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KID NEURO PLC User's Manual

1. Table 2 14 Connector Type Description 24V terminai 4 5 mm Auxiliary power supply to the analog outputs module 1 terminal 1 5 mm Analog output 1 1 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 2 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 2 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 3 terminal 1 5 mm Analog output 2 3 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 4 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 4 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 2 18 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Table 2 14 Cont 5 terminal 1 5 mm Analog output 3 5 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 6 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 6 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 7 terminal 1 5 mm Analog output 4 7 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 84 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground 8 terminal 1 5 mm Common ground Table 2 15 LED Type Description 24VIOK ed Constantly ON at the presence of power supply voltage connected to the module 1 ON at the presence of a load OFF case of error at analog output 1 2 ON at the presence of a load OFF case of error at analog output 2 3 TT ON at the presence of a load OFF in case of error at analog output 3 4 PE ON at the presence of a load OFF in case of error at analog output 4 5 The light intensity is proportional to the current 9 through analog output 1
2. 2 4 44 4222 2 2 7 6 7 5 INTERFACE MENU COMMANDS 24242 2 2 7 6 7 6 EDIT TYPE MENU COMMANDS 1 2 22 2 7 7 7 7 EDIT COMMENTARY MENU 85 7 11 7 8 TABLES MENU COMMANDS 4 2 1 7 11 7 9 WINDOW MENU COMMAND 2 1 2 7 14 7 10 HELP MENU COMMAND 1 1 4 2 4 2 7 14 7 11 BUTTONS TOLL BAR MENU 5 7 14 7 12 MAIN BUTTONS 2 0 000 7 14 7 13 LADDER COMMANDS QUICK ENTRY KEYS 7 15 CHAPTER 8 CONFIGURATION amp DIAGNOSTIC OF KID NEURO PLC GENERAL enu dvo pq oe aeta dus 8 1 8 1 CHANGING KID NEURO PLC NUMBER mee 8 1 8 2 CONNECTING KID NEURO PLC TO KID BUS NETWORK 8 2 8 3 CHECK KID NEURO PLC 8 2 8 4 SELECTING OF ANALOG INPUT RANGES AND OF LINERIZATION TABLES 8 4 8 5 SETTING OF ASTRONOMICAL CLOCK OF KID 8 6 8 6 SETTING
3. Reading of discrete inputs from PLC programmer Mode Program Reading discrete inputs Writing to the outputs Start of PLC cycle Fig 3 3 Executing the user program Writing to the outputs 3 4 SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE KID NEURO PLC OPERATION The KID Neuro PLC executes the functions set in the user program after the sequential logic cycle due to the fact that the execution of these functions takes much longer the execution of the user functions is practically impossible to be completed within a single controller cycle in case mathematical functions are performed 1 ms is dedicated within each cycle for the executions of the functions The results from the execution of the functions may be used by the user program only after the calculations are completed No time is allocated in case no functions are queried The KID Neuro PLC may execute also fast programs It is executed under interrupt and is started by the positive edge at the high speed counter input F11 The sequence of loading of the commands has an effect on the execution of the user program KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 3 5 Example Y1 Y2 a EB Fig 3 4 The results are stored into internal variables during the execution of the user program The Y1 digital output bit of the first loop will be set to 1 and the second loop to 0 Only after the user program is completed the state of the internal variables is trans
4. Ee taata arasat 2 17 2 9 CONNECTION OF ANALOG OUTPUTS 2 17 2 10 CONNECTION OF REMOTE I O MODULES TO THE KID NEURO PLC 2 20 2 11 CONNECTION OF INTELLIGENT SENSORS TO KID NEURO PLC 2 21 2 11 71 Using the L nWorks Protocol oe Ebo eee od ee oe eR cns 2 21 2 11 2 Using the HART Protocol ttt nette tke pd 2 21 2 12 CONNECTION OF OTHER PLC COMPATIBLE WITH RS485 INTERFACE TO KID NEURO oo secs tenido tero teta edet cd dade etd cente dk denne 2 22 CHAPTER 3 KID NEURO PLC OPERATION MODES 3 1 KID NEURO PLC OPERATIONAL 5 3 1 3 1 1 Program Mode A O 3 1 3 1 2 RE M 3 1 3 1 3 erede EM 3 1 3 1 4 Debug Modern oes ver nda ie opens San oe 3 1 3 1 5 oro ECCE 3 2 3 2 RESETTING THE KID 42 42 4 21 2400 22 22 3 2 3 3 KID NEURO PLC CYCLE caanoe cep or vente one nel ated erase He ea 3 3 3 4 SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE KID NEURO PLC OPERATION 3 5 CHAPTER 4 KID NEURO PLC PROGRAMMER 4 1 KID SERIES PLC S PROGRAMMER 2 4 42 024222 4 1 4 2 HARDWARE CONF
5. is the process variable difference for moment n APVn 1 PVn 1 PVn 2 is the process variable difference for moment n 1 Ts pVn is the process variable at the moment n T pva is the process variable at the moment n 1 Ts pva2 is the process variable at the moment n 2 and the rest of the abbreviations are the same as above This algorithm is referred to as Velocity PID algorithm 6 4 2 2 Entering PID Data Each PID controller occupies 20 V cells with consecutive numbers If n is the number of the first V cell the Process Variable the rest of the cells are arranged as shown in the Table below also refer to Fig 6 83 Table 6 3 V cell Field Description Va Process Variable Current value pv Viet Set Point Target sp Unbalance error KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 73 Table 6 3 Cont Vines UP Dev Upper deviation upper dead band limit or upper dead zone limit DN Dev Lower deviation lower dead band limit or lower dead zone limit Vines UP Alarm Upper alarm Vn 6 DN Alarm Lower alarm x0 1s Sampling time the controller cycle Vines Vn 9 K float Controller gain floating point Vn Vn t1 Ti s float Isodrome time floating point Vn 2 Tals float Advance time floating point Vn 44 OUT
6. Non linearity error 0 01 Temperature error 150 uV C voltage 150 n A C current Current consumption 40 to 60 mA Connector Terminal 1 5 mm Interfaces LonWorks RS 232 Protection IP20 Nominal temperature range 20 C to 85 C Electromagnetic compatibility IEC 1131 2 IEC 801 Level 2 Dimensions 66mm x 126 mm x 150mm KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 1 3 Table 1 1 Cont Approx 800g for KID Neuro PLC with 1 input output sections 2 input output modules and approx 400g for each additional input output module Weight 1 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE KID NEURO PLC MODULES 1 2 1 Motherboard The motherboard holds and connects all other modules The length of the motherboard depends on the number of the input output modules and may vary between 56 mm KID Neuro PLC without input output modules and 7x56mm KID Neuro PLC with 12 input output modules The motherboard incorporates connectors used to install the processor power supply and input output modules 1 2 2 Processor Module The processor module is an obligatory component of the KID Neuro PLC and is installed by the manufacturer It is located at the extreme left part of the motherboard 1 2 3 Power Supply Module The power supply PCB is an obligatory component of the KID Neuro PLC and is installed by the manuf
7. Constants Constant values within the range from 32768 to 32767 Logic operands Table 5 2 Identifier Range Description X1 X128 A logic variable corresponding to a digital input The digital inputs which are not actual physical inputs of the KID Neuro PLC may be used as internal relays Y1 Y128 A logic variable corresponding to a digital output The digital output which are not actual physical outputs of the KID Neuro PLC may be used as internal relays R1 R256 A logic variable corresponding to an internal relay R1 R40 volatile internal relays 0 on reset R41 R256 non volatile internal relays which are stored in an RAM type non volatile memory ZZZ TT Integer operand bits V cells where ZZZ N cell number TT bit number The bit with the smallest number bit 0 is assumed to be the least significant bit LSB and the bit with the largest number bit 15 as the most significant bit MSB 5 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 4 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS The KID Neuro PLC user programs are subject to the following limitations Table 5 3 Parameter Limitation Volume of the basic user program About 1200 steps Volume of the fast program under interrupt 500 bytes about 60 steps User program scanning cycle typically bet
8. Lint 6th 0 Integer Result Mis o PEER EEE Integer KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 67 6 68 Mathematics 5 vor vor I NENNEN nor Mathematics Fig 6 77 nm Imc 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Fig 6 79 Example 6 17 Generate the following mathematical function 1 lt gt V12 High limit 2000 1300 V4 n Low limit 600 The condition is given by X1 The R Y Ready is provided by 1 Solution Call the dialog box Fig 6 76 as already explained Start entry of the constant 1300 in the 1 st operand field You will see that this entry is rejected The reason Remember the first operand must be an integer operand V cell Therefore the equation must be rearranged as follows 1 High limit 2000 lt gt V12 V4 1300 V8 Low limit 600 Now start again Enter V4 into the 1 st operand field Select from NOP field and enter the 2 2 operation sign Skip over 2 nd operand select from NOP field below and enter the operation sign Enter the constant 1300 into the 3 rd operand field Select from NOP field and enter the operation sign Enter V8 in the 4 th operand field Select from NOP field the z 1 2 operation sign Skip over 5 th operand field select from NOP field
9. sss 5 11 BINARY ARITHMETIC 1 iine a etude E Pro e p uiae 5 12 CHAPTER 6 GENERATION OF USER PROGRAMS 6 1 6 2 6 2 1 6 2 2 6 3 6 3 1 6 3 2 6 3 3 6 3 4 6 3 5 6 3 6 6 3 7 6 3 8 6 3 9 6 3 10 6 3 11 6 3 12 6 3 13 6 4 6 4 1 6 4 2 6 4 2 1 6 4 2 2 6 4 2 3 6 4 3 6 4 3 1 GENERATION OF USER PROGRAMS 6 1 GENERATION OF LADDER LOGIC CIRCUITS 6 2 Entering Simple Circutts ae trt Rar t EE RR Ran Bom de bu Re 6 3 Entering or Complex CIFCUlls e ite etu t detta tee ora Ene rM ob ede Gems sett 6 8 ENTERING OF CIRCUITS CONTAINING FUNCTIONAL 8 6 13 TER oon teeta ase ttes ooh tiro totis tL ote uae EIL tur Ub Mord 6 15 GOUNTER vr e T TD 6 22 6 25 6 27 BLOCK MOVE urb davon ovd equo qubd cuenca nei aq alo etd icol o e RR RR Dd 6 29 ido e 6 33 6 35 SUBTRACT S centem ee cence ns ote crt costes reperies LIES 6 38 aq db vada b PE tta aab va a be tate te ors 6 41 NT Nr UE M UR HE MO T 6 43 DH NN 6 46 S usada d UR D
10. 01 condition 02 R Y for execution 03 R Y for error O4 the first of the successive logic or integer operands which will be transferred and stored in the target controller O5 the first of the successive logic or integer operands in the memory of the target controller where the data will be stored C CF number N number of the target controller L number of logic operands or the number of the bytes subject to the transfer Entering Select the Comm WRITE from Kidbar A list is displayed from which to choose the function number Position the cursor on the desired number The file of the Comm WRITE communication function is displayed on the screen Fig 6 102 Note Its is recommended to enter the communication functions series with the smallest possible number Communication Write No 1 X Write to fi Controller No m Condition KYR Start Read from f SY RN Info Er R Y Length o Byte Start Write t Result R Y KY B M Fig 6 102 Enter the target controller number in the Write to Controller No field Select a number from 1 to 32 or BROADCAST the relevant data are stored in all controllers within the network 6 92 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual The execution condition logic operand X Y or R is entered into the Condition field The first of the series of logic or integer operands which must be transferred to the target controller is e
11. Ladder logic a combination of contacts and coils connected in a circuit designed by the user Functional blocks Arithmetic operations Logic operations The sequential logic is loaded in the KID Neuro PLC memory as a series of commands which are executed in the order they were loaded The portion of the user program which is allocated to sequential logic is subdivided into about 1200 sections called steps Thus each command is located at a specific step of the user program Each series of commands is displayed on the screen as a circuit loop A circuit loop shall mean an entity of ladder logic and functional blocks situated between the left and the right bus the left hand bus being always considered as primary Depending on the order of loading of the commands one and the same loop may be represented in several ways There are three types of functions Mathematical functions controller Communication functions The functions are executed as a background program due to the long period of time needed for their execution The KID Neuro PLC checks for function queries and may proceed with their execution only after the end of the sequential logic processing cycle 1 ms of each controller cycle is allocated for function execution Thus the series of functions will be completed within several controller cycles The functions are entered by filing data into specialized files 5 2 FAST PROGRAM UNDER INTERRUP
12. Therefore next step MUST be Step 8 SAVE THE DESIGN VERSION OF THE PROGRAM IN YOUR HARD DISK The reason for doing this can be explained in short as follows During the tuning and debug procedures as well as during the regular execution of the program certain changes in the initially set values and constants may take place Therefore when re loading the program from the PLC it may differ drastically from the original Design Version Now you can save load the program to the PLC Step 9 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 87 Click File and select Save to Controller option the Save to PLC Dialog Box appears as shown in Fig 6 98 i Dest Dagger p reje raig Times tI Tet Is Uere erect mile ipf6 9 Saye TO Fig 6 98 Click PLC Mode and select Program mode Click Save to PLC button wait some time necessary for loading Writ in flash Window appears Click OK to execute saving to PLC Delete the Save to PLC window Click PLC Services and select PID Screen the Dialog screen appears with the graphs of process variable PV set point SP PID output OUT and PID delta output dOUT Now select the colours the scaling and the timing of the graph according your convenience and preference Select PLC WORK mode MANUAL CONTROL By entering proper values for PID output into the Manual Control PID Out field trail smoothly the process variable value towards the set point value 6
13. KIDBUS Modem NT KIDBUS Local Connect to LonWorks Remote IP Connect to LonWorks Remote NSI Connect to LonWorks Disconnect ron LonWorks Fig 7 8 KIDBUS the KIDCOM exe is started in case KIDBUS protocol is selected 7 6 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Modem the vsok exe is used in case MODEM connection is established NT KIDBUS the RS Driver exe in case this menu item is selected Local Connect to LonWorks connect locally to LonWorks Server Remote IP Connect to LonWorks connect remotely to LonWorks Server via IP Internet Protocol Remote NSI Connect to LonWorks connect remotely to LonWorks Server via NSI Network Service Interface 7 6 EDIT TYPE MENU COMMANDS By clicking the Edit Type menu button the following menu list appears Edit Type Edit Commer Selection v Commentary v Standart Names User Names Fig 7 9 There are two basic edit types Selection and Commentary Let s start with COMMENTARY Edit Type First click Commentary the sign v shows that Commentary edit mode is selected and the Selection edit mode is disabled The following edition procedures can be executed A Write in commentaries Generate the program shown in Fig 7 10 1 R1 V1 1 Y1 E Y1 x2 V2 2 Y R2 tt Y Y 1 Fig 7 10 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 7 7 In order to enter commentary to the first chain Click on 1 a
14. Sit Twe Diecion Range Fat 19 owoc 9 wu x8 2 9 WAC ws 9946 1 9 Relay t Dupas vive 7 NotPomed 479 e vsv eo 5 9 wor gt mus 4754 ok amp 9 zwac mus xs ok 7 9 MOSFET 4 Dus 774 eo OG Ans 9 Inputs va vas ok 3 G Ande meus Analog E Dupus vavaa 7 NotPomed Anse 4 Oupus vas vam ok 2 2402 gt mus xou ok Fig 8 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual PLC Mode igy Work Check PLC Hardware 8 3 8 4 SELECTING ANALOG INPUT RANGES AND LINEARIZATION TABLES The selection of analog input ranges and of linearization tables is carried out by using the dialog box named ADC Settings as shown in Fig 8 3 ADC Settings PLC Control Linearisation T ables Made X Table Read from PLC Table2 gt Write to PLC The procedures are as follows First click the Interface menu and click the corresponding menu item for your interface say KID Bus Click PLC Service menu and select by clicking the ADC Settings menu item the dialog box ADC Settings appears on the screen as shown in Fig 8 3 Click the PLC number to establish communication with the PLC whose analog inputs are to be set say PLC No 1 In case the selected mode of operation is not Programming an
15. The following symbols are used to represent the programmer ladder logic Table 5 8 Symbol Description A make contact The contact is closed when the logic operand is equal to 1 and is opened when the logic operand is equal to 0 A brake contact an inverted make contact The contact is closed when the logic operand is equal to 0 and is opened when the logic operand is equal to 1 Always ON contact Always OFF contact T Front edge triggered pulse contact also referred to as leading edge J Rear edge triggered pulse contact also referred to as trailing edge Output relay coil Designates the storage of the result from the logic calculation of a circuit The operand is set to 1 in case the result is equal to 1 Inverted output The operand is set to 1 in case the result of the logic calculation is equal to 0 S Digital operand setting a SET trigger R Digital operand resetting a RESET trigger 5 7 FUNCTIONS The following functions may be used during generation of a user program Table 5 9 Symbol Description Math A mathematical function PID PID controller Comm R W Read write communication functions The functions are entered by filing data into specialized files which accept integer and logic variables and co
16. User s Manual 6 101 6 8 SPECIFICS OF PROGRAMMING IN CASE POWER SUPPLY FAILURE In case of a power supply failure the controller processor stops the scanning of the outputs and the generation of signals to the external system The preservation of the important data in case of a power supply failure is a major problem which has to be resolved by the user Most of the technological processes allow the operation to be continued without any operator interference after the power supply is restored Sometimes however it is possible that the beginning of the new scanning cycle of the controller will result in an unwanted operation In order to avoid the occurrence of unwanted operations and out of safety considerations the user program must be designed to perform processing of major parameters in case of a power supply failure In all cases however it is necessary to store the more important information on a protected RAM type memory With the KID NEURO PLC the user program and the data may be stored permanently due to the presence of an emergency battery back up and 256 internal relays R1 R40 volatile R41 R256 nonvolatile used for the storage of intermediate results In case of power supply failure the state of the non volatile relays is preserved in the RAM internal memory The volatile relays are reset when the controller is restarted Thus the user is provided with the option not only to preserve the important data but also
17. WARNING In case a V cell say V13 is entered as operand and floating point mode of presentation is selected the next V14 cell will be automatically occupied Make sure that V14 has not been occupied already this will create problems The two right top fields are designated a Condition for entry of the corresponding logic operand creating the condition for a request for execution refer to Fig 6 72 X1 to X128 Y1 to Y128 R1 to R256 b R Y Ready for entry of the corresponding logic operand showing that the operator may use the result from the execution of the function for further processing refer to Fig 6 72 Y1 to Y128 R1 to R256 In case the lt gt operation sign is selected then the table High limit amp Low limit appears on the right side of the dialog box refer also to Limits V cells and Flags Table 6 2 The upper and lower limits are entered in the corresponding fields NOTE In case lt gt operation sign is selected then only an integer operand presentation for the Result can be used since each limit is present in a single V cell The mathematical function executes the entered operations using the contents of the entered operands and not the operands themselves The current result is stored into an internal variable allocated to the function This internal variable consists of 4 bytes This means that all operations are executed at a double accuracy even if some of the operands are constants or inte
18. 0 to one controller cycle x 500 Fig 6 22 We assume that at the beginning of first controller cycle a b d Enable is permanently set to logic 1 Reset input is at logic 1 Timer variable is at zero level Output Y2 is at logic 0 This process development is as follows b c The timer variable is incrementing by 1 after each 10ms Time Base 10ms and will reach the Set Point value 50 for 50 controller cycles one controller cycle is approx 10 ms i e at the end of the 50 cycle At this moment the Output Y2 is set by the controller to a logic 1 This status continuos for one controller cycle i e from the beginning till the end of the 51 cycle when with the start of the 5274 cycle the controller executes the new status Reset Input is set to logic 0 Therefore the Timer variable is set to zero level Consequently the Output Y2 is set to logic 0 Thus an output Y2 pulse is produced with a duration equal to one controller cycle The 53 cycle initiates a new similar process and the second pulse is produced The interval between the pulses is 500ms exactly 500ms one controller cycle KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 19 Important Note error due to the fraction controller cycle is not cumulative and practically can be ignored Actually the time interval between the pulses is defined by the Set Point operand and the selected Timer Base Task 6 11 Select the Set Point value Fig
19. C range and 4 to 20 mA output Power Transmitter Control Heater s Signal Electronic Ix 0 20mA C 10002 4 20mA 6 80 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Solution The above configuration may be simplified as follows Temperature Process Loop 0 20mA The Plant 4 20mA Step 1 The transmitter output signal Ix must be digitized therefore this signal is applied to the KID Neuro PLC s ADC Analog to Digital Converter Fig 6 89 0 20 mA ADC 1 0 32767 Fig 6 89 The value allocated in the V201 cell is illustrated in Fig 6 90 The V201 cell is assigned to the ADC 1 output Noo 32767 6553 0 1000 C Fig 6 90 Obviously certain scaling procedures are necessary Actually they are not absolutely required at this stage since this scaling can be accomplished by a specialized Industrial Software package at the Control Operator s Station Industrial Software KID VIEW 32 HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE However for training purposes we will show how the scaling can be accomplished at this stage KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 81 Step 2 graph shown in Fig 6 90 should be translated as shown in Fig 6 91 This translation be accomplished by using the Subtract Functional Block refer to subsection 6 3 8 The value allocated in V1 cell is illustrated in Fig 6 91 N Subtract V201 6553 V1 0 1000 C Fig 6 91 Step 3 For easy man ma
20. Generation of the ladder program Click Load and call Subtract functional block Click O1 field and then click the arrow to see a list of operands similar to your entries into the Cross Reference Table Select and Click V1 SCL1 pV it appears in the field Click O2 field and then click the arrow to see the relevant choice of operands as per your Cross Reference Table Select and Click 6553 4 mA constant it appears is the field Click O3 field and proceed in the similar way KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 99 IMPORTANT NOTE After entering the functional block the mode of representation of the operands will depend on the View mode Click the View menu a list of options appears By selecting View by Standard names or View by User names the presentation of the operands in the functional block will appear by standard names or by user names Proceed similarly to complete the generation of the program see Fig 6 109 Subtract adcl 0 4 3 scll pv Divide 7 2 0 Full range pv 1000 C pv 1000 C 0 pid 0 pid ready E out 0 10 dac 0 Timer pid start Reset Set smpl time 30 pid start Var tmr var 0 Move 14 avr sld cal Fig 6 109 6 100 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 7 PID SMOOTH MANUAL TO AUTO MODE TRANSITION Consider the following case The process Set Point value is 1000 C For some reason the process variable has been pulled down
21. MF7 V32 R32 V33 R33 MF8 V34 R34 V35 R35 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 63 Entering Select and click Function button on the Kidbar A pull down menu appears Fig 6 74 Lindo Ctrl Z Delete Delete Sut EPS ot DE Selection 8900 Select Ctrl S Paste Commentary Read 2771 Mathematics Iu ADU Fig 6 74 Click the Mathematics 2 function the Block configuration appears Fig 6 75 Function Mathematics No Math Fig 6 75 The Combo box titled No Math Mathematical function number is displayed on the left bottom side of the Block configuration This Combo box provides selection of eight possible mathematical functions By clicking you can select anyone of the functions However it is recommended to enter the mathematical functions in a sequent order starting with No 1 After selecting and clicking the corresponding number of function a dialog box is displayed Fig 6 76 6 64 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Mathematics X OK Cancel Operands and Operations 1st Integer Condition XR NOP 2nd 0 Integer R Y Ready NOP E Hight Lint 3th Integer NOP YZ 0 Ath Integer ED JE Integer init Integer PRE REEL Integer Fig 6 76 The fields titled 1st 2 nd 6 th and
22. MSB left Position 0 1000000000000000 Position 1 0100000000000000 Position 2 0000010000000000 Position 3 0000000100000000 Position 4 0000000000000001 Position 5 1111111111111111 The functional block input is controlled by a make contact X1 while the Functional Block Output is terminated to a Y 1 coil Solution Click Load and enter leading edge triggered X1 contacts as already explained Click F Block button on Kidbar then click Drum function a dialog box appears as shown in Fig 6 57 Enter V10 in the START V field Enter 6 in the Combinations field the combinations are displayed as shown in Fig 6 58 Six positions incl Pos 0 are displayed with the corresponding 6 successive V cells starting from V14 up to V19 Remember V10 V11 V12 and V13 are automatically reserved for Vn Vn 1 Vn 2 and V 3 respectively Out in V 10 START V 910 X EM ME M MEME MEME MEE ex SET se SES ant GE m EP mds Eme db a xL OE Iu m Combination Combinations S Pos 14 0000000000000000 0 Pos 15 0000000000000000 0 Pos2 0000000000000000 0 Pos3 V17 0000000000000000 0 Posd V18 0000000000000000 0 Posb 13 0000000000000000 0 Cancel Fig 6 58 In order to enter the relevant combinations proceed as follows Click Pos 0 and then click the 16 bit on the top bar the combination relevant to position 0 appears automatically as show
23. Set Point Initial S P value Timer variable Timer Base selectable 10ms or 100ms Set Point save in 20 m Cancel VarS P 0 TVar Timer Base Fig 6 17b 6 16 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Set Point entry a An integer from 1 to 32767 in case the set value is a constant b Vicell in case the operand is represented by the content of a Vi cell where i is the number of the V cell It is recommended the values to be assigned to internal variables from V300 to V400 as these V cells are stored in nonvolatile memory see item 5 3 Initial S P value entry a No entry is required in case the Set Point entry is an integer b An integer from 1 to 32767 in case the Set Point entry is assigned to a V cell Timer variable entry The number of the V cell is entered to which the timer variable is assigned Time Base selection Normally 10ms time base is used in order to obtain better accuracy In case of a large user program the time for execution of one controller cycle may exceed 10ms In this case the 100ms time base must be selected Click the time base button to select the desired time base Example 6 2 1 Enabl Timer Base 100ms gt Reset Set 2l Var 0 x1 Fig 6 18 The input circuits are entered using the procedure described in Item 6 2 The dialog window of the TIMER block may be filled in as shown on Fig 6 17b A logic 1 at X1 enables the timer The c
24. Software ndustrial I I I Ez ERG ERG GE E UG RR RR URL E ur Ee 7 pu Ead e POOP be n prd pr n u a KID Neuro I O KID Neuro I O 2 gt 2 x KID Neuro ndustrial Software 1 6 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 1 4 KID NEURO PLC DIMENSIONS The KID Neuro PLC is assembled on a DIN rail The basic component of the KID Neuro PLC has the following dimensions Fig 1 4 Width 66 mm Height 126 mm Length 150 mm For each input output component containing 2 input output modules it is necessary to add 56 mm to the length of the basic KID Neuro PLC component O 126 DIN Rail 66 150 KID NEURO DIMENSIONS rs Fig 1 4 1 5 PACKAGING KID Neuro PLC is delivered in a cardboard packaging KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 1 7 2 NEURO PLC MODULES 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 6 1 2 6 2 2 7 2 7 1 2 7 2 2 8 2 8 1 2 8 2 CONNECTIONS KID NEURO PLC POWER SUPPLY KID NEURO PLC TO PERSONAL COMPUTER CONNECTION CONNECTION OF THE KID NEURO PLC TO A LONWORKS NETWORK CONNECTION OF HIGH SPEED COUNTER INPUTS WDO CONNECTION CONNECTION OF DIGITAL INPUTS 24 V Digital Inputs Version 220 V Digital Input Version CONNECTION OF DIGITAL OUTPUTS Dry Contact Digital Outputs Version MOSFET Switch Digital Outputs Version CONNECTION OF ANALOG INPUTS Connection for Voltage Measurement Connection
25. V300 through V319 appear in the relevant fields in accordance with Table 6 3 The following V cells do not appear V9 V11 V13 and V16 Why In order to answer refer to Table 6 3 The next entries are subject to specific requirements of the process the philosophy of the regulation and the experience of the programming operator There are many textbooks dedicated to this subject so the programming operator is referred to such technical literature KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 85 For the example shown Fig 6 87 we proceed as follows 7 4 Enter 500 in the Set Point field i e 500 C target 7 5 Select Analog in the Output Mode field since the process output is 4 20 mA 7 6 Enter 30 in the T field for 3 s sampling time 7 7 Enter 200 in the K float field for the gain 7 8 Enter 30 in the T float field for 30 5 isodrome time 7 9 Enter 7 8 in the Ty float field for 7 8 s differential time constant 7 10 Enter 32000 in the Out UP Range for upper limit of the PID controller output refer to Fig 6 84 7 11 Enter 6554 in the Out DN Range for lower limit of the PID controller output refer to Fig 6 84 7 12 Enter 900 the UP Alarm field for 900 C upper alarm level refer to Fig 6 85 7 13 Enter 300 in the DN Alarm field for 300 C lower alarm level refer to Fig 6 85 Now we have to determine the DEAD BAND of the PID controller refer to Fig 6 85 Taking into account that the PID Contro
26. operations with this Menu List are the same as described for Option 1 As shown in Fig 7 9 there are two more menu items Standard Names and User Names When Standard Names item is selected the operands into the logic program are shown by their standard names refer also to subsection 6 6 When User Names item is selected the operands into the logic program are shown by their user names refer also to subsection 6 6 7 7 EDIT COMMENTARY MENU COMMANDS This Menu List is activated when Commentary item list is activated on Edit Type menu command see subsection 7 6 and a commentary text is clicked All details related to this Edit Commentary Menu are outlined already in subsection 7 6 7 8 TABLES MENU COMMAND Clicking this menu button a menu list appears as shown in Fig 7 13 Tables Font Mindow Help Indicator Configuration Network Connections Cross Reference T able Fig 7 13 Indicator Configuration When clicking this option the following dialog box appears Fig 7 14 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 7 11 View Control Panel Settings View Control Panel Number The above menu item and the relevant View Control Panel Settings table provide capability for entering the data relating to LonWorks network connection between a KID Neuro PLC and maximum up to 4 arbitrary View Control Panels The PLC View Control Panel s communication is bi directional i e from PLC to View Control Panel s and
27. 1 5 16 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Finally let us show some examples of addition subtraction of 1 to from signed integer performed in twos complement code in 16 bit V cell Example 5 3 Add 1 to the positive signed integer 16384 Solution 0 100000000000000 16384 Ex 5 5 1 0 100000000000001 16385 Example 5 4 Add 1 to the positive signed integer 32767 Solution 0111111111111111 32767 Po 1 000000000000000 32768 IMPORTANT NOTE In this extreme case the V cell is overflowed and the result 32768 will be read as 32768 Example 5 5 Subtract 1 from the positive signed integer 16385 Solution Version a Pure subtraction 0 100000000000001 16385 1 0 100000000000000 16384 Version b Performing subtraction by adding of 1 represented as negative signed twos complement integer 0 100000000000001 16385 17111111111111111 1 as signed twos complement integer 0 100000000000000 16384 Example 5 6 Subtract 1 from the positive signed integer 0 Solution Version a Pure subtraction 0 000000000000000 0 1 1111111111111111 1 signed twos complement integer KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 17 Version b Performing subtraction by addition of 1 represented as negative signed twos complement integer 0 000000000000000 0 17111111111111111 1 as signed twos complement integer 1 111111111111111 1 Example 5 7 Add 1 to the neg
28. 10 to 1 x 10 as hexadecimal numbers within the range from 0 to FFFF aslong integers double accuracy within the range from 2147483648 to 2147483647 as binary numbers as split V cell bits namely the right 8 bits of the V cell as Low V Bits the left 8 bits of the V cell as High V Bits The above Low V Bits respectively High V Bits are represented again as pellets IMPORTANT NOTE Before reading the rest of this subsection you may recollect again the information outlined in subsection 5 14 Binary Arithmetic The V cell content is displayed in signed integer format by default on the PLC Debug Screen Fig 9 3 There are two options to display the respective integer in other format 9 8 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual OPTION 1 Using Watch Window Field To use Watch Window field for monitoring the V cells content proceed as follows Drag and Drop a V cell on the Watch Window field Right Click the icon of the V cell a drop down list box appears with a selection list Click to select the respective format of representation the format is changed in accordance with your selection but it does not affect the format presentation in the respective V cells field Signed integer representation of the V cell content The content of the V cell is represented as a signed integer from 32768 up to 32767 remember the twos complement concept 1 000000000000000 32768 1 000000000000001 32767 11
29. 16 bit V cells The most significant bit of V cell is used as a sign bit of the signed integer 9 10 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Since the content of the V cell is integral part of an integer the interpretation of its content depends the content of the preceding V cell This holds for the logic state of each bit of the preceeding Vn cell including of the most significant bit which is used as sign bit cell V cell 17000000000000000 0000000000000000 2147483648 17000000000000000 0000000000000001 2147483647 1111111111111111 1111111111111110 2 1111111111111111 1111111111111111 1 0 000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 000000000000000 0000000000000001 1 07000000000000000 1111111111111111 65535 0 000000000000001 1111111111111111 131071 0111111111111111 1111111111111111 2147483647 Binary format representation of the V cell content The logic state of each of the 16 bits is represented 0 for logic 0 state and 1 for logic 1 state Low V Bits and High V Bits representation of the V cell content In this case the 16 bits of the V cells are divided split in two parts Low V Bits part containing the 0 to 7 bit High V Bits part containing the 8 to 15 bit as shown in Fig 9 6 Low V Bits High V Bits 48 4 1 GY Go 5 High v Bits 6 0 0 0 0 2 CO 9 Low V Bits Fig 9 6 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 11 The bits are represented in pellets form Each
30. 6 Een The light intensity is proportional to the current 9 through analog output 2 7 Teen The light intensity is proportional to the current 9 through analog output 3 8 leaf The light intensity is proportional to the current 9 through analog output 4 LED s 1 to 4 are red and correspond respectively to analog output 1 to4 These LED s are constantly ON in the presence of a load connected to the respective analog output The LED s are OFF in case of an error namely a noload is connected to the respective analog output b the digital to analog converter for the respective analog output is damaged LED s 5 to 8 are green and are connected in series to the current loop of the respective analog output 1 to 4 The light intensity depends on the current through the respective analog output KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 19 2 10 CONNECTION MODULES THE KID NEURO The input output I O sections of modules type LDIM16 and LDOM16 the analog inputs from modules KID AI3 the analog outputs of modules KID 2 as well as I O signals from other modules compatible with the LonWorks protocol may be used as remote sources for KID Neuro PLC The connection of the remote I O sources is made by using the LonWorks protocol For this purpose the KID Neuro PLC must have a communication PCB LonWorks Transceiver installed LonWorks Network LonWorks LonWorks LDIM 16 LDOM
31. 6 21 in order to generate the same 10ms duration pulses with interval between the pulses again 500ms if the Time Base is set to 100ms Solution Interval between the pulses 500ms The Set Point value 5 Time Base 100ms Task 6 12 Select the Set Point value for an interval between the pulses12s assuming a The Time Base is 10ms b The Time Base is 100ms Solution a 12s 12000ms The Set Point value mn 1200 10ms 10ms b 12s 12000ms The Set Point value 100ms 100ms Task 6 13 Select the Set Point value for an interval between the pulses 820ms assuming a The Time Base is 10ms b The Time Base is 100ms Solution a 820ms The Set Point value 82 10ms b 820ms The Set Point value 8 2 II 100ms There is no solution We can enter ONLY integers The compromise solution can be the Set Point value 8 6 20 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 4 Multivibrator Fig 6 23 Y1 Enable Base 100ms Set 10 Reset Ye Enable Base 100ms Set 10 Var V11 0 Reset Fig 6 23 Initially both outputs are set to a logic 0 while the two inputs of the first timer are set to a logic 1 After a specified period of time 10 x 100ms 1s in this case the Y 1 output will be set to a logic 1 That means that both inputs of the second timer will be set to a logic 1 After 1s the Y2 output will be set to a logic 1 which will result in setting a logic 0
32. 6 85 A It is recommended to enter the PID controllers in series under the lowest possible number say PID No 1 The data into the first V cell of the set of 20 V cells allocated to the PID controller is entered into the field marked as Process Variable refer to Fig 6 83 This cell will store the current value of the variable which is subject to control The value of the Set Point is set into the field marked as Set Point This value must be within the range from 32768 to 32767 If the Analog mode is selected in the Output Mode field the upper and the lower limits apply to the output Flags AU U 1 In case the Valve mode is selected the upper and the lower limits apply to the delta output Flags AU U 0 Also refer to Table 6 4 which shows that this is bit 8 of Vn 19 cell The PID controller constants are entered in the fields of the PID Constants table The PID sampling time T is entered unit seconds into the field marked as 0 1 s This V cell must be used as the Set Point integer operand of the Functional Block TIMER refer to subsection 6 3 1 and Fig 6 17 This TIMER with Time Base 100ms will be used to calculate the Controller The value must be an integer within the range from 3 to 32767 which corresponds to a time value T from 0 3 s to 3276 7 s The gain k is entered into the field marked as Kr float It is entered as a number in floating point format hence it occupies two V cells with cons
33. 7 The Digital Outputs Y eite situs baee 9 7 The Internal Relays R Field lae o E br eret o D bp 9 7 The V cells Field inea ab 9 8 V cells Integer Format Representation neris tnnt eines 9 8 The PLC Mode of Operation nnns 9 12 POWER CUT OFF POWER ON CONSIDERATIONS 9 14 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual V CHAPTER 1 KID NEURO PLC STRUCTURE 1 1 KID NEURO PLC TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE KID NEURO PLC MODULES 1 2 1 Motherboard 1 2 2 Processor Module 1 2 3 Power Supply Module 1 2 4 Communication Module 1 2 5 Input Output Modules 1 2 5 1 Digital Inputs Module 1 2 5 2 Digital Outputs Module 1 2 5 3 Analog Inputs Module 1 2 5 4 Analog Outputs Module 1 3 KID NEURO PLC ASSEMBLY 1 4 KID NEURO PLC DIMENSIONS 1 5 PACKAGING KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 1 1 KID NEURO PLC TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table1 1 PARAMETER RANGE SPEC S DESCRIPTION Power Supply Voltage Nominal power supply voltage 24 V DC rectified filtered with maximum ripples 300 mV peak to peak Power supply voltage range 18 to 35 V DC Current consumption processor only 120 mA Connector Terminal 1 5 mm Inputs on Processor Board Number of Input
34. 88 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual IMPORTANT You will see that the constants and ranges which appear on the right hand side of the Dialog Box are equal to those saved to the PLC according the program shown in Fig 6 96 However these constants may be not necessarily the most adequate constants for our temperature loop the Plant i e your Plant Identification was not completely perfect The tuning of a controller for a new plant can be tedious and time consuming Don t worry Industrial Software has supplied you with an extraordinary intelligent tool for tuning This is the Auto Tuning Tool Step 10 After you did trail by Manual mode smoothly the process variable close to the Set Point value Click Start Auto Tuning Manual mode of operation Your intelligent Auto Tuning Tool will sense the Plant the process and will provide you automatically with the relevant constants This sensing of the process is accomplished by six oscillations as shown in Fig 6 99 Due to the scale factors the graphs shown in Fig 6 99 are as follows the lowest graph is the set point the second graph is OUT the process variable is represented by the third graph the most upper graph represents the PID controller output value The process of auto tuning is indicated by floating strips in the field below the Start button After six oscillations the auto tuning procedure is completed new constants appear in the relevant fie
35. Bit Operand R13 The new configuration of the circuit is shown in Fig 6 6 6 6 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual X1 Y1 x7 Y5 1 41 k R1 R13 Fig 6 6 Task 6 5 Insert an OR 1 7 X22 command parallel to the complete circuit Fig 6 6 preceding Y5 Solution 1 Click Y5 2 Click OR button on Kidbar A list of contacts appears 3 Click the relevant contact i e The contact appears in the circuit together with the Bit Operand dialogue box 4 Write in the operand X22 5 Enter the operand X22 The new configuration is shown in Fig 6 7 1 X 1 Y1 x7 Y5 H1 R1 R13 2 x2 va Fig 6 7 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 7 Task 6 6 Delete the commands R1 R13 and Y1 from the circuit shown in Fig 6 7 Solution Click and press Delete a consecutive way each of the above commands refer also to Example 6 3 The circuit is changed as shown in Fig 6 8 1 x7 Y5 x22 Fig 6 8 What Did You Learn Reading carefully and appreciating all the explanations examples and procedures in para 6 2 1 you have already the capability to Choose OVR INS edit mode Generate simple logic circuits Edit and or change an operand Delete a command Insert a command 9o0o075n Replace an And command with Or command and vice versa You also did learn all the relevant steps instructions and sequences of actions required to generate a simple circuit Therefore from now on we sha
36. Clipboard Paste menu item this menu item is activated only in case there is something available in the Clipboard i e if Cut or Copy have been used beforehand Each time Paste menu item is clicked the last Clipboard entry appears on the logic program and can be positioned by dragging on the desired place Delete all commentary deletes all commentaries on the logic program IMPORTANT NOTE Each time Cut or Copy menu items used for some commentary text itis a MUST to copy this text somewhere in your logic program Option 2 Using Alternative Menu List Right click the commentary text to be processed a menu list appears near the commentary text containing the following menu items Cut Commentary Copy Commentary Paste Commentary Delete Commentary The above functions are similar to the description outlined in Option 1 D Shifting commentary on new position in the same chain Click the commentary text then press the left mouse button and drag the text at the desired place on the same logic chain Click outside the text the shifting is completed E Shifting a commentary from the chain to another chain Click the commentary text to be shifted Press the left mouse button and drag the text Chain A at the desired place on the other logic chain Chain B Click outside the text The shifted commentary text appears on the other chain B but it also remains on the original chain A place n case
37. DU UD DU RU D OU Uu etel 6 54 MCR Master Reset Relay cte imet etie tod iet ptem d deti e onte eds 6 58 ENTERING AND EDITING OF 8 6 60 Mathematical Functions 6 63 PID Controller M 6 72 Dx B E sia ojo Net 6 72 Entering Pea eed Len vue dere api Rud e estne 6 73 Practical Considerations 6 80 Communication Functions 6 90 Comm WRITE Communication 0 000 0001 6 92 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual iii 6 4 3 2 Comm READ Communication 0 1 6 94 6 5 ENTRY OF COMMENTARIES rro pne rito 6 96 6 6 USER NAMES or QA GR eng e ds 6 96 6 7 PID SMOOTH MANUAL TO AUTO MODE TRANSITION 6 101 6 8 SPECIFICS OF PROGRAMMING IN CASE OF POWER SUPPLY FAILURE 6 102 CHAPTER 7 MENU FILES 7 1 FILE MENU COMMANDS eic re e oe sete tdg Can enti eset dae T 1 7 2 EDIT MENU COMMANDS e itte eene o retours anki 7 4 7 3 VIEW MENU COMMANDS 2 7 5 7 4 PLC SERVICES MENU
38. ENTRY KEYS Command Function Key Command Function Key Load Alt F2 Coil Reset Ctrl R Load NOT Ctrl A MCR Alt F8 Load IMP Ctrl MCR_END Alt E Load IMP NOT Ctrl L ADD Shift A LoadO Ctrl 0 SUB Shift S Load1 Ctrl 1 Multiply Shift M AND Alt F3 Divide Shift D AND IMP Alt Move Shift V AND NOT Alt O Move Block Shift B KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 7 15 AND IMP NOT Alt N Timer Shift T OR Alt F4 Counter Shift P OR NOT Shift N Approx Shift X OR IMP Shift Drum Timer Shift R OR IMP NOT Shift O CMP Shift C Serial F5 Comm Read Alt R Parallel F6 Comm Write Alt W Coil Alt F7 Mathematics Ctrl M Coil NOT Ctrl T Pid Shift L Coil Set Ctrl E Shift Shift K 7 16 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 CONFIGURATION amp DIAGNOSTIC OF KID NEURO PLC GENERAL CHANGING KID NEURO PLC NUMBER CONNECTING KID NEURO PLC TO KID BUS NETWORK CHECK KID NEURO PLC HARDWARE SELECTING OF ANALOG INPUT RANGES AND OF LINERIZATION TABLES SETTING OF ASTRONOMICAL CLOCK OF KID NEURO PLC SETTING OF TIME AFTER FAST PROGRAM KID Neuro PLC User s Manual GENERAL All members of the network PLCs View Control Panels c
39. Field The Internal Relays R Field The V cells Field V cells Integer Format Representation The PLC Mode of Operation Field POWER CUT OFF POWER ON CONSIDERATIONS KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 1 GENARAL Before starting this chapter the user is advised to read again subsection 3 1 1 dealing with different PLC modes of operation namely Work Program Force Debug and Force D The term PLC Programs is referred to User Programs also called Logic Programs as well as to Fast Programs The goal of the Debug procedure can be expressed generally as a set of activities for monitoring survey interpretation analysis evaluation of the user program s of their impact on the process plant behavior combined with certain changes improvements into the programs in order to obtain the most adequate management of the process plant under control This procedure is of great importance and requires patience responsibility good process control background adequate knowledge about the process plant and of course excellent appreciation of the broad range of capabilities tools and options provided by the KID Neuro PLC system configuration As a matter of fact KID Neuro PLC offers so many extra capabilities that its usefulness is practically limited only by the user s ability and ingenuity Since the debug procedures can be of any nature it is not possible to provide an unified approach to serve as a recipe Instead basic general r
40. Fig 6 65a The entries to the APROXIMATION functional block must include a The number of 0 points i e Count b The x input V cell i e the input argument V cell This entry will reserve automatically N more successive V cells for entry of the X integers c The output y V cell i e the dependant variable V cell This entry will reserve automatically N more successive V cells for entry of the Y integers The value of each x V cell 2 The value of each y V cell Representation Approx In Points N Out Input O1 Output O2 Fig 6 66 n functional block input the control input 01 integer operand function input a V cell with a number between V1 and V512 O2 aninteger operand function output a V cell with a number between V1 and V512 N number of points an integer from 2 to 200 Out functional block output Characteristics The number of the APPROX functional blocks is limited only by the number of V cells accessible to the user The control input of the block is connected to a circuit whose logic state enables logic 1 or disables logic 0 the block operation The points subject to approximation at the input and the output may be set as V cells only Principle of operation A logic 1 at the control input In enables the block operation An output value y coordinate is obtained for each input value x coordinate as a result of the block appro
41. Mode Error window will notify you to change the mode of operation The change of mode of operation is accomplished by clicking the Mode window Fig 8 3 and selection of the Program mode Now we have to read the settings from the PLC To execute this reading click Read from PLC button an Reading ADC Settings window appears showing that the reading of the ADC Settings from the PLC is completed Fig 8 4 Reading ADC Settings The Reading of the ADC Settings is finished Fig 8 4 If the mode of operation has been set to Program the Reading of ADC Settings appears automatically To continue click the OK button the current settings if such appear as shown in Fig 8 5 8 4 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual ADC Settings m PLC Control Linearisation T ables END n E E 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 3 10 Finds alt Progam Table inl En 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2 s aee enel m 2105227023 24 768 25 28 23 3C Slot State StartEnd Freq Count First Second Third Fourth Fifth 1 Configured 201 205 40 5 3 0 2V 0 20mA 80m Fig 8 5 The image shown in Fig 8 5 shows or can be used for settings as follows Slot field shows which slots of the selected PLC contain analog input PCB
42. N iy oo N Ke N N e N Y N N Unsigned Signed 16 bit binary integer in complementary twos complement code integers integers 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 1 10 10 JO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 10 10 JO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 3 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 4 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 10 4 512 10 0O 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 512 16384 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16384 16385 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 16385 16511 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 16511 32766 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 32766 32767 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 32767 32768 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 32768 32769 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 32767 32770 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 32766 32771 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 32765 32772 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 32764 49152 11 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16384 49153 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 1 16383 57344 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 16128 65553 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 3 65534 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 65535 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
43. OF TIME AFTER FAST PROGRAM 8 7 CHAPTER 9 DEBUGGING OF KID NEURO PLC PROGRAMS 9 1 GENERAL nonu torni usn rte te 9 1 9 2 THE XY RV LOGBOOK needed retia RE ARE SEE Tn cake CEA DR RE HERE 9 1 9 3 DOWNLOADING OF USER PROGRAMS TO PLC 9 1 9 4 READING OF PROGRAMS 2 42 422 224 424 9 3 iv KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 5 9 5 1 9 5 2 9 5 3 9 5 4 9 5 5 9 5 6 9 6 9 6 1 9 6 2 9 6 3 9 6 4 9 6 5 9 6 6 9 6 7 9 6 8 9 7 MONITORING Jnnt cet ee tit eruta a hata sea ne a anne E E 9 4 HC EE 9 4 The Hardware Configuration uite erri o deg 9 4 The View Control Panel Settings ceo to Co or eo toe p Ch or rie attt 9 4 The ADC SettingS e Lum M UM MeL cp LM ne 9 4 MG PUD SCRE a Re 9 4 The Operarids coder oci tra it caves Dr a a RR E RR RR E or a n RR I a a Ea Goo a da npe doas nd 9 4 PEC DEBUG SCREEN 9 5 The Network View Field 2 2 22 9 5 The PLC General View Field riter eto pru det n Eten deb tn 9 5 ThiedDigital Inpuls X Field cri eo ee tese i e o 9
44. PLC is two Following types are available for each of the two linearization tables Pt 100 C x 10 TC J Cx10 TCK C x 10 IMPORTANT NOTE The unit of the measurement result is degree Celsius x 10 The setting of each of the two linearization tables is accomplished as follows KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 8 5 Click the table button drop down list box appears containing None Pt 100 C x 10 TC J Cx10 C x10 Click the corresponding item to enter it into the linearization table After the linearization tables are set accordingly proceed with setting the channels For First and Second Channels Click the channel field a drop down list box appears containing the following list 80 mV 0 2 0 20 mA 300 Ohms Pt 100 and or TC J and or TC K depending on the settings of the linearization tables Click the relevant option to enter it in the window Third Fourth and Fifth Channels Click the channel field a drop down list box appears containing the following list 80 mV 0 2V 0 20 mA TC J and or TC K depending upon the settings of the linearization tables Click the relevant option to enter it into window Remember The third fourth and fifth channels must have one and the same range IMPORTANT If no linearization table is selected the measurement result will be in the range of 0 to 32767 After the settings of the range are completed click Write to PL
45. This results in the display of a contact or a coil symbol on the screen A separate field is opened which is used to enter an operand 5 Enter the operand using the alpha numerical keys 6 Press lt gt to store the operand Commands which have no operand are entered directly B For edition of an existing circuit Start directly from step 4 A lt 7 Note In case a list of user names is generated in the program see Item 6 6 these user names may be used instead of the standard operand symbols An operand may be edited in the following way 1 Select the command whose operand has to be changed 2 Double click will open a dialog box 3 Enter the new operand 4 Confirm by pressing lt ENTER gt A command is deleted in the following way 1 Click the command to be deleted 2 Press lt Delete gt to delete a command 6 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Deleting of a command without deleting the remaining portion of the circuit is not advisable as the command which remain undeleted will be connected to the preceding circuit A new command is inserted as follows 1 The programmer must be in the INS Insert mode use the OVR INS window on the STATUS BAR ref to Fig 6 1 The change of the programmer mode is discussed in Chapter 7 of this Manual 2 Select the command before which a new command must be inserted 3 Enter the new command and its operand if any A command may be replaced by another
46. V cell as current DRUM combination output refer to example 6 14 The Drum Functional Block Output is set to logic 0 when the combination 0 i e position 0 see the Table 6 1 is initiated With the initiation of all other combinations the Functional Block Output is set to logic 1 Entering Select the F Block button from Kidbar Select the DRUM functional block command from the pull down menu A dialog box appears on the screen Fig 6 57 with the following fields But in START V 15 4 13 121170 S 8 7 B 5 4 3 2 1 D Combination Combinations Cancel Fig 6 57 START V We have to enter the start V cell which will be used for Drum combinations output Combinations The number of DRUM combinations N is entered in this field After the above two entries are effected the relevant combinations are displayed in the right lower half portion of the box the respective position indexes as well as the corresponding V cells The bits of all combinations displayed initially are set to logic 0 The best explanations how to operate when entering the Drum functional block can be provided by the next example 6 12 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 49 Example 6 12 Generate a circuitry containing a DRUM functional block with six combinations starting with the starting V cell being V10 The Drum combinations are as follows
47. V245 The day of the week according to the system clock where V245 1 Monday V245 2 Tuesday V245 3 Wednesday V245 4 Thursday V245 5 Friday V245 6 Saturday V245 7 Sunday V246 System clock year V250 Bit 7 of V250 is set to logic 1 at an attempt by the DIVIDE functional block to divide by zero V251 KID Neuro PLC own number Used also as the KID Neuro PLC address within the communication network V254 Time necessary for the execution of the basic user program V255 Pulses counted during one cycle of the execution of the basic user program by the high speed counter input F11 V256 Pulses counted during one cycle of the execution of the basic user program by the high speed counter input FI2 V257 The status of the 12 slots allocated for I O modules and for the communication module LonWorks Transceiver Each of the bits of V257 corresponds to the presence of V257 0 I O module at slot no 1 V257 1 I O module at slot no 2 V257 10 module at slot no 11 V257 11 I O module at slot no 12 V257 12 Communication module LonWorks Transceiver KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 9 Table 5 11 Cont V257 xx 0 the respective module is included the KID Neuro PLC configuration and no error was established regarding this module see Item 8 3 V257 xx 1 the respective module is not included in the KID Neuro PLC configuration or an error was establis
48. able X Float Variables Bit Variables Constant Integer Variables Long Variables User name Fig 6 107 By clicking the right mouse button in the field for editing the following menu is displayed ADD add name Delete delete selected name The standard name of the operand for instance V1 R2 etc or a figure when using constants is entered in the Standard name field Enter the respective user name in the User name field The fields used to enter user names are displayed by clicking the left mouse button with the cursor positioned over the icon indicating the current line The user names may be visualized by using the View View by User names menu The list of user names may be used when entering ladder circuits from the fields allocated for operands The list of the entered names is displayed by selecting the arrow button located to the right of the respective field Example 6 22 Generate the program shown in Fig 6 95 by using user names for some of the operands KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 97 Solution Step 1 Prepare your draft table for the abbreviations to be used for the user names for example refer to Fig 6 95 a Forinteger variables V1 SCL1 pV for scaling procedure 1 for pV V2 no user name V4 pv 1000 C for pv from 0 C to 1000 C V6 TMR VAR for TIMER variable 201 ADC 1 for ADC 1 output 300 PID IN for PID input V307 SMPL TIME for PID Sampling Time V31
49. as already explained Click the SHR SHL button on Kidbar after which click SHIFT from the pull down menu A dialog box is displayed on the screen Fig 6 42 which contains the following fields Operation select the shift direction by clicking the Shift Left Shift Right button Start operand the first V cell of the bit by bit shift block Counts of operands the number of the consecutive V cells in the block whose contents will be subjected to a bit by bit shift Example 6 6 Generate a circuitry containing a SHIFT functional block and a block of operands V12 V13 and V14 left shift direction The functional block is enabled by a X1 operand The output of the functional block is terminated to Y 1 coil Shift lt lt Count 3 Fig 6 41 Solution The input circuit of the block is generated as already explained The dialog box used to set the values of the SHIFT block operands is filled in as shown on Fig 6 42 Click the operation button to select left shift direction Enter the start operand V12 Enter the initial value of the start operand say 15 Enter the count of operands in our example 3 Click OK 6 34 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Operation lt ShiftLeft VI2 Cancel 4 d Start operand Value 15 Count of operand 3 Fig 6 42 A circuit appears as shown in Fig 6 41 which reflects your entries Let assume that the V12 V13 and V
50. at the bottom of the screen It indicates the size of the ladder program the programmer mode the current operation etc KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 7 5 The following commands are added to the View Menus when ladder file is opened View by Standard names displays the program operands by using standard names X Y etc refer also to subsection 6 6 View by User names displays the program operands by using user names read from the menu Tables Cross reference Table refer also to subsection 6 6 Output displays information about all operands used by the current program 7 4 PLC SERVICES MENU COMMANDS Services 125 Interfac Debug Screen Check New Hardware PID Screen ADC Settings Fig 7 7 Debug Screen displays a window used to debug the user program Check New Hardware displays a window used to check the hardware of the KID Neuro PLC PID Screen displays a window used to set up the PID controller refer also to Fig 6 83 ADC Settings displays a window used to set up linearization tables and to adjust the settings of the analog inputs 7 5 INTERFACE MENU COMMANDS Only short descriptions of the menu items are outlined in this section For more details related to interfacing KID Neuro PLC the user is referred to Industrial Software Manual LonWorks Connections When clicking the Interface button the following menu list appears Interface Edit Edit Commentary
51. at the reset inputs of the two timers This will reset the outputs of both timers to a logic 0 The sequence is repeated with the start of the next controller cycle Thus a pulse rate is generated on 1 output as shown in Fig 6 24 Ir e Fig 6 24 The pulse duration Fig 6 24 is defined by the operands of the first timer in our case Set Point 10 x Time Base 1005 1s The interval between the pulses is defined by the operands of the second timer in our case Set Point 10 x Time Base 100ms 1s By entering different operands we can generate the pulse rate as required In case the Set Point is set in V cell process variable we can obtain Pulse Width Modulation KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 21 6 3 2 The Counter functional block allows for the direct Up reverse Down counting of transitions from a logic 0 to a logic 1 Potentially this is a Bi directional Counter Representation B1 Fig 6 25 Set set value integer operand V cell with a number within the range from V1 to V512 or a constant within the range from 0 to 32767 current value integer operand a V cell with a number within the range from V1 to V512 Characteristics The number of counters in the ladder logic program is limited only by the number of V cells accessible to the user The inputs of the block are connected to circuits whose logic state controls the block operation Pri
52. cascade connection Principle of operation With the control input In set to a logic 1 the value of O1 is multiplied by the value of O2 during each cycle of the user program and the result is stored in O3 The integer operands O1 and O2 represent 16 bit figures with the most significant bit used as the sign bit The integer operand O3 represents a 32 bit figure The result should not exceed the preset limits i e the maximum content of two 16 bit V cells including the sign bit The sign of the results is defined according to the laws for arithmetic multiplication In case the result is a negative figure the sign bit of its complementary code will be set to 1 In case the result is a positive figure the sign bit will be set to O The output of the block repeats the input state Entering Select the Arithmetic button from Kidbar F9 key Select the MULTIPLY command from the pull down menu A dialog box is displayed on the screen Fig 6 50 containing three fields for the integer operands O1 multiplicand O2 multiplier and the result product as well as for the initial values of the V cells KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 41 Multiplay Result 0 3 v5 Fig 6 50 The initial values of the O1 or O2 when set as V cells are entered unto the respective value fields located bellow O1 resp O2 fields In case any of the operands is a constant its value is typed in directly in the O1 or O2 field Th
53. connected respectively to Rx Tx and GND at COM of the personal computer The connecting cable should not be longer than 5 m Fig 2 2 2 connected to Rx at COMI of the personal computer connected to Tx at COM1 of the personal computer 5 connected to GND at COM of the personal computer Table 2 3 Connector Type Description RS232 Phone jack Used to connect the KID Neuro PLC to a personal computer Table 2 4 RS232 LED Type Description Rx green Blinking when data is being received from the personal computer Tx green Blinking when data is being transmitted to the personal computer Ongoing communication between the KID Neuro PLC and the personal computer is indicated by means of the Rx and Tx LEDs 2 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 3 CONNECTION THE KID NEURO PLC TO A LONWORKS NETWORK LonWorks Network Fig 2 3 The KID Neuro PLC may be connected to a LonWorks network by means of two wire line The connection is polarity insensitive Table 2 5 Connector Type Description Used to connect KID Neuro PLC to a LonWorks LonWorks Terminal 1 5 mm network Used only in the presence of a communication module Table 2 6 LonWorks LED Type Description Blinking when data is being received via RX green LonWorks Blinking when data is being tran
54. disabled In case of an overflow the output Y1 is set to a logic 1 If the result complies with the imposed restrictions the functional block output remains set to logic 0 A Attention The MCR functional block does not affect the block operation 6 40 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 3 9 MULTIPLY MULTIPLY functional block multiplies the contents of two integer operands and stores the result into a third integer operand Representation Multiply Qut 1 02 03 Fig 6 49 n control input 01 integer operand multiplicand a V cell with a number within the range from V1 to V512 or a constant within the range from 32768 to 32767 O2 aninteger operand multiplier a V cell with a number within the range from V1 to V512 or a constant within the range from 32768 to 32767 an integer operand result product which represents 32 bit figure and is located in two V cells with successive numbers within the range from V1 to V512 Out Output of the functional block Characteristics The control input of the block is connected to a circuit whose state enables or disables the block operation The MULTIPLY functional block operates with figures represented by their supplementary code see Item 5 10 The output logic state of the block repeats the logic state of the input which allows several MULTIPLY block complying with one and the same condition to be connected in series
55. for Current Measurement KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 8 3 2 8 4 2 9 2 10 2 11 2 11 1 2 11 2 2 12 Connection for Resistance Measurement Mixed Connection CONNECTION OF ANALOG OUTPUTS CONNECTION OF REMOTE MODULES TO THE KID NEURO PLC CONNECTION OF INTELLIGENT SENSORS TO KID NEURO PLC Using the LonWorks Protocol Using the HART Protocol CONNECTION OF OTHER PLC COMPATIBLE WITH RS485 INTERFACE TO KID NEURO PLC KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 1 KID NEURO PLC POWER SUPPLY The KID Neuro PLC is powered by DC 24 V whereas the power supply voltage is subject to the following requirements rectified filtered max ripples 300 mV peak to peak Fig 2 1 The power supply of the KID Neuro PLC is galvanically isolated from the power supply of the processor communications digital and analog modules Table 2 1 Connector Type Description 24 terminal 1 5 mm KID Neuro PLC power supply Table 2 2 LED Type Description LED ON shows that the power supply voltage is 24V red connected LED OFF shows the absence of power supply voltage KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 1 2 2 NEURO PLC TO PERSONAL COMPUTER CONNECTION The KID Neuro PLC may be connected to a personal computer by means of a cable included in the standard delivery set of KID Neuro fitted with a DB9 connector Terminals 2 3 and 5 are
56. improperly The functions are edited in the same way as the functional blocks 6 60 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual KID Neuro executes the functions included in the user program after the execution of the ladder logic due to the fact that the execution of the functions is much slower Mathematical functions cannot practically be completed within one controller cycle Regardless of these limitations the user may locate the functions at points of his choice while generating a user program A Attention An user program may not start with a Function block A complex circuit Seria or Parallel may not contain functions When user programs stored on a disk are being read the functions are placed in the positions as entered by the user When an user program stored in the memory of the controller is being read a service within the File Load from Controller main menu all functions are written after the ladder logic A function may be deleted from the user program by clicking the function and then pressing the lt Delete gt key Functions are queried for execution with the setting of a specific logic operand to logic 1 After the function is executed some other operand is set to 1 There is a specific feature about these two operands called Condition and R Y Ready for Execution Fig 6 72 Condition R Y Ready for execution Fig 6 72 The input condition and the execution condition are both set to 0 before the time i
57. indicate a positive magnitude of the number All other bits indicate the magnitude of the binary number For example the sign and magnitude numbers can be represented in a 16 bit cell as follows 0 111111111111111 32767 0 100000000000000 16384 0 000000000110011 51 0 000000000000000 0 1111111111111111 32767 17100000000000000 16384 1 0000000001 10011 51 1 000000000000000 0 Pay attention that there are two possible representations for zero It is not possible to perform the basic arithmetic operation with signed and magnitude numbers and automatically provide the correct sign for the result For this reason twos complement or usually referred to as complement representation for binary numbers is preferred The twos complement of a positive signed number is obtained as follows a The MSB is set to O b The magnitude digits remain unchanged So the twos complement of a positive binary number looks exactly as the sign and magnitude representation KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 13 Here some examples for twos complement presentation of a positive binary number a 16 bit cell 0111111111111111 32767 0 100000000000000 16384 0 000000000110011 51 0 000000000000000 0 twos complement of a negative signed number is obtained the following way a Write down the number as an twos complement positive binary number b Invert all digits including MSB i e change all Os
58. is at logic 1 and the current value is equal to zero A time chart illustrating the operation of the counter functional block is shown in Fig 6 26 assuming the Set Point value is equal to 5 This chart reflects the relationships among the counter inputs the current value and the counter output in various combinations The relationships reflect the definitions described above from a to f and are self explanatory 1 2 10 20 30 Current value 1 1 1 1 zero value i i 1 1 Logic 1 Fig 6 26 Entering Press the F Block button on Kidbar after the circuits controlling the inputs state of the block have been entered Select Counter from the displayed menu A dialog box is displayed on the screen Fig 6 28 which contains the following fields Set Point set value integer operand from 1 to 32767 or a Vi cell Var SP integer from 1 to 32767 in case the Set Point entry is assigned to a Vi cell This is a initialization value CVar V cell number to which the counter current value is assigned In case the SetPoint integer operand the set value is a constant its value is typed in using the numeric keys In case the integer operand is a V cell a Vi statement is entered into the SetPoint field where P represents the number of the V cell The figure corresponding to the Set Point value is set in the Var SP field It is recommended to use internal
59. of a negative figure is obtained by adding a 1 to the least significant bit of the inverted code of the same figure you may refer to para 5 13 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 7 Example 5 1 Represent the integers 16385 resp 1026 in a 16 bit V cell as follows a as unsigned integers in direct code dc b as positive signed integers in direct code dc c as negative signed integers in inversed inverted code ic d as negative signed integers in complementary code cc Solution a Representation as unsigned integers in direct code 116385110 0100000000000001 a resp 1026 000001000000001 0 ac b Representation as positive signed integers in direct code 16385 10 0 100000000000001 resp 1026 1 07000010000000010 ac c Representation as negative signed integers in inverted code 16385 19 1011111111111110 resp 102611 1171111011111111011 d Representation as negative signed integers in supplementary code i e 1 bit is added to LBS of the above inverted code representation 16385 io 101111111111111 5 resp 1026 0 111111011111111101 The ADD SUBTRACT MULTIPLY and DIVIDE functional blocks operate with figures represented in complementary code as signed integers Some of the integer operands in the MULTIPLY and DIVIDE functional blocks are represented by 32 bit figures incl the sign bit Such a figure may be stored in two V cells with successive numbers The first V cell fo
60. opening the Check PLC Hardware window A sample case is shown in Fig 8 2 An image of the PLC is displayed on the upper part of the window The table below the PLC image contains information about a Versions of hardware and software set by Industrial Software b Program name program length and Check Sum c LonWorks board spec s 8 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual The lower table contains information about right top table contains information about the network modules Number of the slots Type of the modules The ladder logic operands attached involved to the respective module Fast column provide information whether an I O module is used in the Fast Program mode Existing problems if such otherwise OK flag is displayed based on the result of verification check of the modules The PLC Mode window shows the mode of operation of the approached PLC It also provides options for changing the mode of operation of the approached PLC The above explanations have been related to the current configuration In case some changes into the configuration take place in terms of slots in a PLC or in terms of the number of the PLC s into the network click Check PLC Hardware button to refresh the information reflecting the corresponding changes Check PLC Hardware Hardware O Name NID Check Sum 00 Domim
61. right of it which is used to enter the function number Click on this field with the mouse to open a list with the 8 possible communication function numbers Position the cursor and click on the desired CF number The file of the Comm Read function is displayed on the screen Fig 6 105 Note It is recommended to enter the communication function in series with the smallest possible free number Communication Read No 1 xi Read from fi Controller Mo 27 TES Condition Y Start Read from Cancel Y RM Info Err R Y Length 04 Byte Start Write to Result FY KYRN xj Fig 6 105 6 94 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual The number of the source controller is entered into the Read from Controller No field The numbers from 1 to 32 are available The condition for execution logic operand X Y or R is entered into the Condition X Y or R field The first of the series of logic or integer operands whose contents will be read from the source controller is entered into the Start Read from X Y R V field The R Y for error a logic operand which is set to 1 in case of an improper execution of the CF is entered into the Info Err R Y field The number of logic operands if read from X Y or R or the number of bytes if read from V cell subject to transfer operation is entered into the Length field Click the Operands Bytes button to select the type of the Length field number of operan
62. s analog modules In case some changes additions reductions of the analog input modules take place during the programming procedures the above table must be refreshed by a new Read from PLC procedure State field shows whether or not valid ranges are set for the ADC channels Start End field shows which V cells are used for storage of the measurement results one V cell is used for storage of the one channel measurement result Since 5 channels maximum are available 5 V cells are occupied For the example shown in Fig 8 5 these 5 V cells are V201 to V205 The next slots if such will occupy next V206 to V210 cells etc Freq field shows the reciprocal value of filter notch frequency The measurement time of measurement cycle is 3 x Freq value The drop down list box provides two options 40 ms and 200 ms Count field shows the number of analog inputs channels Two numbers are available click the Count field to open an 3 5 selection list v 3 Channels three differential channels v 5 Channels five channels with common ground If 5 Channels option is selected the following specifics must be taken into account Pt 100 resistance range 0 to 300 Ohms be measured only by first and second channel Third Fourth and Fifth channels measure values in one and same range only Note Before setting the analog inputs set up the Linearization Tables The maximum number of Linearization Tables in KID Neuro
63. the LAST ENTRY ONLY Therefore the Paste command processes the last entry selection existing in the Clipboard The Paste procedure is executed as follows Case 1 Paste what is available in the clipboard Click the logic program element operand before which the last content of the Clipboard is to be introduced Click Edit menu program then Click the Paste menu item the content of the Clipboard appears before the marked element Case 2 Cut and Paste an area First select by dragging an area to be pasted Cut the selected area as explained Then paste the selected area as explained Case 3 Copy and Paste an area First select by dragging an area to be pasted Copy the selected area as explained Then paste the selected area as explained Undo command If the executed Cut or Copy or Paste operations must be cancelled the Undo command is used Click Edit menu button Click Undo menu item the last Cut Copy or Paste operation is cancelled but the last entry into the Clipboard is still memorized So remember it 7 10 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Option 2 Using Alternative Menu List Select the corresponding area Right click on the screen an alternative Menu List appears containing the following menu items Undo Cut Copy Paste Delete Commentary Paste commentary The above menu items are similar to the menu items of Edit menu button therefore the
64. the V cells of Block 2 with an initial V cell assigned the number 12 The index of the first V cell of the Block 1 is assigned as value to O1 The index of the first V cell of Block 2 is assigned as value to O2 In case the input is set to a logic 0 the block is disabled Entering Select the F Block button from the Kidbar Select the BLOCK MOVE command from the pull down menu A dialog box is displayed on the screen Fig 6 38 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 31 BlockMove X Move From Move To Value mmm Value mE Count Cancel Fig 6 38 The operand V cell related to Block 1 is entered into the Move From field The index of the first V cell of Block 1 is entered into the field below the Move From field The operand V cell related to Block 2 is entered into the Move To field The index of the first V cell of Block 2 is entered into the field below the Move To field The number N of the V cells in a block is entered in Number N field Example 6 5 Generate a circuitry containing a Block Move functional block to realize the operation shown in Fig 6 36 The functional block is enabled by a X1 relay The output of the block is terminated to an Y 1 coil Solution Generate the X1 network as already explained Click the F Block button on the Kidbar a menu appears Click Move Block command on the menu a frame of the block appears on the circuit and simultaneously a Block Move dialogue box is display
65. to 1s and all 1s to Os c Increment i e add 1 to the last significant bit LSB Example Find the twos complement of 32767 16384 of 51 Solution For 32767 The twos complement positive presentation of 32767 is 0111111111111111 b Now invert all 1s to Os and all Os to 1s 1 000000000000000 c Now add 1 to LSB of the above presentation i e 1 000000000000000 1 17000000000000001 This is the twos complement representation of 32767 For 16384 a The twos complement positive presentation of 16384 is 0 100000000000000 b The inverted presentation is 17011111111111111 The addition of 1 gives 17011111111111111 1 17100000000000000 This is the twos complement representation of 16384 For 51 a The twos complement positive representation of 51 is 0 0000000001 10011 b The inverted representation is 1111111111001100 5 14 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual c The addition of 1 gives 17111111111001100 d 1111111111001101 This is the twos complement representation of 51 A particular case is the formal representation of zero in twos complement form as a negative binary number Following the above procedure we get a The twos complement of zero as a positive number is 0 000000000000000 b The inverted representation is 1111111111111111 c The addition of 1 gives 1111111111111111 1 1 0 000000000000000 T neglect the final carry This is the same representation of zero as i
66. user to monitor different sets simultaneously The quick search of the V cells can be accomplished by using the respective Scroll bar The quick search of a specific V cell can be accomplished as follows Click on the top Value field in the number of the specific V cell you are after Click outside the corresponding V cell appears on the top of the list The V cells which are of current interest for the user may be monitored in the Watch Window field The field is filled in with variables by a drag and drop operation namely Click the V cell of the respective field Drag the V cell and drop it in the Watch Window field Up to 17 different variables can be monitored on the Watch Window field One variable can be displayed not only on one place but also on several places on the Watch Window field for example to monitor it in different integer formats see the text below The V cells may be deleted from the Watch Window by drag and drop procedure again the selected V cell is moved out of the Watch Window after releasing the mouse button the V cell image disappears The content of the Watch Window field can be cleared by clicking the Clear All button 9 6 7 V cells Integer Format Representation The V cells may be monitored in the following formats as Signed integers within the range from 32768 to 32767 asunsigned integers within the range from 0 to 65535 as real numbers within the range from 1
67. 1 cell initial value say 0 The result to be stored in V6 cell The input of the block is controlled by a X1 operand while the output of the functional block is terminated to a R1 coil Solution The input circuit is entered as already described Click Arithmetic button on Kidbar a pull down menu appears Select and click Add function on the pull down menu a dialog box appears on the screen as shown in Fig 6 44 Type in 30 O1 field Type in 20 in value field under the O1 field Type in V31 in O2 field Type in O in value field under the O2 field Type in V6 in Result O3 field Click button OK and enter Y1 operand A circuit appears as shown in Fig 6 45 reflecting your entries KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 37 Fig 6 45 With X1 set to a logic 1 V6 assumes a value which is equal to the sum of the values in V30 and V31 In case of an overflow the output Y1 is set to a logic 1 If the result complies with the imposed restrictions the block output remains equal to a logic 0 Attention The MCR functional block does not affect the operation of the ADD functional block 6 3 8 SUBTRACT The SUBTRACT functional block subtracts the contents of two integer operands and stores the result in a third operand If necessary you may read again subsection 5 10 and 5 14 Representation Subtract Qut 1 2 3 Fig 6 46 n control input 01 an integer operand minuend a V cell wi
68. 11111111111111 1 07000000000000000 0 07000000000000001 0111111111111111 32767 Unsigned integer representation of a V cell content The content of the V cell is represented as an unsigned integer from 0 to 65535 namely 07000000000000000 0 0 000000000000001 1 0111111111111111 32767 1 000000000000000 32768 1 000000000000001 32769 1111111111111111 65535 Real number representation of the V cell content The content of the V cell is represented as a real number as explained in subsection 6 4 respectively in The Floating Point Concept para KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 9 Hexadecimal number representation of the V cell content The content of the V cell is represented as a hexadecimal number from 0 to FFFF 0000000000000000 0000 0000000000000001 0001 0000000000000111 0007 0000000000001111 000F 0000000011111111 OOFF 0000000111111111 O1FF 1000000111111111 81FF 1111111111111111 FFFF Long number representation of the V cell content In this case the V cell content is regarded as a part of a 32 bits signed integer also referred to as long number remember the twos complement concept subsection 5 14 The content of a V cell is considered as the second part of a 32 bit signed integer whose first is represented by V 4 cell Fig 9 5 Vn 1 cell Vn cell Spree ele s sss dpa ee Fig 9 5 A 32 bit signed integer represented by the content of two
69. 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 MNAUT AUTUN i DFMOD READY START Au or u Au lt 0 Au gt 0 DNRNG UPRNG DNALM UPALM DNDEV UPDEV WIR WIR WIR R WIR WIR R R R R R R R R unused bit R read only bit W R write read bit The detailed description of each Flags bit is outlined as follows Bit No 0 This bit is at logic 1 when the current value of the process variable has overshoot the Set Point value by a margin larger than the upper deviation value set in the UP Dev V cell also refer to Fig 6 85 Bit No 1 The bit is at logic 1 when the current value of the process variable has fallen below the Set Point value by a margin larger than the lower deviation value set in the DN Dev V cell also refer to Fig 6 85 Bit No 2 This bit is at logic 1 when the current value of the process variable is above the value set in the UP Alarm V cell also refer to Fig 6 85 Bit No 3 This bit is at logic 1 when the current value of the process variable is below the value set in the DN Alarm V cell also refer to Fig 6 85 Bit No 4 This bit is at logic 1 when the value of the output delta output is above the value set in the OUT UP Range V cell also refer to Fig 6 84 Bit No 5 This bit is at logic 1 when the value of the output delta output is below the value set in the OUT DN Range V c
70. 14 cells are assigned the following values V12 1010101010101010 V13 1001001001001001 V14 000000001 1111111 With X1 set to a logic 1 the contents of the V cells with numbers V12 V13 and V14 will be shifted left bit by bit For the current user program cycle the 1 output will be set to a logic 1 the most significant bit of V12 After the shift operation is completed the contents of V12 V13 and V14 will be as follows V12 0101010101010101 V13 0010010010010010 V14 0000000111111110 The least significant bit of V14 will be set to 0 after the shift The shift operation is disabled by a logic 0 at X1 Important Notes a In case of X1 continuously at logic 1 the SHIFT operation is executed on each controller cycle b The input of the SHIFT functional block may be controlled by a specific event pulse In this case the duration of this specific event pulse must be larger than the duration of one controller cycle 6 3 7 ADD The ADD functional block adds the contents of two integer operands and stores the result into a third integer operand If necessary you may read again subsection 5 10 and 5 14 Representation Add Qut 01 02 03 Fig 6 43 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 35 n control input O1 and C2 integer operands addends V cells with numbers between the range from V1 to V512 or constants within the range from 32768 to 32767 O3 aninteger operand sum V cell with a
71. 16 KID AI 3 KID Neuro Fig 2 26 2 20 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 11 CONNECTION OF INTELLIGENT SENSORS KID NEURO PLC 2 11 1 Using the LonWorks Protocol KID AI2 transmitter as well as all types of intelligent sensors compatible with the LonWorks protocol may be connected to the KID Neuro PLC LonWorks Network LonWorks LonWorks KID AI 2 KID AI 2 KID Neuro Fig 2 27 2 11 2 Using the HART Protocol SMART transmitters as well as all intelligent sensors compatible with the HART protocol may be connected to the KID Neuro PLC GATEWAY LonWorks Network LonWorks HART 24VDC Transmiter ROSEMOUNT KID Neuro Fig 2 28 The connection between LonWorks and HART is made by means of a GATEWAY module KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 21 2 12 CONNECTION OF OTHER PLC COMPATIBLE WITH RS485 INTERFACE TO KID NEURO PLC GATEWAY LonWorks Network LonWorks KID Neuro Fig 2 29 2 22 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual CHAPTER 3 KID NEURO PLC OPERATION 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 2 3 1 3 3 1 4 3 1 5 3 2 3 3 3 4 MODES KID NEURO PLC OPERATIONAL MODES Program Mode Work Mode Force Mode Debug Mode ForceD Mode RESETTING THE KID NEURO PLC KID NEURO PLC CYCLE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE KID NEURO PLC OPERATION KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 3 1 KID NEURO PLC OPERATIONAL MODES The KID Neuro PLC maintains the following five operational modes 3 1 1 Program Mo
72. 4 PID OUT for PID output 3 401 DAC IN for DAC input b For Bit variables V319 9 PID START for 9 th bit of V319 cell 319 10 PID READY for 10 th bit of V319 cell V319 11 AVR SLD CAL for Average Sliding Calculation c For Constants 6553 4mA for offset of 4 mA see Fig 6 90 and 6 91 26213 FULL RANGE for the range as per Fig 6 93 Step 2 Now you can start to fill in the Cross Reference Table A Select Integer variables Click the table field with the right mouse button the menu ADD Delete appears Click ADD option the Undefined fields appear on the top below Standard Name title and below User Name title Click Undef below Standard Name and enter V1 Click Undef below User Name and enter SCL1 pv Click again the right mouse button and click ADD Enter V4 respectively pV 1000 C as above Proceed similarly up to V401 the entries are illustrated in Fig 6 108 6 98 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual CrossReferenseT able xi Float Variables Bit Variables Constant Integer Variables Long Variables scll pv tmr var 1 pid smpl time pid out dac in 1000 Fig 6 108 B Select and click Bit Variables Enter the corresponding standard names and user names according your table Step 1 b C Select and click Constants Enter the corresponding standard names and user names according your table Step 1 c Now click OK to complete the Cross Reference Table Step 3
73. C button to download the PLC with the corresponding configuration of the analog inputs Finally close the ADC Settings dialog box 8 5 SETTING OF ASTRONOMICAL CLOCK OF KID NEURO PLC The astronomical clock of the PLC is contained in V240 to V246 cells as shown in Table 5 11 section 5 11 The setting of the PLC astronomical clock according to the Computer clock is accomplished as follows Call the PLC Debug Screen Fig 8 1 as described in subsection 8 1 The current state of the PLC clock can be monitored by selecting V240 to V246 cells 8 6 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual If setting is necessary click the Set Clock button on the PLC Debug Screen thus the PLC astronomical clock will be automatically set according to the computer clock 8 6 SETTING OF TIME AFTER FAST PROGRAM The Fast Program is used for special purposes in case of high speed operations synchronizations at some batch production processes refer also to section 5 2 The Fast Program deals with limited number of Digital Inputs and Digital Outputs so this is actually a Fast Logic Program The number of the Digital Inputs can be 0 or 8 or 16 which corresponds to their X1 to X8 or X1 to X16 operands The number of the Digital Outputs can be 0 or 8 or 16 which corresponds to their Y1 to Y8 or Y1 to Y16 operands It is forbidden to use the Fast Program operands into the regular logic program The Fast Program is a comparatively short program it occupies n
74. Controller Output u Vn 45 dOUT Delta output value at the output for one controller cycle i e Au Vn t6 IdOUT Absolute value of the delta output no sign Vn 17 Out UP Range Upper limit for OUT or dOUT Vin 18 Out DN Range Lower limit for OUT or OUT 05 Flags After the PID controller is selected from the buttons bar and after its number is entered the PID Dialog box is displayed on the screen Fig 6 83 PID Nol X Process Variable Set Point Dutput Mode PID Constants PID Alarms Ts k01 s Td UP Alarm 32767 s x 0 1 s DN Alarm 32768 Kr float o Ti s float in gu DEAD BAND Td s float o DN Dev D PID Output Ranges QuUPRene xor Out DN Range 32768 dOUT Cancel Flags Fig 6 83 6 74 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual As shown in Fig 6 83 the Dialog Box appears with the following default settings subject to the edition to follow Set Point 0 Ts 0 3 s being the smallest controller cycle K 0 Ti 0 Ta 0 OutVP Range 32767 being the max upper range also refer to Fig 6 84 OutDN Range 32768 being the min low range also refer to Fig 6 84 Alarm 32767 being the max upper alarm also refer to Fig 6 85 DN Alarm 32768 being the min low alarm also refer to Fig 6 85 UP Dev 0 also refer to Fig 6 85 DN Dev 0 also refer to Fig
75. F2 gt to lt F12 gt keys are multi functional lt F1 gt calls help information 5 9 USER PROGRAM SCANNING The user program is scanned from top to bottom and from left to right circuit by circuit in the order of entry of the commands The functions are processed asynchronously as a background program The execution of the function queries is slow and is practically impossible within a single scanning cycle The controller initiates the execution of the functions only after it has completed the processing of the relay program with 1 ms of each cycle allocated to function execution Thus the functions will be executed within several controller cycles A functions is considered completed after the execution operand R or Y is set to a logic 1 the execution results may be used by the user program only after the occurrence of this event 5 6 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 10 NUMERICAL DATA ENTRY The integers may be entered by the user as follows refer to para 5 13 as signed integers namely for positive signed integers within the range from 0 to 32767 for negative signed integers within the range from 0 to 32768 as unsigned integers from 0 up to 65535 In case the numerical data are entered as unsigned integers the largest number which may be stored into a V cell is equal to 65535 The user may enter integers within the range from 0 to 65535 which corresponds to the actual negative and positive
76. IGURATION AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 4 1 4 3 SET UP OF KID SERIES PLC S 4 1 CHAPTER 5 KID NEURO PLC OPERANDS COMMANDS FUNCTIONS AND DATA ENTRY 5 1 USER PROGRAM fe fuae C 5 1 5 2 FAST PROGRAM UNDER INTERRUPT sees 5 1 5 3 OPERANDS Le et odes Ee c EU d EL E ad 5 2 5 4 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS 5 ie et eid oec ds 5 3 5 5 SEQUENTIAL LOGIC COMMANDS 2 1 5 3 5 5 1 Ladder Logic COImmiatids 22 sd etes ads 5 3 5 5 2 Functional Block Commands Logic and Arithmetic Operations 5 4 ii KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 5 11 5 12 5 13 5 14 SEQUENTIAL LOGIC 8 2 2 2 2 5 5 FUNCTIONS s DEI eee at 5 5 USED KEYS on Bet a eem EE E 5 6 USER PROGRAM SCANNING 2 1 5 6 NUMERICAL DATA ENTRY 4 42 40 02 5 7 SERVICE INTEGER VARIABLES V CELLS 5 9 NUMERICAL IDENTIFICATION OF THE KID NEURO PLC 5 10 FLASH MEMORY SUPPORTED V CELLS
77. IOK fad ON constantly while the processor module and the digital inputs module are connected normally 1 ien ON at a logic 1 and OFF at a logic O at digital 9 input 1 2 ON at a logic 1 and OFF at a logic 0 at digital 9 input 2 8 green ON at a logic 1 and OFF at a logic O at digital input 8 2 6 1 24 V Digital Inputs Version With a switch over positive terminal KID Neuro PLC User s Manual F 24VDC 2 7 With switch over negative terminal ground Mixed connection A Attention The polarity of the switch over voltage must be strictly observed A Attention Any connection of 220 100V to the 24 V digital inputs may damage the digital module i i 4D Note The 24 V terminal is not used 2 8 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 6 2 220 V Digital Input Version With a switch over phase Mixed connection KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Phase 220V Ground Phase 220V Ground 2 9 2 7 CONNECTION DIGITAL OUTPUTS Table 2 11 Connector Type Description 24N terminal 1 5 mm Auxiliary power supply to the digital outputs module 1 terminal 1 5 mm Digital output 1 2 terminal 1 5 mm Digital output 2 8 terminal 1 5 mm Digital output 8 Table 2 12 LED Type Description Constantly ON when power supply voltage is red conne
78. Interface Edit Type Edit Commentary Tables Font Window Help afa al moa RIES For Help press 1 Length 0 Bytes OVR Fig 7 1 7 1 FILE MENU COMMANDS The File menu options are illustrated in Fig 7 2 New Creates a new file Contains the following submenus New File kpp opens a new file for the creation of a user program for KID Neuro PLC New File kpf opens a new file for the creation of a quick interrupt program for KID Neuro PLC New File mkp enclosed for future developments KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 7 1 File Edit View PLC Services 122 Interface Type Edit Commentary T NewFile Ctrl N Open Ctr O NewFile Fast kpf Ctrl F Close NewFile mkp Ctrl M Save Ctrl S Save As Print Ctrl P Print Preview Print Setup Check print font Print Cross Ref Table Print Connection Table Print Indicator Table 1 C My Documents r3 4 kpp 2 C XMy Documents Demol kpp 3 C My Documents ipf100 kpp 4C My Documents ipf6 kpp Convertible Load from Controller Save to Controller Exit Fig 7 2 Open Opens a hard disk file containing an user program or a quick interrupt program The user program files for KID Neuro PLC have an extension while the quick interrupt program files have the extension kpf After selecting a File Open command a dialog box is displayed containing the f
79. LP MENU COMMAND This command is similar to all Microsoft Windows based tools 7 11 BUTTONS TOOL BAR MENU COMMANDS The relevant Tool Bar menu buttons duplicate the majority of the above menus for facilitation of the user 7 12 MAIN BUTTONS STRIP The main buttons strip is located at the top of the main window of the programmer The buttons are used to enter commands into the user program Each of the buttons has a functional key assigned to it 7 14 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual W c 5 Functional Key Description aL AT Displays a floating menu for selecting the Load type commands a En Displays a floating menu for selecting the AND type commands L Ti Displays a floating menu for selecting the OR type commands i d VIII AE Inserts a Series command into the user program Inserts a Parallel command into the user program iQ is Displays a floating menu for selecting the Coil type commands ix Displays a floating menu for selecting the MCR END functional block Displays a floating menu for selecting the Arithmetic type Arithmetic commands ub F10 Displays a floating menu for selecting functional blocks F Block E F11 Displays a floating menu for selecting functions unchon F12 Inserts a SHIFT logic operation 7 13 LADDER COMMANDS QUICK
80. Load Commentary dialog box appears Type in the commentary for example input circuit and Click OK The commentary appears around 1 ready for accurate positioning Position the cursor on the commentary and drag left mouse button the text on the relevant position then click outside the text the entry of commentary is completed Fig 7 11 For the second chain proceed in the similar way 1 input circuit 1 R1 1 1 Y1 Y1 6 x2 R2 v2 2 Y Fig 7 11 B Edition of existing commentary Double click on the existing commentary displays the Load Commentary dialog box Enter the necessary changes and click OK to complete the edition C Cut Copy Paste Delete commentary There are two options to execute the above procedures Option 1 Using Edit Commentary button Click the commentary text to be processed Click Edit Commentary button a menu appears as shown in Fig 7 12 Edit Commentary Tables Fc Cut Commentary Copy Commentary Paste sommentary Del Commentray Delete all commentary Fig 7 12 7 8 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual The menu items provide the following opportunities Cut menu item deletes the beforehand positioned clicked commentary and sends the deleted text into Clipboard Copy menu item sends the beforehand positioned clicked commentary into Clipboard only Del Commentary menu item deletes the beforehand positioned clicked commentary without sending into
81. NEURO PLC DIMENSIONS 11er eene 1 7 PACKAGING 2uictitsencetutco Rc cube p chats UR ERU 1 7 KID NEURO PLC POWER SUPPLY essent 2 1 KID NEURO PLC TO PERSONAL COMPUTER CONNECTION 2 2 CONNECTION OF THE KID NEURO PLC TO A LONWORKS NETWORK 2 3 CONNECTION HIGH SPEED COUNTER 2 4 WDO CONNECTION Sie Conte deter abre eel ert dee ae as 2 6 CONNECTION OF DIGITAL INPUTS sse 2 7 247 Digital Versio o LOL 2 7 220 V Digital Input VersiQfi eh pe auspice Pia Pata tob 2 9 CONNECTION OF DIGITAL 8 2 10 Dry Contact Digital Outputs 2 11 MOSFET Switch Digital Outputs 2 13 CONNECTION OF 8 22 222 2 2 2 14 Connection for Voltage Measuremient accesserat tentent 2 14 Connection for Current 022 4 00 00 2 15 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual i 2 8 3 Connection for Resistance 2 2 0 0 0 6 2 16 2 8 4 Mixed Connection creen e e t OR REX RR D IR UR REN
82. QOOQQOO x0 QOOQOOQO xv 2 j Raw X15 SSOSOGOS 21 000000 Fig 9 4a Fig 9 4b Normal presentation Raw in 8 presentation in pellets form The quick search of inputs can be accomplished by the Scroll bar Each X input is present with its number and the relevant logic 1 or logic 0 state as per the logic program Click on Raw x 8 displays the inputs in groups of eight Fig 9 4b the zero logic state is shown by grey pellets while the logic 1 state is represented by green pellets Placing the cursor on a pellet displays the number of the input The digital inputs which are not recognized as actual physical inputs may be used as internal variables 9 6 4 The Digital Outputs Y Field The digital outputs from Y1 to Y128 are displayed in the field adjacent to the X1 X128 field Fig 9 3 The explanations outlined in the above subsection 9 3 5 are valid for this subsection with one only exception the colour used for this field is red 9 6 5 The internal Relays R Field The internal relays from R1 to R256 are displayed in the field adjacent to the Y1 Y 128 field Fig 9 3 The explanations outlined in the Digital Inputs X1 X128 subsection are valid for this subsection but the colour is blue KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 7 9 6 6 The V cell Field The integer variables from V1 to V512 V cells are listed in two lists Fig 9 3 which allows the
83. Result are designated for entry of the equation operands V cell or a constant The first operand in a mathematical function MUST be always an integer operand V cell The fields NOP are designated for selection and automatically entry of the type of operation A selection list of operations is provided namely a sign for addition a sign for subtraction X a sign for multiplication multiplied by a sign for division divided by z 1 2 a sign for square root radical sign 1 z a sign for reciprocal value 2 2 a sign for square power of two lt gt a sign for setting upper and lower limits equal to but in the limits from to a sign for equal equals to NOP is an abbreviation for No Operation and appears initially in all fields allocated for the type of operation KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 65 The fields situated right hand respect to the 6 operand fields are designated for entry of the initial values of the operands if such When the program is loaded the internal variable is initiated with this value It is recommended to use V300 to V400 for this purpose As shown in Fig 6 76 all initial values are set to zero at the beginning The Integer buttons Fig 6 76 provide a selection of the type of operand preservation the operand format a Integer occupies one V cell b Floating point occupies automatically two consecutive V cells c Constant
84. T Lt induction load D auxiliary damping diode A Attention It is necessary to match the polarity of Uout A Attention The connection of the auxiliary damping diode D is obligatory AN Attention For the MOSFET digital outputs version the connection of 220 V may damage the module KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 13 2 8 CONNECTION ANALOG INPUTS EH J Note The 30 Q R1 to R5 resistors represent internal analog inputs for the module Table 2 13 LED Type Description 1 green ON at query from the processor to the analog to digital converter ADC 2 green ON when ADC is ready to sample ON at supply voltage connected to the analog 3 reg inputs module 4 Note LED s 4 to 8 and 24 V OK are not used 2 8 1 Connection for Voltage Measurement Three differential channels R4 R5 R 10 KQ to 1 MO 2 14 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual ive quasi differential channels Fig 2 20 2 8 2 Connection for Current Measurement Three differential channels R4 R5 Fig 2 21 R 10 to 1 MQ a 22 Note wires designated with a thicker line must be as short as possible KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 15 Five quasi differential channels Fig 2 22 Note wires designated with thicker line must be as short as possible 2 8 3 Connection for Resistance Measurem
85. T A fast program under interrupt shall mean an user generated series of relay contact logic and functional blocks Unlike the basic user program the fast program under interrupt can not contain functions The max number of steps which may be entered into a fast program under interrupt is about 100 The execution of a fast program under interrupt is started by a positive edge at the high speed counter inputs F11 of the KID Neuro PLC The Time after Fast Program parameter is related to the fast program under interrupt This parameter represents the shortest interval between two successive executions of the fast program under interrupt see subsection 8 6 The fast program under interrupt is loaded into the KID Neuro PLC simultaneously with the basic user program KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 1 Unlike the basic user program the fast program under interrupt is not obligatory element of the KID Neuro PLC software 5 3 OPERANDS The commands used to enter sequential logic into the KID Neuro PLC contain both logic and integer operands with the following identifiers Integer operands Table 5 1 Identifier Range Description V1 V512 Internal integer operand V cell The figure which may be stored in the operand may range between 32768 to 32767 V300 V400 when an user program is loaded the values are burned in a FLASH non volatile memory These values are read upon EACH KID Neuro PLC RESET
86. The BLOCK Move functional block moves the contents of one block of operands into another block of operands Terms and Definitions Assume the content of a set also referred to as a Block of a numbers of consecutive V cells has to be moved i e to become content of to another set Block of a N numbers of consecutive V cells as shown in Fig 6 36 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 29 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 Block 1 Source Block bs The transfer is executed Y 1 7 4 l 1 i simultaneously V100 V101 V102 V103 V104 V105 V106 Block 2 Destination Block Fig 6 36 The following terms and definitions have to be mentioned with reference to the example shown in Fig 6 36 a b Each set of the V cells is referred to as Block The first Block i e Block 1 is the set of V11 to V17 consecutive cells whose contents have to be MOVED FROM This block is also referred to as Source Block The V11 cell is referred to as the first i e the initial V cell of Block 1 Its index is 11 d The number N of the V cells in Block 1 is 7 seven e The second block i e Block 2 is the set of V100 to V106 consecutive cells where the contents from Block 1 have to be MOVED TO This block is also referred to as Destination Block The V100 cell is referred to as the first i e initial V cell of Block 2 Its index is 100
87. The number N of the V cells in Block 2 is 7 seven obviously The fundamental characteristics of Block 1 are The index of the first V cell in our example this is an integer 11 The number N of the V cells in Block 1 for our example this is the integer 7 The fundamental characteristics of Block 2 are The index of the first V cell in our example this is an integer 100 The same number N of the V cells in Block 2 for our example this is the same integer 7 Each integer reflecting the index of the first V cell has to become content of to be memorized by a specific V cell For our purpose this V cell is referred to as INDEX HOLDER V cell It is clear that we shall use two Index Holder V cells one for each Block Based on the above explanations it becomes clear that for the operation MOVE FROM MOVE TO we have to enter the following information to be assigned to a BLOCK MOVE functional block a b The Index Holder V cell related to Block 1 The value for this Index Holder V cell i e an integer equal to the index of the first V cell of Block 1 c The Index Holder V cell related to Block 2 d The value for this Index Holder V cell i e an integer equal to the index of the first V cell of Block 2 An integer equal to the number of the V cells in a Block this integer is equal for the two blocks 6 30 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Representation Block Move O1 O2 1 12 Fig 6 37 n con
88. V300 to V399 V cells Case 2 Regular Operation The initial values and constants in all V1 to V512 V cells may change substantially during the regular operation Case 3 POWER DOWN POWER CUT OFF a All V cells contain current values relevant to the moment of power cut off b The Flash Memory section supporting V300 V399 cells still contains the initials values as per Case 1 b c The PLC processor stops the scanning the outputs and stops the generation of signals for the plant Case 4 POWER RESTART Operation The following procedures take place in a chronological sequence First the Flash Memory reloads the initial values into V300 to V399 cells Therefore now V cells from V1 to V299 and from V400 to V512 contain the current values as per Case 3 a The V cells from V300 to V399 are reloaded with the initial values as per Case 1 Second the execution of the logic program is initiated but only after the transfer Flash Memory to V300 V399 is completed 5 14 BINARY ARITHMETIC Basic information about the Binary Arithmetic is outlined in this para The readers who are familiar with this subject can ignore this para The binary addition operation is the fundamental arithmetic operation while the binary subtraction multiplication and division can be essentially performed by repetitive sequences of binary addition This is the reason to modify accordingly the presentation of th
89. Y3 x3 V407 Bs ale 2 YA XA V408 z I zl zl E vl xs lE m m E I s E m E m E Y7 X7 m m s I sl 22 s sl E valel xe 8 s s Slot 1 Slot 2 Slot 3 Slot 4 Slot 5 Slot 6 Slot 7 Slot 8 Slot 9 Fig 5 1 The following memory cells of the KID Neuro PLC are allocated to the high speed counter inputs and for the WDO X100 high speed counter input F11 X101 high speed counter input FI2 Y100 WDO 5 13 FLASH MEMORY SUPPORTED V CELLS The preservation of some operands or constants or initial values may be of vital importance One hundred 100 V cells starting with V 300 are provided for such purposes These 100 V cells are supported by Flash memory as illustrated in Fig 5 2 SAVE V1 V512 values BATTERY BACK UP MEMORY Fig 5 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 11 After the generation of a program is completed and is saved your Hard Disk the program must be saved in PLC This is executed as follows Case 1 Save To Controller Procedure a All V1 to V512 V cells are loaded with the initial values entered during the generation of the program on Save to Controller command b Simultaneously the initial values entered during the generation of the program are loaded and preserved into the Flash Memory section designated to support
90. acturer It is located in the motherboard on the right part of the processor module 1 2 4 Communication Module The communication module is designed to connect the KID Neuro PLC to the LonWorks network The module is installed on the processor PCB The communication module is optional to the basic KID Neuro PLC configuration The connector and the LED indicators are located on the processor module 1 2 5 Input Output Modules The maximum number of input output modules which can be installed on the KID Neuro PLC is 12 They are installed on the motherboard into slots numbered from 1 to 12 The modules may be arbitrarily arranged regardless of their type The input output module and the associated front sticker are shown on Fig 1 1 1 4 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 100 ndustrial Software Tu Eur uc Ferd E ud b ud e pur ed pr ud 0 01 I KID Neuro I O F 108 A v Fig 1 1 The images on the front sticker for all types of input output modules are identical A field is allocated at the bottom of the sticker which the user may use to indicate the type of the input output module by checking the appropriate box A for analog input or D for digital input respectively A D for the outputs 1 2 5 1 Digital Inputs Module The digital inputs module is used to connect local digital inputs to the KID Neuro PLC Each
91. al block to be arranged in an ordinary way for example X1 and Y1 Solution The input output commands are entered as already explained To enter the DIVIDE functional block follow the next steps Click Arithmetic button on Kidbar a pull down menu appears Click Divide function on the pull down menu a dialog box appears as shown in Fig 6 53 Type in V2 in O1 field the dividend This means that we identify the set of two consecutive V2 and V3 cells only by the first member of this set i e V2 Type in the initial value 54 below the O1 field Type in V4 in O2 field the divisor Type in the initial value 2 in the field below O2 field Type in V5 in Result O3 field This means that we identify the set of two consecutive V5 and V6 cells only by the first member of this set namely V5 Click OK A circuit appears as shown in Fig 6 54 reflecting your entries KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 45 Fig 6 54 At X1 1 V5 assumes a value which is equal to the result of the division of the two integers in cells V2 and V4 The remainder from the division is stored in V6 At X1 0 the block is disabled 1 J Note It must be always taken into account that the dividend consists of two successive V cells The number of the first V cell is entered as an operand while the number of the second is not entered or indicated anywhere although the second V cell is used That is why it is not allowed to use the second V cell as
92. an operand in some other functional block relay circuit or function as this will lead to an improper interlinking in values and results The same applies to the result from the division as it is allocated also in two V cells with successive numbers AN Attention The MCR functional block does not affect the block operation 6 3 11 DRUM The DRUM functional block is used for switching of user defined combinations of the states of logic operands Depending on the control impact the DRUM block stores one of these combinations into the respective integer operand Representation Fig 6 55 n control input Vn start of the drum file a V cell with a number n within the range from 1 to 507 V1 V507 Out functional block output Important Note In case of DRUM functional block the term output is referred to two different subjects namely a The term Out Fig 6 55 is devoted to the functional block output hereafter referred to as FB output in this subsection 6 46 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual b The DRUM combination output is stored V cell normally referred to as V cell whose 16 bit logic states manifest the corresponding combination of logic operands Each bit of this V cell acts as a contact a closed contact is represented by logic 1 of the corresponding bit whereas the open contact is represented by a logic 0 of the corresponding bit Hereafter this combinations output is re
93. and enter 300 Enter V320 into the Output field the following N V cells appear in the field below 321 0 Click and enter 10 V322 0 Click and enter 40 V323 0 Click and enter 90 V324 0 Click and enter 160 V325 0 Click and enter 200 V326 0 Click and enter 250 The completed dialog box is shown in Fig 6 68 Count Cancel Input vano Dutput va20 Point vao 0 YPoint vz2t 0 V302 0 V322 0 V303 0 V323 0 Fig 6 68 Click OK Generate Y1 coil The completed circuit is shown in Fig 6 69 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 57 YI 5 Input V300 Output V320 Count 6 Fig 6 69 An APPROX functional block existing within an user program may be edited using the procedure described in section 6 3 6 3 13 MCR Master Reset Relay The MCR Master Reset Relay functional block sets to 0 the Out command logic operands located in its zone of impact The switch used to disconnect the relay coils in the electro mechanical relay contact circuits from the power source may be interpreted as being the equivalent of the MCR functional block Representation In 1 MCRD zone of impact In 2 c MCR END5 Fig 6 70 In1 and In2 functional block control inputs command indicating the beginning of the zone of impact MCREND command indicating the end of the zone of MCR impact Cha
94. arts the implementation of a high speed program see 5 2 The high speed counter inputs may be used also as normal digital inputs Table 2 7 Connector Type Description terminal 1 5 mm High speed counter input F11 FI2 terminal 1 5 mm High speed counter input FI2 Table 2 8 LED Type Description FI1 green ON at logic 1 and OFF at logic 0 2 green ON at logic 1 and OFF at logic 0 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 5 2 5 WDO CONNECTION WDO represents a digital open collector output It is connected to the processor through an optrone used for galvanic isolation see Fig 2 6 o max 50V KID Neuro Q ndustrial Software Fig 2 6a o max 50V KID Neuro Q ndustrial Software Fig 2 6b Rt active load N Attention The Vcc voltage must not exceed 50 V DC Table 2 9 Connector Type Description WDO terminal 1 5 mm Digital open collector output 2 6 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 6 CONNECTION DIGITAL INPUTS A4 Note The 24 V terminal is not used Table 2 10 Connector Type Description 24V terminal 1 5 mm Not Used 1 terminal 1 5 mm Digital input 1 2 terminal 1 5 mm Digital input 2 8 terminal 1 5 mm Digital input 8 LED TYPE Description 24V
95. atics 2 V320 V321 V3004V305 V310 z 2 V12 V13 Y1 Fig 6 81 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 71 6 4 2 PID Controller The KID Neuro PLC is supplied with the option to generate PID controllers They are entered in a way similar to the entering of functions by filling in firm format files Up to 8 PID controllers may be included in an user program As all other functions the PID regulator is executed in background mode The basic Plant Controller configuration is shown in Fig 6 82 Extraneous Disturbance Process e t u t Plant variable e Controller D object 1 6 4 2 1 PID Algorithms The typical PID algorithm is expressed by the following equation u t T Pd 6 3 where u t 1 is the controller output is the gain also known as proportional gain e t sp t pv t is the system error or also known as unbalance sp t is the Set Point value also known as target pv t is the current value of the Process Variable Ti is the isodrom time Important Note In case T 0 the integral component is automatically annulled Ta is the differentiation time constant advance time In a digital discrete format the PID controller algorithm is given by the equation U k is exte 6 4 where kr is the gain n is a number Ts is the duration of the PID controller cycle Ts min 300 ms Un is the PID controller output at the moment n Ts En Spr Pvn is the system e
96. ative signed integer 16384 Solution 17100000000000000 16384 represented as negative signed twos complement integer 1 17100000000000001 16383 represented as negative signed integer Example 5 8 Add 1 to the negative signed integer 1 1111111111111111 1 asa negative signed twos complement integer E 07000000000000000 0 Example 5 9 Subtract 1 from the negative signed integer 2 Solution Version a Pure subtraction 1111111111111110 2 1 1111111111111101 3 negative signed twos complement integer Version b Performing subtraction by addition of 1 represented as negative signed twos complement integer 1111111111111110 2 as negative signed twos complement integer 1 111111111111111 1 as negative signed twos complement integer 1 111111111111101 3 as negative signed twos complement integer Example 5 10 Subtract 1 from the negative signed twos complement integer 32768 Solution Version a Pure subtraction 1 000000000000000 32768 as negative signed twos complement integer 1 0111111111111111 32767 IMPORTANT NOTE In this extreme case the V cell is overflowed and the result 32769 will be read as 32767 5 18 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Version b Performing subtraction by addition of 1 represented as negative signed twos complement integer 1 000000000000000 32768 as negative signed twos complement integer 1 111111111111111 1 as negative signed twos c
97. below and enter the 1 2 operation sign Skip over 6 th operand field select from NOP field below and enter the lt gt operation sign automatically the High Limit and Low Limit field appear an the Dialog Block Enter V12 into the Result operation field Enter the upper limit 2000 into the High Limit field Enter the lower limit 600 into the Low Limit field Enter X1 as condition operand Enter 1 as R Y Ready operand The Dialog Box entries are illustrated in Fig 6 79b KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 69 Mathematics Fig 6 79b Now click OK on the Dialog Box to complete the function as shown in Fig 6 80 Function Mathematics 1 x1 Fig 6 80 6 70 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Example 6 18 Generate the following mathematical function 2 1 596 1300 4 V310 V8 Solution This equation cannot be generated by using only one function Therefore two Mathematics have to be used 1 Mathematics 1 for V4 1300 V8 V12 V13 floating point V300 V305 Mathematics 2 for V310 2 V42 V13 V320 V321 floating point Important Note Make sure the R Y Ready logic operand of Mathematics 1 must be used as Condition X Y R operand for Mathematics 2 The corresponding solution is illustrated in Fig 6 81 Function Mathematics 1 v12 v13 Vv4 z 2 1300 v8 z 1 2 17z 1 Function Mathem
98. characteristics of the block are The first V cell of the set i e the start operand The number of the consecutive V cells in the block i e the count of operands Representation Shift Left Right Qut O1 lt lt gt gt O2 Fig 6 40 n control input Ol aninteger operand indicating the beginning of the block which is subject to bit by bit shift i e the start operand a V cell with a number within the range from V1 to V512 O2 aninteger operand indicating the end of the block which is subject to bit by bit shift this appears automatically due to entering of the start operand and the count of operands Out output Characteristics The number of the SHIFT functional bloc is limited only by the number of V cell used in the KID Neuro PLC The control input of the block is connected to a circuit whose state enables or disables the block operation KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 33 Principle of operation With the control input set to a logic 1 a bit by bit shift is executed at each cycle of the user program The block is disabled by a logic 0 at the control input At SHIFT LEFT the state of the most significant bit of the initial V cell is transferred to the block output The least significant bit is set to a logic 0 At SHIFT RIGHT the state of the least significant bit is transferred to the block output The most significant bit is set to a logic 0 Entering Generate the X1 network
99. check the connection from the KID Neuro PLC outputs and the controlled equipment The user program and the fast program under interrupt if loaded are not executed 3 1 4 Debug Mode The Debug mode is used to adjust and set the values in the user program The user program is executed while the PLC is in the Debug mode with any interference into program having a direct effect on the program execution KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 3 1 3 1 5 ForceD Mode The ForceD mode is used to adjust and set the data in the user program The difference between the ForceD and Debug mode is that in the ForceD mode the values at the inputs are set by the user In the ForceD mode the user program is executed with every interference having a direct effect on the program execution The ForceD allows for the step by step execution of the user program with pauses between each processing cycle 3 2 RESETTING THE KID NEURO PLC RESET After the power supply voltage is switched on RESET the KID Neuro PLC executes a procedure for self test as shown on Fig 3 1 Initializing of discrete output S user programi valid Program Mode Program Start PLC cycle 3 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Fig 3 1 The digital outputs of the KID Neuro PLC are reset to 0 after the power supply is switched no signals are generated to the controlled equipment A RAM test is run If the test is successful the PLC proce
100. chine communication the coefficient of proportionality K in the equation N K 0 must be 1 or denary multiple of 1 i e 10 or 100 etc From Fig 6 91 follows that this coefficient is K 26213 4 26 213 1000 Consequently by dividing N by 26 213 we can obtain the value of this coefficient to be 1 but division by floating point number requires implementation of Mathematical Functions which are designated for more complex calculations For such simple operation it is preferable to use DIVIDE Functional Block but it operates with integers only Therefore we first multiply by 1000 integer using MULTIPLY Functional Block 26213000 Multiplay V1x1000 V2 0 1000 C Fig 6 92 and then divide the content of V2 cell by 26213 integer 6 82 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 1000 units DIVIDE V2 26213 V4 0 1000 C Fig 6 93 Thus the complete process information flow chart will appear as shown in Fig 6 94 OUTPUT 0 20mA process variable DIVIDE V2 26213 V4 Fig 6 94 MULTIPLY V1x1000 V2 SUBTRACT V201 6553 V1 The scaled process variable value is moved from V4 cell to V cell which is the PID controller input V cell refer to Table 6 3 A MOVE Functional Block is used for this purpose The V 14 cell contains the information about the PID controller output value refer again to Table 6 3 This information must be
101. command in the following way 1 Select the command before which the replacement will have to be made 2 Insert the new command and its operand Delete the old the replaced command as described above In case the selected command and the command which must be inserted are included in one and the same group the replacement can be made by clicking on the selected command and by selecting a new command from the menu which is displayed 6 2 1 Entering Simple Circuits A simple circuit shall mean a circuit consisting of a combination of the Load contact And Or and Out Output commands These commands are executed by the KID Neuro PLC in the order in which they were entered The Load type command are obligatory in order to generate the beginning of a circuit A command may be deleted inserted or replaced using the procedures described above Example 6 1 V11 0 R1 x8 Y5 jJ Fig 6 2 The generation of the above circuit is made with the following sequence of operations edit mode INS Step 1 1 Click Load button on the Kidbar A list of contacts appears 2 Click the contact symbol H The selected contact appears in the circuit together with a dialogue box for Bit Operands KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 3 3 Type in the Bit Operand X1 4 Enter the Bit Operand X1 NOTE The operation No 4 can be executed by a click outside the operand field Step 2 1 Click Or button on the Kidbar A list of co
102. cted to the digital outputs module 1 red ON at logic 1 and OFF at logic 0 at logic output 1 2 red ON at logic 1 and OFF at logic 0 at logic output 2 8 red ON at logic 1 and OFF at logic 0 at logic output 8 A Attention The discrete outputs modules require an auxiliary 24 V DC power supply voltage which is connected to terminal 24V 2 10 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 7 1 Dry Contact Digital Outputs Version Connecting an active load 24V OK 24V OK 10020 10020 Rt active load Connection of an induction type of load to a DC voltage source F Uout Lt induction load D auxiliary damping diode Uout max 220V DC A Attention The connection of the auxiliary damping diode D is obligatory A Note The 24 V DC and Uout voltages may be supplied by separate sources or by single source KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Connecting of an active load to an AC voltage source t 220V Rt active load Connection of an induction load to an AC voltage source 24VDC 220V Lt induction load R 100 Q 1W C 10 100 nF 600V A Attention The connection of a damping RC group is obligatory 2 12 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 7 2 MOSFET Switch Digital Outputs Version Connection of an active load MOSFET Rt active load A Attention It is necessary to match the polarity of Uout Connecting of an induction load MOSFE
103. culated which means that dOUT 0 and OUT does not change its value 6 76 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual The value of the upper deviation is entered into the UP Dev field within the range from 0 to 32767 relevant to the target Set Point UP Dev limits from above the Dead Band in which the PID controller output remains unchanged and in which the delta output is set to 0 When the current value Process Variable overshoots the target Set Point by a value equal to UP Dev the upper deviation bit in the flags cell Flags UPDEV is set to logic 1 and the calculation of the PID controller is started The value of the lower deviation is entered into the DN Dev field within the range from 0 to 32767 relevant to the target Set Point DN Dev limits from below the Dead Band in which the PID controller output remains unchanged and in which the delta output is set to 0 When the current value Process Variable falls below the target Set Point by a value equal to DN Dev the lower deviation bit in the flags cell Flags DNDEV is set to logic 1 and the calculation of the PID controller is started IMPORTANT NOTES a The setting value of UP Dev limit must be always in accordance with the following relationship see Fig 6 85 Set Point UP Dev 32767 b The setting value of DN Dev limit must be always in accordance with the following relationship see Fig 6 85 Set Point DN Dev gt 32768 It is important to remember that whe
104. d readings for example are Douglas V Hall Microprocessors and Digital Systems McGraw Hill Book ISBN 0 07 025552 0 Meadows A J Parsons Microprocessors Essentials Components and Systems Pitman ISBN 0 27301904X The fixed point systems represent all numbers as integers or fractions A floating point system can represent numbers that contain both an integer part and a fraction part Such numbers are called floating point numbers The floating point number representation has the advantage of being able to accommodate a much wider range of numbers for a given number of bits than fixed point In general the floating point representation of number of any base may be written in the form nztmb where n is the number m is known as the mantissa b is known as the base e is known as the exponent When the mantissa m is a fraction with no zeros immediately after the point separating whole and fractional parts the number is said to be in normalized floating point form In this case the mantissa lies within the range 0 12 m lt 1 i e 050 lt m lt 1 where 0 12 denotes a binary number 05 0 denote a denary number A typical illustration of a floating point number using 32 bits or two V cells each of 16 bits is shown in Fig 6 73 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4 MM eM Exponent 24 bit mantissa Binary point Sign of exponent Sign of mant
105. d under the O1 field Type in V12 as multiplier in O2 field Type in the initial value 76 in the field under the O2 field Type in V5 in Result O3 field This means that we identify the set of two consecutive V5 and V6 cells only by the first member of this set i e V5 Click OK A circuit appears as shown in Fig 6 51 reflecting correctly your entries 6 42 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Fig 6 51 At X171 V5 plus V6 assume a value which is equal to the result from the multiplication of the values in V2 and V12 As the result is a 32 bit figure the result is stored automatically into the internal variables V5 and V6 with V5 assuming the less significant portion and V6 the more significant portion of the figure Bit 15 of V6 is used as a sign bit At X170 the block is disabled AN Attention The MCR functional block does not affect the block operation 6 3 10 DIVIDE The DIVIDE functional block divides the values of two integer operands and stores the result into a third operand Representation Divide Qut 1 2 Fig 6 52 n control input 01 an integer operand dividend an 32 bit integer It is stored always in set of two successive V cells in the range V1 to V511 The set is identified by the first V cell The first V cell is used for the less significant portion of the variable whereas the second V cell is used for the more significant portion of the variable including the
106. de The Program mode is used for user programming of the KID Neuro PLC The following operations may be executed in the Program mode creation and editing of user programs loading of user programs into the KID Neuro PLC memory reading of user programs from the KID Neuro PLC memory KID Neuro PLC hardware check change of the KID Neuro PLC ID number loading of linearization tables setting the range of the analog inputs setting of the KID Neuro PLC system clock setting the value of the Time after Fast Program The user program and the fast program under interrupt if loaded are not executed while the KID Neuro PLC is in the Program mode The outputs of the KID Neuro PLC are disconnected from their current sources which means that no control signals are transmitted to the controlled equipment 3 1 2 Work Mode While in Work mode the KID Neuro PLC executes the user program in successive cycles The following actions are executed for a single KID Neuro PLC cycle the state of the physical inputs is readed executes the set user program step by step in the order of loading generates control signals to the controlled equipment which signals are calculated according to the settings in the user program The Work mode may be initiated only in case there is a user program loaded 3 1 3 Force Mode The Force mode allows the user to directly control the outputs of the KID Neuro PLC This mode is used to
107. ded to the PLC only on Program mode The selected User Program and Fast Program are saved to KID Neuro PLC memory by pressing clicking the Save to PLC button The Fast Program may not be loaded independently without loading an User Program 9 4 READING OF PROGRAMS FROM PLC The term Programs is referred to User Programs as well as to Fast Programs The reading of programs from KID Neuro PLC is accomplished in the following way Click File menu Click Load from Controller menu item the dialog box Load from PLC appears as shown in Fig 9 2 p Load Krom Restore Erogcam PLC Mode dit Progam Load From PLC Load From PLC Fig 9 2 Important Reading of programs from KID Neuro PLC is possible only on Program mode The controller mode is changed by using PLC Mode field Pressing clicking the Load from PLC button starts the reading of the User Program and of the Fast Program if present from the KID Neuro PLC memory The contents of the two programs is visualized in two separate windows on the screen KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 3 9 5 MONITORING 9 5 1 The Programs The programs can be called from your hard disk Design Version or from the PLC Execution Version 9 5 2 The Hardware Configuration The actual Hardware Configuration can be called and monitored as follows refer also to sub
108. ds or number of bytes status of the button is toggled clicking The R Y for execution logic operand R or Y is entered into the Result R or Y field The first of the series of the logic or integer operands in the memory of the target controller from which the function was requested is entered into the Start Write to X Y R V field After the file is filled in press Enter or click on the OK button In case of errors for instance an integer operand has been entered into a field allocated to logic operands in case the number of the operands or of bytes is larger than the highest permissible number and others the CF file will not be entered and error messages are displayed on the screen to indicate the improper entries Example 6 21 Enter a Comm Read function under No 1 Complying with condition X12 the function must read the contents of 4 V cells with numbers from V66 to V69 from controller No 1 V66 V69 The logic operand for execution is Y5 The error message is Y6 The data to be entered in V9 V12 Solution The file of the CF must be filled in as shown on Fig 6 106 Communication Read No 1 X Read from Controller No Condition Y R x12 Start Read from ves Cancel KYRN InfoEr R Y vg Length 8 Byte Start Write to rs KYR 3 24 Fig 6 106 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 95 6 5 ENTRY COMMENTARIES A commentary may be ent
109. e MCR command from Kidbar select and enter MCR from the pull down menu Enter the portion of the ladder logic in which the Out commands must be disabled i e generate the ladder logic program included into the MCR zone of impact Enter the MCR input control circuit again Select the MCR command from Kidbar select and enter MCR End from the pull down menu A sample of a circuitry using MCR functional block is shown in Fig 6 71 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 59 R1 x3 1 END Fig 6 71 With X1 1 the states of Y1 Y2 Y3 are at logic 0 regardless of the state of X2 R1 and X3 Nevertheless Divide F Block is executed with regard of state With X1 0 the state of Y 1 Y2 and Y3 is determined by the state of X2 resp R1 resp X3 6 4 ENTERING AND EDITING OF FUNCTIONS There are three basic types of functions which may be included in a user program mathematical functions MF PID controller communication functions read write The functions are entered in compliance with a general principle namely by creating firm files The functions are entered by clicking Function button A menu is displayed which is used to select the function A dialog box actually the file of the selected function is displayed The logic or integer operands are set depending on the specific features of the selected function The programmer issues an error message in case an operand was entered
110. e binary numbers The procedure of this modification is described below So far we have considered the binary numbers as an absolute value magnitude i e as unsigned binary numbers In unsigned binary the number is assumed simply as a number where the 1s carry the appropriate power of 2 weightings in other words this is a pure binary presentation In this case all bits of a cell are utilized for presentation of the unsigned binary 5 12 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual number For example the following 16 bit unsigned binary numbers represent the corresponding absolute value magnitude 1111111111111111 65535 1000000000000000 32768 1000000000000001 32769 0000000000110011 61 0000000000000000 0 Although for some applications simple unsigned binary is adequate in almost all computer applications where arithmetic operations are involved there is a need to represent both positive and negative numbers and produce the correct signed result The simplest form of signed binary representation is where the sign of the number is indicated by the most significant bit MSB This bit is reserved not to denote any numerical value but simply to indicate the polarity or sign of the number The binary number possessing both polarity and magnitude presentation is referred to as sign and magnitude binary number In the sign and magnitude representation MSB is set to 0 to indicate a positive magnitude of the number MSB is set to 1 to
111. e command Load from Controller Network Connections When clicking this option the following dialog box appears Fig 7 16 Network Settings X From Network to PLC From PLC to Network V No PLC No Start V 8 Send Time Network Variables nvi amp nla 8 nviDisc 15 nvo amp nla 8 nvoDisc 15 Cancel Fig 7 16 The above menu command and the relevant Network Settings table provide capability for entering the data relating to LonWorks network connections between the KID Neuro PLCs KID Neuro PLC can be used as a regular LonWorks Module It can be connected to other LonWorks modules using standard LonWorks philosophy network variables network connections etc This requires solid knowledge about network techniques and experience on system integration approach for such systems Therefore this section is subject to a separate technical document referred to as KID Neuro PLC Interoperable LonWorks System Manual Cross Reference Table This option is used to assign user names to operands in the logic programs Fig 7 17 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 7 13 CrossReferenseT able X Float Variables Bit Variables Constant Integer Variables Long Variables Fig 7 17 The detailed description of this command has been outlined already in subsection 6 6 User Names 7 9 WINDOW MENU COMMAND This command is similar to all Microsoft Windows based tools 7 10 HE
112. e internal variable is initiated with this value when the user program is loaded into the KID Neuro PLC It is recommended to use initial variables from V300 to V400 Note It must be taken into account that the result from the multiplication is stored into two V cells with successive numbers When entering the result operand only the number of the first cell is entered while the number of the second V cell is not entered or indicated anywhere although it is used It is not allowed to set the second V cell as an operand for some other functional block relay circuit or function as this will result into an inadmissible interlink of values and results Example 6 10 Generate a circuitry containing a MULTIPLY functional block in order to provide multiplication of the content of V2 cell initial value say 5 by the content of V12 cell initial value say 76 The result to be stored in the two consecutive V cells namely V5 and V6 The input control circuit as well as the output of the functional block to be arranged in an ordinary way for example X1 and Y1 Solution The input output commands are entered as already explained To enter the MULTIPLY functional block proceed as follows Click Arithmetic button on Kidbar a pull down menu appears Click Multiply function on the pull down menu a dialog box appears on the screen as shown in Fig 6 50 Type in V2 as multiplicand in O1 field Type in the initial value 5 in the value fiel
113. e moment n is the value calculated according eq 6 7 for the moment n B amp 4 is the B value calculated according eq 6 8 for the moment n 1 The above calculation eq 6 8 is referred to as sliding average calculation and the PID controller delta output will be given by the following equation AU tite 6 9 Bit No 12 unused Bit No 13 unused Bit No 14 Auto Tune procedure a When the bit is entered as logic 1 The Auto Tune procedure is initiated if beforehand the bit No 15 is raised to logic 1 Note There is an additional Auto Tune Limitation Tool in the programmer i e this tool has to be used when Auto Tune procedure must be initiated When the Auto Tune procedure is completed this bit is set to logic O b When the bit is entered as logic 0 The Auto Tune procedure is seized Bit No 15 a When the bit is entered as logic 1 Manual mode of Plant control b When the bit is entered as logic 0 Automatic Plant control KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 79 As opposed to the fixed control reference used in the positional algorithm here the calculation of current control uses the previous control value as reference In fact the control is calculated as a change hence the term velocity form 6 4 2 3 Practical Considerations The equation 6 4 is normally called a textbook PID algorithm and many experienced engineers dislike it Th
114. ecutive numbers The isodrome time T is entered units seconds in the field T s float It is entered as a number in floating point format hence it occupies two V cells with consecutive numbers The differentiation time constant advance time Ty is entered units seconds into the T4 s float field It is entered in floating point format hence it occupies two consecutive V cells The upper and the lower alarms are entered in the fields of the PID Alarms table refer to Fig 6 83 The upper alarm is entered into the UP Alarm field and must be within the range from 32768 to 32767 When the current value of the process variable becomes equal to the set upper alarm value the only effect will be to set the upper alarm bit in the Flags V cell to logic 1 also refer to Fig 6 85 and Table 6 4 The lower alarm is entered into the DN Alarm field and must be within the range from 32768 to 32767 When the current value of the process variable becomes equal to the set lower alarm value the only effect will be to set the lower alarm bit in the Flags V cell to logic 1 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 75 The relationship Set Point Deviation Limits Alarm Limits is shown in Fig 6 85 The upper and lower limits of the controller output or of the controller Delta output are entered into the fields of the PID Output Ranges table bottom left side in Fig 6 83 The value of the upper limit of the output delta ou
115. ed on the screen Fig 6 38 Enter the Integer Holder V cell for Block 1 into the Move From field we choose V 301 So enter V301 Enter the integer operand 11 i e the index of V11 cell in the value field below the Move From field Fig 6 36 shows that the first V cell of Block 1 is V11 Enter the Index Holder V cell for Block 2 into the Move To field we choose V333 So enter V333 Enter the integer operand 100 i e the index of V100 cell in the value field below the Move To field Fig 6 36 shows that the first V cell of Block 2 is V100 Enter the integer 7 into the Number N field Fig 6 36 shows that the number of V cells in one set Block is seven Click OK Generate the output coil command as already explained A circuit is displayed as shown in Fig 6 39 which correctly reflects your entries and corresponds to the task as per Fig 6 36 6 32 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual MoveBlock Fig 6 39 With X1 set to a logic 1 the contents of the cells V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 is moved to the cells respectively V100 V101 V102 V103 V104 V105 V106 With X1 set to a logic 0 the move operation will not be executed The output Y1 repeats the state of the input X1 6 3 6 Bit by Bit SHIFT The SHIFT functional block executes a bit by bit shift to the left lt lt or to the right gt gt of the contents of a set of operands hereafter referred to as block of operands The fundamental
116. eds with a configuration check Depending on the set configuration the state of the I O modules and of the communication module is checked The test results are stored into the internal variables V257 and V258 The operational mode is checked Immediately reset the operational mode may be either Work or Program In case the PLC is in the Work mode and there is a valid program loaded the KID Neuro PLC is switched to the Program mode The normal operation of the KID Neuro PLC is backed up by hardware means using an in built monitoring circuit of the WATCHDOG type with a monitoring cycle of 200 ms The power supply to the controlled equipment is switched off by trapping the output relays in case of a controller failure or in case the maximum scanning time is exceeded 3 3 KID NEURO PLC CYCLE The block diagram of the KID Neuro PLC software is shown on Fig 3 2 and Fig 3 3 The KID Neuro PLC checks the operational mode at the beginning of each scanning cycle In case the PLC is in the Work or the Debug mode then the validity of the user program is checked After the validity of the user program is verified the PLC proceeds with scanning the state of the physical inputs and with the execution of the user program In case the time for the execution of the user program is less than 25 ms 1 ms is dedicated to the execution of the mathematical functions and for PID controllers The calculated results are stored at the outputs which marks the end of
117. ell also refer to Fig 6 84 Bit No 6 This bit is at logic 1 when the value of the delta output is positive Bit No 7 This bit is at logic 1 when the value of the delta output is negative Bit No 8 When this bit is at logic 1 the upper and the lower Range limits apply to the output u When this bit is at logic 0 the upper and the lower Range limits apply to the delta output Au Bit No 9 A single calculation of the PID controller is executed when this bit is changed from logic 0 to logic 1 Typically this bit is used as output of the TIMER functional block Bit No 10 The PID Controller is ready with the output delta output calculation when this bit is changed from logic 0 to logic 1 This bit must be used for control of the control valve circuits 6 78 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Bit 11 When the bit is at logic 0 The differential component of the equation 6 6 is calculated in an ordinary way i e the differential part apy 6 7 An is the value of the differential part for the moment n APVn PVn APVn 1 PVn 1 PVn 2 Therefore the delta output of the PID controller is calculated in accordance with equation 6 6 b When the bit is at logic 1 The differential component of the equation 6 6 is calculated as follows A B _ the differential part 2 6 8 where B is the B value calculated according eq 6 8 for th
118. ell assigned to the PID controller Step 6 In case the bit No 11 of Vno i e V319 cell is not activated i e it is at logic 0 the PID controller will calculate the differential component in an ordinary way as per equation 6 7 If we want to work in average sliding calculation format i e according equation 6 8 then the bit No 11 of V319 cell must be activated i e at logic 1 Thus the initial supporting program for the PID controller may be generated as shown in Fig 6 95 6 84 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Scaling procedure Subtract f v201 0 6553 3 1 Scaling procedure Multipl Divide v2 0 26213 M4 pv to input Move V4 0 8 v300 0 PID output to input V319 10 Move 314 0 10 401 0 Sampling Time Generator Timer 319 9 Enable Base 100ms gt 307 30 eset V319 9 Var 6 0 14 Average Sliding Calculation 319 11 Fig 6 95 First thing now is to save the above program in your Hard Disk Now we can start with the generation of PID controller function in addition to the program in Fig 6 95 Step 7 7 1 Click Function button on Kidbar the menu of functions appears 7 2 Click Pid function the PID Regulator No window appears with the option of selection of 6 PID controllers Select and click No 1 the Dialog Box appears as shown in Fig 6 83 7 3 Enter V300 in Process Variable field automatically all V cells
119. ent A Pt100 resistor is measured by a four wire circuit Pt100 Pt100 Pt100 R4 R5 2 16 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 8 2 4 Mixed Connection The circuit below illustrates the connection of various types of sensors The first differential channel is used to measure and convert the signal from a J type thermo couple The second differential channel is used for current measurements 4 to 20 mA using a two line circuit An auxiliary Pt100 thermoresistor is connected to the third differential channel for the purpose of offsetting the cold wires of the thermo couple 4 20 two wire 27 version O cet used a n Uu Aid ssensstedacees LE nr i AIG essexen ener ena 12 LL ee Le 24V DC 2 4p R8 E Bao 6 For connection LL p to other Al lout 1mA E 8 R 10 kQ to 1 MO Ra max 200 Q The Ra resistor is used to generate a signal to other analog inputs 4 Note wires designated with a thicker line must be as short as possible 2 9 CONNECTION OF ANALOG OUTPUTS The circuit below illustrates the connection of the first analog output of the module The remaining three analog outputs are connected in a similar way KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 17 Fig 2 25 Rt active load Rt max 7500 Lt induction load Lt max 50 mH A Attention The polarity of the 24 V DC voltage must be matched
120. er result Example 6 9 V1 31100 31100 V2 10021 10021 V3 41121 41121 Or V1 31100 31100 V2 10021 10021 V3 41121 41121 In both cases the result lies outside the permissible range which will affect the state of both the sign bit of the V cell used to store the result and the state of the block output the block output is set to a logic 1 which is an indication for the occurrence of an error The setting of the sign bit of the result to 1 is an indication for the occurrence of an overflow condition when a negative subtrahend is subtracted from a positive minuend whereas the setting of the sign bit of the result to 0 is an indication for the occurrence of an overflow condition when subtracting a positive subtrahend from a negative minuend The user is notified by the occurrence of such a condition and that the obtained subtraction result is improper by setting the SUBTRACT functional block output to a logic 1 Entering After the circuits controlling the state of the block inputs are entered select the SUBTRACT functional block button from Kidbar then select SUBTRACT A dialog box is displayed on the screen which contains fields for the integer operands Fig 6 47 O1 minuend 2 subtrahend the result as well as for the initial values of the V cells Subtract Result 03 v5 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 39 If any of the O1 or O2 operands is constant its value is typed using the nu
121. er within the range from V1 to V512 or a constant value within the range from 0 to 32767 current value integer operand a V cell with a number within the range from V1 to V512 Characteristics The number of TIMER functional blocks is restricted only by the number of V cells used by the programmer The two inputs are connected to circuits whose logic state controls the block operation KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 15 Principle of operation A time chart is shown on Fig 6 17a to illustrate the timer operation B1 Enable input B2 Reset input Timer Set Value Timer Current Value Output Fig 6 17a The timer is enabled with a logic 1 at the reset input B2 With B1 and B2 set to a logic 1 the current value of the timer is incremented by 1 after each 10 ms or 100 ms depending on the selected time base time interval t1 The current value remains unchanged during t2 as with setting B1 to a logic 0 the block is disabled The current value is again incremented during t3 When the current value becomes equal to the set value the timer output is set to a logic 1 time interval t4 Setting the reset input to a logic 0 resets the current value and the block output is also set to O Entering After the input circuits of the block are entered select the F Block button from Kidbar Select the TIMER command from the menu A dialog box is displayed Fig 6 17b which contains the following fields
122. ered in the following manner Click with the left mouse button on the number of a step of the user program to open a dialog box used to enter the commentary Type in the text using the alphanumeric keys Press ENTER or click OK to attach the commentary to the respective circuit Editing of commentaries Double click with the left mouse button on the commentary to open a dialog box Editor delete the whole text as desired Press ENTER or click OK to confirm the changes Commentaries are illustrated in Fig 6 97 6 6 USER NAMES The user names represent identifiers of logic or integer operands or V cell bits Entering of user names Click Tables and select Cross Reference Table menu to open a dialog box Fig 6 76 with the following TAB CONTROL files Integer Variables enter user names for V cells Long Variables enter the name of two adjacent V cells used to store a 32 bit figure for instance the result of the execution of the DIVIDE block The first cell only is set into the file Float Variables enter the name of two adjacent V cells The names may be used for instance in a PID controller Variables enter the names of V cell bits Constant enter user names to mark fractional figures or figures within the following intervals From 0 to 65535 figures without a sign From 32768 to 32767 figures with sign 6 96 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual CrossReferenseT
123. etup disk contains KID Neuro exe executable program file Communication Driver for data exchange between the programmer and the KID Neuro PLC The driver may be kidcom exe for communication via KID BUS Used for the purposes of the programmer operation under Windows 95 and Windows 98 RS Driver exe for communication via NT KID BUS Used for the purposes of the programmer operation under Windows NT Windows 95 and Windows 98 help programmer help files KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 4 1 CHAPTER 5 KID NEURO PLC OPERANDS 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 5 1 5 5 2 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual COMMANDS FUNCTIONS AND DATA ENTRY USER PROGRAM FAST PROGRAM UNDER INTERRUPT OPERANDS SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS SEQUENTIAL LOGIC COMMANDS Ladder Logic Commands Functional Block Commands Logic and Arithmetic Operations SEQUENTIAL LOGIC SYMBOLS FUNCTIONS USED KEYS USER PROGRAM SCANNING 5 10 5 11 5 12 5 13 5 14 NUMERICAL DATA ENTRY SERVICE INTEGER VARIABLES V CELLS NUMERICAL IDENTIFICATION OF THE KID NEURO PLC I O FLASH MEMORY SUPPORTED V CELLS BINARY ARITHMETIC KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 1 USER PROGRAM A basic user program shall mean a user generated sequence of relay logic commands functional blocks and functions The user program may be provisionally separated into two parts sequential logic and functions The sequential logic consists of
124. f PLC which prevents incidental changes of internal variables Program Mode The Programs Fast and Normal are not executed All digital outputs are set to 0 OFF The analog outputs maintain the status at the moment of transition to Program mode All operations on PLC are allowed Debug Mode The Debug mode is used to adjust and set the values in the user program This mode is identical to Work mode but changes in operands are allowed The user program is executed changes in operands variables have a direct effect on the program execution The generation of a Special Debug program may be required for example to provoke some operand for which otherwise extremely long period for activation may be expected KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 13 Force Mode This mode is used to check the connections of the PLC outputs with the controlled equipment process plant Allows the user to control directly the PLC outputs The programs are not executed Force D Mode The values of the physical inputs are note read from the PLC input boards but be changed by the designer in the Debug Screen in order to test the execution of the program This mode is used to adjust and set the data in the user programs The programs are executed stepwise or continuous The values of the X operands are set by the user intervention into program has a direct effect on the program execu
125. ferred to as DRUM combinations output in this subsection Characteristics The number of the DRUM functional block is limited only by the number of V cells accessible to the user The maximum number N of the stored combinations is 32 Each combination is represented by a separate V cell Thus the maximum number of the consecutive V cells for representation of maximum 32 combinations is 32 consecutive V cells Therefore the number of the V cells required for presentation of the combinations is equal to the number of the combinations N For historical reasons related to mechanical drum programmers the term position is used in order to define the index of particular combination a combination is manifested by the drum position Each position is defined by its index the first position being Position 0 Now to summarize The functional block can store combinations N max 32 For this purpose V cells are required max 32 The number of drum position is N N max 32 The index of the first position is O Therefore the index of the last position is 1 1 position has index 0 As a matter of fact more than N V cells are necessary for the normal operation of the DRUM functional block four V cells are occupied as service V cells to secure the operation of the functional block The designation of the V cells occupied is explained in the next table The complete set of V cells required for the operation of Drum func
126. ferred to the outputs The Y1 digital output will be reset to 0 3 6 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual CHAPTER 4 KID NEURO PLC PROGRAMMER 4 1 KID SERIES PLC S PROGRAMMER 4 2 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 4 3 SET UP OF KID SERIES PLC S PROGRAMMER KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 4 1 KID SERIES PLC S PROGRAMMER KID Series PLC s Programmer is a software product designed by Industrial Software as a programming tool for KID Neuro PLC KID Series PLC s Programmer provides the following services generation and editing of user programs for KID Neuro PLC configuration and diagnostics of KID Neuro PLC loading reading and set up of user programs 3 Note KID Series PLC s Programmer is referred to as the programmer in this manual 4 2 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS The following software and hardware assets are needed for the normal operation of the KID Series PLC s Programmer anIBM PC or compatible personal computer with a minimum configuration of 486DX 66 16 MB RAM 880 MB HDD 3 5 FDD installed Windows 95 Windows 98 or Windows NT 4 3 SET UP OF KID SERIES PLC S PROGRAMMER The KID Neuro PLC Programmer is installed by means of a setup disk provided by the manufacturer In order to install the KID Neuro PLC Programmer insert the setup disk in the computer CD drive and select KID Neuro Y setup exe Follow the instructions of the setup program The s
127. g The ID number within the communication network of the controller from which the data will be downloaded Controller mode data exchange may be executed in the Program Mode only Data are read by pressing the Load From PLC button In case of a communication failure an ERROR COMMUNICATION is displayed on the screen The contents of the user program and the quick interrupt are written into two separate files Save To Controller Compiles an user program and a quick interrupt program and stores them into the memory of a KID Neuro PLC selected by the user The command requires an active connection between the personal computer and the programmable controller The command is executed after selecting user program The quick interrupt program may be omitted 10 number in the communication network where the data is to be stored Controller mode data exchange may be executed in the Program Mode only Print Prints out the active file an user program or quick interrupt program Print Preview Displays the file layout before initiating actual print out Print Setup selects and set up the printer Check Print Font Displays a dialog box with alternatives for Small or Medium or Large size font selection Print Cross Ref Table Prints cross reference variables table Print Connection Table Prints the LonWorks network connection table for KIDD Neuro PLC Print Indicator Table Prints the LonWorks ne
128. gers The operands which are entered in the floating point format occupy 4 bytes of the data memory two successive V cells Uniary operations x reciprocal value root require one operand which means that the second operand is skipped and the result of the uniary operation is interpreted as the second operand The format of the second operand is of no consequence The table used to set the acceptable margins for the result MF Limits may be accessed only if an operation requiring a result within a specified interval has been entered lt gt The values of the upper and of the lower limit are typed into the fields marked as High Limit and Low Limit The relevant integer and logic operands used to set the operation are displayed above these fields After completing the MF file is entered by clicking on the OK button Following the above explanations let us continue the generation of the function with the relevant entries of equations by using the Dialog Box shown in Fig 6 76 For simplification the exercises will include creation of equations only but ignoring the CONDITION and R Y READY logic operands at this stage Example 6 16 Enter the equation A B C D a All operands as integers b A B and as integers but D in floating point format 6 66 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual All operands in floating point format Solution a Click No 1 on the Combo box Fig 6 75 The Dialog box appears as
129. he entry of the X value is typed in etc up to the last X V cell IMPORTANT NOTE a Prior to the entry of the user X Y values all V cells in the XPoints and Ypoints field are set to 0 b The X values must follow a monotone increasing sequence namely 32768 lt lt Xo lt Xa lt lt Xn lt Xn lt lt Xn lt 32767 The entry of the values of the corresponding Y values into the relevant Y V cells is executed in the similar way Example 6 15 Generate a circuitry containing an APROX functional block under the following conditions the number of the user table points N 6 the X input V cell is V300 the X values are 0 20 50 100 200 300 6 56 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual the Y output V cell is V320 the Y values are 10 40 90 160 200 260 The functional block input is controlled by an X12 contact whereas the functional block output is terminated to an Y 17 coil Solution Generate the X1 contact for control of the functional block as already explained Click the F Block button on Kidbar a pull down menu appears Click Approx functional block a dialog box appears as shown in Fig 6 67 Enter 6 into the Count field Enter V300 into Input field the following N V cells appear in the field below V301 0 Click and enter 0 V302 0 Click and enter 20 V303 0 Click and enter 50 V304 0 Click and enter 100 V305 0 Click and enter 200 V306 0 Click
130. he input circuits which were entered before A dialog box is displayed on the screen in order to proceed with the entering of the operands The cursor is positioned on the first operand field within the dialog box 2 The operands are typed in using the alpha numeric keys The fields allocated to operands may be scrolled using the mouse or the lt Tab gt key Make sure you did enter all operands as necessary 3 The functional block is entered by clicking the OK button or by pressing lt ENTER gt The programmer displays an error message in case an operand had been entered improperly An operand in a functional block may be changed using the mouse by the following sequence 1 Position the cursor on the functional block Open the dialog box by double click The cursor is automatically positioned on the field of the first operand 2 Click in the field of the operand which will be changed 3 Type in the new operand 4 Click the OK button to complete the operation An operand in a functional block may be changed by using both the mouse and the keyboard according to the sequence of operations as described above Changes to a functional block can be made using the keyboard using the following sequence 1 The cursor is positioned on the respective functional block using the scroll keys 6 14 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 The dialog box of the functional block is opened by pressing Enter The cursor is automatically positi
131. hed regarding this module see Item 8 3 V258 The state of the auxiliary power supply to the modules at the twelve slots Each of the V258 bits indicates the presence of auxiliary power supply at V258 0 I O module at slot no 1 V258 1 I O module at slot no 2 V258 10 I O module at slot no 11 V258 11 I O module at slot no 12 V258 xx 0 auxiliary voltage fed to the respective I O module V258 xx 1 the respective module is not included in the configuration of the KID Neuro PLC or does not require an auxiliary power supply may indicate also the absence of auxiliary power supply 5 12 NUMERICAL IDENTIFICATION OF THE KID NEURO PLC I O The numerical identification of the is arranged from left to right for all slots and from the top downwards of each slot in compliance with the order of installation of the modules Table 5 12 Type Module 1 Module 2 Module3 Module 12 DI X1 X8 X9 X16 X17 X24 X89 X96 DO Y1 Y8 Y9 Y16 Y17 Y24 Y89 Y96 V201 V205 V206 V210 V211 V215 V256 V260 AO V401 V404 V405 V408 V409 V412 V445 V448 5 10 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Example gt 2 gt 2 m gt o o m S E dell E 5 Y1 B X1 E E 4 V405 5 E B Bg Y2 a X2 E V406 m
132. integers as follows you may refer to para 5 13 also 65535 1 65534 2 65533 3 32769 32767 32768 32768 32767 32767 32766 32766 The representation of the binary numbers by their complementary code allows the arithmetic operation to be performed on figures of arbitrary length using only the ADD operation The sign registers of the negative and the positive figures are provisionally interpreted as numeric registers and are processed together with the rest of the actual numeric registers The result is automatically assigned a sign The integer operands used by the functional blocks for arithmetic operations represent 16 bit figures the most significant bit is used as a sign bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 15 bit is the Most Significant Bit MSB 00 bit is the Least Significant Bit LSB Positive signed integers are represented with the sign bit set to 0 and the rest of the numerical registers set to the respective digits of the binary equivalent of the respective integer The direct code of an integer is equal to the figure itself The complementary code of a positive figure looks exactly as the direct code of the same figure you may refer to para 5 13 The negative signed integers are represented always in complementary code The inverted code of a negative figure is obtained by setting the sign bit to 1 sign while the digits in the numerical register are inverted The complementary code
133. integers by their complementary code V1 31128 0 111100110011000 31128 1 000011001100111 V2 1921 07000011110000001 1921 1 111100001111111 V3 33049 100000010001 1001 33049 0 111111011100111 2 i overflow indication overflow indication The emergence of an overflow condition is indicated by the setting of the sign bit to 1 when adding positive figures or to 0 when adding negative figures The user is notified about the occurrence of overflow and that the ADD operation has been completed improperly by setting the ADD output to a logic 1 6 36 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Select the Arithmetic button from Kidbar F9 key Select ADD from the pull down menu dialog box is opened Fig 6 44 which contains fields for the integer operands O1 O2 and O3 as well as for the initial values of the V cells 02 v30 Pesut 03 Lo VE Y Cancel Fig 6 44 In case any of the operands O1 or O2 is a constant its value is typed in using the numeric keys The current value assigned to a V cell operand is entered in the respective value field The internal variable is initiated with this value when the user program is loaded It is recommended to use internal variables from V300 to V400 Example 6 8 Generate a circuitry containing an ADD functional block in order to provide addition of the content of V 30 cell initial value say 20 with the content of V3
134. is is because the differential component contains set point and changes in set point may cause an unwanted change in the PID controller output So by removing the set point from the differential component we get the enhanced positional PID algorithm in discrete form as shown in equation 6 5 The most sophisticated algorithm we are using is the so called enhanced velocity algorithm as shown in equation 6 6 This is a still better PID algorithm This algorithm is referred to as Delta algorithm Whenever possible the Delta algorithm should be used With this velocity PID algorithm because it does not make use of a sum of errors to generate integral action the problem of integral windup will not occur One important aspect is the choice of the sampling intervals There are many textbooks dealing with this problem Some rough guidelines regarding the choice of the sampling times are as follows forflow pressure loops 0 3sto1s for level loops 151055 for temperature loops 3 s to 10 mins The next example will show the practical steps for generation and tuning of a PID controller program Example 6 19 Generate and tune a PID controller program for the temperature loop of a Temperature Oven for heat treating as shown in Fig 6 87 The oven is heated by an electrical heater controlled by an Electronic Control Circuit with a 0 20 mA control input signal The temperature is measured by a transmitter with O to 1000
135. issa Fig 6 73 A format with a 24 bit mantissa gives an accuracy of 1 part in 2 or about one part in seven decimal places The 6 bit exponent with sign gives an exponent range of 2 to 2 or about 10 to 10 in decimal 6 62 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual It should be remembered that one V cell is used for integers two consecutive V cells are used for floating point numbers 6 4 1 Mathematical Functions The mathematical functions are used to generate equations involving integer operands and operands with floating point numbers Due to the long period of time needed for the execution of the mathematical functions the controller checks for any function requests and eventually initiates their execution only after it had completed processing the ladder program 1 ms is allocated by the controller during each cycle for the execution of mathematical functions Thus mathematical functions will be executed over several controller cycles the execution time depending on the volume of the ladder logic on the number of the mathematical function requests and on the number of the mathematical operations which are to be executed within one mathematical function A Attention The results from the execution of the mathematical function may be used in the user program only after the R Y Ready execution condition is set to logic 1 also refer to Fig 6 72 The KID Neuro PLC may use up to 8 mathematical functions Each e
136. j 74 iz DINE FJ Be 4 0 KID NEURO PLC User s Manual Version 2 ndustrial Software Revision November 2001 Industrial Software Co 45 Lokorska Str 1225 Sofia BULGARIA Phone Fax 359 2 975 11 80 1 2 3 4 E mail indsoft einet bg www indsoft bg KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Contents CHAPTER 1 KID NEURO PLC STRUCTURE 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 4 1 2 5 1 2 5 1 1 2 5 2 1 2 5 3 1 2 5 4 1 3 1 4 1 5 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 6 1 2 6 2 2 7 2 7 1 2 7 2 2 8 2 8 1 2 8 2 KID NEURO PLC TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE KID NEURO PLC 1 4 Motherboard dyoer ae a e ea e 1 4 Processor MOdUIe niie 1 4 Power Supply Module pereti etnie a ta i n e EEE pae Aake EE OELE EAEE NOE 1 4 Communication Module r e ee n a e o a 1 4 put 4 Outpul MOGSUBS 2 tuc Rs a da REG m viduata tisse Sada Be 1 4 Digital Inputs Module aorta id Meo nte b EE ed Cocks Oe eee eA 1 5 Digital Outputs Module 5 corset ceret e t deb ta eee dee 1 5 Analog Inputs Module oio pe i Fe Pe esprime vua eres ee 1 5 Analog Outputs rone re unos dab ub a n e Rud Bagues 1 5 KID NEURO PLC ASSEMBLY 1 esee 1 6 KID
137. lds at the right hand side of the Dialog Box Step 11 After the Auto Tuning procedure is completed click Auto Manual Toggle Switch to turn to Auto mode of operation In order to save the new constants as a result of the Auto Tuning it is advisable to follow the procedures a In case the PID Function Program involves some of V300 V400 cells Save Design Program to Hard Disk Save Design Program to PLC Accomplish Auto Tuning procedure Don t reset the PLC Load the Design Program from the Hard Disk Enter in the Design Program the actual Auto Tuning constants This is the Execution Program now Save the Execution Program to Hard Disk Save the Execution Program to PLC b In case the PID Function Program doesn t involve V300 V400 cells Save the Design Program to Hard Disk Save the Design Program to PLC KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 89 Accomplish Auto Tuning procedure Load the Design Program from the Hard Disk Enter into Design Program the Auto Tuning constants Save the Execution Program to Hard Disk Dialog Set Point po Tes 33 283 7511 Tis 3381625 845406 Output Ranges n HIGH 2000 Low m Manual Control PID Out 18099 Auto iJ Manual meacan Start Draft Settings r PLC Control 7 Poni gt Background C VStar vano 1 Grid Color L Pata Tran
138. ll shorten the detailed explanations for circuit generation assuming you gained the knowledge and experience relevant to the generation of such circuits WARNING In case you need some recollection kindly refer to this subsection 6 2 1 for refreshing your memory and knowledge 6 2 2 Entering of Complex Circuits A ladder logic complex circuit shall mean a combination of simple circuits connected in parallel and in series Two simple circuits are connected in series by selecting the Serial F5 command from Kidbar and in parallel by selecting the Parallel F6 command The Parallel and Serial commands have no operands The Parallel and Serial commands each occupy one step of the user program 6 8 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual A Attention The Parallel and Serial commands may not be used for connecting circuits in parallel or series in case the second circuit contains the Out command Task 6 7 Generate the two simple circuits shown in Fig 6 9 and than connect these two circuits in series 1 R1 3 x3 R2 Y1 R3 Fig 6 9 Solution 1 Generate the first simple circuit as already described in para 6 2 1 2 Generate the second simple circuit as already described in para 6 2 1 3 Click Serial button F5 on the Kidbar The result is the complex circuit shown in Fig 6 10 1 R2 Y1 R1 R3 Fig 6 10 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 9 Task 6 8 Generate the two simple circuits shown in Fig 6 9 and tha
139. llel with the old circuit In order to execute serial connection of the third circuit click Serial button on the Kidbar The result is the complex circuit as shown in Fig 6 13 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 11 x5 Y6 DE R1 6 Fig 6 13 Now restore the configuration as shown in Fig 6 12 as follows 1 Position the cursor on Serial button 2 Press lt Backspace gt key The circuit is separated again as shown in Fig 6 12 In order to execute parallel connection of the third circuit click Parallel button on the Kidbar The result is a complex circuit as shown in Fig 6 14 1 1 R1 x3 R2 R3 x5 Y6 6 Fig 6 14 6 12 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual What Did You Learn The practical knowledge gained by you after being through para 6 2 2 will help you generating complex logic circuits including a Connecting in series two simple circuits b Connecting in parallel two simple circuits c Introducing a simple circuit in series or in parallel to a complex logic circuit 6 3 ENTERING OF CIRCUITS CONTAINING FUNCTIONAL BLOKS The following functional blocks may be used in the generation of a user program 1 Basic Functional Blocks TIMER COUNTER COMPARE MOVE BLOCK MOVE DRUM APROX approximation main switch over relay N Logic Operations Functional Blocks Bit by bit shift SHIFT 3 Arithmetic Operations Functional Bl
140. ller is not calculated when the process variable is inside the Dead Band we choose 1 C Dead Band Therefore 7 14 Enter 1 in the UP Dev field 7 15 Enter 1 in the DN Dev field Thus the Dialog Box is completed Fig 6 96 Process Variable Set Point Dutput Mode r PID Constants PID Alarms E CENE UP Alarm 900 Was Kr float o 0 Was Ie 500 paw Tis How Fao je dia DEAD m f Tds oat 78 0 DNDe T PID Output Ranges EP PV 302 Dut UP Range 32000 Far GUT aa Dut DN Range 6554 Fas dOUT W315 Cancel Flags 218 Fig 6 96 Now click OK button to enter the program the complete circuit appears as shown in Fig 6 97 6 86 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Scaling procedure Subtract Scaling procedure Divide 2 0 26213 V4 pv to PID input 8 PID output to DAC input 319 10 V319 9 Average Sliding Calculation 319 11 Function PID Regulator Analog 1 319 9 319 10 Start V V300 Ti 30 00 Kr 200 00s SP 500 Ts 3 00s Td 7 80min Fig 6 97 So you have a complete program for the temperature control of a heat treating oven This program has been designed based on your knowledge about the process This is the Design Version of the program This is the program you are going to save to KID Neuro PLC But before saving to KID Neuro PLC the program MUST be saved in your Hard Disk
141. lti position device Fig 6 56a The arrangement of its contacts in each of the available drum positions determines the selected combination The transition from one position to another is controlled by an external actuator With the rotation of the drum the combination which sets the state of the outputs specific contacts close and the successive change of the combination of the states of the contacts is used to control an automated system 6 48 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual With the DRUM functional block Fig 6 566 the role of the contacts is assumed by the logic operands the bits in the respective V cell A closed contact is represented by a logic 1 and an open contact with a logic 0 The current Drum combination is stored in the START V cell i e in V cell The Drum functional block may be controlled as follows successive the transition from logic 0 to logic 1 i e the leading edge at the input In results in incrementing by 1 the number of the output combination In fact at each leading edge a The index of the successive position to become active is entered into V 1 cell b Based on the above the content of the V cell corresponding to the relevant position is stored in the V cell as current DRUM combination output forced the index of a selected by the user position is entered into Vn cell by using MOVE functional block Thus the content of the V cell corresponding to this selected position appears in the
142. meric keys In case any of the operands is a V cell the respective value is entered in the field below The internal variable is initiated with this value when the user program is loaded into the KID Neuro PLC It is recommended to use internal variables V300 to V400 Example 6 9 Generate a circuitry containing a SUBTRACT functional block in order to provide subtraction of the content of V24 cell from the content of V2 cell The initial value of V2 is 20 whereas the initial value of V24 is zero The result to be stored in V5 cell The input control circuit as well as the output of the functional block to be arranged in an ordinary way say X1 resp Y1 Solution The input output attributes to be entered as already explained To enter the SUBTRACT functional block proceed as follows Click Arithmetic button on Kidbar a pull down menu appears Click Sub function on the pull down menu a dialog box appears on the screen as shown in Fig 6 47 Type inV2 as minuend in O1 field Type 20 in value field under the O1 field Type in V24 as subtrahend in O2 field in 0 in value field under the O2 field Type in V5 in Result O3 field Click OK A circuit appears as shown in Fig 6 48 reflecting correctly your entries Subtract f Fig 6 48 With X1 set to a logic 1 V5 assumes a value which is equal to the difference between the values of V2 and V24 With X1 set to a logic 0 the functional block SUBTRACT is
143. metic F Block Funci n i For Help press F1 Length 0 Bytes INS Asar 552595 IKPPiTUn ROR 1219PM Fig 6 1 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 1 The status line at the bottom of the screen provides information about the current position of the cursor within the program about the length of the program in number of bytes the entry mode replace or insert as well as other standard displays 6 2 GENERATION OF LADDER LOGIC CIRCUITS IMPORTANT NOTE The edit mode OVR INS can be changed in two ways a By alternatively pressing INS key on the keyboard b By clicking with the mouse and selecting the desired edit mode on the extreme right hand end of the status bar c The normal operation is in INS edit mode The relay contact logic circuits may be subdivided into simple circuits consisting of the Load And Or and Coil commands complex circuits which represent combinations of simple circuits connected by means of the Serial and Parallel commands Relay logic commands are entered in the following way A For a completely new circuit 1 First click Load command from the Kidbar A list of contacts appears 2 Click the proper contact to be introduced in the circuit The selected contact appears on the screen 3 Enter the alpha numeric number of the contact in the BitOperand window for example X1 4 Further select the respective command from Kidbar
144. mode ONLY when O1 C2 i e O2 O1 Entering Press the F Block button on Kidbar after the circuits controlling the inputs state of the block have been entered Select Compare from the displayed menu A dialog box is displayed on the screen Fig 6 30 which contains the following fields integer operand O1 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 25 integer operand O2 Button 7 or to set the type of comparison 01 02 sif a m coc 101 Fig 6 30 In case the SetPoint integer operand the set value is a constant its value is typed in using the numeric keys In case the integer operand is a Vi cell where i represents the number of the V cell a value may be assigned to this variable using the Value field The integer operand is initiated with the respective value after the user program is started It is recommended to use internal variables V300 to V400 as they are stored a nonvolatile memory see Item 5 3 Task 6 14 Enter a Functional Block Compare to realize the Output Y1 logic 1 in case a variable O2 with initial value of 9 being in V312 cell is smaller than the constant O1 76 see Fig 6 31 V312 9 Fig 6 31 Solution Step 1 The input output circuit is entered as described in item 6 2 Step 2 Click Y1 preparation for inserting of F block Step 3 Click the F block button on the Kidbar and select CMP Compare F block A dialogue
145. module contains 8 digital inputs 1 2 5 2 Digital Outputs Module The digital outputs module is designed to connect local outputs to the KID Neuro PLC Each module contains 8 digital outputs 1 2 5 3 Analog Inputs Module The analog inputs module is designed to connect local analog inputs to the KID Neuro PLC Each module contains 5 analog inputs 1 2 5 4 Analog Output Module The analog outputs module is designed to connect local analog outputs to the PLC Neuro Each module contains 4 analog outputs KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 1 5 1 3 KID NEURO PLC ASSEMBLY The processor and the power supply are attached to the motherboard by means of mechanical connectors The unit is enclosed by means of panels which are attached to the motherboard by means of M3 screws The side panels are fitted into their respective slots An additional assembly is attached to the motherboard in order to serve as a lock to a DIN rail not shown on the figure 55000000 inaanaun FH TEE Fig 1 2 The front sticker of a KID Neuro PLC with four input output modules is shown on Fig 1 3 The front panel is mounted on the assembly by means of M3 screws ndustrial Software ndustrial Software
146. moved to V401 cell which is assigned to DAC1 Digital to Analog Converter input A MOVE Functional Block is used for this purpose NOTE The operation MOVE V14 V401 must be executed only after the PID controller is ready with the output Therefore the control input of the MOVE functional block is enabled by 10 bit of V cell V4 refer to Table 6 4 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 83 Step 4 As seen from Fig 6 94 we refer already to some V cells which are assigned to the PID controller Therefore we have to decide about the PID controller s V cell With reference to reliability let us choose V300 as the first PID controller V cell According to Table 6 3 automatically 20 V cells will be occupied for the PID controller V300 to V319 each V cell assigned to a particular PID controller function designation as described in Table 6 3 Step 5 As already explained the calculation of the PID controller is executed by the START logic 1 signal 9 th bit of Vn 19 cell refer to Table 6 4 Therefore this 9 th bit must be activated by a time sequence unit i e by a sampling time generation unit Such unit is the TIMER functional block subsection 6 3 1 acting as a Pulse Generator as explained in Fig 6 21 and Fig 6 22 The Set Point operand of the Timer will be entered V 7 i e V307 when programming the PID controller refer to Fig 6 86 and Table 6 3 The TIMER output will control the 9 th bit of V 19 c
147. n connect these two circuits in parallel Solution 1 Generate the first simple circuit as described in para 6 2 1 2 Generate the second simple circuit as described in para 6 2 1 3 Click Parallel button F5 on Kidbar The result is the complex circuit shown in Fig 6 11 1 R1 x3 R2 Y1 R3 Fig 6 11 Task 6 9 Change the parallel complex circuit shown in Fig 6 11 into a series complex circuit shown in Fig 6 10 Solution 1 Position the cursor on Parallel button 2 Press lt Backspace gt key The complex circuit is separated into the two original simple circuits as shown in Fig 6 9 3 Click Serial button on the Kidbar The result is the series complex circuit shown in Fig 6 10 Task 6 10 Change the series complex circuit shown in Fig 6 10 into a parallel complex circuit shown in Fig 6 11 Solution 1 Position the cursor on Serial button on the Kidbar 6 10 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 Press lt Backspace gt key The complex circuit is separated into two original simple circuits Fig 6 9 3 Click Parallel button on the Kidbar The result is the parallel complex circuit shown in Fig 6 11 Let us increase the complexity For this reason we start with complex circuit shown in Fig 6 11 Now we enter a third circuit Fig 6 12 1 R1 x3 R2 Y1 R3 x5 Y6 x6 Fig 6 12 As already explained the third simple circuit X5 X6 Y6 can be connected in series or in para
148. n in Fig 6 59 This is actually the bit by bit state of V14 cell as was required For user s convenience the decimal equivalent of the content appears on the right hand column namely 32768 6 50 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual ea 09 90 9 3 START V 10 m E 5 Combination Combinations 6 Pos 14 1000000000000000 32768 915 0100000000000000 16384 VIE 0000010000000000 1024 Pos3 VI 00000001 00000001 256 Posd V18 0000000000000001 1 Posh 18 1111111111111111 4 Cancel Fig 6 59 To enter the position 1 combination Click Pos 1 and then click the 14 bit on the top bar 0 logic 0 0 logic 1 Further proceed in the similar way The complete combination entries are shown in Fig 6 59 Next click OK button on the Drum dialog box and don t forget to enter Y 1 coil The final circuit is shown in Fig 6 60 Drum Timer 10 0 Count Fig 6 60 In order to edit an existing Drum functional block proceed as follows Double click on Drum Timer box see Fig 6 60 the dialog box Fig 6 59 appears For changing a specific combination click the corresponding position and enter the necessary changes by clicking relevant bit on the top bar of the dialog box For changes of the START V cell and or the number of combinations position the cursor on the relevant field and ente
149. n position 5 when a contact X2 becomes closed i e logic 1 6 52 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Solution We have to execute a forced control of the Drum functional block when X2 is at logic 1 then the DRUM combinations output must be forced on position 5 This means that when X2 is at logic 1 the index 5 must be moved into V11 cell remember V 1 cell Thus the combination of bits of V19 cell refer to Fig 6 59 will appear automatically as content of the V10 cell serving as V cell of our Drum i e will appear as DRNM combination output The above function is performed by using a MOVE functional block whose entries have to be Move 5 to V11 The final circuit is shown in Fig 6 63 Drum Timer Fig 6 63 An existing DRUM functional block within a user program may be edited as described in section 6 3 editing of functional blocks When the user program is displayed on a hard copy the matrixes of the DRUM blocks are printed out automatically after the last circuit operation of the user program A Attention The MCR functional block does not affect the block operation KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 53 6 3 12 APROX The APPROX functional block performs approximation of an arbitrary selected user function determined by a number of points and their allocated values Fig 6 64 Fig 6 65 The real presentation of a function y f x Exaggerated representation of the O On b A li
150. n the case of positive twos representation As can be seen the twos complement zero presentation is unique thus rejecting any error in its representation It should be noted also that the twos complement signed binary numbers integers which could be entered in a 16 bit V cell vary from 0 111111111111111 32767 up to 0 000000000000001 1 through 0 000000000000000 0 then from 1 111111111111111 1 1 000000000000000 32767 It should be noted also that the unsigned numbers which could be entered 16 bit V cell vary from O up to 65535 formally coded as shown in the table overleaf The following explanations hold for the table below bit No of the integer bit sequence in the V cell KKK bit weight by power of two kkkk the value of the corresponding power of two KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 15 16 15 14 13 12 11 110 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 i 15 14 13 12 11 10 1 9 8 7 6 15 4 3 2 1 001 e 9 x e N kkk N N N N N N N N N N N N
151. n the current value of the process variable is within the DEAD BAND limits the PID controller is not calculated and Flags bit UPDEV logic 0 refer to Table 6 4 and Table 6 5 Flags bit DNDEV logic 0 refer to Table 6 4 and Table 6 5 dOUT 0 refer to equation 6 5 OUT the controller output does not change its value refer to equation 6 5 The accumulated value of the integral component of the equation remains unchanged After the file of the PID controller is filled in click on the OK button in order to enter the file The programmer will display an error message in case an improper constant or value had been entered and the file will not be accepted A sample of a file is shown in Fig 6 86 PID Nol X Process Variable Set Point Dutput Made vao E 000 Y 301 Analog 38 PID Constants PID Alarms UP Alarm 1 Ts 0 1 s am 1500 305 500 fv Kr float 0 25 faos usd a PID Deviations DEAD Ti s float 25 0 UP Dev EE Td s float 05 DN Dev CE m PID Output Ranges SP PV 302 DK Du ange 20000 317 OUT 214 LOK Out DN Range 20000 dOUT Cancel Flags Fig 6 86 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 77 The bits of the Flags V cell i e V 19 cell see Table 6 3 are allocated as shown in Table 6 4 Table 6 4 15
152. nciple of operation The following important features of the counter have to be remembered when programming the counter configuration The counter input Count reacts to the pulse transition from logic 0 to logic 1 b The pulse rate applied to the Count input can contain pulses with arbitrary duty cycle c The Up Down logic state controls the mode of operation logic 0 Up direct counting logic 1 Down reverse counting d The Reset logic state influences the counter as follows logic 0 e current value is reset to logic 0 for Up mode e The current value is set to Set Point value for Down mode e The output is reset to logic 0 for both Up and Down modes of operation logic 1 e counter is enabled In this case every transition from a logic 0 to a logic 1 at the input Count increments or decrements the current value by an unit depending on the Up Down mode of operation e The output is set to logic 1 if the current value Var is equal to Set Point value and the counter is in Up mode e The output is set to logic 1 if the current value is equal to zero and the counter is in Down mode 6 22 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual e The current value cannot go beyond the Set Point limit It cannot go beyond the zero value as well f The counter output is set to logic 1 when for Up mode the Reset input is at logic 1 and the current value is equal to the Set Point value for Down mode the Reset input
153. near approximation of the same region of the function shown in Fig 6 64 function based on N sets of the two X amp Y numbers The approximation approach is illustrated in Fig 6 64 and Fig 6 65 An arbitrary function is shown in Fig 6 64a The general mathematical expression of a function is y f x In real engineering system design the user is frequently in possession of a limited number of points only for a function say points O4 Os On On On Each of these points shows the relationship between two sets of numbers namely x referred to as argument and y referred to as dependant variable In other words each O point is defined by specific x y values i e each cross point corresponds to a particular pair of x y values Based on the above limited information we can provide a linear approximation of the real function as shown in Fig 6 64b An exaggerated representation of an arbitrary region is shown in Fig 6 65 which is self explanatory Considering the two similar triangles the following relation holds 6 54 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Yn Xn Ze Xn 1 6 1 y Yn 1 Thus the output value in respect of the input argument x based on linear approximation is given by the equation lo 6 2 X An n Xn EE The absolute error of y line x0 as a result of the approximation with respect to the true y value line x0 is given by the piece 0 0
154. nstants Due to the long time needed for execution no functions may be entered into fast programs under interrupt KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 5 5 8 USED KEYS User programs may be entered and edited using the standard PC keyboard by means of the following keys Table 5 10 Keys Description Enter Enters the selected commands operands data etc Ctrl Home Moves the cursor together with the visible portion of the display to the first step of the user program Ctrl End Moves the cursor together with the visible portion of the display to the last step of the user program Pg Up Moves the cursor one circuit up Pg Dn Moves the cursor one circuit down Left or Up ARROW Moves the cursor one step back in the user program Right or Down Moves the cursor one step forward in the user program ARROW Back Space Deletes the command situated immediately before the command indicated by the cursor Delete Deletes the command indicated by the cursor lt gt Digital input logic identifier Y Digital output logic operand identifier lt gt Internal relay logic identifier V Internal integer operand identifier V cell 0 15 9 Numerical keys lt F2 gt F9 Functional keys used to enter commands and functions see Items lt F12 gt 7 11 and 7 12 The lt
155. ntacts appears 2 Click the contact symbol e The selected contact appears in the circuit together with a dialogue box for Bit Operands 3 Type in the Bit Operand R1 4 Enter the Bit Operand R1 Step 3 1 Click And button on the Kidbar A list of contacts appears 2 Click the contact symbol 1 The selected contact appears in the circuit together with a dialogue box for Bit Operands 3 Type the Bit Operand V11 0 i e V cell No 11 0 bit 4 Enter the Bit Operand V1 1 0 Step 4 1 Click And button on the Kidbar A list of contacts appears 2 Click the contact symbol 111 7 The selected contact appears in the circuit together with a dialogue box for Bit Operands 3 Type in the Bit Operand X8 4 Enter the Bit Operand X8 Step 5 1 Click Coil button on the Kidbar A list of contacts appears 2 Click the coil symbol 7777 7 H The selected coil appears in the circuit together with a dialogue box for Bit Operands 3 Type in the Bit Operand Y5 4 Enter the Bit Operand Y5 Important Note The generation of the circuit can be executed by using the keyboard for example Step 1 1 Enter F2 The key symbol F2 exists on the Load button of the Kidbar A list of contacts appears 2 Allocate and enter the symbol H by key 6 4 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual The selected contact appears on the circuit together with dialogue box for Bit Operands 3 Type in
156. ntered into the Start Read from X Y R V field A logic operand is entered in the Info Err R Y field which operand is set to 1 in case of an improper execution of the CF The number of logic operands in case X Y or R are read or the number of the bytes if read from V cell subject to the transfer operation is set into the Length field Select the type of the Length field by clicking on the Operands Bytes button number of operands or number of bytes The button is toggled by clicking The R Y for execution logic operand R or Y is entered in the Result R Y field In case the CF will operate with integer operands the starting V cell of the target memory block is entered into the Start Write from field In case the CF will operate with logic operands X Y or R the first logic operand of the target memory block is entered into the Start Write from field After entering the data click OK button to enter the communication function In case of errors for instance an integer operand has been entered into a field allocated to logic operands in case the number of the operands or of bytes is larger than the highest permissible number and others the CF file will not be entered and error messages are displayed on the screen to indicate the improper entries Example 6 20 Enter a Comm Write function under No 1 Complying with condition R77 the function must write the status of 16 internal relays R1 R16 into the user mem
157. nterval t1 Setting the input condition to logic 1 indicates a request for execution The function is executed during the t1 interval which practically continues for several controller cycles This is indicated by setting the R Y operand to logic 1 During the t2 period the operator may use the results from the execution of the function for further processing After setting the execution operand to logic 1 the state must be maintained at least while the function request remains active which means while the function is being executed refer to Fig 6 72 A function may be considered as completed after both the input and the output conditions are set to 1 Until that time it would be improper to use its operands for the purposes of other functions functional blocks or ladder logic since this may lead to interlinking values and results and hence to undesirable changes in the user program The Floating Point Concept The KID Neuro PLC operates with integers and floating point numbers The floating point arithmetic involves specific representation and processing but fortunately we have prepare a very friendly custom oriented firmware in order to facilitate a simple and easy entry of function components KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 61 Nevertheless basic information is outlined to introduce the user to the floating point numbers The readers requiring more information are advised to refer to the specialized literature a goo
158. number of V cells accessible to the user The control input is connected to a circuit which enables or disables the operation of the MOVE functional block Principle of operation The value of operand O1 is written into operand O2 after each cycle of processing of the user program when a logic 1 is set at the input In The O1 operand does not change its value during this operation The block is disabled by a logic 0 at the input A Attention At least one of the two operands must be obligatorily a V cell A Attention When a logic operand is set as the first operand for instance the Y1 logic operand is assigned to O1 and V1 is assigned to O2 the states of Y1 Y2 Y16 will be stored after shifting the bits in V1 with Y1 assigned to the least significant bit of V1 and V16 assigned to the most significant bit of V1 In the reverse case V1 is assigned to O1 and Y1 is assigned to O2 after the move operation is executed the V1 bits will be stored consecutively in Y1 Y2 Y3 Y16 with Y1 assigned the least significant bit of V1 and Y16 assigned the most significant bit of V1 These specifics must be monitored very closely in order to avoid unwanted moves or other negative changes in the user program Entering Select the MOVE functional block command form Kidbar A dialog box is displayed on the screen Fig 6 34a which contains the following fields Move From and Move To In case a V cell is entered into the Move Fr
159. number within the range from V1 to V512 Out output Characteristics The control input of the block is connected to a circuit whose state enables or disables the block operation The ADD functional block operates with figures represented in complementary code refer to subsection 5 10 and 5 14 Principle of operation With the control input In set to a logic 1 the value in O1 is added to the value of O2 and the result is stored in O3 during each cycle of the user program The integer operands O1 O2 and O3 represent 16 bit figures with the most significant bit used as the sign bit The integers which may be represented in this manner are within the range from 32768 to 32767 which means that the result which will be stored in the O3 operand must also comply with this restriction When this condition is complied with the block output is set to a logic 0 The result from the addition of two positive figures or of two negative figures may exceed in absolute value the permissible limits which will result in an overflow and to an improper result In case of an overflow the output is set to a logic 1 Example 6 7 O1 31128 31128 O2 01921 01921 O3 33049 33049 In both cases the result lies outside the permissible range which will affect the sign bit in the result cell the block output is equal to 1 which is an indication for the occurrence of an error The overflow process may be illustrated by representing the signed
160. ocks Addition ADD Subtraction SUBTRACT Multiplication MULTIPLY Division DIVIDE All functional blocks occupy a single step of the user program The functional blocks are displayed on the screen as rectangles Fig 6 15 which contain data about the name of the functional block the operands inputs Output All functional blocks have one output and at least one control input KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 13 Input Control Operands inputs Input Input Fig 6 15 A circuit containing a functional block may be generated using the following sequence 1 Enter the circuits to which the inputs of the block will be connected The number of input circuits must be equal to the number of inputs 2 Enter the functional block 3 Enter the command s related to the block output AN Attention A functional block may not be entered in case the number of the input circuits is smaller than the number of the block inputs A message is displayed on the screen to indicate that the relevant command may not be selected A Attention In case the number of the input circuits is larger than the number of block inputs the programmer connects to the block inputs the relevant number of input circuits which were entered last A functional block is entered as follows 1 Select the command for the relevant functional block The programmer automatically connects the block inputs to t
161. ollowing fields Look in selects the path of the file to be opened File name contains the name of the file to be opened Files of type selects the type of the file extension Save Saves the last active file with an already selected name on the current drive under the same name and the same directory Save as Saves a new file or a new version on the last active file with a name drive and directory selected by the user After selecting the File Save or File Save as command a dialog box is displayed containing the following fields Save selects the directory where the new file is to be saved File name contains the new name of the file as selected by the user Save as type selects the file type extension Close Closes a current file 7 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual In case changes has been made to the active file a message Save changes to appears with the following buttons Yes Current changes are saved and the file is closed No The file is closed without saving the current changes Cancel Cancels the File Close command When an attempt is made to close an unsaved file the File Save is called automatically Load From Controller Decompiles and loads an user program and a quick interrupt program from the KID Neuro PLC memory The command requires an active connection between the personal computer and the programmable controller The command is executed after settin
162. ollows a Establish the Program mode of operation of the PLC b Click the icon of the PLC say No 1 whose number is to be changed c Drag the icon left button of the mouse and drop it on one of the grey i e free icons whose number is to be reattached to the PLC say No 7 d Release the button and wait for several seconds required for the change of the number This time is signalled by a warning Change the Number Please Wait After the change of the number is completed the above warning is replaced by regular Computer to PLC Communication picture The new number of the PLC is 7 8 2 CONNECTING KID NEURO PLC TO KIDBUS NETWORK To connect KID Neuro PLC to KIDBUS network just connect it electrically to network Icon with the number as already assigned of the KID Neuro PLC will appear on Network View window Fig 8 1 Note One number can be assigned to only one PLC 8 3 CHECK KID NEURO PLC HARDWARE Checking the PLC hardware is carried out by using dialog window titled Check PLC Hardware Click PLC Services menu Select and click Check New Hardware menu item the Check PLC Hardware window is displayed as shown in Fig 8 2 Normally the communication with the PLC No 1 is established when opening the Check PLC Hardware window Click the icon of the PLC number in order to establish communication with the corresponding KID Neuro PLC number The current configuration of the approached PLC is displayed when
163. om field Y or R or a V cell may be entered into the Move To field In case X or Y or R or a constant is entered into the Move From field only a V cell may be entered into the Move To field Move From Move To 50 v vd v Value o Value o Cancel Fig 6 34a In case V cell is used in a block the initial value is entered into the field located below the Move From resp Move To fields 6 28 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual It is recommended to store the values into internal variables V300 to V400 as they are stored on a nonvolatile memory see Item 5 3 Example 6 4 Generate the following program the integer 50 to be moved into V6 cell 1 HUE Y1 E _ Y6 0 Fig 6 34b The input circuit of the block is generated as described in Item 6 2 Then click the MOVE block on the Kidbar The dialog box used to set the values of the variables must be filled in as shown in Fig 6 34a After the dialogue box is filled in click OK button Fig 6 34b appears With X1 equal to a logic 1 the value 50 will be moved into V6 and the output will be set to a logic 1 No move will be executed in case X1 is set to a logic 0 The output of the block repeats the input logic state This allows to connect in series cascade connection several MOVE blocks being enabled by the same input state Fig 6 35 m Move Move Move Move Ye 50 1 0 V44 0 12 50 v22 150 v33 100 Y1 Fig 6 35 6 3 5 BLOCK MOVE
164. omplement integer 0 111111111111111 32767 see the note above KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 19 6 1 6 2 6 2 1 6 2 2 6 3 6 3 1 6 3 2 6 3 3 6 3 4 6 3 5 6 3 6 6 3 7 6 3 8 CHAPTER 6 GENERATION OF USER PROGRAMS GENERATION OF USER PROGRAMS GENERATION OF LADDER LOGIC CIRCUITS Entering Simple Circuits Entering of Complex Circuits ENTERING OF CIRCUITS CONTAINING FUNCTIONAL BLOCKS TIMER COUNTER COMPARE MOVE BLOCK MOVE Bit by Bit SHIFT ADD SUBTRACT KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 3 9 MULTIPLY 6 3 10 DIVIDE 6 3 11 DRUM 6 3 12 APPROX 6 3 13 Master Reset Relay 6 4 ENTERING AND EDITING OF FUNCTIONS 6 4 1 Mathematical Functions 6 4 2 PID Controller 6 4 2 1 Algorithms 6 4 2 2 Entering PID Data 6 4 2 3 Practical Considerations 6 4 3 Communication Functions CF 6 4 3 1 Comm WRITE Communication Function 6 4 3 2 Comm READ Communication Function 6 5 ENTRY OF COMMENTARIES 6 6 USER NAMES 6 7 PID SMOOTH MANUAL TO AUTO MODE TRANSITION 6 8 SPECIFICS OF PROGRAMMING IN CASE OF POWER SUPPLY FAILURE KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 1 GENERATION USER PROGRAMS Important notes a The expression Click should read Single click with the left hand button b The expression Double click should read Double click with the left hand button After the KID Neuro PLC Programmer is started a box is displayed on the screen which box contain
165. omputers and others as applicable have their own address The address is defined by the Identification Number The identification numbers must not be duplicated i e each number has its own identification number Before connecting a KID Neuro PLC more than one to the network it is a MUST to attach to this PLC its identification number This is accomplished by connecting the PLC to the computer programmer and designation an identification number by the user This number can be monitored in V251 cell of the PLC This procedure is carried out by using PLC Debug Screen Fig 8 1 IMPORTANT NOTES a The above procedure is carried out using Program Mode of operation of the PLC b The default number of each PLC is 1 c The identification number No 32 is reserved and is tight to the computer 8 1 CHANGING KID NEURO PLC NUMBER Changing KID Neuro PLC number is accomplished by clicking PLC Service menu and then clicking Debug Screen menu item the PLC Debug Screen appears as shown in Fig 8 1 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 8 1 As be seen the PLC Debug Screen dialog box the Network View window appears the top right side Each KID Neuro has its own number There are 30 places for PLC from 1 to 30 Each PLC is displayed on its place corresponding to its identification number The change of the number of a PLC is executed as f
166. on execution signal or an error signal takes place B The communication can be initiated by PLCq the PLCq is acting as INITIATOR while the Source PLCp is acting as a RESPONDER In this case the CF generated for the Initiator tells What kind of information logic or integer operands available in the memory of the Source PLCp Under what conditions Event Driven To be obtained i e to be read by PLCq From the memory of the Source PLCp In this case CF READ is utilized IMPORTANT After the CF is executed the Responder replies by a confirmation execution signal or an error signal takes place The communication functions allow for the data exchange between the local network subscribers Up to 8 communication functions may be included in an user program The highest number of integers which may be transferred from one controller to another with a single communication function is 25 and the maximum number of logic operands is 400 The communication functions are as follows Comm Write Comm READ KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 91 6 4 3 1 Comm WRITE Communication Function The CF transfer the data stored in the memory of the source controller where the CF itself is resident into the memory of the target controller whose number is set in the function file ana Representation Communication C Write to Controller N Length L O2 Error Start read O4 Start write O5 Fig 6 101
167. onal Block Commands Logic and Arithmetic Operations Table 5 5 Command Description Move Moves the contents of an integer operand to another integer operand Block Move Moves the contents of a block of integer operands to another block of integer operands Compare Compares the contents of two integer operands Timer Timer functional block time relay Counter Counter functional block pulse counter Drum DRUM functional block Approx APPROXIMATION functional block MCR MCREND A functional block used to reset the outputs the coils of the user program within its functional area Table 5 6 Logic operations Description Shift Left Right Executes bit by bit shift to the left or to the right of the contents of a block of integer operands Table 5 7 Arithmetic Description operations Add Sums up the contents of two integer operands and stores the result into a third integer operand Subtract Subtracts the contents of two integer operands and stores the result into a third integer operand Multiply Multiplies the contents of two integer operands and stores the result into a third integer operand Divide Divides the contents of two integer operands and stores the result into a third integer operand 5 4 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 6 SEQUENTIAL SYMBOLS
168. oned in the field used to enter the first operand 3 In case no changes are to be made in the first operand field the cursor is moved to the next field by pressing Tab Otherwise the new operand is typed in 4 Press ENTER to store the changes The MCR functional block is entered and edited in a specific manner as described in Item 6 3 13 A functional block may be deleted by pressing Backspace after the cursor had been positioned at the next command or by pressing Delete with the cursor positioned on the command A functional block may be replaced or inserted using a sequence similar to the sequence used to insert and delete a simple circuit A Attention When a functional block is replaced or inserted the programmer automatically connects the inputs of the new block to the existing input circuits It is possible to generate a redundant circuit in case the insert or replace operations were executed improperly 6 3 1 TIMER The Timer is used for generation of time retardation delay of signals commands thus providing options for the program to control specifications after defined time retard The time retardation is programmable by the operator in the frame of 0 to 327s for Time base 10 ms resp 0 to 3276s for Time base 100 ms ana Representation 1 control input Enable 2 reset input Reset Base time base 10ms or 100ms Set set value integer operand a V cell with a numb
169. ontents of two integer operands namely O1 and O2 The functional block provides the following logic operations a In case equal to mode is selected The output is at logic 1 ONLY when O1 O2 b In case larger than mode is selected The output is at logic 1 ONLY when O1 O2 i e O2 O1 The above operations are enabled ONLY when the Input is at logic1 Representation Compare Qut T O2 Fig 6 29 n control input 01 an integer operand a V cell within the range from V1 to V512 or a constant within the range from 1 to 32767 serving as initialization value 02 an integer operand a V cell within the range from V1 to V512 or a constant within the range from 1 to 32767 serving as initialization value T type of comparison or gt Out Output Characteristics The number of COMPARE functional blocks is limited only by the number of V cells accessible to the user The control input of the block is connected to a circuit which enables or disables its operation Principle of operation The block is disabled with a logic 0 at the control input and its output is set to a logic 0 A logic 1 at the control input enables the block and the value of the first operand is compared to the value of the second operand Depending on the type of comparison the output is set to a logic 1 as described above namely a In equal to mode ONLY when O1 O2 b In larger than
170. ory of controller No 27 Y17 Y32 The logic operand for execution is R40 The error message is R41 Solution The file of the CF must be filled in as shown on Fig 6 103 Communication Write No 1 X Controller No Condition Y R R77 Start Read from 61 Cancel pe RN InfoEr R Y Length 16 perand Start Write to Result R R40 717 Fig 6 103 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 93 6 4 3 2 Comm READ Communication Function The function reads from a source controller whose number is set in the function file and stores the data in the memory of the controller by which the execution of the function was requested Representation Communication C Read to Controller N Length L O2 Error O3 Start read O4 Start write O5 Fig 6 104 O1 condition O2 R Y for execution R Y for error O4 the first of a series of logic or integer operands whose contents will be read from the source controller O5 the first of a series of logic or integer operands in the memory of the controller by which the function was requested and in which the data as read will be stored C CF number N number of the source controller L number of logic operands or number of bytes slated for data exchange Entering Select the Comm Read function from the buttons bar A sample of the communication function is displayed with a field located to the
171. ot more than 100 elements The execution of the Fast Program has priority during the time the Fast Program is executed the execution of the regular logic program is temporary interrupted therefore it is known also as Fast Program under interrupt The Fast Program is started by the leading edge of a pulse applied to FI 1 Fast Input One input of the PLC refer to subsection 5 2 It is executed as a single cycle and takes Trast time Fig 8 6 The Fast Input One FI 1 is affiliated with X100 operand Trast 5 Trast gt Timer after Fast Program Fig 8 6 The following case needs special consideration Let s consider the case when many consecutive Fast Input signals are arriving at the FI input this could be caused by mechanical vibration of a relay for example This will initiate uninterrupted many Fast Program cycles which could take a considerable time period During this period the execution of the regular logic program will be interrupted which can be crucial for the production process In order to provide enough time for execution of the regular logic program after each Fast Program cycle a certain Time after Fast Program must be envisaged Fig 8 6 During this time no execution of the fast program can be initiated The Time after Fast Program is set considering the length of the regular logic program and the specifics of the process This time is set by opening of Save to PLC dialog box see Fig 6 98 The Fa
172. otection thermal protection Connector Terminal 1 5 mm Analog Inputs Number of inputs 5 analog inputs per module Measures and measurement ranges Y voltage 0 to 2 mA transmitter output 80 mV for measurement and transformation of J K R B 5 L M and T thermo couples Y current 0 to 20 mA Y resistance 0 to 300 Q Pt100 connected in a 3 or 4 wire circuit with linearisation options Digital filtering with cut off frequency selection 2 Hz 10 Hz Resolution 15 bits 32767 units at 22 Bits No Missing Codes ADC 1 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Table 1 1 Cont Non linearity error 0 002 for voltage and current measurement 0 006 for resistance measurement Temperature error 0 5 uV C for voltage measurement 200 nA C for current measurement 10 mQ C for resistance measurement Gain drift 10 ppm C for voltage measurement 50 ppm C for current measurement 30 ppm C for resistance measurement Connector Terminal 1 5 mm Analog Outputs Number of outputs 4 analog outputs per module Nominal supply voltage 24V DC Output signals 0to5V Y voltage 0 to 10 V 0 to 20 mA Y current 4 to 20 mA 0 to 24 mA Resolution 15 bits 32767 units at 16 Bits Resolution DS DAC
173. part can be called separately In case the user needs both parts to be displayed simultaneously then drag and drop twice the same V cell and call for the first image the High V Bits format and for the second image the Low V Bits format or vice versa The grey pellet colour reflects logic 0 state for both parts The red pellet colour reflects logic 1 state for High V Bits part The blue pellet colour reflects logic 1 state for Low V Bits IMPORTANT NOTE The V cell content may be monitored in different formats simultaneously on the Watch Window field simply drag and drop as many times as required the respective V cell and attach to each of its icons the respective format OPTION 2 using V cells Fields The V cells content is displayed as signed integers by default on the V cells fields of PLC Debug Screen In case presentation in other format is required proceed as follows Right Click the respective V cell a drop down list box appears e Signed integer e Unsigned integer e Real e Hexadecimal e Long integer e Binary Click to select the respective format the format is changed in accordance to your selection Simultaneously your selection is reflected in the Type column Note For long tailed representations such as binary format click once more to display the whole image of the integer 9 6 8 The PLC Mode of Operation Field A drop down list box can be called from the Mode of Operation field Work P
174. ply Fast Programs The User Program and the Fast Program are loaded into KID Neuro PLC by using Save to PLC dialog box shown in Fig 9 1 To call the Save to PLC dialog box proceed as follows Click File menu Click Save to Controller item from the download menu items The dialog box appears Fig 9 1 fred ETIT EJ EJ sm on a on 5 IET 010 EN KPP1 Unsaved pave LO Fig 9 1 A PLC is selected from the relevant icon The names of the currently open programs are displayed in the Load from Document field The Fast Program is saved normally in Fast kpf file When the program is loaded from a disk use Load from Disk group to select the program The program which must be loaded to the PLC is selected by double clicking on the respective program name The KID Fast Program contains information about the fast program which is to be loaded to the PLC 9 2 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual The Enable Fast Program option enables the fields used with fast program under interrupt The shortest time interval between the successive executions of two fast programs is set in the Time After Fast Program field The time interval is set in microseconds If pulses are fed to the fast counter input Fl 1 during the Time After Fast Program interval the execution of the Fast Program is not initiated see also Fig 8 6 Note Programs may be loa
175. portion of the figure The more significant portion of the figure is automatically stored in the next V cell with the most significant bit of the second V cell used as a sign bit In case the integer operand O1 is entered as a constant it represents a 16 bit figure with the most significant bit used as a sign bit The integer operand O2 represents a 16 bit figure whose most significant bit is used as a sign bit In case O2 0 division by zero the cells allocated for the result and for the remainder reset to zero and bit 7 of V250 is set to a logic 1 see Item 5 11 An ancient proverb Only the devils are dividing by zero The integer operand O3 is represented as two 16 bit figures The first figure is equal to the result of the division of the two integers with the most significant bit used as sign bit The remainder is written into the second figure which again has a sign bit The two 16 bit figures are stored in two V cells with successive numbers with the number of the first cell entered into the field while the number of the second is assigned automatically to the V cell which is next in line With the control input of the block set to a logic 1 and in case the values of the integer operand have been entered properly the division function is executed and the output of the block is set to a logic 0 The occurrence of on overflow in the cell allocated for the result is indicated by setting the block outp
176. quation may contain up to 6 operands connected with any of the seven arithmetic operations addition subtraction multiplication division square square root and reciprocal value The result may be an integer or a floating point number Intermediate results are stored internally in a floating point format in order to improve accuracy Limits may be set for the solution of the equation The user is provided with the option to set the upper and the lower limit of the acceptable values of the result In case the result obtained after the execution of the mathematical function falls within the preset range the result is stored in the integer operand allocated for this purpose If the result is beyond the acceptable limits the limit value set by the user is stored in the allocated operand instead of the actual result A logic operand flag with a number corresponding to the number of the fixed integer operand is set to a logic 1 in order to signalize that the corresponding limit value is reached The following V cells and flags are allocated for entry of the upper and lower limits if this is the case i e when we use the operation mode lt gt Limits V cells and Flags Table 6 2 Upper limit Lower Limit MF No Value Flag Value Flag MF1 V20 R20 V21 R21 MF2 V22 R22 V23 R23 MF3 V24 R24 V25 R25 MF4 V26 R26 V27 R27 MF5 V28 R28 V29 R29 MF6 V30 R30 V31 R31
177. r the new data After the changes are completed click OK button to enter the changes in the DRUM functional block Example 6 13 Generate a program for execution of the following function The DRUM combination outputs of the DRUM functional block as described in Example 6 12 resp Fig 6 60 to be terminated delivered to the PLC physical outputs say Y33 to 48 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 51 Solution As shown in Example 6 12 the 6 combinations of the DRUM functional block are successively present at V10 cell which stores the current Drum combinations output content So we have to transfer to move the bit by bit content of this V10 cell of Drum functional block to the PLC physical outputs Y33 to Y48 as shown in Fig 6 61 Vio Drum combinations output Vn cell Move from V10 Move to Y33 PLC physical outputs Fig 6 61 The presentation Fig 6 61 calls for an operation Move from V10 Move to Y33 You may recollect that such operation can be executed by the MOVE functional block subsection 6 3 5 Therefore we have to generate a Move functional block in addition to the Drum circuitry The final circuit is shown in Fig 6 62 1 Y1 Drum Timer Count 6 Move 10 0 Y 33 Fig 6 62 The program shown in Fig 6 62 is almost ready for your home washing machine Example 6 14 Generate a program for execution of the following function The Drum Timer Fig 6 60 to be forced o
178. r whose number the relevant operand is entered is used to store the less significant portion of the figure The more significant portion is automatically stored in the next V cell with the most significant bit used as the sign bit Second V cell First V cell 1514131211109876543210 15 14 13 12 11 109876543210 15 bit of the second V cell is the sign bit The figures which may be written in this manner may range between 2147483648 to 2147483647 A 32 bit figure may be interpreted also as two 16 bit figures which actually represent the values stored in the two V cells It must be noted that the value of the operand interpreted as a 32 bit figure is different from the value of the operand stored as two 16 bit figures Example 5 2 1111111111111110 1111111111111101 65539 the numerical 65539 interpreted as a 32 bit integer The same figure interpreted as two 16 bit figures will yield the following result 1111111111111110 2 the more significant portion of the 32 bit figure 1111111111111101 3 the less significant portion of the 32 bit figure 5 8 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 11 SERVICE INTEGER VARIABLES 5 Table 5 11 V cell Description V240 System clock seconds V241 System clock minutes V242 System clock hours V243 System clock date V244 System clock month
179. racteristics The control inputs of the block are connected to circuits whose logic state enables or disables the execution of the block The circuits connected to In1 and In2 must be identical The MCR impact zone incorporates a portion of the ladder logic of the user program which is limited by the MCR and MCREND commands The MCREND command must not precede the MCR command which means that the step where the MCREND is entered must have a higher number within the user program than the step in which the MCR is entered 6 58 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Principle of operation The MCR functional block affects only the state of the logic operands in the Out commands located between the MCR and MCREND commands With the In1 and In2 inputs set to a logic 0 the results from the processing of the respective circuits are stored in the logic operands of the Out commands With In1 and In2 inputs set to a logic 1 the MCR block forcefully sets the logic operands of the Out command within the zone of impact to a logic 0 the coils are disconnected from the power supply N Attention It is not allowed to enter the MCREND command before the MCR command enter the MCR command without entering the MCREND command and vice versa different input circuits for MCR and MCREND Entering The MCR functional block consists of two parts and is entered as follows Enter the MCR input command circuit as already explained Select th
180. rogram Debug Force Force D Click an item to select the relevant mode Subsection 3 1 1 to 3 1 5 provides substantial information about the scope and designation of each of the above PLC operational modes The user may find it useful to read subsection from 3 1 1 to 3 1 5 Additional information is outlined in tabular form in Table 9 1 9 12 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Table 9 1 MODE OF PLC OPERATION OPTIONS 2 a x 0 FOR CHANGES Y 9 O 2 O O a a c EDITING ADJUSTMENTS o o Yes Logic Program LP Execution Yes No No Yes stepwise or continuous Yes Yes Yes Yes Digital Outputs are controlled No by LP by LP Designer byLP byLP Changes are allowed for X No No No No Yes Changes are allowed for R No Yes Yes Yes Changes are allowed for Y No No Yes Yes Yes Changes are allowed for V cells No Yes Yes Yes Yes The following basic information must be taken also into account during the monitoring interpretation debug process Work Mode The process is controlled in an arbitrary way the programs are executed normally All operands can be monitored including the state of the physical inputs Nochanges of variables are allowed Any attempt to change the value of an operand displays a Warning to change the mode of operation This is the typical final mode of operation o
181. rror at the moment n T En 1 SPn 1 PVn 1 is the system error at the moment n 1 Ts q spq pva is the system error at the moment qT q varies from 0 to n AEn j 54 is the error difference 6 72 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Ti is the isodrom time Ta is the differentiation time constant advance time In order to secure a smooth switching ON during Set Point changes of the PID controller the following algorithm is used T n T k e Ye Apv n r En T oa T 6 5 is the process variable difference pVn is the process variable at the moment n T pva is the process variable at the moment n 1 Ts and the rest of the abbreviations are the same as in equation 6 4 The above particular form of PID algorithm is referred to as Enhanced Positional PID Controller As can be seen from equation 6 5 the process variable difference is used instead of the error difference in the differential component of the equation compare eq 6 4 and eq 6 5 In other words the tendency of the process variable is calculated in the differential component but not the changes in the Set Point of the PID controller The industry employs integrating control valves For such purposes the so called Delta PID algorithm is used In fact this Delta PID algorithm can be derived by differentiating of equation 6 5 Ta AU k ee Apv 4 6 6 where
182. s 2 high speed counter inputs Open collector digital output Number of outputs 1 Digital Inputs 24 V Digital Inputs Number of inputs 8 per module Nominal input voltage 24 V DC Input voltage range Up to 35 V DC Input current 6 to 30 mA according to IEC 1131 Logic 0 0 to 5 V DC according to IEC 1131 Logic 1 11 to 35 V DC according to IEC 1131 Connector Terminal 1 5 mm 220 V Digital Inputs Number of inputs 8 digital inputs per module Nominal input voltage 220 V AC Input current 3 to 20 mA according to IEC 1131 Logic 0 0 to 30 V AC according to IEC 1131 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 1 1 Table 1 1 Cont Logic 1 Above 30 V AC according to IEC1131 Connector Terminal 1 5 mm Digital Outputs Relay Outputs Number of outputs 8 digital outputs per module Nominal supply voltage 24 V DC Switch over voltage Up to 220 V DC 220 V AC Max switch over current 2A Connector Terminal 1 5 mm MOSFET Switch Outputs Number of outputs Max 8 digital outputs per module Nominal supply voltage 24 V DC Max switch over current 1A Protections Short circuit protection output voltage overshoot pr
183. s the following elements title line Strip containing the main menu commands Toolbar see Chapter 7 astrip containing buttons used to enter commands and functions further referred to as Kidbar astrip on the bottom indicating the state of various parameters status bar After selecting New File New File kpp an window is displayed which is used to enter commands and functions into the user program Commands and functions may be selected as follows Fig 6 1 from Kidbar by clicking on the selected item by pressing a functional key corresponding to the selected Kidbar command button for example press functional key F2 for Load command The Kidbar buttons indicate the groups of elements used in relay contact logic After a group is selected a menu appears containing the relevant commands For instance a menu containing the functions Load Load1 Load Not Load IMP and Load IMP NOT appears after the Load button is pressed a more detailed description of the programmer menus is included in Chapter 7 of this Manual A fast program under interrupt can also be generated by using the File New and by selecting the NewFile Fast kpf sub menu KidNeuro KPP1 Unsaved la x PA File Edit View Services 55 Interface Edit Commentary Tables Font Window Help n m n s m e Leela afa al alal 811019 F WE Paraitet cot ac t 5 Seite 9 Arth
184. section 8 3 and Fig 8 2 PLC Services Check PLC Hardware 9 5 3 The View Control Panel Settings The View Control Panel Settings can be called and monitored as follows refer also to subsection 7 8 Tables Menu Indicator Configuration 9 5 4 The ADC Settings The ADC Settings can be called and monitored as follows refer also to subsection 8 4 PLC Services ADC Settings Read from PLC 9 5 5 The PID Screen The PID Screen can be called and monitored as follows refer also to subsection 6 4 2 and Fig 6 99 PLC Services PLC Screen 9 5 6 The Operands The operational status of the operands can be monitored by calling the PLC Debug Screen Fig 9 3 PLC Services PLC Debug Screen 9 4 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Do 8 5 D Fa m 85 Seby ste Tar 2 4 i 8 9 1 fl 2 9 6 PLC DEBUG SCREEN The PLC Debug Screen dialog box Fig 9 3 provides extremely valuable information about the PLCs and View Control Panels configurations as well as about the operand status 9 6 1 The Network View Field The icons of the PLCs and View Control Panels are displayed on this field To approach a PLC or a View Control Panel i e to establish communication click to select a particular PLC or View Control Panel 9 6 2 The PLC General View Field The curren
185. sfer Fig 6 99 6 4 3 Communication Functions CF The communications between the local network subscribers are based on the principle known as TOKEN PASING and are entirely democratic Each PLC is provided with access for a specified period of time for executing the communication functions as requested in the program EVENT DRIVEN communication The execution of the CF is completely asynchronous in terms of the logic program and is synchronised by the Execution conditions and by the R Y for execution The communication between two PLCs is executed via the network Fig 6 100 6 90 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Data Transfer Source PLC Target PLC Fig 6 100 For the example shown in Fig 6 70 the data are transferred from PLCp referred to as Source PLC to PLCq referred to as Target PLC A The communication can be initiated by PLCp i e the PLCp is acting as INITIATOR while the Target PLCq is acting as RESPONDER In this case the Communication Function generated for the Initiator tells What kind of information logic or integer operands available in the memory of the Source PLCp Under what conditions Event Driven To be transferred i e to be written Into the memory of the Target PLCq In this case CF WRITE is utilized IMPORTANT After the CF is executed the Responder replies by a confirmati
186. shown in Fig 6 76 Click 1 st and enter say V1 for A Integer Initial value 10 Click NOP below select and click Click 2 nd and enter say V10 for B Integer Initial value 0 Click NOP below select and click Click 3 th and enter say V15 for C Integer Initial value O Click below select and click Click Result and enter say V18 Integer Initial value O All entries and the corresponding equation appear as shown in Fig 6 77 b Click Integer Floating point Constant button relevant to the result and select the Float Floating point format The new entries and the corresponding equation appear as shown in Fig 6 78 Due to the floating point format the result operand occupies two consecutive V cells now namely V18 and V19 c Click each relevant Integer Float Constant button and select Float You will realize that V1 operand cannot be changed in Floating point format Therefore REMEMBER The first operand is always an integer operand Due to the floating point format all operands except V1 occupy two V cells The new entries and the corresponding equation are shown in Fig 6 79a Mathematics X OK 18 1 10 15 Cancel Operands and Operations dst 1 v 0 Integer Condition end p Y o Integer R Y Ready 3h 15 0 Integer 1721 fi 4th o Integer B21 ni Bth 0 Integer
187. shown in Fig 7 5 7 4 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Go To Step EG Step No GoTo Fig 7 5 You have notice that while Select menu is not activated the following menus have been disabled Cut Copy Paste and Clear Selection After Selection is activated and a certain section of the program is selected by dragging the following menus are enabled Cut Copy Paste and Clear Selection thus you can select and then Cut or Copy or Paste the selected sector Cut deletes the selected portion of the ladder program and stores the selected data for use by a Copy Paste or a new Cut command Copy copies the selected portion of the program Prepares for the execution of a Paste program Paste displays the copied portion of the program at the point specified by the user Clear Selection clears the selected portion of the ladder program IMPORTANT NOTE The same commands can be activated by right click as explained in Edit Type menu para 7 3 VIEW MENU COMMANDS By clicking View menu the following dialog box appears View PLC Services 422 Inl v Toolbar v Interface Bar v Kid Bar v Status Bar v View by Standart names View by User names Output Fig 7 6 The View menu commands hide or display the button strips Tool bar the buttons on this strip perform the same functions as the commands in the Standard Menu KID Bar buttons for entry of ladder components Status Bar a data line
188. sign bit When O1 is entered as a constant it should be in the range from 32768 to 32767 O2 aninteger operand divisor a V cell within the range of V1 V512 or a constant within the range from 32768 to 32767 an integer operand the result the quotient which occupies always a set of two V cells This set is identified by the first V cell The first V cell contains the result of the division i e an integer whereas the second V cell is used for storage of the remainder of the division even in case this remainder is zero KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 43 Important Note Never use this second V cell for other purposes For example when the remainder is zero consider this V cell as occupied with zero content but not free for alternative use Out the output of the functional block Characteristics The control input is connected to a circuit whose state enables or disables the operation The DIVIDE functional block operates with figure represented by their complementary code see Items 5 10 and 5 14 Principle of operation With the control input set to a logic 1 the value of O1 is divided by the value of O2 during each cycle of the user program and the result is stored in O3 In case the integer operand O1 is entered as a V cell it represents a 32 bit figure and is stored in two successive V cells The first cell whose number is entered into the O1 field stores the less significant
189. smitted via x given LonWorks S P lce green Normal operation of Off KID Neuro PLC KID Neuro PLC not Blinking at 1 s intervals configured Reset Blinks once KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 2 3 Table 2 6 Cont Wink Upon performing a Wink operation for the first time Service remains constantly on Upon performing a Wink operation for the second time blinking Upon performing a Wink operation for the third time remains constantly on etc 2 4 CONNECTION OF HIGH SPEED COUNTER INPUTS The high speed counter inputs 1 and 2 represent digital inputs which are used for counting of pulses with frequency up to 100 kHz The terminals connected to these inputs are connected to the processor PCB The signals fed to the high speed counter inputs must have steep front edges Recommended circuits the signal to the high speed counter inputs are fed from an NPN transistor are shown in Fig 2 4 and Fig 2 5 below KID Neuro O O ndustrial Software Fig 2 4 2 4 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual ux i D Neuro Software Fig 2 5 A Note It is not recommended to feed a relay signal to the high speed counter inputs Relay actuation may generate stray pulses which may be registered by the counter input A front edge at 1 generates an interrupt which st
190. st Program is generated in the way already explained for the regular ladder logic program KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 8 7 To download the Fast Program proceed as follows 8 8 Click File and select by clicking Save to Controller item the Dialog Box Save to PLC appears as shown in Fig 6 98 Click Enable Fast Program window Enter the Time after Fast Program as required the default Time after Fast Program is 100 us Call the Fast Program from Document or from Disk saved as KPF extension file together with the regular logic program Double click the Fast Program name its name appears automatically on the KID Fast Ladder Program field Double click the regular logic program its name appears automatically on the KID Ladder Program field Click Save to PLC to download KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 DEBUGGING KID NEURO 9 1 9 2 9 3 9 4 9 5 9 5 1 9 5 2 9 5 3 9 5 4 9 5 5 9 5 6 9 6 9 6 1 PLC PROGRAMS GENERAL THE X Y R V LOGBOOK DOWNLOADING OF USER PROGRAMS TO PLC READING OF PROGRAMS FROM PLC MONITORING The Programs The Hardware Configuration The View Control Panel Settings The ADC Settings The PID Screen The Operands PLC DEBUG SCREEN The Network View Field KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 6 2 9 6 3 9 6 4 9 6 5 9 6 6 9 6 7 9 6 8 9 7 The PLC General View Field The Digital Inputs X Field The Digital Outputs Y
191. t configuration of the selected KID Neuro PLC is displayed on the right bottom part of the PLC Debug Screen Fig 9 3 showing which slots are occupied The PLC slots contain data about the modules in the respective slots The data about the slot content is displayed by positioning the mouse cursor on the respective slot For the controller slot the following information is displayed Name of the program which is loaded to PLC KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 5 Length of the program Version of the Firmware for example 513 Version of Hardware for example H4 Availability of LonWorks Transceiver For the 1 to 12 slots the following information is displayed The slot Number The type of the module for example Analog Inputs or Analog Outputs V cells affiliated to the respective module for example Analog Inputs V201 V205 n case the slot is empty the message Slot No Empty appears n case the module is not powered red color 24 V image is displayed on the respective module Each of the existing modules is checked for proper operation namely existence of a connection between the processor and the module existence of power supply at the digital and analog modules In addition to the information displayed by positioning the cursor on the respective slot the bits of V257 cell indicate the presence or absence of modules in respective slots and presence or absence of errors rela
192. ted to the respective module A logic 0 at the respective bit indicates the existence of a module and the absence of errors A logic 1 at the respective bit indicates the absence of a module or the presence of an error The allotment of the V257 bits is as follows Bit V257 0 is allowed for slot 1 Bit V257 1 is allowed for slot 2 Bit V257 11 is allowed for slot 12 Bit V257 12 is allowed for LonWorks Transceiver Furthermore the bits of V258 cell indicate the presence of power supply to the respective digital and analog outputs modules A logic 0 at the respective bit indicates the existence of power supply at the corresponding module in respect of slot number A logic 1 at the respective bit indicates the absence of power supply at the corresponding module in respect of slot number The allotment of the V258 bits is as follows Bit V258 0 is allowed for slot 1 Bit V258 1 is allowed for slot 2 Bit V258 11 is allowed for slot 12 The bits corresponding to slots where the modules do not require power supply are not used 9 6 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 6 3 The Digital Inputs X Field The digital inputs from X1 to X128 are displayed on the left top field of the screen Fig 9 3 and Fig 9 4a Normal Raw 8 2 xs 2 2 2 xr 5 x4 ooQeoQQo X9 x5 x QOooQoogo X81 QO
193. th a number from V1 to V512 or a constant within the range from 32768 to 32767 02 an integer operand subtrahend a V cell with a number from V1 to V512 or a constant within the range from 32768 to 32767 O3 aninteger operand the result a V cell with a number within the range from V1 to V512 block output Characteristics The control input of the block is connected to a circuit whose state enables or disables the block operation The SUBTRACT functional block operates with figures represented by their complementary code refer to subsection 5 10 and 5 14 6 38 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Principle of operation With the control input In set to a logic 1 the value of O2 is subtracted from the value of O1 during each cycle of the user program The result is stored in O3 The integer operands O1 O2 and O3 represent 16 bit figures with the most significant bit used as the sign bit The integers which may be represented in this way vary between 32768 to 32767 In order to complete the operation correctly the results stored in O3 must be also within the same range With all the conditions complied with the block output is set to a logic 0 The SUBTRACT operation actually sums up two figures by changing the sign of the subtrahend Because of this the result from the subtraction of a positive figure from a negative figure may exceed the admissible range which will cause overflow and will yield an improp
194. the Bit Operand X1 4 Enter the Bit Operand X1 The next steps are executed in the similar way press F3 for And F4 for Or etc Task 6 1 Change the operand V11 0 to Y1 in the circuit shown in Fig 6 2 Solution 1 Double click V11 command 2 Type in the new operand Y 1 3 Enter the new operand Y1 Now you have the new edition of the circuit as shown in Fig 6 3 Y1 x8 Y5 S R1 1 Fig 6 3 Task 6 2 Delete the And F X8 command from the circuit shown in Fig 6 3 Solution 1 Click on 11 X8 2 Press Delete key Now you have the new version of the circuit as shown in Fig 6 4 1 Y1 Y5 ge R1 Fig 6 4 1 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 5 Task 6 3 Insert And 1 F X7 command before Y5 Solution 1 Click Y5 2 Click And button on the Kidbar A list of contacts appears 3 Click the contact F The contact appears in the circuit together with a dialogue box for Bit Operand 4 Type in the Bit Operand X7 5 Enter the Bit Operand XT Now the revised circuit appears on the screen as shown in Fig 6 5 1 Y1 x7 Y5 jJ T H R1 Fig 6 5 Task 6 4 Insert an OR 1 F R13 command parallel to X1 amp R1 Solution 1 Click Y1 2 Click OR button on Kidbar A list of contacts appears 3 Click the relevant contact i e 1 The contact appears in the circuit together with the Bit Operand dialogue box 4 Write in the operand R13 5 Enter the
195. the current cycle In case there is no valid user program or in case the execution time excedes 25 ms the PLC is switched to the Program mode The state of the physical inputs is read when the PLC is in the Program mode In case a query for loading of a user program had been made it is stored into the KID Neuro PLC memory after which the program validity is checked The user program is deleted in case it is invalid When in ForceD mode the PLC checks the state of the digital inputs from Debug Screen after which the user program is executed The results from the execution are stored at the outputs In case the PLC is in the Force mode the PLC checks the state of the digital inputs The user values stored in the programmer are moved to the digital outputs In case no valid operational mode is established the KID Neuro PLC is switched to the Program mode KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 3 3 Start cycle Is mode Program Yes Reading inputs user program valid Reading inputs execution of user program Request for saving Saving user program Is the user program valid Deleting user program Time for execution of user program gt 25ms Yes Mode Program Mode Program Execution a part of the functions for 1ms Writing to the outpus Fig 3 2 3 4 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Is mode Force D Is mode
196. there was a commentary on chain B it is replaced by the shifted commentary text The second basic edit type is SELECTION Edit Type This menu provides capability for Copy Cut and Paste of selected area of the logic program It also provides Undo operation for error recovery The selection of an area of the logic program is accomplished by dragging from top left to bottom right or from bottom left to top right There are two options for execution of Cut Copy and Paste edit operations KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 7 9 Option 1 Using Edit menu button Cut command Select the corresponding area of operands and or functions and or functional blocks Click Edit menu button the menu list appears as shown in Fig 7 3 Click Cut menu item the selected area is deleted and is sent to the Clipboard Important Note Always using Cut Command inspect carefully the resulting effect on your logic program In case the result is unsatisfactory reject the command by using Undo and try alternative approach Copy command Select the corresponding area of operands and or functions and or functional blocks Click Edit menu button the menu list appears as shown in Fig 7 3 Click Copy menu item the selected area is sent to the Clipboard but is not deleted from its original place Paste command As already explained both Cut and Copy commands send the selected area into the Clipboard The Clipboard memorizes
197. tion After the PLC KID Neuro is set in the Force D mode the Step by Step may be selected and the PLC is switched to a step by step mode of program execution A single cycle of the program is executed after clicking of the Run button This mode is very useful for testing of pulse edge controlled ladder programs 9 7 POWER CUT OFF POWER ON CONSIDERATIONS The PLC power supply cut off and the PLC power supply restoration may have considerable impact on both processor safety and operator s safety therefore it needs special consideration The designer of the user program s must stipulate and reflect the relevant preventive measures into the user program s in order to meet the adequate safety requirements of the technology process to be controlled and of the local legal safety standards In respect to safety considerations the PLC behaviour after power supply restoration is very important For easy reference let us accept the following denotations Torr denotes the moment of PLC power supply cut off Tow denotes the moment of PLC power supply restoration Table 9 2 illustrates the PLC Mode of Operation behaviour in respect to power supply restoration Table 9 2 The PLC Mode of Operation at moment Torr The PLC Mode of Operation at moment Ton WORK PROGRAM DEBUG FORCE FORCE D WORK PROGRAM DEBUG WORK OR PROGRAM WORK OR PROGRAM 9 14 KID Neuro PLC User s Man
198. tional block are characterized by a The index of the first V sell also referred to as START V cell Actually this is also referred to as V cell b The number of combinations N So if in the field O is introduced V cell the following cells are occupied by the Drum Timer Table 6 1 V cell Designation Position Index This is the START V cell Stores the current DRUM combination output content Vn Stores the index of the current position combination Stores the number of combinations N N max T pict 4 Stores the combination Roser utr dover T bits for Drum position 0 Stores the combination of bits for Drum position 1 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 47 1 n 2 i Table 6 1 Cont Vh 4 amp N 1 Stores the combination of bits for the last Drum N 1 position N 1 Total number of the RECAPITULATION occupied V cell Total number Total number of Drum combination of bits incl of positions combination O incl Pos O N 4 N N Principle of operation The DRUM functional block operates in a manner similar to an electro mechanical drum selector Fig 6 56 Drum buttons 0000000000 Drum contacts 16 15 14 13 12 5 4 3 Fig 6 56a Electro mechanical Drum selector Drum In OV Functional block n Vn Output Vn cell Bit number Drum combinations output Fig 6 56b DRUM Functional Block The electro mechanic drum selector is a mu
199. to 500 by using MANUAL control mode After switching on AUTO mode the process variable will become subject to abrupt pull up ahead 1000 C Some processes can not afford or can not tolerate or can not sustain such sharp changes of the process variable There are two ways to tackle the problem Option 1 Being on MANUAL mode pull up smoothly the process variable towards the Set Point value 1000 C by entering reasonable values for PID OUTPUT refer to Fig 6 99 the field PID Out When the process variable reaches the Set Point value 1000 switch on AUTO mode Option 2 Before starting the MANUAL control mode manipulation arrange the logic When MANUAL make SP pv i e to tie up the Set Point to the process variable With this arrangement during the MANUAL mode operation the Set Point value will follow strictly the process variable therefore any moment you switch on AUTO mode there will be no abrupt change of the process variable value When switching on AUTO mode the Set Point value will remain constant and equal to the SP value at the moment of switching AUTO In order to restore the SP 1000 C value smoothly pull up the SP value by entering reasonable value for Set Point refer to Fig 6 99 the extreme top right field The logic When MANUAL make SP can be accomplished if the program shown in Fig 6 110 is added to the program of Fig 6 97 V319 15 HUE 300 0 301 0 Fig 6 110 KID Neuro PLC
200. to obtain information about the absence of power supply by monitoring the state of specific internal volatile variables an example is shown in Fig 6 111 Specific user program to be executed in case of POWER DOWN Fig 6 111 The external fluctuations of the power supply and its setting time do not affect the operation of the controller After the power supply is restored the controller initiates a new scanning cycle only after the power supply voltage has reached its nominal ratings which means at least 19 V 6 102 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 7 1 7 2 7 3 7 4 7 5 7 6 Tel 7 8 7 9 7 10 7 11 7 12 7 13 CHAPTER 7 MENU FILES FILE MENU COMMANDS EDIT MENU COMMANDS VIEW MENU COMMANDS PLC SERVICES MENU COMMAND INTERFACE MENU COMMANDS EDIT TYPE MENU COMMANDS EDIT COMMENTARY MENU COMMANDS TABLES MENU COMMANDS WINDOW MENU COMMAND HELP MENU COMMAND BUTTONS TOLL BAR MENU COMMANDS MAIN BUTTONS STRIP LADDER COMMANDS QUICK ENTRY KEYS KID Neuro PLC User s Manual BASIC MENU COMMANDS The strip with the main menu commands is situated on the upper part of the main programmer window Fig 7 1 The commands included in these menus are similar in terms of their functional description as all other applications operating in a windows environment The present chapter deals specially with those commands which have a more specific description 3f KidNeuro KPP1 Unsaved File Edit x PLC Services 425
201. tput is entered into the Out UP Range field and must be within the range from 32768 to 32767 Out UP Range sets the upper limit of the acceptable range of the output delta output values of the PID controller Fig 6 84 The value of the lower limit of the output delta output is entered into the Out DN Range field and must be within the range from 32768 to 32767 Out DN Range sets the lower limit of the acceptable range of the output delta output values of the PID controller Fig 6 84 OUT dOUT Out UP Range gt t Out DN Range Fig 6 84 42 Note Do not forget to enter the values for the upper and the lower limit of the Output Delta Output because the PID controller will not be able to operate In case no such limits are necessary leave the default settings 32767and 32768 respectively for the upper and the lower limit The upper and lower deviation values are entered into the fields of the PID Deviations DEAD BAND fields Fig 6 83 The difference between the upper and the lower deviation values is referred to as DEAD BAND Fig 6 85 Process Variable UPAlarm UP Dev Set Point DN Dev Dead Band DN Alarm gt t Fig 6 85 When the difference between the target Set Point and the current value Process Variable is within the range defined by the upper and the lower deviation Dead Band the output value of the PID controller is not cal
202. trol input 01 an integer operand used to allocate the number of the first V cell of Block 1 from which the MOVE operation originates Generally this could be any V cell from V1 to V512 however a V cell from V300 to V400 is recommended 11 an integer equal to the index of the first V cell of Block 1 source block from which the MOVE operation originates a figure within the range from 1 to 512 O2 aninteger operand used to allocate the number of the first V cell of Block 2 which is the destination of the MOVE TO operation Any of V1 to V512 can be used preferably V300 to V400 12 equal to the index of the first V cell of Block 2 destination block a figure within the range from 1 to 512 N number of cells whose contents will be moved Out output Characteristics The number of the BLOCK MOVE functional blocks is limited only by the number of V cells accessible to the user The functional block input is connected to a circuit whose state is used to enable or disable the block operation The block output repeats the input state which allows several BLOCK MOVE functional blocks executing one and the same function to be connected in series cascade connection Principle of operation When the control input In is set to a logic 1 the contents of N V cells of Block 1 with an initial V cell assigned the number 1 is moved after the execution of each cycle of the user program to
203. tworks connections between the KID Neuro PLC and the View Control Panel Convertible Converts the current Ladder program Connection Table and Indicator Table into the format suitable for the operation of KID Neuro PLC with LCA LonWorks Component Architecture The conversion file is stored into directory of the respective Ladder file and has the same name but the extension is set to cla KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 7 3 7 2 EDIT MENU COMMANDS Clicking Edit menu displays the following box Edit View Services 1422 Undo Ctrlez at ST Str HE Baste 20197 GiEar Selection 2797 Select Ctrl S Find Operand Operand s info Del All commentary Alt Del GoTo Step Fig 7 3 Undo reverses the execution of the last command Select shows the mode of operation for execution of a Cut Copy or Paste command for details see Edit Type menu Find Operand the command executes a successive search of a ladder program operand starting at the current step downwards towards the end of the file The dialog box shown in Fig 7 4 is used Find Operand Fig 7 4 Operands info displays information about all operands used in the current program Dell All commentary Alt Del the command deletes all commentaries in the current programs Go To Step the command executes a jump of the cursor within the current program by setting the step in the dialog box
204. ual Table 9 2 Cont Last of BOTH used before Torr such selection One of the two modes Work or Program will be established namely this one which is the The other Debug Force Force D eventually used before are of no significance for The examples below explain the above Table 9 2 a Work Program Force Debug b Work Force Force D Work c Program Force Work Program d Program WORK Force D Debug e Work Debug PROGRAM Force D f Program Debug WORK Debug g Work PROGRAM Force Debug IMPORTANT NOTE Torr WORK PROGRAM DEBUG Force Force Force D Force D WORK PROGRAM DEBUG WORK PROGRAM WORK PROGRAM After the restoration of the PLC power supply the KID Neuro PLC conducts the following tests a The validity of the program s Cyclic Redundancy Check b The validity of the PLC Mode of Operation c The RAM Rom and operational capability If the result of one of the above tests is not OK then the PLC is set to PROGRAM mode of operation KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 15
205. ules and useful recommendations will be outlined only The basic debug process normally includes the following procedures Monitoring Interpretation Assessment Debug if necessary 9 2 THEX Y RV LOGBOOK A great number of operands besides many functional blocks functions and mathematics are involved in a logic program 128 X inputs 128 Y inputs 256 R relays 512 V cells 1024 operands altogether Some of the V cells have special designation for instance see Table 5 11 and subsection 9 3 4 even some bits of certain V cell have special designation refer to Table 6 3 and Table 6 4 Therefore it is strongly recommended before starting to design a program to prepare separate sheets for X Y R V operands number of operand and its designation If this was not done DO IT NOW It will save you time will cut drastically the errors during design and will be of great help during debug procedures 9 3 DOWNLOADING OF USER PROGRAMS TO PLC Before reading this subsection the user may recollect the downloading subjects already discussed in subsections 6 4 2 and 8 6 The programs generated to serve the process control have been discussed already in Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 These programs are referred to as User Programs KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 9 1 The specialized comparatively short programs dealing with limited number of operands see also subsection 8 6 are referred to as Fast Programs Under Interrupt or sim
206. urrent value is incremented by 1 after each 100 ms When the current value becomes equal to the set value Y 1 is set to a logic 1 This state is preserved while X121 A logic 0 at X1 resets the current value and the output Y1 AN Attention The timer set value Set Point must be larger than the current value Timer variable Otherwise the current value is automatically set as equal to the set value and the TIMER block is disabled N Attention The MCR functional block has no effect on the operation of the timer KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 17 Standard applications 1 Timer ON by X1 Enable Base 100ms Set 20 Reset Fig 6 19 2 Timer OFF by X1 Enable Set V3 10 0 Reset Fig 6 20 3 Pulse generator at the output Y2 with pulse duration equal to one controller cycle and time interval between the pulses equal to 500ms Fig 6 21 Y 6 18 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual Enable Set 50 Reset Fig 6 21 Controller i i i i 1 2 511 521 53 103 104 105 t Rug E 2 Logic 1 oW 7 Be i Reset Logic O Input a E SENE t SetPoint5O cum d i o i i Timer i Variable l l t 1911 i iI2ndi Eq cn 1 1 Output l s a t Pulse duration Pulse equal to one i Time controller cycle Interval l 500ms
207. ut to a logic 1 In this case the values which are stored in the cells allocated for the result of the division should be interpreted as being improper Entering Select the Arithmetic button from Kidbar F9 key Select DIVIDE from the pull down menu A dialog box is displayed on the screen Fig 6 53 which contains the following fields 01 the dividend an integer operand 2 the divisor an integer operand result an integer operand It also contains fields for the initial values of the corresponding V cells 6 44 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 02 54 2 Result 03 c v5 Y Cancel Fig 6 53 In case any of the two integer operands O1 or O2 is a constant the respective value is typed in using the numeric keys In case any of the integer operands O1 or O2 is a V cell the respective initial value of this variable is entered into the value field The internal variable is initiated with this value during the loading of the user program into the KID Neuro PLC It is recommended to use internal variables V300 to V400 Example 6 11 Generate a circuitry containing a DIVIDE functional block in order to provide the division of the content of V2 V3 cells initial value for example 54 by the content of V 4 cell initial value for example 2 The result to be stored in the two consecutive V cells namely V5 and V6 The input control circuit as well as the output of the function
208. variables V300 to 400 as they are stored in a nonvolatile memory see Item 5 3 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 23 Example 6 3 Counter YI Count Up Down Set V1 50 Reset Var V2 0 x2 x3 Fig 6 27 The input circuits of the block are generated as described in Item 6 2 The Counter dialog box must be filled in as shown in Fig 6 28 Set Point v1 Cancel Fig 6 28 The X1 contact counter input changes the current value by an unit at each transition from a logic 0 to a logic 1 refer also to Fig 6 26 The X2 contact up down control input determines the counter mode direct counter at X2 0 and reverse counter at X2 1 The X3 counter reset enables the block operation The counter is enabled at X3 1 The V1 operand stores the set value of the counter and V2 contains the current value as changed during the counter operation The Y1 output is sett o a logic 1 at X3 1 and the current value equal to the set value at X2 0 or equal to 0 at X2 1 refer also to Fig 6 26 Attention The set value Set Point must be larger than the current value CVar otherwise the current value is automatically set equal to the set target value A Attention The MCR functional block does not have an effect on the counter operation 6 24 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 3 3 COMPARE functional block checks for the equal to or larger than relative state of the c
209. vice versa from View Control Panel s to PLC The data are transmitted by a block V cells of the PLC or received by a block V cells of the PLC A block of V cells means a number of maximum up to 40 consecutive V cells One PLC can be connected maximum to 4 arbitrary View Control Panels There are two types of View Control Panels namely KID View Control Panel Graphical Module Alpha Control Panel Alphanumeric Module In order to enter the settings into the View Control Panel Settings Table Fig 7 13 proceed as follows Click the first line View Control Panel Number and enter by keyboard say Number 2 Click VStart from PLC and enter say V14 Click Count and enter say 6 this means that the block of V cells are V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 and V19 Click VStart to PLC and enter say V2 Click Count and enter say 3 this means that the block of V cells is V2 V3 and V4 Further proceed in the same way for View Control Panels Numbers 3 4 and 7 The result is shown in Fig 7 15 7 12 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual View Control Panel Settings View Control gt jul lt gt 9 Panel Number 0M PLC To PLC Cancel iar Count Var Count Number via 6 2 3 Number3 V450 2 452 2 Numbera vasa a vase i Number vaso y 8 Fig 7 15 After the table is completed click OK to save the settings into the PLC The table can be recalled by th
210. ween 3 to 10 ms Depends on the volume of the user program Timer Reverse counter Comparison Move Block move Addition Subtraction Multiplication Division Bit shift Drum counter Approximation The number of these functional blocks is limited by the number of V cells accessible to the user Mathematical functions PID controllers Up to 8 5 5 SEQUENTIAL LOGIC COMMANDS 5 5 1 Ladder Logic Commands The commands used to enter ladder logic indicate the way in which the contacts and the coils are connected into circuits or the manner in which separate circuits are connected Logic operands are used to represent both the contacts and the coils Table 5 4 Command Action Load Inserts a contact at the beginning of a simple circuit And Connects a contact in series to a circuit logic AND Or Connects a contact in parallel to a circuit logic OR KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 5 3 Table 5 4 Cont Serial Connects two circuits in series logic AND Parallel Connects two circuits in parallel logic OR Coil Connects coil to a circuit store result MCR Master Communication Relay The MCR MCREND Serial Parallel Load1 and NLoad1 commands have no operands The other commands have a single operand each 5 5 2 Functi
211. window appears as shown in Fig 6 32 6 26 KID Neuro PLC User s Manual X 01 02 m rjv a K n Cms UT Step 4 in 76 in O1 window Type in V312 in O2 window Type in the value 9 underneath O2 window Click T button to select gt mode Click OK button to enter the operands Now you have completed the circuit shown in Fig 6 31 A Attention The MCR functional block does not have an effect on the type of comparison 6 3 4 MOVE The MOVE functional block moves constant or the content of a V cell into the content of another V cell 16 successive logic operands X or Y R into the content of a V cell the content of a V cell into 16 successive integer operands Y or R Representation Move Qut O1 into 02 Fig 6 33 n control input 01 an integer operand V cell within the range from V1 to V512 a constant within the range from 32768 to 32767 or a logic operand digital input X digital output Y or an internal relay R with a number which is equal to a multiple of 16 plus 1 1 17 33 etc KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 27 O2 aninteger operand V cell within the range from V1 to V512 or a logic operand digital output Y or an internal relay R with a number which is equal to a multiple of 16 plus 1 1 17 33 etc Out block output Characteristics The number of MOVE functional blocks is limited only by the
212. ximation operation KID Neuro PLC User s Manual 6 55 Entering Click the F Block button on Kidbar Click APPROX from the pull down menu a dialog box is displayed on the screen Fig 6 67 which is used to enter the block data aT Input Dutput Point YPoint Fig 6 67 The number of the 0 points determining the intervals for approximation is entered into the Count field The V cell used as a function input i e the input V cell is entered into the Input field This entry automatically reserves the next N more successive V cells for entry of the corresponding table X values integers from 32768 up to 32767 These N successive V cells appear in the box under the XPoint field all of the sells set to 0 The V cell used as function output is entered into the Output field This entry automatically reserves the next the next N more successive V cells for entry of the corresponding table Y values integers from 32768 up to 32767 These N successive V cells appear in the box under the YPoint field all of the sells set to 0 The entry of the values of the corresponding X coordinates into the relevant X V cells is executed in the following way first X V cell out of N is called by the mouse the XPoint field The entry of the X value is typed in second X V cell out of N is called next by the mouse in the XPoint field T

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