PASCO Specialty & Mfg. ME-8092 User's Manual
Contents
1. 1 If you are using three Connect the force and motion sensors to a PASPORT interface or interfaces PASPORT force sen Connect the left force sensor first followed by the right force sensor he E Distribution 3 force ds Connect the left right and center force sensors Theory in that order If you are using As the ball rolls along the beam the beam remains in static equilibrium The criteria ScienceWorkshop sen sors see page 5 for for static equilibrium of an extended body are i instructions e the sum of all the external forces is zero Fiet 2F 0 e and the sum of all the external torques is zero Tiet ZT 0 As the ball changes position the force exerted by each force sensor changes but the net force exerted by the ball and both force sensors remains constant at zero Also the torque exerted by the ball changes because the ball s lever arm changes but the net torque exerted by the ball and both force sensors remains constant at zero Procedure 1 Set up the apparatus with two force sensors at the inner attachment points 2 Measure the mass of the ball 3 With the ball removed from the beam press the zero buttons or tare buttons on both force sensors 4 In DataStudio view the graph of position versus time PASC Ce 3 Force Distribution Apparatus 5 Place the ball at the end of the beam closest to the motion sensor Click Allow the ball to roll along the beam away from the motion sensor2. force sensors can be attached two outer points two inner points and a central point Some typical config urations are shown below p f Fp j F A E E To attach a force sensor to the beam Thread a thumbscrew into one of the beam s tapped holes Screw it all the way in so it 1s loosely captured as pictured near right Thread a hex standoff onto the thumbscrew Screw it all the way in so it is loosely captured If a hook or bumper is con nected to the force sensor remove it Screw the thumb screw into the force sensor as pictured far right Two sensors attached at the inner points Two sensors attached at the outer points Two sensors one attached at an outer point and one attached at an inner point Two sensors one attached at an inner or outer point the other attached at the central point Three sensors one attached at the central point the others attached at the inner or outer points PASC Ce Model No ME 8092 Theory 4 Repeat the process to attach a second force sensor 5 Mount the apparatus on a horizontal rod as shown below Note that both force sensors face the same way oy 6 Position the motion sensor at the height of the ball and 15 to 20 cm from the end of the beam 7 Incline beam slightly so the ball rolls slowly away from motion sensor 8 Open the DataStudio file Force Distribution ds from the included CD ROM
3. loj x was 0 498 m from the motion sensor This gives the values of El Ea Data x m WPosition Force Left Force Right Run 1 Run 1 Run 1 Frey 1 7 N m N N Tey rF 0 88 m 1 7 N 1 5 Nm Fam 5 3 N Tin 0 380 m 5 3 N 2 0 N m T na 0 50 m 7 0 N 3 5 Nem Note that the weight of the ball tends to make the beam rotate counterclockwise as measured from the motion sensor but the two force sensors tends to make it rotate clockwise Total clockwise torque 1 5 Nem 2 0 Nm 3 5 N m Total counterclockwise torque 3 5 N m Since these two torques are in opposite directions they have opposite signs thus the total net torque is zero PASC Ce Model No ME 8092 Specifications Specifications Beam Length 95cm Ball Mass Approx 0 7 kg Technical Support For assistance with any PASCO product contact PASCO at Address PASCO scientific 10101 Foothills Blvd Roseville CA 95747 7100 Phone 916 786 3800 worldwide 800 772 8700 U S Fax 916 786 3292 Web www pasco com Email support pasco com Limited Warranty For a description of the product warranty see the PASCO catalog Copyright The PASCO scientific 012 09074A Force Distribution Apparatus Instruction Manual is copyrighted with all rights reserved Permission is granted to non profit educational institutions for reproduction of any part of this manual providing the reproductions are used onl
4. Catch the ball as it rolls off the end Data recording will start when the ball is 0 2 m from the motion sensor Recording will stop when it reaches 1 1 m just before the end of the track If necessary adjust the angle and position of the motion sensor and repeat data collection in order to obtain a smooth continuous position versus time graph Analysis Because you zeroed the force sensors with the beam mounted on them the weight of the beam is not part of the recorded force data For this analysis treat the beam as though it were massless 1 Observe the force versus position graph for one of the force sensors Why is the force positive in one part of the graph and negative in the other part When the force changes from positive to negative or from negative to positive where is the ball 2 Observe the graph showing the sum of measured forces total force versus ball position a How does the total force vary as the ball rolls along the beam Consider any variation as a percentage of the total force b Compare the average value of the total force to the weight of the ball c List all of the objects that exert force on the beam For any position of the ball what is the net force on the beam Remember to treat the beam as massless 3 Observe the table showing the position of the ball measured by the motion sensor and the forces measured by both force sensors Using only this data determine the distance from the mo
5. Instruction Manual 012 09074A Force Distribution Apparatus ME 8092 Included Equipment Part Number Aluminum Beam Ball Captured Thumbscrews qty 3 Hex Standoffs qty 3 CD ROM containing DataStudio Configuration Files Required Equipment ME 8092 ME 8092 613 099 615 245 5 6 09338 Force Sensors two required third optional Motion Sensor Balance Required Mounting Equipment PS 2104 or equivalent PS 2103 or equivalent SE 8775A or equivalent Table Clamps qty 2 Multi Clamps qty 2 120 cm Rod 90 cm Rod 45 cm Rod ME 9472 SE 9442 ME 8741 ME 8738 ME 8736 1 Files require DataStudio version 1 9 5 or later Visit www pasco com to download the latest version of DataStudio 2 See Equipment Notes on page 5 2 May be replaced with any equipment for mounting the apparatus as pictured on page 3 800 772 8700 www pasco com PASCOE Force Distribution Apparatus Introduction The Force Distribution Apparatus allows you to study the forces and torques exerted on a stationary beam as a ball rolls along it A motion sensor tracks the position of the ball and two force sensors measure the supporting forces As the position of the ball changes you will discover how the supporting forces change to keep the beam in static equilib rium Setup Introduction Aluminum Beam Z Force Sensors The beam has five tapped holes or mounting points to which
6. ter force sensors to the PASPORT interface or interfaces in that order PASC Ce Equipment Notes PASPORT No Interface of Ports Xplorer GLX 4 PowerLink 3 Xplorer 1 USB Link 5 Fo rce Distribution Apparatus Sample Data Sample Data E Position m Mean Run 1 6 963 8 at 8 B ral a a z 4 a w 4 2 ral ni 52 52 as S li o ad w O 0 7 2 as T 2 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 0 20 0 40 0 60 0 80 1 00 0 20 0 40 0 60 0 80 1 00 Times Position m Position m The graphs above are Position vs time as ball rolls left the forces measured by each sensor versus ball position center and the sum of the measured forces versus ball position right When the ball is not between the sensors the force measured by one of the sensors is negative The sum of the measured forces equals the weight of the ball The weight of the beam was zeroed out and does not contribute to the measured forces The table below on the left shows that the left sensor is 0 88 m from the motion sensor and the right table shows that the right sensor is 0 38 m from the motion sensor ioii ioli Ele Ea g Data x r Zj Ea g Data x mr WPosition Force Left Force Right Position Force Left Force Right Run 1 Run 1 Run 1 Run 1 Run 1 m N N m N N In this example the point chosen for analysis is where the ball
7. tion sensor to each force sensor Hint when the ball is directly over one force sensor the reading from the other force sensor is zero 4 Choose a point in the data table where the ball was somewhere between the force Sensors a What is the position of the ball and the readings of both force sensors at that point b The formula for the torque T exerted by an object is T rF where r is the lever arm or distance from the motion sensor to the object and F is the force exerted by the object Since all distances are measured from the motion sensor this formula gives the torque about the position of the motion sensor Calculate the torque exerted on the beam by each object that interacts with it Don t forget to include the torque applied by the ball Why do you not need to consider the weight of the beam c Calculate the total torque that tends to rotate the beam clockwise and the total torque that tends to rotate the beam counter clockwise How do they compare What is the net torque on the beam Procedure 3 To adjust the delayed start and automatic stop parameters click the Setup button in DataStudio s main tool bar the Experiment Setup window will open Click the Sampling Options button PASC Ce Model No ME 8092 Further Study 1 Repeat the torque calculation but measure the lever arms from a different point for instance one end of the channel How does the net torque change 2 Repeat the torq
8. ue calculation for a point in the recorded data where the ball is on the same side of both force sensors 3 Repeat the entire experiment with the force sensors attached to the beam at dif ferent points 4 Repeat the experiment but press the zero buttons on the force sensors before attaching the beam Measure the mass of beam and include it in the force and torque calculations 5 Repeat the experiment with the beam mounted on three force sensors Equipment Notes PASPORT Interfaces The recommended PASPORT Force Sensors and Motion Sensor require a PASPORT interface or interfaces with a total of three ports or four ports if three force sensors will be used Multiple PASPORT interfaces in any combination can be used to make up the required number of ports ScienceWorkshop Sensors A ScienceWorkshop Motion Sensor CI 6742 and Force Sensors CI 6537 or CI 6746 can be used instead of PASPORT sensors Open the DataStudio configura tion file SW Force Distribution ds for two force sensors or SW Force Distribution 3 force ds for three force sensors e Ifyou are using a ScienceWorkshop interface connect the motion sensor to Channels 1 and 2 connect the left force sensor to Channel A the right force sen sor to Channel B and the center force sensor if used to Channel C e Ifyou are using a Digital Adapter PS 2159 and Analog Adapters PS 2158 with ScienceWorkshop sensors connect the adapters for the left right and cen
9. y in their laboratories and classrooms and are not sold for profit Reproduction under any other circumstances without the written con sent of PASCO scientific is prohibited Trademarks PASCO PASCO scientific DataStudio PASPORT ScienceWorkshop Xplorer and Xplorer GLX are trademarks or registered trade marks of PASCO scientific in the United States and or in other countries All other brands products or service names are or may be trademarks or service marks of and are used to identify products or services of their respective owners For more information visit www pasco com legal Author Jon Hanks Editor Alec Ogston T Viyofe 7
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