Here - vaxman.de
Contents
1. and adapt etc netstart accordingly by changing the variable hostname to contain the value snoopy pi research de In addition to that etc printcap has to be edited too I just removed any entries by commenting them out One should also not forget to adapt etc ntp conf 4 Getting it to the real PDP11 Now we have to copy the disk image to a real disk and attach this to the destination system the Frankenstein PDP11 which is shown in figure 1 This machine is really ugly but fast and it is a bit strange Obviously it is a QBUS machine in a BA23 enclosure but the CPU card is from a PDP11 84 unfortunately that was the only thing I could save from scrap from this 11 84 I found it on the office wall of someone who found this board to pretty to be scrapped this previous owner one day gave it to me so the machine thinks it is a PDP11 84 with FPU chip by the way while it is in fact a QBUS machine The top drawer contains a RX02 compatible diskette drive followed by a Cipher front loading tape drive the CPU enclosure and two RLO2 disk drives 10MB each 4 1 Writing the image to a real disk The only other system that is currently running having a SCSI controller is FAFNER my VAX 7000 820 so copying the disk image contaning the BSD 2 11 UNIX in volves the following steps 1 Transfer the image to the VAX using ftp 2 Copy the image to a foreign mounted disk alberich ftp fafner Connected to fafner 220 fafner2. 50048 6830 24450 81328 13db0 total text 110528 overlays 7744 7360 7872 7232 1344 4864 5568 8000 7872 2624 Compacting symbol table symcompact unix symcompact 252 symbols removed Compacting strings table strcompact unix rearranging symbols symorder pdp symbols sort unix checksys unix System will occupy 200992 bytes of memory including buffers and clists end 0075060 nbuf 0015214 buf 0047244 nproc 0015202 proc 0060760 ntext 0015204 text 0074020 nfile 0015210 file 0071364 ninode 0015206 inode 0015400 ncallout 0015212 callout 0037010 ucb_clist 0015220 nclist 0015216 ram_size 0000000 xitdesc 0015376 quotdesc 0000000 namecache 0046742 _iosize 0014036 nlog 0014510 ld X i o netnix net_copy o net_csv o net_mbuf o net_scb o 15 size netnix text data bss dec hex 59776 2314 38906 100996 18a84 Compacting symbol table symcompact netnix symcompact 247 symbols removed Compacting strings table this will take a few minutes strcompact netnix rearranging symbols symorder pdp symbols sort netnix Now let us save the old kernel just in case we messed up install the new one and reboot the system to test it cp unix oldunix make install install c o root g kmem m 744 unix unix install c o root g kmem m 744 netnix netnix halt syncing disks done halting HALT instruction PC 000014 MOV 1 17406 sim gt b rq0 73Boot from ra 0 0 0 at
3. This is done in the Makefile The section starting with BASE contains the list of all modules that go into the base segment Following this section are up to 15 overlay segments OV1 to OV15 Please note that no overlay segment may be empty except the last ones After some severe fiddling with Makefile the relevant portions look like this BASE br o clock o cons o dh o dhu o dhv o dr o dz o hk o ht o init_sysent o kern_clock o kern_descrip o kern_mman o kern_proc o kern_prot o kern_prot2 o kern_subr o kern_synch o lp o machdep o ra o ram o rk o rl o rx o si o subr_rmap o sys_inode o sys_kern o tm o ts o tty o tty_conf o tty_subr o tty_tb o ufs_bmap o ufs_inode o kern_xxx o subr_xxx o vm_proc o vm_sched o vm_swap o xp o quota_subr o OV1i sys_generic o ufs_syscalls o vfs_vnops o OV2 kern_acct o kern_exec o kern_exit o kern_fork o kern_resource o OV3 kern_time o sys_process o ufs_mount o ufs_subr o uipc_syscalls o OV4 dkbad o kern_sig o mem o trap o tty_pty o tty_tty o OV5 quota_kern o quota_ufs o quota_sys o sys_pipe o OV6 ufs_disksubr o ufs_dsort o ufs_syscalls2 0 kern_sig2 o OV7 mch_fpsim o kern_sysctl o ingreslock o vm_text o OV8 ufs_bio o ufs_namei o OV9 gets the hopefully never used routines OV9 dn o init_main o kern_pdp o machdep2 o subr_prf o syscalls o subr_log o vm_swp o OVi0 tmscp o tmscpdump o toy o ufs_alloc o ufs_fio o Running make again works fine now make size unix text data bss dec hex
4. 38744 used 1308852 free Everything seems to be correct so we will remount usr and add a line to etc fstab to make sure usr will be mounted automatically during system startup mount dev radg usr cd etc echo dev radg usr ufs rw 1 1 gt gt fstab cat fstab dev ra0a ufs rw 1 1 dev ra0b none swap sw dev ra0g usr ufs rw 1 1 We will now halt the BSD system and make a copy of the disk container file just to make sure we have a good checkpoint in case something goes wrong halt syncing disks done halting HALT instruction PC 000014 MOV 1 17406 sim gt quit alberich cp media ra92 dsk ra92 dsk_bare_system Now let us boot the system just assembled again starting the emulator as shown in section 2 1 sim gt b rq0 73Boot from ra 0 0 0 at 0172150 ra 0 0 0 unix Boot bootdev 02400 bootcsr 0172150 2 11 BSD UNIX 115 Sat Apr 22 19 07 25 PDT 2000 sms1 curly 2bsd com usr src sys GENERIC ra0 Ver 3 mod 3 ra0 RA92 size 2940951 phys mem 3145728 avail mem 2921792 user mem 307200 December 26 17 19 10 init configure system hk csr 177440 vector 210 skipped No CSR ht csr 172440 vector 224 skipped No CSR ra 0 csr 172150 vector 154 vectorset attached rl O0 csr 174400 vector 160 attached tm csr 172520 vector 224 does not exist tms 0 csr 174500 vector 260 vectorset attached ts 0 csr 172520 vector 224 attached xp O0 csr 176700 vector 254 attached erase kill U
5. 0172150 ra 0 0 0 unix Boot bootdev 02400 bootcsr 0172150 2 11 BSD UNIX 26 Mon Dec 26 19 10 23 PST 2011 root curly 2bsd com usr src sys SNOOPY ra0 Ver 3 mod 3 ra0 RA92 size 2940951 attaching qeO csr 174440 qt 174440 YM attaching 100 phys mem 3145728 avail mem 2808384 307200 user mem December 26 19 13 36 init configure system hk csr 177440 vector 210 skipped No autoconfig routines ht csr 172440 vector 224 skipped No autoconfig routines ra 0 csr 172150 vector 154 vectorset attached rl 0 csr 174400 vector 160 attached tm csr 172520 vector 224 skipped No autoconfig routines tms csr 174500 vector 260 skipped No autoconfig routines ts csr 172520 vector 224 skipped No CSR xp csr 176700 vector 254 skipped No autoconfig routines erase kill U intr C 16 Fast boot skipping disk checks checking quotas done Assuming NETWORKING system ifconfig ioctl SIOCGIFFLAGS no such interface add host curly 2bsd com gateway localhost 2bsd com add net default gateway 206 139 202 1 Network is unreachable starting system logger Dec 26 19 14 01 curly vmunix ra0 Ver 3 mod 3 Dec 26 19 14 01 curly vmunix ra0 RA92 size 2940951 checking for core dump preserving editor files clearing tmp standard daemons update cron accounting starting network daemons inetd rwhod printer starting local daemons sendmail Mon Dec 26 19 14 01 PST 2011 Dec 26 19 14 01 curly Decemb
6. bootdev 02400 bootcsr 0172150 2 11 BSD UNIX 115 Sat Apr 22 19 07 25 PDT 2000 smsi curly 2bsd com usr src sys GENERIC ra0 Ver 3 mod 3 ra0 RA92 size 2940951 phys mem 3145728 avail mem 2921792 307200 user mem June 8 21 21 24 init configure system hk csr 177440 vector 210 skipped No CSR ht csr 172440 vector 224 skipped No CSR ra 0 csr 172150 vector 154 vectorset attached rl O csr 174400 vector 160 attached tm csr 172520 vector 224 does not exist tms O csr 174500 vector 260 vectorset attached ts 0 csr 172520 vector 224 attached xp 0 csr 176700 vector 254 attached erase kill U intr C Since the disk is currently not bootable we have to copy the proper bootstrap into block 0 All available bootstraps are located in mdec since we are using a RA92 disk drive we need rauboot which contains the ra driver be sure to use the raw device of the destination disk ls la mdec total 16 drwxr xr x 2 root 512 Apr 23 2000 drwxr xr x 14 root 512 Apr 23 2000 r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 bruboot SE r r i1 Foot 512 Dec 5 1995 dvhpuboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 hkuboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 hpuboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 rauboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 rkuboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 rluboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 rmO03uboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 rmO05uboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 rxO1uboot r r r 1 root 512
7. in a 22 bit QBUS system e Next we will configure the available disk drives Set NBR to 0 NHK to 0 NRAC to 2 NRAD to 4 NRK to 0 NRL to 2 NRX to 2 and NSI NXPC NXPD NRAM to O e Configuring the tape drives Set NHT NTM to 0 set AVIVTM to NO set NTS to 1 this is our TS11 tape drive set NTMSCP and NTMS to 0 leave TMSCP_DEBUG set to 0 l According to LSI 11 SSM Appendix B p 1125 the DZV11 is the QBUS analog of the UNIBUS DZ11 2This parameter is set to YES for the GENERIC kernel 13 e Now for the terminals Leave NKL the number of DL11s set to 13 set NDZ to tag e To configure network support set INET to YES and NETHER to 1 The GENERIC kernel does not need any pseudo terminals but since some applications require them we will create 10 pseudo terminals by setting NPTY to 10 To support our DELQA ethernet controller we set NQE to 1i Having created a new configuration file named SNOOPY like this we can no compile a new kernel for the system config SNOOPY Creating SNOOPY Copying standard files to SNOOPY Setting configuration options for SNOOPY Creating device header files Creating Makefile for SNOOPY cd sys SNOOPY make The make command produces lots of output and it is really a good idea to run all of this on the emulator instead of a real PDP11 since this operation takes ages on a real PDP11 The only problem is that this kernel build will fail since the linker will
8. 1 sim gt set tto 7b sim gt cd cpu 3072k Unknown command sim gt set cpu 3072k Disabling CR Disabling RK Disabling HK Disabling TM sim gt set rqO ra92 sim gt attach rqO media ra92 dsk sim gt boot rqO 73Boot from ra 0 0 0 at 0172150 ra 0 0 0 unix Boot bootdev 02400 bootcsr 0172150 2 11 BSD UNIX 115 Sat Apr 22 19 07 25 PDT 2000 sms1 curly 2bsd com usr src sys GENERIC ra0 Ver 3 mod 3 ra0 RA92 size 2940951 phys mem 3145728 avail mem 2921792 307200 user mem December 26 17 29 37 init configure system hk csr 177440 vector 210 skipped No CSR ht csr 172440 vector 224 skipped No CSR ra 0 csr 172150 vector 154 vectorset attached rl O csr 174400 vector 160 attached tm csr 172520 vector 224 skipped No CSR tms O csr 174500 vector 260 vectorset attached ts csr 172520 vector 224 skipped No CSR xp 0 csr 176700 vector 254 attached erase kill U intr C cd usr src sys conf usr src sys conf bad directory Fast boot skipping disk checks checking quotas done Assuming non networking system checking for core dump preserving editor files clearing tmp standard daemons update cron accounting starting lpd starting local daemons sendmail Mon Dec 26 17 31 42 PST 2011 2 11 BSD UNIX curly 2bsd com console login root 12 Board Device CSR address Vector M8061 RL controller 774400 160 Emulex TS tape controller 772520 224 M7516 DELQA 774440 120 3rd
9. Boot from ts 0 0 0 at 0172522 2 2 Disklabel Since I am lucky to have SCSI controller for the PDP11 I decided to use a rather large disk and settled for the RA92 implementation of simh The first thing that is necessary is loading the disklabel program from tape and perform the necessary disk partitioning magic ts 0 1 Boot bootdev 01001 bootcsr 0172522 disklabel Disk ra 0 0 ra 0 0 is unlabeled or the label is corrupt Proceed y n y d isplay D efault m odify w rite q uit D d isplay D efault m odify w rite q uit d type MSCP disk RA92 label DEFAULT flags bytes sector 512 sectors track 73 tracks cylinder 13 sectors cylinder 949 cylinders 3099 rpm 3600 drivedata 00000 1 partitions size offset fstype fsize bsize a 2940951 0 2 11BSD 1024 1024 Cyl O 3098 Now we have a RA92 disk with one partition named a that spans over the whole disk This disk now needs a label it will be named SNOOPY since that is the PDP11 s name d isplay D efault m odify w rite q uit m modify d isplay g eometry m isc p artitions q uit m modify misc d isplay t ype n ame l abel f lags r pm D rivedata q uit 1 label DEFAULT SNOOPY modify misc d isplay t ype n ame l abel f lags r pm D rivedata q uit q modify d isplay g eometry m isc p artitions q uit d type MSCP disk RA92 label SNOOPY flags bytes sector 512 sectors track 73 tracks cyli
10. Dec 5 1995 rx02uboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 si5iuboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 si94uboot r r r 1 root 512 Dec 5 1995 si95uboot dd if mdec rauboot of dev rra0a count 1 1 0 records in 1 0 records out We can now stop the simulator by pressing CTRL E and boot from the newly created system disk Simulation stopped PC 004376 MOV SP 177776 sim gt b rq0 73Boot from ra 0 0 0 at 0172150 ra 0 0 0 unix Boot bootdev 02400 bootcsr 0172150 2 11 BSD UNIX 115 Sat Apr 22 19 07 25 PDT 2000 sms1 curly 2bsd com usr src sys GENERIC ra0 Ver 3 mod 3 ra0 RA92 size 2940951 phys mem 3145728 avail mem 2921792 user mem 307200 June 8 21 21 24 init configure system hk csr 177440 vector 210 skipped No CSR ht csr 172440 vector 224 skipped No CSR ra 0 csr 172150 vector 154 vectorset attached rl O csr 174400 vector 160 attached tm csr 172520 vector 224 does not exist tms 0 csr 174500 vector 260 vectorset attached ts 0 csr 172520 vector 224 attached xp 0 csr 176700 vector 254 attached erase kill U intr C 2 5 Setting up usr Now we can proceed to setup the basic system date 1112261655 date can t write wtmp file Mon Dec 26 16 55 00 PST 2011 passwd root Changing password for root New password Retype new password hostname snoopy To setup the usr filesystem we have to create a new filesystem in partition g and populate this filesystem with the contents o
11. Installing and running BSD 2 11 on a PDP11 Dr Bernd Ulmann December 28 2011 1 Introduction For my lectures Operating Systems Theory Practice I wanted to have a historic UNIX system up and running for demonstration purposes Since I managed to build a Frankenstein PDP11 made from pieces out of various junk bins it seemed logical to install a BSD UNIX on this machine namely BSD 2 11 This document describes the installation procedure which is outlined in way more detail in the official installation and user s guide 2 11BSD Since a real ts tape drive is quite slow and since I already have a simh emulator up and running on my Mac I decided to perform the installation of the BSD distribution kit on the emulator and then transfer the disk image to a real disk connected to the real PDP11 A wealth of information and help has been obtained from http www retrocmp com how tos installing 211bsd unix on pdp 1144 which describes the process of getting BSD 2 11 up and running on a PDP11 44 2 Installation 2 1 Booting from tape First of all start the emulator the path name shown is valid only for my local installation alberich simh pdp11 PDP 11 simulator V3 8 1 sim gt set tto 7b sim gt set ts enable sim gt set cpu 3072k Disabling CR Disabling RK Disabling HK Disabling TM sim gt set rqO ra92 sim gt attach ts media 211bsd tap attach rqO media ra92 dsk sim gt RQ creating new file sim gt boot ts 73
12. be unable to pack everything we requested into the address space available on a PDP11 64 kB minus 8 kB used for IO space ld q r d X i o unix o scb o mch_backup o mch_click o ld too big for type 431 xxx Exit 2 Stop The type 431 denotes a split I D space with overlays a BSD 2 11 kernel for a PDP11 requires split I D space and overlays so this is OK Let us have a detailed look at unix o size unix o text data bss dec hex 58880 6828 24450 90158 1602e total text 110208 overlays 7744 7360 7872 7296 2240 8384 4864 5568 Now it is getting a bit messy The address space of a PDP11 is 64 kB of which 8 kB are reserved for IO devices How does BSD 2 11 handle a kernel larger than the remaining 56 kB including all necessary data structures It uses overlays of 8 kB each so the idea is to have a base segment being 48 kB in size with various overlays containing the modules that did not fit into the base segment Getting the 3The console terminal is a DL11 4 Although our the DZV11 only supports four instead of eight serial lines 5Note that each PTY requires 78 bytes in the kernel data space 6 Althoughi NQT might seem more appropriate it is for a late DELQA only There is a great news article describing this problem and its solution in detail http www dnull com bsd oldnews bsdnew62161 htm1 14 base segment below 48 kB is simple just move modules to an overlay segment as long as they fit
13. carrier so these devices won t wait for a Carrier Detect signal to respond to To enable these serial lines for logins etc ttys must be edited to contain the following lines tty00 usr libexec getty std 9600 vt100 on secure tty01 usr libexec getty std 9600 vt100 on secure tty02 usr libexec getty std 9600 vt100 on secure tty03 usr libexec getty std 9600 vt100 on secure 5 2 User accounts Setting up users on such a historic UNIX is quite straight forward All that has to be done is to add an entry to etc master passwd copy this file to etc passwd transform this into a valid passwd file and create a home directory All users will belong to the group staff which has the GID 10 and UIDs will start at 100 So first add the following line to etc master passwd ulmann 100 10 Bernd Ulmann usr home ulmann bin sh No perform the copy create a home directory etc the last step has to be done only once of course cp master passwd passwd mkpasswd passwd mkdir p usr home ulmann chgrp staff usr home ulmann chown ulmann usr home ulmann chmod atr usr home HOH H FH This newly created user can now login without password a password should be set immediately using the passwd command If the user should be able to perform a su the file etc group has to be adapted like this wheel 0 root ulmann 11Thanks for http www retrocmp com how tos installing 211bsd unix on pdp 1144 for a lot of val
14. er 26 19 14 01 init kernel security level changed from 0 to 1 2 11 BSD UNIX curly 2bsd com console login root Password erase kill U intr C 3 2 Devices The next step involves the creation of devices for our current kernel cd dev MAKEDEV std local ra0 rai ra2 ra2 mtO nmtO rl0 rli ptyO rz0 Now make sure that the CSR and VEC addresses of the devices configured in the system are correct These settings are done in etc dtab The only things which have to be changed here are the lines for the dz terminal multiplexer and the rx floppy controller which have to be activated by removing the comment character in column 1 In addition to that the entry for the ethernet controller qe has to be activated and its VEC address has to be changed from 400 to 120 To avoid unnecessary warnings during system startup the entries for hk kt tm and tms have been disabled by commenting them out In addition to that etc MAKEDEV 1local has to be adapted to the current en vironment Most notably we have to make sure that the swap device is linked to the correct partition in this case to dev raOb rm f swap ln ra0b swap chgrp kmem swap chmod 640 swap Also we should perform acd etc MAKEDEV kmem 17 3 3 Configuring the network Edit etc hosts to suit the local environment 127 0 0 1 localhost 2bsd com localhost arpa localhost 192 168 31 16 fafner pi research de fafner 192 168 31 62 snoopy pi research de snoopy
15. f the save file on tape after mounting the partition on usr newfs ra0g newfs sbin mkfs m 2 n 474 i 4096 s 1351691 dev rra0g isize 65488 m n 2 474 mount dev ra0g usr But first we have to create new device files for the ts tape drive cd dev rm mt MAKEDEV ts0O sync We can now finally start to copy the contents of usr from tape to the newly mounted partition g cd usr mt rew mt fsf 6 tar xpbf 20 dev rmt12 The next tape file contains the sources of the kernel and all necessary include files which will be restored to usr src the mt command positions the tape to the beginning of the next tape file mkdir src cd src mt f dev rmt12 fsf tar xpbf 20 dev rmt12 We are nearing the end of the installation by now The next step is to set the file protections on some central directories and create a symbolic link to the system Sources cd chmod 755 usr usr src usr src sys rm f sys ln s usr src sys sys Due to an acute paranoia attack we will check the file system integrity of parti tion g of the system disk umount dev ra0g fsck dev rra0g dev rra0g File System usr NEED SCRATCH FILE 332 BLKS ENTER FILENAME tmp usrfsck Last Mounted on usr x Phase 1 Check Blocks and Sizes x Phase 2 Check Pathnames Phase 3 Check Connectivity x Phase 4 Check Reference Counts Phase 5 Check Free List 5139 files
16. g F size q uit t c fstype unused modify partition c d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit q modify partitions d isplay n umber s elect q uit d type MSCP disk RA92 label SNOOPY flags bytes sector 512 sectors track 73 tracks cylinder 13 sectors cylinder 949 cylinders 3099 rpm 3600 drivedata 00000 3 partitions size offset fstype fsize bsize a 204800 O 2 11BSD 1024 1024 Cyl O 215 b 32768 204800 swap Cyl 215 250 c 2940951 0 unused 1024 1024 Cyl 0 3098 modify partitions The next partition g will cover the remaining space of the drive please note that the partition type has to be set to 2 11BSD d isplay n umber s elect q uit s abcdefgh quit g sizes and offsets may be given as sectors cylinders or cylinders plus sectors 6200 32c 19c10s respectively modify partition g d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit o g offset 0 237568 modify partition g d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit s g size 0 2703383 modify partition g d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit t g fstype unused 2 11BSD modify partition g d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit q modify partitions d isplay n umber s elect q uit d type MSCP disk RA92 label SNOOPY flags bytes sector 512 sec
17. intr C 10 To leave the single user mode just press CTRL D the boot process will continue Fast boot skipping disk checks checking quotas done Assuming non networking system checking for core dump preserving editor files clearing tmp standard daemons update cron accounting starting lpd starting local daemons sendmail Mon Dec 26 17 19 16 PST 2011 2 11 BSD UNIX curly 2bsd com console login root Password erase kill U intr C The tape image that comes with BSD 2 11 instead of a real distribution on tapes which spans two tapes contains the sources of all commands etc in the last file on the tape To extract these sources we will proceed as follows First position the tape to the right file then change the directory to usr src and extract the tape archive file s contents before finally stopping the system and ending the PDP11 emulation mt fsf 8 cd usr src tar xpb 20 halt syncing disks done halting HALT instruction PC 000014 MOV 1 17406 sim gt quit Goodbye alberich 3 Configuring the system The next big task to accomplish is the configuration of the system this involves building a new kernel to include support for the devices of the target system most notably the DELQA ethernet controller 3 1 Compiling a new kernel Let us start the emulator and boot the image just created again alberich simh pdp11 PDP 1i1 simulator V3 8 1 1
18. iven as sectors cylinders or cylinders plus sectors 6200 32c 19c10s respectively modify partition b d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit o b offset 0 204800 modify partition b d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit s b size 0 32768 modify partition b d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit t b fstype unused swap modify partition b d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit q modify partitions d isplay n umber s elect q uit d type MSCP disk RA92 label SNOOPY flags bytes sector 512 sectors track 73 tracks cylinder 13 sectors cylinder 949 cylinders 3099 rpm 3600 drivedata 00000 2 partitions size offset fstype fsize bsize a 204800 0 2 11BSD 1024 1024 Cyl O 215 b 32768 204800 swap Cyl 215 250 modify partitions The next partition will be named c and covers the whole disk d isplay n umber s elect q uit s abcdef gh quit c sizes and offsets may be given as sectors cylinders or cylinders plus sectors 6200 32c 19c10s respectively modify partition c d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit o c offset 0 modify partition c d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit s c size 0 2940951 modify partition c d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f ra
19. mann bastel ra92 dsk 1 dka4 COPY S COPIED DISK USER_0O ULMANN BASTEL RA92 DSK 1 copied to 1 DKA4 RA92 D SK 1 2940786 blocks SYSTEM FAFNER dism 1 dka4 SYSTEM FAFNER lo Connection closed by foreign host C 2011 19 27 11 67 alberich This disk is then physically transfered to the PDP11 Here is the log of the first boot on the real machine Testing in progress Please wait Memory Size is 4088 K Bytes 9 Step memory test Step 123456789 Message 04 Entering Dialog mode Commands are Help Boot List Setup Map and Test Type a command then press the RETURN key B DUO Trying DUO Starting system from DUO 83Boot from ra 0 0 0 at 0172150 ra 0 0 0 unix Boot bootdev 02400 bootcsr 0172150 2 11 BSD UNIX 26 Mon Dec 26 19 10 23 PST 2011 root curly 2bsd com usr src sys SNOOPY 20 ra0 Ver 5 mod 13 ra0 RA81 size 4110393 attaching qeO csr 174440 qt 174440 Turbo attaching 100 phys mem 4186112 avail mem 3848768 user mem 307200 December 26 20 57 51 init configure system dz 0 csr 160100 vector 310 attached ra 0 csr 172150 vector 154 vectorset attached rl O csr 174400 vector 160 attached rx 0 csr 177170 vector 264 attached ts 0 csr 172520 vector 224 attached ge csr 174440 vector 120 skipped No autoconfig routines erase kill U intr C Fast boot skipping disk checks checking quotas done dev swap Operation not supported by device Assuming NETWORKING system add host sno
20. nder 13 sectors cylinder 949 cylinders 3099 rpm 3600 drivedata 00000 1 partitions size offset fstype fsize bsize a 2940951 O 2 11BSD 1024 1024 Cyl O 3098 modify Having now a disk with a label we will need additional partitions for the core system swapping etc First of all we will change the partition a to be 100 MB in size d isplay g eometry m isc p artitions q uit p modify partitions d isplay n umber s elect q uit s abcdef gh q uit a sizes and offsets may be given as sectors cylinders or cylinders plus sectors 6200 32c 19c10s respectively modify partition a d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit s 2a size 2940951 204800 modify partition a d isplay z ero t ype o ffset s ize f rag F size q uit q modify partitions d isplay n umber s elect q uit d type MSCP disk RA92 label SNOOPY flags bytes sector 512 sectors track 73 tracks cylinder 13 sectors cylinder 949 cylinders 3099 rpm 3600 drivedata 00000 1 partitions size offset fstype fsize bsize a 204800 0 2 11BSD 1024 1024 Cyl 0 215 modify partitions Now we need another partition b for swapping This partition starts where partition a ends and will be 16 MB in size a bit generous but having a disk as large as a RA92 this should not be a problem d isplay n umber s elect q uit s abcdef gh quit b sizes and offsets may be g
21. opy pi research de gateway localhost 2bsd com add net default gateway 192 168 31 254 starting system logger checking for core dump Dec 26 20 59 06 snoopy vmunix ra0 Ver 5 mod 13 Dec 26 20 59 06 snoopy vmunix ra0 RA81 size 4110393 preserving editor files clearing tmp standard daemons update cron accounting starting network daemons inetd rwhod printer starting local daemons sendmail Mon Dec 26 20 59 24 PST 2011 Dec 26 20 59 25 snoopy December 26 20 59 25 init kernel security level changed from 0 to 1 2 11 BSD UNIX snoopy pi research de console login root Password erase kill U intr C We now have a BSD 2 11 UNIX up and running on a real PDP11 10Oh dear I had almost forgotten how slow a real PDP11 is compared with simh on a modern multi GHz processor but there is nothing to compete with a real PDP11 21 5 Final configuration tasks Now that the BSD 2 11 is happily running on a real PDP11 there are a few things left to do which will be described in the following 5 1 Serial lines Since this particular PDP11 has a DZV11 quad terminal interface and since I do not want to use modem control the terminal devices have to be created by hand cd etc mknod tty00 c 2 128 mknod tty01 c 2 129 mknod tty02 c 2 130 mknod tty03 c 2 131 The trick are the minor device numbers which normally would have been 0 to 3 for these four asynchronous lines Setting bit 7 turns on soft
22. party RX02 controller 777170 264 M7957 DZV11 terminal multiplexer 760100 300 Emulex Dual SCSI controller 772150 154 760354 310 Table 1 Device configuration of the PDP11 Password erase kill U intr C The machine has also an EMULEX SCSI controller card a DZV11 terminal multiplexer and a DELQA ethernet controller etc The overall configuration is shown in table 1 We will now create a new configuration file for the new kernel to be built These configuration files are found in usr src sys conf we will make a copy of GENERIC name it SNOOPY and perform the necessary changes to that file cd usr src sys conf cp GENERIC SNOOPY These things have to be changed e Set LINEHZ to 50 instead of 60 reflecting the European line frequency e Set PDP to 73 instead of GENERIC since this represents our system e Set IDENT to SNOOPY and MAXUSERS to 8 e The filesystem configuration is a bit more tricky since we use a MSCP device a SCSI disk on an Emulex controller we have to change the variables PIPEDEV ROOTDEV and SWAPDEV accordingly Therefore the offset of the ra driver in the bdevsw table in the file usr src sys pdp conf c is necessary This number is 5 so we will set PIPEDEV and ROOTDEV to makedev 5 0 and SWAPDEV to makedev 5 1 e The only change in the kernel configuration is setting SOFUB_MAP to 0 since we do not need a software UNIBUS QBUS map that would allow us to use 18 bit controllers
23. pi research de FTP Server Version 5 3 Ready Name fafner ulmann 331 Username ulmann requires a Password Password cd bast230 User logged in Remote system type is VMS ftp gt cd bastel 250 CWD command successful 250 New default directory is DISK USER_0 ULMANN BASTEL ftp gt bin 200 TYPE set to IMAGE ftp gt put ra92 dsk 8 As you will have realized the rack is as much non DEC as possible it is from an old Honeywell installation and was the only empty rack I had at home when I started to put this PDP11 together from the various parts described 9Using a NFS share would be more elegant but the NFS server of TCPIP 5 3 is too buggy to attempt a transfer as large as this 18 Figure 1 The destination system a QBUS PDP11 that thinks it is a PDP11 84 19 local ra92 dsk remote ra92 dsk 229 Entering Extended Passive Mode 1 617981 150 Opening data connection for DISK USER_0 ULMANN BASTEL RA92 DSK 192 168 31 18 60363 226 Transfer complete 1505682432 bytes sent in 46 31 526 75 KB s ftp gt bye 221 Goodbye alberich telnet fafner Trying 192 168 31 16 Connected to fafner Escape character is Username system Password Welcome to OpenVMS VAX V7 2 Last interactive login on Monday 26 DEC 2011 17 46 Last non interactive login on Monday 26 DEC 2011 17 46 SYSTEM FAFNER mou for 1 dka4 YMOUNT I MOUNTED SCRATCH mounted on _ 1 DKA4 HSJO SYSTEM FAFNER copy log disk user_0 ul
24. tors track 73 tracks cylinder 13 sectors cylinder 949 cylinders 3099 rpm 3600 drivedata 0000 0 7 partitions size offset fstype fsize bsize a 204800 0 2 11BSD 1024 1024 Cyl O 215 b 32768 204800 swap Cyl 215 250 c 2940951 0 unused 1024 1024 Cyl 0 3098 g 2703383 237568 2 11BSD 1024 1024 Cyl 250 3098 modify partitions Now we are finished and can write the changes we did back to the disk d isplay g eometry m isc p artitions q uit q d isplay D efault m odify w rite q uit w d isplay D efault m odify w rite q uit q 73Boot from ts 0 0 1 at 0172522 2 3 Creating and populating the root filesystem After we have set up the system disk we can now create an empty root filesystem ts 0 2 Boot bootdev 01002 bootcsr 0172522 Mkfs file system ra 0 0 file sys size 102400 bytes per inode 4096 interleaving factor m 2 default interleaving modulus n 474 default isize 25600 m n 2 474 Exit called 73Boot from ts 0 0 2 at 0172522 The next step is to copy the root filesystem image from tape to disk ts 0 3 Boot bootdev 01003 bootcsr 0172522 Restor Tape ts 0 5 Disk ra 0 0 Last chance before scribbling on disk End of tape 73Boot from ts 0 0 3 at 0172522 2 4 Booting UNIX for the 1st time Now we can boot the newly installed BSD image for the 1st time by loading the standalone boot program from ra 0 0 ra 0 0 unix Boot
25. uable hints 12Modem control can be a real problem without a proper Carrier Detected signal no connection will be established and I want to use the four serial lines with simple three wire connections 22 References 2 11BSD Stevan Schultz Installing and Operating 2 11BSD on the PDP 11 June 13 1995 LSI 11 SSM DEC LSI 11 Systems Service Manual three volumes 5th edition 1985 23
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search