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ZyXEL P-660HW-TX User's Manual

1. 0000 41 CAR UANO ane ere a N 42 5 USING Full Feature NAT aecccicaacucuteecara anaconda 51 6 Using the Dynamic DNS DDNS ec eececeececeeeeeee ees 63 7 Network Management Using SNMP cccsecceeeeeeeeeeeees 65 Bs USING SV Sl OO shea sdertdeesteebsecideei sce dentder secideet seed deetieuideridectieetiees 68 Oe SING ME NAS isn Set eer eta o 68 VO ISIAG HI PONCY ROUINO iec5 se osts en eaa EER 70 11 Using CallSchedulingessr devices cccccdeccccaecetcdeeedeuseseseeese 74 PZ NISMO MME WICC AS latetetumeet sata saa L cee catenin cactus 76 13 Using Bandwidth Management ccccseeeeseeeeseeeeeeeeens 77 14 Using Zero COnfiQuration ccccccccseeeecseeeeseeeeeseeeeeeaeeeeeas 80 15 How could configure triple play on P 660HW TxX v2 83 16 How to configure packet filter on P 660HW TX v2 83 Wireless Application Notes ccccccccsceceeeceeeeneeeseeeeeeeeaeeeseeeeaes 87 1 Configure a Wireless Client to Ad hoc mode 00008 87 2 Configuring Infrastructure MOE cccecseeeeeeeeeeseeeeesaeeees 91 S NAGIP INO gener ee ne eee eee 95 4 Setup WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy ccccsseeeeeeeees 97 S OO UV CY a a ae geen tceiseciadaeheeieteese 102 6 Configure 802 1x ANd WPA cccccccccseeeeeseeeeeaeeeeeaeeeeeaees 105 SUPPO TOON csredare at ert eat het hedad a a ealeeaedaee 110 12 LANAWAIN Fa
2. SUA Supporting Table The following are the required Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding for the various applications running SUA mode ZyXEL SUA Supporting Table HTTP None 80 client IP FTP None 21 client IP 42 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes TELNET None 23 client IP and active Telnet service from WAN POP3 None 110 client IP SMTP None 25 client IP None for Chat mIRC For DCC please set Default Client IP Windows PPTP None 1723 client IP ICQ 99a None for Chat Default client IP For DCC please set ICQ gt preference gt connections gt firewall and set the firewall time out to 80 seconds in firewall setting ICQ 2000b None for Chat None for Chat ICQ Phone 2000b None 6701 client IP Cornell 1 1 Cu SeeMe None 7648 client IP White Pine 3 1 2 Cu SeeMe 7648 client IP amp Default client IP 24032 client IP White Pine 4 0 Cu SeeMe 7648 client IP amp Default client IP 24032 client IP Microsoft NetMeeting 2 1 amp None 1720 client IP 3 01 1503 client IP Cisco IP TV 2 0 0 None RealPlayer G2 None VDOLive None Quake1 067 None Default client IP Quakell2 30 None Default client IP Quakelll1 05 beta None StartCraft 6112 client IP Quick Time 4 0 None 5631 client IP pcAnywhere 8 0 None 5632 client IP 22 client IP IPsec ESP tunneling mode None one client only Default Client M
3. Enter Cl command sys stdio 0 to disable Stdio idle timeout To upgrade firmware use TFTP client program to put firmware in file ras in the Prestige After data transfer is finished the P 660HW Tx v2 will program the upgraded firmware into FLASH ROM and reboot itself To backup your firmware use the TFTP client program to get file ras from the Prestige 6 How do restore P 660HW Tx v2 configurations by using TFTP client program via LAN a b Use the TELNET client program in your PC to login to your P 660HW Tx v2 Enter CI command sys stdio 0 disable Stdio idle timeout To backup the P 660HW Tx v2 configurations use TFTP client program to get file rom 0 from the P 660HW Tx v2 To restore the P 660HW Tx v2 configurations use the TFTP client program to put your configuration in file rom 0 in the P 660HW Tx v2 7 What should do if forget the system password In case you forget the system password you can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults this way Use the RESET button on the rear panel of P 660HW Tx v2 to reset the router After the router is reset the LAN IP address will be reset to 192 168 1 1 the common user password will be reset to user the Administrator password will be reset to 1234 8 How to use the Reset button a b Turn your P 660HW Tx v2 on Make sure the POWER led is on not blinking Press the RESET button for longer than one s
4. enove tiene eiae Configuration service Set Identifier 200 SSID Transter Rate Auto Rate Power Saving Mode Restore Defaults epi chances Cancel Help Step 3 Select Ad hoc from the operation mode pull down menu fill you an SSID and select a channel you want to use than press OK to apply Step 4 Since there is no DHCP server to give the host IP you must first designate a static IP for your station From Windows Start select Control Panel gt Network Connection gt Wireless Network Connection Wireless Network Connection Properties AEI General Authentication Advanced Connect using EJ IEEES02 11b W LAN FCI Card v3 0 Configure Thi connection uses the following items El Client for Microsoft Networks al File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks fl os Packet Scheduler Internet Protocol TCP IP Install Description Transmission Control Protocol nternet Protocol The default Wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconmected networks Show icon in notification area when connected 90 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL PG 6OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes step 5 From general tab select TCP IP and click property Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General You can get IP settings assigned automatically if pour network supports this capability Othenvice you need to ask your net
5. 192 168 1 28 172 1 1 1 Key Settings cl Command Description Select NAT address mapping set and set mapping set ip nat addrmap map map set name but set name is optional name Example gt Ip nat addrmap map 2 Test Set NAT address mapping rule If the type is not inside server then the type field will still need a dummy value like 0 ip nat addrmap rule rule insert Type is 0 4 one to one many to one edit type local start IP local end IP many to many overload many to many non overload global start IP global end IP server inside server set Example gt p nat addrmap rule 1 edit 3 192 168 1 10 192 168 1 20 172 1 1 1 172 1 1 1 33 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL CCCP 6 6OHIW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Save the NAT server set buffer into flash Clear the server set set must use save command ip nat server clear set to let it save into flash Activate the rule rule rule number is 1 to 24 the ip nat server edit rule active l San number 25 36 is for UPNP application ip nat server edit rule svrport lt start Configure the port range from lt start port gt to lt end port gt lt end port gt port gt ip nat server edit rule remotehost Configure the IP address range of remote host Leave it to be default value if you don t need this command ip nat server edit rule leasetime Configure
6. Configuration Site Survey About The list contains available Access Points and their features To Update the list click Hetresh button ou can select a desired Access Point from the list and click Connect button to connect to the specified Access Point SSID Security B55 Test Hone B4000 None Infra Wireless None Infra ZUW AP None Infra LOA AF None Infra Grassybb1 WPA PSK Infra zppri None Infra ZWS AP None Infra bear WEP Infra 1102 WEP Infra ZEL WEF Infra Wireless None Infra k gt Search Connect Cancel Help Step 5 Double click on the AP you want to associated with 94 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes ZyAIR G 700 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Link Info Configuration Site Survey About Curent SSID Test Status Connected Settings Channel 1 Security Disabled Transfer Rate 24 Current IF i J2 166 1 65 Operating Mode Infrastructure T A 7 otal frame Transmitted Receiwed 1 oo 3577 Signal Strength Excellent 1003 LETT TTT TTT Link Quality Excellent 100 TTT YT OF Cancel Help Step 6 After the client have associated with the selected AP The linked AP s channel current linkup rate SSID link quality and signal strength will show on the Link Info page You now successfully associate with the selected AP with Infrastructure Mode 3 MAC Filter MAC Filte
7. How Often Once Once Date yyyy mm dd 2005 12 27 Start Time hh mm 12 00 Duration hh mm 16 00 Action Enable Dial on demand This schedule example permits a demand call on the line on 12 00 a m 2005 12 27 The maximum length of time this connection is allowed is 16 hours To implement this we need to invoke the following command one by one wan callsch index 1 Set call schedule index 1 You must apply this command first before you begin to configure call schedule wan callsch name Test Set the schedule name as Test wan callsch active Yes Enable schedule wan callsch startdate 2005 12 27 Set schedule start date as 2005 12 27 74 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes wan callsch oncedate 2005 12 27 Set the schedule used just once it works on 2005 12 27 wan callsch starttime 12 00 Set the schedule start time as 12 00 wan callsch duration 16 00 Set schedule duration time as 16 hours wan callsch action 2 Set action as dial on demand wan callsch save Save the current call schedule set Key Settings Start date of this schedule rule It can be unmatched with weekday Start Date setting For example if Start Date is 2000 10 02 Monday but Monday setting in weekday can be No The node will always keep up during the setting period It is equivalent F orced On to diable the idel timeout The node will always kee
8. the service bits will be 14 2 4 8 16 32 63 decimal 3f hex you must input 3f Need to perform save after this by command wan atm vchunt save s gt wan atm vchunt add wan atm vchunt sav gt wan atm vchunt dis Configure Buffer 1 RemoteNode Read Only VCI EN VPI VCI T eo e w w w Jser setting 81 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 3 Delete items from the auto haunting preconfigured table by useing command wan atm vchunt remove lt remote node gt lt vpi gt lt vci gt fan atm vehunt remove i A zan atm vchunt display 1 configure Buffer 2 RemoteNode Read Only J VPI VCI EN VFI SOS 4AQ00H 0 635 0 101 STtH ag 660 0 0 i i i i e Using Zero configuration You can enable disable Zero Configuration in Network gt WAN gt Advanced Setup ATM Qos ATH Gas Type CBR ae cell sec 0 cell sec Sustain Cell Rate 0 icell sec Maximum Burst Size T cell zero Configuration apply 1 After configure the auto haunting preconfigured table You just need a PC connected to the device LAN Ethernet port with the DSL sync up 2 Open your web browser to access a Web site It should prompt and request for your username password of your ISP account if your ISP provide PPPoE or PPPOA service 3 After key in the correct info it will than test the connection If it is successful it will than close the
9. 58 hexadecimal digits There are two ways you can configure the WEP Key 1 You can put in a special WEP key in the WEP Key menu directly General Wireless Setup Active Wireless LAN Network Name SSID ZY KEL Hide SSID Channel Selection Channel O6 2437MHz Security Security Mode Static WEP w The different WEP key lengths configure different strength security 40 64 bit 128 bit or 256 bit respectively four wireless client must match the security strength set on the router Please type exactly 5 13 or 29 characters or Please type exactly 10 26 or 58 characters using only the numbers 0 9 and the letters a f or 4 F C Tarot ance 98 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 2 You can also put in an arbitrary sequence of characters in the Passphrase and then press button Generate to let the P 660HW Tx v2 generate WEP Key for you General Wireless Setup 7 Active Wireless LAN Network NamelSsID THide SSID Channel Selection Channel 06 2437 MHz Security Security Mode Static WEP we generate P G ene rate WEP Key iL Mote The different WEP key lengths configure different strength security 40 64 bit 128 bit or 256 bit respectively four wireless client must match the security strength set on the router Please type exactly 5 13 or 29
10. CBW Budget 10 gt Priority gt High Tse All Managed Bandwidth Filter Configuration A mg T LPa Service User defined Destyration 4ddr Piestination Subnet Netmask Destination Port Source Address nurce Subnet Netrmask ojo o ojlo oj o oj 5 oj o oja o 9 3 W E Key Settings RuleName Give this rule a name for example WWW BW Budget Configure the bandwidth you would like to allocate to this rule Priority Enter a number between 0 and 7 to set the priority of this class The higher the number the higher the priority The default setting is 3 Check this box if you would like to let this class to borrow bandwidth from Use All it s parents when the required bandwidth is higher than the configured Managed amount Do not check this if you want to limit the bandwidth of this class Bandwidth at the configured value Please note that you should also disable Maximize Bandwidth Usage on the interface to meet the condition Service Select User defined SIP FTP or H 323 to specify the traffic types Destination Enter the IP address of destination that meets this class IP Address 79 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Destination Subnet Enter the destination subnet mask Mask Destination Port que Enter the destination port number of the traffic Source IP Enter the IP address of source that meats this class N
11. Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes fluctuating natural bit rate The P 660HW Tx v2 is able to support variable traffic among different virtual connections Certain traffic may be discarded if the virtual connection experiences congestion Traffic shaping defines a set of actions taken by the P 660HW Tx v2 to avoid congestion traffic shaping takes measures to adapt to unpredictable fluctuations in traffic flows and other problems among virtual connections 16 What do the parameters PCR SCR MBS mean Traffic shaping parameters PCR SCR MBS can be set in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt Remote Node gt Edit gt ATM Setup Peak Cell Rate PCR The maximum bandwidth allocated to this connection The VC connection throughput is limited by PCR Sustainable Cell Rate SCR The least guaranteed bandwidth of a VC When there are multi VCs on the same line the VC throughput is guaranteed by SCR Maximum Burst Size MBS The amount of cells transmitted through this VC at the Peak Cell Rate before yielding to other VCs Total bandwidth of the line is dedicated to single VC if there is only one VC on the line However as the other VC asking the bandwidth the MBS defines the maximum number of cells transmitted via this VC with Peak Cell rate before yielding to other VCs The P 660HW Tx v2 holds the parameters for shaping the traffic among its virtual channels If you do not need traffic shaping please se
12. For Common User Account it can only access the status monitor of P 660HW Tx v2 and check the current system status For Administrator Account besides accessing the status monitor of P 660HW Tx v2 it can also access Winzard setup Advanced setup of P 660HW Tx v2 Moreover only with Administrator Password you could manage the P 660HW Tx v2 via FTP TFIP or Telnet 4 How do I know the P 660HW Tx v2 s WAN IP address assigned by the ISP You can view My WAN IP lt from ISP gt x x x x shown in Web Configurator Status gt Device Information gt WAN Information to check this IP address 12 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 5 What is the micro filter or splitter used for Generally the voice band uses the lower frequency ranging from 0 to 4KHZz while ADSL data transmission uses the higher frequency The micro filter acts as a low pass filter for your telephone set to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere with your voice transmissions For the details about how to connect the micro filter please refer to the user s manual 6 The P 660HW Tx v2 supports Bridge and Router mode what s the difference between them When the ISP limits some specific computers to access Internet that means only the traffic to from these computers will be forwarded and the other will be filtered In this case we use bridge mode which works as an ADSL modem to c
13. IP addresses as the Internal Local Addresses ILA and the global IP addresses as the Inside Global Address IGA e One to One In One to One mode the P 660HW Tx v2 maps one ILA to one IGA e Many to One In Many to One mode the P 660HW Tx v2 maps multiple ILA to one IGA This is equivalent to SUA i e PAT port address translation ZyXEL s Single User Account feature that previous ZyNOS routers supported the SUA is optional in today s Prestige routers e Many to Many Overload In Many to Many Overload mode the P 660HW Tx v2 maps the multiple ILA to shared IGA All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes e Many One to One In Many One to One mode the P 660HW Tx v2 maps each ILA to unique IGA e Server In Server mode the P 660HW Tx v2 maps multiple inside servers to one global IP address This allows us to specify multiple servers of different tyoes behind the NAT for outside access Note if you want to map each server to one unique IGA please use the One to One mode The following table summarizes the five types NAT Type IP Mapping One to One _ ILA1 lt gt IGA1 Many to One ILA1 lt gt IGA1 SUA PAT ILA2 lt gt IGAT1 ILA1 lt gt IGA1 ILA2 lt gt IGA2 a ILA3 lt gt IGA1 ILA4 lt gt IGA2 ILA1 lt gt IGA1 Many ILA2 lt gt IGA2 ILA3 lt gt IGA3 One to One _ LA4 lt gt IGA4 Server Server 1 IP lt gt IGA1 Server 2 I
14. Ta None InOctets SA5858 CInUnicast 2339 CinMulticast LInDiscards H CInErrors 6 ClnaUnknownProtos OutOctets 1862338 OutUnicast 2669 OutMulticast Out Discards A OutErrors Hl enifH A mtu 1568 inet 192 168 2 1 netmask BxfFFFFFAR broadcast 192 168 2 255 RIP RkX None TR None LInOctets AH CInUnicast 4H ClnMulticast LI nDiscards H CInErrors AH ClnxaUnknownProtos LOutOctets A COutUnicast Al COutMulticast OutDiscards A COutErrors A enif ii mtu 1568 inet 192 168 3 1 netmask AxfFFFFFAR broadcast 192 168 3 255 RIP R Hone Ta None InOctets Hl CInUnicast 6H CIlnMulticast LI nDiscards H CInErrors 4H ClnxaUnknownProtos 69 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes You can edit filter rule to accept or deny LAN packets from to the IP alias 1 2 go through the P 660OHW Tx v2 by command in CLI lan index index number Usage index number 1 main LAN 2 IP Alias 1 3 IP Alias 2 lan filter lt incoming outgoing gt lt tcpip generic gt set Usage set the corresponding filter set number you ve configured lan save e IP Alias Setup 1 Edit the first network in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt LAN gt IP DHCP Setup by configuring the P 660HW Tx v2 s first LAN IP address Key Settings DHCP If the P 660HW Tx v2 s DHCP server is enabled the IP pool for the clients Setup can be any of the three networks TCP IP Enter t
15. This feature is useful when there are multiple servers inside and you want users to be able to use things such as www yourhost dyndns org and still reach your hostname Yes the P 660HW Tx v2 supports DDNS wildcard that htto Awww dyndns org supports When using wildcard you simply enter yourhost dyndns org in the Host field in Menu 1 1 Configure Dynamic DNS 12 Can the P 660HW Tx v2 s SUA handle IPSec packets sent by the IPSec gateway Yes the P 660HW Tx v2 s SUA can handle IPSec ESP Tunneling mode We know when packets go through SUA SUA will change the source IP address and source port for the host To pass IPSec packets SUA must understand the ESP packet with protocol number 50 replace the source IP address of the IPSec gateway to the router s WAN IP address However SUA should not change the source port of the UDP packets which are used for key 14 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes managements Because the remote gateway checks this source port during connections the port thus is not allowed to be changed 13 How do I setup my P 660HW Tx v2 for routing IPSec packets over SUA For outgoing IPSec tunnels no extra setting is required For forwarding the inbound IPSec ESP tunnel A Default server set is required You could configure it in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding gt Default Server Setup Port For
16. browser and you can open a new browser to surf the Internet If the connection test fail it will go back to the page ask for user name and password 82 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 4 Basically the zero configuration only work on the VC that was preconigured in the auto haunting preconfigured table 15 How could configure triple play on P 660HW Tx v2 The common triple play scenario is as follows Jari Dort4 r IMA JA A F PAREN PVC4 o E VIL H 1 V NJ ee on ee oe ee ATUR CPE Access Network Triple Play is a port based policy to forward packets from different LAN port to different PVCs thus we could assign different parameters to the PVC CBR UBR VBR RT VBR nRT to guarantee different applications IP DSLAM VL Switch We could configure triple play on P 660HW Tx v2 via CLI The command is sys tripleplay set lt EportID gt lt PVCID gt For example sys tripleplay portbase set 1 1 sys tripleplay portbase set 2 2 sys tripleplay portbase set 3 3 sys tripleplay portbase save The traffic from Ethernet port 1 must be forwarded to PVC1 vice versa The traffic from Ethernet port 2 must be forwarded to PVC2 vice versa The traffic from Ethernet Port3 must be forwarded to PVC3 vice versa 16 How to configure packet filter on P 660HW Tx v2 The P 660HW Tx v2 allows you to configure up to twelve filter sets with six rules
17. button Add 49 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL PB 6OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Port Forwarding Default Server Setup Default Server 19 7 168 1 34 Port Forwarding Service Na 4 PPTP w Server IP addr es 192 168 1 10 e O O l SE Active Service Name Start Port Server IP Address Modify When you have finished the above settings you can ping to the remote Win9x client from WinNT This ping command ts used to demonstrate that remote the Win9x can be reached across the Internet If the Internet connection between two LANs is achievable you can place a VPN call from the remote Win9x client For example C ping 203 66 113 2 When a dial up connection to ISP is established a default gateway is assigned to the router traffic through that connection Therefore the output below shows the default gateway of the Win9x client after the dial up connection has been established Before making a VPN connection from the Win9x client to the NT server you need to know the exact Internet IP address that the ISP assigns to P 660HW Tx v2 router in SUA mode and enter this IP address in the VPN dial up dialog box You can check this Internet IP address from PNC Monitor or Web Configurator Status gt WAN Information If the Internet IP address is a fixed IP address provided by ISP in SUA mode then you can always use this IP address for reaching the VPN server In the foll
18. characters or Please type exactly 10 276 or 58 characters using only the numbers 0 9 and the letters a f or 4 F apply Caneel Advanced Setup General Wireless Setup Active Wireless LAN Network Name SSID ZyXEL Hide SSID Channel Selection Channel 06 243 7MHz Security Security Mode Static WEP w ibeddadsad ari Mote The different WEP key lengths configure different strength security 40 64 bit 128 bit or 256 bit respectively Your wireless client must match the security strength set on the router Please type exactly 5 13 or 29 characters or Please type exactly 10 26 or 56 characters using only the numbers 0 9 and the letters a f or A F apply cac __ Advanced Setup _ e Setting up the Station Step 1 Double click on the utility icon in your windows task bar or right click the utility icon then select Show Config Utility 99 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Show Contig Utility The utility will pop up on your windows screen ZyAIR G 700 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Link Info Configuration Site Survey About Curent SSID Status Disconnected Settings Channel Security Transter Aate Current IP Operating Mode TxA DT otal frame _ 7 Signal Strength eee Link Quality nt OF Cancel Help Not
19. command on Windows NT Step 1 TELNET to your Prestige first before using TF TP command Step 2 Type the Cl command sys stdio 0 to disable console idle timeout in Command Line Interface CLI Step 3 Download ZyNOS via LAN c tftp i PrestigelP get ras localfile Step 4 Upload P 660HW Tx v2 configurations via LAN c tftp i PrestigelP put localfile rom 0 Step 5 Download P 660HW Tx v2 configurations via LAN c tftp i PrestigelP get rom 0 localfile e Using TFTP command on UNIX Before you begin 1 TELNET to your Prestige first before using TF TP command 2 Type the Cl command sys stdio 0 to disable console idle timeout in Command Line Interface CLI Example copwu faelinux cppwul telnet 192 168 1 1 Trying 192 168 1 1 Connected to 192 168 1 1 Escape character is T Password ras gt sys stdio 0 Open a new window copwu faelinux cppwul tftp 1 192 168 1 1 get rom 0 local rom lt change to binary mode lt download configurations copwu faelinux cppwul tftp 1 192 168 1 1 put local rom rom 0 lt upload configurations copwu faelinux cppwuls tftp 1 192 168 1 1 get ras local ras lt download firmware 117 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes copwu faelinux copwul tftp 1 192 168 1 1 put local ras ras lt upload firmware 3 Using FTP to Upload the Firmware and Configuration Files In addition
20. eee ere 19 Firewall gies ctiaes n Gat faa R eauieGent Geiser eeeegoseakt 21 achar a a A eee ee 21 1 What is a network firewall cccccccsecesseeeseeeeeaeeeeseeeeaeeeens 21 2 What makes P 660HW TX v2 secure cceeccceeeeeeeeeeee ees 21 3 What are the basic types of firewalls cccececeeeeeeeeee ees 21 4 What kind of firewall is the P 660HW TX V2 cece 22 5 Why do you need a firewall when your router has packet fiitenng and NAT DUIN seis Sleetere ied S enolate eee ites 22 6 What is Denials of Service DOS attack n 22 7 What is Ping of Death attack cc eccccececeeeeseeeeseeeeseeees 23 8 What is Teardrop attack 0 00 0 cceccccccccseecceeeeseeeesaeeeseeeesaeees 23 9 What is SYN Flood attack cccccceeececseeeeeeeeeesaeeeesaeeees 23 10 What is LAND attack 0 0 0 cccccccceeeeeeeeeseeeeesaeeeeseeeeeeas 23 11 What is Brute force attack ccccceccesseeeseeeeseeeeneeeeaeeeens 24 12 What is IP Spoofing attack ccccecccseeeeseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeens 24 13 What are the default ACL firewall rules in P 660HW Tx v2 E anes AE Seeded ee a eee 24 Soi nile eee Io q kere meemeee emer serene Meron mets tare ete er nine Menten etn Serene eee Se 24 1 How do configure the firewall cccseeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 24 2 How do prevent others from configuring my firewall 24 3 Why can t configure my P 660HW Tx v2 using Web Configurat
21. even though SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside world A service is identified by the port number Also since you need to specify the IP address of a server behind the P 660HW Tx v2 a server must have a fixed IP address and not be a DHCP client whose IP address potentially changes each time P 660HW Tx v2 is powered on In addition to the servers for specific services SUA supports a default server A service request that does not have a server explicitly designated for is 45 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation forwarded to the default server If the default server is not defined the service request is simply discarded Configuration To make a server visible to the outside world specify the port number of the service and the inside address of the server in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding The outside users can access the local server using the P 660HW Tx v2 s WAN IP address which can be obtained from Web Configurator Status gt WAN Information For example Configuring an internal Web server for outside access Suppose the server IP Address is 192 168 1 10 1 Fill in the service name and server IP Address press button Add Port Forwarding Default Server Setup Default Server 197 168 1 34 Port Forwarding Guies Namea S fperver IP ddress 192 168 1 10 gt Ta Active Service Name Start Port Server IP A
22. multicast packet 76 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes needs to be forwarded At start up the P 660HW Tx v2 queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership After that the P 660HW Tx v2 updates the information by periodic queries The P 660HW Tx v2 implementation of IGMP is also compatible with version 1 The multicast setting can be turned on or off on Ethernet and remote nodes e IP Multicast Setup 1 Enable IGMP in P 660HW Tx v2 s LAN in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt LAN gt IP gt Advanced Setup 2 Enable IGMP in P 660HW Tx v2 s remote node in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt Remote Node gt Edit gt Multicast Key Settings Multicast IGMP v1 for IGMP version 1 IGMP v2 for IGMP version 2 13 Using Bandwidth Management e Why Bandwidth Management BWM Nowadays we have many different traffic types for Internet applications Some traffic may consume high bandwidth such as FTP File Transfer Protocol some other traffic may not require high bandwidth but they require stable supply of bandwidth such as VoIP traffic The VolP quality would not be good if all of the outgoing bandwidth is occupied via FTP Additionally chances are that you would like to grant higher bandwidth for some body specially who is using specific IP address in your network All of these are reasons why we need bandwi
23. need more than one access point is the RF coverage area step 7 ice area you needed less serv Ire have not cover all the w 6 of survey on site as necessary upon completion you fs Repeat step 1 Step 8 104 ite survey As illustrated below lagram and information o willhave and All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes HRA HHRMA REARS HMM MER MENERE SEE ERE ES EEE KEE REE ERE Rane E x somes xii HMHHMHHMHHMHH eee Pe LE 2 2 ee Be ee ed ee HH MHS PERTHE AIAOSA MADMOON H i MAAS REM AA RAS RAMEE ertttettr ttrt RAMAN MEEHAN RHE ee i THE BEERMERES siiintemnniened x H SR HERE EMER EMME REE EERE REE REE RE Ee Ee RB e Re Ee RM EERE BERERERERE HENKE E Xi o K xe HR RX EEERERRRR REARS S PAE i vietal kattta Kien Bree kattta PREE htititetietiti titititi Hy HAANEN r r aa Soeateae nn nn MASS SEA utette titti ttt etter tetetetetr tet rete tet steer Shoe a Soon teae RKERER ER EER EREEXEX Hik X HEE REA AAA A REA moe ss ss ee woe tee woe BEE tetetetrtetetetetr tet eete tet te et ie deede SPEDE BD SoD SAS ce Ded SA MI Se D On oe x x better rete rete AAHAS SE x BEARER eae ERE KAKAA AXLXKX tett trE tH oH SSeS Sen MS Sao eS San aD SE SED REDS sht ota ata ota ta ate ofa ate ofa ata ot
24. port numbers of the local systems currently using it 10 What is the difference between SUA and Full Feature NAT When you edit a remote node in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt Remote Node gt Edit there will be three options for you e None e SUA Only e Full Feature SUA Single User Account in previous ZyNOS versions is a NAT set with 2 rules Many to One and Server With SUA visible servers had to be mapped to different ports since the servers share only one global IP The P 660HW Tx v2 now has Full Feature NAT which supports five types of IP Port mapping One to One Many to One Many to Many Overload Many to Many No Overload and Server You can make special application when you select Full Feature NAT For example With multiple global IP addresses multiple severs using the same port e g FTP servers using port 21 20 are allowed on the LAN for outside access The P 660HW Tx v2 supports NAT sets on a remote node basis They are reusable but only one set is allowed for each remote node The P 660HW Tx v2 supports 8 sets since there are 8 remote nodes By fatory default the NAT is select as SUA in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt General gt NAT Setup All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 11 Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the outside Internet If possible how Yes it
25. should use WPA PSK WPA Pre Share Key that only requires a single identical password entered into each access point wireless gateway and wireless client As long as the passwords match a client will be granted access to a WLAN You can refer to the User Guide for more information about it 4 What is the difference between 40 bit and 64 bit WEP 40 bit WEP and 64 bit WEP are the same encryption level and can interoperate The lower level of WEP encryption uses a 40 bit 10 Hex character as secret key set by user and a 24 bit Initialization Vector not under user control 40 24 64 Some vendors refer to this level of WEP as 40 bit others as 64 bit 5 What is a WEP key A WEP key is a user defined string of characters used to encrypt and decrypt data 6 Will 128 bit WEP communicate with 64 bit WEP No 128 bit WEP will not communicate with 64 bit WEP Although 128 bit WEP also uses a 24 bit Initialization Vector but it uses a 104 bit as secret key Users need to use the same encryption level in order to make a connection 35 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 7 Can the SSID be encrypted No WEP only encrypts the data packets not the 802 11 management packets The SSID is in the beacon and probe management messages and SSID goes over the air in clear text This makes obtaining the SSID easy by sniffing 802 11 wireless traffic 8 By turning off t
26. teen luna eden diel leila 14 13 How do setup my P 660HW Tx v2 for routing IPSec packets over Cee Be RCE Se eo PEE a ene E ree Pr AE E EE ee te ornare eer Tey 15 14 What ts Traffic SNADING erren E 15 15 Why do we perform traffic shaping in the P 660HW Tx v2 15 16 What do the parameters PCR SCR MBS mean cceeeee 16 1 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 17 What do the ATM QoS Types CBR UBR VBR nRT VBR RT mean N PERIPE te sab ec sec AREE E A E E AES seated oneness 16 18 What iS coment TIRET sessen au wejunndawaiwsawae 17 ADSLFAO oean E eee ee ere 18 1 How does ADSL compare to Cable MOdeEMS cccccseeeeeneeeeeeees 18 2 What is the expected throughput cccsscccsseeceeeeceeeeceneeceeeeneuees 18 3 What is the microfilter used for 00 cecccsecccseeecseeeceeeeceeeeceusesausessaess 18 4 How do know the ADSL line iS UP nnoannnnnnnnnnannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnenne 18 5 How does the P 660HW Tx v2 work on a noisy ADSL 006 18 6 Does the VC based multiplexing perform better than the LLC based CUNO XUN 2 sss act tas eta aa ah ain neh ed tag ag eases eas 19 7 How do know the details of my ADSL line statistics 00000000 19 8 What are the signaling pins of the ADSL connector c ccccee 19 Z WaS gl om 8 2 1 a eae meee see arte T Soe ee a
27. the fatal code will be sent Produets l poyeVariables Group pERT Variables Group pIPxVariables Group pAPTVariables Group pERSYariable Group pial Invariables Group pRemotellodevariahbles Group pRemoteUservariables Group Zyxel Traps Figure 3 WKEL Private MIB Tree e Downloading ZyXEL s private MIB e Configure the P 660HW Tx v2 for SNMP 66 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes The SNMP related settings in P 660HW Tx v2 are configured in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Advanced gt Remote MGNT gt SNMP The following steps describe a simple setup procedure for configuring all SNMP settings SNMP Access Status Secured Client IP SNMP Configuration Get Community public Set Community public TrapCommunity public lt TrapDestination 1927 168 1 33 T gt Ari Note You may also need to create a Firewallrule Gost Key Settings Option Descriptions Get Enter the correct Get Community This Get Community must match the Get and GetNext community requested from the NMS The default is Community public Set Enter the correct Set Community This Set Community must match the Community Set community requested from the NMS The default is public Enter the IP address of the NMS The P 660HW Tx v2 will only respond Tr usted to SNMP messages coming from this IP address If 0 0 0 0 is entered the P 66
28. the lease time Leave it to be default value if lt seconds gt you dont want this command ip nat server edit rule rulename Configure the name of the rule Leave it to be default lt string gt value if you don t want this command ip nat server edit rule forwardip lt IP l Configure the LAN IP address to be forwarded address gt ip nat server edit rule protocol Configure the protocol to be used TCP UDP or ALL lt ITCP UDP ALL gt it must be capital NAT Server Sets The NAT Server Set is a list of LAN side servers mapped to external ports similar to the old SUA menu of before If you wish you can make inside servers for different services e g Web or FTP visible to the outside users even though NAT makes your network appears as a single machine to the outside world A server is identified by the port number e g Web service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21 As an example see the following figure if you have a Web server at 192 168 1 86 and a FTP server at 192 168 1 33 then you need to specify for port 80 Web the server at IP address 192 168 1 36 and for port 21 FTP another at IP address 192 168 1 33 FIP Server 192 168 1 33 Web Server 192 168 1 36 EN Global IP assigned by the ISP 56 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL PB 6OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Please note that a server can support more than one service e g a server can provide both
29. to upload the firmware and configuration file via the console port and TFTP client you can also upload the firmware and configuration files to the Prestige using FTP To use this feature your workstation must have a FTP client software See the example shown below e Using FTP client software Note The remote file name for the firmware is ras and the configuration file is rom 0 Use FTP client from your workstation to connect to the Prestige by PIEP entering the IP address of the Prestige Press Enter key to ignore the username because the Prestige does Step2 not check the username Enter the CLI password as the FTP login password the default is Plepa admin Step 4 Enter command bin to set the transfer type to binary Step 5 Use put command to transfer the file to the Prestige Example step 1 Connect to the Prestige by entering the Prestige s IP and Administrator password in the FTP software Set the transfer type to Auto Detect or 118 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Binary Edit Host General Advanced mite Label Host Twpe Prestige Anto Detect Host Address Intal Remote Directo 192 168 1 1 User ID Faswornd Remote Directory Filter p M Local Filtering Login type Transfer type Initial Local Directory E i Normal e ASCII Local Directory Filter i Ano
30. types of devices use the 2 4GHz Band 31 14 Does the 802 11 interfere with Bluetooth device 31 15 Can radio signals pass through wall cccecesseeeeeeeeees 31 16 What are potential factors that may causes interference among WLAN products ccccceececeeeeceeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeseneesauees 32 17 What s the difference between a WLAN and a WWAN 32 18 Can manually swap the wireless module without damage AMA VAL AN aa aa thin E teed ee hes 32 19 Does P 660HW Tx v2 support WEP cceeeseeeeeneeeeees 32 20 What wireless standard does P 660HW Tx v2 support 32 21 Does P 660HW Tx v2 support MAC filtering 0 32 22 Does P 660HW Tx v2 support auto rate adaption 33 FRAN ING CCl A racteas asia tessa teh Pana tgartn ate ang estcaoa sant dei solgujaanereageuegudae 33 Te Whati AG HOCINOOG irirna 33 2 What is Infrastructure mode ccccceccceeeeeeeeseeeceeesaeeeseees 33 3 How many Access Points are required in a given area 33 4 What is Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Technology DSSS era re Rt eC oe ene ee ee 33 5 What is Frequency hopping Spread Spectrum Technology OOF E E a eaters EA aerate A ie A EE AR PEE A enamored 33 6 Do need the same kind of antenna on both sides of a link EIRETIER EIEE A E AT EERE E EATE 33 7 Why the 2 4 Ghz Frequency range cccccceseeeeseeeeseeeenees 34 8 What is Server Set
31. y z is your netmask For the output data filters e Deny bounce back packet e Allow packets that originate from us Filter rule setup e Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule e Active Yes e Destination IP Addr a b c d e Destination IP Mask w x y z e Action Matched Drop e Action No Matched Forward Where a b c d is an IP address on your local network and w x y z is your netmask 11 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Product FAQ 1 How can I manage P 660HW Tx v2 Multilingual Embedded Web GUI for Local and Remote management CLI Command line interface Telnet support Administrator Password Protected for remote configuration change and status monitoring FTP TFTP sever firmware upgrade and configuration backup and restore are supported Administrator Password Protected 2 What is the default password for Web Configurator There are two different accounts for P 660HW Tx v2 Web Configurator Common User Account and Administrator Account By factory default the password for the two accounts are e Common User Account user e Administrator Account 1234 You can change the password after you logging in the Web Configurator Please record your new password whenever you change it The system will lock you out if you have forgotten your password 3 What s the difference between Common User Account and Administrator Account
32. 0HW Tx v2 will respond to all NMS managers Trap Enter the community name in each sent trap to the NMS This Trap Community Community must match what the NMS is expecting The default is 67 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes public Tra Enter the IP address of the NMS that you wish to send the traps to If p l 0 0 0 0 is entered the P 660HW Tx v2 will not send trap any NMS Destination manager Note You may need to edit a firewall rule to permit SNMP Packets 8 Using syslog Syslog Server IP Address lt is 168 1 33 gt Server Name or IP Address Lo Cee Log Facility Active Log and Alert You can configure it in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Maintenance gt Logs gt Log Settings gt Syslog logging Key Settings Active Select it to active UNIX Syslog Syslog IP Address Enter the IP address of the UNIX server that you wish to send the syslog Log Facility Select from the 7 different local options The log facility lets you log the message in different server files Refer to your UNIX manual 9 Using IP Alias e What is IP Alias In a typical environment a LAN router is required to connect two local networks The P 660HW Tx v2 can connect three local networks to the ISP or a remote node we call this function as IP Alias In this case an internal router is not required For example the network manager c
33. 18 63 478 H2 18 63 4968 H2 16 63 718 62 16 635 716 22 18 63 928 82 18 603 928 H2 16 64 146 62 16 64 146 82 718 64 368 82 18 64 368 H2 10 04 586 H2 16 64 588 trep w on tred brirf ENETH RLABS4 I ENETAH T 128 ENETA RCAAS4 I ENET T 8125 ENETH RL HS 4 ENETH T 176 ENETH RTAAS4 I ENETH T 196 1 ENETH RLABS4 I ENETH T A196 1 ENETH RLAAS4 I ENETH T 196 1 ENETH RL HS 4 ENET T LHiY6 ENET A RL HS4 ENETH T 196 1 ENETH RLOHS 4 ENETH T LA196 ENETH RLAAS4 I ENETH T 196 1 ENETH RLABS4 I ENETH T LH176 1 2 Trace WAN packet 192 168 2 1 33 1829 7192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 1223 2192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 33521829 2192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 21223 5192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 33 1829 7192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 1223 2192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 2335 21829 2192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 21223 5192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 33 1829 7192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 1223 2192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 335 21829 2192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 21223 5192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 3321829 7192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 1223 7192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 2335 21829 2192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 1223 5192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 2 33 21829 7192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 1223 2192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 33521829 2192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 21223 5192 168 1 33 21829 192 168 1 3321829 7192 168 1 1223 192 168 1 1223 7192 168 1 33 1829 e Disable the capture o
34. 1b and Bluetooth devices occupy the same2 4 to 2 483 GHz unlicensed frequency range the same band But a Bluetooth device would not interfere with other 802 11 devices much more than another 802 11 device would interefere While more collisions are possible with the introduction of a Bluetooth device they are also possible with the introduction of another 802 11 device or a new 2 4 GHz cordless phone for that matter But BlueTooth devices are usually low power so the effects that a Bluetooth device may have on an 802 11 network if any aren t far reaching 15 Can radio signals pass through wall Transmitting through a wall is possible depending upon the material used in its construction In general metals and substances with a high water content do not allow radio waves to pass through Metals reflect radio waves and concrete 31 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes attenuates radio waves The amount of attenuation suffered in passing through concrete will be a function of its thickness and amount of metal re enforcement used 16 What are potential factors that may causes interference among WLAN products Factors of interference 1 Obstacles walls ceilings furniture etc 2 Building Materials metal door aluminum studs 3 Electrical devices microwaves monitors electric motors Solution 1 Minimizing the number of walls and ceilings 2 Anten
35. 2 with ILA2 192 168 1 11 to IGA2 200 0 0 2 e Rule 3 Many to One type to map the other clients to IGA3 200 0 0 3 e Rule 4 Server type to map a web server and mail server with ILA3 192 168 1 20 to IGA3 Type Server allows us to specify multiple servers of different types to other machines behind NAT on the LAN 59 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation Step 1 In this case we need to map ILA to more than one IGA therefore we must choose the Full Feature option from the NAT field in currently active remote node and assign IGA3 to P 660HW Tx v2 s WAN IP Address IP Address obtain an IP Address Automatically Static IP Address Default Gateway Gateway Subnet Mask RIP Direction Version Multicast NAT Step 2 Go to Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Address Mapping to begin configuring Address Mapping Set 1 We can see there are 10 blank rule table that could be configured See the following setup for the four rules in our case Rule 1 Setup Select One to One type to map the FTP Server 1 with ILA1 192 168 1 10 to IGA1 200 0 0 1 Edit Address Mapping Rulel Local Start IP Local End IF Global Start IP lt 200 0 0 1 Global End IP MA Server Mapping Set NA Edit Details Cancel Rule 2 Setup Selecting One to One type to map the FTP Server 2 with ILA2 192 168 1 11 to IGA2 200 0 0 2 60 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communicati
36. 660HW Tx v2 for 1 5 seconds the OTIST is actived The P 660HW Tx v2 will enhance the Wireless Security Level to WPA PSK automatically if no WLAN security has been set The default setup key for OTIST is 01234567 36 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Application Notes General Application Notes 1 Internet Access Using P 660HW Tx v2 under Bridge mode e Setup your workstation e Setup your P 660HW Tx v2 under bridge mode lf the ISP limits some specific computers to access Internet that means only the traffic to from these computers will be forwarded and the other will be filtered In this case we use P 660HW Tx v2 which works as an ADSL bridge modem to connect to the ISP The ISP will generally give one Internet account and limit only one computer to access the Internet Set up your workstation 1 Ethernet connection To connect your computer to the P 660HW Tx v2 s LAN port the computer must have an Ethernet adapter card installed For connecting a single computer to the P 660HW Tx v2 we use a Ethernet cable 2 TCP IP configuration In most cases the IP address of the computer is assigned by the ISP dynamically so you have to configure the computer as a DHCP client which obtains the IP from the ISP using DHCP protocol The ISP may also provide the gateway DNS via DHCP if they are available Otherwise please enter the static IP addresses for all th
37. 800 In Seconds Idle Timeout 3600 In Seconds Group Key Update Timer is00 In Seconds feo Ge advanced setup _ e Configuration for your PC Step 1 Double click on your wireless utility icon in your windows task bar the utility will pop up on your windows screen step 2 Select the configuration tab type in the SSID Service Set Identifier select the operating Mode as Infrastructure and select proper channel YAIR G 700 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Link Into Configuration Site Survey About Profile fruth Remove r Configuration sniceSetidentiier Te gt Wireless Security Configuration Cancel Hep 107 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Step 3 Click Set Security to configure the security parameters ZyAIR G 200 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Security C Eg Suthenticatiors WPA PSK k p e l See DS M Step 4 Click OK for finish and begin to Site survey Connect to the AP as you have configured ZyAIR G 200 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Link Info Configuration Site Survey About The list contains available Access Points and their features To Update the list click Hefresh button You can select a desired Access Point from the list and click Connect button to connect to the specified Access Point SSID BSS A HH WwWPA PSE Tone Infra Hone Infra WEF In
38. A Wireless LAN card is higher than hubs and CAT 5 cables 29 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 4 Where can you find 802 11 wireless networks Airports hotels and even coffee shops like Starbucks are deploying 802 11 networks so people can wirelessly browse the Internet with their laptops As these types of networks increase this will create additional security risk for the remote user if not properly protected 5 What is an Access Point The AP access point also known as a base station is the wireless server that with an antenna and a wired Ethernet connection that broadcasts information using radio signals AP typically acts as a bridge for the clients It can pass information to wireless LAN cards that have been installed in computers or laptops allowing those computers to connect to the campus network and the Internet without wires 6 What is IEEE 802 11 The IEEE 802 11 is a wireless LAN industry standard and the objective of IEEE 802 11 is to make sure that different manufactures wireless LAN devices can communicate to each other 802 11 provides 1 or 2 Mbps transmission in the 2 4 GHz ISM band using either FHSS or DSSS 7 What is 802 11b 802 11b is the first revision of 802 11 standard allowing data rates up to 11Mbps in the 2 4GHz ISM band Also known as 802 11 High Rate and Wi Fi 802 11b only uses DSSS the maximum speed of 11Mbps has fallback
39. AIA ree retttettE trr EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE SUA A A a pice A ee eee BEM ME EE MME XEE EE ERRERERRRE RRR EEMMERE MEE EEEREREREEE x sells CRHMHEREE HEKEEEEER HERRREMERREREE HHEMEEEEEEE arias KEMMEREREEEREK SHITE Fettet bettet mi SMM MMe iRHMHE AHHH RHEE HNH x x a sells sells Siaechas x a na nmi sais KREMEREEME EXE KEE KEK REM EMER EER EEKEREEX Mess nmi perti PEPPE EE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE X H ik x x x x EEEE X z pee NHANH NNNNA NNNHNNN NHNHNANNNHNHANNHNHNANHNHNNANNHHHNNAHHHHN HEREEEERH HEREKEREX HeHHHHHHH RH rer ae secs aoe sea se petten petet ete s19 e4 1 594 2UH sesots MKREKKEKX seats BHEHM HM HMM AHEMMHE HEE EH ERM RERUN HH MME HEBER HM RE RUM HH RENE HEHEHE HEREEE eet Sane Pers H HEME REM EXER E EERE RERRE RM REREE REY RR REX MRE eK RRR ERE st at HME EMRE EERE SRE EEE eee x nX sommes tomes PH Settee teeter tee tititi trt SKN k the spot Now lon mar When you reach the farthest point of connect Step 5 you move the access point to this new spot as have already determine the d ice is require farthest point of the access point installation spot if wireless serv from corner of the room Repeat step 1 5 and now you should be able to mark an RF coverage Step 6 llustrated in above picutre area as You may
40. Configuration 1 How do configure the firewall You can use the Web Configurator to configure the firewall for P 660HW Tx v2 By factory default if you connect your PC to the LAN Interface of P 660HW Tx v2 you can access Web Configurator via http 192 168 1 1 Note Don t forget to type in the Administrator Password 2 How do I prevent others from configuring my firewall There are several ways to protect others from touching the settings of your firewall 24 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation 4yXFtCCCCCCCC P OH W Tx v2 Series Support Notes 1 Change the default Administrator password since it is required when setting up the firewall 2 Limit who can access to your P 660HW Tx v2 s Web Configurator or CLI You can enter the IP address of the secured LAN host in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Advanced gt Remote MGNT gt Service gt Secured Client IP to allow special access to your P 660HW Tx v2 TE W W W W W Access Status LAM WAM Me T ae lt Secured Client IP all Selected 0 0 0 0 CL Wote 1 For UPnoPto function normally the HTTP service must be available for LAN computers using UPnP 2 You may also need to create a Firewallrule The default value in this field is 0 0 0 0 which means you do not care which host is trying to telnet your P 660HW Tx v2 or access the Web Configurator of 3 Why can t configure my P 660HW Tx v2 using Web Configurator T
41. E RE ERE ER ERE ERE ERE REERE RE REE RE REE RE EEX MER ERR AMAR tet er eter MI MADD terete tetris tere ter i n a e he herb e e bch che Note If there are more than one access point is needed be sure to make the adjacent access point service area over lap one another So the wireless station is able to roam For more information please refer to roaming at 6 Configure 802 1x and WPA e What is the WPA Functionality e Configuration for Access Point e Configuration for your PC e What is WPA Functionality Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a subset of the IEEE 802 11i security specification draft Key differences between WAP and WEP are user authentication and improved data encryption WAP applies IEEE 802 1x Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP to authenticate wireless clients using an external RADIUS database You can not use the P 660HW Tx v2 s local user database for WPA authentication purpose since the local user database uses MD5 EAP which can not to generate keys WPA improves data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP Message Integrity Check and IEEE 802 1x Temporal Key Integrity 105 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Protocol uses 128 bits keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server It includes a per packet key mixing function a Message Integrity Check MIC named Michael an extend initia
42. FTP and Mail service while another provides only Web Service The following procedures show how to configure a server behind NAT step 1 Login Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding Step 2 Select the service name from the pull down menu and fill in the server Address on Server IP Address then click button Add to save it Port Forwarding Default Server Setup Default Server 0 0 0 0 Port Forwarding Service al P Server IP METTER 0 0 00 0 0 0 step 3 You could click the button Edit on the rule to modify the Service name server IP Address Start End Port The most often used port numbers are shown in the following table Please refer RFC 1700 for further information about port numbers Service Port Number FTP 21 Telnet 23 SMTP 25 DNS Domain Name Server 53 www hitp Web 80 PPTP Point to Point Tunneling 1723 Protocol e Examples e Internet Access Only e Internet Access with an Internal Server e Using Multiple Global IP addresses for clients and servers e Support Non NAT Friendly Applications 1 Internet Access Only 57 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes In our Internet Access example we only need one rule where all our ILAs map to one IGA assigned by the ISP You can just use the default SUA NAT or you could select Full Feature NAT and select an Address Mapping Set with a Ma
43. HW Tx v2 will get the date time and time zone information from this server You can configure it in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Maintenance gt System gt Time Setting Time Setting Current Time and Date Current Time 11 08 14 Current Date 2005 12 27 Time and Date Setup Manual New Time hh mm ss New Date Coyyy mm dd J piz p Get from Time Serve Hime Protocol Daytime RFC 86 Se Server ai dress IERE Tat Time Zone Setup Time Zone GMT Greenwich Mean Time Dublin Edinburgh Lisbon Landon w Enable Daylight Savings Start Date af 2005 01 02 at o o clock End Date of Jat 2005 01 02 at o clock 12 Using IP Multicast e What is IP Multicast Traditionally IP packets are transmitted in two ways unicast or broadcast Multicast is a third way to deliver IP packets to a group of hosts Host groups are identified by class D IP addresses i e those with 1110 as their higher order bits In dotted decimal notation host group addresses range from 224 0 0 0 to 239 255 255 255 Among them 224 0 0 1 is assigned to the permanent IP hosts group and 224 0 0 2 is assigned to the multicast routers group IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol is the protocol used to support multicast groups The latest version is version 2 see RFC2236 IP hosts use IGMP to report their multicast group membership to any immediate neighbor multicast routers so the multicast routers can decide if a
44. I upload the firmware and configuration file using FTP over WAN 1 When the firewall is turned on all connections from WAN to LAN are blocked by the default ACL rule To enable FTP from WAN you must turn the firewall off or create a firewall rule to allow FTP connection from WAN The WAN to LAN ACL summary will look like as shown below Source IP FTP host Destination IP P 660HW Tx v2 s WAN IP 26 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL PB 6OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Service FTP TCP 21 TCP 20 Action Forward 2 You have disabled FTP service in Web Configurator Advanced setup Advanced gt Remote MGNT 3 FTP service is enabled but your host IP is not the secured host entered in Web Configurator Advanced setup Advanced gt Remote MGNT 4 A filter set which blocks FTP from WAN is applied to WAN node You can check by command wan node index index wan node display Log and Alert 1 When does the P 660HW Tx v2 generate the firewall log The P 660HW Tx v2 generates the firewall log immediately when the packet matches a firewall rule The log for Default Firewall Policy LAN to WAN WAN to LAN WAN to WAN is generated automatically with factory default setting but you can change it in Web Configurator 2 What does the log show to us The log supports up to 128 entries There are 5 columns for each entry Please see the example shown below mee Source Destination
45. ID SSID oo eeccceececeeeeseeeeeenees 34 SPA 2 Gal covers il eaten SC Geet nes eee ne 34 SECUN EA saceec Oscanauay net ecauieuae seat naa S a acecamoaaueds 34 1 How do secure the data across the P 660HW Tx v2 Access FOUL SCO NNR l varenie raai tcc E panacea ATA 34 2 WAAS WEP Poseren T OAA 34 3 What is WPA crinis 35 3 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 4 What is the difference between 40 bit and 64 bit WEP 35 Dis VAL S A WER KEY aana ahceisoge sh aeld ag sence hae eee he 35 6 Will 128 bit WEP communicate with 64 bit WEP 35 7 Can the SSID be encrypted cc eeccceececeeseeseeeeesaeeeeeaeeees 36 8 By turning off the broadcast of SSID can someone still sniff MESIO renr calcein enau pisses sewinsederatenns stavaneenesauae 36 9 What are Insertion Attacks d ewsdvsisvendveensaaetneretaneareeeds 36 10 Wpatis Wireless SAITIEL nonon 36 11 What is OTIST How do use It nannnannnannnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnne 36 APPNCAUON NOTOS 5 scc2essserceresrsadusniusoussnenceduiaussunquuereasimeneetenmsutauuseiseaeds 37 General Application Notes cccccccccceeeccceeeeeeeeeesseeeesaeeeeseeeeeeas 37 1 Internet Access Using P 660HW Tx v2 under Bridge mode 37 2 Internet Access Using P 660HW Tx v2 under Routing mode EE seater E E deste Sem A E A A E cies ate 39 3 Setup the P 660HW Tx v2 as a DHCP Relay
46. NS Setup C Active Dynamic ONS Service Provider WV DynDNS ORG Dynamic ONS Type J Enable wildcard Option C Enable off line option Only applies to custom DNS IP Address Update Policy Use WAN IP Address O Dynamic DONS server auto detect IP Address Ouse specified IF ddress 0 0 0 0 Key Settings Option Description Enter the DDNS server in this field Currently we support WWW DYNDNS ORG Active Toggle to Yes Service Provider Host Name Enter the hostname you subscribe from the above DDNS server 64 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes For example zyxel com tw User Name Enter the user name that the DDNS server gives to you Password Enter the password that the DDNS server gives to you Enter the hostname for the wildcard function that the Enable Wildcard WWW DYNDNS ORG supports Note that Wildcard option is available only when the provider is http AWwww dyndns org 7 Network Management Using SNMP e ZyXEL SNMP Implementation ZyXEL currently includes SNMP support in some P 660HW Tx v2 routers It is implemented based on the SNMPv1 so it will be able to communicate with SNMPv1 NMSs Further users can also add ZyXEL s private MIB in the NMS to monitor and control additional system variables The ZyXEL s private MIB tree is shown in figure 3 For SNMPv1 operation ZyXEL permits one community string so that the router can be
47. Nata 12 13 2005 ae ACCESS 1 ener Firewall default policy TCP Lto W 192 168 1 33 3466 207 69 188 186 5000 foe 3 How do view the firewall log All logs generated in P 660HW Tx v2 including firewall logs IPSec logs system logs are migrated to centralized logs So you can view firewall logs in Centralized logs Web Configurator Advanced setup Maintenance gt Logs gt View Log The log keeps 128 entries the new entries will overwrite the old entries when the log has over 128 entries Before you can view firewall logs there are two steps you need to do 21 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 1 Enable log function in Centralized logs setup via either one of the following methods e Web configuration Advanced Setup Maintenance gt Logs gt Log Settings check Access Control and Attacks options depending on your real situation e Cl command sys logs category access attack 2 Enable log function in firewall default policy or in firewall rules After the above two steps you can view firewall logs via e Web Configurator Advanced setup Maintenance gt Logs gt View Log e View the log by Cl command sys logs disp You can also view Centralized logs via mail or syslog please configure mail server or Unix Syslog server in Web configuration Advanced Setup Maintenance gt Logs gt Log Settings 4 When does the P 660HW Tx v2 gene
48. P 660HW Tx v2 Series 802 11g Wireless ADSL2 4 port Gateway Support Notes Version3 40 Mar 2006 ZyXEL Unleash Networking Power ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes FAO aa EAEE E 6 DINOS FAO e OEE 6 le WV AS ZINOT REE ERE EE 6 2 What s Multilingual Embedded Web Configurator cceeeeeeeeee 6 3 How do access the P 660HW Tx v2 Command Line Interface CLI 6 4 How do update the firmware and configuration file ceeeee 6 5 How do upgrade backup the ZyNOS firmware by using TFTP client 2 010 V2 10 giant re Ba 2 gerne eee rer ioe set nr er eal re ee ere re Te 6 6 How do restore P 660HW Tx v2 configurations by using TFTP client POJ an TEAN tt ca secrete eerie eens steer seme se O EAEE 7 7 What should do if forget the system password cceeeeeeeeeeee 7 8 How to use the Reset DURON rierien eienen 7 9 What is SUA When should use SUA ee ecccseeeecseeeeeeeeeeeaeeeesaees 8 10 What is the difference between SUA and Full Feature NAT 8 11 Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the outside Miemet M OSSIOISS NOW aisles cat pert aeeten oat hata alee teal ia ata ueaat teal 9 12 When do need select Full Feature NAT cccccseceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 9 13 What IP Port mapping does Multi NAT Support cc eceeeeeeeeeees 9 14 How many network users can the SUA NAT support 0 10 15 What are Devi
49. P lt gt IGA1 14 How many network users can the SUA NAT support The Prestige does not limit the number of the users but the number of the NAT sessions The P 660HW Tx v2 supports 1024 sessions that you can use the ip nat session command in CLI to see You can also use ip nat hashTable wanif0 to view the current active NAT sessions 15 What are Device filters and Protocol filters In ZyNOS the filters have been separated into two groups One group is called device filter group and the other is called protocol filter group Generic filters belong to the device filter group TCP IP and IPX filters belong to the protocol filter group You can configure the filter rule in CLI Note In ZyNOS you can not mix different filter groups in the same filter set 10 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 16 How can protect against IP spoofing attacks The P 660HW Tx v2 s filter sets provide a means to protect against IP spoofing attacks The basic scheme is as follows For the input data filter e Deny packets from the outside that claim to be from the inside e Allow everything that is not spoofing us Filter rule setup e Filter type TCP IP Filter Rule e Active Yes e Source IP Addr a b c d e Source IP Mask w x y z e Action Matched Drop e Action Not Matched Forward Where a b c d is an IP address on your local network and w x
50. Ps are providing three kinds of services VoIP Video and Internet over one existing ADSL connection e The different services such as video VoIP and Internet access require different Qulity of Service e The high priority is Voice VoIP data e The Medium priority is Video IPTV data e The low priority is internet access such as ftp etc pe Other Service Triple Play is a port based policy to forward packets from different LAN port to different PVCs thus you can configure each PVC separately to assign different QoS to different application 20 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Firewall FAQ General 1 What is a network firewall A firewall is a system or group of systems that enforces an access control policy between two networks It may also be defined as a mechanism used to protect a trusted network from an untrusted network The firewall can be thought of two mechanisms One to block the traffic and the other to permit traffic 2 What makes P 660HW TxX v2 secure The P 660HW Tx v2 is pre configured to automatically detect and thwart Denial of Service DoS attacks such as Ping of Death SYN Flood LAND attack IP Spoofing etc It also uses stateful packet inspection to determine if an inbound connection is allowed through the firewall to the private LAN The P 660HW Tx v2 supports Network Address Translation NAT which translates th
51. RE RES Ee HHH KERR EREREERHEERER HERKMERKREREREKEEEME HERERKERKRE KER EKEEEME HHH KERR REHERE PEE kE buttet ttt t ttt ttt 5 HRERE RR EREREEREREE HEREMEREMERRHEREEX HEREMRKKREXREXEREX Sep ee INHER MHAAREE Bee eee eee MEM MAMA MR RR E E E E E DE E E SIMs sadn eee eee HEHE De Do e ME ae HU De De E EMM RM DEDE AHERN MRE aeae de me DE EX KREKARHEREX Sieacccecece woeeeecgecataeacnnecns apheacias MEME MRR EE EMER EE EEE ERRHEHRRERE ERED HHL MIM ME toeeeceeeccneeeeeeene ence aces Faas saccenteas eEREM EKER EKME KERR EREEREEEREX REE HKREKREKHREEREXE ee ee EEE EEE TEE pErttE tE sactes l PERPER EEEE RERKMRERERERERER EKER EERE nmr PELE Eee erate HEREME EMME RMHEEEEEREEEEEE HHH RHA MARR REAR SE eee ee eee ere perti HEREMEKEREKMEEKEREXREXERREE RRKMRENREXKME KER EREXE EEE ee eee ee ee er ee HHEREH KR KRE ERE HERE RRR EKER EKEH EERE ERR REE RRR KEE EKER EERE Siieceeecaceeaeweeeeecneecataeacnn ees sadceeteeatene HERR RRR ER ES EUR ERR RE R g R R RE E BERR NENA BEER KHRENR ER KREEMEKEMEXEKERE KM E KERR REXR ER KREERM ER KERR REXER KX EEKEE SEs TEETE FEEFEE TEET eee ee i HEREMEKERMERREEEREXREXE EKER ERE ERE REE KM KER ERR EERE EREX PREECE REECE EERE ee satbeatenetere HEEE MERES EERE ERE E RRR RERRREE KREBS BREE ER BERR EHR ERE EE ficacacatocew woceweccwencwencssecns satbeatwnetwrccnns SMRMRMMREMMREE MM EMER MEEKER RE RRR RNEE A MERE MEE EEEREEEEERE ee ee ee rer a ee eee KRREMERKRE RR EREREXREKNE EKREEREEKEREXEEREER EX EKER EKREEREX x PAN
52. Therefore the VC based multiplexing is more efficient 7 How do I know the details of my ADSL line statistics e You can use the following Cl commands to check the ADSL line Statistics Cl gt wan adsl perfdata Cl gt wan adsl status Cl gt wan adsl linedata far Cl gt wan adsl linedata near e You can also do it in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Maintenance gt Diagnostic gt DSL Line gt DSL Status DSL Line DSL Line SAR Driver Counters Display inPkts OxOO000000 inbiscards outPEts OxOO000000 oautDiscards inF4PEts OxOO0000000 outF4Pkrts inFSPEts OxOO000000 oautFSPrts OxOO0000001 closechan O rxEate bps OxO0000000 Ox0o0000000 OxO00000000 Ox0o0000000 OxO00000000 o DSL Line Status noise margin upstream O db output power downstream O db attenuation upstream O db 0 31 00 00 00 O00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 O00 OO 32 63 00 00 00 00 O00 O00 00 00 00 00 00 00 O00 64 95 OO OO 00 O00 OO OOF 00 00 O00 O00 00 00 00 OO OO SS Se SS ATM Status ATM Loopback Test lt DSL Line Status gt Reset ADSL Line a oa z Capture All Logs gt 8 What are the signaling pins of the ADSL connector The signaling pins on the P 660HW Tx v2 s ADSL connector are pin 3 and pin 4 The middle two pins for a RJ11 cable 9 What is triple play 19 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes More and more Telco IS
53. Tx v2 Series Support Notes locations on the Internet To use the service you must first apply an account from several free Web servers such as http www dyndns org Without DDNS we always tell the users to use the WAN IP of the P 660HW Tx v2 to reach our internal server It is inconvenient for the users if this IP is dynamic With DDNS supported by the P 660HW Tx v2 you apply a DNS name e g www zyxel com tw for your server e g Web server from a DDNS server The outside users can always access the web server using the www zyxel com tw regardless of the WAN IP of the P 660HW Tx v2 When the ISP assigns the P 660HW Tx v2 a new IP the P 660HW Tx v2 updates this IP to DDNS server so that the server can update its IP to DNS entry Once the IP to DNS table in the DDNS server is updated the DNS name for your web server i e www zyxel com tw is still usable 10 When do I need DDNS service When you want your internal server to be accessed by using DNS name rather than using the dynamic IP address we can use the DDNS service The DDNS server allows to alias a dynamic IP address to a static hostname Whenever the ISP assigns you a new IP the P 660HW Tx v2 sends this IP to the DDNS server for its updates 11 What is DDNS wildcard Does the P 660HW Tx v2 support DDNS wildcard some DDNS servers support the wildcard feature which allows the hostname yourhost dyndns org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost dyndns org
54. UA P 660HW Tx v2 will not be able to provide information of that server on the internet Quake II has the same limitations as that of Quake I P 660HW Tx v2 supports MSN Messenger 4 6 4 7 5 0 7 video voice pass through NAT In addition for the Windows OS supported UPnP Universal Plug and Play such as Windows XP and Windows ME UPnP supported in P 660HW Tx v2 is an alternative solution to pass through MSN Messenger video voice traffic For more detail please refer to UPnP application note P 660HW Tx v2 support Microsoft Xbox Live with factory default configuration Configurations 44 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes For example if the workstation operating Cu SeeMe has an IP of 192 168 1 34 then the default SUA server must be set to 192 168 1 34 The peer Cu SeeMe user can reach this workstation by using P 660HW Tx v2 s WAN IP address which can be obtained from Web Configurator Status gt WAN Information Port Forwarding Default Server Setup Default Server 192 168 1 34 gt Port Forwarding Service Name WWW Server IP Address 0 0 0 0 Active Service Name Start Port End Port Server IP Address Modify Cancel Configure an Internal Server behind SUA Prestige ip Remote client Web Server Introduction If you wish you can make internal servers e g Web ftp or mail server accessible for outside users
55. a ata oP ofa ate aha ate oe SESS DS fa pe EEEE HHHEEH MEE EEH EE HES s etree tre eter tititi titt SESS ES ON A ttrt SSSA SAS SE SAS SOA AS SS OA ORS Se eee te eee rel EEEE EEEE SED HEED SED SEED SEED SOR LSSE TEES ISE Led Ps E Sere AE En E AA S RRA EE EEEE EEE RE HEE RE EEE RE ERE RE RE ET EEE Erer P EEEE EEEE PREECE TER EEE eee Eee erate sic TEEL X RE RU eg ee HH MH NHNHAHE HEH EEEE EEEE SERSEEISS LESSEE SMES IANH SURIIISCISREII SCLIN SMES CEES TS HH MMEMEMMMERNEEX HEKREHEKR ERE RE ERE XEN EKREREREEREXEX ee ee Spectr peer ete teeter te TE HERR HRERE SREREXE KR ERE EERE ER EX EKER ERE REERE REX sre URS EEMSL IES Se aee sources x HEHE HEH MEEHAN EH HHH HHH RH EMEMEHEENENE HMM HH ERA RHHE ERMA eet er etre ret ret terete et ters fa ni x pad ma AARAA SAAARAAAAnAnnnnAnn x ttetitrtetetittetitetetettetettetetittetet ee X x x x x aie ak aie x x HERE RARER ERR RRR RRR e x x x one eee His one XN one Pere x BRE MAAR MMASS EER AAR AAEM RE eects f E EEE a EE E E ketti P HHH REHM HNHE HMNGH HME HIER MEME EEE s tH kpi PAEA h eee pE EE HE EEE ou ES SEES ES PES Pe age Sane See sere reper rere RHEMEMERMEREXHEREMEXEKE HEEREHEER ERE RE EREREXEKE MMMEMANMSSEA EEE HHH EMEEEEREEEEEEREEEHEHE HEM EME EEE ERE RE RR EEEUE HMM MMH EM RHE HEH RHE EM RHE REE EHH citings THERE SH MH RH MEM RH EME EH HER ER EM
56. an divide the local network into three networks and connect them to the Internet using P 660HW Tx v2 s single user account See the figure below 68 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes LANI 192 168 1 0 24 LAN2 192 168 2 0 24 ISP LANS 192 168 3 0 24 The Prestige s IP Alias connects three local networks to the Internet The P 660HW Tx v2 supports three virtual LAN interfaces via its single physical Ethernet interface The first network can be configured in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt LAN gt DHCP Setup The second and third networks that we call IP Alias 1 and IP Alias 2 can be configured in Network gt LAN gt IP Alias There are three internal virtual LAN interfaces for the P 660HW Tx v2 to route the packets from to the three networks correctly They are enif0O for the major network enif0 0 for the IP alias 1 and enif0 1 for the IP alias 2 Therefore three routes are created in the P 660HW Tx v2 as shown below when the three networks are configured If the P 660HW Tx v2 s DHCP is also enabled the IP pool for the clients can be any of the three networks co Telnet 192 168 1 1 Device Gateway Metric stat Timer Idle 2460 86 68 2 HAZhb B eneth 19 2 168 i 1 H4ib 8 eneth 19 2 168 2 i H4ib 6 eneth 192 168 3 1 H4ib B Fas ip i enif mtu 1568 inet 192 168 1 1 netmask OxfFfFFFFFAB broadcast 192 168 1 255 RIP R Hone
57. ance pretis Area code Phone number Connect using COM COMI TCP IP Minsack Gna Se Use country region code and area code Redial on busy Disconnected ANSIW TCPSIP SCROLL CAPS NUM Capture Printecho Lost 192 168 1 1 p eee 23 O O cen TOPVIP ingack J Cancel Step 3 So that after you invoke the relevant commands you could save the logs you ve captured 114 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation Send File Receive File Capture Text Send Text File SPELLS to Printer 610 616 616 616 616 616 616 676 6 6 96 t J R 6666 J R 8092 J R 0092 MPOAOO RI0092 HPOABB RIBB9 HPOAGB RIOO9 MPOABB RIBB9 HPOAGO RLA G MPOAGB RI O66 HPOAGO RLA G MPOAGBB RI O68 MPOABB T 1468 ENET1 T 60092 UDP 192 168 1 33 HPOAOG RLO E HPOAGO RLA G HPOAGO RLA G HPOAGO RLA G HPOAGO RLA G MPOAGBB RI O68 HPOABE RL BGG HPOAGO RLA G MPOAGB RI O86 HPOABB RIBB9 P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes ARP Request 172 Ethernet Packet Ethernet Packet 29 21 211 gt 1 2 25 21 131 UDP 1172 25 21 51 13 gt 1 2 29 21 2959 137 Ethernet Packet Ethernet Packet UDP 1172 25 21 51 137 gt 172 25 21 259 137 Ethernet Packet Ethernet Packet ARP Request 172 Ethernet Packet Ethernet Packet Ethernet Packet Ethernet Packet ARP Request 172 Ethernet Packet Et
58. at the ISP gives to you in the network TCP IP settings For Windows we check the option Obtain an IP address automatically in its TCP IP setup please see the example shown below 37 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL CCCC_C P66OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes T CP IP Properties ep oepok PA gel Setup your P 660HW Tx v2 under bridge mode The following procedure shows you how to configure your P 660HW Tx v2 as bridge mode We will use Web Configurator to guide you through the related menu 1 Configure P 660HW Tx v2 as bridge mode and configure Internet setup parameters in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt WAN gt 38 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Internet Connection Internet Access Setup General fetal ncapsulatron Multiple sire Or ie lt p f IP Address Corn Cne C advanced setup _ Key Settings Option Description Select the correct Encapsulation type that your ISP supports For Encapsulation example RFC 1483 Select the correct Multiplexing type that your ISP supports For example Multiplexing P g typ y PP P LLC VPI amp VCI Specify a VPI Virtual Path Identifier and a VCI Virtual Channel number Identifier given to you by your ISP 2 Turn off DHCP Server and configure a LAN IP for the P 660HW Tx v2 in Web Configurator Advanced Se
59. ate adaption Yes it means that the AP on P 660HW Tx v2 will automatically decelerate when devices move beyond the optimal range or other interference is present If the device moves back within the range of a higher speed transmission the connection will automatically soeed up again Rate shifting is a physical layer mechanism transparent to the user and the upper layers of the protocol stack Advanced FAQ 1 What is Ad Hoc mode A wireless network consists of a number of stations without using an access point or any connection to a wired network 2 What is Infrastructure mode Infrastructure mode implies connectivity to a wired communications infrastructure If such connectivity is required the Access Points must be used to connect to the wired LAN backbone Wireless clients have their configurations set for infrastructure mode in order to utilise access points relaying 3 How many Access Points are required in a given area This depends on the surrounding terrain the diameter of the client population and the number of clients If an area is large with dispersed pockets of populations then extension points can be used for extend coverage 4 What is Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Technology DSSS DSSS spreads its signal continuously over a wide frequency band DSSS maps the information bearing bit pattern at the sending station into a higher data rate bit sequence using a chipping code The chipping code also known as
60. ce filters and Protocol filters ccccecesseeeseeeeeeeees 10 16 How can protect against IP spoofing attacks ccceceeeseeeeeeees 11 Produ uct FAO runnen E Geeaisvaa eee e iene 12 1 How can manage P 660HW TX V2 saansnnnnnnnnennnennnnnnsnrnennnnrrsrensnnnne 12 2 What is the default password for Web Configurator ccccceccee 12 3 What s the difference between Common User Account and AdMIMS ALON ACCOMM 8 Seatac ace ach tens ceca ce cater cice a tcenscte ts alataiee cancun ic ase ela 12 4 How do know the P 660HW Tx v2 s WAN IP address assigned by the SFO eres cersrbespetneg Sewecauecess cous dace aauiaa ue cast aeuaaaseneanaannceniansaneGant acer mnneeaeates 12 5 What is the micro filter or splitter used fOr ce ccceeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeenees 13 6 The P 660HW Tx v2 supports Bridge and Router mode what s the difference DEtWEEN the ccccccceccceecceeeceeeceeceeeseeeseueeaeeseeeseeesseeeas 13 Fs ROW OO KAOW Vani USING PPPOE breroan 13 8 Why does my provider use PPPOE cccccseeeeeeeeeeeneeeeseeeeeeaeeeeees 13 OVAL IS DING aaar nina ineraa TA 13 10 When do need DDNS service ccc cceccceccceeceeeeeceeeeeeeeseeseeesaeeas 14 11 What is DDNS wildcard Does the P 660HW Tx v2 support DDNS NN A cs cc nace seston ayes occas a casceam eaeoeeae ss 14 12 Can the P 660HW Tx v2 s SUA handle IPSec packets sent by the IP DCC GaleWay 7 saves iiveleninhendheantevnndende
61. ckel ACC icgirsctcpcte a a 110 ONNE MACS ie assess tases ten saan EE AN N 110 OMNE TRACE vin alwrasvwedinatnusnvaisnegend muieiaemaes 112 Capture the detailed logs by Hyper Terminal 113 2 Firmware Configurations Uploading and Downloading using TFTP 115 Using TFTP client Softwar e ccccccesceseseeseeeeeeeeenees 115 Using TFTP command on Windows NT1 000008e 117 Using TFTP command on UNIX ce ceeeeeneeeeeeeeeeees 117 4 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 3 Using FTP to Upload the Firmware and Configuration Files 118 Cl Command Reference sieeiseecesssseergsseersciiserscie nanan adasanaes 121 5 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes FAQ ZyNOS FAQ 1 What is ZyNOS ZyNOS is ZyXEL s proprietary Network Operating System It is the platform on all Prestige routers that delivers network services and applications It is designed in a modular fashion so it is easy for developers to add new features New ZyNOS software upgrades can be easily downloaded from our FTP sites as they become available 2 What s Multilingual Embedded Web Configurator Multilinggual Embedded Web Configurator means that it can display with 3 kinds of languanges English French and German By factory default it displays with English and you can change it i
62. ddress Modify 2 If add successfully the Web Configurator will display message Configuration updated successfully at the bottom You can see the port forwarding rule on the same page the default port for Web Server is 80 46 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL PB 6OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Port Forwarding Default Server Setup Default Server 192 168 1 34 Port Forwarding Service Name WWW 8 server IP Address 0 0 0 0 Active Service Name Start Port Server IP Address Modify a 8 gt iD Pe apply cancel Oo 3 If you want to change the port for Web Server you could press button Modify on corresponding rule then modify and apply it Default port numbers for some services Service Port Number FTP 21 Telnet 23 SMTP 25 DNS Domain Name Server 53 www http Web 80 Configure a PPTP server behind SUA Introduction PPTP is a tunneling protocol defined by the PPTP forum that allows PPP packets to be encapsulated within Internet Protocol IP packets and forwarded over any IP network including the Internet itself In order to run the Windows 9x PPTP client you must be able to establish an IP connection with a tunnel server such as the Windows NT Server 4 0 Remote Access Server Windows Dial Up Networking uses the Internet standard Point to Point PPP to provide a secure optimized multiple protocol network connection over dial u
63. ddress Mapping Default Server Setup Default Server 0 0 0 0 Port Forwarding Service Mame WA Server IP Address 0 0 0 0 Active Service Name Start Port End Port Server IP Address Modify Ww ic 1 WE 192 138 1 g m 192 168 1 20 g ii 4 Support Non NAT Friendly Applications some servers providing Internet applications such as some mIRC servers do not allow users to login using the same IP address In this case it is better to use Many to Many No Overload or One to One NAT mapping types thus each user login to the server using a unique global IP address The following figure illustrates this 62 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL PB 6OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes User 1 ILAI 192 168 1 10 Prestige User 2 ILA2 1927 166 1 11 User 3 ILA3 192 1686 112 One rule configured for using Many to Many No Overload mapping type is shown below Edit Address Mapping Rule5 Type A Many to Many Mo Overload i Local Start IP 192 168 1 10 Local End IP 19 166142 _ uo Global Start IP abs h 2000012 m Global End IP Jo Server Mapping Set Edit Details We can also do this by configure threeOne to One mapping type rules 6 Using the Dynamic DNS DDNS e What is DDNS The DDNS service an IP Registry provides a public central database where information such as email addresses hostnames IPs etc can be stored and retrieved This solves t
64. dth management e Using BWM Setp 1 Go to Web Configurator Advanced Setup Advanced gt Bandwidth MGMT gt Summary activate bandwidth management on the interface you would like to manage We enable the BWM function on WAN interface in this example Enter the total speed for this interface that you want to allocate using bandwidth management This appears as the bandwidth budget of the interface s root class select how you want the bandwidth to be allocated Priority Based means bandwidth is allocated via priority so the traffic with highest priority would be served first then the second priority is served secondly and so on If 77 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation Fairness Based is chosen then the bandwidth is allocated by ratio Which means if A class needs 300 kbps B class needs 600 kbps then the ratio of A and B s actual bandwidth is 1 2 So if we get 450 kbps in total then A would get 150 kbps B would get 300 kbps We select Priority Based in this example Summary Summary Bi Manager manages the bandwidth of traffic flowing out of router on the specific interface BW Manager can be switched on off independently for each interface Reset Key Settings Check the box to enable BWM on the interface Note that if you would like to manage traffic from WAN to LAN you should apply BWM on LAN Activ em interface If you would like to management traffic from WAN to DMZ please a
65. dvanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding on P 660HW Tx v2 to forward to the appropriate private IP address of Windows NT server 48 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Prestige ae PPTP Client PPTP Server Example The following example shows how to dial to an ISP via the P 660HW Tx v2 and then establish a tunnel to a private network There will be three items that you need to set up for PPTP application these are PPTP server WinNT PPTP client Win9x and the P 660HW Tx v2 1 PPTP server setup WinNT e Add the VPN service from Control Panel gt Network e Add an user account for PPTP logged on user e Enable RAS port e Select the network protocols from RAS such as IPX TCP IP NetBEUI e Set the Internet gateway to P 660HW Tx v2 2 PPTP client setup Win9x e Add one VPN connection from Dial Up Networking by entering the correct username amp password and the IP address of the P 660HW Tx v2 s Internet IP address for logging to NT RAS server e Set the Internet gateway to the router that is connecting to ISP 3 P 660HW Tx v2 setup e Before making a VPN connection from Win9x to WinNT server you need to connect P 660HW Tx v2 router to your ISP first e Enter the IP address of the PPTP server WinNT server and the port number for PPTP as shown below Select service name as PPTP fill in the Server IP Address then press
66. e If the utility icon doesn t exist in your task bar click Start gt Programs gt to start the utility Step 2 Select the Configuration tab Select Set Security to configure encryption type and parameters correspond with access point 100 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes ZyAIR G 200 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Link Info Configuration Site Survey About Profile fruth kai Remove Configuration Serice Set dentifier ary Operating Mode Infrastructure Channel Airelles Security Configuration Set Securty f gt Undo Changes Apply Changes ZyAIR G 200 Wireless LAN USB Adapter ZyAIR G 200 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Security C X Authentication WEP Encryption 64 bit Authentication Type Open System ka Passphrase nn Kepi 1b9dda483d Keyz Keys Kee OF Cancel Help Note You should select Key 1 as default Transmit Key since the P 660HW Tx v2 is Supposed to use Key 1 by default Key settings The WEP Encryption type of station has to equal to the access point Check ASCII field for characters WEP key or uncheck ASCII field for Hexadecimal digits WEP key 101 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Hexadecimal digits don t need to preceded by Ox For example 64 bits with characters WEP k
67. e a filter rule on demand the newest command is available on release note sys filter set save Usage Dont forget to save the rule everytime you ve configured it Reference Commands Set the index of filter set rule you must apply this sys filter set index set rule command first before you begin to configure the filter rules sys filter set name set name Set the name of filter set sys filter set type tcpip generic Set the type of filter rule 85 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Set the destination port and compare type compare sys filter set destport port compare type could be O none 1 equal 2 not type none equal notequal less greater np aaa d 9 l sgaijialessjjAlgreatei sys filter set srcip address subnet mask Set the source IP address and subnet mask sys filter set srcport port compare Set the source port and compare type compare type none equal not type could be O none 1 equal 2 not equal less greater equal 3 less 4 greater sys filter set tcoEstab yes no Set TCP establish option sys filter set more yes no Set the more option to yes no sys filter set log type 0 3 none match Set the log type it could be 0 3 none match not notmatch both match both sys filter set actmatch type 0 2 l Set the action for match checknext forward drop sys filter set actnomatch type 0 2 Set th
68. e action for not match checknext forward drop sys filter set offset Set offset for the generic rule sys filter set length Set the length for generic rule sys filter set mask Set the mask for generic rule sys filter set value depend on length in hex Set the value for generic rule sys filter set clear Clear the current filter set sys filter set save Save the filter set parameters l l Display Filter set information W o parameter it will sys filter set display set rule dena buier intonation sys filter set freememory Discard Changes 86 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation Wireless Application Notes 1 Configure a Wireless Client to Ad hoc mode Ad hoc Introduction What is Ad Hoc mode Ad hoc mode is a wireless network consists of a number of stations without access points Without using an access point or any connection to a wired network a client unit in Ad hoc operation mode can communicate directly to other client units just as using a cross over Ethernet cable connecting 2 host together via a NIC card for direct connection when configured in Ad hoc mode without an access point being present Ad hoc operation is ideal for small networks of no more than 2 4 computers Larger networks would require the use of one or perhaps several access points Wireless NIC Wireless NIC a E Titre A RF signal Coe Wireless Station A Wireless Station B Configuration for Wir
69. e private local addresses to one or multiple public addresses This adds a level of security since the clients on the private LAN are invisible to the Internet 3 What are the basic types of firewalls Conceptually there are three types of firewalls 1 Packet Filtering Firewall 2 Application level Firewall 3 Stateful Inspection Firewall Packet Filtering Firewalls generally make their decisions based on the header information in individual packets These headers information include the source destination addresses and ports of the packets Application level Firewalls generally are hosts running proxy servers which permit no traffic directly between networks and which perform logging and auditing of traffic passing through them A proxy server is an application gateway or circuit level gateway that runs on top of general operating system such as UNIX or Windows NT It hides valuable data by requiring users to communicate with secure systems by mean of a proxy A key drawback of this device is performance 21 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes stateful Inspection Firewalls restrict access by screening data packets against defined access rules They make access control decisions based on IP address and protocol They also inspect the session data to assure the integrity of the connection and to adapt to dynamic protocols The flexible nature of Stateful Inspecti
70. econd and shorter than five seconds and release it If the POWER LED begins to blink the P 660HW Tx v2 s wireless auto security function OTIST has been enabled Press the RESET button for six seconds and release it If the POWER LED begins to blink the default configuration has been restored and the P 660HW Tx v2 restarts All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 9 What is SUA When should I use SUA SUA Single User Account is a unique feature supported by Prestige router which allows multiple people to access Internet concurrently for the cost of a single user account When Prestige acting as SUA receives a packet from a local client destined for the outside Internet it replaces the source address in the IP packet header with its own address and the source port in the TCP or UDP header with another value chosen out of a local pool It then recomputes the appropriate header checksums and forwards the packet to the Internet as if it is originated from Prestige using the IP address assigned by ISP When reply packets from the external Internet are received by Prestige the original IP source address and TCP UDP source port numbers are written into the destination fields of the packet since it is now moving in the opposite direction the checksums are recomputed and the packet is delivered to its true destination This is because SUA keeps a table of the IP addresses and
71. eless Station A To configure Ad hoc mode on your ZyAIR B 100 B 200 B 300 wireless NIC card please follow the following step Step 1 Double click on the utility icon in your windows task bar the utility will pop up on your windows screen Step 2 Select configuration tab 87 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes IEEESO 11b WLAN PCI Card Utility Link Info Configuration Site Survey Encryption Advanced About Frofile an a Perov eate Anivet Configuration Semice Set Identifier p200 SSID Transfer Aate Auto Rate Power Saving Mode Restore Defaults ceee ranaesf Cancel Help Step 3 Select Ad hoc from the operation mode pull down menu fill you an SSID and select a channel you want to use than press OK to apply Step 4 Since there is no DHCP server to give the host IP you must first designate a static IP for your station From Windows Start select Control Panel gt Network Connection gt Wireless Network Connection Wireless Network Connection Properties AEI General I Authentication Advanced Connect using EJ IEEES02 11bWWLAN PCI Card v5 0 Configure This connection uses the following tems El Client for Microsoft Networks amp File and Printer Sharing tor Microsoft Networks ml os Packet Scheduler ma lntermet Protocol TCPYIP Install Description Transmissio
72. elnet over WAN There are four reasons that WWW Telnet from WAN is blocked 1 When the firewall is turned on all connections from WAN to LAN are blocked by the default ACL rule To enable Telnet from WAN you must turn the firewall off or create a firewall rule to allow WWW Telnet connection from WAN The WAN to LAN ACL summary will look like as shown below WWW For accessing Web Configurator Source IP Remote trusted host Destination IP router WAN IP Service TCP 80 Action Forward TELNET For accessing Command Line Interface Source IP Telnet Client host Destination IP router WAN IP Service TCP 23 Action Forward 25 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL PB6OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 2 You have disabled WWW Telnet service in Web Configurator Advanced setup Advanced gt Remote MGNT Telnet ay Secured Client IP all O Selected 0 0 0 0 Arg Mote You may also need to create a Firewallrule 3 WWW Telnet service is enabled but your host IP is not the secured host entered in Web Configurator Advanced setup Advanced gt Remote MGNT Telnet Telnet Access Status LAK AWAN gt N SECOred lent IP All Selected 0 0 0 0 Arg Mote Tou may also need to create a Firewallrule 4 A filter set which blocks WWW Telnet from WAN is applied to WAN node You can check by command wan node index index wan node display 4 Why can t
73. ength 6 Captured 6 gt HHH HA HH AA HA HH HA e Disable the capture of the WAN packet by entering sys trcp channel mpoa00 none e Enable the capture of the LAN packet by entering sys trcp channel enet0 bothway e Enable the trace log by entering sys trcp sw on amp sys trcl sw on e Wait for packet passing through the Prestige over LAN e Disable the trace log by entering sys trep sw off amp sys trcl sw off e Display the trace briefly by entering sys trep brief e Display specific packets by using sys trcp parse lt from_index gt lt to_index gt 112 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes e Capture the detailed logs by Hyper Terminal Step 1 Initiate a hyper terminal connection from your PC Suppose you connected to the LAN port of P 660HW Tx v2 lz New Connection Hyper Terminal File Edit View Call Transfer Help D amp HD fal Disconnected Auto detect Auto detect Step 2 Click the properties to configure parameters to telnet to the P 660HW Ix v2 113 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes ae HyperTerminal Ca 52 Lf FF a Lite at ete Hele File Egit yIEiA Call Pansref Helo 1 Properties F x i gt Connect To E ettings DB County region China 86 Enter the area code without the long dist
74. er gt B TCP Establish Wo Action Matched lt i1 Check Next i2 Forwardi3 Drop gt 3 Action Wot Matched 1 Check Mext t2 Forwardi3 Drops 1 ras This could satisfy mostly requirement You could select any of them to apply to the WAN node or LAN Interface on demand The command is as follows e Apply to WAN node wan node index lt node gt Usage node 1 8 corresponding to the remote node 1 8 wan node filter lt incoming outgoing gt lt tcpip generic gt lt setl gt lt set2 gt lt set3 gt lt set4 gt Usage You can apply at most four filter sets to one remote node wan node save 84 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes e Apply to LAN Interface lan index index Usage index 1 main LAN 2 IP Alias 1 3 IP Alias 2 lan filter lt incoming outgoing gt lt tcpip generic gt lt set1 gt lt set2 gt lt set3 gt lt set4 gt Usage You can apply at most four filter sets to LAN Interface lan save 3 If you are very advanced user you could edit filter set by the following command sys filter set set rule Usage Set up a filter set index to edit a set set 1 12 rule 1 6 sys filter set type typelD Usage typelD tcpip or generic Note In one filter set you should configure all the rules in one type either tcpip or generic sys filter set enable Usage Enable active the rule sys filter set You could configur
75. ernet Remote LAN Router Use IPPR to distribute traffic among multiple paths e Benefits Source Based Routing Network administrators can use policy based routing to direct traffic from different users through different connections Quality of Service QoS Organizations can differentiate traffic by setting the precedence or TOS Type of Service values in the IP header at the periphery of the network to enable the backbone to prioritize traffic Cost Savings IPPR allows organizations to distribute interactive traffic on high bandwidth high cost path while using low path for batch traffic Load Sharing Network administrators can use IPPR to distribute traffic among multiple paths e How does the IPPR work A policy defines the matching criteria and the action to take when a packet meets the criteria The action is taken only when all the criteria are met The criteria include the source address and port IP protocol ICMP UDP TCP etc destination address and port TOS and precedence fields in the IP header and length The inclusion of length criterion is to differentiate between interactive and bulk traffic Interactive applications e g Telnet tend to have short packets while bulk traffic e g file transfer tends to have large packets 71 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes The actions that can be taken include routing the packet to a differen
76. ey Key1 2e3f4 64 bits with hexadecimal digits WEP key Key1 123456789A 5 Site Survey Introduction What is Site Survey An RF site survey is a MAP to RF contour of RF coverage in a particular facility With wireless system it is very difficult to predict the propagation of radio waves and detect the presence of interfering signals Walls doors elevator shafts and other obstacles offer different degree of attenuation This will cause the RF coverage pattern be irregular and hard to predict Site survey can help us overcome these problem and even provide us a map of RF coverage of the facility Preparation Below are the steps to complete a simple site survey with simple tools 1 First you will need to obtain a facility diagram such as blueprints This is for you to mark and take record on 2 Visually inspect the facility walk through the facility to verify the accuracy of the diagram and mark down any large obstacle you see that may effect the RF signal such as metal shelf metal desk etc on the diagram 3 Identify user s area when doing so ask a question where is wireless coverage needed and where does not and note and take note on the diagram this is information is needed to determine the number of AP required 4 Determine the preliminary access point location on the facility diagram base on the service area needed obstacles power wall jack considerations Survey on Site Step 1 With the diagram with all inf
77. f the LAN packet by entering sys trep channel enet0 none e Enable to capture the WAN packet by entering sys trep channel mpoa00 bothway e Enable the trace log by entering sys trep sw on amp sys trcl sw on e Display the brief trace online by entering sys tred brief e Display the detailed trace online by entering sys tred parse Example All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation trecp trep trep tred Su on parse oi A A es NE WE NE Ne wI A A ee Frame MPOABH RECU Frame Type Ethernet Packet Ethernet Header Destination MAC Addr Source MAC Addr Network Type IP Header IP Version Header Length Type of Service Total Length Idetification Flags Fragment Offset Time to Live Protocol Header Checksum Source IP Destination IP TGP Header Source Port Destination Port Sequence Humber Ack Number Header Length Flags Window Size Checksum Urgent Ptr 6 ee ae RAW DAT channel enet none channel mpoa hothway Size P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes x al Time 2 20 24 510 HH1 3497 HHHHH1 HHBASHEF2ZEVS Bx CTCP IP gt 4 2H Hx lt A gt Mx28 40b x FAF 161435 Hx2 4x8 xi 4113 gt Ax lt TCP gt Bx PCD 48989 gt MxDEACHAFS 222 2 172 138 243 gt MxACLI91S3A 6172 25 21 58 gt MxAF28 CARRE Mx2966 1059789 Bx326B4309 84589091355 BxADS25B3A 629118081482 gt 2H ee Hx2BE6 11238 gt BxAZ3B 1415319 Hx lt H CL
78. fra Hone Infra Hone Infra WPA PSE Infra Hone Infra Hone Infra Hone Infra Hone Infra h l lebr Graszspb6 ZEEL Wireless ArcoryirelessLah Wireless ora Be ks lii gt Search a 2 5 d 2 5 E E E E Cc cancel Hee _ 108 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Step 5 Click Link Info tab if the PC associated and authenticated with AP successfully we will see the following information YAIR G 200 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Link Info Configuration Site Survey About Curent SSID Test Status Connected Settings Channel s Security MWWPA PSK Transfer Aate 24 Current IP 1 J2 160 1 35 Operating Mode Infrastructure TAT otal frame Transmitted Recenved abe 2446 Signal Strength Excellent 100 TTT TTT TT TTT TL Link Quality Excellent 100 2 TTT OF Cancel Help 109 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Support Tool 1 LAN WAN Packet Trace The Prestige packet trace records and analyzes packets running on LAN and WAN interfaces It is designed for users with technical backgrounds who are interested in the details of the packet flow on LAN or WAN end of Prestige It is also very helpful for diagnostics if you have compatibility problems with your ISP or if you want to know the details of a packet for configurin
79. g a filter rule The format of the display is as following Packet H 42 10 62 396 ENET RLAHS4 TCP 192 168 1 33 21829 71972 168 1 12235 index timer second channel receive transmit length protocol sourcelP port destIP port There are two ways to dump the trace Online Trace display the trace real time on screen Offline Trace capture the trace first and display later The details for capturing the trace in CLI as follows First of all you need to telnet to the P 660HW Tx v2 firstly The password is Administrator passwords admin by default e Online Trace 1 Trace LAN packet e Disable to capture the WAN packet by entering sys trep channel mpoa00 none e Enable to capture the LAN packet by entering sys trcp channel enet0 bothway e Enable the trace log by entering sys trcp sw on amp sys trcl sw on e Display the brief trace online by entering sys tred brief e Display the detailed trace online by entering sys tred parse Example 110 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes trcep channel mpoa none trep channel enet bothway NE 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B B3 DW e p pek ph pek pe pb pek pk pak E a G g non A whe amp Ne i a r e Ne a s E s E e y M2 18 282 3978 H2 216 62 3968 2 18 62 618 82 18 62 618 H2 216 62 838 62 16 62 8368 82 7 18 63 658 82 18 63 658 H2 10 03 276 H2 10 03 276 27
80. get the latest Cl Command list The latest Cl Command list is available in release note of every ZyXEL firmware release Please goto ZyXEL public WEB site http www zyxel com support download_ index php to download firmware package zip you should unzip the package to get the release note in PDF format 121 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation
81. greater security threats Although packet filter and NAT restrict access to particular computers and networks however for the other companies this security may be insufficient because packets filters typically cannot maintain session state Thus for greater security a firewall is considered 6 What is Denials of Service DoS attack Denial of Service DoS attacks are aimed at devices and networks with a connection to the Internet Their goal is not to steal information but to disable a device or network so users no longer have access to network resources 22 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes There are four types of DoS attacks 1 Those that exploits bugs in a TCP IP implementation such as Ping of Death and Teardrop 2 Those that exploits weaknesses in the TCP IP specification such as SYN Flood and LAND Attacks 3 Brute force attacks that flood a network with useless data such as Smurf attack 4 IP Spoofing 7 What is Ping of Death attack Ping of Death uses a PING utility to create an IP packet that exceeds the maximum 65535 bytes of data allowed by the IP specification The oversize packet is then sent to an unsuspecting system Systems may crash hang or reboot 8 What is Teardrop attack Teardrop attack exploits weakness in the reassemble of the IP packet fragments As data is transmitted through a network IP packets are often broken
82. he broadcast of SSID can someone still sniff the SSID Many APs by default have broadcasting the SSID turned on Sniffers typically will find the SSID in the broadcast beacon packets Turning off the broadcast of SSID in the beacon message a common practice does not prevent getting the SSID since the SSID is sent in the clear in the probe message when a client associates to an AP a sniffer just has to wait for a valid user to associate to the network to see the SSID 9 What are Insertion Attacks The insertion attacks are based on placing unauthorized devices on the wireless network without going through a security process and review 10 What is Wireless Sniffer An attacker can sniff and capture legitimate traffic Many of the sniffer tools for Ethernet are based on capturing the first part of the connection session where the data would typically include the username and password An intruder can masquerade as that user by using this captured information An intruder who monitors the wireless network can apply this same attack principle on the wireless 11 What is OTIST How do use it OTIST is acronym for ZyXEL s One Touch Intelligent Security Technology It enables P 660HW Tx v2 and ZyXEL s OTIST supported Wireless adapters to establish connections of the WPA PSK security mode automatically with just one touch at the reset button on rear panel To use this function on P 660HW Tx v2 you could press the reset button on P
83. he first LAN IP address for the P 660HW Tx v2 This will create the Setup first route in the enifO interface 2 Edit the second and third networks in Network gt LAN gt IP Alias by configuring the P 660HW Tx v2 s second and third LAN IP addresses Key Settings Active it and enter the second LAN IP address for the P 660HW Tx v2 This will create the second route in the enif0 0 interface Active it and enter the third LAN IP address for the P 66OHW Tx v2 This will create the third route in the enif0 1 interface IP Alias 1 IP Alias 2 10 Using IP Policy Routing e What is IP Policy Routing IPPR Traditionally routing is based on the destination address only and the router takes the shortest path to forward a packet IP Policy Routing IPPR provides a mechanism to override the default routing behavior and alter the packet forwarding based on the policy defined by the network administrator Policy based routing is applied to incoming packets on a per interface basis prior to the normal routing Network administrators can use IPPR to distribute 70 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL PB6OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes traffic among multiple paths For example if a network has both the Internet and remote node connections we can route the Web packets to the Internet using one policy and route the FTP packets to the remote LAN using another policy See the figure below Prestige Int
84. he problems if your DNS server uses an IP associated with dynamic IPs Without DDNS we always tell the users to use the WAN IP of the P 660HW Tx v2 to access the internal server It is inconvenient for the users if this IP is dynamic With DDNS supported by the P 660HW Tx v2 you apply a DNS name e g www zyxel com tw for your server e g Web server from a DDNS server The outside users can always access the web server using the www zyxel com tw regardless of the WAN IP of the P 660HW Tx v2 63 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes When the ISP assigns the P 660HW Tx v2 a new IP the P 660HW Tx v2 must inform the DDNS server the change of this IP so that the server can update its IP to DNS entry Once the IP to DNS table in the DDNS server is updated the DNS name for your web server i e www zyxel com tw is still usable The DDNS servers the P 660HW Tx v2 supports currently is WWW DYNDNS ORG where you apply the DNS from and update the WAN IP to e Setup the DDNS 1 Before configuring the DDNS settings in the P 660HW Tx v2 you must register an account from the DDNS server such as WWW DYNDNS ORG first After the registration you have a hostname for your internal server and a password using to update the IP to the DDNS server 2 Login Web Configurator Advanced Setup Advanced gt Dynamic DNS Select Active Dynamic DNS option Dynamic DNS Dynamic D
85. he source file of the ZyNOS firmware that is available in your hard disk The remote file is the file name that will be saved in Prestige Check the port number 69 and 512 Octet blocks for TF TP Check Binary mode for file transfering 2 Using TFTP to upload download SMT configurations via LAN Step 1 TELNET to your Prestige first before running the TFTP software Step 2 Type the command sys stdio 0 to disable console idle timeout in Command Line Interface CLI Step 3 Run the TFTP client software Step 4 To download the P 660HW Tx v2 configuration please get the remote file rom 0 from the Prestige Step 5 To upload the P 660HW Tx v2 configuration please save the remote file as rom 0 in the Prestige An example re TFTP32 File Options Help Host 192 168 1 1 Port 69 Timeout ho Send timeout to Server Block Size Send Fetch p12 Local File prestige rom Match Files Binary W Ea Remote File rom g Abort Press F1 tor Help 16 46 06 116 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes The 192 168 1 1 is the IP address of the Prestige The local file is the source file of your configuration file that is available in your hard disk The remote file is the file name that will be saved in Prestige Check the port number 69 and 512 Octet blocks for TFTP Check Binary mode for file transfering e Using TFTP
86. hernet Packet ARP Request 172 Ethernet Packet Ethernet Packet ARP Request 172 Ethernet Packet 29 21 163 gt 172 25 21 91 137 gt 192 168 1 259 137 20 21 204 gt 172 25 21 71 20 21 204 gt 17 2 29 21 71 29 21 181 gt 1 2 25 21 179 Creates a File of all incoming text 2 Firmware Configurations Uploading and Downloading using TFTP e Using TFTP client software e Upload download ZyNOS via LAN e Upload download Prestige configurations via LAN 1 Using TFTP to upload download ZyNOS via LAN Step 1 TELNET to your Prestige first before running the TFTP software Step 2 Type the Cl command sys stdio 0 to disable console idle timeout in Command Line Interface CLI Step 3 Run the TFTP client software Step 4 Enter the IP address of the Prestige Step 5 To upload the firmware please save the remote file as ras to Prestige After the transfer is complete the Prestige will program the upgraded firmware into FLASH ROM and reboot itself An example 115 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes re TFTP32 File Options Help Host 192 168 1 1 Port 69 Timeout ho Send timeout to Server Block Size Send Fetch 512 Local File prestige bin Match Files Binary W Ea Remote File ras Abort Press F1 tor Help 16 44 18 The 192 168 1 1 is the IP address of the Prestige The local file is t
87. hernet card and an access point i e a base station The secret key is used to encrypt packets before they are transmitted and an integrity check is used to ensure that packages are not modified during the transition The standard does not discuss how the shared key is established In practice most installations use a single key that is shared between all mobile stations and access points APs You can refer to the User Guide for more detailed information about it e Setting up the Access Point You can set up the Access Point from Web configurator Advanced Setup Network gt Wireless LAN gt General You can also configure it via CLI Step 1 Select Static WEP from the pull down menu Security Mode in Web Configurator 97 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes General Wireless Setup Active Wireless LAN Network Namel SSID ZYXEL C Hide SSID Channel Selection Channel 06 2437MHZ ecurity Mode No Security Advanced Setup Step 2 Set up WEP Key in the Web Configurator You need to set the one of the following parameters 64 bit WEP key secret key with 5 characters O o 64 bit WEP key secret key with 10 hexadecimal digits o 128 bit WEP key secret key with 13 characters o 128 bit WEP key secret key with 26 hexadecimal digits o 256 bit WEP key secret key with 29 characters o 256 bit WEP key secret key with
88. icrosoft Messenger Service 6901 client IP 6901 client IP 43 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 3 0 Microsoft Messenger Service None for Chat File None for Chat File 4 6 4 7 5 0 raner idee and Voce transfer Video and none UPnP i Voice Net2Phone None 6701 client IP Network Time Protocol NTP None 123 server IP Win2k Terminal Server None 3389 server IP Remote Anything None 3996 4000 client IP 5500 client IP Virtual Network Computing None 5800 client IP VNC 5900 client IP AIM AOL Instant Messenger None for Chat and IM None for Chat and IM e Donkey None 4661 4662 client IP poten vice None Default client IP Conferencing IVISTA 4 1 None 80 server IP Microsoft Xbox Live None N A Since SUA enables your LAN to appear as a single computer to the Internet it is not possible to configure similar servers on the same LAN behind SUA Because White Pine Cu SeeMe uses dedicate ports port 7648 amp port 24032 to transmit and receive data therefore only one local Cu SeeMe is allowed within the same LAN In SUA mode only one local NetMeeting user is allowed because the outsiders can not distinguish between local users using the same internet IP Certain Quake servers do not allow multiple users to login using the same unique IP so only one Quake user will be allowed in this case Moreover when a Quake server is configured behind S
89. ignificant upgrading before they can offer high bandwidth services 2 What is the expected throughput In our test we can get about 1 6Mbps data rate on 15Kft using the 26AWG loop The shorter the loop the better the throughput is 3 What is the microfilter used for Generally the voice band uses the lower frequency ranging from 0 to 4KHz while ADSL data transmission uses the higher frequency The micro filter acts as a low pass filter for your telephone set to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere with your voice transmissions For the details about how to connect the micro filter please refer to the user s manual 4 How do I know the ADSL line is up You can see the DSL LED Green on the P 660HW Tx v2 s front panel is on when the ADSL physical layer is up 5 How does the P 660HW Tx v2 work on a noisy ADSL Depending on the line quality the P 660HW Tx v2 uses Fall Back and Fall Forward to automatically adjust the date rate 18 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 6 Does the VC based multiplexing perform better than the LLC based multiplexing Though the LLC based multiplexing can carry multiple protocols over a single VC it requires extra header information to identify the protocol being carried on the virtual circuit VC The VC based multiplexing needs a separate VC for carrying each protocol but it does not need the extra headers
90. in each set for a total of 72 filter rules in the system You can apply up to four filter sets to a particular port to block multiple types of packets With each filter set having up to six rules you can have a maximum of 24 rules active for a single port 83 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes The packet filter function on P 660HW Tx v2 is the same as before just that you could only configure the filter set and apply them by command in CLI It s very complex for common users to do it So here s the recommendation 1 Usually if you want to block special packets you could edit a firewall rule in Web Configurator 2 By factory default ZyXEL has preconfigured many filter sets for your reference you can check them by command sys filter set index set rule Usage set 1 12 rule 1 6 Commonly the preconfigured filter sets are as follows lt set 2 rule 1 6 gt lt set 3 rule 1 gt lt set 4 rule 1 gt sys filter set display For example ce Telnet 192 168 1 1 Pas sus Filter set index 2 1 Pas sun Filter set display Set 2 Rule 1 Filter Type TCP IP IP Protocol 6 IP Source Route Wo Destination IP Address 4 6 0 8 IP Mask 6 6 6 6 Port 137 Port Compare lt Mone t1 Equali2 MotEqualis Less i4 Greater gt 1 Source IP Address 6 6 0 8 IP Mask 6 6 6 6 Port Port Compare amp Mone t1 Equali2 MotEqualis Less i4 Great
91. is possible because P 660HW Tx v2 delivers the packet to the local server by looking up to a SUA server table Therefore to make a local server accessible to the outside users the port number and the inside IP address of the server must be configured You can configure it in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding 12 When do I need select Full Feature NAT e Make multiple local servers on the LAN accessible from outside with multiple global IP addresses With SUA visible servers had to be mapped to different ports since the servers share only one global IP But when you select Full Feature you can make multiple local servers mapping the same port or not on the LAN accessible from outside with multiple global IP addresses e Support Non NAT Friendly Applications some servers providing Internet applications such as some MIRC servers do not allow users to login using the same IP address Thus users on the same network can not login to the same server simultaneously In this case it is better to use Many to Many No Overload or One to One NAT mapping types thus each user login to the server using a unique global IP address 13 What IP Port mapping does Multi NAT support Multi NAT supports five types of IP port mapping One to One Many to One Many to Many Overload Many to Many No Overload and Server The details of the mapping between ILA and IGA are described as below Here we define the local
92. lization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism If you do not have an external RADIUS server you should use WPA PSK WPA Pre Share Key that only requires a single identical password entered into each access point wireless gateway and wireless client As long as the passwords match a client will be granted access to a WLAN Here comes WPA PSK Application example for your reference PSK I lr Internet E i q a A L e Configuration for Access point The IEEE 802 1x standard outlines enhanced security methods for both the authentication of wireless stations and encryption key management Authentication can be done using local user database internal to the P 660HW Tx v2 authenticate up to 32 users or an external RADIUS server for an unlimited number of users Step 1 To change your P 660HW Tx v2 s authentication settings login Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt Wireless LAN gt General gt Security Step 2 Select Security Mode as WAP PSK Step 3 Type the Pre Shared Key in the Pre Shared Key field 106 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Step 4 Click Apply to finish General Wireless Setup V Active Wireless LAN Network NamelSSID Test C Hide SSID Channel Selection Channel 08 2447MHZ w Security Reduthentication Timer 1
93. long to only one community and allows trap messages to be sent to only one NMS manager some traps are sent to the SNMP manager when anyone of the following events happens 1 coldStart defined in RFC 1215 lf the machine coldstarts the trap will be sent after booting 2 warmStart defined in RFC 1215 lf the machine warmstarts the trap will be sent after booting 3 linkDown defined in RFC 1215 lf any link of IDSL or WAN is down the trap will be sent with the port number The port number is its interface index under the interface group 4 linkUp defined in RFC 1215 If any link of IDSL or WAN is up the trap will be sent with the port number The port number is its interface index under the interface group 5 authenticationFailure defined in RFC 1215 65 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes When receiving any SNMP get or set requirement with wrong community this trap is sent to the manager 6 whyReboot defined in ZYXEL MIB When the system is going to restart warmstart the trap will be sent with the reason of restart before rebooting 1 For intentional reboot In some cases download new files Cl command sys reboot reboot is done intentionally And traps with the message System reboot by user will be sent 2 For fatal error system has to reboot for some fatal errors And traps with the message of
94. n Control Protocol lnternet Protocol The default Wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconnected networks Show icon in notification area when connected 88 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes step 5 From general tab select TCP IP and click property Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General You can get IF settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise You need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IF settings Obtain an IP address automatically Ose the following IP address IP address 192 768 1 1 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Use the following DNS server addresses Preferred OMS server ae er ee Alternate DNS server a a Step 6 Fill in your network IP address and subnet mask and click OK to finish Configuration for Wireless Station B To configure Ad hoc mode on your ZyAIR B 100 B 200 B 300 wireless NIC card please follow the following step Step1 Double click on the utility icon in your windows task bar the utility will pop up on your windows screen Step 2 Select configuration tab 89 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes IEEESO 11b WLAN PCI Card Utility Link Info Configuration Site Survey Encryption Advanced About Protile a gt
95. n Web Configurator 3 How do access the P 660HW Tx v2 Command Line Interface CLI The Command Line Interface is for the Administrator use only and it could be accessed via telnet session Note It is protected by super password 1234 by factory default 4 How do update the firmware and configuration file You can do this if you access the P 660HW Tx v2 as Administrator You can upload the firmware and configuration file to Prestige from Web Condigurator or using FTP or TFTP client software You CAN NOT upload the firmware and configuration file via Telnet because the Telnet connection will be dropped during uploading the firmware Please do not power off the router right after the FTP or TFTP uploading is finished the router will upload the firmware to its flash at this moment Note There may be firmware that could not be upgraded from Web Configurator In this case ZyXEL will prepare special Upload Software for you Please read the firmware release note carefully when you want to upload a new fireware 5 How do I upgrade backup the ZyNOS firmware by using TFTP client program via LAN The P 660HW Tx v2 allows you to transfer the firmware to P 660HW Tx v2 using TFTP program via LAN The procedure for uploading ZyNOS via TFTP is as follows All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Use the TELNET client program in your PC to login to your P 660HW Tx v2
96. n Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding The following table explains the fields in this above screen Field Description Option Example set This is sequence number for Address Mapping Sets 255 for SUA Internal 0 0 0 0 for the This is the starting local IP address ILA Start IP Many to One type This is the starting local IP address ILA If the rule is for all local IPs then the Start IP is 0 0 0 0 andthe 255 255 255 255 End IP is 255 255 255 255 Global Start This is the starting global IP address IGA If you IP have a dynamic IP enter 0 0 0 0 as the Global Start Local End IP 0 0 0 0 52 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation IP Global End iP This is the ending global IP address IGA N A Many to One and Type This is the NAT mapping types y Server Here we ll guide you to configure Address Mapping Sets from Web Configurator and CLI Since in Web Configurator we can only edit the rules for Address Mapping Sets 1 The other Address Mapping Sets 2 8 can only be configured in CLI e Now let s begin with Web Configurator Firstly lets come to Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Address Mapping Address Mapping a Address Mapping Rules Local Start IP Local End IP Global StartIP Global End IP Type Q amp 1 Z 3 4 5 6 T Li 9 no id d ied Eb E Eb E Eb Eb E Eb E j l This menu is for Add
97. na is positioned for best reception 3 Keep WLAN products away from electrical devices eg microwaves monitors electric motors etc 4 Add additional APs if necessary 17 What s the difference between a WLAN and a WWAN WLANs are generally privately owned wireless systems that are deployed ina corporation warehouse hospital or educational campus setting Data rates are high and there are no per packet charges for data transmission WWANSs are generally publicly shared data networks designed to provide coverage in metropolitan areas and along traffic corridors WWANs are owned by a service provider or carrier Data rates are low and charges are based on usage Specialized applications are characteristically designed around short burst messaging 18 Can I manually swap the wireless module without damage any hardware Yes manually swap will not harm the hardware but the module will not be detected and work after inserting to the slot You need to reboot the P 660HW Tx v2 to initialize the module 19 Does P 660HW Tx v2 support WEP Yes P 660HW Tx v2 supports 64 bit 128 bit 256 WEP 20 What wireless standard does P 660HW Tx v2 support It supports IEEE 802 11b g g standard 21 Does P 660HW Tx v2 support MAC filtering Yes it Supports up to 32 MAC Address filtering 32 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 22 Does P 660HW Tx v2 support auto r
98. ng technology An 802 11b radio card will interface directly with an 802 119 access point and vice versa at 11 Mbps or lower depending on range The range at 54 Mbps is less than for 802 116 operating at 11 Mbps 11 Is it possible to use products from a variety of vendors Yes As long as the products comply to the same IEEE 802 11 standard The Wi Fi logo is used to define 802 116 compatible products Wi Fi5 is a compatibility standard for 802 11a products running in the 5GHz band 12 What is Wi Fi The Wi Fi logo signifies that a product is interoperable with wireless networking equipment from other vendors A Wi Fi logo product has been tested and certified by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA The Socket Wireless LAN Card is Wi Fi certified and that means that it will work interoperate with any brand of Access Point that is also Wi Fi certified 13 What types of devices use the 2 4GHz Band Various spread spectrum radio communication applications use the 2 4 GHz band This includes WLAN systems not necessarily of the type IEEE 802 11b cordless phones wireless medical telemetry equipment and Bluetooth short range wireless applications which include connecting printers to computers and connecting modems or hands free kits to mobile phones 14 Does the 802 11 interfere with Bluetooth device Any time devices are operated in the same frequency band there is the potential for interference Both the 802 1
99. nting pool must also contain the VPI VCI and which kinds of hunting patterns you wish to send Whenever system send out all the probing patterns with specific VPI VCI system will wait for 5 10 seconds and get the response from ISP the response patterns will decide which kinds of ADSL 80 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes services of the line will be After that system will save back the correct VPI VCI and also services encapsulation type into profile of WAN interface e Configure the VC auto hunting preconfigured table 1 Display auto haunting preconfigured table by using command from CLI wan atm vchunt disp cas wan atm vchunt disp 1 Configure Buffer Read Only RN VPI VCI RN VPI VCI etting 400H 3fH 2 Add items to the auto haunting preconfigured table by using commands wan atm vchunt add lt remoteNodelndex gt lt vpi gt lt vci gt lt service bit hex gt wan atm vchunt save Note lt remote node gt input the remote node index 1 8 lt vpi gt vpi value lt vVCi gt vci value lt service gt it s a hex value bit0 PPPoE VC 1 bit PPPoE LLC 2 bit2 PPPoA VC 4 bit38 PPPoA LLC 8 bit4 Enet VC 16 bit5 Enet LLC 32 For example 1 If you need service PPPoE LLC and Enet LLC then the service bits will be 2 32 34 decimal 22 hex you must input 22 2 If you want to enable all service for VC hunting
100. ny to One Rule See the following figure Client 1 ILAI Client 2 ILA2 Prestige Client 3 ILA3 N IGA Assigned by ISP Client 4 ILA4 2 Internet Access with an Internal Server Client 1 ILA Client 2 ILA2 Prestige Client 3 ILA3 N IGA Assigned by ISP FTP Server ILA4 In this case we do exactly as the figure use the convenient pre configured SUA Only set and also go to Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding to specify the Internet Server behind the NAT as 58 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL PB 6OHW Tx v2 Series Support Notes below Port Forwarding Default Server Setup Default Server 0 0 0 0 Port Forwarding 1 FTF 3 Using Multiple Global IP addresses for clients and servers One to One Many to One Server Set mapping types are used General Server 192 168 1 20 Other Clients 192 168 1 X Prestige FIF Server 1 192 168 1 10 3 IGAs Assigned by ISP FIP Server 2 192 168 1 11 Mapping Multiple IGAs for clients and servers In this case we have 3 IGAs from the ISP We have two very busy internal FTP servers and also an internal general server for the web and mail In this case we want to assign the 3 IGAs by the following way using 4 NAT rules e Rule 1 One to One type to map the FTP Server 1 with ILA1 192 168 1 10 to IGA1 200 0 0 1 e Rule 2 One to One type to map the FTP Server
101. nymous Binary i Double f Anto Detect Step 3 To upload the firmware file we transfer the local ras file to overwrite the remote ras file To upload the configuration file we transfer the local rom 0 to overwrite the remote rom 0 file Ei Private 192 158 1 1 Global CAFE CuteFTP 3 0 ETF Session Bookmark Commands Queue View Directory Macro Window Help ONS2NIAalI t o olean mxx ea COMMANMO gt LIST a 150 Opening data connection for UST STATUS gt Recetved 135 bytes Ok E STATUS gt Time 0 00 01 Efficiency 0 13 kBytes s 135 bytes s CPE A 5 fwrrouter SIZE i Size Date 907KB 01 07 02 10 56 g87KB 01707701 12 00 eye 16K6 017 05 29 10 24 aa rom 0 16K6 01707701 12 00 rww rw rw 119 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes step 4 The Prestige reboots automatically after the uploading is finished Please do not power off the router at this moment 120 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Cl Command Reference Command Syntax and General User Interface Cl has the following command syntax command lt iface device gt subcommand param command subcommand param command help command subcommand help General user interface 1 Shows the following commands and all major Ssub commands 2 exit Exit Subcommand To
102. oadcasting to quickly flood the target network with useless data A Smurf hacker flood a destination IP address of each packet is the broadcast address of the network the router will broadcast the ICMP echo request packet to all hosts on the network If there are numerous hosts this will create a large amount of ICMP echo request packet the resulting ICMP traffic will not only clog up the intermediary network but will also congest the network of the spoofed source IP address known as the victim network This flood of broadcast traffic consumes all available bandwidth making communications impossible 12 What is IP Spoofing attack Many DoS attacks also use IP Spoofing as part of their attack IP Spoofing may be used to break into systems to hide the hacker s identity or to magnify the effect of the DoS attack IP Spoofing is a technique used to gain unauthorized access to computers by tricking a router or firewall into thinking that the communications are coming from within the trusted network To engage in IP Spoofing a hacker must modify the packet headers so that it appears that the packets originate from a trusted host and should be allowed through the router or firewall 13 What are the default ACL firewall rules in P 660HW Tx v2 There are two default ACLs pre configured in the P 660HW Tx v2 one allows all connections from LAN to WAN and the other blocks all connections from WAN to LAN except of the DHCP packets
103. on firewalls generally provides the best speed and transparency however they may lack the granular application level access control or caching that some proxies support 4 What kind of firewall is the P 660HW Tx v2 1 The P 660HW Tx v2 s firewall inspects packets contents and IP headers It is applicable to all protocols that understands data in the packet is intended for other layers from network layer up to the application layer 2 The P 660HW Tx v2 s firewall performs stateful inspection It takes into account the state of connections it handles so that for example a legitimate incoming packet can be matched with the outbound request for that packet and allowed in Conversely an incoming packet masquerading as a response to a nonexistent outbound request can be blocked 3 The P 660HW Tx v2 s firewall uses session filtering i e smart rules that enhance the filtering process and control the network session rather than control individual packets in a session 4 The P 660HW Tx v2 s firewall is fast It uses a hashing function to search the matched session cache instead of going through every individual rule for a packet 5 The P 660HW Tx v2 s firewall provides email service to notify you for routine reports and when alerts occur 5 Why do you need a firewall when your router has packet filtering and NAT built in With the spectacular growth of the Internet and online access companies that do business on the Internet face
104. on for the rule no log ip polictrouting set save Save the rule Step 3 Apply the IP policy routing There are two interfaces to apply the policy set they are the LAN interface and WAN interface It depends where the gateway specified in the policy rule is located If the gateway you specified is located on the local LAN you apply the policy set in LAN interface If the gateway you specified is located on the remote WAN site you apply the policy set in WAN interface Apply to WAN Interface Suppose we apply it to remote node 1 in the example wan node index 1 wan node ippolicy 1 73 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 11 Using Call Scheduling e What is Call Scheduling Call scheduling enables the mechanism for the P 660HW Tx v2 to run the remote node connection according to the pre defined schedule This feature is just like the scheduler ina video recorder which records the program according to the specified time Users can apply at most 4 schedule sets in Remote Node The remote node configured with the schedule set could be Forced On Forced Down Enable Dial On Demand or Disable Dial On Demand on specified date and time e How to configure a Call Scheduling You can configure a call scheduling in CLI Suppose we want to edit a call schedule set like this Call Schedule Set 1 Set name Test Active Yes Start Date yyyy mm dd 2005 12 27
105. onfig all after DOS prompt to get the MAC physical address of your wireless client Step 1 Login Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt Wireless LAN gt MAC Filter active MAC Filter Step 2 Enter the MAC Addresses of wireless cards in the filter set to allow or deny association from these cards Key Settings Option Descriptions Allow or block association from MAC addresses contained in this list If Allow i i Association is selected in this field hosts with MAC addresses configured in this list Filter Action l l NEER ee will be allowed to associate with AP If Deny Association is selected in this field hosts with MAC addresses configured in this list will be blocked 96 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes MAC Address This field specifies those MAC Addresses that you want to add in the list 4 Setup WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy Introduction The 802 11 standard describes the communication that occurs in wireless LANS The Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP algorithm is used to protect wireless communication from eavesdropping because wireless transmissions are easier to intercept than transmissions over wired networks and wireless is a shared medium everything that is transmitted or received over a wireless network can be intercepted WEP relies on a secret key that is shared between a mobile station e g a laptop with a wireless Et
106. onnect to the ISP The ISP will generally give one Internet account and limit only one computer to access the Internet For most Internet users having multiple computers want to share an Internet account for Internet access they have to add another Internet sharing device like a router In this case we use the router mode which works as a general Router plus an ADSL Modem 7 How do I know I am using PPPoE PPPoE requires a user account to login to the provider s server If you need to configure a user name and password on your computer to connect to the ISP you are probably using PPPoE If you are simply connected to the Internet when you turn on your computer you probably are not You can also check your ISP or the information sheet given by the ISP Please choose PPPoE as the encapsulation type in the P 660HW Tx v2 if the ISP uses PPPoE 8 Why does my provider use PPPoE PPPoE emulates a familiar Dial Up connection It allows your ISP to provide services using their existing network configuration over the broadband connections Besides PPPoE supports a broad range of existing applications and service including authentication accounting Secure access and configuration management 9 What is DDNS The Dynamic DNS service allows you to alias a dynamic IP address to a static hostname allowing your computer to be more easily accessed from various 13 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW
107. ons Corporation Edit Address Mapping Rulez Se ee ee Type one to one 7M Local Start IP estes l oo Local End IP Global Start IP lt 200 0 0 3 pee Global End IP MA Server Mapping Set Rule 3 Setup Select Many to One type to map the other clients to IGA3 200 0 0 3 Edit Address Mapping Rule3 Type ianyto One se Local Start IP 0 0 0 0 Local End IF 255 255 255 255 Global Start IP lt 200 0 0 3 oe Global End IP ae Server Mapping Set MA Edit Details Rule 4 Setup Select Server type to map our web server and mail server with ILA3 192 168 1 20 to IGA Edit Address Mapping Ruled Type Jee Local Start IF i f We Global Start IP lt 200 0 0 3 a Server Mapping Set 2 Edit Details Cancel Menu Network gt NAT gt Address Mapping should look as follows now 61 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes General Port Forwarding Address Mapping Address Mapping Rules Local Start IP Local End IP Global Start IP Global End IP Modity ileal 1 192 165 1 10 200 0 0 1 2 192 168 1 11 200 0 Be z 1 1 3 Sal gy atta geal 455 200 0 0 3 M i 4 200 0 0 3 Server 5 6 T 5 9 nd GL GA GL i Eb Eb Eb Eb E Eb E a E 10 Step 3 Now we configure all other incoming traffic to go to our web server and mail server from Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port A
108. or Telnet over WAN ccccceececseseesseeeeeaeeeeaeeees 25 4 Why can t upload the firmware and configuration file using FP OVO VIN eesti a Sede Senda areas iets 26 LOG ANG ACH aaa tienenietieieieaiaiein detent 27 1 When does the P 660HW Tx v2 generate the firewall log 27 2 What does the log SNOW tO US cceecceeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeesaeees 27 3 How do view the firewall 109 ccscscecseseeseeeeeseeeeeeaeeees 27 4 When does the P 660HW Tx v2 generate the firewall alert 28 5 What is the difference between the log and alert 28 2 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Wireless FAO nrin 29 Cie lgiai cl hl gy arara EEES 29 1 Whatis a Wireless MAIN eed seats cisiab xe batteries E 29 2 What are the advantages of Wireless LAN 0008 29 3 What is the disadvantage of Wireless LAN 0008 29 4 Where can you find 802 11 wireless networks 0 30 5 What is an ACCESS POI seurs e a 30 Gi What iS IEEE 802 1 I cacax ccs teemcattean santas nmnedtaauceleoasanen tease 30 Po NNIAUVIS POO 2 TID ois tat etatntat oh ste tat eh aia oh Stata tata tated anata t aloha 30 i MOW FAST SO 2 11D lerene ita sar EAE 30 JWP S COZ Wa aa E saee 30 10 Wharis COZ TI annaa a ancteentinehenceade 31 11 Is it possible to use products from a variety of vendors 31 12 Wile lS WEEE a R 31 13 What
109. ormation you gathered in the preparation phase Now you are ready to make the survey 102 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Step 2 Install an access point at the preliminary location Step 3 Use a notebook with wireless client installed and run it s utility An utility will provide information such as connection speed current used channel associated rate link quality signal strength and etc information as shown in utility below ZyAIR G 700 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Link Info Configuration Site Survey About Curent SSID Test Status Connected Settings Channel i Security Disabled Tranter Rate 24 Current IP i 92 168 1 65 Operating Mode Infrastructure T A 7 otal frame Transmitted Recenved 1 ne 3577 Signal Strength Excellent 1003 LETT TTT TTT Link Quality Excellent 100 2 LETT OF Cancel Help Step 4 It s always a good idea to start with putting the access point at the corner of the room and walk away from the access point in a systematic manner Record down the changes at point where transfer rate drop and the link quality and signal strength information on the diagram as you go alone 103 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes ZyXEL Stock Room with Metal Shelves tth HM HMMM HERMES sacks foe RMEKHRKEMEEXE REESE SoD DM SD WHE
110. os within a prescribed power level The ISM band is populated by Industrial Scientific and Medical devices that are all low power devices but can interfere with each other 8 What is Server Set ID SSID SSID is a configurable identification that allows clients to communicate to the appropriate base station With proper configuration only clients that are configured with the same SSID can communicate with base stations having the same SSID SSID from a security point of view acts as a simple single shared password between base stations and clients 9 What is an ESSID ESSID stands for Extended Service Set Identifier and identifies the wireless LAN The ESSID of the mobile device must match the ESSID of the AP to communicate with the AP The ESSID is a 32 character maximum string and is case sensitive Security FAQ 1 How do I secure the data across the P 660HW Tx v2 Access Point s radio link To secure the date across the P 660HW Tx v2 Access Point s radio link we could select any one of the security mode Static WEP Wired Equivalency Protocol WPA PSK WPA Wifi Protected Access WPA2 PSK WPA2 2 What is WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP is a security mechanism defined within the 802 11 standard and designed to make the security of the wireless medium equal to that of a cable wire WEP data encryption was designed to prevent access to the network by intruders and to prevent the capture of wireless LAN traffic thr
111. ote that for traffic from LAN to WAN since BWM is before NAT you should use the IP Address address before NAT processing Source Subnet Enter the destination subnet mask Mask Source Port Enter the source port number of the traffic Enter the protocol number for the traffic 1 for ICMP 6 for TCP or 17 for Protocol ID UDP After configuration BWM you can check current bandwidth of the configured traffic in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Advanced gt Bandwidth MGMT gt Monitor 14 Using Zero Configuration e Zero Configuration and VC auto hunting Zero Configure feature can help customer to reduce the burden of setting efforts Whenever system ADSL links up system will send out some probing patterns system will analyze the packets returned from ISP and decide which services the ISP may provide Because ADSL is based on a ATM network so system have to pre configured a VPI VCI hunting pool before Auto Configure function begins to work The Zero Configuration feature can hunt the encapsulation and VPI VCI value and system will automatically configure itself if the hunting result is successfully This feature has two constraints 1 It supports the ISP provides one kind of service PPPoE PPPOA etc only otherwise the hunting will get confusing and failed 2 VC auto hunting only supports dynamic WAN IP address If the router is set a static WAN IP address VC auto hunting function will be disabled The entry of hu
112. ough eavesdropping WEP allows the administrator to define a set of respective Keys for each wireless network user based on a Key 34 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes String passed through the WEP encryption algorithm Access is denied by anyone who does not have an assigned key WEP comes in 40 64 bit and 128 bit encryption key lengths Note WEP has shown to have fundamental flaws in its key generation processing 3 What is WPA Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a subset of the IEEE 802 111 security specification draft Key differences between WAP and WEP are user authentication and improved data encryption WAP applies IEEE 802 1x Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP to authenticate wireless clients using an external RADIUS database You can not use the P 660HW Tx v2 s local user database for WPA authentication purpose since the local user database uses MD5 EAP which can not to generate keys WPA improves data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP Message Integrity Check and IEEE 802 1x Temporal Key Integrity Protocol uses 128 bits keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server It includes a per packet key mixing function a Message Integrity Check MIC named Michael an extend initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism If you do not have an external RADIUS server you
113. owing example the IP address 140 113 1 225 is dynamically assigned by ISP You must enter this IP address in the VPN Server dialog box for reaching the PPTP server After the VPN link is established you can start the network protocol application such as IP IPX and NetBEUI 50 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL lt Connect To User name Password VPA server f 40 113 1 225 rea 5 Using Full Feature NAT P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes k Ed When P 660HW Tx v2 is in Routing mode you can select NAT Option as Full Feature in Network gt Remote Node gt Edit None O sua Only Full Feature Key Settings Field Network Address Translation Configuring NAT Options Full Feature None SUA Only Description When you select this option you can select Address Mapping Set Number 1 8 in the pull down menu on the right NAT is disabled when you select this option When you select this option this remote node will use default SUA Address Mapping Set You can see it in CLI by command ip nat lookup 255 It s a read only sets with two rules Many to One and server mapping Select Full Feature when you require other mapping types Address Mapping Sets and NAT Server Sets 51 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes The P 660HW Tx v2 has 8 remote nodes and
114. p doen during the setting period The Forced Down connected remote node will be dropped Enable Dial On Demand The remote node accepts Dial on demand during this period The remote node denies any demand dial during the period For the existing connected nodes it will be dropped after idle timeout and no triggered up Disable Dial On Demand Start Time Start Time and Duration of this schedule Duration e Apply the schedule to the Remote node Multiple scheduling rules can program in a Remote node and they have priority For example if we program the sets as 1 2 3 4 in remote node then the set 1 will override set 2 3 4 set 2 will override 3 4 and so on We can apply the schedule to the remote node in CLI by the commands wan node index index wan node callsch index wan node save For example if we want to apply the call schedule set 1 to remote node 1 we could use the commands wan node index 1 wan node callsch 1 wan node save 75 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation 4yXFtCCCCCCCCC P GOH W Tx v2 Series Support Notes e Time Service in P 660HW Tx v2 There is no RTC Real Time Clock chip so the P 660HW Tx v2 should launch a mechanism to get current time and date from external server in boot time Time service is implemented by the Daytime protocol RFC 867 Time protocol RFC 868 and NTP protocol RFC 1305 You have to assign an IP address of a time server and then the P 660
115. p telephone lines All data sent over this connection can be encrypted and compressed and multiple network level protocols TCP IP NetBEUI and 47 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes IPX can be run correctly Windows NT Domain Login level security is preserved even across the Internet IP IPX IP IP HEF HEF RAS HT RAS wan T Client Modem Ta Serer Window98 PPTP Client Internet NT RAS Server Protocol Stack PPTP appears as new modem type Virtual Private Networking Adapter that can be selected when setting up a connection in the Dial Up Networking folder The VPN Adapter type does not appear elsewhere in the system Since PPTP encapsulates its data stream in the PPP protocol the VPN requires a second dial up adapter This second dial up adapter for VPN is added during the installation phase of the Upgrade in addition to the first dial up adapter that provides PPP support for the analog or ISDN modem The PPTP is supported in Windows NT and Windows 98 already For Windows 95 it needs to be upgraded by the Dial Up Networking 1 2 upgrade Configuration This application note explains how to establish a PPTP connection with a remote private network in the P 660HW Tx v2 SUA case In ZyNOS all PPTP packets can be forwarded to the internal PPTP Server WinNT server behind SUA The port number of the PPTP has to be entered in the Web Configurator A
116. pply BWM on DMZ interface Enter the total soeed to manage on this interface This value is the budget Speed of the class tree s root Choose the principle to allocate bandwidth on this interface Scheduler Priority Based allocates bandwidth via priority Fairness Based allocates bandwidth by ratio Check this box if you would like to give residuary bandwidth from Interface to the classes who need more bandwidth than configured amount Do not Maximiz Ban dwi pa select this if you want to reserve bandwidth for traffic that does not match a Usage bandwidth class or you want to limit the bandwidth of each class at the configured value Please note that to meat the second condition you should also disable Use All Managed Bandwidth in the BWM rule Step 2 Go to Web Configurator Advanced Setup Advanced gt Bandwidth MGMT gt Rule Setup select the interface Service Priority and Allocated Bandwidth for this rule then click button Add to apply this rule 78 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Rule Setup O Rule Setup oreak D sevila rrioko A sanana Djems sa i To LAN Interface A ee ee ee E jActive Rule Name Destination Port Priority Bandwidth kbps Modi or apply Cancel Step 3 You can modify the rule by clicking the button Edit on the rule Rule Configuration Caacine Bulle Name gt vy
117. processing gain introduces redundancy which allows data recovery if certain bit errors occur during transmission The FCC rules the minimum processing gain should be 10 typical systems use processing gains of 20 IEEE 802 11b specifies the use of DSSS 5 What is Frequency hopping Spread Spectrum Technology FHSS FHSS uses a narrowband carrier which hops through a predefined sequence of several frequencies at a specific rate This avoids problems with fixed channel narrowband noise and simple jamming Both transmitter and receiver must have their hopping sequences synchronized to create the effect of a single logical channel To an unsynchronised receiver an FHSS transmission appears to be short duration impulse noise 802 11 may use FHSS or DSSS 6 Do need the same kind of antenna on both sides of a link No Provided the antenna is optimally designed for 2 4GHz or 5GHz operation 33 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes WLAN NICs often include an internal antenna which may provide sufficient reception 7 Why the 2 4 Ghz Frequency range This frequency range has been set aside by the FCC and is generally labeled the ISM band A few years ago Apple and several other large corporations requested that the FCC allow the development of wireless networks within this frequency range What we have today is a protocol and system that allows for unlicensed use of radi
118. r Overview Users can use MAC Filter as a method to restrict unauthorized stations from accessing the APs ZyXEL s APs provide the capability for checking MAC address of the station before allowing it to connect to the network This provides an additional layer of control layer in that only stations with registered MAC addresses can connect This approach requires that the list of MAC addresses be configured 95 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes oo pha Ta fee t Te heel ie ee ee ee i i i o s y 11 11 11 11 11 11 Mac Filter List MAC Access Policy uper EEEE e ZyXEL MAC Filter Implementation ZyXEL s MAC Filter Implementation allows users to define a list to allow or block association from STAs The filter set allows users to input 12 entries in the list If Allow Association is selected all other STAs which are not on the list will be denied Otherwise if Deny Association is selected all other STAs which are not on the list will be allowed for association Users can choose either way to configure their filter rule e Configure the WLAN MAC Filter The MAC Filter related settings in ZyXEL APs are configured in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt Wireless LAN gt MAC Filter Before you configure the MAC filter you need to know the MAC address of the client first If not knowing what your MAC address is please enter a command ipc
119. rate the firewall alert The P 660HW Tx v2 generates the alert when an attack is detected by the firewall and sends it via Email So to send the alert you must configure the mail server and Email address using Web Configurator Advanced Setup Maintenance gt Logs gt Log Settings You can also specify how frequently you want to receive the alert in it 5 What is the difference between the log and alert A log entry is just added to the log inside the P 660HW Tx v2 and e mailed together with all other log entries at the scheduled time as configured An alert is e mailed immediately after an attacked is detected 28 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Wireless FAQ General FAQ 1 What is a Wireless LAN Wireless LANs provide all the functionality of wired LANs without the need for physical connections wires Data is modulated onto a radio frequency carrier and transmitted through the ether Typical bit rates are 11Mbps and 54Mbps although in practice data throughput is half of this Wireless LANs can be formed simply by equipping PC s with wireless NICs If connectivity to a wired LAN is required an Access Point AP is used as a bridging device AP s are typically located close to the centre of the wireless client population 2 What are the advantages of Wireless LAN Mobility Wireless LAN systems can provide LAN users with access to real time informa
120. ration Protocol In addition to the DHCP server feature the P 660HW Tx v2 supports the DHCP relay function When it is configured as DHCP server it assigns the IP addresses to the LAN clients When it is configured as DHCP relay it is responsible for forwarding the requests and responses negotiating between the DHCP clients and the server See figure 1 DHEP Server Prestige DHCP Client het Figure Presti 41 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes e Setup the P 660HW Tx v2 as a DHCP Relay We could set the P 660HW Tx v2 as a DHCP Relay by the following command in CLI lp dhcp enifO mode relay lp dhcp enif0 relay server Server IP Address 4 SUA Notes Tested SUA NAT Applications e g Cu SeeMe ICQ NetMeeting Cu peeMe Player gus Fog Cu npeeMe Player Introduction Generally SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside world LAN users are invisible to outside users However some applications such as Cu SeeMe and ICQ will need to connect to the local user behind the P 660HW Tx v2 In such case a SUA server must be configured to forward the incoming packets to the true destination behind SUA After the required server are configured in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding the internal server or client applications can be accessed by using the P 660HW Tx v2 s WAN IP Address
121. ress Mapping Set 1 you can edit 10 Address Mapping Rules for Set 1 You can edit or remove a rule by clicking the two buttons on the rule table Click the Edit Button on the rule 1 then you can enter the window in which you can edit an individual rule and configure the Mapping Type Local and Global Start End IPs 53 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL CCCP 6 6OHIW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Edit Address Mapping Rulel eee ocal Start IP acal End IF obal Start IP alobal End IF Server Mapping Set Cancel The following table describes the fields in this screen Field Description Option Example 1 One to One 2 Many to One 3 Many to Many You can select one of the five mapping types from the Type eae Overload ull down menu p 4 Many to Many No Overload 5 Server Start This is the starting local IP address ILA 0 0 0 0 cal This is the ending local IP address ILA If the rule is for all local IPs then put the Start IP as 0 0 0 0 and the IP En oe 255 255 255 255 End IP as 255 255 255 255 This field is N A for One to One type This is the starting global IP address IGA If you have Start 0 0 0 0 Global a dynamic IP enter 0 0 0 0 as the Global Start IP oba ip This is the ending global IP address IGA This End field is N A for One to One Many to One and Server 200 1 1 64 types Note For all Local and Global IPs the End IP address must begin after the IP S
122. rule ip policyrouting set criteria protocol 6 72 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Set the protocol ID as 6 TCP for the rule ip policyrouting set criteria serviceType 0 Set the criteria type of service as don t care for this rule ip policyrouting set criteria precedence 8 Set the precedence as don t care for this rule ip policyrouting set criteria packetlength 0 Set the packet length as 0 for the rule ip policyrouting set criteria srcip 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 20 Set the source IP address for the rule Start 192 168 1 2 end 192 168 1 20 ip policyrouting set criteria srcport 0 Set the source port for the rule Start 0 ip policyrouting set criteria destip 0 0 0 0 Set the destination port for the rule Start 0 0 0 0 ip policyrouting set criteria destport 80 80 Set the destination port for the rule Start 80 end 80 ip policyrouting set action actmatched Set the action for the rule Matched ip policyrouting set action gatewaytype 0 Set gateway type for the rule Gateway Address ip policyrouting set action gatewayaddr 192 168 1 254 Set the gateway address for the rule 192 168 1 254 ip policyrouting set criteria serviceType 0 Set the action type of service as dont care for this rule ip policyrouting set criteria precedence 8 Set the action precedence as don t care for this rule ip policyrouting set action log no Set log opti
123. s to 5 5 2 and 1Mbps 8 How fast is 802 11b The IEEE 802 11b standard has a nominal speed of 11 megabits per second Mbps However depending on signal quality and how many other people are using the wireless ethernet through a particular Access Point usable speed will be much less on the order of 4 or 5 Mbps which is still substantially faster than most dialup cable and DSL modems 9 What is 802 11a 802 11a the second revision of 802 11 that operates in the unlicensed 5 GHz band and allows transmission rates of up to 54Mbps 802 11a uses OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing as opposed to FHSS or DSSS Higher data rates are possible by combining channels Due to higher frequency range is less than lower frequency systems i e 802 116 and 802 11g and can increase the cost of the overall solution because a greater number of access points may be required 802 11a Is not directly compatible with 802 11b or 802 11g networks In other words a user equipped with an 802 11b or 802 11g radio card will not be able to interface directly to an 802 11a access point Multi mode NICs will solve this problem 30 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 10 What is 802 119 802 11g is an extension to 802 11b 802 119 increases 802 11b s data rates to 54 Mbps and still utilise the 2 4 GHz ISM Modulation is based upon OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexi
124. so allows you to configure 8 NAT Address Mapping Sets You must specify which NAT Address Mapping Set 1 8 to use in the remote node when you select Full Feature NAT You can edit 10 rules for each Address Mapping Set You can edit the rules for Address Mapping Sets 1 in Web Configurator The other Address Mapping sets 2 8 can only be configured in CLI Command Line Interface The NAT Server Set is a list of LAN side servers mapped to external ports We can configure it in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt NAT gt Port Forwarding To use the NAT server sets you ve configured a Server rule must be set up inside the NAT Address Mapping set Please see NAT Server Sets for further information on how to apply it When you select SUA Only the P 660HW Tx v2 will use a default SUA Address Mapping set for it It has two rules Many to One and Server You can see it in CLI by command ip nat lookup 255 co Telnet 192 168 1 1 Fas ip nat lookup 255 HAT Lookup Information on set 255 addr 6x9456c6f4 timer Period 1606 rule Internal Start Internal End External Start External End amp 2 idk t ype i 0 0 0 6 255 255 255 255 6 0 0 0 4 6 6 8 iz 8 1 conelype Port Restricted Cone gt 2 0 0 6 6 4 6 6 8 SS 4 6 8 8 1 8 SUR conelype Port Restricted Cone gt Reference Count For Active Rules Please note that the fields in this menu are read only However the settings of the rule set 2 can be modified i
125. t SCR 0 MBS 0 and PCR as the maximum value according to the line rate for example 2 3 Mbps line rate will result PCR as 5424 cell sec 17 What do the ATM QoS Types CBR UBR VBR nRT VBR RT mean Constant bit rate CBR An ATM bandwidth allocation service that requires the user to determine a fixed bandwidth requirement at the time the connection is set up so that the data can be sent in a steady stream CBR service is often used when transmitting fixed rate uncompressed video Unspecified bit rate UBR An ATM bandwidth allocation service that does not guarantee any throughput levels and uses only available bandwidth UBR is often used when transmitting data that can tolerate delays such as e mail Variable bit rate VBR An ATM bandwidth allocation service that allows users to specify a throughput capacity i e a peak rate and a sustained rate but data is not sent evenly You can select VBR for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with other applications It contains two subclasses Variable bit rate nonreal time VBR nRT and Variable bit rate real time VBR RT 16 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 18 What is content filter Internet Content filter allows you to create and enforce Internet access policies tailored to your needs Content filter gives you the ability to block web sites that contain key words that you specify in the URL You can se
126. t a schedule for when the P 660HW Tx v2 performs content filtering You can also specify trusted IP Addresses on LAN for which the P 660HW Tx v2 will not perform content filtering You can configure the details about it in Web Configurator Advanced setup Security gt Content Filter 17 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes ADSL FAQ 1 How does ADSL compare to Cable modems ADSL provides a dedicated service over a single telephone line cable modems offer a dedicated service over a shared media While cable modems have greater downstream bandwidth capabilities up to 30 Mbps that bandwidth is shared among all users on a line and will therefore vary perhaps dramatically as more users in a neighborhood get online at the same time Cable modem upstream traffic will in many cases be slower than ADSL either because the particular cable modem is inherently slower or because of rate reductions caused by contention for upstream bandwidth slots The big difference between ADSL and cable modems however is the number of lines available to each There are no more than 12 million homes passed today that can support two way cable modem transmissions and while the figure also grows steadily it will not catch up with telephone lines for many years Additionally many of the older cable networks are not capable of offering a return channel consequently such networks will need s
127. t gateway and hence the outgoing interface and the TOS and precedence fields in the IP header IPPR follows the existing packet filtering facility of ZyNOS in style and in implementation The policies are divided into sets where related policies are grouped together A use defines the policies before applying them to an interface or a remote node in the same fashion as the filters There are 12 policy sets with 6 policies in each set e Setup the IP Policy Routing Setp 1 Set the index of IP routing policy set rule by command ip policyrouting set index set rule Suppose set 1 rule 1 in this example Step 2 Suppose we d like to edit the rule like this Policy Set Name Test Active Yes Criteria IP Protocol 6 Type of Service Don t Care Packet length 0 Precedence Don t Care Len Comp N A Source addr start 192 168 1 2 end 192 168 1 20 port start 0 end N A Destination addr start 0 0 0 0 end N A port start 80 end 80 Action Matched Gateway addr 192 168 1 254 Log No Type of Service No Change Precedence No Change This policy example forces the Web packets originated from the clients with IP addresses from 192 168 1 2 to 192 168 1 20 be routed to the remote LAN via the gateway 192 168 1 254 To implement this we need to invoke the following command one by one ip policyrouting set name Test Set the name as Test of IP routing policy rule ip policyrouting set active yes Enable the
128. tart address i e you cannot have an End IP address beginning before the Start IP address e Configure Address Mapping Sets in CLI Setp 1 Telnet to the P 660HW Tx v2 We suppose the LAN IP Address of P 660HW Tx v2 is 192 168 1 1 Step 2 Select one Address Mapping Set 1 8 by command ip nat addrmap map map set name set name is optional Suppose we configure set 2 in the example 54 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Setp 3 Set NAT address mapping rule for the Address Mapping Set you just configured Set 2 in this example by command ip nat addrmap rule rule insert edit type local start IP local end IP global start IP global end IP server set Suppose we set a Many to One rule for set 2 by command ip nat addrmap rule 1 edit 1 192 168 1 10 192 168 1 20 172 1 1 1 172 1 1 1 Setp 4 Save the configuration by command ip nat addrmap save You can apply the Address Mapping Set 2 to remote nodes in Web Configurator when you select Full Feature NAT See the intire process as follows Fas ip nat addrmap map 2 Test Fas ip nat addrmap rule 1 edit 1 192 168 1 18 192 168 1 26 172 1 1 1 172 1 1 1 CONFIG WAT Address MAP seti2 rule Pas ip nat addrmap save ip nat addrmap save ok Set 5 You can lookup the successfully configured Address Mapping Sets by command ip nat addrmap disp ras ip nat addrmap disp a5 2
129. tion anywhere in their organization This mobility supports productivity and service opportunities not possible with wired networks Installation Speed and Simplicity Installing a wireless LAN system can be fast and easy and can eliminate the need to pull cable through walls and ceilings Installation Flexibility Wireless technology allows the network to go where wire cannot go Reduced Cost of Ownership While the initial investment required for wireless LAN hardware can be higher than the cost of wired LAN hardware overall installation expenses and life cycle costs can be significantly lower Long term cost benefits are greatest in dynamic environments requiring frequent moves and changes Scalability Wireless LAN systems can be configured in a variety of topologies to meet the needs of specific applications and installations Configurations are easily changed and range from peer to peer networks suitable for a small number of users to full infrastructure networks of thousands of users that enable roaming over a broad area 3 What is the disadvantage of Wireless LAN The speed of Wireless LAN is still relative slower than wired LAN The most popular wired LAN is operated in 100Mbps which is almost 10 times of that of Wireless LAN 10Mbps A faster wired LAN standard 1000Mbps which is 100 times faster becomes popular as well The setup cost of Wireless LAN is relative high because the equipment cost including access point and PCMCI
130. tup Network gt LAN We use 192 168 1 1 as the LAN IP for P 660HW Tx v2 in this case Step 1 Disactive DHCP Server and apply it Step 2 Assign an IP to the LAN Interface of P 660HW Tx v2 e g 192 168 1 1 2 Internet Access Using P 660HW Tx v2 under Routing mode For most Internet users having multiple computers want to share an Internet account for Internet access they have to install an Internet sharing device like a router In this case we use the P 660HW Tx v2 which works as a general Router plus an ADSL Modem 39 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL CCCCCCCC P GOH W Tx v2 Series Support Notes Set up your workstation 1 Ethernet connection Connect the LAN ports of all computers to the LAN Interface of P 660HW Tx v2 using Ethernet cable 2 TCP IP configuration Since the P 660HW Tx v2 is set to DHCP server as default so you need only to configure the workstations as the DHCP clients in the networking settings In this case the IP address of the computer is assigned by the P 660HW Tx v2 The P 660HW Tx v2 can also provide the DNS to the clients via DHCP if it is available For this setup in Windows we check the option Obtain an IP address automatically in its TCP IP setup Please see the example shown below TCP IP Properties Ei Ei Bindings Advanced NeBos DNS Configuration Gateway WINS Configuration P Address n IF address can be automaticall
131. uld click the button Advanced Setup for more detailed configuration 92 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes Wireless Advanced Setup RATS CTS Threshold aose ko 2432 4096 when G Enhanced Fragmentation Threshold a096 ase 24392 4096 when G Enhanced preamble a Enable 802 119 mode Max Frame Burst Cancel Configuration Wireless Station to Infrastructure mode To configure Infrastructure mode on your ZyAIR G 200 Wireless Network Adapter please follow the following steps Step 1 Double click on the utility icon in your windows task bar the utility will pop up on your windows screen Step 2 Select configuration tab ZyAIR G 700 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Link Info Configuration Site Survey About Frotile e SSS Configuration Service Set defies Jay O S Operating Mode METETE Channel Wireless Securite Configuration Set Security Urco Chances Appl Ghanges Cancel Help 93 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes step 3 Select Infrastructure from the operation mode pull down menu fill in an SSID or leave it as any if you wish to connect to any AP than press Apply Change to take effect Step 4 Click on Site Survey tab and press search all the available AP will be listed ZyAIR G 200 Wireless LAN USB Adapter Link Info
132. up into smaller chunks Each fragment looks like the original packet except that it contains an offset field The Teardrop program creates a series of IP fragments with overlapping offset fields When these fragments are reassembled at the destination some systems will crash hang or reboot 9 What is SYN Flood attack SYN attack floods a targeted system with a series of SYN packets Each packet causes the targeted system to issue a SYN ACK response While the targeted system waits for the ACK that follows the SYN ACK it queues up all outstanding SYN ACK responses on what is known as a backlog queue SYN ACKs are moved off the queue only when an ACK comes back or when an internal timer which is set a relatively long intervals terminates the TCP three way handshake Once the queue is full the system will ignore all incoming SYN requests making the system unavailable for legitimate users 10 What is LAND attack In a LAN attack hackers flood SYN packets to the network with a spoofed source IP address of the targeted system This makes it appear as if the host computer sent the packets to itself making the system unavailable while the target system tries to respond to itself 23 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 11 What is Brute force attack A Brute force attack such as Smurf attack targets a feature in the IP specification known as directed or subnet br
133. warding Default Server Setup Default Server 0 0 0 0 j Port Forwarding Service Name WW server IP Address 0 0 0 0 Start Port Server IP Address Modify It is because SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside world LAN users are invisible to outside users So to make an internal server for outside access we must specify the service port and the LAN IP of this server in Web configurator Thus SUA is able to forward the incoming packets to the requested service behind SUA and the outside users access the server using the P 660HW Tx v2 s WAN IP address So we have to configure the internal IPsec client as a default server unspecified service port when it acts a server gateway 14 What is Traffic Shaping Traffic Shaping allocates the bandwidth to WAN dynamically and aims at boosting the efficiency of the bandwidth If there are serveral VCs in the P 660HW Tx v2 but only one VC activated at one time the P 660HW Tx v2 allocates all the Bandwidth to the VC and the VC gets full bandwidth If another VCs are activated later the bandwidth is yield to other VCs after ward 15 Why do we perform traffic shaping in the P 660HW Tx v2 The P 660HW Tx v2 must manage traffic fairly and provide bandwidth allocation for different sorts of applications such as voice video and data All applications have their own natural bit rate Large data transactions have a 15 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications
134. work administrator for the appropriate IF settings O Obtain an IP address automatically oll ze the following IF address IF address 192 766 1 Subnet mask 255 255 AAA OO Use the following DNS server addresses Prefered DONS server aaa Alternate ONS server SSS Step 6 Fill in your network IP address and subnet mask and click OK to finish Step 7 Station A now are able to connect to Station B 2 Configuring Infrastructure mode Infrastructure Introduction For Infrastructure WLANs multiple Access Points APs like the WLAN to the wired network and allow users to efficiently share network resources The Access Points not only provide communication with the wired network but also mediate wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood 91 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes RF signal RF signal T S eB Wireless Station Wireless Station Wireless Station Configure Wireless Access Point to Infrastructure mode using Web configurator To configure Infrastructure mode of your P 660HW Tx v2 wireless AP please follow the steps below Step 1 Login Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt Wireless LAN gt General Configure the basic parameters for Wireless LAN General Wireless Setup Network Names zy ooo O C hide SSID ocfhannel Selection Channel 06 2437MHz gt Security Step 2 You co
135. y assigned to this computer IF your network does not automatically assign IP addresses ask pour network administrator for an address and then type it in the space below Specify an IP address Set up your P 660HW Tx v2 under routing mode The following procedure shows you how to configure your P 660HW Tx v2 as Routing mode for routing traffic We will use Web Configurator to guide you through the related menu 40 All contents copyright 2006 ZyXEL Communications Corporation ZyXEL P 660HW Tx v2 Series Support Notes 1 Configure P 660HW Tx v2 as routing mode and configure Internet setup parameters in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt WAN gt Internet Connection Key Settings Option Description Select the correct Encapsulation type that your ISP supports For example RFC 1483 Select the correct Multiplexing type that your ISP supports For Encapsulation Multiplexing sample Lc VPI amp VCI Specify a VPI Virtual Path Identifier and a VCI Virtual Channel number Identifier given to you by your ISP IP Address Set to Dynamic if the ISP provides the IP for the P 660HW Tx v2 dynamically Otherwise set to Static and enter the IP in the IP Assignment Address field 2 Configure a LAN IP for the P 660HW Tx v2 and the DHCP settings in Web Configurator Advanced Setup Network gt LAN 3 Setup the P 660HW Tx v2 as a DHCP Relay e What is DHCP Relay DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configu

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