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MICRO SAINT SHARP User Guide

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1. 280 while statements 245 width in Animator functions 283 window components event queue 35 m 374 line debugger window 38 174 output window 37 overview 0222 eee eee 31 properties window 35 Sections window 34 status bar 39 task network 0 34 task network palette 37 tile bar 32 toolbar i ot ox Lect osos 33 tree view 02222 00s 36 watches window 38 windows Animator lusus 212 auto hide mode 45 changing active 47 CIOSING 4 8 Lear AR era 47 disabling auto hide mode 46 displaying in auto hide mode 46 docking se sees 42 Document 40 hidingi iiu eee e cede 44 line debugger 38 174 making dockable 41 making floating 40 manipulating ssluess 40 MOVING osse at pad 46 redisplaying 0005 44 FESIZING Sheer oe Th sb wb 47 WOO ees te e aeo o ee ek ee arto 40 X X coordinate Animator functions 282 Y Y Axis tab charts 204 Y coordinate Animator functions 282 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index m Z zooming the network diagram 77 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 375 m m Ind
2. 290 Movelmage sssss 290 MovelmageDown 290 MovelmageToBottom 291 MovelmageToPoints 291 MovelmageToTop 292 MovelmageToWayPoints 292 MovelmageUp 291 ObjectlD parameter 281 Placelmage s 292 PointList parameter 282 RemoveComment 293 RemoveComments 293 m 358 Removelmage 293 Removelmages 293 rft parameter annuun 283 RotateFliplmage 294 Rotatelmage 294 Scalelmage 294 SetBackground 295 SetBottomImageText 295 SetCommentText 295 SetToplmageText 295 ShowComment 296 ShowComments 296 Showlmage 296 Showlmages 297 StartID parameter 282 text parameter 283 TypelD parameter 281 WaypointID parameter 281 WayPointIDList parameter 283 width parameter 283 X parameter 282 Y parameter 282 appearance group icon 0 eee ee eee 98 network icon 93 task icon uuss 112 Appearance and Notes tab comments 4 155 tasks 5 9 ese n i Ei 112 arbitrary var
3. 02 0 2000005 39 step charts 00 5 197 stepping through model execution 176 Stop array function 263 Stop function 262 stopping model execution 176 string variables 118 style groups 203 AGAR TANG NAO NG BIDA NA 98 network comments 155 network icon aaa 93 task Icon s VERUS 112 surface charts 00 5 198 Suspend array function 264 Suspend function 263 switch statements 247 syntax errors a 172 system variables 121 Animator a 122 CIOCK hm eSI 121 Distributions 121 Entity naanakan LOBE hoes 121 Model 22 05 122 m 372 T tab groups displaying 005 42 Document windows 42 tabu search lusus 343 tactical decision type 108 tag attribute 0000 128 Tan function 272 Tanh function 272 task data collection enabling in execution settings 162 enabling in tasks 101 task data files exporting XX maa 63 information nunna 180 task network comments adding ateh ete etos M 152 Appearance and Notes tab 155 Colon 2 soo fee EIE naa Ba 155 deleting 00 eee 156 displaying descriptions
4. 288 Gamma sssssn 276 Geometric 4 276 Getlmage sss 288 GetWayPoint 288 Halt us ee ee HAN 257 HideComment 289 HideComments 289 Hidelmage 0005 289 Hidelmages 289 IEEERemainder 269 in expressions 234 InverseGaussian 276 Kills 5 5 52i a key edd phe 257 LOG aa DE 269 LOTU naaa Pambahay pest 269 Loglstle e oc etes ces 277 LogLogistic 277 Lognormal 0005 277 Matias mpg aaa aadd 265 AG 270 Message aaa 258 Minoa Cnr ot alee NG Pak ae uo f 270 model 3 ee phe APA 253 MoveComment 290 Movelmage 0005 290 MovelmageDown 290 MovelmageToBottom 291 MovelmageToPoints 291 MovelmageToTop 292 MovelmageToWayPoints 292 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 MovelmageUp 291 name restrictions 133 NegativeBinomial 278 Normal s esses 278 Overview ua 131 Parameters tab 137 Pareto oeste uL etes 278 Pause NA Le SE 258 PearsonType5 279 PearsonType6 279 Placelmage 2 002 0 ee 292 Poisson 2 0200020e 279 POW i sisi Set be eeu 270 PrintOutput 259 Properti
5. 128 Timing tab 0 022 104 Tool windows defined ose eee 40 tab groups 1 s I Peto cakes 42 toolbar buttons adding custom 54 adding default 53 removing custom 56 toolbars adding custom buttons 54 adding new s usus 50 background color 57 Chants 6 mana Aha hk ue ME 199 customizing 005 47 customizing buttons 51 displaying 0 eee 49 flyover text a 33 font setting 02005 57 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index m foreground color 57 look and feel 57 moving sections 48 Overview a 33 removing 0 eee 49 removing custom buttons 56 removing default buttons 53 resetting configuration 56 ToString function 264 trace data files clearing output 167 information in 0005 180 saving results 167 saving to clipboard 168 viewing see 166 tree view window expanding items 36 Overview onnan eee ee ees 36 triangular distribution 312 Triangular function 280 trigger ID 21 liis 148 trigger type 22000 147 TriggerSnapshot function 264 type attribute 128 TypelD in Ani
6. 005 325 objects to Animator display 216 objects to the network diagram 71 scenario events 141 snapshots 146 task network comments 152 TASKS esed pope te S 100 variables susus 116 watches 00 ee eee 129 way points 0000 223 adjustment operator 239 aligning objects on network diagram 73 angle in Animator functions 283 Animator Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 adding charts 222 adding comments 225 adding images to palette 218 adding objects 216 adding way points 223 angle eed nka 283 clearing background 221 CommentlD sss 282 copying display 228 deleting charts 222 deleting images from palette 218 deleting way points 224 developing 2 000 227 displaying 00ee 216 Duration 0 00 ee eee eee 282 editing comments 225 enabling edit mode 216 EridlD ieee e 282 executing cee eee ees 228 functions summary 226 height cr Aka 283 lEnumerable 281 Image ID 2 0 6 2 00s 281 Image IDs 0005 281 MON ci o eee eed Sie 215 ObjectlD cis em 281 overview of window 212 palette a 21
7. 1 MICRO SAINT SHARP User Guide for Windows Version 1 0 cam Micro Analysis amp Design COPYRIGHT O 2003 Micro Analysis and Design Inc All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced transmitted transcribed stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer language in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying manual or otherwise in whole or in part without the prior written permission of Micro Analysis amp Design Inc TRADEMARKS Excel Notepad Windows Windows NT Windows 2000 Windows Me Windows XP and Windows Classic are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation OptQuest is a trademark of OptTek Systems Inc Chart FX is a registered trademark of Software FX Inc NET is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation GoLayout Win is a registered trademark of Northwoods Sentinel SuperPro is a registered trademark of Rainbow Technologies All other products and brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Printed in USA North America Micro Analysis and Design Inc 4949 Pearl East Circle Suite 300 Boulder CO 80301 USA Phone 303 442 6947 Fax 303 442 8274 Email sales maad com Website www maad com Europe Japan Adept Scientific plc UDI Urban Dynamics Institute Amor Way Tel 03 3479 5561 Letchworth Herts SG6 1ZA UK Fax 03 3479 5559 Tel 44 0 1462 480055 Web www udit co
8. 152 editing 2a esecpenerberentenen 156 overview ss esses 151 parameters 153 Style S stu uer UHR DENNIS 155 updating during execution 170 Variables to Display tab 154 task network diagram See network diagram task network palette overview eee 37 tools 1553s SMS s 71 tasks adding ere E A E 100 Appearance and Notes tab 112 beginning effect 103 changing icon appearance 112 departing effect 111 displaying descriptions 99 ending effect 103 entering effect for queue 111 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 launch effect 103 Main tab a 102 mean time 2 05 105 Overview oiean ee 99 parameters 100 Paths tab 000005 106 priority oi etree 4 scene 111 Queue tab suus 109 release condition 102 spinner aaun naaa aana 113 standard deviation 105 style of icon 0005 112 time distribution 105 Timing tab 00 104 text COPYING a e ices RE RC RES 81 Cuttirigi emere AR 81 deleting nunn 82 pasing xe seb ane a 82 replacing e eee eee 66 searching 0 cece eee 65 text in Animator functions 283 time distribution for tasks 105 time entity attribute
9. 180 trace data files 180 data editor displaying 00005 206 hiding ze Ese Rees 206 OVetvVIeW vheperstrwelsepbersi 206 Data tab execution settings 160 decision code 108 decision nodes decision code 108 default 0 0 cc eee eee 107 YPES bee Eee gnih athe PISA 107 decision types multiple coos sod oe eee 107 probabilistic 107 tactical 0 0 0 cee eee 108 decision variables adding beer Reuter tn 320 definition 008 317 deleting aaa 322 displaying a 320 COILING eie fut pina aa 321 decrement operator 238 default decision nodes 107 default window configuration 30 deleting CANS yt et Vee Pa ba han ces 188 constraints 324 decision variables 322 entity attributes 127 functions sss 138 networks ess less 94 objectives aa 327 Gbede Ghana BG Mere A 82 objects on network diagram 72 paths on network diagram 76 scenario events 144 snapshots aaa aaa ala 151 task network comments 156 LOX Ha xr Bee aa NANA NG GAB 82 variables suususn 121 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index m watches usus 130 way points ssssssses 224 departing effect fo
10. e Decision Type Contains the type of decision Following are the available types Multiple All of the following jobs with nonzero routing conditions begin execution simultaneously following execution of the current task When this happens the entity exiting the current task splits into multiple entities one for each following job The default decision type for a single path exiting a task is a Multiple decision type This just means that all paths are exiting the task Enity Tag 7 In multiple routing the entity splits into two entities with M the same Enity Tag value WE Enity Tag 7 Enity Tag 7 Probabilistic Only one of the following jobs executes next you supply the probability of each job executing next in its routing condition The probability that a particular job follows is equal to its probability value in the Decision Code field divided by the sum of the probability values of all possible following jobs For example if the probability value is 25 percent for job A you could enter 25 1 or 25 in the Decision Code for job A and enter 75 3 or 75 respectively for the Decision Code for job B Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 107 E B Tasks You can also enter an expression to define the probability such as return a b 1 36 6 Probability 3 4 75 Probability 1 4 25 a Tactical The job with the tactical expression that evaluates to the highest value executes next yo
11. 260 real variables 118 realtime mode 161 rectangular distribution 312 Rectangular function 280 redisplaying hidden windows 44 release condition 102 remainder division 238 RemoveComments function 293 Removelmage function 293 Removelmages function 293 removing custom toolbar buttons 56 default toolbar buttons 53 paths on network diagram 76 toolbats 4 es sees exceed ms 49 repeating interval 142 repeating snapshots 148 replacing text aaa 66 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 reserved names suuuuss 116 resetting default window configuration 30 toolbar configuration 56 resizing images in Animator displays 220 resizing windows Resume function 260 Resume array function 261 resuming model execution 175 Return Information tab functions 135 return statements 236 Rft in Animator functions 283 RotateFliplmage function 294 Rotatelmage function 294 Round function 270 running optimization 329 RunNumber function 261 S saving charts as image file 210 models nananana 62
12. Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Doughnut Charts Doughnut charts show the relationship of the parts to a whole but can contain more than one data series Each ring of the doughnut chart represents a data series Doughnut charts are useful to compare sectional values of a whole to each other and the whole Financial Charts Micro Saint Sharp provides the following financial charts W Open HiLowClose charts Generally used to display statistics of a security over a measured amount of time W Candlestick charts Generally used to display statistics of a security over a measured amount of time This type of chart consists of a series of boxes both open and closed with a small spike above and below the box Each box with its associated spikes typically represent one day week or month of trading m HiLowClose charts Generally used to display statistics of a security over a measured amount of time This is one of the most widely used types of charts in commodity futures trading It consists of a series of vertical lines with two horizontal lines on the left and right of each horizontal line Each vertical line can typically represent one day week or month of trading Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1938 B Variable Data Files Gantt Charts Gantt charts are horizontal bar charts that are best used to compare a set or series of values to the same scale or unit of comparison or over t
13. 1 Drag the window toward an edge of the Micro Saint Sharp window until you see a superimposed outline in the location you want The outline of the object you are dragging indicates the orientation it takes when released The position of the mouse pointer determines where the window is placed not the edges of the window 2 Release the mouse button Y Note To move a dockable window without snapping it into place press CTRL while dragging it to the location Displaying Tab Groups You can display tabbed Document and Tool windows adjacent to each other so that they can be viewed at the same time Both Document and Tool windows can be displayed as tab groups Tool windows can only be tabbed if they are not selected to be dockable H4 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B To display a tab group 1 Right click the title of any of the tabs in the Document window 2 Doone of the following To display the tab in a horizontal format select New Horizontal Tab Group from the menu that displays To display the tab in a vertical format select New Vertical Tab Group from the menu that displays The window rearranges to the selected format 3 Repeat the previous step for any of the other windows Tii Event Queue 4 b x Qi Task Network dbx y Auto Arrives 1 W Driver Selects a Booth 2 3T Note To restore the previous
14. 2 Open the Animator window From the Animator menu select Copy Animator Display The Animator display is copied and you can paste it into another application Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 10 Animator Bi Printing the Animator Display To print the Animator display 1 Open the Animator window 2 From the Animator menu select Print Animator Display The Print Preview window displays For details on the options in the window see Printing the Task Network Diagram on page 86 3 Click the Print button in the Print Preview window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 229M E Printing the Animator Display B 230 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Expressions A Micro Saint Sharp expression is a calculation formula function or statement that supplies a value or performs an operation You can use expressions to supply numeric values such as mean times or true false values such as release conditions You can also make changes in the state of a model such as beginning effects Y Note Expressions in Micro Saint Sharp use Microsoft C syntax For additional details on syntax consult Microsoft C documentation Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 231 B Elements in Expressions Elements in Expressions Each expression in Micro Saint Sharp must end with a semi colon Expressions can include the following elements constants variables functions comments commas return statements ar
15. 207 formatting legend box 208 Gana KEY RG es 194 General tab 200 graph series 187 hiding data editor 206 SA PRA 194 parameters 185 pareto ccc eens 195 359 m m Index pasting eee eee eee 209 8 et ee On a Maya gn a 195 printing oine rani eas eee a 210 Properties tab 185 pyramid 00 eee eee ee 196 radar 2 630043 honk Eo Re 196 saving as image file 210 SCalter ne acetate E aes 197 Series List tab 186 Series tab 0 202 Step croc eee eel N 197 surface o errea ah h ee eee 198 toolbar 199 tVDes aah ied S tees avs 189 Y AxiStab e ERIERRIES 204 checking logic errors 173 syntax errors 172 ClearBackground function 284 clearing output window 167 Clock variable aaan 121 closing windows ssssue 47 color event queue window 168 Group icon 98 network icon 0 93 taskK Icon irre ara eee Ng 112 ColorFilter function 284 commas in expressions 235 comment variables disabling update display 170 displaying updates 170 CommentlD in Animator functions 282 comments disabling during execution 171 See Animator comments See task network comments co
16. 93 normal distribution 309 Normal function 278 Notes tab scenario events 143 snapshots 150 number of runs 160 O object variables 118 ObjectID in Animator functions 281 objectives adding aa mna DRE s 325 definition 317 deleting aaa 327 displaying aa 325 CCIING AO 327 objects COPYING AA 81 cutting AA 81 deleting enr aaa 82 displaying properties in HTML 83 pastiN9 ni kaaga ers 82 opening existing models 61 models from previous versions 62 operators adjustment 239 arithmetic 237 assignment 239 logical 5 5 AA 240 optimization defined 348 options for OptQuest 327 OptQuest adding constraints 322 adding decision variables 320 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 adding objectives 325 checking for errors 329 classical methods 339 constraints naaa uaaa 322 decision variables 317 319 deleting constraints 324 deleting decision variables 322 deleting objectives 327 displaying constraints 322 displaying decision variables 320 displaying objectives 325 editing constraints 323
17. Adding Images to the Animator Palette Before you can add images to the Animator display you must first add them to the Animator palette To add images to the Animator palette 1 From the Animator menu select Add Image to Animator Palette You can alternatively right click in the Animator Palette and select Add Image from the menu that displays The Add Image dialog box displays 2 Navigate to the location containing the image and select the image 3 Click Open The image is loaded into the Animator palette Images are saved with the model Deleting Images from the Animator Palette You can delete an image from the Animator palette when you no longer need it If you delete an image from the palette that is in the Animator display the image is also removed from the Animator display To delete an image from the Animator palette 1 Inthe Animator palette select the image A green box displays around an item when it is selected Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 10 Animator Bi 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the image in the Animator display and select Delete Object from the menu that displays Adding Images to the Animator Display To add an image to the Animator display l 2 Click the Animator palette Select the image you want to add When you select an item a green box displays around the item Click the left mouse button and while pressing t
18. Description 5 Inthe Categories box select the menu containing the command to add to the toolbar 6 Inthe Commands box select the command and drag it out of the dialog box to the corresponding toolbar on the Micro Saint Sharp toolbar The button displays on the toolbar Flyover text describing the command is automatically associated with the button 4 Note To include the Add or Remove buttons and Customize command on a toolbar click the Toolbars tab select the toolbar name and then select the Customize button 7 Click OK to close the Customize Toolbars dialog box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 55H E Customizing the Micro Saint Sharp Toolbar B 56 Removing Custom Toolbar Buttons You can remove any of the custom toolbar buttons that you added To remove custom toolbar buttons 1 Click the down facing arrow to the right of any toolbar section The flyover text Toolbar Options displays Click Add or Remove buttons Click Customize The Customize Toolbars dialog box displays Click the Commands tab The list of Micro Saint Sharp menus displays on the left side of the tab in the Categories box When you select a menu the associated commands display on the right in the Commands box On the toolbar drag the button to the Commands box The button is removed from the toolbar Click OK to close the Customize Toolbars dialog box Resetting the Toolbar Configuration You ca
19. Displaying Comment Descriptions To display a comment description Double click the comment on the Animator display The Comment Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the comment displays Adding Comments To add a comment 1 From the Animator palette drag the Comment icon to the correct place on the network diagram 2 Double click the comment box The Comment dialog box displays 3 Enter the comment parameters For details on Comment tabs and parameters see Comment Parameters on page 153 Editing Comments To edit a comment 1 Double click the comment in the Animator display The Comment Description dialog box displays in the Animator window and the Properties window for the comment also displays 2 Make your changes in the Comment dialog box or Properties window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 225m E Using Animator Functions Deleting Comments To delete a comment 1 Onthe Animator display select the Comment box 2 Press the Del key You can alternatively right click the comment in the Animator display and select Delete Object from the menu that displays The comment is removed Using Animator Functions Micro Saint Sharp provides a wide variety of Animator functions that you can use to control the animation You enter these functions in the Task Description dialog boxes in the task network A task description contains beginni
20. Object variables are variables that accept all types of values from string to integer to floating point These types of variables are mainly used with the Suspend and Resume functions that require a value of both a string and an integer For example if you wanted to Suspend task 3 with tag 3 then the Suspend function would require an array that holds both a string for the task ID and an integer for the task tag An object array would allow for this Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Arbitrary variables are variables that are of types not included in this list Only advanced modelers should use this type of variable Initial Value Contains the initial value for the variable If the variable is an array the initial value applies to all elements You can also supply an initial value for a non array variable or an element of an array by defining a scenario event that executes at time zero Defining an initial value this way is equivalent to defining it in the Initial Value field If you set the values in the Event Queue you can make the value of the variables change at different times for example staffing shift changes IsArray Indicates whether the variable is an array An array is an ordered set of values or elements identified by a single name Each array element is referred to by the array s name and the element s position in the array The position is indicated by a set of index value
21. fu ee AY Re a Scheme E Solid Effect Dark x Color nd Color nd Alternate Style je Pattern Eee Weight OK Cancel Apply Following are detailed descriptions of the Series chart parameters Gallery Controls the type of chart used for the data series In cases where you have multiple series you can use different types of displays for each series on the same chart Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Point Labels Controls whether the values display on the chart for each data point You can also access this option by right clicking anywhere in the chart and selecting Point Labels from the menu that displays Scheme Controls the pattern used for the series such as solid or gradient Color Controls the color scheme for the series Alternate Controls the color used for the pattern and gradient schemes Pattern Controls the pattern used for the pattern schemes Gap Width Controls the width between bars for bar charts e Square cylinder cone Controls whether bar markers for a series display as squares cylinders or cones Border Controls whether borders enclose all data series in the chart Effect Controls the border effect for a series such as raised light or shadowed Color Controls the color of the border lines for a series Micro Saint Shar
22. 2 Inthe tree view double click the event name to open the Scenario Events Description dialog box 3 Enter the parameters defining the event Parameters are described in the following section Scenario Event Parameters Scenario Event parameters are included in two tabs the Properties tab and the Notes tab The Scenario Event name displays at the top of each tab You can change the name from the default Event names must begin with a letter or underscore and can be followed by zero or more letters numbers and underscore characters Spaces are not allowed Event names are case sensitive Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 141M B Scenario Events E 142 Properties Tab The Properties tab contains start time for the event whether the event is repeating the stop time for the event and the expressions defining the scheduled event G Task Network DI ScenarioEventi abx Name ScenarioE vent Properties Notes l Repeating Interval 10 Start Time 0 Repeating O Stop Stop Time 20 Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Properties tab Repeating Interval Specifies the time interval at which an event should repeat Start Time Contains the time for the event to occur Repeating check box Indicates whether the event should repeat Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Stop check box Indicates that a repea
23. 259 RandomSeed 260 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index m Resume sss 260 Resume array 261 RunNumber 261 SendExternalVariable 261 Start Losses eh ehh bees 262 SOPA ot Ada LG CG 262 Stop array 0 eee 263 Suspend aa 263 Suspend array 264 ToString LAS ERR Ex 264 TriggerSnapshot 264 WallClock sseesuuse 265 Model variable 122 models creating iu cli eek GLAND 60 exporting information 63 opening existing 61 opening from previous versions 62 SAVING Had ka ee a ee eR 62 MoveComment function 290 Movelmage function 290 MovelmageDown function 290 MovelmageToBottom function 291 MovelmageToPoints function 291 MovelmageToTop function 292 MovelmageToWayPoints function 292 MovelmageUp function 291 moving objects on network diagram 73 toolbar sections 48 WINdOWS ened ee eee 46 multiple decision type 107 multiple entities 113 N naming restrictions FUNCIONS 22 coy mE REESE 133 scenario events 141 snapshots 146 variables a 116 367 m m Index watches 129 negative binomial distribution 309 NegativeB
24. Seed Random number seed used to run a model The random number seed generates a set of random numbers that are used to calculate task execution times and probabilistic paths taken through the network The random number seed can be set in the Execution dialog box For multiple runs of a model Model RandomSeed contains the random seed used to generate the particular run Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 3558 B Glossary E 356 Snapshot An option that records the values of specified variables at particular points during model execution for example when a task starts or ends when an entity enters or leaves a queue at the end of a run or at specific clock times When you run a model with snapshots turned On the values are recorded in a results document that you can use to generate graphs and statistics Spinner Task A task with a path that goes back to itself Spinner tasks are used to generate multiple entities to travel through the network Subnetwork A network that is inside another network In a model all networks are subnetworks except for the top network level 1 You can create a subnetwork by clicking on your network diagram with the Network tool then selecting the subnetwork with the pointer and opening its diagram You draw the subnetwork diagram in the same way as you draw the main network diagram Task The basic building blocks of a model A task is defined by timing information execution constraint
25. key 1 Tag val 0 3 and val 1 12 then Model Suspend key val suspends any entities with a group value of 3 and a tag value of 12 If key 0 Group key 1 ID val 0 3 and val 1 12 then Model Suspend key val suspends any entities with a group value of 3 in task ID 12 To String Syntax ToString Description Converts a value to a string Example Model ToString Trigger Snapshot Syntax Description Example TriggerSnapshot snapshot ID This function executes the snapshot with the indicated ID string value The function returns true if the snapshot was executed and returns false if the snapshot was not executed This function is an alternate way to make snapshots occur if the default triggers do not fulfill your needs Model TriggerSnapshot Snapl Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Wall Clock Syntax WallClock type Description Returns the number of seconds or minutes since the program started running Use the value 0 for seconds and use the value 1 for minutes Example Model WallClock 1 returns the number of minutes since the model started running Math Functions Mathematical functions are specific to mathematical operations such as minimum maximum and trigonometric functions All Math functions start with the word Math followed by a period and then followed by the function name such as Math Cos v N
26. on page 153 Deleting Comments To delete a comment 1 2 E 156 On the task network diagram select the Comment box Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the comment in the tree view and select Delete Comment from the menu that displays The comment is deleted Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Bg 8 Running the Model Once you have created a model and defined the model parameters you are ready to run the model Several settings control model execution You can set the number of runs for the model set the random seed indicate the start ID control the type of output for snapshot files enable Line by Line debugging enable data collection set the execution speed factor and enter initialization code and compiler instructions Execution options allow you to you start resume pause or halt model execution step through model execution one event at a time and change the speed of execution Other options include updating the event queue charts and Comment variables to display during model execution and showing network animation This chapter also contains a discussion of potential sources of errors in logic and syntax and describes how to use the syntax checker provided by Micro Saint Sharp Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 157 B Displaying Execution Settings Displaying Execution Settings Execution Settings are contained in three tabs and control the number of r
27. Chapter 11 Expressions E While Statements The while statement executes a block of statements repeatedly until a specified expression evaluates to false While statements use the following format while expression to evaluate expressions to execute For example in the following statements as long as the value of x is less than 10 the value 1 is added to x while x 10 X When a while statement is executed Micro Saint Sharp first checks whether the expression to evaluate is true if so it executes the following expression Then it checks the initial expression again if it is still true Micro Saint Sharp executes following expression again This process continues until the initial expression becomes false When Micro Saint Sharp determines the initial expression is false it does not execute the following expression again The initial expression should always be one that eventually becomes false otherwise you have an infinite loop that does not stop processing Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 245m B For Loops For Loops E 246 The for loop executes a block of statements repeatedly until a specified expression evaluates to false A for loop is similar to a while statement but iterates a set number of times The for loop is useful when you know how many times a loop needs to be executed For loops use the following format for initializer condition iterator value expressions t
28. Flat Frame W Anti Aliasing j Series Y Axis r Colors r 3D Palette TITIT LE Botated view Background 0 T Cluster Z axis Chart box MM Y m Effects OK Cancel Apply Following are detailed descriptions of the General chart parameters Palette Controls the range of colors for all elements in the chart area Background Controls the background color for the chart You can also access this option by right clicking anywhere in the chart and selecting Color from the menu that displays Chart box Controls the color for the inside charting area of the chart including the back wall of the 3D charts Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Stacked Controls how charts are stacked when you have more than one data series in a diagram You can stack charts side by side on top of each other or on top of each other and scaled to 100 Axes Controls the style of the axes Options are none no lines 3D Frame chart has a grey and white line border so that it looks like 3D Math single line for x and y axis and Flat Frame chart has a single line border Anti Aliasing Controls whether anti aliasing is used Anti aliasing smooths stairsteps to soften jagged edges 3D Controls whether the chart display is 3D or 2D Rotated view Controls whether the view of the graph is rotated If you select this check
29. Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1618 B Editing Execution Settings Enable Task Information Collection Controls whether task information is collected select the check box to enable task information Task information includes a record of how long each task requires to execute You must also mark each task individually for task data collection in the Main tab in the Task Description dialog box see Main Tab on page 102 by default Micro Saint Sharp marks each task for data collection The following information is collected Task number Task name Minimum task time Maximum task time Mean task time Standard deviation calculated using the nonbiased or n 1 method Number of times the task was performed task hits Enable Queue Information Collection Controls whether queue information is collected select the check box to enable queue information collection You must also mark each task individually for queue data collection in the Queue tab in the Task Description dialog box see Queue Tab on page 109 by default Micro Saint Sharp marks each queue for data collection Queue information includes the following variables collected each time a queue is encountered Clock Entity Tag Run Length Wait i 162 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model E e Enable Snapshots Controls whether Micro Saint Sharp stores values of specified vari
30. 0 Is Array O Dimensions Show In Event Queue O Use in Comparison Function C Notes iz Following are descriptions of the entity attribute parameters For more details see Variable Parameters on page 117 Name Contains the name of the entity attribute Type Contains the entity attribute type Initial Value Contains the initial value for the variable Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1258 B Entity Attributes E 126 IsArray Indicates whether the variable is an array Dimensions Contains the indices for the dimensions for an array Show in Event Queue Controls whether the entity displays in the event queue Use in Comparison Function Controls whether Micro Saint Sharp compares entity attributes for equivalence In some cases you may want to merge multiple entities back together at a task By default any entities that have the same Entity Group Entity Tag andEntity ID values are rejoined If you select this parameter Micro Saint Sharp also compares the entity attribute for equivalence Notes Contains a description of the entity Entering notes is optional but notes can be useful for future reference Editing Entity Attributes To edit an entity attribute 1 In the tree view click the Entity Attributes node to expand it and then double click the entity to edit You can alternatively right click the entity in the tree view and select Edit Ent
31. 1 From the View menu select Windows and then select Output The Output window displays 2 From the Execution menu select Check for Errors Any errors that are detected display in the Output window 3 To open the dialog box where the error occurs double click the error Vv Note The syntax checker does not check for logic errors Micro Saint Sharp generally indicates the nature of the problem in the error message such as unrecognized word for a misspelled or undeclared variable or function or semicolon expected at end for a missing semi colon Common problems include typographical errors in an expression omitting a semi colon forgetting to define a variable or using the wrong case for a variable name Because Micro Saint Sharp distinguishes between upper and lower case letters name NAME and Name are considered to be different and unique variables Checking for Logic Errors Micro Saint Sharp displays error messages for some of the more common logic errors such as an array index that is out of bounds or division by zero Micro Saint Sharp has several different built in tools that you can use to help you find where the logic errors are in a model W Watches and Event Queue windows If you leave these windows open as a model executes you can watch the variables change in value and view the events as they occur Change the execution speed to a slower speed if the model executes too quickly for you to observe
32. Createlmage object imageTypelID float x float y creates an image in the Animator display assigns the image an ID places the image at the specified x y coordinates and returns the assigned image ID value Animator CreateImage 2 3 10 20 creates an image in the Animator display using the image in the palette with an ID of 2 assigns the image an ID of 3 and places the image at the coordinates 10 20 X Animator CreateImage 2 10 20 creates an image in the Animator display using the image in the palette with an ID of 2 and places the image at the coordinates 10 20 x will be equal to the created image s new ID value Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B CreateImageAtWayPoint Syntax CreateImageAtWayPoint object imageTypeID object objectID object wayPointID CreateImageAtWayPoint object imageTypeID object wayPointID Description Creates an image in the Animator display using the images in the Animator palette CreateImageAtWayPoint object imageTypeID object objectID object wayPointID creates an image in the Animator display assigns the image an ID and places the image at the specified way point CreateImageAtWayPoint object imageTypeID object wayPointID creates an image in the Animator display and places the image at the specified way point Example Animator CreateImage 2 3 4 creates an image in the Animator display using the image in th
33. For details on return statements see Return Statements on page 236 Ending Effect Contains expressions indicating what happens when the task finishes execution Launch Effect The launch effect is used to execute expressions that cause Animator events Animator is an optional add on component The launch effect is similar to a beginning effect except that it 1s evaluated after the Entity Duration is calculated The launch effect occurs only once Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1038 B Tasks E 104 Micro Saint Sharp evaluates task expressions in the following order Release condition Beginning effect Launch effect Ending effect When you define the task expressions for a model keep in mind that each expression can affect the expressions that come after it in the evaluation order For example if the mean time expression changes the value of a variable and that variable is used in the launch effect the launch effect uses the changed value Timing Tab The Task Timing tab contains the probability distribution used for the execution times When you select a time distribution for a task Micro Saint Sharp uses the distribution to generate random execution times that occur in the pattern predicted by the distribution The Task Timing tab additionally contains the parameters used to calculate the distribution These vary depending on the type of distribution a Task network i OD 4bx Name
34. How you select an item to edit depends on whether the item is a text string or an object on the network diagram To select a text string First open the Description dialog box for the network diagram object containing the text string Then do one of the following W To select a string of text click with the mouse and drag the mouse through the text W To select a word double click the word To select a network object B Click the item once with the left mouse button A box displays around the object to show it is selected Paths leading out of the object are highlighted in red and paths leading into the object are highlighted in blue When you select a path small triangles display at the beginning and endpoints of the paths small squares display outlining each line segment m To select multiple items on the network diagram click with the mouse and drag the mouse to create a box around the items You can alternatively press the Shift or Ctrl key and click the items with the mouse Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 6 Network Diagram B Copying Text and Objects The Copy command copies the selected text or object to the Windows clipboard Copying an object copies all of the object s properties Once the text or object is on the clipboard you can use the Paste command to insert it elsewhere in the model or into another application see Pasting Text and Objects on page 82 To copy text or an object 1 Sel
35. The chart is copied to the clipboard and can now be pasted Pasting Charts To paste a chart 1 Open the application in which you want to paste the chart 2 Switch to Micro Saint Sharp and copy the chart For details see Copying Charts in the previous procedure 3 Use the Paste command in the secondary application to paste the chart Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 209 E B Variable Data Files Printing Charts To print a chart 1 Display the chart For details see Adding Charts on page 184 From the File menu select Print Chart The chart is printed Saving Charts As an Image File To save a chart as an image file 1 E 210 Display the chart For details see Adding Charts on page 184 From the File menu select Save Chart as Image The Save As dialog box displays Select the folder where you want to save the chart and enter a name Click Save The chart is saved to the specified location Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 m 10 Animator Using the Animator feature you can build two dimensional image animation into a model As you run the model images appear move and disappear against a customized background representing the processes that occur in the model The Animator display can contain a background images that move across the background comments way points and charts Comments allow you to add text such as a heading or label to the display and additionally
36. To display defined scenario events In the tree view click the Scenario Events item to expand it A list of defined events displays in the tree view and in the Scenario Event window in the main Document window The Scenario Event window displays the event name the start time whether the event is repeating the repeating interval whether a repeating event should stop before the end of the simulation and the stop time and the expression describing the event Stop Time Code O Proc ssem 1 DispAssem 1 Displaying Scenario Event Descriptions To display a scenario event description 1 2 E 140 In the tree view click the Scenario Events item to expand it Double click the event name You can alternatively right click the event in the tree view and select Edit Scenario Event from the menu that displays The Scenario Event Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the event displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Adding Scenario Events To add a scenario event l Inthe tree view right click the Scenario Events node or any existing event and select Add Scenario Event from the menu that displays The scenario event is added to the list of events in the tree view and the Scenario Events Properties window displays The event is assigned the name ScenarioEventN where N is the next available integer
37. each other Images with a higher Z property are closer to the top Example Animator MoveImageUp 2 moves image 2 up one layer MoveImageToBottom Syntax MovelmageToBottom object imageID Description Moves an image to the bottom of the view If two images are on top of each other the one on the bottom is covered Example Animator MoveImageToBottom 2 places the image with ID 2 on the bottom of any other image it passes over MovelmageToPoints Syntax Description Example MovelmageToWayPoints object imageID IEnumerable pointList float duration Moves an image along a series of specified coordinates Animator MovelmageToWayPoints 3 x Entity Duration moves the image with ID 3 through the list variable x containing a series of coordinates over the current entities duration Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 291 E B Animator Functions E 292 MoveImageToTop Syntax MovelmageToTop object imageID Description Moves an image to the top of the view If two images are on top of each other the one on top covers the one on bottom Example Animator MoveImageToTop 2 places the image with ID 2 on top of any other image it passes over MovelmageToWayPoints Syntax MovelmageToWayPoints object imageID IEnumerable wayPointIDList float duration Description Moves an image along a series of specified way points Example Animator MovelmageToWayPoints 3 x Entity Dura
38. editing decision variables 321 editing objectives 327 elements nunana 317 factors affecting performance 332 glossary aene eee eee 344 halting naaa n eee 329 interaction with Micro Saint Sharp 316 interpreting results 330 metaheuristics 340 methodology 05 339 objective aaa 317 objectives a 325 options 000 327 Overview sess ess 317 preparing the model 318 running optimization 329 scatter search 343 starting a 319 suggestions for using 331 tabu search 343 output constraint defined 348 output type 2005 161 output window cleaning ovS Sn 167 information 180 Overview aaan 37 saving results 167 saving results to clipboard 168 viewing simulation 166 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index m P palette Animator 20 5 213 task network a 37 panning the network diagram 78 Parameters tab functions 137 pareto charts 0 195 pareto distribution 310 Pareto function 278 pasting eg Ini c T 209 Objed are anei e IR be Gn 82 lext seus oL Wa ht tn COR OG eS 82 paths deleting lesse 76 displaying
39. enabled The values you collect can provide further validation that the model is operating correctly or can alert you to possible problems You can also set the collection of queue and task information data 10 Analyze the data You can export the trace of task task information queue information and snapshot data for analysis Additionally you can use the Chart tool in Micro Saint Sharp to generate twenty different types of charts for variable data As you analyze the data you will start to answer the questions you originally asked and you may discover more questions that lead you to further development of the model Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 m 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window Micro Saint Sharp uses a modified form of the MDI Multiple Document Interface made available by Microsoft NET Framework MDI provides a parent container window that contains several other different window panes This configuration allows you to reposition windows into logical working groups and to temporarily hide windows that you are not using The Micro Saint Sharp window is highly configurable and changes to the configuration are saved when you save a model Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 29 E Micro Saint Sharp Window Overview Micro Saint Sharp Window Overview E 30 The default configuration for the Micro Saint Sharp window consists of a container window with a title bar menu bar toolbar and status bar Within
40. files Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 63 E E Exporting Model Information To export Micro Saint Sharp results 1 In the Execution Settings dialog box select the Output type for the snapshot files see Editing Execution Settings on page 159 To create res files ASCII text files select Tab Delimited To create xm1 files select XML For details on execution settings see Execution Setting Parameters on page 159 2 From the File menu select Export Results The Export results dialog box displays Export results x Results QueueD ataCollection xml Results T askD ataCollection xml Results tolldata res C Program Files4MAAD Micro Saint Sharp 3 Click the Set Export Directory button and select the location to store the results 4 Select the files you want to export Use Shift click or Ctrl click to select multiple files i 64 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 5 Basic Procedures B 5 Click OK The files are exported v Note Snapshot files can also automatically be exported after the simulation For details see the Snapshot Properties Tab on page 147 Searching for Text The Find command locates a string of text in the model You can search the entire model or selected components only tasks functions scenario events snapshots variables or entity variables To search for text 1 From the Edit menu select Find The Find Replace dial
41. ilBe O q das Step Simulation Ctrl T When you move the cursor over each button flyover text displays the command and the associated shortcut key if available You can customize the toolbar by moving the position of toolbar sections displaying or removing toolbar sections adding and removing default buttons adding new toolbar sections controlling whether buttons display as image text or image and text and adding additional buttons for commands to any of the sections For details see Customizing the Micro Saint Sharp Toolbar on page 47 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 33M E Micro Saint Sharp Window Components Sections Window Sections sx The Sections window contains a list of the 28 windows that you can display in Micro Saint Sharp Piu and is intended to be a shortcut to quickly open a D window Windows include the following Event Queue Line Debugger Output Palette Properties G Task Network Tree View and Watches Output Bd In the default configuration the Sections window pane displays as a tab docked on the left side of the Tree View Micro Saint Sharp window To display the KI Sections window Just move the cursor over the Event Queue Sections tab and the full window displays You can aga then select the window that you want to display Task Network Task Network Window The Task Network window displays the graphical depiction of the task network This is the window where you
42. more Modeling a decision problem in Micro Saint Sharp tells you what performance measures you can expect using a certain strategy A strategy can be defined as a certain set of values for the decision variables Other words for strategy include scenario and solution Note that solution refers to the decision variable values inputs to the simulation not the resulting values of the performance measures Suppose your goal was to find the best strategy without using OptQuest You would have to enter decision variable values for each strategy you were considering into Micro Saint Sharp and analyze the results Then you would have to repeat this process for every strategy you wanted to test Often it would not be clear how to adjust the decision variables from one simulation to the next This type of search is tedious and in problems with thousands or millions of potential alternatives impractical Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 315 B How OptQuest Interacts with Micro Saint Sharp OptQuest enhances Micro Saint Sharp by automatically searching for and finding optimal or near optimal solutions to simulation models Simulation models by themselves can only present a range of possible outcomes for any situation They do not tell you how to control the situation to achieve the best outcome OptQuest through a new optimization technique finds the right combination of variables that produces the best results possible If you use simulati
43. output window to clipboard 168 output window to file 167 trace data files 167 trace data files to clipboard 168 Scalelmage function 294 scatter charts 0 197 scatter search 343 scenario events adding eter retinens mans 141 COGO eor uL MIU XML C LE 143 color in event queue window 168 deleting oe csser erii 144 disabling update during execution 169 displaying defined 140 displaying descriptions 140 editing eee esce 144 naming restrictions 141 Notes tab 143 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index m OVErview ee 139 parameters 141 Properties tab 142 repeating interval 142 scoping variables 233 searching for text 65 Sections window overview 34 selecting text or items 80 SendExternalVariable function 261 sequence variable defined 349 series in charts 187 Series List tab charts 186 Series tab charts 202 SetBackground function 295 SetBottomlmageText function 295 SetCommentText function 295 SetToplmageText function 295 ShowComments function 296 Showlmage function
44. task descriptions 99 361m m Index task network comment descriptions 152 toolbars 0 a 49 updates to comment variables 170 variable descriptions 115 variables on task network diagram 152 windows in auto hide mode 46 Distance function 257 distribution functions Bernoulli a 273 Betas iei a NA ee ae a hee 274 Binomial 0 0 0 0 cee 274 DiscreteUniform 274 Exponential 275 ExtremeValueTypeA 275 ExtremeValueTypeB 275 Gamma 0 276 Geometric 276 InverseGaussian 276 IKoTe CA AA 277 LogLogistic os rroia aa 277 Lognormal ssssss 277 NegativeBinomial 278 Normal 22D Waka Gana kaba NG 278 OVerview a 272 Pareto nno Aa herd idk 278 PearsonType5 279 PearsonType6 279 PolsSOfl a aNG 279 Rectangular a 280 Triangular 0005 280 Weibull vill 280 Distributions variable 121 DivRem function 0 268 do statements 247 dockable windows 41 docking windows 42 Document windows defined iue seus ere bes 40 tab groups osse ts p tr 42 doubles variables 118 doughnut charts 193 drawing paths between tas
45. 0 Otherwise it is rounded down toward 0 Math Round 2 5 returns the value 2 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Sign Syntax Sign value Description Returns a value indicating the sign of the number If the value is less than zero 1 is returned If the value is equal to zero 0 is returned If the value is greater than zero a 1 is returned Example Math Sign 943839 returns the value 1 Sin Syntax Sin value Description Returns the sine of the angle you supply Enter the angle in radians To convert degrees to radians multiply by I1 180 Example Math Sin 1 2 returns the value 0 932039086 Sinh Syntax Sinh value Description Returns the hyperbolic sine of specified angle Enter the angle in radians To convert degrees to radians multiply by I1 180 Example Math Sinh 1 2 returns the value 1 50946136 Sqrt Syntax Sqrt value Description Returns the square root of the specified number Example Math Sqrt 4 returns the value 2 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 271m B Distribution Functions Tan Syntax Tan value Description Returns the tangent of the angle you supply Enter the angle in radians To convert degrees to radians multiply by H 180 Example Math Tan 1 2 returns the value 2 57215162 Tanh Syntax Tanh value Description Returns the hyperbolic tangent of the specified angle Enter the angle in radians To conve
46. 0 int 0 int 0 FloatingPoint 0 0 Distributions MAAD Simulator Utilities Dis 0 Down int 1 DriveLenath FloatingPoint Entity Entity FirstT eam int Gained FloatingPoint Model MAAD Simulator Model Passes int Displaying Variable Descriptions To display a variable description 1 In the tree view click the Variables item to expand it 2 Double click the variable name You can alternatively right click the variable in the tree view and select Edit Variable from the menu that displays The Variable Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the variable displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 115 E B Variables Adding Variables To add a variable 1 In the tree view right click the Variables node or any existing variable and select Add Variable from the menu that displays The Add Variable dialog box displays Add Variable x Please enter the name of the new variable 2 Type a variable name and click OK Variable names must begin with a letter or underscore and can be followed by zero or more letters numbers and underscore characters examples abc abc aa12 Variable names are case sensitive The OK button remains disabled if you enter an invalid name or the name of an already existing variable The C language reserves 76 words for its own use Do not use these keywords as variable names The keywords include the following
47. 1118 B Tasks Appearance and Notes Tab The Appearance and Notes tab contains the factors controlling the appearance of the task 1con and a section for notes regarding the task Ge Task Network i 0 4px S ltem ID fi M Style Node Shape RoundedRectangle m Background Colo Blanched amp lmond m Border Color NI Black X Test Color WE Black Font Type Aral Font Size 10 Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Appearance and Notes tab Style Contains the parameters controlling the physical appearance of the task icon on the network diagram For details on these items see Network Parameters on page 92 Notes Contains any notes about the task Entering notes is optional but notes can be useful for future reference i112 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Using Multiple Entities Generating Entities with Spinner Tasks A common way to generate multiple tags to travel through a network is to use a spinner task This task has two following tasks the next task task 2 and itself The decision type is Multiple so both paths are followed When task one finishes executing the current entity splits into two entities one of which goes on to the next task or to a queue preceding the task and one of which goes back to the beginning of task one By adding one to the value of Entity Tag as an endin
48. 2 The basic form or shape of a distribution within the general family of distributions of interest for more details see Overview of Probability Distributions on page 300 Bernoulli Syntax Bernoulli psuccess Description Returns a random integer from a Bernoulli distribution You supply the probability of success psuccess to define the distribution The value you supply for psuccess should be greater than or equal to zero and less than 1 Example Distributions Bernoulli 1 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 273m B Distribution Functions Beta Syntax Description Example Binomial Syntax Description Example Beta mean standard deviation Returns a random number from a Beta distribution You supply the mean and standard deviation to define the distribution Distributions Beta 4 1 Binomial ntrials psuccess Returns a random integer from a binomial distribution You supply the number of trials ntrials and the probability of success psuccess values to define the distribution The number returned represents the number of successes that occur during the trials this number can be any integer between and including zero and ntrials The value you supply for psuccess should be greater than or equal to zero and less than 1 Distributions Binomial 5 1 DiscreteUniform Syntax Description Example E 274 DiscreteUniform minimum maximum Returns a random
49. Creating a Network Diagram To create a network diagram 1 If the task network window does not currently display select Window from the View menu and then select Task Network A blank network diagram displays A new model is assigned the name Untitled saint until you save it with a new name Add the network components and draw the paths connecting the components For details see Adding Network Objects on page 71 in the following section and Drawing Paths on page 75 Open the Description dialog box or Properties window for each item and enter the defining parameters Parameters are described in Chapter 7 Model Components Working With Network Objects Network objects include the tasks networks comments and groups available on the tool palette For detailed descriptions of these objects see Chapter 7 Model Components m70 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 6 Network Diagram B Adding Network Objects You can add objects in two ways To add a network object using the task network palette l 2 Click the Task Network palette Select the item you want to add When you select an item a green box displays around the item Click the left mouse button and drag the item to the task network diagram while pressing the button Release the left mouse button The object displays on the network diagram Double click the object A dialog box displays in the network diagram
50. De ice a Reed Gt 315 How OptQuest Interacts with Micro Saint Sharp 316 Elements of an OptQuest Optimization Model 317 Overview of Using OptQuest 00 0 0 317 Preparing the Model er eR RARE ERES 318 Setting up the Optimization essee ereraa 319 Running the Optimization nrun r areare 329 Interpreting the Results 0 cece eee eee eee 330 Suggestions for Using OptQuest a 331 Factors that Affect Search Performance 00 e eee 332 OptQuest Methodology 0 0 cece eee 339 OptQuest Glossarye ws naaa Lakad pee PARIN Cae need ewe 344 Glossary 3 eS ke Eee Peat Ea PE Ba x 351 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Introduction Micro Saint Sharp is a discrete event network simulation software package for building models that simulate real life processes With Micro Saint Sharp models you can gain useful information about processes that might be too expensive or time consuming to test in the real world Some common application areas for Micro Saint Sharp include the following M Modeling manufacturing processes such as production lines to examine resource utilization efficiency and cost m Modeling transportation systems to examine issues such as scheduling and resource requirements Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1 B Micro Saint Sharp Features W Modeling service systems to optimize procedures staffing and other logistical con
51. Edition Windows 2000 Windows Millennium Edition Windows Me and Windows 98 Operating systems must support the NET Framework 1 1 The NET Framework 1 1 Redistributable cannot be installed on 64 bit computers Windows NT 4 0 Terminal Server is not supported Microsoft Windows NTR 4 0 Service Pack 6a 32 megabytes MB of RAM 96 MB recommended 150 MB free hard disk space 800 x 600 or higher resolution display with 256 colors Microsoft mouse or compatible pointing device CD ROM Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 2 Installing Micro Saint Sharp B Before you Begin Installation Before you install Micro Saint Sharp check that you have the following items m Micro Saint Sharp Program CD m Micro Saint Sharp User Guide m Hardware Key Installing Micro Saint Sharp To install Micro Saint Sharp 1 Insert the Micro Saint Sharp CD into your CD ROM drive If the CD fails to start the Setup process then follow these steps a Open Windows explorer b Navigate to the Micro Saint Sharp CD ROM and double click Micro Saint Sharp Gold Msi or Micro Saint Sharp Silver Msi The file on the CD ROM is based upon which version of Micro Saint Sharp you purchased 2 Follow the instructions that display on the screen to complete the installation process You may be prompted to install NET Framework Micro Saint Sharp uses the NET Framework platform version 1 1 is required For details about NET Framework
52. Gamma shape Applications The Gamma distribution is often used to model nonnegative random variables such as the time for a human operator to complete a task The Gamma distribution is also used to represent lifetimes lead times personal income data a population about a stable equilibrium and service times Use the Gamma distribution for task times when a task cannot be done much faster than the mean time yet could take much longer Description The Gamma distribution is a continuous distribution that is bounded at the lower side It has three distinct regions The range of values above the mean is much greater than the range of values below the mean Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 305 E E Types of Probability Distributions Geometric Distribution Syntax Applications Description Geometric mean The Geometric distribution is used to represent the number of failures before the first success in a sequence of independent Bernoulli trials The Geometric distribution can be used to represent the number of items inspected before encountering the first defective item the number of items in a batch of random size or the number of items demanded from an inventory The Geometric distribution is a discrete distribution with a lower bound at 0 and no bound on the high side Inverse Gaussian Distribution Syntax Applications Description E 306 InverseGaussian mean standard deviation The Inverse Gaussian
53. If a constraint is defined using only decision variables and the constraint is infeasible OptQuest will tell you there is an infeasible constraint and will not start the optimization If a constraint contains an output variable OptQuest must run a simulation to determine feasibility If the solution is infeasible it is marked as infeasible in the status and solutions window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 345 E B OptQuest Glossary Continuous Variable A variable that can be fractional so that any given range contains an infinite number of possible values Optimization models can be classified as Discrete Discrete decision variables only W Continuous Continuous decision variables only W Mixed Both discrete and continuous decision variables Design Variable Design variables are used in problems to represent decisions where there is no clear sense of direction For example design variables can be used to represent an ID for an item such as a battery from a list of batteries They are used when a larger number may not imply a better choice For example Battery 8 may not be a better choice than Battery 2 See also Decision Variable on page 347 Discrete Variable A variable that can only assume values equal to its lower bound plus a multiple of its step size the step size is any number greater than zero but less than the variable s range Optimization models can be classified as M Discrete Only discrete
54. KOKS x Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E Options include the following Initial value Contains the initial value OptQuest uses to start optimizing Lower Bound Contains the lower limit for the decision variable Name Displays the name of the decision variable from your model You can select the variable name from the drop down list box Notes Displays any notes pertaining to this decision variable Step Size For integers contains the value used to assign to the decision variable The step size allows you to modify the feasible values in a range for an integer variable For example a discrete variable defined in the range 5 to 11 has the following feasible values when the step size is equal to 1 5 4 3 2 10123 1l However if you change the step size to 5 the feasible values for the variable are reduced to the following 5 0 5 10 Type Indicates whether the variable is continuous real or integer You can select either Continuous or Integer from the drop down menu You must specify a step size for integer decision variables Upper Bound Contains the upper limit for the decision variable Editing Decision Variables To edit a decision variable 1 Click the Decision Variable item in the tree view 2 Inthe tree view click the decision variable to edit 3 Editthe decision variable properties in the Properties window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 321M B Setting u
55. Model Abort Tag 3 aborts any entities with a tag value of 3 Model Abort ID 2 aborts any entities in task ID 2 v Note The ending effect of a task that is aborted is not executed Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 255m E Model Functions Beep Syntax Beep number Description Causes a beeping noise during model execution You indicate the number of beeps Example Model Beep 3 causes three beeps to sound Create Entity Syntax CreateEntity Description Creates an entity with attributes that are all set to zero Example Entity TemporaryEntity CreateEntity points the entity variable TemporaryEntity to a new entity with attributes that are all equal to zero Direction Syntax Direction x y1 x2 y2 Description Returns the direction in degrees between two points x1 y1 and x2 y2 Example Model Direction 4 3 2 1 returns 225 B 256 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Distance Syntax Distance x1 y1 x2 y2 Description Returns the distance between two points x1 y1 and x2 y2 Example Model Distance 4 3 2 1 returns 2 82 approximately PA 43 2 1 Halt Syntax Halt Description Terminates the simulation at the next safe stopping place and sends simulation completion information to the Output window Also see Kill on page 257 Example Model Halt Kill Syntax Kill Des
56. Notes ReleaseCondil return true El Data Collection QueueDataCo True TaskDataColl True El Paths DecisionType Multiple El Queue see nurse 6 see doctor 7 T as k N etwo rk QueueDepartii major NU QueueE ntering treatment 4 QueuePriorityC return 0 0 Snapshots 9 Scenario Events Entity Attributes Charts Watches Execution Settings Animator Hii OptQuest QueueType None El Timing Tree View Window Real Time Off Run Number Clock VA Micro Saint Sharp Window Components This section describes the window components in the main Micro Saint Sharp window For descriptions of the Animator window see Animator Window Overview on page 212 For details on resizing moving hiding and docking the windows see Manipulating Windows on page 40 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 31H E Micro Saint Sharp Window Components E 32 Title Bar The title bar displays at the very top of the Micro Saint Sharp window and contains the name of the currently open model Micro Saint Sharp models have the extension saint Menu Bar The menu bar displays below the title bar at the top of the Micro Saint Sharp window and contains the File Edit Execution Utilities View and Help menus m The File menu includes basic model commands such as New Model Open Model and Save Model W The Edit menu includes basi
57. Procedures Bl 3 Inthe Replace With box type the text you want to use as a replacement 4 Inthe Look In section select the model elements to search Options include Everything Tasks Functions Scenario Events Snapshots Variables and Entity Variables 5 Click Find Micro Saint Sharp searches for the text string and displays each occurrence in the lower part of the Find Replace dialog box 6 Click Replace Micro Saint Sharp replaces the text and displays the new string of text 7 Click Close to close the Find Replace dialog box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 67 E B Replacing Text E 68 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 m 6 Network Diagram The graphical display of a Micro Saint Sharp model shows the tasks networks groups comments queues decision nodes and paths connecting these items Once you have analyzed the modeling process drawing the task network diagram in Micro Saint Sharp is relatively easy Using the tools on the Task Network palette you can place the tasks networks comments and groups onto the network diagram and then draw the paths connecting them You can then designate the starting task and define the task network queue and decision logic for each task This chapter describes how to create a network diagram For details on defining the objects in the diagram see Chapter 7 Model Components Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 69 E Creating a Network Diagram
58. Queue Departing Effect ii Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 109 E B Tasks Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Queue tab Y Note After you type the word Entity and the following period in any expression text box Micro Saint Sharp automatically displays a list of system and user defined entity attributes for selection Double click an attribute to select it e Queue Type Specifies the order for sorting the entities The following options are available None entities wait until they are released Entities are not sorted This is the default value FIFO First in First Out the next entity to be selected from the queue is the one that is in the queue the longest LIFO Last In First Out the next entity to be selected from the queue is the entity that entered the queue most recently This option represents a stacking order so that the last one placed on top is the next one to be taken out Sorted the next entity to be selected from the queue is based on a priority value that you assign When you select this option you must define the priority expressions identifying which entities have priority over other entities Queue Collect Data Enabled Controls whether queue data is collected Select this check box to enable queue data collection You can collect data for as many queues as you like but the more queues you enable the larger the queue data file
59. Radar Charts Radar charts are useful for defining performance and identifying strengths and weaknesses In a radar chart each category has its own value axis radiating from the center point Lines connect all the values in the same series Radar charts display the relational differences between values Radar charts are sometimes referred to as star or spider charts 190 00 B Series 1 10 8900 i 2 Series 2 70 00 ge 4 Series 3 160 00 B 196 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data E Scatter Charts Scatter charts show the degree of relationship between values in several series Scatter charts display observations as a chart showing the values of two variables one dependent and one independent Bil Series 1 e 80 00 e A poer pa A Series 70 00 4 e e e 60002 m a 50 00 P a 40 00 m a 30 00 a a a a A A 4 2000 A x 4 A 10 00 5 0 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Step charts are well suited for comparing data or series of values over a recorded period of time They are useful for noting trends 90 00 Series 1 80 00 e Series 2 amp Series 3 70 00 1 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 197 M B Variable Data Files Surface Charts Surface charts are useful for comparing large numbers of values visually using a set scale Surface charts are useful when you want to find optimum combinations between two sets of data Colors and p
60. Saint engine However it has been completely redesigned to be faster modular and more powerful Micro Saint Sharp is based upon the robust and fully featured Microsoft C language The previous versions of Micro Saint were based upon a much more limiting proprietary language This release of Micro Saint Sharp additionally contains the following new features New docking interface allows users to place windows where they are most useful Highly configurable windows that allow you to reposition windows into logical working groups and to temporarily hide windows that you are not using Tree view that displays a list of all model components Task network and Animator palettes that contain the tools you use to construct the task network and Animator diagrams Animator is an optional add on component An Output window that displays the trace of execution including the clock times for events application errors whether plugins were loaded successfully the start and end of simulation and any syntax errors Enhanced Animator display previously called ActionView where you can easily use your own custom images charts comments and way points to the Animator display Objects can then be dynamically moved around to simulate the model execution A Line Debugger window that increases the resolution for debugging a model simulation Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 1 Introduction B W A Properties window for all the
61. Sharp interface for a special type of data container such as an array an array list a hash table tables containing associations between keys and values so that given a key the value can be found quickly or any other container that implements the IEnumerable interface For details on variable types see page 118 Animator parameters include the following W ImageID The Object ID for the image The Object ID displays in the Properties window for the image M ImagelDs An IEnumerable containing the Image IDs W TypeID The ID shared by all copies of a particular palette imageID The TypeID displays in the Properties window for the image W ObjectID The unique ID for the image assigned by Micro Saint Sharp The Object ID displays in the Properties window for the image in the field UniqueID m WayPointID The unique ID for the way point The WayPointID displays in the Properties window for the image in the field UniqueID Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 281M B Animator Functions E 282 CommentID The unique ID for the comment The Comment ID displays in the Properties window for the image in the field UniqueID StartID The starting way point ID The StartID displays in the Properties window for the image in the field UniqueID EndID The ending way point ID The EndID displays in the Properties window for the image in the field UniqueID Duration The amount of simulation time Color The color X The x c
62. Switch Statements Switch statements can be used in place of cascading if statements see page 244 They enable your code to be more efficient and readable The syntax of a switch statement is the following switch control Expression case constant Expression statement break case constant Expression2 statement break default Statement break Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 247M B Switch Statements Switch statements must adhere to the following rules E 248 You can only use switch on int and string data types The case labels must be constant expressions such as 3 or 3 The case labels must each have a unique expression no two can be the same A break statement is required for each case A default case is allowed For example string fruit apple switch fruit case banana Model PrintOutput You ate a banana break case apple Model PrintOutput You ate an apple break default Model PrintOutput didn t eat fruit break Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 11 Expressions E Foreach Statements Sometimes you may want to loop through all the items in an array or some other collection of objects In this case you can use a foreach statement Foreach statements take the following format foreach type identifier in expression Statement For example foreach int current i
63. Toolbars You can add a new toolbar section to the Micro Saint Sharp toolbar and then add any buttons for commands that you might commonly use To add a new toolbar 1 Click the down facing arrow to the right of any toolbar section The flyover text Toolbar Options displays Click Add or Remove buttons Click Customize The Customize Toolbars dialog box displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B 4 Click the New button The New Toolbar dialog box displays New toolbar New toolbar name Cancel 5 In the New toolbar name box type a name for the toolbar and click OK The new toolbar displays in the list of toolbars You can now add buttons to the toolbar For details see Adding Custom Toolbar Buttons on page 54 6 Click OK to close the Customize Toolbars dialog box Customizing the Display of Toolbar Buttons You can customize the display of toolbar buttons by displaying an image only an image and text or text only To customize the display of toolbar buttons 1 Click the down facing arrow to the right of any toolbar section The flyover text Toolbar Options displays 2 Click Add or Remove buttons Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 51H E Customizing the Micro Saint Sharp Toolbar 3 Click Customize The Customize Toolbars dialog box displays Customize toolbars Commands Options m Button Look Ima
64. Trace Data During Simulation on page 166 To analyze trace data save the trace results in the Output window and then open it in the application you want to use for analysis For details on saving the trace results see Saving the Results in the Output Window to a File on page 167 Task Data Files E 180 The task data file contains a record of how long each task requires to execute The following information displays for each task W Task number B Task name B Minimum task time B Maximum task time B Mean task time Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Standard deviation calculated using the nonbiased or n 1 method Number of times the task was performed task hits To collect Task Data you must enable Task Data collection for each individual task Additionally you must also enable Task Information Collection in the Execution Settings dialog box For details see Execution Setting Parameters on page 159 To analyze the trace data export the data and then open it in the software application you want to use for analysis For details on exporting data see Exporting Model Information on page 63 Queue Data Files The queue data file contains a record of the queue information The following information displays for each queue Queue ID ID number for the queue Name name of the queue Number Of Queue Hits number of times an entity entered the queue Minim
65. Variables Functions Snapshots Scenario Events a Entity Attributes Charts Animator hii OptQuest a Decision Variables Constraints Objectives Options Watches Execution Settings Decision Variables Decision variables are the variables or resources in your model that you control After you define the decision variables in your simulation model you can select which decision variables to optimize in OptQuest The values of these decision variables will change with each simulation until OptQuest finds values that yield the best objective For some analyses you might fix the values of certain decision variables and optimize the rest Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 319M B Setting up the Optimization E 320 Displaying Decision Variables To display defined decision variables In the tree view click the Decision Variables item to expand it A list of defined variables displays in the tree view Adding Decision Variables To add a decision variable 1 In the tree view right click the Decision Variables item and select Add Decision Variable A new decision variable is added to the tree view 2 Click the new variable The Properties window for the decision variable displays Properties DecisionVariable3 SONS bak Go El Misc Initial alue 0 LowerBound 0 Name DecisionVariable3 x Notes StepSize 0 Type Continuous UpperBound 0 Name Variable name ENNER
66. Version Information Displaying Version Information You can view version information for Micro Saint Sharp You may want to know the version number when you are requesting technical support To display version information 1 From the Help menu select About The About Micro Saint Sharp dialog box information displays The version number of the software is indicated LA About Micro Saint Sharp MICRO ANALYSIS amp DESIGN EVERYTHING YOU NEED IN simul amp tion 2 To close the dialog box click the X in the upper right corner Technical Support You can e mail any questions you have regarding Micro Saint Sharp to the following address techsupport maad com E8 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 m 2 Installing Micro Saint Sharp This chapter presents the instructions for installing Micro Saint Sharp In this chapter you will learn the following Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 What you need to know and what you should have on hand before you start the installation What the system requirements are How to install the software for the hardware key How to plug in the hardware key How to install Micro Saint Sharp How to start Micro Saint Sharp E System Requirements System Requirements The minimum system requirements to run Micro Saint Sharp are the following E 10 90 Megahertz Intel Pentium class processor Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Windows XP Professional Windows XP Home
67. a ID f7 Item ID il L ing Paths Queue Appearance and Notes Distribution Normal Si Mean iireturn 0 0 a 4 Standard Deviation lireturn 0 0 a Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Timing tab Distribution Contains a drop down list of the statistical distributions provided by Micro Saint Sharp For details about probability distributions see Chapter 13 Probability Distributions Mean Contains an expression or number for the mean time to be used in generating execution times Time units can be seconds minutes hours and so on This field is used in conjunction with the Distribution You must include a return statement in the expressions defining the mean time For details on return statements see Return Statements on page 236 Standard Deviation Contains the number or expression for the standard deviation in time units to use in calculations for the task You must include a return statement in the expressions defining the standard deviation For details on return statements see Return Statements on page 236 Different text boxes may display for other distribution related parameters depending on the type of distribution you select For details on these parameters see Distribution Functions on page 272 v Note In the Properties window the timing p
68. a departing effect of the queue For example to record the value of duration in the departing effect you could use the following expression QueueWait Entity Tag Entity Duration Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 127 B Entity Attributes Whenever an entity starts a task Micro Saint Sharp sets Entity Duration equal to the task execution time for the entity you can record this value in the launch effect of the task For example to record the value of duration in the launch effect you could use the following example TaskTime Entity Tag Entity Duration Entity Duration is only valid in the Departing Effect for queues and the Launch Effect field for tasks W Entity Group is identical to the Entity Tag attribute but is used to control groups of tasks As with the Entity Tag attribute the Entity Group value is carried through the simulation W Entity ID records the task number in which the entity is in WB Entity Tag records the identity of each entity when you have multiple entities traveling through a network Each entity is assigned a default value of zero when it is generated but you can assign a new ntity Tag value to an entity at any point Once an entity has a ntity Tag value the value stays with that entity through the remainder of model execution or until you change it When you use ntity Tag inan expression Micro Saint Sharp interpr
69. a specific clock time Some events are expressions that you schedule to occur at specific times these are called scenario events All other events are scheduled such as the finish times for currently executing tasks as the model is running You can watch events being scheduled by displaying the Event Queue window Event Queue Events that are scheduled to happen during model execution are placed in an Event Queue As each event occurs it is removed from the top of the queue These events are displayed in the Event Queue window Expression A calculation formula function or statement that supplies a value or performs an operation Expressions can contain combinations of numerical values constants or variables functions mathematical and logical operators and logical statements Function One or more mathematical or logical expressions that are assigned a single name and return a single value When a function name is encountered in an expression in a model the model executes the expressions included in the function and returns a value Micro Saint Sharp contains model mathematical distribution and Animator functions for your use or you can define and save your own functions with the model Job Either a single task or a subnetwork A network is made up of jobs linked by paths and sometimes preceded by queues Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 3538 B Glossary B 354 Launch Effect An expression that represents
70. abstract as base bool break byte case catch char checked class const continue decimal default delegate do double else enum event explicit extern false finally fixed float for foreach goto if implicit in int interface internal is lock long namespace new null object operator out override params private protected public readonly ref return sbyte sealed short sizeof stackalloc static string struct switch this throw true try typeof unit ulong unchecked unsafe ushort using virtual void and while i 116 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B The variable is added to the list of variables in the tree view and the Properties window displays 3 Inthe tree view double click the variable name to open the Variable Description dialog box 4 Enter the variable parameters to define the variable Parameters are described in the following section Variable Parameters The parameters used to define a variable include the variable type the initial value whether the variable is an array indexes for an array and any variable notes ea Task Network a Variable 1 4b x Name Variable_1 Type Integer ta Arbitrary Type Initial Value n ls Array O Dimensions Notes Following are detailed descriptions of the variable parameters Name Contains the name of the variable Micro Saint Sha
71. accessible as long as the loop is running Functions You can call a function in an expression to perform the procedure associated with the function or to return a value All functions must end with a set of parentheses this includes entity and user defined functions Function names must begin with a letter or underscore and can be followed by zero or more letters numbers and underscore characters Function names are case sensitive so name and NAME are considered to be different functions You can use functions that return numeric values in any place that you would use a numeric constant Functions that perform procedures are generally used as single expressions as the then part of an if then statement or as the do part of a while loop Beginning Effect if Clock 1440 Model Halt Mean Distributions Poisson 15 E 234 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 11 Expressions E Comments When a model includes long or complex expressions you may want to add explanatory comments Micro Saint Sharp allows two types of comments m Single line comments In single line comments the text between and a carriage return is disregarded Function AVERAGE calculates the averag W Multi line comments In multi line comments the text between and is disregarded SUMEXPOSE counts and sums the nonzero elements in the array exposure putting the count in j and the sum
72. also represent a person performing the tasks Or the entity may simply trace the sequence of tasks and not correspond to anything physical Default attributes are associated with each entity and track the state of the entity You can add other attributes to an entity Tasks Paths and Decisions When you execute a model an entity starts at the task you designate as the starting point The entity then travels along the paths executing each task it encounters When multiple paths leave a task the decision type determines the paths the entity should take Multiple entities are created when an entity splits to follow more than one path out of a task The execution time for each task varies within the parameters you supply usually distribution type mean time and standard deviation The sequence of tasks that the entity follows can also vary if you include probabilistic or tactical routing decisions In a probabilistic decision you specify the probability of each following task and Micro Saint Sharp selects a task randomly within these probabilities In a tactical decision you specify the system conditions under which each following task can be selected You can define these conditions and probabilities using expressions operators and variables that represent the state of the system Additionally as each task executes it can alter the state of the system with expressions called effects Effects are executed either at the beginning o
73. and a number of key innovations achieved useful advances However the successful applications typically required highly problem specific designs customizing the solution procedures to each particular case Then every time a new problem surfaced a new procedure had to be developed The metaheuristic approaches are based on general principles but they also owe their efficiency to the knowledge of characteristics particular to each situation In this sense there is no separation between the model and the solution procedure In fact the solution procedure might be seen as a way of modeling the problem If it can be done successfully it is better to separate the solution procedure from the system to optimize The disadvantage of this black box approach is that the optimization procedure is generic and does not know anything about what goes on inside the box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 341M B OptQuest Methodology How OptQuest Uses Metaheuristics The clear advantage to the OptQuest approach is that you can use the same optimizer for many systems OptQuest is a generic optimizer that successfully separates the method from the model In this case the optimization problem is defined outside the system represented by a simulation model This design lets you create a model of your system that includes as many elements as necessary to accurately represent the real thing While the simulation model can change and evolve to incorpo
74. attribute the Entity Group value is carried through the simulation Entity ID records the current task number the entity is in The task number is assigned to the task by Micro Saint Sharp but you can change the number in the task ItemID box T Entity Time contains the closest scheduled event time for the entity Entity Type contains the event type for which the entity is scheduled These can be one time events or they can repeat at regular intervals Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Abort Syntax Abort key value Description Aborts all entities matched by the key value pair The key parameter can be a default entity attribute or a user defined attribute Example Model Abort Tag 3 aborts any entities with a tag value of 3 Model Abort ID 2 aborts any entities in task ID 2 NA Note The ending effect of a task that is aborted is not executed Abort array Syntax Abort key array value array Description Aborts all entities matched by the key value pair The key parameter can be a default entity attribute or a user defined attribute Example If key 0 Group key 1 Tag val 0 3 and val 1 12 then Model Abort key val aborts any entities with a group value of 3 and a tag value of 12 If key 0 Group key 1 ID val 0 3 and val 1 212 then
75. being modeled i 24 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 3 Understanding Micro Saint Sharp Models E As you determine what tasks are involved you also need to determine how long each task requires to execute and how the times for each task are distributed You need to determine the probability distribution that characterizes the task and what values are appropriate for the distribution parameters usually mean and standard deviation You may need to gather data to determine these values or at least obtain estimates from subject matter experts You can use various statistical curve fitting packages to determine the appropriate probability distribution for a task These packages import data from an Excel spreadsheet fit the data to a curve and provide the necessary parameters such as mean or standard deviation for Micro Saint Sharp The packages are available from several software distributors call MA amp D for further information 3 Draw the network diagram Once you have analyzed the process drawing the task network diagram in Micro Saint Sharp is easy Just drag the network diagram objects from the Palette tab to the positions where you want them Then draw the paths from each task to any tasks or network that can follow that task As you are drawing the diagram remember that you can use tasks to represent mental processes physical processes and processes that are not actually performed For example you can use a
76. chose parents randomly to produce offspring and introduced randomization to determine which components of the parents to combine Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 343M B OptQuest Glossary By contrast Scatter search does not revert to randomization by being indifferent to choices among alternatives However as in probabilistic Tabu search the approach incorporates strategic probabilistic biases taking account of evaluations and history Scatter search focuses on generating relevant outcomes while still producing diverse solutions due to the way the generation process rounded linear combinations is implemented In particular Scatter search considers that the generation of new points might contain information that is not contained in the original points To learn more about Scatter search see Scatter Search and Star Paths Beyond the Genetic Metaphor Fred Glover OR Spektrum 1995 vol 17 pp 125 137 To learn more about Tabu search see Tabu Search Fred Glover and Manuel Laguna Kluwer Academic Publishers How OptQuest Uses Scatter Search Scatter search is an information driven approach exploiting knowledge derived from the search space high quality solutions found within the space and trajectories through the space over time The combination of these factors creates a highly effective solution process The incorporation of such designs gives OptQuest the ability to solve complex simulation based problems wi
77. distribution is used to model Brownian motion and diffusion processes with boundary conditions and to model the distribution of particle size in aggregates reliability and lifetimes and repair time The Inverse Gaussian distribution is a continuous distribution that is bounded on the lower side It is uniquely zero at the minimum x and always positively skewed The inverse Gaussian is also called the Inverse Normal Distribution or Wald Distribution Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 13 Probability Distributions B Logistic Distribution Syntax Logistic mean standard deviation Applications The Logistic distribution is most often used as a growth model for populations for weight gain and for business failure Occasionally the Logistic function 1s used in place of the Normal function where exceptional cases play a larger role Description The Logistic distribution is a continuous distribution that is unbounded and symmetrical about its mean The shape of the Logistic distribution is very much like the Normal distribution except that the Logistic distribution has broader tails LogLogistic Distribution Syntax LogLogistic scale shape Applications The LogLogistic distribution is used to model the output of complex processes such as business failure and product cycle times Description The LogLogistic is a continuous distribution that is bounded on the lower side A true Loglogistic distribution occurs wh
78. in path routing Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 151 WE E Comments E 152 MA amp D County Simulation Tool July 17 2003 t Time for break 1 9 You can position comments in the same way as any other network object A list of comments associated with the model displays in the tree view below the Task Network node You can display comment descriptions and add edit and delete comments Displaying Comment Descriptions To display a comment description On the task network diagram double click the comment The Comment Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the comment displays Adding Comments To add a comment 1 From the Task Network palette drag the Comment tool to the correct place on the task network diagram You can alternatively right click in the task network and select Add Comment from the menu that displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components BH 2 Double click the comment box The Comment dialog box displays 3 Enter the comment parameters Parameters are defined in the following section Comment Parameters Comment parameters display at the top of the Comment Description dialog box Additional parameters are contained in the Variables and the Appearance and Notes tab Parameters at the top of the window include the following Name Contains the name of the comment Enter the text th
79. in sumexpose Commas Commas are not allowed in Micro Saint Sharp expressions except for in arrays You can use commas in arrays if you have a two or more dimensional array for example int a new int 12 14 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 2358 E Return Statements Return Statements A return statement returns a value so that it can be used in another calculation or evaluation Return statements must be included in several instances in Micro Saint Sharp E 236 When an expression in a model contains a variable or value used in other calculations In this case the last expression must begin with return Example The following expression returns the value of b return b When logic statements are evaluated in the Release Condition Decision Code and Queue Priority fields In this case a value of true or false must be returned If a decision is of type probabilistic a decimal value must be returned Example The following expression could be used in the Release Condition field if x 2 return true else return false The task would only execute when x was greater than 2 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 11 Expressions B W When expressions are evaluated in the Mean Time Standard Deviation or the Third Data Shaping fields In this case a number must be returned Example The following expression could be used in the Mean Time field if Entity ProductTy
80. is when you run the model To collect queue data you must also select Enable Queue Information Collection in the Execution Settings dialog box see Enable Queue Information Collection on page 7 7 W 110 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Queue Entering Effect Contains the expressions indicating what happens when an entity enters a queue Micro Saint Sharp evaluates the entering effect first followed by the queue priority When you are defining the queue expressions for a model keep in mind that each expression can affect the expressions that follow it in the evaluation order The entering effect occurs only once Queue Priority Contains the expression used in sorting the entities in a queue When it is time to release an entity from the queue Micro Saint Sharp calculates the value of the priority expression for each entity in the queue The entity with the highest priority value is released into the next job For the priority expression to be meaningful it must have different values for different entities usually by involving the Entity Tag attribute see page 128 You must include a return statement in the expressions defining the priority For details on return statements see Return Statements on page 236 Queue Departing Effect Contains the expression indicating what happens when an entity leaves a queue The departing effect occurs only once Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0
81. location and draw the appropriate connecting paths As you move objects the boundaries of the Group automatically resize to contain the objects A small icon with a minus sign displays in the upper left corner of the group box To collapse the box to the size of a task click the minus sign the icon changes to a plus To expand the box to the original size click the plus icon You can move the Group box on the task network diagram as if it were any other network diagram element Setting Group Properties To set group properties 1 Double click anywhere in the Group box The Group Description dialog box displays Ga Task Network IE 15 4px Item ID 15 Style Node Shape gt Background Color 7 PowderBlue ba Border Color BN Blue Test Colo WEE Black Font Type Aral Font Size 10 Notes Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 97H B Groups 2 Enter the Group parameters Parameters are described in the following section Group Parameters Group parameters consist of the name and ID for the group the physical appearance of the group and any notes Following are detailed descriptions of the group parameters Name Contains the name for the group ID Contains the Micro Saint Sharp defined ID number for the group Micro Saint Sharp automatically assigns the next available number when a new group is created To
82. maximum with constant probability at every value on or between the bounds It arises when an event can have a finite and equally probable number of outcomes Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 303m E Types of Probability Distributions B 304 Exponential Distribution Syntax Applications Description Exponential mean The Exponential distribution is frequently used to represent the time between random occurrences Examples include the time between arrivals at a specific location in a queuing model or the time between failures in reliability models The Exponential distribution is also used to represent times between independent events that occur at a constant rate such as the time between arrival of aircraft at airports between arrival of patients at a hospital or between accidents at a factory Typically Exponential distributions are used for arrival rates The Exponential distribution is a continuous distribution that is bounded on the lower side Its shape is always the same starting at a finite value at the minimum and continuously decreasing at larger x An Exponential distribution does not have a standard deviation the distribution is defined by the mean value The most frequently occurring values are close to zero As the value increases the number of occurrences decreases Extreme Value Type A Syntax Applications Description ExtremeValueTypeA mean standard deviation The Extreme Value Type
83. method B Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 331 E E Factors that Affect Search Performance While using OptQuest you will obtain performance profiles similar to method A OptQuest s search methodology is very aggressive and attempts to immediately find high quality solutions causing large improvements with respect to the initial solution early in the search This is critical when OptQuest can perform only a limited number of simulations However several factors affect OptQuest s performance and the importance of these factors varies from one situation to another This section reviews these factors and offers tips and suggestions on how to achieve maximum performance Factors that Affect Search Performance E 332 Any heuristic method for solving problems cannot guarantee that it will find the optimal solution It might only find a solution that is close to the optimal solution usually referred to as the best solution this is why maximizing performance is critical The following is a list of relevant factors that directly affect search performance These factors are discussed in the following sections m Number Of Decision Variables m Initial Values W Bounds and Constraints W Complexity of the Objective m Constraints W Feasibility W Number of Replications and Simulations Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E m Simulation Accuracy W Simulation Speed Number Of Decision Variables T
84. notes display For networks the tasks and any notes display To display network object properties in HTML 1 Do one of the following e For an object on the task network diagram select the object For variables functions snapshots scenario events entity attributes charts and watches select the item in the tree view Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 83 E B Editing Text and Objects E 84 2 Right click the mouse and select Show Properties as HTML from the menu that displays Your default web browser automatically opens and displays the properties a Task Network Information Microsoft Internet Explorer ol x Tools Beginning Effect Ending Effect Release Condition return true Data Shaping 1 return 0 0 Data Shaping 2 return 0 0 Data Shaping 3 return 0 0 Distribution Type Normal Decision Type Multiple Notes gt Q 2 A Search Favorite Address e C Program Files MAAD Micro Saint Sharp T askInformation html Media lt 4 Edy gt Links e Z Ecoj Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 6 Network Diagram B Displaying Task Network Properties in HTML You can display the properties of the task network model in HTML format Network notes task properties variables functions snapshots scenario events entity attributes watches and charts display To display task network properties in HTML From the Utilities menu select View Model a
85. number between the numbers 2 and 4 Model Random returns a random number between 0 and 1 including 0 and excluding 1 Random Integer Syntax RandomInteger minimum maximum Description Returns a random integer between the minimum and maximum numbers that you supply Example Model RandomInteger 1 4 returns a random integer between the numbers and 4 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 259 W E Model Functions E 260 Random Seed Syntax RandomSeed Description Returns the value of the current random number seed Do not use parentheses after RandomSeed Example In the example MySeed Model RandomSeed the variable MySeed would contain the current seed The same model run with this seed will produce the same results Resume Syntax Resume key value Description Resumes all entities matched by the key value pair The key parameter can be a default entity attribute or a user defined attribute Example Model Resume Tag 3 resumes any entities with a tag value of 3 Model Resume ID 2 resumes any entities in task ID 2 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Resume array Syntax Resume key array value array Description Resumes all entities matched by the key value pair The key parameter can be a default entity attribute or a user defined attribute Example If key 0 Group key 1 Tag val 0 3 and v
86. of the status bar 4 Note You can click anywhere on the Animator window and the coordinates display in the status bar Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 215 E B Animator Window Overview E 216 Displaying the Animator Window If the Animator window does not currently display use the following command to open it To display the Animator window 1 From the View menu select Windows 2 Select Animator The Animator window displays Enabling Edit Mode The Animator uses two modes Edit mode and Run mode Animator automatically switches to Run mode when a model is running In this mode you cannot change the display You must switch to Edit mode to modify the Animator display Once a model has completed running the Animator is left in Run mode until you switch to Edit mode This allows you to copy or print the Animator end states To enable Edit mode From the Animator menu select Animator Edit Mode The Animator display changes to Edit mode and you can modify the diagram Adding Objects to the Animator Window To add an object to the Animator window using the Animator palette 1 From the Animator palette select the item to add When you select an item a green box displays around the item Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 10 Animator Bi 2 Click the left mouse button and while pressing the button drag the item to the Animator display 3 Release the left mouse button The object
87. orientation right click the title of the window and select Move to Previous Tab Group Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 43M E Manipulating Windows Hiding Windows Hiding a window completely removes the window from the display and frees up more working space You can only hide Tool windows Hiding a window is the same as closing the window To hide a window 1 Right click the title of the window such as Tree View or Properties 2 Select Hide from the menu that displays You can alternatively click the X in the upper right corner of the window The window is removed from the display Redisplaying Hidden Windows Once a window is hidden you can redisplay it using the View menu To redisplay a hidden window 1 From the View menu select Windows 2 Select the window The window redisplays in the last position it occupied You can also redisplay a window using the Sections tab For details see Sections Window on page 34 E 44 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B Auto Hiding Windows Auto hide minimizes a window and places a tab with the window name on the closest edge of the Micro Saint Sharp window You can only place Tool windows in auto hide mode To enable auto hide 1 Right click the title of the window such as Tree View or Properties 2 Select Auto Hide from the menu that displays You can alternatively click the push pin icon on the tit
88. paste the information that is on the clipboard Viewing Scheduled Events During Simulation E 168 The Event Queue window displays the list of events as they occur during model execution These include the execution of tasks and any defined scheduled events The Group ID Tag Time and Type of event display Beginning effects are highlighted in navy ending effects are in green suspended beginning effects are in blue and suspended ending effects are in lime Evaluate queue is in fuchsia leaving queue is in purple and waiting without queue is in red And finally scenario events are in yellow and snapshots are in maroon Event Group ID Tag Time Type Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model B To view the execution of scenario events open the Event Queue window Scenario events only display in the Event Queue window during model execution To update scheduled events during model execution From the Utilities menu select Event Queue so that a check mark displays adjacent to the label Event Queue The next time you run the model simulation the scheduled events display in the Event Queue v Note You must enable the display of trace data before you can enable the display of the scheduled events in the Event Queue To disable the update of scheduled events during model execution From the Utilities menu select Event Queue so that the check mark adjacent to the label Event Queu
89. routing decision types and queue order W Built in system variables and variables that you can define Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 1 Introduction Bl W Built in functions that you can call from expressions in your model and the ability to add custom functions m Data collection snapshots that you can define to be triggered by clock times or model events m Scenario events that you can schedule to occur at specific clock times to change the values of variables or trigger tasks m Windows that you can leave open during model execution to display changes in the model state for example variable values or scheduled events W Symbolic animation of the network diagram during model execution B Image animation of the model using your own custom background and images of your choice W Collection of snapshot queue trace of tasks and task data W Automatic creation of charts from variable data collected during model runs W Automatic generation of certain performance measures regarding queues such as average wait and queue length over time m Syntax checker that searches the model for errors in syntax and displays the errors W Interoperability so you can exchange data with other software applications Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 3H B What s New in This Release What s New in This Release m4 This is the first release of Micro Saint Sharp but it is built off of the very successful Micro
90. set x to 1 variable variable Ifx 2 then x 2 variable number number sets the value of x to 4 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 2399 E Logical Operators Long form Short form Example variable variable number Ifx 2 then x 2 variable number sets the value of x to 1 variable variable number If x 2 then x 2 sets the value of x to 0 variable number Logical Operators Use logical operators to compare two numeric values or logical statements If the comparison is true the result is equal to one If the comparison is equal to false the result is equal to zero Similarly any nonzero value is considered true and a zero value is considered false Y Note Be careful not to confuse the logical equality operator with the assignment operator left equal to the value to The assignment operator sets the variable to its its right and returns this value Symbol Comparison Example Equal to a If the value of a is 3 the expression is true and returns a value of one If the value of a is anything other than 3 the expression is false and returns a value of zero Not equal to al 5 If a is not equal to 5 the expression is true and returns a value of one If a is equal to 5 the expression is false and returns a value of Zero E 240 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 11 Expre
91. the changes in the values Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 173 E E Using the Line Debugger Window Comment boxes can display the values of variables at any location in the task network W The Output window displays the actions that occur when you run the model Any syntax errors are indicated and you can use them for debugging purposes m The Task Information data file can also be used to help find errors in logic The file contains a record of the beginning time ending time and Enity Tag numbers for each task executed during the model run Using the Line Debugger Window The Line Debugger window is a separate window that you can use to increase the resolution for debugging a model simulation When the Line Debugger window is open and you step through model simulation execution occurs one line of code at a time When the Line Debugger window is not open and you step through the simulation execution occurs one effect at a time rather than one line of code at a time You can only enable line debugging between model runs To display the Line Debugger window In the Execution Settings dialog box select the Line by Line Debugging check box W 174 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model E Controlling Execution Speed In addition to starting and stopping model execution Micro Saint Sharp provides commands to pause resume and step through execution You can also set the speed for model ex
92. the Snapshot Description dialog box For details see Adding Snapshots on page 146 To collect snapshot data you must enable Snapshots in the Execution Settings dialog box For details see Execution Setting Parameters on page 159 i 182 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Variable Data Files In addition to task trace queue and snapshot data file sets you can collect information regarding the values of the variables during model execution You can plot these values within Micro Saint Sharp on any of twenty different types of charts Charts are listed in the tree view and are saved with each model You can display a list of all defined charts display the definition for an individual chart and add edit and delete charts You can also format charts print charts and save charts as an image file Displaying Defined Charts To display defined charts In the tree view double click the Charts item to expand it A list of existing charts displays in the tree view and in the Charts window in the main Document window The Charts window displays the chart name and the variables included in the chart carsbusypctA max qsize max qsize qsize Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1938 B Variable Data Files E 184 Displaying Chart Descriptions To display a chart description 1 2 In the tree view click the Charts item to expand it Double click the chart name The Ch
93. the constraint is infeasible OptQuest will tell you there is an infeasible constraint and will not start the optimization Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E If a constraint involves output variables it is called an output constraint When a constraint involves output variables a simulation must be run in order to determine feasibility of the constraint OptQuest cannot determine if every solution will produce an infeasible result If the constraint is infeasible using a solution suggested by OptQuest the result is marked as infeasible Y Note Constraints defined using only decision variables can narrow the search for the best solution thus improving OptQuest s performance Objectives Use the objective to define the objective of your optimization The objective is an expression that represent the model s objective such as minimizing queues or maximizing profits Displaying Objectives To display defined objectives In the tree view click the Objectives item to expand it A list of defined objectives displays in the tree view Adding Objectives You can use as many objective functions as you want To add an objective 1 Right click the Objectives item in the tree view and select Add Objective from the menu that displays A new objective is added to the tree view Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 3258 B Setting up the Optimization 2 Click the new objective The Properties win
94. the display of trace data you cannot enable network animation charts event queue or comment variables to display Clearing the Output Window You can clear or remove the results in the Output window so that the information in the window only applies to the current simulation If you want to save the results for a single simulation be sure to clear the Output window before the simulation or you will save the results from all simulations To clear the Output window From the Edit menu select Clear Output The Output window clears Saving the Results in the Output Window to a File You can save the results in the Output window to a text file To save the results in the Output window to a file 1 From the Edit menu select Save Output to File The Save As dialog box displays The default location for the file is the current Output directory and the default name is Output txt Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 167 8 E Viewing Scheduled Events During Simulation 2 Navigate to the folder where you want to save the file and enter the file name 3 Click Save The output file is saved and you can open it in any ASCII text editor Saving the Results in the Output Window to the Clipboard To save the results in the Output window to the clipboard 1 From the Edit menu select Copy Output to Clipboard The output file is copied to the Windows clipboard 2 Open the text editor you want to use to view the results and
95. the model components Variables including the tasks decision nodes Functions EAA Snapshots comments groups and subnetworks in the H Scenario Events task network and the variables functions EN ind Attributes snapshots scenario events entity attributes t A pi oie charts watches execution settings Animator Execution Settings components and OptQuest components t Animator HY OptQuest To expand a component in the tree view click the plus sign adjacent to the item To collapse a component click the minus sign adjacent to the item Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B Task Network Palette Task Network Palette n Output Window The Task Network palette displays the tools you use to construct the network diagram These include tools for adding networks comments groups and tasks To add one of these items to the network diagram you click the item and drag it onto the network You can then open a Description dialog box for the item and enter the defining parameters The relative position of the active display in the network diagram displays at the bottom of the palette and is outlined in blue green The Output window displays the trace of the execution which consists of the actions that occur when you run the model The clock times for beginning effects ending effects and scenario events are listed Application errors
96. this container the following elements exist as separate window panes Sections displays as an icon in the default configuration Event Queue Task Network Properties Window Tree View Palette Watches and Output You can move resize hide and dock all of the windows You may want to use different configurations during different stages of model development The screen layout is saved with the model Y Note You can restore the default window configuration at any time by selecting Layout from the View menu and then selecting Reset Layout The following illustration shows the components of the Micro Saint Sharp window Each of these components are described in greater detail in the remaining sections of this chapter Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B Title Bar Menu Bar Toolbar Micro Saint Sharp EmergencyRoom saint File Edit Execution Utilities View Animator Optimization Help 38H M3g 4 1BaNSOG o s Event Queue qi Task Network la Animator 4px a F a Ei Task Network Sections EQ patientilarrives 1 Icon P Begin lfect a patientllarrives 1 gt patientlfarrives 1 gt tub di ds S Ene Entity Tag E reevaluatellpatient 11 teml admitlipatient 12 dischargellpatient 13 af TESTS 14 assignittiage 2 registration 3 majorlltreatment 4 LaunchEffect Name patientllari
97. type For a description of charts see Types of Charts on page 189 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 185 M B Variable Data Files Notes Contains any notes regarding the chart Show Chart Click this button to display an example of the selected chart type Series List Tab The Series List tab contains the data series variables to be plotted and the display characteristic for the data points Each data series can have a unique color or pattern v Note You can also format the chart from the Chart display several additional parameters are available For details see Formatting Charts on page 199 i Task network B Chartt 4b x Name Chart GraphSeries B 186 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Series List tab GraphSeries Contains the list of the series to be plotted A series can be a variable or expression Each variable or expression that you enter constitutes a series To add a series click the Add button and enter the Name X Y Z Color and Shape To remove a series select it and click the Remove button You can include more than one graph series in a chart except for pie charts Y Note By default the Clock variable is plotted on the Y axis To change the variable that displays on the Y axis click the series in the tree view In the Properties win
98. unique Name Contains the name of the network To change the name click in the Name box and type the name of the network Notes Contains any notes about the network Entering notes is optional but notes can be useful for future reference To add notes click in the Notes box and then click the down facing arrow that displays Then type the notes in the text box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B BackgroundColor Controls the background color of the network icon To change the color click in the BackgroundColor box and then click the down facing arrow that displays Then select the new color BorderColor Controls the border color of the network icon To change the border color click in the BorderColor box and then click the down facing arrow that displays Then select the new color FontSize Displays the font size for the network name To change the font size click in the FontSize box and type the new size The network icon changes in size to accommodate the new font size FontType Controls the type of font used for the network name To change the font click in the FontType box and then click the down facing arrow that displays Then select the new font Shape Controls the shape of the network icon To change the shape of the network icon click in the Shape box and then click the down facing arrow that displays Then select the new shape TextColor Control
99. whether plugins were loaded successfully and the start and end of a simulation are also included Any syntax errors are indicated and you can use them for debugging purposes You can save the information in the Output window to a file or to the Windows clipboard and clear the information in the window before running a new simulation 3 eginningE fect 0 155540954087516 Driver Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 37m E Micro Saint Sharp Window Components Watches Window The Watches window displays the values of variables during model execution You select the variables that you want to display by creating a watch for the variable The variable name value and type are displayed Type System Double System Double System Double System Int32 Line Debugger Window Line Debugger x 11 ackBusy Entity Duration PackUtil PackBusy Clock Packers ProcUtil DispUtil RewkUtil ProcBusy Clock DispUtil Clock RewkBusy Clock The Line Debugger window is a separate window that you can use to increase the resolution of execution so that you can debug a model simulation When the Line Debugger window is open and you step through the model simulation execution occurs one line of code at a time When the Line Debugger window is not open and you step through simulation execution occurs one effect at a time rather than one line of code at a time You can only enable line debugging bet
100. 03 Binomial function 274 boolean variables 118 bubble charts 00005 190 buttons on toolbar adding default 53 customizing ys a Teri 51 removing default 53 C C syntax 0 0 eee ee 231 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index m cascading If statements 244 case sensitive names functlons shies eco SE 133 variables 02 005 116 Ceiling function 267 changing active window 47 levels in network diagram 79 charts adding to Animator display 222 adding to simulation 184 CITRUS RUE aan aaa S 189 DAL eri Baa oA atan GIA AM oe 190 bubble 022055 190 changing values in data editor 206 COntOUL cs coe A oe DE 191 copying sssssss eee 209 CUD E E 191 CUNG xu is eon PRESE BA man 192 curve area ow ee eee 192 data editor 206 deleting a 188 deleting from Animator display 222 disabling update during execution 170 displaying 184 186 displaying data editor 206 displaying defined 183 displaying descriptions 184 doughnut 193 editirig aah hate epee maa 188 enabling update during execution 170 financial 0 193 formatting 0000 199 formatting label text
101. 296 Showlmages function 297 Sign function aa 271 Sin function a 271 Sinh function 271 snap to grid network diagram 72 snapshots adding use etal eels ye 146 auto export 5 148 color in event queue window 168 deleting 0c eee eee 151 displaying defined 145 displaying descriptions 145 editirigs oer DLE ERU 150 enabling 0 eens 163 exporting 6 eee ee ee 63 Expressions tab 149 Names nA ets E eee 146 Notes tab 150 overview anaana 145 parameters 146 Properties tab 147 repeating sss sese 148 trigger ID 0 ee eee 148 371m m Index trigger type 147 sorted queue type 110 sorting items in properties window 35 speed factor suuuus 163 speed execution 177 spinner tasks 2 5 113 split entities 113 Sqrt function 271 standard deviation 105 Start function 262 Start ID execution settings 161 start node network diagram 77 StartID in Animator functions 282 starting model execution 175 starting OptQuest 319 status bar
102. 3 PolntList Nka etx Ds 282 printing display 229 properties window 214 Rf 2n k eba Sete este es 283 setting background 220 IC PAA AA 282 supported formats 218 text be Ane Eee ie Pies 283 tree view 2 ee 213 TypelD uev 281 using functions 226 WayPointID 0 281 WayPointIDList 283 357 m Index Widlli 5n uui yer i 283 X coordinate a 282 Y coordinate 0 282 Animator comments adding eee eee ee eee ee 225 displaying descriptions 225 editing in the Animator 225 overview 1 2 ee eee eee eee 224 Animator functions 281 angle parameter 283 ClearBackground 284 ColorFilter 0002 284 CommentlD parameter 282 Copylmage suus 285 CreateComment 285 Createlmage 286 CreatelmageAtWayPoint 287 CreateWayPoint 287 Duration parameter 282 EndID parameter 282 FollowPath aa 288 Getlmage es srna te n er kan 288 GetWayPoint 288 height parameter 283 HideComment 289 HideComments 289 Hidelmage ssss 289 Hidelmages 289 ImagelD parameter 281 MoveComment
103. 64 model information 63 queue information 63 snapshot data 63 snapshots automatically 148 task data aana 63 type of files 64 expressions adjustment operators 239 arithmetic operators 237 assignment operator 239 C syntax aa 231 cascading If statement 244 commas sess 235 comments 0 5 235 constants ad kambal 232 do statements 247 for loops a 246 foreach statements 249 functions tete et tree 234 if then else statements 242 logical operators 240 return statements 236 switch statements 247 variables 02 005 233 while statements 245 Expressions tab snapshots 149 extra namespaces 164 extra references 164 Extreme Value Type A distribution 304 Extreme Value Type B distribution 305 ExtremeValueTypeA function 275 ExtremeValueTypeB function 275 F FIFO queue type 110 financial charts aaau 193 363 m m index floating variables 118 floating windows 000 40 Floor function 0 269 flyover text eee 33 FollowPath function 288 font style for toolb
104. A distribution describes the limiting distribution of the extreme values of many types of samples Examples include parameters in growth models astronomy human lifetimes radioactive emissions strength of materials flood analysis seismic analysis and rainfall analysis The Extreme Value Type A distribution is a continuous distribution that is unbounded Its shape is always the same but it can be shifted or scaled to need It is also called the Gumbel distribution Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 13 Probability Distributions B Extreme Value Type B Syntax ExtremeValueTypeB mean standard deviation Applications The Extreme Value distribution describes the limiting distribution of the extreme values of many types of samples The Extreme Value Type B describes the limiting distribution for the owest value samples whereas the Extreme Value Type A distribution describes the limiting distribution for the highest value samples The Extreme Value Type B distribution is often used to represent parameters in growth models astronomy human lifetimes radioactive emissions strength of materials flood analysis seismic analysis and rainfall analysis Description The Extreme Value Type B distribution is a continuous distribution that is unbounded Its shape is always the same but it can be shifted or scaled to need It is also called the Gumbel distribution Gamma Distribution Syntax Gamma mean standard deviation
105. An IEnumerable containing the Unique IDs for way points W Angle Any angle negative or positive For example 500 180 and 1000 are all valid values B Width The width of the image in pixels m Height The height of the image in pixels W Text A string of text m Rft An instance of the RotateFlipType enum Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 283M B Animator Functions ClearBackground Syntax ClearBackground Description Clears the background of the Animator display Example Animator ClearBackground clears the Animator display background ColorFilter Syntax ColorFilter object imageID int red int green int blue ColorFilter object imageID Color color Description Applies a color filter to an image using the specified hues of red green and blue or the specified color Example Animator ColorFilter 3 0 0 O changes the image with ID 3 to black total absence of color Animator ColorFilter 3 Black colors the image with ID 3 to black E 284 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B CopyImage Syntax CopyImage object imageID float x float y CopyImage object imageID copied object ID float x float y Description Copies an image with the specified ID CopyImage object imageID float x float y copies the image sets the copied image s ID and places the image at the assigned x y coordinates CopyImage object imageID
106. Contains any expressions to run before the model starts For example if you are running a model that connects to an application on the internet you would enter the code that executes to connect to the external application Compiler Tab The Compiler tab contains settings for advanced users who want to use other d11s in their Micro Saint Sharp code Ta ork E Execution Settings dbx Extra Namespaces ka Extra References ka e Extra Namespaces Contains the namespaces to use from the loaded dlls such as System Drawing System Drawing Design and System Windows Forms Extra References Contains the names of the d11 files such as System Drawing dlland System Windows Forms dll Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model E Misc Tab The Misc tab contains settings for printing the task network diagram To print the network diagram and set other print properties see Printing the Task Network Diagram on page 86 Gay Task Network ES Execution Settings Data Compiler Print Header Text Print Zoom Level 0 9 Network Background Color Transparent v Notes Print Header Text Contains the text to print at the top of the network diagram Print Zoom Level Contains the zoom level for the network diagram e Network Background Color Specifies the background color for the network diagram e Notes Contains any notes regardin
107. D reflects the network hierarchy For example the first task in network 3 would have a default ID of 3 1 To change the last digit of the ID enter a new ID in the Item ID box ID numbers must be unique Item ID Contains the user defined ID for the task You can enter a different number but you can only use an ID that is not already in use TaskData Collection Enabled Controls whether task data is collected Select the check box to collect data on how long the task requires to execute For data to be collected you must also select Enable Task Data Collection in the Execution Settings dialog box see Enable Task Information Collection on page 7 6 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 101H B Tasks Main Tab The Main tab contains the release condition beginning effect ending effect and launch effect for the task GB Task Network Mi 4 gt x Item 1D 1 Main Timing Paths Queue Appearance and Notes Task Data Collection Enabled Iv Release Condition lireturn true Beginning Effect 1 LESSEE SSS Ending Effect i Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Main task tab v Note After you type the word Entity and the following period in an expression text box Micro Saint Sharp automatically displays a list of system and user defined entity attributes for selection Double click an attribute to select it Release Condition Cont
108. However it is employed as the function form of regions for fuzzy logic due to its ease of use The Triangular distribution is a continuous distribution that is bounded on both sides The Triangular distribution can take on very skewed forms including negative skewness For the exceptional cases where the mode is either the minimum or maximum the Triangular distribution becomes a right triangle Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 13 Probability Distributions B Weibull Distribution Syntax Weibull scale shape Applications The Weibull distribution is often used to model the strength of materials or the mean time to failure for a device Industrial applications of survival analysis often involve testing components to destruction after subjecting them to a stress which is assumed to speed up the aging process In particular the Weibull distribution 1s used to represent wear out lifetimes in reliability duration of industrial stoppages and thunderstorm data Description The Weibull distribution is a continuous distribution that is bounded on the lower side Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 313 E E Types of Probability Distributions m314 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 a 14 OptQuest In today s highly competitive global environment people are faced with many difficult decisions such as allocating financial resources building facilities managing inventories determining product mix strategies and
109. Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the event and select Delete Scenario Event from the menu that displays The scenario event is deleted Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Snapshots Snapshots record the values of particular variables at specified points during model execution The Snapshots window displays the snapshots that are defined to collect data for the current model A list of snapshots associated with the model displays in the tree view below the Snapshot node and in the Snapshots window You can display snapshot descriptions and add edit and delete snapshots Displaying Defined Snapshots To display defined snapshots In the tree view click the Snapshots item to expand it A list of defined snapshots displays in the tree view and in the Snapshots window in the main Document window The name trigger type and variables collected are listed TiggerType Veriables End fRun cars 1 cars 2 cars 3 tot cars pota pctB EnterQueue max qsize pct amp BU pctB Expression2 Displaying Snapshot Descriptions To display a snapshot description 1 In the tree view click the Snapshots item to expand it 2 Double click the snapshot name You can alternatively right click the snapshot in the tree view and select Edit Snapshot from the menu that displays The Snapshot Description dialog box displays in the main Document window
110. Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 289 W B Animator Functions E 290 MoveComment Syntax MoveComment object commentID float x float y Description Moves a comment box to a new location Example Animator MoveComment 3 10 20 moves the comment with the ID 3 to the coordinates 10 20 Movelmage Syntax Movelmage object imagelD float x float y float duration Movelmage object imageID object wayPointID float duration Description Moves an image to a specified x y coordinate or to a specified way point Example MoveImage 3 10 20 5 moves the image with the ID 3 to the coordinates 10 20 over a period of five time units default is seconds if the model is set to run in real time MoveImage 3 4 5 moves the image with the ID 3 to way point 4 over a period of five time units the default is seconds if the model is set to run in real time MovelmageDown Syntax MovelmageDown object imageID Description Moves an image down one layer All images have a Z property which is the order that images are on top of each other Images with a lower Z property are closer to the bottom Example Animator MoveImageDown 2 moves image 2 down one layer Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B MoveImageUp Syntax MovelmageUp object imageID Description Moves an image up one layer All images have a Z property which is the order that images are on top of
111. Triangular E 300 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 13 Probability Distributions B The equations defining the probability distributions use several parameters In addition to the more common statistical variables such as mean and standard deviation the following parameters are used W Ascale parameter determines the scale of measurement of the values in the range of distribution A change in the scale parameter compresses or expands the distribution without altering its basic form W A shape parameter determines the basic form or shape of a distribution within the general family of distributions of interest A change in the shape parameter generally alters the properties of a distribution such as skewness more than a change in location or scale Some distributions do not have a shape parameter while others may have several References for Probability Distributions The following section describes the probability distributions provided by Micro Saint Sharp The descriptions are used with the permission of Stat Fit and are modified from the following sources m Johnson N L Kotz Samuel Balakrishnan 1994 Continuous Univariate Distributions Volume 1 John Wiley amp Sons W Johnson N L Kotz Samuel Kemp A W 1992 Univariate Discrete Distributions John Wiley amp Sons B Law A M and Kelton W D 1991 Simulation Modeling a Analysis McGraw Hill m Shooman M L 1990 Probabilistic Reliabil
112. WallClock 000 200 ee 265 Weibull 000220 280 G gamma distribution 305 Gamma function 276 gantt charts oeisio cererii iana 194 General tab charts 200 geometric distribution 306 Geometric function 276 Getlmage function 288 GetWayPoint function 288 global variables 233 graph series aaa 187 graphical network diagram copying 81 group attribute 128 groups changing icon appearance 98 creating aa 95 96 overview aanu sse 95 properties res ieri dat 97 style of icon 98 ungrouping a 99 365 m m Index H Halt function aaa anan uaaa 257 hardware key 002 eee eee 13 height in Animator 283 heuristic defined 347 HideComment function 289 HideComments function 289 Hidelmage function 289 Hidelmages function 289 hiding windows 002000 44 ID attribute 0 128 IEEERemainder function 269 lEnumerable 005 281 if then else statements 242 ImagelD in Animator functions 281 ImagelDs in Animator functions 281 ImagelDs parameter 281 images in Anima
113. You can only create a watch for a defined variable If you enter the name of an undefined variable the watch is ignored You can enter specific array values for a variable name For example if you have an array named ArrayName in the task network you can specify a particular item in the array such as ArrayName 5 For the purpose of a watch the indexer must be a numerical value and not a variable for example ArrayName Variable is not valid The watch is added to the list of watches in the tree view and the Properties window displays In the Notes box in the Properties window enter any notes regarding the watch The next time you execute the model the values of the variable display in the Watches window Editing Watches To edit a watch 1 In the tree view click the Watches node to expand it and then click the watch to edit The Properties window for the watch displays Make your changes Deleting Watches To delete a watch 1 In the tree view click the Watches node to expand it and then click the watch to delete Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the watch and select Delete Watch from the menu that displays The watch is deleted Functions Custom or user defined functions are useful when you need to perform the same calculation or procedure several times in a model Instead of retyping th
114. ables in a snapshot file when triggered by specified events select the check box to collect snapshots You create snapshots in the Snapshots Description dialog box see Adding Snapshots on page 146 Y Note Collecting data can slow down system performance particularly when you have several snapshots You may want to disable all data collection until you are specifically interested in collecting the data e Enable Layout Change Controls whether the window configuration automatically changes from the Edit to Execution configuration during model execution select the check box to enable automatic change For additional details see Window Configurations on page 39 Speed Factor Controls the speed of the simulation for realtime mode simulation A 2 speed factor means the speed is twice as fast as real time and a 5 speed factor means the speed is half as fast as real time Valid values are any real number Y Note The speed factor only functions when the model is run in Realtime mode see page 161 The simulation speed setting on the Micro Saint Sharp toolbar works in conjunction with the Speed factor set in the Execution Preferences dialog box For example if you enter a speed factor of 2 in the Execution Preferences dialog box and select 20096 from the toolbar the net speed factor is four Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 163 M B Editing Execution Settings E 164 Initialization Code
115. add watches for any variables Way points allow you to specify multiple paths from a given point And finally charts allow you to dynamically monitor data as it is recorded during the simulation You can use Animator functions to manipulate the images image text background way points and comments You can copy and paste the Animator display into another application and print the display Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 211 B Animator Window Overview Y Note Animator is not automatically included with Micro Saint Sharp you must purchase the Animator module separately Animator Window Overview The Animator window consists of the container window with the following components main Animator window Animator palette tree view Animator menu Properties window and status bar Micro Saint Sharp MfgTut saint Gl x File Edit Execution Utilities View Animator Help ABQH A aG PIG O i s Gay Task Network fli Animator Properties amp sm suones Dy Animator Menu Properties Window Animator Palette Animator Window O ax c Palette P Tree view Real Time Off Run Number Clock NA i212 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 10 Animator Bi Animator Window The Animator window is the main window where you construct and view the Animator diagram You create the diagram by adding images charts comm
116. ains an expression that determines whether the task can execute A task can only execute when the release condition value is nonzero or true The default valueis return true i 102 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B You should exercise caution when adding expressions to a release condition for two reasons First a lockout condition can occur when a release condition is never met the task is Locked out of the model When this occurs you receive a Job can never be released message when the model ends and a task is still waiting for its release condition to be met Second it is very important that the release condition be used only for evaluating whether a job can be executed rather than to initialize or set variables This is because the release condition can be evaluated many times before a job is executed causing all expressions in the release condition to be executed multiple times before the task actually is released or started For this reason you should not use the release condition to increment variables or to initialize the Entity Tag attribute These sorts of expressions should be placed in the beginning effect Beginning Effect Contains expressions indicating what happens when the task begins execution The task execution time or the Entity Duration is calculated after the beginning effect occurs You must include a return statement in the statements defining the beginning effect
117. al 1 12 Model Resume key val resumes any entities with a group value of 3 and a tag value of 12 If key 0 Group key 1 ID val 0 3 and val 1 12 then Model Resume key val resumes any entities with a group value of 3 in task ID 12 Run Number Syntax RunNumber Description Returns the current run number Do not use parentheses after RunNumber Example In the example MyRun Model RunNumber the variable MyRun will store the current run number This is useful for snapshots of multiple runs Send External Variable Syntax SendExternalVariable variable name Description Sends a variable to an external connected program This only occurs if Micro Saint Sharp is started or owned by another application Example Model SendExternalVariable MyRun Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 261H E Model Functions Start Syntax Description Example Stop Syntax Description Example E 262 Start ID tag number Start Entity Variable Starts the entity specified by the tag number in the specified task Model Start 2 2 starts the entity with the tag value 2 in task ID 2 TempEnt Model CreateEntity TempEnt Tag 3 TempEnt ID 2 Start TempEnt starts the entity with the tag value 3 in task ID 2 Stop key value Stops all entities matched by the key value pair The key parameter can be a default entit
118. an effect of the task starting to execute It is similar to a beginning effect except that it is evaluated after the task s execution time has been calculated The launch effect was created to provide a place for Animator function calls which often use entity attribute Entity Duration as their time parameter Because it stores the execution time for the current task Entity Duration is not valid in a beginning effect Network A sequential relationship of jobs tasks and subnetworks that simulate a system activity or process You create the network by drawing a network diagram and you use variables to simulate the effects of the tasks on other tasks and on the system Network Diagram A graphical depiction of a model network showing the sequence of tasks and subnetworks queues and the possible paths through the network You draw the network diagram using the tools in the network diagram palette Path A sequential connection between two Jobs tasks or subnetworks so that one follows another under certain specified conditions You draw the paths with the Path tool then specify the conditions or probabilities for taking each path when you define the routing from each task to its possible following jobs Queue A waiting area in front of a task or subnetwork where entities accumulate while they are waiting to execute the job Each time the release condition for the job becomes true an entity can be released from the queue i
119. an the main task network The subnetwork can contain all the same elements as the main network tasks paths decisions queues and subnetworks at a still lower level When an entity traveling through the model is released into a subnetwork it starts at the first task in the subnetwork and proceeds through the subnetwork in the same way that it would proceed through the main network Multiple entry and exits are allowed into each network Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 19H B Elements of a Micro Saint Sharp Model E 20 Entities Entities are the conceptual objects that travel through a task network and are used to track the objects that move through the system Default entity attributes include the ones in the following list You can also create your own entity attributes Entity Duration records the time each entity spends in the current task or queue WB Entity Group records the group identity of the entity being processed W Entity ID records the task number in which the entity is in W Entity Tag records the identity of each entity when you have multiple entities traveling through a network WB Entity Time tracks the closest scheduled event time for the entity B Entity Type records the event type for which entity is scheduled Event types can be one time or repeating B Entity UniquelID maintains the unique ID for the entity as defined by Micro Saint Sharp Variables Var
120. and standard deviation and number of times a task was performed W Queue information files record the queue ID queue name and number of times an entity entered the queue Also recorded are the minimum maximum and mean time standard deviation that the entity spent in the queue and the minimum maximum and mean time standard deviation that the entity spent waiting in the queue before being allowed to execute the task W Snapshot data files contain the values of selected variables at specified times during model execution You can save trace data file to a t xt file for additional analysis You can export task information queue information and snapshot data files from Micro Saint Sharp in xm1 format and open them in another application such as Excel for analysis You can also save snapshot files as res files which are tab delimited ASCII text files You can additionally use the Chart feature in Micro Saint Sharp to chart the values of variables as a function of the clock value or any other variable as the model is executing Micro Saint Sharp provides twenty different chart types that you can use for data analysis You can format print copy and paste charts and save charts as an image file Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 23 E How to Create a Model How to Create a Model This section presents an overview of the modeling process and provides some tips and pertinent questions to help make sure you are on the right track
121. and the associated Properties window for the event displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 145 E B Snapshots Adding Snapshots To add a snapshot l Inthe tree view right click the Snapshots node or any existing snapshot and select Add Snapshot from the menu that displays The snapshot is added to the list of snapshots in the tree view and the Snapshot Properties windows displays The snapshot is assigned the name SnapshotN where N is the next available integer 2 Inthe tree view double click the snapshot name to open the Snapshot Description dialog box 3 Enter the parameters defining the snapshot Parameters are described in the following section Snapshot Parameters Snapshot parameters are included in three tabs the Properties tab the Expressions tab and the Notes tab The Snapshot name displays at the top of each tab You can change the name from the default Snapshot names must begin with a letter or underscore and can be followed by zero or more letters numbers and underscore characters Spaces are not allowed Snapshot names are case sensitive B 146 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Properties Tab The Properties tab contains the trigger type trigger ID trigger time repeating intervals and stop time for the snapshot The tab additionally contains settings to automatically export the snapshot results and indicate the export location Task Network Sn
122. apshot1 ae Properties Expressions Notes Trigger Type ii Trigger ID Trigger Time Repeating Repeating Interval Stop Stop Time Of fe Auto Export FileName 0 K Program Files MAAD Micro Saint Sharp Snapshot1 res Browse Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Properties tab Trigger Type Contains the condition to trigger the snapshot Selections available from the drop down list box include the following Begin Task Triggers the snapshot at the beginning of the task End Task Triggers the snapshot at the end of the task Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 147 E B Snapshots B 148 Clock Triggers the snapshot at a specific time The system variable Clock is automatically included in every snapshot description that you add but you can delete it Enter Queue Triggers the snapshot as the queue is entered Depart Queue Triggers the snapshot as the queue is departed End of Run Triggers the snapshot at the end of the run Trigger ID For triggering tasks or queues this field contains the number of the task or queue Trigger Time Contains the starting time if the snapshot has a clock trigger Repeating Select this check box for the snapshot to be repeating When you select this check box the Repeat interval field is enabled it contains the repeat interval Stop check box Select this check box if the snapsh
123. ar 57 for ol AA Maes ee tea 246 foreach statements 249 foreground color of toolbar 57 formatting NA bees 199 label text on charts 207 legend box on charts 208 functions Abom AA te 255 Abort array 00 ee eee 255 ADS sf eter Bia ee Res 266 No eate ove Rr 266 addirig seo erre IE 133 VOCI ME E 266 ALAN 2 35 vina teli ius cues 267 Atanz sco IG os Naa NG Re mapa 267 Beep maha RS 256 Bernoulli a 273 Betah ARA 274 BlgMul 1a KAN kn haaha 267 Binomial amn aero kek 274 AT AA 267 ClearBackground 284 COOG As tok entrees S RNC 134 ColorFilter 284 constants 266 Copylmage 0005 285 COS hee Ee ste ean es 268 COSI rere na PS 268 CreateComment 285 CreateEntity 256 Createlmage 286 CreatelmageAtWayPoint 287 CreateWayPoint 287 deleting aa 138 Direction a 256 m 364 DiscreteUniform 274 displaying defined 132 displaying descriptions 132 Distance anann 257 distribution 272 DivRem sssssssss 268 editing sor ots Hotes Orosius 138 EEX Sakon cee tase tants P E 268 Exponential 275 ExtremeValueTypeA 275 FIOOK bag fos teed die PRINS 269 FollowPath
124. arameters are labeled as Data Shaping 1 2 and 3 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 105 M B Tasks Paths Tab The Paths tab contains the Decision Type and Decision Code describing the conditions under which particular paths are taken Micro Saint Sharp uses three different decision types tactical probabilistic or multiple The decision type determines the path or paths that an entity should take Decision nodes display with a diamond shape in the task network diagram and contain a letter inside of it T P or M indicating the type of decision Decision nodes are automatically added to a task by Micro Saint Sharp Whenever a task has more than one possible path emerging from it the logic for the Decision code determines the paths that the entity takes amp Task Network a a SMS Nang a Pe f D Item ID no 1 Main Timing ueue Appearance and Notes Decision Type Multiple ra 2 a Decision Code lireturn true 4 ra dm Decision Code lireturn true B 106 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Paths tab Y Note After you type the word Entity and the following period in any expression text box Micro Saint Sharp automatically displays a list of system and user defined entity attributes for selection Double click an attribute to select it
125. art Description dialog box displays in the Chart window and the associated Properties window for the chart displays Adding Charts To add a chart 1 In the tree view right click the Chart node or any existing chart and select Add Chart from the menu that displays Micro Saint Sharp automatically numbers the chart and adds it to the tree view below the Charts node To display the chart description double click the chart name in the tree view The Chart Description dialog box displays The dialog box contains two tabs Properties and Series List Enter the chart parameters Parameters are defined in the following section Format the chart For details see Formatting Charts on page 199 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Chart Parameters The chart name displays at the top of the Chart Description dialog box Additional parameters are contained on the Properties and Series List tab Following is a description of the chart parameters Use a name that is descriptive of the chart for example Line Graph for PercentA Properties Tab The Chart Properties tab contains the chart type and any notes regarding the chart amp Task Network cy Chart1 dbx Name Chart aE Properties Series List Chart Type i Notes B Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Chart Properties tab e Chart Type Displays the selected chart
126. at each step It also emphasizes the early steps to perform before you begin building the model in Micro Saint Sharp If you work through the tutorials provided on the Micro Saint Sharp CD you will perform most of the standard model building steps described here While the steps in this list are numbered keep in mind that the modeling process is iterative You may go back and forth between various steps in the process as new ideas occur to you and you may go through several revisions of the model before you reach a final version There is no one correct sequence that you need to follow In general however you develop a model through the following process 1 Determine the questions you want to answer Before you start building a model be sure to think about what it 1s you are trying to determine If you try to model the entire manufacturing process at your plant when all you really need to do is determine how many of a certain type of machine you need you will expend a lot of extra effort Build the model to answer your questions rather than thinking of the questions after you build it 2 Analyze the process you want to model Before you can draw a diagram of the process you need to understand the process thoroughly Determine what tasks are involved in the process the sequence in which they are performed what resources they use whether there are any restrictions on when they can be performed and how they affect the overall system
127. at you want to display on the task network diagram The Comment box automatically resizes to contain the text ID Contains the Micro Saint Sharp defined ID number for the comment Micro Saint Sharp automatically assigns the next available number when a new comment is created The ID reflects the network hierarchy To change the last digit of the Micro Saint Sharp ID enter a new ID in the Item ID box Item ID Contains the user defined ID for the task Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 153 B Comments Variables Tab The Variables tab contains a list of variables to display in the Comment box on the task network diagram during model execution As examples you might want to display the rate of entities arriving at a task and the size of a queue as the model executes iy Task Network i Commen Idx Name Comment ID 14 z lt 5 vj Item ID 14 lt Variables Appearance and Notes l Variables Following is a detailed description of the parameter in the Variables tab Variables Contains a list of variables to display during model execution in the Comments box To add a variable click the Add button and enter the expression or variable name To remove a variable select it and click the Remove button B 154 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components BH Appearance and Notes Tab The Appearance and Notes tab contains the factors controlling the st
128. ation From the View menu select Layout and then select Execution A check mark displays adjacent to the Execution label to show it is selected Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 39M E Manipulating Windows You can set the change between Edit and Execution mode to occur automatically when you run the model using the Enable Layout Change setting in the Execution Settings Properties window For details see page 163 Manipulating Windows E 40 Micro Saint Sharp uses a docking manager interface made available by Microsoft NET Framework This type of interface provides a parent container window for two types of windows Document and Tool windows These windows share some properties but also have unique properties of their own Document windows are dynamically created when you open or create files or other items Document windows consist of the Task Description window and the associated dialog boxes for a selected variable function snapshot entity attribute and chart Document windows can be docked and can be displayed in a vertical or horizontal tabbed format m Tool windows are defined by Micro Saint Sharp and consist of the Task Network Event Queue Sections Tree View Property Output Watches Tool Palette and Line Debugging windows Tool windows can be floating can be docked hidden displayed in a vertical or horizontal tabbed format and have the auto hide property Floating Windows When a window is float
129. atterns indicate areas that are in the same range of values similar to a topographic map Series 1 i series 2 Series 3 B 198 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Formatting Charts The charting algorithm used in Micro Saint Sharp is integrated from tools provided by Chart FX for NET Chart FX provides a wide variety of options for formatting charts Formatting options include the General Series and Y Axis tab in the Chart Properties dialog box formatting the labels on the axes adding or removing the Data Editor and positioning and formatting the legend Many of these options are also available on the Chart toolbar To display the Chart toolbar right click anywhere in the chart and select Toolbar To format a chart 1 Right click anywhere on the data series and select Properties from the menu that displays The Properties dialog box displays with the Series tab in front Three tabs are available General Series and Y Axis 2 Make the formatting changes and click Apply Parameters are described in the following section 3 Close the Properties dialog box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 199 B B Variable Data Files E 200 General Tab The General tab in the Chart Properties dialog box contains settings that control the colors effects and 3D elements Properties olx Stacked iih Side by Sid Axes
130. attribute 1 E 124 In the tree view right click the Entity Attributes node or any existing entity attribute and select Add Entity Attribute from the menu that displays The Add Entity Attribute dialog box displays Add Entity Attribute x Please enter the name of the new entity attribute Type an entity attribute name and click OK Attribute names must begin with a letter or underscore and can be followed by zero or more letters numbers and underscore characters Entity attribute names are case sensitive The OK button remains disabled if you enter an invalid name or the name of an already existing attribute The attribute is added to the list of attributes in the tree view and the Properties window displays In the tree view double click the attribute name to open the Attribute Description dialog box Enter the attribute parameters to define the attribute Parameters are described in the following section Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Entity Attribute Parameters The parameters used to define an entity attribute include the entity type the initial value whether the entity 1s an array indexes for an array whether the entity attribute should display in the Event Queue and whether the entity attribute is used in comparison functions GB Task Network B Entity 2 4 x Name Entiy 2 Type Integer ba Arbitrary Type Initial Value
131. be 0 0 Center Y Displays the y coordinate position for the center of the way point Layer Displays the z coordinate position for the way point Notes Displays any notes regarding the way point Unique ID The unique ID for the way point Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 223 E Comments Background Color Displays the background color for the way point Border Color Displays the border color for the way point Font Size Displays the font size for the way point Font Type Displays the font face for the way point Text Color Displays the text color for the way point Deleting Way Points To delete a way point 1 Select the way point 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the way point in the Animator display and select Delete Object from the menu that displays Comments You can use comments to add clarification to the Animator display and to display values of variables on the Animator display as the model runs For example you could place the name description and last revision date of the animation as a title on the Animator display You can position comments in the same manner as any other items on the Animator display A list of comments associated with the Animator displays in the tree view below the Animator node You can display comment descriptions and add edit and delete comments E 224 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 10 Animator Bi
132. be used Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 309 E E Types of Probability Distributions Pareto Distribution Syntax Applications Description Pareto minimum scale The Pareto distribution has historically been used to represent the income distribution of a society It is also used to model many empirical phenomena with very long right tails such as city population sizes occurrence of natural resources stock price fluctuations size of firms brightness of comets and error clustering in communication circuits The Pareto distribution is a continuous distribution that is bounded on the lower side It has a finite value at the minimum x and decreases monotonically for increasing X Pearson Type 5 Distribution Syntax Applications Description E 310 PearsonTypeS scale shape The Pearson Type 5 distribution is useful for modeling time delays where some minimum delay value is almost assured and the maximum time is unbounded and variably long Examples include the time to complete a difficult task time to respond to an emergency and time to repair a tool and so on The Pearson Type 5 distribution is a continuous distribution that is bounded on the lower side The Pearson Type 5 distribution is sometimes called the Inverse Gamma distribution due to the reciprocal relationship between a Pearson Type 5 random variable and a Gamma random variable The Pearson Type 5 distribution starts slowly near its minim
133. box move the green dot on the sphere to the location for the axis of rotation Alternatively you can enter the x y coordinates for the rotation in the X and Y text boxes Cluster Z axis Controls whether series are clustered in cases where you have multiple series on one chart If you select this check box each data series occupies one row of data and there will be n rows z axis clusters in the chart where n is the number of series Area charts are always clustered because there is no way to display different series side by side However if you have a bar chart you can display the bars side by side and not clustered in the z axis e X Controls the 3D rotation angle around the X axis Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 201 E B Variable Data Files E 202 Y Controls the 3D rotation angle around the Y axis Series Tab The Series tab in the Chart Properties dialog box contains settings that control the style of the series You can set the properties for each series individually or for all series To set the properties for a single series move the mouse cursor over the series before you open the Properties dialog box To set the properties for all series move the mouse cursor over a general area of a chart that is not the plot of a series Properties BEI x v ass General All Series CT E E a Gallery Ee Line Shape Bb T Point Labels Size fa z v Same color lines
134. c edit commands such as Copy Cut Paste and commands for adding elements to the task network diagram such as Add Task Add Comment and Add Network Vv Note Most of the Edit commands are also available when you right click the mouse either in the task network diagram or tree view m The Execution menu includes commands controlling execution such as Begin Step and Halt Simulation W The Utilities menu contains commands to display trace data charts and the event queue and to enable animation Commands for updating comment variables controlling execution speed grouping and ungrouping objects aligning objects and viewing the model in HTML format are also included W The View menu contains commands to zoom the display display different windows reset the screen layout and reset the toolbars to the default configuration Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B W The Optimization menu contains commands to start and Halt an optimization W The Help menu contains commands to display version information and to open online help Toolbar The Micro Saint Sharp toolbar displays below the menu bar and provides access to commonly used commands By default these include the following New Model Open Model Save Model Cut Copy Paste Check for Errors Begin Simulation Pause Simulation Step Simulation Halt Simulation Simulation Speed and Clear Output 83H
135. change the ID enter a new ID in the Item ID box Item ID Contains the user defined ID for the group You can enter a different number Style section Contains parameters controlling the physical appearance of the group For details on these parameters see Network Parameters on page 92 Notes Contains any notes about the group Entering notes is optional but notes can be useful for future reference i 98 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components BI Tasks Ungrouping Objects You can ungroup the objects contained within a group To ungroup objects 1 2 In the task network diagram click the group From the Utilities menu select UnGroup Object Alternatively you can right click the mouse and select Ungroup Objects from the menu that displays The tasks are ungrouped You will need to reposition the tasks to the correct locations A task is the basic building block of a model and contains timing information execution constraints effects of the task on the system and routing information A list of tasks associated with the model displays in the tree view below the Task Network node You can display task descriptions and add edit and delete tasks Displaying Task Descriptions To display a task description On the task network diagram double click the task You can alternatively right click the task in the tree view and select Object Description from the menu tha
136. construct the task network diagram and view the model execution ea Task Network 4 Minor Mm Treatment Room 4 Registration 3 4 Evaluate Condition 2 5D t y Patient Arrives 1 4 3 Major To Treatment Room 5 See Nurse b Yu Admitto q Hospital 11 Discharge 12 See Doctor 7 4 i 34 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B Event Queue Window The Event Queue window displays the list of events as they occur during model execution These include the execution of tasks and scheduled events You create the scheduled events for the simulation Scheduled events can be one time events or they can repeat at regular intervals The group ID tag and time and type of event displays Beginning effects are highlighted in navy ending effects are in green suspended beginning effects are in blue and suspended ending effects are in lime Evaluate queue is in fuchsia leaving queue is in purple and waiting without queue is in red And finally scenario events are in yellow and snapshots are in maroon Properties Window Properties Patient Antves 1 ox e m El Data Entity Arrive Cl v EndEffect Entity Tag 1 Launche ffect ReleaseCondition El Data Collection QueueDataCollectionE True TaskDataCollectionEne True El Misc ItemID 1 Name Patient Arrives Notes El Paths Deci
137. copied object ID float x float y copies the image assigns it the specified ID and places the image at the assigned x y coordinates Example Animator CopyImage 2 10 20 copies the image with ID 2 and places it at the coordinate 10 20 Animator CopyImage 2 3 10 20 copies the image with ID 2 assigns it to image ID 3 and places it at the coordinate 10 20 CreateComment Syntax CreateComment float x float y CreateComment float x float y object text Description Creates a comment in the Animator display Returns the assigned comment ID Example x Animator CreateComment 10 20 creates a comment at the coordinates 10 20 x will be equal to the created comment s new ID value x Animator CreateComment 10 20 Here s a comment creates a comment at the coordinates 10 20 with the text Here s a comment x will be equal to the created comment s new ID value Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 285 W B Animator Functions CreateImage Syntax Description Example E 286 Createlmage object imageTypelID object objectID float x float y Createlmage object imageTypelD float x float y Creates an image in the Animator display using one of the images in the Animator palette Createlmage object imageTypelID object objectID float x float y creates an image in the Animator display assigns the image an ID and places the image at the specified x y coordinates
138. cription Terminates the model execution immediately Also see Halt on page 257 Example Model Kill Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 257m B Model Functions Message Syntax Description Example Pause Syntax Description Example E 258 Message expression to evaluate value 1 value 2 value 3 Message value Displays a dialog box with the specified information Model Message i 3 x y z displays a dialog box with the values for x y and z ifi is equal to 3 Model Message I m Here displays a dialog box with the phrase I m Here Example of message Mise 2 dialog box showing Value 3 12 value 1 value 2 and value 3 Pause Pauses the model execution This function is useful for debugging models Place the Pause function in a task before a known error and then run the model The model executes in a single step fashion immediately before the error occurs Model Pause Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Print Output Syntax PrintOutput value Description Writes a message to the Output window Example Model PrintOutput In task 2 Beginning effect Random Syntax Random minimum maximum Random Description Returns a random number between the two numbers you supply or returns a random number between 0 and 1 including 0 and excluding 1 Example Model Random 2 4 returns a random
139. cro Saint Sharp you begin work by creating a new model or opening an existing one To create a new model 1 Ifthe task network diagram is not displayed select Window from the View menu and then select Task Network A blank network diagram displays A new model is assigned the name Untitled saint until you save it with a new name 2 From the File menu select Save Model As or click the Save button on the Main toolbar The Save Model As dialog box displays 3 Ifnecessary change the directory where you want to save the file 4 Inthe File name text box type a file name and click Save Micro Saint Sharp automatically assigns model files the extension saint Y Note You can also use the Save As command to make a backup copy of a model Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 5 Basic Procedures Bl Opening Existing Models You can open any existing model in a few simple steps Micro Saint Sharp lists the four models you have most recently opened under the Recent Files command To open a recent model 1 From the File menu select Recent Models The last four models appear in chronological order with the most recently opened file at the bottom of the list 2 Select the model The model opens To open a model not on the list 1 From the File menu select Open Model or click the Open Model button on the Main toolbar The Open Task Network dialog box displays listing the models in the current dire
140. ct is automatically selected Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 6 Network Diagram B Changing Network Levels To move down a network level On the task network diagram double click the network A new task network window opens displaying the network To move up a network level Click the Task Network or Network tab at the top of the network diagram window The selected network level displays Opening Another View of the Network Diagram You can open another window with the network diagram so that you can have two different view of the same task network open at the same time This can be particularly useful when you are working with large or complicated diagrams want to open some grouped objects or you would like to have different parts of the diagram at different zoom levels To open another task network view In the network diagram right click the mouse and select Add Task Network View from the menu that displays A second task network diagram window opens Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 79 E B Editing Text and Objects Editing Text and Objects E 80 With Micro Saint Sharp tools you can select text or a network diagram object such as a task path network comment or group Once selected you can copy delete and paste text and objects Selecting Text or Objects Before you can edit text or objects you must first select them You can select a text string or an object such as a task or network
141. ct Auto Arrange Network Micro Saint Sharp rearranges the network diagram mg 74 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 6 Network Diagram B Drawing Paths Paths connect tasks and networks on the network diagram Paths control the flow of execution during the simulation To draw a path 1 Do one of the following e Fora task move the cursor over the decision icon for the task that is the start point for the path The decision icon is shaped like a diamond and displays on the right side of the task icon e For a network move the cursor over the right most edge of the network icon that is the start point for the path The cursor changes from a pointer to a hand 2 Left click the mouse and while pressing the mouse button draw the path to the destination task or network 3 Release the mouse button The path displays The path is marked with an arrow at the endpoint to show the path direction Y Note To draw a path that re enters the task click the decision icon for the task A circular path displays at the top of the task icon Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 75M E Working With Network Objects M76 Displaying Path Logic You can display the dialog box that describes the logic or code for a path Path logic is contained in the Tasks Paths tab For additional details see Paths Tab on page 106 To display path logic 1 Click the path Small green squares and diamonds displa
142. ctions Model functions control model execution and can perform actions such as halt pause abort or suspend All Model functions start with the word Model followed by a period and then followed by the function name such as Model Halt v Note Function names are case sensitive For some of the model functions you supply an attribute for the entity The attribute can be a default attribute or a user defined attribute Default attributes consist of the following W Entity Duration records the task execution time for the entity E Fntity Tag records the tag ID number of the entity The Entity Tag value is an integer that records the identity of each entity when multiple entities travel through a network Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 2538 B Model Functions E 254 Entity Group is similar to the Entity Tag attribute but is used to control groups of tasks For example the aircraft in a simulation are given assigned tag values but have scanning tasks that are assigned to a tank commander gunner and the loader When an aircraft is detected you want to stop the scanning tasks and react to the hostile aircraft Using the attribute Entity Group you can label the tank commander s scanning task as Entity Group 1 the gunner as Entity Group 2 and the loader as Entity Group 3 Then you can control whether the group of tasks are active through group attributes As with the Entity Tag
143. ctory 2 From the Files of type list make sure that Saint files is selected Only the files of the type you select display 3 Ifnecessary change to the directory containing the model 4 Select the model from the listing of models or type the name of the file in the File name box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 61H E Working with Models M62 5 Click Open Micro Saint Sharp opens the model you selected v Note You can only open one model at a time in Micro Saint Sharp but you can open multiple instances of Micro Saint Sharp Opening Models From Previous Versions of Micro Saint You can open Micro Saint models in Micro Saint Sharp that were created in Micro Saint versions 4 0 and 4 1 Micro Saint Sharp will automatically convert the models to the new format To open a model from a previous Micro Saint version 1 From the Micro Saint Sharp File menu select Open The Open dialog box displays 2 From the Files of Type list box select mod 3 Locate and select the file 4 Click Open The file is converted to Micro Saint Sharp format and displays in the Micro Saint Sharp window The conversion may take a few minutes depending on the complexity of the model Saving Models As you work on a model save frequently do not wait until you finish working By saving the model frequently you reduce the amount of work lost in the event of a power failure or other unforeseen problem Micro Saint Sharp User G
144. de 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E OptQuest repeats this process The ultimate goal is to find the solution that optimizes maximizes or minimizes the value of the model s objective Elements of an OptQuest Optimization Model An optimization model in OptQuest for Micro Saint Sharp has three major elements m Decision variables Decision variables are quantities over which you have control such as the amount of product to make the number of dollars to allocate among different investments or which operational rules to select from a limited set m Constraints Constraints describe relationships among decision variables that restrict the values of the decision variables For example a constraint might ensure that the total amount of money allocated among various investments cannot exceed a specified amount or might ensure that no more than one operational rule from a certain group can be selected B Objective The objective presents a mathematical representation of the optimization model s objective such as maximizing profit or minimizing cost in terms of the decision variables Overview of Using OptQuest To use OptQuest 1 Create a simulation model with Micro Saint Sharp 2 Prepare the model for optimization For details see Preparing the Model on page 318 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 317 E E Preparing the Model 3 Setup the optimization Select model variables to use in the optimization De
145. decision variables W Continuous Only continuous decision variables m Mixed Both discrete and continuous decision variables E 346 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E Decision Variable A variable or resource in your model that you control After you define the decision variables in your simulation model you can select which decision variables to optimize in OptQuest The values of these decision variables will change with each simulation until OptQuest finds values that yield the best objective For some analyses you might fix the values of certain decision variables and optimize the rest Heuristic An approximate and self educating technique for improving solutions to complex problems A heuristic may be a rule of thumb simplification or educated guess that reduces or limits the search for solutions to problems Heuristics do not guarantee optimal or even feasible solutions Linear A formula or equation in which all variables are only multiplied by constants not by other variables including themselves For example 3x 1 2y isa linear relationship since both the first and second term only involve a constant multiplied by a variable OptQuest can handle linear or nonlinear objectives Metaheuristic A family of optimization approaches that includes Scatter search genetic algorithms simulated annealing Tabu search and their hybrids Multiobjective Optimization A technique that comb
146. did Pe VE 268 COS tot ket ah Pha Bagot AE 268 DivRem aa 268 EXD ener tuebeive aes aia 268 POO e stone aci c eet n 269 IEEERemainder 269 MOG E E 269 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 LOG TO 25 e n hn prine 269 Maa a kk a akan ok NAG 270 MIN i ore aee bet bres 270 Overview a 265 POW urbe Na us 270 Rond m6 rr opt ELO AGE 270 SIGN iai seraient eere entra 271 Oll nA esM CE TL aano E Bud 271 Sinh oe sees 271 UP ent ha en UE Aene Pe cC 271 Tfl iex EISE RPM 272 Tan ALE a rece 272 Max function 005 270 mean time nunnana 000 eee 105 menu bar zi oer hares ow NA 32 Message function 258 metaheuristic defined 347 metaheuristics 340 Min function 005 270 model execution pausing eee eee 175 resuming o on nunne 175 setting speed 177 Starting x coo cere 175 stepping through 176 stopping 0 5 176 model functions ADOS RN TA ee ert a 255 Abort array 255 Beep een ee 256 CreateEntity 256 Direction 00000e 256 Distance nanana 257 Hali E t usto a ok Ao Fees 257 Kia Ka Nha KAL 257 Message cece eee 258 Overview 2 eee 253 Pase 22 5 09 55 whe M bb 258 PrintOutput 259 Random 000eeeee 259 Randomlnteger
147. dit 3 Edit the constraint in the Properties window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 3238 B Setting up the Optimization B 324 Deleting Constraints To delete a decision variable 1 Inthe tree view click the Constraints node to expand it and then click the constraint to delete 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the variable and select Delete Constraint from the menu that displays Using Constraints You use constraints to restrict the values of decision variables by defining relationships among them For example if the total budget for scanners 2000 each and printers 1000 each is 5000 you can define this as 2000 scanners 1000 printers lt 5000 In another example if x1 represents the length of the queue in task 1 and x2 represents the length of the queue in task 2 the following constraint restricts the search to solutions for which queue two s length is at least as long as task one s queue x2 xl gt 0 Constraints can also be defined to restrict the values of output variables Constraints on output variables are sometimes called probabilistic constraints chance constraints or goals in other literature Constraint Feasibility A feasible solution is one that satisfies all constraints Infeasibility occurs when no combination of values of the decision variables can satisfy a set of constraints If a constraint is defined using only decision variables and
148. dow enter the value to use on the Y axis in the Y text box Name Contains the name of the series selected in the GraphSeries list e X Sets the variable to be plotted on the X axis Y Sets the variable to be plotted on the Y axis e Z Sets the variable to be plotted on the Z axis Color Controls the data points color for the selected series Shape Controls the data points shape for the selected series Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 187 M B Variable Data Files Editing Charts To edit a chart 1 In the tree view click the Charts node to expand it and then double click the chart to edit The Chart Description dialog box displays in the main Document diagram window and the associated Properties window for the chart displays You can display different charts in the Chart Description dialog box by clicking the left and right facing arrows in the upper right corner of the dialog box Make your changes For details on chart parameters see Chart Parameters on page 185 Deleting Charts To delete a chart 1 E 188 In the tree view click the Charts node to expand it and then click the chart to delete Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Remove Chart from the menu that displays The chart is deleted Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Types of Charts Micro Saint Sharp pr
149. dow for the objective displays Options include the following e ActiveObjective Indicates whether the objective is to be used Select True for the objective function that you want OptQuest to consider when running You can have multiple objective functions but only one can be active at a time e Code Contains the objective function Name Contains the name of the objective Notes Contains any notes pertaining to the objective Type Indicates whether the intent is to maximize or minimize the objective Properties Objectivel x ex ANG El Misc Eva False zi Code Name Objectivel Notes Type Maximize Active0bjective The active objective 3 Enter or select the options for the objective i 326 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E Editing Objectives To edit an objective 1 Click the Objectives item in the tree view 2 Inthe tree view click the objective to edit 3 Edit the objective in the Properties window Deleting Objectives To delete an objective 1 In the tree view click the Objectives node to expand it and then click the objective to delete 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the variable and select Delete Objective from the menu that displays Options Use the Options item to set options to control the optimization process To select optimization options 1 Click the Options item in the tree view The Properti
150. e palette with an ID of 2 assigns the image an ID of 3 and places the image at way point 4 x Animator CreateImage 2 4 creates an image in the Animator display using the image in the palette with an ID of 2 and places the image at way point 4 x will be equal to the created image s new ID value CreateWayPoint Syntax CreateWayPoint float x float y Description Creates a way point in the Animator display Returns the assigned way point ID Example x Animator CreateWayPoint 10 20 creates a way point at the coordinates 10 20 x will be equal to the created way point s new ID value Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 287 E B Animator Functions FollowPath Syntax FollowPath object imageID object startID object endID float duration Description Moves an image from one way point to another Example Animation FollowPath 3 4 5 6 moves the image with ID 3 from way point 4 to way point 5 over the period of six time units GetImage Syntax GetImage object imageID Description Returns an animator object containing the properties ofa user defined image Example x Animator GetImage 2 xisa copy of the image so x Height equals the image s height in pixels x must be defined as an animator object variable type x Animator GetImage 2 Height returns the height in pixels of the animator image with ID 2 GetWayPoint Syntax Description Example E 288 G
151. e responses from Micro Saint Sharp to determine if an evaluated solution is constraint feasible OptQuest makes finding a feasible solution its highest priority Once it finds a feasible solution it then concentrates on finding better solutions E 336 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E The fact that a particular solution may be infeasible does not imply that the problem itself is infeasible However infeasible problems do exist For example suppose that in a Job Shop problem a foreman insists on finding an optimal configuration with the following constraints drills grinders lt 4 drills grinders gt 5 Clearly there is no combination that will satisfy both of these constraints Or for this same example suppose the bounds for a decision variable were 3 lt saws lt 5 And a constraint was Saws lt 2 This also results in an infeasible problem You can make infeasible problems feasible by fixing the inconsistencies of the relationships modeled by the constraints OptQuest detects optimization models that are constraint infeasible and reports them to you If a model is constraint feasible OptQuest will always find a feasible solution and search for the optimal solution 1 e the best solution that satisfies all constraints Number of Replications and Simulations When OptQuest runs an optimization it runs a simulation to evaluate each set of decision variable
152. e clears The next time you run the model simulation the scheduled events do not display in the Event Queue Updating Charts During Simulation When you execute a Micro Saint Sharp model you can generate charts showing variable information These charts display in the Chart window and can be updated during the model simulation For information on adding charts to a model see Variable Data Files on page 183 Disabling the display of charts speeds model execution 4 Note You must enable the display of trace data before you can enable the display of charts see page 166 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 169 B E Updating Comment Variables During Simulation To update charts during model execution From the Utilities menu select Display Charts so that a check mark displays adjacent to the label Display Charts The next time you run the model simulation the Chart window displays To disable the update of charts during model execution From the Utilities menu select Display Charts so that the check mark adjacent to the label Display Charts clears The next time you run the model simulation the Chart window does not display Updating Comment Variables During Simulation You can select variables to display on the task network diagram during model execution in Comment boxes For details on selecting the variables to display see Adding Comments on page 152 Once you select the variables you can enable
153. e necessary expressions every place you need them you can first create the function once for a model Then wherever you need the calculation or procedure to be performed in the model you simply type the name of the function followed by parentheses Because you can assign more than one expression to a function you can use functions to perform procedures For example suppose you want to assign values to several variables based on the state of the simulation at various points in the model You could define a function called SystemChange Whenever the function is executed Micro Saint Sharp executes all of the expressions in the function and returns the value of the last expression A list of functions associated with the model displays in the tree view below the Functions node Functions also display in the associated Functions window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 131 M B Functions Displaying Defined Functions To display defined functions In the tree view click the Functions item to expand it A list of defined functions displays in the tree view and in the Functions window in the main Document window The function name type parameters and code defining the function are listed Name Type Parameter Code ChangeTime ktmpclock 1 Math Floor Clock 900 300 Clack MoveBall void int curl eam SwitchTeams void YdsToGo 10 UpdateScore void int Qtr Displaying Function Descriptions To display a function descri
154. e resulting values of the performance measures Tabu search A metaheuristic that uses search history and memory management to guide the problem solving process In its simplest form memory prohibits the search from reinvestigating solutions that have already been evaluated In OptQuest memory functions to encourage search diversification and intensification These memory components divert the search from locally optimal solutions to find a globally optimal solution Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 349 B OptQuest Glossary B 350 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Glossary Animator A Micro Saint Sharp companion product that develops image animation for models You can import a background select from a large set of images and build Animator instructions into your model Then you can watch the images move as the animation runs Animator is an optional add on component Array An ordered set of variable values that are indexed to a single variable name An array can be a one dimensional list a two dimensional table of rows and columns or a multi dimensional array Clock System variable that records elapsed time in simulation time units since the beginning of model execution The Clock variable can be used in any expression in a model Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 351 B Glossary B 352 Decision Node A diamond shaped object on a network diagram containing one of the following letters P M or T Trepr
155. e specified number Example Math Floor 3 8 returns the value 3 IEEERemainder Syntax IEEERemainder dividend divisor Description Floating point division remainder can be used to calculate division error Example Math IEEERemainder 1 797693e 308 3 00 returns 1 995840e4292 Log Syntax log value Description Returns the natural logarithm of a specified number Value must be greater than zero Example Math Log 10 returns the value 1 Log10 Syntax log10 value Description Returns the base 10 logarithm of a specified number Value must be greater than zero Example Math Log10 10 returns the value 7 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 2698 B Math Functions E 270 Max Syntax Description Example Min Syntax Description Example Pow Syntax Description Example Round Syntax Description Example Max valuel value2 Returns the maximum of the two values you supply Math Max 1 2 returns the value 2 Min valuel value2 Returns the minimum of the two values you supply Math Min 1 2 returns the value 1 Pow valuel value2 Returns the value of a specified number raised to the specified power Math Pow 2 3 returns the value 8 Round valuel Returns the number nearest to the specified value Rounds value up or down to the nearest whole number If fractional part is gt 0 5 value is rounded up away from
156. ect bottom image text Example Animator SetBottomImageText 3 Ball places the text Ball below the image with ID 3 SetCommentText Syntax SetCommentText object commentID object text Description Sets the text of a comment on the Animator display Example Animator SetCommentText 3 Changed Text changes the comment with ID 3 to the text Changed Text SetTopImageText Syntax SetTopImageText object imageID object text Description Set the top image text for an object Example Animator SettopImageText 3 Ball places the text Ball above the image with ID 3 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 295 E B Animator Functions ShowComment Syntax Description ShowComment object commentID Shows a comment that was hidden in the Animator display see HideComment on page 289 Example Animator ShowComment 3 shows the comment with ID 3 from the Animator display ShowComments Syntax ShowComments IEnumerable imagelDs Description Shows a series of comments that were hidden in the Animator display see HideComments on page 289 Example Animator ShowComments x shows all the comments in the variable list x ShowImage Syntax ShowImage object imageID Description Shows an image that was hidden on the Animator display see Hidelmage on page 289 Example Animator ShowImage 3 shows the image with E 296 ID 3 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chap
157. ect the text or objects to copy 2 From the Edit menu select Copy You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Copy Copying the Graphical Network Diagram You can copy an entire network diagram to the Windows clipboard and paste the copy into another application Only the graphical depiction of the network is copied You cannot paste the diagram into Micro Saint Sharp To copy a network diagram 1 Open the model to copy 2 From the Edit menu select Copy Network Diagram The model is copied to the clipboard You can now paste the contents into another application Cutting Text and Objects You can cut or remove text and objects and place them on the Windows clipboard Cutting removes the text or object and places it on the clipboard Once the item 1s on the clipboard you can use the Paste command to place it elsewhere in the model or in another application Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 81H B Editing Text and Objects E 82 To cut text or an object 1 Select the text or object to cut 2 From the Edit menu select Cut You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Cut The text or object is removed Deleting Text and Objects You can delete selected text and objects without placing them on the clipboard Use the Del key on the keyboard to delete something that you do not plan to reuse especially if the clipboard currently contains an item that you do not want to lose To delete text o
158. ects 1 Select the objects to align You can either click the mouse and drag the mouse to create a box around the items or press the Shift or Ctrl key and click the items with the mouse Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 73m B Working With Network Objects 2 From the Utilities menu select Alignment You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Alignment 3 Select one of the following To align the left sides select Align Left Objects are aligned with the leftmost object To align the right sides select Align Right Objects are aligned with the rightmost object To align the tops select Align Top Objects are aligned with the highest object To align the bottoms select Align Bottom Objects are aligned with the lowest object To align the objects on the same horizontal line select Center Horizontally Objects are aligned on a horizontal line that is midpoint between the highest and lowest object To align the objects on the same vertical line select Center Vertically Objects are aligned on a vertical line that is midpoint between the leftmost and rightmost object Using Auto Layout The Auto Layout feature arranges your network diagram to it s most orderly or symmetrical fashion This includes aligning objects providing a layout where there is minimum cross over of path lines and similar features The GoLayout algorithm is used www nwoods com To use auto layout From the Utilities menu sele
159. ecution Starting and Resuming Model Execution Before executing the model check the execution preferences to make sure the model is set to run the way you want it To start or resume model execution From the Execution menu select Begin Simulation or press Ctrl G The model executes or resumes execution Pausing Model Execution You can temporarily pause or stop a model execution When model execution is paused you can make changes to the model attributes such as the value of variables To pause model execution 1 From the Execution menu select Pause Simulation or press Ctrl P The model pauses executing 2 When you are ready to resume model execution select Begin Simulation from the Execution menu Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 175 E E Controlling Execution Speed Stepping Through Model Execution You can also step through model execution one event at a time This method of execution is useful for debugging a model This command is available only when the model has not yet begun execution or when model execution is paused To step through model execution 1 From the Execution menu select Step Simulation or press Ctrl T Micro Saint Sharp executes the next event and pauses 2 Select Step Simulation again Micro Saint Sharp executes the next event and pauses 3 Toresume continuous execution select Begin Simulation from the Execution menu Stopping Execution You can stop the current execution o
160. ee ee 231 Elements in Expressions 0 0 eee cece cnet ees 232 Constants NEL BNG BALAG LB LIBINGANG 232 Vamables 2074 ooi xu nte dete unde NA e dea 233 Inn M I ER Dm 234 COMMEDIE ze See ee ELA MB gir eie pubs 235 COMMAS i ener SR ee eR Ae Poe Re VOR TP DER TE NORIS FIERI RIS 235 Return Statements 0 0 0 cee eee eee nee 236 Arithmetic Operators teeta 237 Assignment Operator llle 239 Adjustment Operators 0 0 cece es 239 Logical Operators 0 0 ce ete eee 240 H Else Statements iecore Bas pein ee S EXER Ce es 242 While Statements eici oes Axe ee S 245 AA KAN s Sack ee ae eee ob Es Ges CURATE DUNS E VERA eS 246 Do Statements a bx ere other emt dee ec pn dee 247 Switch Statements 4 5 50 vor Lehre RECEN CU Ren d 247 Foreach Statements 0 0 c eee ete cece en 249 12 Built in Functions 0 00 e eee 251 Function Syntax and Usage 0 0 2 0 cece eens 252 Model Functions aaa coe Sine eS we een Aten 253 Matli Eunctions onevbseC HG rte VS Depot Weeds 265 Distribution Functions 0000 cece eee 272 Animator Functions llis 281 13 Probability Distributions a 299 Overview of Probability Distributions 0 000 300 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 ii E Contents 14 References for Probability Distributions 0 301 Types of Probability Distributions 0 0 eee ee ee eee 302 OptQ uest ol ee NG
161. eee cee eee 40 Customizing the Micro Saint Sharp Toolbar 00 47 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 i E Contents Basic Procedures c cece e cee eee eee eee 59 Working with Models 0 0 c cect ene eens 60 Exporting Model Information 0 0 0 c cece eee eee 63 Searching for Text 5 m Seine Ae REVIENS AU AU 65 Replacing Text cesen reo eeu RE CUERPO 66 Network Diagram cee eee nnn n n n A 69 Creating a Network Diagram eA 70 Working With Network Objects 00sec eee ee eee 70 Editing Text and Objects 0 ccc eee e es 80 Printing the Task Network Diagram 0 0 0 eee ee eee ee 86 Model Components 200000 cece eee eee eee eee 89 Networks 12 4 s KAN dahan ta leek tata diete e lied Rotates edt id 90 Groups exu ite iis ie Ee ee Qi VUE Ge ee Cees 95 UCM IEEE 99 Variables s sia eee Side id ee et E Ah Be 114 Entity Attributes s eel pee ex eec at ie dalan 122 MI DES 129 F nctiols 3 c dae e dee e EE e ete ae RUE 131 Scenario Events 24 setae ote eed ee eae ABA DA d ED 139 Snapshots 6 4404 ale oe eur cipere ese aie Le a 145 Comments sciences Late oe Lees eee Cede hen ees 151 Running the Model 00 02 e eee ee eee eee eee 157 Displaying Execution Settings 0 cece eee eee eee 158 Editing Execution Settings cece eee eee eee ee 159 Viewing Trace Data During Simulation 00005 166 Viewing Scheduled Even
162. eft from the menu that displays To position the legend box along the top side of the chart select Top from the menu that displays To position the legend box along the right side of the chart select Right from the menu that displays To position the legend box along the bottom side of the chart select Bottom from the menu that displays To set the font for the legend box 1 Right click the legend box and select Font from the menu that displays The Font dialog box displays 2 Select the appropriate options and click OK The legend refreshes with the new text style E 208 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Copying Charts The Charts Copy command copies the displayed chart to Windows clipboard Once the chart is copied to the clipboard you can use the Paste command to insert the chart into another application To copy a chart 1 Display the chart For details see Adding Charts on page 184 2 Display the Chart toolbar by right clicking anywhere in the chart and selecting Toolbar 3 Onthe Chart toolbar click the Copy to Clipboard button 4 Select one of the following from the drop down menu that displays To copy the chart as a bitmap select Bitmap To copy the chart as a metafile select Metafile Metafiles are a Windows image format To copy the chart as a text select As Text data only Only the values of the data points for each series are copied
163. en the shape parameter is set to 1 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 307H E Types of Probability Distributions Lognormal Distribution Syntax Applications Description E 308 Lognormal mean standard deviation The Lognormal distribution describes values with normally distributed natural logarithms It is often used to describe random processes that represent the product rather than the sum of several small independent events The Lognormal distribution is used in many different areas including the distribution of particle size in naturally occurring aggregates dust concentration in industrial atmospheres duration of sickness absence lifetime distributions in reliability distribution of income employee retention and many applications modeling weight and height Use the Lognormal distribution for tasks that cannot be done much faster than the mean but sometimes take much longer Because the Lognormal distribution generally has a longer tail than the Gamma distribution it may be more appropriate for tasks with no known upper bound on their time duration in extreme situations The Lognormal distribution is a continuous distribution that is bounded on the lower side It is always 0 at minimum x rising to a peak that depends on both the mean and standard deviation and then decreases monotonically for increasing x Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 13 Probability Distributions B Negative Binomia
164. ents and way points Animator Palette The Animator palette displays the tools that you use to construct the animation Tools for adding images way points graphs and comments are included M Images Use images to represent the background of the display and the movement of entities through the model m Way Points Use way points to indicate where paths may split and are are multidirectional W Charts Use charts to display data values during the animation Available charts are the ones you created for the model B Comments Use comments to add clarification to the Animator display and to display values of variables on the Animator display as the model runs The relative position of the active display in the Animator window diagram displays at the bottom of the Animator palette Tree View The list of model components in the tree view contains the Animator object Expand the Animator object to view the images comments charts and way points in the Animator display To display a description window for an Animator item double click the item in the tree view Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 213M B Animator Window Overview Animator elements are represented by the following icons Task Network Variables Functions Snapshots Scenario E vents a Entity Attributes Charts Watches Execution Settings Animator E ed Animator Network aj 3 Images G E GE Way Points Charts Chart An Comment Commen
165. es psuccess Returns a random number integer from a Negative Binomial distribution You supply the number of successes value and the probability of success to define the distribution Distributions NegativeBinomial 4 1 Normal mean standard deviation Returns a random number from a normal distribution You supply the mean and standard deviation values to define the distribution Distributions Normal 4 1 Pareto minimum scale Returns a random number from a Pareto distribution You supply the minimum value scale to define the distribution Distributions Pareto 4 1 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Pearson Type 5 Syntax PearsonTypeS scale shape Description Returns a random number from a Pearson Type 5 distribution You supply the scale and shape factors to define the distribution Example Distributions PearsonTyped 4 1 Pearson Type 6 Syntax PearsonType6 scale shapel shape2 Description Returns a random number from a Pearson Type 6 distribution You supply the scale and shape factors to define the distribution Example Distributions PearsonType6 3 4 1 Poisson Syntax Poisson mean Description Returns a random number from a poisson distribution The number returned represents the number of independent events that occur in a particular time interval The mean value you supply defines the average number of events expected in such time inte
166. es tab 134 Random ea a a 259 Randomlnteger 259 RandomSeed 260 Rectangular a 280 RemoveComment 293 RemoveComments 293 Removelmage 293 Removelmages 293 Resume uusssu 260 Resume array 261 Return Information tab 135 RotateFliplmage 294 Rotatelmage 294 Round 02200200 esas 270 RunNumber 261 Scalelmage 294 SendExternalVariable 261 SetBackground 295 SetBottomlmageText 295 SetCommentText 295 SetTopImageText 295 ShowComment 296 ShowComments 296 Showlmage sssse 296 Showlmages 297 SL AA 271 AN AA MA PALAKA 271 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index m SIAN 335 555 xt notato fit eet NG 271 Bat or ero Cobos ha dU GE ufi 271 Slam Mawes p egere 262 DIOP ayn oc KE 262 Stop array 0 00 eee 263 Suspend 22 05 263 Suspend array 264 syntax overview 252 AN AARAL BANA NORTE 272 Tani pe ste as a irk ee a 272 TOSIN cir ene a areas See 264 Triangular 02 000 280 TriggerSnapshot 264 TYPO inh yas sat tae haa 136 USAGE na eee de hee nes nga eth 252
167. es window for the options displays Options include the following Iterations Displays the number of times to run the optimization Name Displays the name of the Options setting Notes Contains any notes pertaining to the option setting Run Time Contains the number of minutes to run the optimization Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 327m B Setting up the Optimization E 328 e Stop Conditions Indicates how the optimization will be stopped Manual Stop When you select this option you manually stop the optimization using the Halt Optimization command Automatic Stop When you select this option OptQuest assesses the opportunities for additional improvement of the objective value and based on this assessment determines whether it is time to stop Iteration Count When you select this option the number of simulations that you enter in the Iterations field is run The default is 100 simulations Maximum Time When you select this option the simulation is run for the amount of minutes you enter in the Run Time box Properties n x Aele Iterations 100 Name Notes RunTime 1 StopConditions AutomaticStop StopConditions Stop conditions of the initialization 2 Enter or select the options for the optimization Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E Running the Optimization To start an optimization From the Optimization menu select Start Optimization To
168. esenting a Probabilistic Multiple or Tactical decision Effect An expression that executes as a result of task or queue activity during model execution Tasks can have beginning launch and ending effects Queues can have entering and departing effects You can use these effects to change variable values and thus represent the system changes that occur as a result of the task or queue activity Entity A conceptual object that travels through a task network and indicates by its location when each task or queue is executing or waiting to execute The entity may represent a physical object such as a part being built on a production line It may also represent a person performing the tasks Or the entity may simply trace the sequence of tasks and not correspond to anything physical During model execution entities can be represented by symbols or numbers that travel through the network diagram Entities are identified by corresponding values of its entity attributes Entity Duration Entity attribute that records the time each entity spends in the current task or queue Entity Tag Entity attribute that records the identity of each entity when there are multiple entities traveling through a network Once an entity has a Entity Tag value the value stays with the entity through the remainder of model execution Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Glossary B Event Something that is scheduled to happen during a simulation at
169. ess the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the function and select Delete Function from the menu that displays The function is deleted Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components BI Scenario Events Scenario events provide a way for you to cause certain events to occur at specific times during model execution These can be one time events or they can repeat at regular intervals Scenario events are often used to change variable values and thereby change the state of the model For example you could have a variable called Temperature that would increase at one hour intervals during the day and decrease at night You could then make the time for a specific task such as warming up an engine dependent upon the current temperature Scenario events assign values to variables independent of when an entity begins or ends a task or enters or departs a queue Scenario events supersede what is happening on the task network To view the execution of scenario events open the Event Queue window Scenario events only display in the Event Queue window during model execution A list of scenario events associated with the model displays in the tree view below the Scenario Events node and in the Scenario Events window You can display scenario event descriptions and add edit and delete scenario events Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 139 M B Scenario Events Displaying Defined Scenario Events
170. est3 Snapshots Variable values and o entity attributes collected during model execution Scenario events functions and network elements tasks and queues can Clock PartsDone change variable values and be changed 98 86 2 by them 104 12 3 Gi 4 E Functions RES Expressions that execute when called from tasks queues or scenario events SUMFAILURES PartsFailed FailedTest1 FailedTest2 FailedTest3 a T ask Network Sequence of tasks that execute with random variability in time and routing using expressions to check or change the state of the system Tasks queues and scenario events can call functions to perform procedures or return values Release condition MachinesAvailable gt 0 v Scenario Events CAN WP EP n Expressions that execute at times you schedule At time 9 00 540 minutes MachinesAvailable 8 Ending effect Entity Tag NG E Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 178 E Elements of a Micro Saint Sharp Model E 18 Task Network The minimal elements required for a Micro Saint Sharp network are tasks and the paths connecting the tasks A network can also include decision nodes when more than one path leaves a task or subnetwork Entities are the conceptual objects that travel through a task network The entity may represent a physical object such as a part being built on a production line It may
171. etWayPoint object wayPointID Returns an animator object containing the properties of a user defined way point x Animator GetWaypoint 2 xisa copy of the way point so x CenterX is the x location of the way point x must be defined as an animator object variable type x Animator GetWayPoint 2 CenterX returns the x location of way point 2 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B HideImage Syntax Hidelmage object imageID Description Hides an image in the Animator display To redisplay the image see ShowImage on page 296 Example Animator HideImage 3 hides the image with ID 3 HideImages Syntax HideImages IEnumerable imageIDs Description Hides a series of images in the Animator display To redisplay the image see ShowImages on page 297 Example Animator HideImages x hides all the images in the variable list x HideComment Syntax HideComment object commentID Description Hides a comment in the Animator display To redisplay the image see ShowComment on page 296 Example Animator HideComment 3 hides the comment with ID 3 in the Animator display HideComments Syntax HideComments IEnumerable imagelDs Description Hides a series of comments from the Animator display To redisplay the image see ShowComments on page 296 Example Animator HideComments x hides all the comments in the variable list x Micro
172. ets it as the number of the entity that is currently being processed E m ti B Entity Time tracks the closest scheduled event time for the entity B Entity Type records the event type for which entity is scheduled Event types can be one time or repeating W Entity UniqueID maintains the unique ID for the entity as defined by Micro Saint Sharp Y Note When you use an entity attribute in an expression precede the attribute with the word Entity such as Entity Tag or Entity Group Entity Tag 199 E 128 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Watches You can monitor the values of variables as a model executes Viewing the values of variables in the model can be an excellent tool for debugging To display the values of a variable you create a watch for the variable The values of the variable then automatically display in the Watches window during model execution The variable name value and type of variable display Type System Double System Double System Double System Int32 Adding Watches To add a watch 1 In the tree view right click the Watches node or any existing watch and select Add Watch from the menu that displays 2 The Add Watch dialog box displays Please enter the name of the new watch Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 129M B Watches E 130 Type the name of the variable and click OK
173. ex m 376 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0
174. f a model at any point When you halt model execution it cannot be resumed The run is terminated and must start over To stop model execution From the Execution menu select Halt Simulation or press Ctrl H The current execution stops To stop model execution temporarily and then resume it use the Pause command If you click Begin Simulation after you have halted an execution a new run is started i 176 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model E Setting the Execution Speed for RealTime Mode Simulation You can control the speed of realtime model simulation from the Micro Saint Sharp toolbar for details on Realtime mode simulation see page 161 Execution speeds are 25 50 100 200 400 and 80095 each execution speed is twice as fast as the speed below it The speed settings on the Micro Saint Sharp toolbar work in conjunction with the Speed factor set in the Execution Preferences dialog box For example if you select 200 from the toolbar and enter a speed factor of 2 in the Execution Preferences dialog box the net speed factor is four To maximize execution speed disable network animation disable the display of trace data and disable the update of charts scheduled events and comment variables Y Note You can change the speed during execution To set the execution speed 1 From the Utilities menu select Simulation Speed 2 Select the execution speed from the list that disp
175. ffect Search Performance The search process benefits from the use of constraints on decision variables and tight bounds on decision variables However performance generally suffers when you include output constraints in the optimization model for two reasons W Output constraints are very time consuming to evaluate since OptQuest must run an entire simulation before determining whether the results are constraint infeasible M To avoid running constraint infeasible simulations OptQuest must identify the characteristics of solutions likely to be constraint feasible this makes the search more complex and requires more time Even though output constraints can greatly decrease the number of feasible simulations performed during an optimization output constraints can focus your search to effectively rule out undesirable solutions When you use output constraints you should increase the search time by at least 5096 based on the time used for an equivalent problem without output constraints If you have lots of output constraints that OptQuest can t easily satisfy consider combining your output constraints into one multi objective function Feasibility A feasible solution is one that satisfies all constraints Each time OptQuest generates a new set of values for decision variables it tests the solution for constraint feasibility Only constraint feasible solutions are sent to Micro Saint Sharp for evaluation OptQuest then uses th
176. fine constraints Define the objective Select optimization options For details see Setting up the Optimization on page 319 4 Run the optimization For details see Running the Optimization on page 329 5 Interpret the results For details see Interpreting the Results on page 330 Preparing the Model Decision variables are variables that you can control for example the number of machines of each type in a job shop In Micro Saint Sharp all aspects of an OptQuest optimization are defined from the Tree View window The values of the objective function and the values of output constraints depend on the output of the simulation Therefore they are based on responses You define an objective function in Micro Saint Sharp by creating a mathematical formula involving multiple response statistics This objective formula should return a variable whose goal is either to be minimized or maximized E 318 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E Setting up the Optimization The components of an optimization automatically display in the Tree View in Micro Saint Sharp You create an optimization by opening your Micro Saint Sharp model and entering the decision variables constraints objectives and options for the optimization OptQuest components include Decision Variables Constraints Objectives and Options These components are discussed in the following sections Tree View ma Task Network
177. for you to enter the defining properties You can perform this step at any time When you double click a network the network diagram displays and the associated Properties window displays for the network parameters To add a network object directly in the task network diagram l 2 Right click the mouse on the task network diagram Select one of the following from the menu that displays Add Task Add Group Add Comment or Add Network The object displays on the network diagram Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 71M E Working With Network Objects 872 3 Double click the object A dialog box displays in the network diagram for you to enter the defining properties You can perform this step at any time When you double click a network the network diagram displays and the associated Properties window displays for the network parameters Deleting Network Objects You can delete any of the network objects If you delete a task or network the associated path is automatically deleted To delete a network object 1 Click the object to delete When you select an object a green box displays around the object 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Cut from the menu that displays Using Grids You can enable an invisible grid that attracts network objects to it As you move objects on the network diagram they snap or jump to the invisible grid When the s
178. g arrows in the upper right corner of the dialog box Make your changes For details on variable parameters see Variable Parameters on page 117 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components BI Deleting Variables To delete a variable 1 In the tree view click the Variable node to expand it and then click the variable to delete 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the variable and select Delete Variable from the menu that displays The variable is deleted System Variables Micro Saint Sharp uses the following system variables W Clock records elapsed time in simulation time units since the beginning of model execution You can use Clock in any expression in a model but use care in changing its value To record the time at which an event occurred set another variable equal to Clock as an effect of the event for example FinishTime Clock You can also use the variable Clock when the time controls what happens for example if Clock gt 1200 Operators CrewSize W Distributions consist of all the model distributions used to generate random execution times These are represented in the tree view below the Variables node by the single item Distributions MAAD Simulator Utilities Distributions W Entity consists of all the entity variables and functions These are represented in the tree view below the Variables node by the single
179. g effect of task one in the statement Entity Tag you ensure that each entity that goes on to task two has a different Entity Tag value Task one keeps generating tags as long as the if expression you supply for routing back to task one IS true Split Entities Whenever you have a multiple decision that routes an entity to more than one following job Micro Saint Sharp splits the entity into multiple entities that have the same Entity Tag value as the original entity If you are using Entity Tag values as unique identifiers you need to be sure either to renumber the extra entities remove them from the system or merge the split entities later on To merge the split entities route them back to the same task Specify a release condition for the task that requires both entities to be waiting for the task before it can be released this condition often involves an array variable Micro Saint Sharp then merges the two entities back into one Editing Tasks To edit a task 1 On the task network diagram double click the task The Task Description dialog box displays in the network diagram window and the Properties window for the task also displays You can display different tasks in the Task Description dialog box by clicking the left and right facing arrows in the upper right corner of the dialog box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 113 E B Variables 2 Make your changes in the Task Description d
180. g the print setup Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1658 E Viewing Trace Data During Simulation Viewing Trace Data During Simulation E 166 The Output window displays the actions that occur when you run the model and is called the trace data The following information displays Clock values for beginning effects Clock values for ending effects Clock values for scenario events Syntax errors Whether the plugins such as Animator d11s are successfully loaded when Micro Saint Sharp is started When a run or simulation begins and ends Application errors You can save the results in the Output window to a file save the results to the Windows clipboard and clear the data in the window jeginningE ffect 0 155540954087516 Driver To display trace data in the Output window From the Utilities menu select Display Trace so that a check mark displays adjacent to Display Trace The next time you run the model simulation trace information displays in the Output window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model E To disable trace data in the Output window From the Utilities menu select Display Trace so that the check mark adjacent to Display Trace clears The next time you run the model simulation trace information does not display in the Output window The only information that displays is the simulation clock value run number and duration of simulation Vv Note When you disable
181. ge Only C Text Only C Text and Image File System Execution KKK m Button Layout a T T Customize Button e c C Near Center Far New Rename Delete 4 Highlight the toolbar that has the buttons you want to change 5 Inthe Button Look section select one the following To display the button image only select Image Only To display button text only select Text Only To display the button image and text select Text and Image For the Text and Image selection select the layout for the text and image in the Button Layout section Text on Left Text on Right Text Above or Text Below The new toolbar configuration displays 6 Click OK to close the Customize Toolbars dialog box B 52 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B Removing Default Toolbar Buttons You can remove any of the default toolbar buttons To remove a default toolbar button 1 Click the down facing arrow to the right of any toolbar section The flyover text Toolbar Options displays 2 Click Add or Remove buttons A list of buttons on the toolbar displays 3 Select the button to remove The button is removed from the toolbar In the list of buttons the check mark adjacent to the button name is also removed Adding Default Toolbar Buttons You can add any of the default toolbar buttons after removing them To add a default toolbar button 1 Click the dow
182. gram Using the zoom feature of Micro Saint Sharp you can view a specific part of the diagram in detail or broaden the diagram view To zoom the network diagram From the View menu select Zoom and then select the magnification level Magnification levels vary from 10 to 800 v Note You can also zoom in and out of the network diagram by pressing CTRL and scrolling the mouse wheel one click at a time Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 778 B Working With Network Objects E 78 Panning the Network Diagram Panning displays areas of the network diagram that are not currently displayed When panning you are not restricted to moving the mouse in a horizontal and vertical direction but you can move the mouse diagonally To pan the network diagram 1 Press the space bar The cursor takes the following shape i 2 Keep pressing the space bar and move the mouse in the desired direction 3 When you reach the position you want release the space bar You can also pan the display by moving the cursor in the relative position box in the Task Network palette or by using the scroll bars Jumping to Network Objects Jumping to a network object displays and selects the object in the network diagram To jump to a network object 1 In the task network tree view right click the object 2 Select Jump to Object in Network from the menu that displays The network diagram redraws so that the object displays The obje
183. halt an optimization From the Optimization menu select Halt Optimization To check optimization for errors From the Execution menu select Check for Errors Performance Graph When you run an optimization the OptQuest Progress window automatically displays This window displays a performance graph a plot of the objective values and the decision variable values as a function of the run number As OptQuest runs this window graphically displays values as they are tested Upon completion you can scroll through all of the decision variable values that were tested Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 329 E B Interpreting the Results Q rent Queue ill innato Gy Tack Network B opt quest 2m gle R RE tS ela KPI x a A b A A ae o o a a a 2 P BI PONG OSO NONG SIN m desi RE NG LATIN NAA 8 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 e TERIS Interpreting the Results E 330 The Micro Saint Output window displays the best optimization value and the values of the decision variables from the run Decision variables that take on the same or almost always the same value are considered determined variables If the best solution s decision variables are determined variables the solution is likely robust You will have to determine the robustness of the results and decide whether to run the optimization for a longer period of time or for more simulation runs U
184. hapter explains the constants variables functions comments operators statements and loops used to create Micro Saint Sharp expressions Chapter 12 Built in Functions This chapter discusses built in Micro Saint Sharp functions including Model Math Distribution and Animator functions Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 1 Introduction Bl Chapter 13 Probability Distributions This chapter discusses the twenty probability distributions that are available in Micro Saint Sharp Chapter 14 OptQuest This chapter describes the OptQuest feature which is automatically included with Micro Saint Sharp OptQuest enhances Micro Saint Sharp by automatically searching for and finding optimal or near optimal solutions to simulation models Glossary The glossary contains a listing of the terms used in Micro Saint Sharp Document Conventions Micro Saint Sharp documentation uses the following terms and typographical conventions m File names variables and program code are shown in this typeface W Labeled buttons menu commands and menu options are in bold For example Click OK to close the dialog box m Information that the user needs to enter is in Courier New font For example enter BO90001 in the text box Using Online Help Micro Saint Sharp contains extensive online Help to assist you as you work To display help contents select Help from the Help menu Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 7 B Displaying
185. have information about which decision variables have the least effect on the objective function When you de select one or more decision variables and rerun the optimization the search focuses on the remaining more important decision variables Initial Values The initial values are the values listed as the Suggested Values of the decision variables interface Initial values are important because the closer they are to the optimal value the faster OptQuest can find the optimal solution If the initial values are constraint infeasible they are ignored For potentially large models with many decision variables you might find it helpful to first run a simplified version of the optimization to find initial values for the full blown model For example you might use expected values for some of the random variables in the model Bounds and Constraints You can significantly improve OptQuest s performance by selecting meaningful bounds for the decision variables Suppose for example that the bounds for three decision variables X Y and Z are 0 lt X lt 100 0 lt Y lt 100 0 lt Z lt 100 And in addition to the bounds there is the following constraint 10 X 12 Y 20 Z lt 200 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E Although the optimization model is correct the decision variables bounds are not meaningful A better set of bounds for these decision variables would be 0 lt X l
186. he box to resize the image while pressing the left mouse button Identifying Images in the Animator Display Two IDs are important for identifying images in the Animator display These IDs display in the Properties window for each image W Unique ID is the unique ID for the image as assigned by Micro Saint Sharp You can use the same image in multiple locations but each image will have a different ID m Type ID is the ID for the image as assigned in the Animator palette Type ID is an ID shared by all copies of a particular palette image ID Setting the Background of the Animator Display You can add an image to the Animator display that serves as a background When an image is loaded as a background you can place other images on top of it You can only have one background active at a time If you load a second background the first one is automatically deleted from the Animator window not from the Animator palette B 220 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 10 Animator B To set the background of the Animator display 1 Right click in the Animator display and select Set Background from the menu that displays The Open dialog box displays 2 Navigate to the location containing the background image and select the image 3 Click Open The image is loaded into the Animator display and into the Animator palette Resize the background if you would like it to cover more area Clearing the Background of the Animat
187. he button drag the item to the task network diagram Release the left mouse button The image is added and a Properties window displays The Properties window for the image displays the following information Angle Displays the rotation angle for the image Filter Color Displays the color filter to apply to the image Height Displays the height of the image in pixels Width Displays the width of the image in pixels Center X Displays the x coordinate position for the center of the image The upper left corner of the Animator display is considered to be 0 0 Center Y Displays the y coordinate position for the center of the image Layer Displays the z coordinate position for the image Name Contains the name of the image optional Notes Contains any notes regarding the image Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 219 HM E Working With Images Unique ID Contains a unique ID for the image as assigned by Micro Saint Sharp This is the ID you would use in Animator functions You can use the same image in multiple locations but each image will have a different ID Type ID Contains the ID for the image as assigned in the Animator palette Type ID is an ID shared by all copies ofa particular palette image ID 5 Resize the image to the size that you want To resize an image click the image Small boxes or handles display at the corners and along the sides Select one of the handles and drag t
188. he network The random number seed is a number between approximately 2 billion and 2 billion inclusive The same seed always produces the same set of random numbers in the same order and thus the same results Start ID Contains the number of the task or network marked as the starting place for the model simulation You can set the start node on the task network diagram see Designating the Start Node on page 77 or you can enter the task or network number in the Start ID box e Output Type Controls the format of the output of snapshot data collection To store the results in XML format select XML results files have the extension xml To store the results in ASCII format select Tab Delimited results files have the extension res Realtime Mode Controls whether the model runs in actual time or in simulated time To execute the model according to real time required for tasks select the RealTime Mode check box Otherwise the execution runs in simulated time Lineby Line Debugging Controls whether line by line debugging is used When enabled the Line Debugger window displays and increases the resolution for debugging a model simulation When the Line Debugger window is open and you step through the model simulation execution occurs one line of code at a time When the Line Debugger window is not open and you step through the simulation execution occurs one effect at a time rather than one line of code at a time
189. he number of decision variables greatly affects OptQuest s performance OptQuest has no physical limit on the number of decision variables you can use in any given problem However the performance might deteriorate if you use more than 100 decision variables Also as the number of decision variables increases you need more simulations to find high quality solutions General guidelines for the minimum number of simulations required for a given number of decision variables in a problem are the following M For less than 10 decision variables the minimum number of simulations is 100 Between 10 and 20 decision variables the minimum number of simulations is 500 B Between 20 and 50 decision variables the minimum number of simulations is 2 000 B Between 50 and 100 decision variables the minimum number of simulations is 5 000 For very large numbers of decision variables you might try this procedure W Decrease the number of replications per simulation at least initially m Run the optimization to get an approximate solution m Set the suggested values to the approximate solution W Further restrict the bounds on the decision variables Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 333 E B Factors that Affect Search Performance E 334 W Increase the number of replications to increase accuracy W Rerun the optimization You might de select certain decision variables and optimize the rest If you have already run an optimization you may
190. here a and b are 32 bit integers Description Returns the multiplication of a and b as a long integer 64 bit Example BigMul 2 3 returns 6 Ceiling Syntax Ceiling value Description Returns the largest whole number greater than or equal to the specified number Example Math Ceiling 5 2 returns 5 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 2678 B Math Functions E 268 Cos Syntax Description Example Cosh Syntax Description Example DivRem Syntax Description Example Exp Syntax Description Example Cos value Returns the cosine of the angle value you supply Enter the angle in radians To convert degrees to radians multiple by I1 180 Math cos x returns the quotient adj hyp Cosh value Returns the hyperbolic cosine of the specified angle Enter the angle in radians To convert degrees to radians multiple by I1 180 Math Cosh x returns the quotient adj hyp DivRem valuel value 2 Division remainder Returns the remainder from the division operation Only integers can be used For floating point division see IEEERemainder on page 269 Math DivRem 3 2 returns the value 1 Exp value Returns e raised to the specified power Math Exp 2 returns the value 7 3890561 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Floor Syntax Floor value Description Returns the smallest whole number less than or equal to th
191. iables 119 area charts c ones Hae eere 189 arithmetic operators 237 addition 4 238 decrement 238 dIVISIOn aer beet WR 237 grouped operations 237 increment annn 238 multiplication 237 remainder division 238 subtraction 238 arrays definition 119 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 dimension 120 example suueess 119 Asin function 005 266 assignment operator 239 Atan function 5 267 Atan2 function 267 auto layout for network diagram 74 auto hide mode disabling 2 45 46 displaying windows 46 Windows 0 00 cece eee 45 B background clearing from Animator display 221 color of toolbar 57 setting for Animator display 220 bar Charts ore REEL 190 Beep function 256 beginning effect color in event queue window 168 definition 103 return statement 103 bernoulli distribution 302 Bernoulli function 273 beta distribution 302 Beta function 274 BigMul function aan 267 binomial distribution 3
192. iables or expressions Micro Saint Sharp provides assistance when you type a function name in any expression text box After you type the name of the function type and the following period Micro Saint Sharp automatically displays a list of available functions and properties for your selection Functions are indicated by a purple diamond shape icon and properties are indicated by a grey rectangular shape icon Properties are a type of Model function that retrieve execution properties such as RunNumber and RandomSeed Double click a function or property to select it v Note Functions require parentheses and may additionally require other parameters Properties do not require parentheses and do not take parameters E 252 After you type the name of a function and the left parentheses Micro Saint Sharp automatically displays a tip box with a description of the function the variable type for the function and the required function parameters Click the mouse to close the description Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B You can use a function anywhere in a model where you need to supply a value or an expression A few examples are shown in the following list Mean Time Model Poisson 15 Beginning Effect if Clock 1440 Model Halt Launch Effect Animator MovelImage 7 10 20 Entity Duration Ending Effect MyFunction Model Fun
193. iables are an important element in any model because they keep track of the state of the system Five system variables are automatically created for each Micro Saint Sharp model and you can additionally define variables specific to each model The variables you define can keep track of whatever is appropriate for the model how many items are processed what the current temperature is or whether a machine is On or Off Variables give different tasks queues and scenario events a way to interact with each other because they can evaluate and modify variable values Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 3 Understanding Micro Saint Sharp Models E Default system variables include the following Clock records elapsed time in simulation time units since the beginning of model execution W Distributions consists of all the model distributions Distributions are used to determine task execution times W Entity consists of all the entity variables and functions M Model consists of all the model functions W Animator consists of all the Animator components Animator is an optional add on component Functions Micro Saint Sharp uses two types of functions built in functions which are available to all models and custom functions which you define for use within a particular model Both function types work in a similar manner You can include the function s name or call the function in any expression When Micro Saint Sharp e
194. ialog box or Properties window For details on task parameters see Task Parameters on page 100 Deleting Tasks To delete a task 1 On the task network diagram select the task When you select an item a green box displays around the item 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the task in the tree view and select Delete Task from the menu that displays The task is removed Variables A list of variables associated with the model displays in the tree view below the Variables node and in the Variables window You can display variable descriptions and add edit and delete variables You can also create watches to observe the changes in variables during model execution For details on watches see Watches on page 129 Micro Saint Sharp recognizes global and local variables Only global variables need to be defined For details on the differences between the two variable types see Variable Scoping on page 233 For a list of system variables see System Variables on page 121 iW 114 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Displaying Defined Variables To display defined variables In the tree view click the Variables item to expand it A list of defined variables displays in the tree view and in the Variables window in the main Document window The variable name variable type and initial value are listed AdjLenath nt 0 MAAD ActionView Animatorl
195. icro Saint Sharp model Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 5H B About this Manual m6 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window This chapter presents an overview of the components of the Micro Saint Sharp window and how to move resize hide display close and dock the window panes How to customize the toolbars is also described Chapter 5 Basic Procedures This chapter describes how to create open and save models export network components and search and replace text Chapter 6 Network Diagram This chapter describes how to create a network diagram Chapter 7 Model Components This chapter describes the parameters for model components tasks networks comments groups variables entity attributes functions events and snapshots Chapter 8 Running the Model This chapter describes the settings that control model execution including speed options How to check a model for syntax and logic errors is also discussed Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data This chapter describes methods used to analyze the model data and how to create charts displaying the values of variables during execution How to export and open trace queue snapshot and task data files is also discussed Chapter 10 Animator This chapter describes how to build image animation into your model How to add a background images comments way points and charts is described Animator is an optional add on component Chapter 11 Expressions This c
196. ime Gantt charts are frequently used in project management and provide a graphical illustration of a schedule T T T T 0 00 10 00 20 00 30 00 40 00 50 00 60 00 70 00 80 00 90 00 Line Charts Line charts are well suited for comparing data or series of values over a recorded period of time Line charts are useful for noting trends Series 1 e A Series 2 e E Series 3 20 00 A 10 00 0 00 E 194 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Pareto Charts Pareto charts are a specialized version of a histogram that rank the categories in the chart from most frequent to least frequent Pareto charts are often used to show the most common causes of defects or common causes of out of control conditions B Series 1 9 Series 2 t Series 3 Pie Charts Pie charts show the relationship of items that make up a data series to the sum of the items Pie charts always show only one data series and are useful to emphasize a significant element Pie charts are best for showing percentages of a whole Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 195 E B Variable Data Files Pyramid Charts Pyramid charts can be useful in comparing sectional values of a whole to each other and to the whole Pyramid charts are an effective way to dramatically display bar charts Pyramids are columns with pyramid shape H Series 1 H Series 2 Series 3
197. imum or maximum value You can detect noisy functions by watching the solutions for best solutions that seem to bounce around from one set of values to completely different sets of values To help solve this problem you can increase the number of replications per simulation Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E On the right the objective appears smooth due to the relative certainty in the model assumptions In these cases OptQuest should quickly converge to the best solution Simulation Speed Some suggestions for increasing speed include m Reduce the size of your model or the time horizon of the simulation W Increase your system s RAM memory W Reduce the number of uncertain elements in the simulation m Close other applications OptQuest Methodology OptQuest implements certain procedures that make it possible to optimize simulations and complex systems Although details of the actual implementation are proprietary information of OptTek Systems Inc this section provides an overview of the methods used by OptQuest Classical Methods Optimization attempts to find the best solution to problems described with an objective function to optimize and a set of constraints to restrict the values of the decision variables The best known optimization tool is linear programming which requires that you express the objective function and constraints using linear functions The techniques to solve linear p
198. ines multiple often conflicting objectives such as maximizing returns and minimizing risks into one objective Nonlinear Terms such as x xy or 1 x make nonlinear relationships An optimization model can be linear or nonlinear depending on the form of the objective and constraints Any models that contain nonlinear terms are classified as nonlinear OptQuest can handle linear or nonlinear objectives Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 347 B OptQuest Glossary B 348 Objective A formula in terms of decision variables and output variables that provides a mathematical representation of the model s objective function Optimization A process that searches for the optimal solution to a model Optimization Model A model that seeks to maximize or minimize some quantity such as service levels or cost Output Constraint A constraint that contains one or more output variables Since output constraints contain output variables they must be evaluated after a simulation has completed and the values of the outputs can be retrieved Input constraints contain only decision variables and can be evaluated by OptQuest before running a simulation Performance For an optimization program the ability to find high quality solutions as fast as possible Probability Distribution A set of all possible events and their associated probabilities Replication A single run of the model starting with a single set of decision variables va
199. ing you can move it around as a separate window that floats on top of the other windows You can move a floating window outside of the main Micro Saint Sharp window Only Tool windows can be floating Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B To float a window 1 Right click the title of the window such as Tree View or Properties 2 Select Floating from the menu that displays so that a check mark appears adjacent to the Floating item The window appears as a separate window at the upper left corner of the screen Making Windows Dockable When a window is dockable you can move it with the mouse so that it snaps to the closest side of the Micro Saint Sharp window Y ou can make both Document and Tool windows dockable but they show different behaviors To make a window dockable 1 Right click the title of the window such as Tree View or Properties 2 Select Dockable from the menu that displays so that a check mark displays adjacent to the Dockable item Document windows automatically appear as separate windows so you can move them to a docked location Tool windows remain in the same location until you move them Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 41H E Manipulating Windows Docking Windows Once you set a window to be dockable you can dock it to any of the sides of the main Micro Saint Sharp window You can dock both Document and Tool windows To dock a window
200. inomial function 278 network animation disabling 0 ee eee 172 enabling lesse 171 network comments colors onore teks weed GIA 155 Style iad be Beeb denne 155 network diagram adding objects 71 aligning objects 73 changing levels 79 comments 151 creating aaa 70 deleting objects 72 designating start node 77 displaying variables 152 drawing paths 75 events cuc nS Ree Dus 139 functions a 131 Ko AA PAG 95 jumping to objects 78 moving objects 73 overview of window 34 PANNING ios se Ea oir ess 78 Printing mura Pasa WAN ahh Ea 86 removing paths 76 snap to grid a 72 snapshots a 145 tasks eset Sete 99 using auto layout 74 variables 0 eee eee 114 viewing object properties in HTML 83 viewing properties in HTML 85 Watches sesesee e 129 ZOOMING in ee eee ee 77 zooming out ee eee 77 networks adding se i Settee Rr tk NA 91 changing icon appearance 93 deleting aaa 94 m 368 displaying descriptions 90 editing it oue acted EMO RENE 94 overview ssssssessss 90 parameters 05 92 style of icon
201. integer from a Discrete Uniform distribution You supply the minimum and maximum values to define the distribution Distributions DiscreteUniform 4 1 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Exponential Syntax Exponential mean Description Returns a random number from an exponential distribution You supply the mean value to define the distribution A standard deviation is not used for this function Example Distributions Exponential 4 Extreme Value Type A Syntax ExtremeValueTypeA mean standard deviation Description Returns a random number from an Extreme Value Type A distribution You supply the mean and standard deviation to define the distribution Example Distributions ExtremeValueTypeA 4 1 Extreme Value Type B Syntax ExtremeValueTypeB mean standard deviation Description Returns a random number from an Extreme Value Type B distribution You supply the mean and standard deviation to define the distribution Example Distributions ExtremeValueTypeB 4 1 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 275m B Distribution Functions Gamma Syntax Gamma mean standard deviation Gamma shape Description Returns a random number from the Gamma distribution using either the mean and standard deviation or the shape factor Example Distributions Gamma 4 1 Distrubution Gamma 4 Geometric Syntax Geometric mean Description Retur
202. is added To add an object directly in the Animator window 1 Right click the mouse in the Animator window 2 Select Add Comment Add Graph or Add Way Point from the menu that displays 3 Resize the object to the appropriate size You can resize any of the items except for way points Positioning Objects Vertically You can position overlapping images in a vertical sense The Layer parameter on the Properties window determines the vertical position for an image in a layer For objects that overlap you can use the following commands m To move an object to the bottom of a group of objects select the item right click the mouse and select Move to Bottom from the menu that displays m To move an object to the top of a group of images select the item right click the mouse and select Move to Top from the menu that displays W To move an object below another object select the item right click the mouse and select Move Down from the menu that displays W To move an object above another object select the item right click the mouse and select Move Up from the menu that displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 217 E E Working With Images Working With Images E 218 You use images to represent the movement of entities in the simulation You can use a wide variety of image types with the Animator display The following image types are supported BMP GIF JPG PNG TIFF and ICO
203. item Entity Entity Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 121M B Entity Attributes W Model functions consist all the model functions such as Model Start or Model Pause These are represented in the tree view below the Variables node by the single item Model MAAD Simulator Model B Animator consists of all the animator objects These are represented in the tree view below the Animator node by the single item AnimatorNetwork Animator is an optional add on component Entity Attributes Entities are the conceptual objects that travel through a task network The entity may represent a physical object such as a part being built on a production line It may also represent a person performing the tasks Or the entity may simply trace the sequence of tasks and not correspond to anything physical You can create as many entity attributes as you need to track and record entity data As an example of an entity attribute you might add consider the attribute product type If you are simulating a manufacturing facility and products could be of type 1 or 2 you could add an entity attribute Product Type to the model Then when the simulation sets the type of product for an entity you could set the entity attribute instead of setting an array variable with a Tag index A list of entity attributes associated with the model displays in the tree view below the Entity Attributes node and in the Entities Attributes window You can disp
204. ithmetic operators assignment operators adjustment operators logical operators and if else while for loops do switch and foreach statements Constants A constant is a quantity with a fixed unvarying value usually a number Often in a model you supply expressions that are constants for numeric task descriptors such as the mean time and standard deviation or for logical task descriptors that are always true like the default release condition or always false Constants are also often used in combination with variables and mathematical or logical operators In the release condition the value ofa variable is compared with a constant In the mean time and standard deviation constant values are multiplied by variable values as adjustments Expressions that are Expressions that contain constants constants Release Condition Release Condition return 1 operators 0 Mean Time Mean Time return 9 15 1 FatigueFactor Standard Deviation Standard Deviation return 1 5 2 1 Temperature 2 i 232 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 11 Expressions B Variables A variable is a string of characters that is assigned a numeric value Variable names must begin with a letter or underscore and can be followed by zero or more letters numbers and underscore characters Valid examples include abc abc aA12 Variable names are case sensitive so name and NAME are co
205. ity An Engineering Approach Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 301 E E Types of Probability Distributions Types of Probability Distributions E 302 Micro Saint Sharp provides 20 basic and advanced probability distributions for your use Bernoulli Distribution Syntax Bernoulli psuccess Applications The Bernoulli distribution models the number of successes that can occur in a single trial with probability of success psuccess This distribution best describes situations where a trial is made resulting in either success or failure Examples include tossing a coin or modelling the success or failure of a procedure A Bernoulli trial is an experiment in which only two outcomes are possible success with probability p and failure with probability 1 p Description The Bernoulli distribution is a discrete distribution that is bounded by 0 n The Bernoulli distribution is a Binomial distribution with the number of trials 1 Beta Distribution Syntax Beta mean standard deviation Applications The Beta distribution provides distributions of random proportion and is used for models in the absence of data Examples include the proportion of defective items in a shipment the time to complete a task in a network dissipation rate in breakage models construction duration and tool wear Description The Beta distribution is a continuous distribution that has both upper and lower finite bounds Because many rea
206. ity Attribute from the menu that displays The Entity Attributes Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the entity attribute displays You can display different entity attributes in the Entity Attribute Description dialog box by clicking the left and right facing arrows in the upper right corner of the dialog box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B 2 Make your changes For details on entity attribute parameters see Entity Attribute Parameters on page 125 Deleting Entity Attributes To delete an entity attribute 1 Inthe tree view click the Entity Attributes node to expand it and then click the entity attribute to delete 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the entity and select Delete Entity Attribute from the menu that displays The entity attribute is deleted Default Entity Attributes Micro Saint Sharp automatically defines the following attributes for each entity W Entity Duration records the time each entity spends in the current task or queue You can use Entity Duration inany expression in the model Any changes you make to the Entity Duration attribute are ignored Whenever an entity leaves a queue Micro Saint Sharp sets Entity Duration equal to the time the entity spends in the queue you can record this value by setting another variable equal to Entity Duration as
207. jects A shaded box displays around the objects A small icon with a minus sign displays in the upper left corner of the group box To collapse the box to the size of a task icon click the minus icon the icon changes to a plus To expand the box to the original size click the plus icon You can move the Group box on the task network diagram as if it were any other network element The following illustration shows an example of a group Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 95m B Groups Assembly Move to Processor Processor Unit 3 Display Assembly 2 Assembly 4 gt fWovewpeck 7 Group Box Grouping Objects by First Creating a Group To group objects by first creating a group 1 Click the Task Network palette 2 Click the Group tool When you select an object a green box displays around the object 3 Click the left mouse button and while pressing the button drag the Group tool to the correct place on the task network diagram 4 Release the left mouse button The group icon displays on the task network diagram You can alternatively add a group by right clicking the mouse on the task network diagram and selecting Add Group 5 To add tasks or networks to the group drag the Task or Network tool from the Task Network palette into the group icon Bi 96 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B 6 Using the mouse move the objects within group boundaries to the correct
208. jp Fax 44 0 1462 480213 email support udit co jp Web www adeptscience com email info adeptscience co uk Contents 1 Introductio 2 tA em Lee EIE TRE 1 Micro Saint Sharp Features 0 0 0 c cece cece 2 What s New in This Release 0 a 4 About this Manual 20 0 cece eh 5 Document Conventions a 7 Using Online Help ete ec eas ee eRe A RR REN 7 Displaying Version Information 00 00 eee eee eee nee 8 Technical Support ee REID eR Se ee eR 8 2 Installing Micro Saint Sharp eee eee 9 System Requirements 0 c eee cece teen ees 10 Before you Begin Installation 0 a 11 Installing Micro Saint Sharp 00 0 cece eee eee 11 Running the Hardware Key Setup 00 00 e cece eens 12 Plugging in the Hardware Key 0 2 c eee eee eee eee eee 13 Starting Micro Saint Sharp 0 0 0 cee cece ee eee ee 14 3 Understanding Micro Saint Sharp Models 15 Elements of a Micro Saint Sharp Model 0000000 16 Data Collection and Analysis 0 0 0 0 cee cece eens 23 How to Create a Model eee eens 24 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window 29 Micro Saint Sharp Window Overview 0000 e cee eee ee 30 Micro Saint Sharp Window Components 00 00 eee ee 31 Window Configurations 000s eee cece teens 39 Manipulating Windows 0 00 c
209. ks 75 m 362 duration attribute 122 duration in Animator functions 282 E edit mode Animator 216 editing Charts sers tre ree nanga re 188 comments in the Animator 225 constraints 00 323 decision variables 321 entity attributes 126 execution settings 159 functions enl eee Rec 138 netWOIKS a lee engi tee tel 94 objectives 0000 08 327 scenario events 144 snapshots 150 task network comments 156 variables sues 120 Watches 2e eo J By heads 130 enabling network animation 171 queue data collection in task 110 queue information collection 162 snapshots 163 task data collection 101 task information collection 162 EndID in Animator functions 282 ending effect 103 color in event queue window 168 entering effect 111 entities Multiple 2 28 reet 113 Split gc toe ete ee ee 113 entity attributes deleting 002 00 127 displaying defined 123 displaying descriptions 123 duration one nengus t 122 editing aaa 126 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 groOup s rho Th MESA LALA 128 De uisu ober sk CR ex oL Lo Sec 128 parameters Lusuu 125
210. l Distribution Syntax NegativeBinomial successes probsuccess Applications The Negative Binomial distribution provides a good approximation for the sum or mixing of other discrete distributions By itself it is used to model accident statistics birth and death processes market research and consumer expenditure lending library data and biometrical data Description The Negative Binomial distribution is a discrete distribution that is bounded on the low side at 0 and unbounded on the high side Normal Distribution Syntax Normal mean standard deviation Applications The Normal distribution is commonly used for errors of various types such as in the impact point of a bomb or quantities that are the sum of a large number of other quantities Description The Normal distribution is a continuous distribution that is unbounded It is also known as the bell curve In a Normal distribution each value is equally likely to fall on either side of the mean A plot of the frequency for the occurrence of each value is bell shaped with the highest point of the bell occurring at the mean value The Normal distribution is frequently used to represent symmetrical data but is unbound in both directions If the data is known to have a lower bound it may be better represented by suitable parameterization of the Lognormal Weibull or Gamma distributions If the data is known to have both upper and lower bounds the Beta distribution can
211. l situations can be bounded in this way the Beta distribution can be used empirically to estimate the actual distribution before much data are available Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 13 Probability Distributions B Binomial Distribution Syntax Binomial ntrials psuccess Applications The Binomial distribution models the number of successes that can occur in a sequence of ntrials with probability of psuccess in each trial For example if you test a product part five times and each test has a ten percent probability of success the number of successes is usually zero or one If each test has a fifty percent probability of success the number of successes would usually be two or three The Binomial distribution is used extensively in games but is also useful in genetics sampling of defective parts in a stable process and other event sampling tests where the probability of the event is known to be constant or nearly constant Description The Binomial distribution is a discrete distribution that is bounded by 0 n Typically it is used where a single trial is repeated over and over Discrete Uniform Distribution Syntax DiscreteUniform minimum maximum Applications The Discrete Uniform distribution is used where there is random occurrence with several possible outcomes each of which is equally likely Description The Discrete Uniform distribution is a discrete distribution that is bounded on minimum
212. lay Release the left mouse button The object is added to the Animator window Do any of the following Reposition the item to the correct location Resize any images to the size that you want For details see Adding Images to the Animator Display on page 219 Add any charts you want to include and enter the chart parameters For details see Adding Charts to the Animator Display on page 222 Repeat steps 3 to 5 for all the objects you want to add to the Animator display Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 227 E Executing the Animator Simulation Add any Animator functions to the task network task descriptions to control the images image text background way points and comments Run the simulation Executing the Animator Simulation To execute the Animator simulation you run the model simulation When running Animator you must run the simulation in Realtime mode for the animation to synchronize correctly with the simulation see page 161 To execute the Animator simulation l 2 Open the Animator display From the Execution menu select Begin Simulation or press Ctrl G The model executes For details on setting simulation speed and other execution parameters see Running the Model on page 157 Copying the Animator Display E 228 You can copy the Animator display and paste it into another application The Animator display is copied as an image To copy the Animator display 1
213. lay entity attribute descriptions and add edit and delete entity attributes For a list of default entity attributes see Default Entity Attributes on page 127 E 122 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Displaying Defined Entity Attributes To display defined entity attributes In the tree view click the Entity Attributes item to expand it A list of defined entity attributes displays in the tree view and in the Entity Attributes window The attribute name type and initial value are listed Name Type Initial Value Event Group ID qtime Tag Test Time Type UniquelD Test2 MAAD Simulator Utilities EE ventT ype int string FloatingPoint int int FloatingPoint MAAD Simulator Utilities Entity T ype int int EEventT ype BeginningEffect 0 0 EEntityT ype StandardBegin 0 0 Displaying Entity Attribute Descriptions To display an entity attribute description 1 Inthe tree view click the Entity Attributes item to expand it 2 Double click the entity name You can alternatively right click the entity in the tree view and select Edit Entity Attribute from the menu that displays The Entity Attribute Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the attribute displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 123m B Entity Attributes Adding Entity Attributes To add an entity
214. lay in the Output window and a brief explanation of each error is provided Double clicking an error displays the dialog box where the error occurs where you can correct it 8 Runand debug the model After you start the model execution menu the symbolic animation of the network diagram displays the entities as they travel through the system Micro Saint Sharp has several different built in tools that you can use to help you locate any logic errors in the model The Watches window displays the values of selected variables during model execution The Event Queue window displays the values of scheduled events The Output window displays the actions that occur when you run the model along with any syntax errors The Line Debugger window increases the resolution for debugging a model simulation When you step through model simulation execution occurs one line of code at a time Comment boxes can display the values of variables and expressions at any location in the task network Additionally the snapshot data queue information and task information data files contain valuable information that you can use to help debug the model Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 270 E How to Create a Model E 28 9 Add data collection Once the model is running smoothly you can define snapshots to collect the values of variables at specified points during model execution and run the model once or multiple times with snapshots
215. lays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1778 E Controlling Execution Speed E 178 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 m 9 Analyzing Model Data When you run a model Micro Saint Sharp produces data regarding the model run based on parameters that you set up in the Execution Settings dialog box You can collect trace task queue and snapshot data and export it to external applications for analysis In addition to these data sets you can collect the values of the variables during model execution Micro Saint Sharp provides twenty different charts that you can use for data analysis Charts are listed in the tree view and are saved with each model You can display a list of all defined charts display the definition for an individual chart and add edit and delete charts You can also format charts copy charts paste charts print charts and save charts as an image file Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 179 B Trace Data Files Trace Data Files The trace data file contains a record of the beginning and ending time of each task as the model executes Trace data displays in the Output window as a model executes The following information displays W Clock value W Clock times for beginning effects ending effects and scenario events W Application errors m Whether plugins were loaded successfully W Start and end of a simulation To collect trace data you must enable the display of trace data For details see Viewing
216. le bar of the window The icon points to the left when auto hide is enabled When you move the mouse and the focus to another window the window in auto hide mode minimizes and a tab displays on the edge of the Micro Saint Sharp window with its name Properties nx ge E Push Pin icon Tree View window in auto hide mode mala aa Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 45H E Manipulating Windows E 46 Displaying Windows in Auto Hide Mode Windows in auto hide mode display as a tab along the edge of the Micro Saint Sharp main window with the name of the window To display a window in auto hide mode Move the cursor over the window tab The window slides back into view and is ready for use When you click the mouse off the window the window loses focus and automatically slides back to the tab on the edge of the main window Disabling Auto Hide Mode Disabling auto hide mode returns the window to its previous position To disable auto hide mode 1 Move the cursor over the tab for the window so that the window redisplays Right click the window title and select Auto Hide so that the check mark adjacent to it is cleared You can alternatively click the push pin icon on the title bar of the window The icon points in a downward direction when auto hide is disabled Moving Windows To move any window 1 Click and drag the title bar of the window to the new location while pressing the left mo
217. led descriptions of the parameters in the Return Information tab Name Contains the function name Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1358 B Functions Type Contains the variable type for the return value Selections include integer floating string boolean entity arbitrary object and void Void types do not return a value For descriptions see Variable Types on page 118 Arbitrary Type Contains the return type when the value is not one of the default return types included with Micro Saint Sharp such as a function that returns a Socket object Type the return type in this text box Is Array Indicates whether the return value is an array Dimensions Contains the indexes for the return value when it is an array Type the upper index for each dimension separated by a comma By default the lower index for each dimension is zero For example if you enter 30 40 50 60 you are defining a four dimensional array with indices of 0 29 0 39 0 49 and 0 59 There is no limit on the number of dimensions you can use B 136 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Parameters Tab The Parameters tab contains optional variables that a function can assign to a local variable inside the function Function parameters are temporary variables that are sent into a function DY Task Network n Function 1 4bx Name uim t 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Parameters Followi
218. logic 76 drawing between tasks 75 removing Re 76 Patlis tab eo iv oy ood ones 106 Pause function 258 pausing model execution 175 Pearson Type 5 distribution 310 Pearson Type 6 distribution 311 PearsonTyped function 279 PearsonType6 function 279 pie charts 00202 00 195 Placelmage function 292 PointList in Animator functions 282 poisson distribution 311 Poisson function 279 Pow function 2 270 printing Animator display 229 Charte recs Synt ehem 210 network diagram 86 PrintOutput function 259 priority queues 111 probabilistic decision type 107 probability distributions bernoulli 0 4 302 betae nt en c br iios ee ers 302 369m m Index binomial 4 303 continuous 300 discrete a 300 discrete uniform 303 exponential 304 Extreme Value Type A 304 Extreme Value Type B 305 gamma ess 305 geometric 00a 306 inverse gaussian 306 lOGISUG x et 307 loglogistic 00 307 lognormal ssssssss 308 negative binomial 309
219. lues and producing a single value for the objective function response If the model contains uncertain elements then an evaluation simulation of a single set of decision variables values should involve multiple replications to get a more reliable estimate of the objective function value Response An output from the model Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E Scatter Search A population based metaheuristic that operates on a collection of reference points which results in good solutions to a problem The Scatter search approach systematically generates linear combinations of the reference points to create new points each of which maps to an associated point that yields integer values for discrete variables Sequence Variable Sequence variables are used to solve sequencing problems such as the order in which paint should be mixed to minimize cleanup time between color changes The value of the sequence variable represents the location within the sequence Simulation or experiment A set of replications using the same set of decision variables values intended to evaluate the expected value of the objective function OptQuest finds the best objective by running many experiments or simulations using different sets of decision variable values Solution A certain set of values such as a strategy or scenario for the decision variables Note that solution refers to the decision variable values not to th
220. mator functions 281 U uniform distribution 312 uniquelD attribute 128 V variables adding oe an hy ote 116 arbitrary 20 0 lareira oei eee 119 array dimensions 120 array setting 119 pooled Sae ness a aeae 118 decision 2 0 eee eee 317 defined aaa 233 373 m m index deleting aaa 121 displaying defined 115 displaying descriptions 115 doubles a 118 editing E E 120 ntity si NANG kaa NO eee 118 floating cee eee ee eee 118 GlOD al sieves ois tates o aad ee 233 initial value 119 integer resora ee 118 locals isto e eee eae 233 name restrictions 116 Object aa ree 118 parameters 5 117 feal teste RI 118 SCOPING Hunda ke RIDE kd te 233 SUING usse eterne phi dE Pes 118 SYSTEM AA e NER 121 TYPOS ated eater ae peed eens Sere ee 118 W WallClock function 265 watches adding i ss essre seror cee eee eee 129 deleting 200s 130 editing c et et Rete 130 NAMES os neprinesie ie tdi ped 129 watches window overview 38 way points adding wwe neces yea 223 defined sessi seed 223 deleting 00 ee 224 WayPointID in Animator functions 281 WayPointIDList in Animator functions 283 weibull distribution 313 Weibull function
221. menu does not have a border around it i 206 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B To display the Data Editor Right click anywhere in the chart and select Data Editor from the menu that displays When the Data Editor is displayed the Data Editor icon in the right click menu has a border around it Formatting the Label Text You can control the size font and style of the text used for the labels on the X and Y axis To format label text 1 Right click the menu anywhere in the chart and select Font from the menu that displays The Font dialog box displays Font L2 1x Eont Font style Size RA ya O Arial Black Italic E Cancel O Arial Narrow Bold 10 O Book Antiqua Bold Italic O Bookman Old Style O Century Gothic T Century Schoolbook xl Effects Sample Strikeout T Underline AaBbYyZz Script Westem ha 2 Select the appropriate options and click OK The chart refreshes with the new text style Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 2078 B Variable Data Files Formatting the Legend Box The legend box contains a list of the series plotted on the chart and the color used for each series You can control the position of the legend box and set the font for the text used in the legend box To move the legend box Right click the legend box and select one of the following To position the legend box along the left side of the chart select L
222. mments in expressions 235 Compiler tab execution settings 164 constants defined 2 245 232 functions 266 m 360 constraint feasible definition 345 constraints adding ooo e a 322 definition 08 317 deleting 000 200 324 displaying 0 005 322 editing docere Dez 323 feasibility a 324 USING oon Det uter NAL Iglap nag 324 continuous probability distributions 300 contour charts a 191 Copylmage function 285 copying Animator display 228 Charts aaa aaa a karaan 209 graphical network diagram 81 objects eee ee 81 iu haah ee eee ak Mal a 81 Cos function aaa 268 Cosh function 000 268 CreateComment function 285 CreateEntity function 256 Createlmage function 286 CreatelmageAtWayPoint function 287 CreateWayPoint function 287 creating groups ha aha ah Namban 95 96 MODEIS jos Pe ae eee eS 60 network diagram 70 cube charts aa 191 curve area charts 192 curve charts ceon isi a 192 customizing toolbar buttons 51 cutting Objects aha Patines Peet 81 TOXE hn bent T e BEN Pia 81 D data queue data files 181 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 snapshot data file 182 task data files
223. model items that displays a list of all the item properties Properties can be changed directly in the Properties window or in the associated dialog box for any model item m Multiple charts that can be used to plot variable data as a function of the clock time or as a function of another variable m Enhanced functionality on the task network diagram including Groups collections of similar tasks that resemble a network and can be minimized and Comments the display of text or the values of variables during execution W Ability to export all model items in HTML format and all data files in xml format m Fully customizable toolbar About this Manual The Micro Saint Sharp User Guide contains the following chapters and glossary Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter contains an overview of Micro Saint Sharp lists the contents of the guide explains how to use the online help feature and outlines the conventions used in documentation Chapter 2 Installing Micro Saint Sharp This chapter describes system requirements and how to install and start Micro Saint Sharp Chapter 3 Understanding Micro Saint Sharp Models This chapter describes the various elements of a Micro Saint Sharp model Sections include the task network entities variables functions data collection snapshots scenario events data collection and analysis The chapter concludes with a general discussion of the steps involved in creating debugging and running a M
224. n MyArray Model PrintOutput current current Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 249m E Foreach Statements B 250 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 m 12 Built in Functions Micro Saint Sharp includes a large number of built in functions that you can use to calculate values When Micro Saint Sharp encounters the function it executes the function and returns a value The built in functions in Micro Saint Sharp include the following categories m Modeling functions which perform actions such as starting or stopping tasks and pausing or stopping model executions M Mathematical functions which perform mathematical operations such as minimum maximum and trigonometric functions m Distribution functions which create probability distributions B Animator functions which create and move Animator images and control the attributes of the Animator display Animator is an optional add on component Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 251 B Function Syntax and Usage Function Syntax and Usage A Micro Saint Sharp built in function consists of a word identifying the function type Model Math Distribution or Animator followed by a period and then followed by the function name If the function requires values supplied to it include the values in parentheses following the function name otherwise type the parentheses but leave them empty The values you supply in the parentheses can be numbers var
225. n facing arrow to the right of any toolbar section The flyover text Toolbar Options displays 2 Click Add or Remove buttons A list of buttons on the toolbar displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 53m E Customizing the Micro Saint Sharp Toolbar 3 Select the button to add The button is added to the toolbar In the list of buttons a check mark displays adjacent to the button name The button will be placed at the end of the toolbar To place the button in its original position click Reset Adding Custom Toolbar Buttons You can add additional buttons to the toolbars for any of the Micro Saint Sharp commands To add custom toolbar buttons l E 54 Click the down facing arrow to the right of any toolbar section The flyover text Toolbar Options displays Click Add or Remove buttons Click Customize The Customize Toolbars dialog box displays Click the Commands tab The list of Micro Saint Sharp menus displays on the left side of the tab in the Categories box When you select a menu the associated commands display on the right in the Commands box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B Customize toolbars Toolbars To add a command to a toolbar select a category and drag the command out of this dialog box to a toolbar Categories Commands P Check for Errors Begin Simulation ti Pause Simulation Step Simulation Hat Simulation
226. n reset the toolbar configuration at any time to the original configuration To reset the toolbar configuration From the View menu select Reset Toolbars The original toolbar configuration is restored Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B Customizing the Look and Feel of Toolbars You can customize the display of toolbars by setting them to have the look and feel of Office XP Windows XP or Windows Classic You can also change the foreground color background color and font of the toolbars To customize the look and feel of a toolbar 1 Click the down facing arrow to the right of any toolbar section The flyover text Toolbar Options displays 2 Click Add or Remove buttons 3 Click Customize The Customize Toolbars dialog box displays 4 Click the Options tab A list of toolbar options displays Customize toolbars Toolbars Commands m Look and Feel WindowsxP X v Smooth Images Colors and Font Change Fore Color Change Back Color Change Font Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 57 E Customizing the Micro Saint Sharp Toolbar E 58 In the Look and Feel section do any of the following Tosetthe toolbar format to Office XP style select Office XP When you make this selection you can also select the Smooth Images check box if you want smoothed images To setthe toolbar look and feel to Windows XP s
227. n the task network diagram extends over more than one page click one of the buttons to the right of the Magnifying glass one two three four or six pages To add a header to the task network diagram click the Page Setup button and type the header information The header information prints on each page i 86 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 6 Network Diagram B Tochange the size that the diagram is printed click the Page Setup button and select the size from the Zoom list box To scroll through the pages when the task network extends over more than one page click the Up and Down arrows adjacent to the right of the Page box in the upper right corner ofthe Print Preview window Toclose the Print Preview window click the Close button 3 When you are ready to print the task network diagram click the Print button on the Print Preview window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 37 E B Printing the Task Network Diagram E 88 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 m Model Components The graphical display of a Micro Saint Sharp model shows the networks groups tasks queues decision nodes and paths connecting these items You can also use comments to add headers for clarification add other text to the task network diagram and display values of variables on the task network diagram as the model runs In addition to the graphical task network diagram Micro Saint Sharp uses variables functions snapsho
228. nap to grid feature is disabled you can move objects in a continuous line Snap to grid aids you in aligning the objects on the network diagram To enable snap to grid From the Utilities menu select Enable Snap to Grid The Snap to Grid feature is enabled and a check mark displays adjacent to the Snap to Grid option in the Utilities menu As you move objects on the network diagram they snap to the invisible grid Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 6 Network Diagram B To disable snap to grid From the Utilities menu select Enable Snap to Grid The Snap to Grid feature is disabled and the check mark adjacent to Snap to Grid item is removed As you move objects on the network diagram they move in a continuous line Moving Network Objects Once placed you can move any of the network objects on the network diagram Any associated paths automatically move and adjust to the new location To move a network object 1 Click the object once with the left mouse button A box displays around the object to show it is selected 2 Click the object again and while pressing the left mouse button move the object to the new location Aligning Network Objects You can align network objects with one another along a vertical line or along a horizontal line You can also center objects vertically or horizontally Micro Saint Sharp aligns the objects with the leftmost rightmost highest or lowest object To align network obj
229. ncounters the function it executes the function and returns a value that can be used in the expression Built in functions include the following categories Modeling functions which perform actions such as starting or stopping tasks and pausing or stopping model executions Mathematical functions which perform mathematical operations such as minimum maximum and trigonometric functions Distribution functions which generate random numbers for task execution according to a certain distribution Animator functions which create dispose and move Animator images and control the attributes of the Animator display Animator is an optional add on component Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 21H E Elements of a Micro Saint Sharp Model Custom functions are particularly useful for calculations or procedures that you want to execute at more than one place in a model For example you might create a function to calculate machine utilization and use it to calculate utilization for various machines When functions are called in Micro Saint Sharp they are followed by parentheses such as CalculateTime To return a value from a function the function itself must be defined with a return value for example an integer Scenario Events Scenario events provide a way for you to cause events to occur at specific times during model execution These can be one time events or events that repeat at regular intervals Scenario even
230. ng ending and launch effects The beginning effect is executed when the task begins execution and the ending effect is executed when the task finishes execution The launch effect is often used to execute expressions that cause Animator events The launch effect is similar to a beginning effect except that it is evaluated after the task execution time or the Entity Duration is calculated The Launch Effect field usually contains the function calls describing the image movements The launch effect allows the Animator and task network to remain in synchronization by having the image movements last as long as the task does Micro Saint Sharp provides the following types of Animator functions Image Image Text Background Way Point and Comments For details on Animator functions and function parameters see Animator Functions on page 281 i 226 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 10 Animator Bi Developing an Animator Display The following procedure summarizes how to develop an Animator display To develop an Animator display 1 2 Open the Animator window Add the images that you want to use to the Animator palette For details see Adding Images to the Animator Palette on page 218 From the Animator palette select the item you want to add When you select an item a green box displays around the item Click the left mouse button and while pressing the button drag the item to the Animator disp
231. ng are detailed descriptions of the fields in the Function Parameters tab Parameters Contains a list of optional values that the function can call For example you could add a parameter called a to the parameter list for a function When the function code is executed the parameter a is available such as return a 10 To adda variable click the Add button and enter the Name Type Array information and Arbitrary type To remove a variable select it and click the Remove button For details on the variable parameters see Variable Parameters on page 117 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 137 M B Functions Editing Functions To edit a function 1 In the tree view click the Functions node to expand it and then double click the function to edit You can alternatively right click the function in the tree view and select Edit Function from the menu that displays The Function Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the function displays You can display different functions in the Function Description dialog box by clicking the left and right facing arrows in the upper right corner of the dialog box Make your changes For details on function parameters see Function Parameters on page 134 Deleting Functions To delete a function 1 E 138 In the tree view click the Functions node to expand it and then click the function to delete Pr
232. normal sade SE PRIUS 309 Overview 020 0c ee eee 300 Pareto 5 pe sie RI 310 Pearson Type 5 310 Pearson type 6 311 POISSON cscs LOVE 311 rectangular uniform 312 references 2 4 302 scale parameter 301 shape parameter 301 triangular 2 312 weibull 2 05 313 Properties tab Chia lits a i eek etn cet c ou Gt 185 functions 2 134 scenario events 142 snapshots eteri a A 147 properties window expanding 0 eee ee eee 35 overview esses 35 SOMING d onere he ese hea ae ow eee 35 push pin icon 2 005 45 pyramid charts 000005 196 queue data collection m 370 enabling in execution settings 162 enabling in task 110 queue data files exporting ses 0 0 cece eee ee 63 information in 181 Queue tab Luess 109 queue types ll E see ae A E RHET 110 bIEQL A a dee iuba ipe SERES 110 SOFed Cae sea RN 110 queues departing effect 111 entering effect 111 PMOL Deo etse c EE KA ne 111 TYPOS Ainii arr an e Oran 110 R radar charts 2 0 5 196 Random model function 259 random seed 00 eee ee 161 Randomlnteger function 259 RandomSeed function
233. ns a random number from a Geometric distribution You supply the mean to define the distribution Example Distributions Geometic 4 Inverse Gaussian Syntax Description Example E 276 InverseGaussian mean standard deviation Returns a random number from an Inverse Gaussian distribution You supply the mean and standard deviation to define the distribution Distributions InverseGaussian 4 1 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Logistic Syntax Logistic mean standard deviation Description Returns a random number from a Logistic distribution You supply the mean and standard deviation to define the distribution Example Distributions Logistic 4 1 LogLogistic Syntax LogLogistic scale shape Description Returns a random number from a LogLogistic distribution You supply the scale and shape factors to define the distribution Example Distributions LogLogistic 4 1 Lognormal Syntax Lognormal mean standard deviation Description Returns a random number from a lognormal distribution You supply the mean and standard deviation values to define the distribution Example Distributions Lognormal 4 1 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 277 B Distribution Functions Negative Binomial Syntax Description Example Normal Syntax Description Example Pareto Syntax Description Example E 278 NegativeBinomial success
234. nsidered to be different variables The Microsoft C language reserves 76 words for its own use Do not use any of these keywords as variable names For a list of reserved names see page 116 You can change the value assigned to a variable at any time using the assignment operator or one of the adjustment operators In the following example the variable Operators representing the number of operators available to perform the task decreases by one when the task starts and increases by one when it finishes You can use a variable in any place that you would use a constant in an expression Beginning Effect Operators 1 or Operators Operators 1 Ending Effect Operators 1 or Operators Operators 1 Variable Scoping Global variables must be defined in the variable list in Micro Saint Sharp Local variables do not need to be defined in the variable list but are defined inside of a code section for example Beginning Effect or Queue Priority Effect Local variables can be used to hold temporary values An example might be when you are using a for loop Rather than defining a global variable that iterates the loop you could use a local variable as the loop iterator Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 233 B Functions For example for int i20 i 10 i Model PrintOutput i i The variable i is defined as an integer at the beginning of the loop and is
235. nto the job Entities are released in the order you specify when you define the queue First In First Out FIFO Last In First Out LIFO or sorted on a priority expression you specify Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Glossary B Queue Priority An expression to use in sorting the entities in a queue When it is time to release an entity from the queue the value of the Priority Expression for each entity in the queue is calculated The entity with the highest priority value is released into the next job For the priority expression to be meaningful it must have different values for different entities For this reason the Priority Expression is usually based on the value of an entity attribute value for the entity in question Random Number Seed A number between approximately 2 billion and 2 billion used to generate random numbers for calculating task execution times and taking probabilistic paths through the network You supply the random number seed when you define the Execution settings for a model Release Condition An expression that is evaluated to determine whether a job can execute A job can execute only when the value of the release condition is nonzero or true You supply the release condition when you define the job The default release condition is one which is always true Run Current run number in cases where there are multiple runs The run number can be accessed through the expression Model RunNumber
236. nvolved in creating debugging and running a Micro Saint Sharp model Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 15 E Elements of a Micro Saint Sharp Model Elements of a Micro Saint Sharp Model A Micro Saint Sharp model consists of the following elements A task network that executes a sequence of tasks with variability under conditions and in sequences that you specify Entities that are the conceptual objects that travel through a task network Variables you define to represent changeable system states or characteristics with values that change as effects of tasks queues or scenario events Functions that return values or perform procedures when they are called in tasks queues or scenario events Snapshots that collect the values of particular variables when triggered by conditions that you specify Scenario events that you schedule to occur at specific clock times to change the values of variables These elements and their interrelationships are shown in the following diagram The diagram does not show a logical flow of model execution but illustrates the general relationships between the aspects of a model E 16 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 3 Understanding Micro Saint Sharp Models E Elements of a Micro Saint Sharp Model Variables 73 x Changeable values that represent the state of the NUS Lf system PartsDone PartsFailed FailedTest2 O MachinesAvailable FailedTest1 FailedT
237. o execute The initializer sets the initial value of the iterator the condition controls whether the execution occurs and the iterator value either increments or decrements the initializer value The expressions execute as long as condition is true For example in the following statements as long as the value of j is less than 10 the value 1 is added to 3 and the number of workers is decreased by one for int j20 j 10 j workers When a for loop is executed Micro Saint Sharp first checks whether the condition is true if so it executes the following expression Then it checks the condition again if it is still true Micro Saint Sharp executes following expression again This process continues until the condition becomes false When Micro Saint Sharp determines the condition is false it does not execute the following expression again The condition should always be one that eventually becomes false otherwise you have an infinite loop that does not stop processing Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 11 Expressions B Do Statements The while and for statements both test the boolean expression at the top of the loop Therefore if the expression is false on the first test the body of the loop will not execute There may be instances where you want the body to run once For these cases use the do statement The syntax ofa do statement is the following do expression while boolean expression
238. og box displays Find Replace olx Find What Use Regular Expressions Replace With Look In Everything hd Replace Close Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 65 B B Replacing Text 2 Inthe Find What box type the text string to search for The search feature is case sensitive so consider capitalization when you enter the string for example Time is different than time Space characters are allowed in the string 3 In the Look In section select the model elements to search Options include Everything Tasks Functions Scenario Events Snapshots Variables and Entity Variables 4 Click Find Micro Saint Sharp searches for the text string and displays each occurrence in the lower part of the Find Replace dialog box 5 Click Close to close the Find Replace dialog box Replacing Text To change a string of text in the model to a different string of text you use the Find command You can search the entire model or selected components only tasks functions scenario events snapshots variables and entity variables To replace text 1 From the Edit menu select Find The Find Replace dialog box displays 2 Inthe Find What box type the text string to search for The search feature is case sensitive so consider capitalization when you enter the string for example Time is different than time Space characters are allowed in the string i 66 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 5 Basic
239. olbars You can display or remove any of the toolbar sections from the Micro Saint Sharp main toolbar To display or remove a toolbar 1 Click the down facing arrow to the right of any toolbar section The flyover text Toolbar Options displays 2 Click Add or Remove buttons 3 Click Customize The Customize Toolbars dialog box displays Customize toolbars i Commands ptions Button Look Image Only C Text Only C Text and Image dak File System Execution Button Layout C Text on Left Text on Right C Te gt C Text Below Button Align Customize Button C c C Near Center Far New Rename Delete Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 40H E Customizing the Micro Saint Sharp Toolbar E 50 Do any of the following To remove a toolbar select the check box adjacent to the toolbar name to clear the check mark Although you can delete a toolbar removing the toolbar is recommended instead in case you want to use the toolbar at a later time To add a toolbar select the check box adjacent to the name of the toolbar so that a check mark appears To include the Add or Remove Buttons and Customize command on the toolbar select the Customize Button check box To reset the configuration to the original configuration click Reset The new toolbar configuration displays Click OK to close the Customize Toolbars dialog box Adding New
240. omplex Description The Poisson distribution is a discrete distribution that is bounded at 0 on the low side and unbounded on the high side Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 311 E Types of Probability Distributions E 312 Rectangular Uniform Distribution Syntax Applications Description Rectangular mean minimum The Rectangular distribution is used to represent a random variable with constant likelihood of being in any small interval between minimum and maximum and centered around the mean The Rectangular distribution is primarily used to represent mechanical tasks rather than natural processes For example when a pedestrian encounters a Don t Walk light at an intersection the amount of time she has to wait for a Walk light is rectangularly distributed The wait could take zero seconds or as long as the maximum length of the Don t Walk light The Rectangular distribution is a continuous distribution bounded on both sides It is a special case of the Beta distribution It is also called the Uniform distribution Most random number generators provide samples from the Uniform distribution on 0 1 and then convert these samples to random variates from other distributions Triangular Distribution Syntax Applications Description Triangular mode minimum maximum The Triangular distribution is often used when no or little data is available it is rarely an accurate representation of a data set
241. on models to answer questions such as How many machines of each kind should we purchase you can find the answer that maximizes performance for example throughput while meeting budget and other constraints If you asked How is performance of an emergency room effected by changes of the staff levels you can additionally determine how to schedule doctors and nurses to maximize performance And if you wonder Which routing rules should I select to send data over a network you can select the one that utilizes the network more effectively for example by minimizing operating costs How OptQuest Interacts with Micro Saint Sharp B 316 OptQuest works with Micro Saint Sharp by sharing variables between Micro Saint Sharp and OptQuest You can directly choose the variables that will have an effect on the Micro Saint Sharp results This includes every aspect of an optimization model including constraints decision variables and the optimization problem itself When the optimization runs 1 OptQuest feeds a potential solution to the Micro Saint Sharp model by setting the decision variable values 2 Micro Saint Sharp runs one simulation to evaluate the solution 3 OptQuest takes the resulting response values from Micro Saint Sharp 4 OptQuest analyzes the results of the simulation and uses its intelligent search procedures to generate a new potential solution which it then sends to Micro Saint Sharp Micro Saint Sharp User Gui
242. onents B Adding Networks A network can contain other networks within it In a model all networks are subnetworks except for the top network Y Note All incoming tasks in a subnetwork display in blue and all outgoing tasks display in red To add a network 1 From the Task Network palette drag the Network tool to the correct place on the task network diagram You can alternatively right click the mouse on the network diagram and select Add Network from the menu that displays Micro Saint Sharp automatically numbers the network and adds it to the tree view below the Network node 2 To display the network in the task network diagram double click the network icon in the task network diagram 3 To edit the network properties use the Properties window for the network Network parameters are described in the following section Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 91H B Networks E 92 Network Parameters Network parameters consist of the ItemID name notes and parameters controlling the appearance of the network icon Properties Network_2 14 n xX S e 14 Name Network 2 Notes El Visual BackgroundColor TC LightGreen BorderColor Wl Black FontSize 10 FontType Arial Shape Rectangle TextColor Hl Black Misc ItemID Contains the number of the network This number is automatically assigned by Micro Saint Sharp but you can change it by entering a new value ID numbers must be
243. ontinuous W Discrete distributions return integer values and are primarily used in simulating numbers of random events and not in simulating times Discrete probability distributions provided by Micro Saint Sharp include Bernoulli Binomial Discrete Uniform Geometric Negative Binomial and Poisson W Continuous distributions include mean standard deviation distributions scale shape distributions and minimum value distributions Mean standard deviation distributions use mean and or standard deviation as inputs for the distribution Mean standard continuous probability distributions provided by Micro Saint Sharp include Beta Exponential Extreme Value Type A Extreme Value Type B Gamma Inverse Gaussian Logistic Lognormal and Normal distributions Scale shape distributions use standard scale and shape parameters as inputs for the distribution see the following page for a description of these parameters These distributions can have undefined means and standard deviations or are not trivial to convert to a mean and standard deviation dependent function Scale shape continuous probability distributions provided by Micro Saint Sharp include LogLogistic Pearson Type 5 Pearson Type 6 and Weibull Minimum value distributions use a minimum and or maximum in addition to mean and or scale as inputs for the distribution Minimum value continuous probability distributions provided by Micro Saint Sharp include the Pareto Rectangular and
244. oordinate position on the Animator display The 0 0 position in the Animator display is the upper left corner of the window To determine the coordinates of a position click anywhere on the Animator display and the coordinates display in the status bar Y The y coordinate position on the Animator display The 0 0 position in the Animator display is the upper left corner of the window To determine the coordinates of a position click anywhere on the Animator display and the coordinates display in the status bar PointList An IEnumerable containing PointF objects A PointF object is basically a coordinate in decimal form As an example assume you use the following to create a PointF object PointF ptl new PointF 1 0f 4 9f To add this to an array List you could do the following PointF ptl new PointF 1 0f 4 9f ArrayList ptList new ArrayList ptList Add pt1 You can then pass pt List as an array of points Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B To add this to an hash table you could do the following PointF ptl new PointF 1 0f 4 9f Hashtable ptHash new Hashtable ptHash Add pt1 You can then pass ptHash as an IEnumerable of points To add this to an array you could do the following PointF pt1 new PointF 1 0f 4 9f Object ptArray new Object 1 ptArray 0 ptl You can then pass ptArray as an IEnumerable of points M WayPointIDList
245. or Display To clear the background of the Animator display Right click in the Animator display and select Clear Background from the menu that displays The background is removed Charts in the Animator Display You can add charts to the Animator display Charts are created in the same way as for the network diagram see Adding Charts on page 184 for details The main difference with Animator charts is that you can place and size the graphs on the Animator display In this way you can see images moving on the Animator display and additionally view the data and charts in the same window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 221 E Charts in the Animator Display E 222 The Chart Description dialog box contains an additional tab for charts in the Animator display The Animator tab contains the Unique ID Center X Center Y and layer values for the chart Adding Charts to the Animator Display To add a chart to the Animator display 1 Drag the Chart tool from the Animator palette onto the Animator display to the location where you want it You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Add Graph from the menu that displays Resize the chart to the appropriate size To resize a chart click the chart Small boxes or handles display at the corners and along the sides Select one of the handles and drag the box to resize the chart while pressing the left mouse button On the Animator display double click the char
246. or disable the update during model execution To maximize execution speed disable the update of Comment variables to display v Note You must enable the display of trace data before you can enable the update of comment variables see page 166 To update Comment variables during model execution From the Utilities menu select Update Comment Variables so that a check mark displays adjacent to the label Update Comment Variables The next time you run the model simulation any variables selected for display in Comments dynamically update as the model executes E170 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model B To disable the update of Comment variables during model execution From the Utilities menu select Update Comment Variables so that the check mark adjacent to the label Update Comment Variables clears The next time you run the model simulation any variables selected for display in Comments do not update Viewing Network Animation During Simulation When you execute a Micro Saint Sharp model you can view the model execution as it occurs using network animation When you enable network animation you can watch entities move through the network diagram When an entity is in a task the task highlights in a blue color The number of entities in a task or queue are indicated by numbers above that display above the task or queue Disabling network animation speeds model execution v Note Yo
247. order to process a set of jobs Even with fewer than a hundred jobs to order the number of alternative configurations is astronomical Using all of today s computers working at once it would take longer than the age of the universe to enumerate seventy jobs Metaheuristics Since practical problems are not becoming easier to solve and practitioners need solutions to increasingly complex problems researchers have developed solution procedures called metaheuristics which guide other heuristics to search for solutions Heuristics provide approximate solutions to complex problems For example a production heuristic might give priority to jobs with the shortest estimated processing time Depending on the context this heuristic or processing rule might actually work fairly well However in some other situations the results might be disastrous with dire consequences for equipment utilization production lead times and work in process inventory B 340 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E The alternatives were less than encouraging either seek optimal solutions to simplified problems or seek sub optimal and possibly very poor solutions to complex systems Metaheuristics arose with the goal of providing something better The aspiration was to integrate intelligent procedures and fast computer implementations to address complex problems without simplifying them and to provide high quality solutions Dedicated study
248. ot has a clock trigger Stop time Contains the stop time if the snapshot has a clock trigger Auto Export Select this check box to automatically export the snapshot file Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B File Name Enter or select the file name and location for the snapshot file Expressions Tab The Expressions tab contains the variables or expressions that you want stored Task Network g Snapshot1 4bx Se Name s Properties Expressions Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Expressions tab e Expressions Contains the expressions for which you want Micro Saint Sharp to record values To add an expression click the Add button and enter the expression in the Expression text box To remove an expression select the expression and click the Remove button After you have defined snapshots you must also enable their collection in the Execution Settings dialog box For details see Running the Model on page 157 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 149 E B Snapshots E 150 Notes Tab The Notes tab contains any notes about the snapshot Entering notes is optional but notes can be useful for clarity and future reference Gm Task Network Gif Snapshots 4bx Name Snapshatt Properties Expressions Notes Editing Snapshots To edit a snapshot 1 In the tree view click the Snapsh
249. ote Function names are case sensitive The following diagram shows the parameters used in trigonometric functions opposite adjacent Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 265 W B Math Functions B 266 Constants The Mathematical class of functions contains two constants W E represents the natural logarithmic base specified by the constant e You call this constant with the phrase Math E m Pi represents the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter and is specified by the constant IT You call this constant with the phrase Math Pi Abs Syntax Abs value Description Returns the absolute value of value Example Math Abs 3 returns the value 3 Acos Syntax Acos value Description Returns the angle in degrees 0 180 whose cosine is value Example Math Acos adj hyp returns x Asin Syntax Asin value Description Returns the angle in degrees 90 270 whose sine is value Example Math Asin opp hyp returns x Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Atan Syntax Atan value Description Returns the angle in degrees 90 270 whose tangent is value Example Math Atan opp adj returns x Atan2 Syntax Atan2 value 1 value 2 Description Returns the angle whose tangent is the quotient of two specified numbers Example Math Atan2 5 1 returns the value 2 21429744 BigMul Syntax BigMul int a int b w
250. ots node to expand it and then double click the snapshot to edit You can alternatively right click the snapshot in the tree view and select Edit Snapshot from the menu that displays The Snapshots Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the snapshot displays You can display different snapshots in the Snapshot Description dialog box by clicking the left and right facing arrows in the upper right corner of the dialog box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B 2 Make your changes For details on snapshot parameters see Snapshot Parameters on page 146 Deleting Snapshots To delete a snapshot l Inthe tree view click the Snapshots node to expand it and then click the snapshot to delete 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the snapshot and select Delete Snapshot from the menu that displays The snapshot is deleted Comments You can use comments to add clarification to the task network diagram and to display values of variables on the task network diagram as the model runs For example you could place the name description and last revision date of the model as a title on the task network diagram You could also place comments describing the different path logic in places where you had a decision node with multiple path routing The following illustration shows the use of comments in the title and
251. ough it also has a number of very distinct features Several of these features have been incorporated into GA approaches after an intervening period of approximately a decade while others remain largely unexplored in the GA context Scatter search operates on a set of points called reference points that result in good solutions The approach systematically generates linear combinations of the reference points to create new points each of which maps into an associated point that yields integer values for discrete variables Tabu search is then superimposed to control the composition of reference points at each stage Tabu search has its roots in the field of Artificial Intelligence Memory is a fundamental concept in Tabu search which uses search history to guide the process In its simplest form memory prohibits the search from reinvestigating solutions that have already been evaluated However the use of memory in OptQuest is much more complex and uses memory functions to encourage search diversification and intensification These memory components let the search escape from locally optimal solutions to find a globally optimal solution Similarities are immediately evident between Scatter search and the original GA proposals Both are population based approaches and both produce the new elements from some combination of existing elements On the other hand several contrasts between these methods may also be noted The early GA approaches
252. ovides twenty types of charts for you to use as data analysis tools Charts are integrated from tools provided by Chart FX for NET For additional examples of the charts provided by Chart FX for NET see www softwarefx com Area Charts Area charts emphasize the degree of change over time and show the relationship of parts to a whole By displaying the sum of the plotted values area charts show the relationship of the parts to the whole Area charts are useful for noting trends H Series 1 H Series 2 H Series 3 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 189 M B Variable Data Files Bar Charts Bar charts compare individual items Categories are organized vertically and values are organized horizontally to place more emphasis on comparing values and less emphasis on time H series 1 H series 2 H series 3 Bubble Charts Bubble charts are a variation of X Y line graphs where the data points are replaced by bubbles The bubbles provide a way to display a third variable Either the diameter or area of each bubble is proportional to the value it represents Bubble charts are used instead of line charts when the data has a third dimension that needs to be shown on the chart 90 00 E series 1 I series 2 80 00 Ml Series 3 70 00 60 00 50 00 30 00 6 e Q 06 o e 0 00 r I 7 T T T T 7 TC B 190 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Conto
253. p User Guide 1 0 203 E B Variable Data Files Style Controls the style of the border for a series such as dashed or dotted e Weight Controls the thickness of the border line for a series Y Axis Tab The Y Axis tab in the Chart Properties dialog box contains settings that control the scale labels and gridlines on the Y axis The minimum maximum and interval or step values are automatically determined based on the range of data Properties EE x General Series r Scale r Biridlines Tickmarks Step Auto T Show Gridlines Minimum Auto Tickmark Dutside Maximum Auto Color EE v Decimals P 4 Style Po Format None z Weight Logarithmic T Interlaced p Labe cu meer GG X Angle Horizontal Y Staggered Following are detailed descriptions of the Y Axis chart parameters Step Controls the interval or step of major ticks and gridlines Minimum Sets the minimum value on the Y axis i 204 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B Maximum Sets the maximum value on the Y axis Decimals Controls how many decimal places display for units on the Y axis Format Controls the format of the values on the Y axis such as number currency scientific or percentage Logarithmic Controls whether a logarithmic scale is used on the Y axis e Angle Controls whether
254. p the Optimization Deleting Decision Variables To delete a decision variable l In the tree view click the Decision Variables node to expand it and then click the decision variable to delete 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the variable and select Delete Decision Variable from the menu that displays Constraints Constraints are relationships among decision variables and output variables For additional information on constraints see Using Constraints on page 324 Displaying Constraints To display defined constraints In the tree view click the Constraints item to expand it A list of defined constraints displays in the tree view Adding Constraints To add a constraint 1 In the tree view right click the Constraints item and select Add Constraint from the menu that displays A new constraint is added to the tree view i 322 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E 2 Inthe tree view click the new constraint The Properties window for the constraint displays Options include Code Name and Notes Properties Constraint1 Ea ge i El Misc Code Constraint Notes 3 Click the Code field and enter the constraint definition Constraints should be in standard mathematical formats Editing Constraints To edit a constraint 1 Click the Constraints item in the tree view 2 In the tree view click the constraint to e
255. pe 1 return 5 else return 7 When user defined functions are evaluated excluding void types the value of the function is automatically returned A return statement is not required Arithmetic Operators You can use the operators in the following table to perform arithmetic operations Operator Purpose Example Grouped operations items in parentheses are 2 3 1 7 but 2 3 1 8 executed first Multiplication 2 3 6 Division 6 2 3 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 237 E B Arithmetic Operators Operator Purpose Example Remainder division ES aes diae 7 2 remainder of 7 2 1 s MOET OS Or ui Ony 12 2 remainder of 12 2 0 integers can be used with this operation Subtraction 22 11 11 t Addition 11 22 33 Increment add 1 to the value of an xt integer Decrement subtract 1 from the value of x an integer The order of precedence for these operations is from the top to the bottom that is exponentiation is performed before multiplication and so on To change the order in which operations are performed use parentheses Operations within parentheses are performed first Inside parentheses the usual order of operations is maintained Y Note If you are unsure how Micro Saint Sharp evaluates the mathematical operators use parentheses to clarify the order E 238 Micro Saint Sharp Use
256. ption 1 In the tree view click the Functions item to expand it 2 Double click the function name You can alternatively right click the function in the tree view and select Edit Function from the menu that displays The Function Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the function displays i 132 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Adding Functions To add a function 1 In the tree view right click the Functions node or any existing function and select Add Function from the menu that displays The Add Function dialog box displays Add Function x Please enter the name of the new function 2 Typea function name and click OK Function names must begin with a letter or underscore and can be followed by zero or more letters numbers and underscore characters Function names are case sensitive The OK button remains disabled if you enter an invalid name or the name of an already existing function The C language reserves 76 words for its own use Do not use any of these keywords as function names For a list of reserved names see page 116 The function is added to the list of functions in the tree view and the Function Properties window displays 3 Inthe tree view double click the function name to open the Function Description dialog box 4 Enter the parameters defining the function Parameters are described in
257. r Guide 1 0 Chapter 11 Expressions B Assignment Operator The assignment operator assigns the value on the right of the operator to the variable on the left of the operator For example the expression a 3 assigns the value three to the variable a It also returns the value three which is nonzero so it would be considered a true statement if you used it as a logical condition However you would generally not want to use the assignment operator in a logical condition statement Be careful not to confuse the assignment operator with the logical equality operator To test for equality use the logical equality operator This returns a value of one if the value on the right of the operator equals the value on the left and returns a value of zero if it does not a 3 means set a equal to 3 a 3 means does the value of a equal 3 Adjustment Operators The adjustment operators adjust the value of a variable based on its current value and some other value These operators provide a shorthand for expressions that require repeating the variable name and using the assignment operator as shown in the following table You can use either of these forms when you need to adjust the value of a variable Long form Short form Example variable variable Ifx 2 then x 3 variable number number would set x to 5 variable variable u Ifx 2then x 3 variable number number would
258. r an object 1 Select the text or object to delete 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Cut The text or object is deleted Vv Note If you accidentally delete text press Ctrl Z to retrieve it Pasting Text and Objects You can paste whatever is copied to the clipboard with the Paste command If the clipboard is empty or if the current clipboard item is not in a format appropriate for the current location the Paste command appears dimmed so that you cannot select it You cannot use the Paste command to replace a network that is currently displayed or any network above it Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 6 Network Diagram B To paste text or an object 1 From the Edit menu select Paste or click the Paste button on the Main toolbar The pasted text or object displays For objects on the network diagram the pasted object 1s on top of the copied object Micro Saint Sharp automatically assigns a new ID to the item but the name is the same as the copied item 2 Foritems on the network diagram select the pasted item and use the mouse to move it to the new location Displaying Network Object Properties in HTML You can select any network object or item in the tree view and display the properties in HTML format For tasks the beginning effect ending effect release condition distribution information decision information queue information and
259. r at the end of a task For example the beginning effect of a machine task might decrease the number of available machines by one while the ending effect would increase the number by one Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 3 Understanding Micro Saint Sharp Models B Each task can also check the state of the system before it executes and delay execution until a certain condition called a release condition is met For example assume you define a variable named Workers that tracks the number of available operators If you have a task that requires an operator to perform it the condition Workers gt 0 must be true for the task to execute Queues Usually when you define a release condition for a task you also place a queue in front of the task as a waiting area When the model is running entities move into the queue in front of the task when the task is busy The entities wait in the queue until the release condition is true Then they are released in the order you specified when you define the queue You can specify that the entities be ordered within the queue as First In First Out FIFO Last In First Out LIFO or Sorted where you supply the priority expression for sorting Networks When a task in a network is very complex you can divide it into more specific tasks this is also called a hierarchical decomposition You do this by defining the task as a network or subnetwork because it is a lower level network th
260. r queues 111 design variable defined 346 developing Animator display 227 dimensions for arrays 120 Direction function 256 disabling auto hide mode 46 network animation 172 update of charts 170 update of comments 171 discrete probability distributions 300 discrete uniform distribution 303 discrete variable defined 346 DiscreteUniform function 274 displaying Animator window 216 chart descriptions 184 Chatts 2 coo ox ELE a anG a 186 comment descriptions in Animator 225 constraints 322 decision variables 320 defined charts 183 defined entity attributes 123 defined functions 132 defined scenario events 140 defined snapshots 145 defined variables 115 entity attribute descriptions 123 execution settings 158 function descriptions 132 hidden windows 44 logic for paths 76 network animation 171 network descriptions 90 network propertiesin HTML 85 object properties in HTML 83 objectives eeann 325 scenario event descriptions 140 snapshot descriptions 145
261. rate additional elements the optimization routines remain the same Hence there is a complete separation of the model that represents the system and the procedure that solves optimization problems defined within this model Optimization Input Simulation Procedure Model The optimization procedure uses the outputs from the simulation model to evaluate the inputs to the model Analyzing this evaluation and previous evaluations the optimization procedure selects a new set of input values The optimization procedure performs a special non monotonic search where the successively generated inputs produce varying evaluations not all of them improving but which over time provide a highly efficient trajectory to the best solutions The process continues until it reaches some termination criterion usually a time limit i 342 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest Bi Scatter Search and Tabu Search Two of the best known metaheuristics are genetic algorithms and Tabu search Genetic Algorithm GA procedures were developed by John Holland in the early 1970s at the University of Michigan Parallel to the development of GAs Fred Glover of OptTek Systems Inc established the principles and operational rules for Tabu search TS and a related methodology know as Scatter search Scatter search which was introduced in roughly the same period as the early GA proposals has some interesting commonalities with GA ideas alth
262. ro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 293 E B Animator Functions RotateImage Syntax Description Example Rotatelmage object imageID float angle Rotatelmage object imageID float angle float duration Rotates an image to a specified angle or to a specified angle over a period of time RotateImage 3 45 rotates the image with ID 3 to an angle of 45 degrees RotateImage 3 45 5 rotates the image with ID 3 to an angle of 45 degrees for the duration of five time units RotateFlipImage Syntax RotateFlipImage object imageID RotateFlipType rft Description Rotates flips an image You specify the direction of the image rotation and the axis used to flip the image Example Animator RotateFlipImage 3 RotateFlipType Flip flips image 3 ScaleImage Syntax Scalelmage object imageID int width int height Description Scales an image Example Animator ScaleImage 3 10 10 scales the E 294 image with ID 3 to a height of 10 pixels and a width of 10 pixels Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B SetBackground Syntax SetBackground object imageTypeID Description Sets the background of the Animator display Example Animator SetBackground 2 sets the background of the Animator display to the image on the palette with the ID 2 SetBottomImageText Syntax SetBottomImageText object imageID object text Description Sets an obj
263. rogramming problems are well developed and robust commercial packages are readily available Linear programming uses techniques to find optimal solutions to problems without evaluating all possible alternatives Models with thousands and even millions of decision variables can be solved with reasonable amounts of computer time Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 339 M B OptQuest Methodology Unfortunately not all business and industrial problems can be described with a linear objective and linear equalities or inequalities Many complex systems might not even have a convenient mathematical representation linear or nonlinear To use techniques such as linear programming or its cousins nonlinear programming and integer programming you must simplify assumptions about the real system in order to properly frame the problem One typical simplifying assumption disregards the statistical fluctuations of the system For example you might model an investment problem by assuming that returns on investment options do not vary using a moment in time estimate for modeling purposes Once the problem is formulated well established techniques can often find an optimal solution provided the formulation is congenial Still there are situations where even the deterministic versions remain hard to solve because of the combinatorial nature of these problems production scheduling is one example Suppose you have the goal of determining an optimal
264. rp User Guide 1 0 1178 B Variables E 118 Type Contains the variable type Selections include integer floating point string boolean entity object and arbitrary Integer variables are any whole number between approximately 2 billion and 2 billion 2 147 483 648 and 2 147 483 647 inclusive Variables that count discrete objects should be defined as integers Floating Point variables also called doubles or real numbers are numbers that are not whole numbers Floating point numbers can range between 5 0 x 10 to 1 7 x 10398 precision in Micro Saint Sharp is fifteen significant digits Micro Saint Sharp displays floating point variables with four digits to the right of the decimal point Variables that store clock values or measurements of other continuous quantities should be defined as floating point because they can contain noninteger values String variables are variables that consist of alphanumeric characters You can use string variables in any expression When you create a string variable it does not need to be enclosed in quotes in the Initial Value text box However you must enclose the string variable in quotes if it is used in any other place suchas stringl Micro Saint Sharp is great Boolean variables are variables that are true or false only Boolean variables are often used as flags to indicate whether a condition is true or false Entity variables point to a specific entity in the model
265. rt degrees to radians multiply by 11 180 Example Math Tanh 1 2 returns the value 0 833654607 Distribution Functions m272 Distribution functions are specific to probabi Sharp contains 20 distribution functions that lity functions Micro Saint return a random number from a probability distribution All Distribution functions start with the word Distributions followed by a period and then followed by the function name such as Distributions Beta v Note Function names are case sensitive Additional details on distribution functions are provided in Chapter 13 Probability Distributions For specific details regarding the probability distributions consult a statistics text Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Distribution function parameters include the following W Psuccess The probability of success W Successes The number of successes M Mean The mean value m Mode The most common or frequent value m Standard deviation square root of the arithmetic average of the squares of the deviations from the mean m Ntrials The number of trials B Minimum The minimum value to be used in the distribution m Maximum The maximum value to be used in the distribution m Scale The scale of measurement of the values in the range of distribution for more details see Overview of Probability Distributions on page 300 W Shape Shape 1 Shape
266. rvals Example Distributions Poisson 4 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 279 E B Distribution Functions Rectangular Syntax Rectangular mean minimum Description Returns a random number from the Rectangular distribution You supply the mean and minimum values to define the distribution Example Distributions Rectangular 4 1 Triangular Syntax Triangular mode minimum maximum Description Returns a random number from a Triangular distribution You supply the mode minimum and maximum values to define the distribution Example Distributions Triangular 4 1 9 Weibull Syntax Weibull scale shape Description Returns a random number from a Weibull distribution You supply the scale and shape factors to define the distribution Example Distributions Weibull 4 1 E 280 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Animator Functions Animator functions are specific to Micro Saint Sharp Animator Animator is an optional add on component All Animator functions start with the word Animator followed by a period and then followed by the function name such as Animator GetImage 2 v Note Function names are case sensitive Variable types for Animator functions are listed in the syntax for a function and include int for integer float for floating object for objects and IEnumerable for storage variables that can be enumerated IEnumerable is a Microsoft C
267. s or release conditions effects of the task on the system and routing information concerning following tasks and subnetworks Each time a task executes the execution time is randomly calculated within the time distribution parameters you supply You can create a task with the Task tool and define it by opening and filling in a Task Description dialog box Variable A quantity with a fixed name that can vary in value When a variable name is encountered in an expression it substitutes the current value of the variable Variables are useful for representing changeable aspects of the system you are simulating You can change the value of a variable from any expression in your model for example as a task or queue effect or in a scenario event Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index Symbols Anod files ome Tc 62 WES Iles s copie oles seve tege 64 xmlfil es PA Ma LAO eBay aisles 64 A Abort function 255 Abort array function 255 Abs function 005 266 Acos function 005 266 adding charts errno EIS 184 comments to the Animator 225 constraints 00 322 custom toolbar buttons 54 decision variables 320 default toolbar buttons 53 functions 0005 133 images to Animator display 219 networks esses 91 new toolbars 50 objectives
268. s HTML Your default web browser automatically opens and displays the model properties E Task Network Information Microsoft Internet Explorer ol x Eile Edit View Favorites Tools Help KI ess gt O A A Search GjFavoites EMedia G E ne e Address E C Program Files MAAD Micro Saint SharpXT askInformation html Untitled Root Notes e Sub Tasks XmlHashtable o 1 Beginning Effect Ending Effect Release Condition return true Data Shaping 1 return 0 0 Data Shaping 2 return 0 0 Data Shaping 3 return 0 0 Distribution Type Normal Decision Type Multiple Notes Beginning Effect Ending Effect Release Condition return true Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 85H B Printing the Task Network Diagram Printing the Task Network Diagram Before printing the task network diagram Micro Saint Sharp displays a preview of how the task network diagram will appear when printed From this window you control the zoom factor the number of pages that are viewed and can add header information For additional task network printing parameters see Misc Tab on page 165 To print the task network diagram 1 From the File menu select Print Network The Print Preview window displays E Print Preview 2 Doany ofthe following To zoom the view click the down arrow adjacent to the Magnifying glass icon and select the zoom level To view more than one page at a time whe
269. s enclosed in square brackets and separated by commas index values can be constants or expressions Arrays can contain integers or real numbers but not both Following is an example of an array named Array1 The dimensions of the array are 4 x 2 To reference the cell with the value 98 you would use Array1 2 1 Col O Col 1 row 0 12 43 row 1 8 9 row 2 8 98 row 3 7 58 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 119M B Variables E 120 Dimensions Contains the indices for the dimensions for an array Type the upper index for each dimension separated by a comma The lower index for each dimension is zero Micro Saint Sharp does not limit the number of dimensions you can use For example if you enter 30 40 50 60 you are defining a four dimensional array with indices of 0 29 0 39 0 49 and 0 59 Notes Contains a description of the variable Entering notes is optional but notes can be useful for future reference Editing Variables To edit a variable 1 In the tree view click the Variables node to expand it and then double click the variable to edit You can alternatively right click the variable in the tree view and select Edit Variable from the menu that displays The Variable Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the variable displays You can display different variables in the Variable Description dialog box by clicking the left and right facin
270. s the color of the text used for the network name To change the color click in the TextColor box and then click the down facing arrow that displays Then select the new color Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 93m B Networks Editing Networks To edit a network 1 On the task network diagram double click the network The network properties display in the Properties window 2 Make the changes in the Properties window For details on network parameters see Network Parameters on page 92 Deleting Networks To delete a network 1 On the task network diagram select the network When you select an item a green box displays around the item 2 Press the Del key on the keyboard The network is removed All associated tasks are also deleted i 94 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components BI Groups Grouping objects allows you to spatially 1solate tasks and networks together in a network without actually creating a network For example you could group a cell of machines together in a plant or group a series of tests without needing to create a network You can group objects in two ways by selecting existing objects and grouping them or creating the group first and then adding the objects Grouping Objects by Selecting Existing Objects To group objects by selecting existing objects 1 On the task network diagram Shift click the tasks to group 2 From the Utilities menu select Group Ob
271. s true and returns a value of one If a is equal to 3 the expression is false and returns a value of Zero If Else Statements E 242 Sometimes in a model you may want to perform certain expressions only under specific conditions For these cases Micro Saint Sharp uses the if else statement This statement can be used in several different ways m Ifstatements These take the following format if expression Example if x 3 code to execute Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 11 Expressions E W If else statements These take the following format i expression to evaluate code to execute else code to execute Example When you have multiple expressions you can include the lines in braces such as in the following if x 5 b 1 c 7 if x 3 y 5 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 243M E If Else Statements else Z 3 You can additionally nest if statements such as in the following example W Cascading If Statements You can nest if statements inside other if statements This way you can chain together a sequence of boolean expressions that will be tested one after the other until one evaluates to true For example if day 0 day 7 dayString Weekend else if day gt l amp amp day lt 6 dayString Weekday else dayString unknown E 244 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0
272. see www microsoft com net Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 118 B Running the Hardware Key Setup The installation program copies all of the Micro Saint Sharp software help files and sample model files into the Program Files Maad Micro Saint Sharp directory or into the directory you specify Micro Saint Sharp also places an icon on the desktop from which you can launch Micro Saint Sharp Y Note Micro Saint Sharp additionally includes sample models and tutorials on the installation CD These are automatically installed Running the Hardware Key Setup To run Micro Saint Sharp you need to plug a special hardware key into you computer For your computer to recognize the hardware key you need to install the drivers first To install the drivers for the hardware key 1 E 12 Navigate to the location where you installed Micro Saint Sharp The default location is c Program files Maad Micro Saint Sharp Open the Rainbow Setup folder Double click Rainbow Setup exe Follow the instructions that display Once you have successfully installed the drivers you can plug in the hardware key Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 2 Installing Micro Saint Sharp B Plugging in the Hardware Key Once you have installed the drivers you can plug the hardware key into the parallel or USB port of your computer This key labeled Sentinel SuperPro is included when you purchased Micro Saint Sharp If you do no
273. siderations m Modeling human operator performance and interaction under changing conditions Micro Saint Sharp does not use the terminology or graphic representations of a specific industry You can model any process as a network of tasks that can be represented in a flow chart diagram The terms that are used are defined by you The degree of complexity in a model is also up to you You can build a simple functional model just by drawing a network diagram and filling in the task timing information You can also build a more complex model that includes dynamically changing variables probabilistic and tactical branching logic sorted queues conditional task execution image animation during model execution and extensive data collection Whether the model you build is simple or complex the process of running the model and creating charts from the collected variable data is relatively simple You simply select the execution settings and the variable data you want collected Micro Saint Sharp executes the model using a random number seed you supply to generate task times and routing choices specific to the current run Micro Saint Sharp Features E2 Micro Saint Sharp has the following features W A palette of tools for drawing your task network on the screen display W Task description windows that you can open from the network diagram or tree view M Drop down menus for defining characteristics such as task time distributions
274. sing the optimal values of the decision variables you can more accurately assess the risks of the recommended solution Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E To more accurately assess the recommended solution run a longer Micro Saint Sharp simulation using the optimal values of the decision variables Depending on the simulation model it may be more meaningful to perform multiple runs of the simulation instead of running one long simulation For additional information on improving the optimization performance please see the following section titled Suggestions for Using OptQuest Suggestions for Using OptQuest There are many factors that influence the performance of OptQuest For example consider two optimization methods A and B applied to a problem with the objective of maximizing expected returns When you evaluate the performance of each method you must consider which method satisfies the following criteria W Finds a solution with a larger expected return Jumps to the range of high quality solutions faster Below is the Performance Graph for the two hypothetical methods Method A k Method B 5 z amp z o 5 o 2 u This illustration shows that although both methods find solutions with a similar expected profit after 10 minutes of searching method A jumps to the range of high quality solutions faster than B For the criteria listed above method A performs better than
275. sionT ype El Queue QueueDepattingE ffect QueueEnteringE fect QueuePriorityCode QueueT ype BeginE ffect Beginning function code return true Multiple return 0 0 None m Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 The Properties window displays the properties of the model item selected in the task network diagram such as network task or group It also displays the properties of items that you select in the tree view such as variables functions scenario events charts and snapshots The properties that display in the Properties window also display in the dialog box for the associated item The Properties window functions like any folder list To expand an item click the adjacent plus sign To collapse an item click the adjacent minus sign 35m E Micro Saint Sharp Window Components E 36 Some of the fields in the Properties window have an associated drop down list box To display the list box click in the text box and a down facing arrow displays Click the arrow and a selection list appears A detailed description of any selected item automatically displays at the bottom of the Properties window To sort the items in the Properties window do one of the following m To sort the properties alphabetically click the Alphabetic button 2i m To sort the properties by category click the Categorize button Tree View Window Tree View m The Tree View window displays a hierarchical list of
276. ssions B Symbol Comparison Example Less than ax5 If a is less than 5 the expression is true and returns a value of one If a is greater than 5 the expression is false and returns a value of Zero Less than or equal to a 5 Ifa is less than or equal to 5 the expression is true and returns a value of one If a is greater than 5 the expression is false and returns a value of zero Greater than a gt 5 Ifa is greater than 5 the expression is true and returns a value of one If a is greater than 5 the expression is false and returns a value of zero Greater than or equal to a gt 5 Ifa is greater than or equal to 5 the expression is true and returns a value of one Ifa is greater than 5 the expression is false and returns a value of zero amp amp Logical AND a 3 amp amp b If the value of a is 3 and the value of b is 4 the expression is true and returns a value of one If the value ofa is anything other than 3 the expression is false and returns a value of Zero Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 241m B If Else Statements Symbol Comparison Example Logical OR a 3 b If the value of a is 3 or the value of b is 4 the expression is true and returns a value of one If the value of a is anything other than 3 the expression is false and returns a value of zero Not a 3 Ifa is not equal to 3 the expression i
277. t The Chart Properties dialog box displays Set the Chart properties For details on chart parameters see Adding Charts on page 184 Deleting Charts from the Animator Display To delete a chart from the Animator display 1 2 In the tree view expand the Animator object and select the chart Select the object and press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the chart in the Animator display and select Delete Object from the menu that displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 10 Animator Bi Way Points You can use way points to specify more than one path for an image to follow Adding Way Points To add a way point 1 Click the Animator palette 2 Select the way point tool When you select a tool a green box displays around the item 3 Click the left mouse button and while pressing the button drag the way point to the Animator display and place it where you want it 4 Release the left mouse button You can alternatively right click the mouse in the Animator display and select Add Way Point from the menu that displays The way point is added and a Properties window for the way point displays Micro Saint Sharp automatically numbers way points consecutively The following information is included in the Properties window Center X Displays the x coordinate position for the center of the way point The upper left corner of the Animator display is considered to
278. t 20 Q0 lt Y lt 16 667 0 2 Z 10 These bounds take into consideration the values of the coefficients and the constraint limit to determine the maximum value for each decision variable The new tighter bounds result in a more efficient search for the optimal values of the decision variables However this efficiency comes at the expense of missing the optimal solution if it lies outside the specified bounds Complexity of the Objective A complex objective has a highly nonlinear surface with many local minimum and maximum points OptQuest is designed to find global solutions for all types of objectives especially complex objectives However for more complex objectives you generally need to run more simulations to find high quality global solutions Constraints Constraints can be used to restrict the values of decision variables by defining relationships among the decision variables constraints can also restrict the value of output variables If a constraint is defined using only decision variables OptQuest can eliminate sets of decision variables values that are constraint infeasible before it runs the simulation Limiting the optimization by defining constraints on decision variables is extremely time effective If a constraint contains an output variable a simulation must be run to determine whether the suggested solution satisfies the constraint Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 335 M B Factors that A
279. t displays The Task Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the task displays Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 990m B Tasks Adding Tasks To add a task 1 From the Task Network palette drag the Task tool to the correct place on the task network diagram You can alternatively right click the mouse on the task network diagram and select Add Task Micro Saint Sharp automatically numbers the task and adds it to the tree view below the Network node 2 To display the task description double click the task icon in the task network diagram The Task Description dialog box displays 3 Enter the task parameters Parameters are defined in the following section Task Parameters The task name ID and whether data collection is enabled displays at the top of the Task Description dialog box Additional parameters are contained on the Main Timing Paths Queue and Appearance and Notes tab Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters at the top of the Task Description dialog box Name Contains the name of the task Use a phrase that is descriptive of the task for example answer call or register patient B 100 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B ID Contains the Micro Saint Sharp defined ID number for the task Micro Saint Sharp automatically assigns the next available number when a new task is created The I
280. t install a hardware key you can only run a model and cannot save it To plug in the hardware key 1 Plug the hardware key into the parallel or USB port on your computer If you are not sure which port is the parallel or the USB port consult the manual for your computer If you need to use your parallel port for a connection to another parallel device such as your printer connect the cable onto the back of the hardware key The hardware key will be between the parallel port and the cable connector for the parallel device You must turn the parallel device such as your printer on for Micro Saint Sharp to recognize that the key is present Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 13H B Starting Micro Saint Sharp Starting Micro Saint Sharp To start Micro Saint Sharp 1 Click the Start button and then point to Programs 2 Select Micro Saint Sharp and then select the Micro Saint Sharp icon and program name You can alternatively double click the Micro Saint Sharp icon on the desktop Micro Saint Sharp opens m14 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 B 3 Understanding Micro Saint Sharp Models This chapter presents an overview of Micro Saint Sharp models Sections discuss the components of a Micro Saint Sharp model including the task network variables functions entity attributes data collection snapshots scenario events data collection and data analysis The chapter concludes with a general discussion of the steps i
281. tag ose ue EA Leo tuac c e 128 time mt eA de eA 128 jo MT EE 128 uniquelD 128 Entity variable eaaa 121 entity variable type 118 errors lOgle reote seine HEN 173 SYNTAX dee ERO ERO 172 event queue window COlors o ose esee 168 Overview eee eee 35 viewing scheduled events 168 events See scenario events executing Animator display 228 execution settings Compiler tab 164 Data tab 0 0 4 160 displaying a 158 editirig oem eee tate 159 enable layout change 163 enable snapshots 163 enable task information collection 162 extra namespaces 164 extra references 164 initialization code 164 line by line debugging 161 number of runs 160 output type 161 parameters 159 queue information collection 162 random seed 161 realtime mode 161 speed factor 163 Stant Dieter Gh oe e eL Los 161 execution speed 177 Exp function 0 268 exponential distribution 304 Exponential function 275 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Index m exporting MOSS eut ant To cl ka c dA e EE 64 EXIM nd Geis a tee oe tos ut ana 64 location of files
282. task to represent the decision making process that can result in several possible alternative paths to following tasks Or you may use a spinner task to randomly generate arriving entities such as people or parts A spinner task is a task with a path that goes back to itself The tutorials and sample models included on the Micro Saint Sharp CD provide examples of spinner tasks and other techniques for simulating different types of situations Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 25 E E How to Create a Model 4 Define how the jobs decisions and queues operate This is where you use the information you gathered when you analyzed the process in step 2 Double clicking a network object on the network diagram opens a Task Description dialog box where you can define timing information execution constraints queue information decision routing and the effects of the task on the system In defining conditions that check the state of the system and effects that change the state of the system you need to create expressions that use variables You may also want to call some custom functions to execute expressions that you use in several places Whether you define the variables and functions when you first use them or later on is up to you 5 Define the variables and system changes If you finish defining the elements in the network diagram before you start defining the variables you already have most of the information that you need for
283. ter 12 Built in Functions B ShowImages Syntax ShowImages IEnumerable imagelIDs Description Shows a series of images that were hidden on the Animator display see HideImages on page 289 Example Animator ShowImages x shows all the images in the variable list x Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 297m B Animator Functions B 298 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 m 13 Probability Distributions To help simulate task execution times as realistically as possible Micro Saint Sharp randomly generates the execution times for each task using a probability distribution When you select a time distribution for a task Micro Saint Sharp uses the distribution to generate random execution times that occur in the pattern predicted by the distribution A probability distribution defines how frequently a particular value is likely to occur in a set of observations For example in a Normal distribution values close to the mean are likely to occur while values far from the mean are not If you define task times to be distributed normally with a mean of 40 minutes and a standard deviation of 5 the task would usually execute with a time between 30 and 50 minutes Micro Saint Sharp provides 20 basic and advanced probability distributions for your use Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 299 E Overview of Probability Distributions Overview of Probability Distributions Probability distributions can be discrete or c
284. th unprecedented efficiency OptQuest Glossary E 344 Best Solution The set of decision variable values that achieves the best outcome found by a heuristic search Heuristic methods cannot guarantee the best solution to be optimal Bound A maximum or minimum limit you set for each decision variable Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 14 OptQuest E Constraint A limitation that restricts the decision variables and output variables by defining relationships among them For example if the total budget for scanners 20 000 each and printers 10 000 each is 50 000 you can define this as 20000 scanners 10000 printers lt 50000 In another example if x1 represents the number of spaces in buffer 1 and x2 represents the number of spaces in buffer 2 the following constraint restricts the search to solutions for which buffer 2 has at least as many spaces as buffer 1 x2 x1 gt 0 Constraints on decision variables can narrow the search for the optimal solution thus improving OptQuest s performance Solutions that violate a constraint on decision variables are not sent to your simulation for evaluation Output constraints contain one or more output variables and must be evaluated after a simulation has been run Constraint Feasible A feasible solution is one that satisfies all constraints Infeasibility occurs when no combination of values of the decision variables can satisfy a set of constraints
285. the following section Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 133 M B Functions E 134 Function Parameters Function parameters are included in three tabs the Properties tab the Return Information tab and the Parameters tab Properties Tab The Properties tab contains the expressions defining the function and a section for notes regarding the function Gai Task Network lf Function 1 4px Name Funcion UU Properties Retum Information Parameters Code i Notes Following is a detailed description of the parameters in the Properties tab Code Contains the expressions defining the function To return a value from the function you must include a return statement in the function definition The variable type for the return value is specified in the Return Information tab For details on return statements see Return Statements on page 236 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Notes Contains any information describing the function Entering notes is optional but notes can be useful for future reference Return Information Tab The Return Information tab contains the information regarding the value that is returned from the function A function is not required to return a value a Task Network flf Function 1 4bx Name mein i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n Parameters Properties Hi Type Void Is Array O Following are detai
286. the labels are horizontal vertical or slanted 45 degrees Staggered Controls whether labels display with alternate indentations Show Gridlines Controls whether gridlines display Gridlines are horizontal lines that cross the chart at every major tick mark Tickmark Controls the type of tick mark that displays Color Controls the color of the tick marks and gridlines Style Controls the line style for tick marks and gridlines such as solid dashed or dotted Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 205 E B Variable Data Files e Weight Controls the thickness of the tick marks and gridlines Interlaced Controls whether the chart is interlaced An interlaced chart has alternating bands of color Interlacing can help improve readability Color Controls the second color for the interlaced bands Using the Data Editor The Data Editor displays at the bottom of the chart and contains the values for each of the data points You can change the values in the Data Editor and the chart updates with the new values To change values in the Data Editor 1 Click in the box containing the value you want to change Delete the old value and then enter the new one 2 When you move the cursor from the box the chart refreshes To hide the Data Editor Right click anywhere in the chart and select Data Editor from the menu that displays When the Data Editor is hidden the Data Editor icon in the right click
287. the variables In addition to these variables consider whether there are any other system characteristics you should represent with variables Have you represented all environmental changes in the system that might affect task performance Have you included all important counts and measurements that change as the simulation progresses Have you included all the quantities that you want to use as input to or output from the system As you are defining variables consider whether you have accounted for all changes in each variable s value as task or queue effects If any of the variables you define change as a result of time passing rather than as effects of task or queue activity you need to display the Event Queue and define scenario events for these changes B 26 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 3 Understanding Micro Saint Sharp Models B 6 Define any custom functions called in the jobs queues or scenario events Custom functions are useful when you need to perform the same calculation or procedure several times in a model Instead of retyping the necessary expressions every place you need them you can first create the function once for a model Then wherever you need the calculation or procedure to be performed in the model you simply type the name of the function followed by parentheses T Check for errors The built in error checker automatically searches the model for errors in syntax Any detected errors disp
288. ting event should stop before the end of the simulation Stop time Contains the time for the event to stop repeating Code Contains the expressions that defines the scenario event These expressions occur at the times you specify Notes Tab The Notes tab contains notes regarding the event Entering notes is optional but notes can be useful for future reference a Task Network Tj ScenarioEventi 4b x Name Scenario vent 3 Properties Notes Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1438 B Scenario Events Editing Scenario Events To edit a scenario event 1 In the tree view click the Scenario Events node to expand it and then double click the scenario event to edit You can alternatively right click the event in the tree view and select Edit Scenario Event from the menu that displays The Scenario Event Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the associated Properties window for the scenario event displays You can display different scenario events in the Scenario Description dialog box by clicking the left and right facing arrows in the upper right corner of the dialog box Make your changes For details on event parameters see Scenario Event Parameters on page 141 Deleting Scenario Events To delete a scenario event 1 E 144 In the tree view click the Scenario Events node to expand it and then click the event to delete
289. tion moves the image with ID 3 through the list variable x containing a series of way points over the current entities duration PlaceImage Syntax PlaceImage object imageID float x float y Placelmage object imageID object wayPointID Description Jumps an object to the specified coordinate or way point in the Animator display Example Animator PlaceImage 3 10 20 jumps the image with ID 3 to the coordinates 10 20 Animator PlaceImage 3 4 jumps the image with ID 3 to way point 4 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B RemovelImage Syntax Removelmage object imageID Description Removes an image from the Animator display Example Animator RemoveImage 3 removes the image with ID 3 from the Animator display RemoveImages Syntax Removelmages IEnumerable imagelDs Description Removes a series of images from the Animator display Example Animator Removelmages x removes all the images in the variable list x RemoveComment Syntax RemoveComment object commentID Description Removes a comment from the Animator display Example Animator RemoveComment 3 removes the comment with ID 3 from the Animator display RemoveComments Syntax RemoveComments IEnumerable imagelDs Description Removes a series of comments from the Animator display Example Animator RemoveComments x removes all the comments in the variable list x Mic
290. to have the look and feel of Office XP Windows XP or Windows Classic In addition you can change the foreground color background color and font of the toolbars The default configuration of the toolbar is divided into two sections The sections are split by a Separator a vertical bar consisting of short horizontal lines You can manipulate each section separately M The File System section includes buttons to create a model open a model save a model and cut copy and paste selected nodes W The Execution section includes buttons to use in model simulation such as checking for errors starting stopping stepping and halting model execution clearing the data in the Output window and controlling execution speed in real time mode If you purchased the Animator module an additional section displays on the right side of the toolbar with the Animator buttons IB Bg vP iI a 3 File System Execution Moving Toolbar Sections You can move or reposition any of the toolbar sections To move a toolbar section 1 Move the mouse over the dashed vertical line to the left of the toolbar section The cursor changes to two double sided arrows E 48 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B 2 Press the left mouse button and move the toolbar section to the new location You can dock a toolbar to any side of the window 3 Release the mouse button Displaying and Removing To
291. tor adding to display 219 adding to palette 218 deleting from palette 218 resiZing a a dakal 220 supported formats 218 increment operator 238 initial value for variables 119 initialization code 164 integer variables 118 inverse gaussian distribution 306 InverseGaussian function 276 J jumping to objects 78 K keywords reserved 116 m 366 Kill function a 257 L launch effect 103 legend box on charts formatting 208 LIFO queue type 110 line by line debugging 161 line charts a 194 line debugger window overview 38 174 local variables 233 Log function a 269 Log10 function a 269 logic errors ee 173 logical operator 240 logistic distribution 307 Logistic function 277 loglogistic distribution 307 LogLogistic function 277 lognormal distribution 308 Lognormal function 277 M Main tab tasks 102 math functions ADStrer Naat d aA AA 266 ACOS AA 266 ASIN kak cera EIE 266 ACUMEN EET 267 Alan c ood Lh bere 267 BigMul 00 5 267 Ceiling 2 eee 267 constants eres 266 COS escono e
292. ts and scenario events in the model simulation All of these items are defined in description dialog boxes or in the associated Properties window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 89 B Networks Networks E 90 When a task in the network is very complex you may want to simplify it by dividing it into more specific tasks You can do this by defining the task as a subnetwork A subnetwork can contain all the same elements as the main network tasks paths decisions queues and subnetworks at a still lower level and is defined by its own network diagram In addition a subnetwork can have a release condition similar to a task and it can be preceded by a queue Subnetworks are represented by a rectangular shape on the task network diagram A list of networks associated with the model displays in the tree view below the Task Network node You can display network descriptions and add edit and delete networks Y Note In some cases you may want to group objects instead of creating a new network For details see Groups on page 95 Displaying Network Descriptions To display a network description On the task network diagram double click the network You can alternatively right click the network in the tree view and select Object Description from the menu that displays The Properties window for the network displays with a list of the network parameters Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Comp
293. ts Ag Comment BW OptQuest Animator Properties Window The Properties window displays the properties of the item selected in the Animator display such as an image comment chart or way point The Properties window functions like any folder list To expand an item click the plus sign adjacent to the item To collapse an item click the minus sign adjacent to the item A detailed description of any selected item automatically displays at the bottom of the Properties window i214 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 10 Animator Bi To sort the items in the property sheet do one of the following m To sort the properties alphabetically click the Alphabetic button Ai 24 m To sort the properties by category click the Categorized button Animator Menu The Animator menu contains the following commands m Add Image to Animator Palette Use this command to add images to the Animator Palette You must add images to the palette before they can be added to the Animator display W Animator Edit Mode Use this command to modify the Animator display m Copy Animator Display Use this command to copy the Animator display W Print Animator Display Use this command to print the Animator display Animator Status Bar The status bar displays at the bottom of the Micro Saint Sharp window Any execution related messages display on the left side of the status bar The clock values during execution display on the right side
294. ts During Simulation 168 Updating Charts During Simulation 0 000000 ce eee 169 Updating Comment Variables During Simulation 170 Viewing Network Animation During Simulation 171 Checking for Syntax Errors 0 2 eee cece ee nee 172 Checking for Logic Errors 2 0 0 c cece eee eee ees 173 Using the Line Debugger Window 00 00 c eee eens 174 Controlling Execution Speed 0 0 c cece eee ees 175 Analyzing Model Data cece ee eee eee 179 Trace Data Files iinet ABRA Cae aa E EE eee 180 Pasko Data Files erc ls Staaten nr sinners ERR 180 Qu ueDataPil se lt 2 ici te heehee e ee 181 Snapshot Data Files 2 c cece eee 182 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Contents B Variable Data Files 3 20 6224 RPM RE Na EUER PNE 183 10 Anim tOr TANG NAGP ANDAR ALAPAN 211 Animator Window Overview ees 212 Working With Images ees 218 Charts in the Animator Display 0 00 c ee eee ee eee 221 Way Points 4 eec eux er east eon ae ae eee d 223 Comments ara ek eed UC AA EE 224 Using Animator Functions 226 Developing an Animator Display 0 0 cee eee eens 227 Executing the Animator Simulation 0 00 0 e eee 228 Copying the Animator Display 2 0 00 e ce eee eee eee 228 Printing the Animator Display esses eee eee eee 229 11 Expressions 00 cee e
295. ts are often used to change variable values thereby changing the state of the model For example you might have a variable called temperature that would increase at 15 minute intervals during the day and decrease during the night You could then make the times required for tasks such as warming up an engine be contingent upon the current temperature Snapshots Snapshots provide a way to collect values of variables at specified times during model execution You can specify snapshots to be gathered at specific clock times one time or repeating when a task begins or ends when an entity enters or leaves a queue or when a model run ends B 22 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 3 Understanding Micro Saint Sharp Models B Data Collection and Analysis Micro Saint Sharp stores a wide variety of model information during model simulation in four different data files trace data task information queue information and snapshots For all of these except the trace data you enable the collection of data in the execution settings for the model W Trace data files record the clock times for beginning effects ending effects and scenario events Application errors whether plugins were loaded successfully and the start and end of a simulation are also included Trace data displays in the Output window as a model executes m Task information files record the task number task name minimum task time maximum task time mean task time
296. tyle select Windows XP To setthe toolbar look and feel to Windows Classic style select Classic In the Colors and Font section do any of the following Tochange the foreground color click the Change Fore Color button and select the color to use Tochange the background color click the Change Back Color button and select the color to use for the background To change the font that is used click the Change Font button and select the font to use for text To save the settings for future use click Save You can revert to the default configuration by clicking Reset Click OK to close the dialog box Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 m 5 Basic Procedures Basic Micro Saint Sharp procedures include creating opening and saving models and exporting model results Model results that you can export include task data information queue data information and snapshot data files You can also search for and replace text anywhere in the model Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 59 E Working with Models Working with Models E 60 A Micro Saint Sharp model consists of the task network diagram and the variables functions data collection snapshots scenario events entity attributes charts watches and execution settings All of these components are saved with each model and you can export many of them in xml format so you can view or work with them in other applications Creating Models After opening Mi
297. u must enable the display of trace data before you can enable the display of network animation see page 166 To enable the display of network animation From the Utilities menu select Network Animation so that a check mark displays adjacent to the label Network Animation The next time you run the model simulation network animation displays in the Task Network window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 171 0 E Checking for Syntax Errors To disable the display of network animation From the Utilities menu select Network Animation so that the check mark adjacent to the label Network Animation clears The next time you run the model simulation network animation does not display in the Task Network window The following illustration shows an example of a step in the network animation At the specific time in model execution one entity is in task 1 and one entity is in task 2 Three entities are in the queue before task 2 NG Event Queue 4 3 Task Network o ChartUtilizations 4px Assembly Processor Unit 3 gt Checking for Syntax Errors E 172 Micro Saint Sharp has a feature that checks a model for syntax errors You can run the syntax check at any time and the entire model is checked Syntax errors display in the Output window so you must first open the window Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model E To check for syntax errors
298. u supply the tactical expression as the routing condition If H1Rest gt H2Rest task 2 executes next If H2Rest gt H1Rest task 3 executes next Decision Code Contains the conditions under which particular paths are taken You can express the routing condition as a number or an expression The number and name of the next task to be executed when the routing conditions are met display above the Decision Code box You must include a return statement in the expressions defining the decision code For details on return statements see Return Statements on page 236 E 108 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 7 Model Components B Queue Tab The Queue tab contains the Queue Type Queue Entering Effect Queue Priority and Queue Departing Effect for the queue associated with the task The queue is a waiting area in front of a task or network where entities accumulate while they are waiting to execute the job Each time the release condition for the job is true an entity can be released from the queue into the Job Entities are released in the order you specify when you define the queue Queues are represented in the task network diagram as a square in front of the task Bi Task network Bi 9 ADE Name Jemo S Main Timing Paths Queue Appearance and Notes a Queue Type uro H Queue Collect Data Enabled V Queue Entering Effect 1 Queue Priority iireturn 0 0
299. uide 1 0 Chapter 5 Basic Procedures E To save a model From the File menu select Save Model or click the Save Model button on the Main toolbar Micro Saint Sharp saves the model and overwrites any existing model with the same name v Note Micro Saint Sharp automatically saves a backup copy of the current model every two minutes to the Micro Saint Sharp installation folder The model is named autosavebackup saint Exporting Model Information You can export result data from a Micro Saint Sharp model including the following W Results QueueDataCollection includes the queue information Queue information files record the queue ID queue name number of times an entity entered the queue the minimum time maximum time and mean time standard deviation that an entity spent in the queue and the minimum time maximum time and mean time standard deviation that an entity spent waiting in the queue before being allowed to execute the task W Results TaskDataCollection includes the task information Task information files contain the task number task name minimum task time maximum task time mean task time and standard deviation and number of times a task was performed W Results snapshotname includes the snapshot information A different file is created for each snapshot All of the files except for the snapshot files are exported as xm1 files You can export snapshot files as xm1 or res tab delimited text
300. um Queue Length minimum amount of time an entity spent in the queue Maximum Queue Length maximum amount of time an entity spent in the queue Queue Length Mean mean amount of time an entity spent in the queue Queue Length Standard Deviation standard deviation for the mean amount of time an entity spent in the queue Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 181M B Snapshot Data Files B Minimum Queue Wait minimum amount of time an entity spent waiting in the queue before being allowed to execute the task m Maximum Queue Wait maximum amount of time an entity spent waiting in the queue before being allowed to execute the task m Queue Wait Mean mean amount of time an entity spent waiting in the queue before being allowed to execute the task B Queue Wait Standard Deviation standard deviation for the mean amount of time that an entity spent waiting in the queue before being allowed to execute the task To collect queue data you must enable Queue Information Collection in the Execution Settings dialog box For details see Execution Setting Parameters on page 159 To analyze the queue data export the data and then open it in the software application you want to use for analysis For details on exporting Exporting Model Information on page 63 Snapshot Data Files The snapshot data file contains snapshot data collected during model execution You specify the data to collect in a snapshot in
301. um and has a peak slightly removed from it With decreasing shape parameter the peak gets flatter and the tail gets much broader Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 13 Probability Distributions B Pearson Type 6 Distribution Syntax PearsonType6 scale shapel shape2 Applications The Pearson Type 6 distribution is rarely used except in its reduced form as the F distribution In this case the distribution is used in the analysis of variance and is a function of the ratio of two independent random variables each of which has a chi square distribution and is divided by its number of degrees of freedom Description The Pearson Type 6 distribution is a continuous distribution that is bounded on the low side It has three distinct regions dependent on the scale and shape factors Poisson Distribution Syntax Poisson mean number of occurrences per interval Applications The Poisson distribution models the number of independent events that occur in an interval of time This includes many types of events in time or space such as arrivals of telephone calls defects in semiconductors manufacturing defects in all aspects of quality control molecular distributions stellar distributions geographical distributions of plants shot noise and so on Note that the time between arrivals defects is Exponentially distributed which makes this distribution a particularly convenient starting point even when the process is more c
302. uns for the model the random seed and start ID type of output whether Line by Line debugging is enabled the type of information collected the speed factor the initialization code compiler instructions and miscellaneous information To display execution settings In the tree view double click the Execution Settings item The Execution Settings dialog box and the associated Properties window display 2 Task Network B Execution Settings 4bx Data Compier Misc Number of Runs 1 Random Seed 1 Start ID 1 Output Type Realtime Mode Enable Task Information Collection CJ Enable Line by Line Debugging Enable Queue Information Collection Snapshots Speed Factor 1 Initialization Code 1 B 158 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model E Editing Execution Settings Before running a model check the execution settings to make sure they are as you want them The execution settings are saved as part of the model settings You should also run the Syntax checker before you execute the model For details see Checking for Syntax Errors on page 172 To edit execution settings 1 In the tree view double click the Execution Settings item The Execution Settings dialog box and the associated Properties window display 2 Edit the execution parameters Parameters are described in the following section Execution Setting Parameters Exec
303. ur Charts Contour charts are useful for representing large numbers of values Chapter 9 Analyzing Model Data B visually against each other using a set scale Contour charts are also useful for noting trends E Series 1 ME Series 2 C Series 3 2 3 4 5 6 Cube Charts Cube charts are best used when comparing a set or series of values to the same scale or unit of comparison or over time Cube charts are useful for displaying multidimensional hierarchical data 90 00 a 80 00 Bi B a 70 00 60 00 m 50 00 a 40 00 a 30 00 L a 20 00 mu a 10 00 E 0 00 H series 1 H Series 2 H series 3 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 191m B Variable Data Files Curve Charts Curve charts emphasize the degree of change over time and show the relationship of the parts to the whole By displaying the sum of the plotted values curve charts show the relationship of parts to the whole Curve charts are useful for noting trends 90 00 5 Series 1 Series 2 A Series 3 Curve Area Charts Curve Area charts emphasize the degree of change over time and show the relationship of parts to a whole By displaying the sum of the plotted values curve area charts show the relationship of parts to the whole Curve Area charts are useful for noting trends E 192 iSeries 1 li Series 2 H series 3
304. use button 2 Release the mouse button when the window is in the new location Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B Resizing Windows To resize any window 1 Move the cursor over the border of a window until the cursor changes into a double headed arrow 2 Press the left mouse button and move the border to the new location Changing the Active Window To make a window active click anywhere in the window If the window is not currently displayed do the following From the View menu select Windows and then select the window you want to make active You can alternatively select the window from the list of windows in the Section tab Closing Windows To close a window Click the X in the upper right corner of the window or tab You can alternatively right click the title of the window and select Hide from the menu that displays Customizing the Micro Saint Sharp Toolbar You can customize the toolbar in Micro Saint Sharp by moving the position of sections of the toolbar displaying or removing toolbar sections adding new toolbar sections controlling whether buttons display as image text or image and text adding and removing default buttons and adding additional buttons for commands to any of the toolbar sections Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 47 B Customizing the Micro Saint Sharp Toolbar You can also customize the display of toolbars by setting them
305. ution Settings parameters are included in three tabs the Data Compiler and Misc tabs Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1598 B Editing Execution Settings B 160 Data Tab The Data tab contains settings for the number of runs the random seed the start ID the type of output whether real time mode is used whether data collection is enabled whether line by line debugging is used the speed factor and the initialization code a Task Network E Execution Settings 4bx Data Compier Misc Number of Runs 1 Random Seed 1 Start ID 1 Output Type Realtime Mode Enable Task Information Collection Ens Line by Line Debugging Enable Queue Information Collection Snapshots Speed Factor 1 Initialization Code 1i Following is a detailed description of the execution parameters Number of Runs Contains the number of times to run the model If the number is greater than one the execution times paths of execution and other probabilistic events are different for each run If you run the model multiple times with the Task Information Queue Information and Snapshot options enabled the results files contain data from all of the consecutive runs Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 8 Running the Model E Random Seed Contains the number used to generate random numbers for calculating task execution times and taking probabilistic paths through t
306. values The quality of the optimization results therefore depends on the number of simulation and the number of replications per simulations For a set period of time the number of replications per simulation is inversely related to the number of simulations as you increase one the other decreases Decreasing the number of replications can help increase the number of simulations Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 3379 B Factors that Affect Search Performance E 338 The more simulations OptQuest can run the more sets of values it can evaluate and the more likely it is to find a solution close to the optimal solution Simulation Accuracy Two factors affect simulation accuracy m Number of Replications per Simulation B Objective Noisiness Number of Replications per Simulation For sufficient accuracy you must set the number of replications per simulation to the minimum number necessary to obtain a reliable estimate of the objective function being optimized this minimum number is typically found with empirical testing Objective Noisiness Noisiness can also affect the accuracy of your OptQuest results A A uu NA L m WA N Ul TUM Et rt PN VA A AMA PP z f Nan 3 Noisy objective Smooth objective The objective on the left has significant amounts of noise caused by the probability distributions used to model the problem s uncertainty For these types of objectives OptQuest might have trouble discerning the min
307. ween model runs The Line Debugger window does not display in the default configuration You can display it from the Sections window or by selecting Line Degugger from the Windows menu You must also enable the display of the Line Debugger in the Execution settings see page 161 E 38 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 4 Understanding the Micro Saint Sharp Window B Status Bar The status bar displays at the bottom of the Micro Saint Sharp window Any execution related messages display on the left side of the status bar The clock time the run number and a flag indicating whether the model is being run in realtime mode see page 161 display on the right side of the status bar The status bar also displays the cursor coordinates in the Animator window when you click in the window Animator is an optional add on component Window Configurations Micro Saint Sharp provides two default window configurations or views the Edit and the Execution configurations These views were configured with the optimum windows for each in each mode m The Edit configuration displays the Task Network Properties Tree View Palette Watches and Output window W The Execution configuration displays the Task Network Watches and Output window To use the Edit configuration From the View menu select Layout and then select Edit A check mark displays adjacent to the Edit label to show it is selected To use the Execution configur
308. y attribute or a user defined attribute Model Stop Tag 3 stops any entities with a tag value of 3 Model Stop ID 2 stops any entities in task ID 2 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 12 Built in Functions B Stop array Syntax Stop key array value array Description Stops all entities matched by the key value pair The key parameter can be a default entity attribute or a user defined attribute Example If key 0 Group key 1 Tag val 0 3 and val 1 12 then Model Stop key val suspends any entities with a group value of 3 and a tag value of 12 If key 0 Group key 1 ID val 0 3 and val 1 12 then Model Stop key val stops any entities with a group value of 3 in task ID 12 Suspend Syntax suspend key value Description Suspends all entities matched by the key value pair The key parameter can be a default entity attribute or a user defined attribute Example Model Suspend Tag 3 suspends any entities with a tag value of 3 Model Suspend ID 2 suspends any entities in task ID 2 Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 2638 B Model Functions E 264 Suspend array Syntax Suspend key array value array Description Suspends all entities matched by the key value pair The key parameter can be a default entity attribute or a user defined attribute Example If key 0 Group
309. y on the path Squares outline each line segment and diamonds display at the beginning and end of the path From the File menu select Edit You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Edit from the menu that displays The Paths Description dialog box for the path opens and displays the path logic Removing Paths To remove a path 1 Click the path Small green squares and diamonds display on the path Squares outline each line segment and diamonds display at the beginning and end of the path Press the Del key on the keyboard You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Delete from the menu that displays The path is removed Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 Chapter 6 Network Diagram B Designating the Start Node You must select one of the tasks or networks as the start node The start node controls where the simulation begins You can also designate the start node in the Execution Settings dialog box For details see Execution Setting Parameters on page 159 To designate the start node 1 On the network diagram select the task or network to use as the starting point When you select an object a green box displays around the object 2 From the Execution menu select Set Start Object You can alternatively right click the mouse and select Set Start Object from the menu that displays The outline of the object is bolded to show that it is the start node Zooming the Network Dia
310. yle of the Comment box and text within the box and contains any notes regarding the comment amp Task Network al Comment Idx Name Comment lal 1D f14 Bl Item ID 14 Variables E m Style Background Color Border Color Node Shape Text Color Font Type Font Size LightYellow n i Black I Black Arial 10 Following are detailed descriptions of the parameters in the Appearance and Notes tab Style This section contains the items that control the physical appearance of the Comment box For details on these items see Network Parameters Notes on page 92 Contains any notes about the comment Entering notes is optional but notes can be useful for clarity and future reference Micro Saint Sharp User Guide 1 0 1558 B Comments Editing Comments To edit a comment 1 On the task network diagram double click the comment You can alternatively right click the comment in the tree view and select Edit Comment from the menu that displays The Comment Description dialog box displays in the main Document window and the Properties window for the comment also displays You can display different comments in the Comment Description dialog box by clicking the left and right facing arrows in the upper right corner of the dialog box Make your changes For details on comment parameters see Comment Parameters

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