User manual
Contents
1. 2 Give details on RED default value calculations the calculation sheets have been developed to detail the exact and comprehensive methodology applied to established default values of the Renewable Energy Directive Adapt existing pathways for actual value calculations adapting some of the input numbers of the calculation sheet allows easy and RED compatible own actual value calculations It is also possible to add your own standard values or conversion factors see the final glossary for definition of part in the calculations for example adding a specific chemical input The tool can also be used to estimate the GHG weight of any process or any improvement actions Create a new pathway next to the two main functions it is also possible to create a whole new pathway within the tool Some advice on how to do this is given at the end of this tutorial However the tool does not offer user friendly functionalities for this function the user should first have obtained a thorough understanding of the tool before being able to create a new pathway Each function is described in more detail in their specific chapters General information about the tool is given in the following chapter before detailing how to use the tool for the functions mentioned above 2 General presentation of the tool 2 1 First and fast navigation within the tool The tool is organized in several excel sheets The first sheet About expla2. GHG Calculation the right side of the tool is the calculation part The global warming potentials for the three main gases are taken from the Standard values sheet Results are given in the bottom of the module in blue cells The unit is also given in order to easily keep track of it Info the last column offers results or intermediate data in a more easy to manipulate unit in general g CO eq per kg of wheat or per kg of biofuel T ansto and from depot ae Quantity of product Calculated emissions Ethanol 1 000 MJEtnanol MJEtnanol 40688 0 MJEthanoi ha year Emissions per MJ ethanol 0 531 Md MJwneat input ai g COz g CH a per kg ethanol ag E ag E ag E ag E Transport per m La Truck for liquids Diesel 300 km m 0 0059 ton km MJwneat input 0 99 0 00 gm E gm E g E m E gm E gm E m E Fuel Diesel Energy cons depot Electricity EU mix LV 0 00084 MJ MJEtnanol B g n EEEE EE F ACs ETT eter a a ees SEU HBEEEEEES 6 a a a 7 o id J wen on am Ph Input Data Intermediate Calculation or GHG calculations and Results in another unit Information results 10 Some modules dealing with specific issues can be found at the bottom of each calculation sheet Indeed some agricultural practices or local conditions also need to be taken into account within the RED methodology for instance no tillage or carbon storage due to straw incorporation into soils Issues like Land Use Changes
3. nised Cal aS Emissions in Euro e Greenhot Harmo Biofue 26 09 2011 User manual for the BioGrace greenhouse gas calculation tool Version 1b Supported by r EUROPE W ans Ol a in Europe cod a culation Emissions n Harmon S penthouse Gas Biofue This support document is designed to help the economic operators to understand and use the BioGrace Greenhouse gas GHG calculation tool The main questions that arise concerning the tool are presented below with a link to the appropriate chapter within this user manual If the BioGrace tool is to be used for making actual calculations then the user shall also refer to the BioGrace calculation rules This chapter details the different ways of using this tool You will find why this tool was developed and what it can do Pic S This chapter explains how the tool is designed and the general principles of the calculations This part describes how the result module in head of each ow to understand and pilot the results pathway works It also explains how to choose between disaggregated default value and actual default value MT eal with inc cies This part gives information on how to find and how to cope with revealed inconsistencies in the calculations ow can I use the tool to understand the default values How can I use the tool to calculate my own These chapters allow you to make the best use of the tool depending on your per
4. the production and use of one MJ of fuel e All life cycle steps from biomass production to fuel use are taken into account Each step of the life cycle is presented in the calculation sheet within a dedicated module representing one step in the biofuel production pathways e For biofuels the use phase bears no emission of GHG as the CO emitted is biogenic and the CH emissions occurring when burning a fuel are insignificant and fall under the cut off rule e A module gathers the inputs consumptions and calculates the emissions of the three main gases contributing to climate change CO CHy and N20 Details of the contribution of each gas in the results are presented in the last step of the calculation in order to have a high traceability of the contributions as required in the ISO norm e GHG emissions of each module are then summarized to obtain the GHG emission of the whole pathway Details of the modules aggregated under each of the RED defined step are given under Result module and general information e Detailed calculation formulas can be seen by clicking each cell in the sheet Methodological rules can be understood from looking at the formula calculated All the different rules cannot be defined here For more details please refer to Annex V C of the RED directive and to the BioGrace calculation rules 2 4 2 Presentation of a module A module contains the following data please refer to the pre
5. year e Step 6 Check in the last line that the proper value is called If it is not the case get back to step 4 and choose the appropriate calculation type 19 16 toneg COzha year LUC value that w 26 Step 7 Check in the biofuel production pathway where you need to declare a Land Use Change that the LUC value is there Please also check that no Improved agricultural management is declared in the module right below See the next section for more information ane ai rope Hans Qi avg UFO alc latio ap esions in E Caic AS gemis g i se Gas emngnisel arm onho en Does 2 use change occur ves 7 MOPS EUGA ACUNY Cay WO Ns NOIPH Go to To Warm temperature moist Cultivated cropland High activity clay Full sheet LUC tillage High without manure to calculate the land use change Emissions per MJ ethanol g COz g CH4 470 97 0 00 0 00 0 00 Result g CO2 eq MJEthanot 470 97 6 5 Soil carbon accumulation Emissions per MJ ethanol Does improved agricultural management occurs no h 6 2 Howto use the Esca sheet The Esca sheet 1s to be used when the user wants to claim increased carbon stock in soils because of improved agricultural practices like no tillage increased residue incorporation etc This excel sheet is built on the same model than the LUC sheet The same steps are needed to use it Please have a look at the LUC section to have a step by step
6. set up by article 17 point 2 of the RED 12 for this step in column E is coming from the RED disaggregated default value presented in column H For instance if you want to use for the cultivation step eec the disaggregated default value of the RED and only for this part than you should choose the letter D from the checkbox list of line 6 The letter on lines 8 and 10 of the same column F should stay positioned on A to get back actual values calculated in the modules below of the BioGrace tool Please also refer to BioGrace calculation rules for more explanation on the methodological rules for applying such possibility 2 4 4 Allocation modules Allocation calculations to devide GHG emissions to the main product and co products are done in specific modules as illustrated by the example below In the tool allocations are applied right after the module where the separation of co products takes place Allocation Total emission before allocation g CO2 eq MJEinanoi over main and byproduct Emissions up to and including this process step 89 19 g COs eq MJethanol Main product Ethanol Energy content 1 ton 26 810 MJ 53 08 g CO32 eq Muethanol By product DDGS Energy content 1 14 ton dry matter 18 240 MJ 36 11 g CO eq MdJethanol Total 45 050 MJ Total emission after allocation g CO2 eq MJEtnanol The emissions of processing steps up to this separation point are split based on the energy content
7. CO storage Improved agricultural management have been added to specifically address and take into account these subjects in each calculation sheet Another specific module containing allocation calculations is described in the following section 2 4 3 Result module and general information B C D nn l J K LM N 0 Intelligent Energy Woga 1 Version 4 Public Production of HVO from Oil Palm process not specfied Overview Results 2 Sa we oe a AH results in Non allocated Allocation Allocated Total aerua mi Default values Allocation factors Emission reduction Gm GEC tos FAR are results factor results a a V D Extraction of oil Fossil fuel reference diesel Cultivation e i A 15 96 2 to Palm oil 83 8 g COn MJ x Cultivation of FFBs 15 38 95 2 14 64 a 4 85 to Kernel meal GHG emission reduction Storage of FFB 0 00 95 2 0 00 a 30 oe Processing e CA ajf 10 Extraction of oil 31 44 95 2 29 92 aije 11 Hydrogenation of vegetab A 100 0 9 34 2 Transport cy ale E a a a a a a a 13a Transport of FFB 95 2 0 20 E ia Transport of Oil 3 66 100 a m 1 Transport of HYO 100 z ictly Foutoucdt holed numara j AURU Directives 2009 28EC and 2009 30 EC a pcre rapes i arty 3 n g follow JEL calculations by uang GWE Dai Esos Eor Esos i 100 S zs alus 25 tor CH and E for N20 1 m i i 20 t Be m i uging this G
8. Seodr uheat 12 kaha year Field M270 emizrinar 1 21 ka hat year l Handling amp storage of wheat Quantity of product Wheat 1 000 Mirra Miral 76587 Miwahatyoar A p g 1208 MEE Calculations Electricity EU mix LY 0004 MIEMdwiral l using N Transport of wheat Quantity of product 7 standard Wheat 0 990 Muir Mibybeat 75829 Mivteathatyoar 7 0 990 MJ Mobybeat inpet 7 V alue S Tranrpart per Truck for dry product Diorol 50 km Fucl Dierel 0 0034 ton km Mdwkeal Ethanol plant pr Calculated emissions Tield l l Emirrinar por HJ sthannl Ethanol 0 537 MJEikasel f Mav 40683 MJeikasatha t yoart 40 4aCH4 4 N20 302 ry eee ee _ e e _ e_m 4b r About Directory E Wt NG b E Sb_ F Rs H Rs User defined standard values Standard values 3 MM e e e e e e e e e e The calculations are presented step by step following the well to wheel approach Looking in detail at this calculation sheet gives a lot of information on how the calculations were made and on how the RED methodology was applied For instance and without being exhaustive you can find detailed information on the following issues e Which steps and inputs have been taken into account in the RED default value calculations And in some cases the inconsistency between calculations carried out for default value and RED methodology 16 ulations Of sions in Europe Harm eenhous Biofue
9. value and the same name must be used in the calculation sheet 2 4 7 Details about N O calculation N20 data for default values of non EU imported crops are derived from calculations carried with the DNDC model This model takes into account direct and indirect emissions Average EU data have been used for each crops type of soil climate etc For more detail on these calculations please refer to the JRC documents For imported crops a modified IPCC tier 1 methodology has been applied or VERT ZOEKEN in Dutch or RECHERCHEV in French language respectively gt Linking an economic model for European agriculture with a mechanistic model to estimate nitrogen and carbon losses from arable soils in Europe A LEIP amp al JRC Biogeosciences 5 73 94 2008 14 l ope as 3 iggions I ey as yarmonisee Em n Biofuel Gee For the implementation of new pathways or in case of calculating actual values for cultivation for which all the input numbers for cultivation have to be replaced this is one of the calculation rules one of the methods laid down in the IPCC guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Volume 4 Chapter 11 2006 tier one two or three should be used 15 ised armons ahe Gree 3 Function 1 using the tool to have details on default value calculations The BioGrace tool makes transparent how the default values of the RED were calculated For each pathway of p
10. 1s taken into account The reference land use considered is a native forest in Europe under an oceanic climate No Fmg and F are needed for this type of cover A B z D E e n J K L w bhinarace net Inteligent Eng r P A Byoiie CS and CSa are calculated with the following equation 29 CS Cyes SOCey Fuy Fue Fi 30 31 Actual land use Reference land use 32 33 Climate region Warm temperature moist Was mi J4 Vegetation crop land use Native forest gt 30 canopy cover 35 36 27 ee 38 Continent relevant CS 39 T ton C 7 ha ton C sha Calculate value according to Chapter 5 or look up valu 40 Af Carbon stock in mineral soil 43 Climate region Warm temperature moist Determine using paragraph 1 of Commission Decision 43 Soil type Determine using paragraph 6 2 of Commission Decisioun 44 Soil management Determine using table 3 of Commission Decision 45 Input Determine using table 3 of Commission Decision 45 4T SOC 3 ton C ha Loop up in Table 1 of Commission Decision using clime 4g arr Look up in Tables 2 3 of Commission Decision 49 Fins Look up in Tables 2 6 of Commission Decision 50 Fi Look up in Tables 2 amp of Commission Decision 25 5 e The resulting LUC is calculated right bellow this part by applying the RED methodology A positive value shows a carbon loss from the reference situation A B C D m F G H J K oo ton C h
11. P Rs User defined standard values Standard values 3 AfA Lui Step 2 Write the name in the first available free line of the standard value in column B n hexane user1 Think about checking that the given name is different from any other of your added values and of the Standard values sheet Step 3 Add your own values in the columns with the appropriate unit from column D to R If you have a unique value in g CO eq and not in CO2 CHy N20 than fill out the first column in g CO as the columns G and K with unit g CO is calculated automatically and should not be changed Please note that you also have to add 0 value to the two other column for CH and N20 the other cells to avoid error messages in pathway calculation 19 STANDARD VALUES parameter Comments GHG emission coefficient Fossil energy inp e Step 4 Then you need to fill in the column T and U with detailed information on the sources of these data name of the sources in column T and remarks and details in column U like in the example below Q T U ila cO Caicuic arr niset ice Herre reenhous Biofuel NDARD VALUES t exhaust parameter issions Source Remark question unit gN20 t km f tons 0 ST t nyi Emiss Gas c r defined standard values WTT Appendix 1 v3 paragraph 2 1 amp 3 Z1 WTT Appendix 1 v3 paragraph 2 1 amp 6 1 GA1 N Hexane User1 Internal LCA studies on chemical production 200
12. added n hexane_user1 For that follow the example below the column position to change are shown in yellow Initial formula in cell H83 of the previous picture C83 E 70 VLOOKUP B83 Standard values C 9 S 160 7 FALSE E 184 New formula in cell H83 C83 E 70 VLOOKUP B83 Standard values C 9 S 160 3 FALSE E 184 The numbers 7 and 3 refer to the columns where the values are taken from These column numbers are listed in row 3 of both the sheet Standard values and the sheet User defined standard values 20 4 3 Adding an input in a pathway Step by step example The tool user wants to add a new input in one of the pathways For that the following steps must be performed e Step 1 First in the pathway you are working on get to the module where you want to add a input www biograce net Intelligent Ene En n in tn jin inj 4 Oh jon a jt a 6h l in a Mllo EF Storage of FFB Calculated emissions 0 900 Wi l M 294941 Mees ha year Emissions per MJ HWO 0 9860 MJI Moers inme g CO g CH Energy consumption Diesel 000000 MI Mls 0 00 0 00 Electricity NG CCGT 0 00000 MI Ml es 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 g COo l Mivo e Step 2 Insert a new line with the function insert of Excel right click Cut i paste wiawbioorace net MAIER Paste Special Ans at Rig Fyurape i emits i s cae hs E Ems 52 53 Delete J4 Clear Contents
13. address the 22 most important biofuel production pathways cited in both directives The project results are disseminated to European stakeholders through a website meetings and a series of workshops National policy makers are asked to make reference to the list of standard conversion values in their national legislation This tool is a result of the first step of the project whose objective was to make the calculations that lead to the 22 default values in the Renewable Energy Directive and the Fuel Quality Directive transparent The elaboration of this tool was performed and commented by the partners IFEU ADEME ANL BE2020 BIO IS CIEMAT EXERGIA and STEM respectively 32 e ons of ne in Europ Warmonisee Cale Gas Emission gt Green Biofuel 8 Glossary To use the tool several terms have to be clearly defined Some of these definitions are based on the directive 2009 28 EC Standard value data needed to convert input numbers given in kg kWh etc into GHG emissions Examples are Lower Heating Values and values to convert 1 kg N fertiliser or 1 MJ of natural gas into CO CH and N20 emissions They are sometime also called conversion factors Default values default values are the GHG emissions per MJ of biofuel given in the tables part D of annex V of the Renewable Energy Directive see RED bellow There are step by step default values and one global value for the whole pathway They are derived from t
14. cell C29 Eorest to arable Use arable to arable land in case of modified practices _ 1 Carbon loss due to land uze change o thahyear l Please calculate this value by using the LUC s or the E sheet for modified practices Step 4 If the name of the crop selected in cell C19 is either sugar cane or Palm then further information should be given in the third part of the Crop data box 28 F G or the F eheet for modified practices ran Please fil in the following celle only when a text appears Default value used by RED Text appears when the adequate imported crop if selected in the above section cell C19 Amountof vignasee applied to the field kg of vignasze dmvkg sucar cane fm RED used by default 0 94 Amount of filter cake applied to the field kg of filter cake dm kg sugar cane fm RED used by default 0 01 N content of vwignasse applied to the field kg N7 tvignazse RED used by default 0 38 M content of fiter cake applied to the field kg Nt filter cake RED used by default 125 fe fo fa mn on talkia leo loo o fo da li Ohno g S h Step 4 Calculation of direct N O emissions from managed soils Two more input data are needed for direct N20 emissions calculations the quantities of N synthetic fertilizer and N organic fertilizer applied You should refer to the BioGrace calculation rules manual to know which fertilizer should be taken into account Intermediat
15. i Calculated emissions l 35 0 980 Mleset Were 294 941 Mls ha year Emissions per MJ HYO pe irk Ey Format Cells RET TE i ase 0980 MI Mess cpu y g CH Ti Row Height oo Hide 0 00000 MI Ml 0 00 0 00 58 m 0 00000 MI Mls 0 00 0 00 0 Unhide iT Total 00 0 00 0 00 6 00 et ET A wo renee B S De BA Arial 10 A yg BE 9 g Result CO og Mho 0 00 e Step 3 Fill in the line with the name of the input column B the unit use column D and the quantity used column C Please check that the name of the added input is the same than in the table of the standard value sheet Also verify that you use the same unit than existing input A B C E F G H J 54 Bierce ge as Quantity of product Calculated emissions 55 FFB 0 980 MJess MJece 294941 MJ ha year Emissions per MJ HVO 56 0 980 MJ Mls p g CO g CH g N C 57 Energy consumption 58 Diesel 0 00000 MJ MJzzs 0 00 0 00 0 01 59 Electricity NG CCCI 0 00000 MJA Milas 0 00 0 00 0 60 HFO 0 03000 MI TMI 61 Total 0 00 0 00 0 0 Se Result g CO MJuvo e Step 4 On the same line add the calculation formulas in columns H I and J according to the unit in which the GHG emission coefficients are expressed per kg or per MJ Formula can be copy paste from existing input When formula written or copied please check that the proper cells have been used in the formula and that un
16. in the User defined standard value then insert your new input in the biofuel pathway you are working on 22 l e ons of ne in Europ Warmonisee Cale Ges Emissions Green Biofuel 5 Function 3 Creating a new pathway The BioGrace tool can also be used to set up new biofuel production chains This requires some knowledge of Excel and a detailed observation of how calculations are made The present part cannot provide a comprehensive description of the process However a short tutorial is provided below to highlight major steps Step 1 Copy an existing pathway and rename it Step 2 Erase all data in the white cells of column C Erase the names of inputs and outputs in column B when necessary Be sure to keep the result overview box at the top of your pathway and the 3 last generic modules LUC Improved Management Practices CO storage or replacement Step 3 the most important part is to define the frame of the new pathway meaning the numbers of steps cultivation of agricultural matter drying transport industrial steps etc the allocations when needed etc This frame is to be translated in independent modules To add up new lines please use the insert line function by right clicking on the appropriate line Beware of adding allocation modules right after the separation step of the co products Step 4 Fill in the new frame with appropriate inputs and outputs into column B with the asso
17. listed in Annex V A Annex V B Annex V D and Annex V E of RED and the GWPs prescribed in Annex V C point 5 For this reason two calculations are possible in the tool through the following application in each excel sheet 29 ns Gas e oF issions in Europ strictly follow the methodology as given in Directives 2009 28 EC and 2009 30 EC As explained in About under Inconsistent use of GWP s 6 5 Declaring the 29g Bonus If you are carrying out your own calculation and that your land enters into one of the two categories of land described in point 8 part C of annex V of the RED you can add an extra bonus of 29 g eCO MJ to your pathway This can only be done from the moment that the European Commission has defined degraded land and heavily contaminated land Within the BioGrace tool this bonus has to be added in the Land Use Change module as shown in the picture bellow el Land use change 15 16 Does land use change occur no z 19 Emissions per MJ ethanol 20 gCOz gCHs gN 0 gCOz s 21 Resulting land use change _ _ 0 00 ton COz ha year 0 00 0 00 53 Do ere ae Bonus eB 2919 The bonus of 29 gCOz Mu shall be attributed if evidence is provided that the land 24 a ae i e a was not in use for agriculture or any other activity in January 2008 and 26 b falls into one of the following categories ai i severely degraded land including such land that was formerly in agricultur
18. the function track changes should be turned on On each of the Excel sheets for the biofuel production pathways you can find on the left near the top of the sheet under the results an orange button which is named Track changes ON or Track changes OFF You should put this button to Track changes ON This will cause that a change in a cell will be marked by a yellow background colour and a red box around the cell This helps to keep track of changes from the original document which will be helpful for any certification supervision of any actual value certification 2 3 Comments Comments have been attached to some cells Comments appear with the usual format of Excel comments as a small red triangle in the right corner of the commented cells These comments are helpful to understand how the calculations for the RED default value were made Some inconsistencies are reported here They also support detailed explanations whenever needed Please note note that for your actual calculation you should always follow the RED methodology and the precisions brought by the Communication papers from the Commission and the rules set up under the BioGrace tool defined in the BioGrace calculation rule The inconsistencies with the adopted methodology and pointed out by the comments are just for your information You should not apply the wrong approach in any way e pa ssions Furor
19. 9 Carried by review by representatif of e Step 5 Go to the pathway where you want to use this modified standard value Modify the name of the n hexane input called in column B into n hexane user1 Please note that the name must be exactly written in the same way as in the user defined standard value sheet Modify the quantity if needed in column C of the same line A B D E F 6 H l J K L Tf Natural gas input MJ stean 4 747 MI A M inam T8 Natural gas 4000 km EU tl 0 058 Ml Moen 79 Electricity input MJ steam 0 020 Mf MJ asam 20 Electricity EU mix MW 0 001 Ml Moen 81 82 Ghemieds TT TTT 7 83 InHexanesusert o 2 u 0 0040 MJ A Mon g4 oo 86 a COs sa l Move ES Ee MA mt HSE H Po s H Po CH4 capt CNG wM o CNG dM lt CNG OW P Rs User defined standard values Standard values _ 2 AN e Step 6 Check and eventually modify the formulas in column H I and J if they are not are calling the right columns This could be the case if the unit of your modified standard value is not the same as the unit of the pre defined standard value of the same product For instance the existing n hexane standard value is given per MJ If you want to enter GHG data per kg for n hexane user1 then you need to change the formula in the pathway calculation in column H I and J of the line where you have
20. HG calculation rool t the BioGra EE be respe 4 Calculatton per pitdse PATAN SIIA een Th Tu are included the zip en wich ou d meiosis ook Teter a 50 availa Sete e eee eee ry oa Ba t Aal z X eo 7 Detailed Track change Global RED default General results button Results to use values information The first lines of each Excel sheet present the results synthetically for the pathway calculated in this Excel sheet It is made of 4 main parts Detailed results this first part gives the step by step results before and after allocation The aggregated results given by white text correspond to the one given in annex V of the RED see the box below Several calculation modules can contribute to each step The result of each module are given in the line with a black police see the figure following the box C Methodology Greenhouse gas emissions from the production and use of transport fuels biofuels and bioliquids shall be calcu lated as E G43 Oy Ea rope alee emissions in Europ a Biol Direct land use change Cl ej nw Cultivation SSP ee gt e ec Transport raw material Cid Coca 4 Processing step1 gt ep M Global results to use the first column of this part gives step by step actual results calculated for the present Excel sheet The second column column F is very important to calculate final GHG emissions for th
21. a 5 53 Resulting carbon stock CSa 67 4 ton C fha CSR 172 0 ton C ha 4 Resulting LUC e 19 16 ton eg CO ha an e Step 5 Actual calculation Fill in the white cells of the Actual calculation part You should refer to the information required in column B and to information given in column L First general references for your actual value should be added in order to keep track of the source and quality of these data In case of methods other than measurements you should confirm that climate soil type etc are taken into account If this is not the case you cannot use your actual data At last add the actual Carbon stock in soils SOC and carbon contained in vegetation CVEG for actual and reference uses The formula from the RED methodology is then used to get the annual carbon changes A B C D z ole N M K Type of data use measurements ey Field measurement from a 3 vear campaign 100 plots carried out by the More detail information ae Pe J P 3 Ex 61 National Institute bz bJ 64 66 If using data from other methods than measurements 67 Please confirm that they take into account 68 climate 69 soil type 70 land cover T1 land management and inputs T2 73 Resulting carbon stock in soils SOC ton C ha SOC ton C ha 74 Resulting carbon stock in vegetation Crea ton ha Cva RT ton ha 75 CSa 70 2 tonC tha CSR 182 0 ton C ha 76 Resulting land Use Change e 20 5 ton CO ha
22. al use 29 Improved agricultural management ii heavily contaminated land 30 a Sall cuchon The bonus of 29 gCO2 MJ shall apply for a period of up to 10 years from the date of conversion of the land to agricultural use PA i provided that a steady increase in carbon stocks as well as a sizable reduction in erosion phenomena for land falling under i are 32 Does improved agricultural management occurs no vi Jensured and that soil contamination for land falling under ii is reduced 34 J 35 seats The categories referred to in point 8 b are defined as follows 36 a severely degraded land means land that for a significant period of time has either been significantly salinated or presented 37 Resulting soil carbon accumulation 0 00 to significantly low organic matter content and has been severely eroded 38 b heavily contaminated land means land that is unfit for the cultivation of food and feed due to soil contamination 39 Such land shall include land that has been the subject of a Commission decision in accordance with the fourth subparagraph of 30 l e es OF jgsions in Euror ised C se Hartel Greenhouse a 7 Why was there a need for a BioGrace project 7 1 Historic of the RED calculations 7 1 1 A need for GHG reduction guaranty For calculation of the default value LBST Ludwig B lkow System Technik and JEC consortium JRC EUCAR and CONCAWE have on request delivered input to the European Commission Th
23. ange including bonus for production on non agriculture or degraded land 114 B Land use change 145 From Warm temperature moist Native forest gt 30 Europe High activity clay No till No input 116 Does land use change occur yes X 117 Go to To Warm temperature moist Cultivated croplar 418 sheet LUC tillage High without manure 119 to calculate the land use change Emissi 120 gt 121 Resulting land use change 19 16 ton CO ha year 47C Bonus eB Og COz eq f Miei c 24 e Step 3 Go to the LUC sheet You will there find a framework for calculating the carbon stock changes from reference situation to actual utilisation The annual GHG emissions that need to be added to your pathway will be calculated from that e Step 4 Select the type of calculation you want to use Two kinds of calculation are possible one using the default values listed in de tables Commission Decision of 10 June 2010 on guidelines for the calculation of land use carbon stocks for the purpose of Annex V of Directive 2009 28 EC called default calculation and a second one if you have your own value for carbon stocks calculated according to the guidelines in the same Commission Decision called actual calculation A B C D E z ek m J K The reference land use shall be the land use in January 2008 or 20 years before the raw material was 15 SOC Soil organic carbon ton C hal 16 Fwy Land use factor reflecting the difference in soil or
24. anges On each of the Excel sheets for the biofuel production pathways you can find on the left near the top of the sheet under the results an orange button which is named Track changes ON or Track changes OFF You should put this button to Track changes ON This will cause that a change in a cell will be marked by a yellow background colour and a red box around the cell This helps to keep track of changes from the original document which will be helpful for any certification supervision of any actual value certification Specific attention has to be paid when the input numbers are available in a different unit The new value has to be expressed in the exact unit mentioned in column D Please also check the obtained result for any error or inconsistency 4 2 Adding specific standard values for existing input Standard values are used to convert input numbers into greenhouse gas emissions The tool applied the same standard values as the European Commission has used for calculating the RED Annex V default values However users can define their own standard values and use them in the tool This part gives a step by step example for modifying one of the pre defined standard values 18 In order to do so the dedicated excel sheet named user defined standard values should be used as the excel sheet standard values is protected and cannot be changed Adding new standard value requires applying th
25. annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land use change CO storage etc Total emissions before and after allocation The formula used for allocation can be found by clicking on the cells of emissions after allocation An overview box summing up all the results can be found at the beginning of each Excel sheet 17 l e ieee OF sions in Euro ised C se Harel Greenhouse a 4 Function 2 Adapting pathways to calculate an actual value The BioGrace tool allows economic operators to adapt the default value calculations for available pathways It could thus be used for setting up calculations of its own actual value The following chapters give a step by step tutorial on how to adapt an existing pathway for several situations e Changing input data e Adding specific standard values for existing inputs e Adding new input in the process 4 1 Modifying input data only Calculation sheets of the BioGrace tool allow economic operators to calculate an actual value for existing pathways This adaptation can be performed by changing the input values in the appropriate calculation sheet You should first take notice of the document BioGrace calculation rules which includes a specific chapter Use of starting values in the BioGrace GHG calculation tool Complying to these rules you can modify the value of all white cells In order to keep track of these changes we recommend turning on track ch
26. calculation points to be known Yield Yield Emissions per MJ ethanol per kg wheat Wheat 5208 kgha year 76587 Mines ha year aCO gch NO gCO gC0 e Moisture content 13 5 1 000 MJ MJet input By product Straw 2148 kgha year 0 128 theme ence Energy consumption Diesel 37417 MJ ha year 8 01 0 00 0 00 6 01 62 54 SP OER A a8 a an ee ee se eae ee ee pee E a en ee S a L N fertilizer 109 3 kg N ha year 7 59 0 02 0 03 15 80 123 42 K 0 fertilizer 16 4 kg K 0 ha year 0 22 0 00 0 00 0 23 1 81 P 0 fertilizer 21 6 kg PO ha year 0 51 0 00 0 00 0 54 420 Pesticides 2 3 kg ha year 057 0 00 0 00 0 63 492 In this example the agro chemicals needed for the cultivation step of wheat are shown on the left in kg per hectare and per year On the right part the emissions of greenhouse gas per MJ of ethanol are calculated using conversion formulas in the cells This calculation relies on the match between the name of the inputs N fertiliser K O fertiliser etc and the names in the standard values sheet Excel formulas are used to call the right GHG emission coefficients for each input formula VLOOKUP in English It is therefore very important to use the appropriate name of input output if one changes an input value in the calculation sheets For instance 1f the user wants to use an own standard value this value has to be created in the user defined standard
27. ciated input numbers in column C The tool user needs to pay particular attention to the units in which the input numbers are expressed The unit in column D has to be compatible with the units of the standard value in the standard value sheet Step 5 Add new standard value if needed for more detail please refer to adding new standard value part in the previous section Adapting pathways Step 6 Adapt the formulas of the column H to K when needed see adding a new input part in previous section Adapting pathways for more detail Step 7 Add if necessary comments or intermediate calculations in columns E to G Step 8 Adapt all the summing cells from allocation module and total module Step 9 Adapt the overview results box to your new pathway by inserting lines and linking cells to each name and results obtained 23 6 Technical detail on specific issues 6 1 How to use the LUC sheet Land Use Changes LUC are to be taken into account in the GHG calculation of your product A LUC occurs when the biofuel cultivation has a different carbon stock per hectare than a reference situation e g conversion of forest into agricultural land The RED methodology and the Commission Decision of 10 June 2010 on guidelines for the calculation of land use carbon stocks for the purpose of Annex V of Directive 2009 28 EC give precise instructions on when and how to take these carbon changes into account A d
28. e European Commission has made the final calculations into the default values which are presented in the RED Annex V As defined in article 17 of the RED biofuels and bioliquids can be taken into account for the following purposes only if they fulfil criteria of greenhouse gas emission reductions e Measuring compliance with the requirements of the Directive 2009 28 EC concerning national targets e Measuring compliance with renewable energy obligations e Eligibility for financial support for the consumption of biofuels and bioliquids Thus the economic operators have to provide data regarding the GHG performance of their biofuels and Pricuias following the appropriate methodology Default values defined in Annex V A Annex V B Annex V D and Annex V E of the RED may be used by economic operators under precise conditions raw materials cultivated outside the Community raw materials cultivated in the Community in areas where the typical value for raw material cultivation is expected to be lower than the corresponding disaggregated default value in Annex V D and raw materials that are waste or residues other than agricultural aquaculture and fisheries residues 7 1 2 How were the default and typical value calculations developed The default value and typical value calculations were performed in a collaboration project with the JEC consortium Joint Research Centre EUCAR and CONCAWE and LBST The results of their calculati
29. e calculations are shown in Tables 2 3 4 and 5 and the total of direct N O emissions are found at the bottom of the box Step 5 Calculation of indirect N O emissions from managed soils Automatic calculations are made using previous input data Intermediate calculations for N20 indirect emissions due to NH NOx volatilisation and leaching are shown in Tables 6 and 7 resp average 119 70 average Fon 0 00 Quantity of NH volatilized IPCC Tier 1 12 0 3 5 Frac casn 20 Quantity of nitrate leaching IPCC Tier 1 0 0 Frac casz 10 NH amp NO 114 97 Emission factor for NH volatilization IPCC Tier 1 EF 1 0 29 5 0 Emission factor for Nitrate leaching IPCC Tier 1 0 18 2 5 N 0 from atmospheric deposition of N volatilised N O ATD N m ow i Emission of N O0 from nitrate leaching effect N O L N e Step 6 The total N O emissions are given in yellow at the bottom of the sheet A B H D j TOTAL N O EMISSIONS Direct Indirect N 0 from managed soils Tier1 kg N 0_Nihaiyear ko N O hatyear per ha z 0 58 846 ce Sere ee per kgdm per MJ of crop 3l o oo ca T DO iE Oo u Value to report in your pathway iiio fa Ti 6 4 Inconsistency in use of global warming potentials Global warming potentials GWPs are used to convert methane and nitrous oxide in equivalent carbon dioxide During the project an inconsistency was found between the GWPs used for the calculation of default values
30. e following principles e The name given to the added input in the user defined standard value should be different from all the existing names of column C of the standard value sheet e The name of the standard value once defined has to be written exactly in the same way in calculation sheets where it is used e The formulas in columns H I and J of the calculation sheet have to be checked For instance the column position of the LOOKUP function must to be modified to be coherent with the given unit of the new standard value e Sources of the data should be clearly stated see the Biograce calculation rules Step by step example The tool user wants to add a specific standard value for n hexane instead of using the n hexane standard value pre defined in the tool For that the following steps must be performed e Step 1 first get to the User defined standard value sheet This sheet is framed exactly the same as the Standard value sheet BioGrace GHG calculations version 4 3 Mode de compatibilit A B STANDARD VALUES parameter GHG emission coefficient H 1 1 1 H H H a nanan nanan anna naan naan nn annnnnnnnnnnnn SE Bees Bebe Gee tebe bebe be bs has Pe Ee Ee ES PEEL A E Se He RE HEE ESEEE Seebe Race Re eae ee ee bees LEEA TAAS eee cpa nnnnnnnnnn nnn temnnn nanan nnnne fannnnnnnnnnnnnnn nanan L R E E Jaa DA SA E i WER i man i i 4 HSE H Po H Po CH4 capt CNG wM CNG dM_ CNG OW
31. edicated module is available in the BioGrace tool at the bottom of each pathway It will collect the emissions caused by carbon stock changes from the LUC sheet Thus you will need to fill in this LUC sheet to calculate your actual changes in carbon stock A declared LUC for a pathway will apply to the whole result of the pathway If you have several consignments with two different LUC values to be integrated for instance one with no LUC and one with a conversion from grassland to crop land please use a separate copy of the BioGrace GHG calculation tool to declare it The tool has been designed with a single LUC sheet that doesn t enable calculating simultaneously two or more GHG values with different LUC values Step by step tutorial If you need to take into account a Land Use Change for a pathway please apply the following steps e Step 1 In the pathway you are studying answer yes to the question Does land use change occur of the LUC module For that use the checkbox list next to the question Make sure that macro is authorised to operate this is the case when the text in the LUC module changes into the appearance of the figure below Step 2 Value and text called from the LUC excel sheet then appear Zone Nom B z D E z anane rations V Euri jpe i Calculations niset ph Ga matahi la Er i L a c oO yt Hal Vd aah senhnous 1 Fool aiei aco iT Tal iS WV ee 5 L I Ioa 113 Land use ch
32. es information on how assessing them 33 l e nso Europ cod Ca culatio Emissions in Harmon anhouse ae 7 re Biofuel Align biofuel GHG emission calculations in Europe BioGrace Project funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme Contract number IEE 09 736 SI2 558249 Project coordinator John Neeft Agentschap NL Agency NL formerly SenterNovem nfo biograce net ww bioerace net EW s eT INTELLIGENT ENERGY EUROPE FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURE The sole responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the authors It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Union Neither the EACI nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein 34
33. feedstock orinput St Saas anne Bosses m Gana pg ea ga gg o i eee Be 4 Pa H a lt P R CNG OW er defined standard values Standard values The user defined standard values sheet is provided in case the user wants to use conversion values that are not included in the list of standard values see section 5 1 detailing how to use the tool for this specific use Please note that BioGrace has formulated rules on when own standard values can be used these rules can be found in the BioGrace calculation rules 2 2 Color coding of Excel cells in calculation sheets Generalities The tool is built on a very simple colour code for cells e White cells are used for input numbers The existing values are the ones used for the RED default value calculation These cells can be changed by any user to test or adapt any pathway ons Ol ag in Europe unc ylatio Emissions in Harmon enous Gas Biofue e Grey cells are used for calculations and information that should not be changed except when adapting a pathway by adding new inputs or modifying the standard value called see the section on how to modify or add an input e Blue cells offer calculation results for a module or for an aggregation of modules Please note in case a calculation is made that will be used to show the GHG performance of a biofuel as part of fulfilling the sustainability criteria of the RED or FQD
34. ganic carbon associated witht he type of land use ca 17 Fuss Management factor reflecting the difference in soil organic carbon associated with the principle manag 18 Fi Input factor reflecting the difference in soil organic carbon associated with different levels of carbon in 19 23 24 5 25 The defaut calculation are based on the calculation of the Commission Decision with the following assumptions 36 the area concerned i 1 hectare As a result the factor A ha area concerned equak 1 T7 the oi in question are mineral Soils For organic Soil appropriate methods shall be used see paragraph 4 2 of the Commission Decision e Step 5 Default calculation First you need to have with you the Commission Decision of 10 June 2010 on guidelines for the calculation of land use carbon stocks for the purpose of Annex V of Directive 2009 28 EC where all formula and data are available In the part dedicated to default calculation fill the needed information and data in the white cells These cells are not using a pre defined list You should refer to the information given in column L to find the tables from the Commission decision Please use the same wording than the one use in the communication paper of the Commission Note that cells in light green are automatically filled from other cells For that begin by filling actual land use part In the bellow example the actual land use is a crop That is why no C
35. he typical value by adding an extra 40 of energy consumption during the process stage They may be used instead of actual values under certain circumstances defined in the RED FQD Fuel Quality Directive or Directive 2009 30 EC is the Directive amending Directive 98 70 EC as regards the specification of petrol diesel gas oil and introducing a mechanism to monitor and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and amending Council Directive 1999 32 EC as regards the specification of fuel used by inland waterway vessels and repealing Directive 93 12 EEC Input numbers information on the itineraries of cultivation industrial processes yields etc The input numbers are the values in the white cells in the BioGrace GHG calculation tool In all these cells actual input numbers can be given to calculate an actual GHG value Starting values the input numbers that are in the BioGrace GHG calculation tool when it is downloaded and opened These numbers were provided by the JEC consortium for the RED default values of the Directive RED Renewable Energy Directive or Directive 2009 28 EC is the Directive on the promotion and the use of energy from renewable energy sources GHG Greenhouse gases responsible for global warming LHV Lower heating value LUC Land Use Changes This term refers to the GHG emissions linked with a change in the carbon stock because of changes in the use of the land An excel sheet called the LUC excel sheet provid
36. ins some of the vocabulary and calculations allowed by this tool The second sheet Directory shows all the links to the excel sheets with explicit names for instance Fame from rape seed is linked to the F Rs sheet 15 HVO from rape seed 16 HVO from sunflower 17 HVO Fom palm al il Etha TT 20 CNG from biogas amp from MSW T Ethanol from corn 21 CNG from biogas from wet manure o Ethanol from sugarcane 22 CNG from biogas from dry manure 9 FAME from rape seed 10 FAME from sunflower 11 FAME from soybean 12 o from all After these generic sheets the user can find several calculation sheets dedicated to one precise aspect of the calculation e LUC assesses the GHG impacts of possible Land Use Changes e sca for carbon stock changes due to improved agricultural practices ove ii oF issions in Europ provided in a next version of the tool The user will then find the pathway calculation sheets These sheets contain all the input numbers and results for all the pathways in the scope of the tool with one sheet per pathway in the most transparent way possible The following example shows how a calculation sheet is built ho Production of from Sugqarbeet steam from NG boiler Yersion 4 Public Overview Results a ceee at eatatatetataatel pasar alealirtaalalis Sal elles tel alaratal pans o Non allocated Mlocatio Allocated Total eT J Default values Allocation factors Emi
37. is pathway It enables using a mix of both disaggregated default value and disaggregated actual values The box at the end of this part highlights this aspect RED default values Column H gives a clear and direct comparison with the default values taken from RED Annex V part D and E for the same biofuel pathway General information this part brings important information to the user The main one is the GHG emission reduction achieved with this biofuel pathway as compared to fossil fuel This data is to be used to show that the sustainability criteria on GHG annes ie met or not Allocation applied for the calculation is also highlighted in percentage for the concerned step as an important parameter in the result A last box offers the possibility to change the Global Warming Potential in order to cope with the revealed inconsistency on this topic for more information please refer to global warming potentials and to Comments Please note You will find in column F of the result module very important checkboxes They are here for implementing the possibility left by article 19 1 c of the RED to assess GHG emission from a mix between disaggregated defaults values given in annex V part D or E of the RED and disaggregated actual values The A of the checkbox list means that the value used for this step in column E is coming from the Excel sheet actual calculation The letter D means that the value used
38. its are consistent The same work can be carry out in column M if this info column exists for this module 21 RECHERCHEV valeur_cherch e table_matrice no_index_col valeur_proche Intelligent Energy Europe Storage of FFB ity of product 0 980 MJses MJsss 294941 MJess ha year Emissions per MJ HVO MJ I Muses moz gCO gC Energy consumption Diesel 0 00000 MJ MJess 0 00 0 00 Electricity NG CCGT 0 00000 MJ MJzes j _ Oee 00e see iro T 0 00000 0 Ma s o0 ono aN oN n n An on IOl Cols ch inlA iow oO 4 1 5 lt 3 A O 2 6 5 a Step 5 Check that the Total line is correctly taking into account the added input For that the sum in column H to K must include the added line SUM x v f SUM H58 Hep SUM number1 number2 3 J K L _ g COs ea MJivo Storage of FFB i Calculated emissions FFB 0 980 MJzza Mess 294 941 MJ ha year Emissions per MJ HVO 0 980 MJ Mess wou gCO gCH gN O g CO on oom on on NAN on x J on e aN Energy consumption Diesel 0 00000 MI MJecs 0 00 0 00 Electricity NG CCGT 0 00000 MI FMJ 0 00 0 00 HFO 0 00300 MI MJ 0 00 8 00 un Total SUM H 0 00 0 00 4 4 Adding a new input in a pathway Adding a new input that does not yet exist in the BioGrace calculation tool can be done by using the two previous step by step tutorials You will first have to add a new standard value
39. l Gr o The different steps encompassed and the way they are modelled has the drying of corn have been taken into account in the RED default value etc o All the different inputs taken into account for the calculation and conversely one can deduct the inputs not taken into account Input quantities taken into account for instance yields for cultivation and processing steps energy consumption chemical consumption co product production etc It is possible to click on each cell in order to see if the number is a raw data figure or if it is a calculated value the formula is then visible Standard values used for calculating default values like LHV the GHG emission for producing one kg of Hydrochloric acid etc How energetic allocations are made see the allocation module for this as well as the recommended rules How energy surplus is taken into account see the energetic calculation in each pathway with energy surplus for detail examples Intermediate calculations in column E where all the yields are expressed in ha year and in MJ of biomass input wheat etc GHG emissions as calculated from the input numbers in columns H I and J respectively for CO CH and NO The difference between typical and default value this difference is achieved by multiplying the input data of the biofuel processing step by 1 4 Specific emissions calculated in modules at the end of each excel sheet
40. n e Step 2 To calculate NO emissions for a crop that is not listed in Table 1 then enter the name of the crop in Table 1 and fill in Table 4 of this module More information on how to fill in Table 4 is available in IPCC 2006 chap 11 Table 11 2 U V W eee ee f y E lope ereat AG LAG 4600tarroni TUC ranri 4 able 4 z Santi rat Intercept AGown AAG oun T0U0 Croptt Croptt E ources z En ESSAN MAT Soaks ob ok AA oe Y SOEST SES SD ea Binet erage Ufa vice 0 01 0 1 1 1 16 0 20 0 0140 0 23 4 44 16 30 IPCC 2006 chap 11 0 0060 1 51 2 54 0 24 0 0090 0 61 11 69 17 00 IPCC 2006 chap 11 100 000 q00 oo neo 0 0110 1 50 0 00 2 50 1 50 0 19 0 0170 0 48 9 12 26 40 N 0 0070 2 10 0 00 3 10 2 10 0 22 0 0070 0 68 13 09 26 40 N 0 0080 0 93 1 35 2 00 1 00 0 19 0 0080 0 38 7 30 23 53 Pam f ooo i 100 0 00 0 00 24 00 lt lt SS EES A a ie WV Mika 83s Fas a Res Neg Rear BG eer LHV MJ kg SOL Step 3 In case of Land Use Changes LUC or modified management practices then the LUC or Esca sheets should be used to calculate the carbon loss and enter the value in cell C29 Go to sections 6 2 and 6 3 of this manual to know how to use these sheets When the Esca sheet is used to calculated C losses due to change in agricultural management please note that only when negative results are obtained C losses are actually occurring In this case you should change the sign of the result and insert the obtained value in
41. oils and CO emissions from lime and urea application see the BioGrace calculation rules document for specific recommendations about the use of this method At the beginning of the N20 emissions IPCC module a short introduction presents the methodology used with the additional hypothesis used in JEC calculations that have been incorporated in the module This module details the calculation of the three N20 emissions sources that occur during the agricultural step direct N20 emissions from the field N20 indirect emissions due to leaching and runoff and N20 indirect emissions due to NH and NOx volatilization Step by step example For NO emissions calculations for a pathway please apply the following steps e Step 1 Fill in the name of the crop and the general information about your pathway in the Crop data box You can choose between 8 different crops Please enter the date for your crop in the bive cells General information Sugar beet Wheat Corn Sugar cane Crop yield fresh matter kg wha year Humidity 68 0 Crop yield dry matter 19200 KG 5 ha year Straw yield removed from the fed kg dnvha year Put yes when the crop is irrigated OR when rainfall in rainy season is the soil water saturation high no 1 minus potencial evaporation is higher than soil water holding capacity If not known the average nitrate leakage will be applied 1 Rainy season period when rainfall gt 0 5 Pan Evaporatio
42. ons were used as inputs by the European Commission to be published in Annex V of RED and Annex IV of FQD LBST developed its own model software E3database Software and underlying databases used to perform the calculations The input data come from several studies The standard values were calculated as part of the E3database taking into account all inputs and emissions from the provision of the input The Well to Wheel reports from the JEC consortium give detailed information on how these standard values were calculated T Article 18 of the RED 31 l l e ons of ng in Euro yarmonisee Cale Gas Emissions Green Biofuel However in some cases small inconsistencies exist between the values in the WtW reports and the values in the E3database The BioGrace standard values are directly taken from E3database 7 2 History of the tool and BioGrace project The project BioGrace aims to harmonise calculations of biofuel greenhouse gas GHG emissions and thus supports the implementation of the EU Renewable Energy Directive 2009 28 EC and the EU Fuel Quality Directive 2009 30 EC into national laws This project contributes to the publication of a uniform and transparent list of standard conversion values for GHG calculations and to the elaboration of Excel files as well as user friendly GHG calculators for economic operators auditors and advisors to perform the GHG calculation step by step on their own These Excel files
43. roduction a dedicated Excel sheet presents the details of the default value calculations The list of the pathways can be found in the Directory sheet with links to each pathway excel sheet All the necessary input numbers are presented per phase on the excel sheet cultivation step handling and storage of the biomass transport to plant plant transport to depot and filling station The same framework is used for all pathways intelligent Energy Europe Energy roci Production of Ethanol from Wheat NG steam boiler ersion 1 Public Allocation factors Ethanalplant 59 5 tacthanal Calcelatinas in thir Excel shoot P Grloty follow te methodology a cglvenin 7 Direot ve c 2008 28 E gt and 2009 30 B gt follow JEC catcutations by using GWP aol 25 for CHL ot 208 oe SP explained in About under Inconrirtont uro of GWP s mcate J rare o aan Summary of lt Cultivation the Results Si Transport of othanol Fillingrtation Land use change e Quantity of product 4 l Whoat 52eg kaha yoar I 76587 Mubneatha tyoar Mairture cantent 13 5 I I 4 000 MIA Mdwhrah ispo l By product Strau 214 ka hat yoar O23 kate st est a Energy cusremption 7 Diorel 3717 Muha tyear l Inputs and 7 oe p N fortiliror 104 3 kqN hat year L K20 Fortilirer 16 4 kaK2Oha t year l 1n ut d at a P205 Ffortiliror 216 kaP20shat year p Porticider 2 3 kaha t year I Seeding material
44. s EMI E ig Biogas generation via fermentation Quantity of product Calculated emissions 1 Yield Emissions per MJ CNG a Total biogas output 0 700 MIr Met mare Output from biogas plant not yet taking own consumption into account 3 Net biogas output 0 514 MJesogas Ml wet maure 0514 Mig Mi aa gCO gCH oN 4 z Factor from typical to default 141 1 010 MJssogas longs 2 7 DF During the BioGrace project we found an inconsistency between the way the biofuel GHG a Co product N fertiliser kg N 0 00033 kd jefault value as listed in Annex V A V B and W D of the RED has been calculated and the 0 amp aie eee a eee ae methodology as listed in Annex V of the RED A substitution credit was given for the by Ee Ei ee 2 product N fertilizer whereas Annex V C 17 requires allocation based on energy content As 0 Electricity from biogas CHP 0 045 M soon as the JEC Consortium updates the default values using the Annex V consistent 1 Heat from biogas CHP 0 150 Mjallocation approach this will be updated in the BioGrace Excel file as well 2 Biogas CHP PMs its Monn mts CHP 3 CH and NO emissions from NG gas engine 0 00 0 02 0 4 Biogas input oer MJ heat 1 700 MI s Md 2 4 How GHG calculations are made within this tool 2 4 1 General principles The RED Directive and the calculations in the BioGrace tool follow a Life Cycle Assessment LCA perspective to evaluate the GHG emissions of one MJ of fuel This means that e The functional unit is here
45. s of products The energy content of products can be found in the Standard values sheet column O Energetic allocations are calculated from energy content of products multiplied by their specific mass This energetic part of the product leading to the biofuel is multiplied by the total result obtained up to this point to get the after allocation result The formula is hereby detailed for ethanol from wheat nN Total emission before allocation X Ethanol energy content Total emission after allocation Total energy content ethanol DDGS In the box in the upper right corner of the excel sheet the calculator allocation factor is given see the example below Allocation factors Ethanol plant 59 5 to ethanol 40 5 to DDGS 13 i ove d calculation oF issions in Europ enhouse armomse Piotuel we 2 4 5 Units used A major point of interest is that the tool is designed with all the data associated to specific units that cannot be changed without changing the formulas It is strongly advised not to change the units but to convert the user s units into the ones that are proposed in the tool For each input consumed during the life cycle the quantity of input is converted in the quantity needed per MJ of biofuel This quantity is then multiplied by the global warming potentials for CO2 CH and N20 which results in CO equivalents 2 4 6 Specific
46. sonal objective How can I create a new pathway with the Howto lice ihe LUC cheer A step by step tutorial may help you to declare a land use change in one of your pathways Information about Improved agricultural management can How to use the Esca sheet help you take into account carbon stock changes related to improved practices Howo uc ile NiO Gin Gaon IPCC nee A step by step tutorial may help you to calculate the N20 emissions of your pathway was there a need for the BioGrace You can refer to this chapter if you want more information on the context of the BioGrace project This section provides you with the definition of the specific wording used in the tool or in this document Please find the BioGrace calculation rules document as part of the ZIP file BioGrace_GHG_calculations_ _version_4b_ _Public or as a separate document on the BioGrace website culation gt of Gas Emissions n Europe Contents ans Ol Europe ylation ecions 1M Warmonisee nouse as EMISS Gree Biofue 1 Functions of the tool Access and understanding of biofuel GHG calculations should be available to all involved or interested actors this can cover a very large and diversified public For this reason Excel was used to set up the BioGrace GHG calculation tool The present document gives insight on how to understand and use this tool Three main functions have been identified when developing the tool l
47. ssion reduction FARI eee results factor results Fami RED Annez YO Ethanol plant i Fossil fuel reference petrol Summary of One a 12 713 to ethanol 83 8 9 COs ils fof sugarbeet 16 16 Tax 11 52 5 ane N 287m to Sugar beet pulp GHG emission reduction the Results ing e ES 26 52 a ant a7 03 Tas 26 40 jas TE rE Og it Transport of sugarbeet 111 Tilon 0 79 Calculations inthis Excel sheet m l Transport of ethanol 1 10 100s 1 10 m Filling station O44 1002 0 44 43 PECE FON OW BTE mA MONEE ETETE kee 7 oe ee oe uP z Dira cevas ZNS2SE Cand DIVES m Ean A ee 3 q PWOW JEL calcula tons Dy uang Gwe i m i Ce eee 0 0 100 0 0 values 25 fr CH4 and 298 for Na ls 4 As explained in About under Inconsistent use of GP s E iP BLT Troon BO 7 Anar Saat G ae nt PY px T z a EN Er a nel spec Te a a Track changes OFF 3 le i loader l JN ka Calculation per phase es 3 sa as a 72 Allocation g C z PMden ES over main and byproduct T4 a missions up to and including this process step 54 30 g CO e Mdina 5 Main product Ethanol Energy content per MJ sugarbeet 0 544 ea 38 72 g COo hoe TE Pod Co product Sugar beet pulp m Energy content 0 219 an 16 68 g COs tM seat TT bd Thtal Orb mI TA Total emission after allocation g CO Mien 38 72 E Wond nn Calculations p yF etkanc to and from depot ity of prod
48. tutorial The main difference comes from the fact that only carbon stock in soil is taken into account Please also note that esca has a different sign than e a positive e g means that carbon stocks are improving in your soil and thus that the GHG result of the pathway should decrease whereas a positive e means carbon stock losses This difference comes from the formula of Annex V C of the RED that define esca has a carbon stock accumulation from which the feedstock produced should take some advantages Please note that if you have also a change in the above ground carbon stock or more globally in the land use type you should use the LUC sheet Do not use Esca sheet if a Land use Change is also declared for the same biofuel 6 3 Howto use the N20 emissions IPCC sheet N20 emissions are to be taken into account in the GHG calculation of your product These emissions mainly occur during the crop production step because of soil s microorganism s activity In each pathway during the crop cultivation step field N20 emissions are to be calculated A specific module in the sheet N O emissions IPCC is dedicated to this calculation A short cut below the white cell to fill in leads directly to this sheet 27 ans Ol a in Europe calcula es Emissions 1 nhouse ised armons Pa fuel Gree BioGrace tool follows IPCC guidelines 2006 for N2O emission calculation as explained in chap 11 N30 emissions from managed s
49. uct Calculated emissions input data Ethanol 1 000 Meran Menas 5 m e ina hat year Emaom et M J ethanol using E i Bogarkeelsisgal g I g d Pe Transport per m standard 25 m Truck For liquids Diesel 300 km a O 0061 ton kim tells vetect taped 0 99 0 00 values 26 a Fuel Diesel a aT z m 28 m Energy cons depot m 23 m Electricity EU mis LW 0 000 MII Mienna a0 See zN ERR A Lil MAH About Version marna A EE a NAG emissions Drat F For each pathway calculations are presented in the same way Transto and from depot Quantity ot product Calculated emissions Ethanol 1 000 MJethano MJEih oi 40688 0 MJethano ha years Emissions per MJ ethanol n e 0 531 MJ MJwneat input gCO gt gCH gN O g CO3 Eg ma 0 0059 ton km MJwneat iat a Transport per Truck for liquids Diesel 300 km Fuel Diesel ae m s a x a Energy cons depot a Electricity EU mix LV 0 00084 MJ MJEtnanoi OF D 4 a4 z n a a aie a A EEREEE WF eS eee eee ee ee HEHEHE TORR RRR RRL BERBER BRB BBB HBE RBBB WEJ SERRE EE EE z Pus v e k o i Pa a pesada p jad z Input Data Intermediate Calculation or GHG calculations and Results in another unit Information results See the BioGrace calculation rules document for explanations on why this model is recommended l e gions of in Europ nised Cal Gas Emissions 0 Green Harmo Biofue The two last sheets user defined standard val
50. ues and standard values present the generic data necessary for the calculations The Standard values sheet refers to conversion factors used for the calculation of RED default values Their main data are GHG emission coefficients which are the emissions of the main GHG gas associated with 1 kilogram inputs N fertilizers chemicals etc It also contains other data necessary for the conversion steps of the calculation Lower Heating Values LHV for fuels and energy products fossil energy inputs fuel efficiency for fuels etc These data are also to be used in case the user creates a new pathway Ea Li L l m li I a m ARARA Pir rsa Po nat R A ee i Gh Sel Ane 0 a PUTOS Tai Ir i roy be l a gig I hd m mil Le GHG emission coefficient e S PO Oa n er fe i at 2 Ia 4 i a iN fertiliser kg M 0 a 080 6 Pomc P Pa ie iP 0 fertiliser kg PO k f O l E LOEG 7 ES E ere fe iK 0 fertiliser kg KO l e E a761 MEE ia iCaQ fertiliser kgCaQ ee tee 129 5 ee ies an a ee Pesticiies 65 SSeS ESSE ASSSSS SESS SSS 10971 5 e Pees pe gages W ooh fe OIE note rei eee oa EAEL AE i e EN a fo fe kf e TT ca Ae _ _ ee E eae A e ipeeds Soy bean vra0ooeaooooaeo anenee T a ated aan B i Seeds sugarbeet ii SSeS MES 3540 3 bes EA FRSA j a iSeeds sugarcane a S 1 6 e E R on k enan EN EAA o E N O iSeeds wheat ee f 275 9 DON A P F Residues
51. vious picture for visual example ans Ol __ in Europe 4 Calculation Emissions in Harmony pennouse Gas 7 f Biofuel Input data the left hand side shows the main technical information of the process step modelled in the module e Names and quantity of inputs of yields etc are given here Three main types of input data are listed in the module o Yield of the step using the appropriate unit These yields are given for the main product and also for all the existing co products No co product mentioned means that this step doesn t have any co product o Energy inputs with for instance electricity or steam consumption Steam consumption can be detailed in a calculation showing how the conversion plant generating the steam the fuel input and possibly the electricity output in case of a CHP o Other inputs such as chemical transports etc e Units this is the key information to take into account Beware that the units are often given per MJ of products Intermediate calculation information some relevant information is given in the central part of the module columns E F and G They are helpful to give easier understanding of some calculation stage or more comparable with the Excel document of the first LBST JRC calculations They can also provide intermediate calculation useful for further part of the tool In this example the quantity of product in MJ per hectare and intermediate yields data appear
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