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MPLAB ICD 2 In-Circuit Debugger User's Guide

1. 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 73 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 5 1 1 Link PC to ICD 2 Communications This link is the foundation for all subsequent links If it doesn t work users will experience communications errors with MPLAB IDE Make sure that the MPLAB USB drivers are installed according to the instructions Look at the Windows hardware manager dialog under the USB section to see that the MPLAB ICD 2 driver is properly installed on the PC If using RS 232 make sure that the FIFO buffers are turned off and flow control is set for hardware in the COMM driver dialog If the MPLAB ICD 2 USB driver is not visible in the USB section of the Hardware Manager go to the MPLAB IDE installation directory and open the DriversXXX folder XXX corresponds to the operating system i e 98 NT XP etc Open the HTM files with a web browser to view details on driver installation for the appropriate operating system See Chapter 4 USB Installation Details for more information 5 1 2 Link ICD 2 Firmware Be sure that the latest version of firmware is loaded in the MPLAB ICD 2 Updated firmware can be downloaded with the MPLAB IDE software The latest production software should always be downloaded from the Microchip web site The version of firmware will determine which target PICmicros are supported See the README file for the latest information on the firmware and on MPLAB ICD 2 RE DS51331A page 74 2003 Microchi
2. TUT452 MAIN ROUTINE FLOW START Configure PORTB as All Outputs Configure A D left justify Fosc 8 clock 1 analog channel Configure Timer0O Prescaler assigned to TimerO 1 256 prescale Timer0 Overflow Yes Start A D Conversion Conversion Complete Yes Write A D Result to PORTB DS51331A page 50 O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial AEREA RRE kk kk k kk kk ARRE RARE kk kk kk kk k X as TUT452 ASM S AEREA RRA kk kk kk kk kk kk k kk kk kk kk kk k X list p 18f452 include p18f452 inc Reset Vector code 0x0 Put a GOTO at reset address goto Start code 0x0002A Start app beyond vector area Start clrf PORTB Clear PORTB CLEE TRISB PORTB all outputs display 4 MSB s of A D result on LEDs movlw B 01000000 Fosc 8 A D enabled movw ADCONO movlw B 00001110 Left justify 1 analog channel movw ADCON1 VDD and VSS ref s movlw B 11000111 TMRO prescaler 1 256 movw TOCON Main bt ss INTCON TMROIF Wait for Timer0 to timeout goto Main bcf INTCON TMROIF bat ADCONO GO Start A D conversion Wait btfss PIR1 ADIF Wait for conversion to complete goto Wait swapf ADRESH W Swap A D result nibbles andlw 0Ox0f Mask off lower 4 bits movw PORTB Write A D result to PORTB clrf PORTB WaitPush Pause while switch is pressed btfss PORTA A goto WaitPush movwf PORTB goto Main Do it again end 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 51 MPLAB ICD 2
3. Not all PICmicro MCUs have the AVDD and AVss lines but if they are present on the target PICmicro MCU all must be connected in order for MPLAB ICD 2 to operate The interconnection is very simple any problems experienced are often caused by other connections or components on these critical lines that interfere with the operation of MPLAB ICD 2 as discussed in Section 1 4 1 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 9 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 1 4 1 Circuits That Will Prevent MPLAB ICD 2 From Functioning Figure 1 3 shows the active MPLAB ICD 2 lines with some components that will prevent MPLAB ICD 2 from functioning FIGURE 1 3 IMPROPER CIRCUIT COMPONENTS VPP MCLR Specifically these guidelines must be followed No pull ups on PGC PGD they will divide the voltage levels since these lines have 4 7KQ pull down resistors in MPLAB ICD 2 No capacitors on PGC PGD they will prevent fast transitions on data and clock lines during programming and debug communications No capacitors on MCLR they will prevent fast transitions of VPP A simple pull up resistor is generally sufficient No diodes on PGC PGD they will prevent bidirectional communication between MPLAB ICD 2 and the target PlCmicro MCU DS51331A page 10 2003 Microchip Technology Inc How MPLAB ICD 2 Works 1 5 DEBUG MODE There are two steps to using MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger The first requires that an application be p
4. MICROCHIP MPLAB ICD 2 In Circuit Debugger User s Guide y _ _ ____ A OE Ej O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise Use of Microchip s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip No licenses are conveyed implicitly or otherwise under any intellectual property rights Trademarks The Microchip name and logo the Microchip logo KEELOQ MPLAB PIC PICmicro PICSTART PRO MATE and PowerSmart are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A and other countries FilterLab microID MXDEV MXLAB PICMASTER SEEVAL and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A Accuron dsPIC dsPICDEM net ECONOMONITOR FanSense FlexROM fuzzyLAB In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP ICEPIC microPort Migratable Memory MPASM MPLIB MPLINK MPSIM PICC PICkit
5. connection to fail and proceed to Step 2 for communications port setup 2 Select Debugger gt Settings Communications tab Select USB or the COM port baud rate to be used with the PC 3 Ifitis desired that the MPLAB ICD 2 connects automatically click on the Status tab and select Automatically connect at startup Check that the Message Level is set to Minimal 4 Click OK 5 Select Debugger gt Connect to connect to the MPLAB ICD 2 O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 33 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 3 3 2 Updating MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Operating System Depending on the version of MPLAB IDE or the device selected a message may appear indicating that the firmware needs to be updated MPLAB IDE will automatically install new firmware The update dialog may look like this FIGURE 3 2 UPDATING MPLAB ICD 2 FIRMWARE DIALOG ICD Wam0030 ICD 12 about to download a new operating system If MPLAB is just starting it will appear to hang at the splash screen Please be patient MPLAB will finish it s intialization after the OS iz downloaded Mote ou may wich to select to ignore this warning in the future Dont display this warning again OF Also since different MPLAB ICD 2 firmware Is used for different families of PICmicro MCUs this dialog may appear when switching to a different PICmicro MCU The firmware can be manually changed by following these steps 1 Select Debugger gt Download ICD
6. Highlight or place the cursor in the following line of code from TUT452 asm clrfPORTB Clear PORTB Right click to display a shortcut menu Select Set Break Point from the shortcut menu This line will now be marked as a breakpoint 9 Select Debugger gt Run or click the Run toolbar button to run the program in real time mode This time the program will stop after it executes the breakpoint line of code and the instruction after the breakpoint will be indicated as shown in Figure 3 14 DS51331A page 46 2003 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial FIGURE 3 14 PROGRAM HALTED AFTER BREAK I C ATUT452 TUT452 45M nop Start clrf FORTE Clear PORTE m clr TRISE PORTE all outputs display 4 MSB s of A D result on LEDs moviw E 01000000 Fose A D enabled movr ADCONO moviw E 00001110 Left justify 1 analog channel movwi DCONi VDD and VSS references moviy E 11000111 THRO prescaler 1 256 mouw TOCOMN e F 10 Single step five times select Debugger gt Step or click the Step toolbar button to single step through the program The following line of code should be indicated when finished movlwB 11000111 TMRO prescaler 1 256 11 Examine the values of the registers ADCONO and ADCON1 in the Watch window Notice that ADCONO has a value of 40 HEX This corresponds to the binary value designated in the program but is this value correct A review of the PIC18F452 Data Shee
7. SETTING UP THE ENVIRONMENT The rest of this chapter provides an overview of MPLAB ICD 2 usage generally describing the functions and menus This section will provide a quick summary on MPLAB ICD 2 operation 2 6 1 Setting Debugging and Programming Options Various dialogs allow the user to set debugging and programming options e Configuration Bits dialog Configure gt Configuration Bits Select the configuration bits on the PICmicro processor For complete details about these options see the Special Features Configuration Bits section of the data sheet for the device being programmed Configuration bits can be specified in the source code instead of setting them in this dialog When doing this every time the project is rebuilt the configuration bits will get reset to the values specified in the source code Program tab ICD Settings dialog Debugger gt Settings or Programmer gt Settings Set up programming options Select Memories Program and External Memory Ranges ID and Program Options Erase All If programming the ID bits is desired set the value to be programmed in the Confiqure gt ID Memory dialog Power tab ICD Settings dialog Debugger gt Settings or Programmer gt Settings Check MPLAB ICD 2 and target voltage values and select Power the target from the MPLAB ICD 2 if a power supply is connected to MPLAB ICD 2 5V up to 200mA 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 25
8. 2003 Microchip Technology Inc Troubleshooting Make sure that the correct oscillator mode is selected look at Configure gt Configurations Bits The oscillator mode will depend upon the oscillator selected Try HS mode for a crystal and RC mode for an external resistor capacitor oscillator These settings may need to be changed for the final design but they are some of the easiest modes to start with Oscillator operation can be checked on OSC2 after configuration bits are set at programming time and power is applied in debug or normal mode 5 1 6 Link Application Code Verify that MPLAB ICD 2 is programming properly by either running an LED blink test similar to that described in Link Target Oscillator or by programming code into the target device MPLAB ICD 2 will execute a verify function after programming to confirm that the data in the target PICmicro MCU matches MPLAB s program memory Programmer gt Verify can also be selected manually to compare the target PICmicro s memory with the MPLAB IDE image If the target PICmicro MCU has AVDD and AVSS ensure that they are connected properly These lines should be connected to power VDD and ground Vss respectively Consult the device data sheet for details MPLAB ICD 2 will not operate if any of these are available and not connected Make sure that Low Voltage Programming is disabled Config gt Configuration Bits 5 1 7 Link Debug Executive When using the Debugger gt Pro
9. 3 6 Step 6 This next dialog box should indicate that the Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Loader has been found and show the path that was previously selected Click Next FIGURE 4 12 WINDOWS 2000 NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 6 Found New Hardware Wizard Driver Files Search Results Pha ae The wizard has finished searching for driver files for your hardware device The wizard found a diver for the following device a USE Device Windows found a driver for this device To install the driver Windows found click Next c program files mplab ide divers2000 ied usbhicdewek inf i Cancel The last dialog box will indicate that the Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Loader has been installed To complete the process click Finish At this point the MPLAB ICD 2 will re enumerate Another set of dialog boxes may be seen indicating this condition The system should automatically load the MPLAB ICD 2 USB client driver needed to communicate with the device DS51331A page 64 2003 Microchip Technology Inc USB Installation Details In the event that the new dialog boxes ask for another path specify the same path that was given in Step 4 FIGURE 4 13 WINDOWS 2000 NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 7 Found New Hardware Wizard Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard LY Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Loader Windows has finished installing the software for this device To close this wizard click Finish i Lanc
10. 4 5 Configure the Interface Go to the Debugger gt Settings Communications tab to select the USB interface or the correct COM port for RS 232 communications DS51331A page 22 O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc Getting Started 2 5 APPLYING POWER There are a number of configurations for powering MPLAB ICD 2 and the target The following are configuration essentials When using the USB connection MPLAB ICD 2 can be powered from the PC but a power supply must be connected to the target When using the RS 232 connection to the PC MPLAB ICD 2 must have a power supply connected to it When MPLAB ICD 2 has its own power supply it can provide a limited amount of current up to 200 mA at five volts to a small target board e MPLAB ICD 2 cannot be powered from the target board e Power should be applied to MPLAB ICD 2 before applying power to the target 2 5 1 Power Sequence when MPLAB ICD 2 is Providing Power to the Target Use this sequence to power the target board from MPLAB ICD 2 This configuration allows up to 200 mA of current at 5 volts only 1 Apply power to MPLAB ICD 2 DO NOT power the target 2 Start MPLAB IDE 6 xx 3 Under the Debugger menu of MPLAB IDE select Connect 4 After establishing communications with the MPLAB ICD 2 select Debugger gt Settings 5 Inthe Settings dialog click the Power tab and ensure that the check box for Power target circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 is checked Click OK
11. 48 Programming Options sereset e S a 40 PU EE 10 R RE bo 22 Reserved Hesources 16 ROSSO o aa 10 A A 87 FRE E EE 87 RS PAS EE 19 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 91 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide S Selecting Device and Development Mode o 33 SE A o 86 SOU Bea enee eege e ee geen 44 Setting Program and Debug OptionS nnannoennennennnnnnnnnennnnnn 39 Setting Up Hardware And Software 32 IR ele E er 78 SIPIGIE StC elle EE 88 System Components MPLAB ICD 2 19 7 Table Read Protect na 78 Bin p d idas 85 88 Toolbar Buttons Debugger Men 43 TUTAS AS sad o rn do soon 43 SOUCE LONE 2 da E nat 49 U UPdaatind FIWATE autista iia 34 BEE 19 Reie 14 A ee ee 81 Sn o ri 81 V Eeer 9 W Re EE 87 ACI VINCI tetris dales 46 E ei vele e TEE 12 Windows Device Manager 81 UVA ES osika a 1 Y Yelo Ee LEE ER DS51331A page 92 2003 Microchip Technology lnc Index NOTES 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 93 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide NOTES DS51331A page 94 2003 Microchip Technology lnc Index NOTES 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 95 MICROCHIP Worldwide Sales and Service AMERICAS Corporate Office Tel 480 792 7200 Fax 480 792 7277 Technical Support 480 792 7627 Web Address www microchip com Atlanta Tel 770 640 0034 Fax 770 640 0307 Boston Tel 978 692 3848 Fax 978 692 3821 Chicago Tel 630 285 007
12. AVPP pins verify that these are all connected properly 6 1 2 Q Why do need the ICD header adapters A The low pin count parts that are supported by MPLAB ICD 2 could not be used very effectively if in circuit debug pins are reserved imagine losing three out of six I O lines on an eight pin part For this reason special bond out PICmicros have been manufactured that can emulate these low pin count parts with an adapter and which will allow the use of all pins in the target application The bond out PICmicro MCU has the in circuit communications pins to interface to MPLAB ICD 2 DS51331A page 80 O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc FAQs The advantage of this is that the low pin parts can be used in development with MPLAB ICD 2 The disadvantage is that these parts cannot simply have an ICD 2 connector on the target application for in circuit debugging These bond out PlCmicros are similar to emulator chips They can support more than one device Jumpers are available on the header boards to configure the chip to match the device under development These low pin count devices can be programmed with MPLAB ICD 2 using the Universal Programmer Adapter or by putting an ICD 2 connector on the target application to connect VPP PGC and PGD on these parts 6 1 3 Q can t connect to MPLAB ICD 2 What do I do now A Is the MPLAB ICD 2 power light on The LED should shine brightly If it is dim only USB may be connected and the use
13. ICD 2 is selected as the current debugger e Stack Overflow Reset Disabled e All other configuration bits should be disabled 3 7 2 Programming Options To set program options select Debugger gt Settings and click on the Program tab FIGURE 3 9 MPLAB ICD 2 SETTINGS DIALOG PROGRAM TAB ICD Debugger E a S 2 sl Communication Limitations Warnings Versions i Program Options M Program Freeze on Halt M Configuration M Erase all before Program EEPROM AD External Program Memory Addresses External Memon Addresses hex hex Start 0 0 Start End 0 7DBF End Full Range Full Range Bootloader User Memon Routines Cancel Apply Help DS51331A page 40 2003 Microchip Technology lnc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial For the PIC18FXX2 devices all memory will be erased each time the chip is programmed Therefore Erase all before Program will have no effect The Select Memories section should have Program checked and EEPROM and ID unchecked When using MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger configuration bits will always be programmed and the Configuration box will be checked and grayed out The Program Memory Addresses Start Address and End Address sets the range of program memory that will be read programmed or verified Click Full Range to set the address range to the maximum program memory available based on the device selected Note that the end of
14. If any of the self tests on the Status tab of the Settings dialog do not pass it will not be possible to erase and program chips This will require further troubleshooting See Chapters 5 and 6 or the on line help for more information 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 23 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 2 5 2 Power Seguence when Target has a Separate Power Supply Use this seguence to power the target board from its own power supply For this configuration the target power can be 2 5 volts at higher currents than can be provided by the MPLAB ICD 2 gt 200 mA Check the PICmicro MCU data sheet to verify the operational voltage range for the device being used 1 Apply power to MPLAB ICD 2 DO NOT power the target Start MPLAB IDE 6 xx Under the Debugger menu of MPLAB IDE select Connect After establishing communications with the MPLAB ICD 2 select Debugger gt Settings 5 Inthe Settings dialog click the Power tab and ensure that the check box for Power target circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 is NOT checked Click OK 6 Power the target system and then select Debugger gt Connect AOD If any of the self tests on the Status tab of the Settings dialog do not pass it will not be possible to erase and program chips This will require further troubleshooting See Chapters 5 and 6 or on line help for more information DS51331A page 24 2003 Microchip Technology lnc Getting Started 2 6 OVERVIEW
15. MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide Status tab ICD Settings dialog Debugger gt Settings or Programmer gt Settings In addition to auto connect on startup output messages may be logged to a file in this dialog These messages may assist users or if necessary Microchip technical support in finding errors 2 6 2 Creating a Project The easiest way to create a new project is to select Project gt Project Wizard With the help of the Project Wizard a new project and the language tools for building that project can be created The wizard will guide users through the process of adding source files libraries linker scripts etc to the various nodes on the project window The tutorial in Chapter 3 gives detailed steps for using this wizard 2 6 3 Building a Project After the project is created choose Project gt Build All to build the application This will create object code for the application that can be programmed into the target with MPLAB ICD 2 2 7 OVERVIEW MPLAB ICD 2 DEVELOPMENT PROCESS The development process with MPLAB ICD 2 consists of four steps 1 Program the application code into the target application using MPLAB ICD 2 as the current debug tool 2 Debug the application 3 Modify the source code rebuild the project and repeat until the application performs as designed 4 Select MPLAB ICD 2 as the current programmer and program the part for use in the target application DS51331A page 26 2003 Microc
16. The software you are installing for this hardware has not passed Windows Logo testing Click Continue Anyway In the event that subsequent steps fail to find or recognize the INF or device driver files repeat Step 2 selecting Don t search will choose and then click Next The next screen should ask for a hardware type Make sure Show All Devices is selected and then click Next In the Select the device driver window click on the Have Disk button The next dialog box will allow selection of the directory path in which the INF file is to be found Browse to the MPLAB IDE installation directory and select the subdirectory DriversXP ICD2_ USB Once this directory is selected click OK and continue with the install 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 67 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide FIGURE 4 15 WINDOWS XP NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 2 Found New Hardware Wizard Please choose your search and installation options S f Search for the best driver in these locations Use the check boxes below to limit or expand the default search which includes local paths and removable media The best diver found will be installed Search removable media floppy CO ROM M Include this location in the search C Program Files MPLAB IDE Drivers PVC 2 USE Browse Don t search will choose the driver to install Choose this option to select the device driver from a list Windows does no
17. does the MPLAB ICD 2 Self Test do A The Self Test button is helpful in determining problems with the MPLAB ICD 2 module or target connection Target VDD Tests the VDD provided from the MPLAB ICD 2 5 volts only if Power from ICD2 is selected Tests the VDD provided from the target 2 to 6 volts if Power from target is selected Pass Fail codes 00 Pass VDD is within specified limits 01 Min error VDD is below specified limits 80 Max error VDD is above specified limits An error can indicate Incorrect Power setting in the Advanced Dialog Box or VDD from the target is above below specification Module VPP Tests the programming voltage VPP provided from the MPLAB ICD 2 to the target VPP MCLR pin during a programming cycle Pass Fail codes 00 Pass VPP is within specified limits 01 Min error VPP is below specified limits 80 Max error VPP is above specified limits An error can indicate the target VPP MCLR pin is not wired correctly MCLR Gnd Tests the ability of the MPLAB ICD 2 to provide a ground level to the target VPP MCLR pin for target reset Pass Fail codes 00 Pass Ground can be provided to target VPP MCLR pin 80 Max error Ground level too high for target VPP MCLR pin An error can indicate the target VPP MCLR pin is not wired correctly DS51331A page 86 2003 Microchip Technology Inc FAQs MCLR VDD Tests the ability of the MPLAB ICD 2 to provide V
18. is not on or has not been set to convert e A typing error in the source code is causing the program to function improperly To explore the first possibility set a breakpoint at the line of the file that writes the value of A D result to PORTB 1 Highlight or place the cursor on the following line of code from TUT452 asm movwfPORTB Write A D result to PORTB 2 Right click to display a shortcut menu 3 Select Set Break Point from the shortcut menu This line is now marked as a breakpoint B in red stop sign as shown in Figure 3 11 FIGURE 3 11 SET BREAKPOINT D C TUT452 TUT452 45M swap ADRESH W Swap D result nibbles andir x0 Mask off lover 4 Hits mowwel PORTE Write A D result to PORTE clrf FORTE itPush Pause while switch is pressed htfiss FORTS 4 goto WaitPush movwie PORTE Main Do it again DS51331A page 44 2003 Microchip Technology lnc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 4 Select Debugger gt Run or click the Run toolbar button to run the program once again In real time mode A breakpoint stops a program s execution when the program executes the line marked as a breakpoint However the sample program is not halting 5 Select Debugger gt Halt or click the Halt button on the toolbar to halt the program now In the source code window the sample program will have halted on one of the two lines in the Wait routine as shown in Figure 3 12 at the arrow FIGURE 3 12 PROGRAM HALTE
19. le now ready to install the best driver for thi device Click Back to select a different driver or click Next to continue Location of driver C Program Files MPLAB IDE Dnvers MCD 2 i Cancel 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 57 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 4 2 5 Step 5 The last dialog box will indicate that the Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Loader has been installed To complete the process click Finish At this point the MPLAB ICD 2 will re enumerate Another set of dialog boxes indicating this condition may be seen The system should automatically load the MPLAB ICD 2 USB client driver needed to communicate with the device In the event that the new dialog boxes ask for another path specify the same path that was given in Step 3 FIGURE 4 6 WINDOWS 98 ME NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 5 Add New Hardware Wizard Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Loader Windows has finished installing the software that your new hardware device requires i Cancel DS51331A page 58 2003 Microchip Technology Inc USB Installation Details 4 3 WINDOWS 2000 INSTALLATION When the MPLAB ICD 2 is plugged into the USB for the first time on a Windows 2000 system the following steps will have to be taken in order to properly install the device drivers 4 3 1 Step 1 The first time a new USB device is plugged into a Windows 2000 system a dialog box will appear indicating that the system has fou
20. never be entered A breakpoint can be set inside an interrupt routine and then run to it to single step through the interrupt code 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 27 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 2 7 3 Modifying Target Application Code and Rebuilding the HEX File To modify the code and rebuild the HEX file 1 Open the source file double click on the file name in the Project Window or use File gt Open 2 Make the necessary changes to debug the code Rebuild the HEX file using Project gt Build All 4 Select Debugger gt Program to program the device with the updated HEX file SS 2 7 4 Finishing the Application Using MPLAB ICD 2 as a Programmer Once the user has finished debugging the code and has the application running as desired the device can be programmed without the debugger enabled The device resources reserved for ICD operation then will be free for other use Note MPLAB ICD 2 may be selected as either a debug tool or a programmer Do not select both First set the Debugger to None from the Debugger gt Select Tool menu Then select Programmer gt Select Programmer gt MPLAB ICD 2 to choose MPLAB ICD 2 as a programmer The Programmer menu and MPLAB IDE toolbar will change to display programmer options once the tool is selected Also the Output window will open and messages concerning ICD status and communications will be displayed on the MPLAB ICD 2 tab DS51331A page 28 20
21. of the application Even though an ICD has some drawbacks in comparison to an ICE in this situation it has some distinct advantages e A connection to the application after the production cycle does not require extraction of the microcontroller in order to insert an ICE probe e The ICD can re program the firmware in the target application without any other connections or equipment DS51331A page 6 2003 Microchip Technology Inc How MPLAB ICD 2 Works An ICE uses custom hardware to emulate the target microcontroller An ICD uses hardware on the target microcontroller to do some of the functions of an ICE An ICD also employs software running on the target to do ICE like functions and as a result relies upon the target microcontroller for some memory space CPU control stack storage and I O pins for communication 1 4 MODULAR INTERFACE CONNECTIONS MPLAB ICD 2 is connected to the target PICmicro MCU with the modular interface cable a six conductor cable The pin numbering for the MPLAB ICD 2 connector is shown from the bottom of the target PC board in Figure 1 1 Note The ICD cable has mirror imaged connections on each end and connections on the MPLAB ICD 2 module are the opposite of connections shown here FIGURE 1 1 PIN NUMBERING FOR MODULAR CONNECTOR MPLAB ICD 2 Connector 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 7 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide Figure 1 2 shows the interconnections of t
22. path to the device driver files In the edit field labeled Copy manufacturer s files from either type the path in or use the Browse button to search and fill it in Under a normal installation this path should be C Program Files MPLAB IDE Drivers2000 ICD2 USB This path must contain the following files e ICD2WZK INF e ICD2W2K SYS e ICD2W2KL SYS Once the path is specified click OK FIGURE 4 10 WINDOWS 2000 NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 4 Found New Hardware Wizard Insert the manufacturer s installation disk into the drive Ok zelected and then click OF Cancel Copy manufacturer s files from C Program Files MPLAB IDESOnvers20004ICD2 L EES DS51331A page 62 O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc USB Installation Details 4 3 5 Step 5 This next dialog box should indicate that the Wizard found a device driver in the location specified in the previous step Click Next to continue FIGURE 4 11 WINDOWS 2000 NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 5 Found New Hardware Wizard Driver Files Search Results hay ae The wizard has finished searching for driver files for your hardware device y The wizard found a driver for the following device e USB Device Windows found a driver for this device To install the driver Windows found click Nest c program files mplab ide divers2000 ied2_usbMicd2wek int i Cancel 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 63 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 4
23. program memory is adjusted to leave room for the MPLAB ICD 2 debug executive Programs cannot extend beyond this upper limit while using MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger 3 8 SETTING UP THE DEMO BOARD Before beginning to debug make sure the PICDEM 2 Plus Demo Board is set up as follows EC OSC option has been selected using jumper J7 LEDs have been enabled using jumper J6 e Power is supplied 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 41 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 3 9 LOADING PROGRAM CODE FOR DEBUGGING Select Debugger gt Program to program TUT452 hex into the PIC18F452 in the PICDEM 2 Plus demo board The debug executive code is automatically programmed in upper program memory for MPLAB ICD 2 debug functions Debug code must be programmed into the target PICmicro MCU to use the in circuit debugging capabilities of the MPLAB ICD 2 Programming may take a couple of minutes During programming the MPLAB ICD 2 tab of the Output dialog shows the current phase of operation When programming is complete the dialog should look similar to Figure 3 10 FIGURE 3 10 CURRENT PHASE OF OPERATION DISPLAY Build Find in Files MPLAB ICD 2 Erasing Part Programming Program Memory Loading DebugEzecutive Frogramming DebugEzecutive Programming Debug Vector Programming RSBUG Programming Configuration Bits Yerifying Program Memory Debug Executive Debug Vector co Verity Succeeded Config Memo
24. right When done click Next When finished with the wizard a Summary screen similar to Figure 3 6 will be seen FIGURE 3 6 WIZARD EXIT SCREEN REC Summary Click Finish to create the project with these parameters m Project Parameters Device PIC18F452 Toolsuite Microchip MPASM Toolsuite File C Program Files MPLAB A new workspace will be created and the new project added to that workspace Cancel Help 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 37 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 3 5 VIEWING THE PROJECT After exiting the wizard the MPLAB IDE desktop will again be visible Close all other windows on the desktop to see the Project window The project window should now look like Figure 3 7 FIGURE 3 7 PROJECT WINDOW BER Tut452 mcp E Source Files TUT452 45M Header Files Object Files Library Files E Linker Scripts 18f452i lkr In case of error files can be manually added to the project window Put the cursor on the Source Files line or the Linker Scripts line to add files Delete a file by highlighting it and clicking the right mouse button to bring up a menu to delete the file DS51331A page 38 2003 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 3 6 CREATING A HEX FILE To create a HEX file for debugging select Project gt Build All or right click on the project name in the project window and select Build All from the popup menu MPASM ass
25. 03 Microchip Technology Inc Getting Started The project should rebuild now so that all debugging modes will be disabled and the configuration bits as defined in the source code will be programmed into the target Programming options e g memory areas and ranges can be set up on the Program tab of the Programmer gt Settings dialog Configuration bits will be set as defined in the source files They can be manually selected by using the Configuration gt Configuration Bits dialog If desired set the ID bits by selecting Configure gt ID Memory 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 29 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide NOTES DS51331A page 30 2003 Microchip Technology lnc AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 3 MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 3 1 INTRODUCTION This tutorial walks through the process of developing a simple project using the sample program TUT452 asm found in a folder in the MPLAB IDE installation directory This program is an implementation of the PIC18F452 analog to digital A D converter using the PICDEM 2 Plus Demo Board DM163022 The program configures the A D module to convert input from A D channel 0 connected to the potentiometer on the demo board and display the results on the four PORTB LEDs RB3 RBO 3 2 HIGHLIGHTS Topics covered in this chapter Setting Up the Environment Running the Project Wizard Viewing the Project Creating a HEX File Setting Debug
26. 1 Fax 630 285 0075 Dallas Tel 972 818 7423 Fax 972 818 2924 Detroit Tel 248 538 2250 Fax 248 538 2260 Kokomo Tel 765 864 8360 Fax 765 864 8387 Los Angeles Tel 949 263 1888 Fax 949 263 1338 Phoenix Tel 480 792 7966 Fax 480 792 4338 San Jose Tel 408 436 7950 Fax 408 436 7955 Toronto Tel 905 673 0699 Fax 905 673 6509 ASIA PACIFIC Australia Tel 61 2 9868 6733 Fax 61 2 9868 6755 China Beijing Tel 86 10 85282100 Fax 86 10 85282104 China Chengdu Tel 86 28 86766200 Fax 86 28 86766599 China Fuzhou Tel 86 591 7503506 Fax 86 591 7503521 China Shanghai Tel 86 21 6275 5700 Fax 86 21 6275 5060 China Shenzhen Tel 86 755 82901380 Fax 86 755 82966626 China Hong Kong SAR Tel 852 2401 1200 Fax 852 2401 3431 India Tel 91 80 2290061 Fax 91 80 2290062 Japan Tel 81 45 471 6166 Fax 81 45 471 6122 Korea Tel 82 2 554 7200 Fax 82 2 558 5934 Singapore Tel 65 6334 8870 Fax 65 6334 8850 Taiwan Tel 886 2 2717 7175 Fax 886 2 2545 0139 EUROPE Austria Tel 43 7242 2244 399 Fax 43 7242 2244 393 Denmark Tel 45 4420 9895 Fax 45 4420 9910 France Tel 33 1 69 53 63 20 Fax 33 1 69 30 90 79 Germany Tel 49 89 627 144 100 Fax 49 89 627 144 44 Italy Tel 39 0331 742611 Fax 39 0331 466781 United Kingdom Tel 44 118 921 5869 Fax 44 118 921 5820 02 12 03 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 96
27. 2 Operating System The Select ICD 2 Firmware File dialog will open 2 Select the firmware file to download from the list or browse for it The file will be of the form icdxxxxxx hex where xxxxxx IS the version number See the README file or MPLAB ICD 2 txt for information on the latest versions supplied with MPLAB IDE Versions may vary according to the PICmicro device selected 3 Click Open MPLAB IDE will download the new operating system to the MPLAB ICD 2 DS51331A page 34 2003 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 3 4 RUNNING THE PROJECT WIZARD The MPASM assembler will be used in this project 1 To set up the first project select Project gt Project Wizard 2 Proceed to the second dialog of the wizard The PIC18F452 should be selected 3 Proceed to the next dialog of the wizard to set up MPASM as the language tool In the Active Toolsuite pull down select Microchip MPASM Toolsuite Make sure that MPASM and MPLINK are set as the proper executables in the MPLAB IDE MCHIP Tools folder MPASM should be pointing to mpasmwin exe MPLINK should be pointing to mplink exe FIGURE 3 3 WIZARD TOOLSUITE DIALOG Project wizard EEE Step Two Select a language toolsuite Active Toolsuite Microchip MP4SM Toolsuite Toolsuite Contents MPASM As Browse Help My Suite Isn t Listed Show all installed toolsuites coca zs O 2003 Microchip Technology
28. B ICD 2 Users Guide 4 2 3 Step 3 This next dialog box allows the user to specify where needed files for the new device are to be found Make sure all the check boxes are unchecked except for the one that says Specify a location Select Specify a location and then enter the path to the device driver files either type the path in or use the Browse button to search Under a normal installation this path should be C Program Files MPLAB IDE Drivers98 ICD2 USB This path must contain the following files e ICD2W98 INF e ICD2W98 SYS e ICD2W98L SYS Once the path is specified click Next FIGURE 4 4 WINDOWS 98 ME NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 3 Add New Hardware Wizard Windows will search for new drivers in its driver database on pour hard drive and in any of the following selected locations Click Next to start the search Floppy disk drives CD ROM drive Microsoft windows Update IY Specify a location C Program Files MPLAB IDE ver ID Ur Back Mert gt Cancel DS51331A page 56 2003 Microchip Technology Inc USB Installation Details 4 2 4 Step 4 This next dialog box should indicate that the Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Loader has been found and show the path that was previously selected Click Next FIGURE 4 5 WINDOWS 98 ME NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 4 Add New Hardware Wizard Windows driver file search for the device Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Loader Windows
29. D CATUT45 ATUT452 ASM bsf ADCONO GO Start A D conversion Wait htiss PIRI apIF Wait for conversion to complete goto Wait swapt ADRESH W Swap A D result nibbles andlw Cvt Mask off lover d Hits 53 mowwel PORTE Write A D result to FORTE clrf FORTE WaitPush Pause while switch is pressed htfiss FORTA 4 goto WaitPush gt Based on the halt location and the fact that the program never reaches the breakpoint it can be concluded that the problem is in the A D conversion The A D flag for conversion complete is not being set A D conversion initialization and setup occurs at the beginning of the program 6 Toreset the program select Debugger gt Reset The first instruction should be indicated with a green arrow O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 45 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 7 Openanew Watch window to watch the A D register value change as the program executes Select View gt Watch The Watch dialog opens with the Watch 1 tab selected Select ADCONO from the list next to Add SFR and then click the button ADCONO is added to the Watch window Repeat for ADCONT The selected symbols should now be visible in the Watch window as shown in Figure 3 13 FIGURE 3 13 WATCH WINDOW Add SFR ADCONI Add Symbal a OF dE OFCe ADCONO oo OFC ADCONL oo Watch 1 Wabtch2 Watch 31 Watch 4 8 Inthe TUT452 asm source code set a breakpoint at the first instruction after Start
30. DD to the target VPP MCLR pin during normal operation such as Run Pass Fail codes 00 Pass VDD can be provided to target VPP MCLR pin 01 Minerror VDD too low for target VPP MCLR pin 80 Max error VDD too high for target VPP MCLR pin An error can indicate Incorrect Power setting in the Advanced Dialog Box or VDD from the target is above below specification MCLR VPP Test the ability of the MPLAB ICD 2 to provide VPP to the target VPP MCLR pin during programming operations Pass Fail codes 00 Pass VPP can be provided to target VPP MCLR pin 01 Min error VPP too low for target VPP MCLR pin 80 Max error VPP too high for target VPP MCLR pin An error can indicate the target VPP MCLR pin is not wired correctly 6 1 18 0 Why are the W STATUS and BSR registers getting changed when using high priority interrupts with the RETFIE instruction A The shadow registers which are used for high priority interrupts and CALL FAST are used by MPLAB ICD 2 These are reserved resources for MPLAB ICD 2 operation A problem will be encountered if a breakpoint is set inside a CALL FAST subroutine or a inside the service routine for a high priority interrupt that uses the shadow registers with the RETURN FAST or RETFIE instruction 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 87 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 6 1 19 Q When setting a breakpoint at the first location in my program why does it stop at addr
31. F or device driver files repeat Step 2 selecting Display a list of the known drivers The next screen should ask for a device type At that point click on the Have Disk button The next dialog box will allow selection of the directory path in which the INF file is to be found Once this directory is selected click OK and continue with the install DS51331A page 60 2003 Microchip Technology Inc USB Installation Details 4 3 3 Step 3 This next dialog box allows the user to specify where needed files for the new device are to be found Make sure all the check boxes are unchecked except for the one that says Specify a location Select Specify a location and then click Next FIGURE 4 9 WINDOWS 2000 NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 3 Found New Hardware Wizard Locate Driver Files Where do you want Windows to search for driver files Search for driver files for the following hardware device o USB Device The wizard searches for suitable drivers in its driver database on pour computer and in any of the following optional search locations that you specify To start the search click Next If you are searching on a floppy disk or CO ROM drive inzert the floppy disk or CO before clicking Hest Optional search locations CO ROM drives M Specify a location PF Microsoft Windows Update Cancel 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 61 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 4 3 4 Step 4 Enter the
32. Inc DS51331A page 35 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide Next project files can be added to the wizard Files can also be added later if something is missed For this example select Browse to go to the MPLAB IDE installation folder the default folder is C Program Files MPLAB IDE on the hard disk then go to the MCHIP Tools Example folder to select TUT452 ASM FIGURE 3 4 WIZARD ADD FILES Step Four Add ary existing files your project EL Drivers EL MCHIP Tools DCH EXAMPLE rr EJ 18187201 kr rr Ej Hest365kr rr Ej Hes1370 kr pob Pe EJ 186720 kr rr EJ 1818620 kr PO be EJ 18f6720lkr 7 l gt Back Cancel Help Click on TUT452 ASM to highlight it then Click on ADD gt gt to add it to the right pane DS51331A page 36 2003 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial The second file needed for this project is the linker script Click on the LKR folder to expand it and then scroll down to select the file 18F452i 1kr Make sure that the file name has an i FIGURE 3 5 WIZARD ADD FILES LINKER SCRIPT Step Four Add any existing files your project 12c508 lkr c Program Files MPLAB IDESMCHIP_ Add gt gt f509ag lkr rf509af kr 18c801i lkr Be 1812421 lkr Bees 18F248ilkr 18f252i Ikr 18f258i Ikr 18f442i Ikr 18f448i Ikr E 014521 IK 1814581 lkr X Si lt Back Next gt Cancel Press ADD gt gt to move the linker script to the list on the
33. LAB ICD 2 and will explain the power options and recommended power up sequences Chapter 3 Is a step by step tutorial using MPLAB ICD 2 Before continuing on to the tutorial be sure that the software and hardware is configured according to Sections 2 3 through 2 5 of this chapter 2 2 HIGHLIGHTS Topics covered in this chapter e MPLAB ICD 2 System Components e Installing and Configuring MPLAB IDE for MPLAB ICD 2 e Applying Power e Overview Setting Up the Environment e Overview MPLAB ICD 2 Development Process 2 3 MPLAB ICD 2 SYSTEM COMPONENTS In addition to the MPLAB ICD 2 module the following components are required e MPLAB IDE software version 6 20 or later Installed on the PC to control MPLAB ICD 2 e RS 232 or USB cable To connect the MPLAB ICD 2 module to a COM or USB port on the PC 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 19 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide Note Do not connect the USB cable until installation of the MPLAB IDE software and instructions for configuring the USB driver have been completed Modular interface cable To connect the MPLAB ICD 2 module to a demo board or the user s application Demo board or target application To connect the PICmicro MCU with on board debug capabilities to the modular interface and the MPLAB ICD 2 Although the serial or USB communications from the MPLAB IDE to the MPLAB ICD 2 can be set up without a target connection MPLAB ICD 2 will not fu
34. MPLAB will issue an error message Another way to get a breakpoint is to press the MPLAB IDE s Halt button the pause symbol to the right of the Run arrow This toggles the PGC and PGD lines in such a way that the in circuit debug mechanism of the target PICmicro MCU switches the program counter from the user s code in program memory to the debug executive Again the target application program is effectively halted and MPLAB IDE uses MPLAB ICD 2 communications with the debug executive to interrogate the state of the target PICmicro MCU 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 15 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 1 7 DEBUG RESERVED RESOURCES When developing with MPLAB ICD 2 the user must be aware of the device resources reserved for debugging Check the MPLAB IDE on line help or the README file of the current software to find out details of the processor being used In general in circuit debugging uses the following on chip resources e MCLR VPP is shared for programming Low voltage programming LVP is disabled PGC and PGD are reserved for programming and in circuit debugging One or two stack locations are used by the MPLAB ICD 2 debugger Several general purpose file registers are reserved Upper words of program memory area are reserved for the debug executive code The PIC18FXXXX MCU shadow stack is not available while debugging The application can use the shadow stack but cannot debug a return f
35. ON Microchip product support is available through e Distributors e Local Sales Offices a list of sales office locations is available at the end of this book e Field Application Engineers FAE Corporate Applications Engineers CAEs may be contacted at 480 792 7627 e Hot Line The Systems Information and Upgrade Line provides system users with a list of the current versions of all Microchip development systems software products This line also provides information on how to receive available upgrade kits The Hot Line Numbers are 1 800 755 2345 for U S and most of Canada 1 480 792 7302 for the rest of the world 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 3 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide NOTES DS51331A page 4 2003 Microchip Technology lnc AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 1 How MPLAB ICD 2 Works 1 1 INTRODUCTION This section provides a simplified description of how MPLAB ICD 2 works It is intended to provide enough information so a target board can be designed that is compatible with MPLAB ICD 2 for both programming and debugging operations The basic theory of programming and in circuit debugging is described so that problems if encountered are quickly resolved 1 2 HIGHLIGHTS This section provides an overview of MPLAB ICD 2 followed by a description of MPLAB ICD 2 programming and debugging modes The following topics are covered ICD vs ICE Modular Interface Co
36. Options Setting Up the Demo Board Loading Program Code For Debugging Running TUT452 Debugging TUT452 Programming the Application TUT452 Main Routine and Source Code O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 31 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 3 3 SETTING UP TRE ENVIRONMENT Before beginning this tutorial follow the steps in Chapter 2 Getting Started with MPLAB IDE Section 2 3 through 2 5 to set up the hardware and MPLAB IDE software Some of the initial settings covered in this tutorial may already be in place as a result of the set up in Chapter 2 Once launched the MPLAB IDE desktop should appear Figure 3 1 FIGURE 3 1 MPLAB IDE V6 XX EES DS51331A page 32 2003 Microchip Technology lnc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 3 3 1 Selecting the Device and Development Mode To select the device for this tutorial 1 Select Configure gt Select Device 2 Inthe Device Selection dialog choose PIC 18 492 from the Device list box The light icon next to MPLAB ICD 2 in the Microchip Tool Support section should be green 3 Click OK To select MPLAB ICD 2 as a debugger 1 Select Debugger gt Select Tool gt MPLAB ICD 2 The Debugger menu will then show the other debug options available Also the Output window will open to display connection information If MPLAB IDE attempts to connect on start up to the MPLAB ICD 2 but fails because a USB port ora COM port other than COM1 is being used allow the
37. PICDEM PICDEM net PowerCal Powerlnfo PowerTool rfPIC Select Mode SmartSensor SmartShunt SmartTel and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A and other countries Serialized Quick Turn Programming SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies 2003 Microchip Technology Incorporated Printed in the U S A All Rights Reserved CH Printed on recycled paper DS51331A page ii 2003 Microchip Technology Inc S MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Table of Contents Customer Support Jet gell et en seara k ste 1 a 61811 6 AS don si ana 1 The Microchip Web Ge 1 Customer Change Notification Service 2 Contact Information 3 Chapter 1 How MPLAB ICD 2 Works ES ie deele De de sita ai ni 5 1 2 alain UL EE 5 E Se MEE o et eee A 6 1 4 Modular Interface Connections T 1 5 Debug Mode 11 1 6 Requirements For Debug Mode 12 1 7 Debug Reserved Resources 16 1 8 Programmer Mode 17 Chapter 2 Getting Started 2 und e e Eer e mtrs 19 2 2 HIOhlighiS 22e users 19 2 3 MPLAB ICD 2 System Components 19 2 4 Installing and Configuring MPLAB IDE tor MPLAB ICD 2 nt 20 Zo ADDIVING ge EE 23 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page iii MPLAB ICD 2 User s G
38. Users Guide NOTES DS51331A page 52 2003 Microchip Technology Inc AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 4 USB Installation Details 4 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter covers the installation details for the USB driver for the various Windows operating systems These systems are covered e Windows 98 ME e Windows 2000 e Windows XP USB problems will be experienced if an incorrect driver is installed Windows will often try to install a default USB driver This driver will not function with MPLAB ICD 2 If problems are encountered look at the hardware device manager to verify that the Microchip USB driver is listed under USB devices Sometimes an unknown USB device will be listed under other devices This device should be removed if found then continue following these steps for the appropriate operating system of the PC Figure 4 1 shows the correct configuration FIGURE 4 1 DEVICE MANAGER pl A Sound video and game controllers ei ECH Storage device ER Wl System devices ce Universal Serial Bus controllers Intel 823774B EB PCI to USB Universal Host Controlle Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Client USB Root Hub 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 53 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 4 2 WINDOWS 98 AND WINDOWS ME INSTALLATION 4 2 1 Step 1 The first time a new USB device is plugged into a Windows 98 ME system a dialog box will appear indicating that the system has foun
39. backs of using the in circuit debugger Since code is actually running in the debug executive timers can continue to run during the operation of the debug executive even when the users application program is halted 6 1 15 Why am I getting warnings and errors when using the PIC12F629 675 or PIC 16F 630 676 A The GP1 RA1 pins on these parts cannot be pulled high while using MPLAB ICD 2 Refer to the MPLAB ICD 2 Header document for more information on using ICD 2 for these parts DS51292 6 1 16 What would make the power and busy LED blink on and off A This may indicate that the target MPLAB ICD 2 connector is wired backwards opposite from the wiring diagram The blinking indicates that the MPLAB ICD 2 is shutting down due to high current The following tests indicate that the target is connected backwards e Look for blinking Power and Busy LEDs power may go out altogether e Execute a Self Test and look for a min error on MCLR VPP all other tests will probably pass e Use the default address range for the target controller and execute a Program cycle A voltage level on pin 1 VPP of 7 8 volts is too low Note that if the target was wired backwards protection circuitry in the MPLAB ICD 2 will prevent damage to the module Normal operation should be seen when the target is wired correctly 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 85 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 6 1 17 What
40. bled Look at Config gt Configuration Bits to make sure that the Watchdog Tlmer is disabled code protection is turned off and that the oscillator setting is correct 6 1 5 Q Can MPLAB ICD 2 operate with a target device running at low voltage A Yes As long as the target PICmicro MCU supports low voltage operation it can run down to about 2 volts VDD There are level converters in the input output buffers of the MPLAB ICD 2 These are powered from the VDD of the target device Also MPLAB ICD 2 will sense the operating voltage of the target and correctly adjust its functionality to deal with this operation i e using the correct FLASH erase algorithms VDD needs to be selected From Target in the MPLAB ICD 2 Settings dialog and have a power supply on the target for low voltage operation 6 1 6 Q Does MPLAB ICD 2 support Low Voltage Programming LVP A No But this does not mean that it will not work correctly when running at low voltage VDD on the target It just means that the programming voltages applied to VPP will always be 12V DS51331A page 82 O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc FAQs 6 1 7 Q Why do I have problems when configuring the PLL Oscillator MPLAB ICD 2 gets hung up A This is a requirement of the actual PICmicro After programming the configuration bits for the PLL Oscillator power needs to be removed then re applied to the target If this is not done the target PICmicro MCU will no
41. bove A small debug executive program is loaded into the high area of program memory of the target PICmicro MCU Since the debug executive must reside in program memory the application program must not use this reserved space The debug executive typically needs about 0x120 words of program memory Special in circuit debug registers in the target PICmicro MCU are enabled These allow the debug executive to be activated by the MPLAB ICD 2 The target PICmicro MCU is held in reset by keeping the VPP MCLR line low 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 13 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 1 6 2 Debug Mode Details Figure 1 5 illustrates the MPLAB ICD 2 ready for debugging FIGURE 1 5 MPLAB ICD 2 READY FOR DEBUGGING Internal Target Debug Registers Running for Debug N Executive MPLAB ICD 2 WW Debug to Function Internal circuits M Executive Area Reserved for Debug Program Executive Memory Hardware stack shared by Debug Exec About 0x10 bytes used by O File Debug Exec Registers Typically in order to find out if an application program will run correctly a breakpoint is set early in the program code When a breakpoint is set from the user interface of the MPLAB IDE the address of the breakpoint is stored into the special internal debug registers of the target PlCmicro MCU Commands on PGC and PGD communicate directly to these registers to set the breakpoint address Next the Debugg
42. d a new hardware device here may also be a dialog box that informs the user that a device data base is being built or updated After these dialogs appear the Add New Hardware Wizard dialog box is displayed Click Next to continue the installation FIGURE 4 2 WINDOWS 98 ME NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 1 Add New Hardware Wizard This wizard searches for new drivers for USB Device device driver i software program that makes a hardware device work i Cancel DS51331A page 54 2003 Microchip Technology Inc USB Installation Details 4 2 2 Step 2 Make sure that Search for the best driver is selected and click Next In the event that subsequent steps fail to find or recognize the INF or device driver files repeat Step 2 selecting Display a list of all the drivers The next screen should ask for a device type At that point click on the Have Disk button The next dialog box will allow selection of the directory path in which the INF file is to be found Once this directory is selected click OK and continue with the install FIGURE 4 3 WINDOWS 98 ME NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 2 Add New Hardware Wizard What do you want Windows to do fe Search for the best driver for your device Recommended Display a list of all the drivers in a specific location 20 you can select the driver you want Back Cancel 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 55 MPLA
43. e 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 65 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 4 4 WINDOWS XP INSTALLATION 4 4 1 Step 1 The first time a new USB device is plugged into a Windows XP system a dialog box will appear indicating that the system has found a new hardware device There may also be a dialog box that informs the user that a device data base is being built or updated After these dialogs appear the Found New Hardware Wizard dialog box is displayed Select Install from a list or specific location Advanced and click Next to continue the installation FIGURE 4 14 WINDOWS XP NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 1 Found New Hardware Wizard Welcome to the Found New Hardware Wizard This wizard helps vou install software for USB Device IE your hardware came with an installation CD SEA or floppy disk insert it now What do pou want the wizard to do Install the software automatically Recommended Ce Install from a list or specific location Advanced Click Next to continue Back Cancel DS51331A page 66 2003 Microchip Technology Inc USB Installation Details 4 4 2 Step 2 Make sure that Search for the best driver is selected Unselect Search removable media and check Include this location in the search Browse to the MPLAB IDE installation directory and select the subdirectory DriversXP ICD2_USB Click Next During the install a dialog will pop up stating
44. e best match for your hardware lt Back Cancel 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 71 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 4 4 6 Step 6 The Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard will appear once the Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Client has been installed Click Finish to end the USB installation FIGURE 4 19 WINDOWS XP NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 6 Found New Hardware Wizard Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard The wizard has finished installing the software for Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Client Click Finish to close the wizard DS51331A page 72 2003 Microchip Technology Inc AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 9 1 WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF TROUBLE Since many things in MPLAB IDE MPLAB ICD 2 and the PICmicro MCU target application circuit can affectthe operation of MPLAB ICD 2 it is important to understand the operation of each link in the chain of ICD 2 functionality Figure 5 1 is a diagram showing the various links Each link must be functional for MPLAB ICD 2 to program and debug This section discusses these links to help find and fix problems if they occur FIGURE 5 1 CHAIN OF MPLAB ICD 2 FUNCTIONALITY gt gt m PC to MPLAB ICD 2 MPLAB ICD 2 MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware to Target 4 Communication PICmicro MCU EE Es In Circuit treti Debug n Application AS Debug Resources Debug Registers Executive Code a
45. embler always makes a hex file with the same name as the source asm file The Output Window should look like Figure 3 8 FIGURE 3 8 OUTPUT WINDOW Build Find in Files MPLAB ICD m Files MPLAB IDEXMCHIP_ Tools mpasmwin exe q E TUT452 ASM 1 TUT452 1s e TUT452 Se les HPLAB IDENMCHIP Tools SCH ak exe C Program Files MPLAB IDEXMCHIP Tools IKRNISF 4521 rochip Technology Inc Ge 3 20 03 COFF to COD File Conv right c 2003 Microchip Technolo We ae SH a 3 20 03 COFF to HEX File Con Copyright el 2003 Microchip Techn dle pde m Loaded C Program Files MPLAB IDEMMCHIP_ Tools sEXAMPLESTut452 cof BUILD SUCCEEDED 3 7 SETTING DEBUG OPTIONS 3 7 1 Configuration Bits To set configuration bits to be programmed into the device select Configure gt Configuration Bits By clicking on the text in the Settings column these can be changed In this dialog the following configuration bits should be set for this tutorial e Oscillator EC OS2 as RAG this is for PICDEM 2 Plus if using another target change to match e OSC Switch Enable Disabled e Power Up Timer Enabled e Brown Out Detect Disabled e Watchdog Timer Disabled e CCP2 Mux RC1 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 39 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide e Low Voltage Programming Disabled e Background Debug Enabled This enables the in circuit debug features Normally this will be automatically enabled when MPLAB
46. er gt Run function or the Run icon forward arrow is usually pressed from MPLAB IDE MPLAB ICD 2 will raise the VPP MCLR line to allow the target to run the target will start from address zero and execute until the program counter reaches the breakpoint address previously stored in the internal debug registers DS51331A page 14 2003 Microchip Technology Inc How MPLAB ICD 2 Works After the instruction at the breakpoint address is executed the in circuit debug mechanism of the target PICmicro MCU fires and transfers the PICmicro MCU S program counter to the debug executive much like an interrupt and the users application is effectively halted MPLAB ICD 2 communicates with the debug executive via PGC and PGD gets the breakpoint status information and sends it back to the MPLAB IDE The MPLAB IDE then sends a series of queries to MPLAB ICD 2 to get information about the target PICmicro MCU such as file register contents and the state of the CPU These queries are ultimately performed by the debug executive The debug executive runs just like an application in program memory It uses some locations on the hardware stack usually just one or two and typically about fourteen file registers for its temporary variables If the PICmicro MCU does not run for whatever reason no oscillator faulty power supply shorts on the target board etc then the debug executive cannot communicate back to the MPLAB ICD 2 and
47. ess 0001 rather than 0000 A MPLAB ICD 2 stops at the instruction after the breakpoint This means that a breakpoint at address 0000 will be executed then the program counter will be pointing at address 0001 when it gets a breakpoint If a user needs to stop at the first instruction in their code they must put a NOP at address 0000 6 1 20 0 Why is my calibration memory displayed as the erase value A MPLAB IDE is displaying the default memory value A device read must be performed with MPLAB ICD 2 to display the actual value on the device 6 1 21 Q When single stepping through the code my timer times out but why does my timer interrupt routine not execute A When single stepping the in circuit debugger will not allow the PICmicro MCU to respond to interrupts If it did and users had external interrupts then single stepping would almost always end up in interrupt routines To debug an interrupt set a breakpoint inside the interrupt service routine and run to get a breakpoint after the interrupt DS51331A page 88 2003 Microchip Technology Inc AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Index A A 9 77 ISS ca EE 9 77 B BUNKRO EED A ie 85 SIE Ra 44 C Calibration Dala stl sata it 84 88 CALE FAS Edd ner 87 EE sto t o 10 Circuits That Interfere with MPLAB ICD 2 10 Code o ustal esse de ne duree 78 83 Gontiguration Bits nc 12 39 Connections A i 7 Creating A HEX o 39 Customer Change Notificati
48. for the product s mentioned in this book HIGHLIGHTS Topics covered in this guide e The Microchip Web Site e Customer Change Notification Service e Contact Information THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE On line support is provided on the Microchip web site at http www microchip com The web site is designed to make files and information easily available to customers To access the site the user must have Internet access and a web browser such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Explorer Files are also available for FTP download from an FTP site The file transfer site is available using an FTP program client connected to ftp ftp microchip com Users may download files for the latest development tools data sheets application notes user s guides articles and sample programs A list of Microchip sales offices and distributors is also available 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 1 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide Technical Support e Frequently Asked Questions FAQ e Online Discussion Groups Conferences for products development systems technical information and more e Microchip Consultant Program Member Listing e Links to other web sites related to Microchip products Developer s Toolbox e Design Tips e Device Errata Additional Information e Latest Microchip Press Releases e Listing of Seminars and Events e Job Postings CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE The customer notificatio
49. gram function from MPLAB IDE the debug executive will be downloaded and the in circuit debug registers in the target PICmicro MCU will be enabled Program ming should always be done from the Debug menu not the Programmer menu when debugging When programming from the Programmer menu after turning MPLAB ICD 2 off as a debugger the debug executive will not be downloaded and the in circuit debug registers will be disabled 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 77 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide By looking at the Config gt Configuration Bits menu selection it can be determined whether MPLAB is going to download the debug executive If the bits labeled Background Debug are enabled then the debug executive will be downloaded when the device is programmed 5 1 8 Link In Circuit Debug Registers Make sure that debug is enabled on the MPLAB ICD 2 dialog in MPLAB before programming a device By looking at the Config gt Configuration Bits dialog it can be verified that the in circuit debug registers are enabled The line labeled Background Debug should say Enabled Programming should be done from the Debug menu not the Programmer Menu 5 1 9 Link In Circuit Debug Resources Look at the specific registers used for a device in the on line help The file registers or program memory areas reserved by MPLAB ICD 2 can not be used If using the xxxxxi Ikr linker script name ends in i then unless the sc
50. he MPLAB ICD 2 to the modular connector on the target board There are six plns on the ICD connector but only five are used The diagram also shows the wiring from the connector to the PICmicro MCU device on the target PC board A pull up resistor usually around 10k Ohm is recommended to be connected from the VPP MCLR line to VDD so that the line may be strobed low to reset the PICmicro MCU FIGURE 1 2 MPLAB ICD 2 CONNECTIONS TO TARGET BOARD VDD PICXXXX VPP MCLR PGC PGD VSS Avon Connector rr nn Q ea ao Qe o Q eaQQQQQQz _ _ __o_z___ a aa eaAeoAa DS51331A page 8 O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc How MPLAB ICD 2 Works Although pin 2 VDD can supply a limited amount of power to the target application under certain conditions for the purposes of these descriptions pins 2 and 3 Vss are omitted They are shown on the diagram for completeness but In the following descriptions only three lines are active and relevant to core MPLAB ICD 2 operation VPP MCLR PGC and PGD In the following discussions VDD is ignored But be aware that the target VDD is also used to power the output drivers in MPLAB ICD 2 This allows level translation for target low voltage operation If MPLAB ICD 2 does not have voltage on its VDD line pin 2 of the ICD connector either from power being supplied to the target by MPLAB ICD 2 or from a separate target power supply it will not operate
51. hip Technology Inc Getting Started 2 7 1 Programming the Target Processor for Debugging To program the application projec s code into the MPLAB ICD 2 for debugging follow these steps 1 Select Debugger gt Settings and then click the Program tab to set the Start and End address of Program Memory for the application 2 Select Configure gt Configuration Bits and set the configuration bit settings appropriate to the target 3 Select Debugger gt Program 2 7 2 Debugging The Application To execute the code in real time 1 Open the source file double click on the file name in the Project Window or use File gt Open or program memory window View gt Program Memory for viewing 2 Select Debugger gt Run or click the toolbar Run button The processor will run until a breakpoint is reached or until the processor is halted by selecting Debugger gt Halt or clicking the toolbar Halt button select Debugger gt Breakpoints to specify the location for the breakpoint Or right click on the line of source code or program memory where the break is desired and select Set Break Point MPLAB ICD 2 allows only one breakpoint at a time After the processor is halted the code can be executed in step mode To step through a single statement of code select Debugger gt Step Into or click the toolbar Step Into button The processor halts after each step When single stepping interrupts are disabled so an interrupt routine will
52. ing correctly MPLAB ICD 2 must be connected to a PC It must be powered by an external power supply or the PC via the USB cable and it must be communicating with MPLAB IDE software via the RS 232 or USB cable See the on line help for details The MPLAB ICD 2 must be connected as shown to the VPP PGC and PGD pins of the target PICmicro MCU with the modular interface cable or equivalent VSS and VDD are also required to be connected between the MPLAB ICD 2 and target PICmicro MCU The target PICmicro MCU must have power and a functional running oscillator If the target PICmicro MCU does not run for whatever reason MPLAB ICD 2 cannot debug The target PICmicro MCU must have its configuration words programmed correctly The oscillator configuration bits should correspond to RC XT RC etc depending upon the target design The target PICmicro MCU must not have the Watchdog Timer enabled The target must not have code protection enabled The target must not have table read protection enabled DS51331A page 12 2003 Microchip Technology Inc How MPLAB ICD 2 Works 1 6 1 Seguence of Operations Leading to Debug Mode If the above conditions are met then these actions can be performed when MPLAB ICD 2 is set as the current debugger Debugger gt Select Tool When Debugger gt Program is selected the application code is programmed into the PICmicro MCU s memory via the ICSP protocol as described a
53. ion directory Also see the file Readme for MPLAB ICD 2 txt for the most current information about MPLAB ICD 2 After starting MPLAB IDE it will need to be configured for MPLAB ICD 2 use 1 Select a PlCmicro device supported by MPLAB ICD 2 2 Set MPLAB ICD 2 as the current debugger 3 Configure the MPLAB ICD 2 RS 232 or USB interface 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 21 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 2 4 3 Select the Device Use the Device Selection dialog Configure gt Select Device to select the device to be debugged with the MPLAB ICD 2 Devices supported by MPLAB ICD 2 will have a green light Icon next to MPLAB ICD 2 under Microchip Tool Support Devices not supported will have a red light icon A yellow light icon indicates that a part may be selected but it is available with possible limitations and may not be suitable for production work but is released for preliminary use with MPLAB ICD 2 2 4 4 Set MPLAB ICD 2 as the Debug Tool Select Debugger gt Select Tool gt MPLAB ICD 2 to choose MPLAB ICD 2 as the debug tool The Debugger menu and MPLAB IDE toolbar will change to display debug options once the tool is selected Also the Output window will open and messages concerning ICD status and communications will be displayed on the MPLAB ICD 2 tab Note MPLAB ICD 2 may be selected as either a debug tool Debugger Menu or a programmer Programmer menu Do not select both 2
54. ith an installation CD ECH or floppy disk insert it now What do pou want the wizard to do Install the software automatically Recommended Ce Install from a list or specific location Advanced Click Nest to continue Back Cancel DS51331A page 70 2003 Microchip Technology Inc USB Installation Details 4 4 5 Step 5 Make sure that Search for the best driver is selected Unselect Search removable media and check Include this location in the search Browse to the MPLAB IDE installation directory and select the subdirectory DriversXP ICD2_USB Click Next During the install a dialog will pop up stating The software you are installing for this hardware has not passed Windows Logo testing Click Continue Anyway FIGURE 4 18 WINDOWS XP NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 5 Found New Hardware Wizard Please choose your search and installation options a Y Search for the best driver in these locations Use the check boxes below to limit or expand the default search which includes local paths and removable media The best driver found will be installed Search removable media floppy CD ROM Iw Include this location in the search C Program Files MPLAB IDE Drivers PNICD2_ USE Browse Don t search will choose the driver to install Choose this option to select the device driver from a list Windows does not guarantee that the driver you choose will be th
55. ll be read and preserved by MPLAB ICD 2 when erasing programming and debugging No action is required to protect this data 6 1 11 Q Why am getting erratic values from my EEDATA area A MPLAB ICD 2 can read the EEDATA areas directly without going through the EECON register s required TABLRD sequence of instructions The buffers that MPLAB uses can sometimes interfere with the user s code Avoid going back and forth from program reads of data to MPLAB ICD 2 reads of the EEDATA area when single stepping code 6 1 12 Why is Erase All Before Programming grayed out A In some of the newer FLASH parts the programming algorithm requires that non contiguous areas of program memory are programmed in banks For these parts all memory must be erased before programming 6 1 13 Q Can my program read and write from Port B or GPIO without interfering with MPLAB ICD 2 A Yes When the in circuit debug facilities are enabled PGC and PGD are always used by MPLAB ICD 2 and user code that reads or writes from PORT B will not interfere Note that the values read from PGC and PGD are not necessarily valid and writes to these two pins will be ignored In addition if interrupts are enabled for changes on Port B signals on PGC and PGD will not cause an interrupt DS51331A page 84 2003 Microchip Technology Inc FAQs 6 1 14 Q Why are the timers behaving erratically when single stepping A This is one of the draw
56. n service helps customers stay current on Microchip products After subscribing an e mail notification will be sent whenever a change update revision or errata is released related to the specific product family or development tool Access the Microchip web site www microchip com and click on Customer Change Notification then follow the instructions to register The Development Systems product categories are listed below Compilers Current information on Microchip C compilers and other language tools Including MPLAB C17 MPLAB C18 and MPLAB C30 C Compilers MPASM and MPLAB ASM30 assemblers MPLINK and MPLAB LINK30 linkers and MPLIB and MPLAB LIB30 librarians Emulators Current information on Microchip in circuit emulators Including MPLAB ICE 2000 and MPLAB ICE 4000 DS51331A page 2 2003 Microchip Technology Inc Customer Support In circuit Debuggers Current Information on Microchip in circuit debuggers Including MPLAB ICD and MPLAB ICD 2 MPLAB IDE Current information on Microchip MPLAB IDE the Windows Integrated Development Environment for development systems tools This list is focused on the MPLAB IDE MPLAB SIM simulator MPLAB IDE Project Manager and general editing and debugging features Programmers Current information on Microchip PICmicro MCU device programmers Including PRO MATE II device programmer and PICSTART Plus development programmer CONTACT INFORMATI
57. n the driver folders and point the driver wizard to the correct folder 6 1 9 Can use code protection with MPLAB ICD 2 6 1 10 How does MPLAB ICD 2 deal with Calibration Data 6 1 11 Why am getting erratic values from my EEDATA area 6 1 12 Why is Erase All Before Programming grayed out 6 1 13 Can my program read and write from Port B or GPIO without interfering with MPLAB ICD 2 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 79 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 6 1 14 Why are the timers behaving erratically when single stepping 6 1 15 Why am getting warnings and errors when using the PIC12F629 675 or PIC16F630 676 6 1 16 What would make the power and busy LED blink on and off 6 1 17 What does the MPLAB ICD 2 Self Test do 6 1 18 Why are the W STATUS and BSR registers getting changed when using high priority interrupts with the RETF TE instruction 6 1 19 When setting a breakpoint at the first location in my program why does it stop at address 0001 rather than 0000 6 1 20 Why is my calibration memory displayed as the erase value 6 1 21 When single stepping through the code my timer times out but why does my timer interrupt routine not execute 6 1 1 Q Why does my system fail to program or verify A Check out the PGC PGD and VPP connections and voltages as described in Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Make sure the target PICmicro MCU has power applied If the target PICmicro MCU has AVSS and
58. nction as a debugger without being connected to a target Power adapter s To power MPLAB ICD 2 and the target application 2 4 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING MPLAB IDE FOR MPLAB ICD 2 Note When using the USB cable do not connect it before installing MPLAB IDE software To install the MPLAB IDE software first acquire the latest MPLAB IDE installation executable MP6xxxx exe where 6xxxx represents the version of MPLAB IDE from either the Microchip web site www microchip com or the MPLAB IDE CD ROM D551123 2 4 1 Setting Up Communications Follow the instructions supplied with MPLAB IDE and install the USB driver from the DriversXX folder under MPLAB IDE See Chapter 4 USB Installation Details If using the RS 232 cable connect it to the MPLAB ICD 2 and the PC DS51331A page 20 2003 Microchip Technology Inc Getting Started Note Do not connect both USB and RS 232 cables to MPLAB ICD 2 2 4 2 Starting MPLAB IDE After installing the MPLAB IDE software invoke it by using any of these methods e Select Start gt Programs gt Microchip MPLAB IDE gt MPLAB IDE e Double click the MPLAB IDE desktop icon e Execute the file mplab exe in the d11s subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory For more information on using the MPLAB IDE software see MPLAB v6 xx Quick Start DS51281 The on line help for MPLAB IDE The file Readme for MPLAB IDE txt included in the MPLAB IDE installat
59. nd a new hardware device There may also be a dialog box that informs the user that a device data base is being built or updated After these dialogs appear the Found New Hardware Wizard dialog box is displayed Click Next to continue the installation FIGURE 4 7 WINDOWS 2000 NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 1 Found New Hardware Wizard Welcome to the Found New Hardware Wizard This wizard helps you install a device driver for a hardware device To continue click Next E Cancel 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 59 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 4 3 2 Step 2 Make sure that Search for a suitable driver is selected and click Next FIGURE 4 8 WINDOWS 2000 NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 2 Found New Hardware Wizard Install Hardware Device Drivers A device driver is a software program that enables a hardware device to work with an operating system This wizard will complete the installation for this device ZE USB Device A device driver iz a software program that makes a hardware device work Windows needs driver files for your new device To locate driver files and complete the installation click Next What do you want the wizard to do Search for a suitable driver for my device recommended Display a list of the known drivers for this device so that can choose a specific driver Cancel Note In the event that subsequent steps fail to find or recognize the IN
60. nnections Debug Mode Requirements for Debug Mode Debug Reserved Resources Programmer Mode O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 5 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 1 3 ICD vs ICE The in circuit debugger ICD is a cost efficient alternative to an in circuit emulator ICE It can do many things that were previously done only with more expensive hardware but the cost benefits come with a trade off of some of the conveniences of an in circuit emulator If users are willing to design their application to be ICD compatible they can enjoy the benefits of a low cost hardware debugger As opposed to an ICE some of the requirements of the in circuit debugger are e The in circuit debugger requires exclusive use of some hardware and software resources of the target e The target PICmicro MCU must have a functioning clock and be running e The ICD can debug only when all the links in the system are fully functional An emulator provides memory and a clock and can run code even without being connected to the target application board During the development and debugging cycle an ICE provides the most power to get the system fully functional whereas an ICD may not be able to debug at all if the application does not run On the other hand an in circuit debug connector can be placed on the application board and connected to an ICD even after the system is In production allowing easy testing debugging and reprogram ming
61. on Gervice 2 D Retter RU 15 77 82 Debug Mode Requirements izol rata uno oo nn 12 Sequence Of Operations LR 13 Rettel 78 Debug ReSOUrCeS ad 78 Debud TOON s st kn tios 22 DCD UGG Id ta 27 44 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 89 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide DEMO Cla e WEE 41 Drivers Are Not Found tinca 83 E Enable Debian e i 40 Erase All Before Program 41 Erase All Before Programming 84 F FastlnteruUblS es den ne 78 A ae ni 74 G Getting Started ncninennacini n 5 19 31 53 73 79 OPERA da ut 85 A A 79 84 Green levita ne eet nao 22 33 H Reader BOLO s r 17 POMPON een ee eee renee er tie eee ae ere oer eee 87 i ICD A O 7 welle Ee 80 CS S i I ee nt au 74 Se NOD a ob dia 6 Jee 12 17 In circuit Debug Registers nn0nnonnnannennnnnnnnnrrnrnnnnennrrnrennennne 17 We Le DEE 20 CH een erte NEE 8 Internal Buffer Circuits MPLAB ICD 2 15 Jaeger 1 Jett e E 85 8 DS51331A page 90 2003 Microchip Technology lnc L Loading Program and Debug Code 42 kocale TOOS RT e Le EE 37 LOW VONAGO E 79 82 RO 79 83 M Microchip Internet Web Site A 1 Modular Interface Cable nono 7 12 MPASM Assembler ees e 35 O Oscillator La A 76 P A 9 80 TE E NE EE E A A hare eee ee ee ae 9 80 O 31 PICDEM 2 Plus Demo Board 31 FO Bl set a Saat 79 84 RONO AS 76 81 Programi Mode tacto dede 17 Program Tab MPLAB ICD 2 Settings Dialog 40 Programei EEN 20 Fe FOO Fam Un Le
62. p Technology lnc Troubleshooting 5 1 3 Link ICD 2 to Target PlCmicro Verify that all lines are connected and that no other signals or components are interfering with ICD signals on VPP PGC and PGD If MPLAB ICD 2s VDD and Vss lines are not connected to the target power and ground it will not work MPLAB ICD 2 can provide VDD to the target lt 200mA 5 volts only and to these output buffers when providing power to the target circuit selected by the Debugger gt Settings dialog Power tab Power target circuit from MPLAB ICD 2 Otherwise the target s VDD will be used VDD is sensed by MPLAB ICD 2 to check that voltage levels are correct Powering from the target VDD allows level translation for target low voltage operation A simplified circuit for the internal buffer circuits of MPLAB ICD 2 is shown in Figure 5 2 FIGURE 5 2 MPLAB ICD 2 INTERNAL BUFFER CIRCUITS Target VDD to pin 2 of the ICD Connector 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 75 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide If MPLAB ICD 2 does not have voltage on its VDD line pin 2 of the ICD connector it will not operate Using a scope communications on PGC and PGD with a full target VDD to VSS peak to peak waveform should be seen VPP should show 12 5 and OV levels depending upon the operation being performed Signals should be seen on those lines only after performing an MPLAB ICD 2 function from the MPLAB user interface Otherwise all the
63. r may need to connect the power supply The RS 232 connection from the PC cannot supply power to MPLAB ICD 2 but a USB connection can Note that some USB hubs cannot supply power Check the on line help for current troubleshooting hints Are the USB drivers installed properly The MPLAB ICD 2 USB driver should be visible in the Windows Device Manager dialog see Figure 6 1 Some USB hubs cannot supply power to the attached USB devices A power supply will need to be connected to MPLAB ICD 2 with these hubs FIGURE 6 1 SYSTEM PROPERTIES DIALOG System Properties E 2 x General Device Manager Hardware Profiles Performance e View devices by type View devices by connection EH Ka Sound video and game controllers Intel 823714B EB PCI to USB Universal Host Controller Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Fi Cli USB Root Hub 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 81 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 6 1 4 Q ICD 2 responds with Target not in debug mode error What does this mean A Usually this means that MPLAB ICD 2 cannot communicate with the debug executive The debug executive can only be downloaded by programming the target PICmicro MCU with the user s application from the Debugger gt Program menu selection There are other reasons that the debug executive might not be able to communicate such as target clock or power supply problems Check the configuration bits to see that the Background Debug is ena
64. ript has been modified these resources will be marked reserved and will not be available to the application If the linker is not being used use CBLOCK or EQUS for variable storage in the code make sure that registers required by MPLAB ICD 2 are not used The in circuit debugger will not work if code protect or table read protect is enabled if the Watchdog Timer is running or if the oscillator is not set to the correct mode by the configuration bits If using fast interrupts or the CALL FAST instruction MPLAB ICD 2 uses the shadow stack and users will not be able to exit properly from the fast interrupt routine or CALL FAST function DS51331A page 78 2003 Microchip Technology Inc AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 6 FAQs 6 1 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS These issues are covered in this chapter on frequently asked questions FAQ 6 1 1 Why does my system fail to program or verify 6 1 2 Why do need the ICD header adapters 6 1 3 can t connect to MPLAB ICD 2 What do do now 6 1 4 ICD 2 responds with Target not in debug mode error What does this mean 6 1 5 Can MPLAB ICD 2 operate with a target device running at low voltage 6 1 6 Does MPLAB ICD 2 support Low Voltage Programming LVP 6 1 7 Why do have problems when configuring the PLL Oscillator MPLAB ICD 2 gets hung up 6 1 8 When try to install why are the drivers not found even though can see them i
65. rogrammed into the target PICmicro MCU The second uses the internal in circuit debug hardware of the target FLASH PlCmicro MCU to run and test the application program These two steps are directly related to the MPLAB IDE operations 1 Programming the code into the target 2 Using the debugger to set breakpoints and run If the target PICmicro MCU cannot be programmed correctly MPLAB ICD 2 will not be able to debug Figure 1 4 shows the basic interconnections required for programming Note that this is the same as Figure 1 2 but for the sake of clarity the VDD and Vss lines from MPLAB ICD 2 are not shown FIGURE 1 4 PROPER CONNECTIONS FOR PROGRAMMING e Programming VDD Voltage MEAE ED LA VPP MCLR Internal Circuits 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 11 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide A simplified diagram of some of the internal interface circuitry of the MPLAB ICD 2 is shown For programming no clock is needed on the target PICmicro MCU but power must be supplied When programming MPLAB ICD 2 puts programming levels on VPP sends clock pulses on PGC and serial data via PGD To verify that the part has been programmed correctly clocks are sent to PGC and data is read back from PGD This conforms to the ICSP protocol of the PICmicro MCU under development 1 6 REQUIREMENTS FOR DEBUG MODE To debug set breakpoints see registers etc with the MPLAB ICD 2 there are critical elements that must be work
66. rom a fast interrupt or fast CALL routine because the ICD will overwrite the shadow stack when it gets a breakpoint DS51331A page 16 2003 Microchip Technology Inc How MPLAB ICD 2 Works 1 8 PROGRAMMER MODE When using the Programmer gt Program selection to program a device the in circuit debug registers should be disabled in the MPLAB IDE so the MPLAB ICD 2 will program only the target application code and the configuration bits and EEPROM data if available and selected into the target PICmicro MCU The debug executive will not be loaded In this mode the MPLAB ICD 2 can only toggle the MCLR line to reset and start the target A breakpoint cannot be set and register contents cannot be seen or altered The MPLAB ICD 2 programs the target using ICSP No clock is required while programming and all modes of the processor can be programmed including code protect Watchdog Timer enabled and table read protect A header board is required to debug smaller pin count parts with the MPLAB ICD 2 These parts can be programmed without the header by connecting the VPP PGC and PGD lines as described previously a 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 17 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide NOTES DS51331A page 18 2003 Microchip Technology lnc AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Chapter 2 Getting Started 2 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter will describe the use of MPLAB IDE software with MP
67. ry co Programming succeeded MPLAB ICD 2 Ready DS51331A page 42 2003 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial 3 10 RUNNING TUT452 MPLAB ICD 2 executes in real time or In step mode e Real time execution occurs when the PIC18F452 in the PICDEM 2 Plus demo board is put in the MPLAB IDE s Run mode e Step mode execution can be accessed after the processor is halted These toolbar buttons can be used for quick access to commonly used debug operations Debugger Menu Toolbar Buttons BE Begin in real time mode 1 Open the TUT452 asm file double click on the file name in the Project Window or use File gt Open 2 Select Debugger gt Run or click the Run toolbar button 3 On the demo board turn the arrow on the potentiometer RAO Observe the LEDs If the program were working correctly the user would see a binary representation of the voltage value across the potentiometer However there is a bug in the TUT452 program Section 3 11 will detail debugging the code and correcting it 4 Select Debugger gt Halt or click the Halt toolbar button to stop the program execution 5 Select Debugger gt Reset to reset the program 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 43 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 3 11 DEBUGGING TUT452 Any of the following can prevent the TUT452 program from working e The A D converter value is not being properly written to PORTB LEDs e The A D converter
68. s reserved by the ICD are released for use by the application To program the application follow these steps 1 Disable MPLAB ICD 2 as a debug tool by selecting Debugger gt Select Tool gt none 2 Select MPLAB ICD 2 as the programmer in Programmer gt Select Tool menu 3 Optional Set up the ID in Configure gt ID Memory Figure 3 15 DS51331A page 48 2003 Microchip Technology lnc MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial FIGURE 3 15 USER ID MEMORY DIALOG User ID Memory User ID 641 00000 coca teo 4 Setup the parameters for programming on the Programmer gt Settings Program tab 5 Select Programmer gt Program Now MPLAB ICD 2 can reset and run the target MPLAB ICD 2 can also be disconnected from the target after selecting the reset button the application will run 3 13 TUT452 MAIN ROUTINE AND SOURCE CODE The main routine of TUT452 asm Figure 3 15 begins by configuring PORTB the A D module and Timero It then waits for a Timer0 overflow to start the A D conversion of the value from the potentiometer When the conversion is complete the value is displayed on the LEDs and the program loops back to wait for another Timer0 overflow to start another A D conversion For more information on A D module operation and a list of related application notes refer to the P Cmicro 18C MCU Family Reference Manual DS39500 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 49 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide FIGURE 3 16
69. se lines should be idle and noise free 5 1 4 Link Target Power MPLAB ICD 2 can work within a range of about 2V to 5 5V on the target PICmicro MCU s VDD The application must be powered by its own power supply Remember that the PGC and PGD I O drivers in MPLAB ICD 2 are powered from the target VDD see Figure 5 2 5 1 5 Link Target Oscillator When programming a device it will program without a running oscillator but the debug function will not work unless the target oscillator is functioning Unlike an in circuit emulator while debugging MPLAB ICD 2 requires that the target PICmicro MCU be running Testing may be necessary to make sure that the target system is executing instructions properly For instance a small program could be written to flash an LED and then programmed into the target PICmicro MCU with MPLAB ICD 2 debug disabled Disconnect the ICD and reset the target If the LED does not flash check out the circuitry to find out why it s not operating If MPLAB ICD 2 is connected after programming the target with debug disabled MPLAB can still toggle the reset If it runs standalone but not with ICD connected after selecting Debugger gt Run in the MPLAB IDE then the interconnections may be suspicious Use a scope to look at PGC PGD and VPP Make sure that the oscillator starts up quickly If it takes too long to get the target oscillator started then MPLAB ICD 2 can time out and give errors DS51331A page 76 O
70. t DS39564 section on A D indicates that the last bit should be a one not a zero to turn the A D module on To fix this bug change movlwB 01000000 Fosc 8 A D enabled to movlwB 01000001 Fosc 8 A D enabled 12 Select File gt Save to save the changes O 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 47 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 13 Select Project gt Build All to rebuild the project A message will indicate that the program has been rebuilt The MPLAB ICD 2 must be reprogrammed for the changes to take effect 14 Select Debugger gt Program to reprogram the MPLAB ICD 2 with the changes When the MPLAB ICD 2 dialog indicates Programming succeeded the program is ready to run again 15 Right click on the line of code that previously had the breakpoint now indicated by a red stop sign outline Select Remove Break Point 16 Select Debugger gt Run or click the Run toolbar button to run the program in real time mode Turn the potentiometer RAO to change the value displayed on the LEDs The source code in this tutorial contained only one bug However real code may have more Using the MPLAB ICD 2 and MPLAB IDE debugging functions users can successfully find and fix the problems in their code 3 12 PROGRAMMING THE APPLICATION When the program is successfully debugged and running usually the next step is to program the PICmicro MCU for stand alone operation in the finished design When doing this the resource
71. t guarantee that the driver you choose will be the best match for pour hardware lt Back Cancel DS51331A page 68 2003 Microchip Technology Inc USB Installation Details 4 4 3 Step 3 The Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard will appear once the Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Loader has been installed Click Finish to end this installation and begin the install of the Firmware Client FIGURE 4 16 WINDOWS XP NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 3 Found New Hardware Wizard Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard The wizard has finished installing the software for Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Loader Click Finish to close the wizard Back Cancel 2003 Microchip Technology lnc DS51331A page 69 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 4 4 4 Step 4 A dialog box will appear indicating that the system completed adding a hardware device immediately followed by the statement that it has found a new hardware device After this dialog appears the Found New Hardware Wizard dialog box is displayed again this time to install the Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Client Select Install from a list or specific location Advanced and click Next to continue the installation FIGURE 4 17 WINDOWS XP NEW HARDWARE WIZARD 4 Found New Hardware Wizard Welcome to the Found New Hardware Wizard This wizard helps vou install software for Microchip MPLAB ICD 2 Firmware Client IE your hardware came w
72. t have a clock With no clock debug mode will not function Also if power is not removed and reconnected when switching to PLL mode the device may run but without the PLL multiplier 6 1 8 Q When l try to install why are the drivers not found even though I can see them in the driver folders and I point the driver wizard to the correct folder A This problem can be solved by exiting from the driver install wizard and going to the Control Panel Add New Hardware selection After the system searches for new hardware choose No the device isn t in the list Then choose No want to select the hardware from a list Then choose Universal Serial Bus Controller and when the Have Disk button appears go to the driver folder and select the proper driver 6 1 9 Q Can I use code protection with MPLAB ICD 2 A No Code protection especially table read protection on any area in program memory will prevent MPLAB ICD 2 from functioning Do not use any code protection or table read protection configuration settings when debugging with MPLAB ICD 2 Code protection can be enabled when programming a part for testing without MPLAB ICD 2 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS51331A page 83 MPLAB ICD 2 Users Guide 6 1 10 Q How does MPLAB ICD 2 deal with Calibration Data A It is automatically handled Any values that are in program memory that are used by the PICmicro MCU for calibration data wi
73. uide 2 6 Overview Setting Up the Environment 29 2 7 Overview MPLAB ICD 2 Development PROCESS oa 26 Chapter 3 MPLAB ICD 2 Tutorial ST MOUCHO s le J1 39 2 UNIONES seais 31 3 3 Setting Up The Environment 32 3 4 Running the Project Wizard 35 3 5 Viewing the Project occoocccccncccncccncocncoononos 38 3 6 Creating a HEX File cooocccccccccccocccccccncnos 39 3 7 Setting Debug Options seneenseneenenerrerrennn 39 3 8 Setting Up the Demo Board 41 3 9 Loading Program Code For Debugging 42 3 10 Running TU TAS EE 43 3 11 Debugging TUT452 0 0 ccc eeceeeeeeees 44 3 12 Programming the Application 48 3 13 TUT452 Main Routine and Source Code 49 Chapter 4 USB Installation Details Al INTO CHO rta a 53 4 2 Windows 98 and Windows ME Installation 54 4 3 Windows 2000 Installation 59 4 4 Windows XP Installation 66 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 5 1 What To Do ln Case of Trouble 13 Chapter 6 FAQs 6 1 Frequently Asked Questions 79 F6 0 EE 89 World Wide Sales and Service 96 DS51331A page iv 2003 Microchip Technology Inc AN MPLAB ICD 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Customer Support INTRODUCTION This chapter details how to obtain support

MPLAB ICD 2 In-Circuit Debugger User's Guide

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