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コナジラミ類および媒介ウイルス病の発生生態と防除対策

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Contents

1.
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4. 1mm
5. Gurr et al 2004
6. 10 0 1g 25C 2
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14. 1992 2005
15. PMMoV PMMoV A 20 14 20 20 0 2
16. Cg7oeospoz7o7ges 1 Adaskaverg J E and Foster H 2000 0ccurrence and management of anthracnose epidemics caused by Colletotrichum Spec1es on tree fruit crops 1n California In Colletotrichum Host Specificity Pathology and Host Pathogen Interractlon Prusky d Freeman S and D
17. PCR 1 Braun etal 2003 Phylogeny and taxonomy of Cladosporium like hyphomycetes including Davidiella gen nov the teleomorph of Cladosporium s str Mycol Progr 2 3 18 2 BEnya J e7 g 2009 First occurrence of leaf mold of tomato caused by race 4 9 and 4 9 11 of Passalora fulva Syn Fulvia fulva In Japan J en Plant Pathol 75 76 79 Flor 1956 Mutations in Flax Rust Induced by Ultraviolet Radiation Science 124 888 889
18. TSWV INSV RIPA RIPA DAS NO 5 10 2 1
19. FEE 1
20. 2 2 2 3 2 3 4 5 6 1 5 5 2 5 3 3 5 4 5 3 6 9 6 5 6 6 7 7 9 b 4 i 6 15 8 4 9 14 13 3 12 10 8 11 6 22 16 13 15 19 13 17 16 13 12 6 29 18 13 15 23 22 12 9 15 10 3 10a
21. aee i 5 Blok W J Lamers J G Termorshunzen A J and Bollen G J 2000 Control of soilborne plant pathogens by incorporating f
22. Habitat manipulation 0260 MM
23. 2 1 Chromatomyia horticola Goureau 1990 2004
24. 2 R NA 2
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26. 10 30 PP NET
27. PM Chromatomyia horticola Goureau 1990
28. Hartwig and Ammon 2002
29. 15mm 1 38 3 2 56 7 3 1 70 2 90 92 8
30. 100
31. 1 RNA 13 7 2 5 1
32. 7Z 4 9 2 2 3a 3
33. 10 1 1g 0 1gyL 3 4 20 87C 25C 2 3 5
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35. 2 m 100m 12 Macleord et a1 2004 5 2000 2001 2005 2004
36. IPM 1993 Kohno et al 2007 2008 2007 2003
37. 5 gt 2009
38. 4 7 10 00 5 0 NO
39. 2009 ON SL CO OM 1992 6 28 26 1992 34 55 Bellows Jr T 8 T M Perring R J Gill and D H Headrick 1994 Description of a species of Bemisia Homoptera Aleyrodidae Ann Entomol Soc Am 87 195 206 2006 B 60 544 546 1999 14 177 187 1999 53 226 282 2005
40. Cf MY MNSV
41. LED 2009 pp196 1983 pp632 1984 pp474 Hampt BE 1990 Serological methods for detection and identification of viral and bacterial plant pathogens a laboratory manual APS press St Paul USA pp389 Dot immunobinding assay DIBA Tissue print immunoblot TPI TYLCV 16 3 PCR pp162 LAMP No
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44. Thomma ez aZ 2005 6 1 6 2
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46. 1 MBTOC 2006 2006 1 4 2 3 4 Dazitol 2009 10 08
47. 2 PCR DNA PCR DNA 1 PCR PCR 8 DNA 5 88
48. 5 2 ECP ECP extra cellular proteins ECPI ECP2 ECP4 ECP5 ECP6 CF ECP Soumpourou et g7 2007 ECP Stergiopoulos et al 2007 AVR ECP 6
49. 5 D D 6 MITC 7 8 9
50. 2009 Cladosporium Passolora Samsoe Jensen 1955
51. 2 5mgL 3 C N 9 OC N 11 4
52. Liriomyza bryoniae Kaltenbach 1999 2000 2004 38 2008 39 2003 2005 Tokumaru and Abe 2005
53. Rhizoctoniza 7z772 Fusarium solani Cezcospozg Pseudocercospora mm 2mm PPenzcillmum
54. 4 2009a Anb1nder I M Reuveni R
55. 8 9 luli 100 80 60 40 ma 5 NN a gt A 20 0 5 7 7 8 9 1 2 a 5 39 1 24C 9 10
56. 1 2 8 3 3 2
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58. 9 2012 PMMoV 1 1972 1 38 209 2 1993 39 48 51 3
59. PCR ote ntino opedoinieegn 3 PSA 50ppm 30ppm 100ppm 50ppm NN 1 RNN Colle
60. 90 80 Saito 2004 PAP 1990 90 LC
61. 2 3cm 30 1g 8cm 30 2g 1 0 5g 3cm 0 75g 3cm 1g 600nm 0 05 0 05
62. 2 7 3 PMMoV 6 PMMoV PMMoV PMMoV PMMovV PMMoV
63. ezz7s7g tabaci Gennadius 1989 B 2004 Q Q
64. Mckinlay 1985 2007 2007 Qpull amp push strategy
65. Liriomyza chinensis Kato Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard Liriomyza trifolii Bureess Liriomyza sativei Blanchard 2001 2004
66. 1D 2 Pseudocercospora fulizgena 1 A B C D Bar20 ml 2005 3 Cooke Cladosporium Cladosporium fulvum Cooke 1883 Ciferri Fulvia fulva Ciferri 1952
67. 4 Frankliniella intonsa 2 8
68. 1 Hartwig and Ammon 2002 Nakamoto and Tsukamoto 2006 2
69. Phytophthora Rhizoctonia Mycosphaerella Fusarium Cylindrocarpon Stemphylium Corynespora Alternaria Plasmodiophora brassicae Pseudoperonospora 10 Peronospora 20 capsici 10 nicotiana 12 porri 7 Albugo macrospora 6 solani 50 Helicobasidium mompa Macrophomina phaseolina Ascochyta 8 Phoma 26 Septoria 17 Phomopsis 11 Phyllosticta 10 oxysporum 50 solani 13 destractans 4 botryosum 4 lycopersici 3 Cercospora 34 Pseudocercospora 5 cassiicola 8 alternata 5 porri 4 solani 4 brassicae 6 brassicicola 4 42 47 7 Pythium Aphanomyces Sclerotium Sclerotinia Pyrenochaeta Botrytis Penicillium Cladosporium Verticillium forma RO f sp Physarum 7 Didymium 3 myriotylum _ 6 ultimum 9 aphanidermatum 13 Puccinia 12 rolfsii 24 epivorum 5 sclerotiorum 28 Asteromella brassicae
70. 3 63C 1 2 4 80C 2 5 1 UV 2 SITDS 1 LAMP PCR 4 1 240 370nm 4 ex 325nm 4 em 515nm 320nm 240 260n m 350 370nm
71. 3 4 4 5 3 lt 4 1 4 6 2 7 8 2001 15 20C 20C 1983
72. 3 5 9 1 5 8 2 5 5 5 2 2 1 2 3
73. R AVR AVR R AVR gene for gene theory FHlor Flor 1936 2004 1992 de Wit AVR 9 R 9 Thomma et al 2005 AVR AVR
74. 2008 1998 2 Minguel et al1 1985 Phacelia 7g7gce777o77g Hickman and Wratten 1996
75. 3 9 2 Encarsia formosa 1991 2 1995b Rrethioceris undus NG
76. 350 PCR RFLP DNA 1 Thrips palmi 1987 1993 40
77. 89 CSL CSL 3 N PzOgs KsO 3 8 2 3 2 CSL 2
78. 1 7 oxysporum f sp conglutinans 7 avenaceum Pythium Phytophthora Cezcospo7g Pseudocercospora 2 4 1 2002 Fusariu
79. 2006 7 2008 4 2007 1 2006 81 753 764 2007 611 17 20 2008 46 230 232 2009 288 294 RNN 1 Passalora fulva
80. 2 Kobayashi et al 2004 1010a 2007 2007 2008
81. 2004 9 7 1 12 103 2007 319998 2009 3
82. 2 2 2 Cf4 2 4 1 1 9 0 2 4 2 4 29 49 4 11 2 4 11 4 9 11 Potentate S S S S S S S S Vetomold CF2 R S R S S R R S R Purdue 135 Cf4 R R S S R S S S S Moneymaker Cf 5 C 5 R R R R R R R R R Ontario 7818 Cf 6 R R R R R R R R R Moneymaker Cf 9 Cf 9 R R R R S S R R S Ontario 7716 Cf 4 Cf 11 R R R R R R S S S a 8S R b 2007 4 9 4 9 11 2008 2 9 0 1962 1970 9 1 4 9 4 9 11 2 9
83. 2004 Saito 2004 1980 983 1998 1999 2004 Saito 2004 2004 IGR 21 2
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85. 14 1 9 2 998 45 191 193 3 Brandseater LO Netland J and Meadow R 1998 Yields weeds pests and soil nitrogen in a white cabbage living mulch system Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 16 291 309 4 Gurr GM Wratten SD and Altieri MA 2004 Ecological engineering for pest management CSIRO Publishing Australia pp232 5 Hartwig NL amp Ammon HU 2002 Cover crops and 1iving mulches Weed Science 50 666 699 6 Hickman JM amp Wratten SD 1996 Use of Phacelia tanacetifolia Strips to enhance biological control of aphids by hoverfry larvae in cereal fields Journal of Economic Entomology 89 4 832 840 7 Hook CR amp ohnson MW 2004 Using undersown clovers as libving mulches effect on yields lepidopterous pest infections and spider densities in a Hawaiian broccoli agroecosystem International Journal of Pest Management 50 2 115 120 8 2000 53 103 104 9 2004
86. 49 198 Horowitz A R I Denholm K Gorman J L Cenis S Kontsedalov and 1 lshaaya 2003 Biotype Q of Bemisia tabaci identified in Tsrael Phytoparasitica 31 94 98 hda H T Kitamura and K Honda 2009 Comparison of egg hatching rate survival rate and development time of the immature stage between B and Q biotypes of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius Homoptera Aleyrodidae on various agricultural crops Appl Entomol Zool 44 267 278 2009 Q 51 75 77 Kakimoto K H Inoue T Yamaguchi S Ueda K Honda and E Yano 2007 Host plant effect on development and reproduction of Bemisia argentitolii Bellows et Perring B tabaci Gennadius B biotype Homoptera Aleyrodidae Appl Entomol Zool 42 63 70 1998a 45 185 189 1998b
87. 2 19 1
88. 33 93 94 1991 33 84 1980 Rostria 32 291 330 2007 51 3 85 40 2004 No 47 156pp 2000 54 359 862 Nauen R N Stumpf and A Elbert 2002 Toxocological and mechanistic studies on neonicotinoid cross resistance in GQ type Bemisia tabaci Hemiptera Aleyrodidae Pest Manag Sci 58 868 875 2009 58 2 72 75 Per
89. lt gt 15 50x25X20 2 2 6 NPK 483 8341 220 TBL 0587 53 2198 FAX 0587 54 3380 6 e mail feuillage_a2z ybb ne jp
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91. IPM he OE 4 Homoptera 1 crawler 2 4 4 77aleurodes vaporariorum Westwood 1974
92. 500 molasses glass silverleaf desmodium Gurr et al 2004 3 beetle bank beetle bank 5 1 2 2 300 1400 Sotherton 1995 heagelow
93. 2009 10 08 5 6 7 3 Soil disinfestation and remediation with microbial function 2008 Biological Soil Disinfestation Blok 2000 Goud 2004
94. PMMoV 3 PMMoV PMMoV PMMoV 1972 2 PMMoV PMMoV 70
95. 40 1 39 67 Takehara T Hanzawa S Funabara M Nakaho K and Nakagawa A 2004 Control of sollborne pathogens using allelopathic plants to lower redox potential of soil Phytopathology 94 S101 2007 73 63 64 2008 No 24 70 81 1995 6 133 134 2004 22 1921 2006 3 21 28 Uematsu S Nishi K and Kita N 2003 Hot water soil sterilization begins in Japan Farming Japan 37 35 41 Uematsu S Tanaka Miwa C Sato R Kobara Y and Sato M 2007 Ethyl alcohol as a promising material of reductive soil disinfestation for controlling root knot nematode and
96. 1 50 1 1 1 3 2008
97. 47 143 152 2005 49 1 10 27 Tokumaru S and Y Abe 2005 Interspecific hybridization between Liriomyza sativae 23 24 25 N 26 Blanchard and L trifolii Burgess Diptera Asgromyzidae Appled Entomology and Zoology 40 551 555 28 2004 46 91 94 29 197 5 3 27 37 45 IPM
98. 7 28 30 19 2008 62 140 143 20 2008 74 269 21 2008 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 73 215 22 1989 36 92 94 23 2002 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 68 201 24 2008 74 328 334 02 2 1
99. 1stPCR AP N1 AP N2 2ndPCR AP N1 AP 7R 80 30 PS 0 3ml 28 C 2 Mag Extractor plant genome DNA 6 1stPCR 2ndPCR 1 5 4 MagExtractor plant genome 1 5 8 ISOPLANT ER to IINK E CTAB 9 12 DNeasy Plant Mini Kit QIAGEN ET 13 16 CTAB 5 2 8 5 K 1 59 13 50nmg 2 6 10 14
100. 10 Nutsedge 11 COE 2 MBTOC 2006 1 50 800 250m 1 Kita et al 2003 Uematsu S et al 2003 2006 2 Katan 1976
101. 54 139 146 2009 10 08 1992 4 1997 9 2005 1 2 2008 UNEP TEAP MBTOC Methy
102. 1990 1990 2004 4 5 1
103. 7 5 g 1L 0 5g 5 87 5g 4 600 mg L 5mgL 6 10 mg L 7 2 8 8 1
104. Solanum lycopersicum Lycopersicon esculentum Nitzany 1975 1 8S pimpinellifolium pimpinellifolium LA121 TYLCV Pilowsky and Cohen 1974 peruvianum ZL peruvianum PI 126935 Pilowsky and Cohen 1990 TY 20 TYLCV Rom et al 1993 S peruvianum ZL peruvizanum TY172 A 1 5S pimpinellifolium L pimpinellifolium 66826 Hirsuto INRA
105. 2003 2000 2009 HP 2 Fusarium oxysporum Verticillium 7 oxysporum
106. Tomato spotted wilt virus TSWV Watermelon silver WSMoV mottlevirus Melon yellow spot virus MYSV Inpatiens necrotic spot virus INSV Iris yellow spot virus IYSV Capsicum chlorosis virus CaCV Chrysanthemum stem a 2 CSNV Necrosis VIrus 1 TSWV Tomato spotted wilt yy
107. 1 1 TTBS 1 Block reagent TTBS 10 Block reagent 1 TTBS 10 Block reagent Block reagent 50g 11700 Cat No 11 096 176 001 10 0 1M 0 15M NaCl GDH7 5 AP POD 2 1 5 TTBS 2 Normal serum 1 5 TTBS 2
108. B Q Q B 4 2 3 Q B 40 ns se TS ns 30 S20 Student s t test lt 0 05 uaent s t tes 05 2 M 0 0001 2 5 7 1 J a 1 2 SE da et al 2009 T1S ns ns x 100 8U Go 20 0 0 01 0 001 3 tJ a ro 3 8S E d
109. i EE a gt 1 IT i _ 6 4 L F L EL E m FP i 1 1 EE 1 Fusarium oxysporum 2 3 4 Pythium ultimum 5 Pythium aphanidermatum 6 Zoc7on g solani Fusarium solanz Pythium 72oc7o77g so7g77 Pythium Fusarium 477e772a77g Cercospora Pseudocercospora Corynespora cassiicola Stemphylium Cylindrocarpon Pyrenochaeta
110. 1972 1990 TSWV TSWV 2 MYSV Melon yellow spot yz7rs MYSV
111. 13 RN 1 1500 I A y C Y T a et J MR 3 No 2 0 4 2 0 ON RW XX XX XX XX XX X gt i a ZD ZD ll lll ER 2 PA N IN 7 8 Pe cue hm 2 1 MM o i vm ce 2 EL ee 90 om SA ro Ms a te WM NM 2 9 L J E a Si lt 1 2
112. DNA RNA DNA RNA DNA RNA DNA RNA DNA 9 AMV CSNV CMV PVX PVY TSWV ToMV 7 RNA RNA TbLCV TYLCV DNA TYLCV RNA DNA LAMP LAMP Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification
113. 34 117 1 2 1 2 25C 14 18 30C 12 13 35C 11 20 25C 27 30C 18 20 25C 82 94 4 3 12 2
114. BLISA BLISA TYLCV ELISA 1 ID lt 2 3 4 5 YY 1 TTBS
115. 6 Schmidt et al1 2007 Hartwig and Ammon 2002 Hook and Johnson 2004
116. A S amp S peruvianum L peruvizanum TYLCV TYLCV TYLCV TYLCV 0 4mm TYLCV
117. 14 8 7 7y 2 2 1 2 6 94 1 7 5 7 7 2 TYLCV TYLCV 2008 TYLCV 7 7y 2 TYLCV 2009b
118. 2007 2 cabbage root fly Brandseater et al 1998 Ryan et al 1980
119. AVR Ponciano et g7 2003 2003 AVR ECP 5 1 AVR 4 AVR 4AVR2 AVR4 AVR4E AVR9 81 AVR Stergiopoulos et g7 2007 AVR
120. NS 10 B 1991 1999 03 NH
121. 2 1 2 25 28C 1 2 C gloeosporioides PCRU
122. 28R 6 37 41 2009 Tomato yellow leaf curl virus B Q 51 81 83 Lee M L and PJ De Barro 2000 Characterization of different biotypes of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius Homoptera Aleyrodidae in South Korea based on 16S rlbosomal RNA sequences Korean J Entomol 30 125 130 1993 47 118 119 1995a 49 111 114 1995b 37 15 16 1991
123. 2013 2 PMMoV CGMMV MNSV 0 MLBVV LBVaV NO BNYVV
124. 1 2008 0 150g 710a 2009
125. 4 1 7 10 2007 82 1267 127 11 2008 33 63 68 12 KobayashiH Miura S and Oyanagi A 2004 Effects of winter barley as a cover crop on the weed begetation in a no tillage soybean Weed Biology and Manasgement 4 195 205 13 Kohno K Takeda M and Hamamura T 2007 Insecticide susceptibility of a generalist predator Labidura 7 g77g Dermaptera Labiduridae Appl Entomo1 Zoo1 42 3 501 505 14 Macleord A Wratten S D Sotherton N W and Thomas M B 2004 Beetle banks asrTefuges for beneficial arthropods in farmland 1ong term changes in predator commun1ties and habitat Agriculture and Forest Entomology 6 147 154 15 2008 9 153 157 16 Mckinlay RG 1985 Effect of undersowing potatoes with grass on potato aphi
126. 424 0057 345 TEL 0543 45 4513 FAX 054383 45 8002 http WWww mokusan or Jp team_h htm E mai green po3 across or jp 71 TEL 0993 72 0229 EAX 0993 72 7994 20kg 425 0065 1280 2 TEL 054 624 2111 FAX 054 623 3834 e mail info yaizufpc or jp 20kg JA 5 1 1 1 0894 72 1500 EAX 0894 72 3119 20kg 4212 60 TEL 029 259 7491 EAX 029 259 7492 imfo madurawing net 9 8 TEL 0155 65 2160 FAX 0155 61 5895 http Www madurawng netnndex html
127. 90C 5 10cm 15Scm 90 10cm
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129. oeze g cingulata Colletotrichum g7oeospor7o7 es PCR 2 1 24C 5 28C 8
130. 6 9 2004 19533 0 60 2008 1975 1999 20C 5 1 5 0 8 8 60C 270 2 25C 1990
131. Blok 1 Biofumigation 198 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation J A Kirkegaard C Biofumigaton Kirkegaard and Sarwar 1998 Sarwar and Kirkegaard 1998 Morra and Kirkegaard 2002 AITCO Brown and Morra 1997 1996 2004 2007
132. PCR Po1ymerase Chain Reaction LAMP PCR TYLCV DNA 2009 10 18 LAMP 0 2mL PCR 200 L 1000 zL 60 65C 80C UV lt gt 1 2 1 5 10 4 6l 23 46 0 2g1 1l 2 0 2l 1 l 2 l 5 25 50 1 2
133. cryptic spectes species complex Perring 2001 8 1980 168S rRNA 1996 Lee and De Barro 2000 1989 B
134. 2004 Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard 58 13 19 4 2000 Liriomyza sativae Blanchard 54 142 147 5 2008 PR 6 1995 39 1 47 49 7 1997 95 96 8 2004 48 6 86 89 9 2001 47 108 111 10 2007
135. 2007 Uematsu 2007 1 Kobara et al 2007 2008 2008 90vVy 360 kL 50 60 1vv 100L m 60 000 770a
136. TMMMV TuSV A 1 Tobamovirus Carmovirus Carmovirus Necrovirus Necrovirus Ophiovirus Varicosavirus Bymovirus Furovirus Benyvirus Pomovirus a TMV ToMV PMMoV CGMMV MNSV PSNV LNV TNV MLBVV TMMMV Lettuce ring necrosis virus LRNV TuSV LBVaV BaMMV BaYMV RNMV
137. 17 1992 Dematiaeous Hyphomycetes Ellis MB 1971 Commonwealth Mycological Institute CMTD UK The Coelomycetes Sutton BC 1980 CMI UK 1990 1984 Key Pythium
138. 3 7 7 7 2 7y 2 LA2779 7y 2a LA1932 DNA P6 25 S habrochaites L hirsutum LAS386 902 LA386 LA1777 H24 B6013 1 2 3 11 cheesmaniae L cheesmanii LA1401 Pilowsky and Cohen 1974 Kasrawl 1989 Kasrawi et al 1998 Chague et al 1997 Rom et al 1993 Pilowsky and Cohen 1990 Friedmann et al 1998 Lapidot et al 1997 Anbinder et al 2009 Zamir et al 1994 lietal 2009 lietal 2007b lietal 2007a Hassan et al 1984 Vidavsky and Czosnek 1998 Hanson et al 2000 Hassan et al 1984 A Friedmann et al 1998 Lapidot et al 1
139. 360nm 370nm 380nm 2008 2000 50 C 2001
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141. RE ER 96 4 PMMoV a Turky 1 b 3 2 7 2 9 C 200 liter m 5
142. RSD 2009 10 08 1999 2000 2004 1 2 40 35 1 2004 2004 2004 2002 2006 2007 Okazaki and Nose 1986 2002 2005 2007
143. 2 1 5 1 3 2 3 15 3 135g 15g 4 1 2 1 30 60mgN
144. M 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 5 APN1 Apr7 M 200bp 1 lt 8 9 lt 16 2 PCR PCR DNA PCR 5 O PS 50ppm nested PCR
145. 1710 000A 3t 10a S0ml 25 C 2007 2008 2005 4vezz szeosg 2008 1978 NN oxysporum T sp 7gpg7 1988 1982 1993 1984 4
146. 3 Thrips tabaci 10C 6 8 10
147. H21 152 1 1 H18 20
148. 0 10 H PD L 0 9 6 oO nl a 9 0 CE Pe M MK 0 ey 1 5 4 3 p nitrophenyl phosphatet p nitrophenyl phosphatet 405nm 0 1 ELISA 1710 1750 ELISA 1 20 AMV CSN
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151. LED 450nm lt gt A Mn Mn gt Mg V PCR LAMP DNA LAMP
152. 8 1 103 2009b 8 2 in press Vidavsky F and H Czosnek 1998 Tomato breeding lines resistant and tolerant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus issued from Lycopersicon hirsutum Phytopathology 88 9 910 914 Lamir D I Ekstein Michelson Y Zakay N Navot M Zeidan M Sarfatti Y Eshed E Harel T Pleban H van Oss N Kedar H D Rabinowitch and H Czosnek 1994 Mapping and introgression of a tomato yellow leaf curl virus tolerance gene TY 1 Theor Appl Genet 88 2 141 146 IPM ST 4 1 2mm TSWV
153. 2 2 2 562 1988 TMV P 34 25 29 2007 2003 69 334 2003 PMMoV 50 29 32 Honda Y Ohki T Mikoshiba Y Kobayashi Y O 2004 Traial for inactvation of soll borne tobamoviruses by soll sterilnzation with hot water in plastic film house Proceedings of the 15th International Plant Protection Congress in Beijing p 695 Peppe7 mild mottle virus
154. ABMV MiLBV BBWV TuMV PVX X CyMV PVX Y CarMV TMV OM CVB B ToMV LSV PMMoV INSV TMV W ORSVW CMV TSWV TRSV ASGV BAPV SDV GEV 92
155. 2004 70 238 Pares R D Gunn L V 1989 The role of non vectored soil transmission as a primary SOUTCe of infection by pepper mild mottle and cucumber mosaic Viruses In glasshouse grown capsicum in Australia J Phytopathol 126 353 360 24 25 26 27 28 29 A 2004 73 673 677 1984 38 316 320 1981 44 394 1983 TMV 58 1158 1162 2002 2 49 39 41
156. 5 1 2 8 3 h 5 30 0 0 6 6 10 13 7 6 4 44 6 20 7 4 75 3 aa 8 4 65 63 5 3 0 6 2 0 8 3 40cm rn i ee ei
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158. 2009 10 08 Okazaki H and Nose K 1986 Acetic acid and n butyric acid as causal agents of fungicidal activity of gJucose amended flooded soil Ann Phytopathol Sac Jpn 52 384 393 2008 62 90 95 Sarwar M and Kirkegaard J A 1998 Biofumigation potential of brassicas II Effect of environment and ontogeny on glucosinolate production and implications for screening Plant and soll 201 91 101 2006 17 43 44 Shennan C Muramoto J Bolda M Koike S T Daugovish 0 Rosskopf E Kokalis Burelle N and Klonsky K 2007 Optimizing anaerobic soil disinfestation an alternatve to soil fumigation Proceedings of 2007 Annual International Research Conference on Methyl Bromnde Alternatives and Bmissions Reductons 40 1 40 4 1999 65 352 2004 22 2 12 2007 3
159. Saito 2004 2004 4mm 6mm A NA A RNN SR
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162. A EO EN A 1997 A SN A A a NN 1 1953 20 397 403 2 2004 23 54 58 3
163. Enya et al 2009 Hida et 7 2010 6 5 5
164. NPK 1 NFT DFT 138mm NPK N PsOg KsO 5 2 8
165. M 490 1414 1 37 TEL O567 52 2401 FAX O567 52 0597 SN http www gfm co NSRN6D6 html 1 15 50g 10g 1 150 170mg L 10mg 1 Oo O AE RS 1 2
166. Frankliniella occidentalis 1990 200 1 5 mm 1 20C 20 150 300 45C 35
167. TYLCV TYLCV TYLCV 2 Tobacco 1eaf curl Japan virus TbLCJV TYLCV TYLCV TYLCV PCR 1 2
168. 82 6 677 682 25 2007 58 99 105 26 2007 3 30 33 27 Ryan J Ryan MF and McNaeidhe F 1980 The effects of interrow plant cover on population of the cabbage root fly Delia zgss7cge Wiedemann Journal of Applied Ecology 17 31 40 28 Schmidt NP 0 enal ME and Singer JW 2007 Alfalfa 1iving mulch advances biological control of soybean aphid Environmental Entomology 36 2 416 424 29 2008 77 395 402 30 Sotherton NW 1995 Beetle banks Helping nature to control pests Pesticide Outlook December 13 17 31 2008 5 72 777 32 2009
169. 1 2 1 3 0 05 8 0 1 1 2
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171. 58 121 123 11 2003 2 27 39 12 2005 4 1 14 13 1999 50 169 172 14 2001 55 293 297 15 2005 2 13 21 16 2009 52 5 9 17 Saito T 2004 Insecticide susceptibility of THE leafminer Chromatomyia horticola Goureau Diptera Agrom
172. 2007 0 4mm 50C 1mm 6 0 8mm 0 0 8mm 0 6emm 2007 2003 2005 2 UV 360nm
173. JpL Nauru 4 JpL Nauru B Q 4 Q 2009 5 B Q 30 88 1992 30 64 2009 19 40 1 1 Q 2009 Compositae Chrysanthemum morifolium Romat Lactuca sativa L Capita Callistephus chinensis Nees ge Sonchus oleracceus L se Sohdago altissima L SR Helianthus annuus TLL TD Lactuca laciniata Makino 4 Erigeron sumatrensis Retz e Ge
174. Alternaria alternata ez7o777z777 Fusarium oxyYsporum Fusarium semitectum Cladosporium Z8Z7zopgs 33 Alternaria alternata 34 Penicilllium 35 Fusarium semitectum 36 Cladosporium 3 1 70 1 Na WA 80 2008
175. 26 Fusar ium avenaceum 27 oxysporum 28 so g7 29 30 oma 31 Phoma 32 Pmoma ingam Phoma Ascochyta 100 200pum Septoriza 100 200um Phomopszs 100 200um Phyllosticta 100 200um Pyrenochaeta Cercospora Pseudocercospora Cladosporium cucumerinum Corynespora cgss77co g Stemphylium
176. I 11 i MEA OC A NG RA Rs 2004 2004 8 11 TYLCV 10 15 2005 TYLCV
177. http 7 vegetea naro affrc go p oho nndex html 1 2 A 1 Tomato yellow 1eaf curl virus TYLCV B Q 1 1996 2009 1 34 TYLCV
178. N PzsOgs Ks0 2 5 6 4 2 2 35 KsO 1g 0 4g 100gL 3ml NPK 2 3 2 2
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182. A 7 7 1 PMMoV 20 50 PMMoV 80 0 14 4 2
183. sollborne plant diseases Proceedings of 2007 Annual International Research Conference on Methyl Bromide Alternatives and Emnssions Reductons 75 1 75 3 2005 74 180 2006 3 43 48 1
184. WYMV SBWMV BNYVV Beat so o 77e mosaic virus BSBMV PMTV a 1 TMV PMMoV CGMMV MLBVV LBVaV BNYVV TMMMV TuSV Opidium Polymyxa D D
185. from green Depper fields Plant Dis SS 650 656 Rast A T B 1988 Pepper tobamoviruses and pathotypes used in resistance breeding Capsicum Newsletter 7 20 23 Tsuda S Kirita M Watanabe Y 1998 Characterization of a pepper mild mottle tobamovirus strain capable of overcoming the DD gene mediated resistance distinct from the resistance breaking Italian isolate Mol Plant Microbe Intract 11 327 331 Genda Y Kanda A Hamada H Sato K Ohnishi J Tsuda S 2007 Two Amino Acid Substitutions in the Coat Protein of Pepper Mild Mottle Virus Are Responsible for Overcoming the L Gene Mediated Resistance in Capsicum SDD Phytopathology 97 789 793 1997 27 79 122 1984 50 221 228 1987 C 1421 53 168 174 1986 TMV P
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187. 100 a 100 a 29 b 7 c 0 0 0 c 0 b 0 c 0 c 0 0 31 bc 75 a 100 a 100 a 75 56 ab 79 a 100 a 80b 100 100 a 100 a 93 a 92 ab 83 90 a 4 4 8 b 1 1 c 3 d 6 e Duncan s multiple range test P 0 05 3 11 1 29 2 7 9
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189. 1992 1995 MYSV MYSV
190. Phytophthora y 7z77 Aphanomyces Phytophthora Pythium 4pZg7o77yces Pythium Aphanomyces Phytophthora Pythium yop o7g Pythium Aphanomyces Choanephora cucurbitarum Berkeley amp Ravenel Thaxter Rhizopus stolonifer Ehrenberg Fries Vuil
191. 2 1 6 PMMoV 4 4B19 7
192. pezzr7g7 7 peruvianum habrochaites ZL hzrsutum Channarayappa et al 1992 a 3 30 7 7y 2 7y 2a DNA JB 1 P rez de Castro et al 2007 TGO302 Garcia et al 2007 P6 25 Ji et al 2 2007a DNA
193. 2 8 10mg L 100 400mgL 2 185g 15g 3 1 12 1 4 0 4g 1 2mgN 2 3 4 0 8g 1 4mgN 4 5 1 1
194. 5 Stover 1953 1954 1956 Fusarium oxysporum f sp cubense 1966 1999 2009 10 08 1968 1974 2006 Ebihara 2009 1999 2006 2004
195. Rty Azur Hirsuto INRA 7yc RAPD 6 7 7 S peruvianum L peruvianum LA385 TY 20 PI 126935 M60 PI 126935 TY172 5 3 77 gt 5 4 1 7 9 11 S chilense L chilense LA1969 WAZ Y ATCT 1 1992 7y 7 6 2 3 7
196. SR DAS ELSIA 0 2 29 0 059 Tween 20 90 6 a i PMMoV PMMoV A Aos 0 1 0 1 1 5
197. 1989 B 1999 Q Nauen et al 2002 Horowitz et al 2003 GQ Q
198. 1994 1998ab 2000 1mm 1992 TYLCV ER NL Oj 80 0 4mm RI WI BR
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200. 50mg gt 3 4 7 8 11 12 15 16 50mg 50mg 834 Pi 5 WEUNOODD dB arker PS 4 6 DNA PCR N MagExtractor Dlant genome PS 80 2 Nested P CR 30 28 7 PCR 3 1 2 2 9 gt ot RE 1 2 3 4 6 bc 0 b 0 c 0 c 0 0 2 44 bc 38 b 0 c 0 c 0 0
201. Passalora Passalora fulva Braun et g 2003 Passalora fulva 100 Cladosporium fulvum synonym Passalora fulva Passalora fulva Cooke Braun syn Cladosporium fulvum Cooke 4 gene for gene 5 24 6 1 Lindhout et g7 1989 1 7
202. internal transcribed spacer TTS DNA White 1990 CA 1 1998
203. C 3 4 PMMoV A 0s ELISA a 14 8 0 5 ELISA
204. Momma et al 2006 Momma 2008 Clostridium 2007 Momma 2008 Shennan 2007 RSD BSD anaerobic soil disinfestation ASD AR 4 lv v 2 3 30 35
205. terrestris 7 orbiculare 10 actatum 5 gloeosporioides 7 cinerea 24 Trichothecium roseum cucumerinum 4 dahliae 25 Cristulariella moricola Choaenephora cucurbitarum 6 Rhizopus stolonifer 4 2
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207. 65 LAMP ICAN DNA DNA LAMP DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA
208. 0 0 15 8 9 15 8 7 5 6 5 12 5 11 2 0 0 25 0 11 2 250 1 4 0 1 ml 10ml 4 5 80 12 20 80 2 23 3 22 10 ml 10ml 4 2 4 5 3 PCR 1 NITE ZA rep PCR ee KE NNE 4
209. 1 2 1 0 5g 80mgN 3 0 75g 3 1g 1g 57mg 57gL 1ml
210. 1 2 0 153 180 7 81 8 0 148 78 1 80 0 0 110 86 1 32 7 4 B Hlida et al 2009 25C 5 B Q Q 28 8 28 0 28 4 B 28 2 23 7 21 8 Q B Q 24 6 25 1 B 22 6 26 5 Q 35 2 B 22 5 B Q 12 B 6 1
211. 20 TT D 20 A B Bellows et al 1994 B Bemisia argentifolii Bellows amp amp Perring
212. 2005 51 176 IPM 1 2000 2009 2008 12 25 89 77 1171 759 Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin 4 47bugo Blemia Peronospora Pseudoperonospora Plasmopara
213. 9 96 2 Blok Biological Soil Disinfestation BSD Blok 4 Svha Blok et al 2000 Goud et al 2004 7 10 3 4 3 50 70mm 3 Reductive Soil Disinfestaton Okazaki 198 5 3 ml 1g 28
214. 997 TY172 7y 5 4 1 7 9 11 Anbinder et al 2009 amp chilense ZL c 77e7se LA1969 7 6 Zamir et al 1994 3 Ji et al 2009 LA2779 7 Ji et a1 2007b 7y 2 LA2779 7y 2a LA1932 DNA P6 25 Ji et a1 2007a 5 habrochaites L hirsutum B6013 H24 11 Hanson et al 2000 cheesmaniae L cheesmanii Hassan et al 1984
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217. V TbLCV TYLCV 1 200 300 BELISA 2 RSV CGMMV RDV KGMMV BaYMV MNSV CYVY MYSV BeYMV ZYMVI WSMV PSV SqMV
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219. a et al 2009 6 JpL B 5 1996 Q B 7 B Q TYLCV 2009 CCYV 2009 CCYV BPYV 8 JpL
220. ananassa Duch Malvaceae Abelmoschus esculentus L sf Hibiscus rosa sinensis Campanulaceae a Campanula spp Capparidaceae Cleome spinosa L Plumbagnnales Limoniumu snnuatum Miller 2 Volaceae Vola Xx wittrockiana ams Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd Ulmaceae Ulmus parvifolha Jacd Rubiaceae Bouvardia hybrida Hort Gentianaceae Eustoma russellianum G Don ae Amaranthaceae i ea Amaranthus blitum L Balsaminaceae Impatiens balsamina L Tiliaceae Corchorus olitorius L Polygonaceae Polygonum persicaria L Apocynaceae INT AI Mandevilla spp TE Portulacaceae Portulacea oleracea L Moraceae 9 Ficus carica L Commelinaceae see Commelina bengalensis L A Oenotheraceae Me Oenothera laciniata Hill Acanthaceae Crossandra infundibuliformis L Nees AKG Cruciferae Brassica oleracea L Italica Verbenacea
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225. l Bromide Technical Options Committee 2013 kK 20060
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234. totrichum acutatum Mathur s po 10 12 4 CC ori 3 1 80 0 4 00 6 100 0 0 50 16 6 250 6 5 70 0 4 800 4 100 0 0 00 61 250 7 5
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