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R&S®FSV-K10x LTE UL Measurement

1. seen 28 Measuring the Spectrum censerent einen treni t irin panna ra nu Rn rrriRn 30 Frequency Sweep Measurements nennen 31 VQ Measurements nennen enn tenn inns rre 34 Measuring the Symbol Constellation eese nnn 36 Measuring Statistics eei rene ANES ANNASA SANANA nda aaas 38 Configuring and Performing the Measurement 41 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Contents 5 1 Performing Measurements cesses enne nnne nn nnn nnn n nnns 41 5 2 Defining General Measurement Characteristics eeeeeeeeeeeeees 42 5 2 1 Defining Signal Characheristtce een 42 5 2 2 Configuring the Input Level eem nennen 44 5 2 3 Configuring the Data Captle iier creada A 46 5 2 4 Triggering Measurements eene nennen eren nnn 47 5 3 Configuring Spectrum Measurements eese enne 48 5 3 1 General ACLR and SEM Confouraton eee 49 5 3 2 Configuring SEM Measurement eene emen nennen 50 5 3 3 Configuring ACLR Measurement eem eene nnns 51 5 4 Defining Advanced Measurement Characteristics eeeeesessssse 52 DAT Controlling UO Data 52 5 4 2 Controlling the Input 52 5 4 3 Configuring the Digital l Q Input 53 5 5 Configuring the Signal Demodulation eene 54 5 5 1 Configuring the Data Analyse 54 5 5 2 Compensating Measurement Emors tenn
2. 32 allocation summary CT bit stream 2209 capture buffer Nd 01010 cm 38 A t sceo rana titu ic caeca 35 channel flatness difference 38 channel flatness grdel NC constellation Ol DFT precod constell 37 EVM vs carrier we 28 EVM vs SUDIFAMG cccccectaccssceuessaractstcansssterarcdedacedcacsiarese 30 EVM yS SYMON Im 29 inband emission Ts tah nns ERR ceti ba sete ta REESEN 24 result SUMUIMANY secet urea ida 24 spectrum mask i91 MKR Key 76 Multicarrier filter 56 N Number of RB cerit ina aa 43 Numerical results ici rn rrt eni 24 P Phase BrtOf missel serrera enai rex recited eios 57 PUCCH Structure Deltas Shift ricette 68 Format 69 N PUCCH 69 N 1 cs 1209 IVAB i E 69 Number of RBs for PUCCH eeseseesese 68 PUSCH Structure Frequency Hopping Mode essences 67 Info in Hopping Bits 207 Number of Subbands 07 PUSCH Hopping Offset en 67 R Reference Level nicas ala tenancy 44 Reference signal PUSCH PUCCH EE 62 Remote commands Basics on syntax Boolean values Capitalization Character EE Data DIOCKS Ee 86 N rrieric TE 84 Optional Keywords rrr eret t 83 Para Meter canina iaa n Ferrari Ea ER Regen 84 Eur
3. Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS CSRS on page 128 Transm Comb k TC Defines the transmission comb kc Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics The transmission comb is a UE specific parameter For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Physical Resources for the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS TRComb on page 129 SRS Cyclic Shift N_CS Defines the cyclic shift ncs used for the generation of the SRS CAZAC sequence Because the different shifts of the same Zadoff Chu sequence are orthogonal to each other applying different SRS cyclic shifts can be used to schedule different UE to simultaneously transmit their SRS Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS CYCS on page 128 Conf Index SRS Defines the configuration index of the SRS The configuration index Le is a cell specific parameter that determines the SRS perio dicity Tsrs and the SRS subframe offset Torrser The effects of the configuration index on Tsrs and Tase depends on the duplexing mode For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 213 Table 8 2 1 FDD and 8 2 2 TDD Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS ISRS on page 128 Hopping BW b hop Defines the parameter Dhop Dhop is a UE specific parameter that defines the frequency hopping bandwidth SRS fre quency hopping is active if Drop lt Bsprs For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Phy
4. 86 ENIDI M 83 Resource x t cient Herten aedem ein 43 Result Display Constellation Selection ci 75 Result summary tren reri rect 24 S Scrambling of coded DIS erre 55 Screen Layout SEM requirement Settings wm 59 Auto Demodulation cccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesneeesnneees 55 Capture Time srda oeri n nna aerae a Ta a Eri 46 NT 59 Cell Identity Group cooonccccnnncccnnocccononcccnnoncccnananncnannno 59 Channel Bandwidth AAA 43 Channel Estimation Range seesssss 55 Compensate DC Offset eren tenete 55 Cont Index M SRS cocer ret a Ra eene cepi ent 66 Configurable Subframes sssssssssss 60 Delta Sequence Shift A 63 bDr cEc fe 68 Digital Input Data Rate crm 53 Sip 45 FOU ec MR CMT RO ERE 69 Frame Number Offset oerte ever rena 60 Freq Domain Pos n RRC 65 FREQUENCY E 43 Frequency Hopping Mode seen 67 Ul SCALE EE 54 Group HOPPING EE Hopping Ce S IL EE pan eebe eerste d Info in Hopping Bits multicarrier ter PIR E egener E A N_PUCCH N 1 cs N 2 RB Number of RB A Number of RBs for PUCCH 68 N mber or SUBDDANOS erret reri eterne teen 67 MOLLIT 57 Present e eee a aE EEE 64 PUSCH Hopping Offset sess 67 A A e a onee E ER E 44 Rel
5. R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Introduction e Data Rate Peak data rates target 100 Mbps downlink and 50 Mbps uplink for 20 MHz spectrum allocation assuming two receive antennas and one transmit antenna are at the terminal e Throughput The target for downlink average user throughput per MHz is three to four times better than Release 6 The target for uplink average user throughput per MHz is two to three times better than Release 6 e Spectrum efficiency The downlink target is three to four times better than Release 6 The uplink target is two to three times better than Release 6 e Latency The one way transit time between a packet being available at the IP layer in either the UE or radio access network and the availability of this packet at IP layer in the radio access network UE shall be less than 5 ms Also C plane latency shall be reduced e g to allow fast transition times of less than 100 ms from camped state to active state e Bandwidth Scaleable bandwidths of 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz and 20 MHz shall be supported Also bandwidths smaller than 5 MHz shall be supported for more flexibility e Interworking Interworking with existing UTRAN GERAN systems and non 3GPP systems shall be ensured Multimode terminals shall support handover to and from UTRAN and GERAN as well as inter RAT measurements Interruption time for handover between EUTRAN and UTRAN GERAN shall be less than 300 ms for realtime services and less than 500 ms
6. If necessary the command activates the delta marker first To get a valid result you have to perform a complete measurement with synchroniza tion to the end of the measurement before reading out the result This is only possible for single sweeps Suffix lt m gt 1 Example INIT CONT OFF Switches to single measurement mode CALC DELT2 ON Turns on delta marker 2 INIT WAI Starts a measurement and waits for the end CALC MARK2 Y Queries the measurement result at the position of delta marker 2 Usage Query only Scaling the Vertical Diagram Axis Programming example to scale the y axis Start EVM vs Symbol result display in screen B CALC2 FEED EVM EVSY Refresh the measurement results based on the contents of the capture buffer INIT IMM Select screen B DISP WIND2 SEL Measurement Result Analysis Select dB as the EVM unit UNIT EVM DB Define the point of origin of 5 dB on the y axis DISP TRAC Y SCAL FIXS OFFS 5 Define the distance of 10 dB between two grid lines on the y axis DISP TRAC SCAL FIXS PERD 10 DISPlay WINDow TRAGe Y SCALG AUTO 2 0 c cecceeceteneecnenatecenenetteceeencunuauseeneretanetens 143 DISPlay WINDow TRACev GCAletx caleOttGet rener enererererererersnsrnnnn 143 DISPlay WINDow TRACev GCALetxGcale PERDiv nana 143 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe AUTO This command automatically adjusts the scale of the y axis to t
7. 1 1 1 Introduction Currently UMTS networks worldwide are being upgraded to high speed downlink packet access HSDPA in order to increase data rate and capacity for downlink packet data In the next step high speed uplink packet access HSUPA will boost uplink per formance in UMTS networks While HSDPA was introduced as a 3GPP Release 5 fea ture HSUPA is an important feature of 3GPP Release 6 The combination of HSDPA and HSUPA is often referred to as HSPA However even with the introduction of HSPA the evolution of UMTS has not reached its end HSPA will bring significant enhancements in 3GPP Release 7 The objective is to enhance the performance of HSPA based radio networks in terms of spectrum efficiency peak data rate and latency and to exploit the full potential of WCDMAbased 5 MHz operation Important features of HSPA are downlink multiple input multiple out put MIMO higher order modulation for uplink and downlink improvements of layer 2 protocols and continuous packet connectivity In order to ensure the competitiveness of UMTS for the next 10 years and beyond concepts for UMTS long term evolution LTE have been investigated The objective is a high data rate low latency and packet optimized radio access technology There fore a study item was launched in 3GPP Release 7 on evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access EUTRA and evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network EUTRAN LTE EUTRA will then form part of 3GP
8. EVM vs Symbol Starts the EVM vs Symbol result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM of the OFDM symbols You can use it as a debugging technique to identify any symbols whose EVM is too high The results are based on an average EVM that is calculated over all subcarriers that are part of a particular OFDM symbol This average OFDM symbol EVM is determined for all OFDM symbols in each analyzed slot If you analyze all subframes the result display contains three traces e Average EVM This trace shows the OFDM symbol EVM averaged over all slots e Minimum EVM This trace shows the lowest average OFDM symbol EVM that has been found over the analyzed slots e Maximum EVM This trace shows the highest average OFDM symbol EVM that has been found over the analyzed slots If you select and analyze one slot only the result display contains one trace that shows the OFDM symbol EVM for that slot only Average minimum and maximum values in that case are the same For more information see Subframe Selection on page 73 The x axis represents the OFDM symbols with each symbol represented by a dot on the line The number of displayed symbols depends on the Subframe Selection and the length of the cyclic prefix Any missing connections from one dot to another mean that the R amp S FSV could not determine the EVM for that symbol In case of TDD signals the result display does not show OFDM symbols that are not part of t
9. FETCEN SUMMary FERRO MA MUDO Puesto one EIS ces nea bi err ae epe tes rei D ENEN EE 93 FETCh SUMMary FERRor MINimum 5 99 FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERAJYE ios entr ten enr E as Eder nna 93 FEICh SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimmUtm sop ciunt cebat ta n eo HE Saee ed iia 94 FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MINim rm ucs oasis eae ica 94 FETCRh SUMMarty GIMBalance AVERage nee pne rrr err rane nete ren RR apa 94 FETGCRh SUMMarny IQOFfset MAXIImUITIT irit Eege bue ov p sie base Ee ebbe dv cn a 94 FETCh SUMMary IOOFfS6t MINIMUM comica rn ett rte repa rr ec ea rere eh erronea 94 FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage 94 FEICh SUMMary OSTPIMAXIIHIm cocer pd a ii 94 FETCh SUMMary OSTP MINirmut cra rrt teneo eene caca 94 FETCh SUMMaty POWerMAXImUm g csi ii 94 FETCh SUMMary POWer MINIMUM dictan ias 94 FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERAage nr reno a c 94 FETCh SUMMary QUAD error MAXIMUM ger Eegeregie ia cU DARE LES 95 90 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage tor teneor prr rn trt te AAA 95 FEITCh SUMMary RSTPIMAXIYEUG cta cao Fh ino a e eb Urat Fre D dg PR Prep do 95 FETCh SUMMary RSTP MINIETIUII iioi sore atu co tette e Ca ra deena 95 FETCH SUMMary SERROG MAXIMUNN ENEE tea 95 el Ke SE ele le un 95 FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERagel rer enr re an 95 FETCh SUMMaty TERatTIe rine rtp rete er eee e Rt EE d try sed OA EE Ce VE NE Edd 96 FORMADA TA E 144 INITiate e ei Bg TEE 88 IN
10. RST 1 Example FRAM COUN STAT ON FRAM COUN AUTO OFF Activates manual input of frames to be analyzed FRAM COUN 20 Analyzes 20 frames SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt AUTO State This command turns automatic selection of the number of frames to analyze on and off Parameters lt State gt ON Selects the number of frames to analyze according to the LTE standard OFF Turns manual selection of the frame number on Example FRAM COUN AUTO ON Turns automatic selection of the analyzed frames on SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt STATe State This command turns manual selection of the number of frames you want to analyze on and off Advanced Settings Parameters lt State gt ON You can set the number of frames to analyze OFF The R amp S FSV analyzes a single sweep RST ON Example FRAM COUN STAT ON Turns manual setting of number of frames to analyze on SENSe SWEep TIME lt CaptLength gt This command sets the capture time When you are performing an ACLR measurement the command defines the sweep time Parameters lt CaptLength gt Numeric value in seconds Default unit s Example SWE TIME 40ms Defines a capture time of 40 milliseconds 8 8 Advanced Settings e Controlling VO Data EE 112 e Controlling the InpUf asomar ana fi etie eds 113 e Configuring the Digital UO Input 113 8 8 1 Controlling UO Data Cat ea adco eed ict ato ot ee acid o
11. 50 PUCCH e 51 DMRS PUCCH e 70 PRACH lt channel type gt e 0 TX channel e 1 adjacent channel e 2 alternate channel lt modulation gt Represents the modulation scheme The range is 0 8 e 0 unrecognized e 1 RBPSK e 2 QPSK e 3 16QAM e 4 64QAM e 5 8PSK e 6 PSK e 7 mixed modulation e 8 BPSK number of symbols or bits In hexadecimal mode this represents the number of symbols to be transmitted In binary mode it represents the number of bits to be transmitted TRACe DATA Result This command returns the trace data for the current measurement or result display For more information see chapter 8 6 1 Using the TRACe DATA Command on page 96 Query parameters TRACE1 TRACE2 TRACE3 LIST Usage Query only Reading Results CAL Culate nzLlMitzks ACBowerACHannebREGuht nani nanannnnc nn 105 CALCulate n LIMit k ACPower ALTernate RE Gut 105 CAL Culate nzM AbkermFUNGCHon bOWer RE Gud CUpRent nense enenneeeeeseo 105 Measurement Result Query CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ACHannel RESult lt Result gt This command queries the limit check results for the adjacent channels during ACLR measurements Return values lt LimitCheck gt Returns two values one for the upper and one for the lower adjacent channel PASSED Limit check has passed FAILED Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM ACP ACH RES ALL Queries the results of
12. 5168 bytes The data bytes follow During the trans mission of these data bytes all end or other control signs are ignored until all bytes are transmitted 0 specifies a data block of indefinite length The use of the indefinite for mat requires a NL END message to terminate the data block This format is useful when the length of the transmission is not known or if speed or other considerations prevent segmentation of the data into blocks of definite length Measurement Selection CALCULE E EE 86 DISPlay IVINDOWSA TAB cocina RA 87 CALCulate lt n gt FEED lt DispType gt This command selects the measurement and result display Parameters lt DispType gt String containing the short form of the result display See table below for details Measurement Selection Example CALC2 FEED PVT CBUF Select Capture Buffer to be displayed on screen B Result display Parameter ACLR SPEC ACP Allocation Summary STAT ASUM Bitstream STAT BSTR Capture Buffer PVT CBUF CCDF STAT CCDF Constellation Diagram CONS CONS DFT Precoded Constellation CONS DFTC EVM vs Carrier EVM EVCA EVM vs Subframe EVM EVSU EVM vs Symbol EVM EVSY Flatness Difference SPEC FLAT Group Delay SPEC GDEL Inband Emission SPEC IE Power Spectrum SPEC PSPE Spectrum Flatness SPEC FLAT Spectrum Emission Mask SPEC SEM Time Alignment Error PVT TAER DISPlay WINDow
13. Factor in dB Example FETC SUMM CRES Returns the current crest factor in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last command syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage This command queries the EVM of all physical channel resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last command syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM PCH Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage This command queries the EVM of all physical signal resource elements Numeric Result Query Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last command syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM PSIG Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMM
14. Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme 1 2 1 SC FDMA During the study item phase of LTE alternatives for the optimum uplink transmission scheme were investigated While OFDMA is seen optimum to fulfil the LTE require ments in downlink OFDMA properties are less favourable for the uplink This is mainly due to weaker peak to average power ratio PAPR properties of an OFDMA signal resulting in worse uplink coverage Thus the LTE uplink transmission scheme for FDD and TDD mode is based on SCFDMA with a cyclic prefix SC FDMA signals have better PAPR properties com pared to an OFDMA signal This was one of the main reasons for selecting SC FDMA as LTE uplink access scheme The PAPR characteristics are important for cost effec tive design of UE power amplifiers Still SC FDMA signal processing has some similar ities with OFDMA signal processing so parameterization of downlink and uplink can be harmonized There are different possibilities how to generate an SC FDMA signal DFT spread OFDM DFT s OFDM has been selected for EUTRA The principle is illustrated in fig ure 1 1 For DFT s OFDM a size M DFT is first applied to a block of M modulation symbols QPSK 16QAM and 64 QAM are used as uplink EUTRA modulation schemes the lat ter being optional for the UE The DFT transforms the modulation symbols into the fre quency domain The result is mapped onto the available sub carriers In EUTRA uplink only localized transmission on
15. Power 64 Relative Power PUCCH 62 Relative Power PUSCH A 62 Scrambling of coded bits seessessss 55 Sequence eene Sequence Hopping SOU CC CEP SRS Bandwidth B SRS cesses deret 65 SRS BW Conf C_SRS i 65 SRS Cyclic Shift N_CS 66 SRS Subframe Conf 64 Sandalias irrita s 43 suppressed interference synchronization 2400 le E 52 TDD UL DL Allocations ciutat 58 MM eta sf OF Transm Comb K_TC 65 Trigger level we AT Trigger mode es AT dier Ge E 47 Softkey Const SelectiOfi 2 crit Eege E 75 Marker i ME 76 Sounding Reference Signal Conf Index SRS 766 Freq Domain Pos n RRC 65 Hopping BW b hop 66 Presta dett re n cde pe vi cea cepe eee 64 EEN EE 64 SRS Bandwidth B_SRS 4765 SRS BW Conf C_SRS i89 SRS Cyclic Shift N CS 66 SRS Subframe Conf 64 Transm Comb K TC ET Source TT Te tetera da eu meret rece Spectr m mask iii Standard Selection dei Status BAW analisis Subframe Configuration Table 60 Suffixes Remote commands EE 83 Suppressed interference synchronization 212090 Swap He 52 T TDD UL DL Allocations 58 Timing Error Title Bar Trigger level Trigger mode Trigger offset U Using the Marker micrones era Eege 76
16. S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays T am 39m VM PUSCH 16 VM DMRS PUSCH QPSK PUCCH DMRS PUCCH VM PRACH The table is split in two parts The first part shows results that refer to the complete frame It also indicates limit check results where available The font of Pass results is green and that of Fal results is red In addition to the red font the application also puts a red star MMM in front of failed results Note The EVM results on a frame level first part of the table are calculated as defined by 3GPP at the edges of the cyclic prefix The other EVM results lower part of the table are calculated at the optimal timing position in the middle of the cyclic prefix Because of inter symbol interference the EVM calculated at the edges of the cyclic prefix is higher than the EVM calculated in the middle of the cyclic prefix EVM PUSCH QPSK Shows the EVM for all QPSK modulated resource elements of the PUSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM USQP AVERage on page 93 EVM PUSCH 16QAM Shows the EVM for all 16QAM modulated resource elements of the PUSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM USST AVERage on page 93 EVM DRMS PUSCH QPSK Shows the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with QPSK modulation of the PUSCH in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM SDQP AVERage on page 92 EVM DRMS PUSCH 16QAM Shows the EVM of all DMRS resource elements
17. are values relative to the power of the left TX channel The power of the adja cent channels on the right of the TX channels are values relative to the power of the right TX channel In addition the ACLR measurement results are also tested against the limits defined by 3GPP In the diagram the limits are represented by horizontal red lines ACLR table A table above the result display contains information about the measurement in numer ical form e Channel Shows the channel type TX Adjacent or Alternate Channel Note that if you perform a measurement on two TX channels each TX channel only has one set of adjacent channels The first TX channel CO those to its left the second TX channel Cu0 those to its right e Bandwidth Shows the bandwidth of the channel e Spacing Shows the channel spacing e Lower Upper Shows the relative power of the lower and upper adjacent and alternate channels User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 33 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays 4 4 2 4 4 2 1 e Limit Shows the limit of that channel if one is defined A ACLR List Ref 26 2 dBm AtvEl 0 00 0 00 dB 3 000 MHZ Er a cR Adjacent 9 000 MHz 29 20 dB Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC ACP Querying results CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent TRACe DATA UO Measurements Inbahd EMSS ONS lana a aida 34 e Flatne
18. consecutive sub carriers is allowed An N point IFFT where N gt M is then performed as in OFDM followed by addition of the cyclic pre fix and parallel to serial conversion Incorring Bit Sream Channa DA Fig 1 1 Block Diagram of DFT s OFDM Localized Transmission Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme The DFT processing is therefore the fundamental difference between SC FDMA and OFDMA signal generation This is indicated by the term DFT spread OFDM In an SCFDMA signal each sub carrier used for transmission contains information of all transmitted modulation symbols since the input data stream has been spread by the DFT transform over the available sub carriers In contrast to this each sub carrier of an OFDMA signal only carries information related to specific modulation symbols 1 2 2 SC FDMA Parameterization The EUTRA uplink structure is similar to the downlink An uplink radio frame consists of 20 slots of 0 5 ms each and 1 subframe consists of 2 slots The slot structure is shown in figure 1 2 Each slot carries cs SC FDMA symbols where Mix 7 for the normal cyclic prefix and NS 6 for the extended cyclic prefix SC FDMA symbol number 3 i e the 4th symbol in a slot carries the reference signal for channel demodulation One uplink slot T T MIHI n iiie t iar Ee e bett 4 Modulation symbol 8 uU i2 mb Also for the uplink a bandwidth agnostic layer 1 specification has been selected T
19. dB Measurement Result Query e TRACE3 Returns the data points of the upper limit line lt limit gt The unit is always dB Note that you have to select a particular subframe to get results 8 6 1 15 Power Spectrum For the Power Spectrum result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt power gt The unit is always dBm Hz The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 8 6 1 16 Spectrum Emission Mask For the SEM measurement the number and type of returns values depend on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns one value for each trace point lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm e LIST Returns the contents of the SEM table For every frequency in the spectrum emis sion mask it returns 11 values lt index gt lt start frequency in Hz gt lt stop frequency in Hz gt lt RBW in Hz gt lt limit fail frequency in Hz gt lt absolute power in dBm gt relative power in dBc limit distance in dB limit check result reserved reserved The limit check result is either a 0 for PASS or a 1 for FAIL 8 6 1 17 Return Value Codes This chapter contains a list for encoded return values allocation ID Represents the allocation ID The value is a number in the range 1 70 e 1 Reference symbol e 0 Data symbol e 1 Invalid e 40 PUSCH e 41 DMRS PUSCH 8 6 2 Measurement Result Query e 42 SRS PUSCH e
20. eee 7 Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme eene 9 SC DE 9 SC FDMA Parametertzaton nono n cnn rra nn enne nnns 10 Uplink Data Transmission non nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 10 Uplink Reference Signal Gtruchure nn nnnn nn nnnn nn nan n criar nn nannnnnins 11 Uplink Physical Layer Procedures nennen 11 hdc iii Enirar snaa NANNNa NAE RONSTESSENS NERSES NEAT ENNEN N TA 13 UGS ele E 14 Installing the Software ccceseeecssseeeeeeeeseeeseeeeeeeeeseeeseeeeseeeeseeeeseseseeeeseeeseeeeseeeeeseenenes 14 Application OVverview e cro rr terr ase 14 SUP POM 16 Measurement BASI cenas 17 Symbols and Varlables o lt mormiriiiciriari ai uaa Ene a Rua ERE suu 17 ou 18 The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application 18 Synchronization accio ete vetare aevi iet cec A ue dev cd 19 Analysis co eise eiii a pene tens se de d A P HA d t d 20 SRS EVM Calculation eene iie einn rra re rr 22 Measurements and Result Displays 24 Numerical Results iine reset SRE etian ne EENEN En ane sa boue unes ARENAEN 24 Measuring the Power Over Time cccccccesssereeesseeeseeeeseceeseeeeseenseeseseaeeesesseenseeseseeaes 27 Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM
21. emissions measurement The in band emissions are a measure of the interference falling into the non allocated resources blocks The relative in band emissions are given by Emissio MS absolute A rp Emissions tative Ars 1 c 12 N pg 1 a EN 27 A Pres S e 3 8 where Ts is a set Ts of SC FDMA symbols with the considered modulation scheme being active within the measurement period Arg is the starting frequency offset between the allocated RB and the measured non allocated RB e g Arg 1 or Agg 1 for the first adjacent RB c is the lower edge of the allocated BW and Y t f is the fre quency domain signal evaluated for in band emissions Ngg is the number of allocated RBs The basic in band emissions measurement interval is defined over one slot in the time domain SRS EVM Calculation Other measurement variables Without going into detail the EUTRA LTE uplink measurement application additionally provides the following results e Total power e Constellation diagram e Group delay e Q offset e Crest factor e Spectral flatness 3 4 SRS EVM Calculation In order to calculate an accurate EVM a channel estimation needs to be done prior to the EVM calculation However the channel estimation requires a minimum of two resource elements containing reference symbols on a subcarrier Depending on the current Channel Estimation Range setting this means that either at least two reference symbols Pilot Only
22. formats is calculated as follows N 2 cs 12 N 1 cs 2 For more information refer to 3GPP TS36 211 chapter 5 4 Physical Uplink Control Channel Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh N1CS on page 132 N 2 RB Defines bandwidth in terms of resource blocks that are reserved for PUCCH formats 2 2al2b transmission in each subframe Since there can be only one resource block per slot that supports a combination of the PUCCH formats 1 1a 1b and 2 2a 2b the number of resource block s per slot availa ble for PUCCH format 1 1a 1b is determined by N 2 RB For more information refer to 3GPP TS36 211 chapter 5 4 Physical Uplink Control Channel Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh N2RB on page 132 Format Selects the format of the PUCCH You can define the PUCCH format for all subframes or define the PUCCH format for each subframe individually e F1 Fla Fib F2 F2a F2b F3 Selects the PUCCH format globally for every subframe Note that formats F2a and F2b are only supported for normal cyclic prefix length For more information refer to 3GPP TS36 211 table 5 4 1 Supported PUCCH For mats Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh FORMat on page 131 N PUCCH Defines the resource index for PUCCH format 1 1a 1b respectively 2 2a 2b Defining the PRACH Structure It is also possible to define Npyccy on a subframe level by selecting the Per Subframe menu item For more information see chapter 5 6 3 Co
23. gt lt limit gt The unit of the lt bandwidth gt and lt spacing offset gt is Hz The unit of the power values is either dBm for the TX channel or dB for the neigh boring channels The unit of the limit is dB The lt channel type gt is encoded For the code assignment see chapter 8 6 1 17 Return Value Codes on page 103 Note that the TX channel does not have a spacing offset gt lt power of lower channel gt and lt limit gt NaN is returned instead 8 6 1 2 Allocation Summary For the Allocation Summary the command returns seven values for each line of the table lt subframe gt lt allocation ID gt lt number of RB gt lt offset RB gt lt modulation gt lt absolute power gt lt EVM gt The unit for lt absolute power is always dBm The unit for lt EVM gt depends on UNIT EVM All other values have no unit R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Remote Commands The allocation ID and modulation are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 8 6 1 17 Return Value Codes on page 103 Note that the data format of the return values is always ASCII Example Allocation Summary Sub Humber Offset z Power frame ys of RB RB Modulation DMRS PUSCH TRAC DATA TRACE1 would return 0 40 10 2 2 84 7431947342849 2 68723483754626E 06 0 41 0 0 6 84 7431432845264 2 37549449584568E 06 0 42 0 0 6 80 9404231343884 3 97834623871343E 06 8 6 1 3 Bit
24. gt This command turns detection of the subframe configuration on and off The command is available if Auto Demodulation is turned off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example UL FORM SCD ON Turns detection of the subframe configuration on Compensating Measurement Errors SENSe L TE UL TRACking PHASe eerte tette tette tns SENSe L TE UL TRACking TIME center SENSe LTE UL TRACking PHASe Type This command selects the phase tracking type for uplink signals 8 12 8 12 1 Frame Configuration Parameters lt Type gt OFF Deactivate phase tracking PIL Pilot only PILP Pilot and payload RST OFF Example SENS UL TRAC PHAS PILP Use pilots and payload for channel estimation SENSe LTE UL TRACking TIME State This command turns timing tracking for uplink signals on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example UL TRAC TIME ON Activates timing tracking Frame Configuration e Configuring TDD Ee ET 122 e Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identtv n 123 Configuring SUDIFAMES cocci n RANNER EEN 124 Configuring TDD Signals CONFigure L TEPUL TID DUS PSG cio a ENEE SEO 122 CONFigure ETE UL TOD UDC E 122 CONFigure LTE UL TDD SPSC lt Configuration gt This command selects the special subframe configuration for LTE uplink signals
25. gt ALLoc RBCount on page 124 Offset RB Sets the resource block at which the PUSCH allocation begins Make sure not to allocate PUSCH allocations into regions reserved for PUCCH alloca tions Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc RBOFfset on page 124 5 7 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics The uplink advanced signal characteristics contain settings that describe the detailed structure of a uplink LTE signal You can find the advanced signal characteristics in the Demod Settings dialog box Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics 5 7 1 Configuring the Demodulation Reference Signal The demodulation reference signal settings contain settings that define the physical attributes and structure of the demodulation reference signal This reference signal helps to demodulate the PUSCH The demodulation reference signal settings are part of the Uplink Adv Sig Config tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box UL Demod UL Frame Config EUM META TIT UL PRACH Config Demodulation Reference Signal Sequence 3GPP Rel Power PUSCH 0 dB Rel Power PUCCH 0 dB Group Hopping Sequence Hopping Delta Sequence Shift 0 n_DMRS 0 ee EE 62 Relative Power PUSCH BE 62 Relative Power PUCCH enhn nnn nennen en nnns ene s ese se sas a sas asa sas dada dad 62 Gup HODPIN Le EE 63 Seguente HOPPING D 63 Delta SEQUENCE EEN 63 A 63 Sequence Selects the definition t
26. m gt 1 n Example CALC DELT2 MAX Positions delta marker 2 on the trace peak Usage Event CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt MINimum PEAK This command positions a delta marker on the minimum value of the trace Suffix lt m gt 1 n Example CALC DELT2 MIN Positions delta marker 2 on the trace minimum Usage Event CALCulate lt n gt DELTamarker lt m gt STATe State This command turns delta markers on and off Suffix m 1 Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example CALC DELT3 ON Turns on delta marker 3 CALCulate lt n gt DELTamarker lt m gt TRACe Trace This command positions a delta marker on a particular trace Suffix m 1 Parameters Trace 11213 Number of the trace you want the delta marker positioned on 8 15 5 Measurement Result Analysis CALCulate lt n gt DELTamarker lt m gt X Position This command positions a delta marker on a particular coordinate on the x axis If necessary the command first turns on the delta marker Suffix lt m gt 1 Parameters lt Position gt Numeric value that defines the delta marker position on the x axis Default unit The unit depends on the result display Example CALC DELT2 X 1GHZ Positions delta marker 2 on the frequency of 1 GHz CALCulate lt n gt DELTamarker lt m gt Y This command queries the position of a delta marker on the y axis
27. or one reference symbol and at least one data symbol Pilot and Payload need to be available on the subcarrier the EVM is to be measured For PUSCH PUCCH and PRACH regions these conditions are normally fulfilled because the DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal is already included However the SRS may also be located on subcarriers which do not occupy any other reference symbols see figure 3 2 EUTRA LTE SC FDMA Timeplan SC FDMA Symbols 5 6 7 8 i 1 1 Li zd 1 LEES 1 es 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 imel m l Time ms j UE SRS UE2 PUCCH Region us ES Fig 3 2 No EVM can be measured for the SRS In this case it is not reasonable to calculate an EVM and no SRS EVM value will be displayed for the corresponding subframe SRS EVM Calculation If the SRS subcarriers contain two DMRS symbols or one DMRS and one PUSCH for Pilot and Payload channel estimation range the SRS EVM can be measured see figure 3 3 EUTRA LTE SC FDMA Timeplan SC FDMA Symbols et 8 1 101 102 103 14 we we 167 108 109 Time ms IS SRS UE2 PUCCH Region us E First Subframe 10 No Of Subframes pr Fig 3 3 The EVM of the complete SRS can be measured The SRS allocation might cover subcarriers which partly fulfill the conditions mentioned above and partly do not In this case the EVM value given in the Allocation Summary will be calculated based only on the subcarr
28. patterns and 30 sequence shift pat terns It is generated by a pseudo random sequence generator If on PUSCH and PUCCH use the same group hopping pattern Remote command CONFigure LTE UL DRS GRPHopping on page 126 Sequence Hopping Turns sequence hopping for the uplink demodulation reference signal on and off Sequence hopping is generated by a pseudo random sequence generator Remote command CONFigure LTE UL DRS SEQHopping on page 127 Delta Sequence Shift Defines the delta sequence shift Ass The standard defines a sequence shift pattern f for the PUCCH The corresponding sequence shift pattern for the PUSCH is a function of f PUCCH and the delta sequence shift For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 1 3 Group Hopping Remote command CONFigure LTE UL DRS DSSHift on page 126 n 1 _ DMRS The n_DMRS parameter can be found in 3GPP TS36 211 V8 5 0 5 5 2 1 1 Reference signal sequence Currently n DMRS is defined as n DMRS npwrs Npurs Remote command CONFigure LTE UL DRS NDMRs on page 126 5 7 2 Configuring the Sounding Reference Signal The sounding reference signal settings contain settings that define the physical attrib utes and structure of the sounding reference signal Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics The sounding reference signal settings are part of the Uplink Adv Sig Config tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box UL Demod UL Frame Conf
29. the mechanical attenuation whenever possible This command is available with option R amp S FSV B25 but not if R amp S FSV B17 is active Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example INP EATT AUTO ON Turns automatic selection of electronic attenuation level on SENSe POWer AUTO lt instrument gt STATe lt State gt This command initiates a measurement that determines the ideal reference level Parameters lt State gt OFF Performs no automatic reference level detection ON Performs an automatic reference level detection before each measurement ONCE Performs an automatic reference level once RST ON Example POW AUTO2 ON Activate auto level for analyzer number 2 SENSe POWer AUTO lt instrument gt TIME Time This command defines the track time for the auto level process 8 7 3 General Settings Parameters lt Time gt lt numeric value gt RST 100 ms Default unit s Example POW AUTO TIME 200ms An auto level track time of 200 ms gets set Configuring the Data Capture SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNE conconciicnianirccnnnrar ttt teinte tette tente ttt rra 111 ISENSeILTEIERAMe COUNEAUTO tnter tette tette tns 111 SENSe L TE FRAMe COUNCESTATe cette tette tente tette teta 111 E EE ug LTE 112 SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt lt Subframes gt This command sets the number of frames you want to analyze Parameters lt Subframes gt lt numeric value gt
30. the sampling rate for a digital UO signal source Trigger Configuration Parameters lt SampleRate gt RST 10 MHz Default unit Hz Example INP DIQ SRAT 10MHZ Defines a sampling rate of 10 MHz INPut lt n gt DIQ RANGe UPPer lt ScaleLevel gt This command defines the full scale level for a digital UO signal source Parameters lt ScaleLevel gt RST 1V Default unit V Example INP DIQ RANG 0 7 Sets the full scale level to 0 7 V 8 9 Trigger Configuration TRIGger SEQuence HOL Dot instrument coin 114 TRIGger SEQuence IEPowerHOLbDoft tette lada 114 TRIGger SEQuence IFPower HYSTeresis essere ener 115 TRIGger SEQuenceJ LEVel instrument POWer essent 115 TRIGSer SEQUENCE MODE EE 115 TRIGger SEQuence HOLDoff lt instrument gt Offset This command defines the trigger offset Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt RST Os Default unit s Example TRIG HOLD 5MS Sets the trigger offset to 5 ms TRIGger SEQuence IFPower HOLDoff lt Offset gt This command defines the holding time before the next trigger event Note that this command is available for any trigger source not just IF Power Parameters lt Offset gt Range 150 ns to 10s RST 150 ns Default unit s Example TRIG IFP HOLD 1 Defines a holdoff of 1 second 8 10 Spectrum Measurements TRIGger SEQuence IFPower HYSTeresis lt Hysteresis gt This
31. the unit is missing the com mand uses the basic unit Example with unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ without unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1E9 would also set a frequency of 1 GHz 8 2 6 2 Introduction Values exceeding the resolution of the instrument are rounded up or down If the number you have entered is not supported e g in case of discrete steps the command returns an error Instead of a number you can also set numeric values with a text parameter in special cases e MIN MAX Defines the minimum or maximum numeric value that is supported e DEF Defines the default value e UP DOWN Increases or decreases the numeric value by one step The step size depends on the setting In some cases you can customize the step size with a corresponding command Querying numeric values When you query numeric values the system returns a number In case of physical quantities it applies the basic unit e g Hz in case of frequencies The number of dig its after the decimal point depends on the type of numeric value Example Setting SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ Query SENSe FREQuency CENTer would return 1E9 In some cases numeric values may be returned as text e INF NINF Infinity or negative infinity Represents the numeric values 9 9E37 or 9 9E37 e NAN Not a number Represents the numeric value 9 91E37 NAN is returned in case of errors Boolean Boolean par
32. to UO measurements It requires l Q data Example INIT REFR The application updates the IQ results Usage Event Numeric Result Query SENSe SYNC STATe This command queries the current synchronization state Return values lt State gt The string contains the following information A zero represents a failure and a one represents a successful synchronization Example SYNC STAT Would return e g 1 for successful synchronization Usage Query only 8 5 Numeric Result Query PET CHG EE 90 al H ET 90 FETCRPEC Hp T TR 90 FETCh SUMMary CRESI AVERage orriari teet eir iere zd ace ER oic EEN 91 FETCh GSUMMary EVMEALEL E MAXIIUI T 1 2321 caua orn unu Peru NEEN EE EE 91 FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MINimum eeeeseseeeeneeneren nennen nennen nene sn nnns 91 FETCh SUMMary EVMI ALLE AVERage 2 iii icri iiec EEEEREEAEEEERER REENEN NEE 91 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum i naa aa aaa hne nennen 91 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MINimum eese nennen nnne 91 FETGCh SUMMary EVM PChannelpAVERAage atate ia tetra tote eher ttes 91 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXIILUm iioii ia riori td ree ena co EET aaia 91 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnalMINitmutri uu coto riui tinte kenn nua san 91 FE TCh SUMMarv EVM P lGnall AVERagel nene EN FETCh SUMMary EVM SDOPLAVERAgel ccoo 92 FETCH SUMMary EVIM SDS TPAVE RAG os coccion iia 92 FETCh SUMMary EVM UCCD AVE
33. via the SAVE RECALL key The corresponding menu offers full functionality for saving restoring and managing the files on the R amp S FSV The save recall menu is the same as that of the spectrum mode For details on the softkeys and handling of this file manager refer to the operating manual of the R amp S FSV 8 1 Remote Commands Overview of Remote Command Suffixes e Overview of Remote Command Suffixes eene 81 e MOM Hor EE 82 e Measurement Selection iocur nin eaa EE XXE ETE CREER LE EXER RA niece 86 Measurement E EE 88 e Numeric Result QUGLEV ez crrti nece erreicht iii 89 Measurement eseu Eed ce dug v daa 96 e General le EE 106 e Advanced Settings hbri rd aceras 112 e Trigger CONIO ncn a tilda 114 e Spectrum Measuremoenifs E 115 e Signal Demodulalloli beo rere rrr x eo den EH RR SERRE Un 119 e Frame Oonfiguretlonm TT 122 e Advanced Signal Characteristics 522 ccce ettet ett cc da et 125 LEM o eub cd 133 e Measurement Result Analyse 135 Te UL ET 144 Overview of Remote Command Suffixes This chapter provides an overview of all suffixes used for remote commands in the LTE application Suffix Description lt allocation gt Selects an allocation lt analyzer gt No effect lt antenna gt Selects an antenna for MIMO measurements lt cluster gt Selects a cluster uplink only lt cwnu
34. y axis If necessary the command activates the marker first To get a valid result you have to perform a complete measurement with synchroniza tion to the end of the measurement before reading out the result This is only possible for single sweeps Suffix lt m gt 1 Example INIT CONT OFF Switches to single measurement mode CALC MARK2 ON Switches marker 2 INIT WAI Starts a measurement and waits for the end CALC MARK2 Y Outputs the measured value of marker 2 Usage Query only Using Delta Markers CAL Culate lt n gt DELTamarkerem gt AOF Fo ooocccnccnncccooonnncccnncnonnnncoonnnnonnnnnnnnnnncononnnonnnnnnannnnnnns 140 CALCulate n DELTamarker m MAXimum PEAK esses 141 CALCulate n MARKer m MlNimum P EAK cessisse nennen nennt 141 CALCulate lt n gt DELTamarkerem gt STA Tel nennen tnnt rn inan 141 CALCulatesi gt DEL Tamarker lt ms TRACE EE 141 CAL Gulate lt n gt DEL Tamarka eMe ik conocia tail 142 GALGulat lt n gt DEL Tamarker lt me2 ia cccceescccsccuescosdeactes aa a a a EELE a 142 CALCulate lt n gt DELTamarker lt m gt AOFF This command turns all delta markers off Suffix lt m gt 1 Measurement Result Analysis Example CALC DELT AOFF Turns off all delta markers Usage Event CALCulate lt n gt DELTamarker lt m gt MAXimum PEAK This command positions a marker on the peak value of the trace Suffix lt
35. 1 2 Scaling the Y AXIS ion cevsastece ce cascsieeesscceseesescectieesasecteeeeesses 76 USING MarkerS lt lt lt o iii iia 76 File Manage MENE 79 File Manag ele ici aiii tada 79 SAVE RECALL Key 2 1 ett nitent hne EXE PER RR RER HERR HERR coiueausersnccaushiteccuuetdGotenaneuaieans 80 Remote el M 81 Overview of Remote Command Suffixes essent 81 Intro Oe PEERS 82 Conventions used in Descripoiions nemen nnne 82 Long and Short POM iet recent la race ra eet a e ce decade 83 NUMETICSUMIXOS canosa aiaa eoe dde a deet 83 Optional Keywords an ert er tees SEENEN 83 Altemative Keywords cities riti D dz rn dd eel aie 84 Ee Al 84 Measurement Selection ccccseccecseceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeseeeesneeeeeeeeeeseaeeeeeeeeesseeseeeneeeneas 86 Measurement Exe Cutionis icc ccssccccccessscecseeseserecenssieceecerenscescncanedereeensndenteesnsucceseseevecerses 88 Numeric Result Query cono acia 89 Measurement Result Ouer nac nnn cnn 96 Using the TRACe DATA Command osason 96 Reading Results tae A a eee 104 ET Es LIE d e CAPA Ie EERXXRR RI UR RRRRRUSRNRRRRRRR RE RRR ARR MER RRRR 106 Defining Signal Characteristics 106 Contiguring the Input Level e d e e eti t e bo n e o ae 108 Configuring Kr HEH TEE 111 Advanced Sein CT 112 Controlling VQ Me EE 112 Controlling fu Te LEET 113 Configuring the Digital VO Input ot td A das 1
36. 13 Trigger CONTIG AAA 114 Spectrum Measurements cccccecceeeceeeeeeceeceeeeeeeeseeeeeaseaeeeseeeeeeeeeseeeseesneeseeeeeeeeeeees 115 Signal DemodulatiON ococonncconnnccnnnecnnnnneccnnnnnnn nr rare 119 Configuring bo HERE 119 Compensating Measurement Errors eene 121 8 12 8 12 1 8 12 2 8 12 3 8 13 8 13 1 8 13 2 8 13 3 8 13 4 8 13 5 8 14 8 15 8 15 1 8 15 2 8 15 3 8 15 4 8 15 5 8 16 Frame Configuration crees ii ia daras 122 Configuring TDD Gionals nn nn arc nnnn cnn narran rana naar 122 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Jdenttv e 123 Configuring Gubtrames conan rn n iea eiaeiiai n aiaiai 124 Advanced Signal Characteristics eese nennen 125 Configuring the Demodulation Reference ona 126 Configuring the Sounding Reference Signal 127 Defining the PUSCH Structure eene 130 Defining the PUCCH Structure 131 Defining Global Signal Characertsiice ee 133 PRACH Struct toe iere eise a Ra Dex EES Rao IRR RE Ria a atda 133 Measurement Result Analysis esee nnne nnne nennt 135 Selecting Displayed Data nennen 136 Selecting UNS viii geegent 137 Using Markers scree data 138 Using Delta Markers nataan nnns 140 Scaling the Vertical Diagram Avis 142 Software Configuration iere ii 144 List of COUN E 145 sae ee 149 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Introduction
37. 3 Cell Identity Group CONFigure LTE UL PLC CIDGroup on page 123 Identity CONFigure LTE UL PLC PLID on page 123 Configuring Subframes An LTE frame consists of 10 subframes Each individual subframe may have a differ ent resource block configuration This configuration is shown in the Subframe Configu ration Table The application supports two ways to determine the characteristics of each subframe e Automatic demodulation of the channel configuration and detection of the subframe characteristics In case of automatic demodulation the contents of the table are determined according to the signal currently evaluated For more information see Auto Demodulation on page 55 e Custom configuration of the configuration of each subframe Remote command Conf subframes CONFigure LTE UL CSUBframes on page 124 Frame number offset A frame number offset is also available The frame number offset assigns a number to the demodulated frame in order to identify it in a series of transmitted and captured frames Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SFNO on page 124 e Individual Subitame Configuration isc EEN ads 60 Individual Subframe Configuration The Subframe Configuration Table contains the characteristics for each subframe The software supports a maximum uplink LTE frame size of 10 subframes The sub frame number in the table depends on the number of Configurable Subframes that you have de
38. ANnel2 lt Bandwidth gt This command defines the channel bandwidth of the second TX channel in ACLR measurements Before you can use the command you have to select two TX channels for the ACLR measurement with SENSe POWer ACHannel TXCHannels COUNt on page 117 Note that you have to add a suffix with the value 2 at the CHANnel syntax element Parameters lt Bandwidth gt Bandwidth of the second TX channel in Hz Supported LTE bandwidths are listed in the description of CONFigure LTE UL BW on page 107 Example POW ACH TXCH COUN 2 POW ACH BAND CHAN2 BW15 00 Defines a bandwidth of 15 MHz for the second TX channel SENSe POWer ACHannel SPACing CHANnel lt Distance gt This command defines the distance between the first and the second TX channel for ACLR measurements Before you can use the command you have to select two TX channels for the ACLR measurement with SENSe POWer ACHannel TXCHannels COUNt on page 117 Parameters Distance Distance from the center of the first TX channel to the center of the second TX channel in Hz Example POW ACH TXCH COUN 2 POW ACH SPAC CHAN 10MHZ Defines a channel spacing of 10 MHz SENSe POWer ACHannel TXCHannels COUNt lt T XChannels gt This command selects the number of transmission TX channels in ACLR measure ments Parameters lt TXChannels gt Number of transmission channels 1 One TX channel is analyzed in ACLR measurements 2 Two TX chann
39. EAK This command positions a marker on the peak value of the trace Suffix lt m gt 1 n Example CALC MARK2 MAX Positions marker 2 on the trace peak Usage Event CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt MINimum PEAK This command positions a marker on the minimum value of the trace Suffix lt m gt 1 n Example CALC MARK MIN Positions marker 1 on the trace minimum Usage Event CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt STATe State This command turns markers on and off Suffix m 1 Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example CALC MARK3 ON Turns on marker 3 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt TRACe Trace This command positions the marker on a particular trace If necessary the command turns on the marker first Suffix m 1 Parameters Trace 11213 Number of the trace you want the marker positioned on CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt X Position This command positions a marker on a particular coordinate on the x axis 8 15 4 Measurement Result Analysis If necessary the command first turns on the marker Suffix lt m gt 1 Parameters lt Position gt Numeric value that defines the marker position on the x axis Default unit The unit depends on the result display Example CALC MARK X 1GHZ Moves the marker to the frequency of 1 GHz CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt Y This command queries the position of a marker on the
40. F UL DRS POW 2 Sets the relative power of the PUSCH to 2 dB CONFigure LTE UL DRS SEQHopping lt State gt This command turns sequence hopping for uplink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF UL DRS SEQH ON Activates sequence hopping 8 13 2 Configuring the Sounding Reference Signal CONFigure ETE UL SAS BHOP acosan A ene cta ftn 127 CONFigure TELUL SASIBSRAS circa ds aos 127 GONFEIGquUreLTE UL e 128 GONFigure TEEBULISRSIO YS retur tra epp EE etta dd a 128 GONFigurepETEERUESRSIORG EE 128 CONFigure L TEEULESSRS NRRQG iia idera co cct nce stan coin ava aec eee aC NENNEN 128 CONFigurel TE UL SASIPROWeR ianiai giaa Seege ope tace iore e e Pages 129 CONFigureDETEEFULESRSISTAT aiti ettet uoo tete reu tra tpe aga epo tete betreten 129 E Les HIERT Dee DE 129 GONElqurelETEUL SRS TROOD cuida 129 CONFigure LTE UL SRS BHOP lt Bandwidth gt This command defines the frequency hopping bandwidth De Parameters lt Bandwidth gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS BHOP 1 Sets the frequency hopping bandwidth to 1 CONFigure LTE UL SRS BSRS lt Bandwidth gt This command defines the bandwidth of the SRS Bags Advanced Signal Characteristics Parameters lt Bandwidth gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS BSRS 1 Sets the SRS bandwidth to 1 CONFigure LTE UL SRS CSRS lt Configuration gt This
41. ITiate REFRESH comica A SEANCE dE Eder 88 INIiTiate I MMediate orti eter eret eee mirate nde ci meret Utere ab tec Ute eset te ovt 88 INPUESEL MC 113 INPut n AT Tenuationsinstrumente er rer een rete nennen rcr n ed i e EX den 109 INPuten DIORANGeUPP EE 114 lee Dee Re NEE rei De EAT RE INPutehs EATTAUTO ioci Neeser Gia deena ies sacs a a Eed See INPut lt n gt EATT STATe MMEMory LOAD DEMoOdSEttINO comicas 144 MMEMOry RE E 116 TRAGEAQ elle NEE 113 TRACE DATA RE 104 TRIGger SEQuence HOLbboffsinstr mente usi roit te rir tr th rdi ia 114 TRIGger SEQuence FEPower HOLDoOft riter rre ri ihr rrr ri rcr EE dee TRIGger SEQuence IFPower HYSTeresis TRIGger SEQuencel LEVel lt instrumenmt gt POW Classes iiti entia et rele ER Ea ts ERE BR 115 TRIGger SEQuence MOBDE intente rer rer Fer epe er dna ex i RE n ra FREE DR Fe oce PE P Eeer 115 UNIT BS TR e 138 Ij np e M 138 Index A PG E Allocation summary s Auto Bee UE e EE Auto Detection Cell Identity sse 59 B Bit Steam cie s ce A Metodo docens 39 C Capture DOTTER cea m rre tace dide Capture Time ciet Adi ade cado Carrier aggregation pap c I re Cell Identity Group Channel Bandwidth Channel Estimation Range a
42. L PRAC RSET ON Turns the restricted set on CONFigure LTE UL PRACh SINDex lt Index gt This command selects the PRACH sequence index Parameters lt Index gt lt IndexValue gt Number that defines the index manually AUTO Automatcailly determines the index Example CONF UL PRAC SIND 2 Selects sequence index 2 Measurement Result Analysis e selecting Displayed Data eei a bs 136 e Selecting H e tree ia 137 SEET eene eene eR A tata das 138 e Using Delta E EE 140 e Scaling the Vertical Diagram AXIS oie idas 142 Measurement Result Analysis 8 15 1 Selecting Displayed Data SENSEJELTEFALLocaliomSELSCL cool 136 SENSe EETEEGCARRIGESELa6l iiri ia ip bp 136 SENSA ETE MODUA ON SELECT cea eee e ai p e nada 136 SENSe EETEESUBFtEame SELgel 2 n rico aa AANER 137 SENSeIEETEESYMBOESELBGL comarca 137 SENSe LTE ALLocation SELect lt Allocation gt This command filters the displayed results in the constellation diagram by a particular type of allocation Parameters lt Allocation gt ALL Shows the results for all allocations lt numeric_value gt Shows the results for a particular allocation type Allocation types are mapped to numeric values For the code assignment see chapter 8 6 1 17 Return Value Codes on page 103 RST ALL Example ALL SEL 2 Shows the results for PDSCH allocation 2 SENSe LTE CARRier SELect lt Carrier gt This command filters
43. Lect on page 137 Carrier SENSe LTE CARRier SELect on page 136 Scaling the Y Axis In the Y Axis tab of the Measurement Settings dialog box you can set various parameters that affect some result displays Selection Units Misc Y Axis Screen B EVM Ys Carrier Auto Scaling Fixed Scaling Per Division 2 Offset 0 VERME id ad 76 Y Axis Scale The y axis scaling determines the vertical resolution of the measurement results The scaling you select always applies to the currently active screen and the corresponding result display Usually the best way to view the results is if they fit ideally in the diagram area in order to view the complete trace This is the way the application scales the y axis if you have turned on automatic scaling But it may become necessary to see a more detailed version of the results In that case turn on fixed scaling for the y axis Fixed scaling becomes available when you turn off automatic scaling For a fixed scaling define the distance between two grid lines scaling per division and the point of origin of the y axis the offset Remote command Automatic scaling DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe AUTO on page 143 Manual scaling DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale OFFSet on page 143 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale PERDiv on page 143 Using Markers The firmware application provides marker functionality to work with You can use
44. MMary IQOFfset AVERage This command queries the UO offset Return values QOffset numeric value Minimum maximum or average UO offset depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dB Example FETC SUMM IQOF Returns the current IQ offset in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary OSTP MAXimum FETCh SUMMary OSTP MINimum Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary POWer MAXimum FETCh SUMMary POWer MINimum FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage This command queries the total power Numeric Result Query Return values lt Power gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average power depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dBm Example FETC SUMM POW Returns the total power in dBm Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MINimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage This command queries the quadrature error Return values lt QuadError gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average quadrature error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit deg Example FETC SUMM QUAD Returns the current mean quadrature error in degrees Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary RSTP MAXimum FETCh SUMMary RSTP MINimum Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary SERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage This command queries the sampling error Return values lt SamplingError gt lt numeric val
45. Ng number of samples in cyclic prefix guard interval Ns number of Nyquist samples Nix number of allocated subcarriers Nu noise sample n index of modulated QAM symbol before DFT pre coding common phase error fj received sample in the time domain 3 2 3 3 Overview R uncompensated received sample in the frequency domain foi equalized received symbols of measurement path after IDFT T duration of the useful part of an SC FDMA symbol Tg duration of the guard interval Ts total duration of SC FDMA symbol Overview The digital signal processing DSP involves several stages until the software can pres ent results like the EVM Data Capture izati Synchronization EM E UTRA LTE uplink Channel estimation equalization measurement application Analysis The contents of this chapter are structered like the DSP The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application The block diagram in figure 3 1 shows the general structure of the LTE uplink mea surement application from the capture buffer containing the UO data up to the actual analysis block After synchronization a fully compensated signal is produced in the reference path purple which is subsequently passed to the equalizer An IDFT of the equalized sym bols yields observations for the QAM transmit symbols a from which the data esti mates are obtained via hard decision Likewise a user defined compensation as well as equalization i
46. ONFigure LTE UL PUSCh FHOP IIHB lt HBInfo gt This command defines the information in hopping bits of the PUSCH Parameters lt HBInfo gt lt numeric value gt Range 0 to 3 RST 0 Example CONF UL PUSC FHOP IIHB 1 Defines type 1 as the information in hopping bits CONFigure LTE UL PUSCh NOSM lt NofSubbands gt This command defines the number of subbands M of the PUSCH Advanced Signal Characteristics Parameters lt NofSubbands gt lt numeric value gt RST 4 Example CONF UL PUSC NOSM 2 Sets the number of subbands to 2 8 13 4 Defining the PUCCH Structure CONFigure TE ULsPUC ChzDEORISCU x22 ato attin e gd EAR EEN 131 CONFigurel LTEUL PUCCHIDESIM E 131 CONFIqure LTEFULPUCCOAFO Maturana 131 CONFigure L TEEUL PUGCGDR NTQS 1r ato roe A de 132 GONFigureEETEERULPUCO NARB 2 2 2 ute orar a Repeat tete Ee 132 GERS E TEE UL PUCCGENORB seed dauert angue ia dee 132 REI Le DEE Ee eebe E 133 CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh DEOFfset lt Offset gt This command defines the delta offset of the PUCCH Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt Range 0 to 2 RST 0 Example CONF UL PUCC DEOF 2 Sets the delta offset to 2 CONFigure L TE UL PUCCh DESHift Shift This command defines the delta shift of the PUCCH Parameters Shift numeric value Range 1 to 3 RST 2 Example CONF UL PUCC DESH 3 Sets the del
47. P Release 8 core specifications This introduction focuses on LTE EUTRA technology In the following the terms LTE or EUTRA are used interchangeably In the context of the LTE study item 3GPP work first focused on the definition of requirements e g targets for data rate capacity spectrum efficiency and latency Also commercial aspects such as costs for installing and operating the network were considered Based on these requirements technical concepts for the air interface transmission schemes and protocols were studied Notably LTE uses new multiple access schemes on the air interface orthogonal frequency division multiple access OFDMA in downlink and single carrier frequency division multiple access SC FDMA in uplink Furthermore MIMO antenna schemes form an essential part of LTE In an attempt to simplify protocol architecture LTE brings some major changes to the exist ing UMTS protocol concepts Impact on the overall network architecture including the core network is being investigated in the context of 3GPP system architecture evolu tion SAE e Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolutton 7 e Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Gcheme AA 9 Iii 15 EE 13 Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution LTE is focusing on optimum support of packet switched PS services Main require ments for the design of an LTE system are documented in 3GPP TR 25 913 1 and can be summarized as follows User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 7
48. PAR gei ee UI RN NR Gu Hl ET GONFigurer E TELUL PUSCh FHOEISSL 3i tir e id ca GONFigureELTEEUL PUSCHh FHOP IEB ion ti ette pr tn rene rr en n rent tenes GONFigureEETEEUL PUSGCHh NOSM iiir herren th rp ca eei rhetor tcn CONFigure E TEDULDISENO tama ti oett For eer a eec iei re mare nt cipue n RS cR Dice n te ES ee UI RR EE BH OP EE CONFigure LTE UL SRS BSRS CONFigure L TETUL SRS CSRS ue reegt Fee Etre En Steen ii idas ES e UI RR EE de gl ee UI RN RRE CONFigurel TEN UL SRSINRRA Cisco eege eege GONFigureELTEEUL SRS POWer 2 rn tht rrr rre n rre re a a CSIO rri recedere A NEO t iere eege 129 CONFigure LTE UL SRS SUConfig 129 GONFigureELTEEUL SRS Done rn rtr rrt en rtg cate ten retine torn 129 CONFigure L TE UL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc CONT carinii niaii ennnn nnne 125 CONFigure L TE UL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc MODulation esee 125 CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc POWer essent 125 COhNFourel LTE UL GUBtrame subtframez ALL ochRbBCount nennen 124 CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt s bframe gt ALLoc RBOFfS6ftis siririna 124 CONFigur l LTE UL TOD SPS EE GONFig re r E TEEULTDD IBDGOHT ctos eie petu ront rebns redet aE SE gees CONFigure KR TEL VEND c ciu trt rr rr ee nr eee tr cr rir reed rn aa BISPlayEWINDowETRACe Y SCALe ALJ TO etr tnr ttr aeter rn ees DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale OFFS
49. POWerSENUSERTIe E 118 SENSE SWEerEGATO AUTO uu ome a nae eh a 118 MMEMory LOAD SEMsettings lt FileName gt This command loads a custom SEM file To evaluate the custom SEM use the SENSe POWer SEM USERfile command For more information on how to create custom SEM files please refer to the R amp S FSV User Manual Parameters lt FileName gt String containing the file name of the SEM Example MMEM LOAD SEM CustomSEM Loads the SEM called CustomSEM SENSe FREQuency SPAN Span This command defines the frequency span Available for ACLR and SEM measurements Parameters Span Frequency span in Hz Example FREQ SPAN 20MHZ Defines a span of 20 MHz SENSe POWer ACHannel AACHannel Channel This command selects the assumed adjacent channel carrier for ACLR measurements Parameters Channel EUTRA Selects an EUTRA signal of the same bandwidth like the TX channel as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA128 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 1 28MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA384 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 3 84MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA768 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 7 68MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier RST EUTRA Spectrum Measurements Example POW ACH AACH UTRA384 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 3 84MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier SENSe POWer ACHannel BANDwidth CH
50. Parameters lt Configuration gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL TDD SPSC 2 Selects special subframe configuration 2 CONFigure LTE UL TDD UDConf lt Configuration gt This command selects the UL DL TDD subframe configuration for uplink signals Frame Configuration Parameters lt Configuration gt Range 0 to 6 RST 0 Example CONF UL TDD UDC 4 Selects allocation configuration number 4 8 12 2 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity CONFiguine EI EEN uri adi ENEE 123 CONFigure E TEEUL PEG CIDGEOUD 2 222 22 2 iii 123 CONFigure L TE UL PLC ET E 123 CONFigure LTE UL PLC CID lt Cellld gt This command defines the cell ID Parameters lt Cellld gt AUTO Automatically defines the cell ID lt numeric value gt Number of the cell ID Range 0 to 503 CONFigure LTE UL PLC CIDGroup lt GroupNumber gt This command selects the cell identity group for uplink signals Parameters lt GroupNumber gt Range 1 to 167 RST 0 Example CONF UL PLCI CIDG 12 Selects cell identity group 12 This command selects the physical layer identity for uplink signals Parameters lt Identity gt AUTO Automatic selection 0 2 Manual selection RST AUTO Example CONF DL PLC PLID 2 Sets the physical layer identity to 2 CONF DL PLC PLID AUTO Physical layer ID is selected automatically Frame Configuration 8 12 3 Configuring Subframes GONF
51. R amp S9FSV K10x LTE Uplink LTE Uplink Measurement Application User Manual Ry o Bg Captar Ti De r Dy ng Set Je EU uy 1173 1433 02 04 Test amp Measurement ROHDE amp SCHWARZ User Manual This manual describes the following firmware applications e R amp S FSV K101 EUTRA LTE FDD Uplink Measurement Application 1310 9100 02 e R amp S FSV K105 EUTRA LTE TDD Uplink Measurement Application 1310 9780 02 This manual is applicable for the following analyzer models with firmware version 2 0 and higher e R amp SGFSV 3 1307 9002K03 e R amp SGFSV 7 1307 9002K07 e R amp S FSV 13 1307 9002K13 e R amp SGFSV 30 1307 9002K30 e R amp S FSV 40 1307 9002K40 2014 Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG M hldorfstr 15 81671 M nchen Germany Phone 49 89 41 29 0 Fax 49 89 41 29 12 164 E mail info rohde schwarz com Internet www rohde schwarz com Subject to change Data without tolerance limits is not binding R amp S is a registered trademark of Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG Trade names are trademarks of the owners The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual R amp S9FSV is abbreviated as R amp S FSV 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 4 1 2 5 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 2 3 4 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 4 1 4 4 2 4 5 4 6 Contents INTOdUC UNI si 7 Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution
52. Rage corno non nn 92 FETCh SUMMary EVMUCOHLAVERaAOS tier aere deemed li 93 FEICh SUMMary EVMEUSOQP AVERage 2 id cette dies ipee eee aras 93 FETCh SUMMary EVMEUSST AVERage 2 1 ttr etn ir hene bet rer ER en neri 93 FEICh SUNMaty FERRON MAXIMU ast uae etaed o A tton te cec e a 93 FEICh SUMMary FERRoOFMIMNIUEY 1i occi oreet erai iaa 93 FETGhHSUMMary FERRoOI AVERage 2r et tr rat EES ES 93 FE TCh SUMMarv GlM alance MA Ximum eese eene eene nnns ntn tn nnne 94 FETCh SUMMarny GIMBalance M NIRYIRS actora oed rettet ee tetto rentes 94 FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage ccn dicio eoe teu eee ie 94 FETCh SUMMary IGOFIseEMPAOCIIUI cosa its 94 FETCh SUMMarny JOOFISSEMINIREI cuca 94 FETCh SUMMarytlGOFfsetPAVERage cu ioc iore dune ER acu cv aae 94 FETGh SUMMarny MAXIMUM cicer ebd ee capere AR 94 FETCh SUMMary OSTP MIMNimum e enean ranas 94 FETCRSUMMar POWE MAXIMUM ta adit care tert en relate nane ren ee etae en taa 94 FETCh SUMMary POWer MINIMUDT 55 2 2 2c ii cd 94 FETOCh SUMMary POWerDAVERAdge cout 94 Numeric Result Query FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum seesssssssssssese esee nennen nennen nnne nenne nere reni 95 FEICh SUMMary QUADetrror MINIMUM 2a dod rna deci perro rara ean E ee 95 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage 2 2 rt erint re na aa Ea aca Pie ids 95 PER Here TE MAXIMUM aii 95 FETCH SUMMap RS PPM FRUI editrice toten ten eruta
53. SRS STAT ON Activates the sounding reference signal CONFigure L TE UL SRS SUConfig Configuration This command defines the SRS subframe configuration Parameters Configuration numeric value RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS SUC 4 Sets SRS subframe configuration to 4 CONFigure LTE UL SRS TRComb lt TransComb gt This command defines the transmission comb kc Parameters lt TransComb gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS TRC 1 Sets transmission comb to 1 Advanced Signal Characteristics 8 13 3 Defining the PUSCH Structure CONFigure E TE UL PUSCHFA gees E A E 130 CONFigure LTE J UL PUSCh FHOFfS t ococococococconococononananancnnnnnnn nana nana nanonenanenenencn a t insita 130 CONBEIqure NET eg Ge TEE 130 CONFig re L TEEULPUSCHPINOSM 2 cia entere ini 130 CONFigure L TE UL PUSCh FHMode lt HoppingMode gt This command selects the frequency hopping mode in the PUSCH structure Parameters lt HoppingMode gt NONE No hopping INTer Inter subframe hopping INTRa Intra subframe hopping RST NONE Example CONF UL PUSC FHM NONE Deactivates frequency hopping for the PUSCH CONFigure LTE UL PUSCh FHOFfset lt Offset gt This command defines the frequency hopping offset for the PUSCH Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt RST 4 Example CONF UL PUSC FHOF 5 Sets the hopping offset to 5 C
54. Stream For the Bit Stream result display the command returns five values and the bitstream for each line of the table lt subframe gt modulation 4 of symbols bits gt lt hexadecimal binary numbers gt All values have no unit The format of the bitstream depends on Bit Stream Format The lt modulation gt is encoded For the code assignment see chapter 8 6 1 17 Return Value Codes on page 103 For symbols or bits that are not transmitted the command returns e FF if the bit stream format is Symbols e 9 if the bit stream format is Bits For symbols or bits that could not be decoded because the number of layer exceeds the number of receive antennas the command returns e FE if the bit stream format is Symbols e 8 if the bit stream format is Bits Note that the data format of the return values is always ASCII User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 98 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Remote Commands Eh Bit Stream Sub Allocation Code Symbol ID 8 6 1 4 8 6 1 5 8 6 1 6 Example Modulation Bit Stream word Index 1 1 0 3 O O 03 00 oO OO O1 O2 O2 01 O2 O1 OO OO 2 01 00 03 01 02 01 o2 OO 01 OO 02 DO 00 03 TRAC DATA TRACE1 would return 0 40 0 2 0 03 01 02 03 03 00 00 00 O1 02 02 lt continues like this until the next data block starts or the end of data is reached gt 0 40 0 2 32 03 03 00 00 03 01 02 00 01 00 Capture Buffer For t
55. _PUCCH on subframe level RST 0 Example CONF UL PUCC NPAR 2 Sets N_PUCCH to 2 8 13 5 Defining Global Signal Characteristics CONFigure i TEPULIUBID coccion as 133 CONFigure LTE UL UEID ID Sets the radio network temporary identifier RNTI of the UE Parameters ID numeric value RST 0 Example CONF UL UEID 2 Sets the UE ID to 2 8 14 PRACH Structure EE Lee De SIE e EE 133 CONFigure E TEEBE PRAGRIQONF oiiire sienna eden chandedaisbanaateeseapuededescequavece sequen 134 CONFigure ETEEUEIPRACNSEOPESEL 212 222 oed id 134 GONFigure ETEEFULEPRAGPIERINGgX E 134 CONFigure L TE UL PRACh HFINdicator e eise caeci ceceeeee eene nnne nennen nh nhan 134 CONFigurerETEEUEPRAGCININOS ciar dates 134 CONFigure L TEEULE PRAGCHhIBRSEQ iore tec a need 135 CONFEldqurel ETE ET en H WEE 135 CONFiourel LTE UL PRACh SiNDex eee iii aiaiai nanain nsn sensns inna 135 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh APM State This command turns automatic preamble mapping for the PRACH on and off Parameters State ON OFF PRACH Structure Example CONF UL PRAC APM ON Turns automatic preamble mapping on CONFigure LTE UL PRACh CONF lt Configuration gt This command selects the PRACH preamble format Parameters lt Configuration gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL PRAC CONF 2 Selects PRACH configuration 2 CONFigure LTE UL PRAC
56. a marker to mark specific points on traces or to read out measurement results R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Analyzing Measurement Results B_EVM us Carrier 1 54 MHz div Fig 6 3 Example Marker The MKR key opens the corresponding submenu You can activate up to four markers with the Marker lt x gt softkeys The first marker is always a normal marker Markers 2 to 4 are delta marker by default The reference marker for the delta marker is marker 1 You can turn all delta markers into normal markers with the Marker Norm Delta soft key After pressing the Marker lt x gt softkey you can set the position of the marker in sev eral ways e Enter a frequency value in the marker input field e Move the marker with the rotary knob e Position the marker to the trace minimum or trace maximum with the Marker Max or Marker Min softkeys The current marker frequency and the corresponding level is displayed in the upper right corner of the trace display The Marker lt x gt softkey have three possible states e If the Marker lt x gt softkey is black the marker is off Marker 1 e After pressing the Marker lt x gt softkey it turns orange to indicate an open dialog box and the the marker is active The dialog box to specify the marker position on the frequency axis opens Marker 1 Li Marker Frequency e After closing the dialog box the Marker lt x gt softkey turns blue The mark
57. ad carriers are used Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod CESTimation on page 120 Compensate DC Offset Turns DC offset compensation when calculating measurement results on and off According to 3GPP TS 36 101 Annex F 4 the R amp S FSV removes the carrier leakage VQ origin offset from the evaluated signal before it calculates the EVM and in band emissions Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod CDCoffset on page 120 Scrambling of Coded Bits Turns the scrambling of coded bits for the PUSCH on and off The scrambling of coded bits affects the bitstream results Source ofbitstream results when Scrambling of coded bits is 0N 0FF unscrambled bits scrambled bits Scrambling codewords Modulation Fig 5 1 Source for bitstream results if scrambling for coded bits is on and off Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod CBSCrambling on page 119 Auto Demodulation Turns automatic demodulation on and off If active the R amp S FSV automatically detects the characteristics of each subframe in the signal resource allocation of the signal Configuring the Signal Demodulation Two methods of detection are supported e Subframe Configuration This method automatically determines the characteristics for each subframe as shown in the Subframe Configuration Table The table is populated accordingly e Subframe Configuration amp DMRS Auto Demodulation DMRS Auto Detection O
58. ah deed eens reno 95 FETCh SUMMary SERRot MAXImUtm 2 2 oce pa s ep cup ema EENS pea aia 95 FETCH SUMMary SERROR MINIMUM comia dani 95 FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage sss nennen tnter rena 95 FETCH SUMMaty TF RIMET unctione er pe ee gura ec tct aat e epa tat E teg AA 96 FETCh CYCPrefix This command queries the cyclic prefix type that has been detected Return values lt PrefixType gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet NORM Normal cyclic prefix length detected EXT Extended cyclic prefix length detected Example FETC CYCP Returns the current cyclic prefix length type Usage Query only FETCh PLC CIDGroup This command queries the cell identity group that has been detected Return values lt CidGroup gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet Range 0 to 167 Example FETC PLC CIDG Returns the current cell identity group Usage Query only FETCh PLC PLID This command queries the cell identity that has been detected Return values lt Identity gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet Range 0 to 2 Example FETC PLC PLID Returns the current cell identity Usage Query only Numeric Result Query FETCh SUMMary CRESt AVERage This command queries the average crest factor as shown in the result summary Return values lt CrestFactor gt lt numeric value gt Crest
59. ameters represent two states The ON state logically true is represen ted by ON or a numeric value 1 The OFF state logically untrue is represented by OFF or the numeric value 0 Querying boolean parameters When you query boolean parameters the system returns either the value 1 ON or the value 0 OFF Example Setting DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe ON Query DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe would return 1 8 2 6 3 8 2 6 4 8 2 6 5 8 3 Measurement Selection Character Data Character data follows the syntactic rules of keywords You can enter text using a short or a long form For more information see chapter 8 2 2 Long and Short Form on page 83 Querying text parameters When you query text parameters the system returns its short form Example Setting SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE NORMal Query SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE would return NORM Character Strings Strings are alphanumeric characters They have to be in straight quotation marks You can use a single quotation mark or a double quotation mark Example INSTRument DELete Spectrum Block Data Block data is a format which is suitable for the transmission of large amounts of data The ASCII character introduces the data block The next number indicates how many of the following digits describe the length of the data block In the example the 4 follow ing digits indicate the length to be
60. analyzing a particu lar subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum EVM found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing 8 6 1 11 8 6 1 12 8 6 1 13 8 6 1 14 Measurement Result Query EVM vs Subframe For the EVM vs Subframe result display the command returns one value for each sub frame that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 EVM vs Symbol For the EVM vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt EVM gt For measurements on a single subframe the command returns the symbols of that subframe only The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Frequency Error vs Symbol For the Frequency Error vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt frequency error gt The unit is always Hz The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Inband Emission For the Inband Emission result display the number and type of returns values depend on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns the relative resource block indices x axis values lt RB index gt The resource block index has no unit e TRACE2 Returns one value for each resource block index lt relative power gt The unit of the relative inband emission is
61. ary EVM SDQP AVERage This command queries the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with QPSK modula tion of the PUSCH Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM SDQP Returns the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with QPSK modulation Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM SDST AVERage This command queries the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with 16QAM modula tion of the PUSCH Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM SDST Returns the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with 16QAM modulation Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM UCCD AVERage This command queries the EVM of all DMRS resource elements of the PUCCH as shown in the result summary Return values lt EVM gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM UCCD Returns the average EVM of all DMRS resource elements Usage Query only Numeric Result Query FETCh SUMMary EVM UCCH AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements of the PUCCH as shown in the result summary Return values lt EVM gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM UCCH Returns the average EVM of all resource elements Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM USQP AVERage This query retur
62. command defines the SRS bandwidth configuration Cgps Parameters lt Configuration gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS CSRS 2 Sets the SRS bandwidth configuration to 2 CONFigure LTE UL SRS CYCS lt CyclicShift gt Sets the cyclic shift n_CS used for the generation of the sounding reference signal CAZAC sequence Parameters lt CyclicShift gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS CYCS 2 Sets the cyclic shift to 2 CONFigure LTE UL SRS ISRS lt Conflndex gt This command defines the SRS configuration index Isrs Parameters lt Conflndex gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS ISRS 1 Sets the configuration index to 1 CONFigure LTE UL SRS NRRC lt FreqDomPos gt Sets the UE specific parameter Freq Domain Position Ngre Parameters lt FreqDomPos gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS NRRC 1 Sets Ngre to 1 Advanced Signal Characteristics CONFigure LTE UL SRS POWer lt Power gt Defines the relative power of the sounding reference signal Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Default unit DB Example CONF UL SRS POW 1 2 Sets the power to 1 2 dB CONFigure L TE UL SRS STAT State Activates or deactivates the sounding reference signal Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF UL
63. command defines the trigger hysteresis Parameters lt Hysteresis gt Range 3 to 50 RST 3 Default unit dB Example TRIG IFP HYST 10 Defines a trigger hysteresis of 10 dB TRIGger SEQuence LEVel lt instrument gt POWer Level This command defines the trigger level for an IF power trigger Parameters Level Default unit DBM Example TRIG LEV POW 10 Defines a trigger level of 10 dBm TRIGger SEQuence MODE Source This command selects the trigger source Parameters Source EXTernal Selects external trigger source IFPower Selects the IF power trigger source IMMediate Selects free run trigger source PSEN Selects power sensor trigger source RFPower Selects RF power trigger source RST IMMediate Example TRIG MODE EXT Selects an external trigger source Spectrum Measurements MMEMoiy LOAD SEM SCHINGS cee cccdcetivtad eege edu aa 116 SENSe FREQuesnGcy S PAN cioe ii cy e EE ree kei a eo Ad 116 ISENZGel POWer ACHannel AACHannel neret eh enne nennen nnns 116 SENSe POWer ACHannel BANDwidth CHANnel2 isses nennen 117 ISENZGel POWer ACHannel GbACngCHAhNnel nennen nnn 117 Spectrum Measurements SENSe POWer ACHannel TXCHannels COUNt esses nennen nnne 117 SENSE POWE NC OREGON aiiai csc or et eene ido 118 SENSeEPOWer SEM UL REQuUiremelil 1 2 tet aaa aa aia NNE 118 SENSeJ
64. ctive Remote command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt AUTO on page 111 5 2 4 Triggering Measurements The trigger settings contain settings that control triggered measurements The trigger settings are part of the Trigger tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Advanced Spectrum Trigger Settings Trigger Mode Free Run Trigger Offset Os Auto Gating Trig Holdoff 150 ns Trig Hysteresis 3 dB Trigger Level 0 For more information also see Auto Gating in the Spectrum tab of the General Set tings dialog box Configuring the Tue te EE 47 Configuring the Trigger A trigger allows you to capture those parts of the signal that you are really interested in While the application runs freely and analyzes all signal data in its default state no matter if the signal contains information or not a trigger initiates a measurement only under certain circumstances the trigger event The application supports several trigger modes or sources e Free Run Starts the measurement immediately and measures continuously e External The trigger event is the level of an external trigger signal The measurement starts when this signal meets or exceeds a specified trigger level at the Ext Trigger Gate input e IF Power 5 3 Configuring Spectrum Measurements The trigger event is the IF power level The measurement starts when the IF power meets or exceeds a specified power trigger level e RF Powe
65. ctrum Emission Mask SEM and Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio ACLR measurements are the only frequency sweep measurements available for the LTE measurement application They do not use the l Q data all other measurements use Instead those measurements sweep the frequency spectrum every time you run a new measurement Therefore it is not possible to to run an l Q measurement and then view the results in the frequency sweep measurements and vice versa Also because each of the frequency sweep measurements uses different settings to obtain signal data it is not possible to run a frequency sweep measurement and view the results in another frequency sweep measurement Frequency sweep measurements are available if RF input is selected Available Measurements Spectrum Mask Starts the Spectrum Emission Mask SEM result display The Spectrum Emission Mask measurement shows the quality of the measured signal by comparing the power values in the frequency range near the carrier against a spec tral mask that is defined by the 3GPP specifications In this way you can test the per formance of the DUT and identify the emissions and their distance to the limit In the diagram the SEM is represented by a red line If any measured power levels are above that limit line the test fails If all power levels are inside the specified limits the test is passed The application labels the limit line to indicate whether the limit check has passed or failed T
66. d In order to obtain an OFDM demodulation via FFT of length Nee that is not corrupted by ISI a fine timing is estab lished which refines the coarse timing estimate A phase tracking based on the reference SC FDMA symbols is performed in the fre quency domain The corresponding tracking estimation block provides estimates for e therelative sampling frequency offset C e the residual carrier frequency offset Afres e the common phase error According to references 7 and 8 the uncompensated samples HR in the DFT pre coded domain can be stated as The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application E rh j2z No NGC PaNs N ggp A Tl il el ei s Nprr ell s N rrr Vos 3 Nu a za CPE SFO res CFO 3 1 with e the DFT precoded data symbol A on subcarrier k at SC FDMA symbol I e the channel transfer function H e the number of Nyquist samples Ns within the total duration Ts e the duration of the useful part of the SC FDMA symbol T Ts T e the independent and Gaussian distributed noise sample N Within one SC FDMA symbol both the CPE and the residual CFO cause the same phase rotation for each subcarrier while the rotation due to the SFO depends linearly on the subcarrier index A linear phase increase in symbol direction can be observed for the residual CFO as well as for the SFO The results of the tracking estimation block are used to compensate the samples H completely in the reference path and according to the use
67. d to use the suffix you have to include the optional keyword Otherwise the suffix of the missing keyword is assumed to be the value 1 Optional keywords are emphasized with square brackets Introduction Example Without a numeric suffix in the optional keyword SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as FREQuency CENTer With a numeric suffix in the optional keyword DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe DISPlay ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 1 no suffix DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 4 8 2 5 Alternative Keywords A vertical stroke indicates alternatives for a specific keyword You can use both key words to the same effect Example SENSe BANDwidth BWIDth RESolution In the short form without optional keywords BAND 1MHZ would have the same effect as BWID 1MHZ 8 2 6 SCPI Parameters Many commands feature one or more parameters If a command supports more than one parameter these are separated by a comma Example LAYout ADD WINDow Spectrum LEFT MTABle Parameters may have different forms of values e Numere VAS iii edita rn ee oes b d rea AA e e ae vue a 84 e BOU aaa 85 Character Dala conca 86 e Character SUNG cem ceteri cete e aen e te A 86 e MOEDA SE 86 8 2 6 1 Numeric Values Numeric values can be entered in any form i e with sign decimal point or exponent In case of physical quantities you can also add the unit If
68. display CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC SEM Querying results TRACe DATA ACLR Starts the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio ACLR measurement User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 32 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays The ACLR measurement analyzes the power of one or two transmission channels and the power of the two neighboring channels adjacent channels to the left and right of the TX channels If you analyze two TX channels these have to be next to each other The distance between the two TX channels is variable and is defined as a TX offset The TX channels are labeled CO and CuO in the diagram In case of two TX channels the lower adjacent channels cl1 and cl2 are to the left of the first TX channel The upper adjacent channels cu1 and cu2 are to the right of the second TX channel The x axis represents the frequency with a frequency span that relates to the specified EUTRA LTE channel and adjacent channel bandwidths On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm By default the ACLR settings are based on the selected LTE Channel Bandwidth You can change the assumed adjacent channel carrier type and the Noise Correction SWT 500 00 ms 2 93 MHz div 1014 63 MHz The power for the TX channel is an absolute value in dBm The power of the adjacent channels are values relative to the power of the TX channel In case of two TX channels the power of the adjacent channels to the left of the TX channels
69. e power of the lower adjacent channel in dB lt UpperAdjChannelPower gt is the relative power of the upper adjacent channel in dB e lt 1stLowerAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of the first lower alternate channel in dB lt 1stUpperAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of the first lower alternate channel in dB lt nthLowerAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of a subse quent lower alternate channel in dB lt nthUpperAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of a subse quent lower alternate channel in dB Example CALC1 MARK FUNC POW RES Returns the current ACLR measurement results Usage Query only General Settings e Defining Signal Characteristics eene nente rentre tennis 106 e Configuring the Input Level eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenen enne nnne nnn niens nnns 108 e Configuring the Data Caplure cene na rt cd rl zd vc 111 Defining Signal Characteristics CONFigure L TEEDUPBLEGXIng aerei tocar rent nnt Een eek ER decid cha in paa tn ae 106 CONFigureDETEEEDIREDDORL rct x et ee NEE 107 GONFig re E TEEUIBW 222 tr Literie aaa 107 GONFigureDETEEUL ee GE 107 CONFigure E TEP ULINORB erei iioii ripe ton chute iii 108 SENSE FREQUENCY TEE 108 CONFigure LTE DUPLexing lt Duplexing gt This command selects the duplexing mode General Settings Parameters lt Duplexing gt TDD Time division duplex FDD Frequency division d
70. eEETEEFULDRS IDSSPI t ieu ore da 126 CONFiourel LTE UL DRS GhRbHopping nne emen 126 CON Figure PETE WUL DRS NDMRS ct rante certet rire EEN 126 GONFig re L TEEUE DERS PUGCGCHh POWhRrE 2 2 2 1 tri ecco e le 126 GONFigure ETEEFUEDRSEPUSGChEPONMrt antra ue aeaa EE ux RR RR tn 127 CONFigure L TE UL DRS SEQHopping essere nennen 127 CONFigure LTE UL DRS DSSHift Shift This command selects the delta sequence shift of the uplink signal Parameters Shift numeric value RST 0 Example CONF UL DRS DSSH 3 Sets the delta sequence shift to 3 CONFigure LTE UL DRS GRPHopping lt State gt This command turns group hopping for uplink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF UL DRS GRPHopping ON Activates group hopping CONFigure LTE UL DRS NDMRs lt nDMRS gt This command defines the Dous Parameters lt nDMRS gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL DRS NDMR 0 Selects nous 0 CONFigure LTE UL DRS PUCCh POWer lt Power gt This command sets the relative power of the PUCCH Parameters lt Power gt RST 0 Default unit DB Example CONF UL DRS PUCC POW 2 Sets the power of the PUCCH to 2 dB Advanced Signal Characteristics CONFigure LTE UL DRS PUSCh POWer lt Power gt This command sets the relative power of the PUSCH Parameters lt Power gt RST 0 Default unit DB Example CON
71. ed f tt da dco tein 112 SENSe SWAPiq State This command turns a swap of the and Q branches on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example SWAP ON Turns a swap of the and Q branches on 8 8 2 8 8 3 Advanced Settings Controlling the Input For information on the remote commands for reference level and attenuation settings see chapter 8 7 2 Configuring the Input Level on page 108 EO RE 113 TRACI FIL Ter NR 113 INPut SELect lt Source gt This command selects the signal source Parameters lt Source gt RF Selects the RF input as the signal source AIQ Selects the analog baseband input as the data source This source is available only with option R amp S FSV B71 DIQ Selects the digital baseband input as the data source This source is available only with option R amp S FSV B17 Example INP DIQ Selects the digital baseband input TRACe IQ FILTer FLATness lt FilterType gt This command turns the wideband filter on and off Parameters lt FilterType gt NORMal Uses the normal filter WIDE Turns the wideband filter on RST NORMal Example TRAC 1Q FILT FLAT WIDE Turns the wideband filter on Configuring the Digital UO Input INPUT DIO SRA KEE 113 INPut lt n gt DIQ RANGe Uppert 114 INPut lt n gt DIQ SRATe lt SampleRate gt This command defines
72. elect specific parts of the signal you want to analyze SUDIVANMES Selecto EE 73 Subframe Selection Selects a particular subframe whose results the application displays You can select a particular subframe for the following measurements Result Summary EVM vs Carrier EVM vs Symbol EVM vs Symbol x Carrier Inband Emission Channel Flatness Spectrum Flatness SRS Channel Group Delay Spec trum Flatness Difference Power vs Symbol x Carrier Constellation Diagram DFT Pre coded Constellation Allocation Summary Bit Stream and Time Alignment If All is selected either the results from all subframes are displayed at once or a statistic is cal culated over all analyzed subframes Selecting All either displays the results over all subframes or calculates a statistic over all subframes that have been analyzed R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Analyzing Measurement Results Example Subframe selection If you select all subframes All the application shows three traces One trace shows the subframe with the minimum level characteristics the second trace shows the sub frame with the maximum level characteristics and the third subframe shows the aver aged level characteristics of all subframes P TAD E 7 hee eee Oe E NE T Ree e VE SL EE ett dar eT Fait A Y Lom LA dolo ah DA V wu Nil with EX e PK peak value e AV average value e MI minimum value If you select a specific subframe the application shows
73. els are analyzed in ACLR measurements Spectrum Measurements Example POW ACH TXCH COUN 2 Selects two TX channels for the ACLR measurement SENSe POWer NCORrection lt State gt This command turns noise correction for ACLR measurements on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example POW NCOR ON Activates noise correction SENSe POWer SEM UL REQuirement Requirement This command selects the requirements for a spectrum emission mask Parameters Requirement GEN NS3 N84 NS67 GEN General spectrum emission mask NS3 NS4 NS67 Spectrum emission masks with additional requirements Example POW SEM UL REQ NS3 Selects a spectrum emission mask with requirement for network signalled value NS3 SENSe POWer SEM USERfile State This command turns the evaluation of a custom Spectrum Emission Mask SEM on and off Before you can use this command you have to load a custom SEM file with MMEMory LOAD SEMsettings Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example MMEM LOAD SEM CustomSEM POW SEM USER ON Loads and evaluates the SEM called CustomSEM SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO lt State gt This command turns auto gating for SEM and ACLR measurements on and off This command is available for TDD measurements in combination with an external or IF power trigger 8 11 8 11 1 Signal Demodulation Parameters lt State gt ON Evalua
74. em sampling rate FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage on page 95 UO Offset Shows the power at spectral line 0 normalized to the total transmitted power FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage on page 94 UO Gain Imbalance Shows the logarithm of the gain ratio of the Q channel to the I channel FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage on page 94 UO Quadrature Error Shows the measure of the phase angle between Q channel and I channel deviating from the ideal 90 degrees FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage on page 95 Power Shows the average time domain power of the allocated resource blocks of the analyzed signal FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage on page 94 Crest Factor Shows the peak to average power ratio of captured signal FETCh SUMMary CRESt AVERage on page 91 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays 4 2 Measuring the Power Over Time This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the power of a signal over time Capture EE 27 Capture Buffer The Capture Buffer result display shows the complete range of captured data for the last data capture The x axis represents time The maximum value of the x axis is equal to the Capture Time The y axis represents the amplitude of the captured UO data in dBm for RF input A Capture Memory dBm Ref 20 dBm AttvEl 0 00 0 00 dB CW 2 0 ms div Fig 4 1 Capture buffer without zoom The header of the diagram shows the refer
75. ence level the mechanical and electrical attenuation and the trace mode The green bar at the bottom of the diagram represents the frame that is currently ana lyzed A blue vertical line at the beginning of the green bar in the Capture Buffer display rep resents the subframe start Additionally the diagram contains the Start Offset value This value is the time difference between the subframe start and capture buffer start When you zoom into the diagram you will see that the bar may be interrupted at cer tain positions Each small bar indicates the useful parts of the OFDM symbol E User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 27 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays A Capture Memory dBm Ref 20 dBm AttvEl 0 00 0 00 dB 6 6 ms 0 0 ms div Fig 4 2 Capture buffer after a zoom has been applied Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED PVT CBUF Querying results TRACe DATA Querying the subframe start offset FETCh SUMMa r y TFRame on page 96 4 3 Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the error vector mag nitude EVM of a signal The EVM is one of the most important indicators for the quality of a signal For more information on EVM calculation methods refer to chapter 3 Measurement Basics on page 17 A A A A 28 EVM VS Res m 29 TR E 30 EVM vs Carrier Sta
76. ennen eren 117 SENSe POWer ACHanne l SPACing CHANnel ertet tr nter rnt nnn ner nna 117 SENSe POWer ACHannel TXCHannels COUNT c ciccvscccccacsarsessscersessccaesaceastescsnessecuecassateadtenarbecsseaesatenseeaes 117 SENSE POWE AU TOSINStrUMENt ANIME E 110 SENSe POWer AUTO lt insttumentESTATE cio oir aia 110 SENSe POWer NCORrection SENSe POWer SEM UL REQuirement TE SR E SENSeE SWEGp EGATOG AU TO ouvir rod eege 118 SENSe RS ll ON 112 SENSE ES NEESTA TO Pomar A ete tes reg ed rete trs ca ttp dup ee ete 89 SENSe L TET AbLocation SE Lect oorr rrr ert reete rre Naaien 136 SENSe LTE CARRier SELect m SENSeIEETEEERAMe COUNL iecit treten rtp Cen oe dE SENSeIEETEEERAMS COUNEALITO E 111 SENSe LTE FRAME COUNGGTATe nennen tens enn tens nan nc cnn nen sse ANDi ENAT inttr nnne 111 SENSe E TEE MODulati n SEL6eCL tenerent ert cene ten erii 136 SENSe ETE SUBFrame SELGCl usara saca rre Here t Eco rper Peces 137 E SC IERT GE ente hace sect eni mer dec tem est e nicae e Deed ences SENSe LTE UL DEMod ACON SENSel EETEEUE DEMod CBSGrarmiblirig m acero ooh oet eee Etre tm ccce ees 119 SENSe ETELUE DEMOQO CDGOOFfSOL ctt nero ior geesde nio eege eege 120 SENSe ETEEULE DEMOGd CES Timation i cott rtp certe tere npn eges C neto vae ae 120 SENSe LTE UL DEMod MCFilter SENSE ETE DEMONIC Bera SENSe ETEEUL DEMDOGd SIS ees te rrt nere veter gente t
77. er use the R amp S Support softkey to export useful informa tion for troubleshooting The R amp S FSV stores the information in a number of files that are located in the R amp S FSV directory C R_S Instr user LTE Support If you contact Rohde amp Schwarz to get help on a certain problem send these files to the sup port in order to identify and solve the problem faster Symbols and Variables 3 Measurement Basics This chapter provides background information on the measurements and result dis plays available with the LTE Analysis Software e Symbols and Varmables oincion rita dra dE EEN 17 e TEE 18 e The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Applicatton 18 e SRS EVM Calculatpon E 22 3 1 Symbols and Variables The following chapters use various symbols and variables in the equations that the measurements are based on The table below explains these symbols for a better understanding of the measurement principles ET data symbol actual decided Auk data symbol after DFT precoding Af Af esata carrier frequency offset between transmitter and receiver actual coarse estimate Al residual carrier frequency offset relative sampling frequency offset HA A ik channel transfer function actual estimate i time index Teoarse Mine timing estimate coarse fine k subcarrier index SC FDMA symbol index Nps number of SC FDMA data symbols Nert length of FFT
78. er stays active User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 77 Using Markers Pressing the Marker lt x gt softkey again deactivates the marker You can also turn off the marker by pressing the All Marker Off softkey If you d like to see the area of the spectrum around the marker in more detail you can use the Marker Zoom function Press the Marker Zoom softkey to open a dialog box in which you can specify the zoom factor The maximum possible zoom factor depends on the result display The Unzoom softkey cancels the marker zoom Note that the zoom function is not available for all result displays If you have more than one active trace it is possible to assign the marker to a specific trace Press the Marker gt Trace softkey in the marker to menu and specify the trace in the corresponding dialog box SCPI commands See chapter 8 15 4 Using Delta Markers on page 140 File Manager 7 File Management e File Manada 79 e SAVE REOADE KOY aiii etr o ee ette A eed A pede ndun 80 7 1 File Manager The root menu of the application includes a File Manager with limited functions for quick access to file management functionality Loading a Frame Setup The frame setup or frame description describes the complete modulation structure of the signal such as bandwidth modulation etc The frame setup is stored as an XML file XML files are very commonly used to describe hierarchical structures in an easy to read format f
79. essee tennessee nan ncrnn nan nncncnannns 57 5 6 Configuring Uplink Frames ccccccecseecceseseeeeeeseeeeeesenseeeeeeenseeeeeesneneeneesenseesneneneneeenees 57 5 6 1 Configuring TDD Signals cece ee enteeee eset nennen nennen ennemis 57 5 6 2 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity ssssn m 59 563 Gonfiguring ere 60 5 7 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics eeseeeeeennn 61 5 7 1 Configuring the Demodulation Reference Gional nn 62 5 7 2 Configuring the Sounding Reference Gong 63 5 7 3 Defining the PUSCH Structure sssssssssssssee eene 66 5 7 4 Defining the PUCCH Structure eene eene nnns 68 5 7 5 Defining Global Signal Characheristice nc nnnnnnncccnnns 70 5 8 Defining the PRACH Structure eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eene nennen nnne nenne 70 6 Analyzing Measurement Results eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeennne 73 6 1 Selecting a Particular Signal ASpPCCt ocoonnnniciinn mins 73 6 2 Defining Measurement Units eese eene nr cnn cren rra 74 6 3 Defining Various Measurement Parameters eene 74 6 4 Selecting the Contents of a Constellation Diagram eee 75 User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 4 6 5 6 6 7 1 7 2 8 1 8 2 8 2 1 8 2 2 8 2 3 8 2 4 8 2 5 8 2 6 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 6 1 8 6 2 8 7 8 7 1 8 7 2 8 7 3 8 8 8 8 1 8 8 2 8 8 3 8 9 8 10 8 11 8 11 1 8 1
80. et DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale PERDiv essent DISPlayEWINDow lt SR JSELEct coro Rita REENERT DISPlay WINDow n TRACe t Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet essent 109 FET epesderdp v 90 FETEMPEC CIDO OU Pri EDEN 90 FETCH PEC PLID EE 90 FETCRh SUMMary CRESI AVERagel ui Add 91 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHann l MAXIMUM coria ir cia st 91 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MINIMUMO oir ci eno e pe Errata ro una eta Fraga 91 FETCRh SUMMary EVM PChHannel AVER ge otro e tnr rn nr tenen en pas 91 FETCN SUMMary EVM PSIGNALMAXiMUM scsi ri eek redeo enr RO ed RI SER eg deed 91 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGral MINIMUM nuce o epo rette route rk ene e pe trata rona exo Fera 91 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage FETCh SUMMary EVM SDQP AVERSgO Picas geed eg a 92 FETCh SUMMary EVM SDST AVERage ecran rete rine enar rerit et caera 92 FETCRh SUMMary EVM UGCDY AVERGB0S6 citt te t nr pe enne er e n 92 FETGCh SUMMary EVM IUCGH AVERAage caca taret tht eet epo t ret RE ed Fe Ek E nts eu ee epe beet OY RR SR 93 ee NBT El ER Ee RS E KEE 93 FETGCRh SUMMary EVM USST AVERage etr rere A en AAA ene gea 93 FETCh SUMMary EVMEAELETEMAXImUI sesiis a a reru EK rro ee CERE RE d 91 FETCh SUMMary EVMEALLTEMINIrDU ine rp ie eo rn torret ennt tr rene peer ranae beoe 91 FETCRh SUMMary EVMEALE AVERage nic ntt nere rrt tenentes 91
81. f resource blocks assigned to the current PDSCH allocation e Offset RB Shows the resource block offset of the allocation e Modulation Shows the modulation type e Power Shows the power of the allocation in dBm e EVM Shows the EVM of the allocation The unit depends on your selection Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT ASUM Querying results TRACe DATA Bit Stream Starts the Bit Stream result display This result display shows the demodulated data stream for each data allocation Depending on the Bit Stream Format the numbers represent either bits bit order or symbols symbol order Selecting symbol format shows the bit stream as symbols In that case the bits belong ing to one symbol are shown as hexadecimal numbers with two digits In the case of bit format each number represents one raw bit Symbols or bits that are not transmitted are represented by a If a symbol could not be decoded because the number of layers exceeds the number of receive antennas the application shows a sign B Bit Stream Sub Allocation e Modulation da Bit Stream 00 00 03 01 OO won n O0 01 0 02 OO O1 O2 o EE EA EA L HH HH HH HH ta The table contains the following information e Subframe Number of the subframe the bits belong to e Allocation ID Channel the bits belong to e Codeword Code word of the allocation User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 39 Measuri
82. fined or that have been detected in case of automatic demodulation Each row of the table represents one subframe SubName NUDO E 61 Enable PUCHA emiten re ei A de pee t a e f ebat 61 od gd oou HIERBEI IEEE HEN UI 61 Plumber of SB eer eror re apnd Dau va ea Te aen ER e Eeer 61 OSA BA c c nb ee th e ca a d 61 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Subframe Number Shows the number of a subframe Note that depending on the TDD configuration some subframes may not be available for editing The R amp S FSV labels those subframes not used Enable PUCCH Turns the PUCCH in the corresponding subframe on and off If you enable PUCCH the application automatically turns PUSCH off Modulation Number of RBs and Offset RB are unavailable for that subframe If you disable PUCCH the application automatically turns PUSCH on Modulation Number of RBs and Offset RB become available Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CONT on page 125 Modulation Selects the modulation scheme for the corresponding PUSCH allocation The modulation scheme is either QPSK 16QAM or 64QAM Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc MODulation on page 125 Number of RB Sets the number of resource blocks the PUSCH allocation covers The number of resource blocks defines the size or bandwidth of the PUSCH allocation Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt subframe
83. fmin to fmax RST 1 GHz Default unit Hz FREQ CENT 2GHZ Set the center frequency to 2 GHz Configuring the Input Level CONFloure POWer ENbeched IO cJnstrumentz cece ee eee eee aeaeaeaeaeaedeeeteeeeteeeeeneees 108 CONFigure POWer EXPected RF Anstrumentz cnn 109 DiSblavlfWiNDow nztTR ACectzvltSCALelbRlEVelOEtzGet nenene nener ereeererene 109 INbPutenz ATTenusation cJnstrumentz cece eee eeeeeeeeeteteeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesaeananaed 109 INPAS MR EE 109 ladies c URP STAT KEE 110 IP utens AT EEN EE 110 ISENZGel POWer ALUlTO AnstrumentztSTATel eene eene nennen nnne 110 ISBNSerPOWer AUTOsInstruments TIME 1 5 tcc teet aie adducts 110 CONFigure POWer EXPected IQ instrument lt RefLevel gt This command defines the reference level when the input source is baseband Parameters RefLevel Example numeric value Range 31 6 mV to 5 62V RST 1V Default unit V CONF POW EXP 102 3 61 Sets the baseband reference level used by analyzer 2 to 3 61 V General Settings CONFigure POWer EXPected RF lt instrument gt lt RefLevel gt This command defines the reference level when the input source is RF Parameters lt RefLevel gt RST 30 dBm Default unit DBM Example CONF POW EXP RF3 20 Sets the radio frequency reference level used by analyzer 3 to 20 dBm DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet lt Attenuation gt Th
84. for non realtime services e Multimedia broadcast multicast services MBMS MBMS shall be further enhanced and is then referred to as E MBMS e Costs Reduced CAPEX and OPEX including backhaul shall be achieved Costef fective migration from Release 6 UTRA radio interface and architecture shall be possible Reasonable system and terminal complexity cost and power consump tion shall be ensured All the interfaces specified shall be open for multivendor equipment interoperability e Mobility The system should be optimized for low mobile speed 0 to 15 km h but higher mobile speeds shall be supported as well including high speed train envi ronment as a special case e Spectrum allocation Operation in paired frequency division duplex FDD mode and unpaired spectrum time division duplex TDD mode is possible e Co existence Co existence in the same geographical area and co location with GERAN UTRAN shall be ensured Also co existence between operators in adja cent bands as well as cross border co existence is a requirement e Quality of Service End to end quality of service QoS shall be supported VoIP should be supported with at least as good radio and backhaul efficiency and latency as voice traffic over the UMTS circuit switched networks e Network synchronization Time synchronization of different network sites shall not be mandated User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 8 Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme 1 2
85. fset on page 130 Number of Subbands Defines the number of subbands reserved for PUSCH For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Physical Resources for the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUSCh NOSM on page 130 Info in Hopping Bits Defines the information available in the hopping bits according to the PDCCH DCI for mat 0 hopping bit definition The information in the hopping bits determines whether type 1 or type 2 hopping is used in the subframe and in case of type 1 additionally determines the exact hopping function to use 5 7 4 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics For more information on PUSCH frequency hopping refer to 3GPP TS36 213 Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUSCh FHOP TIHB on page 130 Defining the PUCCH Structure The PUCCH structure settings contain settings that describe the physical attributes and structure of the PUCCH The PUCCH structure is part of the Uplink Adv Sig Config tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box UL Demod UL Frame Config EUM META TIT UL PRACH Config PUCCH Structure Num of RB for PUCCH 0 Delta Shift 2 N 1 cs 6 N 2 RB 1 Format F1 normal H PUCCH D Noof RBS for PUCO A iii iii 68 BLA STA ae PP Em 68 DE M 69 Of im 69 a EE 69 CR Ee 69 No of RBs for PUCCH Defines the nu
86. h FOFFset Offset This command defines the PRACH frequency offset The command is available for preamble formats 0 to 3 Parameters lt Offset gt Resource block offset Example CONF UL PRAC FOFF 5 Defines a frequency offset of 5 resource blocks CONFigure LTE UL PRACh FRINdex lt FRINdex gt This command selects the PRACH frequency index Parameters lt FRINdex gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL PRAC FRIN 10 Selects the frequency index 10 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh HFINdicator lt HFINdicator gt This command defines the PRACH half frame indicator Parameters lt HFINdicator gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL PRAC HFIN 5 Selects half frame indicator 5 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh NCSC Configuration This command defines the Ncs configuration for the PRACH Parameters lt Configuration gt lt numeric value gt 8 15 Measurement Result Analysis Example CONF UL PRAC NCSC 1 Selects Ncs configuration 1 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh RSEQ lt RootSeqldx gt This command defines the PRACH logical root sequence index Parameters lt RootSeqldx gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL PRAC RSEQ 2 Selects logical root sequence index 2 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh RSET lt State gt This command turns the restricted preamble set for PRACH on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF U
87. he Frame Configuration tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box UL Demod UL Adv Sig Config UL PRACH Config Physical Layer Cell Identity Cell ID 0 Cell Identity Group 0 Identity 0 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity eiie tette 59 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity The cell ID cell identity group and physical layer identity are interdependent parame ters In combination they are responsible for synchronization between network and user equipment The physical layer cell ID identifies a particular radio cell in the LTE network The cell identities are divided into 168 unique cell identity groups Each group consists of 3 physical layer identities According to A 1 2 a os Nie Nf N cell identity group 0 167 NO physical layer identity 0 2 there is a total of 504 different cell IDs If you change one of these three parameters the application automatically updates the other two The Cell ID determines the reference signal grouping hopping pattern the reference signal sequence hopping the PUSCH demodulation reference signal pseudo random sequence the cyclic shifts for PUCCH formats 1 1a 1b and sequences for PUCCH formats 2 2a 2b e the pseudo random sequence used for scrambling 5 6 3 5 6 3 1 Configuring Uplink Frames e the pseudo random sequence used for type 2 PUSCH frequency hopping Remote command Cell ID CONFigure LTE UL PLC CID on page 12
88. he table below shows the configuration parameters in an overview table Fig 1 2 Uplink Slot Structure 1 2 3 Uplink Data Transmission In uplink data is allocated in multiples of one resource block Uplink resource block size in the frequency domain is 12 sub carriers i e the same as in downlink However not all integer multiples are allowed in order to simplify the DFT design in uplink signal processing Only factors 2 3 and 5 are allowed The uplink transmission time interval TTI is 1 ms same as downlink User data is carried on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel PUSCH that is deter mined by the transmission bandwidth NTx and the frequency hopping pattern kO Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme The Physical Uplink Control Channel PUCCH carries uplink control information e g CQI reports and ACK NACK information related to data packets received in the down link The PUCCH is transmitted on a reserved frequency region in the uplink 1 2 4 Uplink Reference Signal Structure Uplink reference signals are used for two different purposes on the one hand they are used for channel estimation in the eNodeB receiver in order to demodulate control and data channels On the other hand the reference signals provide channel quality infor mation as a basis for scheduling decisions in the base station The latter purpose is also called channel sounding The uplink reference signals are based on CAZAC Constant Amplit
89. he Capture Buffer result display the command returns one value for each UO sample in the capture buffer lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 CCDF For the CCDF result display the type of return values depends on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns the probability values y axis lt of values gt lt probability gt The unit is always The first value that is returned is the number of the following values e TRACE2 Returns the corresponding power levels x axis lt of values gt lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The first value that is returned is the number of the following values Channel and Spectrum Flatness For the Channel Flatness result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt relative power gt The unit is always dB SSS User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 99 Measurement Result Query The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a par ticular subframe it returns nothing 8 6 1 7 Channel and Spectrum Flatness Difference For the Channel Flatness Difference result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt relative
90. he current measure ment results Note that the command only affects the result display selected with DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect Example DISP TRAC Y SCAL AUTO Scales the y axis of the selected result display Usage Event DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale OFFSet Origin This command defines the point of origin of the y axis and thus has an effect on the scale of the y axis Note that the command only affects the result display selected with DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect Parameters lt Origin gt Point of origin of the y axis The unit depends on the result display you want to scale Example See chapter 8 15 Measurement Result Analysis on page 135 DISPlay WINDow TRACe Y SCALe FIXScale PERDiv Distance This command defines the distance between two grid lines on the y axis and thus has an effect on the scale of the y axis Note that the command only affects the result display selected with DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect Parameters lt Distance gt The unit depends on the result display you want to scale Example See chapter 8 15 Measurement Result Analysis on page 135 Software Configuration 8 16 Software Configuration CONFIE PRESO ana cT 144 DISPlayEWINDow lt n SELeCt E 144 FORM d EE 144 MNMEMaory EOADIDEModSSSUfig ala eade Ext en ete ter c te ea Dna de Re 144 CONFigure PRESet Initiates a preset to the default state
91. he demodulation reference signal is based on 3GPP The structure of the DRS is based on the 3GPP standard If you are using a DRS based on 3GPP you have to set all parame ters in the Demodulation Reference Signal settings group They have to be the same as those of the signal generator Relative Power PUSCH Defines the power of the DMRS relative to the power level of the PUSCH allocation in the corresponding subframe Ppmrs offset The effective power level of the DMRS depends on the allocation of the subframe and is calculated as follows Pomrs Pue PruscH Ppuns ottset The relative power of the DMRS is applied to all subframes The power of the PUSCH Pprusch may be different in each subframe Remote command CONFigure LTE UL DRS PUSCh POWer on page 127 Relative Power PUCCH Defines the power of the DMRS relative to the power level of the PUCCH allocation in the corresponding subframe Ppmrs offset Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics The effective power level of the DMRS depends on the allocation of the subframe and is calculated as follows Pomrs Pue Prucch Pomrs_ofset The relative power of the DMRS is applied to all subframes The power of the PUCCH Ppucch may be different in each subframe Remote command CONFigure LTE UL DRS PUCCh POWer on page 126 Group Hopping Turns group hopping for the demodulation reference signal on and off The group hopping pattern is based on 17 hopping
92. he ideal span for the signal depends on the channel bandwidth that you have selected Alternatively you can define the span manually when you turn the Auto Span off When you define the span manually you can enter any number that is greater than the span that would be calculated automatically This mechanism makes sure that the span is not too small for the signal bandwidth and the complete signal is displayed Note that changing the span only takes effect when you start a new measurement after you have changed the span Remote command SENSe FREQuency SPAN on page 116 5 3 2 Configuring SEM Measurements The SEM settings are part of the Spectrum tab of the General Settings dialog box General Advanced Trigger Spectrum SEM Settings User SEM File SEM Requirement General USE zh EEN 50 SEM Regullemepil e eerte tne ex ex tura A A a 51 User SEM File Turns the evaluation of a custom Spectrum Emission Mask SEM on and off When you turn the feature on the application tests the signal against a custom SEM instead of the SEM that complies to the standard To use a custom SEM you have to design one in the Spectrum application and then import it in the LTE application with the Load SEM File softkey available in the File menu gt Press the MEAS key gt Press the File Manager softkey gt Press the Load SEM file softkey and select the required SEM from the file man ager gt Tur
93. he measured link direction On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 29 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays A EVM vs Symbol 10 Symbols div 139 Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVSY Querying results TRACe DATA EVM vs Subframe Starts the EVM vs Subframe result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM for each subframe You can use it as a debugging technique to identify a subframe whose EVM is too high The result is an average over all subcarriers and symbols of a specific subframe The x axis represents the subframes with the number of displayed subframes being 10 On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVSU Querying results TRACe DATA 4 4 Measuring the Spectrum This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the power of a signal in the frequency domain User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 30 4 4 1 4 4 1 1 Measuring the Spectrum In addition to the UO measurements spectrum measurements also include two fre quency sweep measurements the Spectrum Emission Mask and the Adjacent Chan nel Leakage Ratio e Frequency Sweep Measurement A 31 e HO HEET 34 Frequency Sweep Measurements The Spe
94. he way each subframe is used for uplink downlink or if it is a special subframe The standard specifies seven different configurations U uplink D downlink S special subframe Conf of Special Subframe In combination with the cyclic prefix the special subframes serve as guard periods for switches from uplink to downlink They contain three parts or fields e DwPTS The DwPTS is the downlink part of the special subframe It is used to transmit downlink data e GP The guard period makes sure that there are no overlaps of up and downlink sig nals during a switch e UpPTS The UpPTS is the uplink part of the special subframe It is used to transmit uplink data The length of the three fields is variable This results in several possible configurations of the special subframe The LTE standard defines 10 different configurations for the special subframe However configurations 8 and 9 only work for a normal cyclic prefix Configuring Uplink Frames If you select configurations 8 or 9 using an extended cyclic prefix or automatic detec tion of the cyclic prefix the application will show an error message Remote command Subframe CONFigure LTE UL TDD UDConf on page 122 Special subframe CONFigure LTE UL TDD SPSC on page 122 5 6 2 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity The physical signal characteristics contain settings to describe the phyiscal attributes of an LTE signal The physical settings are part of t
95. he x axis represents the frequency with a frequency span that relates to the specified EUTRA LTE channel bandwidths On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays 4 00 MHzidiv A table above the result display contains the numerical values for the limit check at each check point e Start Stop Freq Rel Shows the start and stop frequency of each section of the Spectrum Mask relative to the center frequency e RBW Shows the resolution bandwidth of each section of the Spectrum Mask e Freq at A to Limit Shows the absolute frequency whose power measurement being closest to the limit line for the corresponding frequency segment e Power Abs Shows the absolute measured power of the frequency whose power is closest to the limit The application evaluates this value for each frequency segment e Power Rel Shows the distance from the measured power to the limit line at the frequency whose power is closest to the limit The application evaluates this value for each frequency segment e Ato Limit Shows the minimal distance of the tolerance limit to the SEM trace for the corre sponding frequency segment Negative distances indicate the trace is below the tolerance limit positive distances indicate the trace is above the tolerance limit A Spectrum Emission Mask List Ref 26 2 dBm AE 0 00 0 00 dB Fe RB i el Start Freq Rel Remote command Selecting the result
96. hee ete c epe aee teg etu E SEET ed Ee EE ISENS ETEFUETRACGk O GE SENSe ETE UL TRACKING TIME eege ba ecc id tds CAL Culatesn gt DELTamarkersim gt AO EE CALCulate lt n gt DELTamarker lt m gt MAXimum PEAK CAL Culate sns DELTamatrkeremo TRAGO ciae reco trece heap rte eret rea dp ere dee pec pde ee a uds LEE ET E E Eil ue EE 142 CALCulate lt hn gt DELTamarkerM gt YP oeira enaa ES AE EEE ARE ASE E EEEE 142 CALGulate lt n gt DELTamarkersm gt S TATE licor rrt none treat rr tenen entes CAL GCulatestiz FEED iine ete trit rete criteri ina scu bre eid diate Luv ree epos aei Ded CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ACHanmnel RESult CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower AL Ternate RESult GALCulate n gt MARKer lt m gt ADFE sico ia aii CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURReNnt cana nananinno 105 CALCulate lt n MARKer lt sm gt MAXimum PEAK AA 139 CAL Culate nzMAhRkercmMiNimumfPEART A 139 CAL Culate nzMAhRkercmMiNimumfPEART A 141 Te EE E RA KE 139 GONFigure POWer EXPected lO instrumente cuerpo trennen rer nnn eher 108 GONFigure POWer EXPected RF instr merit n terrre aa n dtr e na idee 109 GONFigure PIS ESO abe mee ra divers Orc rici mde tcs ine es tired cataccausethannuaced cede e pi ia ron ve dM RE E 144 GONFigureELTELEDUPLexXing uice tnr te ri e ener etra et tr cr rene reed reden 106 CONFigure LTEJLDIRECHON coria prn tren nr Pp
97. iers which fulfill the above requirements see figure 3 4 EUTRA LTE SC FDMA Timeplan Included in the SRS EVM calculation 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Time ms E A SRS UE4 Fig 3 4 The EVM for parts of the SRS can be measured Numerical Results 4 Measurements and Result Displays The LTE measurement application features several measurements to examine and analyze different aspects of an LTE signal The source of the data that is processed is either a live signal or a previously recorded signal whose characteristics have been saved to a file For more information see Selecting the Input Source on page 53 For more information on the functionality to actually perform the measurement see chapter 5 1 Performing Measurements on page 41 e Numerical RESUMES conocida ias 24 e Measuring the Power Over TIME coman ia aaa stances 27 e Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM eem 28 Measuing THE SpBEWUl cioe icr i etn C eti eno ect ind eec anor tages 30 e Measuring the Symbol Constellaton en 36 E ele 38 4 1 Numerical Results Rosul SIMA E 24 Result Summary The Result Summary shows all relevant measurement results in numerical form com bined in one table gt Press the Display List Graph softkey so that the List element turns blue to view the Result Summary Remote command DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TABLe on page 87 Contents of the result summary R amp
98. ig UW META UL PRACH Config Sounding Reference Signal Present Sequence 3GPP Rel Power 0 dB SRS Subframe Conf 0 SRS BW B SRS 0 Freq Dmn Pos n RRC O SRS BW Conf C SRS 0 Transm Comb k TC 0 SRS Cyclic Shift N_CS 0 Conf Index I_SRS D Hopping BY b_hop 0 Se E 64 SRS E 64 SRS Subfraime COM EE 64 SRS Bandwidth E 65 Freq Domain Pos MORADO it aN sine Eden 65 SRS BW Conf C EE 65 Transit De ue TEE 65 SRS Cycle Shit NCS IPS 66 Gont Maex TEE 66 Hopping BW ee DE 66 Present Includes or excludes the sounding reference signal SRS from the test setup Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS STAT on page 129 SRS Rel Power Defines the power of the SRS relative to the power of the corresponding UE Psprs os set The effective power level of the SRS is calculated as follows Psns Pue Psns ottset The relative power of the SRS is applied to all subframes Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS POWer on page 129 SRS Subframe Conf Defines the subframe configuration of the SRS Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics The subframe configuration of the SRS is specific to a cell The UE sends a shortened PUCCH PUSCH in these subframes regardless of whether the UE is configured to send an SRS in the corresponding subframe or not Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS SUConfig on page 129 SRS Bandwidth B SRS Defines the parameter Bags Bsrs is a UE specific parameter that defines the bandwidth of
99. igher delay spread of the radio channel e Auto The application automatically detects the cyclic prefix mode in use Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CYCPrefix on page 107 Configuring the Input Level The level settings contain settings that control the input level of the analyzer The level settings are part of the General tab of the General Settings dialog box IESSE Advanced Trigger Spectrum Level Settings Ref Level RF Auto Level Y 10 dBm Ext Att 0 dB Defining a Reference level nde tee eri dii oaa ced ci e Pes eee 44 Attenuating tha SIMA cocoa E ERE E EENAA 45 Defining a Reference Level The reference level is the power level the analyzer expects at the RF input Keep in mind that the power level at the RF input is the peak envelope power in case of signals with a high crest factor like LTE Defining General Measurement Characteristics To get the best dynamic range you have to set the reference level as low as possible At the same time make sure that the maximum signal level does not exceed the refer ence level If it does it will overload the A D converter regardless of the signal power Measurement results may deteriorate e g EVM This applies especially for measure ments with more than one active channel near the one you are trying to measure 6 MHz Note that the signal level at the A D converter may be stronger than the level the appli cation displays depending on the current resolu
100. imisir rnin 55 Channel flatess onde donee tete ta 35 Channel flatness difference isisisi 36 Channel flatness group delay eeeseesssss 35 Compensate DG Offset sosirii eterne 55 Configurable Subframes 60 Configuration Table 60 Constellation diagram i 37 Constellation Selection ooconncccnnnncconnccconnnccccnoncccnoncncnnnnns 75 Conventions SCGPIcOmmalids ici 5 0 uth 82 D Demodulation reference signal sessssss 62 Demodulation Reference Signal Delta Seque rnce Shift niin rtr its 63 Group HOPPING io da 63 IN KIT 63 Relative Power PUCCH 62 Relative Power PUSCH 62 fO atascado pais 62 SEQUENCE ele BEE 63 DFT precoding constellation eeesseesses 37 Dialog Manket isis 77 M rker ZOOM sata ec lanas 78 Digital Input Data Rate eerte rent 53 E EVM VS Came nt iai ete e a aa 28 EVM vs subframe 90 EVM vs symbol 29 External Attenuation vicio 45 F Frame Number Onset t e iie i cct ee rte 60 Frequency m F l Seale Level eee ertt 54 H Header Table ocior retra ceo etae nescia eer eir senda 15 l Identity Physical Layer AA 59 Inband emission wee 34 Input Source DO et o E RETE 14 K Key MK ien deett ee 76 M Marker ZOOM acicate RE RAPERE 78 Measurement ACER C
101. iqurel EN ET TEE 124 eile rnsgzisi5i em 124 CONFigure L TE UL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc RBCount sees 124 CONFigure L TE UL SUBFrame subframe ALLoc RBOFfset eese 124 CONFigure L TE UL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc POWer eese 125 CONFigure L TE UL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLOoc CONT sees nennen 125 CONFiouret LTE UL SUBFrame subiramez AL LocMODulation eene 125 CONFigure LTE UL CSUBframes lt NofSubframes gt This command selects the number of configurable subframes in the uplink signal Parameters lt NofSubframes gt Range 1 to 10 RST 1 Example CONF UL CSUB 5 Sets the number of configurable subframes to 5 CONFigure LTE UL SFNO lt Offset gt This command defines the system frame number offset The application uses the offset to demodulate the frame Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SFNO 2 Selects frame number offset 2 CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc RBCount lt NofRBs gt This command selects the number of resource blocks in an uplink subframe Parameters lt NofRBs gt lt numeric value gt RST 11 Example CONF UL SUBF8 ALL RBC 8 Subframe 8 consists of 8 resource blocks CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc RBOFfset lt RBOffset gt This command defines the resource block offset in an uplink subframe Parameters lt RBOffset gt lt nume
102. is command selects the external attenuation or gain applied to the RF signal Parameters lt Attenuation gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Default unit dB Example DISP TRAC Y RLEV OFFS 10 Sets an external attenuation of 10 dB INPut lt n gt ATTenuation lt instrument gt lt Attenuation gt This command sets the RF attenuation level Parameters lt Attenuation gt lt numeric value gt RST 5 dB Default unit dB Example INP ATT 10 Defines an RF attenuation of 10 dB INPut lt n gt EATT lt Attenuation gt This command defines the electronic attenuation level If the current reference level is not compatible with an attenuation that has been set manually the command also adjusts the reference level This command is available with option R amp S FSV B25 but not if R amp S FSV B17 is active Parameters lt Attenuation gt Attenuation level in dB Default unit dB Example INP EATT 10 Defines an attenuation level of 10 dB General Settings INPut lt n gt EATT STATe lt State gt This command turns the electronic attenuator on and off This command is available with option R amp S FSV B25 but not if R amp S FSV B17 is active Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example INP EATT STAT ON Turns the electronic attenuator on INPut lt n gt EATT AUTO lt State gt This command turns automatic selection of the electronic attenuation on and off If on electronic attenuation reduces
103. ity Study for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM for UTRAN enhancement Release 6 3 3GPP TS 36 211 v8 3 0 Physical Channels and Modulation Release 8 4 3GPP TS 36 300 E UTRA and E UTRAN Overall Description Stage 2 Release 8 5 3GPP TS 22 978 All IP Network AIPN feasibility study Release 7 6 3GPP TS 25 213 Spreading and modulation FDD 7 Speth M Fechtel S Fock G and Meyr H Optimum Receiver Design for Wire less Broad Band Systems Using OFDM Part IEEE Trans on Commun Vol 47 1999 No 11 pp 1668 1677 8 Speth M Fechtel S Fock G and Meyr H Optimum Receiver Design for OFDM Based Broadband Transmission Part Il A Case Study IEEE Trans on Com mun Vol 49 2001 No 4 pp 571 578 Installing the Software 2 Welcome The EUTRA LTE measurement application makes use of the l Q capture functionality of the following spectrum and signal analyzers to enable EUTRA LTE TX measure ments conforming to the EUTRA specification e R amp S FSV This manual contains all information necessary to configure perform and analyze such measurements Installing the SOWING ion id ERR 14 e Application COvervlew erre 14 SUP POM E 16 2 1 Installing the Software For information on the installation procedure see the release notes of the R amp S FSV 2 2 Application Overview Starting the application Access the application via the Mode menu gt Press the MODE ke
104. lected random access channel the UE waits for the random access response message If no response is detected then another random access channel is selected and a preamble is sent again Uplink scheduling Scheduling of uplink resources is done by eNodeB The eNodeB assigns certain time frequency resources to the UEs and informs UEs about transmission formats to use Scheduling decisions affecting the uplink are communicated to the UEs via the Physi cal Downlink Control Channel PDCCH in the downlink The scheduling decisions may be based on QoS parameters UE buffer status uplink channel quality measurements UE capabilities UE measurement gaps etc Uplink link adaptation As uplink link adaptation methods transmission power control adaptive modulation and channel coding rate as well as adaptive transmission bandwidth can be used Uplink timing control Uplink timing control is needed to time align the transmissions from different UEs with the receiver window of the eNodeB The eNodeB sends the appropriate timing control commands to the UEs in the downlink commanding them to adapt their respective transmit timing Hybrid automatic repeat request ARQ The Uplink Hybrid ARQ protocol is already known from HSUPA The eNodeB has the capability to request retransmissions of incorrectly received data packets References 1 3 References 1 3GPP TS 25 913 Requirements for E UTRA and E UTRAN Release 7 2 3GPP TR 25 892 Feasibil
105. length of the on period from the TDD UL DL Alloca tions and the Configuration of the Special Subframe Note that the automatic cyclic prefix mode detection is not supported if you have turned on Auto Gating In that case you have to select the cyclic prefix mode manually Auto gating is available for TDD measurements in combination with an external or IF power trigger If you are using an external trigger the DUT has to send an LTE frame trigger Remote command SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO on page 118 Number of TX Channels Defines the number of transmission TX channels to include in ACLR or SEM meas urements Measurements on one or two TX channels are supported For measurements on two TX channels you can additionally define the bandwidth of the second TX channel and the distance between the two TX channels For the second TX channel you can select the bandwidths as defined by 3GPP For more information see Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks on page 43 Remote command SENSe POWer ACHannel BANDwidth CHANne12 on page 117 SENSe POWer ACHannel SPACing CHANnel on page 117 SENSe POWer ACHannel TXCHannels COUNt on page 117 Span Defines the frequency span that is displayed in the frequency sweep result displays SEM and ACLR Configuring Spectrum Measurements When the Auto Span is on the application automatically calculates the ideal span for the measured signal T
106. ling SENSe LTE UL DEMod CDCoffset State This command turns DC offset compensation for uplink signals on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST ON Example UL DEM CDC OFF Deactivates DC offset compensation SENSe LTE UL DEMod CESTimation lt Type gt This command selects the channel estimation type for uplink signals Parameters lt Type gt PIL PILPAY PIL Pilot only PILP Pilot and payload RST PILP Example UL DEM CEST PIL Uses only the pilot signal for channel estimation SENSe LTE UL DEMod MCFilter lt State gt This command turns suppression of interfering neighboring carriers on and off e g LTE WCDMA GSM etc Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example UL DEM MCF ON Turns suppression on of neighboring carriers on SENSe LTE UL DEMod MODE lt Reference gt This command selects the uplink analysis mode Signal Demodulation 8 11 2 Parameters lt Reference gt PUSCh Analyzes the PUSCH and PUCCH PRACh Analyzes the PRACH RST PUSCh Example UL DEM MODE PRAC Selects PRACH analysis mode SENSe LTE UL DEMod SISYnc State This command turns suppressed interference synchronization on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example UL DEM SISY ON Turns suppressed interference synchronization on SENSe LTE UL FORMat SCD lt State
107. log box Defining General Measurement Characteristics MIMO Advanced Trigger Spectrum _ Signal Characteristics Standard 3GPP LTE TDD Down D Frequency 1 8 GHz Channel Bandwidth 84 10 MHz Number of RB 50 FFT SizeN rer 1024 Sampling Rate 15 36 MHz Cyclic Prefix Auto Sselec ng the LTE lee E 43 Defining the Signal Ee VE e EE 43 Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks 43 eve EE 44 Selecting the LTE Mode The standard defines the LTE mode you are testing The choices you have depend on the set of options you have installed option FSx K100 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE FDD signals on the downlink option FSx K101 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE FDD signals on the uplink option FSx K102 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE MIMO signals on the downlink option FSx K104 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE TDD signals on the downlink option FSx K105 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE TDD signals on the uplink FDD and TDD are duplexing methods e FDD mode uses different frequencies for the uplink and the downlink e TDD mode uses the same frequency for the uplink and the downlink Downlink DL and Uplink UL describe the transmission path e Downlink is the transmission path from the base station to the user equipment The physical layer mode for the downlink is always OFDMA e Uplink is the transmission path from the user equipment to the base station The physical layer mode for the uplink is always SC FDMA Remote comma
108. log box General MIMO Spectrum IQ Settings Swap IQ Se E MEER 52 Swap UO Swaps the real I branch and the imaginary Q branch parts of the signal Remote command SENSe SWAPi q on page 112 5 4 2 Controlling the Input The input settings contain settings that control the input source The input settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Spectrum Input Settings Source RF Auto Level Y Auto Level Track Time 100 ms Ref Level 10 dBm RF Attenuation 10 dB 5 4 3 Defining Advanced Measurement Characteristics For more information on reference level see Defining a Reference Level on page 44 For more information on signal attenuation see Attenuating the Signal on page 45 Selecting the Input Source 53 Selecting the Input Source The input source selects the source of the data you d like to analyze You can either analyze a live signal or a signal that has been recorded previously and whose charac teristics have been saved to a file You can select the input source from the Source dropdown menu e RF Captures and analyzes the data from the RF input of the spectrum analyzer in use e Baseband BB Captures and analyzes the data from the baseband input of the spectrum analyzer in use e Digital UO Captures and analyzes the data from the digital baseband input of the spectrum analyzer in use The digital baseband input is available with op
109. lt n gt TABLe lt State gt This command turns the result summary on and off Parameters lt State gt ON Turns the result summary on and removes all graphical results from the screen OFF Turns the result summary off and restores the graphical results that were previously set Example DISP TABL OFF Turns the result summary off Measurement Execution 8 4 Measurement Execution Nipate CONTINUOUS 00 A EE 88 TREIE TEE 88 INITA REE EE 88 PSS eh SVS TAT s dace tr iratis a vae d e t enit 89 INITiate CONTinuous State This command controls the sweep mode Parameters State ON OFF ON Continuous sweep OFF Single sweep RST OFF Example INIT CONT OFF Switches the sequence to single sweep INIT CONT ON Switches the sequence to continuous sweep INITiate IMMediate This command initiates a new measurement sequence With a frame count gt 0 this means a restart of the corresponding number of measure ments In single sweep mode you can synchronize to the end of the measurement with OPC In continuous sweep mode synchronization to the end of the sweep is not possible Example INIT Initiates a new measurement Usage Event INITiate REFResh This command updates the current UO measurement results to reflect the current mea surement settings No new UO data is captured Thus measurement settings apply to the l Q data cur rently in the capture buffer The command applies exclusively
110. m gt Selects a codeword lt k gt Selects a limit line Irrelevant for the LTE application lt m gt Selects a marker Irrelevant for the LTE application lt n gt Selects a measurement window lt subframe gt Selects a subframe lt t gt Selects a trace Irrelevant for the LTE application R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Remote Commands 8 2 Introduction Commands are program messages that a controller e g a PC sends to the instru ment or software They operate its functions setting commands or events and request information query commands Some commands can only be used in one way others work in two ways setting and query If not indicated otherwise the com mands can be used for settings and queries The syntax of a SCPI command consists of a header and in most cases one or more parameters To use a command as a query you have to append a question mark after the last header element even if the command contains a parameter A header contains one or more keywords separated by a colon Header and parame ters are separated by a white space ASCII code 0 to 9 11 to 32 decimal e g blank If there is more than one parameter for a command these are separated by a comma from one another Only the most important characteristics that you need to know when working with SCPI commands are described here For a more complete description refer to the User Manual of the R amp S FSV Remote command e
111. mber of resource blocks reserved for PUCCH The resource blocks for PUCCH are always allocated at the edges of the LTE spec trum In case of an even number of PUCCH resource blocks half of the available PUCCH resource blocks is allocated on the lower the other half on the upper edge of the LTE spectrum outermost resource blocks In case of an odd number of PUCCH resource blocks the number of resource blocks on the lower edge is one resource block larger than the number of resource blocks on the upper edge of the LTE spectrum Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NORB on page 132 Delta Shift Defines the delta shift parameter The delta shift is the difference between two adjacent PUCCH resource indices with the same orthogonal cover sequence OC It determines the number of available sequences in a resource block that can be used for PUCCH formats 1 1a 1b Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics For more information refer to 3GPP TS36 211 chapter 5 4 Physical Uplink Control Channel Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh DESHift on page 131 N 1 _cs Defines the number of cyclic shifts used for PUCCH format 1 1a 1b in a resource block used for a combination of the formats 1 1a 1b and 2 2a 2b Only one resource block per slot can support a combination of the PUCCH formats 1 1a 1b and 2 2a 2b The number of cyclic shifts available for PUCCH format 2 2a 2b N 2 _cs in a block with combination of PUCCH
112. ments are used for load the estimation of the phase error Remote command SENSe LTE UL TRACking PHASe on page 121 Timing Specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compensated for timing error When timing compensation is used the measurement results will be compensa ted for timing error on a per symbol basis Remote command SENSe LTE UL TRACking TIME on page 122 Configuring Uplink Frames The frame configuration contains settings that define the structure of the uplink LTE signal You can find the frame structure in the Demod Settings dialog box Configuring TDD Signals The TDD settings define the characteristics of an LTE TDD signal Configuring Uplink Frames The TDD settings are part of the Frame Configuration tab of the Demodulation Set tings dialog box UL Demod UL Adv Sig Config UL PRACH Config __ TDD Configuration TDD UL DL Allocations Conf O DL S UL UL UL DL S UL UL UL Conf Special Subframe Conf 0 Configuring TDD Frames anna 58 Configuring TDD Frames TDD frames contain both uplink and downlink information separated in time with every subframe being responsible for either uplink or downlink transmission The standard specifies several subframe configurations or resource allocations for TDD systems TDD UL DL Allocations Selects the configuration of the subframes in a radio frame in TDD systems The UL DL configuration or allocation defines t
113. n This method automatically detects the PUSCH and SRS i e no PUCCH can be detected To determine these characteristics the software detects the CAZAC base parame ters Thus the DMRS configuration parameters are not required for the synchroni zation and therefore are not available using this method Note however that it is not possible to derive the DMRS configuration parameters from the CAZAC base parameters so that the disabled DMRS configuration param eters do not reflect the current parameters used for the synchronization Also note that it can happen that the software successfully synchronizes on non 3GPP sig nals without a warning Automatic demodulation is not available if the Suppressed Interference Synchroniza tion is active Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod ACON on page 119 Subframe Configuration Detection Turns the detection of the subframe configuration on and off Upon activation the software compares the current demodulated LTE frame to the subframe configuration you have set Only if the signal is consistent with the configura tion the software will further analyze the LTE frame If inactive the software analyzes the signal even if it is not consistent with the current subframe configuration Subframe configuration detection is available if you are using a Predefined subframe configuration Remote command SENSe LTE UL FORMat SCD on page 121 Suppressed Interference Synch
114. n err eee ener eere tentes 107 GONFigure E TETUL BW ait nee tecto ha ttt ance isa 107 Igel UI RR TEE 124 GONFigureE LE TET UL GYGOPLEefIX sectator RA EA 107 CONFigure LTE UL DRS DSSHift T GONFigureELTEEUL DRS GRPEoOpping rci rn erret terrere nre ern 126 GONFigureELTEEUL IDRS NDMRS enr nth ie ttr rr Etre ern n ete en eer ten 126 GONFigurer L RI WI Ge ee E 126 GONFigureELTEEUL DRS SEQblopplng xci tr err rette ro erp c rrr ren n rh retra 127 GONFigureELTEEUL DRSEPUSCHhLEBONWlBt ntn prr dne np reor erre 127 CONFigure R Bp oii T CONFigure LTE UL PLC CID GONFigureELTEEUL PEG CIDGrEOUD 2i contre theater eE Ee CONFigure E TELULDPEGP iue etate castes raa Dye co bos etn eae aa EES UK EE ERT GONFigureELTEEUL PRAGHh GONE intu rene th tr ren rre err ene rre ne rrr dee rete CONFigure LTE ULZPRAGHE OR E GONFigureELTEEFUL PRACHh FRINGOGX 2 2 atout irr ttr rn er rene re rhe tna p ra errore EE noctu CONFigure LTE UL PRACh HFINdicator CONFigure R ELE e n R Lee CONFIg rel ETEF E ER TE DEE II ee UI RN RR GE RE CONFigure E TEEUL PERACRh SIND6X n rentre Enea tins enata oa ete Enea iia ede GONFigureELTEEUL PUGGh BEOPFfset rrt trt rer eren nri en m rr net ees GONFigureEETEEUL PUGGh DESHI L icr rper e rent eret tne rans CONFigure E ET Ger e RRE GONFigureELTEEUL PUGGh NTGOS terrent a a reet rre rn gl ee UI RN RR Kee E RTE GONFigurer ETE UL PUCCHANORB criando ori a e CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh N
115. n on all measurements that show the constellation of a signal Constellation Diagr Mii 37 DFT Precod Constellaton enne nennen nennt nnn 37 User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 36 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays Constellation Diagram Starts the Constellation Diagram result display This result display shows the inphase and quadrature phase results and is an indicator of the quality of the modulation of the signal In the default state the result display evaluates the full range of the measured input data You can filter the results in the Constellation Selection dialog box The ideal points for the selected modulation scheme are displayed for reference purpo ses B Constellation Diagram Points Meas 16500 The constellation diagram also contains information about the current evaluation range In addition it shows the number of points that are displayed in the diagram Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED CONS CONS Querying results TRACe DATA DFT Precod Constellation Starts the DFT Precod Constellation result display This result display shows the inphase and quadrature phase results It shows the data without the DFT precoding The result display evaluates the full range of the measured input data You can filter the results in the Constellation Selection dialog box B DFT Precoded Constellation Points 42000 2 3 4 5 6 Remote command Selecting the
116. n on the User SEM File feature in the General Settings dialog box The R amp S FSV evaluates the custom SEM mask For a comprehensive description about designing a custom SEM in xml format please refer to the User Manual of the R amp S FSV Remote command Load file MMEMory LOAD SEMsettings on page 116 State SENSe POWer SEM USERfile on page 118 Configuring Spectrum Measurements SEM Requirement Selects the type of spectrum emission mask used for the Out of Band emission mea surement The software supports general and specific additional spectrum emission masks The specific spectrum emission masks contain additional SEM requirements The addi tional requirements masks to use for the measurement depend on the network signal led value NS_03 NS_04 NS_06 or NS_07 If NS_06 or NS_07 is indicated in the cell use SEM requirement NS 06 07 Remote command SENSe POWer SEM UL REQuirement on page 118 5 3 3 Configuring ACLR Measurements The ACLR settings are part of the Spectrum tab of the General Settings dialog box General Advanced Trigger Spectrum ACLR Settings Assumed Adj Ch Carr EUTRA same BW Noise Correction Sweep Time 500 ms Assumed Adjacent Channel Cartier iiie iaa 51 Noise Correto iccccccsscccdssceetiiedsncassassdusidadesssaidscadessandaadavsincasevessanteesnouaasdandovaluaascsuanadee 51 Eeer TMG APP eg gute aes 51 Assumed Adjacen
117. nd Link direction CONFigure LTE LDIRection on page 107 Duplexing mode CONFigure LTE DUPLexing on page 106 Defining the Signal Frequency For measurements with an RF input source you have to match the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency of the signal The available frequency range depends on the hardware configuration of the analyzer you are using Remote command Center frequency SENSe FREQuency CENTer on page 108 Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks Specifies the channel bandwidth and number of resource blocks RB The channel bandwidth and number of resource blocks RB are interdependent Cur rently the LTE standard recommends six bandwidths see table below 5 2 2 Defining General Measurement Characteristics The application also calculates the FFT size and sampling rate from the channel band width Those are read only Sample Rate MHz 3 84 7 68 15 36 30 72 30 72 FFT Size 256 512 1024 2048 2048 Remote command CONFigure LTE UL BW on page 107 Cyclic Prefix The cyclic prefix serves as a guard interval between OFDM symbols to avoid interfer ences The standard specifies two cyclic prefix modes with a different length each The cyclic prefix mode defines the number of OFDM symbols in a slot e Normal A slot contains 7 OFDM symbols e Extended A slot contains 6 OFDM symbols The extended cyclic prefix is able to cover larger cell sizes with h
118. nd Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC FLAT Querying results TRACe DATA Channel Group Delay Starts the Channel Group Delay result display This result display shows the group delay of each subcarrier The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected slot in the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your selection The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the group delay is plotted in ns User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 35 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays B Group Delay ns 1 54 MHz div Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC GDEL Querying results TRACe DATA Channel Flatness Difference Starts the Channel Flatness Difference result display This result display shows the level difference in the spectrum flatness result between two adjacent physical subcarriers The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected slot in the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your selection The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the power is plotted in dB B Flatness Difference dB MI PK j a ES ES F N 7 68 MHz 1 54 MHz div Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC FDIF Querying results TRACe DATA 4 5 Measuring the Symbol Constellation This chapter contains informatio
119. nfiguring Subframes on page 60 Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NPAR on page 133 5 7 5 Defining Global Signal Characteristics The global settings contain settings that apply to the complete signal The global settings are part of the Uplink Adv Sig Config tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box IR EC RN E 70 UE ID n_RNTI Sets the radio network temporary identifier RNTI of the UE Remote command CONFigure LTE UL UEID on page 133 5 8 Defining the PRACH Structure The PRACH structure settings contain settings that describe the physical attributes and structure of the PRACH The PRACH structure setup is part of the Uplink PRACH Config tab of the Demodu lation Settings dialog box UL Demod UL Frame Config UL Adv Sig Config PRACH Structure PRACH Configuration 0 Restricted Set Frequency Offset 0 Nes Conf 0 Logical Root Seq Indx 0 Sequence Index v Auto Y Sequence Index v 0 Auto Preamble Mapping Y Freq Res Index 0 Half Frame Ind t1 RA O See UU 71 Ee E 71 FrSquenty T E 71 NOS COMP 71 Defining the PRACH Structure LOgiGal ROGE e EE 71 ee ee OV EE 71 PRACH Preamble Mappi sirsenis ladies 72 PRACH Configuration Sets the PRACH configuration index as defined in the 3GPP TS 36 211 i e defines the subframes in which random access preamble transmission is allowed The preamble format is automaticall
120. ng Statistics e Modulation Modulation type of the channels e Symbol Index or Bit Index Shows the position of the table row s first bit or symbol within the complete stream e Bit Stream The actual bit stream Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT BSTR Querying results TRACe DATA Performing Measurements 9 Configuring and Performing the Measure 5 1 ment Before you can start a measurement you have to configure the R amp S FSV in order to get valid measurement results This chapter contains detailed information on all set tings available in the application You can access the two main settings dialog boxes via the Settings Gen Demod softkey Pressing the softkey once opens the General Settings dialog box The Gen label in the softkey turns orange to indicate an active General Settings dialog box Pressing the softkey again opens the Demod Settings dialog box When the Demod Settings dialog box is active the Demod label in the softkey turns orange In the General Settings dialog box you can set all parameters that are related to the overall measurement The dialog box is made up of three tabs one for general set tings one for MIMO settings and one for advanced settings By default the General tab is the active one In the Demod Settings dialog box you can set up the measurement in detail e g the demodulation configuration The dialog box is made up of three
121. ns by adding additional PRB entries in the PRBs list SAVE RECALL Key To load a frame setup press the File Manager softkey in the root menu of the appli cation Select the file you want to load and activate it with the Load Demod Setup button Loading an UO File The R amp S FSV is able to process l Q data that has been captured with a R amp S FSV directly as well as data stored in a file You can store l Q data in various file formats in order to be able to process it with other external tools or for support purposes UO data can be formatted either in binary form or as ASCII files The data is linearly scaled using the unit Volt e g if a correct display of Capture Buffer power is required For binary format data is expected as 32 bit floating point data Little Endian format also known as LSB Order or Intel format An example for binary data would be 0x1D86E7BB in hexadecimal notation is decoded to 7 0655481E 3 The order of the data is either IQIQIQ or II 1QQ Q For ASCII format data is expected as and Q values in alternating rows separated by new lines lt I value 1 gt lt Q value 1 gt lt I value 2 lt Q value 2 gt To use data that has been stored externally press the File Manager softkey in the root menu of the application Select the file you want to load and activate it with the Load IQ Data button 7 2 SAVE RECALL Key Besides the file manager in the root menu you can also manage the data
122. ns the EVM for all QPSK modulated resource elements of the PUSCH Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM USQP Queries the PUSCH QPSK EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM USST AVERage This query returns the the EVM for all 16QAM modulated resource elements of the PUSCH Return values lt EVM gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM USST Queries the PUSCH 16QAM EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary FERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage This command queries the frequency error Return values lt FreqError gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average frequency error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit Hz Example FETC SUMM FERR Returns the average frequency error in HZ Numeric Result Query Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MINimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage This command queries the UO gain imbalance Return values Gainlmbalance numeric value Minimum maximum or average UO imbalance depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dB Example FETC SUMM GIMB Returns the current gain imbalance in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MAXimum FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MINimum FETCh SU
123. nt usually is a certain level value The trigger hysteresis defines a dis tance to the trigger level that the input signal must stay below in order to fulfill the trig ger condition If you want to have a minimum time between indivudual measurements set a trigger holdoff A trigger holdoff defines a waiting period that must at least pass between one trigger event and the next Remote command For a comprehensive list of commands to define trigger characteristics see chapter 8 9 Trigger Configuration on page 114 Configuring Spectrum Measurements The Spectrum settings contain parameters to configure spectrum measurements ACLR and SEM in particular e General ACLR and SEM Configuration cien cent 49 e Configuring SEM Measurements enne 50 e Configuring ACER Measuretmelite 2 unto een diia Ee ENNEN 51 Configuring Spectrum Measurements 5 3 1 General ACLR and SEM Configuration The gate settings settings are part of the Spectrum tab of the General Settings dia log box General Advanced Trigger EXT SEM ACLR Settings Num of Tx Channels 1 Car Agg Channel BW User Tx2 Bandwidth 10 MHz Tx2 Offset 10 MHz Auto Gating Span Auto Span Y 50 MHz AUO GAUN DE 49 Numberof TX CHannelS ona dis 49 el EE 49 Auto Gating Turns gating for SEM and ACLR measurements on and off If on the application evaluates the on periods of an LTE TDD signal only The applica tion determines the location and
124. of the software and if connected to an analyzer also presets the analyzer Example CONF PRES Presets the software Usage Event DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect This command selects the measurement window Example DISP WIND2 SEL Selects screen B Usage Event FORMat DATA lt Format gt This command specifies the data format for the data transmission between the LTE measurement application and the remote client Supported formats are ASCII or REAL32 Parameters lt Format gt ASCii REAL RST ASCii Example FORM REAL The software will send binary data in Real32 data format MMEMory LOAD DEModsetting Path This command restores previously saved demodulation settings The file must be of type allocation and depends on the link direction that was cur rently selected when the file was saved You can load only files with correct link direc tions Setting parameters Path String containing the path and name of the file Example MMEM LOAD DEM D USER Settingsfile allocation Usage Setting only List of Commands SENSe POWer SEM USERTtIle 2 1 ren ia enne noeh t eR ENEE EEN 118 Et ER Tele e Tie E P 108 SENSeJiFREQuUEncy SP N asragin A AAA eb a PV tu onde 116 SENSeEPOWer ACHanneLAACbHAaririel 2 1 ontario tha etia eere tiet Ee Een das 116 SENSe POWer ACHannel BANDwidth CHANnel2 essent rennen r
125. one trace This trace contains the results for that subframe only Remote command SENSe LTE SUBFrame SELect on page 137 6 2 Defining Measurement Units In the Units tab of the Measurement Settings dialog box you can select the unit for various measurement results RE Oo Matauri 74 EVM Unit Selects the unit for graphic and numerical EVM measurement results Possible units are dB and Remote command UNIT EVM on page 138 6 3 Defining Various Measurement Parameters In the Misc tab of the Measurement Settings dialog box you can set various param eters that affect some result displays Bit SliredmiPolTtligl u eee ee eet Eee EE e 74 Bit Stream Format Selects the way the bit stream is displayed ES User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 74 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Analyzing Measurement Results The bit stream is either a stream of raw bits or of symbols In case of the symbol for mat the bits that belong to a symbol are shown as hexadecimal numbers with two dig its Examples B Bit Stream Sub Modulation Symbo Bit Stream O 0 d 3 01 OF o d 2 O g 00 0103 0 O 64 O 01 00 01 00 02 B Bit Stream Sub Modulation frame O O 48 000001011010111110101010100 O 36 111011100000011100111010010 O 44 10000110011 010111101101 1110111100 o 2 0010000010 Fig 6 2 Bit stream display in uplink application if the bit stream format is set to bi
126. or both humans and PC A typical frame setup file would look like this lt FrameDefinition LinkDirection uplink TDDULDLAllocationConfiguration 0 RessourceBlocks 50 CP auto PhysLayCellIDGrp Group 0 PhysLayID ID 0 N_RNTI 0 N f 0 NOfSubbands 4 N RB HO 4 NOfRB PUCCH 4 DeltaShift 2 N1_cs 6 MI RB 1 NPUCCH 0 DeltaOffset 0 PUCCHStructureFormat F1 normal N c fastforward 1600 HoppingBitInformation 0 FrequencyHopping None DemRefSeq 3GPP DemPilBoostdBPUSCH 0 DemPilBoostdBPUCCH 0 GroupHop 0 SequenceHop 0 EnableN PRS 1 Delta_ss 0 N DMRS1 0 N DMRS2 0 SoundRefSeq 3GPP SoundRefBoostdB 0 SoundRefPresent 0 SoundRefSymOffs 13 SoundRefCAZAC u 2 SoundRefCAZAC q 0 SoundRefCAZAC alpha 0 SoundRefCAZAC mode 2 SoundRefB 0 SoundRefC 0 SRSSubframeConfiguration 0 SoundRefN CS 0 SoundRefK TC 0 SoundRefN_RRC 0 SoundRefb hop 0 SoundRefI SRS 0 SoundRefk0 24 SoundRefNumSubcarrier 132 Frame Subframe lt PRBs gt lt PRB Start 2 Length 10 Modulation QPSK PUCCHOn 0 BoostingdB 0 gt lt PRB gt lt PRBs gt lt Subframe gt lt Frame gt lt stControl PhaseTracking 1 TimingTracking 0 CompensateDCOffset 1 UseBitStreamScrambling 1 ChannelEstimationRange 2 AutoDemodulation 1 gt lt stControl gt lt FrameDefinition gt All settings that are available in the Demod Settings dialog box are also in the frame setup file You can enter additional allocatio
127. parameters in combination with the query If available each SCPI parameter returns a different aspect of the results If SCPI parameters are supported you have to quote one in the query Example TRAC2 DATA TRACE1 The format of the return values is either in ASCII or binary characters and depends on the format you have set with FORMat DATA Following this detailed description you will find a short summary of the most important functions of the command TRACe DATA Measurement Result Query e Adjacent Channel Leakage Rate 97 e Alocalom SUMMA cae sence dl ence as 97 DEED EE 98 e Capture BUNG ta 99 s GO uere deeg eene A ae 99 e Channel and Spectrum Flathess ne ER Hae REENEN RRE 99 e Channel and Spectrum Flatness Difference eese 100 e Channel Group Delai 100 e Constellation Iam TEE 101 EVM vs E 101 EVM VS SOIM E 102 NN 102 e Frequency Error VS Symbol ia id 102 e pand EMISI N ico an 102 El UM ER 103 e Specthunt Emission MASK tere we nee aod ees 103 LEISURE REI PTT 103 8 6 1 1 Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio For the ACLR result display the number and type of returns values depend on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns one value for each trace point e LIST Returns the contents of the ACLR table For each channel it returns six values lt channel type gt lt bandwidth gt lt spacing offset gt lt power of lower channel gt lt power of upper channel
128. part of the Uplink Demodulation Settings tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box UL Frame Config UL Adv Sig Config UL PRACH Contig Data Analysis Analysis Mode PUSCH PUCCH Channel Est Range Pilot and Payload Compensate DC Offset Coded Bits Scrambling Y Auto Demodulation Subframe Config SubFr Conf Detection Supprssd Interf Sync Multicarrier Filter ATERT E 54 Channel Estimation RaNge coooioonnnnis rica tc 55 Compensate DC Oise tes E 55 Scrambling of Coded BiS eenen een da 55 Auto DemOdUlAation EE 55 Subframe Configuration DetectiON ooconnnoccccnonicccccnnononnccononannccnnn nano nc nn nnnnn o nn cnnnnnnnncnnnnns 56 Suppressed Interference Synchronization eret to te teo euren thee 56 MulticattiGr TEE 56 Analysis Mode Selects the channel analysis mode You can select from PUSCH PUCCH mode and PRACH mode PUSCH PUCCH mode analyzes the PUSCH and PUCCH This is the default Configuring the Signal Demodulation PRACH mode analyzes the PRACH only In PRACH analysis mode no subframe or slot selection is available Instead you can select a particular preamble that the results are shown for Note that PRACH analysis mode does not support all result displays Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod MODE on page 120 Channel Estimation Range Selects the method for channel estimation You can select if only the pilot symbols are used to perform channel estimation or if both pilot and paylo
129. power gt The unit is always dB The number of values depends on the selected LTE bandwidth The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a par ticular subframe it returns nothing 8 6 1 8 Channel Group Delay For the Channel Group Delay result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt group delay gt The unit is always ns The number of values depends on the selected LTE bandwidth The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average group delay over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum group delay found over all subframes If you are analyzing a particular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum group delay found over all subframes If you are analyzing a particular subframe it returns nothing Measurement Result Query 8 6 1 9 Constellation Diagram For the Constellation Diagram the command returns two values for each constellation point lt I SFO Sym0 Carrier1 gt lt Q SFO Sym0 Carrier1 gt lt I SFO Sym0 Carrier n gt Q SFO SymO Car rier n gt I SFO Sym1 Carrier1 lt Q SFO Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt I SFO Sym1 Carrier n gt Q SFO Sym1 Car rie
130. r The trigger event is the RF power level The measurement starts when a signal outside of the measured channel meets or exceeds a certain level at the first inter mediate frequency The level range is from 50 dBm to 10 dBm The corresponding trigger level at the RF input is The RF Power trigger is available with detector board 1307 9554 02 Rev 05 00 or higher It is not available for measurements with the digital I Q interface R amp S FSV B17 e Power Sensor The trigger event is a specified level measured by a power sensor The measure ment starts when a power sensor measurement meets certain conditions The power sensor as a trigger source is available with option R amp S FSV K9 and a connected power sensor You can define a power level for an external IF power RF power or power sensor trigger The name and contents of the Power Level field depend on the selected trigger mode It is available only in combination with the corresponding trigger mode The measurement starts as soon as the trigger event happens It may become neces sary to start the measurement some time after the trigger event In that case define a trigger offset or trigger delay The trigger offset is the time that should pass between the trigger event and the start of the measurement The trigger offset may be a negative time The trigger offset is then called a pretrigger The trigger offset is available for all trigger modes except free run A trigger eve
131. r n gt lt I SFO Sym n Carrier1 gt lt Q SFO Sym n Carrier1 gt lt I SFO Sym n Carrier n gt Q SFO Sym n Carrier n gt lt I SF1 Sym0 Carrier1 gt lt Q SF1 Sym0 Carrier1 gt I SF1 SymO Carrier n Q SF 1 SymO Car rier n gt I SF1 Sym1 Carrier1 lt Q SF1 Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt I SF1 Sym1 Carrier n gt lt Q SF1 Sym1 Car rier n gt lt I SF n Sym n Carrier1 gt lt Q SF n Sym n Carrier1 gt lt I SF n Sym n Carrier n gt lt Q SF n Sym n Carrier n gt With SF subframe and Sym symbol of that subframe The and Q values have no unit The number of return values depends on the constellation selection By default it returns all resource elements including the DC carrier The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns all constellation points included in the selection e TRACE2 Returns the constellation points of the reference symbols included in the selection e TRACE3 Returns the constellation points of the SRS included in the selection 8 6 1 10 EVM vs Carrier For the EVM vs Carrier result display the command returns one value for each subcar rier that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average EVM over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum EVM found over all subframes If you are
132. r settings in the measure ment path Thus the signal impairments that are of interest to the user are left uncom pensated in the measurement path After having decoded the data symbols in the reference path an additional data aided phase tracking can be utilized to refine the common phase error estimation 3 3 2 Analysis The analysis block of the EUTRA LTE uplink measurement application allows to com pute a variety of measurement variables EVM The most important variable is the error vector magnitude which is defined as Pri 0n 2 Ellas EVM 3 2 for QAM symbol n before precoding and SC FDMA symbol I Since the normalized average power of all possible constellations is 1 the equation can be simplified to EVM Greff nl 3 3 The average EVM of all data subcarriers is then The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application EVM sata data 3 4 for Nps SC FDMA data symbols and the Nyx allocated subcarriers UO imbalance The UO imbalance contained in the continuous received signal r t can be written as re e 1856 jo 360 3 5 where s t is the transmit signal and and Q are the weighting factors describing the UO imbalance We define that I 1 and Q 1 AQ The UO imbalance estimation makes it possible to evaluate the modulator gain balance 1 AQ 3 6 and the quadrature mismatch arg 1 AQ 8 7 based on the complex valued estimate 46 Basic in band
133. result display CALCulate lt screenid gt FEED CONS DFTC User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 37 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays 4 6 Measuring Statistics This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the statistics of a sig nal E E 38 PGC AON Ein 38 cic E 39 CCDF Starts the Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function CCDF result display This result display shows the probability of an amplitude exceeding the mean power For the measurement the complete capture buffer is used The x axis represents the power relative to the measured mean power On the y axis the probability is plotted in A CCDF Remote command Selecting the result display CAL Culate lt n gt FEED STAT CCDF Querying results TRACe DATA Allocation Summary Starts the Allocation Summary result display This result display shows the results of the measured allocations in tabular form A Allocati ion Summary Number Offse Modulation of RB 10 The rows in the table represent the allocations A set of allocations form a subframe The subframes are separated by a dashed line The columns of the table contain the follwing information SSS ee eee User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 38 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays e Subframe Shows the subframe number e Allocation ID Shows the type ID of the allocation e Number of RB Shows the number o
134. ric value gt RST 2 8 13 Advanced Signal Characteristics Example CONF UL SUBF8 ALL RBOF 5 Subframe 8 has a resource block offset of 5 CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of an uplink allocation Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Default unit DB Example CONF UL SUBF8 ALL POW 1 3 Sets the power of the allocation in subframe 8 to 1 3 dB CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CONT Content This command allocates a PUCCH to an uplink allocation Parameters lt Content gt NONE Turns off the PUSCH and the PUCCH PUCCh Turns on the PUCCH RST PUSC Example CONF UL SUBF8 ALL CONT PUCC Subframe 8 contains a PUCCH CONFigure LTE UL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc MODulation lt Modulation gt This command selects the modulation of an uplink allocation Parameters lt Modulation gt QPSK QAM16 QAM64 RST QPSK Example CONF UL SUBF8 ALL MOD QPSK The modulation of the allocation in subframe 8 is QPSK Advanced Signal Characteristics e Configuring the Demodulation Reference Gional 126 e Configuring the Sounding Reference Gional sss 127 e Defining the PUSCH Structure An 130 e Defining the PUCCH Gtructure nc nnnnn cnc 131 e Defining Global Signal Characteristics voii rta 133 Advanced Signal Characteristics 8 13 1 Configuring the Demodulation Reference Signal GONFigur
135. rols attenuation at the RF input Mechanical attenuation is available in the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box Positive values correspond to an attenuation and negative values correspond to an amplification RF attenuation is independent of the reference level It is available if automatic refer ence level detection is inactive The range is from 0 dB to 75 dB Remote command RF attenuation INPut lt n gt ATTenuation lt instrument gt on page 109 External attenuation DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet on page 109 Defining General Measurement Characteristics 5 2 3 Configuring the Data Capture The data capture settings contain settings that control the amount of data and the way that the application records the LTE signal The data capture settings are part of the General tab of the General Settings dialog box MIMO Advanced Trigger Spectrum Data Capture Settings Capture Time 40 1 ms Overall Frame Count Num Frames to Analyze 1 Auto Acc to Standard Y CPU E 46 Overall Frame COUN EE 46 Number of Frames to Anahyze AA 46 Auto ACcordingito tad DE 47 Capture Time Defines the capture time The capture time corresponds to the time of one sweep Hence it defines the amount of data the application captures during one sweep By default the application captures 20 1 ms of data to make sure that at least one complete LTE frame is captured in one s
136. ronization Turns suppressed interference synchronization on and off If active the synchronization on signals containing more than one user equipment UE is more robust Additionally the EVM is lower in case the UEs have different frequency offsets Note that Auto Demodulation is not supported in this synchronization mode and the EVM may be higher in case only one UE is present in the signal Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod SISYnc on page 121 Multicarrier Filter Turns the suppression of interference of neighboring carriers on and off Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod MCFilter on page 120 5 5 2 5 6 5 6 1 Configuring Uplink Frames Compensating Measurement Errors The tracking settings contain settings that compensate for various common measure ment errors that may occur The tracking settings are part of the Uplink Demodulation Settings tab of the Demod ulation Settings dialog box UL Frame Config UL Adv Sig Config UL PRACH Config Tracking Phase Off Timing Phase Specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compensated for common phase error When phase compensation is used the measurement results will be com pensated for phase error on a per symbol basis off Phase tracking is not applied Pilot Only Only the reference signal is used for the estimation of the phase error Pilot and Pay Both reference signal and payload resource ele
137. rts the EVM vs Carrier result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM of the subcarriers With the help of a marker you can use it as a debugging technique to identify any subcarri ers whose EVM is too high The results are based on an average EVM that is calculated over the resource ele ments for each subcarrier This average subcarrier EVM is determined for each ana lyzed slot in the capture buffer If you analyze all slots the result display contains three traces e Average EVM This trace shows the subcarrier EVM averaged over all slots e Minimum EVM This trace shows the lowest average subcarrier EVM that has been found over the analyzed slots e Maximum EVM This trace shows the highest average subcarrier EVM that has been found over the analyzed slots User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 28 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays If you select and analyze one slot only the result display contains one trace that shows the subcarrier EVM for that slot only Average minimum and maximum values in that case are the same For more information see Subframe Selection on page 73 The x axis represents the center frequencies of the subcarriers On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit A EVM us Carrier 1 54 MHz div Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVCA Querying results TRACe DATA
138. s carried out in the measurement path cyan and after an IDFT the observations of the QAM transmit symbols are provided Accordingly the measure ment path might still contain impairments which are compensated in the reference path The symbols of both signal processing paths form the basis for the analysis 3 3 1 The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application fyrefeoarse kJ oarse channel estimation Fine timing Integer CFO estimation Bis ne Coarse CFO H gei Nea Lu Detection oarse timing o c Err FO estimation hoarse Full Hu carrier a de Tracking omes estimation fosse SFO CFO CPE H demapping Channe feti data symbols 1 estimation amp interpolation R H a J CPE fine Fine channel estimation estimation we Agata fine Customzed ustomized compensation compensation gt Equalization em SFO CFO CPE CP Hu Hu Fig 3 1 Block diagram for the LTE UL measurement application e Full compensation o IDFT zu Synchronization In a first step the areas of sufficient power are identified within the captured UO data stream which consists of the receive samples r For each area of sufficient power the analyzer synchronizes on subframes of the uplink generic frame structure 3 After this coarse timing estimation the fractional part as well as the integer part of the carrier fre quency offset CFO are estimated and compensate
139. s the results for a particular OFDM symbol RST ALL Example SYMB SEL 2 Shows the results for the second OFDM symbol 8 15 2 Selecting Units UNITE EE 138 UNM E 138 8 15 3 Measurement Result Analysis UNIT BSTR lt Unit gt This command selects the way the bit stream is displayed Parameters lt Unit gt SYMbols Displays the bit stream using symbols BITs Displays the bit stream using bits RST SYMbols Example UNIT BSTR BIT Bit stream gets displayed using Bits UNIT EVM Unit This command selects the EVM unit Parameters Unit DB EVM results returned in dB PCT EVM results returned in 96 RST PCT Example UNIT EVM PCT EVM results to be returned in 96 Using Markers CAL Culate nz M AbkercmzAOEtE esten stsse isset isi sss sisse ensis aisi s 138 CAL Culate nzM Abkercm MANimumf PDEAK nnne nennen 139 CALCulate n MARKer m MlNimum PEAK nana nananonononononinnnns 139 GAL Gulate sn MARKer lt msESTATE ooo eii nene r nica 139 CAL Culate nz M Abkercmz TR ACe sehen tsssa seien ii asse sitis sa seins sins 139 CAL CulatesmMARKerSISQR E 139 CALC late sn MARK er MAN fe AE 140 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt AOFF This command turns all markers and delta markers off Suffix lt m gt 1 Example CALC MARK AOFF Turns off all markers Usage Event Measurement Result Analysis CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt MAXimum P
140. sical Resources for the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS BHOP on page 127 5 7 3 Defining the PUSCH Structure The PUSCH structure settings contain settings that describe the physical attributes and structure of the PUSCH The PUSCH structure is part of the Uplink Adv Sig Config tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics UL Demod UL Frame Config UWMETRATIT UL PRACH Config PUSCH Structure Freq Hopping Mode Off PUSCH Hopping Offset 4 Number of Subbands 4 Info in Hopping Bits 0 Frequency Hopping MODS uere tte toe tei e nete ret nt desea iesus 67 PU SCH POPPING Breu cm dir tee cie er eir tree ree ve qe erect d 67 Vlugt TE 67 Into o entrent caa oa de n eec t gd 67 Frequency Hopping Mode Selects the frequency hopping mode of the PUSCH Several hopping modes are supported e None No frequency hopping e Inter Subframe Hopping PUSCH changes the frequency from one subframe to another e Intra Subframe Hopping PUSCH also changes the frequency within a subframe Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUSCh FHMode on page 130 PUSCH Hopping Offset Defines the PUSCH Hopping Offset Nal The PUSCH Hopping Offset determines the first physical resource block and the maxi mum number of physical resource blocks available for PUSCH transmission if PUSCH frequency hopping is active Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUSCh FHOF
141. ss Flat Grdel Dm 35 Inband Emissions Inband Emission Starts the Inband Emission result display This result display shows the relative power of the unused resource blocks yellow trace and the inband emission limit lines red trace specified by the LTE standard document 3GPP TS36 101 The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected slot in the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your selection Note that you have to select a specific subframe and slot to get valid measurement results A Rel Inband Emissions dB Selection Subframe 0 Slot O e al mich Pods III CT a III PIP CC LT TT TTT I AAN AENA EA E FCCP 2 Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt screenid gt FEED SPEC IE Qurying results TRACe DATA User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 34 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Measurements and Result Displays 4 4 2 2 Flatness Flat Grdel Diff Channel Flatness Starts the Channel Flatness result display This result display shows the relative power offset caused by the transmit channel The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected slot in the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your selection The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the channel flatness is plotted in dB A Channel Flatness dB AY j a e Es F N 7 68 MHz 1 54 MHz div Remote comma
142. ss software messages and errors 7 Softkeys open settings dialogs and select result displays The status bar The status bar is located at the bottom of the display It shows the current measure ment status and its progress in a running measurement The status bar also shows warning and error messages Error messages are generally highlighted Display of measurement settings The header table above the result displays shows information on hardware and mea surement settings User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 15 Support 2 3 Freq 1 GHz Meas Setup 1TXx1RX Ext Att 0 dB Mode DL FDD 50 RB 10 MHz Normal CP Sync State Ok Capture Time 20 1 ms SINGLE TRG FREE RUN The header table includes the following information e Freq The analyzer RF frequency e Mode Link direction duplexing cyclic prefix and maximum number of physical resource blocks PRBs signal bandwidth e Meas Setup Shows number of transmitting and receiving antennas e Sync State The following synchronization states may occur OK The synchronization was successful FAIL The synchronization has failed SCPI Command SENSe SYNC STATe on page 89 e Ext Att Shows the external attenuation in dB e Capture Time Shows the capture length in ms Support If you encounter any problems when using the application you can contact the Rohde amp Schwarz support to get help for the problem To make the solution easi
143. t Channel Carrier Selects the assumed adjacent channel carrier for the ACLR measurement The supported types are EUTRA of same bandwidth 1 28 Mcps UTRA 3 84 Mcps UTRA and 7 68 Mcps UTRA Note that not all combinations of LTE Channel Bandwidth settings and Assumed Adj Channel Carrier settings are defined in the 3GPP standard Remote command SENSe POWer ACHannel AACHannel on page 116 Noise Correction Turns noise correction on and off Note that the input attenuator makes a clicking noise after each sweep if you are using the noise correction in combination with the auto leveling process Remote command SENSe POWer NCORrection on page 118 Sweep Time Defines a sweep time for ACLR measurements Defining Advanced Measurement Characteristics A longer sweep time may increase the probability that the measured value converges to the true value of the adjacent channel power but obviously increases measurement time Remote command SENSe SWEep TIME on page 112 5 4 Defining Advanced Measurement Characteristics The Advanced settings contain parameters to configure more complex measurement setups e Controlling O Deque E o e entr t dt te 52 e Controlling Me MI t reir ter et etr acte 52 e Configuring the Digital UO Input 53 5 4 1 Controlling UO Data The I Q settings contain settings that control the UO data flow The I Q settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Settings dia
144. ta shift of the PUCCH to 3 CONFigure L TE UL PUCCh FORMat Format This command selects the PUCCH format Note that formats 2a and 2b are available for normal cyclic prefix length only Advanced Signal Characteristics Parameters lt Format gt F1 F1 F1A F1a F1B F1b F2 F2 F2A F2a F2B F2b F3 F3 RST F1 Example CONF UL PUCC FORM F1B Sets the PUCCH format to F1B CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh N1CS lt Nics gt This command defines the N 1 _cs of the PUCCH Parameters lt N1cs gt lt numeric value gt RST 6 Example CONF UL PUCC N1CS 4 Sets N 1 _cs to 4 CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh N2RB lt N2RB gt This command defines the N 2 _RB of the PUCCH Parameters lt N2RB gt lt numeric value gt RST 1 Example CONF UL PUCC N2RB 2 Sets N2 RB to 2 CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NORB lt ResourceBlocks gt This command selects the number of resource blocks for the PUCCH Parameters lt ResourceBlocks gt lt numeric value Selects the number of RBs AUTO Detects the number of RBs automatically RST 0 Example CONF UL PUCC NORB 6 Sets the number of resource blocks to 6 PRACH Structure CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NPAR lt NPUCCH gt This command defines the N_PUCCH parameter in the PUCCH structure settings Parameters lt NPUCCH gt lt numeric value gt lt numeric value gt SUBF Selects the definition of N
145. tabs one for configur ing the signal configuration one for setting up the frame configuration and one for con figuring the control channels and miscellaneous settings By default the DL Demod tab is the active one You can switch between the tabs by touching the tab on the touchscreen or with the cursor keys e Performing Measurements eene nsns aa nenne 41 e Defining General Measurement Characteristics 42 e Configuring Spectrum Measurement EEN 48 e Defining Advanced Measurement Characterstics 52 e Configuring the Signal Demodulaton sene 54 e Comiquring Uphink Frames iris dali i hn dee nate EENS 57 e Defining Advanced Signal Charachertsetce EE 61 Defining the PRACH REENEN rs 70 Performing Measurements The sweep menu contains functions that control the way the R amp S FSV performs a measurement Single Sweep and Continuous ween 41 CIE T 42 lico EE 42 Single Sweep and Continuous Sweep In continuous sweep mode the R amp S FSV continuously captures data performs meas urements and updates the result display according to the trigger settings Defining General Measurement Characteristics To activate single sweep mode press the Run Single softkey In single sweep mode the R amp S FSV captures data performs the measurement and updates the result display exactly once after the trigger event After this process the R amp S FSV interrupts the measurement You can always switch back to contin
146. tes the on period of the LTE signal only OFF Evaluates the complete signal Example SWE EGAT AUTO ON Turns auto gating on Signal Demodulation e Configuring the Data Analysis cette a Eege 119 e Compensating Measurement Errors ene 121 Configuring the Data Analysis SENSe L TE UL DEMOd ACON citat titt tte tttm ttt tte rat cra 119 SENSeIEETEFUL DEMoed OBSOramblilig 1nd etre tte ote td 119 SENSe EETEEHUEDEMed GCDGoffsel 2 22 ia RER RENE EES 120 SENSe EETEEUEDEMed CES Timalloni EE 120 SENSej L TE UL DEMod MCFilter ecce ttt tette 120 SENSe L TE UL DEMOd MODE cett titt ttt tentant AE 120 SENSEI NR ERT EE 121 SENSGILTEIULFORMatrSCH conan 121 SENSe LTE UL DEMod ACON lt Type gt This command selects the method of automatic demodulation for uplink signals Parameters lt Type gt ALL Automatically detects and demodulates the PUSCH and SRS OFF Automatic demodulation is off SCON Automatically detects and demodulates the values available in the subframe configuration table Example UL DEM ACON OFF Turns automatic demodulation off SENSe LTE UL DEMod CBSCrambling lt State gt This command turns scrambling of coded bits for uplink signals on and off Signal Demodulation Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example UL DEM CBSC OFF Deactivates the scramb
147. the SRS The SRS either spans the entire frequency bandwidth or uses frequency hopping when several narrow band SRS cover the same total bandwidth The standard defines up to four bandwidths for the SRS The most narrow SRS band width Bsrs 3 spans four resource blocks and is available for all channel bandwidths The other three values of Bsrs define more wideband SRS bandwidths Their availabil ity depends on the channel bandwidth The availability of SRS bandwidths additionally depends on the bandwidth configura tion of the SRS Cagg For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Physical Resources for the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS BSRS on page 127 Freq Domain Pos n RRC Defines the parameter nanc hanc is a UE specific parameter and determines the starting physical resource block of the SRS transmission For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Physical Resources for the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS NRRC on page 128 SRS BW Conf C SRS Defines the bandwidth configuration of the SRS The bandwidth configuration is a cell specific parameter that in combination with the SRS bandwidth and the channel bandwidth defines the length of the souunding refer ence signal sequence For more information on the calculation refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 Sounding Reference Signal
148. the adjacent channel limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ALTernate RESult lt Result gt This command queries the limit check results for the alternate channels during ACLR measurements Return values lt LimitCheck gt Returns two values one for the upper and one for the lower alternate channel PASSED Limit check has passed FAILED Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM ACP ALT RES ALL Queries the results of the alternate channel limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent lt ResultType gt This command queries the current results of the ACLR measurement or the total signal power level of the SEM measurement To get a valid result you have to perform a complete measurement with synchroniza tion to the end of the measurement before reading out the result This is only possible for single sweeps Suffix lt m gt 1 Query parameters lt ResultType gt CPOW This parameter queries the channel power of the reference range 8 7 8 7 1 General Settings Return values lt Result gt SEMResults Power level in dBm ACLRResults Relative power levels of the ACLR channels The number of return values depends on the number of transmission and adja cent channels The order of return values is lt TXChannelPower gt is the power of the transmission channel in dBm e lt LowerAdjChannelPower is the relativ
149. the displayed results in the constellation diagram by a particular subcarrier Parameters lt Carrier gt ALL Shows the results for all subcarriers lt numeric_value gt Shows the results for a particular subcarrier RST ALL Example CARR SEL 1 Shows the results for subcarrier 1 SENSe LTE MODulation SELect lt Modulation gt This command filters the displayed results in the constellation diagram by a particular type of modulation Measurement Result Analysis Parameters lt Modulation gt ALL Shows the results for all modulation types lt numeric_value gt Shows the results for a particular modulation type Modulation types are mapped to numeric values For the code assignment see chapter 8 6 1 17 Return Value Codes on page 103 RST ALL Example MOD SEL 3 Shows the results for all elements with a 16QAM modulation SENSe LTE SUBFrame SELect lt Subframe gt This command selects the subframe to be analyzed Parameters lt Subframe gt ALL lt numeric value gt ALL Select all subframes 0 39 Select a single subframe RST ALL Example SUBF SEL ALL Select all subframes for analysis SENSe LTE SYMBol SELect lt Symbol gt This command filters the displayed results in the constellation diagram by a particular OFDM symbol Parameters lt Symbol gt ALL Shows the results for all subcarriers lt numeric_value gt Show
150. tion R amp S FSV B17 For more information on using hardware option R amp S FSV B17 see the manual of the R amp S FSV Remote command INPut SELect on page 113 Configuring the Digital UO Input The digital UO settings contain settings that configure the digital UO input The digital UO settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box General MIMO Spectrum Baseband Digital Settings Input Data Rate 10 MHz Full Scale Level LN sampling Rate Input Data Rate op quide add 53 Full Scale DEE 54 Sampling Rate Input Data Rate Defines the data sample rate at the digital baseband input The sample rate is available for a digital baseband input source Remote command INPut n DIQ SRATe on page 113 Configuring the Signal Demodulation Full Scale Level Defines the voltage corresponding to the maximum input value of the digital baseband input Remote command INPut lt n gt DIQ RANGe UPPer on page 114 5 5 Configuring the Signal Demodulation The uplink demodulation settings contain settings that describe the signal processing and the way the signal is measured You can find the demodulation settings in the Demod Settings dialog box Gohfiguring the Data NEE EE 54 e Compensating Measurement EITOES 2 incita rar 57 5 5 1 Configuring the Data Analysis The data analysis settings contain setting that control the data analysis The data analysis settings are
151. tion bandwidth This is because the resolution bandwidths are implemented digitally after the A D converter You can either specify the RF Reference Level in dBm or Baseband Reference Level in V depending on the input source You can also use automatic detection of the reference level with the Auto Level function If active the application measures and sets the reference level to its ideal value before each sweep This process slightly increases the measurement time You can define the measurement time of that measurement with the Auto Level Track Time gt Advanced tab Automatic level detection also optimizes RF attenuation Remote command Manual RF CONFigure POWer EXPected RF lt instrument gt on page 109 Manual BB CONFigure POWer EXPected IQ lt instrument gt on page 108 Automatic SENSe POWer AUTO lt instrument gt STATe on page 110 Auto Level Track Time SENSe POWer AUTO lt instrument gt TIME on page 110 Attenuating the Signal Attenuation of the signal may become necessary if you have to reduce the power of the signal that you have applied Power reduction is necessary for example to prevent an overload of the input mixer The LTE measurement application provides several attenuation modes e External attenuation is always available It controls an external attenuator if you are using one e Mechanical or RF attenuation is always available The mechanical attenuator cont
152. ts Remote command UNIT BSTR on page 138 6 4 Selecting the Contents of a Constellation Diagram The Evaluation Filter dialog box contains settings to configure the contents of a con stellation diagram You can access the dialog box with the Constellation Selection softkey in the Mea surement menu Evaluation Range for the Constellation Diagoram eee 75 Evaluation Range for the Constellation Diagram The Evaluation Range dialog box defines the type of constellation points that are dis played in the Constellation Diagram By default the application displays all constellation points of the data that have been evaluated However you can filter the results by several aspects e Modulation Filters the results to include only the selected type of modulation e Allocation Filters the results to include only a particular type of allocation e Symbol Filters the results to include only a particular OFDM symbol e Carrier Filters the results to include only a particular subcarrier The result display is updated as soon as you make the changes IECH User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 75 6 5 6 6 Scaling the Y Axis Note that the constellation selection is applied to all windows in split screen mode if the windows contain constellation diagrams Remote command Modulation SENSe LTE MODulation SELect on page 136 Allocation SENSe LTE ALLocation SELect on page 136 Symbol SENSe LTE SYMBol SE
153. ude Zero Auto Correlation sequences 1 2 5 Uplink Physical Layer Procedures For EUTRA the following uplink physical layer procedures are especially important Non synchronized random access Random access may be used to request initial access as part of handover when tran siting from idle to connected or to re establish uplink synchronization The structure is shown in figure 1 3 AC B Vl oe DATA TRA A Ba O Scheduled Data B Non Synchronized Random Access Channel T Rag Er Fig 1 3 Random Access Structure principle Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme Multiple random access channels may be defined in the frequency domain within one access period Tra in order to provide a sufficient number of random access opportuni ties For random access a preamble is defined as shown in figure 1 4 The preamble sequence occupies Tpge 0 8 ms and the cyclic prefix occupies Tcp 0 1 ms within one subframe of 1 ms During the guard time Tar nothing is transmitted The preamble bandwidth is 1 08 MHz 72 sub carriers Higher layer signalling controls in which sub frames the preamble transmission is allowed and the location in the frequency domain Per cell there are 64 random access preambles They are generated from Zadoff Chu sequences Top Fig 1 4 Random Access Preamble The random access procedure uses open loop power control with power ramping simi lar to WCDMA After sending the preamble on a se
154. ue gt Minimum maximum or average sampling error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit ppm Example FETC SUMM SERR Returns the current mean sampling error in ppm Usage Query only 8 6 8 6 1 Measurement Result Query FETCh SUMMary TFRame This command queries the sub frame start offset as shown in the Capture Buffer result display Note that you have to select a particular subframe otherwise the command returns an error Return values lt Offset gt Time difference between the sub frame start and capture buffer start Default unit s Example FETC SUMM TFR Returns the sub frame start offset Usage Query only Measurement Result Query e Using the TRACe DATA Commande 96 e Reading Results A 104 Using the TRACe DATA Command This chapter contains information on the TRACe DATA command and a detailed description of the characteristics of that command The TRACe DATA command queries the trace data or results of the currently active measurement or result display The type number and structure of the return values are specific for each result display In case of results that have any kind of unit the com mand returns the results in the unit you have currently set for that result display Note also that return values for results that are available for both downlink and uplink may be different For several result displays the command also supports various SCPI
155. unit used for numeric values if no other unit is provided with the parame ter e Manual operation If the result of a remote command can also be achieved in manual operation a link to the description is inserted Long and Short Form The keywords have a long and a short form You can use either the long or the short form but no other abbreviations of the keywords The short form is emphasized in upper case letters Note however that this emphasis only serves the purpose to distinguish the short from the long form in the manual For the instrument the case does not matter Example SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as SENS FREQ CENT Numeric Suffixes Some keywords have a numeric suffix if the command can be applied to multiple instances of an object In that case the suffix selects a particular instance e g a mea surement window Numeric suffixes are indicated by angular brackets lt n gt next to the keyword If you don t quote a suffix for keywords that support one a 1 is assumed Example DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe enables the zoom in a particular mea surement window selected by the suffix at WINDow DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON refers to window 4 Optional Keywords Some keywords are optional and are only part of the syntax because of SCPI compli ance You can include them in the header or not Note that if an optional keyword has a numeric suffix and you nee
156. uous sweep mode with the Run Cont softkey Remote command INITiate CONTinuous on page 88 Auto Level The Auto Level softkey initiates a process that sets an ideal reference level for the current measurement For more information see Defining a Reference Level on page 44 Remote command SENSe POWer AUTO lt instrument gt STATe on page 110 Refresh Updates the current result display in single sweep mode without capturing UO data again If you have changed any settings after a single sweep and use the Refresh function the R amp S FSV updates the current measurement results with respect to the new set tings It does not capture UO data again but uses the data captured last Remote command INITiate REFResh on page 88 5 2 Defining General Measurement Characteristics The General Settings contain settings to describe the basic measurement configura tion e Defining Signal Characteristics ccccccccccceeeseeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseaeeeseneeescaeeeseneeetas 42 e Configuring the Input Level jcc suceeded bid lianas et te e c ttt en 44 e Configuring the ET 46 e Triggering Measurement cccccccececeeceeeeeneeaeeeeceeeeeeeeceeeeceaaneeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaees 47 5 2 1 Defining Signal Characteristics The general signal characteristics contain settings to describe the general physical attributes of the signal The signal characteristics are part of the General tab of the General Settings dia
157. uplex RST FDD Example CONF DUPL TDD Activates time division duplex CONFigure L TE LDIRection Direction This command selects the link direction Parameters Direction DL Downlink UL Uplink Example CONF LDIR DL EUTRA LTE option is configured to analyze downlink signals CONFigure LTE UL BW Bandwidth This command selects the uplink bandwidth Parameters Bandwidth BW1 40 BW3_00 BW5_00 BW10_00 BW15 00 BW20 00 Example CONF UL BW BW1 40 Sets a signal bandwidth of 1 4 MHz in uplink CONFigure LTE UL CYCPrefix lt PrefixLength gt This command selects the cyclic prefix for uplink signals Parameters lt PrefixLength gt NORM Normal cyclic prefix length EXT Extended cyclic prefix length AUTO Automatic cyclic prefix length detection RST AUTO Example CONF UL CYCP EXT Sets cyclic prefix type to extended 8 7 2 General Settings CONFigure LTE UL NORB lt ResourceBlocks gt This command selects the number of resource blocks for uplink signals Parameters lt ResourceBlocks gt Example lt numeric value gt RST 50 CONF UL NORB 25 Sets the number of resource blocks to 25 SENSe FREQuency CENTer lt Frequency gt This command sets the center frequency for RF measurements Parameters lt Frequency gt Example lt numeric value gt Range
158. weep Remote command SENSe SWEep TIME on page 112 Overall Frame Count Turns the manual selection of the number of frames to capture and analyze on and off If the overall frame count is active you can define a particular number of frames to capture and analyze The measurement runs until all required frames have been ana lyzed even if it takes more than one sweep The results are an average of the cap tured frames If the overall frame count is inactive the R amp S FSV analyzes all complete LTE frames currently in the capture buffer Remote command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt STATe on page 111 Number of Frames to Analyze Sets the number of frames that you want to capture and analyze If the number of frames you have set last longer than a single sweep the R amp S FSV continues the measurement until all frames have been captured The parameter is read only if e the overall frame count is inactive Defining General Measurement Characteristics e the data is captured according to the standard Remote command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt on page 111 Auto According to Standard Turns automatic selection of the number of frames to capture and analyze on and off If active the R amp S FSV evaluates the number of frames as defined for EVM tests in the LTE standard If inactive you can set the number of frames you want to analyze This parameter is not available if the overall frame count is ina
159. with 16QAM modulation of the PUSCH in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM SDST AVERage on page 92 User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 25 Numerical Results By default all EVM results are in To view the EVM results in dB change the EVM Unit The second part of the table shows results that refer to a specifc selection of the frame The statistic is always evaluated over the slots The header row of the table contains information about the selection you have made like the subframe EVM All Shows the EVM for all resource elements in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage on page 91 EVM Phys Channel Shows the EVM for all physical channel resource elements in the analyzed frame A physical channel corresponds to a set of resource elements carrying infor mation from higher layers PUSCH PUCCH and PRACH are physical chan nels For more information see 3GPP 36 211 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage on page 91 EVM Phys Signal Shows the EVM for all physical signal resource elements in the analyzed frame The reference signal is a physical signal For more information see 3GPP 36 211 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage on page 91 Frequency Error Shows the difference in the measured center frequency and the reference center frequency FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage on page 93 Sampling Error Shows the difference in measured symbol clock and reference symbol clock relative to the syst
160. xamples Note that some remote command examples mentioned in this general introduction may not be supported by this particular application 8 2 1 Conventions used in Descriptions Note the following conventions used in the remote command descriptions e Command usage If not specified otherwise commands can be used both for setting and for querying parameters If a command can be used for setting or querying only or if it initiates an event the usage is stated explicitely e Parameter usage If not specified otherwise a parameter can be used to set a value and it is the result of a query Parameters required only for setting are indicated as Setting parameters Parameters required only to refine a query are indicated as Query parameters Parameters that are only returned as the result of a query are indicated as Return values e Conformity Commands that are taken from the SCPI standard are indicated as SCPI con firmed All commands used by the R amp S FSV follow the SCPI syntax rules e Asynchronous commands A command which does not automatically finish executing before the next com mand starts executing overlapping command is indicated as an Asynchronous command e Reset values RST User Manual 1173 1433 02 04 82 8 2 2 8 2 3 8 2 4 Introduction Default parameter values that are used directly after resetting the instrument RST command are indicated as RST values if available e Default unit This is the
161. y and select LTE Note that you may have to browse through the Mode menu with the More soft key to find the LTE entry Second LTE channel The application provides a second LTE channel that you can access via the Mode menu with the softkey labeled LTE2 This second channel has the same functionality as the LTE channel You can use it to perform measurements on two LTE channels with a different configuration for example to test carrier aggregation Presetting the software When you first start the software all settings are in their default state After you have changed any parameter you can restore the default state with the PRESET key CONFigure PRESet on page 144 R amp S FSV K10x LTE Uplink Welcome Elements and layout of the user interface The user interface of the LTE measurement application is made up of several ele ments Spectrum 1 LTE 1GHz Meas Setup 11Xx1RX Ext Att 0 dB Settings 2 E 50 RB 10 MHz Normal CP Sync State OK Capture Time 20 1 ms 77Gen TRG FREE RUN TD Ref 9 05 dBm AttvEl 10 00 0 00 dB 10 12 2009 14 50 27 1 Channel Bar contains all currently active measurement applications 2 Table Header shows basic measurement information e g the frequency 3 Result Display Header shows information about the trace 4 Result Display Screen A shows the measurement results 5 Result Display Screen B shows the measurement results 6 Status Bar shows the measurement progre
162. y derived form the PRACH Configuration Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh CONF on page 134 Restricted Set Selects whether a restricted preamble set high speed mode or the unrestricted pre amble set normal mode will be used Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh RSET on page 135 Frequency Offset For preamble formats 0 3 sets the PRACH Frequency Offset as defined in the 3GPP TS 36 211 i e determines the first physical resource block available for PRACH expressed as a physical resource block number Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh FOFFset on page 134 Ncs Conf Selects the Ncs configuration i e determines the Ncs value set according to TS 36 211 table 5 7 2 2 and 5 7 2 3 Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh NCSC on page 134 Logical Root Sequ Idx Selects the logical root sequence index The logical root sequence index is used to generate preamble sequences It is provi ded by higher layers Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh RSEQ on page 135 Sequence Index v Defines the sequence index v The sequence index controls which of the 64 preambles available in a cell is used If you select the Auto menu item the software automatically selects the required sequence index Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh SINDex on page 135 Defining the PRACH Structure PRACH Preamble Mapping The frequency resource index fra and the half frame indicator t154 are neccessar
163. y to clearly specify the physical resource mapping of the PRACH in case a PRACH config uration index has more than one mapping alternative If you turn on the Auto Preamble Mapping the software automatically detects fg and tra The values for both parameters are defined in table 5 7 1 4 Frame structure type 2 random access preamble mapping in time and frequency 3GPP TS 36 211 v10 2 0 The frequency resource index and half frame indicator are available in TDD mode Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh APM on page 133 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh FRINdex on page 134 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh HFINdicator on page 134 Selecting a Particular Signal Aspect 6 Analyzing Measurement Results 6 1 The Measurement Settings contain settings that configure various result displays These settings are independent of the signal they adjust the display of the results You can open the dialog box with the Meas Settings softkey The corresponding dialog box is made up of three tabs By default the Selection tab is the active one e Selecting a Particular Signal Aepect 73 e Defining Measurement Ulntts sessi 74 e Defining Various Measurement Parameters sistens 74 e Selecting the Contents of a Constellation Diagram sees 75 e Scaling O 76 S USNO MAKETS TEE 76 Selecting a Particular Signal Aspect In the Selection tab of the Measurement Settings dialog box you can s

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R&S®FSV-K10x LTE UL Measurement