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spectraLIGHT 0200 Machining Center User's Guide

1. K 2 M Codes by K 5 Section L Robotic Intergration How Robotic Integration Works L 2 The Interface GONMB OES L 4 ThE NCCDU E teen ot ch RERO RUD URNA E L 5 A Sample of Mill Robot Communication L 6 A Sample Robotic Integration NC L 9 Index Table of Contents xiii spectraLIGHT 0200 Machining Center User s Guide For Windows 34 7511 0001 User s Guide Section A Installation Section B spectraLIGHT System Hardware Section C Getting to Know the Control Program Section D Tutorial Machining a Sample Part Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference Section F Basic CNC Programming Section G More CNC Programming Section H Advanced CNC Programming Section General Machining Information Section J Safe Machining Center Operation Section K G and M Codes Listed by Group Section L RoboticIntegration WARNING The operation of rotating machinery should only be attempted by experienced knowledgeable individuals Read the entire contents of this guide before running NC programs on the spectraLIGHT Machining Center To avoid possible injur
2. 71 Docking and Floating Windows and 5 E 71 Docking Screen Components E 7 viii spectraLIGHT Machining Center User s Guide Table of Contents Floating Screen Components E 71 The Setup Program uu c cccccscssssssesssesseessessscssecssessscssssssecssessecsssessessessneeseeesecs E 73 Welcome PGnbl ciun eoe eise n opua E 74 lnterface Card Ovis E 74 General Panel sui dodo Coco akin d oo UBI Odi E 74 Conirol Pane onea a Sox HD E 75 Advanced Panel EISE 75 More Advanced E 76 Using the Offset Table E 76 Working in Simulation Mode E 76 Section F Basic Programming The Elements of an NC Part F 2 Categories of NC Code F 3 Incremental Arc Center F 4 Absolute Arc Centers
3. F 4 Skip V Code and Optional Skip F 4 To use the Skip code V 4 To use Skip code V with a parameter F 5 To use the Optional Skip code F 5 To use the Optional Skip code with a parameter F 5 Compensation Offset Value D Code F 5 Feed Rate F Gee F 6 Preparatory Codes F 6 The Interpolation Group F 7 The Units Group des F 7 The Plane Selection Group F7 The Wait Group F 8 The Canned Cycle F 9 The Programming Mode F 9 The Preset Position F 9 The Compensation Functions Group F 10 The Coordinate
4. E 3 osten etae 3 Using Program Edit E 3 Using the Verify E 4 Using the Machine Info E 4 Using the Position Window ssec E 5 Using Tool BUS ote Pe aient NR SH E 6 Using the Standard E 6 Using the Inputs E 7 Using the Outputs E 8 UI Siri GP Ine Lis doeet o neni idi a dd ad eds E 9 Using the Jog Control E 9 Using the Operator E 10 Using the Status lt lt lt E 11 Using the Menu Bar c ccssscssssssscssssssesscssecssesssessecssecseessscssessscssecsnesseeseees E 12 Fil Ment our DR pem nan dia E 12 New Command ccccsssscsssssscccssseccsssseccessssccsssn
5. ond G 10 6 11 Using ERE o RR 6 11 Using cca Ro d 6 12 Subprogram Programming sese ttnntnnncen 6 13 Section H Advanced CNC Programming Using Polar Programming H 2 Using the Homing H 3 Using 28 3 Using 628 in an NC H 4 Using G28 Before Setting Soft Limits H 4 Using 027 cde tne bete d oiii eot EN H 5 Using 020 se tertie itte et RR REI H 6 Using Cutter Compensation H 7 Starting Cutter Compensation 641 642 H 8 Cutter Compensation with IJK Vectors H 11 Setting Cutter Compensation Offsets D H 12 Changing Offset H 13 Changing Offset Sides H 14 Using Corner Offset Cir
6. Default Endpoint 3 Offset Vector Direction IJK Vector Start point Advanced CNC Programming H 15 16 Canceling Cutter Compensation Use the G40 code to cancel cutter compensation G40 is effective for only one move There are six methods for cancelling cutter compensation G40 G40XYZ G40XYZIJK DO DOXYZ G41 42D0XYZIJK With methods 4 through 6 above setting the offset number to zero is the same as cancelling cutter compensation Methods 1 and 4 With method 1 the G40 code cancels cutter compensation The cutter moves from the offset path to the programmed end point The same occurs with method 4 where you set the D value to zero G91G41D1 X 25 Y 25 Z 2 RETRACT G40 OR DO X 5Y 25 M2 Center of compensated tool path A M Center of programmed tool path G40 Tool travels to programmed path Start point User s Guide Section H Advanced Programming Methods 2 and 5 With methods 2 and 5 the G40 or the DO cancels the cutter compensation but a subsequent motion X 5Y 25 is included in the program The tool moves towards the programmed path in the direction of X 5Y 25 G91G41D1 X 25 Y 25 Z 2 RETRACT G40X 5Y 25 M2 Methods 3 and 6 Center of compensated tool path Center of programmed tool path Start poin Tool travels along compensated path towards X 5Y 25 With these methods an IJK vector specifies the directi
7. F 20 Spindle Speed S Code asco capte mee Gon eod ae DIRE F 20 Tool Selection T Code eene F 20 X Axis Coordinate X or U Code F 20 Y Axis Coordinate Y or V F 21 Z Axis Coordinate Z or W F 21 Comment COURS caesus ao bt antec uud ROSE GINE F 21 General Programming Suggestions F 22 Section G More CNC Programming Linear Interpolation Programming 6 2 Circular Interpolation Programming 6 3 Circular Interpolation on Other 6 4 Helical Interpolation 6 5 Rapid Traverse 6 6 Canned Cycle 1 6 7 Using O80 tette re tette t Pet ten 6 7 tete ted 6 8 Using 082 tetto tiet d t ettet Ne 6 9 9 spectraLIGHT Machining Center User s Guide
8. if untitled X Tab Outputs a single backslash character to the file The M22 code supports multiple output files The first occurrence of a filename opens the file In the name M22 FILE OUT A TEXT the output is appended to the file if it exists Each unique filename opens a separate file For backward compatibility empty parentheses M22 TEXT cause the M22 output to go to the first file that was opened with an M22 Reference Guide Section K 47 Rewind Restarts the currently running program takes effect after all motion comes to a stop Use the L code to repeat a finite number of times The L code defines the number of times to run For example M47L2 rewinds once M98 Call to subprogram M99 Return from subprogram Returns you to the block following the initial M98 command Go to Used with P code P code defines N code destination Goes to first occurrence of N code within the main program The N code can not follow any subprogram O code G and M Codes Listed by Group K 7 K 8 Reference Guide Section K Reference Guide Section Robotic Intergration How RoboticIntegration Works The Interface Connector ASample of Mill Robot Communication ASample RoboticIntegration NC Program L 2 HENDRER How Robotic Integration Works The spectraLIGHT Machining Center has a simple interface for interacting with common robots like those used for automatic part loading between machining op
9. 11 Caring for the Computer lt B 11 Caring for Floppy 01 B 11 Section C Getting to Know the Control Program Starting the Control Program C 2 I You Need aet ete tte ec ie C 3 Exploring the Control Program 4 C 4 Standard Tool deaeque C4 Outp ts Tool BOr io eo uso cdd eite mum ae C 6 Inputs Tool BHE oh canker P eit nq no TAL C7 Edit Window oot cac mm NU C 8 Status DUE tede e REDE ER C 9 spectraLIGHT Machining Center User s Guide Table of Contents Position lt C 10 Machine Info Panel cc cccscecescesescescecescesescececcececceceesecessecsececsececsecees C 10 Verify Window sacco ento o Rost t i o m SR eaontenadan C11 Section D Tutorial Machining a Sample Part Safely Running the Machining D 2 S fely C E AEN AAAA EA D 2 Making Emergency Stops D 3 Stopping with the Emergency St
10. Jejndujoo J9juo23 5 A 7 Installation CAUTION Keep the AC power cords separate from the interface cables The power cords can create noise problems with the signal lines in the interface cables A Note to International Users If you need to change the plug on the end of the electrical cord to accommodate 220VAC 50 Hz service the wiring is color coded as follows Line brown Neutral blue Ground green with a yellow stripe The location of the Computer connector on the Controller Box A 8 Route the interface and power cables from the machining center to the Controller Box as shown in the Interconnection diagram Insert the 15 pin plug from the machining center into the 15 pin receptacle marked A amp B AXES on the rear panel of the Controller Box Insert the 9 pin plug from the machining center into the 9 pin receptacle marked C AXIS on the rear panel of the Controller Box Insert the AC power plug from the machining center into the 120VAC three prong receptacle marked SPINDLE on the rear panel of the Con troller Box Make sure all connectors are secured with screw locks Connecting the Machining Center to the Computer The Interface Card spindle cable is attached to the rear panel of the Machining Center and is terminated with a 9 pin plug Insert this plug into the 9 pin re ceptacle on the computer Interface Card you
11. Simultaneous or simulated solid or centerline graphic verification The Machining Center Components There are of course more components on the machining center than those shown here but to begin you need only be concerned with the depicted major components User s Guide Section B Z Axis Stepper Drive Motor Safety Shield Cross Slide Spindle Motor X Axis Stepper Drive Motor Emergency Stop Button Spindle Speed Control Y Axis Stepper Drive Motor CVOOSOHNO spectraLIGHT System Hardware The Main Machine Components The Safety Shield encloses the milling area to help protect the operator from flying chips A magnetic Shield Interlock Switch prevents the machine from operating with the shield open The X Y and Z motion of the machine is performed by Stepper Drive Motors on each axis There are also Limit Switches beneath the way covers next to the drive motor on each axis to prevent the machine from traveling beyond its limits on each axis The Spindle Head supports a 1 3 hp DC permanent magnet Spindle Motor You can t miss the most important control on the machine the Emergency Stop button When pressed this bright red palm button immediately halts machine operation To resume operation the button must be pulled back out It s important that this button be pressed before performing any manual operations like changing the stock or the tooling Use the Spindle Speed switch to establish the spindle spe
12. WARNING DO NOT OPEN NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE 120VAC 120VAC 60Hz 15A The Accessory Kit The Accessory Kit that comes with the machining center contains all the B 4 tools and hardware necessary for installing and maintaining the machin ing center It also contains a collet and tools to get you started other tool holding devices and tools are available as options User s Guide Section B Routine cleaning and lubrication and correct adjustment of the gibs will ensure a long wear life spectraLIGHT System Hardware ENSE RR Maintaining the Machining Center Performing preventative maintenance like routine cleaning lubrication and correct adjustment on your spectraLIGH T Machining Center ensures a longer trouble free life for the machine Adjusting the Gibs and Spindle Gibs are fitted at the rear of the saddle and on the right hand side of the cross slide A gib is a wedge that is adjusted by loosening the gib locking screws and pushing the gib inward until any play is eliminated Correct ad justment of the gibs will ensure smooth and steady operation of the slide If any end play develops in the main spindle it can be eliminated by readjsting the preload unit 1 Remove the upper safety shield from the Machining center Remove the drive belt 2 Remove the main pulley from the spindle 3 Loosen the setscrew and tighten the preload nut while turnin
13. wh O OO 0 2 Click on an Offset Number the numbers 1 through 199 are available This number only acts as a designation a name for the offset 3 Enter an Offset Value in the Value box or select the Current Z button to use the current Z position also useful for defining tool heights if you are using G43 or G44 to specify tool heights 4 Press Enter or click on OK The Offset Value has been associated with the Offset Number The next time you open the Offsets table you will see the new offset E 52 Reference Guide Section E The Offset Table The Offset Table stores up to 200 values which are used in several operations including tool offset adjustment cutter compensation and tool length com pensation to ensure uniform application of an offset value The numbers are stored as unit less values their interpretation depends on the Units default currently in effect Set the values in the Offset Table using the Offsets command under the Setup Menu The Offsets are stored in the WSLM INI file when running with a ma chine and in TESTCTL INI when running in simulation mode Spindle Command Note Use the Spindle command under the Setup Menu to specify a spindle speed This feature does not override an S code if you have not used an S code in your NC program inne HE program The spindle speed is primarily determined by the Mode Switch on the machining center front panel If the Mode Switch is set to Ma
14. 9 Return the Safety Shield to the closed position and pull out the Emergency Stop button 10 Put on a pair of safety glasses and complete the Safety Checklist refer to the Reference Guide Section J Select Run Continue from the Programs Menu The Run Program dialog box appears Program Untitled bd Settings Start at Line fi Verify Settings Cancel 12 Click on the Run Program button 13 As the part program runs observe the tool motion in relation to the vise and eventually the workpiece Look for signs of a possible tool crash and be prepared to press the Emergency Stop switch on the machining center Edit the program as required When you are satisfied that the tool motions are correct you can mount the workpiece D 12 User s Guide Section D Tutorial Machining Sample Part Mount the Workpiece 1 2 3 Using the Jog Keypad jog the spindle up and out of the way Before mounting the workpiece push the Emergency Stop button in Mount the workpiece in the vise leaving at least 1 8 of the stock above the jaws of the vise Take care to position the workpiece parallel to the tool bed To assure that the piece is flat place parallel bars underneath to space it upwards within the vise before clamping Pull the Emergency Stop button out Jog the tool to position the center of the tool tip at the top of the front left corner of the workpiece Jog until the tip of the end mi
15. As an alternative to specifying the center point of an arc I Code J Code or K Code you can specify the arc radius Use the same value for the radius in both absolute and incremental programming modes G02 or G03 specifies the direction of motion Positive values for R radius are specified for arcs up to 180 Negative val ues are used for arcs greater than 180 Full circle arcs cannot be performed with an R code Split the circle into two arcs or use center point I J and K values for full circles Use the R code in canned cycles to specify a Z axis reference point for peck drilling The point can be at the material surface or at another reference point The R code is also used to specify the rotation angle in degrees with the G68 code Spindle Speed 5 Code Use the S code to set the spindle speed from within the NC program Spindle speed is specified by the address character S followed by a parameter that represents the speed in RPM For example 5750 is the designation for a spindle speed of 750 RPM For the spindle speed to have an effect the spindle must be turned on by the M03 command If the spindle is off the spindle speed is stored and used when the spindle is turned on again within the program Use the M05 command to turn the spindle off Tool Selection T Code T codes specify the tool number in the Tool Library in multiple tool ma chining operations Tools are specified by the address character
16. G91 Incremental programming mode The Preset Position Group The preset position G codes move the tool to a predetermined position or affect how future motions will be interpreted The supported Preset Position codes are G27 Check reference point This code moves the machine to its home position and compares the reported position against zero to see if any position has been lost The difference between the reported posi tion and zero is compared to a tolerance value specified using the Setup Program Use the L code in this block to override the tolerance value from the Setup Program G28 Set reference point This code moves the machine to its home posi tion and sets the machine position to 0 0 0 The G28 code performs an automatic calibration of the axes F 9 G92 G98 G99 Set position This code works like the Set Position command under the Setup Menu The X Y and Z coordinates following a G92 code define the new current position of the tool Rapid move to initial tool position after canned cycle complete Rapid move to point R surface of material or other reference point after canned cycle complete The Compensation Functions Group Use the cutter compensation NC codes to automatically compensate for the variations in a cutting tool s radius and length Refer to Section H for more information on using cutter compensation The supported Compensation codes are G39 G40 G41 G42 G43 G44 G45 G46 G47 G4
17. The Plane Selection Group This group of codes allows you to select different planes for circular interpo lation G17 is the Control Program default The supported Plane Selection Group codes are G17 Select the X Y plane for circular interpolation The arc center coor dinates are given by I for the X axis and J for the Y axis G18 Select the X Z plane for circular interpolation The arc center coor dinates are given by I for the X axis and K for the Z axis G19 Select the Y Z plane for circular interpolation The arc center coor dinates are given by J for the Y axis and K for the Z axis Basic CNC Programming F 7 F 8 The Wait Group Wait Group codes apply only to the block in which they appear The program does not continue until the wait conditions are satisfied The supported Wait Group codes are G04 G05 G25 G26 G31 G35 G36 Dwell wait Pause between motions on all axes for the number of seconds specified by the F code then continue the program Because the F code is used to specify the number of seconds you cannot also specify a new feed rate in the same block Example G04F10 Wait for 10 seconds Pause Used for operator intervention Stop motion on all axes until the operator manually resumes program execution using the Run Continue command Wait until TTL input 1 Robot 1 or user input 5 goes high before executing the operations on this block Used for robot synchroniza tion se
18. This is the programmed tool path before cutter compensation is enabled The tool sits at the start point waiting for the first motion command H 8 Starting Cutter Compensation G41 G42 You can start cutter compensation by inserting a G41 for left compensation or G42 for right compensation into your NC program In the example be low left cutter compensation is enabled and the compensation value is equal to offset value 1 from the Offset Table GOXOYO G91 INCREMENTAL G41D1 CUTTER COMP ON G1X 25Y 25 MOVE TO P1 G1X0Y1 MOVE TO P2 G1X 75Y0 MOVE TO P3 G1X 25Y 25 MOVE TO P4 G1X0Y 75 MOVE TO P5 The following illustrations show how the Control Program constructs the compensated tool path for the NC code above P2 Segment 3 x Segment 4 P4 Segment 2 Segment 5 P5 5 5 P1 Tool Start Point User s Guide Section H 2 Because segment 1 begins before cutter compensation is enabled the start point of segment 1 is on the original tool path When cutter compensation is enabled the Control Program creates Offset Vectors perpendicular to each segment of the programmed tool path to determine the compensated tool path Point is located at the intersection of the Offset Vector of segment 2 and a point offset by the value of D on the Offset Vector of segment 1 Point A is located on a path parallel to the tool path offset by the value of D Note Cutter Compensation Startup now moves fo the vector nor
19. Using G48 The G48 code decreases the commanded movement by twice the offset value Note that the G46 code is the same as reversing the positive or negative di rection specified by the offset value of a G47 code Actual Movement Commanded Movement Double Offset Value H 31 32 User s Guide Section Reference Guide Section General Machining Information Feed Rate and Depth of Cut SpindleSpeeds Feed Rate and Spindle Speed Selection Lubricants and Coolants Tool Types Sharpening Tools Feed Rate and Depth of Cut Two terms used in general machining are feed and cut Normal machining on the machining center involves removing material from the surface of the workpiece This is accomplished by advancing the cutting tool into the workpiece by an appropriate amount depth of cut The rate of tool travel is called the feed rate On machines like the spectraLIGHT Machining Center the tool does not advance into the workpiece instead the cross slide moves the workpiece beneath the tool However the same feed rate principle applies The depth of cut is set by the vertical column Z axis drive motor and the feed is controlled by the X and Y axis drive motors The depth of cut and feed rate you select should depend on the turning speed of the spindle the type of material and lubricant used and the type of cutting tool used for the operation Speed u Depth of Cut e r E EE S
20. Absolute coordinate programming All X Y and Z axes coordinates are relative to a 0 0 location on a mill Incremental coordinate programming Each command is relative to the one before it in the program Inch Used to instruct the mill that inches are the unit of measure for the part program Fanuc G20 Metric Used to instruct the mill that millimeters are the unit of measure for the part program Fanuc G21 Dwell wait Equals the value of the feed rate F code in seconds used primarily for robotic operations G04 excludes motion commands with a new feed rate on the same line block Pause Used for operator intervention The order of action for the pause and dwell codes in one NC block is G05 G04 pause dwell Wait for robot input to be high Used in conjunction with H code which specifies input number Used for robot synchronization see Section L Wait for robot input to be low Used in conjunction with H code which specifies input number Used for robot synchronization see Section L Linear to specified coordinate Stop short if specified input goes High if H is positive or Low if H is negative Reference Guide Section K Polar Programming G15 Group G16 Coordinate System Group G53 G54 G55 G56 G57 G58 G59 Canned Cycle G80 Group G81 G82 G83 G84 G85 G86 G89 Preset Position G27 Group G28 G29 G92 G98 G99 G and M Codes Listed by Group Polar programming canc
21. Bi Robot 1 Input Indicates when Robotic Input 1 Reference Guide Section L is on Be Robot 2 Input Indicates when Robotic Input 2 Reference Guide Section L is on C7 Edit Window IMPORTANT Whenever you open an NC part program file it appears in its own edit window These windows have the same characteristics as other Windows 95 Always verify NC programs after editing to ensure that your changes will not cause a tool crash windows scroll bars minimize maximize buttons etc You can have multiple edit windows open at a time the maximum number of which depends on available memory By default each new window is locked you can not edit a locked window To unlock the window use the Lock command under the Edit Menu Herois ho he window part program MILLONE NC appears NO THIS FILE FOR SLM 0200 MILL N1 USE 3 X 2 X 1 5 MACHINABLE WAX N2 INITIALIZE STOCK TO X 0 Y 0 2 0 N3 T1 IS A 1 8 END MILL N4 GO5 N5 06 T01 60 7 1 N7 G90 417 51 333 8 1500 M3 N9 G1 Z 02 F8 N10 G2 X1 583 11 000 J 314 N11 1 000 Y 314 1 401 J1 333 N12 417 Y1 333 11 599 N13 G0 Z 1 N14 1 200 Y1 267 N15 G1 Z 0 User s Guide Section Current function 7 Press CTRL SPACE at any time to perform a keyboard Stop Getting to Know the Control Program Status Bar The left side of the Status Bar provides information about the currently selected function The right side of th
22. NC program verification and running is supported in Simulation Mode Programs will Run in the same amount of time that they would if a machine were attached excluding stops that have indefinite length of stop time see Estimate Runtime The principal difference between Simulation Mode and Normal Mode is since no machine is available to send and receive data there are no Inputs and Outputs The Inputs and Outputs buttons on the toolbars are inoperable If your program contains commands to wait for certain input values that are not the default the events will never occur If the values are the default the wait will occur immediately Reference Guide Section E Reference Guide Section F Basic CNC Programming The Elements of an NC Part Program Categories of NC Code General Programming Suggestions The Elements of an NC Part Program Part programs generally incorporate two types of instructions those which define the tool path such as X Y and Z axis coordinates and those which specify machine operations such as turning the spindle on or off Each in struction is coded in a form the computer can understand An NC program is composed of blocks lines of code The maximum number of blocks per program is limited by the memory RAM on your computer You can if necessary chain programs together to form very large part programs Each block contains a string of words An NC word is a code made up of an
23. T followed by a parameter that represents the number of the tool For example T3 is the designation for tool number three X Axis Coordinate X or U Code An X code specifies the coordinate of the destination along the X axis A U code is used in absolute programming mode G90 to specify an incremental X motion You cannot use the U code to mix incremental and absolute pro gramming in the same block Reference Guide Section F Basic Programming Y Axis Coordinate Y or V Code code specifies the coordinate of the destination along the Y axis The V code is used in absolute programming mode G90 to specify an incremental Y motion You cannot use the V code to mix incremental and absolute pro gramming in the same block Z Axis Coordinate Z or W Code The Z code specifies the coordinate of the destination along the Z axis spindle axis A W code is used in absolute programming mode G90 to specify an incremental Z motion You cannot use the W code to mix incre mental and absolute programming in the same block Comment Codes The Control Program allows you to add comments notes to your NC code lines The Control Program recognizes two comment codes a semicolon and an open parenthesis These two comment codes are equivalent The use of either of these codes within an NC block indicates that a comment follows Comments must follow all other NC codes in the block Comments are ig nor
24. The L code specifies the angle of arc resolution in circular interpolation pro gramming When the system executes a circular motion it actually splits the arc into a series of line segments to approximate the circle The L code speci fies the angle in degrees which a line segment approximates a portion of the arc The smaller the angle the smoother the cut A negative value for L will generate a normalized L factor degrees x radius in inches so larger radii have smaller degree values For example with the default L factor of 1 An arc with a radius of 1 inch will have line segments approximating ev ery 1 degree of the arc An arc with a radius of 5 inches will have line segments approximating every 2 degrees of the arc Degrees L R or Degrees 1 5 which is 2 The default setting for the machining center is 1 and typically this will work quite well You may notice the machining center hesitating on arcs if the resolution is too fine The L code can be a fraction of a degree such as L 5 but it must be large enough so the machining center will move at least the mini mum motion 0005 on each of the straight line motions Use the L code with u M98 code as a loop counter for subprograms u The M47 code as a program cycle counter to repeat a program a finite number of times u G27 code to specify tolerance with homing commands this is an LMC specific NC language extension The differenc
25. E 7 Shift Z axis code K 4 Show Tool E 47 Simulation Mode E 76 Single Step E 10 E 42 Skip code F 3 F 4 Soft Limits command E 39 E 55 Software installation A 11 Solid command E 66 Solid Options E 47 Specifying Depth of cut code G 7 Length of dwell code G 7 Number of repeats code G 7 Starting reference point code G 7 Speed spindle B 2 Spindle Adjusting the B 5 Command E 39 E 53 Disable 54 Motor off code K 5 Motor on code K 5 Output C 6 E 8 Settings E 75 Speed code F 3 F 20 Speed override 10 Speed selection 1 3 Speeds 1 3 Standard Toolbar C 4 E 6 Starting block E 30 Starting reference point code 6 7 Status Bar C 9 E 11 Stock dimensions E 46 Stock Panel Verify Settings E 46 Stop command 5 E 7 E 10 E 30 E 34 Stop redraw E 66 Straight drilling G 8 Straight drilling code G 7 Style E 45 Subprogram Block number code F 3 F 19 Call to code 7 Reference block code F 3 F 19 G 13 Return from code K 7 Subprograms E 25 G 13 Enable E 42 Nested G 13 System requirements A 10 1 F 3 F 20 Tapping Cycle code G 7 Threads G 10 Technical Support A 13 Tile command E 59 Time 9 E 11 Tip of the Day command E 60 E 62 Tool Change code K 5 Change Settings E 76 Defining a D 8 Length offset H 29 Length offset code F 3 F 11 K 4 Library E 36 New creating a E 35 Offset adjust H 30 Offsets establishing H 25 Safety J 4 Selection code F 3 F 20 Shaft Height command E 74 Sharpening 1 5 Type E
26. M105 l MEAN IT Warning Message pauses M105 W Wb Clears current message beeps times and doesn t pause Block Number N Code N codes have two uses u To provide destinations for Gotos M99 elsewhere in the program u To clearly show the organization of the code and improve readability Using the N code is optional however when you do use the N code it must be the first character in the block Other than for the above stated uses N codes are ignored by the Control Program Their presence absence or sequential value does not affect the ex ecution of the NC program in any way unless the target of a goto is missing You may have N codes on some blocks and not on others N code sequence numbers do not have to be in order but regular sequential order does make it easier to follow and reference sections of the program The Control Program can change the N codes in a program by inserting removing or renumbering the codes Reference Guide Section F Basic Programming Subprogram Block Number 0 Code The O code is used to indicate the start of a subprogram and must be fol lowed by a number which identifies the subprogram The O code replaces the N code in the first block of the subprogram To call a subprogram use the M98 code use the P code to specify which subprogram to execute To return from the subprogram use the M99 code Only the first block in the subprogram contains the O code The remain
27. Multiple Coordinate Systems 5 H 28 Using Tool Length Offset Codes H 29 Using Tool Offset Adjust Codes H 30 Using 30 IRIDiD i H 31 Using ERE EH EE H 31 Using 640 ede ettet eti eiie len H 31 Section General Machining Information Feed Rate and Depth of 1 2 Spindle SpBeds ip tad I 3 Feed Rate and Spindle Speed Selection I 3 Lubricants and Coolants 1 3 Fool TVD OSs bee both adt UR ratam i a A 1 4 End MIS 1 4 Center Dit 62265501 1 4 BorntfeT69ls odiosa ede D ae Dile a Met hun EN didus 1 4 Sharpening Tools neues carter re e RM eate 1 5 Section J Safe Machining Center Operation Safety 1 2 Safety Chetklist ooa ERE RR DER DEDE HM J 6 naaa Reich teta cda 7 Emergency SIO DS cox oov adt D naa M Mn ito lt o ERE RI dud J 8 spectraLIGHT Machining Center User s Guide Section K G and Codes Listed by Group G Codes by
28. Subprograms are used to execute repetitive routines in an NC program Since a subprogram can be called again and again you don t have to enter the same data more than once This is especially useful if the machining operation you wish to repeat is lengthy or complex The NC codes used for subprogram ming on the spectraLIGHT Machining Center are M98 Call to subprogram M99 Return from subprogram P Code The P code is used to reference the first line of the subprogram which begins with an O code The P code immediately follows an M98 L Code The L code is used as a loop counter when used in subprogram ming The computer executes the subprogram as many times as de fined by the L code For instance if the code is L5 the subprogram is executed five times Optional O Code The O code replaces the N code on the first line of a subprogram A subprogram is called by an M98 and a P code When an M98 calls the sub program the main program is interrupted while the subprogram is executed The P code references the subprogram s address the first line of the subpro gram The first line of the subprogram uses an O code instead of an N code for line numbering When the M99 is executed the main portion of the NC program continues to execute from the line after the subprogram was called Subprogram calls can also nested within other subprogram calls This means that while a subprogram is being executed it can call another subpro
29. gram The default number of levels that subprograms can be nested is 20 lev els deep You can change the default by using the Setup Program click on the Setup icon in the WSLM program group 6 13 ASample NCSubprogram G05 M03S1000 SAMPLE OF SUBPROGRAM USE 7 25 X 3 00 STOCK FOR VERIFY GOX1Y1Z 1 RAPID TO 1 1 1 ad Rae M98P1000L4 RUN SUBPROGRAM 1000 FOUR TIMES The M98 calls the subprogram that begins on line 01000 referenced by P1000 and tells it to repeat G90G0X0Y0Z 1 M2 END OF MAIN PROGRAM 01000 SUBPROGRAM TO MILL SQUARE AND MOVE TO NEXT POINT G90G1Z 1F2 PLUNGE AT CURRENT LOCATION G91 INCREMENTAL COORDINATE X1F5 FIRST MOVE FEED RATE 5 1 SECOND MOVE X 1 THIRD MOVE Y 1 FOURTH MOVE G90G0Z 1 RAPID UP ABOVE WORK G91X1 5 RAPID TO START OF NEXT SQUARE M99 RETURN FROM SUBPROGRAM 6 M Reference Guide Section G Reference Guide SectionH Advanced CNC Programming Using Polar Programming Using the Homing Commands Using Cutter Compensation Using Scaling and Rotation Codes Multiple Tool Programming Understanding Coordinate Systems Using Tool Length Offset Codes Using Tool Offset Adjust Codes a ete Using Polar Programming Using polar coordinates allows you to specify a radius and an angle by speci fying a G16 code polar programming on then X and Y codes The X code specifies the radius The Y code specifies the angle in degrees A G15 is used to cancel the pol
30. in which arc centers are always incremental If this box isn t checked the default mode is EIA 274 in which arc centers follow the general programming mode absolute when the mode is absolute and incremental when the mode is incremental Treat Warnings as Errors This command is used for special applications such as laser welding where you don t want any unexpected pauses in the program execution For example when a warning is displayed and the program pauses waiting for your input before it continues When this item is checked any warning will halt the program performing a program Stop When motion is stopped all outputs are turned off Restore Unit Mode When Done If you normally work in one unit mode inch or metric but would like to run a program in another mode without disrupting your default settings check this box E43 Select a specific unit mode by using one of the G20 G21 G70 G71 commands at the beginning of your NC program Once the NC program is executed your default unit mode will be restored For instance if you normally work in Inch Mode but have a particular pro gram you would like to run in Metric Mode check the Restore Unit Mode When Done box Place a G21 code at the beginning of your program then run it When the program is finished the default for your system will still be Inch Mode Verify While Running If this box is checked the Verify window will display the program verificati
31. the Interface Card Do not get the Interface Card mixed up with the par allel port which uses the same type of connector 5 A 6 Checking Your Installation After installing the Interface Card replace the computer chassis cover Connect the computer power cord and turn the computer on The computer should perform an internal check run the operating system and display a C gt prompt your computer may automatically start Windows if so programmed If the PC fails to start up turn off the power open the chassis and check your installation to be sure that the Interface Card is located in an appropriate slot and is properly seated When the C gt prompt appears turn off the power and install the other hard ware components Connecting the Machining Center The following paragraphs review the procedures for connecting your computer with the machining center and Controller Box The Interconnection Diagram on the following page has been provided as a visual aid for the recommended connections WARNING Do not connect power to the machining center the Controller Box or the computer until instructed to do so in the following procedures Never connect or disconnect the cables with the power on This will cause damage to the Controller Box drive components Operate the machining center with all cables firmly secured Connecting the Machining Center to the Controller Box The interface cables and power cords are
32. u Interface Card General Control u Advanced u Advanced E 73 Note On all panels the Default button resets the Control Program to use factory set defaults for the values on the current panel All values on the panels are based on the unit of measure selected on the Welcome Panel Note Increasing the maximum number or depth of subprograms requires slightly more memory Unless you use NC programs with complex subprograms you should not need to change these values E 74 Welcome Panel This panel provides one option Units Default This option sets the default unit of measure for the Control Program and the Setup Program When running the Control Software you can change the default using the Units command under the Setup Menu Interface Card Panel This panel allows you to change the Interface Card Address Once you have installed the Interface Card and software and performed the initial Setup this address should not change The only time you might consider changing the address is if there is a hardware conflict General Panel This panel allows to you alter several software defaults u Offline starts the Control Program in Simulate Mode without checking for a machine connection Decimal Places for Inch Values controls the display of values in dialog boxes When in Metric mode the software displays 1 less than the speci fied number of decimal places Tool Shaft Height contro
33. when components are not returned in the original packing materials Installation Technical Support Should you require technical assistance contact your local Light Machines dealer If you are unable to resolve your problem through your local dealer free technical support is available by phone fax or email from 8 15 A M to 5 00 P M EST Before Calling Make sure you have the following information gathered before contacting our Technical Support group The product serial number The name of the owner of the product The specifications of your computer e g hard drive size clock speed etc 9 Notes on any Control Program error messages When you call make sure you have access to both your machining center and your computer This will allow our technical support representatives to walk through the problem with you Our technical support numbers are U 5 800 221 2763 Canada 800 637 4829 Fax 603 625 2137 email supportZlmcorp com WWW Site http www lmcorp com lmcorp Warranty Light Machines products excluding software carry a one year limited war ranty from date of purchase Defective products may be returned for repair or replacement according to the conditions outlined in the Terms and Conditions of Sale agreement If you need to return a product call Light Machines and a Technical Support representative will issue you a Return Materials Authori zation number RMA You
34. 26 Select Font Command essent E 27 MORS o eei tit dern asian cael petet E 28 Position Command E 28 Machine Info Command E 28 Jog Control 28 Operator Panel E 29 Verify Window E 29 Toolbars Command e E 29 Program Meninin e eH He p eee Us E 30 Run Continue Command E 30 Verify Command cecsssesssscsssecssseccsssessssecsssecssssecsssecssnecssssecsssecesneesssses E 32 Estimate Runtime Command E 33 Pause Commandera 33 Feedhold Command E 34 Stop Command E 34 mew T E 35 Setup Library E 35 Setup Tool Wizard E 37 Select Tool Command e E 38 Setup Menus SERRE Rm Ore E 39 Set Position Command e eeeeetnntttttnnnnn E 40 Zero Position E 40 Jog Settings 41 R
35. 5 N4G0Z1 N5G51X1Y1Z011 5J1 75K1 SCALING ON N6G0Z 5 N7X1Y1 5 N8G1Z 1F10 N9G2Y 5J 5 N10GO0Z1 N11G50 CANCEL SCALING The values for X Y and Z in line 5 represent the absolute position of the scaling center The I J and K values represent the scale factors for the X Y and Z axes respectively When scaling each axis individually you do not use a P code Verify H 19 CAUTION Performing Z axis mirroring is an advanced operation Use extreme caution when machining a negative Z scaling factor Note If you do not specify a scale factor for an axis the value of that axis defaults to a factor of 1 In this example negative and J values create mirror image of the original shape H 20 Creating Mirror Images with Scaling You can create mirror images of shapes by specifying negative values for I J and K The NC program below uses negative I and J values to create a mirror image of the original shape on the XY plane the scaling codes are in bold print NOGOZ 5 N1X1Y1 5 N2G1Z 1F10 N3G2Y 5J 5 N4G0Z1 N5G51X1Y1ZOl 1J 1K1 SCALING ON N6G0Z 5 N7X1Y1 5 N8G1Z 1F10 N9G2Y 5J 5 N10GO0Z1 N11G50 CANCEL SCALING The values for X Y and Z in line 5 represent the absolute position of the scaling center The I J and K values represent the scale factors for the X Y and Z axes respectively Notice the negative I and J values for mirroring on the XY plane Remember that performing Z axis mir
36. F 6 Feed rate Code F 3 F 6 Defined 1 2 Override E 10 Selection 1 3 Settings E 75 Feedhold command E 30 E 34 File Default E 57 Locking state E 11 Menu E 12 Modified state E 11 Find command E 20 E 22 Floating screen component E 71 Floating windows E 70 E 71 Fuses checking and changing B 4 G G code F 3 F 6 Canned cycle group F 9 Compensation functions group F 10 Coordinate system group 11 Interpolation group F 7 Plane selection group F 7 Polar programming group F 11 Preset position group F 9 Programming mode group F 9 Units group F 7 Wait group F 8 General Panel Setup Program E 74 Gibs adjusting B 5 Glasses safety J 2 Go to Code K 7 Command E 65 E 66 Line command E 20 24 E 64 Offset 51 Position command E 39 E 49 H Hcode F 3 11 B 5 Hardware installation A 4 Helical interpolation G 5 Help Command C 5 E 6 E 60 Index command E 60 Selecting C 3 Hide command E 65 E 66 E 67 spectraLIGHT Machining Center User s Guide Index Home E 49 Homed state E 11 Homing C 9 Homing commands using the H 3 Hot Keys E 68 F 3 F 12 1 0 connector B 4 Ignore spaces command E 25 Inch command E 64 Inch programming code K 2 Incremental arc center code F 4 Incremental arc centers code F 3 Incremental coordinate programming code K 2 Incremental X motion code F 3 Incremental Y motion code F 3 Incremental Z motion code F 3 Index command E 60 Initial tool position E 47 Input
37. Move the tool to the desired in 0 in px position 2 Select Set Position from the p Setup Menu The Set Position dialog box appears Y Enter new X position Z 01 in Enter a new Y position Enter a new Z position Cancel Press Enter or click on The new position is displayed in the Position Window Zero Position Command Use the Zero Position command under the Setup Menu to reset the point of origin 0 0 0 at any position on the machining center Since the tool length and the workpiece position on the cross slide may vary from one tooling setup to another the zero position must be initialized each time the setup is changed This command is also available under the Position Window Pop up Menu To set the zero point 1 Move the tool to the point on the workpiece you intend to establish as the zero point 2 Select Zero Position from the Setup Menu The new position 0 0 0 is displayed in the Position Window X 0 0000 in 0 0000 in 5 0 0000 in Reference Guide Section E J og 2 ontro After setting the jog speeds and steps in the Jog Settings dialog box the tool is easily moved using the Speed and Step buttons on the Jog Control Panel Control Program Reference Jog Settings Command Use the Jog Settings command to open the Jog Settings dialog box This dialog box is used to enter speed and distance values for the Jog Control Panel The Jog Settings command is also
38. Multiple tool Codes using H 24 Programming H 24 Multiplier E 36 N N code F 3 F 18 NC Code categories of F 3 Code for robotic communication B 5 Part programs F 2 Programming setting E 74 Negative Limit Input C 7 E 7 New command 5 E 6 12 13 New Controller Box Setup Program E 75 New tool creating a E 35 Num Lock C 9 E 11 Num Teeth E 36 Number of blocks 9 Number of repeats code 6 7 0 Ocode F 3 F 19 6 13 Offset Command E 39 Number E 52 Number code K 4 Sides changing H 14 Table 53 K 4 Table using the E 76 Values changing H 13 Open command C 5 E 6 12 E 14 Opening a recent program E 19 Operator Panel E 7 E 10 E 29 Operator Panel command C 5 E 28 Optional Skip Software command E 10 E 42 Code F 3 F 4 Optional Stop Software command E 10 E 42 E 43 Code K 5 Options Panel Verify Settings E 47 Origin E 46 Output designation 1 0 connector B 4 Output to file code K 6 Outputs Toolbar C 6 E 8 P P code F 3 19 P code calling subprograms with G 13 Panels positioning E 70 Password Changing 58 Creating E 58 Paste command C 5 E 6 E 20 E 21 E 63 Pause C code for K 5 M code for K 2 Software command C 5 E 7 E 30 E 33 Peck Depth code F 3 F 19 Drilling code G 7 Drilling cycles G 9 Personal computer requirements A 3 Plane selection codes K 4 Polar programming H 2 Cancel code K 3 Code K 3 Pop up Menu Jog Control Panel E 66 Position Window E 64 Program Edit Windo
39. NC if untitled t TAB Outputs a single V character Example Start of file Process a single part Output part time statistics to c Reports Stats txt c Reports directory must exist M22 c Reports Stats txt A Part C processed in GTC M47 L50 We want to process 50 parts Reference Guide Section F M99 Return from Subprogram Goto The M99 code has two specific uses it can be used as a command to return from a subprogram or it can be used as a goto command Using M99 with subprograms When used in a subprogram this code returns you to the block following the last M98 Call to Subprogram command If the M98 used an L code to specify multiple calls to the subprogram the M99 will return to the block containing the M98 until all the specified number of subprogram calls have been made then it will proceed to the block following the M98 You can use the P code plus a block number to override the block returned to however if this feature is used from a nested subprogram call all return tar gets are discarded The rules for a Goto target block apply to this use as well Using M99 as a Goto command This command can be used in the main NC program as a Goto command to jump to any line before the first subprogram as denoted by the code Use the P code to identify the block number being jumped to Control is transferred to the first occurrence of this N code it cannot be used to trans fer control
40. Program Tools Setup Window Simulate Mode 1996 97 Light Machin n a u 2 ojoje Toolbar Outputs _ Untitledi_ Toolbar Inputs Toolbar Control Program Reference E 69 Docking Area The gray portion of the screen where toolbars windows and information areas are placed as stationary objects All the toolbars windows and panels found under the View Menu can be repositioned The toolbars include u Inputs Toolbar u Outputs Toolbar u Standard Toolbar The windows include u Position Window u Machine Info Window u Jog Control Panel u Operator Panel u Verify Window E 70 b lt Positioning Screen Components The Control Program interface is easily configured and optimized by open ing closing resizing and repositioning the screen components Positioning Toolbars You can reposition any of the toolbars Standard Inputs or Outputs simply by dragging them off their docking areas Once away from the docking area the toolbar becomes a floating window which can be treated the same as any other window E G move it resize it close it To move the toolbar click on the toolbar background the area behind the buttons and drag Positioning Windows and Panels The windows and panels Position Window Machine Info Jog Control Panel Operator Panel Verify Window are initially docked on the docking area on th
41. Reference Guide Section F Basic Programming To use Skip code with a parameter Use the Skip code with a parameter to instruct the Control Program to execute the line of code every nth pass Place the code at the beginning of the line you wish to skip The syntax is n where n is the number of passes between executions For example if you want to execute a block of code every 5 passes place 5 as the first code at the beginning of the block To use the Optional Skip code 1 Place the code at the beginning of the line you wish to skip 2 Select the Optional Skip option from the Run Settings dialog box or the Operator Panel When you run the NC program the specified line will be skipped If you do not select the Optional Skip option in the Run Settings dialog box the skip code is ignored and the line is executed normally To use the Optional Skip code with a parameter Use the Optional Skip code with a parameter to instruct the Control Program to execute the line of code every nth pass Place the code at the beginning of the line you wish to optionally skip The syntax is n where n is the number of passes between executions For example if you want to execute a block of code every 5 passes place 5 as the first code at the beginning of the block Compensation Offset Value D Code The D code is used to select a value from the Control Program Offset Table For example D1 selects entry num
42. Tools Menu The SetupTools dialog box appears There are already a number of tools defined but there is no 1 8 end mill You need to make one Description ea Diameter 0125 Tool Type Undefined Station fi Num Heigh Ofser Material High Speed Steel Edit Tool Materials Tool 12 Haste Tool Library Yv arent Diameter Offset Tool 13 zi you Cancel d 2 In the Tool Library scroll box scroll down to an undefined tool We have selected Tool 11 which is undefined at this point Highlight the undefined tool number by clicking on it with your mouse In the Tool Type pull down list select End Mill Enter End Mill in the Description box Enter 0 125 in the Diameter box Click on the Apply button You have just defined a new tool in the li brary From now on whenever you need an 1 8 HSS end mill it will be there User s Guide Section D Here is the newly defined tool 1 8 HSS end mill that has four teeth and a height offset of 1 5 inches These are the same tool parameters you will use when actually machining the Millone nc part Tutorial Machining a Sample Port 7 Setup Tool Library Click on OK to exit the Tool Library Select the Tool for Verification 1 Select the Select Tool command from the Tools Menu The Select Tool for Use dialog box appears Select the tool you previo
43. a differ ent point on the surface of the workpiece There are seven coordinate system codes One of these codes G53 is used to rapid to specified machine coordinates The other six codes allow you to make up to six individual parts on the same workpiece by specifying different work coordinate systems for each part The coordinate system codes are G54 through G59 referring to coordinate systems 1 through 6 respectively These coordinate systems may be set through the Coordinate Systems command on the Setup Menu The Polar Programming Group The Polar Programming Group codes allow you to perform polar program ming operations based on polar coordinates The polar coordinates are defined by X radius and Y angle in degrees when programming for the X Y plane Refer to Section H for more information on using polar programming The supported Polar Programming codes are G15 Polar programming ON G16 Polar programming OFF Input Selection Number Tool Length Offset H Code The H code has multiple uses It can be used to specify inputs input state changes outputs and offset amounts Use the H code in conjunction with u The wait codes G25 and G26 to specify the input number If the H code is not used with these G codes input 5 is assumed u The wait code G31 to specify input change to high or low If the H code is not used with this G code input 5 High is assumed The tool length offset codes G43 and G44 to specif
44. an existing coordinate system from the fly out menu Select one of the available coordinate systems available CS1 through CS6 these are equivalent to using the codes G54 through G59 in your NC program OR Select the Work Coordinates command to cancel the Coordinate System offsets and return to Work Coordinates Reference Guide Section E To define a new coordinate system 1 Select Coordinate Systems from the Setup Menu 2 Select Setup from the fly out menu The Setup Coordinate Systems dia log box appears Setup Coordinate Systems x m Offsets r Preview Offset from Reference Point x 4 0500 0 22 EN Current Pos 45 5 5 H 3 H __2 85 x 0 Paste Offsets Apply 3 Select a coordinate system then enter and apply the offsets a Select a CS from the System list The system titled Work CS contains the current values for the work coordinate system This is like adding a G92 code to your NC pro gram You can change the default for the work coordinate system by entering new values in the Offsets boxes These values are an offset from the true origin of a coordinate system and affect all coordinate systems b Select the offsets for a user coordinate system by u Entering X Y and Z offset values in the Offsets boxes u Clicking the Current Pos button to establish offset values based on the current tool position u Selecting a Marker in the Preview Area
45. available through the Jog Control Panel Pop up Menu To set jog parameters l Select fog Settings from the Setup Menu The Jog Settings dialog box appears Jog Settings x Speeds Medium fi 5 in min Fast 25 in min Distances Step Sizes Step 0 001 in Step B 0 01 in Step C 01 2 Enter the desired jog speeds and distances 3 Select OK or press Enter The new values are applied to the Jog Control Panel Jog Speed The jog speed is the rate at which the tool moves along the X Y or Z axes Select the speed by entering the desired speed in the Jog Settings dialog box then press the appropriate button Slow Medium or Fast on the Jog Con trol Panel The default values for speed are u 11 for Slow u 15 ipm for Medium u 25 ipm for Fast These feed rates can be set as high as 30 inches per minute Jog Distance Steps Distance values determine how far the tool moves each time a key is pressed Referred to as Steps the distance is selected by pressing the A B or C buttons on the Jog Control Panel Using the Jog Settings dialog box the distance can be set at a low value for instance 0 0005 inch to move the tool for a precise cut or at a high value e g 5 inches to position a tool EAT E 42 Pressing the Continuous Cont button moves the tool continuously as long as the axis button is depressed Once the axis button is released the tool stops These
46. block remains in effect until superseded by M09 M09 ACCI Off Turns off accessory ACCI outlet after the motion specified in the program block remains in effect until superseded by M08 M10 Clamp ACC2 Turns on ACC2 Closes air vise accessory concurrently with the motion specified in the program block remains in effect until superseded by M11 Unclamp ACC2 Turns off ACC2 Opens air vise accessory after the motion specified in the program block remains in effect until superseded by M10 M25 Set robot output Used for robot synchronization Used in conjunction with H code to specify output number M26 Set robot output Used for robot synchronization Used in conjunction with H code to specify output number G and M Codes Listed by Group K 5 Program Management Group M20 M22 Chain to Next Program This code appears at the end of a part program and is followed on the next line by the file name of another program which is executed when all motion stops Here s an example of a part program chain to another program N37Z 2 N38M20 PROGRAM TWO If the two programs you are chaining are not in the same directory you must specify the full pathname for each file If the specified file is not found the Open dialog box appears so you can locate it Output to file Outputs information to a file The first time the Control Program encounters an M22 code it opens the specified file You must enclose the name of the
47. by a value specified by H Cancel Tool Length Offsets Specifies the offset number from the Offset Table Increases the movement amount by the value of D Decreases the movement amount by the value of D Increases the movement amount by twice the value of D Decreases the movement amount by twice the value of D Specifies the offset number from the Offset Table Reference Guide Section K M Codes by Group Program Stop End Group M00 Pause Allows you to place a pause in your code Acts like a G05 pause M01 Optional Stop Allows you to place an optional stop in your code Place an MOI in the block of code where you would like to pause With Optional Stop on the MOI works like a G05 With Optional Stop off the MOI code is ignored the other codes on the block are executed as usual M02 End of Program Takes effect after all motion has stopped turns off drive motors spindle and accessory outlets M30 Program stop Same as M02 Spindle Group M03 Spindle Motor On Activated concurrently with motion specified in the program block remains in effect until superseded by M05 M05 Spindle Motor Off Activated after the motion specified in the program block remains in effect until superseded by M03 Tool Change Group M06 Tool Change Used in conjunction with a T code to perform multiple tool operations See Section H 1 0 Group M08 ACCI On Turns on accessory ACCI outlet concurrently with the motion specified in the program
48. can be established anywhere on the system by using either the Set Position command or the G92 code Within the Work Coordinates you can set separate coordinate systems using the codes G54 through G59 or the Setup Coordinate Systems dialog box If you reset the Work Coordinates either with a G92 code or in the dialog box the 054 059 Coordinate System offsets will change accordingly If you Home the machine while using Coordinate systems the offsets will not be affected E 50 Units Command Use the Units command under the Setup Menu to select the unit of measure for the application When you select the Units command a fly out menu ap pears allowing you the option of using Inch standard or Metric measurement v Inch Coordinate Systems 2 Metric Offsets Coordinate Systems Command Use the Coordinate Systems command under the Setup Menu to define multiple coordinate systems for machining more than one workpiece This is often done for production runs of the same part This command is also available under the Position Window Pop up Menu To select an existing coordinate system 1 Select Coordinate Systems from the Setup Menu The coordinates fly out menu appears Units Coordinate Setup Offsets Work Coordinates Spindle v G54 UserCS 1 Backlash G55 User C5 2 Soft Limits G56 User CS 3 G5 User CS 4 G58 User C5 5 659 User CS Preferences 2 Select
49. click on Cancel to exit the Preferences dialog box without setting new Editor or Security preferences To access Help for this panel Select the Help button to access the Help files for this panel Reference Guide Section E Window Menu The Window Menu commands allow you to manipulate the arrangement of Window the Program Edit Windows Cascade Tis Command Used to Arrange Icons Cascade Layer the open edit windows v 1 Millone nc Tile Tile the open edit windows Arrange Icons Arrange any minimized edit windows along the bot tom of the edit area Window List Display and select between the currently open NC programs by their file names Cascade Command Similar to the standard Windows Cascade command this command places the open Program Edit Windows in a layered format cascading down to the right with the currently selected window on top Tile Command Similar to the standard Windows Tile command Places the open Program Edit Windows in a tiled format filling the Edit Area from top to bottom Arrange Icons Command When you minimize a Program Edit Window it becomes a small icon The Arrange command under the Window Menu arranges these icons along the bottom of the edit area Window List Command Lists the currently open Program Edit Windows The currently selected win dow is designated with a check mark You may select any window by clicking on the window itself or by selecting the window name
50. codes are used in conjunction with canned cycle codes G98 Rapid to initial position after canned cycle complete this is the system default G99 Rapid to point R after canned cycle complete K Code Specifies the number of repeats The default is 1 When K 0 drilling data is stored P Code Specifies the length of dwell time in seconds Q Code Specifies the depth of cut In peck drilling each peck uses the same value The Q value is always positive If a negative value is specified it is converted to a positive value Code Used for specifying a starting reference point for peck drilling The point can be at the material surface or at another reference point Using G80 To cancel a canned cycle use the G80 code This code cancels the currently running canned cycle and resumes normal operation All other drilling data is canceled as well You can also cancel canned cycles by using a G00 or G01 code a G80 is automatically performed before the G00 or G01 More CNC Programming 6 7 If we specified G99 here instead of a G98 the tool would rapid to point R instead of the initial point 6 8 Using G81 The G81 code performs straight drilling operations By specifying an R value of zero the tool will return to the initial point after drilling to point Z Here is a sample G81 program GOX1Y1Z 1 RAPID TO 1 1 1 G81G98Z 5ROF2 DRILL TO DEPTH OF 5 RAPID TO INITIAL POINT G80 CANCEL CANNED CYCLE M2 END PROGRAM This p
51. coordinate system one The remaining lines of code instruct the machine to cut a square in a piece of stock Using G28 Before Setting Soft Limits Remember Soft Limits are based on Machine Coordinates You can not use Soft Limits until you have set the machine to the reference point using the Set Check Home command under the Setup Menu User s Guide Section H Advanced Programming Using G27 The G27 code can only be used after you have set a reference point using the Reference Point Wizard If you have not previously established a reference point a warning is generated and the G27 code is skipped After you have set a reference point using the Reference Point Wizard you can use the G27 code to check the actual machine position against the expected machine position This command causes the machine to perform a homing like function mov ing each axis independently from its current position to the reference point You can then manually compare the current position to the one set by the G28 G27 also takes an optional position specified by XYZ This position is called the intermediate position You do not need to specify all axes for the interme diate point but for each axis that you specify the current coordinate for the intermediate point is updated to that value Only axes that have specified coorinates move when you specify an intermediate point For example if the first intermediate point commanded is G27Z 6 the in
52. cursor is moved to the end of the program Renumber Command Use the Renumber command under the Edit Menu to alter the N codes in your NC program The Renumber command can be used to u Insert N codes in a program that has none u Remove N codes from a program Renumber the N codes in a program u Insert remove or ignore spaces between NC commands u Remove comments from the program Insert N Codes To insert or renumber the N codes in your program l Select Renumber from the Edit Menu The Renumber Format Program dialog box appears Renumber Format Program Ea Renumber RenumberN Codes N Code fi C Remove N Codes Increment fi C Ignore N Codes Spaces Other Options Insert Spaces C Remove Spaces C Ignore Spaces Remove Comments Cancel Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference 2 Select Renumber N Codes or press Alt N 3 Click on the Start N Code box or press Alt T then enter the number of the first N code The default starting number is N1 4 Click on the Increment box or press Alt I then enter the increment you wish to use For instance if you wish to have each N code numbered in increments of 5 enter 5 in the Start N Code box and enter 5 in the In crement box The N code sequence will then be N5 N10 N15 N20 and so on This option is useful if you are renumbering a portion of the program to inserted into another program and the
53. defaults Tip of the Day Command This command brings up information about the operation of the machining cen ter tips and tricks for using the Control Program and NC programming ideas About WSLM Command This command simply brings up an information box Included is informa tion on the Control Program version number the release date and copyright information Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference Selecting Commands There are a few different ways to select commands in the Control Program Use the method that is most convenient for you Select a Command Using Pop Up Menus Clicking the right mouse button on certain windows or panels brings up a pop up menu Each pop up menu is context sensitive Commands which cannot be performed at that time are grayed out To select a pop up menu command l Position the cursor on the window or panel 2 Click and hold down the right mouse button The context sensitive menu appears 3 Highlight a command by moving the mouse pointer over it then release the right mouse button The following windows have pop up menus u Program Edit Window u Position Window u Verify Window Jog Control Panel The Machine Info Window and Operator Panel only provide the Dockable and Hide commands on their Pop up menus Program Edit Window Pop up Menu The Program Edit Window Pop Up Menu con tains
54. designation 1 0 connector B 4 Input selection code F 3 Input selection number code F 11 Inputs Toolbar C 7 7 Insert N Codes E 24 Spaces E 25 Installation Control Program A 11 Getting ready for A 2 Hardware A 4 Interface Card A 4 Software 11 Interface Card Address E 74 Interface Card installation A 4 Interface Card Panel Setup Program E 74 Interlock switch D 3 Interpolation Circular G 3 Linear G 2 J Jcode F 3 F 12 Jog Control Command 28 5 Panel E 6 E 9 Pop up Menu commands E 66 Jog distance E 41 settings 41 Jog Settings command E 39 Jog speed 41 K K code F 3 F 12 Key lock switch B 4 L Lcode F 3 F 13 G 13 Lead screw bushings adjusting B 5 Length of dwell code G 7 Limit switches D 3 Linear Interpolation Code K 2 Programming G 2 Linear motion code K 2 Lista de seguridad J 7 Lock command 9 20 26 Loop counter code F 3 F 13 6 13 Lubricants 1 3 M code F 3 F 14 Machine components B 3 Machine coordinates H 27 Machine Info command E 28 Machine Info Window E 4 E 31 Machining Center Connections A 6 Unpacking the A 3 Maintenance preventative B 5 Maximum blocks per program F 2 Menu Bar C 4 E 12 Message Bar E 3 31 Metric code K 2 Metric command E 64 Mill robot communication B 1 B 6 Miscellaneous codes F 3 F 14 Mode Administrator E 58 Mode change E 58 Mode User E 58 More Advanced Panel Setup Program E 76 Multiple coordinate systems H 28
55. file in parentheses for the Control Program to recognize it The proper format for using this code is M22 filename ext A text and macros Items in brackets are optional except that a filename is required for the first M22 If no text is specified to be output to the file the current axis positions are output M22 automatically adds a tilde to the output text so the next M22 starts on a new line in the file If you use more than one M22 only the first occurrence must have the filename in the parentheses The remaining M22 s may have empty parentheses If you want to generate more than one file at a time you must include the filename each time you specify M22 If a filename is not specified the first file opened is used Following is a list of special codes that can be used with M22 to generate run time reports X Current X position in current coordinate system Y Current Y position in current coordinate system Z Current Z position in current coordinate system tilde New line starts a new line in the file TD Time of day 12hour 11 59 59AM Time elapsed for cycle 99 11 59 0 s trimmed from left TT Time total of program run 99 11 59 TA Time Average per cycle 99 11 59 22 22 if first part TL Current tool number 5 C number current pass 3 D Date 12 31 94 FN Current file without path PART NC
56. for the coordinate sys tem and dragging it to the desired position u Copying offsets from one CS to another using the Copy Offsets and Paste Offsets buttons c Make the currently selected CS the active CS by selecting the Make Active button d Apply the coordinates or exit the dialog box u The OK button applies the changes you have made and closes the dialog box Control Program Reference E51 Cancel button closes the dialog box without applying any of the changes you have made Note u Apply button applies the changes you have made to the se This feature does not override an S code lected CS you can still cancel changes once they have been applied the NC program by selecting the Cancel button Offsets Command Use the Offsets command under the Setup Menu to compensate for varia tions in the cutting tools being used The offset values are used for tool length offset cutter compensation and tool offset adjustment NC codes For information on setting tool length offsets for multiple tool programming see Section H Advanced CNC Programming To enter a compensation offset 1 Select Offsets from the Setup Menu The Setup Offsets dialog box appears Setup Offsets x Offset Value Note These offsets are not converted from inch to metric Use different offsets for inch and metric applications x Cancel Value 0 lt Current Z CD
57. must write the RMA and your return address on the outside of the product carton or crate Failure to do so can result in a de lay in the return of your product M13 14 User s Guide Section A User s Guide Section spectraLIGHT System Hardware An Introduction to the spectraLIGHT Machining Center Option Installation Maintaining the Machining Center Maintaining the Controller Box Maintaining the PCin a Shop Environment B 2 EE ee eee An Introduction to the spectraLIGHT Machining Center The spectraLIGHT Machining Center is a three axis tabletop milling machine which you can run directly from your personal computer The spectraLIGHT Control Program which you load onto your computer accepts standard EIA RS 274D G amp M codes that CNC machine tools recognize You ll find a com prehensive list of options and accessories for the spectraLIGHT Machining Center on the last page of this guide Features Some of the spectraLIGHT Machining Center s most notable hardware and software features include e X axis travel of 8 5 inches Y axis travel of 4 5 inches Z axis travel of 5 5 inches Feed rates up to 12 ipm Safety shield and limit switches Computer controlled spindle speeds from 200 to 2 500 RPM EIA RS 274D standard G amp M code programming Multiple tool programming Feed rate and spindle speed override functions A built in full screen NC program editor An on line help utility
58. or close the Machine Info window select Machine Info from the View Menu A check mark appears next to the Machine Info command when the Machine Info Window is open Jog Control Command Use the Jog Control command on the View Menu to open or close the Jog Con trol Panel You can also use the Jog Control button on the Standard Toolbar To open or close the Jog Control window select Jog Control from the View Menu A check mark appears next to the Jog Control command when the Jog Control Panel is open Reference Guide Section E Operator Panel Command Use the Operator Panel command on the View Menu to open or close the Operator Panel To open or close the Operator Panel select Operator Panel from the View Menu A check mark appears next to the Operator Panel command when the Operator Panel is open Verify Window Command Use the Verify Window command on the View Menu to open or close the Verify Window To open or close the Verify Window select Verify Window from the View Menu A check mark appears next to the Verify Window command when the Verify Window is open Toolbars Command Use the Toolbars command on the View Menu to show or hide the Toolbars To show or hide a toolbar 1 Select Toolbars from the View Menu The list of available toolbars is displayed Toolbars that are visible have a check mark beside them Position v Machine Info Jog Control Operator Panel v Verify Window Toolbars gt v
59. paa Safely Running the Machining Center Like any other power tool the spectraLIGHT Machining Center is a poten tially dangerous machine if operated in a careless manner The importance of safely operating the spectraLIGHT Machining Center including the need for protection against personal injury and the prevention of damage to the equipment can not be stressed enough You will find more information on safe machining in the Reference Guide Section J Safety Rules The following safety rules should be practiced by all operators of the spectra LIGHT Machining Center Remove Adjusting Keys and Wrenches Make a habit of checking that keys and adjusting wrenches are removed from the machining center before operating the machine Do Not Force a Tool Select the feed rate and depth of cut best suited to the design construc tion and purpose of the cutting tool It is always better to take too light a cut than too heavy a cut Use the Right Tool Select the type of cutting tool best suited to the milling operation Don t force a tool or attachment to do a job it wasn t designed to do Secure the Workpiece Be certain that you have firmly secured the workpiece on the cross slide and the cutting tool in the spindle before turning on the spindle motor Turn the Spindle By Hand Before Starting Manually turning the spindle allows you to safely determine that the tool will not hit the machining center bed cross slide or stoc
60. panel Once you release Ctrl and the mouse key the panel will stay in the new position If you move the panel back to the docking area it will automatically dock f you want the panel to remain floating click the right mouse button on the panel and uncheck dockable The panel can only be resized when it is not dockable For more information on moving resizing and docking panels refer to the Reference Guide Section E C10 Position Readout The Position Readout provides information on the current X Y and Z coor dinates of the tool position The units of measure in the Position Readout are determined by the Units command under the Setup Menu 0 0000 in 0 0000 in 0 1000 in Machine Info Panel The Machine Info Panel provides information on the current tool tool diameter feed rate spindle speed number of passes made coordinate system in use as well as the current block and total number of blocks in the program Elapsed time indicator Current previous and next block Tol M40 15 Feed 1 00 Spindle 1500 0 Pass 000 Coord Work Block 1 of eoe Tol 10 Diam M5 Feed 1 00 Spindle 1500 0 Pass 000 Coord Work Block 1 of sd Part Time 03 10 4 N3G1Z 02F3 INSERT TOOL FEED R 5 N4G2X1 58311 000 314 CUT FIRST B N5X1 000Y 3141 4011 333 CUT SEC When a part program is running the Info Panel a
61. part of the screen by d fi he View Menu holding the Ctrl key down then clicking and dragging the window The Verify Window displays a simula e Pressing the right mouse key while tion of your part program tool path in the Verify window displays a pop verification when you select the Verify up menu with Verify related command from the Program Menu or commands when you click the Verify Program When the Verify Window is floating he Stindard Toolbar not docked you can resize it just like any other window To prevent Tool path verification can be performed in centerline view or solid view the window from ever docking right click on the window and un check the Dockable command Centerline view is based on the centerline of the tool Solid view is a solid representation of the tool and workpiece Tips You can move the Machine Info Using the Machine Info Window Window to another part of the screen by holding the Ctrl key down y The information displayed in the Machine Info Window varies with the then clicking and dragging the Machine Info Window particular operation being performed When the Machine Info Window is When the machine is idle the Tool 11 TDiam 0125 floating not docked you can resize Machine Info Window displays Feed 40 00 Spindle 15000 it just like any other window To Papa TEES EE Wok prevent the window from ever docking right click on window u Cur
62. results of your action are dependent on the items you see on the screen For instance click on the item you dick or on the operation on the Context Help button then click on a menu you are currently performing item toolbar button window or other screen element The Help topic for that particular item appears Jog Control Panel Show or hide the Jog Control Panel E 6 Reference Guide Section E Operator Panel Show or hide the Operator Panel Verify Verify the current NC part program Run Run the current NC part program Pause Pause the currently running NC part program Stop Immediately halt the currently running NC program Using the Inputs Toolbar The Inputs Toolbar isn t really a toolbar in that you can not use it to inter act with the various Control Program inputs Actually it is a monitoring de vice that keeps track of the state of the various machine inputs The state of each input is indicated by the position of its button If a button is depressed the input is on or high If a button is not depressed the in put is off low You can also check the condition of an input by click ing on it or by holding the mouse over the input button The state of the input is displayed on the Status Bar at the bottom of the screen The inputs on the Inputs Toolbar include Control Program Reference The Emergency Stop condition This input is in the on condition depressed if the
63. safety checklist has been pro vided in the Reference Guide Section J of this guide Post a copy of this checklist near the machining center and review it before you run any NC program To run the program 1 After reviewing the Safety Checklist select the Run Continue command from the Program Menu The Run Program dialog box appears Program Untitled hc Run Settings Start at Line fi Verify Settings Cancel 2 Make sure that the Start Line box is set to line 1 of the program 3 Click on the Run Settings button The Run Settings dialog box appears Options Enable Subprograms Are Centers Incremental Treat Warnings as Errors v Restore Unit Mode When Done Verify While Running Cancel 4 Make desired changes in the Run Settings dialog box then select OK 5 Click on the Run Program button to begin running your program 6 After the part is machined press the Emergency Stop button before opening the safety shield and removing the finished part User s Guide Section D Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference About the Control Program Interface Using the Message Bar Using Windows Using Toolbars Using Panels Using the Menu Bar Using the Status Bar Selecting Commands Positioning Screen Components Using the Setup Program Using the Offset Table Working in Simulation Mode About the Control Program Interface The Control Pr
64. such as type of material type of cut depth of cut and spindle speed The type of tool chosen to make the cuts also affects the depth of cut and therefore the feed rate Consult your machinist s handbook for selecting a feed rate based on spindle speed and material type Experience and experimentation will enable you to establish feed rates best suited to particular applications Lubricants and Coolants Lubricants remove heat from the tool and workpiece and are often used when high production rates are required or when cutting very hard materials such as stainless steel A mixture of one part soluble oil to six parts water may be used on steel to assist in producing a smoother finish and to reduce tool chatter Aluminum and aluminum alloys may require the use of paraffin oil or kerosene to prevent chips from welding to the tool s cutting edge Brass and cast iron are always milled dry When lubrication is necessary small amounts of water soluble cutting fluids are recommended for use on the spectraLIGHT Machining Center Lubricants should be wiped from the machine after use because some petroleum based fluids may deteriorate the electrical wiring insulation the plastic safety shield or the computer enclosure CAUTION Always be careful when handling end mills They have sharp edges which can easily cut your hands Use a thick cloth rag when handling tool bits to protect your hands Tool Typ
65. to finding only those text strings that match the case upper or lower of the text that you entered Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference 5 Select Up or Down from the Direction box to search through the text before or after the cursor position respectively 6 Click Find Next or press Alt F to begin the search Click Close or press ESC to exit the Find dialog box without performing the search Replace Command Use the Replace command under the Edit Menu to replace an existing char acter string with a new character string If the Match Case box is checked this feature is case sensitive If you enter a character string in lower case letters but your NC program is written in all upper case letters Replace will not find any occurrence of the string Make sure you enter the existing character string exactly as it is shown in the NC program To use the Replace command 1 Select Replace from the Edit Menu The Replace dialog box appears Findwhat mil Replace with Jend mill Replace Replace Close Match case 2 Enter the existing character string in the Find what box 3 Enter the new character string in the Replace with box 4 Check the Match whole word only box to restrict the search to whole words skipping partial words 5 Check the Match Case box to restrict the search to finding only those text strings that match the case upper or lower of the te
66. to re turn to the X Y plane An example of circular interpolation on the X Z plane is N9X0ZO N10G90G18G03X0Z110K 5F2 In this NC line the X and Z values are the destination position of the tool The I and K values are the incremental location of the center point of the curvature of motion Reference Guide Section G Note This program uses incremental arc centers Include the code if you have changed the Control Program default to absolute In the example program the tool plunges into the workpiece then makes the helical interpolation move to the back corner of the stock XOY2Z0 More CNC Programming Helical Interpolation Programming Helical interpolation is performed when the axis not used in circular interpo lation is commanded to move For example assuming a start point of 0 0 0 N10G90G03X0Y12Z110J 5F2 This line would cause the Z axis to move at a constant feed to Z1 while the X and Y axes move in a circular path resulting in a helical motion Helical in terpolation works with circular motion on the X Z and Y Z planes as well Here is an example of an NC program using helical interpolation G90M0381500 GOX0Y0Z0 070 GO0X2Y2 G1Z 0 5F10 GO2X0Y22Z0I 1JOF10 M02 Centerline View Solid View 6 5 6 6 Rapid Traverse Programming On the spectraLIGHT Machining Center the rapid traverse code G00 can move the tool at the maximum available feed rate 50 ipm to specified coor d
67. until the stock is in the desired position Buttons The OK button at the bottom of the dialog box applies the changes you have made and closes the dialog box The Cancel button closes the dialog box without applying any of the changes you have made The Help button brings up the Help topic Verify Type Command The Verify Type command allows you to choose between a solid view and a centerline view in the Verify Window Reference Guide Section E Note While the Reference Point Wizard is active the machine feed rate is limited to 2 5ipm You can not alter this feed rate Important If you are using G27 or G28 codes in your NC program you must use the Reference Point Wizard to home the machine first Note If you would like the tool to travel at the Rapid feed rate click on the Go Rapid button instead Control Program Reference Set Check Home Command The Set Check Home command performs two functions it sets a reference position on the machine and it helps you to check the reference position on the machine When you select the Set Check Home command the following dialog box appears Machine Home Reference Point Ea Use the Reference Point Wizard to define your reference point Move to the Reference Point you Move mone defined previously Cancel The Set Home button opens the Reference Point Wizard which aids you in setting a machine reference point Just follow the directions
68. work area Verify that all items are checked off prior to each operation of the proLIGHT Machining Center Safety Checklist Before you enter the work area L1 L1 L1 Put on safety glasses Tie back loose hair and clothing Remove jewelry including rings bracelets and wristwatches Before machining a part OO Make sure you have the correct tool for the job Secure the tool properly Make sure all tool positions have been properly initialized Verify the NC program on the computer before machining Remove all loose parts and pieces from the machine Remove adjusting keys and wrenches from the machine Close the safety shield Only operate the machine after being properly trained in its use Perform a dry Ll Set the spindle motor switch to lowest manual speed setting Ll Make certain there is no workpiece in place Run the NC program to make sure all the moves make sense before running the program with a workpiece in place After completing the dry run properly secure the workpiece to the machine Keep fluids away from all electrical connections electronic or electrical devices the computer and nearby electrical outlets While machining a part L1 L1 L1 Do not touch moving or rotating parts Press the Emergency Stop button before opening the safety shield Only open the safety shield after the spindle has stopped rotating Press the Emergency Stop button
69. 36 1 4 Wizard E 37 Toolbars Command E 28 E 29 Docking E 71 Positioning E 70 Using to select commands E 69 Tools Menu E 35 Total Lines 11 Travel axis B 2 Treat Warnings as Errors E 42 U U code F 3 F 20 Undamp air vise code K 5 Undo command E 20 Uniform scaling H 18 Uninstalling the Control Program A 12 Units command E 39 E 50 Units Default Setup Program E 74 Unpacking the Machining Center A 3 User Mode E 58 Using Help command E 60 V V code F 3 F 21 Verify Command E 7 E 30 E 32 Settings command 39 E 44 Typecommand 39 E 48 While Running E 42 44 Window E 4 E 29 Verify command C 5 Verify Window C 11 Command E 28 Pop up Menu E 66 View Menu E 28 View Panel Verify Settings E 45 W W code F 3 F 21 Warnings treat as errors 43 Warranty A 13 Web Site A 13 Welcome Panel Setup Program E 74 Window Floating E 70 List command E 59 Menu E 59 Windows positioning E 70 Words NC F 2 Work coordinates H 27 Work place preparing the A 3 X X axis Adjusting B 5 Coordinate code F 20 Coordinate of center point code F 12 Motion coordinate code F 3 Xcode F 3 F 20 Y Y axis Adjusting B 6 Coordinate code F 21 Coordinate of center point code F 12 Motion coordinate code F 3 Y code F 3 21 1 1 axis Coordinate code F 21 Coordinate of center point code F 12 Motion coordinate code F 3 7 F 3 F 21 Zero Position command E 39 40 65 Zoom E 45 spectraLIGHT Machi
70. 8 G49 G50 G51 G68 G69 F 10 Corner offset circular interpolation Cancel cutter compensation Left cutter compensation Enables cutter compensation to the left of programmed tool path Right cutter compensation Enables cutter compensation to the right of programmed tool path Tool length offset Shifts Z axis in a positive direction by a value in the Offset Table specified by an H code Tool length offset Shifts Z axis in a negative direction by a value in the Offset Table specified by an H code Tool offset adjust Increases the movement amount by the value stored in the offset value memory Tool offset adjust Decreases the movement amount by the value stored in the offset value memory Tool offset adjust Increases the movement amount by twice the value stored in the offset value memory Tool offset adjust Decreases the movement amount by twice the value stored in the offset value memory Cancels tool length offset Cancels scaling Invokes scaling Invokes rotation Cancels rotation Reference Guide Section F Basic CNC Programming The Coordinate System Group Use the Coordinate System codes to establish multiple coordinate systems on one or more workpieces to create multiple parts For instance you can run a part program using a typical coordinate system with the point of origin on the surface of the front left corner of the work piece then select another coordinate system which has its origin at
71. A 12 Controller Box Description of B 4 Maintaining the B 9 New E 75 Coolants 1 3 Coordinate System Codes K 3 Command E 39 50 E 65 Define a new 51 Select an existing E 50 Coordinate systems understanding H 27 Copy command 5 E 6 E 20 E 21 63 Corner offset circular interpolation H 15 Corner offset code K 4 Crosspad E 9 Current block C 9 Current line E 11 Customer Service A 2 A 3 Cut command 5 E 6 E 20 21 63 Cutter compensation H 7 Canceling H 16 Codes K 4 IJK vectors H 11 Setting offsets H 12 Starting H 7 H 8 Cycle Start E 10 Cycle Stop E 10 D D code F 3 F 5 Decimal places for inch values E 74 Defining a tool 0 8 Default Units E 74 Values for speed 41 Delete E 22 Delete Line command E 20 Depth of cut Code G 7 Defined 1 2 Disable spindle 54 Dockable command E 65 E 66 67 Docked screen component 71 Docking Toolbars E 71 Docking Windows 71 Door Interlock Switch D 3 Door safety J 2 Drilling start location code F 20 Dwell code K 2 Dwell length of code G 7 E E Stop Input C 7 Edit Menu E 20 Edit Tool Materials E 36 Edit Window C 8 E 71 Editor Preferences E 56 Emergency Stop D 3 Button D 3 Input E 7 Methods of performing an J 8 Enable Soft Limits 55 Enable Subprograms E 42 43 End mills 1 4 End of program code K 5 Errors treat warnings as E 42 43 Estimate Runtime command E 30 33 64 Exit command E 12 E 19 F F code F 3
72. As dialog box appears see above It displays the name and location of the current program file 2 Choose new drive and directory for the file if desired 3 Type in a new file name if desired 4 Click Save to save the file or Cancel to exit the dialog box Print Command Use the Print command under the File Menu to print the current NC program To print the program 1 Use one of the following methods to open the Print dialog box u Click the Print button on the toolbar u Select the Print command from the File Menu u Press Ctrl P The Print dialog box appears 2 Choose the desired print options in the dialog box Clicking Setup opens the Print Setup dialog box 3 Select OK to print or select Cancel to exit the Print dialog box without printing the NC program You can print to any printer that is supported by Windows See your printer manual or Windows documentation for more information on installing and using printers with Windows E 17 Print Setup Command Use the Print Setup command under the File Menu to select a printer The Print Setup dialog box allows you to establish parameters for printing your NC part programs To choose print settings 1 Select Print Setup from the File Menu The Print Setup dialog box appears Print Setup Note Default Printer Name Here The default printer name will reflect the designated Windows default printer AutoSelect Tray 2 Select the desired print settin
73. Bar g e e e Outputs Tool Bar TT Position Readout Edit Window PENES 2 spn a Machine Info eje e Panel Block 1 of 1 Inputs Tool Bar Verity Window Status Bar ress CTRL SPACE at any time to perform a keyboard Stop Homed CAP 1 1 LOCK MOD 1 27 PM Menu Bar The Menu Bar contains all of the menu commands for the Control Program For an explanation of each menu and its relative commands refer to the Reference Guide Section E Standard Tool Bar The Standard Tool Bar provides easy access to the most often used com mands available in the Control Program C4 User s Guide Section C Getting to Know the Control Program Tool Function New Begin a new NC part program file Open an existing NC part program file Save Save current NC part program file to disk or drive x Cut Cut selected code from program and place on clipboard Copy Copy selected code to clipboard Paste Paste code from clipboard to cursor position in program a Print Send program to printer Help Access Help program Context Help Obtain help on selected object E Jog Control Access Jog Control Panel Operator Panel Access Operator Control Panel Verify Verify the current NC part program Run green Run the current NC part program Pause yellow Pause the cur
74. Changing Offset Sides You can change the side of compensation sides during cutter compensation For example you can start cutter compensation to the left then change to the right G91 G41D1X 25Y 25 LEFT CC ON Y 25 G42X 25 RIGHT CC ON Y 25 In this example left cutter compensation is on at point A but right cutter compensation begins as the tool moves towards point B In this case the off set value D is the same for both left and right cutter compensation In this example D1 01 and D3 03 i D3 03 Offset Vector D1 01 03 03 The same situation would occur if you made the offset value negative For the example above changing the D code from one that refers to a value of 01 to one that refers to a value of 01 would produce the same result as changing from G41 to G42 H 14 User s Guide Section H Using Corner Offset Circular Interpolation 039 The G39 code inserts an arc at the corner of a cutter compensated tool path The G39 instructs the cutter compensation function to complete the current segment by moving to its default endpoint the endpoint of the Offset Vector It then creates an arc with a radius equal to the offset value starting at the buffered segment s default endpoint and ending at the endpoint of the offset vector IJ Here is an example of an NC program using G39 G91 G41D1 Y 25 X 25 G3910J 1 CORNER OFFSET Default Offset Vector Tool
75. D Select Setup Offsets from the Setup Menu to set the values referenced by D codes the cutter compensation offset value The following dialog box appears Note Setup Offsets You cannot assign a value to offset Offset Value number 0 The offset value for offset p ere ee number 0 is always zero Note These offsets are not converted from inch to metric Use different offsets for inch and metric applications J co n3 OD O 0 Value lt Current 2 Select an offset number or set the offset value in the Offset Box To set the offset value double click on an offset number from the scrolling Offset win dow A check marks appears to the left of the offset number Enter the offset value in the Offset Box H 12 User s Guide Section H In this example D1 01 and D3 03 Advanced CNC Programming Changing Offset Values You can change the D numbers that represent values from the Offset Table while in cutter compensation For example N1G91 N2G41D1X 25Y 25 N3Y 25 N4X 25D3 USE OFFSET 3 N5Y 25 In this example the D number changes from 1 to 3 in line Because the value of D3 is greater than the value of D1 the compensated path moves far ther away from the programmed path and is at the new D value by the time the tool reaches point C m LN yen D3 03 Offset Vector i Y Ai H 13
76. DEPTH OF 5 RAPID TOR G80 CANCEL CANNED CYCLE M2 END PROGRAM 6 9 G99 returns the tool to point R Use G98 with the G83 to return the tool to the initial point at the end of the canned cycle Initial Point E Point R Ie OH LD SS O Point Z Using G84 A is used for tapping threads You specify the depth of the tapped hole When the tap reaches that depth it is pulled out in at a rate 1 6 times the rate of insertion 60 faster The G84 tells the computer to calculate the in sertion extraction ratio You must use a tapping head with a reversing mechanism when using G84 GOX1Y1Z 1 RAPID TO 1 1 4 G84G98Z 5ROF2 TAP TO DEPTH OF 5 RAPID TO INITIAL POINT G80 CANCEL CANNED CYCLE M2 END PROGRAM 6 10 Reference Guide Section G If G99 were specified instead of 098 the tool would not rapid back to the initial point It would remain at point R If a dwell is not specified P code not used a 005 pause is executed after the spindle stops at the bottom of the hole More CNC Programming Using G85 A G85 specifies a boring cycle After the tool plunges it retracts at the same feed to point R This sometimes gives a better surface finish on the hole Then the tool rapids to the initial point GOX1Y1Z 1 RAPID TO 1 1 1 G85G98Z 5ROF2 BORE TO DEPTH OF 5 RAPID TO INITIAL POINT FROM POINT R G80 CANCEL CANNED CYCLE M2 END PROGRAM Initial Point Poin
77. Emergency Stop button on the machining center is pushed in The Safety Shield condition This input is in the on con dition depressed if the Safety Shield on the machining center is open The Negative Limit condition This input is in the on condition depressed if the negative Z axis limit has been hit The Robot Input 1 condition This input is in the high condition depressed if robotic input 1 on the TTL I O connector on the Controller Box is currently in a high state The Robot Input 2 condition This input is in the high condition depressed if robotic input 2 on the TTL I O connector on the Controller Box is currently in a high state re mu E 7 Note Refer to Section L of this guide for more information on robotic interfacing E 8 Using the Outputs Toolbar The Outputs Toolbar provides quick access buttons for controlling the system outputs The state of each output is indicated by the position of its button If a but ton is depressed the output is on or high If a button is not depressed the output is off or low You can also check the condition of an output by holding the mouse over the output button Clicking on the button will change the state of the output The name of the output is displayed in a tool tip and the state of the output is displayed on the Status Bar at the bottom of the screen The output contr
78. MACHINABLE WAX N2G05 N381500M03 N4G0Z0 0700 N5G0X1 0000Y0 3140 N6G0Z0 0050 N7G1Z 0 1000F4 0 N8G3X1 5830Y1 33301 0 5990J1 0190F12 0 N9X0 41701 0 5830J 1 0190 N10X1 0000Y0 314011 1820J0 0000 N11G0Z0 0700 NC Program N12S1500 00 N13G0X0 8000Y0 7330 N14G0Z0 0050 N15G1Z 0 1000F4 0 N16G3X0 9330Y0 667010 1330J0 1010F 12 0 N17G1X1 0670 N18G3Y1 001010 0000J0 1670 N19G1X0 9330Y 1 0000 N20G2Y1 334010 0000J0 1670 N21G1X1 0670Y1 3330 N22G2X41 1997Y1 266810 0000J 0 1660 N23G0Z0 0700 N24M02 N26M25H2 TRANSMIT HIGH SIGNAL THROUGH ACC2 N27G25H1 WAIT FOR HIGH SIGNAL THROUGH ACC2 N28M11 OPEN VISE N29M26H2 TRANSMIT LOW SIGNAL THROUGH ACC2 N30G26H1 WAIT FOR LOW SIGNAL THROUGH ACC2 N31M47L3 CYCLE BACK TO NO N32M2 END OF PROGRAM Robot Handshaking Robotic Integration L 9 L 10 Reference Guide Section L Index Index Symbols code F 3 F 4 code F 3 F 4 code F 21 code F 3 F 4 code F 3 F 21 code F 3 F 4 A About WSLM command E 60 E 62 Absolute arc centers code F 3 F 4 Absolute coordinate programming code K 2 Acc Output C 6 E 8 Acc2 Output C 6 E 8 Accessories J 5 Accessory off code K 5 Accessory on code K 5 Address character F 2 Adjusting Gibs and spindle B 5 Lead screw bushings B 5 X axis B 5 Y axis B 6 Administrator Mode E 58 Advanced Panel Setup Program E 75 Alter existing tool E 36 Angle of arc resolution code F 13 Anti backlash nuts adjusting the B 6 Arc center X axis dimen
79. N codes must start with a num ber greater than 1 Using increments greater than 1 allows you to insert additional numbered lines without having to renumber the whole program 5 Select Do It or press Alt O to execute the Renumbering options you selected Select Cancel press Alt C or press Esc to exit the Renumber Format Program dialog box without altering the NC program Renumbering and Subprograms Although the Renumber command automatically changes P codes used with M99 codes it does not renumber P codes used with M98 codes nor does it renumber O codes Although O codes are not altered the lines which they occupy are counted So the very next N code is numbered as though the O code has been renumbered too For instance N41X N42X O25G N44 In this example although the O code has not been renumbered the line it resides on has been counted The N code on the following line reflects the next number in the sequence Insert or Remove Spaces To insert or remove spaces between the NC words in your program l Select Renumber from the Edit Menu The Renumber Format Program dialog box appears 2 Choose Spaces option u Insert Spaces inserts a space between each NC word to the left of the comment code u Remove Spaces removes any spaces between NC words to the left of the comment code u Ignore Spaces ignores any spaces in the NC program E 25 Note The Undo command will not undo the effects of t
80. Placing the appropriate codes in your NC program 2 Establishing a reference tool 3 Establishing the offsets for other tools from that reference and 4 Testing your program Using Multiple Tool Codes The T code is used in the NC program to offset the cutter so that the NC program becomes independent of the cutter length which is set up in Tool Definitions This means you can replace a worn tool with a tool of a different length without changing the NC program just by entering new offsets Any actual tool change is performed manually The T code can be located any where within the block of NC code but it is normally placed after the G code When you place T codes in your program for tool changes you should also use the M06 code to retract and shut off the spindle The M06 code is placed af ter the T code This code instructs Machining Center to shut off and retract the spindle to the top of the vertical column where it pauses until you manually change the tool Pressing the Return key will turn the spindle back on to continue with the NC program User s Guide Section H CAUTION Do not use collets for tool changing Use the Quick Change Tooling option to make sure the tool length protruding from the spindle does not vary each time you load a tool into the spindle Advanced CNC Programming Establishing the Reference Tool When using multiple tools a reference tool normally Tool 1 is set to zero for the Z axis Th
81. Standard v Inputs v Outputs 2 Select the toolbar that you wish to show or hide Control Program Reference E 29 Bun Continue F5 Verify Estimate Runtime Pause Feedhold Stop Ctrl Space Caution Always wear safety glasses and close the safety shield before running an NC program on the machining center Always observe set up and safety precautions E 30 Program Menu The Program Menu commands allow you to Run Verify or Stop an NC program Command Used to Run Continue Start running or resume running the current NC program Verify Verify the current NC program Estimate Runtime Estimate the runtime of the current NC program Pause Pause the currently running NC program Feedhold Stop movement of all axes Stop Immediately halt the currently running NC program Run Continue Command The Run Continue command under the Program Menu runs the current NC program on the machining center When you select Run Continue from the Program Menu the Run Program dialog box appears Program Untitled1 Y Run Settings Start at Line E Verify Settings Cancel The Run Program dialog box allows you to select an NC program to run to set the program block from which to begin running the program and to ac cess the Run Settings and Verify Settings dialog boxes l Select an NC Program If you have more than one NC program open use the Program drop down list or press Alt P
82. System F 1 The Polar Programming F 1 Input Selection Number Tool Length Offset H Code niente do a meee 11 X Axis Coordinate of Center Point I Code F 12 Y Axis Coordinate of Center Point J F 12 Z Axis Coordinate of Center Point Code F 12 Angle of Arc Resolution Loop Counter L Code F 13 Miscellaneous Codes M F 14 M22 Output Current Position to File F 15 M99 Return from Subprogram F 17 M105 Operator Message F 17 Block Number N 18 Subprogram Block Number 0 Code F 19 Subprogram Reference Number P F 19 Peck Depth Q F 19 Radius of Arc Drilling Start Location R Code
83. The Move Home button moves the machine to the reference point coordi nates so you can manually measure the machine position to make sure no position has been lost Goto Position Command The Goto Position command opens the Goto Position dialog box Use the Goto Position dialog box to move the tool to a particular coordinate posi tion on the machining center This command is also available under Goto Position x the Position Window Pop Up Menu and Jog Control Panel Pop up Menu To use the Goto Position lt command 1 Enter the coordinates for the new IN tool position 2 Enter the feed rate at which you Eeed 10 in min would like the tool to travel Go Rapid Cancel 3 Click on the Go button The Go Bopid tool moves to the new position at the defined feed rate E 49 IMPORTANT Machine coordinates are established by Homing the system to establish a point of origin at the ends of travel on the machining center Once established these coordinates remain fixed Each time you turn on the machining center the current machine position is stored as the machine coordinate system XO YO 70 Work coordinates are different When you use the Set Position command to set a point of origin on the workpiece you are actually entering a position that is offset from the fixed machine position The same thing occurs when you use a G92 code Work Coordinates are not fixed they
84. The tool parameters appear in the window to the right of the list 3 Select an action to exit the dialog box u Click Select Tool button if the tool is already in the mounted spindle Click Insert Tool to perform a tool change cycle The machining center moves to its tool change position maximum Z axis height and you are prompted to insert a tool into the spindle After you in sert the tool and press F5 the machining center returns to its original position u Click Cancel to exit the Select Tool for Use dialog box without selecting a tool E 38 Reference Guide Section E Set Position Zero Position Ctrl Shift Z Jog Settings Run Settings Verify Settings Verify Type Set Check Home Ctrl H Goto Position F8 Units Coordinate Systems Offsets Spindle Backlash Soft Limits Preferences Control Program Reference Setup Menu The Setup Menu commands control the parameters for tool positioning jog ging running and verifying programs coordinate systems tool offsets etc Command Set Position Zero Position Jog Settings Run Settings Verify Settings Verify Type Set Check Home Goto Position Units Coordinate Systems Offsets Spindle Backlash Soft Limits Preferences Used to Establish the X Y and Z position of the tool Set the current tool position to YO 70 Establish speed a
85. ace Card in your personal computer WARNING Do not connect power to the machining center or the computer until instructed to do so in the following procedures Installing the Interface Card in the PC The Interface Card can be installed in any full size slot designated for expansion card use Refer to your computer owner s manual to determine particular expan sion card restrictions WARNING Do not plug the power cord from the PC chassis into an AC outlet until all installation procedures have been completed and the chassis cover has been closed Opening the PC Chassis To install the Interface Card you must remove the cover of the personal computer Refer to the installation instructions supplied with your computer for details on removing the cover Generally the cover is secured by four screws through the rear panel however some personal computers may have push latches or screws in different locations User s Guide Section A It may be beneficial to label the connectors on the back panel of the PC for easy identification Installation WARNING Disconnect power from your personal computer before opening its chassis cover Turn off the power switch and remove the power cord to assure that no electrical potential is present when the cover is removed Set the cover aside and locate an open slot in which to install the Interface Card Remove the blank slot cover if any Removing the s
86. alphabetic character called an address character and a number called a pa rameter value There are many categories of address characters used in NC part programs for the spectraLIGHT Machining Center see Categories of NC Code Each block of NC code specifies the movement of the cutting tool on the machining center and a variety of conditions that support it For example a block of NC code might read N1G90G01X 5Y1 5Z0F1 If the machine is currently set for inch units the individual words in this block translate as N1 This is the block sequence number for the program Block 1 is the first block in the program G90 This indicates absolute coordinates are used to define tool position G01 This specifies linear interpolation X 5 This specifies the X axis destination position as 0 5 Y1 5 This specifies the Y axis destination position as 1 5 20 This specifies the Z axis destination position as 0 The cutting tool will move to the absolute coordinate position 0 5 1 5 0 F1 This specifies a feed rate of 1 inch per minute the speed at which the tool will advance to the specified coordinate points Reference Guide Section F Categories of NC Code Many categories of NC codes can be used to program the spectraLIGHT Machining Center Here is a list of the NC codes designated by the address character supported by the spectraLIGHT Machining Center Code Function Incremental Arc Centers Fanuc Absolute A
87. am does not delete previous information from the file it appends the information to the end of the existing information If the file does not exist it is created If you use more than one M22 only the first occurrence must have the file name in the parentheses The remaining M22 s may have empty parentheses or may specify a different file If you want to generate more than one file at a time you must include the filename each time you specify M22 If a filename is not specified the first file opened is used Example code to move to position my1 xyz discard contents write coordinates M22 my1 xyz code to move next position to currently open data file 22 code to move to next position Open my2 xyz and append coordinates M22 my2 xyz A Special codes that can be used with M22 to generate run time reports X Current X position in current coordinate system Y Current Y position in current coordinate system Z Current Z position in current coordinate system tilde New Line starts a new line in the file TD Time of Day 12hour 11 59 59AM TC Time elapsed for cycle 99 11 59 0 s trimmed from left QTT Time Total program run 99 11 59 TA Time Average per cycle 99 11 59 if first part Current Tool 5 CCycle Current Pass 3 DDate 12 31 94 FN Current File w o path PART NC UNTITLED
88. ar programming mode This programming method can be used in both absolute and incremental programming Polar programming is especially useful when writing programs for machining bolt holes An L code can be used as a multiplier for the angle value For in stance this bit of code GOX0Y0Z0 07 G16 G91X2Y0 M98P1L12 M2 01Y30 G81Z 1RO G80 M99 combines the use of polar programming with a canned cycle and a subprogram to drill a hole at 30 increments The L value was determined by dividing 360 degrees by 30 You can also cut an arc using code similar to G16 G91X2Y0 M98P1L360 G15 M2 O1Y1 M99 In polar programming the center point is the origin if you specify G90 and the radius X code If you specify G91 and the radius X code the center point is the current point If you specify only the angle Y code the center point is the current center User s Guide Section H Using the Homing Commands The Set Check Homing command under the Setup Menu allows you to es tablish a point of origin at the ends of travel on the machining center The homing commands G28 G27 G29 allow you to return to and check this established position The machining center uses this point as a reference for all machine coordinate movements This allows you to use the Soft Limits and Coordinate Systems commands under the Setup Menu to move the machining center consistently to the same location Bef
89. are the default values for steps u 0 001 inch for Step A 0 01 inch for Step B 0 1 inch for Step C Run Settings Command Use the Run Settings dialog box to set or clear options for running your NC program The available options are u Single Step Options Single Step u Optional Skip M Optional Skip u Optional Stop Enable Subprograms u Enable Subprograms Arc Centers Incremental u Arc Centers Incremental Treat Warnings as Errors v Restore Unit Mode When Done u Treat Warnings as Errors v u Restore Unit Mode When Done u Verify While Running Cancel Single Step This option inserts a Pause after each block of the NC program To move on to the next block in the program you can u Click the Run button on the Standard Toolbar u Click the GO button on the Message u Press F5 u Press Enter u Select Run Continue from the Program Menu Optional Skip Use this option to enable or disable the optional skip code The optional skip code allows you to skip blocks of code as the NC program is run Make sure to check off the Optional Skip box in the Run Settings dialog box or activate the Optional Skip button on the Operator Panel Then place a forward slash in front of each line in the NC program you want to skip Reference Guide Section E Note The NC program itself can override the default by placing the Incremental Arc Centers or Absolute Ar
90. ative Z Axis Control To jog a tool 1 Define the Speeds and Steps distances for jogging by selecting the Jog Settings command under the Setup Menu 2 Click on the Axis button on the Jog Keypad to move the tool in the de sired direction The tool moves at the speed and distance indicated by the Speed and Step buttons E 9 You can move the Operator Panel to another part of the screen by holding the Ctrl key down then clicking and dragging the Operator Panel E 10 Using the Operator Panel The Operator Panel provides controls that are used while running an NC program on the machining center Operator Panel Lx Optional Skip WHEEES Optional Stop 553 Cycle Start Stop Cycle Start Feedhold Feedhold E 50 100 50 100 Feed Rate 28 ay ae Spindle Override 02 150 p 150 Override EJ Feed Override Spindle Override The Operator Panel controls include u Optional Skip Allows you to execute or ignore any optional skips codes you have embedded in the NC program Optional Stop Allows you to execute or ignore any optional stops MOI codes you have embedded in the NC program Single Step Causes the NC program to pause after each block is ex ecuted This allows you to check each step of the cutting operation Single Step is particularly useful after changing the workpiece size Stop Immed
91. ber 1 from the Offset Table Selecting off set 0 DO cancels cutter compensation Use the D code with u Cutter compensation codes to specify the tool radius u Tool offset adjust codes to specify a consistent increase or decrease in the commanded movement Use the Offsets command under the Setup Menu to view and manage the Offsets Table F 5 F 6 Feed Rate F Code The F Code is used to specify the rate of speed at which the tool moves the feed rate in inches or millimeters per minute depending on the selected unit of measure For example F3 equals 3 ipm The feed rate should be set to a low value up to 50 ipm for cutting operations Feed rate values are in millimeters per minute mpm when using metric units The Control Program limits the programmed feed rate so it doesn t exceed the maximum allowed by the machining center The F Code is also used to specify the number of seconds to dwell when used with the G04 code Preparatory Codes G Codes G codes take effect before a motion is specified They contain information such as the type of cut to be made whether absolute or incremental dimen sioning is being used whether to pause for operator intervention and so on More than one G code from different groups can appear in each NC block However you may not place more than one G code from the same group in the same block The G codes supported by the spectraLIGHT Control Program fall into the following g
92. between chained programs see M20 This command can be used anywhere in the program to change the flow of yw prog 5 program execution It is good programming practice to place this command on a line by itself to improve the program s readability M105 Operator Message This command is used to display messages in the Control Program It pro vides a way to display messages to the operator on the message bar while an NC program is running You can also pause the program with a custom mes sage This is a nonstandard Light Machines code By default the message is centered displayed as a Normal Message and is persistent not cleared until the program clears it or until the next message is displayed Using the Correct Format for this Code M105 the message comment For instance the following line of code displays a simple message M105 End of Roughing Segment Normal Message doesn t pause Basic CNC Programming F 17 Messages Altered Using Alternate Characters Displays the message and performs a pause requiring operator interven tion to continue Displays the message as a Warning Message b Beeps when the message is shown Using the M105 Code with an Alternate Character M105 alternate character plus the message comment For example M105 WARNING Warning Message doesn t pause Other Examples of Using this Code M105 clears current message M105 Please stop and read this Normal Message pauses
93. c Centers codes in the first line of the file Control Program Reference With Optional Skip off each skip code is ignored and each block of code is executed With Optional Skip on each skip code is recognized and each block of code that has been tagged with a skip code is skipped To execute particular blocks every nth pass place a number after the optional skip For example 5G28 Home every fifth pass Optional Stop Use this option to enable or disable the optional stop code M01 The op tional stop code allows you to place an optional stop in your NC program Make sure to check off the Optional Stop box in the Run Settings dialog box or activate the Optional Stop button on the Operator Panel Place an M01 on the line of code where you would like to pause With the Optional Stop option on the M01 works like a G05 With Optional Stop off the M01 code is ignored the other codes on the block are executed as usual Enable Subprograms Use this option to enable or disable the use of subprograms With this option disabled M98 commands generate an error Running or verifying a program with subprograms enabled takes longer to start because the software parses the entire file for subprogram information This extra delay should only be noticeable with large programs Arc Centers Incremental Use this checkbox to specify the default mode for programming arc centers If this box is checked the default mode is the Fanuc mode
94. cing to an I O device such as a robot See the Reference Guide Section L for details on interfacing with robots 9 A 10 Computer System Requirements The spectraLIGHT Control Program runs on a586 120MHz personal computer The computer must have Windows 95 or Windows NT 3 51 or higher Windows NT users check the Readme file for new information 8MB RAM minimum for Windows 95 16MB is recommended for best performance 16MB RAM minimum for Windows NT A 3 5 floppy drive A hard drive with at least 5MB of available space An available expansion slot VGA graphics controller and monitor A Windows compatible mouse User s Guide Section A CAUTION The spectraLIGHT master disks are shipped write protected the write protect window is open to prevent accidental destruction of the software Never remove the write protection Create and use a working copy of the disks Always store disks a safe place away from heat sunlight and static CAUTION Make sure you read all the safety instructions in this guide before you attempt fo run the Control Program with the machining center for the first time Installation pI SXXJ Software Installation The spectraLIGHT Control Program must be installed on the hard drive on your computer The spectraLIGHT Control Program is shipped on two 3 5 1 4MB disks The Control Program must be installed on a ha
95. ck on the filename then click on the Open button The edit window for Millone nc appears 5 Millone nc 1 NO THIS FILE FOR SLM 0200 MILL N1 USE 3 X 2 X 1 5 MACHINABLE WAX N2 INITIALIZE STOCK TO X 0 Y 0 2 0 1 IS A 1 8 END MILL N4 G05 N5 M06 T01 N6 G0 Z 1 N7 690 X 417 Y1 333 N8 S1500 M3 N9 G1 2 02 F8 N10 G2 X1 583 11 000 J 314 N11 X1 000 Y 314 1 401 J1 333 N12 X 417 Y1 333 11 599 N13 G0 Z 1 N14 X1 200 Y1 267 N15 G1 2 02 D 5 Adjust the Verify Settings After opening the NC program you need to adjust the Verify Settings for the part you are about to machine To view the Verify Setup dialog box select Verify from the View Menu double click on the Verify window when it appears You may also select Verify from the Program Menu or from the Standard Toolbar then click on the Verify Settings button The Verify Setup dialog box appears The Verify Setup dialog box allows you to alter the viewpoint of the tool and baile zi workpiece in the Verify Window View Stock Options The View panel allows you to Prev Mie The Preview represents the Centerline view The Solid view is unaffected by the zoom amount and may differ slightly from the preview Alter the Style Solid or Centerline Zoom in zoom out or fill the window by selecting All Look at the workpiece in two or three dimensions You can also alter the view of the part by adjusting the sliders o
96. cular Interpolation 639 H 15 Canceling Cutter 1 H 16 Methods 1 and 4 H 16 Methods 2 und 5 ot tat Ro eR H 17 Methods 3 nd 6 ettet needs H 17 Using Scaling and Rotation Codes H 18 Sealing ceca ORE E E a H 18 Uniform Scaling H 18 Scaling Each Axis ascende H 19 Creating Mirror Images with Scaling H 20 Rotation COD OS Saee ERE RU ae dg Paus H 21 Combining Scaling and Rotation H 23 Multiple Tool H 24 Using Multiple Tool Codes H 24 Table of Contents xi xii Establishing the Reference H 25 Establishing Fool ose ti od ette umi ette H 25 Testing Your Multiple Tool H 26 Work Coordinates 27 Understanding Coordinate Systems H 27 Machine Coordinates H 27
97. d 19 N18X0Y0 MOYE TOOL BACK TO START 20 N19M2 END OF PROGRAM Using the Position Window This is a dynamic display When a program is running or being verified the current position of the tool is indicated here If you double click on this window the Goto Position dialog box appears allowing you to move the tool to specific coordinates x 0 0000 in 0 0000 in 7 0 1000 in E 5 Using Tool Bars Toolbars carry buttons that correspond to frequently used menu commands You can click on these buttons to quickly select the associated menu com mand Toolbars also operate Outputs and display the state of Inputs Toolbars can be placed anywhere on your screen and can be hidden if you do not use them often or want the additional space for program windows Toolbars are revealed and hidden using the Toolbars command under the View Menu The toolbars include u Standard Toolbar u Outputs Toolbar u Inputs Toolbar Using the Standard Toolbar n au amp w The Standard Toolbar provides quick access buttons for the following menu commands Command Used to New Create a new program edit window Open Open an existing NC program file Save Save an NC program file Cut Cut text from a program Copy Copy text from a program Paste Paste text into a program Print Print an NC program Help Access Help Context sensitive Context Help This button can help you instantly find information The
98. d and the other codes on the block are executed as usual End of Program Takes effect after all motion has stopped turns off drive motors and all outputs including the spindle and the ac cessory outlets Spindle Motor On Activated concurrently with motion specified in the program block remains in effect until superseded by M05 Spindle Motor Off Activated after the motion specified in the program block remains in effect until superseded by M03 Tool Change Pauses all operations turns off spindle retracts spindle for tool change Accessory 1 On Turns on ACC 1 accessory AC outlet concur rently with the motion specified in the program block remains in effect until superseded by M09 This is the same as using the M25 H2 codes Accessory 1 Off Turns off ACC 1 accessory AC outlet after the motion specified in the program block is completed remains in ef fect until superseded by M08 This is the same as using the M26 H2 codes Accessory 2 On Turns on ACC 2 accessory AC outlet concur rently with the motion specified in the program block remains in effect until superseded by M11 This is the same as using the M25 H3 codes Accessory 2 Off Turns off ACC 2 accessory AC outlet after the motion specified in the program block is completed remains in ef fect until superseded by M10 This is the same as using the M26 H2 codes Reference Guide Section F Note Information about digitizing is provided with the digitizing
99. d from the Program Menu In the Start At Line box enter the number of the last line executed then click on the Run Program button When you stopped the program the last line executed is displayed on the Machine Info Panel and the cursor is placed on the same line in the file D 3 IMPORTANT Never open the safety shield while a program is running Always push the Emergency Stop button in before making any adjustment to the machining center or workpiece D 4 Stopping with a Limit Switch The spectraLIGHT Machining Center is equipped with a limit switch on the Z axis to sense the end of travel in the negative Z direction i e when the tool travels down towards the work piece If the axis travel exceeds the end of travel the limit switch is activated and shuts down machine operation Once the limit switch is activated the tool must be jogged away from it using the Jog Control Panel see the Reference Guide Section E To move the spindle away from the limit switch you must jog it in the opposite direction in the positive Z direction If the spindle comes close enough to the end of travel to activate the limit switch the following procedure must be followed to restore normal operation 1 Select Jog Control from the View Menu or from the Standard Tool Bar 2 Click on the appropriate jog key on the jog keypad to move the spindle away from the triggered limit switch 3 Check your initial machine set up to make s
100. different combinations of these commands Copy depending on whether the file is running or being Goto Line verified and whether or not text is selected Fem Cut Command QuickRun QuickVerify Cut is the same as selecting the Cut command from the Edit Menu Estimate Runtime Copy Command Copy is the same as selecting the Copy command from the Edit Menu Paste Command Paste is the same as selecting the Paste command from the Edit Menu E 63 E 64 Clear Command Clear is the same as selecting the Clear command from the Edit Menu Goto Line Command Goto Line is the same as selecting the Goto Line command from the Edit Menu Renumber Command The Renumber command is the same as selecting Renumber from the Edit Menu A dialog box appears that allows you to alter the N codes in the NC program Save Command Save brings up the Save As dialog box QuickRun Command The QuickRun command is a shortcut that runs the currently selected NC part program When you click the right mouse button on this command the program behaves as though you had selected the Run Continue Command from the Program Menu with the following exceptions u You do not have the option of selecting a starting line u You do not have the option of changing any settings QuickVerify Command The QuickVerify command is a shortcut that verifies the currently selected NC part program When you click the right mouse button on this command the program beha
101. dis 13 Table of Contents iii Section spectraLIGHT System Hardware An Introduction to the spectraLIGHT Machining Center etel e bei te m tA B 2 cioe aen et a mn EORR DU epu e DAS B 2 The Machining Center B 2 The Controller aie cte rather e rio Noii onn un dint B 4 The Accessory Kif soo oo b ton Duc Re OU tet oes B 4 Maintaining the Machining B 5 Adjusting the Gibs and B 5 Adjusting the Lead Screw Thrust Bearings B 5 To adjust the lead screw bearings on all axes B 5 To complete the X axis adjustment B 5 To complete the Y axis 1 B 6 To complete the Z axis adjustment B 6 Adjusting the Anti Backlash Nuts X and Y B 6 Resetting Backlash Compensation B 7 Lubricating Machining Center Components B 7 Maintaining the Controller Box seen B 9 Maintaining the Personal Computer in a Shop Environment
102. e docking area to dock it To select the Docking Floating state of a window l Position the mouse pointer over the window you would like to dock float 2 Click the right mouse button 3 Select Dockable from the drop down menu When the Dockable command is checked the window can be dragged to a docking area and docked Dockable windows can not be resized When the Dockable command is not checked the window will float and can not be docked Some floating windows can be resized Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference The Setup Program The Setup Program allows you to set program and hardware defaults In order to access the Setup Program you must first exit the Control program Locate the SLM0200 folder on your hard drive the default installation location is C ProgramFiles Programs LMC WSLM and double click the Setup Icon The program will start and you will see the Welcome screen You may choose from the file tabs to view the settings for each category Configure WSLM Welcome Interface Card General Control Advanced More Advanced Light Machines Corp CAU CAM CNC elcome to the Light Machines Control Software Configuration program Before you begin please select the units in which you wish to view and set values m Configure Values In Units Inch C Metric The Setup Program provides settings under the following categories u Welcome
103. e E 42 E 43 Return from subprogram code G 13 Return to reference point code K 3 Rewind code K 7 Robot Communication with B 1 B 6 Input 1 7 E 7 Output 1 C 6 E 7 Input 2 C 7 E 8 Output 2 C 6 E 8 Synchronization codes K 2 Robotic integration how it works B 2 Rotation And scaling H 23 Codes for H 21 Rotation codes K 4 Rules safety J 1 J 2 Run Command 5 7 Offline command 74 Settings command E 31 E 39 42 Run Continue command 30 34 Running a sample NC program D 5 D 14 5 F 3 F 20 Safety D 2 Checklist J 6 Rules D 2 J 1 J 2 Shield B 3 Shield Input C 7 E 7 Shield interlock switch D 3 Save As command E 12 E 16 Save As dialog box E 16 Save command C 5 E 6 E 12 E 16 E 64 Save Settings command E 60 E 61 Saving the screen component position 71 Scaling And rotation H 23 Codes for H 18 K 4 Creating mirror images with H 20 Each axis H 19 Screen components positioning E 70 Select an existing coordinate system E 50 Select Font command E 20 E 27 Select Tool command E 35 E 38 Selecting commands E 63 Set Position command E 39 E 40 E 65 Set reference point code K 3 Set robot output code K 7 Set Check Home command 39 49 67 Setting Offsets H 12 Soft limits H 4 Setup Command E 66 Library command E 35 Menu E 39 Program A 12 E 73 Tool Wizard command E 35 Setting up a tool D 8 Sharpening tools 1 5 Shield Safety B 3 Interlock Switch B 3 Input C 7
104. e Save Settings dialog box se lect Save Settings from the Help Menu The next time you use the Control Program the component appears in the new position To restore the default position the factory preset position use the Restore Settings command un der the Help Menu E 7 All the toolbars windows and panels found under the View Menu can be docked or floating The toolbars include u Inputs Toolbar u Outputs Toolbar u Standard Toolbar The windows include u Position Window u Machine Info Window u Jog Control Panel u Operator Panel u Verify Window E 72 Docking and Floating Windows and Toolbars Windows and Toolbars can behave in two ways they can be placed in a sta tionary state docked or they can be in a free floating state and moveable Docking Screen Components A docked screen component is fixed in place unlike a floating component which can be placed anywhere on the screen When a screen component is docked the window frame and title disappear Floating Screen Components A floating screen component can be moved to any position on the screen unlike a docked screen component which is fixed in place When a screen component is floating it has a window frame and title To select the Docking Floating state of a toolbar u Click on the background area of the toolbar and drag it away from the docking area to float it u Click on the backgound or the title bar of the toolbar and drag it to th
105. e Section L for more information Use the H code to specify an input other than the default H5 Wait until TTL input 1 Robot 1 or user input 5 goes low before executing the operations on this block Used for robot synchroniza tion see Section L for more information Use the H code to specify an input other than the default H5 Linear move to specified coordinate used with H code to specify both input number and the High or Low condition for stop designated by the operator input or The move occurs until an input is triggered or until the specified end point is reached The move stops short if specified input goes High if H is positive or Low if H is negative The default is input 5 Robot 1 High You can have the control program go to a specified block N Code number if the input meets the required condition Use a P code to specify the destination as with the M99 code For example G31X5Y5H6P50000 instructs Move using the current programming mode to the X5 and Y5 Ifinput 6 Robot 2 goes low during the move stop the motion and jump to block number 50000 Ifinput 6 Robot 2 doesn t go low complete the move and continue with the next block in the program Wait until TTL input 2 Robot 2 or user input 6 goes high before executing the operations on this block Used for robot synchroniza tion see Section L for more information This is the same as using the codes G25 H6 Wait until TTL
106. e a location for and save the new program To save a program select Save from the File Menu or press Ctrl S The current program is saved to a file If this is a new program the Save File As dialog box appears Choose a name and location for the new file Save As Save in cwm l c e 4 Millone nc File name Untitled NC Save as type Program Files Save As Command Use the Save As command under the File Menu to save the current program to an NC file using a new name or location The Save As Dialog Box The Save As dialog box in the WSLM Control Program functions in the same manner as in other Windows 95 applications To use the Save As dialog box 1 Select a destination for the file using the Save in Up one level and Create new folder buttons Enter a filename in the File Name field Select a file type in the Save as type field Click Save or press Enter to save the file Click Cancel or press Esc to cancel and exit the dialog box Reference Guide Section E Note When you name a file consider whether this file will be used on older systems running DOS or Windows 3 1 before you take advantage of Windows 95 long file names Note The default printer name will reflect the designated Windows default printer Control Program Reference To save program using new name or location 1 Select Save As from the File Menu The Save
107. e applied to the machin ing center the Emergency Stop button must be pulled fully out from the front panel The full out position allows power to be supplied to the machining center The Emergency Stop button disables the spindle even if the computer is turned off In the event that a tool crashes into the workpiece you can immediately kill power to the machining center by pushing in the Emergency Stop button The Emergency Stop button should be your first target in an emergency situation Pushing in the Emergency Stop button terminates the part program Wait until the machining center has completely stopped moving before opening the safety shield When the tool crash has been cleared and the Emergency Stop button is reset pulled back out edit the part program to remove the cause of the tool crash before running the program again Reset the tool position using the Set Posi tion command from the Setup Menu Stopping with the Computer Keyboard The execution of the part program can be interrupted by pressing keys on the computer keyboard Unlike using the Emergency Stop button this method of stopping the machining center does not cause the software to lose track of the tool position To stop the part program with the keyboard press the Control key and Space Bar simultaneously The cutting stops immediately and the cutting tool remains in position To restart the program from a keyboard gener ated stop select the Run Continue comman
108. e between the cur rent position and 0 is compared to a tolerance value specified using the Setup Program use the L code to override this tolerance value u An L code that is not used by one of these codes is used as an Arc Reso lution factor F 13 Note All M codes used to turn on a device such as the spindle execute at the beginning of the tool motion for that block of NC code All M codes used to turn off a device execute after the tool motion for that block is completed To avoid confusion it is sometimes easier to place M codes in a block separate from the motion commands F 14 Miscellaneous Codes M Codes M codes control a variety of machining center functions while a part pro gram is running Only one M code should be specified per NC block M codes and motion commands should be placed on separate blocks to avoid confusion over whether an M code is activated during or after a motion command The supported M codes are M00 M01 M02 M03 M05 M06 M08 M09 M10 Pause Allows you to place a pause in your code Acts like a G05 pause Optional Stop Allows you to place an optional pause in your code Place an MO1 in the block of code where you would like to pause There are switches to activate or deactivate the Optional Stop code in the Run Settings dialog box and on the Operator Panel With Optional Stop on the M01 works like a G05 pause With Optional Stop off the M01 code is ignore
109. e front left corner of the workpiece From the Setup Menu select Set Position The tool coordinates appear in the dialog box Set the coordinates to X0 YO Z0 and click on OK to set the current tool position as the point of origin on the workpiece H 27 User CS i Work Coordinate Multiple Coordinate Systems For more advanced operations such as machining multiple parts you can set up multiple coordinate systems For example if you have three or four workpieces attached to a pallet and the pallet secured to the cross slide use the following procedure Move the tool tip to the work coordinate point of origin 0 0 at the corner of the pallet using the Set Position command from the Setup Menu After setting the corner of the pallet as the origin select the Coordinate Systems command from the Setup Menu The Setup Coordinate Systems dialog box appears Select a User CS enter the coordinates for the first workpiece and click on Apply Repeat this procedure for as many coordinate systems as nec essary For a detailed description of the Setup Coordinate Systems proce dure see Section E Work Coordinates Point of Origin User s Guide Section H Longer tools need G43 to retract the spindle from the cross slide while shorter tools need G44 to move the spindle closer to the cross slide Advanced CNC Programming Using Tool Length Offset Codes Use the tool length offset codes to adjust the machine for va
110. e maximum spindle speed the conversion slope and the conversion offset If the programmed spindle speed or the spindle speed entered in the Setup Spindle dialog box are not close enough to the actual feed rate you require you may fine tune the spindle speed using these values The Feed Rate Settings allow you to change the maximum rapid traverse feed rate the minimum machining feed rate and the maximum machining feed rate This is not the same as the default feed rate on the General panel The default feed rate is the feed rate that is automatically used if no feed rate is specified in the NC program The minimum and maximum machining feed rates define the feed rate range for the machine The Resonance Settings allow you to set the low end and high end of the resonance range the range in which stepper motors can resonate and lose position The software prevents loss of position by slowing down the pro grammed feed rate of the machine until the component feed rates for all axes are outside of this range If you are using a New Controller Box as selected on the Control panel the High End value is used to help eliminate reso nance electrically rather than by modifying feed rates Control Program Reference E 75 Note There are two Offset Tables one for Simulate Mode and one for Normal Mode If your off line NC program development includes using values from the offset table you must ensure that they are present in the Normal Mode o
111. e right side of the screen If these items are moved away from the docking area they become floating windows or panels until they are moved back to the docking area See Docking and Floating Windows and Toolbars on the following page The Verify Window is initially not dockable To move a window or panel create floating window l Press the Ctrl key Click on the window panel with the left mouse button Hold and drag the window panel off the docking area Release the Ctrl key When the floating window is over its new location release the mouse button You can now treat the area the same as you would any other window e g move it resize it close it To return a floating window to its docking area The Dockable command must be invoked for a window panel before it can be docked See Docking and Floating Windows and Toolbars 1 Click on the title bar of the floating window 2 Drag the area back to the docking area 3 Release the mouse button Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference Positioning Program Edit Windows Program Edit Windows can be moved resized or closed just like any other window The only restriction is that the Edit Windows can not be moved out of the edit area For instance you can not move an Edit Window to a docking area Saving the Component Position After changing a component s position on the screen you can save it s position by checking the Window Positions box on th
112. e schematic below Input Configuration Vec l WV INPUT X H INPUT X from Robot Output Configuration gt e i ee gt OUTPUT to Robot L 3 The Robotic Interface Connector Pin 1 Pin9 Note You can check the status of each input and output by using the Input and Output Toolbars in the Control Program Notes Grounding pins 1 and 6 will cause the input to be true Inputs 1H and 2H are only used in isolated input mode and the Controller Box must be specifically configured L 4 ie SS The Interface Connector The 9 pin I O connector on the rear panel provides a number of ways for the machining center to communicate with robots and other external mechanisms such as an additional limit switch Most of the Controller inputs and outputs are located on this connector Some of the inputs and outputs are not free for robotic interfacing they already have dedicated uses inputs 7 and 8 for example The inputs and outputs on the machining center are designated as follows Pin Function 1 Input 1 2 External Limit 3 Output 2 4 Output 1 5 Common 6 Input 2 T Input 1H 8 Input 2H 9 Common 1 0 Levels 5V 0 or 5V 1V to 3 5V 1V to 3 5V or 5V See Note See Note Other Input Output Notes Name INP 1L ELim OUTPUT 2 OUTPUTI GND INPUT 2 INPUT 1H INPUT 2H GND u User outputs are disabled by an ESTOP condition u Never a
113. e status bar provides information on Whether or not the machining center is homed Whether or not the Caps Lock key is activated Whether or not the Num Lock key is activated The current line and total number of lines in the program Whether or not the current NC part program is locked Whether or not the current NC part program has been modified The current time according to your computer When the indicator is dimmed the function is in the off condition File modify state Num Lock state Home state Homed CAP NUM 4 25 LOCK MOD Cap Lock state Current Line Total Lines File Lock state Current time C9 Tips You can double click on the Position Readout window to bring up the Go To Position dialog box You can move the Position Readout window to another location on the screen Hold Ctrl down then click and drag the window Once you release Ctrl and the mouse key the window stays in the new position If you move the window back to the docking area it will automatically dock f you want the window to remain floating click the right mouse button on the window and uncheck dockable The window can only be resized when it is not dockable For more information on moving resizing and docking windows refer to the Reference Guide Section E Tips You can move the Machine Info Panel to another part of the screen Hold Ctrl down then click and drag the
114. e tool as the Height Offset Enter a Diameter Offset Apply the new parameters to the selected tool number by clicking the Apply button Press Enter or click on OK to accept the new tool information Click on Cancel to exit the Tool Library dialog box without changing the tool library To alter an existing tool 1 2 Select an existing tool from the Tool Library list Make the desired changes to the tool parameters then click on the Apply button Press Enter or click on OK to accept the new tool information Click on Cancel to exit the Tool Library dialog box without changing the tool library Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference Setup Tool Wizard Command Use the Setup Tool Wizard as an aid in establishing tool heights for use with multiple tool programs The Wizard can be used if you are manually chang ing tools or if you are using an Automatic Tool Changer To use the Setup Tool Wizard 1 Select Setup Tool Wizard from the Tools Menu This starts the Wizard 2 Follow the Wizard s instructions very carefully Welcome to the Tool Setup Wizard E 37 Select Tool Command Use the Select Tool command under the Tools Menu to select a tool for use on the machining center To select a tool 1 Select the Select Tool command from the Tools Menu The Select Tool for Use dialog box appears Select Tool For Use Tor Tor Ee 2 Select a tool from the drop down Tool list
115. ed The min and max positions on the switch are equivalent to approximately 200 min to 2 500 max RPM Use the Computer position when you want to set spindle speeds from the Control Program B 3 The Controller Box The Controller Box houses the power and interface related controls for the machine The power switch and keylock switch are on the front panel of the box The Key Lock switch keeps unauthorized persons from turning on the machine Once the Key Lock is in the unlocked position the Power switch can be turned on The Power switch lights up when power is on The rear panel houses the power and interface connectors and the fuses The machine has five fuses for Main Power the Spindle the Stepper Motors and the two accessory outlets labeled ACC 1 and ACC 2 The values for these fuses are clearly printed next to the fuse receptacles Do not use fuses with amperages other than those shown on the machine The interface connectors are used to interface the Controller Box with the machining center and your computer Cables are provided in the Accessory Kit for this purpose Refer to Section A for correct installation procedures MOTOR DRIVES MAIN EA CN 3A 12A Controller Box Rear Panel ASDA amp AXES ONLY OPERATE WITH ALL CABLING SECURELY FASTENED BETWEEN THE MACHINE TOOL AND THIS BOX 120VAC 5A x 120VAC 3A 3 J AXIS x
116. ed and practiced by all operators of the spectraLIGHT Machining Center Wear Safety Glasses Foresight is better than no sight During operation any power tool can throw foreign objects and harmful chemicals into your eyes Always put on safety glasses or eye shields before starting up the machining center Safety glasses or shields should provide full protection at the sides as well as the front of the eyes Know Your Machine Tool Read this guide carefully before you use the machining center and keep it readily accessible for quick reference Know the intended applications and limitations of the machining center as well as its hazards Ground All Tools The machining center has an AC power cord terminated by a three prong plug The power cord should be plugged into a three hole grounded recep tacle If a grounding adapter is used to accommodate a two prong receptacle the adapter wire must be attached to a known ground Never remove the third prong from the plug on the AC power cord Keep the Safety Shield in Place The safety shield should remain in place whenever the spindle motor is on or the cross slide is moving Remove Adjusting Keys and Wrenches Make it a habit to check that keys and adjusting wrenches are removed from the machining center before turning on the machine Reference Guide Section J Safe Machining Center Operation Keep the Work Area Clean Cluttered work areas and bench tops invite accidents Avo
117. ed when the part program is executed Comments can be placed on a block without any NC codes to document what is occurring within a pro gram NC programmers use these comments to annotate their programs Here is an example of an NC block with a comment X0Y0Z0 MOVE TO ZERO POINT The comment tells us that the X Y and Z codes in this block command the cutting tool to move to the zero point coordinate 0 0 0 Comments can be combined with the G05 pause and the M06 Tool Change codes to display messages to the operator during program execution Here is an example of an NC block with a pause coded comment GO5 ROUGH DIAMETER SHOULD 0 5 in When the program pauses the comment is displayed on the message bar telling the operator to verify the diameter of the workpiece before continu ing The M105 code provides a more versatile and powerful message facility The Control Program can strip comments from a program with a single command however the comments can not be subsequently replaced F 22 8 _______ is _ __ __ ____ ____ _ General Programming Suggestions The following rules should be followed when writing NC part programs 1 The sequence of words address characters plus parameters in an NC block must appear in the following order N 0 G X U Y Z W A I J K R Q H D L F S T M P A different order may cause unpredictable results 2 In many cases a word need not be repeated i
118. efore the Preferences dialog box appears u Backlash The Restore Settings command under the Help Menu is also disabled by default E 58 To secure the software using Administrator Mode 1 Set the Default Mode to User This will not change the current mode 2 Use the Change Password button to create a password The default pass word is blank no password 3 Select the Allowed Commands Double click on the listed commands to enable or disable them If the commands are enabled they are marked with an X A description of each selected command is displayed on the right side of the panel 4 Use the Change Mode button to change to User Mode 5 Select OK or press Enter to exit the Preferences dialog box The software is now running in User Mode The next time you open the Preferences dialog box the Security preference panel is displayed in User Mode In this mode it is not possible to turn commands on or off To return to Administrator Mode 1 Use the Change Mode button to toggle the Mode from User to Admin istrator A dialog box appears prompting you to enter your password 2 Enter your password and press Enter or click OK To change your password 1 Click on the Change Password button 2 Enter your current password 3 Enter the new password 4 Enter your new password again to verify that it is correct To exit the Preferences dialog box Press Enter or click on OK to accept the new preference settings or
119. el Begin polar programming Rapid traverse to specified coordinates in Absolute programming mode e g 53 0 070 rapids to machine reference point Use coordinate system one Use coordinate system two Use coordinate system three Use coordinate system four U se coordinate system five Use coordinate system six Canned cycle cancel Canned cycle drilling Canned cycle straight drilling with dwell Canned cycle peck drilling Canned cycle tapping Canned cycle boring Canned cycle boring with spindle off dwell optional Canned cycle boring with dwell Check reference point This code moves the tool to its home position on the Machining Center to perform automatic calibration of the axes Compares reported position against zero to see if position has been lost Set reference point Sets machine position to 0 0 0 Return to reference point Moves the tool to a coordinate specified by XYZ Typically used after a G27 or G28 code Set position This code works like the Set Position function under the Setup Menu see Section E The X Y and Z coordinates following a G92 code define the new current position of the tool Rapid move to initial tool position after canned cycle complete Section G Rapid move to point R surface of material or other reference point after canned cycle complete Section K 3 Plane Selection Group Scaling Group Rotation Group Cutter Compensation Group Tool Le
120. el The machining center shuts down if it trips a soft limit just as it does when it trips one of the limit switches This is helpful when working with devices such as robots or when you have installed fixtures within the normal work area that you don t want the tool to hit To establish software limits on the machining center l Select Soft Limits from the Solf Ei Setup Menu The Setup Soft Limits dialog box appears pears lt Enter the coordinates that 8 5 define the software perim 45 55 eter you wish to establish 3 Click on the Enable Soft Limits option to enable soft limits Use this option to turn soft limits on or off as you need to use them 4 Press Enter or click on OK to accept the new soft limit parameters click on Cancel to exit the Setup Soft Limits dialog box without setting new soft limit parameters E 55 E 56 Preferences Command Use the Preferences command under the Setup Menu to establish defaults for saving files and setting security features To alter the system preferences 1 Select the Preferences command from the Setup Menu The Preferences dialog box appears Editor Security r AutoSave Iv i5 Comments Every B minutes Quick Run Verify by Default Jv Save Before Bunning Select this to always run or verify without being prompted to select Prompt Before AutoS aving
121. er or click on OK to accept the new preference settings or click on Cancel to exit the Preferences dialog box without setting new Editor or Security preferences To access Help for this panel Select the Help button to access the Help files for this panel Security Preferences The Security preferences allow you to control which features others may use When you select the Security tab in the Preferences dialog box the Security panel appears Preferences x Editor Security Allowed Commands Current Mode Administrator m Default Mode 9 Change Mode Administrator x Coord Systems x Goto Position x Jog Settings X Preferences Command Description QuickRun Sets up backlash distances and QuickVerify fodiens x Restore Settings Run Double Click to enable disable Roe Cancel Help The Security preferences panel offers two modes User and Administrator Administrator Mode allows a supervisor such as a teacher in a classroom to turn commands on or off using the Allowed Commands list User Mode does not have access to this feature E 57 IMPORTANT As a security measure the following Setup features are disabled by default when the software is in User Mode u Coordinate Systems and related features u Offsets u Soft Limits u Preferences The command is enabled but selecting it will prompt for the administrator password b
122. erations The machining center and the robot communicate by way of an interface connector labeled I 0 located on the rear panel of the machining center The method of communication between the machining center and robot is very basic They are both able to transmit and receive high or low signals Since communcation signals are typically 0 and 5 volts a high signal is 5 volts or 3 5 volts or greater and a low signal is 0 volts or 1 5 volts or less See the figure below User Input Voltage 5 to 24 VDC Logical One State 35 Illegal Zone Undefined Logic State PEG CCeE FISE Logical state Zero Volts There are NC codes that you can place in a part program to instruct the machining center to transmit a high or low signal to the robot There are also codes that instruct the machining center to wait for a high or low signal from the robot spectraLIGHT Robot OUTPUT E EI Reference Guide Section L Robotic Integration Signals sent out are referred to as outputs while signals coming in are called inputs Any signals that the machining center transmits to the robot are trans mitted through an output pin on the interface connector Outputs can drive a maximum load of 1 Any signals that the machining center receives from the robot come in through an input pin on the interface connector Examples of input and output wiring are shown in th
123. ers dialog box Tutorial Machining a Sample Part Dry Runthe NC Program Before you run your part program for the first time you should perform a dry run run the program with no stock mounted This will ensure that all the movements of the machining center make sense and that the tool is in no danger of striking any fixtures or crashing into the cross slide Although you should dry run the program with no stock mounted set the point of origin using the workpiece and then remove it Begin with the Emergency Stop button pressed in and the spindle speed turned all the way down The vise or other work holding device should be mounted to the cross slide and the tool should be mounted in the spindle 1 Mount the workpiece in the vise 2 Close the Safety Shield and pull out the Emergency Stop button 3 Select Jog Control from the View Menu or the Standard Toolbar The Jog Keypad appears A Use the Jog Keypad to jog the tool to the top of the front left corner of the workpiece 5 Select Set Position from the Setup Menu The Set Position dialog box appears x i id x Set Position x in in z 01 in Cancel D 11 6 Enter zero in the X and Z boxes 7 Click on OK The values in the Position Readout all change to zero x 0 0000 in Y 0 0000 in 0 0000 in 8 the tool up and away from the workpiece Press the Emergency Stop button open the Safety Shield and remove the workpiece
124. es Cutting tools are usually made from hardened steel and are ground to vari ous shapes The clearances ground behind cutting edges are adjusted for the type of material the tool will cut and the direction the tool will be fed along the workpiece Insufficient clearance behind the cutting edge will cause the tool to rub Ex cessive clearance will produce a ridged or wavy finish due to the small length of tool edge in contact with the workpiece Standard tool types are end mills center drills drills and boring tools Tools are often ground to shape by the operator to suit a particular cutting requirement End Mills End mills come in two types flat end mills and ball end mills They should be sharp and must run true Holding end mills in a drill chuck is a poor practice use collets instead Be certain the spindle speed is set correctly for the type of material being machined An end mill can be instantly damaged if a cut is attempted at excessive speed Begin with light cuts and progressively increase cuts until satisfactory results are obtained End mills should not be used for drilling holes but they can be used to enlarge holes When plunging into the workpiece use a center cutting end mill The teeth on center cutting end mills go from the end of the mill into the center Center Drills Center drills are used to drill holes in a workpiece The workpiece is mounted in a vise or on the cross slide Use small amounts of cut
125. estore Settings E 61 Tip of the Day E 62 About WSLM Command eene E 62 Selecting Commands ccccssscssssssssscsecssessssecssessssesssccsssceseccsssssssecsneesscsesees E 63 Select a Command Using Pop Up Menus E 63 Program Edit Window Pop up Menu E 63 Position Window Pop up E 64 Verify Window Pop up E 66 Jog Control Panel Pop up Menu E 66 Select a Command Using Hot Keys E 68 Select a Command Using 5 E 69 Positioning Screen Components E 70 Positioning Toolbars E 70 Positioning Windows and E 70 Positioning Program Edit Windows see E 71 Saving the Component Position
126. ffset table in the same positions as in the Simulation Mode offset table E 76 More Advanced Panel These features are meant for Advanced Users Only They are provided for troubleshooting purposes The Tool Change Settings allow you to alter the distance that the spindle re tracts in order to perform a tool change It also allows you to alter the feed rate at which the tool is moved when retracted for a tool change The Other Settings Axis SPU option is used to alter the ratio of steps per unit on the machine the number of stepper motor steps required to move the cross slide one inch Using the Offset Table The Offset Table stores 200 values which are used in several operations including tool offset adjustment cutter compensation and tool length compensation to ensure uniform application of an offset value The numbers are stored as unit less values their interpretation depends on the Unit mode currently in effect Offset zero is always 0 0 and cannot be modified Using Offset zero for most compensations cancels that compensation Set the values in the Offset Table using the Offset command under the Setup Menu The Offsets are stored separately for the machine and for Simulation Mode es Working in Simulation Mode Simulation Mode is provided to allow the Control Program to be used when your computer is not connected to a SLM0200 Machining Center This is primarily to support the off line development of NC programs
127. from this list Control Program Reference 59 F1 Index Using Help Save Settings Restore Settings Tip of the Day About WSLM E 60 Help Menu The Help Menu commands allow you to navigate through the Help files to save or restore parameters set throughout the current session and provides handy tips and other information about the Control Program Command Used to Help Display Help for the current task or command Index List Help topics Using Help Display instructions about how to use Help Save Settings Saves the current machine and application settings Restore Settings Resets the machine and application settings from defaults Tip of the Day Display a Tip of the Day About WSLM Display program information version number and copyright Help Command Use the Help command to access the Help contents You can also press the F1 key to get information about the currently highlighted command on a drop down or pop up menu Index Command Use the Help Index command access an index of available Help topics Using Help Command Use the Using Help command to obtain information on how to use the Help utility Reference Guide Section E Note On all panels the Default button resets the Control Program to use factory set defaults All values on the panels are based on the unit of measure selected on the Setup program Welcome Panel Control Program Reference Save Settings Com
128. g Cutter Compensation Cutter compensation automatically adjusts the spectraLIGHT to compensate for variations in a cutting tool s radius It uses values from the Offset Table tool radius values to determine the compensation offset value Use the following codes for cutter compensation G39 G40 G41 G42 D Inserts an arc at the corner of compensated path Cancels cutter compensation Invokes left cutter compensation Invokes right cutter compensation Compensation offset value Tool Radius Value Determine left and right cutter compensation in relation to the direction of the tool path Use left compensation when you need to move the tool to the left of the programmed tool path Use right compensation when you need to move the tool to the right of the programmed tool path A A G41 G42 Tool Tool Compensated Tool Path i lt q L Compensated Tool Path Left Right Programmed Tool Path Programmed Tool Path Select compensation offset values for D from the Offset Table You can store 200 offset values in the table Remember however that these offset values are the same values you use for adjusting tool length offsets H 7 Cutter compensation mode begins when the following are met AG41 or G42 code is commanded The specified offset number is not 0 A move in any of the axes in the offset plane is commanded The move is not 0 No arc commands are commanded in the start up block
129. g the spindle until the play is removed 4 Tighten the preload nut just enough to remove excess play or the bear ings may be damaged 0 0002 inch play is recommended Adjusting the Lead Screw Thrust Bearings You should periodically inspect the lead screw bearings because they can loosen over time These brass bearings are mounted on the lead screw next to the flexible couplings on each axis Tighten the bearings whenever you measure the backlash and it is more than 0 008 inch or whenever you see a gap between one of the bearings and the cross slide To adjust the lead screw bearings on all axes 1 There is a black boot covering the lower portion of the flexible cou pling Loosen the set screw that is visible above the black boot 2 Slide the black boot up to expose the lower half of the flexible coupling 3 Loosen the set screw on the lower half of the flexible coupling B 5 B 6 To complete the X axis adjustment 4 Press the cross slide to the left facing the front of the machine by exert ing pressure on the stepper motor To complete the Y axis adjustment 4 Pull the cross slide toward the front of the machine 5 While still pulling the cross slide press the flexible coupling in the oppo site direction toward the cross slide 6 While holding the cross slide and flexible coupling in place tighten the lower set screw then release the flexible coupling and cross slide 7 Slide the boot down and ti
130. ghten the top set screw To complete the Z axis adjustment 4 Lift the spindle assembly upward 5 While still lifting the spindle assembly press the flexible coupling downward 6 While holding the spindle assembly and flexible coupling in place tighten the lower set screw then release the flexible coupling and spindle assembly 7 Slide the boot down and tighten the top set screw Adjusting the Anti Backlash Nuts X and Y Axes If the backlash is still more than 0 008 inch after you tighten the bearings you may need to adjust the anti backlash nut The anti backlash nut is lo cated under the saddle To adjust the anti backlash nut 1 Move the Y axis saddle toward the mill column 2 Remove the locking screw and locking tab 3 Turn the anti backlash nut counterclockwise left hand thread with the screwdriver pushing against the notches on the edge of the nut until backlash is eliminated and the nut is flush against the saddle 4 Reassemble with the locking screw and locking tab 5 Follow the above procedure for the X axis except back out the cross slide to remove the locking tab On the X axis the anti backlash nut tightens clockwise right hand thread User s Guide Section B Resetting Backlash Compensation Backlash is the amount of play in the lead screws Backlash compensation re moves excess play whenever the machine changes direction The amount of play in these screws is minimized by adjustment
131. gment assuming zero communications overhead and infinite acceleration and deceleration These times are added together to yield the total estimated time Note An NC program can also be stopped by pressing the Emergency Stop Button on the front panel of the machining center or by tripping a limit switch Control Program Reference Estimate Runtime Command Use the Estimate Runtime command to calculate the approximate amount of time the spectraLIGHT 0200 requires to machine your part and the approxi mate distance the machine travels while machining your part The Estimate Runtime command accounts for Dwell times and subprograms when calculating estimated run time but it can not account for stops that have indefinite length of stop time These program stops include u Pause G05 M00 u Chain M20 u Skip G31 u Wait for input high low G25 G26 u Write to file M22 u Rerun M47 The Estimate Runtime command treats M47 Rewind codes as M2 End of Program codes This command also verifies the syntax of your NC programs while calculat ing the estimated run time If an error is found the Estimate Run Time command alerts you with a dialog box and places the cursor near the error Pause Command Use the Pause command to pause a running NC program Pause may also be used during tool path verification The pause is not immediate it takes effect after the current NC block has been executed To use the Pause com
132. gram the P Code is used to reference the first block of the subprogram not shown in this example The subprogram contains the code that creates each part In this example scaling and rotation are combined to produce different sized shapes that are scaled and rotated from the original Advanced CNC Programming Combining Scaling and Rotation Codes You can combine scaling and rotation in the same NC program The por tion of the NC program below combines the scaling and rotation codes nec essary to machine the following part the actual subprogram to cut the shield O100 is not listed here N1 DO THE ORIGINAL FIRST N2M98P100 N3 NOW SCALE BY 1 2 AND ROTATE 90 CCW N4G51X1 583Y0Z01 5J 5K1 SCALING ON N5G68X1 583Y1 5R90 ROTATION ON N6M98P100 SECOND PART N7 NOW MIRROR AND SCALE BY 1 2 AND ROTATE 90 CCW N8G69G50 N9G51X1 583Y0Z01 5J 5K1 N10G68X1 583Y1 5R90 N11M98P100 THIRD PART N12 NOW SCALE BY 1 2 AND ROTATE BY 90 CW N13G69G50 N14G51X1 583Y0Z01 5J 5K1 N15G68X1 583Y1 5R 90 N16M98P100 FOURTH PART N17 END OF PROGRAM Verify H 23 H 24 8 Ss Multiple Tool Programming The spectraLIGHT Machining Center allows you to designate up to 8 differ ent tool offsets for tool changes during milling operations To designate the tool number tool diameter and Z axis offset select Setup Library from the Tools Menu There are four basic steps in setting up the Machining Center for multiple tool operation 1
133. gs including u The destination printer u The size of the paper u The paper tray u The orientation of the paper 3 Select OK to print or select Cancel to exit the Print dialog box without setting the printing parameters E 18 Reference Guide Section E Opening a Recent Program Use the numeric 1 2 3 8 commands under the File Menu to open any of the most recently opened files up to the last eight files The names and paths of the most recent files appear in the reverse order in which they were NER CtrleN opened Open For instance in this example 1 Mtemplat nc m is the most recently opened file T ik The file 3 Millone nc is the third most recently Print Ctrl P opened file Print Setup To open one of the listed NC program files 1 Mtemplat nc simply select the filename from the list The 2 Milltwo nc recent program you selected is opened Once 3Millone nc the file Edit Window is open the Title Bar Exit displays the name of the program file Exit Command Use the Exit command under the File Menu to exit the Control Program You should always exit the Control Program before you exit Windows Use one of the following methods to exit the Control Program u Select the Exit command from the File Menu Single dick the icon on the far left of the Control Program Title Bar Se lect Close from the drop down menu u Double click the icon on the far left of the Control P
134. he Remove Comments command Removed comments must be entered again manually You should save a copy of the program to another file using the Save As command so that you can easily recover if the effects of using Renumber are not what you expected Note When multiple program Edit Windows are open each is individually locked or unlocked E 26 3 Select Do It or press Alt O to execute the Spaces options you selected Select Cancel press Alt C or press Esc to exit the Renumber Format Program dialog box without altering the NC program Remove Comments To remove comments from your program 1 Select Renumber from the Edit Menu The Renumber Format Program dialog box appears 2 Select Remove Comments 3 Select Do It or press Alt O to execute the Remove Comments com mand Select Cancel press Alt C or press Esc to exit the Renumber Format Program dialog box without altering the NC program Remove N Codes To remove the N codes from your program l Select Renumber from the Edit Menu The Renumber Format Program dialog box appears 2 Select Remove N Codes or press Alt R 3 Select Do It or press Alt O to execute the Remove N Codes command Select Cancel press Alt C or press Esc to exit the Renumber Format Program dialog box without altering the NC program Lock Command Use the Lock command under the Edit Menu to prevent or allow changes to your NC programs When an NC program is unlocked it can be m
135. he blue bearing After lubricating make sure to slide the black boot back to its original position User s Guide Section B Controller Box Fuse Locations spectraLIGHT System Hardware ___ Maintaining the Controller Box The spectraLIGHT Controller Box requires no special maintenance except that it should be kept in a dust free environment If you are having problems with the AC Outlet function or if the stepper motors are not running you may need to change a fuse in the Controller Box A blown fuse can occur if you overload one of the AC outlets To change a fuse TRA FUSES I ONLY OPERATE WARNING MOTOR DRIVES 1 V Um m 1 eedem C em BETWEEN THE MACHINE NO USER SERVICEABLE A TOOL AND THIS BOX PARTS INSIDE 1 12 i 1 120VAC 5A 120 V 2 ACC 1 SPINDLE A 1 0 SPINDLE ces pO NJ a i 120VAC 3A 120VAC 60Hz 15A COMPUTER TILVO C AXIS x r1 eT 4 Y Ji 74 l Turn the power off and disconnect the power cords to the Controller Box and the Machining Center WARNING Changing Fuses With The AC Power Connected Can Cause Electric Shock Always disconnect the main AC power before servicing the Controller Box or Machining Center 2 The fuse holders are externally mounted on the rear panel of the Con troller Box and a
136. he specified axis by the offset value D The tool offset adjust codes are G45 Increases the movement amount by the value stored in the offset table G46 Decreases the movement amount by the value stored in the offset table G47 Increases the movement amount by twice the value stored in the offset table G48 Decreases the movement amount by twice the value stored in the offset table D Offset value You must command a motion for tool offset adjust codes to adjust the offset values Following are examples of the motions caused by tool offset adjust codes Using 645 l The offset value increases the actual movement by 1 5 beyond the com manded movement Actual Movement Commanded Movement Offset Value The negative offset value decreases the actual movement by 1 5 from the commanded movement Note that A G45 code with a negative offset value is the same as a G46 code with a positive value Actual Movement Commanded Movement Offset Value User s Guide Section H Advanced Programming Using G46 The G46 code decreases the commanded movement by the offset value Note that the G46 code is the same as reversing the positive or negative direction specified by the offset value of a G45 code Actual Movement Commanded Movement Offset Value Using G47 The G47 code increases the commanded movement by twice the offset value Actual Movement Commanded Movement Double Offset Value
137. he tool then begins travel towards point D the end point of segment 4 5 The tool moves to the end point of segment 5 point E on the compensated tool path Point E is a point on the compensated path See Canceling Cutter Compensation in this section for more information H 10 Offset Vector Offset Vector B Segment 3 Segment 3 p gt Seamer of Segment 3 Segment 4 Segment 2 Segment 5 Start Point Offset Vector Segment 3 Segment 4 Segment 2 Segment 5 Start Point User s Guide Section H Cutter Compensation with IJK Vectors Any G41 or G42 command can include an IJK vector which defines the end point direction vector and the end point offset vector For example if for segment 3 of the previous illustration we had specified G41X 7511J1 Note When specifying an vector you instead of just must include the G41 or G42 code on the 75 line the compensated tool path would look like this Normal Offset New Offset Vector Vector Segment 3 AX New Direction Vector lJ 7 Offset Vector i Segment 4 Offset Vector Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 2 D1 25 The IJK Vector represents an incremental direction the length of the vector is not important For example 11 2 lt gt 13 6 By default the end direction vector is tangent to the segment Advanced CNC Programming H 11 Setting Cutter Compensation Offsets
138. his mode is selected for the entire NC program as well as for any chained programs In the Fanuc mode arc centers are always incremental regardless of whether the system is in G90 absolute or G91 incremental mode In contrast arc center specifications in 274 mode follow the selected programming mode absolute or incremental You can specify the default arc center mode in the Run Settings dialog box This character must stand alone on the first line of the NC program in which it appears Absolute Arc Centers 5 Code The absolute arc center code selects the EIA 274 mode of programming arc coordinates This mode is selected for the entire NC program as well as for any chained programs In the EIA 274 mode the mode of programming arc centers follows the selected programming mode absolute G90 or incremental G91 In contrast arc center specifications in Fanuc model are always incremental regardless of whether the system is in absolute or incremental mode You can specify the default arc center mode in the Run Settings dialog box This character must stand alone on the first line of the NC program in which it appears Skip Code and Optional Skip Code The Skip and Optional Skip codes allow you to skip particular lines of code in your program To use the Skip code Y Place the code at the beginning of the line you wish to skip When you run the NC program the specified line will be skipped
139. iately halts the currently running NC program This button works the same as the Ctrl Space Bar combination Cycle Start Begins running the current NC program from the begin ning or from a paused condition Feedhold Pauses the currently running NC program To continue run ning the program from a Feedhold press the Feedhold button again or press the Cycle Start button Feed Rate Override Overrides the programmed feed rate Spindle Speed Override Overrides the programmed spindle speed Reference Guide Section E Press CTRL SPACE at any time to perform a keyboard Stop Control Program Reference Using the Status Bar The Status Bar displays miscellaneous information about the machining cen ter and the computer The left side of the Status Bar is reserved for operator messages such as the one displayed here NUM 1 1 LOCK MOD 8 41 AM If any of the following are grayed out the feature is considered off u The machine Homed state Black if the machine is currently homed The Caps Lock key state Black if the Caps Lock feature is on Some NC programmers prefer to type their programs in capital letters When the Caps Lock feature is on anything you type will be displayed in capital letters Press the Shift key to type lower case letters The Num Lock key state Black if the Num Lock feature is on Some NC programmers prefer to use the numeric keypad on the keyboard to enter fig
140. id a Dangerous Environment Don t use the machining center in damp or wet locations Never operate electrical equipment in the presence of volatile and flammable petroleum based solvents and lubricants Keep Untrained Visitors Away from the Equipment Children and visitors unfamiliar with the hazards of rotating machinery should always be kept away from the work area Prevent Unauthorized Users from Operating the Machining Center Lock and remove the key from the machining center control panel when the system is not in use Do Not Force a Tool Select the feed rate and depth of cut best suited to the design construc tion and purpose of the cutting tool It is always better to take too light a cut than too heavy a cut Use the Right Tool Select the type of cutting tool best suited to the milling operation Don t force a tool or attachment to do a job it wasn t designed to do Dress Appropriately Don t wear loose clothing or jewelry which can get caught in moving parts Wear a hat or hair net or tie your hair back to keep it away from moving parts Secure the Workpiece Be certain that you have firmly secured the workpiece in the vise and the cutting tool to the collet before turning on the spindle motor Do Not Overreach Keep your footing and balance at all times so you won t fall into or grab the moving machine Maintain Cutting Tools In Top Condition Keep cutting tools sharp and clean Lubricate and clean
141. if the tool movements are logical 9 The first portion of a part program should turn on the spindle and establish the feed rate and spindle speed 10 M codes should be placed on separate blocks to avoid confusion over whether an M code is activated during or after a motion command 11 Double check all program blocks against your coding sheet to locate and correct typographical errors Reference Guide Section F Reference Guide SectionG More CNC Programming Linear Interpolation Programming Circular Interpolation Programming Rapid Traverse Programming Canned Cycle Programming Subprogram Programming Typical tool movement using linear interpolation 62 Linear Interpolation Programming Linear interpolation is the movement of the tool in a line from its current position to a coordinate location specified by an NC code Here s a typical line of NC code using linear interpolation N5G90G01X 7Y1 2F2 Broken down into individual words 5 The line sequence number is 5 G90 Coordinates are given using absolute dimensioning G01 Linear interpolation is specified X 7 X axis coordinate of end point 7 Y1 2 Y axis coordinate of end point 1 2 F2 Feed rate is 2 inches per minute The G01 code s required when switching from circular interpolation or rapid traverse positioning back to linear interpolation If we assume the cur rent position of the tool is X 5 Y 5 the tool movement generated by the above line i
142. inates Rapid traverse is used to reposition the tool before ending a program or in preparation for the next cut WARNING The tool should not be engaged in a cutting operation while traversing to a new location Rapid traverse can be used for all tool positioning motions This will reduce the run time for the part program The G00 code remains in effect until lin ear G01 or circular G02 G03 interpolation is again specified Linear or circular interpolation resumes at the feed rate last specified prior to the rapid traverse motion s unless you specify a new feed rate Here s a sequence of typical NC lines using rapid traverse G90G01 X1F2 MOVE IN A STRAIGHT LINE TO X 1 2 IPM G00X2 RAPID TRAVERSE TO X 2 X3 RAPID TRAVERSE TO X 3 G01X4 MOVE IN A STRAIGHT LINE X 4 AT 2 IPM Reference Guide Section G Zc egg 44 Canned Cycle Programming Canned cycle commands allow you to perform drilling operations by specify ing just a few codes They are typically used for repetitive operations to reduce the amount of data required in an NC program Canned cycle codes are re tained until superseded in the program by another canned cycle code The supported canned cycles codes are G80 Canned cycle cancel G81 Straight drilling G82 Straight drilling with dwell at bottom G83 Peck drilling G84 Tapping cycle G85 Boring cycle G86 Boring cycle with spindle off dwell optional G89 Boring cycle with dwell These
143. ines the end point and the center of the arc Broken down into individual words the sec ond line reads 10 The line sequence number is 10 G03 The tool will proceed in a counterclockwise direction from the starting point to specified X Y coordinates center point of arc is specified by I J coordinates X1 X axis coordinate of end point 0 YO axis coordinate of end point 1 I 1 coordinate of center point of arc 1 relative to start point JO J coordinate of center point of arc 0 relative to start point F2 Feed rate is 2 inches per minute 6 3 Typical tool movement using circular interpolation 64 The tool path generated by the preceding lines is something like this An equivalent movement is achieved with incremental dimensioning G91 Y End Point XO Tool Motion 1 5 Start Point X1 YO 0 0 gt x N9G91X1Y0 SET START POINT N10G03X 1Y11 1JOF2 In this NC line the X and Y values are the distance the tool is to move from its current position In both cases the I and J values are equal to the X and Y distance from the start point to the center point Circular Interpolation on Other Planes To perform circular interpolation on a plane other than the X Y plane use a G18 code to select the X Z plane or use a G19 code to select the Y Z plane This feature is rarely used in manual part programming but may be used by CAM systems to generate surfaces of revolution The G17 code is used
144. ing blocks may contain N codes The O and N code numbers may be used to help identify and set apart the subprogram to improve readability for example M98 P50000 call to first subprogram after first subprogram is finished M99 code returns to this point M98 P60000 call to second subprogram after second subprogram is finished M99 code returns to this point O50000 start of subprogram N50010 first line of subprogram N50020 second line of subprogram N50030 M99 last line of subprogram O60000 second subprogram N60010 first line of second subprogram N60020 second line of second subprogram N60030 M99 last line of second subprogram Subprogram Reference Number P Code Use the P code with u The G31 code to reference a goto target block u The G51 code to specify a uniform scaling factor u The M98 code to reference a subprogram using the subprogram block number u The M99 code to specify a return block number as a goto target Peck Depth Q Code The Q code is used with the G83 code in canned cycle peck drilling to specify the incremental depth of each peck F 19 CAUTION Using multiple tools is an advanced operation and should not be attempted by persons unfamiliar with using the spectraLIGHT Machining Center Note Do not place absolute and incremental commands in the same block For example G90X1V1 will not produce the expected motions F 20 Radius of Arc Drilling Start Location R Code
145. input 2 Robot 2 or user input 6 goes low before executing the operations on this block Used for robot synchroniza tion see Section L for more information This is the same as using the codes G26 H6 Reference Guide Section F Basic Programming The Canned Cycle Group Canned cycle codes allow you to perform a number of tool motions by specifying just one code Canned Cycle codes are typically used for repetitive operations to reduce the amount of data required in an NC program Canned cycle codes are retained until superseded in the program by another canned cycle code The supported Canned Cycle codes are G80 Canned cycle cancel G81 Canned cycle drilling G82 Canned cycle straight drilling with dwell G83 Canned cycle peck drilling G85 Canned cycle boring G86 Canned cycle boring with spindle off dwell optional G89 Canned cycle boring with dwell Refer to Section G for more information on these functions The Programming Mode Group Programming mode G codes select the programming mode absolute G90 or incremental G91 These codes remain in effect until superseded by each other The default code on program start up is G90 With absolute programming all X Y and Z coordinates are relative to origin of the current coordinate system With incremental programming each mo tion to a new coordinate is relative to the previous coordinate The supported Programming Mode codes are G90 Absolute programming mode
146. installed earlier Connecting the Computer to the Controller Box 1 2 Route the 25 pin cable between the Computer and the Controller Box Connect the end of the cable marked COMPUTER to the 25 pin connector protruding from the LMC Interface Card in the rear of the computer As mentioned before make sure you are plugging the cable into the Interface Card connector not the parallel port Connect the other end of the cable to the 25 pin connector marked COMPUTER on the rear panel of the Controller Box Make sure all connectors are secured ONLY OPERATE MOTOR DRIVES MAIN UTH ALC WARNING EA ES SECURELY FASTENED SE GE BETWEEN THE MACHINE 0 ARTS DES E TOOL AND THIS 3A 12 120VAC 5A 120VAC 3A ACC2 ACC1 SPINDLE Y E E E 3508 508 SQ SPINDLE ACC2 KA Mo 5 120VAC 60Hz 15A 5 07 7 D acct w User s Guide Section A Remove the protective cap from the plug end of the Accessory Port Adapter Cable before inserting it into the accessory connector on the Controller Box Installation Connecting Power to the Hardware Components Both the machining center and the Controller Box must be plugged into a grounded 120VAC 60Hz 15A polarized wall outlet as shown in the Inter connection Diagram This outlet must be capable of supplying up to 12 amps of power to the Controller Box Locate the
147. is establishes a reference tool position which is used as a reference point for additional tools For demonstration purposes we will use Tool 1 as the reference tool and Tool 2 as the additional tool To set the reference tool 1 Decide on a reference point a point on the workpiece or on a gauge where you will jog the tip of each tool 2 Open the Jog Control Panel select Jog Control from the View Menu With the tool installed in the spindle jog Tool 1 to the reference point The tip of the tool should barely touch the workpiece or zero out a reference gauge 3 Select Set Position from the Setup Menu Set the current position of Tool 1 to zero on the Z axis Tool 1 is now established as the reference tool Establishing Tool Offsets Now that the reference tool is established additional tools can be assigned offsets You can move the tool and accept its current Z axis position as the offset value or you can manually enter offset values To set the offset for Tool 2 l Jog the spindle up insert Tool 2 then jog it down just to touch the sur face of the workpiece or offset sensor at the previously determined ref erence point 2 Select Setup Library from the Tools Menu The Z axis position will be off by the difference in the length between this tool and the reference tool 3 Select Tool 2 Click on the Current Z button The Control Program assigns the offset value of Tool 2 as minus the current Z
148. k on start up Tighten All Holding Locking and Driving Devices Tighten the work holders and tool holders Do not over tighten these devices Over tightening may damage threads or warp parts thereby reducing ac curacy and effectiveness User s Guide Section D Note You should use the Emergency Stop button to disconnect power to the machining center when changing fools or when mounting or removing a workpiece Place a Pause command and a Tool Change command M06 in your part program Once the pause is executed push in the Emergency Stop button and open the machining center shield When you are finished with the changes close the shield Pull out the Emergency Stop button then press Enter on the computer keyboard to resume running the program Tutorial Machining a Sample Part Making Emergency Stops Before you run the spectraLIGHT Machining Center for the first time you should know how to stop the machine should an emergency situation arise There are a number of ways an emergency stop can be initiated on the ma chining center by pressing the Emergency Stop button by simultaneously pressing the Control and Space Bar keys on the computer keyboard by activat ing one of the limit switches or by activating the safety shield interlock switch Stopping with the Emergency Stop Button There is an Emergency Stop button located on the front panel of the machining center it has an oversized red cap Before power can b
149. k the icon on the far left of the Title Bar If the Edit window is maximized the icon will be at the far left of the Menu Bar Click on the Close button on the far right of the Title Bar If the Edit window is maximized the icon will be at the far right of the Menu Bar Press Ctrl F4 3 If there are unsaved changes to the current program the File Save dialog box appears prompting you to save the changes Click one of the butons in the dialog box u Click Yes to save the changes u Click No to discard the changes u Click Cancel to exit the dialog box without saving the changes or closing the program window E 15 If you enable the AutoSave feature see Setup Menu Preferences your work will be saved automatically at regular intervals Use of the AutoSave feature is recommended if AutoSave is not enabled you should save your files frequently as you work Note When you name a file consider whether this file will be used on older systems running DOS or Windows 3 1 before you take advantage of Windows 95 long file names E 16 Save Command Use the Save command under the File Menu to save the current program as an NC file If the current NC program was previously saved selecting Save saves the changes to the same file without bringing up a dialog box If the current pro gram is new and still has the name Untitled selecting Save brings up the Save As dialog box with which you name choos
150. l will continue to move as long as the axis button is depressed Control Program Reference Using Panels The Jog Control Panel and Operator Panel are used to control machine operation Using the Jog Control Panel The Jog Control Panel is accessed by selecting the Jog Control command under the View Menu or by clicking on the Jog Control button on the Standard Toolbar The Jog Control Panel allows you to manually move jog the tool on the machining center Each axis on the machine is represented by buttons The X and Y axes are represented by the crosspad The crosspad follows the Cartesian coordinate system standard X to X is left to right while Y to Y is bottom to top The Z axis is represented by two buttons one for positive motion and one for negative motion Pressing any of the axis buttons moves the tool in the indicated direction as long as the system is not in Simulate Mode Jogging occurs in specific increments of speed and distance The speed and distance values are selected on this panel as well You can alter the speed and distance parameters for jogging by selecting the Jog Settings command under the Setup Menu or by double clicking on the Jog Control Panel J og Speed Controls Step Distance Controls Positive Z Axis Control X and Y Axis Control 0 1 Continuous Feed Control ___ ATL EO RR BAAD I Neg
151. ll touches the surface of the workpiece Select the Set Position command from the Setup Menu and enter zero for all three axes Select the Operator Panel and check that the spindle speed is set to 100 The workpiece is now correctly mounted D 13 To change any of the Run Settings Click on an item s checkbox The Run Settings include Single Step Allows you to run the NC part program one line at a time pausing after each line is executed Optional Skip Recognizes the optional skip code Optional Stop Pauses the NC program at any code Enable Subprograms Must be on if NC program uses subprograms Arc Centers Incremental Recognizes the code indicating that the center of an arcis an incremental value relative to the start of the arc Treat Warnings as Errors Halts the NC program at a warning as though it were an error Restore Unit Mode When Done Restores the original unit mode inches or metric regardless of the units used in the current NC program Verify While Running Allows tool path verification to occur while the NC program is running on the machining center D 14 Run the Program Before executing the Millone nc program check that all safety precautions have been taken The machining center safety shield should be closed and you should be wearing safety glasses If anything goes wrong immediately press the Emergency Stop button on the machining center to stop the operation A
152. long enough to allow the Controller Box to be located up to five feet away from the machining center Make sure the machining center is placed on a stable flat surface and leveled properly The Controller Box can be placed beside the machining center or mounted on a shelf beneath the machining center Make sure the power switch on the front of the Controller Box is readily accessible Keep in mind that you may need to check the fuses on the rear panel of the Controller Box Locate the Controller Box in an area where it will not be exposed to metal chips or cutting fluid User s Guide Section A 91545 Jo 1091 0 uoipeuuo219ju 5 5 1 7 Burumppw 910 905 0 JON p109 2 p109 1886 5 100v 200 1001 S1uvd 3NIHOVW N33M138 5 HSN G3Nalsv4 X13uno3s TIY HUM S3AH0 HOLOW n 31vH3dO AINO jaued 12931 xog 18j041u023 E 6 91 SZ 6 J010IA eipuids 1eddeis SIXV Z OV ZH09 AOZ L p109 Jayndwog Jayndwog
153. loose power cord that came with the machining center this is the power cord for the Controller Box Insert the receptacle end of this cord into the 120VAC three prong connector on the back of the Controller Box In sert the plug end of this cord into a grounded three hole 120VAC 60Hz wall outlet Optional Connections If you have purchased the optional Air Vise plug the power cord from the solenoid valve on the vise into the receptacle end of the accessory port adapter cable Plug the other end of the accessory port adapter cable into the recep tacle labelled ACC 2 on the rear panel of the Controller Box MOTORDANES MAN OR ATE mm OT OPEN Som SECURELY FASTENED ae Oe BETWEEN HE MACHINE NO USER SERVICEABLE TOOL AND THS SOK ANB SPINDLE B 3 Wm COMPUTER A amp BAXES CAXIS a Quy W Accessory Port Adapter Cable To connect an accessory to the Controller Box use the Accessory Port Adapter Cable You can also connect a second 120VAC accessory to your machine Plug the accessory s power cord into the receptacle end of another accessory port adapter cable Insert the plug end of the cable into the receptacle labelled ACC 1 on the rear of the Controller Box the current draw for such accessories however is limited to 3 amps A 9 pin male connector labeled TTL I O is provided on the rear panel of the Controller Box for interfa
154. lot cover requires re moving a screw at the top rail of the rear panel You may choose to discard the cover but save the screw for installing the Interface Card Unpacking the Interface Card The card is shipped inside an antistatic envelope Be careful not to create any static discharge when removing the card from the envelope touch a grounded surface such as the PC enclosure first Slide the card out of the envelope and inspect it for signs of damage such as bent or broken compo nents or a warped circuit card If damage is noted contact Light Machines Corporation immediately Inserting the Interface Card The following procedures describe how to insert and secure the Interface Card in the computer 1 Grasp the Interface Card at the front and back 2 Position the card above the bus connector at the chosen slot The inter face connector on the end of the card should face the rear panel of the computer chassis 3 Slide the card into the bus connector The interface connector on the card should protrude from the rear panel of the computer Carefully wiggle the Interface Card back and forth to assure its tightness in the bus con nector Components on the Interface Card should not touch adjacent cards or other components 4 Secure the Interface Card to the top rail of the rear panel with the screw you saved when removing the blank slot cover 5 Pay particular attention to the location of the slot in which you inserted
155. ls the tool shaft length in the Preview Window in the Verify Settings dialog box and the Verify Window The control software uses this value to insure that the tool with the smallest length offset is verified with a length at least as large as this value u Programming Settings controls several programming options u The Maximum Number of Subprograms The Maximum Depth of Subprograms the number of nested sub programs Maximum Arc Deviation the allowable difference between the two radii rl and r2 of an arc before being considered an error u The Default L Factor the angle at which a line segment approxi mates a portion of an arc The Default Run Feed Rate the initial feed rate when running or verifying an NC program used until a feed rate is specified in the NC program Reference Guide Section E Control Panel The New Controller Box option lets the controller know which version of Controller electronics you are using The How Do I Tell button explains the difference between the controllers The Spindle Settings option allows you to set delays between the time the spindle turns on and the next command is executed and from the time the spindle is turned off and the next time it is turned on These values should not be changed Advanced Panel These features are Not for Novice Users They are provided for trouble shooting purposes only The Spindle Settings allow you to change th
156. lso provides dynamic display of the elapsed machining time and highlights the block of code that is currently being executed User s Guide Section C Tips You can double click on the window to bring up the Verify Setup dialog box You can move the Verify Window to another part of the screen Hold Ctrl down then click and drag the window Once you release Ctrl and the mouse key the window will stay in the new position If you move the window back to the docking area it will automatically dock f you want the window to remain floating click the right mouse button on the window and uncheck dockable The window can only be resized when it is not dockable For more information on moving resizing and docking windows refer to the Reference Guide Section Getting to Know the Control Program Verify Window The Verify Window displays a simulation of your part program when you se lect the Verify command from the Program Menu or when you click the Verify Program button on the Standard Tool Bar Tool path verification can be performed in centerline view or solid view Centerline view is based on the centerline of the tool Solid view is a solid representation of the tool and workpiece Centerline View Solid View Cn User s Guide Section C User Guide Section D Tutorial Machining a Sample Part Safely Running the Machining Center Running a Sample NC Program D 2
157. ly however you may want to use a different origin the center of the stock for example In this case you must enter a different ori gin to properly verify your program The values entered should correspond to the coordinates of the left corner of the stock relative to the 0 0 0 point for the program For instance if the origin for the program is the center of a 3x2x1 piece of stock set the origin to 1 5 1 0 Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference Initial Tool Position You can select a tool start point using Initial Tool Position Only use Initial Tool Position for verification not for actually running a program The posi tion is used when you verify a program when verifying while running the actual position of the tool is used as the initial tool position Options Panel The Verify Options Panel controls certain aspects of the solid and center line verification display Verify Setup Ed View Stock Options r Centerline Options Auto Refresh Show Tool IV Show Rapid Moves Solid Options Auto refresh automatically refreshes the solid display of the workpiece if something changes during verification such as resizing the verify window changing the view or changing the stock dimensions When Auto refresh is disabled you will need to manually cause the verify window to update by selecting the Redraw command from the window s context menu This set ting only affects refreshing
158. machining center components on a regular basis Disconnect Tools Before Servicing Always use the emergency stop switch to disconnect power and disable the spindle motor before mounting or removing the workpiece or changing tools Do not rely solely on a programmed Pause command to disable ma chining center operation Avoid Accidental Starting Make sure the power switch on the control box is off before plugging in the machining center power cord Reference Guide Section J Use Recommended Accessories To avoid stressing the machining center and creating a hazardous machining environment use only those accessories designed for use with the spectraLIGHT Machining Center available through Light Machines Corporation Tighten All Holding Locking and Driving Devices Tighten the collet Do not over tighten tool holding devices Over tightening may damage threads or warp parts thereby reducing accuracy and effectiveness Keep Coolant Away from Electrical Components Do not allow coolant to splash into or near the computer Do Not Operate the Machine Under the Influence of Alcohol or Drugs Alcohol or drugs may impair your judgement and reaction time which could contribute to an on the job accident Avoid Distractions While Running the Machine Use simple common sense and pay attention while operating any piece of machinery Safe Machining Center Operation 5 IMPORTANT Post copies of this checklist in the
159. mal perpendicular to the start point of the first segment specified after startup rather than calculating the intersection between the startup segment and the first complete segment The diagrams shown do not reflect this change Before beginning each motion the Control Program looks ahead to the next motion in the NC code to determine the compensated end point of the first motion Using this method the Control Program determines that point A is the end point of the first motion The tool moves to point A on the compensated tool path 3 The tool moves to the end point of segment 2 point on the compensated tool path Point B is the intersection of lines drawn perpendicular to the Offset Vectors of segments 2 and 3 with an offset value of D from the programmed tool path Advanced CNC Programming P2 P3 Segment 3 Segment 4 P4 Segment 2 Segment 5 D1 Offset Vector Segment 2 oa 1 Offset Vector Segment 1 Offset Vector Segment 1 Segment 1 Tool Start Point Offset Vector B Segment 3 gt Tool Segment 3 Segment 4 Segment 2 Segment 5 Offset Vector Segment 2 PS P py Offset Vector Segment 1 Offset Vector Segment 1 Segment 1 Start Point H 9 4 The tool moves to the end point of segment 3 point C which is located at the intersection of lines drawn perpendicular to the Offset Vectors of segments 3 and 4 with an offset value of D T
160. mand Select Pause from the Program Menu or click the Pause button on the Standard Toolbar To resume running a program after a Pause Press F5 click the Run button on the Standard Toolbar or click the Go button on the Message Bar E 33 Feedhold Command The Feedhold command is very similar to the Pause command It is used to pause a running NC program The differences between a Pause and a Feedhold are u A Feedhold pause the NC program immediately it does not wait until the current block is executed u Feedhold does not work during tool path verification To use the Feedhold command Select Feedhold from the Program Menu To resume running a program after a Feedhold Press F5 click the Run button on the Standard Toolbar or click the Go button on the Message Bar Stop Command You can use the Stop command under the Setup Menu to halt a running NC program The machining center immediately halts cutting and the current tool position is stored by the computer To use the Stop command 1 Select Stop from the Program Menu press Ctrl Space or click the Stop red button on the Standard Toolbar 2 A message box appears Clear the box by clicking OK or pressing Enter You are automatically returned to the Edit mode To restart the NC program 1 Manually jog the tool so it is above the workpiece to avoid a tool crash 2 Select the Run Continue command to restart the NC program You will not have to reset
161. mand The Save Settings command brings up a dialog box that allows you to retain current library security screen and control settings as defaults Save Defaults x Settings to Save Mi iban Security Settings v Contro Setup Other Settings Window Positions Save All Cancel u Click on a particular setting s to tag it then click on the Save button to save the selected items and exit the dialog box u Click on the Save All button to save all settings without having to select each one u Click on the Cancel button to exit the Save Defaults dialog box without changing the existing defaults Restore Settings Command The Restore Settings command allows you to restore all or some of the cur rent settings to the defaults you set using the Save Settings command User Defaults or to the factory set defaults Restore Defaults x Settings to Restore Security Settings v Contra Setup v Other Settings Window Positions Restore From User Defaults Factory Defaults Restore E 61 E 62 u Click on a particular setting s to tag it then click on a Restore From option Click the Restore button to restore the selected items and exit the dialog box u Click on the Restore All button to restore all settings without having to select each one u Click on the Cancel button to exit the Restore Defaults dialog box with out changing the existing
162. mited by the amount of memory on your computer To open an existing NC program l Select Open from the File Menu or press Ctrl O The Open dialog box appears This is a typical Open file dialog box Open Look in ja Wslm e T Millone nc Files of type Program Files NC Cancel 2 In the dialog box locate and highlight the desired NC file 3 Click the Open button or press Enter The selected NC program file is opened The Tide Bar on the Edit Window displays the name of the file To select a file that is already open u Ifthe open file has changed since it was opened you are prompted to reload the original version of the file or to cancel the opening procedure u open file has not changed since it was opened it becomes the ac tive Program Edit Window E M Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference Close Command You can close a program window at any time Unless you have already done so you will be prompted to save any changes made to the program file To close a program window 1 Make sure the program window you want to close is selected 2 Select one of several ways to close the open window u Select the Close command from the File Menu Single click the icon on the far left of the Title Bar and select Close from the drop down menu If the Edit window is maximized the icon will be at the far left of the Menu Bar Double clic
163. n The third carton contains the Controller Box the Interface Card the Control Program software the documentation and the Accessory Kit 1 Unpack the Controller Box and mill column containers and use the packing slips to confirm that you have received all the items listed 2 Open the machining center container and remove the foam inserts 3 Lift the machining center out of the box and onto the table 4 Inspect the machining center chassis for signs of visual damage such as a broken shield a dent in the chassis or damaged cables If any damage is noted or if you find any discrepancies between the packing slips and the items received call Light Machines Customer Service Department 800 221 2763 5 Remove the protective paper from the safety shield M3 The Interface Card is factory set to operate in the address range reserved for Bisync cards on the PC 1 0 address 03A0 hex If another expansion card is already installed to operate at this address contact Light Machines Technical Support Department for installation assistance A 4 Hardware Installation The following paragraphs review the procedures for installing the hardware components of the spectraLIGHT Machining Center You should already have your personal computer set up in accordance with the directions in the computer owner s manual The first thing you have to do is install the spectraLIGHT Interf
164. n the Preview box Adjust the View l Select the View tab 2 Select a Style Solid for a solid representation or Centerline for a center line representation of the tool and workpiece 3 Usethe Zoom controls to alter the size of the workpiece in the Verify window 4 Select a Preset View Choose Isometric for a three dimensional view of the part D 6 User s Guide Section D The Stock panel allows you to Enter the dimensions of the workpiece Set the initial position of the tool Set the point of origin for the workpiece Tutorial Machining a Sample Part Adjust the Stock 1 2 Select the Stock tab Enter the stock Dimensions for the Millone nc part program The stock dimensions are X 3 Y 2 and Z 1 5 Set the Initial Tool Position to X 0 Y 0 and Z 0 5 Select OK The dialog box closes and your changes are applied to the workpiece in the Verify Window Verify Setup D 7 To define a new tool select an undefined tool as we have here then select Tool Type Note You can enter fractions and let the program calculate the decimal equivalent D 8 Define the Tool To machine this part you will use an 1 8 HSS end mill You will use the parameters for this particular end mill for the tool path verification as well To define the tool parameters first add the tool to the tool library then select the tool for verification Add the Tool to the Library l Select Setup Library from the
165. n the next block line The system assumes no change in codes unless a new code appears Some of the codes this does vor apply to N words I J and G04 G05 G25 G26 G92 F used for dwell M02 M20 M25 M26 M30 M47 M98 or M99 3 You can use more than one code in a block however you can use only one G code from any one group in a single block 4 codes sequence numbers are not required in a part program however they can be useful in identifying a block when editing a long NC part program An O code is required to mark the beginning of a subprogram and does not have to be in sequence with the N codes 5 The first instruction in a part program should move the tool to the start ing position This makes restarts much easier 6 The last block of a program should move the tool back to the starting position The tool will then be in position to start cutting another part 7 Part programs should reference the zero point with 70 at the point where the tool just touches the work piece This convention allows for standardization of programming 8 Before running an NC part program a Look for the typical coding error that places two X codes two Y codes or two Z codes in the same block b Be sure that all required coordinates have been written into appro priate blocks 9 Verify the part program to discover any program errors d Run the part program without mounting stock in the machining center to see
166. nd M codes in the part program The G codes provide the wait in structions to the inputs while the M codes provide the transmit instructions to the outputs The following sequence is typical of communication between the machining center and a robot Since the robot s initial output state is low the mill s in puts have already been pulled down to a low state This sequence assumes the machining center is equipped with an air vise Transmit High G25 Ee INPUT Wait for High M25 OUTPUT Reference Guide Section L 2 The robot places a work piece in the vise and transmits a high signal to the machining center indicating that it is okay to close the vise 3 The machining center receives the signal closes the air vise M10 then signals M26 the robot that the vise is closed The machining center then waits 026 for low signal from the robot 4 The robot releases the work piece and leaves the work area It transmits a low signal when it is away from the work area 5 The machining center receives the low signal from the robot and begins to machining the part Robotic Integration OUTPUT INPUT Transmit Low M25 Wait for Low G25 OUTPUT Transmit High INPUT OUTPUT INPUT i Transmit Low Run NC Program 6 When the machining center has finished the part it signals the robot M25
167. nd distance parameters for jogging the tool Establish options for running an NC part program Establish options for verifying an NC part program Select centerline or solid view for tool path verification Establish or check a fixed known position on the machine Automatically move the tool to a specific set of coordinates on the machining center Select Inch or Metric units of measure Define multiple coordinate systems for the machining center Modify the table of Offset values used for certain NC codes Specify a spindle speed if you have not used an S code in your NC program Define the amount of play in the machining center turning screws Establish software limits for each axis that are different than the actual fixed hardware limits on the machining center Establish defaults for saving files and security features E 39 Note This command sets the position of the tip of the tool to the specified values It takes the tool s defined height into account E 40 Set Position Command Use the Set Position command under the Setup Menu to set new X Y and Z positions for the tool This command establishes a World Coordinate System in relationship to the Machine Coordinate System Setting the X Y and Z coordinates for the tool also defines the zero point of the coordinate system for absolute motion This command is also available under the Position Window Pop up Menu To set a new position 1
168. ndows and Toolbars later in this section Windows are activated or hidden using the commands under the View Menu The following windows are available u Program Edit Windows u Verify Window u Machine Info Window u Position Window Using Program Edit Windows When you open an existing NC part program file or create a new one the program appears in a program edit window Program Edit Windows have all of the features common to other windows including a title bar which dis plays the program file name and controls for minimizing maximizing and closing the window Program Edit Windows appear in the Edit Area the large central area of the screen The Edit Area is fixed in position you cannot close it or move it The Edit Area can contain multiple Edit Windows When other windows panels and toolbars are closed the space that their docking areas occupy is given to the Edit Area When other windows panels and toolbars are open the space that their docking areas occupy is taken from the Edit Area The Windows Menu has several commands for managing program Edit Windows and allows you to select a particular window from a list of all cur rent windows identified by file names E3 Tips You can double click on the Verify i i 1 Window to bring up the Verify Using the Verity Wi ndow Setup dialog box The Verify Window can be opened and You can move the Verify Window to closed by selecting the Verify Window another
169. ndows use the same font settings To use the Select Font command 1 Select the Select Font command from the Edit Menu The Font dialog box appears Ip Technical Select a font from the Font list Select a Font Style Select a font size from the Size list Click OK to change the font or click Cancel or press Esc to exit the Font dialog box without changing the fonts Control Program Reference 27 Position v Machine Info Jog Control Operator Panel Verify Window Toolbars The checkmarks on this View Menu indicate that the Machine Info Window and the Verify Window are both open The other windows or panels are not open E 28 View Menu The View Menu commands control the display of windows and toolbars Command Used to Position Open or close the Machine Position Window Machine Info Open or close the Machine Info Window Jog Control Open or close the Jog Control Panel Operator Panel Open or close the Operator Panel Verify Window Open or close the Verify Window Toolbars Open or close one of the toolbars Position Command Use the Position command on the View Menu to open or close the Position Window To open or close the Position window select Position from the View Menu A check mark appears next to the Position command when the Position Window is open Machine Info Command Use the Machine Info command on the View Menu to open or close the Machine Info window To open
170. ng happens because the machining center is waiting for a high signal If there s no change to a high signal the machining center does not execute the next line of NC code in the program When the robot sends a high signal the machining center responds by con tinuing with the NC program If the machining center does not respond to the robot as you have programmed it to check that you have correctly wired the robot to the interface and that the robot s initial output state was not changed to high during the connection of the robot L 5 1 The machining center opens the air vise M11 transmits a high signal M25 to the robot and waits for a high on signal 625 L 6 ae Sample of Mill Robot Communication As previously explained communication between the machining center and robot is very simple They only use and recognize high or low signals Once the machining center sends a signal to the robot it goes into a wait state and continues to wait until the robot sends the appropriate signal back When the signal is recognized the machining center executes the next instruction in the part program After executing the instruction it sends a signal to the rbot The robot which has been in a wait state since its last transmission receives the signal performs as it has been programmed then again signals the ma chining center This reciprocal system of communication is made possible by the placement of G a
171. ngth Offset Group Tool Length Adjust Group K 4 G17 G18 G19 G50 G51 G68 G69 G39 G40 G41 G42 G43 G44 G49 G45 G46 G47 G48 Select the X Y plane for circular interpolation This is the default plane for circular interpolation Use this code to switch back to the X Y plane after circular moves on the X Z or Y Z planes The arc center coordinates are given by I for the X axis and J for the Y axis Select the X Z plane for circular interpolation Use this code to perform circular interpolation on the X Z plane The arc center coordinates are given by I for the X axis and K for the Z axis Select the Y Z plane for circular interpolation Use this code to perform circular interpolation on the Y Z plane The arc center coordinates are given by J for the Y axis and K for the Z axis Cancel scaling Invoke scaling Use this code to scale axes by a single factor or by independent factors around a fixed origin The default scale factor is 1 Invoke rotation Use this code to rotate geometry by an arbitrary angle around a specified point Rotation works on any plane one plane at a time Cancel rotation Corner offset in circular interpolation Cancel cutter compensation Invoke cutter compensation left Invoke cutter compensation right Specifies the offset number from the Offset Table Shifts Z axis in a positive direction by a value specified by H Shifts Z axis in a negative direction
172. ning Center User s Guide
173. nual Mode spindle speed is controlled by the Spindle Speed Control Knob also on the front panel If the Mode is set to CNC spindle speed is determined by an S code in the NC program If there is no S code in the NC program spindle speed is deter mined by the Setup Spindle dialog box To specify a spindle speed 1 Select the Spindle command from the Setup Menu The Spindle Setup dialog box appears Setup Spindle m Spindle Speed actual M gt isod RPM 0 5000 Reset Override to 100 Spindle State Disable don t allow turning spindle Done 2 Select a spindle speed by entering a value in the RPM box or by using the slider and arrow buttons Control Program Reference 53 Note You should not specify too slow of a backlash feed rate or you will notice delays each time an axis with backlash changes direction E 54 Also in this dialog box Reset the spindle override value to 100 by clicking on the Reset Override to 100 button u Change the On Off state of the spindle using the On and Off buttons in the Spindle State area u Disable spindle operation by selecting the Disable option This is useful if you have a device mounted in the spindle that cannot withstand being rotated such as a wired probe u Select Done to close the dialog box Backlash Command Use the Backlash command under the Setup Menu to define the amount of play in the machining center t
174. o the program If this menu command is grayed out there is no text on the clipboard to paste E21 E 22 Clear Command Use the Clear command under the Edit Menu to delete selected text from your NC program The text is not copied to the Windows clipboard You can also use the Delete key on your keyboard to achieve the same effect To delete text using the Clear command l Select the text you wish to delete 2 Select the Clear command from the Edit Menu The selected text is deleted Delete Line Command Use the Delete Line command under the Edit Menu to delete an entire line of NC code from a program without selecting it first To delete a program line using the Delete Line command 1 Place the cursor anywhere on the line of code you wish to delete 2 Select the Delete Line command from the Edit Menu or press Ctrl Y The line of code is deleted Find Command Use the Find command under the Edit Menu to locate a particular sequence of characters within an NC program To use the Find command 1 Select Find from the Edit Menu or press Ctrl F The Find dialog box appears zT Find what subprogram Match whole word only Direction Close Match case C Up Down 2 Enter the character sequence for which you are looking in the Find what box 3 Check the Match whole word only box to restrict the search to whole words skipping partial words 4 Check the Match Case box to restrict the search
175. odified by the commands on the Edit Menu When an NC program is locked the program cannot be changed by any commands By default when you open a file it is automatically locked to prevent accidental changes You can change this de fault setting in the Preferences dialog box Seup Menu Editor Tab There are three ways to determine if a selected program is locked or unlocked 1 Ifacheck mark appears next to the Lock command the current NC pro gram is locked 2 Alocked NC program can be identified by the background color of its Edit Window If the background is gray the file is locked if it is white the file is unlocked 3 The Lock Indicator on the Status Bar is gray if the program is unlocked black if the program is locked To toggle an NC program between the locked and unlocked states select the Lock command from the Edit Menu press Ctrl L or double click the Lock Indicator on the Status Bar Reference Guide Section E Select Font Command Note Use the Select Font command under the Edit Menu to change the font settings The Undo command does not undo a for open NC programs The font settings control the font and font size used font settings change in the program Edit Window The fonts listed are the true type fonts already installed on your system Font Settings are intended for viewing and printing purposes only They do not affect the NC program in any way and are not stored within the program file All open program wi
176. ogram interface the screen is composed of several components that allow you to create NC part programs and interact with the machining center co WSLM Untitled Menu Fie Edit View Program Tools Setup Window Simulate Mode 1996 97 Light Machines Corporation Message Toolbars Bar ol ele lis Docking 5 Untitled Area X 0 0000 in _ Y 0 0000 in 0 1000 in 81 Tool Di TDiam 0 125 E Feed 1200 Spindle DO Pass 000 654 of 1 _ Windows Panels penc m Docking Area Docking Area Status Fress CTRL SPACE at any time to perform a keyboard Stop Homed CAP 1 1 LOCK MOD 1 27 PM Bar 2 Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference a eee Using the Message Bar The Message Bar is located directly beneath the Menu Bar When an NC program is running or being verified the Message Bar displays the name of the NC file currently being run or the most recent operator message When a program is running the Message Bar also displays control buttons Go or Stop When there is no program running the Message Bar displays the Control Program copyright notice Using Windows Windows can be used to display information or accept input from the machine operator Some windows can be docked or they can be floating windows see Docking and Floating Wi
177. ols on the Outputs Toolbar include u u The Spindle control This button turns the spindle on and off The control This button turns the Accessory 1 output on and off The ACC2 control This button turns the Accessory 2 output on and off The Robot Output 1 control This button toggles Robotic Output 1 between high and low conditions When this button is depressed it places Robotic Output 1 on the TTL I O connector on the Controller Box in the high condition When this button is not depressed Robotic Output 1 is in the low condition The Robot Output 2 control This button toggles Robotic Output 2 be tween high and low conditions When this button is depressed it places Robotic Output 2 on the TTL I O connector on the Controller Box in the high condition When this button is not depressed Robotic Out put 2 is in the low condition Reference Guide Section E Tips Double dicking on the Jog Control Panel opens the Jog Settings dialog box Ifyou wish you can move the Jog Control Panel to another part of the screen by holding the Ctrl key down then clicking and dragging the Jog Control Panel Select the Keypad button if you wish to use the numeric keypad on your computer keyboard for jogging You can nof jog the machine unless the jog control is activated which is indicated by the Keypad button Tip To move the tool in a continuous motion select Cont The too
178. omes to a stop Typically used with an L code to repeat a program a set number of times M98 Call to subprogram Use the P code to specify the subprogram starting block number Use the L code to specify the number of times the subroutine is executed You can nest subprogram calls to a depth of 20 M99 Return from Subprogram Goto M105 Operator Message LMC M22 Output Current Position to File The M22 code is used to write information to a file while a program is run ning Typically this code is used when digitizing to write the current X Y and Z machine coordinates to a file The proper format for using this code is M22 filename Data to Write to File The first time the Control Program encounters an M22 code it opens the specified file You must enclose the name of the file in parentheses for the Control Program to recognize it If you do not specify any Datato WritetoFile text the default data is output This default is the current position equiva lent to specifying Y Y Z Z The X Y Z macros are replaced by the actual machine position when the data is written F 15 Note All text on the same block after the closing parenthesis is output to the file with all valid macros being replaced as it is written F 16 Each M22 code automatically adds a linefeed to the end of its output so the next M22 starts on a new line If the file name is followed by A e g test nc A the Control Progr
179. on while the program is running The verification does not show exactly what is happening on the machining center There is a delay between each tool motion You will see each tool motion on the screen but the screen will pause until the machine finishes the motion and the next program block is read Verify Settings Command Use the Verify Setup dialog box to control the appearance of the tool path verification You can also access this dialog box using the Verify Window Pop up Menu Verify Setup Ed View Stock Options m Preview Note The Preview represents the Centerline view The Solid view is unaffected by the zoom amount and may differ slightly from the preview The Verify Settings dialog box is tabbed with the settings organized into three groups the View Panel Stock Panel and Options Panel Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference View Panel The View panel allows you to control the view style and zoom factor It also offers a selection of preset views Style Use these radio buttons to select between Solid and Centerline views of the stock Solid View is solid three dimensional view of the workpiece and tool Cen terline View is a view that depicts the centerline of the tool instead of a solid model of the tool The workpiece is shown in wireframe Zoom Use these buttons to control the size of the stock in the Verify Window You can click on the buttons or use Alt key combinati
180. on of movement after cutter compensation is cancelled G91G41D1 X 25 Y 25 7 2 RETRACT G40X 5Y 251 5J 25 M2 Center of compensated tool path Center of Start poin programmed tool path IJ Vector Default end point H 17 CAUTION Using a P Code to scale an entire piece may affect the Z axis which may affect your programmed depths of cut Use caution when performing scaling operations Note If you do not specify any of the coordinates for the scaling center the current position for unspecified axes becomes the scaling center coordinate H 18 ERES Using Scaling and Rotation Codes Scaling and rotating codes can be used separately or they can be combined Each of these functions is described in the following paragraphs Scaling Use the scaling codes to scale or more axes of a part from a fixed scaling origin You can scale the entire piece uniformly or set different scaling fac tors for each axis Use the following codes for scaling G50 Cancels scaling G51 Invokes scaling P Uniform scale multiplier Uniform Scaling Use a P Code to scale an entire piece uniformly along each axis When you specify a value for P subsequent motions are scaled by that value starting from the scaling center The Control Program measures the distance from the scaling center to the start and end points of the shape then multiplies those values by the P value The NC prog
181. ons Alt Alt and Alt A Each mouse click or key combination used zooms by an increment of one Button Function Zoom in on the stock Zoom away from the stock All Fit the stock into the window Preset View Use these buttons to select a perspective then use the Preview Window to fine tune the angle Button Function Front View the stock directly from the front The stock appears as a rectangle along the X Z axes Top View the stock directly from above The stock ap pears as a rectangle along the X Y axes Isometric View the stock at an angle in three dimensions E 45 E 46 Stock Panel The Stock Panel allows you to specify particular information about the stock and tool position for tool path verification Verify Setup x View Stock Options Dimensions Initial Tool Position Length X E Width m2 Height el Y Axis 0 Z Axis 0 All stock values are interpreted according the Units Mode in effect at the time they are set To quickly see which Units Mode is currently in effect check the Position window Stock Dimensions Use this area to set the dimensions of the stock used in the verification process You will see the stock in the Preview Window change as soon as you enter a dimension Origin Use this area to adjust the verification for different workpiece setups Most NC programs set the 0 0 0 point at the top of the front left corner of the stock Occasional
182. op Button D 3 Stopping with the Computer D 3 Stopping with a Limit Switch eese D 4 Stopping with the Safety Shield Interlock Switch D 4 Running a Sample NC Program D 5 Open D 5 Adjustthe Verify 5 D 6 the Vow uto teet D 6 Adjust the 5 0 D 7 Define UNG TOON 0 8 Add the Tool to the D 8 Select the Tool for Verification D 9 Verify D 10 Dry Run the NC D 11 Mount the Workpiece D 13 Run the 14 Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference About the Control Program Interface E 2 Using the Message
183. ore you can use any homing commands or the Soft Limits and Coordinate Systems commands you must use the Set Check Home command to estab lish an initial reference point See Section E for information on using the Set Check Home command Machine Home Reference Point x Use the Reference Point Wizard to define your reference point Move to the Reference Point you G28 sets a machine reference point similar to the Set Check Home command from the Setup Menu iloa sloma defined previously Cancel Using G28 The G28 code moves the machine to the coordinates previously established by the Reference Point Wizard If a reference point has not been defined a warning is generated and the G28 command is skipped Advanced CNC Programming H 3 H 4 Using 628 in an NC Program The G28 code homes the machine and sets the Machine Coordinates to zero Use a G27 if you want to check the home position but do not want to set that position to zero The G54 calls up coordinate system one which contains the offset values relative to the machine s home position These are the values you entered for coordinate system one in the Offset from Machine Zero dialog box under the Set Coordinates dialog box The coordinates in the Position Window on the screen change to the coordinates of coordinate system one The next line GOXOYOZO calls for the machine to perform a rapid traverse motion from the Home position to point 0 0 0 in
184. package For additional information please call Light Machines Technical Support Basic CNC Programming M20 Chain to Next Program This code is used to chain several NC files together It appears at the end of a part program and is followed on the next line by the file name of another program which is executed when all motion stops Here s an example of a part program chain to another program N37 4 2 N38 M20 PROGRAM2 NC Chain to PROGRAM TWO If the two programs you are chaining are not in the same directory on your computer you must specify the full path name for the next program file If the software cannot locate the specified file you will be prompted to find it M22 Output current position or other information to file M25 Set TTL output 1 Robot 1 or Output 4 On Used for robot synchronization see Section L for more information Use the H code to specify an output other than the default H4 M26 Set TTL output 1 Robot 1 or Output 4 Off Used for robot synchronization see Section L for more information Use the H code to specify an output other than the default H4 M30 End of program Same as M02 M35 Set TTL output 2 Robot 2 or Output 5 On Used for robot synchronization see Section L for more information M36 Set TTL output 2 Robot 2 or Output 5 Off Used for robot synchronization see Section L for more information M47 Rewind Restarts the currently running program takes effect after all motion c
185. position The offset for Tool 2 is now established H 25 26 Testing Your Multiple Tool Program After setting all of the tool offsets test run your program without a work piece mounted and with the spindle speed turned down 1 After installing Tool 1 close the safety shield put on your safety glasses and complete the safety checklist Select the Run Continue command from the Program Menu Select line one as the start line and select Start Throughout the test be prepared to press the emergency stop button on the machining center in case of a tool crash The computer will run the program until it reaches the M06 code The M06 stops and retracts the spindle When the spindle has completely stopped and the Pause message appears on the screen push in the emergency stop button on the machining center Open the safety shield Remove Tool 1 and install Tool 2 making certain it is securely fas tened to the spindle Close the shield and pull out the emergency stop button Press the Re turn key on the computer keyboard The spindle turns on and moves to the previous position Operation continues as programmed until the next M06 code is encountered At each pause repeat Steps 3 through 6 installing the appropriate tool at the appropriate points in the program Edit the program if required When you are satisfied that the program works correctly mount the workpiece set the spindle speed and run your mul
186. pply a negative voltage or an AC voltage to an input u not connect to pins 7 or 8 These are for special applications u Outputs are set to source current only Max load on each output is 1 u Do not operate relays motors or other inductive loads with the I O outputs This will damage the machine You may however run an optical relay Reference Guide Section L Special Note You should not use Cycle Start when digitizing 6131 You should use caution if not entirely avoid using any G code which requires the activation of the Cycle Start button You may wish to follow a G26H8 block with 025 8 command so that once you press the Cyde Start button for the 026 the 625 waits until you release the Cycle Start button before continuing Robotic Integration The NC Codes The NC codes used in robotic communication are G25 wait for High signal G26 wait for Low signal M25 transmit High signal M26 transmit Low signal specifies the input or output default is H1 The H code is used in conjunction with the wait codes and transmit codes For example G25H3 tells the machining center to wait until the state at in put 3 goes high Assuming the robot s initial output state is low if you place this line of code at the beginning of your program the machining center waits until input 3 goes high then executes the next line of code If the external device sends a low signal nothi
187. r keyboard and floppy disks You should consider erecting a clear plastic shield between the computer and the mill to keep chips off the computer Use grounded three prong outlets for the computer and peripherals Take precautions against current overload A line surge suppression unit can be purchased at your local computer store to help alleviate this problem Don t block the vent holes in the computer or drives they are required for air circulation Caring for Floppy Disks Floppy disks are simple to use but require a few precautions to maintain their integrity Don t touch the magnetic disk part of the disk the shiny record like part inside the disk jacket Dust or grease from your hand can ruin any part of the disk that you touch and can possibly destroy the entire disk Keep disks in a disk box or special disk container instead of spreading them out on your work space Handle disks gently don t bend or crease them Don t write on disk labels with a ball point pen If you must write on the label always write very lightly with a felt tip pen Keep disks in a clean cool environment away from excess amounts of dust heat or sun B 11 B 12 Beware of getting machining fluids on the disks If you spill a liquid or cutting fluid on a disk it is almost percent certain that the disk and all the data on it can never be used again Keep disks away from all magnetic sources including telephones high
188. r interpolation If no J code is specified the system uses the current Y axis location as the Y axis center of the arc In Fanuc mode all arc centers are incremental The J code is also used with the G51 code to specify the scale factor for the Y axis when performing scaling functions including scaling each axis and mirror scal ing Refer to Section H for more information on using scaling 7 Axis Coordinate of Center Point K Code In absolute programming mode G90 the K code specifies the Z axis coor dinate of the center point of an arc or a circle when using circular interpola tion In incremental mode G91 the K code specifies the Z axis distance from the start point of motion to the center point of the arc for circular in terpolation If no K code is specified the system uses the current Z axis loca tion as the center of the arc In Fanuc mode all arc centers are incremental The K code is also used with the G51 code to specify the scale factor for the Z axis when performing scaling functions including scaling each axis and mirror scaling Refer to Section H for more information on using scaling Reference Guide Section F Note The line segments generated by a normalized L code are always approximately the same length regardless of the arc s radius The length of the arc segment being represented by each line segment is exactly the same Basic CNC Programming Angle of ArcResolution Loop Counter L Code
189. ram below creates a half circle then scales those motions by two to create a larger uniformly scaled half circle the scaling codes are in bold print NOGOZ 5 N1X1Y1 5 N2G1Z 1F10 N3G2Y 5J 5 N4G0Z1 N5G51X1Y1Z0P2 SUBSEQUENT MOTIONS SCALED BY 2 N6G0Z 5 N7X1Y1 5 N8G1Z 1F10 N9G2Y 5J 5 N10GO0Z1 N11G50 CANCEL SCALING The values for X Y and Z in line N5 represent the absolute position of the scaling center The P value represents the scale factor In this example the entire part is scaled by two The G50 in line N11 cancels the scaling User s Guide Section H In this example uniform scaling factor for all axes produces a shape scaled from the original In this example different scaling factors for the X and Y axes produce a shape similar to the one shown on the right When an arc is scaled differently in the two plane axes X and Y in 017 an ellipse results Because the Control Program cannot construct ellipses it interprets the shape as an arc followed by a line segment move to the desired end point The Control Program determines the arc by using the smaller of the two scale factors to determine its radius Advanced CNC Programming Scaling Each Axis You can scale each axis by different magnifications The following NC pro gram uses scaling to change the proportions of a motion by scaling each axis separately the scaling codes are in bold print NOGOZ 5 N1X1Y1 5 N2G1Z 1F10 N3G2Y 5J
190. rc Centers EIA 274D Skip Optional skip Compensation offset value 2 Feed rate inches per minute with G04 the number of seconds to dwell Preparatory codes Input selection number Tool length offset Arc center X axis dimension circular interpolation Arc center Y axis dimension circular interpolation Arc center Z axis dimension circular interpolation PASH oO Loop counter Program cycle repeat counter for blocks and sub programs arc interpolation control Miscellaneous codes Block number user reference only Subprogram starting block number Subprogram reference number with M98 or M99 Uniform scale multiplier with G51 Peck depth for pecking canned cycle O Arc radius for circular interpolation with G02 or Starting reference point for peck drilling with canned cycle codes Rota tion angle for coordinate rotation Spindle speed Tool selection Incremental X motion dimension Incremental Y motion dimension Incremental Z motion dimension X axis motion coordinate Y axis motion coordinate NX x 8 lt CH Z axis motion coordinate Comment Basic CNC Programming F 3 Note The optional skip code works only when the Optional Skip parameter from the Run Settings dialog box is on F 4 Incremental Arc Center Code The incremental arc center code selects the Fanuc mode for programming arc coordinates T
191. rd drive running either Windows 95 or Windows NT version 3 51 or higher You must have at least 5MB of free space on your hard drive to perform this in stallation See above for system requirements Installing the Control Program The following instructions assume that your hard drive is drive C and your floppy drive is drive A 1 Turn on the computer Wait for it to go through its internal checks and for it to complete the start up process 2 When your Windows desktop appears insert the spectraLIGHT disk in the computer floppy drive 3 Using the Windows Explorer Start Menu Programs Windows Explorer open the floppy drive Note If you are installing on Windows NT use either the File Manager to access the floppy drive or select Run from the Program Manager 4 Double dick on Setup exe to start the installation 5 The Welcome screen appears You are warned to exit all other running programs If no other programs are running click Next 6 The next screen requests that you enter the destination directory for the Control Program If you would like to place the Control Program in a directory other than the default directory click on Browse and select an alternate destination Otherwise click Next 7 window appears displaying installation progress and prompting you on how to proceed After installation is complete you are prompted to view the Readme file It is beneficial to view the Readme file at this
192. re labelled to correspond with each AC outlet Locate the correct fuse holder 3 Remove the fuse by turning the fuse cap counterclockwise while pressing slightly inward The fuse is removed with the cap 4 Visually inspect the fuse If the fuse element appears broken it is blown You can also use an ohm meter to check the continuity of each fuse B 9 B 10 Replace the blown fuse with a standard slow blow fuse of the appropriate rating Three amp 3A fuses are used for the motor drives ACC 1 and 2 A five amp 5A fuse is used for the spindle and a twelve amp 12A fuse is used for main AC power Replace the fuse holder cap by pushing inward and turning clockwise Reconnect power User s Guide Section B spectraLIGHT System Hardware a Maintaining the PC in a Shop Environment Here are a few general guidelines for maintaining your personal computer and software in a shop environment See your owner s manual for mainte nance procedures specific to your computer Caring for the Computer Follow these general rules for computer care Keep the computer and peripherals mouse keyboard external drive printer out of direct sunlight and away from sources of heat and in a relatively clean environment i e not right next to the foundry room Keep liquids soda coffee cutting fluid grease away from the computer and peripherals Keep oil grease metal chips and excess dust away from the compute
193. refrigerantes lejos de la Caja de Control Computadora y cualquier Suministro El ctrico Mientras trabaja a m quina una pieza L1 L1 Nunca levante la guarda de seguridad mientras que la Computadora este ejecutando un programa Presione siempre primero el bot n de Paro de Emergencia Presione siempre el bot n de Paro de Emergencia cuando se cambie una herramienta se coloque o remueva una pieza de trabajo Jale el bot n de de Emergencia despu s de haber puesto la guarda de seguridad Mantenga fuera del rea de trabjo a toda persona no autorizada Emergency Stops All spectraLIGHT operators must be fully aware of how to shut down the machine quickly should the need arise There are three ways an emergency stop can be initiated on the spectraLIGHT Machining Center pressing the emergency stop switch on the machining center By pressing a key on the computer keyboard and By activating one of the limit switches on the machining center Reference Guide Section J Reference guide Section G and M Codes Listed by Group G Codes by Group M Codes by Group K 2 Interpolation Group Programming Mode Group Units Group Wait Group G Codes by Group G00 G01 G02 G03 G90 G91 G70 G71 G04 G05 G25 G26 G31 Rapid traverse Linear interpolation Circular interpolation clockwise Circular interpolation counterclockwise
194. rent tool number Block 5 of 20 and un check the Dockable command u Tool diameter u Feed rate Spindle speed u Number of passes made for the current program u Coordinate system being used u Current block number u Number of blocks in the current program passes current block and total number of blocks refer to the last pro gram verified or run E 4 Reference Guide Section E Note When running the Control Program in Simulate mode the Goto command will not move the machine to the specified coordinates It will simulate movement showing the tool moving to those coordinates in the Position Window Control Program Reference When a program is running the Tool 11 TDiam 0 125 Machine Info Window Feed RAPID Spindle 15000 dynamic display In addition to Pass 001 Coord updating the previously mentioned Block 2 of 20 information each line of code as Part Time 00 13 it is executed is displayed along with the previous and next lines of 1 N0GOZ 1 RAPID TOOL AWAY FROM STOCK 2 N1G90X 417 1 333 MOVE TO START POINT 3 N251500M3 SPINDLE ON code Also a clock provides the elapsed run time for the program When a program is being verified the Machine Info Window displays the current line of code plus the Tool 11 TDiam 0 125 Feed 10 00 Spindle 1500 0 Pass 001 Coord Work previous and next lines The Block 20 20 elapsed time is not indicate
195. rently running NC part program e e e Stop red Halt the currently running NC part program C5 C6 Outputs Tool Bar The Outputs Tool Bar is an active tool bar It provides switches to supply power to the spindle and to the Accessory outlets on the Controller Box Switches for Robotic outputs 1 and 2 are also provided Power is on when the buttons are depressed Tool Function Spindle Output Provides power to the spindle Acc Output Provides power to the outlet on the Controller Box Acc2 Output Provides power to the Acc2 outlet on the Controller Box Es Robot 1 Output Provides power to the TTL 1 0 connector on the Controller Box for Robotic Output 1 Reference Guide Section 1 Robot 2 Output 552 N Provides power to the TTL 1 0 connector on theController Box for Robotic Output 2 Reference Guide Section L User s Guide Section Getting to Know the Control Program Inputs Tool Bar The Inputs Tool Bar is an inactive tool bar It provides information only on the state of the Emergency Stop the Safety Shield and the negative limit switch Indicators for Robotic inputs 1 and 2 are also provided An input is active on when the button is depressed Tool Function Indicates when the Emergency Stop is pressed Indicates when the Safety Shield is open Indicates when the Negative Z Limit switch is on
196. riations in tool lengths The tool length offset codes are G43 Compensate for a longer tool G44 Compensate for a shorter tool G49 Cancel tool length offset H Specifies the offset number from the offset table The Offset Table you use for Tool Length Offset H values is the same table you use for Cutter Compensation and Tool Offset Adjust D values The G43 compensates for a longer tool by retracting the spindle away from the cross slide The G44 compensates for a shorter tool by moving the spindle closer to the cross slide G44 Tool Tool Offset Value Zo Offset Value The T code normally specifies the tool its diameter and offset value When you include a G43 or G44 the computer ignores the T code offset value and uses the offset you assign to H Here is an example of the tool length offset code used in an NC program M06G43T2H1 The M06 code initiates a tool change cycle Once the tool change is com plete the G43 adds the value from the offset table to the Z offset The G43 compensates for a tool that is longer than the reference tool The T2 refers to the tool number and the tool diameter but not the offset value The H1 rep resents the offset value set in the Offset Table H 29 30 Using Tool Offset Adjust Codes Use these codes for making critical dimension adjustments to the offset val ues When you specify tool offset adjust codes you can increase or decrease the movement distance of t
197. rogram Select Font Change the font currently being used Undo Command The Undo command reverses the most recent editing action taken It is use ful for recovering from accidental deletion or inclusion of a block of text To undo the last change select Undo from the Edit Menu or press Ctrl Z u Ifyour last editing action deleted selected text the text is restored Ifyour last editing action deleted a character the character is restored Ifyour last editing action pasted text the text is removed _ If your last editing action typed a character the character is removed u If Undo is grayed out in the Edit Menu no changes can be undone E 20 Reference Guide Section E Selecting Text Use the mouse or a Shift Arrow key combination to select a portion of your NC program for cutting pasting or copying To select text using the editing keys 1 Using the arrow keys position the cursor at the beginning of the text to be selected 2 Press the shift key and hold it down while using the arrow keys to move the cursor to the end of the text to be selected 3 Release the shift key To select text using the mouse 1 Place the cursor at the beginning of the text to be selected 2 Click and hold the left mouse button 3 Move the cursor to the other end of the text to be selected 4 Release the mouse button Control Program Reference Redo Command The Redo command reverses the action of the mos
198. rogram Title Bar u Click on the Close button on the far right of the Title Bar u Press Alt F4 If there are unsaved changes to any program window a dialog box appears for each unsaved program window prompting you to save the changes u Click Yes to save the changes and exit u Click No to ignore the changes and exit u Click Cancel or press Esc to cancel the Exit command and return to the Control Program Control Program Reference 19 Edit Menu The Edit Menu provides typical text editing commands Before you can edit Undo the text in an NC program you must select the text Bedo uli Command Used to Cut m m Ctrl C Undo Undo the most recent editing command ras Cul Redo Redo the most recent Undo command ear Delete Line F2 Cut Cut selected text to the Windows clipboard Eind Ctrl F Copy Copy selected text to the Windows clipboard Replace Gaol Paste Paste text from the Windows clipboard into the current NC program Renumber Clear Delete selected text EE Delete Line Delete the line the cursor is currently on Find Locate a sequence of characters in an NC program Replace Replace one sequence of characters with another one or more times Goto Line Jump to a particular line in the NC program Renumber Modify or insert N codes in an NC program Lock Lock or unlock the Program Edit Window to pre vent or allow modification to the NC p
199. rogram will generate tool motions similar to this m Initial Point Tr PointR PointZ More than one canned cycle can be accomplished by specifying only X and Y coordinates For example GOX1Y1Z 1 RAPID TO 1 1 1 G81G98Z 5ROF2 DRILL TO DEPTH OF 5 RAPID TO INITIAL POINT X 5Y1 PECK AT NEW X Y COORDINATES X 25Y1 PECK AT NEW X Y COORDINATES G80 CANCEL CANNED CYCLE M2 END PROGRAM Reference Guide Section G If we used a G99 with the G82 instead of a G98 the tool would rapid to point R instead of the initial point More CNC Programming Using G82 A G82 works just like a G81 except it is used when you wish to incorporate a dwell P code at the bottom of the hole point Z A line of code utilizing the G82 and P code and the tool motion it creates are shown below GOX1Y1Z 1 RAPID TO 1 1 1 G82G98Z 5ROP5F2 DRILL TO DEPTH OF 5 RAPID TO INITIAL POINT AFTER A DWELL OF FIVE SECONDS G80 CANCEL CANNED CYCLE M2 END PROGRAM Initial Point PontR PinZ P Dwell Point Using 083 The G83 code is used for peck drilling cycles By adding a Q depth to the code line you can specify drilling increments For instance the following code will peck drill to a depth of 5 in 1 increments The tool will rapid back to point R after each peck drill Also before each peck the tool will rapid to 005 13mm above the start point GOX1Y1Z 1 RAPID TO 1 1 1 G83G99Z 5R0Q 1F3 PECK DRILL TO
200. roring is an advanced operation Verify User s Guide Section H In this example G68 rotates a shape 90 from the original Advanced CNC Programming Rotation Codes Rotation codes allow you to rotate a programmed shape around a rotation origin You can rotate a shape on any plane one plane at a time Use the Rotation code to modify an NC program when a work piece has been ro tated from the programmed position on the machine G68 Invokes rotation G69 Cancels rotation Here is an example of an NC program using Rotation the Rotation codes are in bold NOGOZ 5 N1X1Y1 5 N2G1Z 1F10 N3G2Y 5J 5 NA4GOZ1 N5G68X1 583Y1 5R90 ROTATION ON ROTATION ORIGIN XY N6GO0Z 5 N7X1Y1 5 N8G1Z 1F10 N9G2Y 5J 5 N10GOZ1 N11G69 CANCEL ROTATION Verify Rotation Origin 1 583 1 5 H 21 22 The and Y values in line N5 are the coordinates of the rotation origin the rotation occurs around this point The R value represents the absolute value of the rotation angle The G69 in line N11 cancels the rotation Note that positive R values represent counterclockwise rotation angles nega tive R values represent clockwise rotation angles Rotation Origin Rotation Origin Counterclockwise Clockwise Positive Rotation Value Negative Rotation Value User s Guide Section H IMPORTANT When combining the scale and rotate features always scale the part first before rotating it Notice that in this pro
201. roups u Interpolation Group u Units Group u The Plane Selection Group The Wait Group u The Canned Cyde Group u The Programming Mode Group u The Preset Position Group u Compensation Functions Group u The Coordinate System Group u The Polar Programming Group Reference Guide Section F The Interpolation Group The Interpolation Group allows you to specify the type of motion for inter polation These G codes are retained until superseded in the NC program by another code from the Interpolation Group The supported interpolation G codes are G00 Rapid traverse G01 Linear interpolation default G02 Circular interpolation clockwise G03 Circular interpolation counterclockwise Refer to Section G for more information on these functions The Units Group By default an NC program is interpreted using the units of measure inch or metric specified using the Units command on the Setup Menu The codes in the Units Group G70 inch and G71 metric are used to override the Units command for the entire program If the code is placed at the beginning of the program before any tool motions are made that unit of measure is assumed for the entire program Otherwise it affects the rest of the program following the code You can use these codes to switch between inch and metric modes throughout your program at your convenience The Fanuc equivalents G20 inch and G21 metric can also be used
202. rride Here s a list of the available hot keys Ctrl C Ctrl F Ctrl G Ctrl H Ctrl L Ctrl N Ctrl O Ctrl P Ctrl R Ctrl S Ctrl Space Ctrl T Ctrl V Ctrl X Ctrl Y Ctrl Z Ctrl Shift Z Fl F5 F6 F8 Ctrl KeyPad Ctrl KeyPad Ctrl Backspace Shift Delete Shift F1 F4 Ctrl F5 Ctrl F6 Ctrl TAB Ctrl Insert Shift Insert Pause Menu Command Edit Menu Copy Edit Menu Find Edit Menu Goto Line Setup Menu Set Check Home Edit Menu Lock File Menu New File Menu Open File Menu Print Setup Menu Run Settings File Menu Save Program Menu Stop Tools Menu Setup Library Edit Menu Paste Edit Menu Cut Edit Menu Delete Line Edit Menu Undo Setup Menu Zero Position Help Menu Help Program Menu Run Continue Program Menu Verify Setup Menu Goto Position Increase Feed Rate Override Decrease Feed Rate Override Edit Menu Undo Edit Menu Cut Help Menu Context Help Activate Jog Control QuickRun QuickVerify Next Edit Window Edit Menu Copy Edit Menu Paste Edit Menu Pause Reference Guide Section E Select a Command Using Toolbars The Tool Bars contain buttons that correspond to frequently used menu commands Clicking a button on a toolbar is equivalent to selecting the same command from a menu and is usually quicker The Control Program pro vides Standard Input and Output toolbars Use the commands under the View Menu to control whether each tool bar is displayed or hidden Ele Edit View
203. ry the test installed see Reference Guide Section E Errors If you do not have the interface card installed you Step register failed we Pulse register failed r w can still edit and verify NC part programs without the machining center by running the Control E Cancel Program in Simulate Mode To start the Control Program in Simulate Mode select Cancel Error Initializing Control When the next dialog box appears select Simulate D n error occurred trying to initialize the selected control Select Retry to try again Select Simulate to continue in Simulate mode Select Exit to exit WSLM Simulate Exit 2 User s Guide Section Getting to Know the Control Program If You Need Help You can access online help by using the commands under the Help Menu or by pressing F1 For information on many of the functions and screens in the WSLM soft ware you can also refer to the Reference Guide Section E Exploring the Control Program Screen You should become familiar with the main parts of the Control Program screen before you begin using the Control Program to run NC part pro grams The following are the default components that make up the screen 5 WSLM Untitled Title Bar Menu Bar ie_ Edt Program Tools Setup Window Help Simulate Mode 1995 37 Light Machines Corporation LLL Message Bar Standard Tool
204. s made during assembly and test of the machining center at the factory However you should still check the backlash compensation after the first four or five hours of use and every 10 to 20 hours of use thereafter or whenever you find parts outside accept able tolerances Backlash on the Z axis is minimized by the weight of the spindle motor therefore the backlash compensation should be set to zero To set the backlash compensation for the X and Y axes 1 spectraLIGHT System Hardware Mount a dial indicator on the mill bed or chip tray with the tip of the indicator touching the cross slide Carefully align the indicator parallel to the axis you are calibrating Calibrate the X axis first then the Y axis Turn on the computer and the Controller Box and and start the Con trol Program Select Backlash from the Setup Menu and set the distance for all axes to zero Set the speed for all axes to 3ipm 75mm min Use the Jog Keypad to jog 0 020 inch in one direction along the X axis Take a reading from the dial indicator Jog 0 020 in the other direction on the X axis and take a second reading from the dial indicator Calculate the difference between the two readings and subtract this value from 0 020 to get the actual backlash Select Backlash from the Setup Menu and change the X axis distance to the value found in Step 7 Align the dial indicator on the mill bed parallel to the Y axis and follow Steps 5 thro
205. s something like this An equivalent movement is achieved with incremental dimensioning G91 End Point 1 X7 Y1 2 3T Start Point X 5 5 p gt X 0 0 5 1 N5G91G01X 2Y 7F2 Reference Guide Section G G02 CW and 003 CCW cutting paths Note This program was written for Incremental Arc Center Mode Either the code was used at the beginning of the program or Arc Center Incremental was selected in the Run Settings dialog box More CNC Programming Circular Interpolation Programming Circular interpolation moves the cutting tool along an arc from the starting point specified in one line to an end point specified in the next line The curvature of motion is determined by the location of the center point I J or which must also be specified in the second NC line The direction of rotation from the starting point determines the actual shape of the arc relative to the spindle axis A G02 code moves the tool in clock wise CW motion from the starting point A G03 code moves the tool in a counterclockwise CCW motion from the starting point i _ EL Start Point 2 Ux y gt Start Point CW Tool Motion CCW Tool Motion J End Point End Point Here are two typical lines of NC code using circular interpolation N9G90X1Y0 SET START POINT N10GO3X0Y 11 1 JOF2 COUNTERCLOCKWISE TO X0 Y1 The first line defines the starting point The second line def
206. s the window between being a dockable win dow and being undockable See Docking and Floating Windows for more information This command is available on all pop up menus for the windows and panels available under the View Menu Hide Command The Hide command closes the window To open the window again select it from the View Menu This command is available on all pop up menus for the windows and panels available under the View Menu Control Program Reference E 65 E 66 Verify Window Pop up Menu The Verify Window Pop Up Menu contains Solid these commands Centerline Solid Command Setup Switches the verification to a solid view Diss Stop Redraw Centerline Command Rem Switches the verification to a centerline view v Dockable Hide Redraw Command This command repeats the most recent tool path verification simulation Stop Redraw Command This command interrupts the verification currently in progress Reset Command This command resets the Verify Window it clears the tool path lines and re sets the tool to the starting position Dockable Command The Dockable command toggles the window between being a dockable win dow and being undockable See Docking and Floating Windows for more information This command is available on all pop up menus for the windows and panels available under the View Menu Hide Command The Hide command closes the window To open the window again select i
207. sccsssssccessusccessusccessnecsssneecs E 13 met e ten 14 Close Command tbe tee REIR E 15 Save see eio bed E 16 Save As 0 E 16 Print Command ER ERREUR dete 17 Print Setup 18 Opening a Recent Program E 19 Exit Command 0 scsccsssssccsssseccsssscccsssseccsssseccsssssccessusccessusccessssccessnsecsssnsecs E 19 Edit Men tondere du 20 Undo Command Jib de te be er E 20 Redo Command sssssccssssssccssseccsssseccsssssccessssccessnsccessssccessueccessssecessnsecs 21 Cut 21 spectraLIGHT Machining Center User s Guide Copy Command 21 Paste Command 21 Cleat Command RR RR RR IER 22 Delete Line E 22 Find Command siisii eenei 22 Replace 23 Goto Line E 24 Renumber E 24 Lock Command eia Eten E
208. sion code F 3 Arc center Y axis dimension code F 3 Arc center Z axis dimension code F 3 Arc centers incremental E 42 E 43 Arc interpolation control code F 3 Arc radius code F 3 Arrange icons command E 59 Auto refresh E 47 AutoSave E 56 B Backlash command 39 E 54 Backlash compensation resetting B 7 Block number code F 3 F 18 Blocks Maximum number per program F 2 Of NC code 2 Boring cycle 6 11 Code G 7 With dwell code G 7 G 12 With spindle off code G 7 Boring tools 1 4 C Call to subprogram code 6 13 Canned cycle Boring 6 11 Cancel 6 7 Dwell G 9 G codes for 0 7 K 3 Peck drilling G 9 Programming B 4 G 7 Straight drilling G 8 Tapping threads G 10 Caps Lock Key state C 9 E 11 Cascade command E 59 Center drills 1 4 Centerline command E 66 Centerline options E 47 Chain to next program code K 6 Change Mode E 58 Change password E 58 Character number 9 Check your shipment A 2 Check Home E 49 Circular interpolation G 4 H 15 Clockwise code for K 2 Counterclockwise code for K 2 Programming with G 3 Clamp code 5 Clear command E 20 E 22 E 64 Close command E 12 E 15 Commands selecting E 63 Comment code F 3 F 21 Compensation offset E 52 Compensation offset code F 3 F 5 Component Position saving the E 71 Connections Machining Center A 6 Context Help C 5 E 6 Control Panel Setup Program E 75 Control Program Installation A 11 Interface E 2 Screens Starting the C 2 Uninstalling
209. spectraLIGHT 0200 Machining Center User s Guide For Windows 1997 Light Machines Corporation Manchester New Hampshire U S A April 1997 1997 Light Machines Corporation All Rights Reserved The information contained in this guide was accurate at the time of its printing Light Machines Corporation reserves the right to change specifications and operational performance ofits products without no tice Any changes or corrections to the information contained in this publication will be incorporated in future issues This publication 34 7511 0001 April 1997 corresponds to the spectraLIGHT 0200 Machining Center package including the WSLM Controlsoftware Printedin U S A spectraLIGHT isa trademark of Light Machines Corporation Allother register marks or trademarks are of their respective holders Contents User s Guide Section A Installation Getting Ready for Installation eene 2 Check Your lt A 2 Register Your Machining A 2 Prepare the Work 1 A 3 Unpack the Machining A 3 Hardware Installation c ccscsscsssssssecsssssss
210. sssseccsscsssecsseesssessnecsseceseecesceenseess A 4 Installing the Interface Card in the A 4 Opening the PC Chassis eee A 4 Unpacking the Interface A 5 Inserting the Interface A 5 Checking Your Installation eene A 6 Connecting the Machining A 6 Connecting the Machining Center to the Controller Box A 6 Connecting the Machining Center to the Computer A 8 Connecting the Computer to the Controller A 8 Connecting Power to the Hardware A 9 Optional Connections A 9 Computer System Requirements A 10 Software Installation imus ba 11 Installing the Control Program A 11 Uninstalling the Control A 12 The SETUP Progr n ege tee aude Rd A 12 Technical Support A 13 ea i 13 NER den n
211. t from the View Menu This command is available on all pop up menus for the windows and panels available under the View Menu Jog Control Panel Pop up Menu The Jog Control Panel Pop Up Menu contains Setup these commands Goto Setup Command Set Check Home This command opens the Jog Settings dialog box Y ee Hide Goto Command This command opens the Goto Position dialog box Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference Set Check Home Command This command opens Machine Home Reference Point dialog box Dockable Command The Dockable command toggles the window between being a dockable win dow and being undockable See Docking and Floating Windows for more information This command is available on all pop up menus for the windows and panels available under the View Menu Hide Command The Hide command closes the window To open the window again select it from the View Menu This command is available on all pop up menus for the windows and panels available under the View Menu E 67 E 68 Select a Command Using Hot Keys Some menu commands have one or more key designations next to them those are the ot keys for that command Pressing the hot key s selects the corre sponding command For example press Ctrl S to save your file Other hot keys are also available for controlling machining functions for instance use the Ctrl KeyPad combination to increase feed rate ove
212. t recent undo command For example if you delete a portion of text in an NC program then decide that wasn t such a good idea the Undo command will return the text to its original position If you then decide that the deletion was appropriate afterall select the Redo command to once again remove the text Cut Command Use the Cut command under the Edit Menu to remove text from the NC program the text is copied to the Windows clipboard The text can then be pasted anywhere in the current program into another program or into an other application such as Notepad The text remains on the Windows clip board until it is replaced by another Cut or Copy operation To cut text to the Clipboard l Select the text you wish to cut 2 Select Cut from the Edit Menu or press Ctrl X Copy Command Use the Copy command under the Edit Menu to duplicate selected text in an NC program To copy text to the Clipboard 1 Select the text you wish to copy 2 Select Copy from the Edit Menu or press Ctrl C The selected text is copied to the Clipboard Paste Command You can use the Paste command to insert text from the Windows clipboard into your NC program To paste text from the Clipboard 1 Place the cursor at the point in the NC program where you wish to insert text that has been previously cut or copied to the Windows clipboard 2 Select Paste from the Edit Menu or press Ctrl V The contents of the clipboard are inserted int
213. tR 5 PointZ Using G86 A G86 works like a G82 except the spindle stops at the bottom of the hole The dwell optional allows the spindle to come to a complete stop before the tool rapids back to the initial point GOX1Y1Z 1 RAPID TO 1 1 1 G86G98Z 5ROP5F2 DRILL TO DEPTH OF 5 SHUT OFF SPINDLE RAPID TO INITIAL POINT AFTER A DWELL OF FIVE SECONDS G80 CANCEL CANNED CYCLE M2 END PROGRAM 6 1 If G99 were used with the G86 the tool would not rapid back to the initial point It would go to point R 6 12 Initial Point PointR PointZ Spindle Stops B Optional Dwell Using G89 The G89 code works like the G85 except it utilizes a dwell at the bottom of the hole GOX1Y1Z 1 RAPID TO 1 1 1 G89G98Z 5ROP5F2 BORE TO DEPTH OF 5 PAUSE FOR FIVE SECONDS THEN RAPID OUT FROM POINT R G80 CANCEL CANNED CYCLE M2 END PROGRAM Initial Point PointR PointZ P Dwell Point Reference Guide Section G The L code is also used as program cycle counter For instance if the last line of NC code in your program is M47L10 the program executes times After the tenth time the computer ignores the rewind and runs the remainder of the program Note You can also perform an M99P line number at the end of the subprogram This returns to the main program at the specified line It s like a return with a go to More CNC Programming Subprogram Programming
214. termediate point mo tion is only to move the Z axis to 6 The machine first moves to the current intermediate point at rapid traverse then performs the reference point check H 5 In block N1 the tool moves from its current point to the intermediate point then to the reference point In block N2 the tool moves from the reference point through the intermediate point specified with the G29 code H 6 Using G29 The G29 code moves the tool at a rapid traverse rate to a coordinate specified by XYZ If you have set an intermediate point on one or more axes the ma chine first rapids from the current position to the intermediate point then continues to the specified destination If you command a G29 code in Incre mental mode your specified XYZ point is relative to the intermediate point If you have not specified an intermediate point your specified XYZ point is relative to the current position Use the G29 code after a G28 code to return the tool to a position closer to the part The example below shows the use of a G28 code and a G29 code N1G28X2Y2Z 1 INTERMEDIATE POINT THEN HOME N2G29X4Y1Z1 GO TO G29 POINT Y Reference Point 3 5 4 Intermediate Point 2 2 G29 Point 4 1 X User s Guide Section H IMPORTANT The Offset Table you use for Cutter Compensation D values is the same table you use for Tool Offset Adjust D values and Tool Length Offset H values Advanced CNC Programming Usin
215. the file or the start line File Defaults Extension NC Lock Files When Opened Directory Set 2 Select either the Editor preferences tab or the Security preferences tab Editor Preferences The Editor preferences allow you to automatically save your NC program files at regular intervals and establish a default directory in which to store your files When you select the Editor tab in the Preferences dialog box the Editor panel appears depicted above To select AutoSave features u Select Save when idle and enter a value in the Every ___ minutes box to save your NC programs automatically at the specified time increment u Select Save Before Running to save changes to your NC program prior to running it for the first time with the changes u Select Prompt Before AutoSaving if you wish to be prompted by the Control Program before it automatically saves the NC program at the specified time increment Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference To select File Default features u Enter an Extension for your NC part program files The default is NC u Select Lock Files When Opened to have your NC programs locked by de fault Deselect this feature to have your NC programs unlocked by default u Select the Set button to specify a target directory in which to save your NC program files The default directory appears in the Directory box To exit the Preferences dialog box Press Ent
216. the initial tool position assuming the first block of your program moves the tool to the start position Reference Guide Section E Tools Menu Tools The Tools Menu commands allow you to select tools and to set up and use a Setup Library Ctrl T tool library Setup Tool Wizard Command Used to Select Tool Setup Library Define tools used with the machining center Setup Tool Wizard Aid in establishing tool lengths for use with mul tiple tool programs Select Tool Select a tool for use on the machining center Setup Library Command Use the Setup Library command under the Tools Menu to assign parameters to multiple types of tools used on the machining center When you select the Setup Library command the Setup Tool Library dialog box appears Setup Tool Library Tool Library Description T ool 1 Diameter 0 1 25 Tool Type End Mill 1 Station fi 7 Teeth 4 Height O ffset 0 5 Material h Speed Steel J J se Curent Z Edit Tool Materials Copy Tool Paste Tool i Diameter Offset 0 LLL m zi Apply Cancel Tool 02 Creating a New Tool There are two ways to create a new tool in the Setup Tool Library dialog box u Use the Copy and Paste buttons to copy an existing tool in the Tool Library box and paste it into the Tool Library box under an unassigned tool number Assigned tool numbers are displayed with a tool icon Unassigned
217. the requested information and return this card to Light Machines Corporation User s Guide Section A Note We recommend the use of a voltage surge protector and line filter for your computer system CAUTION The spectraLIGHT Machining Center weighs approximately 80 pounds Be very careful when lifting it IMPORTANT Be sure to keep all of the original cartons in which the spectraLIGHT Machining Center was shipped Should any components need to be returned to the factory repack them exactly as they were received Light Machines will not be responsible for any damage caused during shipping when components are not returned in the original cartons Installation Prepare the Work Place Make sure you have all the items on hand necessary to perform the installation To install the spectraLIGHT Machining Center you must have A sturdy table on which you ll place the machining center and your com puter Placing the table against a wall provides more stability Make sure the wall has a 120VAC 15 amp polarized outlet A personal computer running Windows 95 or Windows NT version 3 51 or greater See page A 10 for a complete list of the necessary computer equipment Your PC Owner s Manual or equivalent documentation Unpack the Machining Center For each standard machining center you order you should receive three large cartons One carton contains the machining center One carton contains the mill colum
218. the window when no verification is in progress Centerline Options Auto refresh automatically refreshes the centerline display of the workpiece if something changes during verification Show Tool controls whether or not the tool is displayed in the Verify Window Show Rapid Moves displays the rapid moves made between the end point of one cut to the start point of another E 47 The Preview Window The Preview Window appears in each of the above groups The Preview Window shows you approximately what the Verify Window will look like The Preview Window always depicts the stock in Centerline view In addition to depicting how the Verify Window will look you can use the preview box to change the orientation of the stock u Use the slider bars on the side of the Preview Window to rotate the stock along the X Y plane and along the Z plane There are two ways to con trol the sliders 1 Select the slider button by clicking on it with the mouse Hold the left mouse button down while sliding the button along the bar until the stock is in the desired position 2 Select the slider button by tabbing to it The button will blink to in dicate it is selected Use the arrow keys on the keyboard to move the slider button along the bar until the stock is in the desired position u Use the mouse to rotate the stock in all planes simultaneously Grab the stock by clicking and holding it with the mouse Move the stock with the mouse
219. time because it contains important information about the software and the machine that may not be included in this guide 8 Run the Control Program by double clicking the program icon 9 Ifrunning Windows NT you need to reboot the computer M Using the Uninstall program will not delete any NC files that you may have created or used with the software A 12 Uninstalling the Control Program In the event you need to remove the Control Program from your hard drive there is an uninstall program included on the software disks The uninstall program was copied onto your hard drive when you installed the Control Program To uninstall the Control Program just double click the Remove Program icon it should be in the same folder as the Control Program A message ap pears asking if you are sure you wish to remove the program and all its files Click on Yes to uninstall or Cancel to exit the Uninstall program The SETUP Program The Control Program automatically sets most variables for you If you need to access the Setup Program see the Reference Guide Section E in this manual User s Guide Section A IMPORTANT Be sure to keep the pallet and all of the original cartons in which the machining center was shipped Should any components need fo be returned to the factory pack them for shipping exactly as they were received Light Machines will not be responsible for any damage incurred during shipping
220. ting lubricant with center drills Clear the drill fre quently otherwise the tip may clog and twist off even in soft materials Boring Tools Boring tools are used to enlarge or modify a drilled or cored hole in a work piece The workpiece is mounted in a vise or on the cross slide Clearance must be maintained behind the cutting point of the tool A slow feed rate and frequent tool withdrawals are required with boring tools because chips cannot freely escape from the hole Depth of cut and feed rates must be reduced to avoid chatter The tool should not be driven deeply into a hole When boring a hole where a flat bottom is required stop the down feed at least 0 002 inch above the desired depth of the smaller hole being bored out Reference Guide Section General Machining Information Sharpening Tools A cutting tool must be sharpened regularly to preserve its original cutting angle and shape Longer tool life will be obtained from cutting edges if they are finished with a small oilstone Only the cutting end and sides of the tool should be ground as required Never grind the top face of the tool Reference Guide Section Reference Guide Section J Safe Machining Center Operation Safety Rules Safety Checklist Lista deSeguridad Emergency Stops Feel free to copy these rules or the Safety Checklist and post them in your work area for quick reference Safety Rules The following safety rules should be review
221. tiple tool program User s Guide Section H Advanced Programming Understanding Coordinate Systems For a beginning user understanding coordinate systems can be difficult The first thing to remember is before performing most machining operations you are required to set the machine to home position This returns the machine to the machine zero point and acts as a reference point for all operations It is a good idea to home the machine every time you run the control software Machine Coordinates Machine Zero is the extreme negative end of travel on the X and Y axes and the extreme positive end of travel on the Z axis This is a fixed point on the machine and can not be changed The machine uses this as a reference point for all operations If the machine is not homed set to the machine zero it can not accurately locate the workpiece on the cross slide The machine is homed by using the Set Check Home command under the Setup menu or by using a G28 code in the NC program Machine Zero Work Coordinates Once home is set open an NC program using the Control Program The NC program will need a point of origin to start from Setting a point of origin will establish the work coordinates Work coordinates relate to the workpiece and are usually set from the top of the front left corner of the workpiece mounted on the cross slide Once the stock is mounted on the cross slide jog the spindle to the top of th
222. to come take the part and waits G25 for a high signal 7 When the robot receives the signal it approaches the machining center grasps the part and sends the high signal to the machining center 8 When the machining center receives the high signal it opens the vise M11 to release the finished part signals the robot M26 and waits 026 low 9 The robot removes the finished part from the work area and places the part in another area according to its own program When the robot has cleared the mill s work area it sends a low signal to the machining center 10 At this point the cycle begins again M47 L 8 Transmit High M26 Wait for High G26 OUTPUT INPUT INPUT OUTPUT Transmit Low M25 Wait for Low G25 Transmit High OUTPUT INPUT OUTPUT Transmit Low Reference Guide Section L A Sample Robotic Integration NC Program NOM11 OPEN VISE N1M25H2 TRANSMIT HIGH SIGNAL THROUGH ACC2 Robot Handshaking N2G25H1 WAIT FOR HIGH SIGNAL THROUGH ACC2 N3M10 CLOSE VISE N4M26H2 TRANSMIT LOW SIGNAL THROUGH ACC2 N5G26H1 WAIT FOR LOW SIGNAL THROUGH ACC2 This program illustrates one way to use G M and H codes to interface with a robot The codes inserted for robot interfacing are in bold NO THIS FILE FOR SLM0200 MILL N1 USE 3 X 2
223. to select the program you wish to run 2 Select a Starting Line When you are running an NC program for the first time it is wise to start the program from the first line When you start at a line other than line one the control program parses through the program to the speci fied start point As it parses it performs operations such as turning the spindle on but it will not execute a Dwell or Pause command and it will not move the tool Reference Guide Section E Control Program Reference To specify a starting block click on the Start at Line box or press Alt L and enter the line number Set the Run Settings To bring up the Run Settings dialog box click on the Run Settings button or press Alt U Set the Verification Settings To bring up the Verify Settings dialog box click on the Verify Settings button or press Alt E Run the Program To start running the program click on the Run Program button or press Alt R To cancel running the program click on the Cancel but ton or press Esc While a program is running the Machine Info Window and the Message Bar keep you informed by providing information on The name of the NC program Which block is currently being executed How many blocks are in the program Which tool is being used The number of passes made The tool diameter The spindle speed Operator messages such as which block paused the program or the error that caused the program
224. to stop E 3 Note If you are verifying part program for the first time you should begin the verification at line one E 32 Verify Command The Verify command allows you to view tool path verifications of your NC part programs When you select Verify from the Program Menu the Verify Program dialog box appears Verify Program This dialog box allows you to select a program to verify from a pull down list of currently open NC part programs Prior to verifying the part program you may wish to alter the Run Settings alter the Verification Settings or se lect a starting line in the program The default starting line is line one Begin the verification by pressing the Verify Program button If the Verify Window is not already open it will open automatically Tool path verification is displayed in the Verify Window The workpiece and tool are displayed according to the choices you made in the Verify Settings dialog box Here is an example of how the Verify Window may appear for the part program Millone nc Reference Guide Section E Note The Calculated Distance is the total distance that the tool and the workpiece move in relation to each other Every linear and rapid motion no arcs has a length length Sqrt dx dx dy dy dz dz These lengths are added together yielding the total distance The feed rate of each segment is divided into the length to calculate the ideal time for each se
225. tock Ec Excessive depth of cut and high feed rates place greater strain on the spindle may bind the tool and workpiece or produce a poor surface finish on the part Reference Guide Section Note The spectraLIGHT Machining Center is not designed for flood cooling Small amounts of coolant may be applied to the tool tip before a program is run Note Short run small part machining in Delrin or aluminum on the spectraLIGHT Machining Center does not require the use of coolant General Machining Information Spindle Speeds The relative hardness of the material and the type of cutting tool end mill or drill affect spindle speed The harder the material is the slower the speed should be High spindle speeds may produce excess heat which causes the workpiece to expand If the workpiece expands the cutting tool will rub rather than cut the material resulting in a poor surface finish Slow spindle speeds cause no harm but may be inappropriate for finishing certain types of materials The load put on the spindle motor must also be taken into account Heavy cuts at low speeds will make the motor run hotter than lighter cuts at higher speeds The selected feed rate and depth of cut should not cause the spindle motor to greatly lose speed or cause the tool to chatter against the workpiece Feed Rate and Spindle Speed Selection Feed rate selection for machining parts on the spectraLIGHT Machining Center depends on factors
226. tool num bers have no tool icon v Manually create a tool using the features available in the Setup Tool Library dialog box Control Program Reference E 35 Note Station is not used Leave Station set at 1 Creating and Editing Materials There is a secondary library for tool materials You can use this library to create new materials or edit existing materials To do this click on the Edit Tool Materials button then a Enter a material Name b Select a Material Class Enter a Multiplier This should be set to T for now This is used when integrating with CAM for calculating feed rates and spindle speeds when generating tool paths Click on the Add button C d Click on the Delete button to remove tool materials you no longer need I Press Enter or click on OK to accept the new material Click on Cancel to exit the Tool Material Type dialog box without changing the material library E 36 To manually create a new tool 1 Select an unassigned tool number from the Tool Library list Select a tool type such as End Mill from the Tool Type drop down menu Enter a name for the tool in the Description field Enter the number of teeth Num Teeth the tool should have Enter the Material Type from which the tool is made Enter a tool Diameter Enter a tool Height Offset value You may also click on the Current Z button to establish the current Z axis position of th
227. ugh 8 to determine the actual backlash value for the Y axis Select Backlash from the Setup Menu and change the Y axis distance to the value found in Step 7 Reactivate the safety interlock on the shield if you have deactivated it B 7 B 8 Lubricating Machining Center Components If the machining center sits idle for two weeks or more you should clean and oil it to prevent dust buildup In addition you should always clean the cross slide saddle and bed at the end of each work session Periodically maintain the following parts Bed saddle cross slide Use a light oil such as sewing machine oil on all points where there is a sliding contact You should do this imme diately after each cleanup Lead screw cross slide screw Place a light oil along all threads regularly At the same time check that the threads are free of any metal chips Tailstock spindle On a weekly basis wind out the spindle as far as it will go and oil it with a light oil Headstock bearings These bearings are lubricated at the factory and sealed to last the lifetime of the machine They should not need fur ther lubrication if the seals remain unbroken Thrust bearings For every 80 hours of machine use you should lubri cate the bearings on both axes with an all purpose grease The bearings are located under the flexible couplings inside the stepper motor brackets Slide the black boot covering the flexible coupling to ex pose t
228. un Settings Command 42 Verify Settings E 44 Verify Type Command soseen iiie E 48 Set Check Home Command seen E 49 Table of Contents vii Goto Position E 49 Units Command e 50 Coordinate Systems E 50 Offsets E 52 Spindle Command oarn n ERR E 53 Backlash Command estet 54 Soft Limits Command eese E 55 Preferences E 56 Winthow MBRU ostensa d PEE AD ER ep e b uu dicibus dudo E 59 Cascade Command nana ER E 59 Tile Command a 59 Arrange Icons E 59 Window List E 59 Help ce Med NR E RU a Leo asin E 60 Help ettet e ets E 60 Index Command E 60 Using Help Command E 60 Save Settings E 61 R
229. ure it was performed correctly Stopping with the Safety Shield Interlock Switch Opening the safety shield activates a safety interlock switch which interrupts the NC program and stops machine motion Cutting stops immediately and the cutting tool remains in position To restart the NC program select Run Continue from the Program Menu This is not recommended as the proper method of stopping the machine in an emergency situation Use the Emer gency Stop button The safety interlock switch interrupts machining operations only when an NC program is running you can have the shield open when jogging or tra versing the tool with the Jog Control Panel User s Guide Section D Tutorial Machining Sample Part Running Sample NC Program When you installed the spectraLIGHT Control Program an NC part pro gram file named Millone nc was copied into the WSLM directory along with the other files The Millone nc program is meant to machine a 3 x 2 x 1 5 piece of machinable wax You will be using this file to create your first workpiece on the machining center WARNING Do not attempt to operate the spectraLIGHT Machining Center without reviewing all of the safety precautions set forth in the Reference Guide Section J Open Millone nc l Select the Open command from the File Menu or click on the Open button on the Standard Tool Bar The Open dialog box appears 2 Double click on the Millone nc filename or cli
230. ures The Num Lock feature must be on to do this Current Line Total Lines Displays the line the cursor is currently on and the total number of lines in the program The file Locking state Black if the NC program file is locked The file Modified state Black if the NC program has been modified since being opened The current time according to your computer ET Using the Menu Bar The Menu Bar is located at the very top of the screen It lists the categories of commands into which the Control Program operations are grouped The available menus are u File Menu u Edit Menu u View Menu u Program Menu u Tools Menu u Setup Menu u Window Menu u Help Menu File Menu The File Menu provides typical file management commands and the pe CtrleN command to exit the Control Program Open BV Command Used to Close Save New Create a new program window Save As Open an existing file Print Ctrl P Print Setup Close Close an open program window 1 Millone nc Save Save a program Exit Save As Save a program under a different filename or location Print Print an open NC program Print Setup Set up your printer for printing Recently opened files Open one of the eight most recently used files Exit Exit the Control Program E 12 Reference Guide Section E Here is a group of three Edit Windows open at the same time two previously existing windows and one new
231. urning screws The system default is set at a backlash value of 0 0 on all three axes with a feed rate of 10 ipm To establish new backlash parameters 1 Select Backlash from the Setup Menu The Setup Backlash dialog box appears Setup Backlash x 0 in min Cancel Enter the desired backlash distances and feed rate Press Enter or click on OK to accept the new backlash parameters or click on Cancel to exit the Setup Backlash dialog box without setting new backlash parameters Reference Guide Section E IMPORTANT Soft limits are defined in relation to the machine coordinates therefore you must home the machining center before using soft limits Soft limits are not enforced if the machining center has not been homed Note You must be within the Soft Limit range in order to Enable the Soft Limits If you are outside of the Soft Limit range and Soft Limits are enabled when you close the dialog box they will be automatically disabled and you will be instructed to jog the machine to within the Soft Limits After you do so you can open the Soft Limits dialog box and enable them Control Program Reference Soft Limits Command Use the Soft Limits command under the Setup Menu to establish software limits for each axis The limits are different than the actual fixed hardware limits on the machining center Soft limits can confine the tool travel to an area smaller than the normal maximum trav
232. usly defined by using the Tool pull down list Click on the Select Tool button Select Tool For Use ETT 178 end mill D 9 0 10 Verify Millone nc Tool path verification allows you to check for programming errors before ac tually running the part program on the machining center l Select Verify from the Program Menu or from the Standard Tool Bar The Verify Program dialog box appears The default starting line for the program is Line 1 When verifying a program for the first time you should begin on Line 1 Program Millone nc m Run Settings Start at Line fi Verify Settings 2 Click on the Verify Program button then watch the Verify Window You will see the Millone nc program executed on the graphic workpiece User s Guide Section D To turn the spindle speed down select the Operator Panel and adjust the spindle speed to 0 As the program runs you may want to increase the speed To jog the tool Click on the appropriate axis buttons on the Jog Keypad The tool moves at the speed and distance selected using the Speed and Step buttons The Speeds and Steps distances on the Jog Keypad are defined by the Setup Jog Parameters command under the Machine Menu To move the tool in a continuous motion select Cont The tool will continue to move as long as the axis button is depressed Note Double clicking on the Jog Keypad opens the Jog Paramet
233. ves as though you had selected the Verify Command from the Program Menu with the following exceptions u You do not have the option of selecting a starting line u You do not have the option of changing any settings Estimate Runtime This command performs the same function as the Estimate Runtime com mand under the Program Menu Position Window Pop up Menu The Position Window Pop Up Menu contains Inch these commands Metric Inch Command Coordinate Systems gt Set Position Automatically switches the units of measure for Zero Position the current program to inch units Goto Metric Command v Dockable Automatically switches the units of measure for Hide the current program to metric units Reference Guide Section E Coordinate Systems Command Produces a fly out menu that allows you to set up and select coordinate sys tems just as you would using the Coordinate Systems command from the Setup Menu Inch Metric Coordinate Systems gt Setup Set Position Work Coordinates Zero Position v G54 UserCS 1 G55 User CS 2 Goto G56 User CS 3 v Dockable G57 User CS 4 Hide G58 User CS 5 7 59 5 B Set Position Command Opens the Set Position dialog box Zero Position Command Sets the current tool position to zero on all three axes Goto Command Opens the Goto Position dialog box Dockable Command The Dockable command toggle
234. voltage power sources and mill motors Make backup copies of all NC program disks each time you update them Print copies of all NC programs in case of disk failure or lost disks No matter how cautious you are disks will go bad they develop bad blocks un readable surfaces If this happens while you are editing a program the program will be lost The solution to this disaster is simple make backup copies User s Guide Section B User s Guide Section C Getting to Know the Control Program Startingthe Control Program If You Need Help Exploringthe Control Program Screen S M M I Starting the Control Program To start the spectraLIGHT Control Program From Windows 95 select Start from the Task Bar then select Progams and the WSLM folder In that folder select WSLM Windows CNC Control You can also create a Windows 95 shortcut by opening the WSLM directory and drag ging WSLM EXE onto your desktop From Windows NT double click the WSLM icon in the WSLM Group You should have the controller box connected and powered up before starting the control software unless you are going to be working in the Simulate Mode Starting the Control Program in Simulate Mode Control Program the interface card that came with a ERROR Interface card failed startup test your machining center has not been properly N Choose Retry to confirm the card s address and ret
235. w E 63 Selecting commands with E 63 Verify Window E 66 Position command E 28 Position Window C 10 Command E 5 Pop up menu commands E 64 Positioning Information Areas E 70 Program Edit Windows E 71 Screen components E 70 Toolbars 70 Positive Limit Input C 7 Power providing A 3 Pre load unit readjusting B 5 Preferences Command E 39 E 56 Editor E 56 Security E 57 Preparatory codes F 3 F 6 Preset View 45 Preview Window E 48 Print command 5 E 6 12 17 Print Setup command E 12 E 18 Program cycle code F 3 Program Edit Window E 3 Pop up Menu E 63 Positioning E 71 Program Menu E 30 Program stop code K 5 Programming suggestions F 22 Q 0 code F 3 F 19 Quick Home E 49 QuickRun E 64 QuickVerify E 64 R R code F 3 F 20 Radius of arc code F 20 Rapid Motion codes K 3 To initial position code G 7 To point R code G 7 Traverse programming G 6 Traverse code K 2 K 3 Recently opened files E 12 Redo command 20 E 21 Redraw E 66 Reference tool establishing H 25 Registering your Machining Center A 2 Remove Comments E 26 N Codes 26 Spaces E 25 Renumber command E 20 E 24 E 64 Renumbering and Subprograms E 25 Repeat code F 3 Repeats number of code G 7 spectraLIGHT Machining Center User s Guide Index Replace command 20 23 Reset Command E 66 Override E 54 Resetting backlash compensation B 7 Resonance Settings Setup Program E 75 Restore Settings command E 60 E 61 Restore Unit Mod
236. whenever changing tools or mounting or removing a workpiece Pull the Emergency Stop button out only after closing the safety shield Keep all unauthorized persons away from the work area Reference Guide Section J iIMPORTANTE Pegue copias en el rea de trabajo Verifique que todos los puntos esten checados antes de cada puesta en marcha de la m quina Safe Machining Center Operation Lista de Seguridad Antes de entrar en el rea de trabajo L1 L1 L1 Use sus lentes de seguridad Procure recogerse el cabello y no usar ropa floja No use joyer a como anillos pulseras y relojes Antes de trabajar a m quina una pieza L1 L1 L1 Utilize la herramienta correcta para el trabajo Asegurela de forma correcta en el husillo con una boquilla Asegurese que la posici n de la herramienta de corte ha sido inicializada correctamente Remueva todas las partes sueltas y coloquelas lejos de la Fresadora Limpie todos los residuos de la Fresadora despu s de cada corrida Cierre la guarda de seguridad antes de ejecutar cualquier operaci n en la Fresadora Corra los programas por primera vez con el motor del husillo apagado y sin pieza de trabajo Asegurese que todos los movimientos sean correctos Asegure la pieza de trabjo a la mesa Quite las herramientas y llaves antes de cerrar la guarda de seguridad Asegurese que todos los contactos de corriente A C esten aterrizados Mantenga los l quidos
237. window As windows are opened they are cascaded offset from each other so that each one is visible If a file is locked the background of the Edit Window is gray as is the window for Milltwo nc shown here Control Program Reference New Command Use the New command under the File Menu to create a new program edit window You can create a new program edit window at any time The num ber of program edit windows that you have open at one time is limited by the amount of memory on your computer Millone nc Pl x THIS FILE FOR SLM 0200 MILL N1 USE 3 X 2 X 1 5 MACHINABLE WAX GS Ns NO THIS FILE FOR SLM 0200 MILL N1 USE 3 X 2 X 1 5 MACHINABLE WAX N5 M06 T N2 INITIA TA v n v n 7 n N3 1 IS Untitled2 T2 IS N5 TI N6 Conto N7 M3 S1 8 GO 20 N9 GO X0 N10 GO Zt N11 61 Z N12 G1 Y N13 X2 70 N14 Y0 2t N15 X0 30 To create a new program window select New from the File Menu or press Ctrl N A new program window is created The filename on the Title Bar is Untitled indicating that this is a new program The program will remain untitled until you save it You should save a new program before it is run or verified E 13 Open Command Use the Open command under the File Menu to open an existing NC pro gram The number of program edit windows that you have open at one time is li
238. xt that you entered 6 locate the first and succesive instances of the character string click Find Next 7 Select Replace to replace the currently located charater string or select Replace All to replace all similar character strings throughout the NC program 8 Click Close to exit the dialog box without completing replacement E 23 IMPORTANT None of the Renumber actions can be undone The Undo command will not undo the effects of the Renumber command Removed comments must be re entered manually You should save a copy of the program to another file using the Save As so you can easily recover if the effects of using Renumber are not what you expected Note The number of a line in a program and the number of the corresponding N code are only the same if the first N code in the program is and each N code thereafter is incremented by 1 E 24 Goto Line Command Use the Goto Line command under the Edit Menu to move the cursor to a specific line in the NC program This command is also available using the 1 Select Goto Line from the Edit Jump to Line Number f 00 Menu or press Ctrl G The Goto Line dialog box appears Cancel 2 Enter a line number in the Jump to Program Edit Window Pop up Menu To use the Goto Line command Line Number box The cursor moves to the specified line in the NC program If the line number entered is larger than the number of lines in the program the
239. y always observe the safety precautions described in this User s Guide User s Guide Section Installation Getting Ready for Installation Hardware Installation Computer System Requirements Software Installation Technical Support Getting Ready for Installation Before connecting and running your new machining center you should 1 Check your shipment to make sure you received everything you need Register your machining center so you are covered by your warranty Prepare a work space for the machining center and controller Unpack and set up the machining center Install the interface card in the computer Once these procedures are complete connect the spectraLIGHT Machining Center and Controller Box to your personal computer and install the Control Program Check Your Shipment The first thing you must do after receiving your machining center is inspect the packaging for any visible signs of damage If there is damage to the outside packaging contact the shipping company as well as Light Machines Corp After checking the packaging locate the packing slip This slip lists all of the items you should have received with your machining center Check all of the items on the list If any item is missing contact Light Machines Customer Service Department 800 221 2763 Register Your Machining Center You ll find a registration card in the small box with the documentation and software disks Clearly print all
240. y the amount of Z axis shift The Offset Table you use for Tool Length Offset H values is the same table you use for Cutter Compensation and Tool Offset Adjust D values u transmit codes M25 and M26 for interfacing with robots or other exter nal devices to specify the output number If the H code is not used with these M codes output 4 Robot 1 is assumed F 1 F 12 X Axis Coordinate of Center Point I Code In absolute programming mode G90 the I code specifies the X axis coordi nate of the center point of an arc or circle when using circular interpolation In incremental mode G91 the I code specifies the X axis distance from the start point of motion to the center point of the arc for circular interpolation If no I code is specified the system uses the current X axis location as the X axis center of the arc In Fanuc mode all arc centers are incremental The I code is also used with the G51 code to specify the scale factor for the X axis when performing scaling functions including scaling each axis and mirror scal ing Refer to Section H for more information on using scaling Y Axis Coordinate of Center Point J Code In absolute programming mode G90 the J code specifies the Y axis coordinate of the center point of an arc or circle when using circular interpolation In incre mental mode G91 the J code specifies the Y axis distance from the start point of motion to the center point of the arc for circula

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