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1. airflow TIF Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Appendices Anti scalp wheel a wheel that contacts the ground only momentarily to prevent scalping when a mower encounters a high spot or crest in the lawn Anti scalp wheels cannot prevent all scalping but they reduce the incidence in most situations antisclp TIF Bagging chute the duct or chute that directs airflow and grass clippings into the bag on a bagging mower Bagging mower a type of mower that collects the grass clippings in a hopper or bag bagmower TIF Appendices Blade rotary mowers use a blade usually steel to provide the fan action that provides the airflow to stand up hold and transport the grass clippings The blade also cuts the grass with a sharpened edge The parts of the blade affecting airflow and grass cutting are identified in the following figure blade TIF 1 Cutting edge 2 Sail Blade tracking Blade tracking refers to the path the blade tip follows as it rotates within the housing A normal track is a minimum of 1 8 inch above and parallel to the lower edge of the mower housing bldtrack TIF Blowout a condition in which the mower throws clippings from under the mower housing somewhere other than the discharge chute This term is normally used when the clippings fall back onto the mower or the operator when moving forward Chute a duct used to control the movement of grass fro
2. 32 inch 81 3cm Cutting Unit The blade should be a minimum of 1 8 inch 3 1mm above the bottom of the housing If it is not you may adjust it by inserting a washer or other shim between the spindle housing and mower housing Re measure the blade side to side If now correct remove the spindle housing bolt and re install through the housing shim and spindle Note that the blade tip will move more than the thickness of the shim This adjustment is to ensure the blade travels in an even plane at an even distance above the bottom of the mower housing Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level 38 and 44 inch 96 5 and 111 7cm Cutting Units To check for a bent spindle remove the belt and spin the blade spindle Look at the center if it rotates ina tight circle the spindle is not bent If the center appears to wobble the spindle is bent and should be replaced On mowers with multiple blades not only do the blades need to be a minimum of 1 8 inch up from the bottom edge of the housing but they must also line up where the tips come together Take the two blade tips and Yet another way to check this with the blades attached point them towards each other They must be within is to align the blades two blades at a time on three 1 8 3 16 inch of level with each other or both must be blade mowers then run a string across the cutting tips the same distance from the blade to the ground of
3. insert a washer or other shim between the spindle housing and mower housing Figure 30 Re measure the blade side to side If now correct remove the spindle housing bolt and re install through the housing shim and spindle Note that the blade tip will move more than the thickness of the shim Figure 30 MVC 732X JPG 32 inch Rear Engine Rider The 32 inch Rear Engine Rider has been built with various engines However all use the same mower attachment and suspension Figure 31 1222 05 TIF Figure 31 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Adjusting Side to Side Level The blade should be level within 3 16 inch 5 0mm The height of cut bracket on the left side of the chassis can be adjusted up and down to level the blade Loosen the two cap screws holding the bracket to the frame rail to do this Figure 32 Figure 33 MVC 732X JPG XL Series Front Engine Rider Figure 32 32rerS2S TIF 2 deapstiews The XL Series Front Engine Rider has been offered bracket with three cutting units A 32 inch 81 3cm single blade a 38 inch 96 5cm twin blade and a 44 inch 111 7cm three blade mowing deck Figure 34 Side to side adjustment procedures are the same for The blade should be 1 4 5 8 inch 6 16mm lower at all three mowing decks However the front to rear the front of the mower than at the rear This pitch varies between the three measurement can be betwe
4. 4 17 42 48 52 inch 106 6 121 9 132 0cm Mowers 005 4 17 Adjusting Side to Side Level with Mower Suspended 4 18 Front to Rear Pitch llli 4 18 Blade Tracking All 260 Series llle 4 18 300 400 500 Series Garden Tractor Excluding 5xi Series 4 19 Adjusting Side to Side Level 0 0 0 0 0 cc ee eee 4 19 Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch llli 4 19 Adjustind Blade TFACKIMO seria varia ae Ew 4 20 li Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Table of Contents OX Series ACOSTA 4 20 Adjusting Side to Side Level 4 4 20 44 48 52 inch 111 7 121 9 132 0cm Mowers 4 20 60 INCN 192 4C6M MOWOF siii es aa 4 21 Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch llle 4 21 Adjusting Transport Blade Pitch llli 4 21 Adjusting Blade Tracking llli 4 22 EL aa Bn sh ee E ais e E ae 4 22 Adjusting Side to Side Level 4 4 22 Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch 0 0 00 00 cc ees 4 23 AG uUsting Blade TFACKIFIQs 2868028 oe bake Chet oleae dad e 4 23 Troubleshooting Quality of Cut General Troubleshooting Procedures 4 5 1 Specific Quality of Cut Problems and Possible Solutions o oooooo 5 1 BIOWOLL 5g xao IRSE A 3e diepr ug pa eon Ron oC daos edat di S ud s Soo d del doen de die ita 9 1 MINION Gass PTT n bearers a a as we Oak oe ee oe Bein E 5 1
5. Bolt 2 Hanger bracket IMPORTANT If the hanger is rotated to the end of adjustment on one side and the mower is not level adjust the opposite side In the 3 4 3 inch 19 0 76 0mm range the gage wheels contact the ground and determine the level The blades should be level side to side within 3 16 inch 4 76mm Figure 53 Figure 51 0318 29 TIF 38 inch 96 5cm Mower Adjusting Side to Side Level The mower blades must be level from side to side Check the side to side level any time you install the mower or when you see an uneven cut on the lawn Before you level the mower set the air pressure in the front and rear tires to 12 psi 83kPa This mower attachment is adjustable in two ways One for higher heights of cut where the mower is suspended from the chassis and the other for lower positions where the level and height of cut are determined by the 1 rear gage wheels Figure 53 260 38 2 TIF Irunnion 2 Hairpin cotter In the 3 4 inch 7 6 10 1cm range the mower is suspended from the chassis The two outside blade tips should be an equal height from the ground within 3 16 inch 4 76mm If not an adjustment is required 1 Loosen adjustment bolt on one side of the tractor and rotate hangar bracket to raise or lower mower Figure 52 2 After adjusting tighten the bolt and check side to side level 4 16 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level 1 Raise att
6. Cutting height of mower Measured height of grass Mowing speed suits conditions Grass is wet or extremely lush Unusual terrain causing a problem Operator turning too sharp or fast Accessories weights chains etc causing problems Date S N S N S N Yes E us E Yes B E E If the quality of cut is still not satisfactory raise the front of the cutting chamber On riding mowers with adjustable pitch raise the front to 1 8 inch above level On walk behind mowers raise the front one notch Test operation after adjusting pitch L EEES Og OO O L 10 This page intentionally left blank Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut TORO QUALITY OF CUT MANUAL Form No 492 4763
7. Landscaper or be scraped from under the deck This often removes commercial walk behind mowers the protective paint from under the deck With a washout port kit it is easy to hook up a garden hose and clean the cutting chamber after each use Many models currently have this kit factory installed However it can be used on most models by finding a place where the water can run into the cutting chamber and not hit a kicker or other object Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 6 1 Kits to Improve Quality of Cut Anti scalping Roller Kit P N 93 3898 Used on Toro Wheel Horse XL series 38 inch decks this kit adds rollers to the deck to help avoid scalping on uneven lawns Rollers are standard on European models Level Assist Kit P N 94 9780 This kit can be used on 260 Series Lawn and Garden tractors to help keep the mower deck level when using a vac bagger attachment Standard on 2001 and later vac baggers Level Assist Kit P N 94 1592 This kit can be used on garden tractor mowers to help keep the mower deck level when a vac bagger attachment is used Standard on 1997 and later vac baggers Baffle Kits Baffle kits are available for some mowers These are designed to help reduce the tendency to blow leaves and dry grass out the front of the mower If a mower has Recycler baffles and kickers try to resolve the blowout problem by removing these prior to purchasing and installing a baffle kit Baffle kits w
8. cut plate serves this purpose Figure 20 Figure 19 0185 12 TIF Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Figure 20 2768 0011 TIF slipping Height of Cut Adjuster If the spring arm will not maintain height of cut it has lost spring tension and must be replaced When the height of cut spring arm is weak and has slipped a number of times it can wear away the notches On steel decks the height of cut plate should be replaced if this happens On cast decks this wear is in the deck housing itself One alternative is to replace the deck housing However there are two wear plate kits which fit many 21 inch Toro models Kit PN 105 1290 fits Toro 21 inch Super Recyclers manufactured 1995 and newer Figure 21 Kit PN 49 4080 fits the older 21 inch Recyclers and Rear Baggers Figure 22 Note These kits do not fit any Vacu Power Commercial Pro Line or Landscaper models Figure 21 mvc 460 tif Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Figure 22 2001 065 TIF Wheel Does Not Touch Ground If one of the wheels does not touch the ground on a level surface verify that all four spring arms are in the same notch and that those notches are not worn Make any necessary adjustments for correcting worn notches see Slipping Height of Cut Adjuster on page 4 5 If the spring arms are in the same notch and the notches are not worn and the wheel that does not touch the ground is 1 8 inch 3 1mm or le
9. earth i EET DNA scalp TIF Semi floating deck a type of mower that is partially supported by the chassis but also has wheels on the ground Side discharge mower a mower that has an opening to eject the clippings to one side This type mower may also be convertible to other functions Slope see Pitch Suspended deck a mower fully suspended from the tractor Height of cut is controlled by raising or lowering the mower attachment through linkage attached to the tractor 1222 05 jpg Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Appendices Stragglers random individual blades of grass that Thin Thick grass the density or the number of are not cut when the mower has passed over an area plants in a specific area The density of the grass is a factor in how much volume of grass the mower is asked to process and in how readily air can enter the cutting chamber Noland SS NN 9300 023 TIF Streaking a strip of uncut or partially cut grass A streak can be a continuous or broken line or strip of grass It can occur during straight runs or only when making turns rT INR AAN thinthik TIF Tire tracks grass pushed down when a mower is rolled across a yard Normal healthy grass will recover from this in a day or so Overly lush or very dry grass may take longer to straighten up The grass in a lawn affected this way may also retai
10. front of the adjusting block on the sides of the chassis Figure 43 If the rod length is not 5 8 inch 16mm remove the hairpin cotter and washer from the end of the rod and turn the rod until the 5 8 inch 16mm dimension is obtained Then install the end of the rod into the hole in the mower mount and secure it in place with the washer and hairpin cotter Repeat this procedure on the other side 3 Figure 43 3 Adjustment block 4 Long rod XL38pit1 TIF Hairpin cotter and washer Leveling bracket Recheck the front to rear pitch If it is not within specification proceed to step 4 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level 4 To adjust the front to rear pitch loosen the front 44 inch 111 7cm Cutting Unit ivot plat ting bolts slightly Fi 44 pivot plate mounting bolts slightly Figure 44 1 Check side to side level and adjust as needed see Adjusting Side to Side Level Alll Cutting Units on page 4 10 2 Measure the length of the rod extending out the front of the adjusting block on the sides of the chassis Figure 45 If the rod length is not 5 8 inch 15 875mm remove the hairpin cotter and washer from the end of the rod and turn the rod until the 5 8 inch 15 875mm dimension is obtained Then install the end of the rod into the hole in the mower mount and secure in place with the washer and hairpin cotter Repeat this procedure on the opposite sid
11. leaves and the mower pushes them away instead of picking them up 3 Check to see if a blowout kit sometimes called a baffle kit is available for the model See Special Tools in the Appendices Clumping Toro Recycler mowers and mulching mowers can be more susceptible to clumping because the clippings stay in the chamber longer than in other types of mowers If the general troubleshooting procedures previously described do not resolve the problem 1 Convert the mower to side discharge for at least one mowing 2 Convert the mower to bagging for at least one mowing Troubleshooting Quality of Cut Clogged Chute Bagging or Side Discharging Only 1 Check for an alternate blade A low lift blade on a bagging mower may have an increased tendency to plug Install a higher lift blade if available 2 On bagging mowers the air exhaust may be restricted Ensure that the bag is not caked with dirt and the air exhaust screen is not clogged Dribbling Dribbling is caused by the same factors as clumping Use the same steps to remedy this problem Ragged Cut 1 Weed content Some weeds and weedy grasses are very difficult to cut cleanly leaving a poor looking lawn Remove the weeds from the lawn or improve the grass stand in the lawn 2 Grass variety Some types of grass can be difficult to cut Certain varieties such as Annual Rye and Bahia are tough stringy and are difficult cut cleanly no matter how sharp th
12. method for mixing fuel and oil properly Remind the operator that the instructions for either of these procedures are in the operator s manual Identify the machine s safety features and explain how they work and how to use them Remind the operator that safety instructions are in the operator s manual e Demonstrate for the operator the sound of the engine operating under a normal load and then operating in an overloaded condition in which it is starting to bog down e Show the operator how to clean clippings out of the cutting chamber Explain that this is important because clippings can harden and stick to the cutting chamber Clippings adhering to the cutting deck change the airflow under the cutting deck and affect the quality of cut They also generally bond to the deck paint and cannot be removed without also removing the paint Lawn Preparation Explain to the operator that the operator s manual contains information for proper lawn preparation Remind the operator of the following e The grass must be dry Cut late in the day after the sun has had a chance to dry the grass e Clear the area of objects such as rocks toys wire bones sticks etc which could be picked up and thrown by the blade Safety Explain to the operator that the operator s manual contains safety information about the mower lawn preparation operator dress and condition and mowing procedures When followed this safety information
13. must be the same distance from the blade to the ground Figure 69 1 1 trclevel TIF Figure 69 1 Measure here An alternate way to check this is to remove the mower housing and turn it over Remove both blades and lay a straight edge on both blade saddles Figure 70 It should lie flat If not either the spindle or the housing where the spindle mounts may be bent altbltrk TIF Figure 70 Yet another way to check this with the blades attached is to align the blades two blades at a time on three blade mowers then run a string across the cutting tips of the blades The string should be straight If it is not the blade or spindle could be bent If the saddles or blades do not line up and the spindles are not bent a shim between the spindle housing and the mower housing may help align them Loosen the spindle to mower housing bolts and insert shim washers until the saddles are in line Then if you used washers to shim the spindle housing remove the bolt and reassemble through the washer to secure it TimeCutter Z Note This chassis was re identified as TimeCutter ZX for 2003 The TimeCutter ZX is sold with two mower sizes 44 inch and 52 inch 111 7cm and 132 0cm mowers Figure 71 x as a WEM CN i io e 5 E d qs L gt e LJ A E Te de E SA E a AE CARLA 2001 027 TIF Figure 71 Adjusting Side to Side Level These mowers should be level side to s
14. uses a nylon patch or similar lock 21 inch walk behind feature it should be replaced every third time it has been removed The patch will wear out with use If a lock washer is used inspect it for damage and replace if warranted mowers 21 inch and 22 inch walk behind mowers with split washer on blade bolt Toro 21 inch and 22 inch walk behind mowers with domed or flat washer on blade bolt Toro Wheel Horse 25 inch 32 inch 38 inch 44 inch mowers Toro Wheel Horse 36 inch 42 inch 48 inch 80 100 109 136 52 inch 60 inch mowers Figure 9 MVC 713X jpg 2 Refer to the owner s manual for your particular unit for proper blade bolt nut torque Some common Toro Toro Wheel Horse and Lawn Boy torque values are shown in the following table Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 3 3 This page intentionally left blank Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Overview This section describes how to check and adjust the blade level on consumer walk behind mowers and riding mowers Four factors determine proper blade level Blade tracking blade tips staying in a single plane of rotation as they turn e Height of cut height of blade above level surface e Side to side level each blade tip at the same height above a level surface when measured on either side of the mower e Front to rear pitch angle of blade when one tip points t
15. 411111 I j Ei lll k BE j 3 i oT F i About This Manual We hope that you find this manual a valuable addition to your service shop If you have comments or questions about this manual contact your Distributor Service Manager or us directly at the following address The Toro Company Consumer Service Department 8111 Lyndale Avenue South Bloomington MN 55420 1196 The Toro Company reserves the right to change product specifications or this manual without notice Copyright All Rights Reserved The Toro Company 2002 Bloomington MN 55420 1149 U S A Table of Contents Introduction Manual PUDO ands da ood aoe god ae eal AA he eon Oe eee aes 1 1 age er e RT tier OCTO UT OTT TT TOT OI TOT T P 1 1 CONOS derroto dns a ista omen bake eect eee aaa ea oe eee te 1 1 Elements of Great Quality of Cut OVOIVISWE 2 inu dod bebo oou is EO ees dd Rb ee a de Bh He 6 4 2 1 2 1 Operator INSEE CU OW n ce E obe RO CNRC VER RR ORC ROC GU AGERE ACRER e RE rae ex d d 2 2 MOWER PTeDAIaltlOD so dried e OE Rau ED O aU pee do USE SERE ae Sra 2 2 aw Ae re Dara lOM sae ar c A cR Se baal adam RU dud at Re Soto eC Hee aE A ot at 2 2 vcl P rpm 2 2 MOWING 2 3 Inspecting and Sharpening the Blade VER 3 1 Removing the Blade 2 0 cc eee teenies 3 1 Inspec mg Ihe age 3 2 Sharpening the Blade surtido de Xe Dd t AS aot To belit ede Mog ds 3 2 Balancing Me Blade nordica br ais 3 2 Install rad Me Blade ces
16. C adjusting mechanism moves freely and engages firmly 9 Deck is level side to side and front to rear 10 Check the front wheel toe in Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 2 1 Elements of Great Quality of Cut 11 Check the transmission fluid level See owner s manual some models have a sealed transmission 12 Check the tire pressure where applicable Note Some models require installing the mower attachment If the mower is factory installed check the blade pitch and deck level These two factors are critical to a great quality of cut Operator Instruction Even experienced operators should review the operation instructions for an unfamiliar machine Every operator s manual contains safety and operation information the operator should review before operating the mower Refer the operator to the operator s manual for details on operating the mower safely and effectively Mower Preparation When reviewing mower operation procedures with an operator do the following e Identify the location of the air filter and explain how to check it Describe how often the blade should be checked and sharpened Explain that tipping a walk behind mower the wrong way to check the blade could cause gasoline to spill or oil to soak the air filter For a mower with a 4 cycle engine explain how often the oil should be checked and what type of oil should be used For a mower with a 2 cycle engine explain the
17. Clogged Chute Bagging or Side Discharging Only o oooooo 5 2 Bee serra tai dla E tis E O ra EN St 9 2 Ajo O A E a a aaa do bie Aone hee cad baa eat 5 2 1 AAA 5 2 Stair Step OF Sawtooth Cut isa da ii eu X 5 2 ottagglelS mdr batur ale di abt a EE io 5 2 Si A seas qup cesses dn E erst haps admoto een MC aU scu en bU yee esa hes cea 5 2 EGRSS br TET TOTO TQ TT D ee eee ee eee E ee 5 3 MINOR canoa iaa ii ie 5 3 Kits to Improve Quality of Cut Toro Ixecycler MUICA PIO s s dii de e aro rra obe etim d oae mae bees ral 6 1 Washout Port IIt PIN 95 92792 s i owe sor v oboe deer Ene varus Bou Bo dor dee ie tar us 6 1 Cast Deck Height of Cut Notch Repair Kits llle 6 1 Anti scalping Roller Kit P N 93 3898 0 0 0 0 000 rn 6 2 Leyel AssiSE Kt P N 94 9760 os wae a ecam ule cma AAA URNA EA ade tes 6 2 Level Assist Kit P N 94 1592 ee eee eee nes 6 2 FN WM mira cate O panes Gite ath Gat a a al Jae ioe Sis ew 6 2 Appendices CSIOSS dU ados ee ee eee AAA AA ee ae eee eee ee eee 7 1 Special NOOlS too ear v SEP PO E ELE RI GINE eae oo ee eae Was gt a iG ange dq 7 7 Mower Quality of Cut Checklist llli 7 8 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut lil This page intentionally left blank Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Manual Purpose This manual describes the setup operator instruction and mowing tips that promote a great quality of cut This manual contains material
18. aced perpendicular to the floor can be used The dowel needs to be taller than the height of cut to be measured but not so tall as to hit the top inside of the mower deck Wrap any kind of tape around one end and down far enough to reach the blade Reach under the housing place one end of the dowel on the ground and stand it upright Using the sharp edge of the blade make a mark in the tape Pull the dowel out and measure from the end to the mark That will be the height of cut MVC 728X jpg A smooth flat surface When measuring height of cut do not assume your floor is flat Use a Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 7 7 Appendices A reference board A reference board can be Mower Qual ity of Cut easily made Use a board that will span the width of cut of the mowers you will be checking Markoff Checklist level regular lines on your board one inch intervals are recommended Place at least one The following page contains the Mower Quality of Cut stake on either end so they can be pushed into Checklist When troubleshooting quality of cut the ground and hold the board up If you handle problems copy this form and use it to record riders and tractors you may wish to make the information about the problem the troublshooting steps board as wide as the largest mower attachment you take and the results that you handle For ease of handling the board can be hinged in the middle This also allows storage in a sm
19. achment lift lever to release pressure on 2 Rotate the bolt on front adjustable link to change the gage wheels Remove the 7 16 inch 10 9mm front to rear pitch Turn the bolt clockwise to hairpin cotter from the trunnion Figure 54 shorten the link and raise the front of the mower Turn counterclockwise to lower 3 When the front to rear pitch is correct tighten the jam nut Recheck side to side leveling 42 48 52 inch 106 6 121 9 132 0cm Mowers The side to level and front to rear pitch adjustments for all these models are the same However as you raise the cutting height the point at which the rear gage wheels comes off the ground is different for the 52 inch 132 0cm mower There is an adjustment process when the mower is suspended However if the gage wheels are on the ground there is no side to side adjustment If the mower is not level side to side with the gage wheels on the ground look for a worn or damaged wheel or bent gage wheel support the bar that connects the gage wheels Figure 54 260 38 3 TIF 1 Irunnion 2 Hairpin cotter 2 Rotate trunnion to adjust side to side level adjustment With the deck suspended the height of cut range for the 42 inch and 48 inch 106 6cm and 121 9cm mowers is 2 3 4 4 inches 69 8 101 6mm For the 52 inch 132 0cm mower it is 3 4 inches 3 After adjusting secure trunnion with hairpin cotter and lower attachment lift Check side to side level 76 102mm A
20. adjust mower pitch to zero level front to rear 2 Check for the correct blade a bagging blade used when mulching may cause excessive turbulence 3 Ifthe mower is equipped with an accelerator or mulch fan replace it with a blade stiffener as used on some bagging mowers Not all mowers require this 4 Try varying the height of cut 5 Multti blade decks may leave a streak when turning in uncut grass when the effective direction of the mower eliminates the blade overlap This may happen in long curved cutting patterns Try making the turn from the opposite direcrtion if possible 6 Verify the correct blade overlap if a multi blade mower leaves a streak between blades when traveling in a straight line This can happen when the blades have been sharpened numerous times making them too short Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 10 11 Troubleshooting Quality of Cut Verify that there is not a gage wheel or roller pushing the grass down before the blade can cut it Excessive toe in on front tires can push the grass down to the point where the mower might have difficulty pulling it up to cut it Check and adjust as needed Blades that are short or have worn sails do not provide the air flow to stand the grass up Replace worn blades The grass may be compacted after being cut The rear tires and rollers or gage wheels on the rear of the mower will knock the grass down too What may appear to
21. aller area To use the board cut a path with the mower being checked Place the board across the path and brush the grass with your hand Now stand back from the board and look at the grass against the reference line You will be able to see any uncut strips out of level or other quality of cut issues MVC 714X jpg 7 8 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Mower Quality of Cut Checklist Customer name Walk behind or riding mower model VIN Mower attachment model VIN Bagger model VIN Clipping disposal Side discharged Mulched Bagged 1 Results Complaint Streaking Ragged cut Windrow O Clumping Other Description of problem Is a vacuum or sweeper being used Yes No Service Check Adjust in shop TONMOUOOD DS Observations from watching customer operating mower if possible Underside of mower housing clean Blades sharp and in balance Blades too short bent or not aligned with each other PTO belt drive spindles in working order Tire pressure the same on all tires Riders usually 12 PSI Engine maximum RPM to specification Mower level side to side with 1 8 inch Bagging system clean air exhausts open impeller drive in working order Mower level front to rear Most tractors 1 8 inch low in front 32 inch mowers 20 inch and 21 inch walk behind mowers approximately 3 8 inch low in front Check CONMOOW DS Engine being run at full throttle
22. ar pitch on a given mower see the subsection that discusses the height of cut system used on the mower Cast deck models Toro Super Recycler and Lawn Boy Gold Series use notches cast into the mower housing Figure 10 and spring arms and pins to engage those notches P2260001 JPG Figure 10 Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Steel deck models Toro Recyclers and Lawn Boy Silver Series use spring arms and pins to engage notches in a plate bolted to the mower housing Figure 11 Figure 11 MVC 402X jpg Some models 43cm and 48cm models sold in Europe use a Single lever height of cut system Figure 12 P2260003 JPG Figure 12 Riding Mower Overview Each series of riding mower has it s own method of suspending the mower assembly For checking and adjusting the blade tracking height of cut side to side level and front to rear pitch on a given riding mower see the subsection that discusses the appropriate series of riding mower Checking Blade Level All Mowers Checking the blade level involves preparing a suitable workspace and measuring the distance from one of the blade tips to a level flat surface at the 12 3 6 and 9 o clock positions Preparing the Workspace Use a straight edge to verify that the workspace is flat Do not assume the floor is flat even if it appears to be so You will make measurements with a tolerance of less than 3 16 inch 5mm Figure 13 A small dip in a concrete
23. at steps 4 and 5 If the 1 4 to 5 8 inch 6 16mm pitch cannot be achieved by rotating the adjusting nuts move the mower pivot mount at the front of the mower housing Figure 42 Note Some models only have one pair of holes to select from If the model you are working on only has one hole and the front to rear pitch is still out of specification go back to the basics Check the tire pressure and inspect for a worn or damaged chassis or suspension component 10 11 Figure 42 XL32pit4 TIF Mower pivot 3 Locknut Shoulder bolt 4 Mower Remove the shoulder bolts and lock nuts from the mower Installing the bolts in a higher hole will lower the blade and using a lower hole will raise it Repeat the front to rear adjustment steps 3 7 Once the front to rear pitch is within specification recheck the side to side adjustment see Adjusting Side to Side Level All Cutting Units on page 4 10 Once the front to rear pitch and side to side level are within specification continue by checking and adjusting the blade tracking see Adjusting Blade Tracking on page 4 14 38 inch 96 5cm Cutting Unit The blade pitch for a 38 inch 96 5cm mower is correct when the blade in front is 1 8 3 8 inch 3 5 10 5mm lower in front than in the rear If adjustment is necessary proceed as follows 1 Verify that the mower is level side to side If not adjust that first Measure the length of the rod extending out the
24. be a streak may be grass that the tires or gage wheels did not hit If so the rest of the grass will straighten up in a day or so and the lawn will be level To test for this brush the grass with your hand to see if it is level If so the problem could be compaction This occurs frequently when the grass is too wet or too dry On multi blade decks what is described as a streak can result from two of the blades not being aligned and therefore cutting at two different heights this is actually a stair step cut On multiple blade mowers the blade tips should be in line within 1 8 inch See the operator s manual or the section Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level of this manual for instructions on checking and repairing this problem Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Uncut Grass 1 Verify the correct blade is being used Some models have different blades for mulching versus bagging Check the blade pitch See the Operator s Manual or the section Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level of this manual for adjustment instructions Try a lower height of cut and slower ground speed Windrow 1 Wet or extremely lush grass windrowing can usually be resolved by following the general suggestions Dry grass windrowing indicates the operator is trying to process too much grass at one time One or more of the general suggestions should resolve this problem If side discharging ensure grass is being thrown
25. contributes to a great quality of cut by ensuring that the operator and bystanders are safe the mower operates properly and the lawn is not damaged during mowing The operator should be completely familiar with all aspects of operating the mower safely Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Elements of Great Quality of Cut Mowing Tips Explain to the operator that the operator s manual contains tips for getting a great quality of cut Remind the operator of the following e The best ground speed is normal walking speed However if the engine bogs down at this speed slow down to avoid degrading the lawn appearance With a mulching mower it may be necessary to mow more slowly than with a bagging or side discharge mower Compared to bagging or side discharging the time spent in mowing more slowly with a mulching mower is made up for by not emptying a bag or raking discharged clippings The best height of cut varies with the type of grass and the season In the spring and fall when temperatures are moderate and rainfall is higher height of cut can usually be decreased In the summer when the temperature increases and rainfall decreases it is usually better to increase the height of cut To maintain the health of the grass turf grass agronomists recommend cutting no more than 1 3 of the grass height Most rotary mowers designed for urban and suburban use work best when set up to cut no more than 1 3 o
26. covering Toro and Lawn Boy brand rotary mowers built in 2002 This information also applies to similarly designed products produced before or after 2002 The Toro Company has made every effort to make the information in this manual complete and correct Intended Audience This manual is written expressly for the Toro and Lawn Boy servicing dealer It assumes the reader has basic mechanical knowledge and skills Contents This manual contains the following sections 1 Introduction This section 2 Elements of a Great Quality of Cut This section provides an overview of the setup and operator instruction that promote a great quality of cut 3 dnspecting and Sharpening the Blade This section describes how to remove inspect sharpen balance and install a blade 4 Checking and Adjusting Blade Level This section describes how to check and adjust the blade level on all types of Toro and Lawn Boy brand rotary mowers built in 2002 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Introduction Troubleshooting Quality of Cut This section describes general quality of cut troubleshooting procedures and procedures for addressing specific quality of cut problems Kits to Improve Quality of Cut This section describes kits designed to address specific quality of cut problems on certain Toro and Lawn Boy brand rotary mowers Appendices This section contains a glossary of quality of cut terms and a list of sp
27. der s area resulting in serious personal injury or death Inspect the blade periodically for wear or damage Replace a worn or damaged blade Sharpening the Blade File or grind the top of the blade to maintain it s original cutting angle and inner cutting edge radius To keep the blade balanced remove the same amount of material from both cutting edges Figure 6 Figure 6 sharpen TIF 1 Sharpenatthis angle 2 Maintain the original only radius here Balancing the Blade 1 Check the balance of the blade by placing the center hole of the blade over a nail or a screwdriver shank clamped horizontally in a vise Figure 7 Figure 7 balance1 TIF Note You can also check the balance using a commercially manufactured blade balancer such as the Magna Matic MAG 1000 Professional Blade Balancer Figure 8 Figure 8 mag1000 jpg Photo used with permission 2 If either end of the blade rotates downward file that end not the cutting edge or the end near the cutting edge The blade is properly balanced when neither end drops Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Inspecting and Sharpening the Blade Install ng the Blade Blade Bolt Nut Torque Guide for Lawn Boy Toro and Toro Wheel Horse Mowers built in 2002 1 Install the blade onto the spindle or blade driver If the blade has curved tips sails they should be pointing towards the mower housing Figure 9 If Lawn Boy the bolt or nut
28. djusting Front to Rear Pitch The gage wheels on the 42 inch and 48 inch 106 6cm The front to rear pitch should be from 0 1 8 inch and 121 9cm mowers are on the ground in the height 0 3 1mm lower in front To adjust the front to rear of cut ranges 3 4 2 3 4 inch 19 0 69 8mm The gage pitch proceed as follows wheels on the 52 inch 132 0cm mower are on the ground in the height of cut ranges 1 1 2 3 inches 1 The adjustment link is on the right front corner of 38 76mm the mower Loosen the jam nut on the link Figure 55 Figure 55 260 38 4 TIF 1 Adjustable link 3 Bolt 2 Jam nut Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 4 17 Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Adjusting Side to Side Level with Mower Suspended The distance from the outside blade tips to the ground should be equal within 3 16 inch 4 6mm Figure 56 If not an adjustment is in order XL3bS2S TIF Figure 56 1 Blades side to side 2 Outside cutting edges 3 Measure here 1 Loosen adjustment bolt on one side and rotate hangar bracket to raise or lower mower 2 After adjusting tighten bolt and check side to side level IMPORTANT If hangar is rotated to the end of adjustment on one side and mower is not level adjust the opposite side Front to Rear Pitch All mowers for the 260 series tractor use the same pitch measurement The blade should be 0 3 8 inch 0 9 4mm lower in front than in the rear If it is not within th
29. e moisture Windrow poor disbursement of clippings resulting in a nearly continuous line of cut grass clippings on the grass This may also appear as clumps of dry grass generally in a row across the lawn A TN EA M y e AN AA AN a windrow TIF 1 3 Rule a recommendation by turf grass agronomists that not more than 1 3 of the height of the grass be removed at one time to maintain the health of grass plants Most rotary mowers designed for urban and suburban lawns are designed to work best when operators follow this rule Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Appendices Special Tools known straight edge to check the floor Remember Normal hand tools will be needed when correcting a quality of cut complaint However there are a few special items that will be a big time saver you will be trying to measure within 1 8 inch or less Many shop floors are not that flat A good solution is to lay a sheet of plywood on the area to be used A 4 X 8 foot sheet of 3 4 inch thick material with one smooth side is adequate for Height of cut measuring tool This tool has an most mowers arm that is slid under the mower attachment and pushed up to the bottom of the blade The indicator reads the height of cut uh x nnl i e oou g 75 801 erm EA lie LN i we DL AE Y HOV res es SS ai MVC 715X jpg MVC 732X jpg An alternate height of cut tool can be created in the shop A wooden dowel that can be pl
30. e after each measurement so you have only one mark each time you measure MVC 729X JPG Figure 17 6 When the measurements are complete proceed to the subsections in these instructions that cover the blade tracking and blade leveling procedures for the mower on which you are working Checking and Adjusting Blade Tracking Walk Behind Mowers Blade tracking can generally be checked visually Use one blade tip turning it one rotation It should stay close to the same level all the way around a minimum of approximately 1 8 inch 3 1mm above the bottom edge Figure 18 of the mower housing Housings with cut outs are more difficult to check Verify all other measurements when checking these mowers If there is a large difference in the measurement from one area to another the mower housing may be bent at the point where the engine or blade spindle mounts You can correct for this by placing shim washers between the engine or spindle and the housing Check for level after installing shims MVC 716X JPG Figure 18 Riding Mowers For instructions on checking and adjusting the blade tracking on a riding mower see the subsection in these instructions that covers the mower on which you are working Adjusting Blade Level Walk Behind Mowers Specifications and Tolerances On walk behind mowers the blade should be level side to side within 1 8 inch 3 1mm The mower is designed with a 1 degree downward blade pitch
31. e blade Scalping 1 Raise the height of cut to avoid high spots 2 The lawn may need to be graded or rolled to remove high spots 3 Level mower side to side 4 Adjust anti scalp devices 5 Adjust gage wheels on floating or semi floating decks 6 Reduce ground speed either in turns or on straight runs 7 Change cutting pattern Sometimes approaching a high spot from a different angle resolves the problem 8 Ifthe mower attachment scalps only on turns slow down High speed turns can cause the side of the mower on the inside of the turn to lift or bounce and this makes the outside edge dig into the ground Centrifugal force will apply in direct relation to the speed Stair Step or Sawtooth Cut Check mower for level side to side On multi blade mowers verify all blades are at the same height Stragglers 1 Check the blade pitch See the Operator s Manual or the section Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level of this manual for adjustment instructions 2 Ifthe mower is equipped with an accelerator or mulch fan replace it with a blade stiffener as used on some bagging mowers Not all mowers require this 3 Try a lower height of cut 4 Check for heavy foot traffic in area affected Heavy traffic will compact the grass Streaking 1 Check the blade pitch See the Operator s Manual or the section Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level of this manual for adjustment instructions In severe cases
32. e of the mower Figure 44 XL38pit2 TIF 1 Eye bolt locknut 2 Pivot mounting bolt 9 Rotate lock nuts on eyebolts to change the adjustment To raise the front of the mower tighten the eyebolt lock nuts To lower the front of the mower loosen the eyebolt lock nuts 6 After adjusting both eyebolt lock nuts evenly check the front to rear pitch again Continue adjusting until the blade pitch is within specification 7 Tighten the pivot plate mounting bolts 8 Recheck the side to side level and correct if necessary see Adjusting Side to Side Level AIll Figure 45 XL44pit1 TIF ae 1 Adjusting block 3 Hairpin cotter and Cutting Units on page 4 10 2 Adjusting rod washer 4 Mower mount 9 Once the front to rear pitch and side to side level are within specification continue by checking and adjusting the blade tracking see Adjusting Blade Tracking on page 4 14 3 Move the height of cut lever deck lift into the C notch and rotate the blades so they are facing front to rear Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 4 13 Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level 4 Measure from the front blade tip to the ground mark that tip with tape for future reference and rotate it 180 degrees to the rear and measure from the tip to the ground If the tip in the front is not 0 5 16 inch 0 8mm lower than in the rear adjustment is necessary Figure 46 Figure 46 XL44pit2 TIF 3 Measure r
33. e top of the grass blade after it is cut or from the ground to the cutting edge of the mower blade these should be the same Leveling the process of adjusting the mowing deck so that the blade is correctly positioned relative to the ground See the instructions for the particular mower for the correct adjustment method and measurements Lush grass grass with a high water content This is common in most areas during spring rains or on a lawn that is watered heavily This term may be used in conjunction with density as in lush dense grass Mulching using the mower to cut grass into very small pieces and deposit it back into the lawn Mulching fan See Accelerator Mulching mower a mower used to mulch grass This term is used to describe mowers that are designed specifically to mulch and convertible mowers that mulch Peak torque the speed at which an engine applies the maximum twisting force to the crankshaft This is the speed where the engine can do the most work Pitch the front to rear position of the blade in relation to the ground INN NAA pitch TIF 7 3 Appendices Power band the RPM range where an engine produces its best power This range is usually below wide open throttle but above peak torque As the grass load slows the engine the RPM drops to near peak torque Wide open throttle and peak torque are the two ends of the power band Normal Operating Range Wide Ope
34. ear blade tip 4 Measure here 1 Blade front to rear 2 Measure front blade tip 5 o adjust the front to rear pitch loosen the front mounting plate bolts slightly Figure 47 Figure 47 1 Pivot mounting bolt 2 XL44pit3 TIF Eyebolt locknut 6 Rotate the lock nuts on the eyebolts to change the adjustment To raise the front of the mower tighten the eyebolt lock nuts To lower the front of the mower loosen the eyebolt lock nuts 7 After adjusting both eyebolt lock nuts evenly check the front to rear pitch again Continue adjusting the eyebolts until the front blade tip is 0 5 16 inch 0 8mm lower than in the rear 8 When the front to rear pitch is correct tighten the pivot plate mounting bolts 9 Check the side to side level to assure that has not changed Correct if needed see Adjusting Side to Side Level Alll Cutting Units on page 4 10 10 Check gage wheel height Each wheel should be approximately 3 8 inch 9 5mm off the ground Adjust as needed 11 Once the front to rear pitch and side to side level are within specification continue by checking and adjusting the blade tracking as follows Adjusting Blade Tracking The 32 inch 81 3cm cutting unit requires a blade tracking adjustment procedure different from the procedure required for the 38 inch 96 5cm and the 44 inch 111 7cm cutting units Use the procedure as follows appropriate to the cutting unit on which you are working
35. easure here side to side adjustment is necessary Remove the OHiside Cun edges hairpin cotter and washer from the leveling bracket Figure 38 To level the blade s reposition the leveling bracket s in a different hole and install the washer and hairpin cotter Moving to a hole nearer the front lowers the blade height Moving to a hole nearer to the rear raises the height There are identical brackets on both sides Use the holes in both to level the blades side to side The brackets do not need to be in the same hole on both sides Figure 36 XL2bS2S TIF 1 Blade side to side 3 Measure here 2 Outside cutting edges Figure 38 XLIvIbkt TIF 1 Hairpin cotter and 3 Front hole washer 4 Rear hole 2 Leveling bracket 4 10 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch Each of the three XL cutting units has a slightly different specification for front to rear pitch and slight variations in the adjustment process Each cutting unit is covered separately in one of the following subsections 32 inch 81 3cm Cutting Unit The blade on this model should be 1 4 5 8 inch 6 16mm lower in front If the pitch is outside this range adjustment is necessary Figure 39 Figure 39 1 Measure front center 2 XL32pit1 TIF Measure rear center 1 Verify that the side to side level is correct If not adjust that first 2 Measure the length of the
36. ecial tools used in addressing quality of cut problems It also contains a Mower Quality of Cut Checklist for use when troubleshooting quality of cut problems This page intentionally left blank Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Elements of Great Quality of Cut Overview Quality of cut issues are best handled before they happen Two factors largely determine quality of cut proper mower setup and adequate operator instruction This section describes the elements of proper mower setup It also describes the elements mower preparation lawn preparation safety procedures and O Wy a a iY mowing tips the operator should know to use the Hp ESI VE jn D mower safely to get a great quality of cut Y Ligh lee Lg lash ping y uri lp y Y Ligh lye d py 7 y De VID nulo pa FA Figure 2 5300 010 TIF Setup On all mowers proper mower setup consists of doing the following and making any necessary adjustments 1 Inspect for damage scratches dents and for bent or crooked parts Make sure the wheels roll true and the control cables are undamaged Repair Figure 1 5300 012 TIF any problems before continuing We have found that an improperly set up mower can 2 Fill engine with gas and oil 4 cycle or fuel mix start the customer off with a feeling that their new 2 cycle mower is defective and will never be right Once an 3 Check that all grease fittings are greased ope
37. en 1 8 inch 3 1mm and 5 8 inch 15 7mm low in front If the difference is out of this range the mower suspension is either worn or bent Straighten or replace as needed Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch On the cutting units with multiple blades the blades must line up with each other in the same cutting plane This is considered part of blade tracking and is covered under that heading Adjusting Blade Tracking The blade should be a minimum of 1 8 inch 3 1mm above the bottom of the housing If out of tolerance insert a washer or other shim between the spindle housing and mower housing Figure 33 Re measure the blade side to side If now correct remove the spindle housing bolt and re install through the housing shim and spindle Note that the blade tip will move more than the thickness of the shim Figure 34 4017 02 TIF Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 4 9 Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Adjusting Side to Side Level All Cutting Units Measure from the blade tip to the ground on each side On single blade mowers use the same blade tip for both measurements Figure 35 On multiple blade models choose a tip on each blade and mark it so you can refer back to the same one Figure 36 and Figure 37 Figure 37 XL3bS2S TIF 1 Blade side to side 3 Measure here 2 Outside cutting edges Figure 35 XL1bS2S TIF f there is more than a 3 16 inch 4 5mm difference 7 Blade side to side 3 M
38. f the grass height e When the height of cut is changed the lawn takes a couple of weeks to adjust to the new cutting height If the height of cut is increased the grass may droop until it adjusts If the height of cut is decreased the lawn may temporarily look less green and lush Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 2 3 This page intentionally left blank Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Inspecting and Sharpening the Blade Overview This section describes how to remove inspect sharpen balance and install a blade Blade condition is a key factor in quality of cut The blade should always be straight and sharp A sharp blade produces a clean neat cut and helps ensure healthy grass plants A dull blade tears and shreds grass producing a poor quality of cut and damaging the grass plants Note For best performance install a new blade before the cutting season begins During the year file down any small nicks to maintain the cutting edge Removing the Blade Note On walk behind mowers while the blade is attached to the mower move the blade as little as possible to avoid future starting problems 1 Stop the engine and wait for all moving parts to stop 2 Disconnect the wire from the spark plug 3 Walk behind mowers Drain the fuel and oil from the engine Tip the mower on its side air filter up Riding mowers Remove the mower attachment or raise and block the tractor to al
39. floor may cause you hours of work trying to find a problem that isn t there MVC 715X JPG For smaller product a 4 by 8 foot sheet of 3 4 inch plywood laid on the floor may assure you of a relatively flat surface It is rigid enough to give you a good surface to measure from and will serve you for all mowers up to 48 inches wide and with a wheel base less than about 84 inches For larger machines you may need to find a larger level area to verify the blades are at the correct level Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Measuring Blade Level 1 On products with inflatable tires check the tire pressure Tires are commonly over inflated for initial shipment Make certain that the pressure has been lowered to the correct level for operation and that the tires are very close to the same see the Operator s Manual If the range is 10 15 psi do not have some tires at 10 psi and others at 15 psi Keep them near the same pressure Note some products may have different recommended pressure for the front tires and the rear tires Always check the Operator s Manual for the correct pressure Make a simple sketch of the mower housing to use for recording measurements Show the outline of the mower and the blade s Leave a space to write in your measurements Each blade must be measured at the 12 3 6 and 9 o clock positions Figure 14 and Figure 15 Figure 15 Se
40. fter the sun has had an opportunity to dry the grass 2 Keep the engine at full RPM Verify RPM with a tachometer Engine speed should within the manufacturer s recommended speed specified range not lower or higher Walk or drive more slowly Move over and take less than a full width cut Check for grass build up in cutting chamber QUEE ue m Raise the height of cut and cut the lawn Come back a day or two later and re cut to the preferred height 7 Check for a sharp blade Sharpen as instructed in the Operator s Manual Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 8 Check for belt slippage on mowers using a belt in the blade drive system Toro BBC Riding Mowers and Wide Area Mowers 9 Keep the right discharge side of the mower over previously cut grass Specific Quality of Cut Problems and Possible Solutions Following are descriptions of specific quality of cut problems and possible solutions to them If the general troubleshooting procedures previously described do not resolve a quality of cut problem look for the problem and its possible solution s in the following descriptions Blowout 1 If bagging or side discharging look for and remove any restriction to airflow A plugged air exhaust in a bagger for example or a plugged chute when side discharging or bagging 2 Ifthe blade pitch is fairly flat front to rear raise the rear of the mower slightly Note Do the opposite if you are bagging
41. g Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Models with Single Height of Cut Adjustment Lever A typical model with a single height of cut adjustment lever is shown below Figure 25 Figure 25 2001 046 TIF Wheel Does Not Touch Ground This may indicate that either the front or rear axle is bent This can be resolved by identifying and replacing the bent axle An alternate fix would be to shim the affected axle Turn the machine over The front axle is attached to the mower with a bracket on each side In this case go to the side where the front wheel does not touch the ground Remove the cap screws that secure the bracket to the mower housing Insert the shim between the cap and housing and install the cap screws Figure 26 Adjusting Side to Side Level Loosen the engine mounting screws on the side where the blade is low Figure 27 Temporarily insert a washer between the engine and mower housing and re measure the blade If it is now level remove the engine mounting screw and re install through the housing washer and engine Check the level after the bolts are tight Figure 27 MVC 720X JPG Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch Changes in front to rear pitch occur only if the front to rear link is bent Figure 28 or the connections on the ends are worn If the connections at the ends of the link are worn replace them If the pitch is still dramatically out of specif
42. ht edge on two blade saddles Figure 59 It should lie flat If not either the spindle or the housing where the spindle mounts may be bent altbltrk TIF Figure 59 Yet another way to check this with the blades attached is to align the blades two blades at a time on three blade mowers then run a string across the cutting tips of the blades The string should be straight If it is not the blade or spindle could be bent If the saddles or blades do not line up and the spindles are not bent a shim between the spindle housing and the mower housing may help align them Loosen the spindle to mower housing bolts and insert shim washers until the saddles are in line Then if you used washers to shim the spindle housing remove the bolt and reassemble through the washer to secure it Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 300 400 500 Series Garden Tractor Excluding 5xi Series The mower attachments used on these tractors all have the side to side level and the height of cut determined by the rear gage wheels Figure 60 Figure 60 1380 09 TIF Adjusting Side to Side Level If the mower does not cut level side to side check for a worn out gage wheel a bent gage wheel support or improperly tracking blades Finding and correcting that should bring the side to side level back to normal Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch The blade should be 1 8 1 4 inch 3 1 6 3mm lower in front than in the rear If it is not withi
43. ication the front to rear link or one of the axles is bent Replace the damaged parts Figure 26 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut p2260004 JPG Figure 28 mvc 408x jpg Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Riding Mowers Each series of riding mower uses different cutting units with unique suspension systems Because of that look for the type of riding mower you have and read the section that applies IMPORTANT perform all the steps under Checking Blade Level All Mowers before beginning to measure 825 Rear Engine Rider The 825 Rear Engine Rider has no provision for normal adjustment of side to side level or front to rear pitch Figure 29 1222 01 TIF Figure 29 Adjusting Side to Side Level If the mower is more than 1 8 inch 3 1mm off side to side correction is recommended Since this is not a normal adjustment there is a possibility the deck suspension is badly worn or bent Replace the parts as necessary Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch The blade should be 7 16 inch 10 9mm lower when it passes the front of the mower than when it passes the rear This measurement can be between 1 8 inch 3 1mm and 1 2 inch 12 7mm low in front If the difference is out of this range the mower suspension is either worn or bent Straighten or replace as needed Adjusting Blade Tracking The blade should be a minimum of 1 8 inch 3 1mm above the bottom of the housing If out of tolerance
44. ide within 3 16 inch 4 76mm If adjustment is necessary proceed as follows Remove the hairpin cotter and washer from the leveling bracket Figure 72 To level the blades reposition the leveling bracket in a different hole and install the washer and hairpin cotter A front hole lowers the blade height and a rear hole raises its height Adjust both sides as required Figure 72 Z S2S TIF 1 Hairpin cotter and 3 Front hole washer 4 Rear hole 2 Leveling bracket Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch the same distance from the blade to the ground Figure 74 The mower blade should be between 1 16 5 16 inch a 1 6 7 9mm lower in front than in the rear If adjustment is necessary proceed as follows feu WY a 1 To adjust the front to rear blade pitch remove the 1 1 hairpin cotter from the front trunnion yokes and loosen the jam nuts Figure 73 Figure 74 trclevel TIF 1 Measure here An alternate way to check this is to remove the mower housing and turn it over Remove the blades and lay a straight edge on two blade saddles Figure 75 It should lie flat If not either the spindle or the housing where the spindle mounts may be bent Figure 73 Z F2R TIF 1 Front trunnion 3 Jam nut 2 Hairpin cotter 2 Rotate the yokes on the rods to change the adjustment To raise the front of the mower tighten the yokes shorten
45. into the previously cut area 5 3 This page intentionally left blank Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Kits to Improve Quality of Cut This section describes special kits developed to help Cast Deck Height of Cut Notch Repair Kits Toro Recycler Mulch Plug P N 105 1290 Figure 77 fits 21 inch 35cm Super Recyclers built 1995 and newer resolve various quality of cut issues Model 59134 fits Toro 21 inch Recycler Steel Decks Model 59135 fits Toro 21 inch Super Recycler Cast Aluminum Decks These plugs smooth the surface under the deck while adding an additional deflector They fit in the bagging chute and prevent grass accumulation in that space Washout Port Kit P N 95 3282 This kit Figure 76 allows an operator to attach a garden hose to the deck and circulate water under the deck by engaging the blade while the water is running Figure 77 mvc 460 tif This prevents grass buildup under the deck P N 49 4080 Figure 78 fits 21 inch 85cm Rear baggers and Recyclers 1978 through 1994 Figure 76 washout TIF Figure 78 2001 065 TIF 1 Washout fitting 3 Hose 2 Coupling These kits are used to repair cast decks with worn height of cut notches The kits allow the operator to If the underside of the deck is not cleaned after avoid replacing the deck mowing the accumulated grass can dry out and bond l l to the deck Once this happens the hard material must Note These kits do not fit Vacu Power
46. iones de die dia Pedo htt ii aa 3 3 Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level OVCIVISWE sia ib abi a le a edi dle cantidad d d 06 4 1 Walk Behind Mower OvervieW o o o o o ee ee ee eee ee ees 4 1 Ridin MOWE OVEIVIEW sa dtes ace qii d ce e SCR S AAA ha oes dod 4 2 Checking Blade Level All Mowers 2 0 2 0 00 cc rns 4 2 Preparing the Workspace iis said cx ael ween de A SURG De He UN AR SS a e LR CS 4 2 Measuring Blade Level 3e 2m aia a ds A 4 3 Checking and Adjusting Blade Tracking 0 4 4 Walk Behind IVIOWETS 0 acd oe qo ee ode dole o4 ad GERE E ko OEC dedi eae 4 4 RIAING MOWGIS sorceress P RcESPECRIZ IAS SR IER Sq SRM MERE NE S 4 4 AGIUSUNG Blade Level 23 35 4 300 3S x hak 9 BO BRE d Pup RS d en Soa qd adc dob 4 4 Walk BenING IO 4 4 Specifications and Tolerances 0 0c ee ee een 4 4 AG IUSUNG HEIJN ol CUl 32392 31 rn dE wows cere cete adi 4 5 Models with Height of Cut Lever on Each Wheel 4 5 Mechanism Descriptions 0 00 0 e 4 5 Slipping Height of Cut Adjuster 4 4 5 Wheel Does Not Touch Ground 0 00 000 ee 4 6 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut i Table of Contents Adjusting Side to Side Level 0 0 0 0 ce ee es 4 6 Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch 0 0 00 ccc nooo 4 6 Models with Single Height of Cut Adjustment Lever 4 7 Wheel Does Not Touch Ground ces 4 7 Adjusting Side to Side Leve
47. is specification an adjustment is necessary 1 To adjust the front to rear pitch loosen jam nut on front adjustable link Note The 42 inch 106 6cm mower comes with one adjustable link standard although someone could have installed a second one The 48 inch and 52 inch 121 9cm and 132 0cm models have two adjustable links Figure 57 m 3187 Figure 57 260XXF2R TIF 1 Adjustable link 3 Bolt 2 Jam nut 2 Rotate the bolt on front adjustable link s to change the blade pitch To raise the front of the mower shorten the adjustable link by turning bolt clockwise To lower front of mower turn bolt counterclockwise 3 When front to rear pitch is correct tighten jam nut Recheck side to side mower level see Adjusting Side to Side Level with Mower Suspended Blade Tracking All 260 Series On mowers with multiple blades not only do the blades need to be a minimum of 1 8 inch up from the bottom edge of the housing but they must also line up where the tips come together Take the two blade tips and point them towards each other They must be within 1 8 3 16 inch of level with each other or both must be the same distance from the blade to the ground Figure 58 Figure 58 trclevel TIF 1 Measure here Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level An alternate way to check this is to remove the mower housing and turn it over Remove the blades and lay a straig
48. l 0 0 0 cc ee ees 4 7 Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch 0 0 0 0 cee 4 7 FRICUINICNIVIOW CRS aras ind bel ee Sareea d epa td be O oases 4 8 529 Real EngMe RIGET 3 5 25 e ax RERO ob sti Se SOR nied A aR 4 8 Adjusting Side to Side Level 0 0 cee ee ees 4 8 Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch 2 0 0 0 00 ces 4 8 AQIUSUNO Blade IMackiNd isa d e RE ROLL Rui Rede ce e Pe tek d ae ee Se 4 8 SZ INeh Rear ENGINE RIGS uuo Pac a bi d oe Ede Cao SR a PCR o 4 8 Adjusting Side to Side Level nananana aana 4 9 Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch lille 4 9 AGIUSUNG Blade Tracking ux dox E edu EE eke G Boe ew EXE 4 9 AL Series Front Engine Ridel tias d edo UI bad doy ac e odd 4 9 Adjusting Side to Side Level Alll Cutting Units 4 10 Agjusting Frontto Reasr PIG sau Re e RR OC EN RC RC ee 4 11 32 Irnich 61 9cm CUMING UNIT sar diee Pie Ier EE ERA o dos e etta 4 11 38 inch 96 5cm Cutting Unit 0 0 0 ee 4 12 44 inch 111 7cm Cutting Unit 00 0 0 0 eee 4 13 Adjusting Blade Tracking 42 x 3 22 isa RAEE 4 14 32 inch 81 3cm Cutting Unit 2 2 0 oo 4 14 38 and 44 inch 96 5 and 111 7cm Cutting Units 4 15 ZOO Senes Tractor asd tech Sachets dra Bi ee ee GAG Ge ies Baas E ae 4 16 38 inch 96 5cm Mower 2 0 eee es 4 16 Adjusting Side to Side Level 0 0 0 0 ccc ee ees 4 16 Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch liliis
49. low access to the underside of the mower 4 Loosen the blade fastener s The blade fasteners differ from mower to mower Some mowers use a bolt and a lock washer some use a bolt or a nut with a locking patch or locking material in the threads Bolt size varies by mower model and size of blade Always use the proper size wrench to remove the bolt or nut An adjustable wrench can easily open and slip o Grasp the end of the blade using a rag or a thickly padded glove Remove the blade bolt or nut and the other component Figure 3 and Figure 4 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 1 2 Blade bolt Curved washer Blade bolt Lock washer Accelerator Figure 3 3 Blade 4 Spindle shaft Figure 4 4 Blade 5 Blade driver remove1 TIF remove2 TIF Inspecting and Sharpening the Blade Inspecting the Blade Carefully examine the blade for sharpness and wear especially where the flat and curved parts meet Figure 5 The appearance of this part of the blade varies according to the model and type of blade Sand and other abrasive materials can wear away the metal that connects the flat and curved parts of the blade Check the blade before using on the mower If you notice a slot or wear replace the blade Figure 5 bladewear TIF 1 Sail 3 Wear 2 Flat part of blade 4 Slot formed A worn or damaged blade can break and a piece of the blade could be thrown into the operator s or bystan
50. m the mower This term commonly refers to either the discharge chute or the bagging chute on a mower Chute plugging when grass clippings bunch up and clog the discharge chute or the bagging chute Clip rate the number of cutting blade passes over a given distance the mower travels Clip rate is a way to measure how many opportunities the mower blade has to cut an individual blade of grass See the following chart Calculations are based on a 21 inch blade rotating at 3 000 RPM Ground Speed Blade Passes Clips per Foot Moved Forward Clips per Inch Moved Forward Ground Speed MPH Clumping wet grass when the clippings come out of the mower in bunches or piles If the clippings are stuck together moisture is usually the cause The moisture source can be either external rain or dew or internal dry ambient conditions but very lush grass clumpwet TIF Clumping dry grass similar in appearance to wet grass clumping but can occur in very dry conditions The clippings will fall out in bunches but will not be stuck together This may be more accurately termed a windrow where the clippings are not in a continuous row Convertible mowers mowers intended to be converted from side discharging to mulching to bagging These mowers are good at each function but cannot be optimized for all three functions without changes Kits are available for some mowers to add an additional function Cut path the area
51. n lt Throttle Engine RPM 5300 005 TIF Ragged cut grass blades are not cut cleanly or the edge is shattered A cleanly cut grass blade has a small dead area at the tip After a few days a ragged cut looks like a brown or gray haze at the top of the grass raggdcut TIF Rake see Pitch Recycler Toro s patented mulching system Rough terrain terrain uneven enough to affect the quality of cut by causing the mower to bounce excessively ye Y H E 1 f 1 ri lary ley apy IT ur na QUI eG go Ye gla Y FF li ea PII j ury Ap HY ay ul uy put ES TO Y A AY ugy YAY i MAIL BW su b an m Up at lag uy rry Hy if y 7 Mey tiy j FZ N m Wy nA lap qug 1141 Qiy CUP TET ry i Ipod N PEE I PY 1 irib 1245 ylti ur n Hyg DE Y wy eh last Wyte Fe dy r pp te r 0 gH d agg Vp y DIA hu iy DIUI TIAE 1 urdirt fee n y i US Lou Im a us Uy your jg yit oy ry ur m ry M o y mey t ra 27 HV n iba Afr 1 Hr Hi WM yy AA apt e dn yr Jarl y CAT AN t lity I NULL uU utm MA unm trn Lt thy uuu t Hu e id 727 nM IA Anm y duy e id a AD TIN EE nns Hn ey Mp uu INS sts l i pl 117 1 BE OH agg RT vont uy fry ho apti Hy Luis d hp que YO OP nep t un uu ups HCM ay put Urt Hyd Mur i DUE 27 HN Hay Y lagi A Ilzi l 7 yy ii l A cu VAN TL terrain TIF Scalping when the blade cuts the grass at ground level or actually strikes the ground and removes
52. n footprints after some one has walked across it 11 Uv 5300 017 TIF Tall grass grass that is so long that it makes it hard to 1 geo cy E E ug orn a py lis MUN UN yr ollow the 1 3 rule Generally this is grass 6 or more TOME MM oni DT ji l l Ll l My as y lash A Hy apt Ht 1 1 Sus PA l leey pay A May urn try ty Inches Tall a Pp Ing OM y gy unt LL Tih ay mtd PET ua p 1 UV SS Moy zy OL UMEN Wb dup SN v ut uw My Kaip as HU ug se UY CU lial ni Pep t lg H1 l m i d iy inen Thatch the tough fibrous part of the plant similar to a DD SS E rias root that is above ground but growing laterally rather i nN CS MIU than up sometimes combined with grass clippings that ups A NOM EJ d y have not decomposed Some types of grass create Aa at 2 m little thatch others need the thatch to be removed DLL MU A E periodically Vat peto re gg ut MP ug o 9300 061 TIF Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 7 5 Appendices Uncut grass grass left standing after a mower has passed over it This usually refers to grass that is not cut at all as opposed to grass cut longer than the mower s height of cut setting should leave This term can also refer to an area of grass that has not been cut or passed over by a mower 5300 031 TIF Unlevel cut a cut path with an inconsistent height of cut Wet grass grass that is wet to the touch Rain watering or morning dew can be the source of th
53. n specification adjust the rear link Turn the locknut on the link Figure 61 To raise the front of the mower turn the locknut clockwise To lower turn the locknut counterclockwise Figure 61 1 Link 2 345gtF2R TIF Locknut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Adjusting Blade Tracking On mowers with multiple blades not only do the blades need to be a minimum of 1 8 inch up from the bottom edge of the housing but they must also line up where the tips come together Take the two blade tips and point them towards each other They must be within 1 8 3 16 inch of level with each other or both must be the same distance from the blade to the ground Figure 62 1 1 Figure 62 trclevel TIF 1 Measure here Another method is to remove the blades and place a straight edge between the blade saddles Figure 63 They should be in line If they are not loosen the bolts securing the spindle housing to the mower housing Insert shim washers and recheck Once you have the alignment remove the bolt and reinstall through the spindle housing washer and mower housing to secure the shim Figure 63 TIF Yet another way to check this with the blades attached is to align the blades two blades at a time on three blade mowers then run a string across the cutting tips of the blades The string should be straight If it is not the blade or spindle could be bent If the saddles or blades do not line up and the spindles a
54. o the front of the mower and the other to the rear Some of the procedures for checking and adjusting blade level are common to all mowers Some apply to walk behind mowers with a given type of height of cut system Generally each riding mower model has its own specific height of cut side to side and front to rear pitch adjustment procedures If you have a walk behind mower see the following subsections for blade level adjustment procedures Walk Behind Mower Overview e Checking Blade Level All Mowers e Checking and Adjusting Blade Tracking Walk Behind Mowers e Adjusting Blade Level Walk Behind Mowers Models with Height of Cut Lever on Each Wheel Models with Single Height of Cut Adjustment Lever If you have a riding mower see the following subsections for blade level adjustment procedures Riding Mower Overview e Checking Blade Level All Mowers e Adyjusting Blade Level Riding Mowers and subsections specific to adjusting your model Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Walk Behind Mower Overview The method for checking and adjusting blade tracking is the same for all walk behind mowers The method for checking and adjusting the height of cut side to side level and front to rear pitch depends on the height of cut system on the mower There are three height of cut systems used on consumer walk behind mowers For checking and adjusting the height of cut side to side level and front to re
55. ork by deflecting airflow when mowing or bagging leaves Baffle Kits Applications Kit Number Mower Application 85501 42 inch 3 blade Side Discharge Mowers 105 6979 44 inch 3 blade Side Discharge Mowers Recycler Baffles must be removed 68 7210 52 inch Side Discharge Mowers 6 2 Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut This section includes three subsections e Glossary a list of terms used in this manual Special Tools a list of special tools required for the procedures described in this manual e Quality of Cut Checklist a form to copy and use when troubleshooting quality of cut problems Glossary These terms apply to all rotary mowers and provide a common vocabulary about quality of cut issues Accelerator a fan like part mounted next to the blade on some mulching mowers The accelerator creates air turbulence and helps evacuate clippings from the cutting chamber The accelerator also provides support to the middle of the blade mvc 401x jpg Airflow is the movement of air created by the mower blade Air is pulled from under the lower edge of the cutting chamber This flow of air stands the grass up so the blade can cut it The grass clippings are then directed to the discharge opening bag or when mulching down onto the lawn The type and speed of blade shape of the housing and the amount of space for the air to enter and exhaust determine the amount and speed of the air
56. rator gets the idea that the mower is defective it can be very difficult and very time consuming to prove 4 Check that all key hardware blade bolt wheels the machine is performing properly handles etc is tight Customer education is the other part of the quality of 9 Start the engine and check the no load RPM cut formula When a customer begins to use a new Note Engine speed typically increases machine and it performs improperly a complaint can 100 200 RPM during engine break in Set the be the result When the machine is checked engine RPM so that a small increase in no load sometimes no technical problems are found This may speed does not cause it to overspeed indicate the customer is not operating the machine properly for the conditions 6 Operate the drive blade and traction controls gear shift throttle choke engine or blade stop It can be very difficult to convince a customer that a etc to make sure they work properly problem cannot be resolved in the shop but must be resolved instead by a change in operating the mower Initial customer education is critical in preventing this situation If this situation arises after the customer has 8 Blade is sharp balanced and tracks properly taken delivery of the mower a visit to the customer s lawn for demonstration of the problem and the suggested solution may be necessary On riding mowers also do the following and make any necessary adjustments 7 Height of cut HO
57. re not bent a shim between the spindle housing and the mower housing may help align them Loosen the spindle to mower housing bolts and insert shim washers until the saddles are in line Then if you used washers to shim the spindle housing remove the bolt and reassemble through the washer to secure it 5xi Series Tractors Figure 64 0757 01 2 TIF Adjusting Side to Side Level All mower attachments for the 5xi series tractors should be level side to side within about 3 16 inch 4 76mm However the adjustment point for the 60 inch 152 4cm mower is different than the other models 44 48 52 inch 111 7 121 9 132 0cm Mowers Equalize side to side cut by adjusting the two carriage bolts on the gage wheel shaft on the back of the mower Figure 65 Figure 65 5XI S2S1 TIF 1 Carriage bolts Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level 60 inch 152 4cm Mower The mower blades should also be level side to side within about 3 16 inch 4 76mm The adjustment is made on the gage wheels as shown Figure 66 Figure 66 5300 004 TIF 1 Side to side adjustment bolts Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch All the cutting units for this series tractor should be adjusted so that the blade is approximately 1 8 inch 3 1mm lower in front To adjust the pitch turn the adjusting nut on the rear of the mower attachment To raise the front of the mower turn the adjustment nu
58. rod extending out of the front of the adjusting block on the sides of the chassis Figure 40 If the rod length is not 5 8 inch 16mm remove the hairpin cotter and washer from the end of the rod and turn the rod until the 5 8 inch 16mm dimension is obtained Then install the end of the rod into the hole in the mower mount and secure it in place with the washer and hairpin cotter Repeat this process on the other side of the mower Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 16 mm 5 3 in 1 2 CA d Mie Figure 40 XL32pit2 TIF 3 Hairpin cotter and washer 4 Mower mount 1 Adjusting block 2 Long rod 3 Check the front to rear pitch again If the front is still out of specification proceed to step 4 Otherwise recheck the side to side level to ensure it did not change 4 Adjust the front to rear pitch by rotating the special pitch adjusting nuts on both sides of the mower pivot mount Figure 41 Figure 41 2 Bolt and locknut 3 Mower pivot mount XL32pit3 TIF 1 Pitch adjusting nut left A Down to raise mower B Up to lower mower Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level 5 Using a 1 inch wrench or socket slowly rotate the left side adjusting nut down to raise the front of the mower and up to lower it Slowly rotate the right side adjusting nut until both nuts are in the same position Note If the adjusting nut does not stay in position tighten the center bolt and locknut and repe
59. rvice Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut sketch1 TIF sketch2 TIF If the desired height of cut is known make your measurements at this setting If this is not known set the mower in the middle of its height of cut HOC range VERY IMPORTANT When you take the measurements rotate the blade and use the SAME blade tip for measuring Mark the blade with a piece of tape It is not uncommon for there to be a slight difference between the two ends of the same blade If you are working on a multiple blade mower repeat the process with each blade If you are using the measuring tool Figure 16 position the blade tip Then place the tip of the tool under the tip of the blade and press the base of the tool on the floor Read the measurement and note it on your sketch Repeat in all 4 positions a F 7h j 212 Eg cuins aji Haight i 3 4 2 a Figure 16 MVC 725X JPG 4 3 Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level If you don t have the measuring tool use a piece of wood just short enough to fit under the mower housing Wrap one end with tape Place the untaped end on the floor and the tape against the cutting edge of the blade Figure 17 Make a mark in the tape with the blade Measure from the end that was on the floor to the mark you made in the tape and record the measurement on your sketch Cover the marked tape with a fresh piece of tape Repeat this process for each measurement adding another layer of tap
60. ss above the ground you can correct the problem by lowering one of the front wheels Remove the front wheel that is on the ground and its pivot arm Use a round file to elongate the pivot bolt holes upward Figure 23 di The aluminum alloy on cast decks files away quickly Be careful not to elongate the pivot bolt hole excessively Caution Figure 23 MVC 718X JPG Reinstall the pivot and wheel When you reinstall the wheel use the extra clearance to raise it to the position of the other front wheel After reinstalling the wheel and pivot verify that the blade is level side to side Adjusting Side to Side Level If the blade is not level within 1 8 inch 3 1mm side to side the engine will need to be shimmed Loosen the engine mounting screws on the low side of the blade Slip a washer or other shim material between the engine and housing Figure 24 On a 21 inch mower use a shim about half as thick as the distance to be shimmed For instance if the blade is off 1 8 inch 3 1mm use a 1 16 inch 1 5mm shim Re measure the blade If the blade is within 1 8 inch of being level from side to side remove the engine mounting screw and reinstall it through the housing shim and engine MVC 720X JPG Figure 24 Adjusting Front to Rear Pitch Correction of front to rear pitch on a walk behind mower is rarely necessary If the blade pitch is significantly out of specification it is best to replace the mower housin
61. t clockwise To lower the front of the mower turn the nut counterclockwise Figure 67 Figure 67 5XI_F2R TIF 1 Adjusting nut Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Adjusting Transport Blade Pitch Because the attachment lift is used when the PTO drive is engaged blade pitch in transport must be adjusted to extend PTO drive belt life This adjustment also provides for adequate transport height In the transport position the blade tip should be about 1 4 inch 6 3mm lower in front than in the rear If adjustment is necessary proceed as follows 1 Start the tractor lower the attachment lift to take pressure off the adjustment cams Stop the engine and remove the key 2 Loosen the cam nuts and equally rotate the left hand and right hand cams down to raise the front of the mower or up to lower the front of the mower Figure 68 Tighten the nuts Repeat as necessary Figure 68 Right Side of Tractor Shown oXI tran TIF 1 Indicator 2 Adjustment cam 3 Liftarm 4 Pivot point 5 Lowers front of mower 6 Raises front of mower Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Adjusting Blade Tracking On mowers with multiple blades not only do the blades need to be a minimum of 1 8 inch up from the bottom edge of the housing but they must also line up where the tips come together Take the two blade tips and point them towards each other They must be within 1 8 3 16 inch of level with each other or both
62. that the mower covers in one pass Deflector a part designed to change the direction of cut grass A deflector is usually attached to the discharge chute or is a part of the design of the discharge chute Density the number of grass blades in a defined area usually one square foot A lawn that has more grass plants per square foot is refer to as more dense or thicker than a lawn with fewer plants per square foot Disbursement describes how well a mower spreads or disburses the clippings Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Discharge Chute the opening in the mower cutting chamber that allows the cut grass to be discharged from the mower Engine RPM revolutions per minute a measurement of the speed the engine is running Floating deck a mower that is free to follow the terrain separately from the tractor through the use of gage wheels This term is often applied to decks that are actually semi floating flotdeck TIF Gage wheels an adjustable wheel that determines the height of cut The gage wheel is in contact with the ground all the time a full floating mower is cutting gagewh TIF Ground speed the rate at which the mower travels across the ground Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Appendices Halo a noticeable circle of clippings dropped by a mower usually when a mower is stopped halo TIF Height of cut HOC the measurement from the ground to th
63. the blades The string should be straight If it is not Figure 48 the blade or spindle could be bent If the saddles or blades do not line up and the spindles are not bent a shim between the spindle housing and the mower housing may help align them Loosen the spindle to mower housing bolts and insert shim washers until the saddles are in line Figure 50 Then if you used washers to shim the spindle housing remove the bolt and reassemble through the washer to secure it Figure 48 XL2bS2S TIF 1 Blade side to side 3 Measure here 2 Outside cutting edges An alternate way to check this is to remove the mower housing and turn it over Remove both blades and lay a straight edge on both blade saddles Figure 49 It should lie flat If not either the spindle or the housing where the spindle mounts may be bent Figure 50 MVC 732X JPG Figure 49 altbltrk TIF Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 4 15 Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level 260 Series Tractor There are four mower attachments for the 260 series tractors The process for adjusting the 38 inch 96 5cm mower is different from that for adjusting the other mowers and so it is described separately The 42 48 and 52 inch 106 6 121 9 and 132 0cm mowers all require the same leveling process and so they are covered together All four mowers require the same procedure for checking and adjusting blade tracking Figure 52 260 38 1 TIF 1
64. the rods To lower the front of the mower loosen the yokes lengthen the rods 3 After adjusting both trunnion rod yokes evenly secure the yokes with the hairpin cotters Check Figure 75 altbltrk TIF the front to rear pitch again Continue adjusting the yokes until the front blade tip is within Yet another way to check this with the blades attached is to align the blades two blades at a time on three fication ee blade mowers then run a string across the cutting tips 4 When the front to rear blade pitch is correct of the blades The string should be straight If it is not tighten the jam nuts the blade or spindle could be bent 5 Recheck the side to side leveling and correct if If the saddles or blades do not line up and the spindles necessary are not bent a shim between the spindle housing and the mower housing may help align them Loosen the spindle to mower housing bolts and insert shim washers until the saddles are in line Then if you used washers to shim the spindle housing remove the bolt and reassemble through the washer to secure it 6 Ifthe mower required substantial changes check the anti scalp rollers and re adjust if necessary Adjusting Blade Tracking On mowers with multiple blades not only do the blades need to be a minimum of 1 8 inch up from the bottom edge of the housing but they must also line up where the tips come together Take the two blade tips and point them towards each other They m
65. ust be within 1 8 3 16 inch of level with each other or both must be Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut 4 23 24 This page intentionally left blank Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Troubleshooting Quality of Cut This section contains some common complaints along with actions that will normally resolve the complaints described To keep the section brief and easy to use we make no attempt to explain how the suggested action resolves the problem Definitions of the terms used here are in the Glossary in the Appendices of this manual Note that a good quality of cut is achieved by several factors working together Any will fit parts should be replaced with OEM parts before troubleshooting It is difficult to determine if a part meets the original specifications if it is not the original manufacturer s part omall variations can change the performance noticeably Use only OEM parts intended for the machine General Troubleshooting Procedures While many problems with quality of cut require specific actions to resolve there are a few things that are generally common to most problems To avoid duplication these are stated here In most cases these items should be verified before going to more specific suggestions Note A new lawn can exhibit several of the quality of cut problems Most of these will resolve themselves when the lawn begins to thicken to a normal level 1 Cut late in the day a
66. when the tips of the blade are at the 12 o clock and 6 o clock positions from the operator s position The difference between the measurement at the front and the rear will vary with the blade length See the following table for common measurements Note Tolerances in everything including wheels and pivot arms make the blade pitch specification approximate Although the blade should not be level front to rear it should not be tilted excessively If the front to rear difference is within 1 8 inch 3 1mm of the specification the pitch is acceptable Service Dealer s Guide to Great Quality of Cut Checking and Adjusting the Blade Level Blade Length Nominal Front to Rear Pitch Measurement Difference Front to Rear Pitch Blade Length Measurement U S Models Difference 18 inches 0 314 inch Front to Rear Pitch Measurement Difference Blade Length Metric Models Adjusting Height of Cut While measurement procedures are the same for all walk behind mowers the type of suspension or height of cut adjusters on a given mower determine the procedures to use in adjusting the height of cut Models with Height of Cut Lever on Each Wheel Mechanism Descriptions Toro and Lawn Boy have similar systems for individual wheel adjusters A spring arm with a pin to engage a notch is used to determine the height of cut on these models On cast deck models this notch is molded in the deck Figure 19 On steel decks a steel height of

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