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MPLAB ICD 2 In-Circuit Debugger User's Guide

1. 86 RICH DEVICES dense unten tt meet dad 84 PIC24F Devices ti in Three 91 ANIMALE 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 e 70 Application Code 102 AVDD EE 17 102 AVSS tt ee 17 102 B Blank Che asimila lidia 39 74 Blinking LE Dis ta a ido ee 114 Breakpoints os dened 35 71 Advanced exces 84 85 86 89 1 Setting EE 53 116 BSR Regist uc 115 Build In Debug Circuitry 68 C Calibration Data 0 113 116 CABE PAST Ain AS ta tado 103 115 Capacitors 1 1 1 dd in en 18 Circuits that Interfere with MPLAB ICD 2 nn 18 Code Protect dt 20 103 112 Communications odiada add lidad idad 27 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 133 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide Configuration 1 1 1 1 1 20 32 9 ini 30 31 32 43 72 74 Connections ze la did 16 Greating a Hex File RR terre 48 Customer Notification Service 8 Customer Support 0 00006 9 D Debug Executive ee ege idas 23 102 111 A O tm te A ts 24 103 Reserved Resources 24 Ke e 103 Debug Mode Requirements 203611 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 aha 00 dala 20 Sequence of Operations 606 0000000600666 6666 nn 21 Debug TOO era de E ES 29 Debugger Menu 52 Debugging tte
2. RE 34 3 DEMO BET TEE 51 Device Selection EE 29 001510361 ala ootelas O a a 72 74 Drivers Not FOUN 0 101001000010200 112 dsPIC Silicon Version Information 32 E BE Data aia lt tintin 113 EEPROM usina 0 36 EEPROM Data Memory Start Of 006006666066 6 00 6 65 Environment Setup oiooioons nn nn re 32 IO a 39 73 Erase All Before Programming 50 113 Error LED sa o caaedvaa aaa ates 115 External Memory ROMless Devices snsseesseeseeerernrrersenserene 67 DS51331C page 134 2007 Microchip Technology Index F Fast A kA ted Shectneetees 103 115 Interr ptS pura A A id aid 103 Eet Et EE 115 Firmware nt ae a aa 43 99 Firmware Upgrades cceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeaas 63 Frequently et ENEE Seed dada 109 G Getting Stated este 25 GPURA Diosas d meat 114 GPIO AA EE 114 Gr n Lit EE 29 42 H Hal ae nd a nn ra a a 70 Header Board iii es te 24 26 109 Specification ii a na 6 68 RE ai TEE la 36 48 64 Elei Big 74 How MPLAB ICD 2 Works oooonccncccconococoncnccononononononoconononononanos 14 l OD n on a a nes 99 Cable Dita AA ne hs 16 Devices LR re As A ee E Ze EE 68 Header Adapters aiao in aeaa a aa a aaa 109 Ieper 68 ICE VS IE Dni a taa ai 14 ee E 20 24 Installation caida and
3. 7 7 FAILED SELF TEST ERROR VPP VDD HIGH LOW Symptom When connecting to the MPLAB IC D2 in MPLAB IDE or running a self test Debugger Programmer gt Settings gt Status gt Self Test MPLAB IDE may report a self test error in the Output window Cause This could be due to the firmware routines used to determine minimum and maximum voltages a less than compare is used in one place while a less than or equal to is used in another Solution Check the actual voltages measured by the ICD This can be found at Programmer Debugger gt Settings gt Power The Update button will cause these voltages to be remeasured and displayed As long as the voltages displayed are within tolerance for the target device the MPLAB ICD 2 unit can still be used for programming and debugging operations The firmware will be changed for better support of self test functions i DS51331C page 108 2007 Microchip Technology AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 8 General Troubleshooting 8 1 INTRODUCTION Frequently Asked Questions FAQs and common problems are documented here to help you as you use the MPLAB ICD 2 Also messages generated by the ICD and its tool limitations are referenced Topics covered in this chapter are Frequently Asked Questions e Common Communication Problems e Common Problems e Error and Warning Messages Limitations 8 2 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Questions are listed in the
4. If unchecked program continues to run breakpoint 1 disabled and Stopwatch is started Halt on Stop Condition Breakpoint 0 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 93 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide If checked halt program breakpoint 0 enabled and Stopwatch If unchecked program continues to run breakpoint 0 dis abled but Stopwatch halted Reset Stopwatch on Run Any time you run the program reset the stopwatch to zero Data Sample Scroll Output Check to scroll data sample information in the Output window if selected under Section 5 6 5 1 Breakpoints Tab Et DS51331C page 94 2007 Microchip Technology AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Part 2 Troubleshooting Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Tips 97 Chapter 7 Self Test eer end tasas deman 105 Chapter 8 General Troubleshooting 109 EEE 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 95 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51331C page 96 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Tips 6 1 INTRODUCTION Since many things in MPLAB IDE MPLAB ICD 2 and the PIC MCU target application circuit can affect the operation of MPLAB ICD 2 itis important to understand the operation of each link in the chain of ICD functionality Figure 6 1 is a diagram showing the various links Each
5. MICROCHIP MPLAB ICD 2 In Circuit Debugger User s Guide AAA A SS AE O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature All of these methods to our knowledge reguire using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip s Data Sheets Most likely the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as unbreakable Code protection is constantly evolving We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products Attempts to break Microchip s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work you may have a right
6. ICD Function Summary Click in the checkbox next to a warning in the list to enable disable the warning Checked is enabled unchecked is disabled 5 5 SETUP WIZARD A setup wizard is available from Debugger gt MPLAB ICD 2 Setup Wizard to help walk you through setting up your MPLAB ICD 2 Setup Wizard Welcome Setup Wizard Select a Port Setup Wizard Select Target Power Setup Wizard Enable Auto Connect Setup Wizard Enable Automatic OS Download Setup Wizard External Memory Setup Wizard Summary 5 5 1 Setup Wizard Welcome When you first select MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger or programmer the MPLAB ICD 2 Setup Wizard will open Follow the dialogs in the MPLAB ICD 2 Wizard to set up MPLAB ICD 2 for use with MPLAB IDE Click Next to continue 5 5 2 Setup Wizard Select a Port Step 1 Select a communications method Select a communications port to which you will attach the MPLAB ICD 2 COM Port Select either a serial port COM1 COM4 or a USB port USB Baud Rate For a serial port select 19200 or 57600 Note You may wish to try the higher baud rate to see if you can communicate at this speed If you experience errors return to the lower baud rate Click Next to continue O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 81 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 5 5 3 Setup Wizard Select Target Power Step 2 Select target power source C
7. When Debugger gt Program is selected the application code is programmed into the PIC MCU s memory via the ICSP protocol as described above A small debug executive program is loaded into the high area of program memory of the target PIC MCU Since the debug executive must reside in program memory the appli cation program must not use this reserved space The debug executive typically needs about 0x120 words of program memory Special in circuit debug registers in the target PIC MCU are enabled These allow the debug executive to be activated by the MPLAB ICD 2 The target PIC MCU is held in reset by keeping the VPP MCLR line low O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 21 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 1 4 5 2 DEBUG MODE DETAILS Figure 1 5 illustrates the MPLAB ICD 2 ready for debugging FIGURE 1 5 MPLAB ICD 2 READY FOR DEBUGGING Target VDD Internal al GE Debug be Registers T Running 12V 4 for Debug 5V 5 VPP MCLR Executive D MPLAB ICD Debug to Function L Internal Circuits Executive 1 Area FAKE PGC e 4 Reserved d A KE is Z for Debug FEIS k gt Program Executive Z 1 1 M Memory PGD Hardware Stack Shared by Debug Exec ES E PR ytes Used by Debug Exec File Registers Typically in order to find out if an application program will run correctly a breakpoint is set early in the program code When a breakpoint
8. My Suite Isn t Listed Show all installed toolsuites VS 4 Proceed to the next dialog of the wizard to give a name and location to your project You may Browse to find a location 5 Proceed to the next dialog of the wizard where project files can be added Files can also be added later if something is missed For this example go to C Program Files Micro chip MPASM Suite Example TUT452 ASM Click on TUT452 ASM to highlight it then Click on ADD gt gt to add it to the right pane Then click in the checkbox next to the file in this pane to copy it into the project directory Ee 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 45 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide FIGURE 3 4 WIZARD ADD FILES CRTC x is existing files to your project s Messenger Microchip MPASM Suite El Example Remove E Example asm E Example2 asm E IDASM16 4SM E IDASM17 4SM E tut452 asm SC LKR CI Template 4 gt E _MPLINK EXE d Check the box to copy the file to the project directory lt Back Cancel Help C Program Files Microchip MPA Add gt gt 6 The second file needed for this project is the linker script Click on the C Program Files Microchip MPASM Suite LKR folder to expand it and then scroll down to select the file 1874521 1 Make sure that the file name has an i Press ADD gt gt to move the linker script to th
9. eeseeeeeeeen 128 A 4 Power Supply oooionoonnnn 131 Il TC EE 133 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page v MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51331C page vi O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Preface NOTICE TO CUSTOMERS All documentation becomes dated and this manual is no exception Microchip tools and documentation are constantly evolving to meet customer needs so some actual dialogs and or tool descriptions may differ from those in this document Please refer to our web site www microchip com to obtain the latest documentation available Documents are identified with a DS number This number is located on the bottom of each page in front of the page number The numbering convention for the DS number is DSXXXXXA where XXXXX is the document number and A is the revision level of the document For the most up to date information on development tools see the MPLAB IDE on line help Select the Help menu and then Topics to open a list of available on line help files O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 1 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide INTRODUCTION The support information discussed here can help you when using the MPLAB ICD 2 in circuit debugger Topics covered in this chapter Document Layout Conventions Used in this Guide Warranty Registr
10. Board Bottom Side Figure 1 2 shows the interconnections of the MPLAB ICD 2 to the modular connector on the target board There are six pins on the ICD connector but only five are used The diagram also shows the wiring from the connector to the PIC MCU device on the target PC board A pull up resistor usually around 10k Ohm is recom mended to be connected from the VPP MCLR line to VDD so that the line may be strobed low to reset the PIC MCU DS51331C page 16 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Overview FIGURE 1 2 MPLAB ICD 2 CONNECTIONS TO TARGET BOARD User Reset Application PC Board MPLAB ICD 2 Interface Connector Although pin 2 VDD can supply a limited amount of power to the target application under certain conditions for the purposes of these descriptions pins 2 and 3 Vss are omitted They are shown on the diagram for completeness but in the following descriptions only three lines are active and relevant to core MPLAB ICD 2 operation VPP MCLR PGC and PGD Note In the following discussions VDD is ignored But be aware that the target VDD is also used to power the output drivers in MPLAB ICD 2 This allows level trans lation for target low voltage operation If MPLAB 2 does not have voltage on its VDD line pin 2 of the ICD connector either from power being supplied to the target by MPLAB ICD 2 or from a separate target power supply it will not operate Not a
11. D channel 0 connected to the potentiometer on the demo board and display the results on the four PORTB LEDs RB3 RBO Topics covered in this chapter Setting Up The Environment Running the Project Wizard Viewing the Project Creating a Hex File Setting Debug Options Setting Up the Demo Board Loading Program Code For Debugging Running TUT452 Debugging TUT452 Programming the Application TUT452 Main Routine and Source Code D O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 41 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 3 2 SETTING UP THE ENVIRONMENT Before beginning this tutorial follow the steps in Chapter 2 Getting Started to set up the hardware and MPLAB IDE soft ware Some of the initial settings covered in this tutorial may already be in place as a result of the previous set up Once launched the MPLAB IDE desktop should appear FIGURE 3 1 MPLAB IDE A al File Edit View Project Debugger Programmer Tools Configure Window Help osas 5 8 ee lol 5161888720 3 2 1 Selecting the Device and Development Mode To select the device for this tutorial 1 Select Configure gt Select Device 2 Inthe Device Selection dialog choose PIC18F452 from the Device list box The light icon next to MPLAB ICD 2 in the Microchip Tool Support section should be green 3 Click OK DS51331C page 42 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial To sele
12. ICD 2 USB driver is not visible in the USB section of the Hardware Manager go to the ICD2 Drivers subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory Open the htm files with a web browser to view details on driver installation for the appropriate operating system See Section 2 3 1 Setting Up Communications for more information DS51331C page 98 O 2007 Microchip Technology Troubleshooting Tips 6 3 LINK MPLAB ICD 2 FIRMWARE Be sure that the latest version of firmware is loaded in the MPLAB ICD 2 Updated firmware can be downloaded with the MPLAB IDE software See Section 4 2 Upgrading the MPLAB ICD 2 Firm ware Operating System for automatically downloading firm ware The latest production software should always be downloaded from the Microchip web site www microchip com The version of firmware will determine which target PIC MCUs are supported See the README file for the latest information on the firmware and on MPLAB ICD 2 6 4 LINK MPLAB ICD 2 TO TARGET PIC MCU DEVICE Verify that all lines are connected and that no other signals or components are interfering with ICD signals on VPP PGC and PGD If MPLAB ICD 2 s VDD and Vss lines are not connected to the target power and ground it will not work MPLAB ICD 2 can provide VDD to the target lt 200mA 5 volts only and to these output buffers when providing power to the target circuit selected by the Debugger gt Settings dialog Power tab Power target
13. MPLAB ICD 2 Reset F6 Issue a Reset sequence to the target processor This issues a MCLR to reset the Program Counter to the Reset vector If the pro cessor is running it will continue running from the Reset vector address Breakpoints F2 Open the Breakpoint dialog Set multiple breakpoints in this dialog however only one breakpoint is enabled at a time Note You may also right click on a line of code to set a breakpoint Advanced Breakpoints Open the Advanced Breakpoint dialog Setup advanced breakpoint features for devices that support this ICD feature MPLAB ICD 2 Setup Wizard Launch the wizard to help you set up the MPLAB ICD 2 Program Download the debug executive module if selected in Program tab and your code to the target device Read Read target memory Information uploaded to MPLAB IDE Read EEPROM Read device EEPROM data and then reset O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 71 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide Abort Operation Abort any programming operation e g program read etc Terminating an operation will leave the device in an unknown state Connect Establish communications between the MPLAB ICD 2 and PC Download ICD2 Operating System Download MPLAB ICD 2 operating system Settings Opens the MPLAB ICD 2 Settings dialog Set up communication output file power and program options Also find out information about the current system configuration and device limit
14. Microchip Technology Getting Started 2 7 4 Finishing the Application Using MPLAB ICD 2 as a Programmer Once the code has been debugged and the application is running as designed the device can be programmed withoutthe debugger enabled The device resources reserved for ICD operation then will be free for other use Note MPLAB ICD 2 may be selected as either a debug tool or a programmer Do not select both To change MPLAB ICD 2 mode from debug to program 1 Setthe Debugger to None from the Debugger gt Select Tool menu 2 Select Programmer gt Select Programmer gt MPLAB ICD 2 to choose MPLAB ICD 2 as a programmer The Programmer menu and MPLAB IDE toolbar will change to display pro grammer options once the tool is selected Also the Output window will open and messages concerning ICD status and communications will be displayed on the MPLAB ICD 2 tab The project should rebuild now so that all debugging modes will be disabled and the Configuration bits as defined in the source code will be programmed into the target To program the application project s code into the device follow these steps Note If you are using the Universal Programming Module UPM MPLAB ICD 2 must be powered with a power supply to be used as a programmer Also the option Power target circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 on the Power tab of Programmer gt Settings must be checked 1 Select Programmer gt Settings and then click the Pro
15. The first requires that an application be programmed into the target PIC MCU The second uses the internal in circuit debug hardware of the target Flash PIC MCU to run and test the application pro gram These two steps are directly related to the MPLAB IDE operations 1 Programming the code into the target 2 Using the debugger to set breakpoints and run If the target PIC MCU cannot be programmed correctly MPLAB ICD 2 will not be able to debug Figure 1 4 shows the basic interconnections required for programming Note that this is the same as Figure 1 2 but for the sake of clarity the VDD and Vss lines from MPLAB ICD 2 are not shown FIGURE 1 4 PROPER CONNECTIONS FOR PROGRAMMING Programming VDD Voltage MPLAB ICD 2 Internal Circuits VPP MCLR 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 19 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide A simplified diagram of some of the internal interface circuitry of the MPLAB ICD 2 is shown For programming no clock is needed on the target PIC MCU but power must be supplied When pro gramming MPLAB ICD 2 puts programming levels on VPP sends clock pulses on PGC and serial data via PGD To verify that the part has been programmed correctly clocks are sent to PGC and data is read back from PGD This conforms to the ICSP protocol of the PIC MCU under development 1 4 5 Requirements For Debug Mode To debug set breakpoints see registers etc with the MPLAB ICD 2 there ar
16. and the instruction after the breakpoint will be indicated as shown in Figure 3 13 DS51331C page 56 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial FIGURE 3 13 PROGRAM HALTED AFTER BREAK gt CATUTASZVTUTASZ as QuE nop Start clrf PORTE Clear PORTB e clrf TRISE PORTB all outputs display 4 MSB s of A D result on LEDs movlw B 01000000 Fo 3 A D enabled movwf DCONO movlw B 00001110 Left justify 1 analog channel movwf ADCON1 VDD and 1755 references movlw B 11000111 TMRO prescaler 1 256 movwf TOCON 10 Single step five times select Debugger gt Step or click the Step toolbar button to single step through the program The following line of code should be indicated when finished movlw B 11000111 TMRO prescaler 1 256 11 Examine the values of the registers ADCONO and ADCON1 in the Watch window Notice that ADCONO has a value of 40 HEX This corresponds to the binary value designated in the program but is this value correct A review of the PIC18F452 Data Sheet DS39564 section on A D indicates that the last bit should be a one nota zero to turn the A D module on To fix this bug change movlw B 01000000 Fosc 8 A D enabled to movlw B 01000001 Fosc 8 A D enabled 12 Select File gt Save to save the changes 13 Select Project gt Build All to rebuild the project A message will indicate that the program has been rebuilt The MPLAB ICD 2 must be re
17. bits If using fast interrupts or the CALL FAST instruction MPLAB ICD 2 uses the shadow stack and users will not be able to exit properly from the fast interrupt routine or CALL FAST function O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 103 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51331C page 104 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 7 Self Test 7 1 INTRODUCTION The Run Self Test button Settings dialog Status tab is helpful in determining problems with the MPLAB ICD 2 module or target connection Self Test features covered are Target VDD Module VPP MCLR GND MCLR VDD MCLR VPP Failed Self Test Error VPP VDD High Low 7 2 TARGET VDD Tests the VDD provided from the MPLAB ICD 2 5 volts only if Power target circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 is selected Pass Fail codes 0 0 Pass VDD is within specified limits 01 Min error VDD is below specified limits 80 Max error VDD is above specified limits An error can indicate Target voltage current mismatch from provided voltage current MPLAB ICD 2 pod hardware problems O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 105 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 7 3 MODULE VPP Tests the programming voltage VPP provided from the MPLAB ICD 2 to the target VPP MCLR pin during a programming cycle Pass Fail codes 00 Pass VPP is within specified limits 01 Min error VPP is belo
18. circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 Otherwise the target s VDD will be used VDD is sensed by MPLAB ICD 2 to check that voltage levels are correct Powering from the target VDD allows level translation for target low voltage operation A simplified circuit for the internal buffer circuits of MPLAB ICD 2 is shown in Figure 6 2 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 99 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide FIGURE 6 2 MPLAB ICD 2 INTERNAL BUFFER CIRCUITS Target VDD to pin 2 of the ICD Connector If MPLAB ICD 2 does not have voltage on its VDD line pin 2 of the ICD connector it will not operate Using a scope communications on PGC and PGD with a full target VDD to Vss peak to peak waveform should be seen VPP should show 12 5 and OV levels depending upon the operation being performed Signals should be seen on those lines only after performing an MPLAB ICD 2 function from the MPLAB user interface Otherwise all these lines should be idle and noise free 6 5 LINK TARGET POWER MPLAB ICD 2 can work within a range of about 2V to 5 5V on the target PIC MCU s VDD The application must be powered by its own power supply Remember that the PGC and PGD UO drivers in MPLAB ICD 2 are powered from the target VDD see Figure 6 2 i DS51331C page 100 2007 Microchip Technology Troubleshooting Tips 6 6 LINK TARGET OSCILLATOR When programming a device it will program without a running oscillator but the d
19. dialog see Section 5 4 Settings Dialog Program tab Set up programming options Select Memories Program and External Memory Ranges ID and Program Options Erase All If programming the ID bits is desired set the value to be programmed in the Configure gt ID Memory dialog Warning tab Determine which warning messages will be displayed Can be useful to select messages if they are to be outputted to a file see Status tab Status tab In addition to auto connect on startup and self test control output messages may be selected to be logged to a file These messages may assist users or if necessary Microchip technical support in finding errors 2 6 2 Creating and Building a Project The easiest way to create a new project is to select Project gt Project Wizard With the help of the Project Wizard a new project and the language tools for building that project can be created The wizard will guide you through the process of adding source files libraries linker scripts etc to the various nodes on the project window See MPLAB IDE documentation for detailed steps on using this wizard After the project is created choose Project gt Build All to build the application This will create object code for the application that can be programmed into the target with MPLAB ICD 2 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 33 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 2 7 MPLAB ICD 2 DEVELOPMENT PROCESS The dev
20. executive The debug executive can only be downloaded by programming the target PIC MCU with the user s application from the Debugger gt Program menu selection There are other reasons that the debug executive might not be able to communicate such as target clock or power supply problems Check the Configuration bits to see that the Background Debug is enabled Look at Configure gt Configuration Bits to make sure that the Watchdog Tlmer is disabled code protection is turned off and that the oscillator setting is correct 8 2 5 Can MPLAB ICD 2 operate with a target device running at low voltage Yes As long as the target PIC MCU supports low voltage opera tion it can run down to about 2 volts VDD There are level converters in the input output buffers of the MPLAB ICD 2 These are powered from the VDD of the target device Also MPLAB ICD 2 will sense the operating voltage of the target and correctly adjust its functionality to deal with this operation i e using the correct Flash erase algorithms VDD needs to be selected From Target in the MPLAB ICD 2 Settings dialog and have a power supply on the target for low voltage operation O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 111 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 8 2 6 Does MPLAB ICD 2 support Low Voltage Programming LVP No But this does not mean that it will not work correctly when run ning at low voltage VDD on the target It just means that the progr
21. following at the bottom of the dialog Pass Count For the breakpoint set above break for the entered pass count value 0 255 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 87 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 5 6 3 2 EMULATOR FEATURES The following features apply independent of the breakpoint setup above Event Breakpoints For all breakpoints e Break on Stack Over Underflow Break on stack overflow or underflow Future feature e Break on Watchdog Timer Break on a WDT time out Future feature Break on SLEEP Break on a SLEEP instruction The SLEEP instruction will NOT be executed Running or stepping from this point will execute the instruction after SLEEP Enable Stopwatch Check to coordinate breakpoints with Stopwatch operation Halt on Start Condition Breakpoint 2 If checked halt program breakpoint 2 enabled and program Stopwatch go on Run If unchecked program continues to run breakpoint 2 disabled and Stopwatch is started Halt on Stop Condition Breakpoint 3 If checked halt program breakpoint 3 enabled and Stopwatch H unchecked program continues to run breakpoint 3 disabled but Stopwatch halted e Reset Stopwatch on Run Any time you run the program reset the stopwatch to zero Scroll Data Sample Output Check to scroll data sample information in the Output window if selected under Section 5 6 3 1
22. order of most to least frequently asked 8 2 1 Why does my system fail to program or verify Check the PGC PGD and VPP connections and voltages as described in Chapter 2 Getting Started Make sure the target PIC MCU has power applied If the target PIC MCU has AVss and AVDD pins verify that these are all connected properly 8 2 2 Why do need the ICD header adapters The low pin count parts that are supported by MPLAB ICD 2 could not be used very effectively if in circuit debug pins are reserved imagine losing three out of six I O lines on an eight pin part For this reason special bond out PIC MCUs have been manufactured O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 109 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide that can emulate these low pin count parts with an adapter and which will allow the use of all pins in the target application The bond out PIC MCU has the in circuit communications pins to inter face to MPLAB ICD 2 The advantage of this is that the low pin parts can be used in development with MPLAB ICD 2 The disadvantage is that these parts cannot simply have an MPLAB ICD 2 connector on the target application for in circuit debugging These bond out PIC MCUs are similar to emulator chips They can support more than one device Jumpers are available on the header boards to configure the chip to match the device under development These low pin count devices can be programmed with MPLAB ICD 2 using the Universal P
23. programming of specified memory areas program memory Configuration bits ID locations and or EEPROM data Erase Part Erase all data on the PIC MCU device including memory ID and Configuration bits O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 73 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide Blank Check Check to see that all device memory is erased blank Release from Reset Set MCLR to VDD Hold in Reset Set MCLR to ground zero Abort Operation Abort any programming operation e g program read etc Terminating an operation will leave the device in an unknown state Connect Establish communications between the MPLAB ICD 2 and PC Download ICD2 Operating System Download MPLAB ICD 2 operating system Settings Opens the MPLAB ICD 2 Programmer dialog Set up communica tion output file power and program options Also find out infor mation about the current system configuration and device limitations 5 3 2 Toolbar Program target device Program specified memory areas program memory Configuration bits ID locations and or EEPROM data Read target device Read specified memory areas program memory Configuration bits ID locations and or EEPROM data DS51331C page 74 O 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary Verify target device memory Verify programming of specified memory areas program memory Configuration bits ID locations and or EEPROM data Erase target device Erase all data o
24. read and write from Port B or GPIO without interfering with MPLAB ICD 2 Yes When the in circuit debug facilities are enabled PGC and PGD are always used by MPLAB ICD 2 and user code that reads or writes from PORT B will not interfere Note that the values read from PGC and PGD are not necessarily valid and writes to these two pins will be ignored In addition if interrupts are enabled for changes on Port B signals on PGC and PGD will not cause an interrupt 8 2 15 Why are the timers behaving erratically when single stepping This is one of the drawbacks of using the in circuit debugger Since code is actually running in the debug executive timers can continue to run during the operation of the debug executive even when the user s application program is halted 8 2 16 Why am getting warnings and errors when using the PIC12F629 675 or PIC16F630 676 The GP1 RA pins on these parts cannot be pulled high while using MPLAB ICD 2 Refer to the header board specification for more information on using MPLAB ICD 2 for these parts DS51292 8 2 17 What would make the power and busy LED blink on and off This may indicate that the target MPLAB ICD 2 connector is wired backwards opposite from the wiring diagram The blinking indicates that the MPLAB ICD 2 is shutting down due to high current The following tests indicate that the target is connected backwards Look for blinking Power and Busy LEDs power may go out altog
25. registers for its temporary variables If the PIC MCU does not run for whatever reason such as no oscillator a faulty power supply connection shorts on the target board etc then the debug executive cannot communicate to MPLAB ICD 2 and MPLAB IDE will issue an error message Another way to get a breakpoint is to press the MPLAB IDE s Halt button the pause symbol to the right of the Run arrow This tog gles the PGC and PGD lines in such a way that the in circuit debug mechanism of the target PIC MCU switches the program counter from the user s code in program memory to the debug executive Again the target application program is effectively halted and MPLAB IDE uses MPLAB ICD 2 communications with the debug executive to interrogate the state of the target PIC MCU 1 4 6 Debug Reserved Resources When developing with MPLAB ICD 2 you must be aware of the device resources reserved for debugging See Section 1 5 Resources Used By MPLAB ICD 2 for a list of reserved resources by device type O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 23 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 1 4 7 Programmer Mode When using the Programmer gt Program selection to program a device the in circuit debug registers should be disabled in the MPLAB IDE so the MPLAB ICD 2 will program only the target application code and the Configuration bits and EEPROM data if available and selected into the target PIC MCU The debug exec utive will not b
26. service helps keep customers current on Microchip products Subscribers will receive e mail notification whenever there are changes updates revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest To register access the Microchip web site at www microchip com click on Customer Change Notification and follow the registration instructions The Development Systems product group categories are Compilers The latest information on Microchip C compilers and other language tools These include the MPLAB C18 and MPLAB C30 C compilers MPASM and MPLAB ASM30 assemblers MPLINK and MPLAB LINK30 object linkers and MPLIB and MPLAB LIB30 object librarians Emulators The latest information on Microchip in circuit emulators This includes the MPLAB ICE 2000 and MPLAB ICE 4000 In Circuit Debuggers The latest information on the Microchip in circuit debugger MPLAB ICD 2 MPLAB IDE The latest information on Microchip MPLAB IDE the Windows Integrated Development Environment for development systems tools This list is focused on the MPLAB IDE MPLAB SIM simulator MPLAB IDE Project Manager and general editing and debugging features Programmers The latest information on Microchip pro grammers These include the MPLAB PM3 and PRO MATE II device programmers and the PICSTART Plus and PICkit 1 development programmers D DS51331C page 8 O 2007 Microchip Technology Preface
27. supply The demo board or your target application may also require an additional power supply if it is drawing too much power from the MPLAB ICD 2 module The MPLAB ICD 2 module can power a demo board target application of up to 200 mA for 5 VDC A power adapter is included in the following product kits Part Number Description Includes these Components DV164006 MPLAB ICD 2 MPLAB ICD 2 module USB Evaluation Kit MPLAB ICD 2 interface and RS 232 cables PICDEM 2 Plus demo board power adapter MPLAB IDE CD ROM DV164007 MPLAB ICD 2 MPLAB ICD 2 module USB Module SW MPLAB ICD 2 interface and RS 232 cables power adapter MPLAB IDE CD ROM AC162048 RS 232 Desk Top Kit Power adapter and RS 232 cable The power supply specifications for the MPLAB ICD 2 module and the PICDEM 2 Plus demo board are DC power supply 9 VDC 0 75A e With barrel connector ID 2 5 mm OD 5 5 mm barrel length 10 0 mm inside positive SU 55 noo 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 131 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51331C page 132 O 2007 Microchip Technology AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Index A ADORE oeh a it 7 72 74 Additional eni sie a 63 Advanced Breakpoint Dialog 05503301 Devices zav hah 89 ASPICSSF Devices cited id ned 91 Extended PIC18F Devices 85 Extended PIC18F Devices V2
28. the file name in the Project Window or use File gt Open 2 Select Debugger gt Run or click the Run toolbar button 3 Onthe demo board turn the arrow on the potentiometer RAO Observe the LEDs If the program were working correctly the user would see a binary representation of the voltage value across the potentiometer However there is a bug in the TUT452 program Section 3 10 Debugging TUT452 will detail debugging the code and correcting it 4 Select Debugger gt Halt or click the Halt toolbar button to stop the program execution 5 Select Debugger gt Reset to reset the program 3 10 DEBUGGING TUT452 Any of the following can prevent the TUT452 program from working The A D converter value is not being properly written to PORTB LEDs The A D converter is not on or has not been set to convert A typing error in the source code is causing the program to function improperly To explore the first possibility set a breakpoint at the line of the file that writes the value of A D result to PORTB 1 Highlight or place the cursor on the following line of code from TUT452 asm movwf PORTB Write A D result to PORTB 2 Right click to display a shortcut menu 3 Select Set Breakpoint from the shortcut menu This line is now marked as a breakpoint B in red stop sign as shown in Figure 3 10 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 53 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide FIGURE 3 10 SET BREAKPO
29. to it When MPLAB ICD 2 has its own power supply it can provide a limited amount of current up to 200 mA at five volts to a small target board MPLAB ICD 2 cannot be powered from the target board Power should be applied to MPLAB ICD 2 before applying power to the target D There are two power up sequences for the ICD Power Sequence When MPLAB ICD 2 is Providing Power to the Target Power Sequence When Target Has a Separate Power Supply 2 4 1 Power Sequence When MPLAB ICD 2 is Providing Power to the Target Use this sequence to power the target board from MPLAB ICD 2 This configuration allows up to 200 mA of current at 5 volts only 1 Apply power to MPLAB ICD 2 DO NOT power the target 2 Start MPLAB IDE 3 Under the Debugger menu of MPLAB IDE select Connect 4 After establishing communications with the MPLAB ICD 2 select Debugger gt Settings DS51331C page 30 O 2007 Microchip Technology Getting Started 5 In the Settings dialog click the Power tab and ensure that the check box for Power target circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 is checked Click OK Note If any of the self tests on the Status tab of the Settings dialog do not pass it may not be possible to erase and program chips See Section 7 7 Failed Self Test Error Vpp Vdd High Low for more information 2 4 2 Power Sequence When Target Has a Separate Power Supply Use this sequence to power the target board from its own powe
30. to sue for relief under that Act Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WRITTEN OR ORAL STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE RELATED TO THE INFORMATION INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION QUALITY PERFORMANCE MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use Use of Microchip devices in life support and or safety applications is entirely at the buyer s risk and the buyer agrees to defend indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages claims suits or expenses resulting from such use No licenses are conveyed implicitly or otherwise under any Microchip intellectual property rights Trademarks The Microchip name and logo the Microchip logo Accuron dsPIC KEELOQ KEELOG logo microID MPLAB PIC PICmicro PICSTART PRO MATE rfPIC and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A and other countries AmpLab FilterLab Linear Active Thermistor Migratable Memory MXDEV MXLAB SEEVAL SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A Analog for t
31. where file can be any valid file name Square brackets Optional arguments mcc18 options file options Curly brackets and pipe character Choice of mutually exclusive arguments an OR selection errorlevel 0 1 Ellipses Replaces repeated var_name text var_name Represents code void main void supplied by user au WARRANTY REGISTRATION Please complete the enclosed Warranty Registration Card and mail it promptly Sending in the Warranty Registration Card entitles users to receive new product updates Interim software releases are available at the Microchip web site 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 5 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide REFERENCE DOCUMENTS This document describes how to use MPLAB ICD 2 Other useful documents are listed below MPLAB ICD 2 Design Advisory DS51566 Please read this first Contains important information about using the MPLAB ICD 2 with your target design Readme for MPLAB ICD 2 For the latest information on using MPLAB ICD 2 read the Readme for MPLAB ICD 2 txt file an ASCII text file in the MPLAB IDE directory The README file contains update information and known issues that may not be included in this on line help file Using MPLAB ICD 2 DS51265 A poster showing the various ways you can set up MPLAB ICD 2 hardware Header Board Specification DS51292 A small booklet describing how to ins
32. 18C601 801 device For these devices you must create the routines that read write memory See Section 4 5 ROMless Device Considerations for details DS51331C page 116 O 2007 Microchip Technology General Troubleshooting 8 2 24 Why can t step through a return for my dsPIC30F device Make sure that you have checked the option to build for ICD i e go to Project gt Build Options gt Project MPLAB LINK30 tab and check Link for ICD2 e initialized the software stack i e use the startup module libpic30 a for MPLAB C30 or crt0 o for MPLAB ASM30 or consult a template to write your own SP and SPLIM initialization code Then you should able to step through a return from a function etc 8 3 COMMON COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS The following are a list of common problems with MPLAB ICD 2 communications both USB and serial 8 3 1 Communications cannot be established with MPLAB ICD 2 First click Debugger gt Connect If you cannot establish communi cations with MPLAB ICD 2 follow the steps below If communica tions still cannot be established contact Microchip Engineering Support 8 3 1 1 IN GENERAL 1 Check that the RS 232 or USB cable is connected securely to the MPLAB ICD 2 and the host computer 2 Check that the modular cable is connected securely to the demo board target application and the MPLAB ICD 2 module 3 Make sure there is power to the demo board target applica tion Check VDD S
33. 4 Tab Settings Dialog 44 4 50 Programmer tree v na ri S 37 Programming ns o 58 Programming Options 49 tee EE 33 Project WiZard air ion 44 PUSO rt o 18 DS51331C page 136 O 2007 Microchip Technology R Read 6 71 73 Read a Device iii 38 Read EEPROM is ruina 71 Real Time Execution cooocoococcoccccncccccccoconannnononncnnnnnncnnnnnnnnn nn nnnnnno 35 Kee EE 29 Release from Reset 74 Reserved Resources 24 Reset elle Kn EE 74 PrOCOS 1 1 NA cins 71 Rel ase from iii td da 74 KEE 18 RETELE yori a ae na 115 RETURN PAST Midi etna 115 ROMless Devices ocoocooccccocccoccccccccnccnncnnonnnnonncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnmnncnnnnn 65 001010 26 RUM EE 70 5 Selecting Device and Development Mode A 42 5011119591 ee dee gece 115 e Breakpoint TEE 53 Setting Program and Debug Options 48 Setting Up Hardware and Software 42 Settings Dialog ici as 33 SEtUp WiZard EEN 43 1 511200175 Te 103 Single SEPPI it 116 Status ET 115 DROP osti z s oki eebe Egeter eege 70 Step Mode Execution 006000060 36 System Components cooccccccnonoccncconannc
34. 401 1200 Australia Sydney Tel 61 2 9868 6733 China Beijing Tel 86 10 8528 2100 China Chengdu Tel 86 28 8665 5511 China Fuzhou Tel 86 591 8750 3506 China Hong Kong SAR Tel 852 2401 1200 China Qingdao Tel 86 532 8502 7355 China Shanghai Tel 86 21 5407 5533 China Shenyang Tel 86 24 2334 2829 China Shenzhen Tel 86 755 8203 2660 China Shunde Tel 86 757 2839 5507 China Wuhan Tel 86 27 5980 5300 China Xian Tel 86 29 8833 7250 India Bangalore Tel 91 80 4182 8400 India New Delhi Tel 91 11 4160 8631 India Pune Tel 91 20 2566 1512 Japan Yokohama Tel 81 45 471 6166 Korea Gumi Tel 82 54 473 4301 Korea Seoul Tel 82 2 554 7200 Malaysia Penang Tel 60 4 646 8870 Philippines Manila Tel 63 2 634 9065 Singapore Tel 65 6334 8870 Taiwan Hsin Chu Tel 886 3 572 9526 Taiwan Kaohsiung Tel 886 7 536 4818 Taiwan Taipei Tel 886 2 2500 6610 Thailand Bangkok Tel 66 2 694 1351 EUROPE Austria Wels Tel 43 7242 2244 39 Denmark Copenhagen Tel 45 4450 2828 France Paris Tel 33 1 69 53 63 20 Germany Munich Tel 49 89 627 144 0 Italy Milan Tel 39 0331 742611 Netherlands Drunen Tel 31 416 690399 Spain Madrid Tel 34 91 708 08 90 UK Wokingham Tel 44 118 921 5869 O 2007 Microchip Technology DS51331C page 142
35. Breakpoint Parameters DS51331C page 88 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary 5 6 4 dsPIC30F Devices The Advanced Breakpoints Dialog for 05210301 DSC devices contains the following options Breakpoint Combinations This section is grayed out unless there are two breakpoints The options are Both breakpoints must occur at the same time to cause a break Breakpoint 0 1 does not break until after breakpoint 1 0 occurs Click Swap BPs to change the order Breakpoints Breakpoint Select a breakpoint to set up either 0 or 1 Breakpoint Type Select the type of breakpoint Options below will change depending on the selection made here Disabled Breakpoint disabled default Other options grayed out Other Selections See tables below TABLE 5 4 PROGRAM MEMORY Breakpoint Type Program Memory Execution TBLWT Program Memory TBLRD Program Memory PSV Read Program Memory Enter the Program Memory Address of the Address breakpoint Pass Count Type Enter the pass count type if desired Pass counting disabled default Event must occur pass count times Break occurs pass count instructions after event Pass Count Enter a pass count value a number between 0 and 255 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 89 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide TABLE 5 5 DATA MEMORY BYTE OR WORD Breakpoint Type X Bus Write Specific Byte X
36. Bus Read Specific Byte Y Bus Read Specific Word X Bus Write Specific Word X Bus Read Specific Word Data Memory Address Enter the Data Memory Address of the breakpoint Data Value Specify a value that the Byte or Word must be equal to before breaking Pass Count Type Enter the pass count type if desired Pass counting disabled default Event must occur pass count times Break occurs pass count instructions after event Pass Count Enter a pass count value a number between 0 and 255 TABLE 5 6 DATA MEMORY Breakpoint Type Y Bus Read X Bus Write X Bus Read Data Memory Address Enter the Data Memory Address of the breakpoint Pass Count Type Enter the pass count type if desired Pass counting disabled default Event must occur pass count times Break occurs pass count instructions after event Pass Count Enter a pass count value a number between 0 and 255 DS51331C page 90 O 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary 5 6 5 dsPIC33F PIC24 Devices The Advanced Breakpoints Dialog for dsPIC33F DSC and PIC24 MCU devices contains the following options Breakpoints Tab Breakpoint Combinations Tab Emulator Features Tab 5 6 5 1 BREAKPOINTS TAB Breakpoints Breakpoint Select a breakpoint to set up either 0 or 1 Breakpoint Type Select the type of breakpoint Options below will change depending on the selection mad
37. C page 120 2007 Microchip Technology General Troubleshooting 8 3 1 4 USB COMMUNICATIONS CAUTION If the Windows OS picked a USB driver MPLAB ICD 2 will not work Follow the instructions in ICD2 Drivers cinicd2 htm of the MPLAB IDE installation directory to remove the Windows drivers and replace them with the correct USB drivers _ If MPLAB ICD 2 is powering a target application make sure a power supply is connected and the Power LED on the MPLAB ICD 2 module is on Make sure you have used the MPLAB IDE supplied USB driver for MPLAB ICD 2 N 8 3 2 Connection failure occurs when using a COM port 2 3 or 4 When first connecting to the MPLAB ICD 2 the default COM port is COM1 If you are using the MPLAB ICD 2 on another COM port select Debugger gt Settings and then click the Communications tab Set your COM port and baud rate here 8 3 3 MPLAB ICD 2 Connects But Target Operations Fail This can indicate that the VDD setting is incorrect The MPLAB ICD 2 can provide VDD to the target 5 volts only This is set in the MPLAB ICD 2 Debugger Settings dialog Power tab If Power target circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 is selected the MPLAB ICD 2 will provide VDD to the target the target does not need to be powered However ifthe target needs a voltage other than 5V or more than 200mA of current then the target cannot be powered by MPLAB ICD 2 and will require its own power source When you click
38. CE versions Device ICE for use with an emulator However these device may be used with MPLAB ICD 2 to provide the functionality of an ICD device Currently the following debug configurations are available Device has no built in debug circuitry Therefore Device ICD must be used for development Device has built in debug circuitry for development No Device ICD ICE available Device has built in debug circuitry for development Device ICD ICE available with built in debug circuitry plus additional pins memory for development DS51331C page 68 2007 Microchip Technology AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 5 ICD Function Summary 5 1 INTRODUCTION When you select MPLAB ICD 2 from the Debugger menu debugging functions will be added to MPLAB IDE When you select MPLAB ICD 2 from the Programmer menu programming functions will be added to MPLAB IDE The functions made available are summarized here MPLAB ICD 2 functions are added to MPLAB IDE as follows Debugging Functions Programming Functions Settings Dialog Setup Wizard Advanced Breakpoints Dialog 5 2 DEBUGGING FUNCTIONS When you select MPLAB ICD 2 from the Debugger menu debug items will be added to the following MPLAB IDE functions Debugger Menu Toolbars Right Mouse Button Menus O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 69 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 5 2 1 Debugger Menu Run F9 Execute progr
39. CUSTOMER SUPPORT Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels Distributor or Representative Local Sales Office Field Application Engineer FAE Technical Support Customers should contact their distributor representative or field application engineer FAE for support Local sales offices are also available to help customers A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document Technical support is available through the web site at http support microchip com O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 9 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51331C page 10 O 2007 Microchip Technology xX MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Part 1 Operation Chapter 1 MPLAB ICD 2 Overview 13 Chapter 2 Getting Started 25 Chapter 3 MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 41 Chapter 4 Additional Topics 63 Chapter 5 ICD Function Summary 69 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 11 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51331C page 12 2007 Microchip Technology AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 1 MPLAB ICD 2 Overview 1 1 INTRODUCTION An overview of the MPLAB ICD 2 development tool is given here MPLAB ICD 2 is defined and its operation explained Additionally device resources used during debugging are listed Topics covered in this chapter are What is MPLAB ICD 2 How MPLAB ICD 2 He
40. DE detects that the current MPLAB ICD 2 operating system is not correct for the selected device or there is a newer version of this operating system Uncheck to be prompted to download the OS If you choose not to download the OS it may be downloaded manually later using Debugger gt Download ICD Operating System Note Downloading an incorrect operating system will cause unknown errors It is recommended that you allow MPLAB IDE to automatically download the OS Click Next to continue 5 5 6 Setup Wizard External Memory Note This page will only appear if you have selected a ROMless device PIC18C601 801 Step 5 Specify amount of external memory Specify the amount of external memory you will use for your ROMless device The Start Address is always zero 0 Enter an End Address value in decimal or hex use Ox before number Click Next to continue O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 83 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 5 5 7 Setup Wizard Summary Check the summarized information If anything is incorrect use Back to return to the dialog you need and change the information Click Finish when you are satisfied with the MPLAB ICD 2 setup 5 6 ADVANCED BREAKPOINTS DIALOG In addition to the basic breakpoints that you may set right mouse menu and standard Breakpoint dialog MPLAB ICD 2 has an Advanced Breakpoints dialog Debugger gt Advanced Breakpoints The options on the Advanced Brea
41. ENVIRONMENT This section provides a quick summary on MPLAB ICD 2 operation Setting Debugging and Programming Options e Creating and Building a Project 2 6 1 Setting Debugging and Programming Options The easiest way to set up the MPLAB ICD 2 for operation is to use the MPLAB ICD 2 Setup Wizard Debugger gt MPLAB ICD 2 Setup Wizard Additionally these dialogs allow you to set or reset debugging and programming options Configuration Bits dialog Configure gt Configuration Bits Select the Configuration bits on the PIC microcontroller For complete details about these options see the Special Features Configuration Bits section of the data sheet for the device being programmed Note Configuration bits can be specified in the source code instead of setting them in this dialog When doing this every time the project is rebuilt the Con figuration bits will get reset to the values specified in the source code DS51331C page 32 2007 Microchip Technology Getting Started ICD Settings dialog Debugger gt Settings or Programmer gt Settings Set up communications power pro gramming and warning message output as well as view status limitations and version information You have previously used the Communications and Power tabs when setting up the MPLAB ICD 2 hardware The follow ing tabs are useful for completing the ICD setup For detailed information on these and the other tabs on the Settings
42. ICD Function Summary TABLE 5 1 MANUAL SELECTION OPTIONS CONT Preserve EEPROM Check to keep EEPROM memory on target from on Program being overwritten on programming Target EEPROM memory values are read into MPLAB IDE erased from the target and then written back to the target Uncheck to use EEPROM checkbox functionality under Memories Program Memory Start End The starting and ending hex address range in program memory for programming reading or verification If you receive a programming error due to an incorrect End address perform a reconnect correct the End address and program again Note The address range does not apply to the Erase function The Erase function will erase all data on the device Full Range Enter the full range of device program memory in hex External Memory Start End The starting and ending hex address range in program memory for programming reading or verification Note To select External your device must sup port external memory and you must have enabled Use External Memory in the External Memory Settings dialog Configure gt External Memory If you receive a programming error due to an incorrect End address perform a reconnect correct the End address and program again Note The address range does not apply to the Erase function The Erase function will erase all data on the device Full Range Enter the full range of device program memory
43. INT TI CATUTAS2TUTAS52 ASM QuE swapf ADRESH WU Swap A D result nibbles andlw Ox0f Mask off lower 4 bits movwf PORTE Write A D result to PORTE clrf PORTB WaitPush Pause while svitch is pressed btfss PORTA 4 goto WaitPush movwf PORTE goto Main Do it again end 4 Select Debugger gt Run or click the Run toolbar button to run the program once again in Real Time mode A breakpoint stops a program s execution when the pro gram executes the line marked as a breakpoint However the sample program is not halting 5 Select Debugger gt Halt or click the Halt button on the toolbar to halt the program now In the source code window the sample program will have halted on one of the two lines in the Wait routine as shown in Figure 3 11 at the arrow DS51331C page 54 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial FIGURE 3 11 PROGRAM HALTED E CATUTASZVTUTASZ ASM QuE bsf ADCONO GO Start A D conversion Wait btfss PIR1 ADIF Wait for conversion to complete gt goto Wait swapf ADRESH W Swap A D result nibbles andlw Ox0 movwf PORTE off lower 4 bits e A D result to PORTB z WaitPush Pause while switch is pressed btfss PORTA 4 goto WaitPush 2007 Microchip Technology Inc Based on the halt location and the fact that the program never reaches the breakpoint it can be concluded that the problem is i
44. O port to which the MPLAB ICD 2 is connected In the Flow Control field select Hardware Click the Advanced button deselect the Use FIFO box and click OK Reboot the PC to implement the change O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 119 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide Windows NT Note You may need administrator privileges on your computer to change these settings 1 On your PC select Start gt Settings gt Control Panel 2 In the Control Panel double click the Ports Icon 3 Double click the I O port to which the MPLAB ICD 2 is connected 4 Select the Port Settings tab 5 In the Flow Control field select Hardware 6 Click the Advanced button deselect the Use FIFO box and click OK 7 Reboot the PC to implement the change Windows 2000 XP Note You may need administrator privileges on your computer to change these settings 1 On your PC select Start gt Settings gt Control Panel 2 Inthe Control Panel double click the System Icon 3 Inthe Systems Properties dialog click the Hardware tab and click the Device Manager button 4 Double click Ports COM amp LPT to expand the Ports selection 5 Double click the I O port to which the MPLAB ICD 2 is connected 6 Select the Port Settings tab 7 Inthe Flow Control field select Hardware 8 Click the Advanced button deselect the Use FIFO box and click OK 9 Reboot the PC to implement the change DS51331
45. Selection dialog Configure gt Select Device to select the device to be debugged with the MPLAB ICD 2 Devices fully supported by MPLAB ICD 2 will have a green light icon next to MPLAB ICD 2 under Microchip Tool Support Devices with pre liminary support will have a yellow light icon Devices not currently supported will have a red light icon 2 3 4 Set MPLAB ICD 2 as the Debug Tool Select Debugger gt Select Too gt MPLAB ICD 2 to choose MPLAB ICD 2 as the debug tool The Debugger menu and MPLAB IDE toolbar will change to display debug options once the tool is selected Also the Output window will open and messages concerning ICD status and communications will be displayed on the MPLAB ICD 2 tab Note MPLAB ICD 2 may be selected as either a debug tool Debugger Menu or a programmer Programmer menu Do not select both 2 3 5 Configure the Interface Go to the Debugger gt Settings Communications tab to select the USB interface or the correct COM port for RS 232 communications O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 29 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 2 4 APPLYING POWER There are a number of configurations for powering MPLAB ICD 2 and the target The following are configuration essentials When using the USB connection MPLAB ICD 2 can be powered from the PC but a power supply must be connected to the target When using the RS 232 connection to the PC MPLAB ICD 2 must have a power supply connected
46. The type of file saved will depend on the type of memory read If you attempt to read a code protected device you will get a warn ing indicating that the device is code protected and that the pro gram memory may be invalid If this happens obtain the original hex code from a file or a non protected device DS51331C page 38 2007 Microchip Technology Getting Started 2 7 5 3 ERASE BLANK CHECK A DEVICE From the Programmer menu or toolbar select the following items to erase and then blank check a device Erase Device Select Erase to erase the device memory Note Internal oscillator and bandgap calibration bits are always preserved by MPLAB ICD 2 for the erase cycle Only during programming may their values be changed Blank Check Select Blank Check to verify that the device is erased blank 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 39 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51331C page 40 O 2007 Microchip Technology AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 3 MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 3 1 INTRODUCTION This tutorial walks you through the process of developing a simple project using the sample program TUT452 asm found in the directory C Program Files Microchip MPASM Suite Example This program is an implementation of the PIC18F452 analog to digital A D converter using the PICDEMTM 2 Plus Demo Board DM163022 The program configures the A D module to convert input from A
47. am code until a breakpoint is encountered or until Halt is selected Execution starts at the current program counter as displayed in the status bar The current program counter location is also rep resented as a pointer in the Program Memory window While the program is running several other functions are disabled Animate Animate causes the debugger to actually execute single steps while running updating the values of the registers as it runs Animate runs slower than the Run function but allows you to view changing register values in the Special Function Register window or in the Watch window To Halt Animate use the menu option Debugger gt Halt instead of the toolbar Halt or F5 Halt F5 Halt stop the execution of program code When you click Halt status information is updated Step Into F7 Single step through program code For assembly code this command executes one instruction sin gle or multiple cycle instructions and then halts After execution of one instruction all the windows are updated For C code this command executes one line of C code which may mean the execution of one or more assembly instruction and then halts After execution all the windows are updated Note Do not step into a SLEEP instruction DS51331C page 70 O 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary Step Over F8 Not available on MPLAB ICD 2 Performs the same as Step Into Step Out Not available on
48. amming voltages applied to VPP will always be 12V 8 2 7 Why do I have problems when configuring the PLL Oscillator MPLAB ICD 2 gets hung up This is a requirement of the actual PIC MCU After programming the Configuration bits for the PLL Oscillator power needs to be removed then reapplied to the target If this is not done the target PIC MCU will not have a clock With no clock Debug mode will not function Also if power is not removed and reconnected when switching to PLL mode the device may run but without the PLL multiplier 8 2 8 When try to install why are the drivers not found even though can see them in the driver folders and I point the driver wizard to the correct folder This problem can be solved by exiting from the driver install wizard and going to the Control Panel Add New Hardware selection After the system searches for new hardware choose No the device isn t in the list Then choose No want to select the hardware from a list Then choose Universal Serial Bus Controller and when the Have Disk button appears go to the driver folder MPLAB IDE ICD2 Drivers and select the proper driver 8 2 9 Can I use code protection with MPLAB ICD 2 No Code protection especially table read protection on any area in program memory will prevent MPLAB ICD 2 from functioning Do not use any code protection or table read protection configura DS51331C page 112 O 2007 Microchip T
49. ation Reference Documents The Microchip Web Site Development Systems Customer Change Notification Service Customer Support DS51331C page 2 2007 Microchip Technology Preface DOCUMENT LAYOUT This document describes how to use the MPLAB ICD 2 as a devel opment tool to emulate and debug firmware on a target board The manual layout is as follows Part 1 Operation Chapter 1 MPLAB ICD 2 Overview explains the MPLAB ICD 2 how it helps you and how it works Chapter 2 Getting Started describes the system com ponents provides installation and configuration instruc tions explains how to set up the environment and discusses the development process Chapter 3 MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial provides a tutorial using the Project Wizard Chapter 4 Additional Topics discusses upgrading firmware using hex files and linker scripts and provides information on ROMless devices and ICD ICE devices Chapter 5 ICD Function Summary describes all the ICD menus toolbars and dialogs Part 2 Troubleshooting Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Tips describes the chain of functionality Chapter 7 Self Test discusses the various self test features Chapter 8 General Troubleshooting provides answers to frequently asked questions discusses com mon problems and provides error and warning messages e Appendix A Hardware Specifications contains informa tion on the MPLAB ICD 2 module the cable and con
50. ations 5 2 2 Toolbars When the MPLAB ICD 2 15 selected as a debugger these toolbars are displayed in MPLAB IDE Standard debug toolbar Run Halt Step Into Step Over Reset See MPLAB IDE Help for more information MPLAB ICD 2 debug toolbar Program Target Device Read Target Device Read device EEPROM Reset and Connect to ICD 5 2 3 Right Mouse Button Menus The following will appear on the right mouse menus in code displays such as program memory and source code files Set Remove Breakpoint Set or remove a breakpoint at the currently selected line Enable Disable Breakpoint Enable or disable a breakpoint at the currently selected line DS51331C page 72 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary Breakpoints Remove enable or disable all breakpoints Run To Cursor Run the program to the current cursor location Formerly Run to Here Set PC at Cursor Set the Program Counter PC to the cursor location 5 3 PROGRAMMING FUNCTIONS When you select MPLAB ICD 2 from the Programmer menu pro gram items will be added to the following MPLAB IDE functions e Programmer Menu Toolbar 5 3 1 Programmer Menu MPLAB ICD 2 Setup Wizard Launch the ICD setup wizard Program Program specified memory areas program memory Configuration bits ID locations and or EEPROM data Read Read specified memory areas program memory Configuration bits ID locations and or EEPROM data Verify Verify
51. ave a modem or other serial device that is improperly configured Consult your Windows manual or other reference literature You can try removing reconfiguring or disabling the con flicting device but only do so if you are familiar with those procedures DS51331C page 118 O 2007 Microchip Technology General Troubleshooting If you have a COM port but MPLAB IDE will not let you select it the option is grayed out you may be able to assign the port manually by editing the mplab ini file Typically this occurs if you have a gap in your COM port list e you have a COM1 COM2 and a COM but no COM3 In this case you may be able to fix it by opening mplab ini use Find to locate this file and editing the section called MPLAB ICD 2 so that the setting CommPort 1 is set to the port you want selected This is just a work around to a deeper problem in which Windows is incorrectly reporting port availability through the 16 bit driver 8 3 1 3 CHANGING SERIAL PORT SETTINGS Complete the following steps to change the Flow Control and FIFO settings for a serial communications port on a PC running the Windows operating system Windows 98 ME 1 2 3 On your PC select Start gt Settings gt Control Panel In the Control Panel double click the System Icon In the Systems Properties dialog click the Device Manager tab If necessary expand the Ports selection by clicking the sign next to it Double click the I
52. ay be used with MPLAB ICD 2 and PICDEM 18R in the ICD2 subdirectory when mapping External Memory for ROMless devices 4 5 2 Additional Reference Documents e PIC18C601 801 Data Sheet DS39541 e PIC18CXXX OTP In Circuit Serial Programming DS39028 e PIC18XXXX MCU Family Product Overview DS30327 DS51331C page 66 O 2007 Microchip Technology Additional Topics 4 5 3 External Memory This section only applies to ROMless PIC18C601 801 devices File Click the Browse button to select the location of the WriteProgramWord and EraseProgramMemory files See PICDEM 18R Files You must use a different memory routine file for the 8 bit bus width and the 16 bit bus width devices The memory routine files must match the following naming conventions lt Memory Type gt lt Bus Width gt lt extension gt where lt Memory Type gt lt Bus Width gt does not exceed 8 characters Valid 16 bit filename examples 29F16016 hex SRAM16 hex Valid 8 bit filename examples 29F16008 hex SRAMO8 hex See the ICD801 Source folder for information on writing your custom routines These code routines will be used to program memory They must be relo catable and comply with the format used in the included source files Use Default Pro Select this option to use the default memory routines gram Routines provided with MPLAB IDE instead of providing your own memory routines See PICDEM 18R Files 4 5 4 PICDEM 18R Files There
53. breakpoint Pass Count Type Enter the pass count type if desired Pass counting disabled default Event must occur pass count times Break occurs pass count instructions after event Pass Count Enter a pass count value a number between 0 and 255 Enable Data Sample Check to enable data sampling View data in Output window ICD2 Data Sample tab DS51331C page 92 O 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary 5 6 5 2 BREAKPOINT COMBINATIONS TAB Breakpoint s must previously have been set up in Section 5 6 5 1 Breakpoints Tab for options to be available here ANDED Breakpoints Check the checkbox next to each breakpoint to AND together Breakpoint Sequencing Select a breakpoint sequence Swap Breakpoints Choose one breakpoint to swap with another 5 6 5 3 EMULATOR FEATURES TAB The following features apply independent of the breakpoint setup above Event Breakpoints For all breakpoints Break on Watchdog Timer Break on a WDT time out Break on SLEEP Break on a SLEEP instruction The SLEEP instruction will NOT be executed Running or stepping from this point will execute the instruction after SLEEP Enable Stopwatch Check to coordinate breakpoints with Stopwatch operation Halt on Start Condition Breakpoint 1 If checked halt program breakpoint 1 enabled and program Stopwatch go on Run
54. cation DS51331C page 26 2007 Microchip Technology Getting Started 2 3 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING MPLAB IDE FOR MPLAB ICD 2 Note When using the USB cable do not connect it before installing MPLAB IDE software To install the MPLAB IDE software first acquire the latest MPLAB IDE installation executable MPxxxxx exe where xxxxx represents the version of MPLAB IDE from either the Microchip web site www microchip com or the MPLAB IDE CD ROM DS51123 Setting Up Communications Starting MPLAB IDE Select the Device Set MPLAB ICD 2 as the Debug Tool Configure the Interface 2 3 1 Setting Up Communications MPLAB ICD 2 can communicate with the PC serially or using USB Note Do not connect both RS 232 and USB cables to MPLAB ICD 2 2 3 1 1 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS If using the RS 232 cable connect it to the MPLAB ICD 2 and the PC The Flow Control and FIFO settings must be set properly for a serial communications port on a PC with a Windows operating system See Section 8 3 1 3 Changing Serial Port Settings for instructions O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 27 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 2 3 1 2 USB COMMUNICATIONS Instructions are supplied with MPLAB IDE to install the USB driv ers These instructions will pop up during MPLAB IDE installation If you accidentally close these instructions they may be found at MPLAB IDE installation directory ICD2 Drivers Ddicd2nn ht
55. cation A 3 MODULAR CABLE AND CONNECTOR A modular cable connects the MPLAB ICD 2 and the target appli cation The specifications for this cable and its connectors are listed below A 3 1 Modular Connector Specification Manufacturer Part Number AMP Incorporated 555165 1 Distributor Part Number Digikey A9031ND The following table shows how the modular connector pins on an application correspond to the microcontroller pins This configuration provides the full MPLAB ICD 2 functionality DS51331C page 128 2007 Microchip Technology Hardware Specifications FIGURE A 1 MODULAR CONNECTOR PINOUT OF DESIGNER S BOARD Modular Microcontroller Connector Pin Pin Not Used RB6 A RB Ground Vdd BO Vpp 1 Bottom View of Modular Connector Pinout on Designer s Board A 3 2 Modular Plug Specification e Manufacturer Part Number AMP Incorporated 5 554710 3 Distributor Part Number Digikey A9117ND O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 129 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide A 3 3 Modular Cable Specification Manufacturer Part Number Microchip Technology 07 00024 Typ 2 places Pin 1 ES 3 15 00 D Pin DS51331C page 130 2007 Microchip Technology Hardware Specifications A 4 POWER SUPPLY The MPLAB ICD 2 module requires a 9 0 V 750 mA power
56. ced breakpoints are a function of the MPLAB ICD 2 For more information see Section 5 6 Advanced Breakpoints Dialog 2 123 STEP MODE EXECUTION Step mode execution can be accessed after the processor is halted Step Mode Execution occurs when you single step the processor or execute Debugger gt Step Into Step mode execution allows you to step through the code one instruction at a time to watch the pro gram flow and to see the register contents at each instruction as set in the dialog box Note While single stepping the MPLAB ICD 2 may not respond to interrupts See limitations for your device to determine if it supports stepping into interrupts 2 7 24 WRITING DATA EEPROM If data EEPROM is written during program execution the EEPROM window of MPLAB IDE will not reflect the changes You will need to perform a READ of EEPROM memory in order to update the values in the window If some register or memory values do not seem correct in other windows remember that MPLAB ICD 2 has reserved resources 2 7 3 Modifying Target Application Code and Rebuilding the Hex File To modify the code and rebuild the hex file 1 Open the source file double click on the file name in the Project Window or use File gt Open 2 Make the necessary changes to debug the code Rebuild the hex file using Project gt Build All 4 Select Debugger gt Program to program the device with the updated hex file e DS51331C page 36 O 2007
57. cnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnos 32 2 6 Setting Up the Environment s es 32 2 7 MPLAB ICD 2 Development Process 34 Chapter 3 MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 3 1 INTOQUCIUON nantes te atico 41 3 2 Setting Up The Environment 42 3 3 Running the Project Wizard 44 3 4 Viewing the Project 47 3 5 Creating a Hex File 48 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page iii MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 3 6 Setting Debug Options n 49 3 7 Setting Up the Demo Board n se 51 3 8 Loading Program Code For Debugging 51 3 9 R nning PUTAS E 52 3 10 Debugging TUT452 unica iii 53 3 11 Programming the Application 58 3 12 TUT452 Main Routine and Source Code 59 Chapter 4 Additional Topics dE EIER eege ok 63 4 2 Upgrading the MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Operating System EE 63 4 3 Creating Loading a Hex File 64 4 4 Special Linker Script Files 65 4 5 ROMless Device Considerations 65 4 6 ICDIICE Devices sense iia 68 Chapter 5 ICD Function Summary 5 1 ist 69 5 2 Debugging Functions 44525 69 5 3 Programming Functions 73 5 4 Settings Dialog tetitas 75 5 5 Setup Wizard 0006600660060 81 5 6 Advanced Break
58. ct MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger 1 Select Debugger gt Select Tool gt MPLAB ICD 2 The Debugger menu will then show the other debug options available Also the Output window will open to display connection information Note If MPLAB IDE attempts to connect on start up to the MPLAB ICD 2 but fails because a USB port or a COM port other than COM1 is being used allow the connection to fail The communications port will be setup in the next step 2 Select Debugger gt MPLAB ICD 2 Setup Wizard to set up ICD operation a Select a port COM or USB b Select target power supply c Enable auto connection feature d Enable automatic OS download feature e For ROMless devices set up external memory 3 Select Debugger gt Connect to connect to the MPLAB ICD 2 3 2 2 Updating MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Operating System Depending on the version of MPLAB IDE or the device selected a message may appear indicating that the firmware needs to be updated MPLAB IDE will automatically install new firmware The update dialog may look like this O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 43 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide FIGURE 3 2 UPDATING MPLAB ICD 2 FIRMWARE DIALOG ICDWam0030 ICD2 is about to download a new operating system If MPLAB is just starting it will appear to hang at the splash screen Please be patient MPLAB will finish it s intialization after the OS is downloaded Note You may wish to select to ignore t
59. cuits That Will Prevent MPLAB ICD 2 From Functioning Debug Mode Requirements For Debug Mode Debug Reserved Resources Programmer Mode D 1 4 1 ICD vs ICE The in circuit debugger ICD is a cost efficient alternative to an in circuit emulator ICE It can do many things that were previously done only with more expensive hardware but the cost benefits come with a trade off of some of the conveniences of an in circuit emulator If users are willing to design their application to be ICD compatible they can enjoy the benefits of a low cost hardware debugger DS51331C page 14 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Overview As opposed to an ICE some of the requirements of the in circuit debugger are The in circuit debugger requires exclusive use of some hardware and software resources of the target The target PIC MCU must have a functioning clock and be running The ICD can debug only when all the links in the system are fully functional An emulator provides memory and a clock and can run code even without being connected to the target application board During the development and debugging cycle an ICE provides the most power to get the system fully functional whereas an ICD may not be able to debug at all if the application does not run On the other hand an in circuit debug connector can be placed on the application board and connected to an ICD even after the system has been produced allowing eas
60. d the Configuration box will be checked and grayed out For the PIC18FXX2 devices all memory will be erased each time the chip is programmed Therefore in the Program Options section Erase all before Program will have no effect DS51331C page 50 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial The Program Memory addresses Star and End address set the range of program memory that will be read programmed or verified Click Full Range to set the address range to the maximum program memory available based on the device selected The end of program memory is adjusted to leave room for the MPLAB ICD 2 debug executive Pro grams cannot extend beyond this upper limit while using MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger For additional information on all the options on the Program tab see Section 5 4 5 Program Tab 3 7 SETTING UP THE DEMO BOARD Before beginning to debug make sure the PICDEM 2 Plus Demo Board is set up as follows EC OSC option has been selected by removing jumper 7 LEDs have been enabled using jumper 6 Power is supplied 3 8 LOADING PROGRAM CODE FOR DEBUGGING Select Debugger gt Program to program TUT452 hex into the PIC18F452 in the PICDEM 2 Plus demo board Note The debug executive code is automatically programmed in upper program memory for MPLAB ICD 2 debug functions Debug code must be programmed into the target PIC MCU to use the in circuit d
61. ddition please refer to the MPLAB ICD 2 Design Advisory DS51566 for hardware configuration issues Topics covered in this chapter are MPLAB ICD 2 Module Modular Cable and Connector Power Supply A 2 MPLAB ICD 2 MODULE The MPLAB ICD 2 module contains all debugging programming and control logic It is connected to either a PC s serial port via a 9 pin serial cable or a USB port via a USB cable and to the PICDEM 2 Plus demo board or target application using a 6 wire modular cable The module contains the firmware to provide serial communica tions to the PC to drive the MPLAB ICD 2 communications to the target application or demo board and to program a supported PIC MCU device using ICSP all from the MPLAB IDE The module can provide power to the demo board target application VDD source is selected in the MPLAB ICD 2 Settings dialog Power tab If the target application draws over 200 mA an additional power adapter must be connected to the demo board or target applica tion The target application also provides power to the module only for the purpose of logic level conversion O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 127 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide The MPLAB ICD 2 interface cable must be plugged into a modular connector on the application circuit with the appropriate connec tions to the PIC MCU device The interface cable carries the signals necessary to allow in circuit debugging of the target appli
62. debugger While in the Run mode register displays on the screen will not update To execute the code in real time 1 Open the source file double click on the file name in the Project Window or use File gt Open or program memory window View gt Program Memory for viewing 2 Select Debugger gt Run or click the toolbar Run button The processor will run until a breakpoint is reached or until the processor is halted by selecting Debugger gt Halt or clicking the toolbar Halt button 2 7 2 2 BREAKPOINTS Breakpoints allow you to specify conditional program halts so that you may observe memory register or variable values after a run time execution You may set breakpoints in either the file editor window the program memory window or the disassembly window You may set a breakpoint using either e Right mouse button menu click on the line in code at which you wish to set a breakpoint and select Set Breakpoint Breakpoint dialog open the dialog and enter a breakpoint at a specific address Note For most devices only one breakpoint will be set active at a time although you may specify more than one breakpoint in the breakpoint dialog i e one breakpoint will be active and the others will be inactive Breakpoints are a function of the MPLAB IDE and discussed in more detail in documentation for that tool 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 35 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide Advan
63. dialog the following Configuration bits should be set for this tutorial Oscillator EC OS2 as RAG this is for PICDEM 2 Plus if using another target change to match OSC Switch Enable Disabled Power Up Timer Enabled Brown Out Detect Disabled Watchdog Timer Disabled CCP2 MUX RC1 Stack Overflow Reset Disabled Low Voltage Programming Disabled All other Configuration bits should be disabled 3 6 2 Programming Options To set program options for this tutorial select Debugger gt Settings and click on the Program tab 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 49 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide FIGURE 3 8 MPLAB ICD 2 SETTINGS DIALOG PROGRAM TAB MPLAB ICD 2 S M Memories T Program Configuration EEPROM Im F Erena Program Memory hex Start oxo End oxo Full Range Automatically T Program after successful build Status Communication Limitations Power Program Versions Wamings Allow ICD 2 to select memories and ranges Manually select memories and ranges A Program Options M Freeze on He T Run after successful program OK Cancel Apply Help 21x 7 I Erase all before Program Preserve EEPROM on Program The Memories section should have Program checked and EEPROM and ID unchecked When using MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger Configuration bits will always be programmed an
64. e 27 lee ele EE 16 Internal Buffer Circuits 100 Internet Address 7 INterruptS cosita rita oleada een tte bee 114 East aia v 103 EUA PONY re ne tte 115 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 135 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide L 0000000 65 Loading Program and Debug Code 006600006666000 6 51 Cow Voltage isand ra 111 LVR ii A AA ee es 112 M MER tee geet 74 Microchip Internet Web Site 0600 6000000 7 Modular Interface Cable 16 20 6 MPASM annee 44 MPLAB a entero dE ege 13 0019 6067 EE 28 0 On Chip Debug Circuitry 68 Operating System Upgrades 63 Oscillator Target 101 P PGC RED acta plants 17 109 PICA 2 zo te aid cieessi teeth diets ite AT 41 RICDEM ASR eege E Eed E 66 PICDEM 2 Plus demo board 006666666000000 00606 0 41 Eiere 1 1 ads caia ee E E eege 2 114 Brel 110 59010161166 Eege dee EE Ee a 30 TAIL eaire ae E ha in 100 2100 AN na o a tas 71 73 Device for Debug 34 1 1006 e ee EE 2
65. e 77 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 5 4 5 Program Tab This tab ofthe MPLAB ICD 2 Programmer dialog allows you to set up debug programming options Allow ICD 2 to select memories and ranges MPLAB ICD 2 uses your selected device and default settings to determine what to program e Manually select memories and ranges you select the type and range of memory to program TABLE 5 1 MANUAL SELECTION OPTIONS Memories Program Check to program Program Memory into target Configuration Check to program Configuration Bits into target Note This memory is always programmed when in Debug mode EEPROM Check to erase and then program EEPROM memory on target Uncheck to erase EEPROM memory on target ID Check to program ID Memory into target External Check to program External Memory into target Note To select External your device must support external memory and you must have enabled Use External Memory in the External Memory Settings dialog Configure gt External Memory Program Options Freeze on Halt Set clear all peripherals to freeze on halt Erase all before Check to erase all memory before programming Program begins Unless programming new or already erased devices it is important to have this box checked If not checked the device is not erased and pro gram code will be merged with the code already in the device DS51331C page 78 O 2007 Microchip Technology
66. e critical elements that must be working correctly MPLAB ICD 2 must be connected to a PC It must be powered by an external power supply or the PC via the USB cable and it must be communicating with MPLAB IDE software via the RS 232 or USB cable See the on line help for details The MPLAB ICD 2 must be connected as shown to the VPP PGC and PGD pins of the target PIC MCU with the modular interface cable or equivalent Vss and VDD are also required to be connected between the MPLAB ICD 2 and target PIC MCU The target PIC MCU must have power and a functional run ning oscillator If the target PIC MCU does not run for what ever reason MPLAB ICD 2 cannot debug The target PIC MCU must have its configuration words programmed correctly The oscillator Configuration bits should correspond to RC XT etc depending upon the target design The target PIC MCU must not have the Watchdog Timer enabled The target must not have code protection enabled The target must not have table read protection enabled DS51331C page 20 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Overview Once the above conditions are met you may proceed to the following Sequence of Operations Leading to Debug Mode Debug Mode Details 1 4 5 1 SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS LEADING TO DEBUG MODE Given that the Requirements For Debug Mode are met these actions can be performed when MPLAB ICD 2 15 set as the current debugger Debugger gt Select Tool
67. e here Disabled Breakpoint disabled default Other options grayed out Other Selections See tables below TABLE 5 7 PROGRAM MEMORY Breakpoint Type Program Memory Execution TBLWT Program Memory TBLRD Program Memory PSV Read Program Memory Enter the Program Memory Address of the Address breakpoint Pass Count Type Enter the pass count type if desired Pass counting disabled default Event must occur pass count times Break occurs pass count instructions after event Pass Count Enter a pass count value a number between 0 and 255 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 91 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide TABLE 5 8 DATA MEMORY BYTE OR WORD Breakpoint Type X Bus Write Specific Byte X Bus Read Specific Byte Y Bus Read Specific Word X Bus Write Specific Word X Bus Read Specific Word Data Memory Address Enter the Data Memory Address of the breakpoint Data Value Specify a value that the Byte or Word must be equal to before breaking Pass Count Type Enter the pass count type if desired Pass counting disabled default Event must occur pass count times Break occurs pass count instructions after event Pass Count Enter a pass count value a number between 0 and 255 TABLE 5 9 DATA MEMORY Breakpoint Type Y Bus Read X Bus Write X Bus Read Data Memory Address Enter the Data Memory Address of the
68. e list on the right You will not be copying this file into the project directory DS51331C page 46 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial FIGURE 3 5 WIZARD ADD FILES LINKER SCRIPT Step Four Add any existing files to pour project Project Wizard y B 1814515 El E 18145391 E 1814481 lkr E 18f4515_e Ikr E 18f452 Ikr Ir E 25 e lkr _y E 19814585 kr kr kkr E 18f458 Ikr kr E 1814585 elkr Y Add gt gt Remove Check the box to copy the file to the project directory C Program Files MPLAB IDEMCH O C Program Files MPLAB IDE MCH lt Back Cancel Help 7 Proceed to the Summary screen If you have made any errors click lt Back to return to a previous wizard dialog If everything is correct click Finish 3 4 VIEWING THE PROJECT After exiting the wizard the MPLAB IDE desktop will again be visible Close all other windows on the desktop to see the Project window O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 47 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide FIGURE 3 6 PROJECT WINDOW inix Tut452 mcp E Source Files TUT452 45M Header Files Object Files Library Files E Linker Scripts 18f452i lkr Other Files Additional files can be added to the project using the project win dow Right click on any line in the project window tree to pop upa menu with additional op
69. e loaded In this mode the MPLAB ICD 2 can only toggle the MCLR line to reset and start the target A breakpoint cannot be set and register contents cannot be seen or altered The MPLAB ICD 2 programs the target using ICSP No clock is required while programming and all modes of the processor can be programmed including code protect Watchdog Timer enabled and table read protect Note A header board is required to debug smaller pin count parts with the MPLAB ICD 2 These parts can be pro grammed without the header by connecting the VPP PGC and PGD lines as described previously 1 5 RESOURCES USED BY MPLAB ICD 2 Refer the MPLAB ICD 2 on line help for up to date information on reserved resources DS51331C page 24 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 2 Getting Started 2 1 INTRODUCTION The use of MPLAB ICD 2 with MPLAB IDE software and an expla nation of power options and recommended power up sequences are discussed here Following this is a step by step tutorial using MPLAB ICD 2 Before continuing on to the tutorial be sure that the software and hardware is configured according to the instructions given here In addition please refer to the MPLAB ICD 2 Design Advisory DS51566 for hardware configuration issues Topics covered in this chapter MPLAB ICD 2 System Components Installing and Configuring MPLAB IDE for MPLAB ICD 2 e Applying Power e Connecti
70. ebug function will not work unless the target oscillator is functioning Unlike an in circuit emulator while debugging MPLAB ICD 2 requires that the target PIC MCU is running Testing may be necessary to make sure that the target system is executing instructions properly For instance a small program could be written to flash an LED and then programmed into the target PIC MCU with MPLAB ICD 2 debug disabled Disconnect the ICD and reset the target If the LED does not flash check the circuitry to find out why it s not operating If MPLAB ICD 2 is con nected after programming the target with debug disabled MPLAB can still toggle the Reset If it runs stand alone but not with ICD connected after selecting Debugger gt Run in the MPLAB IDE then the interconnections may be suspicious Use a scope to look at PGC PGD and VPP Make sure that the oscillator starts up quickly If it takes too long to get the target oscillator started then MPLAB ICD 2 can time out and give errors Make sure that the correct Oscillator mode is selected look at Configure gt Configuration Bits The Oscillator mode will depend upon the oscillator selected Try HS mode for a crystal and RC mode for an external resistor capacitor oscillator These settings may need to be changed for the final design but they are some of the easiest modes to start with Oscillator operation can be checked on OSC2 after Configuration bits are set at programming time and power is appl
71. ebugging capabilities of the MPLAB ICD 2 Programming may take a couple of minutes During programming the MPLAB ICD 2 tab of the Output dialog shows the current phase of operation When programming is complete the dialog should look similar to Figure 3 9 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 51 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide FIGURE 3 9 OUTPUT WINDOW MPLAB ICD 2 TAB Build Findin Files MPLAB ICD 2 Erasing Part Programming Program Memory Loading DebugExecutive Programming DebugExecutive Programming Debug Vector Programming RSBUG Programming Configuration Bits Verifying Program Memory Debug Executive Debug Vector Verify Succeeded Config Memory Programming succeeded MPLAB ICD 2 Ready 3 9 RUNNING TUT452 MPLAB ICD 2 executes in Real Time or in Step mode Real time execution occurs when the PIC18F452 in the PICDEM 2 Plus demo board is put in the MPLAB IDE s Run mode Step mode execution can be accessed after the processor is halted These toolbar buttons can be used for quick access to commonly used debug operations Debugger Toolbar Menu Buttons Run LP Halt 00 Animate DD Step Into e Step Over DS Step Out 0 Reset EN DS51331C page 52 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial Begin in Real Time mode 1 Open the TUT452 asm file double click on
72. echnology General Troubleshooting tion settings when debugging with MPLAB ICD 2 Code protection can be enabled when programming a part for testing without MPLAB ICD 2 8 2 10 How does MPLAB ICD 2 deal with Calibration Data It is automatically handled Any values that are in program mem ory that are used by the PIC MCU for calibration data will be read and preserved by MPLAB ICD 2 when erasing programming and debugging No action is required to protect this data 8 2 11 Why am getting erratic values from my EEData area MPLAB ICD 2 can read the EEData areas directly without going through the EECON register s required TABLRD sequence of instructions The buffers that MPLAB uses can sometimes interfere with the user s code Avoid going back and forth from program reads of data to MPLAB ICD 2 reads of the EEData area when single stepping code 8 2 12 Why does my program keep resetting Check the Configuration bits settings Configure gt Configuration Bits for your selected device Some reset functions such as Watchdog Timer Reset are enabled by default 8 2 13 Why is Erase All Before Programming grayed out In some of the newer Flash parts the programming algorithm requires that non contiguous areas of program memory are programmed in banks For these parts all memory must be erased before programming O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 113 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 8 2 14 Can my program
73. elopment process with MPLAB ICD 2 consists of these steps 1 Programming the Target Processor for Debugging 2 Debugging The Application 3 Modifying Target Application Code and Rebuilding the Hex File 4 Finishing the Application Using MPLAB ICD 2 as a Pro grammer 5 Additional Programming Options 2 7 1 Programming the Target Processor for Debugging To program the application project s code into the MPLAB ICD 2 for debugging follow these steps 1 Select Debugger gt Settings and then click the Program tab to set the programming options for your application 2 Select Configure gt Configuration Bits and set the oscillator and other Configuration bit settings appropriate to the target 3 Select Debugger gt Program to download your code and debug executive to the device in the application or demo board that is connected to the MPLAB ICD 2 Download time will depend on the memory used i e program memory EEPROM size of program and voltage 2 7 2 Debugging The Application To debug your code you must execute run it Real Time Execution Breakpoints Step Mode Execution Writing Data EEPROM DS51331C page 34 O 2007 Microchip Technology Getting Started 2 7 2 1 REAL TIME EXECUTION Real time execution occurs when the device in the demo application board is put in MPLAB IDE s Run mode When the MPLAB ICD 2 is run in real time instructions execute just as the processor would without the
74. ether Execute a Self Test and look for a min error on DS51331C page 114 O 2007 Microchip Technology General Troubleshooting MCLR VPP all other tests will probably pass Use the default address range for the target controller and execute a Program cycle A voltage level on pin 1 VPP of 7 8 volts is too low If the target was wired backwards protection circuitry in the MPLAB ICD 2 will prevent damage to the module Normal operation should be seen when the target is wired correctly The Error LED flashing indicates an over voltage condition on either the clock or data line on the ICSP interface This circuitry is in place to protect the buffers on the MPLAB ICD 2 from being damaged When a high voltage is detected greater than 6 5V a clamping circuit brings the clock and data line low Once this error occurs MPLAB will need to be reinitialized and the fault removed for operation to resume normally 8 2 18 What does the MPLAB ICD 2 Self Test do The MPLAB ICD 2 Self Test is helpful in determining problems with the MPLAB ICD 2 module or target connection For more details see Chapter 7 Self Test 8 2 19 Why are the W STATUS and BSR registers getting changed when using high priority interrupts with the RETFIE instruction The shadow registers which are used for high priority interrupts and CALL FAST are used by MPLAB ICD 2 These are reserved resources for MPLAB ICD 2 operati
75. fication for your selected device to determine the correct address 4 4 SPECIAL LINKER SCRIPT FILES MPLAB IDE provides separate linker script files that reserve the resources used by the MPLAB ICD 2 There is a separate linker file for each supported device The filenames contain the name of the device followed by an i Examples 18F452i 1kr for the PIC18F452 device e 18F4580i e lkr for the PIC18F4580 device with extended memory Customers that are using the MPLAB ICD 2 should use the linker file supplied for the device they are programming instead of the standard linker files 4 5 ROMLESS DEVICE CONSIDERATIONS Working with ROMless no on chip program memory devices is different from working with regular devices You must create the routines that read write memory For more information see Implementing the External Memory Interface on PIC18C601 801 Application Note AN778 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 65 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 4 5 1 PICDEM 18R There is a Microchip demonstration board PICDEM 18R avail able for development using ROMless devices Even if you do not purchase the demo board kit DM163006 you can download the software and documentation for free from the Microchip website and use it to help you develop your own code PICDEM 18R Demonstration Board User s Guide DS39565 PICDEM 18R Schematics PICDEM 18R Software MPLAB IDE contains files that m
76. flow Break on stack overflow or underflow Pass Count For the breakpoint set above break for the entered pass count value 0 255 5 6 2 Extended PIC18F Devices V1 The Advanced Breakpoints Dialog for Extended PIC18F devices version 1 contains the following options Breakpoint Number These devices support up to three breakpoints Enter a number and then set up that breakpoint below Change the number to set up another breakpoint Breakpoint is in Program Memory Check this checkbox if the breakpoint will be located in program memory Then enter the Program Memory Address as the location of the breakpoint O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 85 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide Breakpoint is in File Registers Check this checkbox if the breakpoint will be located in data memory file registers Then Read Access Write Access Specify file register access File Register Address Enter location of breakpoint e File Register Value If File Register Must be Equal to Fol lowing Value check the checkbox and then enter File Register Value Additional Breakpoint Setup In addition to breakpoint memory setup you may select the following e Break on Stack Over Underflow Break on stack overflow or underflow Pass Count For the breakpoint set above break for the entered pass count value 0 255 5 6 3 Extended PIC18F Devices V2 The Advanced Breakpoint
77. ge 76 O 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary 5 4 2 Communication Tab This tab ofthe MPLAB ICD 2 Programmer dialog allows you to set how the MPLAB ICD 2 and the PC communicate COM Port Select the COM port COM1 COM2 COM3 or COM4 for serial communications or USB for universal serial bus communications Default COM1 Baud Rate The initial COM port baud rate for MPLAB ICD 2 communications is 19200 After communications have been established you may wish to select the 57600 option for improved performance If you have increased communication errors at this speed change back to the default Default 19200 5 4 3 Limitations Tab This tab of the MPLAB ICD 2 Programmer dialog allows you to view MPLAB ICD 2 limitations for your selected device Brief limi tations are shown in the text box under the device For more detailed limitations click Details 5 4 4 Power Tab This tab of the MPLAB ICD 2 Programmer dialog allows you to view MPLAB ICD 2 and target power parameters and set the MPLAB ICD 2 to power the target View values for Target VDD Target VPP and MPLAB ICD 2 VPP If you know the values have changed since you opened the dialog you may click Update to see these values update immediately or wait for one of the conditions specified on the dialog Click in the checkbox to enable disable Power target circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 5V VoD 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C pag
78. gram tab to set the programming options for your application 2 Configuration bits will be set as defined in the source files To set manually select Configure gt Configuration Bits and O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 37 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide set the oscillator and other Configuration bit settings appropriate to the target 3 lfdesired set the ID bits by selecting Configure gt ID Memory 4 Select Programmer gt Blank Check to check that the device is blank has been erased and is ready to program 5 Select Programmer gt Program to download your code to the device in the application or demo board that is connected to the MPLAB ICD 2 Download time will depend on the mem ory used e program memory EEPROM size of program and voltage 2 7 5 Additional Programming Options As a programmer MPLAB ICD 2 has several other programmer functions besides simply programming the target device 2 7 5 1 VERIFYING THE PROGRAMMING Select Verify from the Programmer menu or toolbar to verify that the device was programmed correctly based on the hex code in MPLAB IDE memory and the settings on the Program tab of the Settings dialog 2 7 5 2 READING A DEVICE Select Read from the Programmer menu or toolbar to read the device memory based on the settings on the Program tab of the Settings dialog into MPLAB IDE memory Memory read from a device into MPLAB IDE memory may then be saved to a file File gt Export
79. hapter 4 Additional Topics 4 1 INTRODUCTION As you work with MPLAB ICD 2 to develop your application these are some additional topics that you may find useful Topics covered in this chapter are Upgrading the MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Operating System Creating Loading a Hex File Special Linker Script Files ROMless Device Considerations ICD ICE Devices 4 2 UPGRADING THE MPLAB ICD 2 FIRMWARE OPERATING SYSTEM By default MPLAB IDE will automatically download the correct and most up to date operating system for your selected device to the MPLAB ICD 2 This feature is selected from the Settings dia log Status tab by checking the checkbox Automatically down load firmware if needed If you have unchecked this checkbox you may manually download the operating system not recommended as follows 1 Select Debugger gt Download ICD2 Operating System or Programmer gt Download ICD2 Operating System The Select ICD Firmware File dialog will open Select the firmware file to download from the list or browse for it The file will be of the form icdxxxxxx hex where xxxxxx is the version number See the readme file for information on which file supports which devices N 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 63 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 3 Click Open MPLAB IDE will download the new operating system to the MPLAB ICD 2 Note If the wrong firmware is selected MPLAB ICD 2 will experience un
80. he Digital Age Application Maestro CodeGuard dsPICDEM dsPICDEM net dsPICworks ECAN ECONOMONITOR FanSense FlexROM fuzzyLAB In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP ICEPIC Mindi MiWi MPASM MPLAB Certified logo MPLIB MPLINK PICkit PICDEM PICDEM net PICLAB PICtail PowerCal Powerlnfo PowerMate PowerTool REAL ICE rfLAB Select Mode Smart Serial SmartTel Total Endurance UNI O WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A and other countries SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies 2007 Microchip Technology Incorporated Printed in the U S A All Rights Reserved i Printed on recycled paper DS51331C page ii O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Table of Contents Part 1 Operation Chapter 1 MPLAB ICD 2 Overview 1 1 Introduction eiii rd nee 13 1 2 What is MPLAB ICD 2 rd 13 1 3 How MPLAB ICD 2 Helps You 14 1 4 How MPLAB ICD 2 Works neeese 14 1 5 Resources Used By MPLAB ICD 2 2 ee 24 Chapter 2 Getting Started 2 1 Introduction sente ais 25 2 2 MPLAB ICD 2 System Components 26 2 3 Installing and Configuring MPLAB IDE for MPLAB 2 cedo 27 2 4 Applying Power 30 2 5 Connection Options occcccccc
81. his warning in the future Don t display this warning again DK Also since different MPLAB ICD 2 firmware is used for different families of devices this dialog may appear when switching to a different device The firmware can be manually changed by following the steps in Section 4 2 Upgrading the MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Operating System 3 3 RUNNING THE PROJECT WIZARD The MPASM assembler will be used in this project 1 To set up the first project select Project gt Project Wizard 2 Proceed to the second dialog of the wizard The PIC18F452 should be selected 3 Proceed to the next dialog of the wizard to set up MPASM assembler as the language tool In the Active Toolsuite pull down select Microchip MPASM Toolsuite Make sure that the tools are set to the proper executables by default located in the directory C Program Files Micro chip MPASM Suite MPASM assembler should be point ing to mpasmwin exe MPLINK linker should be pointing to mplink exe and MPLIB librarian should be pointing to mplib exe DS51331C page 44 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial FIGURE 3 3 WIZARD TOOLSUITE DIALOG x No language toolsuite Active Toolsuite Microchip MPASM T oolsuite nbler mpasr MPLINK Object Linker mplink exe MPLIB Librarian mplib exe Toolsuite Contents Location C Program Files Microchip MPASM Suite MPAsmWin exe Browse Help
82. hoose from where the target board will get its power Target has own power supply The target board will use its own power supply Power target from the MPLAB ICD 2 You may use the MPLAB ICD 2 to power the target board as long as MPLAB ICD 2 has a power supply the USB cannot pro vide enough power for both the MPLAB ICD 2 and a target board Target board power requirements are within what the MPLAB ICD 2 provide Click Next to continue 5 5 4 Setup Wizard Enable Auto Connect Step 3 Enable auto connection Set up MPLAB IDE to automatically connect to MPLAB ICD 2 on project start up MPLAB IDE automatically connects to MPLAB ICD 2 Check to connect on project start up Uncheck to connect manually i e using Debugger gt Connect CAUTION If there is a device other than the MPLAB ICD 2 on the port when you auto connect damage to that device may result Click Next to continue DS51331C page 82 O 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary 5 5 5 Setup Wizard Enable Automatic OS Download Step 4 Enable autodownload of operating systems Automatically download the correct OS for the selected device Note There are different operating systems for different devices Required operating system automatically downloaded to MPLAB ICD 2 Check to automatically download the correct OS for your selected device The OS will be downloaded when MPLAB I
83. ial FIGURE 3 14 USER ID MEMORY DIALOG x User ID 64100000 um mi E Cancel Help 4 Setup the parameters for programming on the Programmer gt Settings Program tab 5 Select Programmer gt Program Now MPLAB ICD 2 can reset and run the target MPLAB ICD 2 can also be disconnected from the target after selecting the Reset button the application will run 3 12 TUT452 MAIN ROUTINE AND SOURCE CODE The main routine of TUT452 asm Figure 3 14 begins by configuring PORTB the A D module and Timer0 It then waits for a Timer0 overflow to start the A D conversion of the value from the potentiometer When the conversion is complete the value is displayed on the LEDs and the program loops back to wait for another Timer0 overflow to start another A D conversion For more information on A D module operation and a list of related application notes refer to the PIC 18C MCU Family Reference Manual DS39500 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 59 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide FIGURE 3 15 TUT452 MAIN ROUTINE FLOW START Configure PORTB as All Outputs y Configure A D left justify Fosc 8 clock 1 analog channel y Configure TimerO Prescaler assigned to TimerO 1 256 prescale Timer0 Overflow Start A D Conversion Conversion Complete Write A D Result to PORTB O 2007 Microchip Techno
84. ied in debug or normal mode 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 101 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 6 7 LINK APPLICATION CODE Verify that MPLAB ICD 2 is programming properly by either running an LED blink test similar to that described in Link Target Oscillator or by programming code into the target device MPLAB ICD 2 will execute a verify function after programming to confirm that the data in the target PIC MCU matches MPLAB ICD 2 s program memory Programmer gt Verify can also be selected manually to compare the target PIC MCU s memory with the MPLAB IDE image If the target PIC MCU has AVDD and AVss ensure that they are connected properly These lines should be connected to power VDD and ground Vss respectively Consult the device data sheet for details MPLAB ICD 2 will not operate if any of these are available and not connected Make sure that Low Voltage Programming is disabled Configure gt Configuration Bits 6 8 LINK DEBUG EXECUTIVE When using the Debugger gt Program function from MPLAB IDE the debug executive will be downloaded and the in circuit debug registers in the target PIC MCU will be enabled Programming should always be done from the Debug menu not the Programmer menu when debugging When programming from the Programmer menu after turning MPLAB ICD 2 offas a debugger the debug executive will not be downloaded and the in circuit debug registers will be disabled By looking at the Configure g
85. in hex O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 79 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide TABLE 5 2 BOOTLOADER OPTIONS Enter your own bootloader or Browse for the file in User Memory Routines TABLE 5 3 AUTOMATIC OPTIONS Program after successful If the project builds successfully no errors build automatically program the device Run after successful If the device programs successfully no program errors run the program Note Ifyou are using the MPLAB ICD 2 you must check the Automatically Program after successful build in the MPLAB ICD 2 settings dialog on the Program tab Do not check Automatically Run after successful program 5 4 6 Versions Tab This tab of the MPLAB ICD 2 Programmer dialog allows you to view the version numbers for MPLAB ICD 2 elements MPLAB ICD 2 Version PC software DLL version Firmware MPLAB ICD 2 operating system Firmware Type Device type for firmware Firmware Version MPLAB ICD 2 operating system version Bootloader Version MPLAB ICD 2 bootloader version Debug Exec Version Debug executive module version 5 4 7 Warnings Tab This tab of the MPLAB ICD 2 Programmer dialog allows you to select which MPLAB ICD 2 warning messages you wish to display in the Output window This is useful for disabling warnings that you know you will ignore and do not want to view DS51331C page 80 O 2007 Microchip Technology
86. is a folder called ICD2 that was copied into the MPLAB IDE installation directory This folder has two files which can be used with the PICDEM 18R demo board DM163006 SRAM16 HEX allows program download to the static RAM 29F16016 HEX allows program download to the Flash memory 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 67 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide When using PICDEM 18R you must use one of the above files in the Location of WriteProgramWord and EraseProgramMemory dialog on the MPLAB ICD 2 Advanced Dialog Also you must remember to do an erase before programming as this is not done automatically For your own design which probably has different programming algorithms for the memory on your target you must substitute your own memory read write routine in order for the MPLAB ICD 2 to download code See the PICDEM 18R documentation for informa tion on writing your custom routines These code routines will be used to program your memory and care must be taken to ensure they are relocatable and comply with the format used in the included source files 4 6 ICD ICE DEVICES Special ICD versions of some devices Device ICD are available to provide the clock data and MCLR functions required for in circuit debugging on dedicated pins Therefore the ICD version necessarily has a larger pin count than the original device However no pins are lost to in circuit debug operation Also some devices have I
87. is set from the user interface of the MPLAB IDE the address of the breakpoint is stored into the special internal debug registers of the target PIC MCU Commands on PGC and PGD communicate directly to these registers to set the breakpoint address Next the Debugger gt Run function or the Run icon forward arrow is usually pressed from MPLAB IDE MPLAB ICD 2 will raise the VPP MCLR line to allow the target to run the target will start from address zero and execute until the program counter reaches the breakpoint address previously stored in the internal debug registers DS51331C page 22 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Overview After the instruction at the breakpoint address is executed the in circuit debug mechanism of the target PIC MCU fires and transfers the PIC MCU s program counter to the debug executive much like an interrupt and the user s application is effectively halted MPLAB ICD 2 communicates with the debug executive via PGC and PGD gets the breakpoint status information and sends it back to the MPLAB IDE The MPLAB IDE then sends a series of queries to MPLAB ICD 2 to get information about the target PIC MCU such as file register contents and the state of the CPU These queries are ultimately performed by the debug executive The debug executive runs just like an application in program memory It uses some locations on the hardware stack usually just one or two and typically about fourteen file
88. known errors 4 3 CREATING LOADING A HEX FILE Once the hex file is created imported you can use MPLAB ICD 2 to debug and or program your code 4 3 1 Creating a Hex File Ifyou need to create your hex code MPLAB IDE offers a complete development environment To create a hex file in MPLAB IDE Set up a project and related workspace to develop your appli cation For information on using projects and workspaces please see MPLAB IDE Help Use MPLAB Editor to create or import source code Use language tools specified under the Project menu to assemble compile your source code into hex code 4 3 2 Loading a Hex File If you already have a hex code file that you would like to program into your device i e you have used a tool other than the MPLAB IDE to generate your hex code you may load the hex code to MPLAB IDE To load a hex file into MPLAB IDE Use the File gt Import command DS51331C page 64 O 2007 Microchip Technology Additional Topics 4 3 3 Hex File Requirements Whatever tool you use to develop your hex code please keep in mind the following D Your code should be limited depending on the device because a portion of program memory on the device is reserved The start of EEPROM data memory needs to be specified For most PIC MCU s the start should be at 0x2100 org H 2100 For PIC18FXXXX devices the start should be at 0500000 org H F00000 Please check the programming speci
89. kpoint Dialog are dependent on your selected device PIC18F Devices Regular PIC18F MCU devices Extended PIC18F Devices V1 Version 1 extended PIC18F devices have an extended instruction set available for MPLAB C18 C compiler use that may be enabled through a Configuration bit XINST Extended PIC18F Devices V2 Version 2 extended PIC18F devices have the version 1 extended instruction set as well as additional Breakpoint capabilities dsPIC30F Devices dsPIC30F DSC devices dsPIC33F PIC24 Devices dsPIC33F DSC and PIC24 MCU devices 5 6 1 PIC18F Devices The Advanced Breakpoints Dialog for PIC18F devices contains the following options Breakpoint is in Program Memory Check this checkbox if the breakpoint will be located in program memory Then enter the Program Memory Address as the location of the breakpoint DS51331C page 84 O 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary Breakpoint is in File Registers Check this checkbox if the breakpoint will be located in data memory file registers Then e Read Access Write Access Specify file register access e File Register Address Enter location of breakpoint e File Register Value If File Register Must be Equal to Fol lowing Value check the checkbox and then enter File Register Value Additional Breakpoint Setup In addition to breakpoint memory setup you may select the following e Break on Stack Over Under
90. link must be functional for MPLAB ICD 2 to program and debug This section discusses these links to help find and fix problems if they occur FIGURE 6 1 CHAIN OF MPLAB ICD 2 FUNCTIONALITY SCH MPLAB ICD 2 o MPLAB ICD 2 T MPLABICD2 A Firmware MY otoa Targo Communication PICmicro MCU Z EQ We Target OSC emm _ In Circuit EE Debug Apolicati AN In Circuit pplication Debug Resources Debug Registers Executive Code E A RW _A O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 97 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide Functional links are covered as follows Link PC to MPLAB ICD 2 Communications Link MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Link MPLAB ICD 2 to Target PIC MCU Device e Link Target Power Link Target Oscillator Link Application Code Link Debug Executive Link In Circuit Debug Registers Link In Circuit Debug Resources 6 2 LINK PC TO MPLAB ICD 2 COMMUNICATIONS This link is the foundation for all subsequent links If it doesn t work MPLAB IDE will issue communications errors Make sure that the MPLAB USB drivers are installed according to the instruc tions Look at the Windows hardware manager dialog under the USB section to see that the MPLAB ICD 2 driver is properly installed on the PC If using RS 232 make sure that the FIFO buff ers are turned off and flow control is set for hardware in the COMM driver dialog If the MPLAB
91. ll PIC MCUs have the AVDD and AVss lines but if they are present on the target PIC MCU all must be connected in order for MPLAB ICD 2 to operate O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 17 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide The interconnection is very simple any problems experienced are often caused by other connections or components on these critical lines that interfere with the operation of MPLAB ICD 2 as discussed in Section 1 4 3 Circuits That Will Prevent MPLAB ICD 2 From Functioning 1 4 3 Circuits That Will Prevent MPLAB ICD 2 From Functioning Figure 1 3 shows the active MPLAB ICD 2 lines with some components that will prevent MPLAB ICD 2 from functioning FIGURE 1 3 IMPROPER CIRCUIT COMPONENTS VPP MCLR Specifically these guidelines must be followed No pull ups on PGC PGD they will divide the voltage levels since these lines have 4 7KQ pull down resistors in MPLAB ICD 2 No capacitors on PGC PGD they will prevent fast transitions on data and clock lines during programming and debug communications No capacitors on MCLR they will prevent fast transitions of VPP A simple pull up resistor is generally sufficient DS51331C page 18 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Overview No diodes on PGC PGD they will prevent bidirectional communication between MPLAB ICD 2 and the target PIC MCU 1 4 4 Debug Mode There are two steps to using MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger
92. logy DS51331C page 60 MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial PREKKKEK KE RK ARE RR RR RRA EK KEK KK KKK EK ie TUT452 ASM x ARE UK AK KKK RR KER EKER kuk kk EX list p 18f452 include p18f452 inc Reset Vector code 0x0 goto Start Start code 0x0002A clrf PORTB Erri TRISB movlw B 01000000 movwf ADCONO movlw B 00001110 movwf ADCON1 movlw B 11000111 movwf TOCO Main btfss INTCON TMROIF goto Main bcf INTCON TMROIF Put a GOTO at reset address Start app beyond vector area Clear PORTB PORTB all outputs display 4 MSB s of A D result on LEDs Fosc 8 A D enabled Left justify zl analog channel VDD and VSS ref s TMRO prescaler 1 256 Wait for 0 to timeout O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 61 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide bsf Wait bt ss goto swapf andlw movwf clrf WaitPush bt ss goto movwf goto end ADCONO GO PIR1 ADIF Wait ADRESH W 0x0f PORTB PORTB PORTA 4 WaitPush PORTB Main Start A D conversion Wait for conversion to complete Swap A D result nib bles Mask off lower 4 bits Write A D result to PORTB Pause while switch is pressed Do it again DS51331C page 62 O 2007 Microchip Technology AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE C
93. lps You How MPLAB ICD 2 Works e Resources Used By MPLAB ICD 2 1 2 WHAT IS MPLAB ICD 2 The MPLAB ICD 2 is a low cost in circuit debugger ICD and in circuit serial programmer MPLAB ICD 2 is intended to be used as an evaluation debugging and programming aid in a laboratory environment The MPLAB ICD 2 offers these features Real time and single step code execution Breakpoints Register and Variable Watch Modify In circuit debugging Target VDD monitor Diagnostic LEDs MPLAB IDE user interface RS 232 serial or USB interface to a host PC 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 13 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 1 3 HOW MPLAB ICD 2 HELPS YOU The MPLAB ICD 2 allows you to Debug your source code in your own application Debug your hardware in real time Program a supported device using Microchip s ICSPTM protocol 1 4 HOW MPLAB ICD 2 WORKS A simplified description of how MPLAB ICD 2 works is provided here It is intended to provide enough information so a target board can be designed that is compatible with MPLAB ICD 2 for both programming and debugging operations The basic theory of pro gramming and in circuit debugging is described so that problems if encountered are quickly resolved This section provides an overview of MPLAB ICD 2 followed by a description of MPLAB ICD 2 programming and debugging modes The following topics are covered ICD vs ICE Modular Interface Connections Cir
94. m where nn represents the version of Windows OS If the instruc tions support more than one version no OS version nn will be specified Note If you change USB ports hubs you will need to reinstall the drivers 2 3 2 Starting MPLAB IDE After installing the MPLAB IDE software invoke it by using any of these methods Select Start gt Programs gt Microchip gt MPLAB IDE VX XX gt MPLAB IDE where vx xx is the version number Double click the MPLAB IDE desktop icon Execute the file mplab exe in the core subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory For more information on using the MPLAB IDE software see MPLAB IDE User s Guide DS51519 Comprehensive guide for using MPLAB IDE MPLABS IDE Quick Start Guide DS51281 Chapters 1 and 2 of the user s guide The on line help for MPLAB IDE The most up to date information on MPLAB IDE The file Readme for MPLAB IDE txt Last minute information on each release Included in the MPLAB IDE installation directory Also see the file Readme for MPLAB ICD 2 txt for the most current information about MPLAB ICD 2 DS51331C page 28 O 2007 Microchip Technology Getting Started After starting MPLAB IDE it will need to be configured for MPLAB ICD 2 use 1 Selecta device supported by MPLAB ICD 2 2 Set MPLAB ICD 2 as the current debugger 3 Configure the MPLAB ICD 2 RS 232 or USB interface 2 3 3 Select the Device Use the Device
95. n the A D conversion The A D flag for conver sion complete is not being set A D conversion initialization and setup occurs at the beginning of the program To reset the program select Debugger gt Reset The first instruction should be indicated with a green arrow Open a new Watch window to watch the A D register value change as the program executes Select View gt Watch The Watch dialog opens with the Watch_1 tab selected Select ADCONO from the list next to Add SFR and then click the button ADCONO is added to the Watch window Repeat for ADCON The selected symbols should now be visible in the Watch window as shown in Figure 3 12 DS51331C page 55 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide FIGURE 3 12 WATCH WINDOW x Watch Sie x Add SFR ADCON1 7 Add Symbol 18F452 Z Address Symbol Name Value OFC2 ADCONO 00 orci ADCON1 00 Watch1 Watch2 Watch Watch 4 8 Inthe TUT452 asm source code set a breakpoint at the first instruction after Start Highlight or place the cursor in the following line of code from TUT452 asm clrf PORTB Clear PORTB Right click to display a shortcut menu Select Set Breakpoint from the shortcut menu This line will now be marked as a breakpoint 9 Select Debugger gt Run or click the Run toolbar button to run the program in Real Time mode This time the program will stop after it executes the break point line of code
96. n the PIC MCU device including memory ID and Configuration bits Verify target device is erased Check to see that all device memory is erased blank Reset and Connect to ICD Establish communications between the MPLAB ICD 2 and PC 5 4 SETTINGS DIALOG Select either Debugger gt Settings or Programmer gt Settings to open the Settings dialog and set up the MPLAB ICD 2 Status Tab Communication Tab e Limitations Tab Power Tab Program Tab Versions Tab Warnings Tab 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 75 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 5 4 1 Status Tab This tab ofthe MPLAB ICD 2 Programmer dialog allows you to set connection and message options Connect Status Connect Status Shows the current connection status Automatically Connect at Startup Enable disable auto connect on startup between MPLAB IDE and MPLAB ICD 2 Automatically download firmware if needed If checked the correct firmware for the selected device will automatically be down loaded to the MPLAB ICD 2 If unchecked you will be prompted before firmware is downloaded Messages Output to Debug File Enable disable the outputting of messages to a file Self Test Run Self Test Execute a self test on the MPLAB ICD 2 Self Test Results The results of the self test are displaved in Target VDD Module VPP MCLR Gnd MCLR VDD and MCLR VPP DS51331C pa
97. nector and power supply O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 3 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS GUIDE This manual uses the following documentation conventions DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS Description Represents Examples Arial font Italic characters Referenced books MPLAB IDE User s Guide Emphasized text is the only compiler Initial caps A window the Output window A dialog the Settings dialog A menu selection select Enable Programmer Quotes A field name ina Save project before window or dialog build Underlined italic text A menu path File gt Save with right angle bracket Bold characters A dialog button Click OK A tab Click the Power tab N Rnnnn A number in verilog format where N is the total number of digits R is the radix and n is a digit 4 b0010 2 hF1 Text in angle brackets lt gt A key on the keyboard Press lt Enter gt lt F1 gt O 2007 Microchip Technology DS51331C page 4 Preface DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS CONTINUED Description Represents Examples Courier New font Plain Courier New Sample source code define START Filenames autoexec bat File paths c mcci8 n Keywords _asm endasm static Command line options Opa Opa Bit values 0 1 Constants OxFF A Italic Courier New A variable argument file o
98. nnccnnnnnnnncnnno aea aa iaa 26 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 137 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide T Table Read Protectan a 20 3 Target Re 99 Oscillator 00 101 POWEf nta EE ane 100 TIMES a da Mel 114 6 Toolbar Ce 52 Troubleshooting 57 010 0 dl ir 52 Sourc Code 0 00101010101212 tada 59 OR Le TE 41 U Updating Firmware i1 600 066postonanti vtn nn 1 1 12 2 2 2 d tresse ala 43 USD re T v edd ee te 26 BI 98 110 UD a 110 V VOD see amant tates bea AN 17 VK 38 73 W KOR EE 115 Warranty Registration seresa nn 5 Watch Window 1 1 141 T 55 Watchdog UE WEE 20 Windows Device Manager none 110 VE ele TEE 7 Y YON LIINE cara eg 29 DS51331C page 138 2007 Microchip Technology Index NOTES O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 139 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51331C page 140 O 2007 Microchip Technology Index NOTES O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 141 Worldwide Sales and Service AMERICAS Corporate Office Tel 480 792 7200 Atlanta Tel 678 957 9614 Boston Tel 774 760 0087 Chicago Tel 630 285 0071 Dallas Tel 972 818 7423 Detroit Tel 248 538 2250 Kokomo Tel 765 864 8360 Los Angeles Tel 949 462 9523 Santa Clara Tel 408 961 6444 Toronto Tel 905 673 0699 ASIA PACIFIC Hong Kong Tel 852 2
99. on A problem will be encountered if a breakpoint is set inside a CALL FAST subroutine or inside the service routine for a high priority interrupt that uses the shadow registers with the RETURN FAST or RETFIE instruction O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 115 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 8 2 20 When setting a breakpoint at the first location in my program why does it stop at address 0001 rather than 0000 MPLAB ICD 2 stops at the instruction after the breakpoint This means that a breakpoint at address 0000 will be executed then the program counter will be pointing at address 0001 when it gets a breakpoint If a user needs to stop at the first instruction in their code they must put a NOP at address 0000 8 2 21 Why is my calibration memory displayed as the erase value MPLAB IDE is displaying the default memory value A device read must be performed with MPLAB ICD 2 to display the actual value on the device 8 2 22 When single stepping through the code my timer times out but why does my timer interrupt routine not execute When single stepping the in circuit debugger will not allow the PIC MCU to respond to interrupts Ifit did and users had external interrupts then single stepping would almost always end up in interrupt routines To debug an interrupt set a breakpoint inside the Interrupt Service Routine and Run to get a breakpoint after the interrupt 8 2 23 How do program a ROMless PIC
100. on Options Setting Up the Environment MPLAB ICD 2 Development Process 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 25 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 2 2 MPLAB ICD 2 SYSTEM COMPONENTS In addition to the MPLAB ICD 2 module the following components are required MPLAB IDE software version 6 20 or later Installed on the PC to control MPLAB ICD 2 RS 232 or USB cable To connect the MPLAB ICD 2 module to a COM or USB port on the PC Note Do not connect the USB cable until installation of the MPLAB IDE software and instructions for configuring the USB driver have been completed Modular interface cable To connect the MPLAB ICD 2 module to a header board demo board or the target application Note Although the serial or USB communications from MPLAB IDE to the MPLAB ICD 2 can be set up without a target connection MPLAB ICD 2 will not function as a debugger without being connected to a target Header board optional If an ICD device is used a header board will be required to connect the device with on board debug capabilities to the modular interface and the MPLAB ICD 2 The header may then be plugged into a demo board or the target application See Section 4 6 ICD ICE Devices Demo board or target application To connect the device with on board debug capabilities to the modular interface and the MPLAB ICD 2 Power adapter s To power MPLAB ICD 2 and the target appli
101. ource in the MPLAB ICD 2 Settings dialog Power tab O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 117 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 4 Check that the device is plugged into the demo board target application correctly e g all pins are plugged into the socket and the device is correctly oriented 8 3 1 2 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS 1 Make sure the power supply is connected and the Power LED on the MPLAB ICD 2 module is on 2 There may be a driver hardware incompatibility try chang ing Flow Control to Hardware and or turning off the FIFO for the serial port For specific instructions see Section 8 3 1 3 Changing Serial Port Settings 3 Check the settings on the MPLAB ICD 2 Setting dialog Communication tab Make sure you selected the correct COM port and baud rate for your application Note If you are having problems at a COM port baud rate speed of 57600 switch back to the initial speed of 19200 4 Try connecting the MPLAB ICD 2 module to a different port When first connecting to the MPLAB ICD 2 the default COM port is COM1 If you are using the MPLAB ICD 2 on another COM port select Debugger gt Settings and then click the Communications tab Set your COM port and baud rate here 5 Make sure that a COM portis properly set up exclusively for use by the debugger Check the resources to ensure they are operating properly and that there are no conflicts with other devices This commonly happens when you h
102. p Technology Inc DS51331C page 123 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 8 4 5 When single stepping the program runs too quickly OR some registers are not updated This is an upload of data issue See Section 8 4 3 When single stepping the program runs too slowly 8 4 6 When halting single stepping or stopping on a breakpoint MPLAB IDE seems to lock up Your program may not have locked up but may be running very slowly This is an upload of data issue See Section 8 4 3 When single stepping the program runs too slowly Also if you are using PIC16F87X device the first program mem ory location address 0x0000 must be a NOP instruction or you will not be able to single step past location zero 8 4 7 The following UO pins are not functioning correctly RB6 or RB7 These pins are reserved for debugging 8 4 8 One or more of my memory addresses Program or GPR is not correct Several GPR s and Program Memory locations are reserved for debugging 8 4 9 EEPROM window does not reflect changes In order to see the changes in the window you must do a read of the memory 8 4 10 Stack window does not reflect changes is blank This is a tool limitation See Chapter 11 Limitations 8 4 11 Program keeps resetting See Section 8 2 12 Why does my program keep resetting DS51331C page 124 O 2007 Microchip Technology General Troubleshooting 8 4 12 Execute Reset or MCLR command program does not re
103. points Dialog 84 Part 2 Troubleshooting Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Tips 6 1 Introduction 97 6 2 Link PC to MPLAB ICD 2 Communications 98 6 3 Link MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware 99 DS51331C page iv 2007 Microchip Technology 6 4 Link MPLAB ICD 2 to Target PIC MCU Mee 99 6 5 Link Target POWBT ta sms 100 6 6 Link Target Oscillator 101 6 7 Link Application Code ococccccccicccccccicnncccncinnn 102 6 8 Link Debug Executive 102 6 9 Link In Circuit Debug Registers 103 6 10 Link In Circuit Debug Resources 103 Chapter 7 Self Test 7 1 Introduction iiin a i 105 1 2 Target VOD BEE 105 7 3 Module MP Se tte 106 ZA MELRE GNT net ate 106 TO MOLR VOD iaa Ant 107 FO MELR a 107 7 7 Failed Self Test Error VPP VDD High Low 108 Chapter 8 General Troubleshooting 8 1 Introduction 109 8 2 Frequently Asked Questions 109 8 3 Common Communication Problems 117 8 4 Common Problems 122 8 5 Error and Warning Messages 125 8 6 Limitations oooooocccccccccncncnicnninnninininininaninnncnnns 125 Appendix A Hardware Specifications As IntrOduction dis 127 A 2 MPLAB ICD 2 Module 127 A 3 Modular Cable and Connector
104. programmed for the changes to take effect O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 57 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 14 Select Debugger gt Program to reprogram the MPLAB ICD 2 with the changes When the MPLAB ICD 2 dialog indicates Programming succeeded the program is ready to run again 15 Right click on the line of code that previously had the breakpoint now indicated by a red stop sign outline Select Remove Breakpoint 16 Select Debugger gt Run or click the Run toolbar button to run the program in Real Time mode Turn the potentiometer RAO to change the value displayed on the LEDs The source code in this tutorial contained only one bug However real code may have more Using the MPLAB ICD 2 and MPLAB IDE debugging functions users can successfully find and fix the problems in their code 3 11 PROGRAMMING THE APPLICATION When the program is successfully debugged and running usually the next step is to program the PIC MCU for stand alone operation in the finished design When doing this the resources reserved by the ICD are released for use by the application To program the application follow these steps 1 Disable MPLAB ICD 2 as a debug tool by selecting Debugger gt Select Tool gt None 2 Select MPLAB ICD 2 as the programmer in Programmer gt Select Tool menu 3 Optional Set up the ID in Configure gt ID Memory see Figure 3 14 DS51331C page 58 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Tutor
105. r supply For this configuration the target power can be 2 5 volts at higher currents than can be provided by the MPLAB ICD 2 gt 200 mA Check the PIC MCU data sheet to verify the operational voltage range for the device being used 1 Apply power to MPLAB ICD 2 DO NOT power the target Start MPLAB IDE Under the Debugger menu of MPLAB IDE select Connect After establishing communications with the MPLAB ICD 2 select Debugger gt Settings 5 In the Settings dialog click the Power tab and ensure that the check box for Power target circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 is NOT checked Click OK 6 Power the target system and then select Debugger gt Connect SUIS Note If any of the self tests on the Status tab of the Settings dialog do not pass it may not be possible to erase and program chips See Section 7 7 Failed Self Test Error Vpp Vdd High Low for more information O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 31 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 2 5 CONNECTION OPTIONS Once you have initially connected with the MPLAB ICD 2 you may continue to manually connect each time you select the ICD as a debugger by using Debugger gt Connect or you may set the ICD to connect automatically by checking Automatically connect at start up on the Status tab of Debugger gt Settings On connection for dsPIC DSC devices silicon version informa tion will be displayed in the Output window 2 6 SETTING UP THE
106. rochip Technology General Troubleshooting 8 4 2 Can t uncheck programming of Configuration bits in Debug mode For MPLAB ICD 2 to function in Debug mode the ICD must ensure that the Background Debug Configuration bit is pro grammed on the target Therefore configuration memory is always programmed when in Debug mode 8 4 3 When single stepping the program runs too slowly Upload of Data Issue Data is uploaded from the MPLAB ICD 2 depending on the amount of data displayed in the IDE e the size and amount of open debug windows e If your program is running slow consider closing some win dows or using Watch windows to view specific registers If not all register data is being updated you probably do not have all the registers visible when you run step That is if you step then scroll to find a register it will not have the updated data from the step execution 8 4 4 Single Stepping Slow when Programmer Enabled If you have a programmer enabled when using MPLAB ICD 2 to debug a part with EEData your stepping through code will be very slow Disable the programmer to speed up stepping time The slowdown occurs because the programmer must attach to the entire range of EEData so it can be programmed The debugger seeing that something is attached to the EEData whether a pro grammer or EEData Display will read back the entire range after each step in case the data was modified while running O 2007 Microchi
107. rogrammer Adapter or by putting an MPLAB ICD 2 connector on the target application to connect VPP PGC and PGD on these parts 8 2 3 I can t connect to MPLAB ICD 2 What do I do now Is the MPLAB ICD 2 power light on The LED should shine brightly If it is dim only USB may be connected and the user may need to connect the power supply The RS 232 connection from the PC cannot supply power to MPLAB ICD 2 but a USB connection can Note that some USB hubs cannot supply power Check the on line help for current troubleshooting hints Are the USB drivers installed properly The MPLAB ICD 2 USB driver should be visible in the Windows Device Manager dialog see Figure 8 1 Some USB hubs cannot supply power to the attached USB devices A power supply will need to be connected to MPLAB ICD 2 with these hubs DS51331C page 110 O 2007 Microchip Technology General Troubleshooting FIGURE 8 1 SYSTEM PROPERTIES DIALOG System Properties 1 21 xl General Device Manager Hardware Profiles Performance G View devices by type View devices by connection and game controllers 2 Serial Bus controllers tel 82371AB EB PCI to USB Universal Host Controller Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Client USB Root Hub E erties Rehesh Remove Pit 8 2 4 MPLAB ICD 2 responds with Target not in debug mode error What does this mean Usually this means that MPLAB ICD 2 cannot communicate with the debug
108. run When you select Debugger gt Reset to reset the program it will go to zero and halt The Reset command will not rerun the program when the MPLAB ICD 2 is in Debug mode 8 4 13 File Register window does not display Top of Stack Registers The three Top of Stack registers TOSU TOSH and TOSL are not displayed in the File Registers window when using the MPLAB ICD 2 8 4 14 Power and busy LED blink on and off See Section 8 2 17 What would make the power and busy LED blink on and off 8 5 ERROR AND WARNING MESSAGES MPLAB ICD 2 generates several error and warning messages Details on the meanings of most messages may be found in on line help for MPLAB ICD 2 Warning messages may be selected to display or not display using the Warnings tab of the Settings dialog All messages may be output to a file for debugging by selecting the Output to Debug File checkbox on the Status tab of the Settings dialog 8 6 LIMITATIONS MPLAB ICD 2 has limitations for both its debugger and program mer modes These and additional device specific limitations may be found in on line help for MPLAB ICD 2 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 125 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51331C page 126 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Appendix A Hardware Specifications A 1 INTRODUCTION Hardware specifications for MPLAB ICD 2 system components are listed here In a
109. s Dialog for Extended PIC18F devices version 2 contains the following options 5 6 3 1 BREAKPOINT PARAMETERS These options apply to the breakpoint specified in Breakpoint Breakpoint Number These devices support up to three breakpoints Enter a number and then set up that breakpoint below Change the number to set up another breakpoint Breakpoint is in Program Memory Check this checkbox if the breakpoint will be located in program memory Then enter the Program Memory Address as the location of the breakpoint DS51331C page 86 2007 Microchip Technology ICD Function Summary Breakpoint is in File Registers Check this checkbox if the breakpoint will be located in data memory file registers Then e Read Access Write Access Specify file register access e File Register Address Enter location of breakpoint File Register Value If File Register Must be Equal to Fol lowing Value check the checkbox and then enter File Register Value Data Sample Check this checkbox if the breakpoint will signify the start of data sampling Then File Register Address Enter location of breakpoint Data samples will appear in the Output window under the ICD2 Data Sample tab To have this information scroll select Scroll Data Sample Output under Section 5 6 3 2 Emulator Features Additional Breakpoint Setup In addition to the above breakpoint setup you may select the
110. t Configuration Bits menu selection it can be determined whether MPLAB is going to download the debug executive If the bits labeled Background Debug are enabled then the debug executive will be downloaded when the device is programmed 6 9 LINK IN CIRCUIT DEBUG REGISTERS Make sure that debug is enabled on the MPLAB ICD 2 dialog in MPLAB IDE before programming a device By looking at the Configure gt Configuration Bits dialog it can be verified that the DS51331C page 102 2007 Microchip Technology Troubleshooting Tips in circuit debug registers are enabled The line labeled Back ground Debug should say Enabled Programming should be done from the Debug menu not the Programmer Menu 6 10 LINK IN CIRCUIT DEBUG RESOURCES Look at the specific registers used for a device in the on line help The file registers or program memory areas reserved by MPLAB ICD 2 can not be used If using the xxxxxi 1kr linker script name ends in i then unless the script has been modified these resources will be marked reserved and will not be available to the application If the linker is not being used use CBLOCK or EQUS for variable storage in the code make sure that registers required by MPLAB ICD 2 are not used The in circuit debugger will not work if code protect or table read protect is enabled if the Watchdog Timer is running or if the oscillator is not set to the correct mode by the Configuration
111. tall and use MPLAB ICD 2 headers Headers are used to better debug selected devices using special ICD ICE device versions without the loss of pins or resources Universal Programming Module Instruction Sheet DS51280 A sheet describing how to use the UPM DS51331C page 6 2007 Microchip Technology Preface THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE Microchip provides online support via our web site at www microchip com This web site is used as a means to make files and information easily available to customers Accessible by using your favorite Internet browser the web site contains the following information Product Support Data sheets and errata application notes and sample programs design resources user s guides and hardware support documents latest software releases and archived software General Technical Support Frequently Asked Questions FAQs technical support requests online discussion groups Microchip consultant program member listing Business of Microchip Product selector and ordering guides latest Microchip press releases listing of seminars and events listings of Microchip sales offices distributors and factory representatives _ c J 0HH000 QQ gt _ _ _ gt _ _ ____z eo 1 83 2121 O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 7 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip s customer notification
112. the Reset button in Debug mode to reset the pro gram it will go to zero and halt The Reset command will not rerun the program when the MPLAB ICD 2 is in Debug mode O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 121 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 8 3 4 Command to program erase target memory failed Make sure that you have selected the appropriate Bus Width and Oscillator settings for the device you are programming 8 3 5 Programming error occurs when programming a range of memory on PIC18C601 801 For the PIC18C601 801 you need to align the End Address 1 so it can be divided by 8 For example Ox7FF or 0x1FFF7 If you receive a programming error due to an incorrect End Address you need to perform a reconnect correct the End Address and select Program again 8 4 COMMON PROBLEMS The following are a list of common problems you may encounter 8 4 1 Debug Mode Not Working 1 Make sure you have selected all of the areas of the device that you want to program Select Debugger gt Settings and click on the Program tab Select Memories as desired 2 Ifyou are using the Start End Address fields in the Memory Addresses section of the MPLAB ICD 2 Settings dialog Debugger gt Settings Program tab ensure that the Start Address is set to the beginning of an 8 byte block and the End Address is set to the end of an 8 byte block For example a Start Address of 0x10 and an End Address of 0x1F OEE DS51331C page 122 2007 Mic
113. tions for adding and removing files 3 5 CREATING A HEX FILE To create a hex file for debugging select Project gt Build All or right click on the project name in the project window and select Build All from the popup menu MPASM assembler always makes a hex file with the same name as the source asm file FIGURE 3 7 OUTPUT WINDOW CO O AEE Build Version Control Find in Files MPLAB ICD 2 Clean Deleting intermediary and output files Clean Done Executing C Program Files MPLAB IDE MCHIP_Tools mpasmwin exe g p18F452 TUT 452 ASM Executing C Program Files MPLAB IDE MCHIP_Tools mplink exe C Program Files MPLAB IDE MPLINK 3 60 02 Linker Copyright fe 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Errors MP2COD 3 60 02 COFF to COD File Converter Copyright io 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Errors MP2HEX 3 60 02 COFF to HEX File Converter Copyright ei 2004 Microchip Technology Inc Errors Loaded D Projects32 PIC18F452 Tut452 cof BUILD SUCCEEDED Thu Mar 18 14 18 49 2004 DS51331C page 48 O 2007 Microchip Technology MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 3 6 SETTING DEBUG OPTIONS Before you begin debugging your code you will need to set up or check the default settings of several items 3 6 1 Configuration Bits To set Configuration bits to be programmed into the device select Configure gt Configuration Bits By clicking on the text in the Settings column these can be changed In this
114. w specified limits 80 Max error VPP is above specified limits An error can indicate The target VPP MCLR pin is not correctly wired 74 MCLR GND Test the ability of the MPLAB ICD 2 to provide a ground level to the target VPP MCLR pin for target reset Pass Fail codes 00 Pass Ground can be provided to target VPP MCLR pin 80 Max error Ground level too high for target VPP MCLR pin An error can indicate The target VPP MCLR pin is not correctly wired Et DS51331C page 106 2007 Microchip Technology Self Test 7 5 MCLR VDD Test the ability of the MPLAB ICD 2 to provide VDD to the target VPP MCLR pin during normal operation such as Run Pass Fail codes 00 Pass VDD can be provided to target VPP MCLR pin 01 Min error VDD too low for target VPP MCLR pin 80 Max error VDD too high for target VPP MCLR pin An error can indicate Target voltage current mismatch from provided voltage current MPLAB ICD 2 pod hardware problems 7 6 MCLR VPP Test the ability of the MPLAB ICD 2 to provide VPP to the target VPP MCLR pin during programming operations Pass Fail codes 00 Pass VPP can be provided to target VPP MCLR pin 01 Min error VPP too low for target VPP MCLR pin 80 Max error VPP too high for target VPP MCLR pin An error can indicate The target VPP MCLR pin is not correctly wired O 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 107 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide
115. y testing debugging and repro gramming of the application Even though an ICD has some draw backs in comparison to an ICE in this situation it has some distinct advantages A connection to the application after it has been produced does not require extraction of the microcontroller in order to insert an ICE probe The ICD can reprogram the firmware in the target application without any other connections or equipment Note An ICE uses custom hardware to emulate the target microcontroller An ICD uses hardware on the target microcontroller to do some of the functions of an ICE An ICD also employs software running on the target to do ICE like functions and as a result relies upon the target microcontroller for some memory space CPU control stack storage and I O pins for communication 2007 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331C page 15 MPLAB ICD 2 User s Guide 1 4 2 Modular Interface Connections MPLAB ICD 2 is connected to the target PIC MCU with the modu lar interface cable which is a six conductor cable The pin num bering for the MPLAB ICD 2 connector is shown from the bottom of the target PC board in Figure 1 1 Note The ICD cable has mirror imaged connections on each end and connections on the MPLAB ICD 2 module are the opposite of connections shown here FIGURE 1 1 PIN NUMBERING FOR MODULAR CONNECTOR MPLAB ICD 2 Connector e e PGD 2 4 6 Tree poc TAS Target VPP MCLR Vss PC

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