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1. 1 0 0 1 0e 1 Frequency in Hz Res 781 3e 3 Hz nmm aj mw 20 Log FFT of Sink 2 dB 6 27 Simulation results in Analysis window for the third order example SystemView User s Guide 177 6 5 Manual Entry of Coefficients It is possible for the user to enter as many coefficients as needed into both the numerator N z and the denominator D z of the transfer function using N z D z 2 manually enter coefficients in the numerator select the text box that defines the number of coefficients for the numerator and enter the desired number Each successive coefficient is added by using the down arrow key or by pressing Enter The coefficients for the denominator are added in the same way After entry of the coefficients is complete the impulse response of the transfer function can be plotted versus normalized time This is done by selecting the Time button time is the default plot or the versus frequency plot by selecting Gain Clicking the appropriate button can plot phase response and the Group Delay System coefficients may be saved by selecting the Save Coefficient File item from the File menu at the top of the Linear System design window Example Custom Transfer Function 0 019 0 039 z 0 02 27 1 158 z 0 65 2 Enter the number of Numerator coefficients in the No of Num
2. 64 4 4 FREQUENCY RESOLUTION ccccssscccssssscecseececeesseeecsesaeeecseeeecessaeeecsesaeeeceeeeeesesaeeecseaaeeseseeeeenses 65 4 5WPDATE TIME VALUES E ee ee es 65 4 6 AUTO SET NO SAMPLES ve 4 nie tee des ec E ELE RR Re EXERCI 65 4 7 NUMBER OF SYSTEM LOOPS 65 4 8 MODIFYING THE SYSTEM SAMPLE 66 4 9 TOKENS AND MIXED RATE INPUTS 67 CHAPTER 5 THE SYSTEMVIEW 6 0 69 SOURCES dee fit nicum eb 69 STI Periodi Sources e eese 70 DLE 2 NoOISe PIN SOULCES S serate ceret 71 AperiodicSOUr Ges wert ENN BAM deest tee fedet pepe tte eee o ded 72 3 1 2 Import SOULCES de Eee deett ee 73 ARA e mE LE 74 5 2 T Analysis SUMS d 74 EA A N OEE RERO EE 75 SystemView User s Guide 6 3 2 3 GEGDhIC S A Eire deeds 76 3 2 4 Export Sinks i teca e Laas ee tt aE ne m dn er edd 77 9 3 OPERATORS e deer a a od re GO 78 5 3 1 Filters Linear System Operators esses 78 258 0 Sample Rte ten e Eee nest he re 79 3 3 3 Logic ODeFalOrsx ist eo o D UR CO QR IER 80 3 9 4 Integral DIfferentid
3. e Here p E E e Eae 309 16 3 USING THE COMPILER WIZARD AUTO SEQUENCE EDITOR sse 310 SystemView User s Guide 9 16 4 USING THE SYSTEM TOKENS sav 311 16 5 USING THE EXE LIST 311 CHAPTER 17 GLOBAL PARAMETER 8 2 14 1 2 8 0 011 04 0 1 2 313 ETA INTRODUCTION ce ope re ebat eee Te OE cesa enn 313 17 2 OPERATION eH C e E ep RE Qe oS D ce RYE TR Ya 315 7 BXAMPLEE APPLEIONTION 5 eoe cette eet IR 316 17 4 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ccccccccccccssssssececececsessnsececececseneseeeceeceseseseaecececseseaaeeeeeesenenees 319 CHAPTER 18 VARIABLE PARAMETER EDITING 1 1 320 TIS IAINTRODUGCTION iter ER Pirat 320 18 2 SETTING VARIABLE TOKEN PARAMETERG scsessssesececeessnsececececsesenseaecececeesenseaeeeeeeeeeenees 320 18 3 DYNAMIC PARAMETER EDIT NG 5 5 eerte rr eere ye hee ET ee eo aede e 322 CHAPTER 19 CUSTOMIZING 324 19 SYSTEM WINDOW nie Code bete peu adeo ete R edo Roose 324 19 2 ANALYSIS WINDOW Ue
4. tr 81 2 3 2Delav Operators i eie Het er Be aee 82 5 3 6 Gam Scale Operators ep et n ve ree oer eere a Ee 83 SA FUNCTIONS ener irr RR EYE HR RE OY ROT 84 5 4 1 Non Linear Functions 84 9 4 2 Functions GFYOUD 85 34 3 Complex FUNCIONS ere ts eua e Aqua auem ey 86 5 4 4 Algebraic Functions 87 5 4 5 Phase Frequency Functions esee eee 88 5 4 6 Multiplex Functions a e eaaa 89 3 9 MULTIPLIERS E E EI I ES ORE ATI 90 9 0 I ADDERS oe ette dot ai HR RU sade og ERE E RI UI EET ORT 90 2 9 CONTROL LOGIC SCHEDULER 55 4 6 6 eif teeth enano oe a dire o PHI 91 2 90 17 Complex Control i eee ea 91 536 2 Scheduler Example eto eee t cte tese ote eate tue toa 92 5 9 CUSTOM gspo P 98 DDL TNVALONINGIUS MEM 99 3 9 2 Features cda t Beaks ie re et eth de huge qae Coby ee Ee eee Une 99 3 9 3 5ystemView deed tee S ie deret ere reed 100 5 9 4 Custom Library Examples sese ennemis 101 5 9 5 USING a Custom Token in SystemView eese 102 5 9 6 Building a C
5. di tasin 0 Which represents the operation of a second order PLL An interesting presentation of the behavior of this system is to use phase plane trajectories which plot the frequency error vs the phase error The output Sinks 8 and 9 are the individual time histories Use the Sink Calculator to create a two dimensional scatter plot of the two output variables SystemView will allow you to plot any combination of such output pairs in this format Also note the dummy source used in this example SystemView User s Guide 345 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION OF 2nd ORDER PLL Phase Modulo pi to pi 5 Phase Rate i Dummy Source gt All systems require at least one source To view the phase plane use the Sink Calculator select Style Scatter select Sink vs Sink 9 then click Points Only button on the tool bar SystemView by ELANIX Figure A 5 1 Second order PLL System View ELA WES Window O ws Window 1 18 ws t9 3 4 2 4 1 4 400 3 0002 3 1 6 26 5 4 0 3 2 A i t u d p e 4 2 3 4 2 4 14 400 3 6000 3 1 8 26 Amplitude A 5 2 Second order PLL phase plane diagram Figure A 5 2 shows the phase p
6. 355 As I2 AUDIOEM SYSTEM ien tee ie So be ete eee ere 356 APPENDIX HELP TOPICS AND SHORTCUT ccssssssssssssersscccsssscsserscccssssssscesscees 357 SystemView User s Guide 10 SystemView ELAN IX Chapter 1 Welcome to SystemView Welcome to SystemView by ELANIX SystemView is a comprehensive dynamic systems analysis environment for the design and simulation of engineering or scientific systems From analog or digital signal processing filter design control systems and communication systems to general mathematical systems modeling SystemView provides a sophisticated analysis engine In concert with the Microsoft Windows family of operating systems SystemView helps you concentrate on the really important functions designing simulating and documenting your systems rapidly and efficiently And taking the next step to hardware implementation is a mouse click away with DSP development options Complex systems may be conceived designed and tested within SystemView using only a mouse your eyes and most importantly your mind There are no computer codes or scripts to learn no opaque syntax errors to battle nothing to interfere with your concentration on the problem at hand SystemView consists of two primary windows the System window and the Analysis window Design your system in the System window by selecting tokens from various libraries including Sources Sinks Operators and
7. Clear Display Every 128 Samples Always Animate Plot Windows Cancel e Animation Speed Scroll Bar Use for animation run speed e Show History Default On When this option is selected each point plotted will remain on the screen Otherwise each point is erased before the next one is plotted e Enhance Leading Pt Default ON When selected the leading point of the plot is made larger to allow following plot animation Manual Control Default Off When this option is selected the plot animation proceeds in one of two ways By tapping the space bar It will step through each of the points in the plot Alternatively holding the space bar down will cause points in the animation to continue to plot until the bar is released e Clear Display Every number of samples The display is cleared every number of samples selected by the user e Always Animate Plot Windows Default Off When selected all plot windows will be animated whenever they are redrawn when the zoom or Reset Scale button is clicked Otherwise a plot window is animated only when the animate button is clicked SystemView User s Guide 332 Windows SystemView Analysis Window x Colors Animation f Windows Annotation Printing Ext APG Default Plot Arrangement C Cascade Horizontal C Vertical Plot Sample Point Markers Show Sample Point Marker in All Windows Automatic Re Plot
8. Figure A 9 2 Microscan analyzer showing FH characteristic SystemView User s Guide 352 A 10 Root Locus File rlocus svu this example system shows the use of the root locus and Bode plot features in SystemView Note that the feedback connection between tokens 3 and 4 has been broken This allows SystemView to compute the open loop transfer function describing the Root Locus and Bode plots for the connected system Figure A 10 2 is the resulting root locus where the zoom feature has been used to enable examination of behavior near the origin Figure A 10 3 is the Bode plot for the same system SystemView Root Locus Example Before connecting token 3 to token 4 1 Click the Root Locus Button 2 Select S Domain Continuous Ctrl drag mouse to zoom in Root Locus 3 Click the Bode Plot Button Ctrl drag mouse to zoom in Root Locus Connect token 3 to token 4 before executing the system Connect token 3 to token 4 before executing the system SystemView by ELANIX Figure A 10 1 Root locus example SystemView User s Guide 353 4 5e0 3 5e0 2 5e0 1 5e0 5 0 1 5 0e 1 4 5e0 3 5e0 2 5e0 1 5e0 5 0e 1 5 0e 1 Figure A 10 2 Open loop root locus zoomed Frequency in Hz B 20dB div Figure A 10 3 Open loop Bode plot SystemView User s Guide 354 A 11 Audio System File Audio svu This example system shows how to use the special audio Sources and Sinks SystemView suppo
9. yis 0 li 505 Where H f is the magnitude of the ideal frequency response of the filter p 1 for the raised cosine filter and p 0 5 for the root raised cosine filter D is the Roll Off Factor and R is the symbol rate of the signal into the filter Impulse Response Amplitude vs Time in sec 41 samples AZ 0 100 e 3 200 e 3 300 3 400 e Figure 6 13 cosine filter impulse response with values in Figure 6 12 SystemView User s Guide 163 Truncated Sin t t filters Symbol Rate Hz r Number of FIR Taps 10 41 Duration 400 e 3 sec r Input Sample Rate Fs Hz 100 Trans Width 1 71233 Hz 4 Bandwidth 4 14384 Hz System Rate 100 Hz Cancel Figure 6 14 The Sin t t parametric design window Update The impulse response of the truncated Sin t t filter is defined as follows h t G Where is the specified Symbol Rate is an automatically computed gain factor used to enforce 0 dB gain in the Pass Band Because this filter is implemented in SystemView as an FIR the sampled data version of the above impulse response becomes In h n Cen ES AA Fs Where Fs is the sample rate as seen by the token is the specified Number of FIR Taps The duration of the impulse response is then N 1 Fs seconds When the input rate to this f
10. 1 4 In this example sawtooth source is driving the scheduler in Token 6 while the output from MetaSystem 10 drives the scheduler in Token 12 The outputs of the scheduler tokens 0 if false and 1 if true are combined to inform Token 13 to be true only when both Token 6 and Token 12 are identical 5 8 2 Scheduler Example Creating a sine wave source and adding Gaussian noise can create a simple system to display the behavior of the control logic scheduler SystemView User s Guide 92 Source Gauss Noise Std Dev 200 e 3 v Mean v eee eee eee eee Max Rate 100 Hz PE EMT ae Geen ee ad 4 Signal Noise t2 Rate Port 0 100 tn nn Token 1 4 4 Token 0 in this system is the new control logic scheduler In this system Token 0 is to control the operating behavior of the additive noise Token 4 It is set up to control by double clicking on the Scheduler token which gives the following dialog SystemView User s Guide 93 E Scheduler Token 0 E xl Eile r Input Control Token List P i 7 Algebraic Macro Gi Constant or Expression E Connect a token to this Scheduler to add to the list Define GO Defi
11. Log Group Functions Parameters 1 Log base default is Inputs x t Output y t Description Produces the logarithm of the input using the specified base y t Log 0 Name 2ch Multiplex Group Multiplex Parameters 1 No Samples from input A N 2 No Samples from input B N Inputs x t x2 t Outputs y t Description Multiplexes interleaves the two token inputs by taking N Samples from input 1 followed by samples from input 2 The token output rate is R times the maximum input rate where ut Where Note The sum of input rates 1 and 2 cannot exceed the system rate SystemView User s Guide 252 Pin Phase Mod Group Phase Frequency Parameters 1 Carrier amp 2 Carrier freq Hz 3 Carrier phase deg 4 Mod Gain Output Selection Quad sin In Phase Cos Inputs x t Outputs y t y t Description This token Phase modulates a carrier with the input signal according to y t 2 G x t 0 y t A cos 2z ft x t i Where A is the specified amplitude f is the carrier frequency G is the modulation gain and is the carrier phase offset E ame Plr Crt Group Complex Parameters None Inputs x t o t Outputs y t 0 Description Converts polar magnitude and phase inputs to Cartesian real and im
12. Click the trigger view button SIG TRG and adjust the trigger threshold using the mouse If the yellow trigger threshold bar is not visible click the mouse anywhere in the waveform display Click the button again to return to signal view mode It is possible to have two independent trigger levels internal and external trigger modes Selecting an external trigger source While the system is running click the INT button internal external trigger and then select any token in the system to designate the external trigger Z Channel Input The Z input modulates the probe trace either by changing the trace color or by changing the trace intensity select the mode using the Z toolbar button on the probe SystemView User s Guide 198 System Probe Tokens 14 amp 7 Oy x Freq Res 39 1e 3 Hz 4096 pt Sig aci tiny A gt em x 88 f FFT dBm in 50 ohms Figure 8 3 System Probe in the frequency domain mode 8 2 Dynamic System Probe Controls e des The LED indicates Probe status Flashing red means system is paused constant red means probe is waiting for valid trigger green means waveform is displayed in real time blue means the run has finished The SIG TRG button toggles between trigger internal or external view and signal view Use trigger view to adjust the trigger threshold Use the Slope button to select a trigger slope pos neg pos and neg or Off free run
13. Client Environment s True Windows WIN32s True Windows NT True DOS DOS in a Windows DOS Box True OS 2 If the 32 bit client application and Win32 NetSentinel server are running on the same workstation then the TASKING option of the CONTROL PANEL SYSTEM applet must be configured as Foreground and Background Applications Equally Responsive to avoid task scheduling problems 2 7 4 Known Problems Due to an incompatibility between NWLink IPX s router packet definition and Novell s routing software it is impossible to access a NetSentinel server across a Novell router NSRVNI NLM does not support the TCP IP protocol available in Novell Netware version 5 x only IPX SPX is supported SystemView User s Guide 28 2 8 Network Key Setup Client Follow the instructions to setup your client PC to access floating licenses provided by the network hardware key Install SystemView on the client PC and launch SystemView By default it will search for a non network key and if unable to find it the following dialog box will appear SystemView License Manager L9 Ex Select Setup A second dialog box will appear SystemView License Manager xf CEET ce If desired enter the server TCP IP address the protocol priorities and or the department name of the hardware key For more information on these options refer to section 2 11 Click OK and restart SystemView SystemView Use
14. Select Network Server Configuration x The network key allows clients to access floating SystemView licenses resident on the network key Select a server from the cl Ww Install the network key server as a service Install the network key server as an application to the Windows NT server The NetSentinel service is configured using the Services applet in the Windows NT Control Panel Description Windows NT service runs without requiring auser to logon You must install one of these servers to make the key available on the network NSSRVICE is a Windows NT service which allows you to make the key available without a user being logged on to the server PC To make the key available using NSRVGX a user must be logged on to the server at all times Select the service or application and click next Connect the SystemView hardware key to the parallel printer port and Restart Windows 2 5 2 NetSentinel NT Service This version of the NetSentinel security server is implemented as a Windows NT service that allows the server application to be automatically started whenever the Windows NT operating system is running It supports NetBIOS NetBEUI NWLink Microsoft IPX SPX compatible protocol and TCP IP protocols Important You will need Sentinel System Drivers Version 5 18 or later to run the NetSentinel NT service If an earlier version of the driver is in use an event log will be generated and the service
15. Addition subtraction The built in functions are abs cos log sin acos cosh log2 sinh asin exp log10 sqrt atan frac mod tan atan2 int pi tanh The equals button lower right opens the Units Converter window of Figure 3 7 It allows quick conversion of the value required for the application into the units presented in the Parameter window The window is also available by selecting Units Converter from the View menu SystemView User s Guide 54 Units Converter x Convert 1 Convert dBm mwatts dBm mwatts volts o p volts rms volts volts ims v 50 chms 1 ohm Copy Close Figure 3 7 SystemView Units Converter The standard or scientific Windows Calculator is accessed by clicking on the equals button at lower right corner of the Units Converter or by selecting Calculator from the View menu in the System window TIP Once a token is defined you may bypass the token library screen and go to the Parameter window by clicking the right mouse button and selecting Edit Parameters 3 3 11 Connecting and Disconnecting Tokens System View has two ways to connect tokens The user can place the mouse on the from token until an UP arrow appears then click the left mouse button and drag the m wire to the to token Or to connect tokens click the Connect button Ba on the toolbar and then click the from token followed by the
16. Date 11 Oct File Name C SysVu_32 Examples hermpoly svu Title Schroedinger s Equation Created by ELANIX System Time 0 6 0e 0 sec dT 5 0e 4 sec Sample Rate 2 0e 3 Hz Samples 12001 Loops 1 Token Attribute Type Parameters 0 Operator Negate 1 Operator Integrator Zero Order Initial Condition 0 2 Operator Integrator Zero Order Initial Condition 1 3 Source Time Gain 1 Offset 0 4 Function Poly 21 0 1 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 5 Multiplier 6 Sink Analysis Figure 11 3 Result when using System Summary mode to print system screen SystemView User s Guide 226 11 4 Print System Connection List This option will print a list of the tokens the attributes and the type in addition to all related input and output tokens SystemView by ELANIX SYSTEM CONNECTION LIST Date 11 Oct File Name C SysVu_32 Examples hermpoly svu Title Schroedinger s Equation Created by ELANIX Token Attribute Type Input Tokens Output Tokens 0 Operator Negate 5 1 1 Operator Integrator 0 2 2 Operator Integrator 1 5 6 3 Source Time 4 4 Function Poly 3 5 5 Multiplier 2 4 0 6 Sink Analysis 2 Figure 11 4 Result when using Connection List mode to print system screen SystemView User s Guide 227 11 5 Printing In Color To print in color click the Preferences menu and select Customize Click the System Colors tab and select Print In Color 11 6 Printer Setup Click Printer Se
17. Engineering Notation Noise Temperature deg K 300 Fix Random Seed 12345 Allow Warning Messages Show Locus in System Root Plots Short Format for Data List Sinks Faster user response during run Alert when Simulation Complete OK Cancel Reset Engineering Notation Default On When this is on SystemView will display all numeric information in engineering notation using multiples of 3 for powers of 10 such that 12345 Hz is displayed as 12 345e 3 Hz When Engineering Notation is off 12345 Hz is displayed as 1 2345e 4 Hz Fix Random Seed Default Off When selected SystemView will use the random seed specified for all random number generation This allows the running of systems that contain random elements e g a Noise Source while repeating the same random sequences exactly for each run When not selected SystemView uses the time of day in msec to generate a new seed for each run Show Locus in System Root Plots When selected SystemView will show the locus in System root locus plot see chapter 15 Faster user response during run Default On When selected SystemView releases control of the Windows operating system more frequently allowing a quicker response time for pending tasks such as keyboard input SystemView User s Guide 327 Noise Temperature deg Default 300 This is the environment temperature specified in degrees Kelvin used in
18. MetaSystems may contain other MetaSystems and may be used to add multiple levels of hierarchy to a design e Connections and token parameters within MetaSystems can be changed and new tokens may be added e MetaSystems may incorporate multiple I O tokens e When viewing a MetaSystem place the pointer on an I O token The information window will display a description of tokens in the previous level that are connected to the selected I O token Any changes made to the parameters of tokens within a MetaSystem remain local unless all links are updated from MetaSystem Auto Links section They are not distributed globally to other copies of a MetaSystem within the same design nor to the original MetaSystem source file Warning Changes to the source file will not affect other systems that have imported the MetaSystem prior to the changes being made To update existing files with the new version of the MetaSystem edit the MetaSystem Auto Links and Update All Links or Selected Links from the Tools menu in SystemView The user may open multiple MetaSystems and perform connectivity and copy tokens between the opened MetaSystems Figure 7 8 below shows two MetaSystems open in the SystemView design space Use the mouse to drag and drop tokens between MetaSystems If a connection is desired from one MetaSystem to another simply drag the desired connection between MetaSystems The connection will appear within the SystemView design space O
19. Remove Non Checked SystemView User s Guide 94 The Advanced option in the Scheduler Token dialog box allows the user to define the Disabled Token Output Value Scheduler Initial Condition and System Control options The disabled token may output a custom value the last value or null data The above example sets the disabled token to a custom value of zero The Scheduler initial condition may be enabled or disabled with either a true or false output The Scheduler token may also provide System level control regulating the loop control operation system execution or scheduler activity Scheduler Advanced Settings 4 m Disabled Token Output Yalue _ System Control mi 0 Pause Execution Jump to Next Loop Last Value C Halt Execution Disable All Schedulers C None Null Include This Scheduler m Scheduler Initial Condition Enable System Control True C False Enable Initial Condition OK Note that the Scheduler Token dialog box has access to the Global Expressions Gi of the system which can also be used in defining the Scheduler expression F All of the parser functions available to SystemView users such as AND sin x and others are available for use in defining F Additionally the expression F can be defined as a function of the input to the scheduler The Input Token Control List P i is a list of token outputs th
20. The SVLOCAL structure contains information that is unique to each token The parameter fields are valid only at initialization Name Description Number of connected inputs for a token Pointer to array of pointers to input structure nParameters_ Number of parameters for a token parameter_ Pointer to array of parameters stringParameter_ Pointer to a null terminated character string parameter userMemory_ Pointer to memory allocated for a function to support multiple instances tokens of itself Token number that is displayed on the icon outputUsed_ Pointer to a Boolean array indicating if the output is connected 0O Not Connected 1 Connected SystemView User s Guide 118 5 9 7 1 4 UserCodeDialogInfo The UserCodeDialogInfo typedef provides a structure for SystemView requests to a user code custom parameter dialog and also resources to satisfy these requests info Pointer to string memory hSvuWindow SystemView handle parameter Pointer to custom parameter structure 5 9 7 2 anyname DEF This file exports custom library function names for reference by SystemView The USERCODE special function name is always required as well as the names of all other functions that should be made known to SystemView Two optionally exported special function names are PASSWORD and PARAMETER In conjunction with SystemView the PASSWORD function allows the use of code to place access restrictions on its use If PASSWORD is not in the
21. in the Number of Sections window The Section Number window will initially read 1 e Enter the coefficients for the first section in each s coefficient text box e Click the Next Section button and the Section Number changes to 2 e Enter the coefficients for the second section e Click the Update Roots button to see the system poles and zeros e Click the Root Locus button to see the plot shown in Figure 6 24 Press the Ctrl key and click drag the mouse to zoom any portion of the display e Placing the mouse over a pole changes the pointer to indicate the capability to move the pole to a new location to see the resulting gain and frequency response 4 SystemView Continuous Root Locus File Edit Preferences Freq 2 237 1 Hz Gain 3 958e 1 251 34 1 0e2 6 0e1 2 0e1 Gain Parameters lose Linear Min Max Gain No Samples m 2 Gove 10 e 3 25 50 P7 Figure 6 24 Root Locus plot and Quick View Bode plot for the third order example SystemView User s Guide 175 e Click the Bode Plot button to see the plot in Figure 6 25 Press the Ctrl key and click drag the mouse to zoom any portion of the display Click the Close button Gaine 1 0e 1 1 0e 0 1 0 1 Phase 104 Po Py an 0 10 104 204 90 304 404 50 180 604 704 M 270 804 Frequency in Hz ttt tH 446 1 dB div 1 0e 1 1 0 0
22. Fixed No Taps B Est Taps 81 Enabled Iterations 5 Lipase Finish Cancel Figure 6 3 The Low Pass filter design window On the bottom of the window text boxes are provided to define the number of FIR taps the In Band Ripple and the maximum number of iterations of the Park McClellan algorithm to calculate the FIR tap coefficients In most situations the coefficients will converge to their proper value before the maximum number of iterations is reached The window also contains text boxes to define the gain in the filter pass band the corner frequencies of the pass band and transition band and the Gain of the filter in the stop band To define a low pass filter enter the following values e Corner frequency of the Pass 0 1 Hz e Corer frequency of the Stop band 0 13 Hz e Stop band Gain 60 dB SystemView User s Guide 155 Notice that the No FIR Taps text box is empty at first Enter any desired number of taps or click the Update Tap Estimate button An estimate of the number of taps to fulfill the design requirements will appear in the text box directly above the button Tip Enable the Elanix Auto Optimizer to minimize the number of taps After entering the design parameters the coefficients will be calculated by clicking the OK button During the coefficient computation a progress bar is displayed to indicate the status as a percent of Max Iterations of the coefficient calculations By defa
23. This describes the options available when setting up a client PC to access a floating System View license over the network When SystemView is first launched you will be prompted to the type of license you have purchased network or non network If you have purchased floating network licenses you have several options that you may wish to edit to optimize performance These options are shown below SystemView License Manager 9 E Lad pos pese 2 11 1 Server TCP IP Address System iew License Manager z The default value is 255 255 255 0 By default SystemView will search the network and check out a license from the first available key Change this value to the TCP IP address of the SystemView key server to increase search speed SystemView User s Guide 43 2 11 2 Protocol Search Order Set Protocols and Priorities N NetBl X NWLink IPX SPX _ Canes Y NetBIOS T TCPAP Enter protocols in order of priority e g YNT By default SystemView will search the network using every network protocol installed on your PC This option allows you to change the protocols searched and change the order in which they are searched For best performance enter only one protocol In most cases this will be T TCP IP or X IPX SPX NOTE The protocol that the network key is broadcasting over MUST be entered If you change this setting and SystemView no longer finds the key change it b
24. gt e Each MetaSystem input token Fal can be connected to any number of tokens within the MetaSystem and to one token in the parent system MetaSystem I O tokens are created as part of a MetaSystem if they are created from an existing system that has already been connected or by adding them directly to a MetaSystem To create a MetaSystem I O token launch the I O token fel located in the token Reservoir The MetaSystem I O Library menu will appear and the user then selects Input or Output as shown in figure 7 6 MetaSystem I O Lib X Meta 1 0 Tokens Input g Output Cancel Figure 7 6 The MetaSystem I O Library SystemView User s Guide 190 7 6 MetaSystem Screen The MetaSystem window as shown in Figure 7 7 is similar to the SystemView design window It can be entered during design as well as during system execution 2 m15 LMS c systemvu examples ims mta File Edit View NotePads Connections Compiler Tokens BEE 55 EAN E E 4 LMS m15 Level 1 c systemvulexamples ins mta Figure 7 7 MetaSystem screen Tokens are added to a MetaSystem from the token reservoir in the same manner as the system design area The MetaSystem has its own tool bar that is similar to a full design area The MetaSystem tool bar includes two types of returns d The System button returns directly to the top level of the design I The Return button on the
25. in Algebraic functions and default parameter Connect the negate token output to the token Finally launch a Sink token Define it as SystemView under the Graphic Display group Connect the output of the token to the Sink token and click the Run button Click on the Analysis Window button to examine the output of Sink 5 To verify the correct function redefine the Sink as a Data List and examine the function SystemView User s Guide 144 Time Aperiodic Gain 1 Offset 0 Source Algebraic X 5 Coeff 0 2 Coeff 0 Functions X Coeff 0 1 Coeff 1 X 3 Coeff 0 X 0 Coeff 4 Algebraic Exponent 2 Functions Gain Scale None Operators Algebraic Base e default Functions Graphic Sinks Summary of tokens used in the Gaussian example As summarized function tokens were used in the example in three ways 1 as a polynomial to shift the time function 2 as a squaring operation and 3 as the exponentiation operation There are other ways to achieve the same result For example write t 4y t 81 16 and use the Polynomial token to directly produce the right hand side of the equation SystemView User s Guide 145 5 11 2 Division To perform a divide function in SystemView use the Divide token in the Function library An alternate method is to invert the denominator and multiply This is accomplished by using the Function with the exponent a 1 For ex
26. to token To disconnect tokens place the mouse on the token to be disconnected and wait until an UP arrow with a break in it appears then click the mouse and drag to the token to be Gl disconnected Or click the Disconnect button 8 on the toolbar and click the token followed by the to token SystemView User s Guide 55 3 3 12 Saving Recalling and Exiting Save a system by selecting Save from the File menu Any legal file name can be entered The svu file extension is automatically added if no extension is entered It is good practice to save the work as the system is being designed To open an existing file select Open from the File menu The SystemView folder contains numerous example files To exit SystemView select Exit from the File menu 3 4 Example System To create the example system shown in Figure 3 8 follow the steps listed This simple system generates a sinusoid and then produces its square Refer to Chapter 4 regarding details of system timing 2 1 Sink 2 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 3 8 Sample system used to create the square of a sinusoid prior to execution 1 Click the System Time button the stopwatch on the toolbar Click OK to accept the default values SystemView User s Guide 56 2 Launch a Source token mi Double click the token or click the right mouse button and select Library to display the Source Library Click on the
27. AE el ade A ee 198 8 2 DYNAMIC SYSTEM PROBE CONTROLS 42 4 4 200000000000000000000000 rennen nennen 199 CHAPTER 9 THE ANALYSIS WINDOW csssccssssscccssssccessscccsssscceesscccessscceessssccecssseeeeees 201 91 THE ENVIRONMENT teo heen Pe ceo AERE 201 9 2 ACCESSING THE ANALYSIS WINDOW AND DISPLAYS 00 202 9 3 MANAGING PLOT WINDOWS AND SYSTEM RESOURCES 202 9 4 ZOOM AND SCADE titt tere On been Nain ee Gees nth ie eae 204 9 5 AXIS EABEES AND PLOT TITLES dut ee vies doeet aene eei o E ded 205 URN 5 CN TEN 205 9 6 COPY AND PASTE TO OTHER 8 2 1 2 4 2 410 00 000000000000 205 9 7 PLOTANIMATION ti veh ook exes ce E t cete 205 9 8 THE SINK CALCULATORS RR a RC REDDITUR IN RUE Pe RESET TERES 206 6 PIOUS i ttti e tete 207 9 8 2 Eye Diagrams and Plot Slicing esee 208 9 5 3 Definitions M re Weds os 209 9 9 SPECIAL TOOLS tte eed odis ecelesie ree e reb ave vue de 218 9 9 1 Sement Markets iie o Rr en pec 218 Q0 2 MIQEOTVIQ us betreuen iude e es 219 SystemView User s Guide 8 9 9 3 Differential XY ice e eh e Sta PR ab Siena 220 CHAPTER 10 SYSTEM NOTE 8 2 422 4 1110
28. Apply Finish Figure 6 20 The analog Filter design window Ultimately the H s of the analog filter that is created will be simulated in the H z domain The Analog filter is converted to the H z domain by using the bi linear transformation and the pre warping is automatic The type determines the general shape of the selected filter The data required is the order of the filter 1 the number of poles the 3 dB cutoff frequencies in Hertz and when appropriate the pass band or phase ripples in dB The button labeled Convert To Laplace automatically converts the current filter design to a Laplace representation H s and opens the Laplace Design window The Laplace representation may be edited to view edit the poles and zeros of individual sections or all sections of the filter It is possible to move poles and zeroes while simultaneously monitoring the filter bode plot To do this first create an analog filter then click on the Convert To Laplace tab and select Root Locus Now select a pole or a zero with the mouse and move it SystemView User s Guide 172 SystemView Continuous Root Locus Preferences Gain Parameters IV Show Locu Linear MinGain MaxGain m No Samples Rescale 1 Figure 6 21 Simultaneous View of Bode Plot and Root Locus To design a Chebyshev low pass filter define the system Sample Rate to 1 MHz and Click the Filters menu then se
29. Figure 18 3 Right mouse click on a token during system execution to dynamically edit token parameters SystemView User s Guide 322 The steps listed below should be followed to dynamically edit the token parameters during system execution 1 Right mouse click on the desired token while the system is running and select Edit Parameters The following screen will be displayed Sinusoidal Source Token 0 10 00000 2 Selecta slide bar and move it right or left to increase or decrease the desired parameter value 3 The results of the change will be immediately reflected in any graphic display numerical display or in the Dynamic System Probe window SystemView User s Guide 323 Chapter 19 Customizing SystemView SystemView has many properties and features that can be customized for particular needs Click the Preferences menu in either the System or Analysis window and select Properties Descriptions follow 19 1 System Window System Colors Customize SystemView x System Colors Design Area Numeric amp Run Time Features System Time Print and Copy in Color Custom Background Color Color Coded Connections Custom Grid Color 4 Cancel Reset e Print and In Color Default Off Select this option only if a color printer is available and printing or copying SystemView data in color is desired Both printing and copying to the Windows clipboard
30. Functions Name Sine Parameters 1 Phase offset deg Inputs x t Outputs y t y t Description This generates two sinusoidal functions defined as y t sin x t 0 y t cos x t 0 Were is the specified phase offset in degrees zl Tangent Group Functions Parameters 1 Phase offset deg Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This produces the tangent of the input according to y t tan x t 0 Were is the specified phase offset in degrees SystemView User s Guide 256 Group Functions Name Tanh Parameters 1 Shape factor Inputs x t Outputs y t Description The hyperbolic tangent transfer function is defined as _1 2 nuc exp 2Bx 0 Were D is the specified shape factor EJ Vector Fct Group Algebraic Parameters 1 Select output as Average Order Statistics Modulus or Geometric Mean 2 Output gain or Percentile Inputs xi Outputs y t Description Produces the output according to G N 1 y t 0 Average Nin X t the input having the rank OS N 1 GJ Y x t Modulus 0 1 N 1 N X Geometric Mean i 0 SystemView User s Guide 257 wl X a Group Algebraic Parameters 1 Exponent value Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Raises the input to the specified power y t x t Name Xtrnl SystemView User s Guide 258 Group Non Linear Para
31. Logic Parameters 1 Threshold v 2 True Output v 3 False Output v 4 Pulse Width s Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token produces an output pulse with an amplitude that is equal to either of the following the amplitude equal to the False Output parameters as a default condition or the True Output based on the parameters for the specified duration Pulse Width each time the input crosses the Threshold parameter from a low to high level Proportional Integrator Differentiator Group Integral Differential Parameters 1 Proportional Gain 2 Integral Gain v 3 Derivative Gain Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token produces its output according to d 0 0 SystemView User s Guide 266 m Name Max Min Group Logic Parameters 1 Output Gain 2 Output Offset Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token can accommodate up to 19 inputs At each sample instant the token selects the maximum and minimum among the inputs according to Y 0 input port number with maximum data value Gain Offset Y 1 input port number with minimum data value Gain Offset Maal ame Modulo Group Gain Scale Parameters 1 Modulus base Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token performs the modulo operation t xt bas Inkdt bas x t 20 y t bas x t bas Info t bas xt 0 SystemView User s Guide
32. Menu bar 44 Message area 45 MetaSystem I O token 49 182 MetaSystem token 48 MetaSystems 176 Guidelines 184 186 saving 178 using 180 Microscan 343 Microsoft Visual C 5 0 94 210 Misc 285 287 Multiplier token 49 Multipliers 86 name 111 No samples 60 Note Pads 213 Number of samples 60 Number of system loops 61 Numerator coefficients 143 numInputs 111 numOutputs 111 numParam 111 Operator token 49 Operators 74 outlabel 111 Output Flags 125 Overflow OF 125 Overlay automatic for sinks 325 Parameter 93 parameter algebraic entry 51 Parameter window 50 paramLabel 111 paramValue 111 Password Protection 126 Paste to Windows clipboard 197 Phase lock loop 337 Phase plane 337 Phase shift 90 deg 150 pictureFileName 111 Plots animating 324 animation 326 customizing colors 323 327 Poles and zeros 166 167 Poles and Zeros moving 297 Power spectral density using Sink Calculator 206 SystemView User s Guide MicroView in the Analysis Window 364 Printer setup 220 Printers and printing 216 Probe Dynamic System 188 Processing block 198 PSK 332 342 QAM quadrature AM 340 Quantization Bits text box 174 Quantization coefficients 174 Raised cosine filter 144 Raised Cosine filter 154 Random seed customizing 319 registerSize 114 123 Reset system on loops 61 Root locus 173 292 Root raised cosine filter 144 Root Raised Cosine filter 154
33. Produces its output according to x t xa 0 H t 0 x t At xo t At x 0 x t 20 Where x t and x are the specified numerator and denominator Lalo Extract Group Multiplex Parameters 1 Threshold v Inputs x t Outputs y t Description When the control threshold goes high the token allows the data to pass SystemView User s Guide 248 Fm Freq Mod Group Phase Frequency Parameters 1 Carrier amplitude v 2 Carrier freq Hz 3 Carrier phase deg 4 Modulation Gain Output Selection Quadrature sin and In Phase Cos Inputs x t Outputs y y t Description Freq modulates a carrier with input signal according to y t ft G 6 4 y t asa sr G Where 4 is the specified amplitude is the carrier frequency is the modulation gain and is the carrier phase offset ka ame Gen Mux Group Multiplex Parameters 1 Slot time optional 2 Number of Segments up to 20 Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This allows the multiplexing of frames of data With the Gen Mux the user can determine the number of input channels up to 20 and the number of samples for each channel to be multiplexed SystemView User s Guide 249 Gen De Mux Group Multiplex Parameters 1 Slot time optional 2 Number of Segments up to 20 3 Slot Boundary Offset Inputs x t Outputs y t Description The generalized de
34. Roots polynomial 167 Run system 57 Running SystemView 43 Sample rate 60 Samples 60 Save 52 Saving a MetaSystem 178 Saving Coefficients 170 Scatter plot 199 337 Schroedinger s equation 330 Scientific notation customizing 319 Screen saver optimized 321 Scroll bars 45 Seed random number 319 Segment Markers in the Analysis Window 210 Select loops 61 Sign SF 125 Sin t t filter 154 Sinc filter 154 Sink Calculator 193 198 customizing 325 Definition of operations 201 Scatter plot 199 Slicing eye diagrams 200 Sink Library 70 Sink token 49 Sink tokens definitions 278 Sinks 70 Snap to grid customizing 317 Snap to grid finer 318 Source Library 65 Source token 48 Source tokens definitions 269 Sources 65 Spectral density using Sink Calculator 206 Spectrum using Sink Calculator 205 Spread spectrum 332 Start time 60 Starting SystemView 43 status value 116 Stop time 60 stringLabel 112 stringValue 112 Struct Member Alignment 95 Sum token 86 svu default extension 52 svucode dll 91 svucode h 94 Svucode h 104 Symbolic Tokens printing 217 System Connect List printing 219 System Summary printing 218 System Time 59 System Time button 59 System window 43 System debugging 222 SystemView Operation 90 System View version 2 0 117 Taps FIR specification 146 Technical support 329 Text Tokens printing 216 Time 59 Time spacin
35. While in the execution state each token is called at every system time step At the time step the token can take the inputs pointed to by SVLOCAL global data from SVGLOBAL and internal data to produce outputs that are referenced in SVLOCAL In addition the token can decimate its outputs i e produce a null output The decimate_ Boolean for each input and output indicates whether or not its value is valid for that time step SystemView User s Guide 123 If a token has multiple inputs some can be decimated and others cannot Even if the inputs are not decimated they may have different token times Default processing of multiple inputs by custom library functions requires that a master input be chosen This becomes a reference for output time and output rate e g if the master input is decimated the outputs are decimated If other input times do not match the master input time within a reasonable time tolerance those inputs are considered sampled to a zero with one exception When an input is feedback the input is not sampled to a zero if the feedback input time is delayed by one master token time step Initially each output value is set to zero or to an initial value that may be specified for an implicit feedback delay Therefore do not set output values and their decimation Booleans at initialization For source and general tokens there are descriptor variables for each token output For most tokens these outputs descriptors have
36. aevels 2 Adder 1 8 Input data 0 1 Quem Sconce Meta 1 0 i om i as Recovered binary data Fm Function E System not Executed Time is defined Token count is 8 Estimated run E El Speed Optimized n lime 0 1 sec System Time Figure 3 1 The SystemView System Window 3 3 1 System Window Menu Bar The Menu bar has pull down menus to show SystemView s functions File Edit View Preferences NotePads Connections Compiler System Tokens Tools and Help SystemView User s Guide 47 3 3 2 System Window Toolbar The Toolbar consists of buttons that execute functions including e Taking actions on tokens or groups of tokens in the System window e Starting and stopping a simulation e Providing access to the Analysis window and other utility functions Use the toolbar to perform an action on a token or group of tokens by Clicking the desired button or Click on the token and click drag the mouse to outline the desired group of tokens Micro help is available for each button on the toolbar To view micro help position the mouse pointer over the desired button and the micro help label for that button will appear Details about the function of the selected button will appear in the information panel of the System window 3 3 3 Scroll Bars The horizontal and vertical Scroll Bars are used to scroll left right or up down within the System window The arrow keys and the Page Up Down ke
37. display Press the Ctrl key and click drag the mouse to outline the area to be zoomed The number of samples the gain or frequency range and linear or log gain or frequency spacing can also be specified The system phase margin is computed from the system phase at the frequency where the system gain is OdB This point is automatically indicated in the display as shown in Figure 15 6 SystemView User s Guide 307 SystemView Continuous Bode Plot File Edit Preferences Freq 8 803 1 Hz Gain 1 639e 2 dB Phase 125 18 deg 1 0e 0 1 0e 0 Frequency Parameters Hz Linear Min Freg Max Frea No Samples a fides fico zm Copy Log Zoom Out Print Figure 15 6 The SystemView Bode plot window for the open loop system SystemView Continuous Bode Plot 1515 File Edit Preferences Freq 7 198e 1 Hz Gain 4 273e 1 dB Phase 210 70 deq NE 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 Frequency Parameters in Hz Linear Min Freq Max Freg No Samples 10 e 3 100 200 _Beseale EA 29 Zoom Out Print Figure 15 7 The SystemView Bode plot window for the closed loop system SystemView User s Guide 308 Chapter 16 Editing the Execution Sequence 16 1 Introduction SystemView provides the tools required to customize the order in which the tokens are executed during the simulation This is useful in systems that contain multiple feedback connections or when the feedback
38. structure is inherently ambiguous due to the location of implicit computational delays See Chapter 13 for information on implicit delays To edit an execution sequence use any of the following techniques 16 2 Using the Mouse The easiest method for editing the execution sequence is to simply click and drag an implicit delay to another location As an example the implicit delay z 1 is shown at the input to token 1 in Figure 16 1 Remember that implicit delays can only exist at the input to a multiple input token and SystemView will notify the user by indicating the selection of an illegal location Figure 16 1 The SystemView implicit delay SystemView User s Guide 309 16 3 Using the Compiler Wizard Auto Sequence Editor The Compiler Wizard is an automated method for editing the execution sequence Select Compiler Wizard in the Compiler menu to open the window shown in Figure 16 2 4 Compiler Wizard 1 Variants No trials 1 Delay Locations No Implicit Delays 0 Variation No 1 Default Keep this compile Yes Close Jump To Trial jo Show Only Min Delay Variations v Enable All Possible Trials Show Variations With fi Implicit Delays Figure 16 2 The SystemView Compiler Wizard window The Compiler Wizard will attempt to find all valid variations of the token execution sequence for the system For each sequence the Compiler Wizard displays the location of all i
39. the filter would not have converged using these tolerances The figure below indicates the best optimization that could be achieved within the user specified constraints SystemView provides four suggestions to update the design 1 Increase the maximum number of taps 2 Increase the gain and phase tolerance values 3 Change the error computation region or 4 Check the Use Average Error option SystemView User s Guide 169 SystemView Auto Optimization x The optimized filter design did not converge More taps than the specified maximum of 220 are required You can try one or more of the Following 1 Increase the max tap limit 2 Increase the gain and phase tolerance 3 Change the error computation band 4 Check the Use Average Error option FIR Taps 220 Results from the defined error computation band 0 122 to 0 334 Rel Hz Max Gain Error 1 010 dB near 0 156 Rel Hz Max Phase Error 8 171 deg near 0 148 Rel Hz When finished with the design click the OK button and SystemView will create a FIR filter having a custom gain response Increasing the number of taps in the FIR Filter Taps box will generally lead to a more accurate filter response A typical custom FIR gain and phase response of a filter design is shown in figure 6 18 and indicates the results when the Bode Plot button is clicked in the Linear System window Figure 6 19 shows the corresponding impulse response as copied from the Linear System window display c
40. thermal noise calculations in the RF Analog library Allow Warning Messages Default On When selected SystemView warns of unusual conditions that may be present in the system such as input tokens with two or more inputs at different sample rates It is recommended that this option remain enabled Short Format For Data List Sinks Default On SystemView always performs its numerical computations using full double precision 64 bits When the short format display option is selected the double precision data is displayed in a shortened format to conserve space in Data List Sinks Alert When Simulation Complete Default Off When selected SystemView will provide notification by using an audible alarm and a message when the simulation run is complete SystemView User s Guide 328 Features Customize SystemView x System Colors Design Area Numeric amp Run Time Features System Time Auto Create Backup When File is Opened Audio Effects Optimized Screen Saver File Insurance Enable Optimized Screen Saver Enable File Insurance Activate in 5 Min Save every fi 0 Min OK Cancel Reset Audio Effects Default On When disabled start up music is shut off Auto Create Backup When File is Opened When enabled SystemView will automatically create a backup file of a system when it is first opened
41. using Sink Calculator 207 Convert To Laplace button 164 Convolution using Sink Calculator 204 Copy to Windows clipboard 197 Correlation 343 Correlation using Sink Calculator 203 Cosine filter 144 Costas loop 342 Cross correlation using Sink Calculator 204 Custom Laplace systems 166 Data list sink 71 dataType 114 123 Debugging system 222 decimate 113 Decimate using Sink Calculator 204 decimate 114 Defining tokens 49 Delay Implicit 227 Delay in feedback paths 225 Delete button 57 Deleting data using Sink Calculator 209 Demodulator Costas 342 Denominator 170 Denominator coefficients 143 Detrend using Sink Calculator 205 Differential XY in the Analysis window 210 Differentiator FIR 145 Disconnect button 57 Division 138 DLL 92 DSP types 123 Duplicate button 57 Dynamic System Probe 188 Edit system execution sequence 301 Elanix filter 152 Elanix window 174 Engineering notation customizing 319 Entering coefficients 170 Equalizer 336 Estimated number of taps 146 Example systems 53 330 Exe list using 303 Execution 90 exponentSize 114 123 Extension 52 Extracting data using Sink Calculator 209 Eye diagrams 200 Feedback 301 Feedback paths time delay in 225 FFT using Sink Calculator 208 File extension 52 File insurance customizing 321 File coefficient file header 172 Filter design 145 Filte
42. window 3 In the dialog box shown in Figure 15 1 select S Domain Z Domain or Z Domain w enforced delay has added poles at z 0 resulting from the implicit sample delays 4 Click OK SystemView Eg Select Root Locus Type Z Domain Time Discrete Z Domain w Enforced Delay OK Cancel Figure 15 1 Domain selection menu for the Root Locus computations SystemView User s Guide 300 SystemView will perform the conversions necessary to compute the specified root locus Regardless of the type of system For example the bilinear transform is applied to all continuous Linear System tokens if either Z Domain is selected The Root Locus is the locus of the poles as a function of the loop gain k in a closed loop feedback system whose open loop transfer function is defined in the System window Thus it is a plot of the poles of s or equivalently the roots of D s kN s 0 where 1 kH s N s 5 is the transfer function that SystemView computes from the linear system block diagram If the system is defined entirely in the z domain then the above definitions would be in terms of H z To compute the open loop transfer function SystemView assumes the loop at the feedback point token 9 and 1 was opened prior to clicking the Root Locus button For an ambiguous situation SystemView may ask which token in the system is the last token in the open loop An example is shown in
43. 267 Ell Negate Group Gain Scale Parameters None Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token forms the negative of the input y t x t OSF Group Filters Systems Parameters 1 Time window sec 2 Output rank Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Performs Order Statistics Filtering OSF The output is that input sample having the specified rank within the current time window e g Rank 50 is the median filter Rank 100 outputs the maximum value in the window SystemView User s Guide 268 rz Peak Hold Group Sample Hold Parameters 1 Hold Zero or Last Peak 2 Reset Threshold v Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Outputs the maximum value minimum value maximum location and minimum value depending on what option was picked the Hold Last Peak or Hold Zero En ReSample Group Sample Hold Parameters 1 Sample Rate Hz Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token performs a sampling of input data at a rate other than the system rate The input data has been sampled or decimated prior to the token input The output samples are at a rate typically less than the system rate The token operates by holding the last value of the input data and then samples the result at the specified rate The token does not interpolate the sampled data SystemView User s Guide 269 iii Sampler Group Sample Hold Parameters 1 Sample Rate Hz 2 S
44. 3 9 The Token Reservoir Tokens are the building blocks used in all SystemView simulations The reservoir on the left side of the System window shows generic tokens representing those available Library Button Click this button to toggle between the standard SystemView libraries and the optional SystemView libraries Source Token This token has outputs only and represents a Source library including data from external files used to create system inputs MetaSystem Token HH This token allows the adding of hierarchy to a design The MetaSystem token is used to import a predefined MetaSystem into the current system under design Refer to Chapter 7 for details SystemView User s Guide 51 E EE Adder Token This token provides outputs equal to the sum of its inputs up to 20 inputs MetaSystem I O Token This token defines the input and output nodes within a MetaSystem Operator Token This token represents a library of Operators that use the input data as the argument for the operation Function Token This token represents a library of Functions that use the input data as the argument to the function Multiplier Token This token provides outputs equal to the product of its inputs up to 20 inputs Sink Token This represents a library of Sinks for collecting displaying analyzing and outputting the data within a system Sink tokens
45. After the system design has been completed click the Execute button and look at the output If the output is not what is expected or doesn t look right the system may have a bug in the design that must be tracked down and fixed While there are no hard and fast rules for debugging a system the following techniques may provide some guidance 12 1 Guidelines for Debugging Systems Don t implement a complex system all at once Build parts of the system one subsystem at a time and ensure that each subsystem is working correctly before proceeding to the next step Use the Dynamic System Probe This is a powerful and efficient debugging tool It can be used to trace signals through the system in both time and frequency to locate the point where the output is incorrect or looks suspicious Use MetaSystems extensively to help reduce the visual complexity of your system Test each MetaSystem separately to verify its performance It may be possible to simplify the design to a configuration that is easier to analyze by adjusting a single token value or temporarily bypassing portions of the system Use the Data List Sink token Use Sink tokens liberally although it may be tedious it is sometimes the only way to debug a system by observing outputs on a point by point basis Until the system has been debugged reduce the number of samples in the simulation 1 the run time This will allow faster debugging of the system especially
46. EXPORT section this feature is disabled The PARAMETER function allows the use of code to have custom parameter dialogs If PARAMETER is not in the EXPORT section this feature is disabled 5 9 7 3 anyname HPP This file includes the Token base class and the class definitions for each of the example functions By using inheritance on the Token class most details of the simulation control can be handled in the base class without requiring any further consideration in a custom library function of the inherited class SystemView User s Guide 119 5 9 7 4 anyname C CPP The custom library functions are implemented in these files Although in the example the C and CPP file contain multiple custom library functions a one function implementation per file is easier to maintain and more desirable from an APG perspective The function CommonExecutor which is required by the C examples is located in the CPP file 5 9 7 4 1 USERCODE C The special function USERCODE is required for proper custom library operation and must be declared declspec dllexport void WINAPI USERCODE struct CodeInfo A pointer to the structure CodelInfo is returned through the argument when called SystemView may call this function several times in the course of a session The structure CodeInfo describes the set of custom functions that are available from the DLL In USERCODE information is input into CodeInfo for each custom library function All information
47. Enable Optimized Screen Saver Default On When executing a long simulation the existing commercial screen saver will activate Screen savers are set for times when the system is idle and use a lot of CPU time This can slow down a simulation To avoid this interference SystemView provides a built in screen saver that is optimized to be compatible with long simulations It also displays the progress of the simulation The activate time is the time that passes without activity of keyboard mouse before screen saver activates Enable File Insurance Default On When enabled SystemView will automatically back up the current system at the interval specified in the Save Every box SystemView never overwrites an original file If PC power is lost or a less than graceful exit from Windows occurs 1 a crash the next time SystemView is run it will ask if you want to recover the last system file It is recommended that this option remain enabled SystemView User s Guide 329 System Time Customize SystemView x System Colors Design Area Numeric amp Run Time Features System Time User Defaults Sample Rate Hz fi 00 Reset Loop Samples fi 28 Pause on Loop Enable Preferences OK Reset Sample Rate Default 100 Hz See Chapter 4 for more information on the sample rate No Samples Default 128 See Chapter 4 for more in
48. Filters Several parameters Linear see the linear system window Systems E and Chapter 6 Sampler Sample 1 Sample Rate Hz 10e 6 Hold 2 Sample Aperture Duration sec 0 3 Aperture Jitter sec 0 4 Selection Interpolating Table A 2 1 Summary of chip rate token types SystemView User s Guide 342 A 3 Single Frequency LMS Canceller Loop File Ims svu This SystemView example implements a single frequency canceller adaptive loop employing the LMS algorithm The loop adjusts the weight of the sine and cosine of the reference frequency to bring the composite signal the sum of the outputs of MetaSystem tokens 6 and 17 180 degrees out of phase with the input signal token 0 Since the adaptive architecture for each weight is identical they are implemented as MetaSystems tokens 6 and 17 The first plot shows the loop adapting to an input sine wave offset in phase The weights converge to the proper values and the error goes to zero SINGLE FREQUENCY ADAPTIVE LOOP CANCELLER USING LMS ALGORITHM S Ep Amp 1v Freq 9 7656 Hz Phase 30 deg LMS meta token Q Ims arm Ims arm SystemView by ELANIX Figure A 3 1 LMS Loop Time in Seco
49. IV Auto Replot On Window Size Change r Automatic Sink Overlay Auto create Overlay of all Sinks Maximize Overlay Window cov Plot Sample Point Markers Show Sample Point Marker in All Windows Default On Displays sample point markers for each data point in each plot Cascade Horizontal or Vertical Plot Arrangement Default Vertical This selection determines the window arrangement on the screen when the Open toolbar button is clicked and in other situations when System View is ordering the open plot windows Auto Re plot On Window Size Change Default On A plot window will be automatically redrawn whenever the window size is changed press the Esc key to halt any re plot If this option is not selected click the Reset Scale toolbar button to fit the plot to the new window size Auto Create Overlay of all Sinks Default Off When selected the Sink Calculator will automatically create a single plot window displaying all Sink data Disabling this option will save time and free system resources e Maximize Overlay Window Default Off If the Auto Create Overlay option above is selected this option will maximize the overlay plot window SystemView User s Guide 333 Annotation SystemView Analysis Window x Printing Ex APG Annotation Colors Animation Windows Vertical Axis Label Display Vertical Axis Label H
50. MetaSystem toolbar returns to the top level of design one level at a time by the same route used to get into the MetaSystem for example through several nested MetaSystems SystemView User s Guide 191 7 7 MetaSystem Auto Links When a MetaSystem is defined from a file it can be linked so that all modifications to the system can be saved to the MetaSystem mta file After saving an existing MetaSystem or defining a new MetaSystem the following dialogue box is presented SystemView Once a MetaSystem is linked go to the Tools menu and select the MetaSystem Auto Links option which will present the following MetaSystem Auto Links Linked LMS t15 File C Program Files SustemView 4 5E amplessLMS mta LMS t5 File None 192 SystemView User s Guide As an option a link may be removed which will cause the MetaSystem to be saved locally The mta will not be updated with any changes to the MetaSystem Making changes to the MetaSystem will present the following screen to save the changes When changes are made to the mta file and it is linked to a MetaSystem go to Tools MetaSystem Auto Links and Update Links Now This will insure that the MetaSystem is in sync with the one saved Should a MetaSystem contain any global parameter links it will ask the user to append or merge with current global parameters SystemView 2 SystemView User s Guide 193 7 8 Guidelines for Using MetaSystems
51. OG 89 d Fm po ORDER COSTAS LOOP 7 Je m fel inphase data Source E H fel 0 gt abys ea PN PSK source zl E Adder Operator 1 Function L ig Sink PES Spent Optimized System Time 10 000000 sec Im Toc Four Figure 12 1 Example showing the use of the Dynamic System Probe SystemView User s Guide 231 12 3 Additional Tools Select the Check Connections option from the Connections menu and let SystemView locate unconnected tokens or tokens that do not have the proper number of inputs The Fix Random Seed option under the Preference Customize menu allows numeric patterns from the random number generator to be repeated Under the Preference menu ensure that the warning message option is enabled Under the System menu the Single Step option will allow display of each clock cycle separately use the Data List or Current Value Sink If any feedback loops affect execution the Find Implicit Delay token under the Tokens menu will locate them The execution sequence can be shown visually using Animate Exe Sequence located in the Compiler menu This is especially valuable for systems with feedback loops and delays SystemView User s Guide 232 Chapter 13 Time Delays In Feedback Paths This chapter outlines the important timing issues that can affect the results when using feedback loops and delays as part of a system model 13 1 Theory and Practice Consider the si
52. OK 6 Generate the custom library DLL e Click Build menu e Click Rebuild 5 9 6 2 3 Using Microsoft Visual C 6 0 Perform the following steps 1 Move the source files into a folder intended for the custom library development 2 Start the Microsoft Visual C 6 0 compiler 3 Create a Project Workspace in the Integrated Development Environment e Click File Menu e Click New e Click Project tab e Click Win32 Dynamic Link Library SystemView User s Guide 107 Enter project name e g Svucode Chose project folder If the project folder is the project name remove the specific project folder name 1 the last folder qualifier so that the project name is not duplicated Click OK and the following prompt will appear What kind of DLL would you like to create Select an empty DLL project click finish and then OK 4 Add the example files 1 e Svucode h Resource h Usercode rc Svucode def Usercode c and Svucode c into the project Click Project menu then click Add to Project and click Files Select the desired files by type or by grouping of types Click OK Repeat above steps if necessary 5 Set up the project for SystemView compatibility Click Project menu Click Settings Click C C tab Select Category scroll down to Code Generation Select Use Run time Library as Multithreaded or Debug Multithreaded Select Struct member alignment at 8 Bytes Click OK 6 Generate the custom library DLL Click B
53. Periodic group button and click Sinusoid to select the sinusoid source Click the Parameters button and in the Frequency Hz text box enter the value 4 Click OK Place the mouse arrow on the token and note that the Source defined has a unit amplitude sine wave with a 4 Hz frequency 3 Launch a Function token Fin As with the Source token double click the token to display the Function Library Click on the Algebraic group button and select X a Click the Parameters button In the Exponent window delete the flashing default value and enter 2 This will produce the square of the input sine wave 4 Launch a Sink token mi Double click and select the Graphic group Select SystemView as the Sink and note that it has no parameters Click OK It can be changed to a Real Time Sink to allow the monitoring of the waveform as the system runs Connect the Source token to the X a function token The default is Sine Connect the X a function to the Sink token Launch another Sink token and define it as a SystemView Sink Connect the Sinusoid source Sine Output to this second Sink token Click the Execute button The results will as shown in Figure 3 9 gt dy 2 MI t MI A VI j y J D 500 3 1 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 3 9 Example of system after execution SystemView User s Guide 57 1 Expand either SystemView plot by selecting the p
54. Raises the constant a to the selected window power Note the different definition if the window value is fractional nj fw w a is an integer calc n w al If Wa is fractional calc SystemView User s Guide 210 a Log Computes the log of the selected window the specified base b Weale Log v Wa Weale sgn w Log w If ng 300 _ Wie Log 10 If Ws 0 Arithmetic Add Windows Forms the arithmetic sum of the selected plot windows Add Plots Forms the arithmetic sum of all plots within the selected plot window Subtract Subtracts the second selected window from the first Negate Negates all plots within the selected plot window Normalize Plots Normalizes each plot in the window to have maximum amplitude of unity Normalize Window Normalizes all plots in the window relative to the global maximum value in the window Multiply Windows Forms the product of all selected plot windows Multiply Plots Forms the product of all plots within the selected plot window Divide Divides the first selected plot window by the second Reciprocal Computes w If the denominator is zero then 10 is returned n Correlation Convolution Auto Correlation This operation computes the circular auto correlation of all plots within the selected plot window To avoid end effects you should window the plots prior to auto correlation by us
55. Sample Rate Time Spacing Changing one parameter automatically forces a proportional change in the other When simulating analog continuous systems a sample rate selection rule is to specify a value at least four times greater than the highest frequency in the system 4 3 No Number of Samples and Start Stop Time Lock This entry specifies the number of time samples that will be executed by the system The basic relation is No Samples Stop Time Start Time x Sample Rate 1 This equation includes three variables and the following rules apply 1 When the Start and Stop time are not locked the Start Time will not change but the Stop Time will change in accordance with the change in number of samples 2 Ifthe Start Stop Time is locked changes in the number of samples or sampling rate will occur automatically 3 Ifeither or both the Start Time and Stop Time are changed the number of samples will change 4 Only an integer number of Samples is allowed If the basic relation does not produce an integer the No Samples window will be appropriately rounded to the nearest integer The system time will begin at the Start Time and execute the simulation for the designated number of time steps Note that the Sample Rate remains fixed until it is changed SystemView User s Guide 64 4 4 Frequency Resolution This entry is the available Frequency Resolution based on the system simulation time span The value is compute
56. Select Sigmoid Sine Sinusoid Statistics Step Function Stop Sink SystemView Tangent Tanh Thermal Noise Time Uniform Noise Variable Delay Vector Wav ich Wav 2ch Wav ich Wav 2ch Xtrnl Fct Library Sink Operator Operator Operator Operator Source Operator Function Function Source Sink Source Sink Sink Function Function Source Source Source Operator Function Source Source Sink Sink Function Function SystemView User s Guide Group Graphic Sample Hold Delays Sample Hold Sample Hold Periodic Logic Functions Functions Periodic Numeric Aperiodic Analysis Graphic Functions Functions Noise PN Aperiodic Noise PN Delays Algebraic Import Import Export Export Algebraic Non Linear Chapter 15 Root Locus and Bode Plots SystemView will algebraically i e not by numerical simulation compute Root Locus and Bode plots for a linear system as it appears in the System window when the Root Locus or Bode Plot button is clicked on the toolbar This feature is available in the Linear System window and in the Laplace window as outlined in Chapter 6 15 1 Root Locus To compute the root locus SystemView must first determine the open loop transfer function of the system 1 Disconnect the output of the last token in the feedback path of the system e g disconnect token 9 from token 1 as shown in Figure 15 2 2 Click the Root Locus button e i the System
57. Zeros value A new window is created Custom Algebraic Window This function allows the user to perform any mathematical operation on data Incorporate trigonometric algebraic boolean logic random variables and constants such as pi in any equation Also the erf and erfc can be used to create a theoretical BER Curve Comm e Theoretical BER Plots Generate theoretical BER and SER Curves Click the new Comm button in the Sink Calculator to display a list of available theoretical BER and SER curves Examples include PSK coherent DPSK coherent and incoherent and QPSK SystemView User s Guide 217 9 9 Special Tools The Segment Markers the MicroViewer and the Differential XY are special tools designed to enhance the data in the Analysis window 9 9 1 Segment Markers Toolbar Button Segment markers specify x axis range used for subsequent processing When Segment Markers are positioned in a plot and the Sink Calculator is used to compute the spectrum then only the specified segment will be used in the spectral computation S I7 gt 147949216750000 y 84901194 p 5 817 Figure 9 6 Segment Markers positioned within a plot window As either marker is moved with the mouse the following information is displayed e Dx Distance between markers in the x axis units e 1 Inverse 1 Dx distance between markers e sDx Distance between markers in samples Click the
58. a MSE mean square error straight line fit removes the linear portion of the phase versus frequency of the spectrum of all plots within the selected plot window SystemView User s Guide 214 Style Scatter Plot This operation produces a scatter plot between all plots within the two selected plot windows The first window selected is the vertical axis and the second is the horizontal axis 1 wl vs w2 Histogram This operation produces a separate histogram of all plots within the selected window A larger bin size yields a smoother histogram BER Plot This operation produces a plot of bit error rate versus SNR and automatically creates the appropriate axis labels and title The Start SNR parameter is assigned to the first BER value and all subsequent samples are assigned Start SNR nASNR where 1 2 is the sample number and ASNR is the Increment parameter From the list of Sinks select the Sink containing the bit error data from your system Time Slice This operation produces multiple overlaid slices of each plot in the selected plot window By default the last sample of each time slice is repeated as the first sample of the next time slice The dT option forces the Sink Calculator to begin each new slice with the next sample after the last sample of the previous slice thus enabling cascaded time slices The time slice style can be used to produce eye diagrams used in digital communication signal an
59. always has an inherent delay in the feedback connection due to the time required to propagate signals through the system In a SystemView simulation the solution to the computational dilemma is to insert a delay of one sample for one of the parameters in the feedback path The mathematical representation of this delay is realized when we replace the second equation above with e t x t f t TM The loop now includes a one sample delay in the feedback path This delay is referred to as the implicit delay SystemView automatically flags the location of the implicit delay with a small box enclosing the z indicator as shown in figure 13 2 This delay is incorporated in every feedback path in every SystemView simulation The indicator will always appear at an input of a multi input token An exception to this occurs in a feedback path when using the sample delay token in the active mode While the indicator z does not always appear a one sample delay is present in all physically realizable time discrete 1 digital feedback systems SystemView User s Guide 234 Figure 13 2 The Implicit one sample delay in a feedback loop In any system where the sample rate is large compared to the inverse of the loop bandwidth the loop will provide the correct physical response In some instances the sample rate may be slow relative to the loop bandwidth this may produce unexpected results if it is not carefully considered Likewise the i
60. by factors of 2x Zoom Press the Ctrl key and click and drag the mouse to zoom a selected area Gain Real and Imaginary Values Place the mouse anywhere on the root locus curve and the corresponding loop gain is displayed along with the real and imaginary coordinates of the mouse Linear Log Allows the selection of either linear distribution of gain samples from Min Gain to Max Gain or a logarithmic distribution Min Gain Max Gain Allows the entry of minimum and or maximum gain used in the root locus computation No Samples Allows the entry of the desired number of gain samples to be used in the computations Update Forces re computation of the root locus after changes are made in the parameter entry boxes Reset This option allows the return to the default settings SystemView User s Guide 304 Close Allows closure of the root locus window and return to the system Copy Allows the copy of the root locus plot to the Windows clipboard If Use Color Printer has been selected the copy will be in color Print Allows the printing of the root locus plot If Use Color Printer has been selected in the Preferences menu the print will be in color 15 2 Moving Poles and Zeros There are two ways to directly edit poles and zeros 1 using the mouse in the Root Locus window and 2 manual editing in the Laplace window Using the Mouse Position the mouse ove
61. down the left mouse button and the perimeter of the note pad will become shaded indicating it may be moved to another location When clicking on text it is sometimes necessary to click twice before shading appears SystemView User s Guide 222 Resizing a note pad To change the size of a note pad 1 Click and release the left mouse button anywhere inside the note pad This produces eight anchor points around the perimeter of the note pad 2 Place the mouse cursor on the appropriate anchor point 3 Anarrow will appear indicating the direction of the re sizing Use the left mouse button to click drag the anchor point to resize Deleting a note pad There are two ways to delete a note pad 1 Click the Delete Objects button on the toolbar and then click on a note pad 2 The delete feature is also available in the NotePads menu above the toolbar Hiding Showing all note pads To show or hide all of the note pads 1 Click the Note Pads menu above the toolbar 2 Select Hide Note Pads or Show Note Pads All of the note pads in the System window will be hidden or displayed Attributes for Selected All Note Pads The attributes text color background color and fonts for one or more note pads can be changed as desired Use the NotePads menu and select Attributes for All Note Pads or Attributes for Selected Note Pad For a single note pad access the Attributes menu by clicking the right mouse button twice on the note pad T
62. er Comment 0 G0 Use tkn number port to reference System Variables Reference List Vi token s output value Example tkn 35 1 Current system time sec E eem rie re ilie Ca ct Current system time sec Define Algebraic Relationship F Gi Vi F GiVi tkn 3 0 fi 4 gt Clear Link m Select SystemT oken Source Step BM m Operator Gain 1 3 Source Sinusoid 5 Source Step Clear Link OK Figure 17 2 SystemView User s Guide 317 If the system is re run we obtain the desired behavior from the globally linked token giving us a step function source multiplied by a time varying gain as seen below note the desired output of Token 7 In addition to the Global Parameter Links window the tkn function is available Dynamic Gain 17 n h A n A n 1 VUA u n n h n n 3 i hi i h 1 l M i l V n n IBIBIBIBIBIR y u yoy SystemView by ELANIX SystemView User s Guide 318 17 4 Additional Information The Vi System Variables Reference List includes the following variables The Define Algebraic Relationship F Gi Vi Update Link button updates all defined parameter links The Clear Link button clears the link only for the selected parameter The Select System Token window lists all tokens in the
63. for both the feed forward and feedback paths SystemView User s Guide 240 Chapter 14 The Token Libraries The standard SystemView tokens are organized into the following libraries Function Library Operator Library MetaSystem I O Library Source Library Sink Library Token Reservoir Adder and Multiplier The following tables contain an alphabetical list of the standard tokens found in each of the libraries listed above Unless otherwise indicated the quantity x t refers to the input to the token For tokens with multiple inputs these quantities will have subscripts The quantity y t refers to the output of a token For tokens with multiple outputs these quantities will have subscripts Control Voltages are defined as c t and angle or phase inputs defined by 0 or 0 etc SystemView User s Guide 241 14 1 SystemView Function Library Fim This symbol represents a generic undefined Function token Ful Name a X Group Algebraic Parameters 1 Constant a default e Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Raises the specified base a to a input power according to y t a 4 Name Arc Tan Group Functions Parameters 1 Output Gain G Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Produces the inverse tangent of input according to y t GTan x t 2 lt 4 lt 2 SystemView User s Guide 242 mua 88 Name Arc 4 Group Functio
64. gt Xt Xj SystemView User s Guide 245 x ml Cx Multiply Group Complex Parameters 1 Multiple Type Conjugate or Normal Inputs x t x t t xz t Outputs y t yi t Description Performs complex multiply or conjugate multiply X4Xo XX Normal XjX5 X4X5 XX Conjugate Sel Cx Rotate Group Complex Parameters 1 Phase Gain G 2 Phase Offset in degrees Gain of 1 2PI radians V Inputs x t x t 4 Outputs t y t Description This token performs the rotation y t x t cos 0 x t sin GO t a y t x t cos 0 0 a x t sin GO t a te Xi t x D and Note are required inputs SystemView User s Guide 246 ame Custom Group Functions Parameters 1 Number of Inputs 2 Algebraic Expression Description Produces output based on user defined expression in terms of inputs such as p 0 p 1 and system variables such as current time ct current sample cs etc _ Dead Band Group Non Linear Parameters 1 dead band limit Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Produces output according to y t max 0 x t z 20 min 0 x t 2 x t lt 0 Where z is the specified positive dead band limit SystemView User s Guide 247 Divide Group Algebraic Parameters 1 Output Gain G Inputs x t x t Outputs y t Description
65. have inputs only 3 3 10 Defining Tokens Tokens may be added from any SystemView library to a simulation by dragging a generic token from the Reservoir into the System window When the new token is double clicked or click the right mouse button and select Library the appropriate token library will appear Figure 3 5 shows the token library window for the Function Library SystemView User s Guide 52 SystemView Function Library Figure 3 5 The Function Library Within each library window the tokens are organized into groups The Non Linear token group of the Function Library is shown above From the library window select the desired token and define its parameters by clicking the Parameters button A typical parameter window is shown in Figure 3 6 and allows the entry of the specific parameters desired for the token Note that identical parameters can be assigned to the same type of tokens by selecting the target tokens in the Apply To window 4 Quantizer Function Token 0 Figure 3 6 Typical parameter entry window SystemView User s Guide 53 Algebraic Parameter Entry It is possible to perform algebraic operations while entering parameter values For example entering the line 3 Sin pi 8 2 gives 1 318019 as the parameter value The hierarchy of operations is as follows Functions e g sin sinh Exponentiation Multiplication division unary addition unary subtraction
66. in one system loop System Time Window Reset on loop Boolean System Time Window True 1 False 0 tKelvin Temperature degrees Kelvin used in some circuit simulations set in SystemView Preferences Menu randomSeed Seed for Fixing Random events set in SystemView Preferences Menu useSeedBool __ Boolean to use either a fixed random number generator seed or a random number generator seed based on the platform clock tick True 1 use fixed seed set in SystemView Preferences Menu SystemView User s Guide 115 nullInput_ Unconnected Input pointer value systemT _ System time changes for each time step of the simulation in seconds loop_ Current loop increments at each major loop from 0 to nLoops 1 iteration_ Current sample or iteration increments at each time step from 0 to nIteration_ 1 Initialization flag True lt gt 0 and False 0 Bit complement of version SystemView User s Guide 116 5 9 7 1 2 SVUinout Each token input or output is defined as an SVUinout structure as shown in the following table Name Description value_ Data value Token time in seconds Decimated data is not valid true lt gt 0 false 0 dataType_ DSP Library type for value registerSize_ DSP Library bit length for value exponentSize_ DSP Library sub bit length for value exponent length for floating point and fraction length for integral data types SystemView User s Guide 117 5 9 7 1 3 SVLOCAL
67. integer and IEEE single or double precision Binary or ASCII in a standard text format SystemView User s Guide 278 m Freq Sweep Group Periodic Parameters 1 Amplitude v 2 Start freq Hz 3 Stop freq Hz 4 Period sec and 5 Phase deg Description This token generates a swept frequency sinusoid chirp according to y t sia 0 8 ies sto sta T mj Gauss Noise Group Noise PN Parameters 1 Std Deviation or power spectral density 2 Mean 3 Constant Parameter Std Deviation 1 ohm density 50 ohm density Description This token generates a random signal having a Gaussian Normal distribution or adjusted to power density SystemView User s Guide 2779 E Impulse Group Aperiodic Parameters 1 Gain v 2 Start time s 3 Voltage Offset v Description This token generates a single unit area 1 dt by dt pulse at the specified time t according to Y t G 8 r ton offset If the offset is non zero and the start time is different than zero then both the step and impulse response of a system may be observed ml ame PN Sequence Group Noise PN Parameters 1 Amplitude v 2 Symbol rate Hz 3 Number of levels N 4 Offset v and 5 Phase deg Description This token generates a pseudo random PN sequence of multilevel pulses at the specified rate The token generates output levels in the voltage range of A to A The
68. is set false Do not set output values at initialization For output times that are not a multiple of the system time step an output event clock must be constructed and updated by the output time step At runtime an output event is declared when the clock time is less than or equal to the system time plus a time tolerance epsT For SystemView epsT is set to the system time step divided by 1024 SystemView User s Guide 135 5 9 8 7 Random Number Generation If random number generation is required within a custom library function that function should call the routine SetRandomSeed at initialization that can be found in the example source file Usercode c SetRandomSeed provides a standard method of seeding the C run time random number generator located in the SystemView library This same function exists in the APG environment and does not need to be included in custom library object modules that are linked in the APG option The distributed example Usercode obj contains all custom library elements that should not be linked with APG 5 9 8 8 Password Protection To protect a custom library DLL code must be incorporated into the custom library which calls an exported function in your DLL named PASSWORD This interface function allows the user to add the custom library to its list of available custom libraries The user may create a secret registry entry and check the entry when the custom library is in use to see if authorization has alre
69. key on another system then troubleshoot to find the difference between the two systems Test an identical key on the initial system If unable to pinpoint the problem after running the tests move to step 4 Yes If Net Medic finds the key but SystemView does not move to step 4 SystemView User s Guide 39 4 Carefully check each item in this section General 1 Specific computers may have a hardware bug If you suspect a bug test the key on another server 2 The parallel port CMOS setup should be set for standard If an enhanced mode ECP EPP is set change it to standard mode 3 Check the parallel port address it should be set to 378 3BC hex 4 Check the network port address it should be as far away as possible from the parallel port address 5 Ifany port addresses are changed the Rainbow system driver needs to be reinstalled or reconfigured Networks 1 Client and server must be running the Microsoft TCP IP protocol Other versions of TCP IP are not supported 2 Server and client should be on the same subnet 1f not all routers must be set to rebroadcast UDP If not set to rebroadcast UDP you must move the key get non network keys or divide up network licenses onto several network keys and put one key on each subnet used IPX SPX Novell Networks 1 Routers must not filter out Rainbow s SAP 361 2 Win 95 v 4 00 A and B clients and servers should install the current IPX SPX proto
70. levels are separated by 2A N 1 volts Use the PN Generator in the Communications Library for maximal length PN sequences SystemView User s Guide 280 m PSK Carrier Group Periodic Parameters 1 Amplitude v 2 Frequency Hz 3 Carrier phase deg 4 Symbol rate Hz 5 Number of symbols Description This token generates an m ary phase modulated carrier y t A Sin 2nf t r t Where f is a PN sequence of m ary phase values between 0 and 21 T is the specified symbol period 1 symbol rate 0 is the carrier phase offset and A is the carrier amplitude Name Pulse Train Group Periodic Parameters 1 Amplitude v 2 Frequency Hz 3 Pulse width s 4 Offset 5 phase deg 6 Square wave option Description This token generates a periodic sequence of pulses having the specified amplitude as measured relative to zero volts The pulse width determines the duration of time during a pulse period that the signal remains at amplitude A The pulse width must be less than the reciprocal of the pulse frequency A square wave is generated when the pulse width is 1 2 the pulse period Click the Square wave button to automatically convert to a square wave When Square wave is selected SystemView ignores the pulse width setting and automatically sets the offset to 1 2 the amplitude SystemView User s Guide 281 m Sawtooth Group Periodic Parameters 1 Amplitude v 2 Fre
71. operations The Digital Dgtl Scale extracts the values represented by the selected bits of a word E SystemView Operator Library Gain Scale Operator Library SystemView User s Guide 83 5 4 Functions The Function Library contains tokens described by a mathematical expression y t F x t where is the input time function y t is the output time function and 1s some mathematical expression The Custom Function in this library allows the user to specify a wide range of additional functions Chapter 14 provides a detailed description of Functions their mathematical operations and their user defined parameters 5 4 1 Non Linear Functions The Non Linear Functions serve as transfer functions The External Function Xtrnl implements a user defined transfer function from an external file SystemView Function Library _ 0 Undefined Non Linear Function Library SystemView User s Guide 84 5 4 2 Functions Group The Tokens in the Functions Group perform transcendental operations including Arc Tan Log Sigmoid and others E3 SystemView Function Library 0 Undefined Functions Group Library SystemView User s Guide 85 5 4 3 Complex Functions SystemView provides the means for performing complex arithmetic algebraic operations on input data It is important to know that the real and imaginary parts of a complex number must be separately defined and maintained in a Syste
72. operations including analog and digital filter design Chapter 6 describes the Linear Sys Filters token in detail SystemView Operator Library D Line Filters Systems Operator Library SystemView User s Guide 78 5 3 2 Sample Hold Both the Sample and the Hold Operators modify the sampling rate within the system This library also allows sampling tracking and hold functions E SystemView Operator Library D Lir Sample Hold Operator Library SystemView User s Guide 79 5 3 3 Logic Operators The Logic Operators perform logical operations based on the input sample values These operators include Boolean comparison and switching operations Bit wise logic tokens are included in the optional DSP Library SystemView Operator Library Logic Operator Library SystemView User s Guide 80 5 3 4 Integral Differential The Integral and Differential Operators perform analytical operations including a Proportional Integrator Differentiator 4 amp SystemView Operator Library Integral Differential Operator Library SystemView User s Guide 81 5 3 5 Delay Operators The Delay Operators modify the simulation data stream by adding delay based on time or the system sample rate SystemView Operator Library 0 Lir 5 E Delay Operator Library SystemView User s Guide 82 5 3 6 Gain Scale Operators The Gain Scale Operators perform scalar and modular
73. possible for SystemView to communicate with the key under Windows 32 bit operating systems When Windows 2000 is installed over 95 98 the NT hardware key drivers MUST BE USED The drivers may be downloaded SYSDRVR EXE from the ELANIX website by clicking on the Support Link The EXE is a self extracting zip file After running the EXE open the WIN NT folder and run SETUPXS86 EXE The required SystemView hardware drivers are available on the SystemView CD Select the key support option from the setup menu For a non network SystemView installation the driver must be installed on every Windows system on which SystemView is to be run The network SystemView installation requires the driver only on the server PC Typically all ports are configured automatically You will need to manually configure a port only if the port is not detected correctly or if you want the Sentinel Driver to ignore the port when searching for keys Refer to paragraph 2 8 for Network Key Setup SystemView User s Guide 14 2 3 Quick Installation Guide 2 3 1 Standard Windows Installation To install the non network or network key on your PC or your network server PC running Win 98 Win95 or WinNT perform the following e Attach the hardware key to the PC s parallel or USB port e From the SystemView CD run Setup exe e Select SystemView Hardware Key Support e Follow the on screen instructions then restart the computer 2 3 2 Novell Server Installation
74. red when they are false and green when they are true indicating when these tokens are shutting down or activating the controlled tokens and MetaSystems The scheduler token can also enable disable certain tokens within a MetaSystem or the entire MetaSystem meaning that all tokens within the MetaSystem will be enabled disabled The user has the option of defining whether the output of a disabled token is set to zero or to the last value of that disabled token The user has the ability to stop a particular token from being scheduled without removing it from the Scheduled Token List by un checking that token in the Scheduled Token List The user may remove from the List all tokens that are not being scheduled by selecting Remove Non Checked A user defined threshold can be defined to force values that have an absolute value less than the threshold to be interpreted as zero by the scheduler token Algebraic macro definitions may be imported from or exported to a text file under the File menu in the Scheduler token dialog window If a token within a MetaSystem is controlled by one scheduler token and that MetaSystem is controlled by another scheduler token the token will only be enabled when both scheduler tokens are true the MetaSystem scheduler will override SystemView User s Guide 97 5 9 Custom Libraries The Custom Library supports the design of custom tokens and the integration of third party libraries into SystemVie
75. require custom parameter dialog in place of the standard user code dialog The example EQUALIZER function that incorporates slider controls demonstrates a custom parameter dialog 5 9 6 2 Building the C C Examples Without loss of generality the following sections will build the C version of the custom library If the C version is desired simply use the C set of sources The C and C versions both use svucode h resource h usercode rc svucode def and usercode c 5 9 6 2 1 Using Microsoft Visual C 4 1 Perform the following steps 1 Move the source files e g Svucode h Resource h Usercode rc Svucode def Usercode c and Svucode c into a folder intended for custom library development 2 Start the Microsoft Visual C version 4 1 compiler SystemView User s Guide 104 3 Create a Project Workspace in the Integrated Development Environment Click File Menu e Click New Menu option e Select Project Workspace e Click OK e Select workspace type as Dynamic Link Library DLL Add project name e g Svucode e Choose a project folder If the project folder is the project name remove the specific folder name i e the last folder qualifier so that the project name is not duplicated e Click Create 4 Add the example files into the project e Click Insert Menu e Click Files into Project e Select the desired files by type or by grouping of types e Click OK e Repeat above steps if necessary 5 Se
76. simulation ns system loops in simulation nl and current system loop cl Users can also allow token parameters to depend on runtime system variables such as current system time ct and current system sample cs these variables can be found in the System Variables Reference List Vi in the Global Parameter Link Window as shown in figure 17 1 In addition the user is able to define token parameters in terms of a specific token s output giving the designer unlimited control of the runtime definition of token parameters This dynamic control of token parameters comes in the form of the tkn token ID output ID function where tkn 1 0 represents the output from the 0 port of Token 1 SystemView User s Guide 313 Global Token Parameter Links 1 E File View Select Parameter Frequency Hz Phase deg Amplitude v Not Linked or Comment 1 GO Use tkn number port to reference System Variables Reference List Vi token s output value Example tkn 35 1 Current system time se 7 is the port 1 output of token 35 Define Algebraic Relationship F Gi Vi cs Current system sample dt System time step sec st System sample rate Hz ns Samples in simulation nl System loops in simulation Current system loop Source Sinusoid _ Show Linked m Clear Link DK Cancel Figure 17 1 The Global Parameter Links windo
77. system that have linkable parameters If the Show Linked button is clicked only linked tokens are displayed The Clear Link button clears all the parameter links for the selected token SystemView User s Guide 319 Chapter 18 Variable Parameter Editing 18 1 Introduction The variable Token and Dynamic Parameter Editing function is used in conjunction with the system loop feature see Chapter 4 System Time the Variable Token Parameters window provides the ability to set up token parameters that vary over system loops 18 2 Setting Variable Token Parameters Operation To set variable token parameters first specify the number of system loops in the System Time window Then follow the procedure outlined below and refer to Figure 18 1 Click the Tokens menu and select New Variable Token 2 Click the system token whose parameters are to be varied 3 Select the parameter in the Token Parameter list that will be made a variable 4 Use the mouse to select a loop or group of loops Enter the desired value for that loop or loops in the Set Parameter Value box Press Enter or click the Update button Continue this process until the token s parameter value is defined for each of the system Loops 5 Use the Auto Increment Parameters box if the parameter value is to increase by a fixed amount on each Loop Enter the increment and press Enter or click the Update Increment button 6 Click the OK button to activate the entry an
78. t t linear FIR filter template or parametric Window Filter Low Pass linear FIR filter Bartlett Blackman Hamming Hanning Ready Kaiser or Truncated Sin t t SystemView User s Guide 183 Chapter 7 MetaSystems MetaSystems are SystemView s mechanism for incorporating hierarchy into a design MetaSystems are single tokens containing entire subsystems that can easily be created in SystemView MetaSystems may contain other MetaSystems providing multiple levels of hierarchy Important uses of MetaSystems are To build a library of custom subsystems To simplify the visual presentation of a system by reducing logical groups of tokens into a single token e To allow the use of the same MetaSystem in different systems e To support back to back simulation of different design options When MetaSystems are used effectively a system becomes less complex to view and easier to understand MetaSystems help in building large simulations consisting of hundreds of individual tokens that would otherwise be difficult to manage 7 1 Creating a MetaSystem From a SystemView Model Using the Mouse A MetaSystem can be created automatically from a group of tokens by clicking the Create MetaSystem button then click drag the mouse to outline the tokens to be included in the new MetaSystem Release the mouse button and SystemView will automatically insert MetaSystem I O tokens where needed From a File Launching the generic MetaSy
79. the sinusoid token has two outputs in quadrature This provides a convenient way for generating quadrature components of a complex baseband signal Name Custom Group Aperiodic Parameters 1 Number of Output Ports 2 P n expression where n is the number of the nth port and P x is the mathematical relationship associated with that port The number of output ports is not limited Description A custom source allows the definition of one or more mathematical descriptions of up to N sources in terms of system variables and parameters For example P 0 sin 2 pi ct SystemView User s Guide 277 ame Ext Ich Group Import Parameters 1 File name 2 Data format selected from 8 bit Integer 16 bit integer IEEE single or double precision Binary or ASCII text Description A 1 channel Monaural source from an external file allows SystemView to process any data desired The file format may be an 8 bit integer 0 255 16 bit integer and IEEE single or double precision Binary or ASCII in a standard text format Group Import ame Ext 2ch Parameters 1 File name 2 Data format selected from 8 bit Integer 16 bit integer IEEE single or double precision Binary or ASCII text Description A 2 channel Stereo source from an external file allows SystemView to process any data desired The file format may be an 8 bit integer 0 255 16 bit
80. the affected custom library token changes to a generic custom token SystemView UserCode token 0 requires the library C UCODEExampleP Debug Example3 dll Errors may occur when token specific data is stored to static variables Pointers to allocated memory are not set to NULL after being returned to free memory Errors occur in C custom libraries when output data types are not updated for Type Passive tokens especially with DSP token Not updating the output time or rate can produce errors In C the base token automatically performs the updates for Type Passive tokens Debugging the Windows Dialog Procedure associated with a user code function s custom parameter dialog may run into concurrency problems when Windows messages arrive and when the source code executes at a breakpoint SystemView User s Guide 128 5 9 8 2 SystemView Custom Library Error Messages For the Error System listed problems follow the procedures in the order specified An internal error has occurred 1 Restart SystemView 2 Reboot and start System View 3 Remove all custom libraries restart and add the custom libraries 4 Recreate the SVU file 5 Call Elanix 818 597 1414 Library cannot be loaded 1 Check the file path for the library 2 Check library to be a 32bit Windows DLL 3 Check for other DLLs that the library may require 4 Recompile the custom library 5 Call Elanix Attempt to delete a library not on the
81. the real axis SystemView will automatically create a complex conjugate pair SystemView Laplace System Design x Laplace Fourth Order Section Section 2 of 3 System Zeros Section 2 EES j This Section al zia 2 AlSecions BootLocus Bode Plot m No Sections Update Print Stability f Eish Fs 1 e 2 Cancel System Poles Section 2 2 0000e 00 2 0000 Current Section 2 Prev Section Go To Delete Section Figure 15 5 Manually editing the Pole at 1 j0 in Figure 15 3 to 2 1j2 SystemView User s Guide 306 15 3 Bode Plots The Bode plot shows the magnitude and phase of H s as a function of the frequency fin Hz with s j2z f An example is shown Figure 15 6 for the open loop system discussed in Section 15 1 and shown in Figure 15 2 The closed loop 1 e connecting Gain token 9 to Adder token 1 response for the same system is shown in Figure 15 7 For the open loop Bode plot disconnect the output of last token in the feedback path of the system e g disconnect token 9 from token 1 as in Figure 15 2 Click the Bode Plot button LN in the System window Select S Domain Z Domain or Z Domain with added poles at z 0 resulting from the implicit sample delays as described in Chapter 13 Click OK While in either the Root Locus or Bode Plot window you can zoom the
82. the upper right corner of the plot window Open Maximized To maximize a plot window click the Maximize window button located in the upper right corner of an open plot window To go from a window icon directly to a maximized plot window click the icon with the right mouse button and select Maximize SystemView User s Guide 202 Free Resources The percentage of free Windows system resources is displayed in the lower corner of the Analysis window This is a percent of the total resources physical memory and virtual memory available to SystemView The free resources indicator should be greater than 10 percent SystemView will provide a warning when the percentage becomes low and may even prevent the opening of a plot window If this happens close as many plot windows as necessary to maintain a free memory level above 10 percent Virtual Window The Analysis Windows can create a virtual display area that is larger than the PC monitor s display area With no plot windows opened in a maximized mode and at least one plot window opened in the normal mode move a plot window by clicking and dragging that plot window s title area at the top of the plot window until a portion of that window is off screen This will cause horizontal and vertical scroll bars to appear at the bottom and right side of the Analysis window These scroll bars indicate that a virtual viewing area has been created and are used to position the monitor display are
83. to apply the new title or label or press the Esc key to exit without applying the new text 9 5 1 Plot Labels To customize plot labels click the right mouse button within any plot window and select New Label Position the label using the mouse Click the label with the right mouse button to customize font font size color etc Double click the label to change the text 9 6 Copy and Paste to Other Programs The user can export plot windows as scaleable metafiles or bitmaps to other Windows applications using Windows copy and paste functions The user may copy and paste the plot windows into a word document for inclusion as figures in reports or proposals To access the copy command click the Edit menu or the right mouse button and select Copy as Bitmap or Copy as Metafile 9 7 Plot Animation SystemView provides a plot animation tool for your Analysis as shown in figure 9 2 Animation is particularly informative when using the scatter plot feature SystemView Analysis Window Colors Animation Windows Annotation Printing Animation Speed Slow Fast r When To Animate Always Animate Plot Windows Iv Show History Enhance Leading Pt T Manual Control 1 Cancel Figure 9 2 The Animation tab in Customize Features SystemView User s Guide 205 To control or customize the animation click the Preferences menu in the Analysis window select Customize and then cli
84. to the function For this last call the SVGLOBAL structure variable finalize_ will be set true 0 In the C example each function must explicitly check this Boolean and perform memory de allocation and cleanup In the C example the class destructor called from the CommonExecutor routine automatically handles memory de allocations and cleanup Note It is strongly recommended that pointers to allocated memory be set to NULL after the object is returned to free memory In particular the instance pointer userMemory in the SVLOCAL must be set to NULL after its memory is returned to Windows 5 9 8 3 1 UserMemory The userMemory variable holds the reference to a token instance Each instance of a token receives its own SVLOCAL structure thus its own userMemory variable Persistent memory of a specific instance 1s preserved between calls when it 1s stored in an allocated structure that is pointed by userMemory If they are stored in static memory the second instance of the same token will corrupt those variables in the simulation but this technique is not recommended SystemView User s Guide 132 5 9 8 4 DSP Tokens DSP arithmetic types for input and output can be manipulated for the custom library Every input and output has an SVinout structure that has three members for DSP types Numerical values in the DSP library are described by data type register size and exponent size A description of each is shown in the following t
85. token 2 Connect the PID token 2 to the Integral token 3 Connect the Integral token 3 to the System View Sink token 5 Connect the Integral token 3 to the Gain token 4 Connect the Gain token 4 to the Adder token 1 to close the feedback loop Execute the system by clicking the Run button gt SystemView by ELANIX Figure 3 11 Feedback system example after execution After execution a z 1 will appear at the input to the Adder token 1 This represents the location of the implicit feedback delay for the loop that is automatically shown by SystemView Chapter 13 Time Delays in Feedback Paths describes this implicit delay in detail The Data List is another useful way to view the data in SystemView Return to the System window and redefine each Sink to be a Data List Data lists will replace the graphical representations These lists show the numerical data held by each Sink SystemView User s Guide 60 3 6 System Tool Bar This section summarizes some key Tool Bar operations 6 MILI Delete This button is used to delete a token or a group of tokens Disconnect This button is used to disconnect two or more tokens To disconnect two tokens click the Disconnect button then click the from token followed by the to token To disconnect a group of tokens click the Disconnect button and while pressing the Ctrl key drag the pointer to outline the group of tokens to be di
86. when there are multiple problems that must be fixed SystemView User s Guide 230 12 2 Using the Dynamic System Probe SystemView includes a Dynamic System Probe that is a very powerful debugging tool It allows signals to be observed at the output of a token during system execution Both the A and B probes can be used to monitor two different signals in the SystemView simulation To enable the probe click the probe button located in the lower left hand corner of the SystemView screen Drag it to any token and then run the system In addition drag Probe B to another token to monitor the output at that point in the system A small screen will overlay the tokens Figure 12 1 illustrates the use of the probe in the example file Costas svu located in Program Files SystemView examples The probe is attached to gain token number five The execution time can be adjusted using the speed adjusting dial on the probe screen A system run button is also included The probe can be moved from token to token at any time By moving the probe along a path of tokens system bugs can be identified faster See Chapter 8 for additional information on the use of the Dynamic System Probe SystemView C Program Files SystemView Examples Costas svu File Edit Preferences View NotePads Connections Compiler System Tokens Tools Help w id d
87. 0 Note that this system has the desired 3 4 gain for frequencies lt 8 Hz 50 27 is now stable Operator Linear Sys operator Gain Disabled DSP Mode IGain Units Linear Custom Laplace IGain 1 1 Sections Token 3 Quant Bits None __ Numi 50 Deni s 50 System View by ELANIX Figure 13 5 Linear feedback System IIR filter considerations If a system requires a delay in a feedback path e g an IIR filter implement the delay with the desired value minus one sample time Therefore if the system sample rate is changed this delay must be adjusted accordingly or use the Global Parameter Link feature under the Tokens menu and link the delay to the system dT A SystemView simulation of a digital system should use the Sample Delay Operator token which has a delay that is always exactly an integral number of samples that are independent of the system sample rate SystemView User s Guide 237 13 2 Initial Conditions for Implicit Delays When a simulation is initialized it will zero the value of a feedback sample to the input of the multiple input token in the feedback loop Ordinarily this presents no problem but in some simulations it can cause the simulation to produce an error message or produce incorrect results To deal with this SystemView provides a convenient way to specify the initial conditions for any one or all of the implicit delays th
88. 0 05 50 KHz 1 MHz in the FIR design window If a Decimator or Sampler token precedes the filter then the frequencies should be a fraction of the sample rate seen by the filter The estimated number of taps required can be displayed by clicking the Update Tap Estimate button The Elanix Bit True Auto Optimizer provides optimization of FIR designs Based on the FIR specifications the Auto Optimizer generates the bit true tap values using the required minimum The user may also fix the number of taps and let the Auto Optimizer generate the bit true tap values that correspond to the minimum width of the band transition that satisfy the specifications Upon completion of the calculation the maximum transition width ripple error and filter coefficients are displayed and the filter response is plotted The default plot is in the time domain however the user can select gain and phase or group delay plots as well Changing the scale of the plot is possible by modifying the values of xMax xMin in addition to the Number of Samples at the bottom of the display The plot may be zoomed in or out by clicking the left mouse button and drawing a box around the desired area SystemView User s Guide 154 6 2 1 Example LowPass FIR filter From the Filters button group click FIR then Low Pass the following appears 4 SystemView LowPass DSP Filter Design Ea Gain dB Gain dB In Band Ripple dB Elanix Auto Optimizer for
89. 000 221 CHAPTER 11 PRINTERS AND 2 1 224 11 1 PRINT SYSTEM TEXT 5 2 222424 40010000080 00 000080 5 224 11 2 PRINT SYSTEM SYMBOLIC 8 20 2 0 220 240 00 eene nennen nennen ener nnns 225 11 3 PRINTSYSTEM SUMMARY eei m redu 226 11 4 PRINT SYSTEM CONNECTION LIST 227 11 5 PRINTING IN a EO EA E E E E EE OEE 228 ES BRINTER SETUP 2 55 os servono perte ete po ien ER S 228 TT 7 OTHBR METHODS eee ERE cose orbs Eee a eu eue osa e epu 229 CHAPTER 12 DEBUGGING A SYSTEM 230 12 1 GUIDELINES FOR DEBUGGING SYSTEMS 000000 006 0000000000000000000 230 12 2 USING THE DYNAMIC SYSTEM PROBE 10 2 2 2 2 2 000000 0000000000 0000 231 12 3 ADDITIONAE TOOLS ep ee EY E aede ua 232 CHAPTER 13 TIME DELAYS IN FEEDBACK 65 233 13 1 THEORY AND PRACTICE 5 ere iter ente Pr er EC Te DE e Euge 233 13 2 INITIAL CONDITIONS FOR IMPLICIT 8 0000000000000010000000000000000 238 13 3 USING SYSTEMVIEW S SAMPLE DELAY TOKEN csesssssscceceesesssceseeececsesssseceeececeensasseeeeeeees 238 CHAPTE
90. 000000005000000 entes enne 178 6 6 IMPORTING SYSTEM COEFFICIENTS FOR CUSTOM DESIGN 2 180 6 7 ROOT LOCUS AND BODE PLOTS IN THE LINEAR SYSTEM DESIGN WINDOW 181 6 8 WINDOWING lie eet eto us ee ense cho ec 182 6 9 COEFFICIENT QUANTIZATION nonren ceret eere ce Y eee e Ere e cea de deae 182 6 10 SUMMARY OF FILTER TOKENS IN THE LINEAR SYSTEM WINDOW ccce 183 CHAPTER 7 METASYSTEMNS eeiisxesceseeeescssteeo eu aaau ep ee clos ona e Tie en 184 CREATING METASYSTEM iiie tte e eee ze Eee E e e ea ee EU 184 7 2 VIEWING A 5 5 2 0 0 2 0500000 enne entere 185 TS SAVING A METASYSTEM ees eec Ee rots BRAG Eee 186 7 4 INTEGRATE AND DUMP EXAMPLE 5 8 21 2 2 0 0200 0004400 000000000000 186 7 5 METASYSTEM VO TOKENS wis csc tiet rre eee re eer 190 T 6 METASYSTEM SCRBEN E eter E e UTER 191 7 7 METASYSTEM AUTO LINKS eese A aa aa aaee rna Se 192 7 8 GUIDELINES FOR USING METASYSTEMS 02 0 2 0000 000000000000000000050000500 194 CHAPTER 8 THE DYNAMIC SYSTEM PROBE ssccccssssccssssccesssscccesscccesssccesssseeceees 196 S T SUMMON FUNCTIONS Rieke astett
91. 01 sec delay one sample introduced into the feedback loop as discussed above This delay no matter how small is large with respect to the reciprocal bandwidth which is zero because the bandwidth is infinite The actual transfer function of the loop is then Note that the transfer function in figure 13 4 has a pole outside the unit circle z 3 and is therefore unstable Figure 13 4 Root Locus Plot Z Domain w Delay SystemView User s Guide Y z 3 X z 1432 SystemView Root Locus 2 Domain w Delay x File Edit Preferences Re 2 667e0 Im 1 681e 1 Mag 2 672e0 Ang 3 079e0 1 0e0 1 0e0 0 1 0e0 Close Copy Print 1 0e0 Gain Parameters Min Gain Max Gain No Samples Update tog 1344 50 Reset 236 To verify the above assertion launch an Operator token on the same screen as shown in figure 13 5 defined as a Linear System Implement the transfer function by entering the above coefficients in the z domain coefficient windows and drive this token with the same input Compare the two outputs and verify that they are identical and unstable Creating stable algebraic loops To force the previous algebraic loop to be stable we must have a finite bandwidth To do this simply introduce a pole at a large frequency That is multiply H s above by a s a where 1 is large relative to 0 01 sec the implicit delay YS G X S 1 G H 5 5
92. 1 0 1 45 Figure 6 25 Bode plot for the third order example e Click the OK button in the Laplace window Note that the z domain coefficients of this system are now in the Numerator Coeffs and Denominator Coeffs pull down windows respectively View the time and frequency domain characteristics Figure 6 26 of this system by clicking the appropriate selections located to the right of the display Impulse Response Amplitude vs Time in sec 81 samples 0 200 3 400 3 600 3 800 Figure 6 26 Time domain in Linear System window for third order example eClick OK in the Linear System window to return to the System window SystemView User s Guide 176 Finish the example by connecting an Impulse Source use the default parameters to the Laplace token and connect the output of the token to a Sink token Execute the system and view your results in the Analysis window Click the Sink Calculator then click the Spectrum tab and select the 20 Log FFT option and verify the time and frequency response of the system For a logarithmic frequency select the spectral plot window and click the LogX button on the toolbar The results are shown in the Analysis window Figure 6 27 SystemView Analysis Untitled File Edit Preferences Windows Help Sink 2 oik 20 Log FFT of Sink 2 dB SEE 20 Log FFT of Sink 2 dB 1 0e 1 1 01
93. 195 sDx 80 8 TW Free Resources 95 4 mw7 Power Spectrum of Quadrature dBm 50 ohms Figure 9 8 Using the Differential XY tool to measure relative distances Dx Distance between mouse and marker in the x axis units iDx Inverse 1 Dx distance between mouse and marker sDx Distance between mouse and marker in samples Dy Distance between mouse and marker in the y axis units dB 10 Log Ymouse Ymarker Ry Ymouse Y marker SystemView User s Guide 220 Chapter 10 System Note Pads The Note Pads allow annotating the System window with text describing subsystem functionality parameter values and other information To annotate the design use the New Note Pad button on the toolbar or the New Note Pad under the Note Pad menu Creating a Note Pad There are three ways to create a note pad 1 Click the New Note Pad button on the toolbar and a note pad window will appear near the center of the system screen Click in the text area and type the note To edit the message use standard Windows keyboard edit commands 2 Click the NotePads menu above the toolbar and select New Note Pad A note pad window will appear 3 Use the auto parameter feature described below Auto Parameters It can be useful to annotate the system with note pads listing the parameter values of the system tokens 1 Click the NotePads menu abov
94. 2 Accessing the Analysis Window and Displays 5 7 nj m To access the Analysis window click the analysis button e on the toolbar The first time the Analysis window is entered SystemView will ask if the user wants to perform the block processing sequence as saved with the system file If no sequence exists then the system Sinks will be displayed as either icons or as open plot windows depending on the state of the Analysis window when the system file was saved 9 3 Managing Plot Windows and System Resources Plot windows may exist in one of four modes Closed Only Sink windows can exist in this mode and still preserve data This mode uses the least amount of system resources Select this mode by clicking the Close window button x located in the upper right corner of an open plot window All screen graphics information is released so the window must be re plotted when it is opened again If a calculated window is closed and needs to be opened again it must be redefined using the Sink Calculator Minimized Both Sinks and calculated windows may exist in this mode This mode uses less system resources than an open plot window Enter this mode by clicking the Minimize window button located in the upper right corner of an open plot window Open Normal Double clicking a window icon will open a plot window in the normal mode To return a maximized plot window to the normal mode click the Normal window button located in
95. 255 and Off SystemView User s Guide 200 Chapter 9 The Analysis Window 9 1 The Environment The Analysis window is the primary tool used to view and process Sink data There are a variety of options that enhance flexibility and usefulness of the displays Figure 9 1 shows the Analysis Window 5 x 89 3213665205472e 3 51 354640 3 0 s 1800 Quadrature 128 20 20 Time in Seconds w7 Pwr Spctrm win of Quadrature dBm 50 ohms wi Phas EMSIES w4 Sink 38 mpra wa Sice MHE res Window 0 vs Window 1 8 vs t9 Figure 9 1 The Analysis window The Analysis window includes a powerful Sink Calculator that provides tools for performing block processing operations within or between individual plot windows These block processing operations may be chained for sequential processing and are automatically re computed when new Sink data is generated SystemView User s Guide 201 9
96. 331 CHAPTER 20 TECHNICAL 0 eese tasas ases e testa asas seen 337 20 1 ACCESSING TECHNICAL SUPPORT sssscssccsccsceesscenccsccsceensconeeecescsensenneescesceesscnnesecesceeseenee 337 20 2 CONSULTING 5 5 2 337 APPENDIX SELECTED SYSTEMVIEW EXAMPLES cccssscssscscsssssssereccccscssssseneeees 338 Az HERMITE POLYNOMIAL ree ceret dee ee co e e a TERR det 338 2 ra ese EP ER ERU ERE CE 340 SINGLE FREQUENCY LMS CANCELLER LOOP ccsessscecececeesseceeececeensasceseeeesenssaeeeeeeeees 343 4 BLIND eer E nearest 344 A 5 SECOND ORDER PLL PHASE PLANE 0 22 5 0 0600000000000000000000 345 6 MODELING AN UNKNOWN SYSTEM 00 00 0000000000000000000000000 347 A 7 GENERATION OF 16 0 4 2 2 2 41 00000000 000000000000500000 8 o ARETES 348 8 SECOND ORDER COSTAS LOODP cccccccecssssssecececeesensaecececsesenseaeeecececsessaaeeececeesenseaeeceeeeens 350 AO MIGROSGAN RECEIVER tise ro Ue ede Ve EE eua 351 AST OUR OOTIGOCUS mr 353 Per d er D Roe E
97. 50 Figure 15 3 The Root Locus window SystemView User s Guide 302 For viewing system Poles and Zeros system Poles are indicated in the display with the symbol and Zeros are displayed using the symbol 0 The roots associated with the minimum gain sample i e the start of the locus are indicated with a green box and the roots associated with the maximum gain sample are indicated with a red box 32e1 36e 3821 3 8e 1 1 0e0 9 6e 1 81e1 3 3e 1 95 1 47 1 95 1 1 0110 Z Domain Root Locus with implicit delays for system in Figure 15 2 zoomed SystemView User s Guide 303 The Root Locus window is interactive the following are descriptions of the analysis tools Moving Poles and Zeros Movement is only enabled when Root Locus is launched while in the Linear System design window When the mouse is over any pole or zero the pointer will change to a multi pointed arrow allowing it to be moved to a new location in the s or z domain Real Time Bode Plot When movement of poles and zeros is enabled the results are seen in the Bode plot window within the root locus plot if not visible click the right mouse button on the root locus plot and select View Bode Plot Click the right mouse button within the Bode plot to select linear or log frequency scale Click the left mouse button to show the size blocks and change the Bode plot dimensions Zoom Out Button Click to zoom out
98. AUTHORIZED 0 define PASSWORD AUTHORIZED 1 define OTHER ERROR 100 SystemView User s Guide 137 Structure for data exchange between the custom library PASSWORD function and SystemView typedef struct BOOL request Char prompt Char password UserCodePasswordInfo Basic PASSWORD function BOOL CALLBACK PASSWORD UserCodePasswordInfo PasswordInfo if PasswordInfo gt request Check or modify authorization record if PasswordInfo gt request REQUEST CHECK AUTHORIZATION Jf there is an authorization record then the library can be used if IsAuthorizationRecordPresent return PASSWORD AUTHORIZED else if PasswordInfo gt request REQUEST MODIFY AUTHORIZATION 1 Delete the authorization record if DeleteAuthorizationRecord MessageBox NULL Error deleting the authorization record Library Error MB ICONERROR return OTHER ERROR SystemView User s Guide 138 Ask SystemView to display a password dialog sprintf PasswordInfo gt prompt Please enter password return PASSWORD UNAUTHORIZED j else 1 Check the password returned by the SystemView password dialog it must match the prompt if DoesPasswordMatchPrompt PasswordInfo gt password PasswordInfo gt prompt 1 Create an authorization record zi if CreateAuthorizationRecord MessageBox NULL Error creating the authorization re
99. CAL A UserCode Function macro is provided for this purpose SystemView User s Guide 109 5 9 6 3 2 C Source 1 Create a new folder of source files e From the installation Examples Custom folder copy the svucode h resource h usercode rc svucode def usercode c svucode hpp and svucode cpp files into a new folder Rename svucode def svucode hpp and svucode cpp to anyname with the corresponding extensions You may want to create custom library project anyname in this folder later 2 Change the anyname def file e Add the new function names to the EXPORTS Section 3 Change the anyname hpp file e Adda class definition for each function class function public Token 4 Change the usercode c file e Change the Number of functions parameter in the CodelInfo structure to reflect the number of functions that are being adding Adda CodelInfo description for each function This description includes the name type input list output list and the parameter list 5 Change the anyname cpp file e Add the function entry points All C custom library functions must be declared as extern C DLL Export long SVUFCN SVGLOBAL SVLOCAL A UserCode Function macro is provided for this purpose e The entry point will call function CommonExecutor which will call the class constructor with the help of an indirect class constructor destructor or run functions for the token Consult the C example CommonExecutor is de
100. CURRENT USER Software VB and VBA Program Settings SystemView License MyUserCode buffer amp size For both APIs the first argument is one of the root registry keys and the second argument is the subkey For RegSetValue the third argument must be REG_SZ REG SZ is defined when the header file windows h is included The buffer argument is the address of the string to be stored or of a string to receive a registry value The size argument is the length of the string to be stored or the length of a string to receive a registry SystemView User s Guide 140 5 10 Conversion from the Custom Library User Code In a previous version the User Code Option was renamed Custom Library The changes include the splitting of the SVU input argument structure into two new structures SVGLOBAL and SVLOCAL the addition of an optional string parameter changes to the standardized header file Svucode h and the way inputs and outputs are accessed Procedural steps are presented for the C and C examples The following specifics apply to both examples e Codelnfo replaces structure SVUCodelInfo Since the formats are different it is easier to copy the strings and refill the fields with the previous values The USERCODE function replaces the SVUCODE function e Split off the DLL specific functions like DLLMain and USERCODE into its own file to make the custom library more APG compatible e SystemView uses 8 byte structure member
101. Edit Preferences Windows Help Seco Fe bo PHAR wl Inphase Plots 1 Samples 1500 Inphase 18 Ere IURE STU RS Bu a Amplitude i Amplitude E 550 e 400 e 150 3 0 100 3 InPhase Free Resources 93 a w2 Window 0 vs Window 1 5 vs t6 Figure 9 4 Example of Scatter Plot and Time Slice styles 9 8 2 Eye Diagrams and Plot Slicing The Time Slice operation in the Sink Calculator select the Style tab allows you to create an overlapped folded plot from a single plot A common use of this feature is to produce waterfall plots and also the eye diagrams used in analyzing distortions in digital communication systems The following example will illustrate the use of the Time Slice Define system time to be 0 to 1 second and the System Sample Rate to be 100 Hz Connect a 5 Hz sinusoid Source into a Sink and run the system Enter the Analysis window and click the Sink Calculator Select the Style tab and then Time Slice Plot window w0 has Start Time 0 sec and Stop Time 1 sec SystemView User s Guide 208 Specifying a Start Time as zero seconds and the slice Length as 0 25 seconds the original plot w0 will be folded back on itself as follows Tracel 0 lt lt 025 Trace2 025 lt 1 lt 0 5 Trace3 0 5 lt lt 0 75 Trace4 0 75 t 1 0 If the output was a filtered digi
102. Figure 15 2 for the third order system The 5 s s 1 s 5 H Real Time Sink 10 100 3 50 e 3 2 50 e 3 0 5 10 open loop transfer function for this system is 8 Output with loop closed t9 to t1 1024 samples SystemView by ELANIX Figure 15 2 A third order system for Root Locus and Bode computation Figure 15 3 shows the corresponding Root Locus window Move the mouse along the root locus and read the loop gain value displayed in the window This is the additional gain factor for the system If the system SystemView User s Guide 301 already has feedback gain e g token 9 in Figure 15 2 then the total feedback gain corresponding to a root location is the displayed gain value times the existing gain The system in Figure 15 2 has poles in the right half plane for an additional gain of six or greater and will be unstable for a total loop gain exceeding approximately 30 6 027 x 5 token 9 has a gain of 5 Note the root locus in the Z Domain with implicit delays shows instability for an additional gain of 6 3 or total of 31 5 The radial lines show critical damping ratios 0 9 0 707 0 5 0 25 and 0 1 SystemView Continuous Root Locus Edi Preferences Loop Gain Re 4 507e 1 Im 4 662e0 84e0 Ang 1 667e0 Gain Parameters Show Locus Upd x Linear MinGan MaxGain m No Samples Rescal Bre 10 3 25
103. Functions Specify the parameters for each functional block by double clicking the token then entering the parameter values in the user friendly dialog boxes Large systems can be easily simplified in SystemView by defining groups of tokens as a MetaSystem A MetaSystem allows a single token to represent a complete system or subsystem MetaSystem connections are handled in the same manner as any other SystemView token A simple mouse click opens a window showing the complete subsystem contained in the MetaSystem SystemView User s Guide 11 SystemView automatically performs system connection checks and then alerts and visually shows you each token with missing connections even if the problem is deeply buried within a multilevel MetaSystem This feature is essential for the efficient diagnosis of your system Beyond system design and simulation SystemView also provides a flexible Analysis window to examine system waveforms SystemView s unique Sink Calculator provides an extensive suite of block processing operations that can be performed on the data generated by your simulation Interactive data zoom scroll spectral analysis scaling and filtering are only a mouse click away SystemView s Dynamic System Probe is a powerful tool that speeds your design by providing real time signal analysis in the time and or frequency domain Using the Dynamic System Probe you may view the output waveform produced by any functional block in real tim
104. IR filters are all Low Pass designs often used in communication systems e Raised Cosine Template e Raised Cosine Parametric e Root Raised Cosine Template Mode Root Raised Cosine Parametric e Truncated Sin t t Parametric e Gaussian Parametric Communications Filter Library Ea m Parametric Filters Template Filters Root Raised Cosine Boot Raised Cosine Raised Cosine Raised Cosine Sin t t Gaussian System View Filter Design Cancel Template Mode refers to the use of a Low Pass template similar to that used for Low Pass FIR design Select this option if you want to specify the out of band rejection level Parametric refers to the use of a closed form algebraic expression to generate the filter impulse response Select this option for an exact pass band and transition band SystemView User s Guide 162 Raised Cosine and Root Raised Cosine filters Raised Cosine Parametric FIR x a Factor 0 1 r Number of FIR Taps 0 35 41 x Duration 400 3 sec Symbol Rate R Hz m Input Sample Rate Fs Hz fro 100 4 4 gl Trans Width 3 5 Hz System Rate 100 Hz Bandwidth 4 5369 Hz USES Cancel Figure 6 12 The Root Raised cosine filter parametric specification window When specifying a cosine filter in the parametric mode the following definitions apply see Figure 6 12 1 1201 8 cos e l p
105. N Sink 2 Results of variable gain and frequency over three system loops 0 1 2 DABAT 0 1 2 3 Time in Seconds Figure 18 2 Results of the variable parameter example 18 3 Dynamic Parameter Editing SystemView allows the modification of parameters during the time the system is executing Use the slide bars shown in figure 18 3 to modify parameters and see the results immediately using the System Probe and or the real time graphic display sinks SystemView by ELANIX BEE Hs RR Jee ico Ws Wes DOS _ PI FT r 35 men Be Ele jt d G OES t sal C0 AO e D 88 Router Doi cole Source Token 0 xj ers r Amplitude v Apply to tokens MetaSys ENTE mE r Frequency Hat 4584 10 00000 Sinusoid Meta VO bee EE SON Phase deo Oe Operator Fu MR a Function j Elapsed Time lt 0 1 min System Loop Besten Michiel 1 of 1 Sample 58 978 of 131 072 Speed Optimized System Time 589 770000
106. On the screen above click OK and follow the instructions that are displayed SystemView User s Guide 19 2 5 Network Key Setup Server The SystemView Network Key may be installed on any PC on your network with a parallel or USB port that is shared and accessible from all clients wishing to run SystemView The PC that you attach the SystemView network key to becomes your Key Server You may install and use SystemView on the server or you may choose to install only the SystemView network key on the server The SystemView Network Key supports the following operating systems Windows 2000 Windows ME Windows NT Windows 98 Windows 95 and Novell 2 5 1 Windows 2000 NT 98 95 Setup Insert the SystemView CD ROM and run Setup You should see the following window To install a component click the check box next to it If the check box is clear that component will not be installed IV SystemView Hardware Key Support IV Acrobat Reader 3 0 ten If you wish to install the hardware key only select the Hardware Key option Click on Next and you will see the following window Select SystemView License Type Please select the type of SystemView license you have purchased Network License SystemView User s Guide 20 Select Network License and click on Next You are done if you are running Windows 95 98 ME Reboot the computer If you are running Windows 2000 NT you will see the following window
107. Open SystemView will add this library to the current list of custom libraries To remove a custom library from the current list select that library with the mouse and click the Remove Library button Removal of libraries that are no longer used allows SystemView to be launched faster SystemView User s Guide 102 5 9 5 3 Selection of Functions When a custom library has been selected from the list each of the custom functions contained in that library will be automatically listed in the Member Functions box To select a specific function token click the function s icon The Token Description box contains helpful information about the selected function All SystemView tokens are designated as a Source no inputs one or more outputs a Sink one or more inputs no outputs or a General token one or more inputs one or more outputs The attributes for the selected function are shown in the Token Attribute box General input output I O characteristics for the selected function are displayed by selecting the token and then clicking the right mouse button 5 9 5 4 Token Parameters To set custom token parameters click the Parameters Button from the Dialog Window to show a standard Parameter Dialog or a custom Parameter Dialog Window created by the user In a standard Parameter Dialog user tokens may have up to nine double precision floating point parameters and one string parameter A token may not have parameters resulting in the D
108. R 14 THE TOKEN LIBRARIES cccccccssssssscscssssccseccccscssssccsececessssssesserecesseses 241 14 1 SYSTEMVIEW FUNCTION LIBRARY 242 14 2 SYSTEMVIEW OPERATOR LIBRARY 020202020200000 000 0000000000000000 260 14 3 SYSTEMVIEW METASYSTEM I O LIBRARY ceeeeeee eI eee en enn 276 14 4 SYSTEMVIEW SOURCE LIBRARY cccssssssccecececsessnccecececsesssececececsessnseaeceeecsesensaaeaeeececns 277 14 5 SYSTEMVIEW SINK LIBRARY cccccccccccecsessssececececsensnsececececsesenseseceeccseneaaeeeecesenersaseeeeeeees 286 14 6 SYSTEMVIEW TOKEN RESERVOIR ccccessessececececsesssececccecsenensesesecececsesssaeceecceesensaaseeeeeeees 293 OPTIONAT LIBRARIES tet esie ut ed ete di chaste ee t spe aout 295 14 8 ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF TOKENS cccssccccececeesensececcceceessnseceseeccecsesnsaeceeececsensaaseeeeeeees 297 CHAPTER 15 ROOT LOCUS AND BODE 220000000 300 15T ROOT LOCUS zz i tnn ERN Hence a 300 15 2 MOVING POLES AND ZEROG ccsecssscccceceessssececececsesesseceeccecsesenseseeeeccsesesaaeceeeceesessaaseeeeeeces 305 15 3 BODEPIOTSz iion eor eto aene te ined 307 CHAPTER 16 EDITING THE EXECUTION 2 24 309 16 1 INTRODUCTION ERO UE ERE ED EORR ban Gent 309 16 2 USING THE MOUSE
109. Standard FIR filter group e Clicking on the FIR button also accesses the Window FIR filter group e Clicking the Comm button accesses the Communications filter group e Clicking on the Custom button also accesses custom filter synthesis Group 1 Standard This group has several classes of FIR filters as seen in figure 6 2 e Low Pass e Halfband Low Pass e Pass e High Pass e Hilbert Transforms e Differentiators e Band Reject FIR Filter Library Lowpass Bartlett LPF Lowpass Bandpass Highpass Blackman LPF Hamming LPF Hanning LPF Differentiator Hilbert 80 deg Bandstop Ready LPF Truncated Sin t t LPF Kaiser LPF Range 0 5 2 76 SystemView FIR Design Desin Figure 6 2 FIR filter library window SystemView User s Guide 153 In each case when the desired type of filter is selected a graphical design window appears prompting the definition of the pass band transition band and stop band of the filters In addition prompting for the definition of the pass band ripple in the appropriate filter types The Parks McClellan algorithm is used to generate the FIR coefficients Note All frequencies are specified as a fraction of the sampling rate seen by the filter For example if the system Sample Rate is 1 MHz and the design is a 50 KHz FIR lowpass filter the filter cutoff frequency should be entered as
110. Stop Differentiators and Hilbert transformers 90 degree phase shift FIR filters Design of five types of analog Bessel Butterworth Chebyshev Elliptic and Linear Phase Low Pass High Pass Band Pass and Band Stop filters Defining specialized filters in the Communications group such as Gaussian Sin t t Root Raised Cosine and Raised Cosine Defining custom linear system transfer functions in either the continuous Laplace s domain or in the time discrete z domain Exporting and importing filter tap values into and out of SystemView designs There is a wide range of options for customizing Linear System tokens including Transient or non transient behavior at the beginning of the simulation Quantization of filter and linear system coefficients Windowing applied to the filter and linear system coefficients Bartlett Blackman Hamming Hanning Ready and Kaiser Root locus and Bode plots frequency gain and phase for detailed analysis The user has the option to display the phase deviation from linear the unwrapped phase or the phase modulo when designing a filter This allows the user to analyze the corresponding phase of the filter being designed SystemView User s Guide 150 6 1 Linear System Token Definition Enter the SystemView Linear System window by clicking the right mouse button in the design window and selecting New Filter Linear System or launch and double click on a generic token to access the Ope
111. System View B Y ELAN I X THE USER GUIDE v ELANIX INCORPORATED SystemView E LAN The User s Guide to Advanced Dynamic System Analysis For Microsoft Windows SystemView User s Guide 3 SystemView by ELANIX Copyright 1994 2001 ELANIX Inc All rights reserved ELANIX Inc 5655 Lindero Canyon Rd Suite 721 Westlake Village CA 91362 Phone 1 818 597 1414 Fax 1 818 597 1427 e mail systemview elanix com www elanix com Unpublished work All rights reserved under the U S Copyright Act Restricted Rights Apply This document may not in whole or in part be copied photocopied reproduced translated or reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable form without the prior written consent of ELANIX Inc This document and the associated software are proprietary to ELANIX Inc SystemView by ELANIX and ELANIX are registered trademarks of ELANIX Inc MetaSystem is a trademark of ELANIX Inc Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation Other trademarks or registered trademarks used in this document are the property of their respective owners Document Number SVU MG0801 Printed in the United States of America SystemView User s Guide 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 WELCOME 8 2 11 CHAPTER 2 INSTALLING SYSTEMVIEW scssssssssssssscssccssscssccssccscssscsscssscs
112. The INT EXT button toggles between internal and external trigger modes While in EXT mode click the SIG TRG trigger view button to select an external trigger token with the mouse SystemView User s Guide 199 This button toggles the probe persistence on and off e g BOS create eye diagrams or overlaid spectra F Span F Speed ESTE This slider adjusts time or frequency span or the system run speed Click Span or Speed before adjusting the slider with the mouse Use the arrow keys for fine Page Up and Down for coarse adjustments Output 1 Select a particular output port from tokens having multiple outputs Time Toggles between a time and frequency spectrum display Restart the system run at any time e g during a run Starts system run like clicking Run button on System toolbar System run pause While paused current Sink data in the Analysis window and or change token parameters can be observed Click again to resume the system run Stops system run like clicking Stop button on the System toolbar E ta Forces the System Probe to re scale the current display a a Click to step through the AB modes A vs B points only _ vs connected points and B as separate plots overlay A and and Off gt Click to step through Z display modes color trace err modulation red 0 255 green 256 511 blue 512 767 intensity trace modulation gray scale 0
113. To install the hardware key on a Novell server perform the following e Attach the hardware key to the PC s parallel port e From the SystemView CD bin HdwKey NLM folder copy file nsrvni nim to the hard drive e From the command line type oad followed by the full path name of the security server e g load C nsrvni nim Important Notes ALL USERS MUST restart Windows after installing the driver NT USERS MUST have logged in as the Administrator to successfully install this software All references to click when unspecified refer to the left mouse button Right mouse button use is always noted SystemView User s Guide 15 2 4 Non Network Parallel Port Key Setup Perform the following instructions to setup your PC to run the single seat hardware key Insert the SystemView CD in the drive and run Setup You should now see the following window Select Components To install a component click the check box next to it If the check box is clear that component will nat be installed IV SystemView Hardware Key Support IV Acrobat Reader 3 0 Select both SystemView by Elanix and Hardware Key Support options click next and follow the on screen instructions Acrobat reader is required to view SystemView help Verify the SystemView hardware key is attached to the parallel printer port and then restart Windows SystemView User s Guide 16 2 4 1 Non Network USB Key Setup Perform the following instru
114. View 5 9 5 1 Selecting Tokens A custom library token is defined the same way as a built in token Select a new generic custom library token from the optional library reservoir and bring it into the design area Click the right mouse button on the new token and select Library or simply double click on the new token A SystemView Custom Library Dialog Window shown below will appear This dialog window can also be accessed by clicking on the Tools gt UserCode gt Edit Library menu item amp SystemView Custom Library Lx Custom Libraries 1 Group 1 Group 2 i95 Custom Tokens BITDINT BITDEMUX E BITINT BMUXGPSK BMXQAMIG 64 m E Token ttibute nya Depunct DETECTOR DVBDMOD DVBMOD aui PERDERE EN General dvb M m E Version 1 09 OFDMDMOD OFDMMOD PRBS Punct T Sink Last Modified Token Description 4 3 01 4 34 16 PM No token has been selected in this group File Size 163 840 Bytes DLL File Path C Program Files Systemview mM i E The Custom Library Dialog Window 5 9 5 2 Adding Removing Dynamic Link Libraries DLLs To add a new custom library click the Add Library button on the SystemView Custom Library Dialog Window and a file dialog window will appear Select the desired custom library file DLL and click
115. a within the virtual display area For example use the scroll bars to position the off screen plot window such that it 1s entirely visible A plot window in the normal display mode can be manually resized by placing the mouse pointer on a border such that the mouse pointer changes to either a left right arrow or an up down arrow and then click and dragging the border to a desired position To undo the virtual viewing area retile in the Analysis window Arranging Plot Windows There are three green buttons grouped together on the Analysis window toolbar that will automatically arrange your open plot windows they are Arrange Vertical Arrange Horizontal and Cascade Try each of these with several plot windows open to view the resulting arrangements SystemView User s Guide 203 9 4 Zoom and Scale A powerful feature of the Analysis window is the ability to easily change the scale of any plot This is useful for examining detailed plots Zoom Zooming is the process of expanding an area of a plot for a magnified view To zoom an open plot window position the mouse in the plot area and click drag the mouse A box will appear that outlines the area to be zoomed When the mouse is released SystemView will display the outlined area in a magnified view The user may zoom a previously zoomed plot It is possible to simultaneously zoom multiple plot windows in the Analysis window Press the Ctrl and the Alt key together and click drag the mo
116. able dataType_ Valid types are to 10 listed in the following chart The standard SystemView type is 5 representing IEEE double precision floating point registerSize_ Represents the word size The standard SystemView size is 64 bits exponentSize_ Represents the number of the bits allocated to the exponent The standard SystemView size is 11 A numerical value in the DSP library is described by dataType register Size and exponent Size depending on type SystemView passes IEEE double precision floating point values between tokens on all data types SystemView User s Guide 133 The table shows data type and the related register and exponent size er eS Lo r r i a 5 9 8 4 1 Type Passive Tokens 0 51 fraction Size 52 1 52 1 52 32 64 64 Passive tokens pass through master input type information without validating or changing 5 9 8 4 2 Type Active Tokens Type Active tokens modify and or validate data based on the type Source tokens are Type Active generating data with data Type 5 Most DSP tokens are Type Active SystemView User s Guide 134 5 9 8 4 3 DSP Library Output Flags Flag outputs from a DSP library token such as Overflow OF Carry CF Zero ZF Sign SF or Underflow UF are special outputs These Flag outputs have the dataType 1 unsigned integer with a registerSize 1 A flag valu
117. ack to the default and consult your network administrator SystemView User s Guide 44 2 11 3 Department Name By default the SystemView network key is available to all clients ona LAN or WAN If more than one key is installed on the network Elanix highly recommends that you use the Department Name option to specify a unique name for each key You can then set up each SystemView client to access only the key it is authorized to use System iew License Manager x Enter the new server department name The name must be less than eight characters and must not contain spaces Type none to disable none 2 12 SystemView Uninstall If you wish to remove SystemView from your hard drive you may do so using the Windows Add Remove Programs control panel utility as described below Add Remove Programs From the Start menu select Settings and then select Control Panel Double click the Add Remove Programs icon Select SystemView by ELANIX on the list and click Add Remove Follow the on screen uninstall instructions gt If you have any questions or problems regarding the install or uninstall process call SystemView technical support at 1 818 597 1414 between 8 30 a m and 5 30 p m Pacific Standard Time SystemView User s Guide 45 Chapter 3 Overview of SystemView 3 1 The SystemView Concept of Operation System View provides the means for building a visually oriented dynamic system simulation model SystemView
118. act Function Multiplex FFT Operator Filters Systems Final Value Sink Numeric Fractional Part Operator Gain Scale Frea Mod Function Phase Freauencv SystemView User s Guide 297 Alphabetical Listing of Tokens Continued Name Gain Gauss Noise Half Rectify Hold Hysteresis Impulse Input Integrator Limit Linear Sys Log Logical AND Logical NAND Logical NOT Logical OR Logical XOR Max Min Meta System Modulo Multiplex Multiplier Negate OSF Output Phase Mod Peak Hold PID Plr Crt PN Sequence Polynomial PSK Carrier Pulse Pulse Train Quantize Library Operator Source Function Operator Function Source MetaSystem Operator Function Operator Function Operator Operator Operator Operator Operator Operator MetaSystem Operator Function Token Reservoir Operator Operator MetaSystem Function Operator Operator Function Source Function Source Operator Source Function SystemView User s Guide 298 Group Gain Scale Noise PN Non Linear Sample Hold Non Linear Aperiodic MetaSystem I O Integral Differential Non Linear Filers Systems Functions Logic Logic Logic Logic Logic Logic MetaSystem Gain Scale Multiplex Gain Scale Filters Systems MetaSystem I O Phase Frequency Sample Hold Integral Differential Complex Noise PN Algebraic Periodic Logic Periodic Non Linear Name Real Time ReSample Sample Delay Sample Hold Sampler Sawtooth
119. ady been given or if a password check is required PASSWORD is called every time the custom library DLL is added to SystemView and every time a simulation containing a custom library function from the DLL is initialized Coding for PASSWORD should check to determine if the authorization has been given before requesting the password dialog If the PASSWORD function is not present in the DEF file EXPORT section the custom library may be used The protocol between SystemView and the protected custom library is as follows e SystemView calls the PASSWORD function with a request for the dialog prompt The return value indicates 1 the authorization to use the custom library has already been given or 2 SystemView should display a dialog requesting it The prompt string for the dialog must be filled if the dialog is requested e Ifthe custom library requests the dialog SystemView displays the prompt string and prompts the user for the password string The PASSWORD function is again called with a request to check the password The return value indicates whether or not the input and the password match If the password check fails a message box is displayed using the prompt string for the failure message or it displays a success message If the prompt string is null it displays a default success message For implied success with no further dialog return a value of 100 SystemView User s Guide 136 e Ifthe password is accepted and the custom lib
120. aginary coordinates where x 4 is the magnitude input and 2 is the phase input in radians According to y t x t cos O t y t x t sin o 2 SystemView User s Guide 253 Group Algebraic Name Polynomial Parameters 1 Polynomial Coefficients fifth order six coefficients Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Creates a fifth order polynomial function of the input using the specified y t asx t ax t ix t a x ayx t a Name Quantize Group Non linear Parameters 1 Number of binary bits 2 Input max 3 Floating point or signed integer output Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Quantizes the input amplitude x t to the specified number of levels levels 2 Saturating at the specified input maximum Zero is always an output level so there is one less positive level than negative when a signed integer is selected the output is 2 lt y lt Z l SystemView User s Guide 254 M Rectify Group Non Linear Parameters 1 Zero point Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Rectifies the input according to XA z Were z is the specified zero point Sigmoid Group Functions Parameters 1 Shape factor Inputs x t Outputs y t Description The sigmoid transfer function is defined as 1 20 Where is the specified shape factor SystemView User s Guide 255 Group
121. ain value 2 Select Gain Units Linear or dB power Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token multiplies the input by the specified value One of two outputs can be selected the first is linear given by y t x t The second in dB is given by oo Hold Group Sample Hold Parameters 1 Select hold last value or hold zero between samples 2 Gain Inputs x t Output y t Description Used to return signal input to the system sample rate e g the time spacing between samples is brought to 1 F where is the overall sampling rate defined in the System Time Specification Window This token is used after a sampler or decimator to return the data to the sampling rate specified in the system window SystemView User s Guide 264 Eg Integral Group Integral Differential Parameters 1 Integration Order zero or first 2 Initial condition default is zero Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Forms the integral of the input y t x 09 a I t gt t Where t start simulation start time ame Linear Sys Filters Group Filters Systems Parameters Several depending on selection of Linear System type Inputs x t Outputs y t Description FIR IIR Laplace and analog filter system design and specification Chapter 6 Filters and Linear Systems contains detailed information regarding this token SystemView User s Guide 265 bal Name Pulse Group
122. alignment For Microsoft click Building gt Settings select C C tab in the category box choose code generation and set the structure alignment to 8 bytes While in code generation choose the Multithreaded run time library 5 10 1 C Example e Reference the new structures include Svucode h in the code file e Change the token function declaration to have two pointers e g svg svl A UserCodeFunction macro is provided for this e Replace the following references to reflect the changes in the header file Svucode h If desired reintroduce the define s for the SystemView variables e FALSE replaces VBFALSE e TRUE replaces VBTRUE e svl parameters replaces parameter e svg gt errorMessage_ replaces errorMessage SystemView User s Guide 141 e svl input 0 value replaces svu gt input_ 0 e svl output 0 value replaces svu gt output_ 0 5 10 2 C Example Reference the new structures include Svucode h in the code file Replace the token class with the updated token class in Svucode hpp Replace the function CommonExecutor with the updated source from Svucode cpp Change the token function declaration to have two pointers e g svg svl A UserCodeFunction macro is provided for this Update the call to CommonExecutor which now has three arguments Replace the following references to reflect the changes in the header file Svucode h If you wish you can reintroduce the define
123. alysis and is used in creating waterfall plots Movie This operation will automatically create a movie consisting of two or more frames you select from the plot window list The playback rate is variable and may be paused during playback Applications include the dynamic presentation of spectral or time behavior of signals Contour The input for the Contour style must be a multiple plot window For each plot in the input window the locus of amplitudes within the specified range Level Height 2 is plotted versus the original x axis values In Figure 9 5 the contour plot of window w3 is shown Waterfall This operation will overlay all plots in the selected plot window and offsets each in the x and y axis by the specified amounts to produce the waterfall effect Use the Time Slice under this tab to prepare a single plot for waterfall display SystemView User s Guide 215 SystemView Analysis FM 1 File Edit Preferences Windows Help _ lt gt wd Contour of w3 Level 3 42 5 m x D u w3 5 Contour Figure 9 5 Example of the Waterfall and Contour styles of w3 using the Sink Calculator Complex FFT e FFT This operation prod
124. ample create Sin t t using the system shown below midew Sink Division using the invert and multiply technique Division by zero is undefined You can protect against this situation by offsetting the denominator by a very small number 1e 10 in the above example For this example the system time is set to a range from 0 to 20 seconds with a sample rate of 20 Hz The following summarizes the tokens used in this example When connecting the Sine Source Token 5 to Polynomial Token 4 select the Sine output SystemView User s Guide 146 Time Aperiodic Sources Polynomial Algebraic 5 Coeff 0 X 2 Coeff 0 Functions X 4 Coeff 0 1 Coeff 1 X 3 Coeff 0 70 Coeff 1 2 X a Algebraic Exponent value 1 Functions qw A 4 Polynomial Algebraic X 5 Coeff 0 2 Coeff 0 H e H Functions 4 Coeff 0 1 Coeff 1 X 3 Coeff 0 X 0 Coeff 1 e Sinusoid Periodic 1 Amplitude 1 Sources 2 Frequency 150 Hz 3 Phase 0 System View Graphic Sinks SystemView User s Guide 147 5 11 3 Feedback Example The following shows an example of a simple feedback control loop using three Operator tokens ystemMew Sink 5 SystemView by ELANIX System Time is set to the default values Sample Rate 100 Hz Stop Time 1 27 seconds Number of Samples 128 Input to the system token zero is a unit Step Function The error signal out of token one the Adder drives the Integrator in token t
125. ample Aperture duration s 3 Aperture Jitter s 4 Select Interpolating Linear Non Interpolating Non Interp Look Right and Non Interp Look Left Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token performs a true sampling operation at the specified rate interpolation is performed if selected The output sample is a linear combination of the input samples falling within the sample time aperture The aperture start time is uniformly distributed over the aperture jitter time Ihr Sample Hold Group Sample Hold Parameters 1 Control Threshold Input Signal Control Signal Inputs x t c t Outputs y t Description This token samples tracks and holds When the Control signal is above threshold the Output tracks the Input on a per sample basis When the Control signal is below threshold the Output is held at the last sampled value when the Control signal was above threshold Select SystemView User s Guide 270 Group Logic Parameters 1 Threshold v Inputs x t Outputs y Description This token has two outputs Each one selects a value based on the control signal input 1 and the input signal input 0 according to y signal for control gt threshold 0 Otherwise 0 for control gt threshold signal Otherwise y and are complementary signals ame Switch Group Logic Parameters 1 Min threshold v 2 Max threshold v Inputs X y n up to 20 input
126. ample Application Let us develop a simple example to display the use of the tkn function Token 0 is a step function source starting at sample time 0 1 seconds passing into a gain token Token 1 with a gain of 1 0 and ending in a sink Token 2 Token 3 is a sine wave source with amplitude of 1 volt and frequency of 10 Hz being sent to another sink Token 4 With standard use of SystemView the data is generated as seen below I RUE ay M VY NT UV VI VU Uu WV Uu v SystemView by ELANIX In order to illustrate dynamic parameter control let us duplicate Tokens 0 1 and 2 creating Tokens 5 6 and 7 as shown below System View by ELANIX SystemView User s Guide 316 Now globally link the gain value of Token 6 in terms of the output of our sine wave source Token 3 Open the Global Parameter Links dialog window shown in figure 17 2 from the Tools menu and select the Gain token in the Select System Token window In SystemView we can define the Algebraic Expression F Gi Vi to be tkn 3 0 that is equal to the data from the 0 port of Token 3 our sine wave source token Global Token Parameter Links File View m Select Parameter Algebraic Macro Gi Constant or Expression zl Define GO I Unique Tag Gain Linked
127. ar 47 3 3 2 System Window Toolbar sees 48 3 39 32 OCT OU DOVS e e doi rote eto ns d ese noL ele e pt tear 46 3 3 4 Design ALCO a it e eee e o per e ine Ur ele tere eee cies he bles tha eoe 48 3 32 Message Ar q hee eret e esteso e aee re ete Feed rae 48 3 3 6 Dynamic System Probe Button sese eene eene 49 o 19 407 EJ1T2 A017 H2 REOR RETREAT 49 Token Num DOES oed te etie Ee Sita tts RR ELE detects 50 3 3 9 The Token Reservoir e ere rei bees toes eese esed Origo 51 3 3 10 Defining 52 3 3 11 Connecting Disconnecting sse eene 55 3 3 12 Saving Recalling and Exiting essen 56 EXAMPLE SYSTEM et i t edt ese ede ee ee OR SE Put dala 56 3 5 EXAMPLE FEEDBACK SYSTEM incentive ed eet oi es e decade deca eee 58 3 0 SYSTEM TOOLBAR eA UU 61 3 7 SPEED OPTIMIZATION aeta de ti 62 3 8 THE DYNAMIC SYSTEM PROBE eese veto iet eiecti eon E 62 CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM TIME a aea o oes YU ro aV oer roe rd Ig YU rogo un 63 AA START TIME STOP eden bee 64 4 2 SAMPLE RATE TIME SPACING ra ieoi EEA A EE i EEIE SEARE EEr EU iN 64 4 3 No NUMBER OF SAMPLES AND START STOP TIME
128. are affected by this option e Color Coded Connections Default On When selected all connections between SystemView tokens are color coded to match the library from which the originating token was drawn e g Operator token outputs are green When this option is off all connections are either black or white depending on the System window background color e Custom Background Color Default Off Select this option to change the color of the System window background color e Custom Grid Color Default Off Select this option to change the color of the grid displayed in the System window design area SystemView User s Guide 324 Design Area Customize SystemView x System Colors Design Area Numeric amp Run Time Features System Time Small System Toolbar Auto Show Token Parameters Small MetaSystem Toolbar Show Background Grid Snap to Grid Show Token 120 Numbers Finer Snap to Grid Show Implicit Delays 2 1 v Enable Drag amp Drop Connect Show Version amp Build OK Reset Small System Toolbar This option decreases the size of the System toolbar Small MetaSystem Toolbar This option decreases the size of the MetaSystem toolbar Snap To Grid Default On When selected all tokens are automatically positioned relative to the System window grid Turn this option off to position tokens anywhere on the gr
129. at appear in a feedback system Click the right mouse button or double click the left mouse button on the implicit delay to open the parameter window shown below Implicit Delay Input t3 Output t14 x m Initial Condition for Output 0 fi 00 3 Cancel The value you enter here will be the implicit delay output voltage at the start of the system run i e the value at t 0 It is important to remember that the implicit delay is not a SystemView token but is an implicit computational delay as previously described 13 3 Using SystemView s sample delay token The Sample Delay token operates in either the Passive or Active mode In the Passive mode the sample delay has two output options Option one is an output at a sample of exactly the specified delay Option two is an output at a sample of a time that is exactly one sample less than the specified delay The latter is provided in order to compensate when required for the one sample implicit delay present in a feedback loop The implicit delay indication z will always appear somewhere in a feedback loop when the Passive mode of the Sample Delay is used The Active mode has only one output This output automatically compensates for the one sample implicit delay in a feedback loop It outputs a sample value exactly one sample less than the specified delay This feature is used in developing certain IIR structures Note that the Active mode ope
130. at are available for use within this scheduler To include tokens in this list the user must first connect the output of a given token into the scheduler token of interest as shown below SystemView User s Guide 95 In the example above the token output from Port 0 of Token 5 may be used in the algebraic logical expression of the scheduler So if we wanted to schedule tokens to operate only when current time is greater than 1 second ct gt 1 and when the sawtooth source output is greater than 0 5 then we could define F to be ct gt 1 amp P 0 gt 0 5 where P 0 would appear in the Input Token Control List P 1 identifying Port 0 of Token 5 An option is to use tkn 5 0 in the algebraic expression instead of P 0 SystemView by ELANIX In a simple test system we can run the simulation for 2 seconds where we should see a sine wave with no additive noise for the first second of the run since the scheduler Token 0 sets the output of Token 4 to zero during the first second and a noisy sine wave for the reminder as shown in the figure below Sym Vw Shk2 90 3 4 o UOETELELELELELELETELEUETETEUEAUTULTELIE HI LX VIVI v v v vv vv v y y uu v y u ul Time h Seconds SystemView User s Guide 96 Additional features of the control logic scheduler include During runtime the center square of the scheduler tokens will display
131. atically it is performing the operation z t f 0s ear The signal is on a 21 4 MHz carrier After the I Q down conversion the sampling rate can be reduced to the information bandwidth tokens 14 15 The FFT is performed using the Sink Calculator in the Analysis window Ampz1v Freja 21 ere FOR PSK MODULATED SIGNALS Phase 30 deg Rate 976 56e 3 Hz signal to FFT Complex multiplier Q signal to FFT Source PSK DELAY AND MULTIPLY CHIP RATE DETECTOR AWGN SystemView by ELANIX Figure A 2 1 Chip rate detector SystemView User s Guide 340 7 i My Figure A 2 2 Output of FFT showing rate lines at odd multiples of 976 56 KHz m EO s E Figure A 2 3 Chip rate results SystemView User s Guide 341 PSK Carrier Sinusoid 1 Amplitude 1 Periodic 2 Frequency Hz 21 65 3 Carrier Phase deg 30 4 Symbol Rate Hz 976 56e 3 5 Number of Symbols 2 Sinusoid Sinusoid 1 Amplitude v 1 Periodic 2 Frequency Hz 21 4e 6 3 Phase deg 0 Delay Delay 1 Time Delay sec 499 999999 e 9 2 Type Non Interpolating Gain Gain Scale 1 Gain Value 1 2 Gain Units Linear Analysis Analysis Export Gauss Noise Noise PN 1 Standard Deviation 300 e 3 2 Mean 0 3 Constant Para Std Deviation Linear Sys
132. ce Advertising Protocol SAP sese eene 27 2 7 WINDOWS NT WITH NOVELL NETWARE 27 2 7 1 Running the SystemView Server seen eere rennen 27 2 7 2 Environments Supported eese 28 24453 Configuration ISSUES voies AR aa tend MAU 28 2 44 Known Problems eet epe 28 2 8 NETWORK KEY SETUP CLIENT eire eit erro 29 2 9 DEPARTMENT NAME FOR THE NETWORK KEY SERVER 00000 1 30 2 0 JA DOSCHIDIOT ii oce SR RH e RENE END Ui E 30 2 9 2 Server Setup rn ea e eerte ute eie eit ete eerte 30 29 3 CU ONE Setup E 36 2210 TROUBLESHOOTING enir e REN ELE RR ERR EE 39 2 11 NETWORK CLIENT SETUP 5 43 2A Server TCP IP Address i a e qe eee pet e pepe anos eee euet 43 24T 2 Protocol Search Order 44 2 3 Department e eee c t eet ie Phase eds 45 2 12 SYSTEMVIEW UNINSTALL 2 45 SystemView User s Guide 5 3 1 THE SYSTEMVIEW CONCEPT OF OPERATION 2 2 46 3 2 STARTING SYSTEM VIEW 46 3 3 THE SYSTEM WINDOW iab pP trs 46 3 3 1 System Window Menu B
133. characters If the server is set with a password option the monitor will require that password whenever licenses are being deleted Ifthe server is not set to require a password the server will delete all licenses from the monitor without requiring a password Displays available command line options 2 6 5 Stopping and Restarting the NLM Because the server is implemented as a NetWare Loadable Module NLM it can be loaded into memory started and unloaded from memory stopped without rebooting the file server This provides an easy way to restart the security server after connecting a new key Remember that clients cannot access the SystemView hardware key if the server program is not running This may cause protected applications to abort or perform unusually Always restart the security server as soon as possible SystemView User s Guide 26 2 6 6 Stopping and Restarting the Server Program At the command prompt type in unload followed by the server program s name The SystemView NLM will tell you if there are any licenses in use and will ask for confirmation before unloading Connect the new SystemView hardware key to the security server To restart the server program type load followed by the server program s full path name and any desired command line options 2 6 7 Service Advertising Protocol SAP The SystemView server makes it known to other stations on the network by the Novell assigned Service Advertising Prot
134. cimate Hold Resampler or Sampler Delay tokens found in the Operator Library These are used to change sample rates within the system or change sample rates using the Extract or Multiplex tokens in the Function Library System Time Specification m Start Time sec StopTime sec r Time Spacing sec 0 1 27 10 3 4 n 4 H 4 n No of Samples Sample Rate Freq Res Hz 100 781 25e 3 4 H 4 5n Auto Set No Samples No of System Loops Time Values fi Update Set Power of 2 H Shift Click to Reduce Reset system on loop Reset Pause on loop m Start Stop Time Undo Set Select cops Lock Estimated Run Time 0 sec Total Samples 128 Figure 4 1 System Time Specifications SystemView User s Guide 63 4 1 Start Time Stop Time These parameters control the time domain range There are no constraints on the Start or Stop time range but the Stop Time must be greater than or equal to the Start Time 4 2 Sample Rate Time Spacing The two parameters Sample rate and Stop Time control the time step used in the system simulation Since SystemView is running on a time discrete machine a PC the system is inherently a time discrete system Time Spacing or Sample Rate can be specified but the two parameters are not independent and are constrained by the relation
135. ck the Animation tab e Animation speed scroll bar Use this to set the animation speed e Always Animate When selected all plot windows will be animated when the zoom or Reset Scale button is clicked Otherwise a plot window is animated only when the Animate button is clicked e Show History When selected each point plotted stays on the screen Otherwise each point is erased before the next is plotted Manual control When selected the plot animation proceeds in one of two ways One the space bar allows stepping through each point in the plot Or two holding the space bar and the points will to plot until released The animated plot window will be enhanced for increased visibility 9 8 The Sink Calculator The Sink Calculator is a tool for performing block operations on plot data Click the Calculator button al in the Analysis window to open the Calculator Select by clicking the tab on the general category and click the specific operation to be performed After choosing the operation select the window to perform the operation Click the OK button to perform the operation Click on F to see the SystemView Parser Function list a complete list of Boolean operations random numbers constants and arithmetic operations Click on the Calculator Icon to open up the standard built in Microsoft calculator Click on the Equal Sign Icon to get to the units converter Cascaded operations Cascaded operations allow the
136. ck the System Time stopwatch on the toolbar Clear the default value and set the number of samples to 512 then click OK 3 Launch a Source token Double click the token to view the Source library Click on the group button titled Aperiodic and select the Step Fct token Use the default values and click OK 4 Launch an Adder token 5 Launch an Operator token and then select the Integral Differential group Select the PID Proportional Integral Derivative token Set the proportional gain and integrator gain to one set the derivative gain to zero 6 Launch an Operator token and select the Integral Differential group Select the Integral token and use the default values 7 Launch another Operator token Select the Gain token from the Gain Scale group set the Gain Units to linear and the Gain parameter to minus two 8 Click the right mouse button on the Gain token and select Reverse or click the reverse token button on the tool bar and apply it to the Gain token f 9 Launch a Sink token then double click and select the Graphic group and select SystemView as the sink type 10 Launch another Sink token Double click it and select the Analysis group and select Analysis as the sink type 11 Connect the step function Source token 0 to the Adder token 1 SystemView User s Guide 59 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Connect the step function Source 0 to the Analysis sink 6 Connect the Adder 1 to the PID
137. col After checking all items if you are still unable to access the SystemView hardware key fill out the following information form and fax it to Elanix technical support at 818 597 1427 You may contact Elanix technical support by phone at 818 597 1414 SystemView User s Guide 40 Network Operating System being used on server machine Operating System being used on the client machine What are the make and models of the Network Cards What is the make and model of the following Server Client List the order of protocols the application is searching for List all protocols installed on client machine List all protocols installed on security server machine SystemView User s Guide 41 Security Server utilized NSRVDI _NSRVG _LOCAL NSRVDN _NSSRVGX NSRVOM _NSSRVICE Command Line Switches Used Security Server Version Can Net Medic see the key server Key Server Neither Error message s being returned Windows 95 Windows NT Which Netware Client are you using Version Microsoft Client for Netware Version Novell s Client 32 DOS Windows 3 x IPX COM Version IPXODI COM Version Are the Server and Client on the same segment Client s IP address Client s subnet mask Server s IP address Server s subnet mask Is this problem Constant Intermittent Fax this form to Elanix Technical Support at 818 597 1427 SystemView User s Guide 42 2 11 Network Client Setup Options
138. cord Library Error MB ICONERROR return OTHER ERROR return PASSWORD AUTHORIZED else sprintf PasswordInfo gt prompt Bad password return PASSWORD UNAUTHORIZED SystemView User s Guide 139 The custom library DLL remains loaded throughout the PASSWORD protocol so static variables can be used The original prompt string and the password string is returned when the password is checked potentially eliminating any need for static variables The PASSWORD function alone may not be sufficient protection The authorization should also be checked during initialization of the custom library tokens That may present a problem if the library is intended for use with APG In APG modules the PASSWORD function is not called and should not be incorporated into the module like the USERCODE function An APG module may be run on a different machine Consider placing the verification code in a separate module and removing protection in the APG by linking a different verification module through the input object list sva file For manipulating the registry use the two Win32 APIs named RegSetValue and RegQueryValue The following code fragments illustrate how these APIs are used char buffer authorized long size 10 RegSetValue HKEY CURRENT USER Software VB and VBA Program Settings SystemView License MyUserCode REG SZ buffer size char buffer 16 long size RegQueryValue HKEY
139. creation of custom processing sequences that can be saved as part of the system file Each time the system is run a custom sequence is recalculated when the New Sink Data button is clicked SystemView User s Guide 206 9 8 1 Scatter Plots The Scatter plot operation in the Sink Calculator select the Style tab allows the plotting of one plot window versus another plot window The following example will illustrate the procedure In the system window generate a unit amplitude sine and cosine signal each connected to its own sink Enter the Analysis window and click the Sink Calculator then the Style tab Select Scatter Plot the select one sink plot from each list then click OK A new plot window will open showing w0 versus w the equation x y 1 f Figure 9 3 shows a system that was designed in SystemView to solve simultaneous differential equations Figure 9 5 shows the modulation constellation of a QAM signal at baseband and an eye diagram of the quadrature channel these examples are from the example file QAM svu located in the examples folder o w1 Amplitude res resources window ovs Window 1 4 Figure 9 3 Example of the Scatter Plot style using the Sink Calculator SystemView User s Guide 207 i SystemView Analysis Qam svu 181 File
140. ctions to setup your PC to run the single seat hardware key from the Universal Serial Bus USB 1 When an Elanix USB key is inserted into the computer the following screen will be displayed Add New Hardware Wizard This wizard searches for new drivers for USB Token device driver is a software program that makes a hardware device work 2 On the screen above click Next and get the screen below Add New Hardware Wizard What do you want Windows to do Search for the best driver for your device Recommended lt Back Cancel SystemView User s Guide 17 3 On the screen above select Display a list then click Next and get the screen below Add New Hardware Wizard 3D Accelerators CD ROM controllers CDROM Device Bay Controller Disk drives Display adapters Floppy disk controllers Global positioning devices Hard disk controllers 4 On the screen above don t bother to select an item just click Next and get the screen below Add New Hardware Wizard A detected net drivers Existing Ndis2 Driver Generic USB Audio Existing ODI Driver Generic USB Hub Infrared COM port or dongl legacy serial infrared devic Thay tif motion PC Card SystemView User s Guide 18 5 On the screen above don t bother to select an item just click Have Disk and get the screen below Install From Disk Open Autorun inf sntnlusb inf 8
141. d and loaded on every file server used as a SystemView security server You can run the program from AUTOEXEC NCF or from the system console 2 6 2 Loading the NLM Server from the System Console Copy the server program NSRVNI NLM to the file server Connect the SystemView hardware key to a parallel or USB port on the file server Load the server program from the command line by typing load followed by the security server s full path name and any desired command line options For example the following command loads the security server from the search path of the file server load nsrvni To load the server and set the handle limit to 100 use the following command load nsrvni h 100 SystemView User s Guide 24 2 6 3 Running the NLM Automatically when the Server is booted Copy the server program NSRVNI NLM to the file server Add a line to load the server program including any desired options to the file server s AUTOEXEC NCF file Connect the SystemView hardware key to a parallel or USB port on the file server and reboot the file server 2 6 4 Novell Command Line Options N lt name gt Sets the timing delay in milliseconds between each instruction sent to the NetSentinel key The default is auto detection 47 0 In the case of a Novell file server running on a fast system 47 50 or AT 100 is recommended Changes the server s department name from NETINEL to lt name gt Clients must use the Set Rainbow Libra
142. d click Time Slice Perform the Spectrum operation on the Time Sliced plot window Select the Algebra tab in the Sink Calculator and click Average e Changing plot values In the Analysis window move the mouse to a plot sample the x y display will turn red Double click the mouse to edit the sample e Complementary group delete After clicking the Delete button click right mouse button and drag to delete all tokens outside the box e Copying a system into the current system Launch a new MetaSystem token and double click the new token Select any SystemView file Select Explode MetaSystem under the Tokens menu and click the new MetaSystem e Creating MetaSystem Click the Create MetaSystem button Then click drag the mouse to select a group of tokens SystemView User s Guide 357 e Custom plot captions In the Analysis window double click a plot caption to edit the caption e Deleting a token As an alternative to clicking the Delete button on the toolbar you can drag a token back to the Token Reservoir and drop it on the appropriate generic token e Duplicating groups of tokens After clicking the Duplicate button click the mouse button and draw a window around the group of tokens and their connections to be duplicated Then drag duplicated tokens to appropriate area Dynamic Parameter Changes With the System Probe enabled and while the system is running click any token in your system with the
143. d from the formula Frequency Resolution Sample Rate No Samples 4 5 Update Time Values When a change is made to a particular time specification all related time specifications are automatically updated when the Update or the OK button is clicked Clicking the Reset button will restore the previous saved values 4 6 Auto Set No Samples This feature facilitates Fourier transform operations The SystemView FFT routine uses a radix 2 basis for optimal speed It will pad zeros if the number of samples is not a power of two The Auto scale feature allows the setting of the No Samples field to a power of two By clicking on the Power of 2 the No Samples field is rounded to the nearest power of two When holding down the shift key and clicking on the Power of 2 button the No Samples field is rounded down to the nearest power of two The Stop Time is adjusted automatically The Undo Set returns to the original setting 4 7 Number of System Loops The number of loops Reset Pause System on Loops Select Loops is a powerful feature of SystemView It allows repeated runs of the system automatically with different parameters for each loop It is important to consider the effects of using the Reset System On Loop option This option controls what happens to the system at the end of each loop If the option is off then all system parameters will be remembered from loop to loop If for example there is an integrator or fi
144. d repeat this process for each token that requires variable parameters SystemView User s Guide 320 To edit or change the parameter variations click the Tokens menu and select Edit Parameter Variations SystemView Variable Parameter Specification x File Select Token Parameter Specify Loop Parameter Value SetParameter Value Loop 1 1 Loop 3 3 Auto Increment Parameters Update Reset Select Variable Token No System Loops Clear Token Clear All Enabled OK Disabled Cancel dd Figure 18 1 The Variable Parameter window Example Set the system time to the default values 128 samples 100 Hz sample rate and specify three loops Launch a Sinusoidal token from the Sinusoid Periodic Source Group default parameters of 10 Hz a Gain token from the Gain Scale Operators Group Click OK to set the parameters to default values and a Real Time Sink token from the Graphical Sinks Group Connect the Sinusoid Source sine output to the Gain Operator and then connect the Gain Operator to the Real Time Sink Now click the Tokens menu and choose Select New Variable Token then click the Gain token Enter 1 in the Auto Increment box and click the Increment button Click OK Run the simulation and observe the results in the Analysis window The waveform in Figure 18 2 should be seen SystemView User s Guide 321 by ELA
145. de Please connect the hardware License Key now Click the OK button when ready Setup KS 4 Click Setup and you should now see SystemView License Manager Specify Your Purchased License Configuration C No Network License Requires the non network key Metwork License Requires the special Network key Server TCP IP Address Protocol Priorities Department Name Cancel SystemView User s Guide 37 5 Click Department Name and you should now see System iew License Manager 6 Enter the Department Name of the server i e dpt_nm And click OK You should now see SystemView License Manager o 7 Click OK then again in the main License Manager dialog box Setup is complete SystemView should now find the network key and finish loading SystemView User s Guide 38 2 10 Troubleshooting 1 Have you installed the latest version of the sentinel system drivers and server software No Install from the SystemView CD ROM Yes Move to step 2 2 Have you tried to run any of the Finder utilities No Download and run NetMedic exe from the CD Enter 00008E8D into the Algo ID field and click on Run Diagnostic Go to step 3 Yes Move to step 3 3 Did Net Medic find the key No Test the parallel or USB port on the system being used and also test the key on a different computer system If both Net Medic and SystemView successfully find the
146. e As the simulation is executed simply point and click on any block in your system to instantly view the signal waveform at the output of the selected block The signal may be viewed in time or frequency via a toggle button and other controls give the Dynamic System Probe many of the analysis capabilities of a standard laboratory oscilloscope ELANIX is committed to maintaining SystemView as the preferred simulation tool for scientists engineers and mathematicians in the performance of their discipline Customer feedback is an essential part of our ongoing development effort so please send us your comments ELANIX Inc 5655 Lindero Canyon Road Suite 721 Westlake Village California 91362 Phone 818 597 1414 Fax 818 597 1427 email systemview elanix com www elanix com SystemView User s Guide 12 Chapter 2 Installing SystemView This section describes the installation of SystemView for the Microsoft operating systems The following is the minimum hardware configuration IBM compatible PC e Microsoft Windows 95 98 NT 4 0 2000 XP or ME e Pentium 400MHz or higher e 128 MB RAM 256 MB recommended e 100MB minimum hard disk space available 2 1 SystemView Installation The basic SystemView software package includes the software on C D a User Guide and a Hardware Key To install SystemView when the auto run is off use the Add Remove Programs utility software Before beginning the installation exit all programs and all scr
147. e Analysis window that displays the sum of the two input channels SystemView User s Guide 292 14 6 SystemView Token Reservoir Token Symbol Name Source Description Generic undefined Source token ER Token Symbol Name MetaSystem Description Generic undefined MetaSystem token e Token Symbol Name Adder Description The Adder forms the sum of up to 20 inputs Multiple inputs are allowed if only one input then the output equals the input E Token Symbol Name MetaSystem I O Description Generic undefined MetaSystem I O token SystemView User s Guide 293 Token Symbol Name Operator Description Generic undefined Operator token Token Symbol Name Function Description Generic undefined Function token Token Symbol Name Multiplier Description The Multiplier forms the product of up to 20 inputs Multiple inputs are allowed if there is only one input the output is zero Token Symbol Name Sink Description Generic undefined Sink token SystemView User s Guide 294 14 7 Optional Libraries In addition to the standard token libraries ELANIX offers optional libraries for use in specialized applications The libraries include I Communications Library This library includes error correcting encoders and decoder
148. e Noise source library is shown below 4 SystemView Source Library 0 Undefined Noise Source Library SystemView User s Guide 71 5 1 3 Aperiodic Sources The Aperiodic Sources provide aperiodic data for a simulation including a custom source token The Aperiodic source library is shown below amp SystemView Source Library 0 Undefined Aperiodic Source Library SystemView User s Guide 72 5 1 4 Import Sources The Import Source is used to import specifically formatted data into the design from an external file designated by the user The Import source library is shown below SystemView Source Library 0 Undefined Import Source Library SystemView User s Guide 73 5 2 Sinks Every system must have at least one Sink that has been defined and has been connected A SystemView Sink stores the output of the token connected to it and the data contained in a Sink is available for detailed examination in the Analysis window Some sinks present collected data directly in the SystemView Design Window The following are brief descriptions of the sink libraries 5 2 1 Analysis Sinks The Analysis Sinks collect data for later analysis The Stop Sink allows the termination of a simulation run based on the results Sink Definition 0 Undefined Analysis Sink Library SystemView User s Guide 74 5 2 2 Numeric Sinks The Numeric sinks provide and display data on the screen The Data List prov
149. e ability to execute the latest release of SystemView with the debug version of the custom library DLL To test in the debug mode follow the steps listed below Build the debug version of the custom library DLL Load the custom library into SystemView Create a test system using members of the library Save the test system svu and exit SystemView Re enter the C environment Set breakpoints in the code where it is desired Click on Build gt Settings gt Debug and input the complete path to the SystemView executable e g c SysVu_32 sysvu_32 exe Click on Build gt Debug gt Go to start SystemView Open the test system svu Change any parameter input to the custom library token Run the system the debugger will stop at the selected breakpoints When SystemView is launched and terminated from the debugger the custom libraries that are added during the debug session are not necessarily remembered between debug sessions Following either of the following steps can prevent this situation Create the simulation system add the libraries prior to the debugging session and save the simulation system After the custom library has been created launch SystemView from the debugger add the libraries exit SystemView and restart the debug session SystemView User s Guide 112 5 9 7 Custom Library Files The following source files are available to help create your SystemView DLL where anyname is distributed as Svucode T
150. e department name and enter on the server e Restart SystemView 2 5 4 Starting the NetSentinel NT Service After the service has been properly installed you may reboot your system to start the NetSentinel NT service automatically You can also use either the NET command or the Service applet in the Control Panel to manually control the service To use the NET command method type the following commands at the command prompt NET START NETSENTINEL _ Starts the service STOP NETSENTINEL _ Stops the service To use the Service applet in Control Panel From the Control Panel select Services The Services dialog box appears Select NetSentinel service Press the Start or Stop button to control the NetSentinel NT service SystemView User s Guide 23 2 5 5 Uninstalling the NetSentinel NT Service To uninstall the NetSentinel NT Service Log onto the workstation Stop the NetSentinel NT service using either the NET command method or the Services applet from the Control Panel Run NSSRVICE EXE executable with U option i e NSSRVICE U 2 6 Novell NetWare File Server Setup 2 6 1 Running the NLM Server The SystemView server VRSVNI NLM must be installed on your Novell NetWare file server NSRVNI NLM is located on the SystemView CD This server runs as a NetWare Loadable Module NLM that can be loaded and unloaded without rebooting the file server The NLM server supports IPX SPX only NSRVNI must be installe
151. e of zero corresponds to a false condition and a flag value of one corresponds to a true condition These outputs indicate the state of internal computations by the issuing token 5 9 8 5 Multiple Input Tokens Within the same system time step if a token has multiple inputs some can be decimated and others cannot Even if inputs are not decimated they may have different token times The default processing of multiple inputs by custom library functions require that a master input be chosen This master input becomes a reference for output time and output rate e g if the master input is decimated the outputs are also decimated If other input times do not match the master input time within a reasonable time tolerance those inputs are considered sampled to a zero with one exception A feedback input is not sampled to a zero if the feedback input time is delayed by one master token time step This default processing for multiple input tokens is used for most SystemView tokens 5 9 8 6 Changing Output Rate If a function changes its output rate relative to its input rate the function becomes Time Active At initialization this function must show its output rate for each output of the token as in a simulation loop and this output rate must not exceed system rate Both token rate and start time for all outputs are set at initialization If the output rate is less than the system rate the output decimation Boolean must be set true otherwise it
152. e the toolbar 2 From the menu select Copy Token Parameters to Note Pad 3 Select the desired token with the mouse quadrature data Operator Linear Sys Disabled DSP Mode Bessel Lovvpass IIR Poles 5 gt Quant Bits None Init Cndtn Transient Output 0 Data Output 1 Overflow Flag Disabled Token 6 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 10 1 Example results of the Parameters To Note Pad operation The annotated note pad will appear and may be resized or edited as necessary SystemView User s Guide 221 Editing Copying note pad text To edit or copy text in a note pad 1 Select the desired note pad 2 Click and drag to select text 3 Edit text or copy and paste text into another note pad or any Windows program Clicking the Notepads menu located above the toolbar to set attributes for selected or for all note pads in the system Another way to copy text is Hide Note Pads New Note Pad Ctrl P Bopp loken Rarameters to Attributes for All Note Pads b Attributes for Selected Note Pad Delete Note Pad Delete All Note Pads 1 Click drag the mouse to select the text to copy 2 Press Ctrl Insert 3 Click inside another note pad and then press Shift Insert The text from the first pad will be copied into the second note pad Moving a note pad To move a note pad 1 Click the left mouse button and hold anywhere inside the note pad 2 Hold
153. econd parameter points to a UserCodeDialogInfo structure If PARAMETER is exported in def file and supports the custom parameter dialog dialog appears when the parameter window is required or dynamic parameter editing is used The PARAMETER function also allows the display of parameter values when requested and to save all parameter values in a svu file The custom parameter dialog handles the messages sent by its controls through Windows 5 9 7 4 2 Functions Each custom library function must be declared with the Pascal calling convention to a C routine For Microsoft C this is _declspec dllexport long WINAPI For Microsoft this is extern C declspec dllexport long WINAPI The return value is 4 byte type integer A UserCodeFunction macro is provided for custom library function declaration 5 9 7 4 3 Function Arguments All custom library functions receive two pointers as arguments The first points to the structure SVGLOBAL that contains global simulation variables and the second points to the structure SVLOCAL that contains token specific data on inputs outputs parameters and the user token memory pointer 5 9 7 4 4 Processing Flow In a system simulation each token is called with three separate SystemView states The states are initialization execution and finalization The initialization call occurs at the beginning of simulation loop iteration and the finalization call occurs at the end of the simulation loop iteration
154. een saver software to prevent possible conflicts between programs Insert the SystemView installation CD into your drive Attach the Hardware Key in accordance with paragraph 2 2 If auto run is active insert the CD and follow the setup instructions riri Biz From the Windows Start menu select Settings then Control Panel then double click the Add Remove Programs icon then click the Install button and follow the instructions 2 2 The SystemView Hardware Key Two types of hardware keys are available The single seat non network hardware key is used for node locked licenses and the network key is used to share licenses over a network The non network key must be attached to your PC s parallel printer port or if SystemView User s Guide 13 using the Universal serial Bus USB key then attach the key to a USB port A driver for the key must be installed on your PC The network key is attached to the parallel printer port on your network server or you may designate any PC on your network to be the SystemView key server A driver for the key must be installed on the server PC but is not required for servers with Novell operating systems The NetSentinel server software must be installed on the designated server PC The NetSentinel server software allows your network key to check licenses in and out to client PCs on your network Microsoft Windows software products use the Rainbow Sentinel Driver The driver makes it
155. ees in the figure below The average error box is checked therefore the optimization will provide an average error of 1 dB for gain and 10 degrees for phase within the selected computation region The design option will optimize the filter design to use up to the maximum number of FIR taps to attain a gain and phase tolerance within the designated region Custom FIR Design C Documents and Settings Administratori My rt b lol x File Edit Preferences d 49 8999 end EE Update FP Fiter 220 B Auto Design Enabled Max FIR Taps Force Peak Gain Fit pa Rescale Gain Error dB D m Phase Error DM Cancel Figure 6 17 The Custom filter design window SystemView User s Guide 168 The SystemView Auto Optimization window below indicates that 216 FIR taps are required to build the desired filter The maximum average gain error within the optimized region is 0 988 dB at 0 152 relative Hz The maximum average phase error is 8 211 degrees at 0 148 relative Hz System iew Auto Optimization x 4 The optimized filter design is complete and successful FIR Taps 216 Results from the defined error computation band 0 122 to 0 334 Rel Hz Max Average Gain Error 0 988 dB near 0 152 Rel Hz Max Average Phase Error 8 211 deg near 0 148 Rel Hz Don t show me this message again If the Use Average Error option has not been selected
156. ength To continue the example shown in Figure 7 5 construct the system Launch a Source token Double click and define it as a sawtooth source and use the default parameter values Use the duplicated MetaSystem token or launch a generic MetaSystem from the token Reservoir Double click on the new token and the file dialog box will appear Select the I amp D mta file created above and then click OK to define the new MetaSystem as I amp D mta To verify this place the mouse on the token and read the identification on the information bar Now launch a Sink token and define it as SystemView SystemView User s Guide 188 To connect the system click the Connect button and then click the Source token followed by the MetaSystem token Complete the connections click on the MetaSystem token and Sink token Execute the system The output in the Analysis window shows the proper T 0 5 sec for this example mlew Sink 5 0 500e 3 1 dew Sink 17 0 4006 3 1 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 7 5 Example of two systems using a common MetaSystem token SystemView User s Guide 189 7 5 MetaSystem I O Tokens MetaSystem I O tokens connect a MetaSystem to the system being designed All connections to the MetaSystem are made using only these tokens gt e Fach MetaSystem output token El can be connected to one token within the MetaSystem and any number of tokens in the parent system
157. erator Coeffs text box three in this example and enter 3 in the No of Denominator Coeffs text box H z Enter the following set of coefficients in the numerator 0 019 0 039 and 0 02 In the denominator enter 1 0 1 58 and 0 65 Now click on the Update button to the right of the display The impulse response will appear in the plot area as shown in Figure 6 28 The user can examine the frequency response by selecting the Gain button It should appear as shown in the frequency domain plot in Figure 6 29 SystemView User s Guide 178 0 200 3 400 3 600 e 3 Figure 6 28 Impulse response Figure 6 29 Frequency response You may also use the Z domain tab in the Linear System Window to enter H z Custom IIR Example Simpson s rule of numerical integration As a second example of the custom IIR capability consider the expression gt 4y 3 Which approximates to order A the integral of a function y using three points separated by step size A This relation when extended to include more than three points becomes I 21 4 y Ay a yu A13 Taking the z transform of the relation yields the transform of the integrator as ignoring 1 42 27 1 27 Set up linear system as described above the scale factor A 3 H z e No Numerator Coeffs 3 e No Denominator Coeffs 3 e Coefficients 1 4 1 Numerator e Coefficients 1 0 1 Deno
158. ew User s Guide 34 6 Launch NSRVGX exe After NSRVGX exe loads you should see the following window 7 Minimize this window and the Server setup is complete Step 4 For the NSSRVICE exe Department Name Setup Refer to 2 5 4 Step 5 For the NSRVNI nlm Department Name Setup Contact Elanix technical support at 818 597 1414 for assistance SystemView User s Guide 35 2 9 3 Client Setup After you have completed Department Name Setup on your SystemView Network Key Server PC you MUST configure each SystemView client to enable access to that server Client setup instructions are provided below 1 Verify that the SystemView Network Key Server PC is available on the network and running the security server software VSRVGX exe NSSRVICE exe or NSRVNI nim 2 Launch SystemView on the client SystemView will not locate the network key and you will see the following error message The SustemView license server is not available on the network or the network key is not connected 2121 Please consult your network administrator SystemView User s Guide 36 3 Click OK and you should now see SystemView License Manager x No licensed seats are available or SystemView can t find the hardware License Key that must be connected to the network server s parallel port usually the printer port If you haven t installed the drivers for the key follow the instructions in the document Hardware Key Setup Gui
159. ewing MetaSystem LMS m15 Figure 7 1 Viewing the MetaSystem via the MetaSystem Window SystemView User s Guide 185 7 3 Saving a MetaSystem MetaSystems are automatically saved with the parent SystemView system file svu and may also be saved in a separate file Any file extension may be used but MTA is recommended use the following to save a system e From the menu select Save MetaSystem and then click on the token to be saved e From the MetaSystem File menu select Save System The Save dialog box appears 7 4 Integrate and Dump Example MetaSystem The finite time integrator or integrate and dump filter is defined mathematically by 1 The output signal y at any time f is the result of integrating the input function 2 over a T second interval beginning at time f The token arrangement is shown in Figure 7 2 with a delay of one half second meu Sink 5 0 500 3 1 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 7 2 Example of a Finite Time Integrator System The system in Figure 7 2 is equivalent to writing the above equation in the form y t x at ix SystemView User s Guide 186 To generate an integrate and dump MetaSystem perform the following steps 1 Create the system shown in Figure 7 2 using Token 0 Integral Operator Group Integral Differential Token Adder Token 2 Negate Operator Group Gain Scale Token 3 Delay Operator Group Delays Token 4 I
160. f the elliptic filter The filter was driven with an impulse and the sink calculator of the analysis window computed the gain and phase response The gain and phase were combined on one window and exported as a text file System iew Analog Filter Library E r BF Filter Order Filter Pass Band m Filter Type zb _ Bessel 4 5j m Low Cuttoff Hz uen Butterworth 5 q e Chebyshev Hicnrqg Bandon Elliptic 30 m Inband Ripple n 05 dB Linear Phase ei EHE dE r Rejection dB ET O1dB 4 gt 0 01 dB Filter input sample rate 100 4 Apply Convert To Laplace Finish SystemView User s Guide 166 To import a custom filter response template from a file click the file menu and select Open Filter Template The file must be ASCII text and must have the following format for N entries Freq value 1 Tab or space Gain value 1 Tab or space Phase value 1 Freq value 2 Tab or space Gain value 2 Tab or space Phase value 2 Freq Value N or space Gain value N or space Phase value N Phase value is optional The following format may also be used Freq value 1 Tab or space Gain value 1 Freq value 2 Tab or space Gain value 2 Freq Value or space Gain value N Freq value 1 Tab or space Phase value 1 Freq value 2 Tab or space Phase value 2 Freq Value or s
161. fferentiator Ready LPF Hilbert 90 deg Truncated Sin t t LPF Bandstop Kaiser LPF m Range 0 5 2 78 2 76 SystemView FIR Design Desin w n 2n N 1 0 lt lt 1 2 2 2n N 1 N 1 2snsN 1 042 05 Cod 2 cos 47 w n 0 5 Cos NI OS NI 1 2 w n gt 1 co 2 2 0 54 046 w n 2 w n wy n 8 w n Auto convolution of the Hamming window SystemView User s Guide 160 Truncated Sin t t ori des Ca 445 I Is the modified Bessel function zero order of the first kind and 0415 a parameter w n Kaiser wn adjusting the width of the main lobe and the peak of the side lobe amplitude within the range of 4 lt a lt 9 The READY window is the auto convolution of the Hamming window and has 80dB sidelobes at the expense of a wider main lobe width Begin the design by selecting the desired window filter type A design window appears showing the general shape of the filter As with the previous FIR designs the window contains data input areas that prompt the user for filter parameters After the data is entered the number of taps is estimated by clicking the Update Tap Estimate button In this case the estimated number is the actual number used and no other choice is available Clicking OK generates the filter coefficients SystemView User s Guide 161 6 2 3 Group 3 Comm The third group of F
162. fined in the hpp file SystemView User s Guide 110 Each function class is from a base class named Token with its own constructor destructor and run member functions predefined In the function constructor the number of Inputs and Outputs must be declared to the base class Token constructor as function function Token ZInput Output At every time step the member function void function run is called If explicit object destruction is necessary at finalization provide the destructor member function function function to perform destruction of the function object custom library token 5 9 6 4 Token Pictures Icons SystemView supports user defined token icons and will provide a default icon if user icons are not supplied SystemView supports the following file formats for user defined token icons with the generating tools in parenthesis e bmp bitmap file MS paint and many other editors e ico icon files any icon editor VC AppStudio VB iconwrks wmf windows metafiles Corel and others The icon files for the custom tokens must be in the same folder as the Custom Library DLL The name of the picture file for a token is defined in the custom library interface structure CodelInfo Note Wmf is the preferred icon format since it is the most scaleable SystemView User s Guide 111 5 9 6 5 Testing with the Debugger One of the major benefits of the Microsoft Visual C environment is th
163. formation on the sample rate Reset On Loop Default Off See Chapter 4 for more information on the sample rate Pause On Loop Default Off See Chapter 4 for more information on the sample rate Enable Preferences Default Off When enabled this option automatically sets the default system time values when you first click the Time button in the System window toolbar SystemView User s Guide 330 19 2 Analysis Window Colors SystemView Analysis Window x Colors Animation Windows Annotation Printing Ext APG m Colors for Print and Copy in Color C Background Use Default Colors Border c c c c c c c c C Text Border Text Cancel Select the item to be changed from the list on the left A color selection palette will open Choose the desired color and click the OK button e Print and Copy In Color Default Off Select this option only if a color printer is available and printing or copying SystemView data in color is desired Both printing and copying to the Windows clipboard are affected by this option e Use Default Colors Default On Select this option to return to the default colors SystemView User s Guide 331 Animation SystemView Analysis Window x Colors Animation Windows Annotation Printing Ext APG Animation Speed 1 0 Slow Fast Iv Show History Enhance Leading Point Manual Control
164. g 60 Time Window 104 SystemView User s Guide Time sliced plots 200 Token Libraries 233 Token Parameters 93 Token parameters displaying 45 token Reservoir 48 49 tokenRate 114 Tokens connecting 52 Tokens disconnecting 52 tokenT 114 toolbar 45 twt svu 91 type 111 Type Active Tokens 124 Type Passive Tokens 124 nconnected User Token 93 nderflow UF 125 ndo button quantization 174 nits Converter 51 pdate button 61 pdate values 61 SERCODE 109 110 serCode C file 99 100 value 114 Variable Token parameters 312 Waterfall plots using Sink Calculator 207 Windowing FIR 174 Windows apply using Sink Calculator 205 xMax 144 xMin 144 z 1 hiding showing 318 z domain 143 Zero ZF 125 Zeros and poles 166 167 U U U U U U U U
165. gic Parameters 1 Threshold 2 TRUE output 3 FALSE output Inputs Up to 20 Outputs y t Description Performs the logical NAND operation on the inputs y t T x t lt Thr alli Otherwise SystemView User s Guide 273 B NOT Group Logic Parameters 1 Threshold 2 TRUE output 3 FALSE output Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Performs the logical NOT operation on the input v t T x t Thr v t F otherwise z Sample Delay Group Delays Parameters 1 Delay samples Active or Passive mode Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token delays the input by the specified number of samples Unlike the Delay Operator the sample delay has a delay time that is dependent on the sample rate provided by the input token data usually the system sample rate F In multi rate systems the input sample rate can be any value that is less than the system sample rate Note the sample delay works as follows After the delay buffers are filled a delayed sample is released from the delay token for every new sample input to the delay token The delay is implemented as y x where amp is the specified sample n k delay The sample delay token has two output ports delay as well as delay dt Where dt 1 The delay dt port should be used to compensate for implicit delays that are placed in feedback loops SystemView User s Guide 274 PM Variable Delay Group Delays Pa
166. greater or equal to the specified threshold value Select the Halt Simulation Prompt Before Halt Alert Only alarm or Go To Next Loop option With the latter you can have this Sink retain only the last sample of each system loop e g a BER curve generation Also refer to the Final Value Sink The output may be observed in the Analysis window SystemView User s Guide 290 Group Graphic Name SystemView Parameters None Description This token will display a plot of a token s output in the System window as the simulation executes Press the Ctrl key and drag the mouse to enlarge the plot display The output may be observed in the Analysis window E gt ame WAV Ich Group Analysis Parameters 1 8 or 16 bit Monaural 2 Data Rate Hz Description SystemView monaural 1 channel output is sent to a special Windows WAV formatted disk file You specify the file name and format 8 or 16 bit and the data rate in Hz Click the right mouse button on the Sink and select Play Audio The output may be observed in the Analysis window SystemView User s Guide 291 SD WAV 2ch Group Analysis Parameters 1 8 or 16 bit Stereo 2 Data Rate Hz Description SystemView stereo 2 channel output is sent to a special Windows WAV formatted disk file You specify the file name and format 8 or 16 bit and the data rate in Hz Click the right mouse button on the Sink and select Play Audio The output may be observed in th
167. here are no limits on Note Pads You can customize the border style of your Notepads 3 D is the default Select NotePads Attributes for All NotePads Border Style See examples below 7 Matna T LES ee m s mese ue mis is 3 D SystemView User s Guide 223 Chapter 11 Printers and Printing To print the system screen click the File pull down menu There are four print modes e Text Tokens e Symbolic Tokens e System Summary e Connection List 11 1 Print System Text Tokens In this mode the system screen will be printed with line art boxes that replace the Symbolic Tokens The line art boxes include text to describe each token SystemVisu FLANI HERMITE POLYNOMIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION Source Figure 11 1 Result when using Text Tokens mode to print system screen SystemView User s Guide 224 11 2 Print System Symbolic Tokens In this mode the system is printed as it is displayed in the System window HERMITE POLYNOMIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION SystemView by ELANIX Figure 11 2 Result when using Symbolic Tokens mode to print system screen SystemView User s Guide 225 11 3 Print System Summary This mode provides a printing option that will print a description summary of all tokens A system summary for the Hermpoly svu example is shown in Figure 11 3 SystemView by ELANIX SYSTEM SUMMARY
168. hey can be added to and or changed as needed e Svucode h e Resource h e Usercode rc Usercode c e anyname DEF required for SystemView to access DLL interface information e anyname HPP used only with the CPP file e anyname C or anyname CPP The following paragraphs explain how these files are used The Custom Library section has partial source code organized by file type for the distributed example SystemView User s Guide 113 5 9 7 1 Svucode h The Svucode h file contains the standard SystemView header information including structure definitions and globally defined macros like UserCode Function This file should be included with each custom library C or CPP file Svucode h includes the following structure definitions SystemView Global Variables structure SVGLOBAL This structure includes variables associated with the Time Window and other variables associated with the simulation control such as initialize and finalize SystemView Token input output structure SVinout Every input and output is described with this structure SystemView Token Local Variables structure SVLOCAL For each token this structure specifies the number of inputs a pointer to an array of pointers to input structures number of outputs and a pointer to an array of output structures Also the number of parameters a pointer to the parameter array the string parameter a user token memory pointer the token number and a pointer to an arra
169. ialog Button being disabled For the standard Parameter Dialog the string parameter box is only visible when the string Label field for that function is filled out 5 9 5 5 Unconnected User Token An unconnected custom library token will not be included in the execution sequence of the simulation SystemView analyzes the connection between tokens to determine the execution sequence Any group of connected tokens that does not include both a source and a sink token will be considered isolated and will not be executed 5 9 6 Building a Custom Library DLL To build a DLL file a compiler that supports the generation of Windows DLLs is required If a DLL can be generated the compiler will have information on DLL programming Shown is a partial list of C C compilers that create Windows DLLs Borland C Windows MetaWare High Microsoft Visual C Symantec C SystemView User s Guide 103 5 9 6 1 Example Files The distributed example files can be used as templates for new custom libraries and for practice builds The files can build C and C versions of the example custom library svucode h standard header resource h custom parameter dialog window header usercode rc custom parameter dialog window and its controls svucode def usercode c For the C Version svucode c uses svucode h For the C Version svucode hpp svucode cpp both use svucode h Usercode rc and resource h are used for functions that
170. id Finer Snap To Grid Default Off This option doubles the grid resolution from the default value Enable Drag amp Drop Connect Default On Allows quick connect and disconnect of tokens Place mouse on token until up arrow appears hold left mouse button down and drag towards next token until they connect To disconnect place mouse on token to be disconnect until up arrow with a break in it appears Connections to that token will appear as dashed lines Hold left mouse button down and click on the token to be disconnected SystemView User s Guide 325 Auto Show Token Parameters Default On This option displays SystemView token parameters when the mouse cursor is pointed at a token Show Background Grid Default On This option displays or hides the System window grid Show Token I O Numbers Default On This option displays or hides the output to input port numbers Show Implicit Delays z 1 Default On This option displays or hides the location of implicit delays if any in the system See Chapter 13 for more information on implicit delays Show Version and Build Default On This option shows the current SystemView Version and Build in the upper left hand corner of the SystemView design area SystemView User s Guide 326 Numeric amp Run Time Customize SystemView x System Colors Design Area Numeric amp Run Time Eeatures System Time
171. ides the output in tabular form on the system screen This feature is extremely useful for debugging a system when a point by point numerical output is required Sink Definition 0 Undefined Numeric Sink Library SystemView User s Guide 75 5 2 3 Graphic Sinks The Graphic Sink is used to display the particular graphs in the SystemView design area The Real Time Sink displays data in real time as the system executes Outputs may be seen in the analysis window or the system probe can be used to view waveform development as the system executes Sink Definition 0 Undefined Graphic Sink Library SystemView User s Guide 76 5 2 4 Export Sinks The Export sink allows the export of data in a variety of formats The 1 channel monaural and 2 channel stereo Wav sink output is sent to a special windows WAV formatted disk file Sink Definition 0 Undefined Export Sink Library SystemView User s Guide 77 5 3 Operators The Operator library contains tokens that perform an operation on their inputs The general form is y t Opr x t where is the input time function y f is the output time function and Opr is the specified operation for example the derivative Chapter 14 provides a detailed description of the Operators their mathematical functions and user defined parameters 5 3 1 Filters Linear System Operators The Filters Systems Operators perform a variety of linear system
172. ilter is a consequence of a System rate change SystemView will automatically re compute the filter in the background SystemView User s Guide 164 Impulse Response Amplitude vs Time in sec 41 samples Figure 6 15 Example of Sin t t impulse response using the values specified in Figure 6 14 Gaussian Filters Gaussian Parametric FIR Bandwidth Hz 2 Input Sample Rate Fs Hz 100 Cancel 4 FIR Taps 51 System Rate 100 Hz Figure 6 16 The Gaussian filter parametric design window The Gaussian filter has a Gaussian time and frequency response The frequency response is given by wD Where B is the specified Bandwidth in Hz SystemView automatically computes the number of FIR taps required and will automatically update the FIR tap values if the input rate to the filter changes SystemView User s Guide 165 6 2 4 Group 4 Custom The final group of FIR filters are custom designs with arbitrary gain and or phase characteristics that can 1 be defined using the mouse 2 defined by entering gain phase and frequency values in the table 3 defined from a text file or 4 any combination of the above The file template used in the example is shown below and contains samples obtained through the Analysis window and Analog Filter design of a four pole elliptic bandpass filter The SystemView Analog Filter Library window below shows the configuration o
173. in a standard SystemView installation and explains the use The standard SystemView libraries include Sources Sinks Functions Operators a MetaSystem I O definition an Adder and a Multiplier token Chapter 14 provides a detailed description of each standard SystemView token In addition to the standard token libraries ELANIX offers a number of optional libraries which are described in section 14 7 Optional libraries when ordered are supplemented with separate printed technical guides 5 1 Sources Every system must have at least one Source SystemView provides a diverse library of standard sources to provide inputs to the system The standard sources are supplemented by the Custom Sources and imported Sources The Custom Sources allow the definition of a variety of source types The designer can also define an external file as a Source so that SystemView can import signals and data SystemView User s Guide 69 5 1 1 Periodic Sources The Periodic sources generate cyclic data and each one has a set of parameters that define the token For example the Sinusoidal Source parameters include frequency amplitude and phase of the sine wave The Periodic source library is shown below 4 SystemView Source Library 0 Undefined Periodic Source Library SystemView User s Guide 70 5 1 2 Noise PN Sources The Noise PN Sources utilize a random number generator to provide samples to support statistical analysis of a system Th
174. ing Apply Window under the Operators tab SystemView User s Guide 211 Cross Correlation This operation computes the circular cross correlation between all plots within the two selected plot windows To avoid end effects you should window the plots prior to auto correlation by using Apply Window under the Operators tab Options Circular FFT Based Circular Not FFT Based Normalize Lag By Number of samples Convolution This operation computes the circular convolution between all plots within the two selected plot windows To avoid end effects you should window the plots prior to auto correlation by using Apply Window under the Operators tab Operators Overlay Plots Overlays all selected plot windows Integrate Integrates all plots in the selected window Differentiate Differentiates all plots in the selected window Cumulative Sum Keeps a running sum of sample values Magnitude Computes the magnitude i e absolute value of all plots in the selected window Decimate By Decimates removes samples from all plots within the selected plot window by the specified decimation factor d Wea T forall samples i such n that i mod d 0 Moving Average This operation forms the moving average of all plots within the selected plot window using the relation FE Ww enn Ww n cali 1 6 hj Where Wai is the i th sample in We and N is the time window length in gt sam
175. ing the sum at token 7 Tokens 1 and 2 down convert the composite signal back into baseband I and waveforms Linear System tokens 3 and 4 filters out the double frequency term The resulting demodulated baseband waveforms are shown in the first graphic Using the SystemView scatter plot capability the I and Q can be plotted against each other producing the familiar 16 QAM constellation A small amount of Gaussian noise token 15 has been added to make the constellation more visible 16 QAM CONSTELLATION GENERATOR Fil 4 level signal signal 4 level Q signa ES Pi g SystemView by ELANIX Figure A 7 1 QAM SystemView User s Guide 348 Sink 5 Q sgnal out I PTTL UHR FRENTE F T T Constellation ws O with added noise 150 e 3 on ps LH RC eer Hp E 150 e 3 wi Amplitude di x Figure A 7 2 I and Constellation SystemView User s Guide 349 A 8 Second Order Costas Loop File costas svu This SystemView example implements a second order Costas demodulator for a PN PSK signal The input is a binary PSK signal having a phase and frequency different than the reference loop The generated err
176. interactive root locus where editing poles and zeros with the mouse can be done Click and drag the mouse to zoom the plot In addition to manually zooming in by drawing a window with the left mouse button the scale of the plot region can be changed by entering values for xMax xMin yMax and yMin or the FFT size Clicking the Update button displays these changes Customize the plot by clicking the right mouse button within the plot or use the Preferences Menu Linear System tokens may be defined in several different ways Design a FIR filter by clicking the FIR button Design an analog IIR continuous filter by clicking the Analog button Design a communications filter Gaussian Raised Cosine Root Raised Cosine and Sin t t by clicking the Comm button Design a custom filter frequency gain and phase by clicking the Custom button Specify the system in the Laplace s domain by clicking the Laplace Custom button SystemView will automatically compute the z domain coefficients Enter z domain coefficients a b or define H z by clicking Z domain Import the coefficients a by from an external file The result of the system specification is a z domain transfer function H z of the form n 21 sedi His 2 b tbz bz SystemView User s Guide 152 6 2 Finite Impulse Response FIR Filter Design There are four groups of FIR filters supported by SystemView e Clicking the FIR button accesses the
177. is listed on the left side of the window This is the ordered execution list for each token as compiled An empty list except for Sources and sinks which may not be changed or the previously defined custom sequence that was created will be displayed on the right side of the window When starting with an empty list edit the sequence by selecting the first token or group of tokens from the default sequence Select the token from the user list to be inserted after the selection from the default sequence Click the transfer button gt gt to move the selection to the specified insertion point in the user list Continue this process until the new sequence is complete Use the Find Token button to locate any specific token in long lists A token or a group can be removed from the user list by first selecting and then clicking the reverse transfer button lt lt When editing an existing User Sequence list remove the token from the Use Exe Sequence before inserting it into its new position SystemView User s Guide 311 System Execution Sequence Editor x Default Exe Sequence User Exe Sequence 0 source 1 15 Multiplier 5 15 Operator 8 Multiplier Find 2 Fr 10 Multiplier 12 10 Operator 11 12 Operator 13 11 Operator Print List 5 13 Adder 3 5 Operator 4 3 Function 4 Function 7 sink F sink 9 sink 3 sink DK 14 sink 14 sink Apply Default Sequence Ap
178. is then visually presented when a custom token is defined Type Name Description Limits int Reference Number Number of functions 1 to 80 svFunction LANE functlist Pointer to an array of svFunction structures CodelInfo Structure Description SystemView User s Guide 120 1 source 2 general 3 sink char abbreviation A short name for the function is used in custom token identification 6 2 6 char comment Comment is displayed in custom library dialog 25 51 25 20 char pictureFileName Filename for token picture wmf is preferred The referred file should be in the same folder as the DLL int numInputs Expected maximum number of Inputs BOOL assignedinputs TRUE means input order important Divide FALSE means order is unimportant Add char inlabel Pointer to an array of input labels for 20 assigned inputs Number of floating point parameters paramLabel Pointer to array of parameter labels double paramValue Pointer to array of default values for IEEE the floating point parameters double precision SystemView User s Guide 121 stringLabel String parameter label Argument is activated when character string assigned Default value for string parameter 300 svFunction Structure Description The special function PASSWORD is required only for user code access restriction and must be declared BOOL WINAPI PASSWORD struct UserCodePasswordInfo The UserCodePasswordInfo struc
179. its the output is 3 11 b SystemView User s Guide 262 P 1 Name FFT Group Filters Systems Parameters 1 Select FFT direction Forward Inverse 2 FFT size samples Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token performs sequential FFTs on the input Output begins one sample after the FFT size for an FFT size of 32 a minimum of 64 samples is needed and is continuous thereafter The DC component of the output spectrum will occur at sample number FFT size FFT size 2 e g for an FFT size of 32 a DC signal will occur at sample 48 Given a frequency resolution that is an integer multiple of the frequency of interest then each sample represents a F FFT size Hz step where F is the overall sampling rate e g if F is 16Hz and the FFT size is 32 then each sample represents a 0 5Hz step The magnitude of the FFT peak is the amplitude of the signal times half the FFT size The user can select from one to five outputs the real or imaginary component the magnitude the phase or phase unwrapped ame Fraction Group Gain Scale Parameters 1 Retain the Fractional and or Integer parts 2 Output Gain Inputs x t Outputs y t Description This token extracts the fractional or integer part of the input e g for the fractional option G is the specified gain An input of 3 01 becomes G x 0 01 SystemView User s Guide 263 E Gain Group Gain Scale Parameters 1 G
180. l Maintenance With the SystemView professional maintenance program you receive technical support and FREE upgrades when they are released SystemView User s Guide 359 e Quick Printing Press Print Screen button on the keyboard to copy the screen to the Windows clipboard Press Alt and Print Screen keys to copy the active plot window in the Analysis window Paste the image in the word processor or other program and print e Random parameter variations Select Global Links under Tools menu select un uniform or gn Gaussian under System Variables list and then type algebraic relationship Real Time and SystemView Sinks Click the right mouse button to customize the background and foreground colors copy or print the current plot Size the Sink using the size controls e Retaining only the last value of a simulation run Use the Final Value Sink to retain the final or last value from a run e Saving MetaSystems Select Save MetaSystem under the File menu then click the MetaSystem token e Shortcut for Connecting Tokens Press Ctrl key and click the From and To tokens e Shortcut for Disconnecting Tokens Press the Shift key and click the From and To tokens e System Probe Click the Pause button on the Probe control panel to pause the system run and view the current Sink data in the Analysis window Click the Go button 7 to resume the run e System Probe Use the probe Slider to make
181. lane diagram The vertical axis is frequency and the horizontal axis is phase modulo T n The loop skips several cycles before locking To see the dynamics use the animate feature in the analysis window SystemView User s Guide 346 A 6 Modeling An Unknown System File model svu This example implements an LMS adaptation of an unknown plant The unknown plant and the LMS transversal filter are both driven by white Gaussian noise In this example the filter has the exact order as the unknown plant The graphic shows the filter weights adapting to their correct values and the corresponding reduction in the error signal ADAPTIVE MODELING OF UNKNOWN SYSTEM Gaussian noise A fe error 2 LMS meta token ife FIR Weight 23 i L FIR Weight SystemView by ELANIX Figure A 6 1 Modeling an unknown system Overlay of Sink 24 Sink 25 Sink 28 4 8 12 18 E Figure A 6 2 LMS adaptation to unknown plant SystemView User s Guide 347 A 7 Generation of 16 QAM File qam svu this simple SystemView example generates a 16 QAM quadrature amplitude modulation system by separately modulating a sine and cosine with independent four level amplitudes and form
182. lect Analog To define the filter click Chebyshev and Bandpass Now choose seven poles this filter type can have a maximum of nine an in band ripple of 0 1 dB and lower and upper cutoff frequencies of 10 KHz and 200 KHz When these entries are made click OK and the impulse response of the filter will be plotted The gain of the filter versus frequency relative to the system sample rate is plotted by selecting the Gain button Click the Bode Plot button for an interactive display of gain and phase as shown in Figure 6 22 Gaine 1 0 3 1 0 4 1 0 5 Phase i 1 3 3 2 H1 HHH HHH H 504 1004 1504 2004 2504 3004 Frequency in Hz tt pa pt 440 50dB div 1 0 3 1 0 4 1 0 5 90 Figure 6 22 Seven pole Chebyshev Band Pass filter gain and phase response SystemView User s Guide 173 6 4 Laplace Systems SystemView provides the capability to directly implement a continuous linear system in a single token if SystemView has its Laplace transform The implementation architecture consists of breaking the system into a product of fourth order sections H s 1 a 5 a SHA 5 Each fourth order section is automatically transformed into the z domain by using the 1 2 1 2 token SystemView automatically senses the presence of decimators and or sampler tokens preceding this token and adjusts the z d
183. lick the right mouse button within the plot for a selection of options SystemView User s Guide 170 SystemView Bode Plot 2 OLX File Edit Preferences Freq 2 543e 1 Hz Gain 1 379e 1 48 Phase 81 83 dea 1 0 1 1 0 1 Frequency Parameters Hz Linear Min Freg Max Freq No Samples 4 FP P Figure 6 18 Bode plot for the custom filter design Impulse Response Amplitude vs Time in sec 63 samples i i 0 200 e 3 400 e 3 600 e 3 Figure 6 19 Impulse response for the custom filter design SystemView User s Guide 171 6 3 Analog Continuous Filter Design Five classes of analog filters can be designed using this selection menu including Butterworth Bessel Chebyshev Elliptic linear Phase These can be Low Pass High Pass Band Pass or Band Reject filters Click the Analog button in the Filter Design group to open the window shown in Figure 6 20 SystemView Analog Filter Library Ix m Filter m No of Poles p Filter Pass Band 3 Lowpass r Low Cuttoff Hz gt Bandpass Butterworth D Highpass Chebyshev EEA Hi Cutoff __Bandstop Elliptic 0 Bj 0 5 dB Linear Phase L Hejection 08 _ ji 0 01 dB r Fiter input sample rate Hz Laplace x
184. list 1 Restart SystemView 2 Remove all custom libraries from SystemView restart SystemView and add back the custom libraries 3 Call Elanix Custom library description not found in the library 1 Check for SVUCODE or USERCODE routine in the custom library and if the routine exists check the function declaration 2 Check for DEF file and if it exists check the list of custom library functions under the EXPORTS section Cannot refresh library information out of memory 1 Close other applications 2 Configure system for greater virtual memory 3 Add memory Cannot add library to the list out of memory See fix in error 5 Cannot load library information out of memory See fix in error 5 Custom library description cannot be accessed 1 Check CodeInfo member numFunctions it may be zero 2 Is CodeInfo pointer modified It can t change View User s Guide 129 Is not a valid number of functions Number of functions in custom library must be positive and not exceed maximum allowed 128 Function name is blank Number of functions in custom library description must correspond to the actual number of functions and listed consecutively Is not a valid number of parameters for function Number of parameters must be positive and not exceed maximum allowed 9 Invalid pointer to the parameter name of function Function parameter name too long over 21 bytes Invalid pointer to default
185. lot window with the mouse then click drag one of the size controls on the plot boundary 2 Click the Analysis button if the plots do not automatically appear click the New Sink Data toolbar button at the far left on the Analysis toolbar Next click the Open All button on the toolbar Two plots should be seen the input 4 Hz sine wave and the square of the sine wave 3 Click the Sink Calculator button 90 at the base of the window and select the Operators tab Select Overlay Plots and then select the two sinks in the list that are to be overlaid then click OK 4 Click the Sink Calculator again and click the Spectrum tab Select any one of the spectrum types Select the newly created overlay window from the list and click OK A new plot window will appear showing the spectrum associated with the two input signals Verify that one line occurs at 4 Hz and that the others the squared signal are located at 0 Hz and 8 Hz Click EIE the Tile Vertical toolbar button to arrange the plot windows 3 5 Example Feedback System The example feedback system shown in figure 3 10 and described below will help with the creation of a dynamic system containing feedback The system results can be seen in figure 3 11 SystemView User s Guide 58 ystemMew Sink 5 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 3 10 Feedback system example prior to execution 1 Clear the system using the clear button on the toolbar 2 Cli
186. lter in the system the output at the end of one loop simply becomes the initial condition for the next loop SystemView User s Guide 65 If the Reset option is activated then all token values are reset after each loop Statistical averaging using the Averaging Sink over loops is possible to make repeated runs thus averaging the results over many trials If the basic system is a sine wave with added noise and is followed by an FFT the SNR in the signal FFT bin can be improved by setting the number of System Loops to a value Z greater than one Each run will use a different noise segment The Averaging Sink then averages the individual time segments together The signal portion adds coherently while the noise deviation falls as the reciprocal square root of L The Pause On Loop feature allows a simulation pause at the end of each loop to analyze the current results For example the Analysis window shows the current sink waveforms Select Loop can only be enabled when the Pause on Loop option is selected 4 8 Modifying the System Sample Rate The sample rate can be modified resulting in a mixed rate model Using the Decimate Sampler Hold Resampler Delay the Sampler Delay operator tokens or the Extract Multiplex or demultiplex function tokens can do this The system rate produced by the master clock is not affected The Decimate token is used to control the number of samples taken in a simulation The tokens following the Decimate
187. lynomial File Hermpoly svu This SystemView example solves the differential equation 2 0 In quantum mechanics this is Schroedinger s equation for a harmonic oscillator The parameterA can have only discrete values of the form 2n 1 with n being an integer In this example n 10 HERMITE POLYNOMIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION m fe ime 4 21 442 SystemView by ELANIX Figure A 1 1 Hermite polynomial in SystemView sine Seconds Figure A 1 2 Hermite polynomial from quantum mechanics SystemView User s Guide 338 Name Group Parameters Negate Gain Scale None Operators Integral 1 Zero Order Differential 2 Initial Condition default 0 2 Integral Integral 1 Zero Order EA Differential 2 Initial condition 1 Time Aperiodic Gain 1 External Offset 0 Sinks Polynomial Algebraic X 5 Coeff 0 X 2 Coeff 1 uh Functions XM Coeff 0 X 1 Coeff 0 X 3 Coeff 0 X 0 Coeff 21 Analysis Analysis Export Table A 1 1 Tokens used in Hermpoly svu SystemView User s Guide 339 A 2 Chip Rate Detector File chiprate svu This SystemView example implements a delay and multiply type chip rate detector used to detect PN type spread spectrum signals Mathem
188. mView allows designer to control when different portions of the system operate or process data as a function of an algebraic logical expression A single scheduler token may control any number of tokens or MetaSystems Each scheduler token contains an algebraic logical expression that is evaluated every system sample If the expression is true greater than or equal to the specified threshold then all tokens and MetaSystems that are controlled by this scheduler token will be called if the expression is false less than the specified threshold then these tokens and MetaSystems will not be called The algebraic logical expression is defined within the scheduler token s dialog window and can be a function of system parameters such as current loop and system rate runtime parameters such as current time or current sample parser functions such as sin or abs or token output 5 8 1 Complex Control It is possible to use the output of scheduler tokens in conjunction with other SystemView token s to create a complex controller system without resorting to long algebraic logical SystemView User s Guide 91 expressions in the scheduler window Schedulers MetaSystems and other SystemView tokens can be used in either series or parallel to drive the behavior of another scheduler eee bee mmm eee 1 TH Lu m w ee eee 1 I 1 1 I 1 r I 1 1 1 L I 1 I I 1 r
189. mView simulation While this may appear somewhat awkward this constraint is no different than that found in the physical realization of the process being simulated SystemView Function Library 0 Undefined Complex Functions Library SystemView User s Guide 86 5 4 4 Algebraic Functions The Algebraic Functions provide algebraic operations on inputs The Polynomial function can be specified up to the fifth order The Vector Function takes all of its inputs as a single vector to produce a single output The method used to calculate the single output is specified by a user defined parameter 4 SystemView Function Library 0 Undefined Algebraic Functions Library SystemView User s Guide 87 5 4 5 Phase Frequency Functions The Phase and Frequency Functions allow the modulation of the phase and frequency of a sinusoid signal used in the simulation SystemView Function Library 0 Undefined Phase Frequency Function Library SystemView User s Guide 88 5 4 6 Multiplex Functions The Multiplex Functions provide the means for merging and or extracting two or more data streams They are also useful for forming data packets often used in communication systems SystemView Function Library 0 Undefined Multiplex Function Library SystemView User s Guide 89 5 5 Multipliers The Multiplier forms the product of its inputs and supports up to 20 inputs If there is
190. meters 1 File name for the transfer function Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Produces a custom transfer function that you specify in an external file The file data must be text in one of the following formats X Y pairs no header separated by a space tab or comma The X s should be in ascending order as shown 3 14 2 0 18 7 2 2 16 4 Equally spaced data with header Samples 3 Xmin 10 Xmax 29 11 3 13 1 119 1 Samples refers to the number of values in the table Xmin and Xmax define the input ranges that are valid for the output values The maximum number of samples is 8 192 Example SystemView User s Guide 259 14 2 SystemView Operator Library om This symbol represents a generic undefined Operator token Pak ame Average Group Filters Systems Parameters 1 Time window T sec Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Outputs the moving average of the input Group Logic 1 4 xoda Parameters 1 True Output v 2 False Output v 3 Comparison Inputs x t x t Outputs y t Description Compares the two inputs x t vs x t According to selected comparison rule i e lt gt lt gt gt The output 1 if compare is True and output 0 if compare is False SystemView User s Guide 260 ii Decimate Group Sample Hold Parameters 1 Decimation factor integer Input
191. minator SystemView User s Guide 179 Normalize using a Gain token with a value of Time Step 3 Drive this system with any input source Verify that the output is the integral of the input This idea can be extended indefinitely to even higher orders of integration 6 6 Importing System Coefficients for Custom Design Linear System coefficients numerator and denominator can be imported from an external file one in which the filter coefficients have been calculated previously by some other means To properly import the coefficients format the file as follows The coefficient data must be in either text format ASCII or in text format with embedded binary single precision IEEE floating point values e The data for the numerator is first This data must have a header defining the number of coefficients in the numerator directly followed by the coefficients The column continues without a break by defining the number of coefficients in the denominator directly followed by the denominator coefficients Consider the following text coefficient file the character is the only required identifier in the header of each list Numerator 3 0 019 0 039 0 019 Denominator 3 1 0 1 58 0 66 This file defines the same transfer function that was defined in section 6 5 Coefficient files must also be imported using this format To import coefficients from a file select the File menu in the Linear System design window then
192. mple analog feedback system shown in Figure 13 1 Y s sf O F s H s Figure 13 1 Continuous feedback system The basic Laplace equations describing this system are Y s G s E s E s F s F s H s Y s Y s _ G s X s 1 G s H s Resulting in the loop transfer function Now consider the same loop only this time we implement the equations as a time discrete sampled data system SystemView User s Guide 233 The equations now become Where h t Y and g t are the time impulse responses of the forward and feedback loop transfer functions and indicates convolution To calculate t f we must first calculate e t do this we need to use the second equation But to calculate r we need to use the last equation However to compute f t we must know y t Which brings us back to where we started In this example we find that the equations cannot be implemented as they are The basic problem is the fact that the feedback loop value is dependent on its own value used elsewhere in the loop We cannot calculate the value until we calculate the value There are two points to consider in this dilemma The first relates to the Laplace equations used at the beginning of this example The time problem does not come into play here since we are working with analytical not physical quantities Secondly a real analog loop
193. mplicit delays and lists every token that has an implicit delay at its input Double click any listed token and SystemView will display that token Click the Next button to have the Compiler Wizard find the next valid execution sequence Click the Yes button to keep the compiler variation that is acceptable The option titled Enable Finer Compiler Variations forces the Compiler Wizard to perform a deeper search for possible sequence variations and may take longer to execute SystemView User s Guide 310 16 4 Using the System Tokens Selecting Use Sys Tokens provides a simple way to edit the system execution sequence graphically Click the system or MetaSystem tokens in the order they are to be executed Begin with Source tokens or choose a location anywhere in the system to edit only a portion of the sequence Click Cancel Last Edit in the Compiler menu to cancel the last token selected Click Cancel Edit Operation to cancel the entire operation When finished with the sequence edit click End Edit in the Compiler menu To view the results click Use the Sequence Editor or click Animate Exe Sequence in the Compiler menu 16 5 Using the Exe List When the Use Exe List is selected the Sequence Editor shown in Figure 16 3 appears The entries shown in the example are from the example file Costas Svu located in the sysvu_32 examples directory This system has a user defined custom execution sequence The default execute sequence
194. mpulse Source Group Aperiodic Token 5 SystemView Sink Group Graphic 2 Define System Time and execute the system Viewing the output in the Analysis window shows the proper T 0 5 sec for this example 3 Convert a subsystem into a MetaSystem using the create MetaSystem button no on the tool 4 Press control and using the mouse button surround the following tokens integrate adder delay and negate then release the mouse button The resulting screen places the MetaSystem token in place of the operator tokens as shown below SystemMew Sink 5 500 3 1 SystemView by Figure 7 3 Tokens Collapsed to MetaSystem SystemView User s Guide 187 5 View the resulting MetaSystem using the View MetaSystem Button SystemView by ELANIX Figure 7 4 The Integrate and Dump MetaSystem The In token represents a MetaSystem input and the Out token represents a MetaSystem output The yellow highlight under the In Token 7 and the Out Token 8 indicates that the tokens are connected Save the MetaSystem as I amp D mta using the MetaSystem File menu or duplicate the MetaSystem by clicking on the duplicate button Exit the MetaSystem Window by using the return button d To incorporate a saved MetaSystem into the system simulation use the I amp D MetaSystem just developed The integrate and dump filter is a linear filter whose impulse response is a unit high step of T units in l
195. multiplexor token can reverse the operation of the multiplexor by extracting samples from an input frame The number of output channels up to 20 is defined by segments and the number of bits being sent to each output channel is by segment sample entry The slot boundary offset entry allows starting the operation after a specified number of samples Ad Half Rectify Group Non Linear Parameters 1 Zero point Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Half wave rectifies the input according to v t 2 x t z x t 2z 0 elsewhere Were z is the specified zero point SystemView User s Guide 250 24 Hysteresis Group Non Linear Parameters 1 Bandwidth 2 Backlash 3 Slope Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Provides a hysteresis transfer function with characteristics specified by the bandwidth and gain parameters Very small bandwidths relative to the system sample rate result in a sluggish hysteresis i e a lowpass filter whereas large bandwidths e g 0 3 x sample rate result in a stiff hysteresis gg Limit Group Non Linear Parameters 1 Input max 2 Output max Inputs x t Outputs y t Description The output is limited to the Output Maximum when the input exceeds the Input Maximum x 0 lt 0 lt InMax OutMax sign x t x t gt InMax Hard limiting is accomplished by setting InMax 0 SystemView User s Guide 251
196. nce a MetaSystem is opened the file information is saved in memory This new change re opens MetaSystems without delay Previous versions of SystemView would re create the MetaSystem each time it was viewed To release memory click File I Close and Release Memory SystemView User s Guide 194 Figure 7 8 Two MetaSystems open SystemView User s Guide 195 Chapter 8 The Dynamic System Probe The Dynamic System Probe functions like both an oscilloscope and spectrum analyzer The three channel Dynamic System Probe has been integrated into a single tool that is available whenever a system is running Selection is possible for internal or external trigger sources tokens free run positive negative or positive and negative trigger slopes and the trigger threshold level When the System Probe is active the user may also change the parameters of any token in the system dynamically i e while your system is running and observe the results in real time Simply pause the probe and then click the right mouse button on any token and select Edit Parameters from the menu list ER CUm 1 data 4 gt a alll xz e 5 Figure 8 1 The Dynamic System Probe as it ap
197. nds Figure A 3 2 Operation of LMS Loop showing error signals and tap weight convergence SystemView User s Guide 343 A 4 Blind Equalizer File equal svu This SystemView example implements a seven tap blind equalizer that derives the error signal by a method developed by Lucky Since each arm of the equalizer is identical in form it is implemented via a MetaSystem This significantly reduces the effort required to create the simulation and it also reduces the Token count in the System window as shown The output graphic shows the weights adapting toward these theoretical values The channel has a transfer function A z 1 0 527 The equalizer must then have a transfer function T z 1 0 527 0 252 HG View Zoom 80 SystemView by ELANIX Figure A 4 1 Equalizer SystemView User s Guide 344 System vlew by ELAN TE Overlay of Sink 8 Sink 18 Sink 26 Sink 27 Sink 36 n 2 4 8 10 2 4 6 8 10 Time in Seconds Figure A 4 2 Overlaid results A 5 Second Order PLL Phase Plane Trajectory File pll svu This SystemView example implements the solution of the differential equation 4
198. ne Description This sink displays the current system time and Sink input value in real time as the system executes The output may be observed in the Analysis window a E n Data List Group Numeric Parameters None Description This token generates a list of the data received by the sink and displays the list on the System screen Press the Ctrl key and drag the mouse to enlarge the data list display The output may be observed in the Analysis window SystemView User s Guide 287 Name Ext Ich Group Export Parameters 1 File name 2 Data format selected from 8 bit Integer 16 bit integer IEEE single or double precision Binary or ASCII text Description This token is used to record the results of a SystemView simulation for use in other applications For example single channel monaural test data generated by SystemView is saved in such files The SystemView output is sent to the disk file defined by the user The user specifies the file name and format 1 bit 8 or 16 bit integer IEEE single or double precision or ASCII text Output may also be observed in the Analysis window fl Ext 2ch Group Export Parameters 1 File name 2 Data format selected from 8 bit Integer 16 bit integer IEEE single or double precision Binary or ASCII text Description This token is used to record the results of a SystemView simulati
199. ne Algebraic Expression F P i Gi Vi 4 inl o1 Unique Tag Hie Comment 80 Ei Tokens are enabled when the expression is gt Threshold Advanced System Variables Reference List Vi Threshold 500 3 ct Current system time sec Checked Tokens Are Scheduled 3i i Scheduler Tokens Bm F i3 OK Remove Non Checked Add Token s E Each scheduler token contains an algebraic logical operation that is calculated to determine if all controlled tokens and MetaSystems will be called In this example we want the noise source to operate only when the current system time ct is greater than 1 second So we define F to be ct gt 1 therefore the scheduled tokens Token 4 Source Gauss Noise will not operate until the system time reaches one second In order for the scheduler Token 4 to be enabled or disabled under this condition we go down to the Scheduled Token List below and select the Add Token s button You can also simply drag and drop tokens into the checked token list Selecting this button will reduce the Scheduler Token Window down to a smaller size allowing the user to select the token s that are to be enabled disabled by this scheduler token the user selected tokens will be automatically added to the Scheduled Token List 5 Scheduler Token 0 12l xl File Checked Tokens Are Scheduled Source Gauss Noise
200. nected set of tokens With each system time step tokens are called in sequence based on the compiled execution sequence always beginning with source tokens and ending with sink tokens During a simulation SystemView in one of three separate system states calls each token 1 Initialization 2 Execution and 3 Finalization To create outputs a custom token may use 1 token parameters set by the user before or during the simulation 2 global variables supplied by SystemView during the simulation as in the system time window 3 inputs from other tokens and 4 internally kept constants and variables Inputs and outputs are passed via token connections All custom library token behavior is defined by member functions residing in one or more Dynamic Link Libraries DLLs Each DLL can have up to 80 custom functions The DLL name is user defined and can be located in any folder SystemView User s Guide 100 5 9 4 Custom Library Examples The Custom folder in the Examples folder has a custom library DLL with functions svucode dll Included in the same folder are the C source files that created the svucode dll svucode h resource h usercode rc svucode def usercode c svucode c Included in the same folder are source files that create an equivalent svucode dll in C svucode h resource h usercode rc svucode def usercode c svucode hpp svucode cpp SystemView User s Guide 101 5 9 5 USING a Custom Token in System
201. ng Bartlett Blackman Ready and the Kaiser window These windows are applied after filter definition by selecting the desired window type from the Window menu Upon selection the window is immediately applied to the numerator coefficients The results are plotted as the selected time gain and phase or group delay function The application of the window can be removed by selecting Undo Apply As an example apply the Hamming window to the Low Pass filter designed earlier in this chapter To do this select Hamming from the pull down menu under Windows The window is immediately applied to the coefficients of the filter and the impulse response plotted If selecting Gain notice that the filter ripple in the pass band has been significantly attenuated To remove the influence of the window select Undo Apply 6 9 Coefficient Quantization When implementing a digital filter an important issue arises regarding the number of binary bits Quantization levels 2 bits required representing the otherwise continuous IEEE double precision 64 bits filter coefficients since filter performance may be critically dependent on coefficient quantization SystemView has the capability to help make this determination In the Linear System design window there is a text box labeled Quantization Bits The default is None In this case all filter design algorithms produce coefficients in full precision To see the effects of quantizing a filter
202. nitial conditions associated with the implicit delay can influence the behavior of the loop Algebraic loops Consider the feedback system with feed forward and feedback paths that contain fixed constants with values 3 and 1 as shown in figure 13 3 The transfer function in this example is a constant value independent of time i e algebraic loops Ys G 3 X S 1 G H 4 Ys G 3 X s 1 G H 4 Note that this linear system has an infinite bandwidth Thus the reciprocal bandwidth is zero which means that any delay will cause instability Now implement this simple loop in SystemView Drive the loop with a constant step function of unit amplitude set the Time control to a 100 Hz sample rate and set the number of samples to 32 and execute the loop Now examine the output of the loop The Laplace transfer function illustrated previously predicts that the output should be a constant value 3 4 But as seen this is not the case and in fact the loop is unstable SystemView User s Guide 235 Operator Gain Gain Units Linear Gain 3 Token 2 F3 Sink 4 Count 31 Time 3 100000e 1 Value 1 389765e 15 gt 1 Real Time Sink 5 EI 500 e 12 Operator Gain D Gain Units Linear 500 12 Gain 1 1 6 15 Token 3 1 15 0 200 e 3 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 13 3 Feedback Feed Forward System The reason is the 0
203. ns Parameters 1 Select output as modulo or unwrapped 2 Output Gain Inputs X t t Outputs y t Description Produces the four quadrant inverse tangent of the two inputs with results in radians y t GTan x t x 0 Block Group Non Linear Parameters 1 Min Input v 2 Max Input v 3 Output Gain G Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Produces output according to y t x t lt x 0 Otherwise Where x levels and Xa are the specified min and max input threshold min SystemView User s Guide 243 Name Coulomb Group Non Linear Parameters 1 Slope 2 Y intercept Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Produces its output according to y t a x t b sign x t Where is the specified slope and b is the y intercept iB Cmltv Avg Group Functions Parameters 1 Gain G Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Produces the cumulative average of the input according to y t 2G SystemView User s Guide 244 ame Crt Plr Group Complex Parameters None Inputs x t x t Outputs r t O t Description Converts Cartesian coordinates to Polar coordinates in radians x rex vex X Name Cx Add Group Complex Parameters None Inputs x t x t t x t Outputs y t y t Description Performs complex addition y y x X
204. nt Name Setup NSRVGX exe or one of the alternative security servers described in this section must be running on the SystemView Network Key Server PC to give network clients access to the SystemView Network Key Elanix recommends that you create a shortcut to NSRVGX exe and place it in your startup folder to ensure that NSRVGX exe is launched any time the system is started To specify a unique Department Name to be broadcast by VSRVGX exe you must add a command at the command line of NSRVGX exe shortcut as described below 1 Shut down NSRVGX exe on your SystemView Network Key Server PC 2 Right mouse click your NSRVGX exe shortcut and select Properties as shown Open Scan for Viruses Add to Zip Add to Nervgx zip Send To Cut Copy Create Shortcut Delete Rename Properties SystemView User s Guide 31 You should now see the following window Nsryvgx exe Properties Apply SystemView User s Guide 32 3 Select the Shortcut tab to see the following window Nsrvgx exe Properties CAANSRYGS EXE Ctrl Alt 4 In the Target field add the following command to the command line DN Dpt Nm Where Dpt Nm is the Department Name you wish to give this server SystemView User s Guide 33 Your screen should now look like this Nsrvgx exe Properties C NSRVGX EXE DN Dpt_ Nm 5 Click OK SystemVi
205. nterface between SystemView simulations and DSP software designs by providing a link to Texas Instrument Code Composer Studio The RDTA option allows for real time signal generation data acquisition analysis and hardware in the loop simulation using TI hardware FPGA Architect Xilinx XC400 Spartan This option enables a flow from SystemView simulations to FPGA implementation by providing a seamless link to Xilinx LogiCORES CoreGEN and the Alliance tool suite from Xilinx This allows the implementation of bit true DSP designs into Xilinx FPGAs SystemView User s Guide 296 14 8 Alphabetical Listing of Tokens Name Library Group a X Function Algebraic Adder Token Reservoir Analysis Sink Analysis ArcTan Function Functions ArcTan 4 Function Functions Average Operator Filters Systems Averaging Sink Analysis Block Function Non Linear Cmltv Avg Function Functions Compare Operator Logic Coulomb Function Non Linear Crt Plr Function Complex Current Value Sink Numeric Custom Function Functions Custom Source Aperiodic Cx Add Function Complex Cx Multiply Function Complex Cx Rotate Function Complex Data List Sink Numeric Switch Operator Logic Dead Band Function Non Linear Decimator Operator Sample Hold Delay Operator Delay Derivative Operator Integral Differential Digital Scalar Operator Gain Scale Divide Function Algebraic Ext Ich Sink Export Ext 2ch Sink Export Ext Ich Source Import Ext 2ch Source Import Extr
206. ocol SAP number Using this protocol each server that runs in a Novell network receives a unique SAP number that is used for all communication with that server Versions before 3 10 of the NLM developed by Rainbow Technology assigned a different SAP number to the server than the one that is now in use If you have other IPX SPX based applications protected with an early release of NetSentinel software please contact Elanix or your SystemView representative 2 7 Windows NT with Novell NetWare Setup 2 7 1 Running the SystemView Server The SystemView driver SENTINEL SYS must be installed on your network server 1 the same computer that will have the hardware license key attached to its printer or USB port Refer to paragraph 2 5 3 Your network server must also have the NT SAP Agent Service installed and started The SAP Agent Service is not required on your Windows NT clients You can install the SAP Agent Service by selecting the Network applet from the Control Panel which allows you to install from the NT installation medium A standard NT 3 5 installation does not appear to install the SAP Agent service and will require the installation of the services SystemView User s Guide 27 2 7 2 Environments Supported SystemView Key Protocol Server Module Server Operating System Windows NT NWLink IPX NSRVGX exe amp Net BIOS 2 7 3 Configuration Issues Client Type s Windows NT WIN32s Windows DOS OS 2
207. oken In the C example the base class Token from which all custom library function classes are derived performs standard processing as indicated by the Token initializer The function CommonExecutor connects the SystemView function call to the constructor run and destructor member functions of the token In CommonExecutor static variables of the Token base class like the pointers to the SVGLOBAL and the SVLOCAL structures are initialized Standard token processing at initialization include e Construct the token instance object and save its address to userMemory e Find the master input if the token is not a source e Calculate token time step e Calculate token time step error tolerance Standard token processing for non sink types at execution include e Pass the master input attributes to outputs e When the master input is decimated outputs are also decimated Standard token processing at finalization include Return token instance object pointed to by userMemory back to free the memory pool SystemView User s Guide 126 5 9 8 Custom Library Topics 5 9 8 1 Common Problems Some common custom library problems include the following The function name is missing from the definition file DEF Information about the new function must be added to the CodelInfo structure the function must be defined in a C or CPP file and the function name placed in the EXPORT section of the def file There is an inconsistent functi
208. omain coefficients accordingly Where f is the sample rate as seen by the bilinear z transformation s 2 f The Laplace System design window shown in Figure 6 23 appears when the Laplace menu is selected Figure 6 24 shows the first of two fourth order sections corresponding to the Laplace system discussed in the following example SystemView Laplace System Design x Laplace Fourth Order Section Section 1 of 2 m Poles amp Zeros for System Poles Section 1 2 e 1 0 0 This Section 1 A Hj AllSections Real Imaginar 2 0000e 01 0 0000e 00 BootLocus Bode Plot ea POCO ID amr EPI Next Section Current Section No Sections Update Print 1 2 Prev Section 0 Go To Stability Delete Section Fs 1 e 2 Figure 6 23 The Laplace System design window SystemView User s Guide 174 For example to implement a linear system having two sections Ht 0 6 1 9 0035 0 7 0 0015 0 0255 0 9 e Clear the system Define the system time with a Sample Rate of 100 and Number of Samples 128 1 the default time values e Launch an Operator token Double click the Operator token and then double click the Linear System token in the library Click the Custom Laplace button to open the Laplace system design window e Enter 2
209. on for use in other applications For example two channel Stereo test data generated by SystemView is saved in such files The SystemView output is sent to the disk file defined by the user The user specifies the file name and format 1 bit 8 or 16 bit integer IEEE single or double precision or ASCII text Output may also be observed in the Analysis window SystemView User s Guide 288 m Final Value Group Numeric Parameters None Description This token will display the final value received at the end of each system loop upon completion This Sink retains only one sample per system loop The output is presented numerically and may be observed in the Analysis window Group Graphic Name Real Time Parameters None Description Displays a plot of the Sink input value in real time as the system executes Output may be observed in the Analysis window or the SystemView probe can be used to view waveform development as the system executes SystemView User s Guide 289 m Statistics Group Numeric Parameters None Description Computes and displays the mean variance standard deviation adjacent sample correlation coefficient maximum and minimum of the input data Press the Ctrl key and drag the mouse to enlarge the list The output may be observed in the Analysis window m Stop Sink Group Analysis Parameters 1 Threshold v Description This token controls the system simulation when the input is
210. on specification between information placed in the CodelInfo structure and the custom library function declaration such as a mismatch in the number of inputs Wrong default alignment for structure members was specified Value should be 8 bytes Incompatible versions of custom library support are found Previous versions of custom library are still supported but only as a custom library without APG compatibility A 16 bit Windows DLL was generated where a 32 bit DLL is required The parameter array which is only valid in the initialization state is used either in the execution or finalization state A custom library DLL sharing violation occurs when an attempt is made to replace a DLL that is currently in use Effects of incorrectly initialized pointers cause SystemView to fail An illegal coprocessor state causes SystemView to halt e g a calculation that produces an infinity value For these errors a message is displayed as shown SystemView User s Guide 127 SystemView e error has occurred during token initialization SystemView Token No 2 has failed Division by zero System execution cannot continue Abnormal behavior caused by a full disk Opening the SystemView simulation file e g my svu before loading the required custom library dll generates the following message No existing library can be on the list of user code libraries with the same name that can acceptably serve as a substitute Visually
211. only one input then the output is zero and a warning message will appear at the beginning of an execution or when Check Connections is clicked The multiplier token may have any number of inputs as is practical up to 20 and the inputs may have any numerical format All tokens providing inputs to the multiplier must output data at the same rate and with the same system time marker Care must be used when multiplying inputs from time active tokens since two inputs having different data rates and time markers will not be multiplied properly 5 6 Adders The Adder token forms the sum of its inputs and supports up to 20 inputs If there is only one input then the output equals the input and a warning message is displayed at the beginning of an execution or when Check Connections is clicked Inputs to the adder may have any numerical format but all tokens providing inputs to the adder must output data that at the same rate and the same system time marker Use care when adding inputs from time active tokens two inputs having different data rates and time markers may not be added properly SystemView User s Guide 90 5 7 MetaSystem I O This library has only two tokens an input to and an output from a MetaSystem The I O tokens usually have only one input but may have multiple outputs A MetaSystem may have several I O tokens See Chapter 7 for MetaSystem details 5 8 Control Logic Scheduler This feature of Syste
212. oolbar Show Token 1 0 Numbers Snap to Grid Show Implicit Delays 2 1 Finer Snap to Grid Enable Customize Coolbars v Enable Drag amp Drop Connect Enable Auto Launch Router DK Cancel Defaults Figure 3 2 Auto Launch The Auto Router features are listed below Drawing a connection in a feedback type configuration results in the placement of a router with the token direction reversed The Preference menu allows the designer to toggle the Auto Launch Router feature A buffer around the connect to token eliminates undesired router placement Selecting the right mouse button over the router allows the user to Snap to Grid eliminating the jagged connections SystemView User s Guide 49 3 3 8 Token Numbers The user has control of what numbers are associated with tokens The initial numbering of tokens is obtained through the order of new token placement in the design space Users can re number tokens using the Edit Assign Token Numbers By Execution Sequence By Connection or Using the Mouse as shown in Figure 3 3 SystemView C Documents and Settings Administrator My Documents v5 0 router svu File Edit Preferences View NotePads Connections Compiler System Tokens Tools Help Undo Redefine MetaSystem 2 demod30e6 mta Ctrl Z Cant Redo Lal ES View Undo List Customize Undo Items E ILLOS PEE RENE s R
213. or signal token 2 is the product of the I and Q signals For random binary PSK this product is statistically independent of the data The graphic shows the I and Q signal as the loop locks First the system skips cycles while the frequency is pulled in and then the phase locks The result 15 a baseband I signal having all of the signal power and a Q signal locked out SECOND ORDER COSTAS LOOP n loop filter 7 ial quadrature data SystemView by ELANIX A 8 1 Costas Loop SystemView User s Guide 350 Byz View by ELA EE Ovenay of Sink 7 Sink 9 Sink 14 D 2 4 600 3 A 4002 3 4 2002 3 i 2200 83 400 3 6008 3 acto Ug Figure A 8 2 Costas Loop tracking in phase and frequency A 9 Microscan Receiver File microscn svu the microscan receiver or wideband spectrum analyzer is well known in signal processing and military electronic systems It is based on the unique properties of a linear FM chirp waveform The key attribute is that a shift in frequency at the input translates to a shift in time in the processed output The basic components are 1 the chirp source and 2 a linear matched filter for the chirp In this example the input signal is a freq
214. orizontal Axis Label Display Horizontal Axis Label r Plot Title Display Plot Title r Zoom Reminder Activate Zoom Reminder Cancel Display Vertical Axis label Default On When selected the vertical axis y axis label will be displayed TIP Double click the axis label to enter a custom label Display Horizontal Axis label Default On When selected the horizontal axis x axis label will be displayed TIP Double click the axis label to enter a custom label Display Plot Title Default Off When selected the plot title will be displayed TIP Double click the title to enter a custom title Activate Zoom Reminder Default On When selected a pop up reminder appears in any scaled plot when a simulation is executed and re plotted SystemView User s Guide 334 Printing SystemView Analysis Window Plot Intensity This option is used to adjust the intensity of the data waveform when printed It does not affect other features of the plot SystemView User s Guide 335 Ext APG SystemView Analysis Window This option allows the user to have full control of how many samples will be opened in the analysis window from an external or an APG generated plot Enabling this option allows the user to minimize the amount of memory needed to view results SystemView User s Guide 336 Chapter 20 Technical Support ELANIX pays
215. oth an oscilloscope and a spectrum analyzer integrated into a single tool that is available whenever the system is running A selection may include internal or external trigger sources tokens free run positive negative or positive and negative trigger slopes and the trigger threshold level Refer to Chapter 8 for a complete description of the use of the Probe Some of its key features include Probe Enable Disable Click drag the Probe button located at the bottom of the screen to any token within the system Trace a signal through the system Move the probe to each token in succession within the system Start Stop Pause End Restart the run Control system execution directly from the probe SystemView User s Guide 62 Chapter 4 System Time System View is a true dynamic system simulator meaning the system under design simulation will act in SystemView just as it would in the real world Filters have transients feedback loops exhibit the proper acquisition characteristics non linear elements produce the proper time and spectral effects and so on Clicking the System Time button on the toolbar controls timing This is how the master clock for a system is defined Figure 4 1 shows the System Time Specification window as it appears initially The resulting System Sample Rate will be the maximum rate allowed in the model If the design is a mixed mode analog and digital or mixed rate system use the Sampler De
216. ou Select All lE Assign Token Numbers by Execution Sequence Sour by Connections Copy SystemVview Sink Use The Mouse Copy System as Bitmap Symbolic Tokens System as Bitmap Line Art Copy System as Bitmap Selected Area Reset To Default Numbering 4 Copy Entire Screen E Paste Special Insert Object 4 Figure 3 3 The option to assign token numbers using the execution sequence will set the token numbers using the compiler method The compiler has a higher priority for source tokens and an end priority on sink tokens The option to assign token numbers by connections follows through token connectivity Therefore a particular flow path will have consecutive token numbers The Mouse option allows the user to graphically select the token numbering sequence The user is first prompted for the starting token number note figure 3 4 below SystemView User s Guide 50 Assign Token Numbers Please enter the starting token number The first token you click will be assigned this number Figure 3 4 The user is not required to go through all tokens in the simulation Once the user has completed setting the token numbers for the tokens of interest the shift keys will finish the token numbering This method will swap duplicate token numbers if duplicate numbering exists 3
217. output time for purposes such as decimation Type Passive tokens pass on the master input data type and its attributes whereas the Type Active tokens force a set of output data types and their attributes to distinguish their outputs from the default IEEE double precision type While most tokens are Type Passive DSP Library tokens are generally Type Active Custom library tokens can be any combination of Time and Type Active or Passive SystemView User s Guide 98 5 9 1 Environments This document and the examples assume the use of Microsoft Visual C Integrated Development Environment version 4 1 or later Microsoft Visual C is currently used in the development of tokens for SystemView Custom tokens can be developed using any language system that produces 32 bit Windows compatible DLLs Appendix data shows how a custom library is developed in the Borland C 5 0 IDE This manual applies to custom library development for SystemView Version 2 0 and later While Version 2 0 of SystemView supports 32 bit custom libraries developed under earlier or previous versions of SystemView those custom library object files cannot be used with the Automatic Program Generation APG option The custom library example that is presented in this manual is APG compatible An additional text file with extension SVA is required by APG to point to object files that created the custom library DLL This file must be located in the same folder as the custom lib
218. ow then the Sink Calculator automatically performs the inverse FFT no normalization FFT 2 This operation produces the magnitude squared FFT of all plots within the selected plot window and displays the results using a linear power scale The forward transform is multiplied by At where At 1 f and f system sample rate If the selected plot window is itself an FFT of another plot window then the Sink Calculator automatically performs the inverse FFT no normalization e FFT This produces the magnitude of the FFT of all plots within the selected plot window The forward transform is multiplied by At where At 1 f and f system sample rate If the selected plot window is an FFT of another plot window then the Sink Calculator automatically performs the inverse FFT no normalization e Phase This operation produces the phase in degrees of the spectrum of all plots within the selected plot window The resulting values are modulo 180 degrees e Group Delay This operation will calculate the overall group delay of cascaded filters Impulse the chain of cascaded filters Then select the impulse response plot and choose Group Delay e Phase Unwrapped This operation produces the unwrapped phase in degrees removes the 180 degree ambiguity of the spectrum of all plots within the selected plot window e Phase Deviation From MSE Linear Fit This operation produces the unwrapped phase deviation from
219. pace Phase value N Note phase value is optional Once the gain and phase values are input to the Custom FIR Filter Design window the graphic display represents the gain and phase response of the FIR filter The user may modify the samples within the display area to design a filter Just drag either a gain or phase sample point and move it to the desired location It may be zoomed in on for any region to perform a more detailed design Use the rescale button to display the full dynamic range The user may add as many samples to graphically generate the filter The number of samples is not associated with the number of FIR taps Therefore the number of graphical samples may exceed the number of FIR Filter Taps The Custom Filter Design as shown in Figure 6 17 allows user flexibility of modeling filters within defined tolerances The user has control over the maximum number of FIR taps the maximum acceptable gain error within the red bands and the maximum acceptable phase error within the red bands These error values can be either average or maximum levels SystemView User s Guide 167 Red bars within the graphic display isolate the optimize region Acceptable values of gain and phase error are set by the user These values may be entered as either absolute error or average error Select the check box to accept the tolerance values as average error within the error computation region Note the gain error is set to 1dB and phase error of 10 degr
220. pears in the System window SystemView User s Guide 196 System Probe Token 9 vs 10 x sa xy x Helge 42 4095 Int t9 0 00e 0 LE AA uU won uw mw yy 15 time sl mum Figure 8 2 System Probe in the overlay of A and SystemView User s Guide 197 8 1 Summon Functions Probe Enable Click and drag the Probe button A to any token within the system By default this is the A channel input Click and drag the channel B probe to set the channel B input To view both channels click the AB button Each time the AB button is clicked a different display mode is selected A vs B points only A vs B connected points A and B as separate plots and an overlay of A and B Tracing a signal through the system While the system is running use the mouse to move the Probe channel A or B to each token in succession Time Frequency display Click the Probe Time Frequency button This button toggles between a Time domain and frequency domain presentation Dynamic token parameter modification During system execution click the Probe Pause button indicated by the symbol then click any token with the right mouse button and select Edit Parameters Start Stop Pause End Restart the run Click the appropriate buttons on the probe While the run is paused the current Sink data in the Analysis window may be observed and processed Trigger threshold
221. ples N time window dT SystemView User s Guide 212 Overlay Stats This operation computes and overlays the specified statistics on the selected plot window When Show Stats Only is selected only the selected statistics are plotted If Detrend Only is selected then the minimum mean square linear trend is subtracted from the selected plot window Apply Window This operation applies the specified window to the selected plot window It is used as a pre processing step prior to spectral analysis circular convolution or circular correlation Apply Normalized This operation applies a normalized version of the specified window to the selected plot window Normalization is defined as the integral of the window function being unity Scale Set Min Max This operation allows the manual setting of the max and min values for both axes in the selected plot window Only data within the specified values will be plotted Tip Use the zoom feature with the mouse to interactively set these values Scale Axis Algebraically scales the selected axis as if the plots were functions Specifying a as the Multiply By value and b as the Add value for the x axis and specifying c as the Multiply By value and d as the Add value for the y axis the Sink Calculator forms C c w at Where t is the variable of the x axis Spectrum e Power Spectrum dBm in 50 ohms This operation produces the power spectrum for all plo
222. ply User Sequence Cancel Figure 16 3 The SystemView Execution Sequence Editor After an execution sequence has been created select the Apply User Sequence option located under the user sequence list and then click OK to return to the system Verification of the new sequence may be done visually by selecting the Animate Exe Sequence located in the Compiler menu The default sequence can be selected or the custom sequence by selecting either Use Default Exe Sequence or Use Custom Exe Sequence located in the Compiler menu SystemView User s Guide 312 Chapter 17 Global Parameter Links 17 1 Introduction The Global Parameter Links tool is designed to simplify the task of creating and modifying related parameters within a system model This tool provides the ability to algebraically link token parameters to selected system level parameters e g the system sample rate and or global constants that are defined Global links are applied only at the beginning of each system loop as they are defined in the System Time window A feature of SystemView allows the designer to determine the parameter for a given token in terms on a runtime value Users are able to define token parameters in terms of system variables through the Global Parameter Links window Users can define token parameters such as Amplitude Frequency and Phase in terms of such system variables including system time step dt system sample rate sr samples in
223. quency Hz In Band Ripple dB s Max Iterations 5 Figure 6 8 The High Pass filter design window Diff iator FIR Filter s are a fraction of the filter input Fixed No Taps r Enabled Gain dB In Band Ripple dB Initial No Taps Elanix Auto Optimizer Fixed No Taps ESTER Not Updated Enabled a Update Est_ ell Figure 6 9 The Differentiator design window SystemView User s Guide 158 SystemView Hilbert DSP Filter Design rt FIR Filter on of the filter input s Gain dB In Band Ripple dB Fixed No Taps VETERE Enabled 5 Figure 6 10 The Hilbert 90 degrees filter design window SystemView BandReject DSP Filter Design Eg BandReject FIR Filter are a fraction of the filter input sample rate Rel Freq Rel Freq Rel Freq Rel Freq Gain dB 01 Max Iterations 5 6 11 The Band Reject filter design window SystemView User s Guide 159 6 2 2 Group 2 Windows The second group of FIR filters are all Low Pass designs based on standard impulse responses associated with common window functions The following types of Window FIR filters are generated in the Linear System design window Bartlett Blackman Hanning Hamming Ready FIR Filter Library x Lowpass Bartlett LPF Halfband Lowpass Blackman LPF Bandpass Hamming LPF Highpass Hanning LPF Di
224. quency Hz 3 Offset v and 4 Phase deg Description This token generates a periodic sawtooth waveform Name Sinusoid Group Periodic Parameters 1 Amplitude v 2 Frequency Hz 3 Phase deg Description This token generates two quadrature sinusoid outputs x t A sin 1 8 y t A cos 27f t 0 SystemView User s Guide 282 mi Step Function Group Aperiodic Parameters 1 Amplitude v 2 Start time s 3 Offset v Description Generates a step function Note that setting the bias equal to the negative of the amplitude may create a single pulse or an impulse Name Time Group Aperiodic Parameters 1 Gain v 2 Offset v Description Generates a scaled replica of the system time y t G t Offset Where t is the defined system time SystemView User s Guide 283 mmi Thermal Noise Group Noise PN Parameters 1 Resistance ohms 2 Temperature K Description Generates noise whose distribution is related to NAKTR K Boltzman s Constant R Resistance and T Temperature Name Uniform Noise Group Noise PN Parameters 1 Minimum value 2 Maximum value Description Generates noise with amplitude values that are uniformly distributed between the specified maximum and minimum SystemView User s Guide 284 Name WAV Ich Group Import Parameters File Name Description Generates a monaural 1 channel audio signal from a special Window
225. r s Guide 29 2 9 Department Name for the Network Key Server 2 9 1 Description By default the SystemView network key is available to all clients on your LAN or WAN If more than one key is installed on the network Elanix highly recommends that you use the Department Name option to specify a unique name for each key You can then set up each SystemView client to access only the key it is authorized to use If you do not specify a Department Name SystemView clients will check out a license from the first available key on the network Because each key may be programmed with a different license configuration confusion may arise Server and Client setup instructions are provided below 2 9 2 Server Setup Step 1 Verify that the SystemView Network Key is attached to the parallel or USB port of your SystemView Key Server PC Step 2 Determine the Rainbow server software installed on your SystemView Key Server PC the PC that your SystemView Network Key is attached e Ifthis PC is running Windows95 Windows98 or Windows ME your key server software is NSRVGX exe Skip to Step 3 e Windows 2000 or Windows NT your key server software may be NSRVGX exe or it may be NSSRVICE as selected in paragraph 2 5 2 If you are running NSRVGX skip to Step 3 If you are running NSSRVICE exe skip to Step 4 e Novell the key server software is NSRVNI NLM Skip to Step 5 SystemView User s Guide 30 Step 3 NSRVGX exe Departme
226. r Gaussian 154 Filters 142 Comm 154 Cosine 154 Custom design 158 Gaussian 154 Sinc 154 Standard FIR templates 145 Window designs 152 Finalization 90 FIR filter design 145 free resources Analysis window 195 Frequency hopped signal 343 Frequency resolution 61 SystemView User s Guide 363 Frequency FIR specification 146 Function token 49 Functions 80 Gaussian filter 144 154 Global Parameter Links 305 Grid hiding showing 318 Halfband Low pass filter FIR 145 Hamming filter 152 Hamming window 174 Hanning filter 152 Hanning window 174 Harmonic oscillator 330 Header coefficient files 172 High pass filter 145 Hilbert transform FIR 145 Histogram using Sink Calculator 207 ico 101 IIR 171 Implicit delay 227 Implicit delays hiding showing 318 Implicit Delays Moving 301 Importing Coefficients 172 inlabel 111 Inserting data using Sink Calculator 209 IO tokens definitions 268 Kaiser window 174 Laplace button 164 Laplace system design window 167 Laplace systems 166 Libraries optional 65 287 Libraries standard 65 Libraries Token definitions 233 Library 48 Sinks 278 Sources 269 Linear system design window 143 Linear system token 142 Linear system Laplace 166 LMS algorithm 335 339 Low pass filter FIR 145 Low pass filter design window 147 Low pass filters analog 162 164 Manual entry of coefficients 170 Matched filter 343
227. r a pole X or zero O When the mouse pointer changes to a multi pointed arrow click and drag it to the desired location in the s or z domain Figure 15 4 SystemView will automatically update H s or H z to reflect the change Note that a strictly real pole or zero can be moved off the real axis SystemView will automatically create a complex conjugate pair SystemView Continuous Root Locus File Edit Preferences Gain 8 17620 3 592 0 Im 4 662e0 5 885e0 Ang 2 22720 0 0 10e0 0 0 10e0 Gain Parameters Update Linear Min Gain Max Gain No Samples E E Cancel bog Zoom Out Print Figure 15 4 Using the mouse to move the Pole at 1 j0 in Figure 15 3 to 2 332 SystemView User s Guide 305 Manual Edit In the Laplace window select the option titled This Section located above the Root Locus button For editing filters from the Analog Filter design window click Convert to Laplace to enter the Laplace window Next move to the Laplace fourth order section to be edited Use the Next Section button to move between sections Now use the mouse to select the pole or zero in the list to be changed Edit the pole or zero by typing the new value for the real and imaginary parts and clicking the Update button Figure 15 5 SystemView will automatically update H s or H z to reflect the change Note that a strictly real pole or zero can be moved off
228. r s Guide 361 C file 99 CPP file 100 104 117 CPP file 110 DEF 117 DEF file 99 100 HPP file 100 wmf 101 abbreviation 111 Adder token 49 Adders 86 Alert when simulation complete 320 Algebraic loops 227 Analog filter design 162 164 Analog filter design window 164 accessing 194 Animation 197 Cut and paste 197 free resources 195 Managing resources 194 Sink Calculator 198 zoom and scale 196 Animation plot 197 Appending data using Sink Calculator 209 Arranging plot windows 325 assignedinputs 111 Averaging sink 62 Band pass filter 145 Band reject filter 145 Bartlett filter 152 Bartlett window 174 Bilinear transformation 166 Biquad section 166 Blackman filter 152 Blackman window 174 Block processing 198 bmp 101 Bode plots 173 299 Borland C for Windows 93 Break point 116 Calculator Sink 198 Calculator Windows 52 Cancel button 57 Carry CF 125 Chip rate detector 332 SystemView User s Guide 362 Chirp waveform 343 CodelInfo 110 Coefficient quantization 174 Coefficients 143 Coefficients importing 172 Coefficients manual entry 170 Coefficients maximum number 170 Colors customizing 316 comment 111 CommonExecutor 116 Communications filters 144 Compiler Wizard 302 Complex FFT using Sink Calculator 208 Connect button 57 Connections checking 320 Consulting services 329 Continuous linear system Laplace 166 Contour plot
229. rameters 1 Delay Type Non interpolating or Interpolating 2 Min Delay s Tmin 3 Max Delay 5 Tmax 4 Min Control Cmin 5 Max Control v Cmax Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Delays input according to y X t T t Tain C inin T ni C max Cin T T 2 Cas C in max T T min Where fmin and tna are the specified delays chosen by providing the appropriate value to the token control input and C is the input control voltage The token will interpolate to create the delayed output if this option is selected SystemView User s Guide 275 14 3 SystemView MetaSystem I O Library ol symbol represents a generic undefined MetaSystem I O Each MetaSystem requires these tokens as input and output connections to the next higher level connection in a simulation Refer to chapter 7 for details Name Input Group Meta System I O Description Provides an input port to a MetaSystem Name Output Group Meta System I O Description Provides an output port to a MetaSystem SystemView User s Guide 276 14 4 SystemView Source Library This symbol represents a generic undefined Source token Source tokens generate the waveforms or input data needed to drive a SystemView simulation Source tokens have no input connections Several source tokens however have multiple outputs For example
230. rary DLL The SVA file in the Examples Custom folder assumes that SystemView was installed in the folder Program Files SystemView on the C drive 5 9 2 Features Custom library functions that have parameters are capable of being edited while executing a simulation but dynamic parameter editing is allowed for only one token at a time Attention should be paid to allocating token instance memory at initialization and clearing the token instance memory pointer at finalization Editing does not call for finalization before the next initialization call which can lead to memory leakage during a simulation Dynamic parameter editing provides only for the initialization of the token that is being dynamically edited and not for other tokens Custom library development is oriented toward third party software developers Features have custom library access restriction in conjunction with SystemView through a password scheme with password management left to the custom library Ifa PASSWORD function is not wanted eliminate the PASSWORD entry in the EXPORT section of svucode def SystemView permits the use of custom parameter dialogs in place of standard user code dialog The custom library example EQUALIZER demonstrates the use of slider controls SystemView User s Guide 99 5 9 3 SystemView Operation Parameters 1 1 Inputs 0 MIXER o Outputs Return Code A SystemView simulation consists of a system clock and an intercon
231. rary is not already on the list of available custom libraries the custom library is added An update request to the PASSWORD function can be initiated by the user to modify the authorization for a custom library that is already on the SystemView list of available libraries Pressing the Update License button in the Custom Library Editor will activate an update request The protected custom library can either 1 handle the request with its dialog within that one call or 2 it can destroy any authorization record and repeat the previous steps An authorization record is any proprietary mechanism the custom library uses to remember the original authorization The following example written in the C language illustrates the basic functionality of the PASSWORD function include lt windows h gt include lt stdio h gt Placeholders for proprietary functions for managing the authorization record To be developed by the custom library programmer Their return value of TRUE indicates success and FALSE indicates failure extern BOOL DoesPasswordMatchPrompt char char extern BOOL CreateAuthorizationRecord extern BOOL DeleteAuthorizationRecord extern BOOL IsAuthorizationRecordPresent Possible SystemView requests define REQUEST CHECK AUTHORIZATION 1 define REQUEST MODIFY AUTHORIZATION 1 define REQUEST CHECK PASSWORD 0 Possible PASSWORD function return values define PASSWORD UN
232. rates only at one rate for the duration of a simulation Caution Any attempt to change the sample rate in any part of a simulation containing a Sample Delay token in the Active mode will lead to incorrect results SystemView User s Guide 238 4 Sample Delay Operator Token 0 x m Initial Condition r Delay samples Fill Last Register Fill All Registers 4 Token Attribute E r Initial Condition v Passive 0 Active 4 Apply to tokens OK Cancel Ez Choosing the active mode gives the user another means of controlling the placement of implicit delays in feedback loops The difference in active and passive modes is shown in figure 13 3 Active Mode t3 0 100 ezD0 e 3 active MODE 8 21 MODE 0 100 e2D0 e 3 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 13 6 Active Passive mode comparison SystemView User s Guide 239 In the active mode the upper channel delay token is clearly marked 0 marks the delay output connection from the delay token to the adder In the lower channel the delay token is in the passive mode Note an implicit delay is placed in the feedback path and that the delay dt output port is used to compensate for the implicit delay Indicated by a 1 on the feedback connection The overall results are the same If the active delay token is used in an IIR design the delay output port would be used
233. rator library Select Linear Sys amp Filter and click the Parameters button or double click the Linear Sys token for the window in figure 6 1 System iew Linear System Custom FIR E xj File Edit Preferences DSP Mode Filters Laplace System Window No v Show Grid Quantization Design 216 Show Points None pits Standard Filters ENS FIR Always Compute Plot Standard DSP Mode nm Signedint Auto Scale Comm Undo Specify m Custom Decimating FIR Filter Decimation Factor 1 H Define Phase Deviation from Linear in deg vs Freq Hz dF 48 8e 3 Click amp drag mouse to zoom Time Phase 1 mem Dynamics Bain Group Delay ron ros Oniy Bode Piot RootLocus Transient C Non Transient xMin 0 Hz Initial Cond xMax 50 Hz 3763 deg 2 3734 deg F aal 2 FFT 2048 pts OK Remove Spectral Zeros 744734 Show Locus in System Root Plots Figure 6 1 The Linear System Design window The Linear System Window contains a number of tools including e A menu bar at the top of the window that allows access to files editing functions preferences DSP arithmetic mode selection for the optional DSP Library filters FIR analog and custom Laplace system design Root Locus or Bode plots all under the System menu and windowing applications for enhanced filter designs e Atex
234. right mouse button select Edit Parameters to dynamically change the token parameters e Editing plot data In the Sink Calculator select the Data tab You can pad zeros extract append insert and delete plot data e Undo Last Operation In the System Design Window this feature allows you to undo any previous edit to your system e Undo Last Undo Allows an undo to the previous undo to the system e Expanded screen In the Analysis window enlarge a plot window by dragging its border Move the expanded window partially off screen Use the Analysis scroll bars to view the expanded virtual screen e Exporting Plot Graphics to a File In the Analysis window select Export as Metafile under the File menu This command allows you to export the active plot window as a fully scaleable Windows metafile wmf Exporting Plot Graphics In the Analysis window select Copy as Metafile under the Edit menu This allows you to copy the active plot window to the clipboard as a fully scaleable Windows metafile In the target application select Paste under the Edit menu e Fast disconnect For a token with several input output connections click the Disconnect button Now click the mouse button and draw an outline around the token I O for that token will be disconnected SystemView User s Guide 358 Fast token parameters Click any defined token with the right mouse button and then select Edit Parameters This
235. right mouse button on either Segment Marker to access the following menu SystemView User s Guide 218 Statistics for Segment Spectral Power in Segment Delete Segment Extract Segment Time Slice Zoom to Segment E Transparent Display SystemView will compute or apply the menu selection to the x axis range specified by the current Segment Marker positions 9 9 2 MicroView Toolbar Button The MicroView tool shows a magnified view of the plot data as the mouse is moved is ee ee AL a mr cene p PES ucc erm Figure 9 7 Using the MicroView tool to examine plot details To resize the MicroView window select the Freeze View entry and click the MicroView window to expose the size blocks Click and drag any of the size blocks to resize the window Click on Freeze View again to return to normal MicroView operation The text color of the displayed information turns RED when both the mouse and the marker are exactly positioned on a plot sample SystemView User s Guide 219 9 9 3 Differential XY Dy Toolbar Button This tool shows the distance between the marker and the current mouse position As the mouse is moved the following information is displayed Ate se M 4909570912500 28425898 0 s 198 trum of Quadrature dBm 50 ohms 12
236. rough changes to the time freq span For finer changes if the Slider has the focus use the Page Up Page Down and Arrow keys e System Probe While the system is running press and hold the Ctrl key Then click drag the mouse to zoom the Probe time display e System Probe You can pre set the probe to any token before the system is run Click and drag the Probe button at the bottom of the screen and drop the probe on the desired token Now run the system e System Probe You can size the probe by moving the mouse to the probe border When the mouse arrow pointer appears click and drag to the desired size The probe plot will rescale only while the system is running SystemView User s Guide 360 e System Probe You can view the output of tokens located in MetaSystem with the System Probe Click the desired MetaSystem and then click any token within that MetaSystem e Viewing System Time Place the mouse on the Define System Time icon or press the left mouse button anywhere in the system design area System time is displayed in the information panel at the upper right hand corner of the screen e Viewing token inputs and outputs Place mouse pointer on any token The input and output token numbers for that token will be displayed in the information panel at the lower left corner of the screen e Viewing token parameters Place mouse pointer over a system token to display a pop up parameter window SystemView Use
237. rts both one and two channel monaural and stereo and 8 bits or 16 bits per sample For Sources the external file must be a WAV file The Audio Sinks output their data in the standard WAV format After running this example you can listen to the input and output audio signals using the pop up audio players or by clicking the right mouse button and selecting Play Audio SystemView Audio Processing Echo Output 7 After running the system listen to the outputs of audio Source token 0 and audio Sink tokens 1 and 5 You can use the pop up audio player or click the right mouse button on each Source and or Sink and select Play Audio High amp Low frequency emphasis Also be sure to examine the spectra and other waveforms inthe Analysis window SystemView by ELANIX SystemView User s Guide 355 A 12 Audio FM System File AudioFM svu this example system shows the special audio Sources and Sinks used in a FM transmit and receive system The FM demodulation is performed using a delay line discriminator SystemView supports both one and two channel monaural and stereo and 8 bits or 16 bits per sample For Sources the external file must be a WAV file The Audio Sinks output their data in the standard WAV format After running this example you can listen to the input and output audio signals using the pop up audio players or by clicking the right mouse button and selecting Play Audio Sy
238. run on a machine where other software such as PowerLAN has zeroed out the BIOS table located in memory from 40 8 to 40 D P lt port gt Overrides the server s use of BIOS parallel port table addresses and uses the hexadecimal address lt port gt Up to three addresses may be specified This option is needed when the server is run on a machine where other software such as PowerLAN has zeroed out the BIOS table located in memory from 40 8 to 40 D and when a security key is located on a parallel port configured for an I O location other than 0x278 0x378 or Ox3BC For example p 278 p 378 identifies parallel ports at I O addresses 0x278 and 0x378 Suppresses sign on messages S lt nnn gt Sets the maximum number of sessions that can actively communicate with the server at one time to lt nnn gt Half of the sessions are used to turn away clients The default is 4 two clients at a time SL lt nnn gt Sets the maximum number of sub licenses expected to be open at any one time to nnn The default is 256 ST Enables strict license time out enforcement If this option is set active licenses are immediately revoked and made available for reuse if no query is performed within the key s configured time out interval Subsequent use of the handle yields an error By default a timed out license is revoked only if a handle is requested and no other license is available W lt password gt Sets a password of up to 12
239. ry Parameters API call to access servers with department names other than NETINEL Sets the timing delay in milliseconds between establishing SPX connection and sending the handshake message The default is 0 DT 50 is recommended if talking to DOS or Windows 3 x clients running under Windows 95 This option applies to the DPS and NLM IPX SPX server only NSRVDI EXE and NSRVNI NLM Sets the maximum number of licenses that can be in use at any one time on this server to lt nnn gt The default is 150 Your effective license limit is the smaller of 1 the number you set here and 2 the sum of the limits of the keys connected to this server Specifying a limit higher than what the attached keys support has no effect Specifying a limit lower than what the attached keys support effectively disables some licenses Sets the maximum number of servers running in this server s department and using this server s protocol to nnn nnn isa value from 1 to 10 and is used to determine server names A value of 10 for example causes servers to be named NETINELO through 9 Sets the name displayed the monitor program for this server to lt name gt The default is your computer s Ethernet address NetBIOS or IPX node number NetWare SystemView User s Guide 25 P Overrides the server s use of BIOS parallel port table addresses and uses the standard values 0x278 0x378 and Ox3BC This option is needed when the server is
240. s Outputs y t Description One of the inputs n 0 lt n lt N 1 is selected at time depending on the control signal c t y t X selected y N c t Cus ere Where N N lt 20 is the number of inputs excluding control The switch can be used as a commutator If the control voltage has a saw tooth waveform with appropriate threshold settings then the switch consecutively selects each of the n inputs After completing selection through Nth switch the cycle repeats Thus the inputs on each of the N data inputs are sampled and multiplexed AND SystemView User s Guide 271 selected Group Logic Parameters 1 Threshold v 2 TRUE output 3 FALSE output Inputs Up to 20 Outputs y t Description Performs the logical AND operation on the inputs y t x t Thr alli F Otherwise Fw OR Group Logic Parameters 1 Threshold v 2 TRUE output 3 FALSE output Inputs Up to 20 Outputs y t Description Performs the logical OR operation on the inputs y t T x t Thr anyi F Otherwise SystemView User s Guide 272 em XOR Group Logic Parameters 1 Threshold 2 TRUE output 3 FALSE output Inputs Up to 20 Outputs y t Description Performs the logical XOR Exclusive Or operation on inputs y t T x t gt Thr N odd y t F x t gt Thr N even Where N 15 the number of inputs exceeding threshold Thr i NAND Group Lo
241. s BCH RS Golay Viterbi Gray channel models Jakes Rayleigh Rician Rummler Multipath modulators demodulators bit to symbol symbol to bit BER counters frequency dividers Phase Lock and Costas loops DSP Library This library includes C4x standard and extended math conventional or IEEE standard and extended math mixed radix FFTs Cosine Sine and Hadamard transforms mean and trend removal NxN multiply accumulate FIR and IIR filter design fixed bit adders and multipliers variable rate data buffers and more Logic Library This library includes Analog to Digital Converters ADCs Digital to Analog Converters DACs flip flops D JK counters dividers encoders and decoders and more RF Analog Library This library has variable log gain control and RF amplifiers op amp circuits passive and active mixers power splitters and combiners diodes including Zener resistor capacitor inductor circuits filters and more Control Logic Scheduler This software allows the designer to control when different portions of the system process data as a function of an algebraic logical expression A single scheduler may control any number of tokens including MetaSystems Each scheduler token has an algebraic logical expression that is evaluated at each system sample If the expression is true 71 then all tokens and MetaSystems under control will be called If the expression is false 0 then they are not called SystemVie
242. s for the SystemView variables FALSE replaces VBFALSE TRUE replaces VBTRUE svl gt parameters_ replaces parameter svg gt errorMessage_ replaces errorMessage svl gt input_ 0 gt value_ replaces svu gt input_ 0 svl gt output_ 0 value replaces svu gt output_ 0 SystemView User s Guide 142 5 11 Examples 5 11 1 Gaussian distribution To illustrate the use of a Function token the Gaussian function has been generated using 2 the system shown below y t e gspesg 4 expl t 4 2 SystemView by ELANIX In the Time Window set the Start Time to 0 Stop Time to 10 seconds and Sample Rate to 100 Hz Launch a Source token Define as a Time token with the gain parameter 1 This token is in the Aperiodic Sources Launch a Function token Define it as a Polynomial under the Algebraic functions Set the linear coefficient x to 1 and the constant coefficient x to 4 Connect the Source token to this polynomial function Launch a Function token Define it to be under the Algebraic functions token group Enter two as the exponent parameter Connect the output of the Polynomial token to the token for an output of t 47 SystemView User s Guide 143 Launch an Operator Negate token defined as 1 sign inversion under Gain Scale Connect the output of the X a token to the 1 Negate token for the output t 4 a Launch a Function token using
243. s x t Outputs y t Description Down samples the input signal by the specified factor y 7x nmod N 0 Where N is the decimation factor El Delay Group Delays Parameters 1 Time delay sec 2 Select delay type Non Interpolating or Interpolating Linear Inputs x t Outputs y t Description The input is delayed according to Xt x t Where t is the specified delay Will linear interpolate to create delayed output if this option is selected This time active token has two outputs the first is the delay specified by the input parameter The second labeled dT in the connection dialog is delayed by one System Time interval less than the specified delay This second output compensates for the inherent one system tick delay in a feedback loop when adjusting the feedback delay for a precise value SystemView User s Guide 261 el Derivative Group Integral Differential Parameters 1 Gain G Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Forms the derivative of the input d y t 6 2 x t t gt Ct start Where t start simulation start time Batt Digital Scale Group Gain Scale Parameters 1 Input word size bits 2 Retained significant bits Inputs x t Outputs y t Description Extracts the specified number of significant bits from the input word sample The input must be integer valued For example with integer 13 1101 b input and 2 as the specified retained b
244. s WAV formatted disk file You specify the file name and SystemView automatically displays the format 8 or 16 bit and the data rate in Hz Click the right mouse button on the Source and select Play Audio D Name WAV 2ch Group Import Parameters File Name Description Generates a stereo 2 channel audio signal from a special Windows WAV formatted disk file You specify the file name and SystemView automatically displays the format 8 or 16 bit and the data rate in Hz Click the right mouse button on the Source and select Play Audio SystemView User s Guide 285 14 5 SystemView Sink Library This symbol represents a generic undefined Sink token m Analysis Group Analysis Parameters None Description The basic SystemView sink No signals are displayed on the System screen Zo view and analyze the sink data click the Analysis button located at the top of the System screen The Analysis window opens for detailed signal analysis See chapter 9 for a detailed discussion of this window and how sink data is displayed Irene Name Averaging Group Analysis Parameters None Description This sink averages the input waveform When used with the System Loop time parameter the Averaging sink computes the cumulative average waveform over all system loops The output may be observed in the Analysis window SystemView User s Guide 286 m Current Value Group Numeric Parameters No
245. sconnected Connect This button connects two tokens Click the Connect button and then click the originating token and then the destination token Duplicate Tokens This button is used to duplicate one or a group of tokens To duplicate a token click the Duplicate button and then the token to be duplicated To duplicate a group of tokens click the Duplicate button and drag the mouse pointer to outline the group of tokens to be duplicated Note that all paths in the duplicated group are preserved Cancel This button cancels a current pending action The Esc button may also be used Run System This button executes the system simulation SystemView User s Guide 61 3 7 Speed Optimization The Speed Optimization button located at the bottom of the System Window controls the interface between SystemView and Windows It allows SystemView to retain a greater share of resources during a simulation run When used the sampling rate for user interaction mouse and keyboard is reduced thus increasing effective allocation of the processing resources to the simulation The user interface sampling rate becomes a function of the complexity of the model under simulation For a small model little delay will be noticeable however for a very large model the delay for user interaction may take seconds This feature can be enabled or disabled from the Preferences Menu 3 8 The Dynamic System Probe E The Dynamic System Probe is b
246. select Open Coefficient File from the menu A window appears allowing selection of the desired file SystemView User s Guide 180 6 7 Root Locus and Bode Plots in the Linear System Design Window SystemView will compute interactive Root Locus and Bode plots for a linear system when the Root Locus or Bode Plot button is activated The Root Locus is the locus of the poles as a function of the loop gain k of the closed loop feedback system whose open loop transfer function H s is the linear system specified in the Linear System design window Thus it is a plot of the poles of H s kH s Or equivalently the roots of D s kN s 0 Where the formula for the linear system that has been defined is N s D s H s If the system is defined in the z domain then the above definitions are in terms of H z The Bode plot is a plot with the magnitude and phase of H s as a function of frequency f in Hz with s j2z f While in either the Root Locus or Bode Plot window zoom the display by pressing the Ctrl key and click drag the mouse to outline the area to be zoomed The number of samples the gain or frequency range and linear or log gain or frequency spacing may be specified See chapter 15 for additional information on Root Locus and Bode Plots SystemView User s Guide 181 6 8 Windowing In some designs it is desirable to window existing filter coefficients Several window types are available Hamming Hanni
247. skips the Library window and goes directly to the Parameter window e Fast zoom in the Analysis window Click and draw a window around area to be zoomed e FIR filter gain While in the Linear System window the Custom FIR window selecting Force Gain allows you to force a FIR filter to have a specific gain at a specific frequency e Group delete Click the delete button and draw a window around tokens to be deleted e Linear System Window Click the right mouse button within the plot to customize the background and foreground colors copy or print the current plot Click the left mouse button and drag to zoom e Moving all tokens Click and drag the token e Moving token groups Click the mouse button and draw a window around any group of tokens Then move the window accordingly Multiple plot zoom In the Analysis window click the left mouse button and drag to zoom open plot windows to the same scale e Note Pads Click right mouse button twice to change Note Pad fonts font color and background color The options are also available under the NotePads pull down menu e Optional Libraries The optional library tokens simplify system development and allow SystemView to run faster than designs using equivalent MetaSystems e Plot scrolling After zooming a plot in the Analysis window click the left mouse button and drag within a plot to expose different views of your data e Professiona
248. special attention to knowing the SystemView product and its features and takes pride in the quality of our SystemView technical support All of the support engineers are experienced in the application areas for which SystemView is used DSP signal processing controls communication systems and applied mathematics Several of the SystemView application support engineers have advanced degrees in their area of expertise The support needed is often more than a requirement to know where to find a token or how to access a particular feature ELANIX engineers can often help to diagnose a design problem or even contribute to the design itself 20 1 Accessing Technical Support Phone 818 597 1414 8 30am to 5 30pm Pacific Standard Time Fax 818 597 1427 e mail support elanix com FTP ftp elanix com Web http www elanix com 20 2 Consulting Services ELANIX offers professional consulting services in DSP signal processing and communication systems on a time and materials basis We also perform SystemView instructional seminars at sites that wish to conduct short courses in the use techniques and applications of SystemView Contact ELANIX for information about these cost effective services 5655 Lindero Canyon Road Suite 721 L A Westlake Village 91362 INCORPORATED 818 597 1414 Fax 818 597 1427 A SystemView User s Guide 337 Appendix A Selected SystemView Examples A 1 Hermite Po
249. sscessesssesesseseeees 13 2 1 SYSTEMVIEW INSTALLATION a 13 2 2 THE SYSTEMVIEW HARDWARE KEY inen 13 2 3 QUICK INSTAEEATION GIUIDE a creas es oh MGS ee RE 15 2 3 1 Standard Windows Installation sese eene 15 2 3 2 Novell Server Installation esses eee eene enne entente nnne 15 2 4 NON NETWORK PARALLEL PORT KEY 16 2 4 1 Non Network USB Key Setup sss ener eene 17 2 5 NETWORK KEY SETUP SERVER net ere er YD EOTH EER 20 2 5 1 Windows 2000 NT 98 95 Setup cessere nennen nnns 20 2 29 2 NetSentine NT Services a eere e epe ted etie abe eee oed eiae 21 2 5 3 NT Command Line Options eee ee deeper tede eredi eo eene a E ik 22 2 5 4 Starting the NetSentinel NT Service essent eene 23 2 5 5 Uninstalling the NetSentinel NT Service 24 2 6 NOVELL NETWARE FILE SERVER 24 2 6 1 Running the NEM Server eui ente i TR erac a oun cia eR erreur hae vt 24 2 6 2 Loading the NLM Server from the System Console sss 24 2 6 3 Running the NLM Automatically when the Server is booted sss 25 2 6 4 Novell Command Line Options sees eene eene ener nennen 25 2 6 5 Stopping and Restarting the NLM sese 26 2 6 6 Stopping and Restarting the Server Program sse 27 2 6 7 Servi
250. stem from the token Reservoir can create a MetaSystem Double click on the new token and the file dialog box will appear A system file svu or MetaSystem file mta may be selected Duplicating To duplicate a MetaSystem token click the duplicate button then the token to be duplicated To duplicate a group of MetaSystem tokens click the duplicate button and drag the mouse pointer to outline the group to be duplicated Note that for group duplications all connecting paths within the group are preserved SystemView User s Guide 184 7 2 Viewing a MetaSystem MetaSystems are viewed in the MetaSystem Window shown in Figure 7 1 The MetaSystem Window can be entered using any of the following Click the View MetaSystem button Right Mouse button click on the MetaSystem and select view MetaSystem then click the token to be viewed Use the View Menu with the MetaSystem option 19 Place the dynamic system probe on the MetaSystem sd Place the mouse arrow over the MetaSystem and double click MetaSystems files can also be viewed and edited as stand alone system view files SystemView C Program Files SystemView 4 5 Examples Lms svu BEES File Edit Preferences View NotePads Connections Compiler System Tokens Tools Help Aes POL 4 m LMS m15 Level 1 c systemvutexamples ms mta 2 El Speed Optimized Fourier System 00 John Fourier 4 Vi
251. stemView Audio Processing After running the system listen to the outputs of Sink tokens 3 and 4 You can use the pop up audio player or click the right mouse button on each Source and or Sink and select Play Audio Also be sure to examine the spectra and other waveforms inthe Analysis window Voice at 24 KHz Filtered to 5 KHz Input Voice at 8KHz FM Mocuiete Modulate E sampled by E of 3x to 24 KHz Additive White Gaussian Noise SystemView User s Guide 356 SystemView by ELANIX Appendix B Help Topics and Shortcuts The following provides various Help Topics and Keyboard Mouse shortcuts Note Unspecified references to click refer to the left mouse button right button clicks are noted e Animation In the Analysis window select Options under the Preferences menu Select Animation tab and set the desired parameters Select a plot window and click on the Animate button Animation is informative with scatter plots e Auto Analysis Sink Press the Alt Ctrl keys and click the desired location in the system for placement of a new automatically defined Analysis Sink e Automatic windowing before spectra and FFTs In the Analysis window select Auto Window under the Preferences menu You can then specify the desired window to be automatically applied e Averaging spectral data In the Sink Calculator select the Operator tab an
252. t box to define the number of numerator coefficients of a z domain z transfer function e text box to define the number of denominator coefficients of a z domain H z transfer function e text box for entry or viewing the numerator and denominator coefficients Clicking the mouse on the down arrow in these text boxes will scroll through the list of coefficients text box where the coefficients can be quantized to arbitrary bit numbers SystemView User s Guide 151 A Transient or Non Transient option for specifying the behavior of the linear system at the system Start time The Transient option assumes the linear system begins at a zero energy state while the Non Transient option pre loads the linear system using the first input sample value The input sample value is used as a constant for the time preceding the system Start time applies the final value theorem A two dimensional preview plot area where frequency phase and group delay response is displayed The buttons to the right of the plot are used to select Time domain impulse response Gain frequency domain Phase and Group Delay plots of the linear system Click the right mouse button to customize the plot and to copy or print the plot Click and drag the mouse to zoom the plot Bode Plot and Root Locus buttons are located to the right of the plot area Click to view the Bode plot display frequency and phase on a linear or logarithmic frequency scale or an
253. t up the project for SystemView compatibility Click Build Menu e Click on Settings e Click C C tab e Set Use Run time Library box to Multithreaded Set Struct Select Category box scroll down to Code Generation e Member Alignment box to 8 Bytes SystemView User s Guide 105 6 Click OK e Generate the custom library DLL e Click Build Menu e Click Rebuild All 5 9 6 2 2 Using Microsoft Visual C 5 0 1 Move the source files into a folder intended for the custom library development 2 Start the Microsoft Visual C 5 0 compiler 3 Create a Project Workspace in the Integrated Development Environment e Click File menu then click New and click Project tab e Click Win32 Dynamic Link Library and enter project name e g Svucode e Choose project folder If the folder is the project name remove the specific folder name 1 e the last folder qualifier so the name is not duplicated e Click Create new workspace and click OK 4 Add the example files into the project e Click Project menu e Click Add to Project e Click Files e Select the desired files by type or by grouping of types e Click OK e Repeat above steps if necessary SystemView User s Guide 106 5 Set up the project for SystemView compatibility e Click Project menu e Click Settings e Click C C tab e Select Category scroll down to Code Generation e Select Use Run time Library as Multithreaded e Select Struct member alignment at 8 Bytes e Click
254. tal waveform having a bit time of T seconds then selecting a slice Length T seconds would generate bits folded back on each other to produce the eye diagram 9 8 3 Definitions The Sink Calculator provides various block operations for manipulating and analyzing Sink data The operations are organized by the tab index in the Sink Calculator window calc The definitions Ww refers to selected plot window n and w refers to the new plot window created by the Sink Calculator operation on Wa Algebraic Square Squares the selected window w w calc n Square Root Computes the square root of the selected window w n Weale Sin Computes the sine of the selected window sin w wi calc SystemView User s Guide 209 Cosine Computes the cosine of the selected window cos w 09 calc Tangent Computes the tangent of the selected window w tan w calc Arctangent Computes the arctangent of the selected window tan w CA calc Max Min Avg Computes the maximum minimum or average of the selected multiple plot window k prp Where w is i th sample in We and amp is the k th plot in Wa gt max avg w calc i Window a Raises the selected window to the a power Note the different definition if a is fractional w w ifaisan integer calc n a w sen w gt if ais fractional calc n n a Window
255. the same values as the input descriptors Each input and output for all tokens has the following attributes Initializatio Nominal Active n Output Value Output Limits value N Computed assigned tokenT Assigned Assigned Input value Should be greater than or equal to system time ot decimate_ Not Assigned Input value TRUE or FALSE Assigned tokenRate_ Assigned Input value Must be less than or equal to system rate SystemView User s Guide 124 5 9 7 4 5 Sources and Sinks Processing Flow Since source tokens have no inputs they must completely fill their output structures The following table shows when and what values are assigned to source tokens Sink tokens do not assign values to an output structure since they have no output Initialization Nominal Output Value ERN 5 Double Precision LE lp o SystemView User s Guide 125 5 9 7 4 6 Returned status value The custom library function returns a 4 byte integer status value When the function successfully finishes a call a status value of 0 should be returned Otherwise system execution will terminate with a message box reporting the non zero return value the token number and the token error text in the global error message buffer Reserved return codes 1001 Controlled execution termination 1002 Break point 1003 Alert and 1004 that causes SystemView to go to the next simulation loop are used for APG stop sinks 5 9 7 4 7 CommonExecutor and the class T
256. to eight bits go the text area enter 8 and click the Apply button The numerator and denominator coefficients are automatically quantized to eight bits and change accordingly The plot will change to show the new configuration filter performance To return to the original non quantized condition click the Undo button SystemView User s Guide 182 6 10 Summary Of Filter Tokens In The Linear System Window lal Analog Band Pass Continuous Band Pass linear filter Class can be Butterworth Bessel Chebyshev Elliptic or Linear Phase Analog Band Reject Continuous Band Reject notch linear filter Class same as above Analog High Pass Continuous High Pass linear filter Class same as above Analog Low Pass Continuous Low Pass linear filter Class same as above Custom FIR gain and phase linear filter Custom Laplace Custom filter derived from Laplace transformation H s FIR Band Reject Band Reject FIR filter FIR Band Pass Band Pass FIR filter FIR Differentiator Differentiator FIR filter FIR Halfband Halfband FIR filter FIR High Pass High Pass FIR filter FIR Hilbert Hilbert 90 degree phase shift FIR filter Transform FIR Low Pass Low Pass FIR filter Gaussian FIR filter Custom Linear Custom z domain linear system with file or manual entry coefficients Systems Raised Cosine linear FIR filter template or parametric Root Raised Cosine Raised Root Cosine linear FIR filter template or parametric Sin t t Truncated Sin
257. token will be sampled at the System Sample Rate divided by N N 1s the decimation factor parameter and must be a positive integer An example of a decimated unit sine wave with a decimation factor of four is shown in Figure 4 2 Decimated sin wave with a decimation factor of 4 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 4 2 Decimation example SystemView User s Guide 66 The sampler token controls the sample rate of the tokens following it The designated sample rate must be less than or equal to the system sample rate but is not restricted to multiples of the system sample rate The Hold token can be used to get back to the system sample rate following a Decimate or Sampler token The resulting signal output will be held at the last sample value or can be set to zero between samples The Resampler token has the same effect as choosing a Hold token followed by a Sampler token The Delay token is used when a specific amount of delay must be added to an input signal The amplitude of the output signal will be linearly interpolated when this option is selected In contrast the Sample Delay token delays the input signal by a specified integer number of samples In the Function Library the Extract token only takes a sample when the control signal exceeds the specified threshold NOTE the output is compressed in time The Multiplex token takes samples from the input token A followed by samples from input token B An error resul
258. ts if the token rate is greater than the system sample rate The output token rate is increased by a factor of R R out Ne 4 9 Tokens Mixed Rate Inputs Multiple input tokens that receive data signals at different rates sample the data at the same rate as the data signal with the highest rate See Figure 4 3 Source step function tokens 0 and 1 have amplitudes of 1 0 volts and 2 0 volts respectively These are followed by Sampler tokens 2 and 3 running at 6 Hz and 4 Hz respectively The parameters can be shown in note pads on the SystemView screen by clicking the right mouse button and choosing this option Token 4 adds the sampled signals and outputs them to a SystemView Sink In this case the System rate is set at 10 Hz and the simulation duration is 1 second However since the highest sample token rate is 6 Hz this value controls the Adder token An output to 3 volts will occur only when the inputs to the adder are perfectly aligned in time This occurs at the least common multiple of 4 and 6 Hz that in this case is every 12 Hz SystemView User s Guide 67 Operator Sampler Operator Sampler Non Interpolating Rate 4 Hz Aperture 0 sec Aperture Jitter 0 sec Token 3 SystemView by ELANIX Figure 4 3 Mixed rate inputs SystemView User s Guide 68 Chapter 5 The SystemView Tokens Tokens are the building blocks models of a SystemView simulation This chapter summarizes the tokens included
259. ts within the selected plot window The spectrum is in dBm assuming 50 ohm impedance at the input to an analog spectrum analyzer Tip Use Moving Average under the Operator tab to smooth the spectrum Power Spectrum dBm 1 ohm This operation produces the power spectrum for all plots within the selected plot window The spectrum is in dBm assuming one ohm impedance at the input to an analog spectrum analyzer Tip Use the Moving Average under the Operator tab to smooth the spectrum Power Spectral Density dBm Hz in 50 ohms This operation produces the power spectral density for all plots within the selected plot window The spectral density is in dBm Hz assuming 50 ohm impedance at the input to an analog spectrum analyzer Tip Use Moving Average under the Operator tab to smooth the spectrum SystemView User s Guide 213 Power Spectral Density dBm Hz in 1 ohm This produces the power spectral density for all plots within the selected plot window The spectral density is in dBm Hz assuming one ohm impedance at the input to an analog spectrum analyzer Tip Use Moving Average under the Operator tab to smooth the spectrum e 20 Log FFT dB This operation produces the magnitude FFT of all plots within the selected plot window and displays the result in dB The forward transform is multiplied by At where At 1 f and f system sample rate If the selected plot window represents an FFT of another plot wind
260. tup under the System or Analysis window File menu to open the Print Page Setup window as shown in Figure 11 5 SystemView Page Setup 2 x Paper emes12 1m 81 2xllin m Source First Available Fs vaible ty SY RE Orientation C Portrait Landscape Figure 11 5 The Printer Page Setup window Select either portrait or landscape mode Clicking the Printer button opens a window that lets you access additional settings to configure your printer The type and number of options available will depend on your particular printer and may differ from the example shown in Figure 11 6 SystemView User s Guide 228 HP LaserJet 5MP on Server server_sales Properties 71 Paper Graphics Fonts Device Options Paper size Letter 81 2 11 in n ez Legal Executive 4 5 Envelo Orientation Portrait Landscape Paper source Fist Available Tray z Media choice JEconoMode Printer Default 7 About Restore Defaults Figure 11 6 The Printer Properties window 11 7 Other Methods The Edit menu allows copying of system block diagrams waveforms and other information to the Windows clipboard This allows incorporation of elements from the design into word processing desktop publishing or presentation applications and provides an alternate method of printing SystemView User s Guide 229 Chapter 12 Debugging A System Design
261. ture has the following fields Name Description request Request code 0 check if required 1 check password Pointer to a prompt or error message string password Pointer to password input provided by System View If PASSWORD is exported in def file this function is called when the user code library is added and every time the simulation initializes a token from the library This function allows SystemView to have the user enter the password string when requested and subsequently verify that string The initial call to PASSWORD by SystemView determines if the user needs to enter the password string If so SystemView calls for a custom password prompt string and then calls for a password string verification If verification fails the library is not loaded and the simulation is not run There are no requirements on how the user code regulates and maintains the password facility In the example the coding is contained in the PASSWORD function found in usercode c The example demonstrates the use of the registry to store library access information SystemView User s Guide 122 The special function PARAMETER is used only for custom parameter dialog and must be declared int WINAPI PARAMETER int functionNo UserCodeDialogInfo dialogInfo The first parameter specifies the function custom dialog being addressed Beginning with zero the functionNo corresponds to the index into the CodeInfo structure for each function description The s
262. uces the complex FFT from the selected real and or imaginary input plot windows Select the real input from the upper plot window list and the imaginary input from the lower list The FFT outputs multiple if desired are specified using the output list The forward transform is multiplied by At where At 1 f and f system sample rate If the selected real and or imaginary input plot windows are themselves an FFT of other plot windows then the Sink Calculator automatically performs the inverse complex FFT SystemView User s Guide 216 Data Custom Extract Plots This operation separates a plot of overlaid signals into individual plots Extract Data This operation extracts data from the input window beginning at the Start value and ending with the Stop value and creates a new window Insert This operation inserts the selected window in the upper plot window list into the selected window from the lower plot window list The insertion point is determined by the Start value and a new window is created Delete This operation deletes data from the input window beginning at the Start value and ending with the Stop value and creates a new window Append This operation appends the selected window in the upper plot window list to the selected window in the lower plot window list A new window is created Pad Zeros This operation pads adds zeros to the selected plot window The No determines the number of zeros
263. uency agile signal or frequency hopped signal FH The hop time is synchronized with the chirp sweep time During each hop the instantaneous frequency is mixed with the chirp source This has the effect of shifting the apparent frequency excursion of the chirp The resultant signal is passed through the chirp matched filter The time corresponding to the correlation peak of the matched filter is linearly related to the frequency shift The correlation peak then moves back and forth in time in proportion to the frequency shift This is of course a spectrum analyzer The amplitude variation in the output is due to the fact that the shifted chirp does not completely fill the matched filter at the correlation time The greater the frequency shift the greater the amplitude loss SystemView User s Guide 351 MICROSCAN SPECTRUM ANALYZER Output spectrum 2 Emm Zero QM B for Frequency hopping signal source display purposes display purposes SystemView by ELANIX 9 1 Microscan receiver in SystemView System vliew by ELAH Overlay of Sink 4 Sink 7 Sink 10 Sink 14 500 3 1 1 5 2 1 5643 A lesa m S00 n t u a 500 les 1583 2 3 500 3 1 1 5 2 Time in Seconds
264. uild menu then click Rebuild All SystemView User s Guide 108 5 9 6 3 Creating A New Custom Library While a new custom library can be created the novice custom library programmer can use the distributed SystemView custom library files as source code templates This section details the steps necessary to add new functions to the source code template after which the user would build the library Once the new functions work properly the user can delete the source specific to the supplied example functions 5 9 6 3 1 C Source Perform the following steps 1 Create a new folder of source files e From the installation Examples Custom folder copy the svucode h resource h usercode rc svucode def usercode c and svucode c files into a new folder Rename svucode def and svucode c to anyname with the corresponding extensions You will want to create custom library project anyname in this folder later 2 Change the anyname def file e Add the new function names to the EXPORTS Section 3 Change the usercode c file e Change the Number of functions parameter in the CodelInfo structure to reflect the number of functions that you are adding Adda CodelInfo function description for each function This description includes the name type input list output list and the parameter list 4 Change the anyname c file e Add your functions All C custom library functions must be declared as DLL Export long SVUFCN SVGLOBAL SVLO
265. ult all coefficients are calculated in IEEE double precession When the coefficient computation is complete the time domain impulse response of the filter appears in the plot area as shown in figure 6 4 Click the Gain option for the frequency domain plot in figure 6 5 Impulse Response Amplitude us Time in sec 88 samples 0 200 400 65 500 63 00 Figure 6 4 FIR filter time impulse response Frequency Response Gain in dB us Freq in Hz dF 97 7e 3 Hz Figure 6 5 FIR filter gain response SystemView User s Guide 156 Other filter types are designed in a similar fashion using the design windows shown in Figures 6 6 through 6 10 Hilbert Transforms which introduce a 90 degree phase shift in the input wave form over a selected bandwidth usually that of the signal are generated in the Hilbert Transform design window Figure 6 10 and a Differentiator Filter is designed using the window in Figure 6 9 SystemView Halfband LowPass DSP Filter Design H LowPass FIR Filter Gain dB Gain dB Gain 98 In Band L 98 p Initial No Elanix Auto Optimizer I Fixed ee Max m Embed Enabled Figure 6 7 The BandPass filter design window SystemView User s Guide 157 SystemView HighPass DSP Filter Design HighPass FIR Filter a fraction of the filter input sample rate Gain dB Relative Fre
266. use open plot windows will be zoomed to the same scale Moving around within the plot Once a plot is zoomed use the vertical and horizontal scroll bars that are within the plot window to move to different locations within the data Simultaneously moving the zoomed plot in both dimensions may be done by clicking the mouse within the plot area and dragging the plot waveform left right up or down Resetting the Scale After zooming or performing any other scale operation click the Reset Scale button on the toolbar or click the right mouse button within the plot and select Rescale to return to the default full scale view Log Scales Click the Log X or Log Y button on the toolbar for a logarithmic axis Use the Reset Scale button or click the Log X or Log Y button again to return to a linear scale Manual scales Use the Sink Calculator to manually set plot scales to specific values Click the Sink Calculator and select the Scale tab The Scale Axis option will scale an axis algebraically For example subtracting a constant c on the time axis shifts the waveform to the right according to s t c The Set Min Max option allows setting the ranges of start and stop values of either axis SystemView User s Guide 204 9 5 Axis Labels and Plot Titles The axis labels and plot titles can be customized in any plot window Double click the label or title and enter the desired text Press Enter or click outside the text box
267. uses symbolic tokens functional models to represent processes and a time base to represent system sampling characteristics Complete system or subsystem simulations are designed in SystemView s System window where tokens are selected from various libraries and connected together in the System Design area Parameters for these tokens are defined through user friendly dialog boxes or by direct entry of values in graphical representations of circuit schematics The user can control the start time stop time and the system sample rate 3 2 Starting SystemView During installation the SystemView Setup program automatically creates a SystemView shortcut on your desktop and an icon on the Start menu SystemView is launched by clicking the Windows Start button and selecting SystemView or by double clicking the SystemView Shortcut on your desktop start P e SystemView by ELANIX 3 3 The System Window The System window shown in Figure 3 1 consists of a Menu bar a Toolbar horizontal and vertical Scroll bars a Design area a Message area and a token Reservoir SystemView User s Guide 46 EJ File Edit Preferences View NotePads zum Connections Compiler System Tokens Tools Help 8 8 a T a E fis 5 4i gt SystemView v5 0 Build 008 Current File v1 9 Build 1 BiSource PN Seq Amp 500 e 3 v Metasys 500 e 3 v Rate 2 Hz
268. ustom Library DLL see eene eren 103 9 07 Custom Library Files ero at ete Dia e aea Peter retenues 113 3 9 8 Custom Library Topics inei a tio dn de 127 5 10 CONVERSION FROM THE CUSTOM LIBRARY USER 141 5 101 C Example vas eo erede 141 340 2 Ctt Example seis te 142 5 I EXAMPLES TRU REO OUT TER OSEE reeves 143 5 11 1 Gaussian distribution 143 146 S113 Feedback Example eet ated tat tees eren cts 148 CHAPTER 6 FILTERS AND LINEAR 6 8 8 04 0 150 6 1 LINEAR SYSTEM TOKEN DEFINITION 2 151 6 2 FINITE IMPULSE RESPONSE FIR FILTER DESIGN eee ener 153 6 2 1 Example LowPass FIR filter essere eene rennen 155 SystemView User s Guide 7 62 2 Group 2 WANK OWS oSv atero dr du 160 6 2 3 Group 3 eri e vete re a ee ke AD Ee reete etus 162 0 24 Group 4 CUSTO dete ette etae teste 166 6 3 ANALOG CONTINUOUS FILTER DESIGN nennen 172 OT EAPEACE SYSTEMS ee lecto tree et ee step 174 6 5 MANUAL ENTRY OF COEFFICIENTS 2 1 22 000000001040000000000000000000
269. value for parameter of function Is not a valid number of assigned inputs for function Number of assigned inputs must be positive and not exceed maximum allowed 20 Function is declared a source and may not have inputs Function is declared a sink or general and must have inputs SystemView User s Guide 130 Invalid pointer to the input label of function Function input label too long over 21 bytes 28 Is not a valid number of unassigned inputs for function Number of unassigned inputs must be positive and not exceed maximum allowed 20 Function has labels for unassigned inputs Unassigned inputs cannot be labeled assigned outputs must be positive and not exceed maximum allowed 20 alates Is not a valid number of assigned outputs for function Number of SystemView User s Guide 131 5 9 8 3 Memory Usage Custom library functions have variables that require persistent memory and other variables that do not Variables that need to exist only during a function call can be declared as variables in the automatic storage class Memory consuming variables like very large structures or arrays should be allocated If you make these allocations in the run state don t forget to delete them when you exit the function Persistent variables must exist between function calls They can be allocated at initialization and should be de allocated by the custom library function at the finalize call
270. w SystemView User s Guide 314 17 2 Operation The procedure for specifying links follows 1 Click the Tools menu and select Global Parameter Links Select the token whose parameters are to be linked from the list of system tokens Select the parameter for the token to be linked from the Select Token Parameters To define a Global Algebraic Macro select one from the Global Constants list and enter the desired expression or value in the Set Gi text box Enter any reminder or definition notes for the global constant in the Notes box The first ten characters of the note will appear on the same line as the global constant for reference Click the Global Constant or Update button to view them Specify the algebraic link by entering the algebraic relationship in the Define Algebraic Relationship box The expression can contain global macros e g G0 G1 etc that have defined and system variables from the System Variable list e g dt the system time increment For example G0 dt 2 G1 To use system level variables in the link click the down arrow in the System Variables Reference List and click on the desired system variable The variable can also be typed directly in the algebraic expression Click the Update Link button to activate the link Click the Show Linked button for a list of system tokens defined links 10 Click OK to set the links and return to the system SystemView User s Guide 315 17 3 Ex
271. w Custom Libraries C or C is compiled into a 32 bit Windows Dynamic Link Library DLL and executed on operating systems supported by SystemView including Windows 95 98 2000 and NT The DLL may include simulations legacy code and specialized modules external to SystemView A set of examples using custom tokens is distributed with SystemView The custom library DLL can be found in the svccode dll folder of the SystemView installation folder The sample tokens are similar in operation to standard SystemView tokens All SystemView tokens are grouped into three types e Source tokens which have no inputs e Sink tokens which have no outputs e General tokens which have both inputs and outputs The order of the inputs can be assigned order dependent as in a token that performs a division or unassigned order independent like a token that performs an addition Outputs are always order dependent Unconnected token inputs are assigned a value of zero by SystemView at the beginning of the simulation The user can add validation code that will not allow a simulation to continue should this default input value be unacceptable e g a division token that would divide by zero and cause a system fault From a development perspective tokens are also classified into Time Passive or Active in addition to Type Passive or Active tokens Time Passive tokens have output times that match its master input time whereas Time Active tokens modify the
272. w User s Guide 295 M Link Option This software links SystemView to MATLAB and Simulink This library allows the incorporation of existing MATLAB functions into SystemView designs to include blocks from MATLAB third party libraries or write custom blocks in MATLAB in addition you may use both SystemView and MATLAB analysis tools to examine simulation results CDMA PCS Library This contains a complete set of tools to develop systems based on the IS 95 97 A and J STD 008 specification It has models required to implement the forward and reverse link receiver the transmitter and the traffic pilot sync access and paging channels Individual models are provided for elements making up the channel Other models represent the full channel in a functional block and both rate sets are supported DVB Library The DVB Library has a comprehensive set of tools for rapid development of systems based on the ETS 300 744 specification Complete sets of models representing the various blocks used for signal generation and demodulation have been provided The key elements of the DVB system include the 204 188 8 shortened Reed Solomon coder the 17 12 convolutional interleaver the rate gt 7 punctured convolutional encoder code polynomial 133 171 octal and the DVB modulator consisting of Demux Bit and Symbol Interleaver Symbol Mapper and OFDM Modulator Real Time DSP Architect RTDA TI TMS320C6000 5000 This tool provides an i
273. will terminate SystemView User s Guide 21 2 5 3 NT Command Line Options The following command line options can be used to specify options for the server application When options are specified they take effect the next time service is started DN string Changes the server s department name H num Sets the maximum number of licenses that can be in use at any one time on this server Sets the maximum TCP IP sessions Sets the maximum number of sub licenses Overrides TCP IP default broadcast mask 255 255 255 255 RI num Sets number of times to retry finding the specified Rainbow TCP IP Server Timeout value used when attempting to locate other Rainbow TCP IP Servers Specifies handle delete password Displays help screen After the installation of SystemView and the network service Hardware Key drivers on the server you can give a department name to the server by performing the following Assign a department name to the service e Select Start Programs and then the MS DOS prompt e Inthe DOS prompt type nssrvice u Reboot the PC then go into the DOS prompt and type nssrvice I e Type nssrvice dn department name gt and reboot the PC The server will now have the department name that was assigned SystemView User s Guide 22 Assign a department name to a client PC e InSystemView select the Help menu and select License setup e Select the License Manager window and select Network Key e Select th
274. wo The output of the Integrator is multiplied by five in Gain token three Finally the feedback signal is subtracted from the input to complete the loop and produce the error signal To make the connection lines point backwards click the Reverse token direction button or click the right mouse button on tokens three and four and select Reverse Note that when executed a z is generated indicating the presence of an implicit feedback delay of one sample see Chapter 13 for a detailed discussion of implicit delays SystemView User s Guide 148 Step Aperiodic 1 Amplitude 1 2 Start Function Sources time sec 0 3 Bias 0 Integrator Integral Integration Order Zero Order Diff Operators 2 Initial condition 0 Gain Gain Scale Gain Units Linear Gain Operators value 5 Negate Gain Scale Operators System Graphic View Sinks Summary of tokens used in the Feedback example n SystemView User s Guide 149 Chapter 6 Filters and Linear Systems The Linear Filters Systems token gt is part of the Filters Systems group of the Operator Library and is one of the most versatile and powerful SystemView tokens This token provides the tools that allow Specifying completely arbitrary gain and phase characteristics e g filter synthesis using the mouse text entry or an external file in the Custom filter design window Design of Low Pass Halfband Low Pass High Pass Band Pass Band
275. y of booleans The booleans indicate whether or not an output for the token is connected The token number and the array of output booleans are available for SystemView version 4 5 and above SystemView Custom Parameter Dialog Request typedef UserCodeDialogInfo This structure transmits requests from SystemView to a specific user code custom dialog such as opening and closing a custom dialog A structure typedef that describes the parameter memory for each token with a custom parameter dialog A pointer to this parameter memory is available in the both the SVLOCAL and the UserCodeDialogInfo structures In the example F10Parms is a structure used both in the custom parameter dialog section in usercode c and in the initialization section of the EQUALIZER function found in svucode c SystemView User s Guide 114 5 9 7 1 1 SVGLOBAL SVGLOBAL contains simulation control information that is available for all tokens The version and not Version variables can be used as checks for byte alignment and software version verification during debugging The pointer error Message_ points to a shared message buffer of length errorMessageLength version_ Version of SystemView This should be version 2 0 or greater systemStartT_ Start Time in seconds System Time Window systemTimeStep Time Spacing in seconds System Time Window Sample Rate in Hertz System Time Window Number of System Loops System Time Window nlterations Number of samples
276. ys may also be used to scroll Scrolling is useful when the size of the simulation block diagram is larger than the visible region of the Design area 3 3 4 Design Area In the System window the Design Area is defined as the area where the simulation design is performed In the Design Area you launch define and connect tokens to create the block diagram of the design 3 3 5 Message Area The Message Area at the bottom of the window displays simulation status information and token descriptions It is possible to display token parameters in the Message Area as well as on a pop up window by positioning the mouse arrow on the desired token SystemView User s Guide 48 3 3 6 Dynamic System Probe Button The Dynamic System Probe Button is located at the lower left corner of the System Window This button allows access to the Probe Functions as discussed in Chapter 8 3 3 7 Auto Router The Router allows the designer to drop a router while dragging the connection These routers were placed using the Auto Launch Router feature The Auto Launch Router feature is controlled through the Preferences Menu Options Design Area This control window is shown in figure 3 2 Note the Enable Auto Launch Router option on the bottom of the left column Customize SystemView Numeric amp Run Time Features System Time Design Area System Colors Small System Toolbar Show Background Grid Small MetaSystem T

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