INSTALLATION, OPERATING and SERVICE MANUAL
Contents
1. DIL 200 7 7 SOLID FUEL OPERATION me A LU TEMPERATURE SIDE MAKES ON WIRING sumam 00 0 en on gq U RISE GD NSH n m 210 BREAKS TEYPERATLRE RISE CIRCULATOR a 120 SLPPLY R R R R RY ar R MAKES SEE FIELD WIRING DIAGRAM 4 NIRE X 3B AQUASTAT 2 CABLE 2 WIRE X 36 l CABLE 4 WIRE X 48 BURNER CABLE SEE VENT SWITCH WIRING 3 WIRE X 38 AQUASTAT CABLE L7 AUTO DIL ONLY M M Ly AUTO e M M M LF Ly T 269966 aes 1 1 2 2 OD 2500 O ICD OD 0871 9 1 NOTE QUANTITY OF NUMBERED TERMINAL MAY 6 E NOT BE EXACTLY AS SHOWN 0 019 2 2 0 9 9 9 9 9 998808 ee c X gt DNE LO EMEN b due boyd Kp A E was Ait RL RE aE IFES Ae Sales 24 i E TNT SUTTON FT 20 Fog u d Coe en um Ah I SF TE NE 4 REFER TU WOOO ADD ON WIRING DIAGRAM FOR 1 eu pars CONNECTION2. U NIVEMBER 2007 CLOSED WHEN DE ENERGIZEO CALL FOR HEAT OPEN WHEN DE ENERGIZED DUMP HEAT NE BCIBOCIROWIREENG2S1 12007 NI lt gr 4 gi amp a i i PR A RG 6 9 B il ap e 1 Den A ve E 5 sc qz He jr z 22 38 HOLYWSIW 3SvHd 5 2 i E AE SITSVONDISS DNITITIVAY 5 OOY j Eu ASNADHSNVAL VA Y SSH bod 5 INOZ 30 YA OSH E bod SSWADSSNVAL WA LON O s 6 EE paene Vers X a J ay ay an 522 ERZ 352 gell a 5 zi d lt e4re 4 A 4 IE RE MC Karl NET 1 gt 2 d L ZU va 2 TI HE 5 5 d 3 gt LJ r3 r3 0 lt LJ LJ gt t
3. cutoff mixture Motor bearings bind air fan blades dirty or too far back in Poor or excessive Nozzle too far back Over fired lubricate Static pressure in blast tube draft in blast tube Dirty nozzle Pump and motor blast tube too low Pump pressure High stack Burner set too far Defective nozzle shaft misaligned Operating periods too low temperature forward Transformer too short After drip due to Overfired nozzle Flame striking Defective hum Nozzle clogged poor cutoff too large chamber walls Draft control Nozzle too far Oil leaking into Firing periods Fan dirty or loose Vibrating forward chamber too short Operating period Relay hum clapper Wrong spray angle Excess air Nozzle too small too short not seating securely Flame impingement High draft Oil leak at buried tank Insufficient draft Housing out of Primary air velocity or in buried suction Chimney too small Alignment New too great or return line dirty obstructed Housing needed Water in oil Oil pressure too low Thermostat in wrong location setting too high wrong differential Defective radiator vent valves Boiler or furnace too Boiler water level too low The flue draft must be 03 W C to 05 W C If the 05 W C is exceeded a power failure situation could cause a Solid fuel fire to burn out of control BURNING WOOD See pages 10 12 for the best types of wood to burn In order to increase the capac
4. Diagram 19 SHAKER GRATE INSTALLATION PROCEDURE Front Y e Boiler Woter Jacket Ash Pit Door pening Ash Pit Grate Support Boiler Woter Jocket brotes 33 20 GRATE INSTALLATION PROCEDURE Firedoor Boiler Water Jacket opening Front Grate Support Hooked over top inside lip of air chute Rear Grate Support ZITATE Zu Ash door opening Diagram 21 CASTING INSTALLATION Opening to Oil Burner Baffle Retainer 1 on 2 Cast plates 1 2 x 8 x 16 1 2 each side of firebox placed on Baffle Retainer This must be in place when boiler is equiped for burning oil They are shipped as part of the O series package Hook over top inside lip of boiler air chute Rear Grate Support Front Grate Support 4 Grates 34 BAFFLE RETAINER AND BAFFLE INSTALLATION STEP 1 Position first cast baffle in boiler on supports as shown STEP 2 Put baffle retainers in place by sliding one along each edge of the baffle STEP 3 Once one baffle and baffle supports are in place slide second cast baffle into place STEP 4 Inserting stainless steel baffle Slide baffle through the firedoor and position so that the short brake on the steel is closes
5. k DIL E d 4 WIRE X 30 ABUASTAT 42 CABLE eI d 3 WIRE X 36 AGUASTAT CABLE 2 WIRE X 36 AHLASTATFL CABLE m TM L1 L2 LIMIT Hs N AEs Ya 3 OR 4 WIRE X 48 BURNER CABLE RI XU 2 WY N 2 V A U 7 M Y LA M W 7 M y N LJ M VA M M MA Y WYW MA M W BURNER WITH PRE AND POST PURGE MUST HAVE 08 O10 O FROM TERMINAL 3 DO 5 THE CONTROL BOX THE PRE ee a POST PURGE BLRNE POST PURGE POWER WIRE FROM THE BURNER NOTE QUANTITY OF NUMBERED TERMINAL MAY NOT BE EXACTLY AS SHOWN 22 NOVEMBER 2007 HCLEOWIREENG28112007 120 Supply 9 Thermostat Aquastat Relay 120V Supply Dual Aquastat DIAGRAM 10 Electric wiring when Newmac Boiler is used with solid fuel only without thermostat on a gravity system with or without domestic hot water Electric wiring for Newmac Boiler when solid fuel only is used with or without domestic hot water 23 Diagram 11A 22 Ben J m 58 1 gt
6. 5 ZU va U 2 gt au lt Am L mw J x G 2 2 lt N N i a Supe ie gt moa lt WER ZONE 2 THERMOSTAT 1 1 J IN wy ZONE 3 THERMOSTAT ZONE 3 ZONE VALVE N C Re V gt HEATING ZONE CONNECTIONS CONTROL PANEL DUMP ZONE CONNECTIONS Os Dou o a2 U IHAV 38 1 ONY HILVWSIN 3sYHd 3sAyI 07 5 1 0 0 SNI EHTIVelV OOY MEWAOASNVAL VA BSHEIH Y SSA WA SNOZ 30 AVSO VA ISH SSWAOSSNVAL 50 ONILVS VA 033 X3 LON O no meg LP ede aw 5 88 ss asd 458 257 252 EIS ag Bo BERN WER UN pe eee nN CLOSED WHEN DE ENERGIZED CALL FUR HEAT OPEN VHEN DE ENERGIZED DLMP HEAT N C N D NOVEMBER 2007 IREENB2BI 12007 prt 24 Diagram 11B RLULATUR RELAY WIRING YPICAI D
7. EUST 5 N N oO Q F t3 SENE 25 N Diagram 12 WOOD ADD ON WIRING IF 1 EN ADD ON BOILER DROPS BELOW u u STATES NEVE LAGTE 2 HONEYWELL L4081B ABUASTAT 3 HONEYWELL 16006 170 SETPOINT T T MAKES ON THE DIL BOILER W TRING acr ALTERNATE SOLID FUEL a 59 LO TENPERATLRE 200 AMUASTAT CLOSING T T PROVIDES A CALL FOR AT TEMPERATE DIL ARUASTATS dui HEAT OPERATE OTL BURNER BELOW ITS HIGH SIDE BREAKS ON HONE ECL L BOOBA ma 180 R E LIMIT SETPOINT WITH NO CALL F R HEAT T T amp or L40638 1841488 SIDE BREAKS IN CIRCULATOR BREAKS TEMPERATURE RISE L40628 LEOOBA TEMPERATURE RISE d IS OPEN FOR DIL BDILER TU OPERATE ABOVE ITS 120 VOLT SUPPLY Q ab R a 18124 181241 R R w LD LIMIT SETPOINT x sow DRAFT 4 VIRE X ABLASTAT 2 CABLE MAKES 2 WIRE X 38 ABLIASTAT L CABLE FAN VL WIRE X 36 AU
8. Oil line assembly 65524 9 Transformer Allanson 2721 456 10000V 2090002 29 Compression elbow 90 degree 30073 Ignitor Allanson 2275 456 17 5 kV 2090066 31 Nozzle specify gph angle pattern 10 cone 1 35 x 80 R Standard 2100166 AFC 2 65007 2110002 32 Spacer 1 1 3 65008 2110003 Spacer 2 2110022 11 Nozzle adaptor 30038 33 burner mounting gasket 1 8 30018 2080050 12 pipe aluminum specify blast tube length 34 Base assembly including brackets amp nuts 66004 13 Electrode holder 65019 35 Carton complete 14 Electrodes with porcelains 2090010 14A Bus bars specify length 16 Jam Hex nut 30037 Primary Relay Honeywell R8184G 2010002 Honeywell R7184A 2090068 Honeywell R7184B 2090069 when ordering parts always give 1 Model 2 Part Name 3 Part White Rodgers 668 603 2010060 Number 4 Size 5 Quantity Required CAD Cell Honeywell C554A1455 2010006 36 ITEM PART NUMBER BECKETT AFG BURNER AF G8 TIF PARTS LIST No DESCRIPTION BECKETT NEWMAC 1 5877 2090024 Burner Housing Assembly 2 3709 Air Shutter 3 3492 Air Band 4 3493 Escutcheon Plate 8 21844U 2060012 Pump Clean Cut A2EA 6520 51843U Strainer amp Gasket 10 21755U 2090065 Valve Coil Suntec Part No 3713824 7 21877U 2090072 Valve Stem 51573 2090058 Suntec
9. 2 8 x 16 1 4 Castings 5 P N 502000255 Heat Shield Assly Combinations Stainless Steel Baffle amp Supports WMO Switch 1 L4063B1007 Aquastat c w Well or L4081B1112 Oil Burner Package 6 P N 5400025 Cil Burner Combinations Nozzle Grates Grate Support Shaker Handle Ashdoor Air 7 P N 5020007 Deflector Optional Grate Pkg 1 Shaker Grates Grate Support Shaker Handle Ashdoor gor 5020017 Air Deflector Optional Grate Pkg 2 Control Package 1 L4063B1007 Aquastat c w Well or L4081B1112 1 L6007A1029 Aquastat c w Well 9 P N 5020009 1 Filler Valve All 1 Relief Valve 1 Tridicator 1 Zone Valve 10 P N 2190047 J 5 GPM Domestic Hot Water Coil Optional BOILER IDENTIFICATION Boiler Wood Coal O 95 115 140 155 170 following the letters designates the approximate output of the unit in 1 000 s of B T U s on the oil section BTUH BTUH Nozzle Pump Insertion Model Dil Burner Output Input Monarch p s i inches 0 9 F AFC 2 8 99 000 118 490 0 85 80 R 100 5 3 8 0 115 F AFC 2 8 115 000 139 400 1 00 80 R 100 5 3 8 0 140 F AFC 3 8 143 000 174 250 1 25 80 R 100 5 3 8 0 160 3 8 170 000 209 000 1 50 80 R 100 5 3 8 0 155 F AFC 3 8 154 000 188 190 1 35 80 R 100 5 3 8 0 170 F AFC 3 8 170 000 2
10. 264 For the least amount of wood handling the wood with the highest heat content is most desirable An open fireplace can actually refrigerate a house because it sucks in so much cold air which is only partially used for combustion A carefully designed fireplace makes use of perhaps 10 15 of the heat available most still going up the flue The well constructed potbellies get perhaps 20 25 and the automatic draft regulated tightly sealed wood heaters get perhaps 50 Notice that the percentage efficiency goes up as the combustion process becomes more and more controlled The roaring fire is a complete waste of fuel The best situation is one where the combustion chamber if gas tight This allows a controlled fire that toasts the wood and puts the right quality of wood gas in the right place and at the right temperature for optimal combustion and heat transfer THE NEWMAC COMBINATION OIL AND WOOD FURNACE toasts the wood to charcoal and the charcoal burns to dust leaving a minute amount of residue From the above heat values it can be seen that a cord of Hickory wood is equivalent to 248 22 0 30 per litre worth of oil over twice as much as you would pay for a cord of wood Without taking into account all the free wood that is available EFFICIENT WOOD HEATING cuts your heating costs in half 12 Diagram 1 BOILER INSTALLATION ON NON COMBUSTIBLE FLOOR In order for unit to operate at peak efficiency seal between boiler and ash pit
11. 6 ITEM Air Metal Gasket Inside Spacer Outer amp Inner Panel Chute Liner Gasket Assembly New style 2080049 3160433 amp 3160434 Welded Firedoor oid style 4060118 3160323 2080002 2080003 3160366 3160318 8 3160325 Welded Ash Door New style 3160437 2080049 2080021 3160435 amp 3160436 Welded Old style 3160333 2080022 2080021 3160334 3160331 amp 3160332 Welded New style 2080049 3160431 amp 3160432 Welded pecess 600 6 3160348 75060028 2080018 73160387 3160346 8 3160347 Welded 40 11 12 13 14 15 IMPORTANT HOMEOWNER INSTRUCTIONS AN EMERGENCY POWER SWITCH IS REQUIRED BE INSTALLED IN A CONVENIENT LOCATION AT A SAFE DISTANCE FROM THE BURNER THIS SWITCH INTERRUPTS THE ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CIRCUIT TO THE APPLIANCE MAKE SURE YOU ARE AWARE OF ITS LOCATION AND THE OFF POSITION IS CLEARLY MARKED KEEP THE SPACE CLEAR AROUND THE APPLIANCE WITHIN THE SPECIFIED CLEARANCES TO COMBUSTIBLES ENSURE THE SUPPLY OF COMBUSTION AIR TO THE APPLIANCE IS NOT OBSTRUCTED OR CUT OFF MAINTAIN PROPER VENTILATION OF THE APPLIANCE AREA MAINTAIN FREE AIR FLOW THROUGH THE RETURN AIR REGISTERS CONTACT SERVICE PERSONNEL BEFORE REMODELLING CONTACT SERVICE PERSONNEL FOR ANNUAL SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE CONTACT SERVICE PERSONNEL FOR AIR FILTER REPLACEMENT CONTACT SERVICE PERSONNEL BEFORE AND AFTER EXTENDED PERIODS OF APPLIANCE INOPERATION THE BURNER IS FULLY AUTOMATIC
12. NOVEMBER 2007 BCIGOADDONWIRE22112007 PR FOR NEWMAC 160 EQUIPPED WITH HONEYWELL R4222B RELAY 26 REPLACE WITH R4222D amp USE ORY CONTACTS 4 amp 6 TO CONNECT OIL BOILER AQUASTAT T T Diagram 13A The PRESSURE SAFETY RELIEF VALVE shall be connected to the top of the boiler or to a valveless water pipe between adjacent boilers with the spindle Valve vertical if possible SUGGESTED SOLID FUEL ADD ON BOILER To avoid water damage drain pipe of the same size diameter of PIPING FOR ONE ZONE SYSTEM valve outlet must be run to a safe place of disposal and must pitch down from valve No shut off valve shall be installed between the valve and tank or in the drain line Drain pipe must be supported by pipe hangers to relieve strain on valve body TO RADIATION N O Normally Open Valve Opens When Power is OFF 9g EXPANSION TANK 1 Ms e ba AM yes SOLID FUEL FROM EXISTING BOILER RADIATION BOILER CIRCULATOR O lo TO DRAIN TO DRAIN S DRAIN IN FEED WATER N DRAIN 27 PIPING FOR SOLID FUEL ADD ON BOILER WITH TWO OR MORE ZONES EXISTING BOILER TO DRAIN Diagram 13B The PRESSURE SAFETY RELIEF VALVE shall be connected to the top of the boiler or to a valveless water pipe between adjacent boilers with the spindle Valve vertical if possible To avoid water damage drain pipe of the same size diameter of valve outlet must be
13. Pump c w Solenoid Valve 51843U Strainer amp Gasket 21755U Valve Coil Suntec Part No 3713824 Valve Stem Includes 2 O Rings Suntec Part No 3773578 Solenoid Valve Repair Kit Suntec Part No 991375 9 21807 Valve cordset 11 2256 Pump Nozzle Port Fitting 12 5394 Connector Tube Assembly 13 21805U 2020012 PSC Drive Motor 3450 RPM 14 2999U 2090056 Blower Wheel 16A 7456U 2090069 Primary Relay Honeywell R7184B 16B 7457U 2090067 Primary Relay Honeywell R7184P 17 5770 Junction Box Kit 18 51771U 2090064 Electronic 14 000 Volt 20 7006U 2010006 Cad Cell C554A1455B Honeywell 21 3384 3 3 8U Static Plate 22 5153633BK 2090039 Blast Tube c w Welded Flange AFG 7 7 8 2110009 Endcone F6 24 2090022 Electrode Assembly 8 31517 2110015 Ceramic Heat Shield 2110016 Ceramic Heat Shield Holder 3416 2080051 Flange Gasket 51770 2090061 Field Controls AirBoot 5880 2090044 Low Firing Rate Baffle 5941 Adjusting Plate Assy 2100128 Nozzle Delavan 0 85 X 70 A 2100132 Nozzle Delavan 1 00 X 70 A 2100129 Nozzle Delavan 1 25 X 70 A 2100133 Nozzle Delavan 1 35 X 70 A 2100134 Nozzle Delavan 1 50 X 70 A 37 RIELLO F5 BURNER 26 PARTS LIST ITEM PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION RIELLO NEWMAC 10 2090043 O ring pump cover 20 Solenoid Coil 21 2060007 23 25 2010045 Photo cell 26 2010048 Primary control 530 SE C 28 Universal mounting flange 29 2080058 Mounting gasket 33 Manual Air Shutter 3
14. dwelling is not the original purchaser and in multi family dwellings Newmac warrants the pressure vessel against defects in materials and workmanship under a 10 year Limited Warranty subject to the conditions and exceptions listed below and on a prorated basis as follows of the then current retail price Owner Owner Warranty Replacement Protection Charge First full year 100 0 From year one through year two 80 20 From year two through year four 60 40 From year four through year six 50 50 From year six through year eight 40 60 From year eight through year ten 20 80 From year ten and over 0 100 The purchaser must pay all other costs of warranty service including labor costs involving diagnostic calls and or removing servicing and or replacing warranty parts and or warehousing charges and or freight costs All parts are supplied F O B Debert Nova Scotia and the defective parts must be returned freight prepaid for repair and or warranty consideration when requested by Newmac Mfg CONDITIONS This BOILER must be installed with a Dumping Zone This limited warranty refers to the Pressure Vessel only In order for this limited warranty to be effective 1 The BOILER must be installed by a qualified licensed installer and in accordance with Newmac s installation instructions The BOILER must also be installed in accordance with all applicable local states provincial codes and the INSTITUTE BOILER and RADIATIOR or ge
15. implied warranties including the implied warranties of a merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are limited to the duration of the express warranty set forth above Liability for incidental and consequential damages are excluded regardless of the cause Some provinces in Canada and some states in the U S A do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts so the above may not apply to you The expressed warranties made in this warranty are exclusive and may not be altered enlarged or changed by any distributor dealer or any other person whatsoever replacement parts whether new or remanufactured assume as their warranty period on the remaining period of this warranty For routine service requirements contact the dealer who installed the equipment originally or an alternate qualified and registered heating dealer or electrician LIMITED WARRANTY REGISTRATION PLEASE PRINT OR TYPE Owner s Name M RM Address of Installation zen euren tee AC ep Pac e ste ete ans bh e deut uo adu bd en epp IRR MENDES Date f Installations E Deal r s Name run a eve e been ack ie pe oad Covad a Dealer s Address C mS Boiler Serial Ls eos Boilet Mod l No e rete eek er sr Newmac Mfg Inc Box 9 Lancaster Cr Debert NS 1GO 43
16. pit and boiler are then set on this pad We recommend a layer of split firebrick be placed in the bottom as shown in diagram 1 The cracks between the ash pit and boiler should be sealed with a substance such as refractory cement in order to allow the unit to operate at peak efficiency Flue pipe must be a minimum of 26 gauge material Every 90 elbow gives approximately the same resistance as 10 feet of pipe so install as close to the chimney as possible so that a minimum of pipes and elbows may be used This will promote better draft and reduce creosote build up For the combination unit install the oil burner box and oil burner remove the plate and cut square opening in gasket This is illustrated in diagram 3 Install controls draft fan etc as shown in diagram 15 and connect wiring as shown in diagram 7 8 9 10 11A 11B or 12 Suggested piping is illustrated in diagrams 13A 13B 14A amp 14B If boiler is used as a wood boiler alone connect in conventional way For the combination unit the installation must conform with the regulations of the local authorities having jurisdiction with the applicable Electrical Code and with the regulations in C S A Standard B139 B365 and according to N F P A 31 Standards for the Installation of Oil Burning Equipment and the National Electrical Code N F P A 70 Wood storage should conform to local bylaws This unit is not for use in mobile homes This boiler must be connected to a ch
17. zone the thermostat will energize relay 7 direct This action starts the circulating pump which circulates water to the house heating rads If the boiler temperature drops below 160 F the circulator will stop until the heating media catches up After the wood fire has brought the boiler up to temperature or has passed the 170 F mark switch 5 may be placed in the automatic or on position Automatic position allows the oil burner to on if the wood fire because of not being adequately charge permits the water temperature to drop below 170 F While the oil burner is operating relay number 6 is energized interrupting the draft fan maintaining oil burner efficiency When the boiler temperature reaches 170 F the oil burner stops allowing the draft fan to start again to stimulate the wood fire If oil only is to be used for a period of time toggle switch 4 should be moved to off or oil only position If the boiler temperature reaches the temperature setting aquastat 3 the dump valve s valves open to each zone and the circulator starts helping to distribute the excess heat throughout the house The latter should only happen if someone inadvertently overfires the unit OIL With the boiler water temperature below 170 F open the line switch turn toggle switch 4 to OIL ONLY remove the air bleed plug from the pump refer to Diagram attached to pump A Open oil supply valve B Place a container in position
18. 09 100 1 50 80 R 100 5 3 8 Air Air Design Shutter Band Gross Setting Setting Stack BTUH BTUH Nozzle Pump Insertion Model Oil Burner Output Input Delevan p s i inches 0 95 AFG AF81YYHSSS 98 000 118 490 0 85 70 A 100 5 3 8 3 0 0 5 325 0 115 AFG AF81YYHSSS 115 000 139 400 1 00 70 A 100 5 3 8 3 5 0 5 375 0 140 AFG AF81YYHSSS 141 000 174 250 1 25 70 A 100 5 3 8 4 5 0 5 450 0 160 AFG AF81YYHSSS 168 000 209 000 1 50 70 100 5 3 8 8 0 0 5 530 0 155 AFG AF81YYHSSS 152 000 188 190 1 35 70 A 100 5 3 8 5 5 0 5 475 0 170 AFG AF81YYHSSS 168 000 209 100 1 50 70 100 5 3 8 8 0 0 5 530 BTUH BTUH Nozzle Pump Insertion Turbulator Design Output Input Delevan p s i inches Setting u Model Oil Burner 0 9 40 F5 99 000 118 490 10 75 60 W 145 5 3 8 0 5 2 5 325 0 115 40 F5 116 000 139 400 0 85 60 W 145 5 3 8 1 0 1 8 425 40 F5 126 000 153 340 11 00 60 W 145 5 3 8 2 0 2 1 460 0 140 40 F5 141 000 174 250 1 10 60 W 145 5 3 8 2 5 2 6 510 0 155 40 F5 154 000 188 190 11 10 60 W 150 5 3 8 2 5 2 6 510 0 160 40 F5 170 000 209 000 11 25 60 W 145 5 3 8 3 0 2 7 540 0 170 40 F5 170 000 209 100 1 25 60 W 145 5 3 8 3 0 2 7 540 Beckett Low Firing Rate Baffle 3708 no
19. 5 2090041 Capacitor 12 5 Uf 36 Fan C3948974 2090046 Blast Tube Assembly 49 C7001033 2030016 Blast Tube Protector 3007568 Bleeder 3006925 Valve Stem C7001013 Parts Bag 2010034 24V Relay Switching for Riello 38 BC 160 PARTS LIST Description Newmac Part Number Airchute After 1979 4060118 Aquastat Well 2010049 Aquastat Dual 2 required 2010011 Aquastat Single 2010014 Ash Pit Complete 5020005 Boiler Brush 2170010 Boiler Brush Handle 2170011 Brick Cut 1 14 x 4 x 3 5 Box 5110015 Brick Full 2 t x 4 v x 9 10 5110003 Brick Full 2 1 2 x 4 v2 x 9 8 Box 5110002 Brick Split 1 x 4 2 x 9 6 Box 5110006 Bushing 34 x Ve Casing Package c w Boiler Brush 5020006 Cast Front Baffle 2170013 Combustion Chamber 2030001 Control Package 5020009 Door Access 2003 amp After 4160157 Door Ash Complete 2003 amp After 4160319 Door Fire Complete 2003 amp After 4160320 Draft Fan 100 CFM 2040002 Dump Zone Valve 2190007 Gasket Blank Used for Oil Chamber Stack Box amp Draft Pouch Gasket 2080015 2 blanks required 1 Oil chamber 1 Stack Box amp Draft Pouch Gasket Access Door Rope 34 x 53 Only sold in 72 lengths 2080049 Gasket Ashdoor Rope 34 x 60 Only sold in 72 lengths 2080049 G
20. AN OIL OR GAS BOILER ro F ad 504 1 zi 4 4 5 L rn gt gt BURNER WITH PRE AND POST PURGE MUST HAVE THE L N L N 4 4 amp POWER FROM TERMINAL 3 IN THE NEWMAC CONTROL BOX THE PRE AND POST PURGE POWER RELAY 7 WIRE FROM THE BLIRNER 24 V 40 VA 24 V 16 VA HONEYWELL RH2220 RELAY 46 HONEYWELL R4222B OR R42220 NOVEMBER 2007 BCIDOLUNPNLVTREENG28I 2007 PRT HEATING ZONE CONNECTIONS DUMP ZONE VALVE CONNECTIONS Diagram 8 FIELD WIRING BLOCKED VENT SWITCH ABLASTAT 3 2 LINE LD WIRING 1 SOLID FUEL ee HONEYWELL 15006 2 OPERATION 25 LPERATION HONEYWELL 140818 gt h 2 TEMPERATURE LO TEMPERATURE Bae m mekso 180 MAKES ON o D RB TEMPERATURE Qa g TEWPERATIRE RISE Gp 0 TEMPERATURE RISE BREAKS vie BREAKS on 170 2 5 No AND TEMPERATLRE RISE NL No OE Qi ad de
21. FIRED BLOCKED VENT SWITCH MODEL WMO 1 When installed on the oil chamber assembly according to these instructions the manually reset WMO 1 blocked vent switch is designed to shut off power to the oil burner if the hot flue gases in the chimney vent connector pipe back up sufficiently to activate it The WMO 1 switch is required on new Newmac oil fired and combination furnaces or boilers installed in Canada It must be installed by a qualified installer in accordance with the manufacturer s installation instructions Electrical wiring must be in accordance with applicable codes and the Canadian Electrical Code Before leaving the appliance check that the WMO 1 switch and its cover are tightly secured Items supplied with this kit Newmac Part 2040300 Blocked Vent Switch Assembly Model WMO 1 Installation on the Oil Chamber Assembly Fig 1A Newmac combination wood oil or coal oil fired boiler 1 Remove the 5 8 or 7 8 diameter plug or knockout in the oil chamber assembly Drill at least four 9 64 diameter holes in the oil chamber assembly at the locations shown 2 Insert the heat transfer tube assembly 5 into the 5 8 or 7 8 diameter hole Check that the heat transfer tube assembly 5 is sealed against the oil chamber assembly by installing 4 metal screws 7 CAUTION Disconnect the electrical power supply before wiring the WMO 1 assembly 3 See Diagram 8 Using suitable AC90 flexible BX conduit or equivalent wire the WMO 1 swit
22. FURNACES 4 BOILERS INSTALLATION OPERATING and SERVICE MANUAL NEWMAC SOLID FUEL BOILER MODEL BC 160 NEWMAC BOILER OIL SECTION 0 95 115 140 155 170 ALL INSTALLATIONS MUST BE MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH LOCAL amp STATE CODES WHICH MAY DIFFER FROM THE MANUAL HEAD OFFICE MARKETING PRODUCTION WAREHOUSE Newmac Mfg Inc Newmac Mfg Inc DEBERT AIR INDUSTRIAL PARK 430 SPRINGBANK AVE SOUTH LANCASTER CRESCENT P O BOX 545 P O BOX 9 DEBERT WOODSTOCK ONTARIO NOVA SCOTIA BOM 1G0 N4S 7Y5 TEL 902 662 3840 TEL 519 539 6147 FAX 902 662 2581 FAX 519 539 0048 EMAIL newmac ca inter net HOMEPAGE newmacfurnaces com Kee ON 6 p READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS US SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS 2210042 OCTOBER 2008 Subject to change without notice Printed GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS It is the responsibility of the consignee of the unit to examine the package for damage if found to note the same on the carriers bill of lading Package Description Included With Water Jacket c w Doors 1 P N 5020001 Draft Regulator ds 2 P N 5020005 Ashpit c w Door All Box Containing 3 P N 5020006 Casing and Insulation All Tube Brush amp Handle Box Containing Stack Box Stack Gasket Draft Fan amp Wire Harness Control Panel Limit Control Wire Harness 4 P N 5020008 All Box Containing Oil Chamber Attachment amp Burner Wire Harness
23. IN OPERATION ALL ADJUSTMENTS SHOULD BE MADE BY A QUALIFIED TECHNICIAN DO NOT PUSH THE RESET BUTTON MORE THAN ONCE CAUTION DO NOT ATTEMPT TO START THE BURNER WHEN EXCESS OIL HAS ACCUMULATED WHEN THE APPLIANCE IS FULL OF VAPOUR OR WHEN THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER IS VERY HOT CAUTION DO NOT TAMPER WITH THE APPLIANCE OR CONTROLS CALL YOUR SERVICE PERSONNEL DO NOT USE GASOLINE CRANKCASE OIL OR ANY OIL CONTAINING GASOLINE ALWAYS KEEP THE OIL SUPPLY VALVE SHUT OFF IF THE BURNER IS SHUT DOWN FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME DO NOT START THE BURNER UNLESS THE BLOWER ACCESS DOOR IS SECURED IN PLACE NEVER BURN GARBAGE OR PAPER IN THE HEATING SYSTEM AND NEVER LEAVE PAPER OR RAGS AROUND THE APPLIANCE FURNACES ONLY 41 INSTALLER INFORMATION NAME COMPANY INSTALLATION DATE THE HOMEOWNER SHOULD TELEPHONE FOR SERVICE OR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MODEL APPLIANCE INITIAL TEST AND SERVICE INFORMATION Ls mumesuemowsmo oemmemesuemonesuo Ls ozenean HE en o en S numsen Bee Tis umr connoc 71 many shur OFF me CONTROL SHUT OFF TE FAURE 42 BC160 BOILER LIMITED WARRANTY Subject to the following conditions Ne
24. LASTAT CABLE to ze y te Y N z Am A E DIL ONLY J V M an WOOD ONLY NOTE QUANTITY OF NUMBERED TERMINAL MAY NOT BE EXACTLY AS SHOWN LTR AD DAD OIA 065 ALDIA yl s 8 p 200 200000 D OPG 1 HEATING ZONE CONNECTIONS 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 H3 SHS 6 7 8 48 1 9 1 ET CONNECT WIRES PROPER NUMBER TERMINAL STRIP 2 9 019 99 9 pg 1 1 d D quie zane VALVE d doe O j ae p db da QU e 3d E PECORIS UT e a ee T NIC AAT C al pc tent fem as Bat mc peo E E mem lesen EXISTING DIL BOILER AGUASTAT 4 a SA ATS AG DROVE E P0 A UH Od DOT ST a ee 120 V Ned 4 1 T T ABUASTAT RELAY CONTROL 1 1 E 1 i HONEYWELL 3 ES en 12 E WHITE RODGERS 01 5 1 2 1 Lu Lu i gt d O qe OF 2 1 L L 1 d N 4 IF USED 1 y MES 6 Q D eg mar RANSFORMER TRANSFORMER 8001 ER ORT 3 HONEYWELL R8222D BL 1 24 V 40 VA 24 V 18 VA Lu N 2 LN E DIL BURNER 1 je rA leas s TE Lee um a ice el OBSERVE DIL BOILER BLOCKED VENT REGLITREMENTS
25. allowed to accumulate in the ash pit so they in any way impede the flow of combustion air to the fire Excess ash accumulation can cause the fire to go out and also can cause severe damage to the grates because they cannot cool from a flow of air beneath them Ashes MUST be removed daily and put in a metal container with a lid Clinkers can occur in any coal burning unit They are pieces of fused ash that are hard They can become large and therefore cannot be shaken through the grates in a coal furnace When there is an appreciable accumulation the fire will go out because insufficient air is allowed to pass through the clinkers to the burning coal Once clinkers have formed they can be removed only from above the grates This usually means the fire must be allowed to die out before they can be removed Clinker formation can occur from a number of different causes a combination causes Some of these are as follows Too hot a fire too much draft Too shallow a bed of coals Too deep a bed of coals Excess shaking Poking the fire from the top Poor quality coal excess ash content Too little air draft after a long hot fire SAFETY Whenever a loading door is opened it always should be cracked slightly before fully opening to allow oxygen to enter and burn any combustible gases that are present Failure to do this could result in sudden ignition of the unburned gases when the door is opened A boiler never should be fil
26. and ash pit and floor with a material such as refractory cement BOILER Note In order to increase firebox capacity for burning wood do not use the grates Line firebox with firebrick as shown 5 pes 2 1 2 x 4 1 2 x 9 29 pes 1 1 4 4 1 2 x 9 To form firebrick floor in base use the following 15 pes 1 1 4 x 41 2 x 9 amp 5 pcs 1 1 4 x 4 1 2 x 3 F 2 1 2 x 4 1 2 x 9 Firebrick S 1 1 4 4 1 2 x 9 Firebrick 13 Diagram 2 NON COMBUSTIBLE BASE Note This unit is designed and approved to be placed on a non combustible floor This diagram shows how such a typical base can be made if the boiler room has a combustible floor Consult also CMHC Bulletin NHA 5178 78 08 Heating with Wood Safely Also consult local authorities before installing units in rooms with combustible floors Ash Pit 2 1 2 thick firebrick Asbestos Millboard Sheet Metal 9 One layer hollow 4x8x 16 concrete blocks One layer of hollow 4x 8x 16 concrete blocks facing 90 to other row 3 STACK AND OIL CHAMBER INSTALLATION Rear View Top View Side Retainer Set Screw Stack box P N 5020004 Lifting holes Set screws 10 Note Stack box P N 5020004 1 for BC160 a cover plate is installed instead of the chamber box Side retainer 2 BCO series if oil burner Stack box cleanout is
27. asket Coil 2001 amp After 2080044 Gasket Coil Before 2001 2080026 Gasket Draft Pouch Pre cut 2080023 Gasket Firedoor Rope 34 x 71 Only sold 72 lengths 2080049 Gasket Oil Chamber Pre cut 2080025 Gasket Stack Box Pre cut 2080024 Grate Package 5020007 Grate Front Support 4060125 Grate Replacement 4 required 2170007 Handle Cast Shaker 2170006 Liner Side Opening Right amp Left 3030034 Liner Top amp Bottom 3030035 Oil Chamber SS Gasket Replacement All 5020002 Units Prior to 2001 Require 1 Spacer Poker 3080161 Pressure Regulator 2190003 Relay R4222B or equivalent 120 V Coil New 2010016 Relay R4222D or equivalent 120 Old 2010013 Relay R8222D or equivalent 24 V Coil 2010012 Relief Valve 2190004 Rocker Switch 2200258 SS Oil Section Less Burner c w Gaskets Casting Burner Wire amp Aquastat 5020002SS Stack Box Replacement 5020004 Stack Box c w Gasket amp Wiring 5020008 Tankless Coil 4 GPM Before 2001 2190008 Tankless Coil 5 GPM 2001 amp After 2190047 J Transformer Assy 16 VA or equivalent 4050239 Transformer Assy 40 VA 4050240 Tridicator Ye NPT 2190085 User s Manual 2210042 Wire Harness Aquastat 3 Wire 4050190 Wire Harness Aquastat 4 Wire 4050184 Wire Harness Burner 4050191 39 New Style Old Style Door Assembly bc LBOdeorassyi3 L120 prt Iddanrosry L200 prt 1 2 3 4 5
28. c damper Start the appliance The WMO 1 switch should stop the oil burner in less than 10 minutes After the test turn off the appliance and let it cool Remove the blockage from the vent pipe Reset the WMO 1 switch by pushing in the square red button until it clicks Ensure that the appliance is in a safe condition NOORON Maintenance and Cleaning The WMO 1 switch assembly should be checked and cleaned at least once a year and after any time the switch has shut off the burner Cleaning procedure See Figure 1A 1 Switch off the electrical power to the appliance 2 Remove the WMO 1 cover 2 17 6 7 8 9 Remove the two mounting screws holding the control box 4 to the heat transfer tube assembly 5 Using a suitable soft brush or cloth carefully clean any soot from the surface of the thermodisc sensor and the inside of the heat transfer tube assembly 5 Replace the control box 4 and secure with its mounting screws Check that the wiring is in good condition and secure Check that the heat transfer tube assembly 5 is sealed against the oil chamber assembly by tightening the 4 metal screws 7 Replace the cover 2 and tighten the mounting screws 1 10 Check the operation of the WMO 1 switch as described above Cleaning procedure See Figure 1B 6 7 8 9 1 Switch off the electrical power to the appliance Remove the WMO 1 cover 2 Remove the two mounting screws for the th
29. ch in series with the appliance limit circuit Connect at the appliance junction box 4 Check operation of the WMO 1 switch before leaving the appliance WMO 1 switch is reset by pushing the square red button Installation on the Oil Chamber Assembly Fig 1B Newmac combination wood oil or coal oil fired boiler 1 Remove the 5 8 or 7 8 diameter plug or knockout in the oil chamber assembly Remove one of the securing nuts 7 from the tube of the WMO 1 assembly Tighten the remaining nut 5 onto the tube as far as possible 2 Insert the threaded tube end into the 5 8 diameter hole in the oil chamber assembly Install the first securing nut onto the tube on the inside of the oil chamber assembly Tighten securely CAUTION Disconnect the electrical power supply before wiring the WMO 1 assembly 3 See Diagram 8 in the Installation Operating and Service Manual Using suitable AC90 flexible conduit or equivalent wire the WMO 1 switch in series with the appliance limit circuit Connect at the burner junction box 4 Check the operation of the WMO 1 switch before leaving the appliance The WMO 1 switch is reset by pushing the square red button WMO 1 Blocked Vent Switch Check Note take appropriate precautions this test can produce soot smoke and fumes The appliance should not be left unattended during the test 1 With the appliance shut down block the vent pipe at the downstream chimney side of the barometri
30. d shiny Creosote has approximately the same thermal value as fuel oil Not only does it reduce the effective size of the chimney but an accumulation of this material constitutes a serious fire hazard DOES GREEN WOOD CAUSE CREOSOTE Yes Indirectly green wood does cause creosote The exhaust gases cool as they rise up the chimney If the temperature falls below the dew point any moisture contained in these gases will condense on the inside of the chimney absorb the various products of incomplete combustion and form creosote When green wood is burned the exhaust gases carry a high moisture content in addition because of the heat 9 required for evaporation these gases are cooler and likely to condense than would be the case with dry wood Charcoal may be found more readily if the unit is overcharged particularly in milder weather With overcharging too much wood in unit the draft fan will be off a greater percentage of time coals will be formed which will become covered with ash in turn will smother the coals to form charcoal Any coals in the furnace should be stirred before more wood is added to it The preceding is an excerpt from a document prepared by the Nova Scotia Energy Council and the Nova Scotia Research Foundation Corporation CREOSOTE AND CHIMNEY FIRES Wood combustion is never perfectly complete Wood smoke almost always contains some unburned gases and a fog of unburned tar like liquids Some of these material
31. e burned An 8 log may be cut into four six or eight pieces depending on the desired length Splitting the wood greatly facilitates drying and reduces the wood to a more manageable size HOW MUCH MOISTURE IS CONTAINED IN WOOD Many softwoods have a moisture content in the vicinity of 55 per cent when they are freshly cut The popular hardwoods have moisture contents of about 45 per cent Air dried wood has a moisture content of about 15 per cent and kiln dried wood may have a moisture content of less than 10 per cent when it is fresh from the kiln WHAT CAUSES WOOD TO ROT When wood is cut it is very susceptible to the growth of fungi which converts the wood to water carbon dioxide and heat just as a fire does This rotting decreases the wood s energy The fungi are most productive when three conditions are met the temperature is between 60 F and 90 F the wood s moisture content is above 30 per cent and ample oxygen is available Thus wood does not rot appreciably when it is dry in the winter or when it is submerged in the water but it should not be allowed to lie on the ground during the summer HOW CAN THIS ROTTING BE PREVENTED When the wood has been cut into stove wood lengths and split it should be piled outside during the months of June July and August Two poles should be placed on the ground to serve as rails to keep the firewood off the moist ground and the wood should be piled up in such a way that it is well e
32. ergency oil shut off valve should be installed by local ordinance Always keep the valve shut off if the burner is shut down for an extended period of time SERVICE If burner fails to run when the thermostat or other operating control is calling for heat see that the main switch is turned on and that fuses are not blown Be sure there is oil in the supply tank and that the electric service to the building has not been temporarily interrupted Press button on burner control box one time only and if burner still fails to start call the service man A periodic inspection of the burner is recommended Smoke and Soot BURNER TROUBLE SHOOTING Noise mechanical Noise pulsations combustion High oil consumption Insufficient domestic hot water Insufficient air for Oil leaks Fan noise combustion Oil spilled Loose air shutter Improper mixing Poor cutoff on Burner not mounted of oil and air Pressure regulating Securely Lack of air velocity and turbulence Valve Insufficient draft at breeching or over Delayed ignition Improper electrode Too much excess air low Aquastat set too low or needs calibrating Pump gears worn the fire setting Chimney dirty too Transformer small or obstructed defective Poor grade of oil Dirty strainers Grade of oil too heavy Nozzle worn clogged loose insert loose improper gallon rate or spray angle Oi
33. ermodisc temperature sensor 3 Carefully pull the sensor to one side Using a suitable soft brush or cloth carefully clean any soot from the surface of the sensor and the inside of the heat transfer tube Replace the sensor and secure with its mounting screws Check that the wiring is in good condition and secure Check that the heat transfer tube and its securing nuts are tight Replace the cover and tighten the mounting screws 1 0 Check the operation of the WMO 1 switch as described above Troubleshooting If for any reason the WMO 1 switch shuts the appliance down during operation the cause of the shut down should be investigated and corrected before resetting the switch and restarting the appliance The blockage switch is reset by pushing the square red button until it clicks Fig 1A Fig 1B vno lasserhl 1 10122007 prt 7 8 2 10122007 pr 4 CASING INSTALLATION PROCEDURE INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 1 2 Place 30 x 110 piece 12 insulation over top of boiler and down sides Place bottom rear panel 1 in place with inlets through holes in panel Rear extension 8 is placed below 1 1 and 8 may be shipped in one piece Place top rear panel 2 above stack box Fasten side panel extensions 9 to bottom of side panels 3 and 4 Place side panel 3 against boiler and ove
34. imney flue with a minimum inside dimension of 8 x 8 square or 8 round No other appliance should be connected to this chimney flue The chimney must be approved for wood burning appliances Do not use a flue pipe damper with this unit The flue pipe connections must be secured with metal screws and have as few elbows as possible IMPORTANT The Boiler system must include both a dump zone to relieve excess operating capacity and a safety gravity feed zone that operates to reduce excessive boiler temperatures during EMERGENCY POWER FAILURES These two 2 individual operating requirements can be achieved as either a single 1 zone or multiple zones These zones must have the ability to dissipate at least 1096 of the rated boiler capacity The Boiler must be installed on a closed system and must be grounded This Boiler must have corrosion inhibitor in the water and an air separator must be used to eliminate air in the Boiler System NEWMAC MFG INC COMBINATION OIL WOOD amp COAL BOILER OPERATING SEQUENCE See Diagram 7 WOOD COAL When starting a wood fire in the Newmac Boiler turn toggle switch 5 to the OFF or wood only position The dual aquastat 2 set at 180 F will cause the draft fan to operate When the boiler water temperature reaches 180 F it will shut the draft fan off If a zone thermostat calls for heat the zone valve will open and when it is open the auxiliary contacts will make energizing relay 7 In the case of only one
35. installed are intended to withstand an occasional chimney fire without danger of ignition of their surroundings During a chimney fire check the roof and surroundings and possibly wet down critical areas If the chimney may not be up to safety standards one should also keep a close watch on all surfaces near the chimney Some people start chimney fires fairly frequently as a means of chimney cleaning This deters very intense chimney fires and the small ones which do happen are always under a watchfull eye Under some circumstances this practice may be reasonable but generally it is a risky method to keep a chimney clean There is always some danger of a house fire but in addition any chimney fire is wearing on a chimney the high temperatures increase the corrosion rate of metals and the thermal expansion of masonry materials encourage crack formation and growth 11 Chemical chimney cleaners are available Opinions their effectiveness vary but when used regularly and as directed they work and do not damage chimneys The usual chimney cleaning method is the oldest human energy and some kind of mechanical tool A stiff wire brush a heavy chain perhaps in a bag hung with a rope and worked up and down from the top of the chimney and very small brushes have all been used Professional chimney sweeps are also reappearing Some people clean yearly others after every few cords of wood burned but there are so many facto
36. ity of the boiler firebox for burning wood the grates may be removed the base lined with firebrick as shown in diagram 1 and the fire built directly on the firebrick floor of the unit Grates are required when burning coal but wood burns more efficiently without grates Turn the control box toggle switch marked Oil to Automatic and the toggle switch marked Wood Only this will start the combustion air draft fan switch located on the fan itself Place paper and wood kindling in the firebox and ignite it Once the wood begins to burn start the draft fan by turning the switch located on the fan to the position Once a good base fire is established fill the firebox with wood After the water temperature reaches 170 F turn the control box toggle switch marked Wood to Automatic Automatic position allows the oil burner to come on if the wood fire because of not being adequately charged permits the water temperature to drop below 170 F small intense fire is preferable to a large smoldering fire to reduce the buildup of creosote During the initial start turn the draft fan off by means of the COAL BURNING TIPS Burn ONLY anthracite hard coal of the chestnut size Bituminous soft coal is not recommended because it has a high ash and sulphur content which means more cleaning and greater pollution Also bituminous coal produces excessive smoke and an excessive amount of dirt and ash which will plug the heati
37. l pressure too low Dirty chimney Boiler sections not Properly sealed Obstructed suction Line Air in oil line Draft control improperly adjusted or locked in open positiom Voltage drops when burner starts Improper mixing of oil and air by air handling parts lack of turbelence Aquastat contacts dirty Air leaks through Generator or instan taneous coil too small Loose ignitors Boiler Draft control stuck In open position Defective coupling Openings between Smoke pipe joints Burner resting on oil ine for support Nozzle too large overfired Porcelain insulators carbonized Boiler sooted up Storage tank too small After drip due to defective pressure regulating valve Lack of air for Combustion Tank hum anti hum Valve Oil pressure too low or excessively high Improper oil and air Motor insecurely Mounted Insufficient mixing of air and oil High tension leads loose insulation defective or grounded Boiler priming and foaming due to dirty water Coil not submerged in boiler water Building radiation or ducts too small Oil spray defective Lack of primary Breeching reduced in diameter Motor not up to speed Over fired Loose or defective coupling OPERATING Flue Draft Nozzle dirty loose Building heat losses high needs insulation
38. led with excess coal so that the flue gas exit is in any way blocked or impeded Burning coal generates carbon monoxide If the flue gas exit is blocked the carbon monoxide can be forced out of the unit into the room with possible fatal consequences Never burn coal in any unit that does not have an airtight unified chimney system The boiler should be used only with chimney systems that provide a strong reliable draft With the exception of the start up period an ash pit door Never should be left open Do not use an automatic stoker with this boiler NOTICE IMPORTANT THIS BOILER MUST BE INSTALLED ACCORDING TO CSA STANDARD B365 Installation Code for Solid Fuel Burning Appliances and Equipment The solid fuel side of this boiler is designed to burn wood and anthracite coal only Proper flue draft must be maintained to allow combustion gases to flow freely out the chimney FOR SAFE OPERATION Do not use chemical or fluid fire starters Do not attempt to light a fire when there is oil vapor present Minimum flue draft 03 W C Maximum flue draft 05 W C Do not burn garbage manufactured fire logs gasoline naptha or crankcase oil Keep the boiler doors tightly closed except for refueling and cleaning To maintain boiler efficiency and prevent soot fires clean the heat exchanger flue pipes and chimney at the end of each heating season and as frequently as required during the heating season to prevent soot accumulatio
39. mbustion air allowed into the fire box Move this slide plate to the open position that allows sufficient combustion air in for the type of solid fuel you are burning For added efficiency when heating with oil only close the slide plate and adjust your solid fuel thermostat to its lowest temperature setting FURNACE LABEL ILLUSTRATION DRAFT CONTROL OIL ONLY SOLID FUEL CLOSED MINIMUM MAXIMUM For safe operating procedures for solid fuel operation refer to the notice label on the furnace e The furnace room must have adequate air for combustion If the unit is confined space square inch of free air access for every 1 000 BTU must be provided Use suitable for solid fuel which must be kept free of accumulation of soot and ash Accumulations of soot and ash not only create a fire hazard but cause poor efficiency e In case of a soot fire move all thermostats to their lowest setting close the barometric draft regulator and call the fire department OIL BURNER OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS GENERAL CARE This burner is fully automatic All adjustments have been carefully set and should not be changed Keep burner free from excess dirt and moisture Any oil leaks however small should receive immediate attention The oil filter should be cleaned once a year by the service man The motor should be given a few drops of light oil two or three times a year No other parts require lubrication FUEL The supply
40. n To clean boiler tubes open top access door and clean tubes with brush provided The boiler and flue must be in good condition Turn off power to the boiler when cleaning the boiler and flue Do not store fuel or combustible material within the boiler clearances Do not use salt wood driftwood gathered from the seashore To Prevent Damage Do not set the flue draft above 05 W C Do not open the furnace door slide plate damper during normal operation Boilers with grates must have ashes removed daily SPECIAL PROCEDURES Power Failure 1 To control the fire open the slide plate damper in the boiler door THIS DAMPER SHOULD BE CLOSED FOR NORMAL OPERATION 2 Do not load the fire box higher than halfway up the fire box Soot Fire Close all sources of air that can reach the fire through the boiler and draft regulator Be sure the draft fan above the fire door is turned off and the draft fan damper is closed Do not attempt to take the flue pipes down until the fire has been completely extinguished 8 Runaway Fire This can be caused by too high a flue draft or excessive fuelling 1 Close all sources of air to the boiler Be sure draft fan is turned off 2 Set the barometric draft regulator wide open to reduce draft PREPARATION OF WOOD ONCE WOOD AT HOME HOW DO I PREPARE IT FOR BURNING The wood must be cut to length to suit the firebox of the stove furnace or fireplace in which it is to b
41. nerally accepted equivalent standards 2 The BOILER must operate in an environment not contaminated by halogens such as but not limited to fluorine or chlorine or chlorinated hydrocarbons These corrosive chemicals entering the combustion area cause rapid deterioration of inner surfaces leading to heat exchanger failures The BOILER must be maintained and cleaned on an annual basis by qualified personnel Oil filters and nozzles must be changed annually The BOILER must be sized and fired correctly as stated on the label for the residence The label must not have been defaced or removed The BOILER must not be modified from its published design or purpose The BOILER must not have been removed from the original installation site The BOILER must be installed with an Air Separator The BOILER must have corrosion inhibitor in the water The BOILER must be grounded The BOILER must be installed on a closed system 10 Warranty on the boiler when used with a Floor Radiant Heat System will only be valid if tubing with complete OXYGEN BARRIER is used 11 There must be adequate combustion air installed to the BOILER room and in the case of sidewall venting there must be adequate ventilation air in addition to combustion air to prevent depressurization of the home 12 Warranty components may be replaced with reconditioned parts at the discretion of Newmac Mfg 13 Proof of original purchase will be requested under this warranty 14 Proof of failure must be sup
42. ng unit and the flue pipe possibly causing smoke damage or danger of carbon monoxide poisoning Coal is not as easy to burn as wood It requires patience and a very specific and regular procedure of loading shaking adjusting etc If you do not follow the correct procedure the coal fire will go out This can happen in a very short space of time and once the process of extinction has started it is almost impossible to reverse After a coal fire goes out all the coal must be emptied from the boiler and the complete starting process must be repeated The coal burning learning process is often long and frustrating but once the proper procedure is established and followed coal burning becomes a reasonably simple process with the benefits of long burn times and evenness of output over the entire length of burn STARTING UP A NEW FIRE The flue draft must be 05 W C to allow combustion gases to flow freely out the chimney Use paper and dry kindling to start the fire Add small compact pieces of hardwood when the kindling is burning hot Keep the draft slide plate in the ash door fully open to establish a hot fire The ash door may be opened for start up However close the ash door before opening the fire door to prevent smoke from emitting out the fire door opening When a substantial bed of red coals is built up start adding coal small amounts at a time Continue adding small amounts of coal until there is a solid bed of burning coal Do n
43. ot add too much at on time Allow sufficient time between each small loading at least 10 to 15 minutes so that each loading has time to thoroughly ignite before the next load is put in For maximum burning efficiency always fill the furnace to the highest level possible A deep bed of coal always will burn more satisfactorily than a shallow bed Keep the draft fan running until you are sure the fire is continuing to burn hot If the ash door has been opened close it to prevent overfiring which can severely damage the unit LOADING Coal should be added to the fire at least every twelve hours Coal never should be added unless there is a reasonably hot fire If the fire is burning hot and there is a deep bed of coals full loads of coal can be added at any time However if there is not a deep bed of coals it is best to add small amounts of coal at first SHAKING Shaking should be done only with a hot fire Shaking should be done at least once a day but not more than twice a day Best results from shaking will occur if short choppy strokes are used rather than long even strokes The amount of shaking is critical Too little or too much can extinguish a fire due to blocked air flow The proper amount normally occurs when the red coals first start to drop through onto the bed of ashes Be sure that a small amount of ash is left on the grates to protect them from the direct heat of the burning coal MAINTENANCE Ashes never should be
44. pipe this is what the Ashley creosote inhibitor accessory does But the net effect of adding dilution air is not obvious or necessarily beneficial Dilution air will decrease the smoke density but it will also decrease its temperature These effects have opposing influences on creosote formation The National Fire Prevention Association states that dilution air increases chimney deposits In any case the cooling effect of dilution air does decrease the heat transfer through the stove pipe and chimney thus decreasing the system s energy efficiency Creosote formation may also depend on the type of wood burned and on its moisture content Dry hardwoods have a reputation for generating the least creosote but the quantity can still be very large No kind of wood eliminates creosote formation For a given smoke density near a surface the cooler the surface the more creosote will condense on it The phenomenon is very similar to water vapor condensing on the outside of a glass of ice water on a humid day except for an inversion condensation occurs on the inside of a chimney especially when cold air outside makes the inner chimney surface relatively cool A stove pipe chimney outside a house on a cold day will be wet on the inside with creosote including a lot of water virtually all the time A well 10 insulated pre fabricated metal chimney has the least serious creosote problems its insulation helps maintain higher temperatures on its inne
45. plied in writing within 30 days of failure 5 1 All labor freight or diagnostic calls removal and replacement costs and warehousing charges are the responsibility of the purchaser including the return to Debert Nova Scotia of defective parts 2 Defects or damages caused by failure of the refractory chamber improper installation wiring electrical current characteristics accident misuse or abuse fire flood alteration and or misapplication of the product default or delay in performance caused by war government restrictions restraints strikes material or freezing Refractory chamber nozzles etc Defects or damages caused by nozzle failure and or plugging and or oil flow restrictions due to cold oil from outside tanks or misalignment of burner at installation 5 This limited warranty in no way can be considered as a guarantee of workmanship of an installer connected with the installation of the Newmac Oil Fired BOILER or as imposing on Newmac any liability of any nature for unsatisfactory performance as a result of faulty workmanship in the installation which liability is expressly disclaimed 6 This limited warranty will not be applicable if the BOILER is damaged or a result of being improperly serviced or operated 7 Defects or Corrosion due to excess oxygen or electrolysis Bos LIMITATIONS ON WARRANTY Newmac will make no express warranties other than the warranty set forth above
46. r surface and its low heat capacity allows it to warm up very quickly after a fire is started Masonry chimneys frequently accumulate deposits at the beginnings of fires and their interior surfaces take a longer time to warm because the construction is so massive Any type of chimney which runs up the outside of a house is more susceptible to creosote problems than the same type of chimney rising in the houses interior due to the cooling effect of the colder outdoor air on the exterior chimney Average flue gas temperatures can be increased by minimizing the length of stove pipe connecting the stoves to the chimney This of course will also decrease the energy efficiency of the system and its often true that measures which decrease creosote formation also decrease heating efficiency For instance stoves which have energy efficiencies due to their relatively good heat transfer e g the Sevca lange 6303 and double barrel stoves are more likely to have chimney creosote problems precisely because they do such a good job extracting heat from the flue gases Generally creosote is inevitable and must be lived with Any kind of chimney deposit decreases the system s heating efficiency Soot and dried creosote accumulations have a significant insulating effect less of the heat in the flue gases is transferred into a house through dirty stovepipe and chimneys The most annoying problem can be creosote dripping from a stovepipe or chimney and the mos
47. r the ends of panels 1 2 and 8 Insert 1 screw to hold panels 2 amp 3 2 screws to hold panels 1 amp 3 amp 2 screws to hold panels 8 amp 9 Repeat step 4 with side panel 4 Fasten top front panel 5 above access doors to panel 3 with 1 screw and to panel 4 with 1 screw Fasten bottom front panel 6 below fire door with 2 screws into panel 3 and 2 screws into panel 4 Place top panel 7 over top of other panels and fasten in place with screws ITEM DESCRIPTION PART NUMBER QUANTITY 1 amp 8 Bottom Rear Panel 4150038 1 2 Rear Panel Liner Top 4150037 1 3 Right Side Panel 4150029 1 4 Left Side Panel 4150030 1 5 Top Front Panel 4150032 1 6 Bottom Front Panel 4150036 1 7 Top Panel 4150031 1 9 Side Panel Extension 4150033 2 19 Diagram 5 FLUE PIPE CONNECTION a Chimney a Cleanout i Ground Level BOILER Diagram 6 MINIMUM INSTALLATION CLEARANCES Side View Front View 20 Diagram 7 CONTROL PANEL AQUASTAT 1 HONEYWELL L4D81B CUNTR SWITCH 4 SWITCH 5 AQUASTAT 2 HONEYWELL 1408 AQUIASTAT 3 HONEYWELL LGODEA
48. rs influencing creosote build up that such generalizations are not appropriate in most particular cases In new installations or when changes occur such as a different stove the chimney should be checked frequently after 2 weeks then after a month then after another 2 month etc until it is clear how frequently cleaning is needed The preceding is an excerpt from THE WOODBURNERS ENCYCLOPEDIA published by Vermont Crossroads Press Inc December 1976 WOOD IS A SAFE CLEAN AND ECONOMICAL FUEL Species Approx Wt BTU Per Air Equivalent Value 2 Cost at Cost at Cost at Per Cord Dried Cord Heating Oil In Litres 0 25 0 30 0 35 Hickory 3595 30 600 000 827 4 206 85 248 22 289 59 Hard Maple 3075 29 000 000 784 6 196 15 235 38 274 61 Beech 3240 27 800 000 752 4 188 10 225 72 263 34 Red Oak 3240 27 300 000 738 7 184 67 221 61 258 54 Yellow Birch 3000 26 200 000 709 2 177 30 212 76 248 22 Elm 2750 24 500 000 662 8 165 70 198 84 231 98 Soft Maple 2500 24 000 000 649 2 162 30 194 76 227 22 Tamarack 2500 24 000 000 649 2 162 30 194 76 227 22 Cherry 2550 23 500 000 635 5 158 87 190 65 222 42 Ash 2950 22 600 000 611 4 152 85 183 42 213 99 Spruce 2100 18 100 000 490 1 122 52 147 03 171 53 Hemlock 2100 17 900 000 484 1 121 02 145 23 169 43 Aspen 1900 17 700 000 483 2 120 80 144 96 169 12 White Pine 1800 17 700 000 462 8 115 70 138 84 161 98 Basswood 1900 17 000 000 459 6 114 90 137 88 160 86 To change litres to US gal Multiply by
49. run to a safe place of disposal and must ZONE pitch down from valve No shut off valve shall be installed between 1 the and tank the drain line Drain pipe must be supported ZONE by pipe hangers to relieve strain on valve body ZONE 3 Y N O Normally WV Valves Open When IN Power is OFF EXPANSION TANK SOLID FUEL FROM BOILER RADIATION CIRCULATOR DRAIN TO DRAIN N FEED WATER y DRAIN 28 Diagram 14 TYPICAL PIPING ZONING WITH CIRCULATORS 2 ee pipe 1BICZ28 102008 29 14B TYPICAL PIPING ZONING WITH ZONE VALVES N 22 28102002 15 CONTROL LOCATIONS BC 160 Draft Fan X Single Aquastat Over Heat Control Relief Valve Tridicator Dual Aquastat Relay Outlet Diagram 16 Oil Burner BCO 95 115 140 155 160 170 Primary Relay Draft Fan Single Aquastat Relief Valve Over Heat Control Dual Aquastat Control Tridicator Dual Aquastat Control Outlet 3l Diagram 17 Diagram 18 COMBUSTION AIR FLOW C Draft Fan ELECTRODE SETTING FOR AFC SERIES 2nd October 1972 RWS Air Holes AERO ENVIRONMENT LIMITED Air Deflector Firedoor Air Scoop Firedoor BOILER pu3 10 4 Front Grate Support IB Grate Ash Door Baffle ULLI HRG _ Ash Pit 32 Ash Pit Door Openin
50. s usually available and sufficiently high temperatures the same conditions are for the ignition and combustion of any fuel Chimney fires are most likely to occur during a very hot fire as when cardboard or Christmas tree branches are burned or even when a stove burns normal wood but at a higher than normal rate A crackling sound can often be heard at the beginning of a chimney fire As the intensity of the fire rises the stove pipe will sometimes shake violently air will be very forcefully drawn in through the stove and the stove pipe may glow red hot A tall plume of flame and sparks can be seen rising from the top of uncapped chimneys The most effective way to suppress a chimney fire is to limit its air supply although both water and salt are sometimes suggested If a relatively air tight stove is the connected appliance this is easily done by closing the stove s air inlet dampers if all the stove pipe and or chimney joints are tight and if no other appliance is connected to the same flue In a properly designed and maintained chimney the only potential hazard related to chimney fires is ignition of the building s roof or surroundings due to sparks and burning embers coming out of the top of the chimney A spark arresting screen can decrease but not eliminate this possibility but spark screens themselves are often not suitable for use with wood fuel because they can become clogged The chimney itself and the stove pipe when properly
51. s will condense out of the flue gases onto any surface which is not too hot The condensate is usually dark brown or black and has an unpleasant acrid odor It is called creosote If condensed a relatively cool surface such as an exterior stovepipe or chimney the creosote will contain a large amount of water along with the organic compounds and will thus be very fluid Water is usually absent if the condensation occurs on surfaces hotter than 150 F The condensation may then be thick and sticky like tacky paint or tar Creosote may be found almost anywhere in a wood heating system from the top of the chimney to the insides of the boiler itself Creosote which remains in a chimney after its initial formation may later be significantly modified both in physical form and chemical content The water and the more volatile organic compounds tend to evaporate leaving the more tar like substances behind If these are subsequently heated by the flue gases from a hotter fire this usually happens they themselves are further pyrolyzed to the same final solid product that wood is carbon The physical form is usually flaky and often shiny on one side Partially pyrolyzed deposits can have a bubbly appearance The flakes do not adhere strongly to a stove pipe and thus are easy to brush off some of the other forms will not budge even under the action of a stiff wire brush The amount of creosote deposited depends mostly on two factors the density of
52. t dangerous problem is chimney fires during which the creosote or its pyrolyzed residue burns Creosote dripping can usually be eliminated Joints in vertical segments of stovepipe will not leak if at the joints the smaller crimped ends always stick down into the receiving end Smoke will not leak out of the joints due to this direction of overlap Since this is not the usual orientation for stovepipe a double male fitting may be necessary at some point to connect the stovepipe to the stove a prefabricated chimney or a rain cap Special drip proof adapters are available for connecting some sizes of stovepipe to Metalbestos brand pre fabricated chimneys Common types of stove pipe elbows can leak creosote due to their swivel joints rigid and accordion type leakproof elbows are available Horizontal or gently sloping sections of stove pipe should be oriented so their seams are on top Joints between horizontal pipes and or fittings are the most difficult to seal against dripping A good high temperature sealant can sometimes help but is not guarantee The joint must also be snug and well secured with sheet metal screws If all joints are made leak proof then the creosote will generally drip into the stove where when the fire is hot it will be burned Chimney fires occur when the combustible deposits on the inside of a chimney burn The deposits may be raw creosote pyrolyzed creosote or soot Ignition requires adequate oxygen which i
53. t to the front and pointing up Raise the front of the baffle high enough that the edge can be slid under the cast baffle Once the stainless steel baffle is under the edge of the cast baffle continue to push the stainless steel baffle until the bend comes up tight against the front of the cast baffle Note the baffles and retainers may have to be lifted slightly to slide the stainless steel baffle under it 35 FRONT VIEW TOP VIEW FROM FRONT AERO F AFC BURNER PARTS LIST rd Part Name amp Description Number _ nn Part Name amp Description x art 1 housing 65000 17 lock nut 65018 2 Blast tube 8 2001 amp later 2090006 100 8 Electrode assembly 11 to 17 2090001 Blast tube 7 Before 2001 2090003 7 Electrode assembly 2090014 3 Mounting flange Standard 65004 18 AFC end screws 30053 4 Air Band assembly 65518 19 Blast tube screw specify length 5 Motor 20 65062 1 6 1725 98866 2020010 21 Motor screws 30054 Motor 1 8 HP 1725 30044 23 Transformer lock down screw 30063 6 Fan 524 316 65046 24 Transformer hinge screws 30062 7 Flexible metal end coupling B1540 25 Slide Plate 65017 8 Fuel Pump 1725 RPM 27 Air band locking screw 30054 Danfoss 071N1152 2060001 27 Air band locking nut 30001 Suntec A1VA7112 28
54. t used Designation BC 160 was adopted for the oil side of combination oil and solid fuel models with a rated output of at least 160 000 BTU Use air settings as a guide only Set burner air to give a trace of smoke Re adjust burner air to CO reading by 1 to 1 5 96 Take measurements with the burner cover and air duct installed if any See burner manufacturer s instructions for more information If settings differ use those on the appliance label Riello burner insertion is measured without the burner flange gasket installed Beckett and Aero burner insertion is measured with the burner flange gasket installed Oil not heavier than 2 furnace oil Close oil burner supply valve if unit is to be shut down for a prolonged period of time If the unit is installed in an enclosed area boiler room ventilation must be provided for the burner minimum of one square inch for every 1 000 B T U MINIMUM CLEARANCE FROM COMBUSTIBLE SURFACES BC 160 BCO SERIES ONE SIDE 6 inches ONE SIDE 6 inches OTHER SIDE 24 inches OTHER SIDE oil burner 24 inches FRONT 48 inches FRONT 48 inches REAR 24 inches REAR 24 inches FLUE 18 inches FLUE 18 inches FLOOR Non combustible FLOOR Non combustible BOILER INSTALLATION THIS BOILER MUST BE INSTALLED BY A QUALIFIED INSTALLER To insure the boiler is on a level foundation and above any possible dampness a concrete pad is recommended The ash
55. tank should be kept at least one quarter full Outside underground storage tanks if not equipped with a special gauge are gauged by a stick Recommended grade of fuel No 2 Furnace Oil CAUTION 1 Do not use gasoline crankcase or any oil containing gasoline 2 Do not tamper with the unit or controls call the service man 3 Do not attempt to start burner when excess oil has accumulated when the heating unit is full of vapour or when the combustion chamber is very hot 4 Do not burn garbage or paper in heating system and never leave paper or rags around the unit HEATING PLANT Give you heating unit the proper care and attention The use of a boiler as an incinerator is not recommended Heating unit flues should be kept clean for economical operation Dampers are set by installation men and should not be changed Free ventilation must be permanently provided in the room where the burner installation is made CONTROLS The operation of the burner is normally controlled by room thermostat which may be set for any temperature desired usually 20 C 68 F If a higher or lower temperature is desired the indicator should be moved to the proper point on the scale To shut down burner at any time turn main switch to off position SUMMER SHUT DOWN When burner is not to be used during the summer months turn off burner main switch If the heating unit room is damp protect burner against dirt and moisture with light cover SAFETY SHUT OFF An em
56. the smoke and fumes from the fire and the temperature of the surface on which it is condensing Highest smoke densities occur when a large amount of wood in relatively small pieces is added to a hot bed of coals and the air inlet damper is closed Here there is considerable pyrolysis of wood but little combustion and little air to dilute the smoke In practice creosote generation is highest during low power overnight smoldering burns Smoke densities are least when combustion is relatively complete which tends to be the case when the amount of excess air admitted to the wood burner is high Leaky stoves open stoves and fireplaces typically have the least severe creosote problems One way to lower the average smoke density in an airtight stove is to use less wood each time fuel is added and or to use larger pieces of wood in either case the air supply need not be turned down so much in order to limit the heat output and combustion is likely to be more complete Of course if less wood is added stokings must be more frequent A related procedure to limit creosote is to leave the air inlet moderately open after adding wood until the wood is mostly reduced to charcoal and then close the inlet as much as desired This will promote complete combustion during pyrolysis when the creosote compounds are being formed but there will still be a significant heat surge while the gases are burning Extra air can also be added to the flue gases in the stove
57. to be mounted on this side install oil chamber box so burner opening is to this side Cut 9 1 2 X 9 1 2 hole in gasket for BCO series Oil Section Less Burner p EI P N 5020002 H Flame inspection port Includes Oil Chamber Box Combustion Chamber 2 Gaskets Oil burner Oil Chamber Gasket P N 2080015 Combustion Chamber P N 2030001 5 gt Gasket between amp chamber box 1 Oil chamber box P N 3100071 o INSTALLATION PROCEDURE Bottom retainer P N 3080148 Water inlet 1 Install gasket between rear boiler wall and retainer If unit is BCO series cut a hole 9 2 x 9 in gasket to provide passage from oil chamber to boiler use opening in boiler as a guide 2 Place cover plate for BC 160 or oil chamber for BCO series from top of unit between gasket and retainers allowing it to rest on bottom retainer tighten bottom 6 set screws to hold it in place 3 Place gasket and stack box from top of unit between boiler and retainers and position so top of box lip is even with tip of retainers Tighten set screws to hold it in place 4 Install oil burner on studs on side of chamber box with 3 washers and nuts provided 15 SHIELD INSTALLATION Step 1 Slide heat shield on over oil section Step 2 Secure in place at burner side with angle bracket and two screws Step 3 Secure opposite end using hook bracket and two screws 16 OIL
58. to catch foam C Close the line switch and after pure oil is emitted open the line switch and replace bleed plug D Close the line switch and the oil burner should run normally after a few seconds If the unit fails to start check A Power supply B Thermostat and circuit C Correct wiring D Motor thermal switch If the unit starts but goes out on safety check A Oil supply B Ignition electrodes and transformer C Cell If unit goes out on safety do not push the reset button for at least ten minutes Do not push the reset button more than once before correcting the cause Adjust oil burner air control so that a 1 or less smoke is arrived at by means of a smoke test The damper in the wood firedoor must be closed during this procedure If a smoke tester is not available slowly close the air adjustment until the fire becomes smokey Slowly open the air adjustment until there is a small amount of smoke on the flame tips By means of the barometric draft regulator adjust to a 03 draft at the chimney This must be done by means of a draft meter The maximum draft is not to be more than 05 as damage can result to the boiler when used as a gravity unit The test must be made between the flue collar on the boiler and the draft regulator A flue gas analysis should be made and the unit adjusted so that between a 8 and 10 is registered By means of a slide Draft Control above the fire door you can control the amount of co
59. wmac Manufacturing Inc warrants the appliance to the original owner purchaser under normal use and repair against defects in workmanship and materials for a period of one calendar year from the date of original installation This limited warranty does not cover nozzles filters etc that may be contaminated at time of installation The burner controls or any other electrical or mechanical components not manufactured by Newmac are warranted for a period of one year from date of original installation by their respective manufacturers most burners have 3 years On the date of original installation Newmac warrants for a period of ten 10 years to the original purchaser that the pressure vessel will be free from defects in material and workmanship provided however this limited warranty shall apply only to the original installation in a single dwelling unit used without interruption by the purchaser as his or her principal residence This limited warranty is subject to the conditions and exceptions of warranty listed below Under the above limited warranty Newmac Mfg at its option will repair or replace the pressure vessel under the above terms or offer the then current applicable retail price of a pressure vessel towards a new equivalent BOILER Proof of original purchase will be required The limited warranty must be registered within 30 days of installation or the following pro rated warranty Warranty applies Where the owner of the
60. xposed to the sun and the wind The moisture content of the wood will drop until it reaches equilibrium with the ambient weather conditions When the relative humidity is 60 per cent the equilibrium moisture content is about 11 per cent When the wood has reached this equilibrium moisture content it is said to be air dried Around mid August it should be placed under cover so that it will not reabsorb moisture from the rain and snow before it is used WHY THIS CONCERN ABOUT ALLOWING THE WOOD TO DRY Green or wet wood is undesirable for several reasons Green or wet wood tends to mildew and rot which causes a significant reduction of the thermal value When green or wet wood is burned it may take 20 to 25 per cent of the thermal value of the wood heat to evaporate and drive off the moisture that is contained Green wood does not burn easily and in order to keep the fire burning it is often necessary to add a lot of fuel and provide excessive draft thereby decreasing the efficiency of the unit The excess air needed for combustion must be heated and it escapes up the chimney wasting heat that should be used to heat the house WHAT IS CREOSOTE Wood smoke almost always contains some unburned gases and a fog of unburned tar like liquids Some of these materials will condense on the inside of the chimney just as the steam condenses on any cold surface This condensation is a black tacky fluid when first formed When it dries it is flaky an
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