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Netgear WG511U User's Manual

1. Slow blink OFF Power save mode default from power up or reset Alternate Alternate Looking for network association blink blink Power LED goes ON Network LED is OFF then Power LED goes OFF and Network LED goes ON Slow blink Slow blink Associated or joined with network no activity Fast blink Fast blink Associated or joined with network blink rate increases with activity on the network over the air or locally on the network c Verify connectivity to the Internet or network resources Note If you are unable to connect see troubleshooting tips in the Basic Installation section of the Reference Manual on the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WGS5I1LU Resource CD Basic Setup 3 11 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U WG511U Wireless Connection Indicators The NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U provides the following three indicators which give you feedback on the status of your wireless connection The two LEDs on the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U indicate the condition of wireless link e The color of the SysTray icon is on the System Tray portion of the taskbar in the Microsoft Windows desktop indicates the status of the connection Interpreting the LED on the WG511U These LEDs are described in this table
2. New Profile Network Name SSID NETGEAR_119 x Save Profle fa Security Disable C WEP WPA PSK Advanced Settings aoe Passphrase NETGEAR ULTRAG g k i Access Point Infrastructure he T E Computerto computer Ad Hoc r NETGEAR 00 09 58 D3 40 AD Cancel WG511U Configuration Utility Note The NETGEAR default settings are Infrastructure mode with NETGEAR_11g for the wireless network name SSID and WPA PSK enabled with the passphrase of NETGEAR ULTRA G If your WLAN settings are different from these you will not connect Set up your WG511U accordingly Note This procedure assumes you are connecting to a wireless network which is using WPA security If your network does not include security settings configure the WG511U accordingly For help with these steps click the Help button in the WG511U Configuration Utility to view context sensitive help information or see Chapter 5 Wireless Security Configuration Basic Setup August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Verify wireless connectivity to your network a Verify that your Connection and Status Monitor information matches your wireless network b Check the two LEDs on the WG511U Table 3 2 LED Descriptions LED 1 LED 2 below the below the word word Meaning NETGEAR NETGEAR on the left on the right
3. Credentials Credentials gt gt Authentication Key Uncontrolled Port LAN gt Resources uthentication Key Controlled Port Figure B 6 WPA 802 1x Authentication Sequence Wireless Networking Basics B 17 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U The AP sends Beacon Frames with WPA information element to the stations in the service set Information elements include the required authentication method 802 1x or Pre shared key and the preferred cipher suite WEP TKIP or AES Probe Responses AP to station and Association Requests station to AP also contain WPA information elements 1 Initial 802 1x communications begin with an unauthenticated supplicant i e client device attempting to connect with an authenticator i e 802 11 access point The client sends an EAP start message This begins a series of message exchanges to authenticate the client 2 The access point replies with an EAP request identity message 3 The client sends an EAP response packet containing the identity to the authentication server The access point responds by enabling a port for passing only EAP packets from the client to an authentication server located on the wired side of the access point The access point blocks all other traffic such as HTTP DHCP and POP3 packets until the access point can verify the client s identity using an authentication serv
4. Save Profle a Security Disable C WEP G WPA PSK Advanced Settings z Network Type CPP Access Point infrastructure Passphrase NETGEAR ULTRA G c C Computer to computer Ad Hoc r NETGEAR 00 09 58 D3 40 AD Smart Wireless Utility Settings page Tip Click Help to view the context sensitive help information Note The NETGEAR default settings are Infrastructure mode with NETGEAR_11g for the wireless network name SSID and WPA PSK enabled with the passphrase of NETGEAR ULTRA G If your WLAN settings are different from these you will not connect Set up your WG511U accordingly Note This procedure assumes you are connecting to a wireless network which is using WPA security If your network does not include security settings configure the WG511U accordingly For help with these steps click the Help button in the WG511U Configuration Utility to view context sensitive help information or see Chapter 5 Wireless Security Configuration Basic Setup August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Verify wireless connectivity to your network a Verify that your Connection and Status Monitor information matches your wireless network b Check the two LEDs on the WG511U Table 3 1 LED Descriptions LED 1 LED 2 below the below the word word Meaning NETGEAR NETGEAR on the l
5. August 2004 Contents Chapter 1 About This Manual Audience Conventions Publication Date cccecececcccecesseceeeeeceaeeeeeeeeeaeaeeeeeeesaanenes 1 1 eer to Navigate thiis Manual cswasc csssausnnidapandsanenip naa 1 2 Howto Prini his Mamia sessionis Nan esssasenliesssaainsvoniactninaerassan 1 3 Chapter 2 Introduction Key Features and Related NETGEAR Products c ccccsscceeseeeeenceeseeeseeneeeseeeeeneees 2 1 802 11a and 802 11b g Wireless Networking sssssssssrrsserieeesissunrinssrasesssnanrissssnnnasias 2 2 WE SNE BOR anina a en een ce ee ee ate 2 2 A Road Map for How to Get There From Here 2 cc ececceeceeeeeeeeeseeneenceneeeeeeeeees 2 3 Chapter 3 Basic Setup What You Need Before You Begin ci racstennniisedvisciiaeieeteenineses nee 3 1 Veriying System Reguiremen S ississsiriisissiisissiirsn isoissa 3 1 Observing Location and Range Guidelines cccccccsccesecceeeeeessnseeeeeeneeeeeeneeneeee 3 2 TO Basic O POr OO a 3 2 WG511U Default Wireless Configuration Settings eeseesssseesssssesseerreeersrrnsseennnesersneens 3 3 Basic Installation INSiructions ise ccs capstoan Mpcce emerson innana aniani aaa aai Meeadinan ds 3 4 For Windows AP Users Installing a WGSTIU ssssissrisssiisesrissseserrininurserenrissrisenionssss 3 4 For Windows 2000 amp 98 Me Users Installing a WG511U sssseesseeesiresseeeresseen 3 8 WGS11U Wireless Connection INdicalorS sensensnnenenensnnsnaineniinenin
6. A Uae eee NE Basic Installation and Configuration Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Acce Two Ways to Log In to the WG602 v A This chapter describes how to set up your 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 U the B IP Sett Opt r 3 fi aUa bab a ta v2 for wireless connectivity to your LAN This basic configuration will enable computers with 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapters to do such things as connect to Understanding Wireless Security Opti the Internet or access printers and files on your LAN Understanding the Basic Wireless Set How to Configure WEP Wireless Secu Figure 1 1 HTML version of this manual 1 Left pane Use the left pane to view the Contents Index and Search tabs To view the HTML version of the manual you must have a version 4 or later Internet Explorer or Netcsape Navigator browser with JavaScript enabled 2 Toolbar buttons Use the toolbar buttons across the top to navigate print pages and more The Show in Contents button locates the current topic in the Contents tab Previous Next buttons display the previous or next topic POF The PDF button links to a PDF version of the full manual B The Print button prints the current topic Using this button when a step by step procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer you do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages 3 Right pane Use the right pane to view the contents of the manual Also at th
7. 4 Glossary August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U MAC address The Media Access Control address is a unique 48 bit hardware address assigned to every network interface card Usually written in the form 01 23 45 67 89 ab Mbps Megabits per second NetBIOS The Network Basic Input Output System is an application programming interface API for sharing services and information on local area networks LANs Provides for communication between stations of a network where each station is given a name These names are alphanumeric names up to 16 characters in length Network Address Translation NAT A technique by which several hosts share a single IP address for access to the Internet NIC Network Interface Card An adapter in a computer which provides connectivity to a network packet A block of information sent over a network A packet typically contains a source and destination network address some protocol and length information a block of data and a checksum PEAP Protected EAP PEAP are Internet Drafts that have been proposed to simplify 802 1X deployment PEAP requires certificate based RADIUS server authentication but supports an extensible set of user authentication methods Organizations that have not yet issued certificates to every station and don t want to just for 802 1X can use Windows logins and passwords instead RADIUS servers that support EAP TTLS an
8. The wireless PC Card has established good aconnection with another communication with an access point and the signal a wireless node quality is strong Basic Setup 3 13 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Troubleshooting Use the information below to solve common problems you may encounter Also please refer to the knowledge base on the NETGEAR web site at www netgear com support main asp Basic Tips If you have problems connected to your wireless network try the tips below Symptom Cause Solution The PC Card The WG511U is Remove and reinsert the WG511U LEDs are not lit not inserted into Check the Windows device manager to see if the PC the slot properly Card is recognized and enabled Reload the WG511U or the WG511U software is not loaded software if necessary Try to install the WG5110U in a different slot on your system if one is available The LEDs blink alternately and cannot connect to an access point The WG5110U is attempting to connect to an access point but cannot connect The access point may not be powered on Or the access point and the PC card are not configured with the same wireless parameters Check the SSID and WEP settings I can connect to an access point but I cannot connect to other computers on the network or the Internet This could be a physical layer problem
9. User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Zs NETGEAR NETGEAR Inc 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Version v1 0 August 2004 August 2004 Technical Support Please refer to the support information card that shipped with your product By registering your product at www netgear com register we can provide you with faster expert technical support and timely notices of product and software upgrades NETGEAR INC Support Information Phone 1 888 NETGEAR for US amp Canada only For other countries see your Support information card E mail support netgear com Web site www netgear com Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein 2004 NETGEAR Inc NETGEAR the NETGEAR logo The Gear Guy and Everybody s Connecting are trademarks or registered trademarks of NETGEAR Inc in the United States and or other countries Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and or other countries Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Informatio
10. DNS addresses and gateway router addresses DNS Short for Domain Name System or Service an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses Because domain names are alphabetic they re easier to remember The Internet however is really based on IP addresses Every time you use a domain name therefore a DNS service must translate the name into the corresponding IP address For example the domain name www example com might translate to 198 105 232 4 The DNS system is in fact its own network If one DNS server doesn t know how to translate a particular domain name it asks another one and so on until the correct IP address is returned Domain Name A descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the Internet Domain names are of the form of a registered entity name plus one of a number of predefined top level suffixes such as com edu uk etc For example in the address mail NETGEAR com mail is a server name and NETGEAR com is the domain DSL Short for digital subscriber line but is commonly used in reference to the asymmetric version of this technology ADSL that allows data to be sent over existing copper telephone lines at data rates of from 1 5 to 9 Mbps when receiving data known as the downstream rate and from 16 to 640 Kbps when sending data known as the upstream rate 2 Glossary August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U
11. Table 3 3 LED Descriptions LED 1 LED 2 below the below the word word NETGEAR NETGEAR on the left on the right Slow blink OFF Power save mode default from power up or reset Alternate Alternate Looking for network association blink blink Power LED goes ON Network LED is OFF then Power LED goes OFF and Network LED goes ON Slow blink Slow blink Associated or joined with network no activity Fast blink Fast blink Associated or joined with network blink rate increases with activity on the network over the air or locally on the network OFF OFF No power applied to the card 3 12 Basic Setup August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Interpreting System Tray Icon Colors The System Tray SysTray resides on one end of the taskbar in the Microsoft Windows desktop Color Condition Description Red The wireless PC Card has The wireless PC Card is not able to link to any other no connection to any wireless node or the link is lost Check your a other wireless node configuration or try moving to a location where the wireless signal quality is better Yellow The wireless PC Card has The wireless link is weak You may deed to move to a a connection with another better spot such as closer to the wireless access point F wireless node Also look for possible interference such as a 2 4 GHz cordless phone or large metal surface Green The wireless PC Card has
12. There are two shared key methods implemented in most commercially available products 64 bit and 128 bit WEP data encryption Before enabling WEP on an 802 11 network you must first consider what type of encryption you require and the key size you want to use Typically there are three WEP Encryption options available for 802 11 products 1 Does Not Use WEP The 802 11 network does not encrypt data For authentication purposes the network uses Open System Authentication 2 Uses WEP for Encryption A transmitting device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the network uses Open System Authentication 3 Uses WEP for Authentication and Encryption A transmitting device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the network uses Shared Key Authentication B 10 Wireless Networking Basics August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Note Some 802 11 access points also support Use WEP for Authentication Only Shared Key Authentication without data encryption However the WG511U does not offer this option 802 1x Port Based Network Access Control Securing any kind of network involves allowing authorized parties to
13. e 64 bit WEP data encryption e 128 bit WEP data encryption Note Larger encryption keys require more processing and may slow the communications response times and consume more notebook PC battery power c Select the Key number The Key setting must match what is set in wireless network d Click Apply for the changes to take effect In the status area at the bottom of the screen you will notice the security lock icon change from open and red to closed and yellow 4 Save your settings in a Profile a Type a descriptive name in the Profiles field b Click Save Profile All the configuration settings are saved in this profile c Click Apply and click Close to exit the configuration utility Using WPA PSK Advanced Security You can have very strong security on your wireless connection by enabling WPA PSK For more information on wireless security see Wireless Networking Overview on page B 1 Basic Requirements for WPA PSK WPA PSK requires these elements 1 A WPA PSK enabled wireless adapter with WPA client software such as the WG511U 2 A WPA PSK enabled wireless access point or router with built in WPA enabled access point Fill in the worksheet and use the procedure below to configure WPA PSK settings Wireless Security Configuration 5 5 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U WPA PSK Security Settings Worksheet Print this form fill in the confi
14. e WPA Encryption Key Management Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP Michael message integrity code MIC AES Support Support for a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients These features are discussed below WPA addresses most of the known WEP vulnerabilities and is primarily intended for wireless infrastructure networks as found in the enterprise This infrastructure includes stations access points and authentication servers typically RADIUS servers The RADIUS server holds or has access to user credentials e g user names and passwords and authenticates wireless users before they gain access to the network Wireless Networking Basics B 15 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Wired Network with Optional Wireless Network WPA 802 1x Port Based Network Access Control TCP IP WPA WPA enabled Ports Closed Optional enabled Access Point Until RADIUS Server Certificate wireless lt q1 _p using iag a pee client with pre shared key oa in supplicant or TCP IP Authentication aa 802 1x EAP Ports Opened eriSign After etc Authenticated Figure B 5 WPA Overview The strength WPA comes from an integrated sequence of operations that encompass 802 1X EAP authentication and sophisticated key management and encryption techniques Its major operations include Network security capabili
15. s EN Computer to computer 4d Hoc v _rticte aaHoe NETGEAR 00 09 58 D3 40 4D Cancel Figure 4 2 Settings page 2 Configure the wireless network settings a Inthe Network Type section be sure that Infrastructure is selected b Enter the SSID This is also called the Wireless Network Name Note You will not get a wireless network connection unless the network SSID matches exactly what is configured in the access point Tip You can click the Network tab or use the Network Name drop down list to view a list of the available wireless networks and their SSIDs at the location where you are 3 Save your settings in a Profile a Type a descriptive name for the Profile in the Profiles field Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard 4 3 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U b Click Save Profile All the configuration settings are saved in this profile c Click Apply d Click Close to exit the configuration utility or Cancel to return to the previous settings 4 Verify wireless connectivity to your network Verify connectivity by using a browser such as Netscape or Internet Explorer to connect to the Internet or check for file and printer access on your network You can check the status bar in the configuration utility for the current connection status Note If you cannot connect see the Troubleshooting on page 3 14 Also for problems with accessing
16. 2 10 Wi Fi 1 7 Windows configuring for IP routing 1 6 winipefg utility 5 Wired Equivalent Privacy See WEP Wireless Ethernet 1 wireless network name 3
17. August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U B 22 Wireless Networking Basics August 2004 Appendix C Preparing Your PCs for Network Access This appendix describes how to prepare your PCs to connect to the Internet through the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG5110U For adding file and print sharing to your network please consult the Windows help information included with the version of Windows installed on each computer on your network Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking Computers access the Internet using a protocol called TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Each computer on your network must have TCP IP installed and selected as its networking protocol If a Network Interface Card NIC is already installed in your PC then TCP IP is probably already installed as well Most operating systems includes the software components you need for networking with TCP IP Windows 95 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP IP network In your TCP IP network each PC and the wireless access point must be assigned a unique IP addresses Each PC must also have certain other TCP IP configuration information such as a subnet mask netmask a domain name server DNS address and a default gateway address In most cases you should install TCP IP so that the PC obtains its specific network configuration inf
18. Client 3 Client encrypts attempting challenge text and gt to connect sends it back to AP Servers 4 AP decrypts and if correct lt _ authenticates client 5 Client connects to network gt Figure B 3 802 11 shared key authentication The following steps occur when two devices use Shared Key Authentication 1 The station sends an authentication request to the access point DP i INTERNET B 8 August 2004 Wireless Networking Basics User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 2 The access point sends challenge text to the station 3 The station uses its configured 64 bit or 128 bit default key to encrypt the challenge text and sends the encrypted text to the access point 4 The access point decrypts the encrypted text using its configured WEP Key that corresponds to the station s default key The access point compares the decrypted text with the original challenge text If the decrypted text matches the original challenge text then the access point and the station share the same WEP Key and the access point authenticates the station 5 The station connects to the network If the decrypted text does not match the original challenge text i e the access point and station do not share the same WEP Key then the access point will refuse to authenticate the station and the station will be unable to
19. and automated data encryption key management e Cisco LEAP Light Extensible Authentication Protocol LEAP is a proprietary 802 1x EAP method developed by Cisco for use on wireless networks that use Cisco 802 11 wireless devices It features dynamic per user per session WEP keys These security technologies are discussed below WEP Overview The absence of a physical connection between nodes makes the wireless links vulnerable to eavesdropping and information theft To provide a certain level of security the IEEE 802 11 standard has defined two types of authentication methods Open System and Shared Key With Open System authentication a wireless PC can join any network and receive any messages that are not encrypted With Shared Key authentication only those PCs that possess the correct authentication key can join the network By default IEEE 802 11 wireless devices operate in an Open System network Recently Wi Fi the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance Attp www wi fi net developed the Wi Fi Protected Access WPA a new strongly enhanced Wi Fi security WPA will soon be incorporated into the IEEE 802 11 standard WEP and WPA are discussed below WEP Authentication An access point must authenticate a station before the station can associate with the access point or communicate with the network The IEEE 802 11 standard defines two types of WEP authentication Open System and Shared Key e Open System Authentication allo
20. bit CardBus WG511U 2 Type winipcfg and then click OK The IP Configuration window opens which lists among other things your IP address subnet mask and default gateway 3 From the drop down box select your Ethernet adapter The window is updated to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 Configuring Windows 2000 or XP for TCP IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you may need to install and configure TCP IP on each networked PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Install or Verify Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network and Dialup Connections icon 3 Ifan Ethernet adapter is present in your PC you should see an entry for Local Area Connection Double click that entry 4 Select Properties 5 Verify that Client for Microsoft Networks and Internet Protocol TCP IP are present If not select Install and add them 6 Select Internet Protocol TCP IP click Properties and
21. communicate with either the 802 11 network or Ethernet network WEP Keys The IEEE 802 11 standard supports two types of WEP encryption 64 bit and 128 bit 128 bit encryption is stronger than 64 bit encryption but 128 bit encryption may not be available outside of the United States due to U S export regulations e 64 bit WEP The 64 bit WEP data encryption method allows for a five character 40 bit input Additionally 24 factory set bits are added to the forty bit input to generate a 64 bit encryption key The 24 factory set bits are not user configurable This encryption key will be used to encrypt decrypt all data transmitted via the wireless interface Some vendors refer to the 64 bit WEP data encryption as 40 bit WEP data encryption since the user configurable portion of the encryption key is 40 bits wide When configured for 64 bit encryption 802 11 products typically support up to four WEP Keys Each 64 bit WEP Key is expressed as 5 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For example 12 34 56 78 90 is a 40 bit WEP Key e 128 bit WEP The 128 bit WEP data encryption method consists of 104 user configurable bits Similar to the forty bit WEP data encryption method the remaining 24 bits are factory set and not user configurable Some vendors allow passphrases to be entered instead of the cryptic hexadecimal characters to ease encryption key entry Wireless Networking Basics B 9 August 2004 User s Manual for
22. done and if prompted restart your computer j waana cess Diyar am Congestion tic View Manual and Tutorials Install Adobe Acrobat Visit www netgear com WG511U Resource CD The InstallShield Wizard will install Wireless lapter Device Driver and Configuration Utility on your computer To continue click Next InstallShield Wizard 3 8 Basic Setup August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Welcome to the Found New Hardware Wizard This wizard helps you install software for Insert the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps NETGEAR Dual Band Wireless PC Card Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U If your hardware came with an installation CD or floppy disk insert it now a Locate an available CardBus slot on the side of your notebook Hold the PC Card ee with the NETFGE AR lo go facing up and O Install from a list or specific location Advanced insert it into the CardBus slot Cek Netto contin After a short delay the Found New Mardyare Wizard displays Found New Hardware Wizard b Follow the Found New Hardware Wizard steps click Finish when done and if prompted restart your computer Note If Windows warns about a Digital Signature Not Found click Yes to continue c Next you will be prompted to choose the country where you are located Select your location from the list You should see the WG511U system tray icon on the ri
23. due to spread spectrum effect of the signals a node sending signals using a particular channel will utilize frequency spectrum 12 5 MHz above and below the center channel frequency As a result two separate wireless networks using neighboring channels for example channel and channel 2 in the same general vicinity will interfere with each other Applying two channels that allow the maximum channel separation will decrease the amount of channel cross talk and provide a noticeable performance increase over networks with minimal channel separation The wireless frequencies used by 802 11a and 802 11b g networks are different These channel frequency options are discussed below B 2 Wireless Networking Basics August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 802 11b g Wireless Channels IEEE 802 11b g wireless nodes communicate with each other using radio frequency signals in the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical band between 2 4 GHz and 2 5 GHz Neighboring channels are 5 MHz apart However due to spread spectrum effect of the signals a node sending signals using a particular channel will utilize frequency spectrum 12 5 MHz above and below the center channel frequency As a result two separate wireless networks using neighboring channels for example channel and channel 2 in the same general vicinity will interfere with each other Applying two channels that allow the maxi
24. it and right click your mouse button e Ifthe icon is not on the desktop e Click Start on the task bar located at the bottom left of the window e Choose Settings and then Control Panel e Locate the Network Neighborhood icon and click on it This will open the Network panel as shown below Preparing Your PCs for Network Access C 3 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Verify the following settings as shown e Client for Microsoft Network exists e Ethernet adapter is present e TCP IP is present e Primary Network Logon is set to Windows logon Click on the Properties button The following TCP IP Properties window will display Ce Configuration Identification Access Control The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks NETGEAR MA101 USB Adapter TCP IP Properties Primary Network Logon Client for Microsoft Networks Eile and Print Sharing Description Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U By default the IP Address tab is open on this window e Verify the following Obtain an IP address automatically is selected If not selected click in the radio button to the left of it to select it This setting is required to enable the D
25. network resources the Windows Client and File and Print Sharing software might not be installed and configured properly on your computers Please refer to Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking on page C 1 Connecting to Another PC in Ad hoc Mode ee Q Figure 4 3 NETGEAR WG511U Wireless PC Card in Computer to Computer Mode The Ad Hoc mode is an 802 11 networking framework in which devices or computers communicate directly with each other without the use of an access point For example this mode is used when two Windows computers are configured with file and print sharing enabled and you want to exchange files directly between them 4 4 Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U How to Configure an Ad hoc Mode Network Note Ad hoc mode will not work using DHCP settings Ad hoc mode requires static IP addresses such as 192 168 0 1 For instructions on setting up static IP addresses on a Windows PC refer to the PC Networking Tutorial included on the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Resource CD Follow the instructions below to configure an Ad hoc mode network 1 Configure the PC network settings a Configure each PC with a static IP address Note For instructions on configuring static IP addresses refer to the networking tutorial on your NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card
26. offers the following benefits Enhanced data privacy e Robust key management e Data origin authentication e Data integrity protection Starting August of 2003 all new Wi Fi certified products had to support WPA NETGEAR has implemented WPA on its client and access point products Existing Wi Fi certified products had until August of 2004 to add WPA support or they would loose their Wi Fi certification While the new IEEE 802 111 standard is being ratified wireless vendors have agreed on WPA as an interoperable interim standard How Does WPA Compare to WEP WEP is a data encryption method and is not intended as a user authentication mechanism WPA user authentication is implemented using 802 1x and the Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP Support for 802 1x authentication is required in WPA In the 802 11 standard 802 1x authentication was optional For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 With 802 11 WEP all access points and client wireless adapters on a particular wireless LAN must use the same encryption key A major problem with the 802 11 standard is that the keys are cumbersome to change If you don t update the WEP keys often an unauthorized person with a sniffing tool can monitor your network for less than a day and decode the encrypted messages Products based on the 802 11 standard alone offer system administrators no effective method to update the keys B 14 Wireless Networking Basics August
27. process for resolving Windows based computer names to IP addresses If a remote network contains a WINS server your Windows PCs can gather information from that WINS server about its local hosts This allows your PCs to browse that remote network using the Windows Network Neighborhood feature WINS WINS Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Windows based computer names to IP addresses Wireless Network Name SSID Wireless Network Name SSID is the name assigned to a wireless network This is the same as the SSID or ESSID configuration parameter WPA Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a specification of standards based interoperable security enhancements that increase the level of data protection and access control for existing and future wireless LAN systems WPA PSK For environments without a RADIUS infrastructure the WPA PSK option supports the use of a pre shared key Glossary 7 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 8 Glossary August 2004 Numerics 802 11b 1 A ad hoc mode 2 B BSSID 2 E ESSID 2 F features 1 infrastructure mode 2 IP networking for Windows 1 6 L LEDs description 7 11 12 O Open System authentication 7 P passphrase 2 R RTS Threshold 4 5 7 S Shared Key authentication 7 SSID 3 2 Index Index T TCP IP properties verifying for Windows 5 W WEP
28. the client devices The wireless access point acts as a pass through for 802 1x messages As a result you can update the EAP authentication type as newer types become available and your requirements for security change 802 1x is well on its way to becoming an industry standard and provides an effective wired and wireless LAN security solution Windows XP implements 802 1x natively and the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U supports 802 1x The 802 111 committee is specifying the use of 802 1x to eventually become part of the 802 11 standard WPA Wireless Security Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a specification of standards based interoperable security enhancements that increase the level of data protection and access control for existing and future wireless LAN systems Wireless Networking Basics B 13 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U The IEEE introduced the WEP as an optional security measure to secure 802 11 Wi Fi WLANs but inherent weaknesses in the standard soon became obvious In response to this situation the Wi Fi Alliance announced a new security architecture that remedies the short comings of WEP This standard formerly known as Safe Secure Network SSN is designed to work with existing 802 11 products and offers forward compatibility with 802 111 the new wireless security architecture being defined in the IEEE WPA
29. 0 Me 98 46g 1 6 oz Operating Environment Encryption Operating temperature 0 to 55 degree C 64 bit and 128 bit WEP data encryption WPA PSK Warranty Limited 1 year warranty Technical Specifications August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U A 2 Technical Specifications August 2004 Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics This chapter provides an overview of wireless networking and security Wireless Networking Overview The WG511U Wireless PC Card conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 11b standard for wireless LANs WLANs and a product update will bring the WG511U into conformance to the 802 11g standard when it is ratified On an 802 11b or g wireless link data is encoded using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz The maximum data rate for the 802 11b wireless link is 11 Mbps but it will automatically back down from 11 Mbps to 5 5 2 and 1 Mbps when the radio signal is weak or when interference is detected The 802 11 g auto rate sensing rates are 1 2 5 5 6 9 11 12 18 24 36 48 and 54 Mbps Likewise the 802 11a wireless link offers a maximum data rate of 54 Mbps but will automatically back down to rates 48 36 24 18 12 9 and 6 Mbps The 802 11 standard is also called Wireless Ethernet or Wi Fi by
30. 004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Independent Clear Channels 5 150 518 5200 5220 5240 5260 528 5300 5320 MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz There are eight independem clarr channels in the lazer 200 MHz of the 3 GHz spectrum Subchannels 52 carriers per channel LAKAAAAAAAAAAAAAARAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD COAN 20 MHz single channel detail Each channel is subdivided into 52 subchannel cach about 300 KHz wile Figure B 1 IEEE 802 11a Channel Allocations The WG511U user can use thirteen channels in non turbo mode Table B 3 802 11a Turbo Mode Off Radio Frequency Channels Turbo Mode OFF Channel Frequency 36 5 180 GHz 40 5 200 GHz 44 5 220 GHz 48 5 240 GHz 52 5 260 GHz 56 5 280 GHz 60 5 300 GHz 64 5 320 GHz 149 5 745 GHz 153 5 765 GHz 157 5 785 GHz 161 5 805 GHz 165 5 825 GHz Wireless Networking Basics B 5 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U The WG511U user can use five channels in turbo mode Turbo Mode ON Channel Frequency 42 5 21 GHz 50 5 25 GHz 58 5 29 GHz 152 5 76 GHz 160 5 8 GHz The available channels supported by the wireless products in various countries are different Wireless Security Overview Wireless technology is evolvi
31. 04 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U How to Configure WEP Encryption Security Follow the steps below to configure WEP Encryption Security 1 Run the WG511U Smart Wireless Wizard a Make sure the WG511U software is installed and the WG511U is fully inserted in your PC b Open the configuration utility by clicking on the WG511U icon En on the Windows desktop or in the system tray The Settings tab page opens 2 Configure the Network Name SSID settings Enter the SSID This is also called the Wireless Network Name Tip Click the Networks tab to view a list of the available wireless networks and their SSIDs 3 Configure the WEP settings a Select the WEP radio button Settings Networks Statistics About N E T G E A R Selected Adapter D4 Profiles New Profile v Network Name SSID z Advanced Settings Network Type o cop Access Point Infrastructure Enter Key Manually Computer to Computer Ad Hoc Keyl 128 Bit v Cancel Figure 5 1 WEP settings screen 5 4 Wireless Security Configuration August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U b Select how you will enter the Key and the key size The choices are e Create Key with Passphrase The characters are case sensitive e Enter Key Manually Select the encryption strength choices are
32. 2 bit CardBus WG511U Local Area Connection 3 Status PK General Support Now you should be at the Local Area kerais Network Connection Status window This Status Connected box displays the connection status Duration 02 55 48 oe sue Speed 11 0 Mbps duration speed and activity statistics e Full Administrator logon access rights are Activity needed to use this window Faves 7 x Packets 3 966 e Click the Properties button to view details about the connection Drabi Wireless Network Connection 2 Properties General Wireless Networks Advanced Connect using E9 NETGEAR M4401 Wireless PC Card 2 The TCP IP details are presented on the Support tab page This connection uses the following items e Select Internet Protocol and click M E File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks A z P o Sos Packet Scheduler Properties to view the configuration A 3 Intenet Protocol TCP IP information Install Uninstall Properties Description Allows your computer to access resources on a Microsoft network Show icon in notification area when connected C 8 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Verify that Obtain an IP address Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties Ue General Alternate Configuration You can get IP s
33. 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U For 802 11 WEP encryption is optional For WPA encryption using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP is required TKIP replaces WEP with a new encryption algorithm that is stronger than the WEP algorithm but that uses the calculation facilities present on existing wireless devices to perform encryption operations TKIP provides important data encryption enhancements including a per packet key mixing function a message integrity check MIC named Michael an extended initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism Through these enhancements TKIP addresses all of known WEP vulnerabilities How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802 111 WPA will be forward compatible with the IEEE 802 111 security specification currently under development WPA is a subset of the current 802 111 draft and uses certain pieces of the 802 111 draft that are ready to bring to market today such as 802 1x and TKIP The main pieces of the 802 111 draft that are not included in WPA are secure IBSS Ad Hoc mode secure fast handoff for specialized 802 11 VoIP phones as well as enhanced encryption protocols such as AES CCMP These features are either not yet ready for market or will require hardware upgrades to implement What are the Key Features of WPA Security The following security features are included in the WPA standard e WPA Authentication
34. 32 bit CardBus WG511U Resource CD b Restart the PCs 2 Run the WG511U Smart Wireless Wizard a Make sure the WG511U software is installed and the WG511U is fully inserted in an available CardBus slot in your PC b Open the configuration utility by clicking on the WG511U icon E7 on the Windows desktop or in the system tray The Settings tab page opens Settings Networks NETGEAR s Profiles N ew Profile x Network Name SSID ADhoc X Advanced Settings Network Type SSG 2 Access Point Infrastructure G Computer to Computer Ad Hoc Initiate Ad Hoc ADhoc Figure 4 4 Settings page Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard 4 5 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U c Select Computer to Computer Ad Hoc for the Network Type Enter the SSID for the Ad Hoc network d Click Initiate Ad Hoc The Ad Hoc Setting dialog box appears Ad Hoc Setting Start AdHoc 802 114 x Channel Automatic F Cancel Figure 4 5 Ad Hoc Setting page Inthe Start Ad Hoc field choose the wireless standard 802 11a 802 11b or 802 11g for your Ad Hoc computer to computer network Inthe Channel field Automatic should work If you notice interference problems with another nearby wireless device select a channel that is not being used by any other wireless networks near your wireless adapter Use the Networks tab page to identif
35. ADSL requires a special ADSL modem ADSL is growing in popularity as more areas around the world gain access Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP An Ethernet protocol specifying how a centralized DHCP server can assign network configuration information to multiple DHCP clients The assigned information includes IP addresses DNS addresses and gateway router addresses EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol is a general protocol for authentication that supports multiple authentication methods EAP an extension to PPP supports such authentication methods as token cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates public key authentication and smart cards In wireless communications using EAP a user requests connection to a WLAN through an AP which then requests the identity of the user and transmits that identity to an authentication server such as RADIUS The server asks the AP for proof of identity which the AP gets from the user and then sends back to the server to complete the authentication EAP is defined by RFC 2284 EAP TLS EAP TLS provides strong security through mutual authentication and automatic key exchange between the two endpoints Periodic updates are performed using public key cryptography through a certificate server and a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS server See TLS ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying the wir
36. Guidelines on NETGEAR Double introduction page 3 2 108 Mbps i Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U with the settings from step 1 Introduction 2 3 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Table 2 1 If Want To Protect my wireless connection from snooping hacking or information theft What s Needed 1 A wireless network with authentication and encryption enabled 2 Wireless networking equipment that supports encryption such as the WG511U and all NETGEAR wireless networking products What Do I Do A Road Map for How to Get There From Here Assure that the wireless network has security features enabled Configure my WG511U with the security settings of the wireless network Use Windows security features Note Secure Internet sites such as banks and online merchants use encryption security built into browsers like Internet Explorer and Netscape Any wireless networking security features you might implement are in addition to those already in place on secure Internet sites How Do I To learn about wireless networking security see Wireless Networking Overview on page B 1 To understand WEP security features see WEP Overview on page B 7 To understand WPA security features see WPA Wireless Security on page B 13 Connect to the Anactive In
37. HCP server to automatically assign an IP address e Click OK to continue Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Bindings Advanced Newios DNS Configuration Gateway WINS Configuration IP Address TCP IP Properties An IP address can be automatically assigned to this computer If your network does not automatically assign IP addresses ask your network administrator for an address and then type itin the space below Specify an IP address iP Address Cancel Selecting Windows Internet Access Method 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel Double click the Internet Options icon 3 Select I want to set up my Internet connection manually or I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next 4 Select I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next Din Proceed to the end of the Wizard Verifying TCP IP Properties Uncheck all boxes in the LAN Internet Configuration screen and click Next After your PC is configured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration using the utility winipcfg exe 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run Preparing Your PCs for Network Access C 5 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32
38. U configuration utility The Windows XP gt wireless configuration utility must deselected Check if this is so by viewing the Properties of the Network Connections for the WG511U Click the Wireless Networks tab and clear the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings check box Understanding the Security Options For a full discussion of wireless security technologies please see Wireless Security Overview on page B 6 The WG511U configuration utility provides the following security options e WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy is an existing widely implemented and supported data encryption protocol for 802 11 wireless networks All wireless nodes on the network are configured with a static 64 bit or 128 bit Shared Key for data encryption but authentication is optional e WPA PSK WPA Pre Shared Key WPA PSK performs authentication and strong data encryption that includes dynamic key generation based on a pre shared key WPA PSK does not need RADIUS or certificate servers When you use the WG511U configuration utility to configure these security options you can save your settings in a profile For example if you use WPA PSK at work but WEP at home you can have work and home profiles that make it easy to switch from one environment to the other For more information on configuring profiles see Using Configuration Profiles on page 4 1 Wireless Security Configuration 5 1 August 2004 User s Manual f
39. What Do Do How Do I The notebook computer am using to connect to the wireless network needs to be configured with the Windows Client and File and Print Sharing 2 The notebook computer am using to connect to the wireless network needs to be configured with the same Windows Workgroup Use the Windows Network Neighborhood feature to browse for computers in the combined wireless and wired network Browse the hard drive of the target computer in the network in order to For assistance with Windows networking software see Appendix Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking for configuration scenarios or refer to the Help system included with your version of Windows Windows Domain settings are usually managed by corporate computer support groups Windows Workgroup settings wired or Domain settings as the other Windows computers locate the are commonly managed by network in the combined wireless directory or files individuals who want to set up and wired network you want to work small networks in their homes or 3 Any Windows networking with small offices security access rights such Use the Windows For assistance with setting up as login user name Explorer copy and Windows networking refer to the password that have been paste functions to PC Networking Tutorial on the assigned in the Windows exchange files NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps network or fo
40. Worksheet How to Configure WEP Encryption Security SSRI Using WPA PSK Advanced SQCurity oousasascsnasanineiinioiiiiidiian BAO Basic Requirements for WPA PSK EEE EAE ANAE AANEEN TRE E AEN TAI te WPA PSK Security Settings Worksheet cccecceeceeeeneeseeeeeesereeaeserseaettessaaeserees DG How to Configure WPA PSK Advanced Security ccececeseeeseeeeeeteseeeertteeteees D 6 Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B Wireless T Basics Ad Hgt Mad Peer to P Peer Workgroup PPE EE IEEE A AE E E Network Name Extended Service Set Identification ESSID EEE ATE R ewe EE D E A E iG OO 802 11a ataede a ales and Wireless Channels ereeeee BA Wireless Security OVErViEW cisciccisierescsaiciasts anihissssanichvaciaisativenmriedslok eda eine BO WEP OVI snosi a aa aaa EON WEP Authentication WEP Keys jii EE EE E E How to Use WEP Parameters 0 ccccccccsceccsesesstsseeceeesstssesssseestssssssesesseses B 10 e 1x wi Based dobni Access Control 2 Contents August 2004 How Does WPA Compare to WEP c00008 eee B 14 How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802 1117 E E EE rer EE eer ere ee meres og What are the Key Features of WPA Security 0 0 ccccecccceeeteeeseteeeeteeteeeeeees B 15 WPA Data Encryption Key Management cccccceeseeeseceeceeeeeteteeeeeeteeeetesteeees B 19 IS WPA Perfeti sccccsshecsactdnsnecansasancesaananternaisasiaenscesadana
41. XP wireless configuration utility must be deselected To deselect the Windows XP wireless configuration utility open the network connections from the system tray icon click the Properties button click the Wireless Networks tab and then clear the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings check box Understanding the Configuration Options The WG511U configuration utility provides a complete and easy to use set of tools to e Configure wireless settings e Monitor wireless network connections e Save your settings in configuration profiles The section below introduces these capabilities of the configuration utility Using Configuration Profiles The WG511U configuration utility uses profiles to store all the configuration settings for a particular wireless network You can store multiple profiles and recall the one which matches the network you want to join Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard 4 1 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U For example if you use your notebook PC to connect to a wireless network in an office and a wireless network in your home you can create a profile for each wireless network Then you can easily load the profile that has all the configuration settings you need to join the network you are using at the time There are two types of wireless network connections you can configure Infrastructure Mode uses t
42. a 32 bit integrity check value ICV that is appended to the 802 11 payload and encrypted with WEP Although the ICV is encrypted you can use cryptanalysis to change bits in the encrypted payload and update the encrypted ICV without being detected by the receiver With WPA a method known as Michael specifies a new algorithm that calculates an 8 byte message integrity code MIC using the calculation facilities available on existing wireless devices The MIC is placed between the data portion of the IEEE 802 11 frame and the 4 byte ICV The MIC field is encrypted together with the frame data and the ICV Michael also provides replay protection A new frame counter in the IEEE 802 11 frame is used to prevent replay attacks e AES Support One of the encryption methods supported by WPA beside TKIP is the advanced encryption standard AES although AES support will not be required initially for Wi Fi certification This is viewed as the optimal choice for security conscience organizations but the problem with AES is that it requires a fundamental redesign of the NIC s hardware in both the station and the access point TKIP was a pragmatic compromise that allows organizations to deploy better security while AES capable equipment is being designed manufactured and incrementally deployed Is WPA Perfect WPA is not without its vulnerabilities Specifically it is susceptible to denial of service DoS attacks If the access point receives two data
43. access traffic and networked resources e g servers hosts while blocking outsiders One essential ingredient in this recipe permitting or denying physical attachment to the underlying communications medium In Ethernet LANs this has long been accomplished by disabling unused RJ 45 jacks and controlling access to Ethernet switch ports according to the Media Access Control MAC addresses of the attached device Early wireless LANs followed suit by using access control lists ACLs to permit associations by known MAC addresses while rejecting all others MAC ACLs are quite easy to understand and configure However ACLs become difficult to manage in large dynamic networks and are easily circumvented by network interface cards NICs with programmable addresses The LAN Port Access Control framework defined by the IEEE 802 1X standard addresses these needs With 802 11 WEP all wireless access points and client wireless adapters on a particular wireless LAN must use the same encryption key Each sending station encrypts data with a WEP key before transmission and the receiving station decrypts it using an identical key This process reduces the risk of someone passively monitoring the transmission and gaining access to the data transmitted over the wireless connections However a major problem with the 802 11 wireless standard is that the keys are cumbersome to change If you don t update the WEP keys often an unauthorized person with a sniffin
44. ant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following methods e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver e Connect the equipment into an electrical outlet on a circuit different from that which the radio receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help August 2004 NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Tested to Comply with FCC Standards FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE Modifications made to the product unless expressly approved byNETGEAR Inc could void the user s right to operate the equipment Export Restrictions This product or software contains encryption code which may not be exported or transferred from the US or Canada without an approved US Department of Commerce export license Europe EU Dec
45. ation This mode enables you to quickly set up a small wireless workgroup and allows workgroup members to exchange data or share printers as supported by Microsoft networking in the various Windows operating systems Some vendors also refer to ad hoc networking as peer to peer group networking In this configuration network packets are directly sent and received by the intended transmitting and receiving stations As long as the stations are within range of one another this is the easiest and least expensive way to set up a wireless network Network Name Extended Service Set Identification ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is one of two types of Service Set Identification SSID In an ad hoc wireless network with no access points the Basic Service Set Identification BSSID is used In an infrastructure wireless network that includes an access point the ESSID is used but may still be referred to as SSID An SSID is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying the name of the wireless local area network Some vendors refer to the SSID as network name For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other all devices must be configured with the same SSID Wireless Channels IEEE 802 11g b wireless nodes communicate with each other using radio frequency signals in the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical band between 2 4 GHz and 2 5 GHz Neighboring channels are 5 MHz apart However
46. central authentication server which employs mutual authentication so that a rogue wireless user does not join the network It s important to note that 802 1x doesn t provide the actual authentication mechanisms When using 802 1x the EAP type such as Transport Layer Security EAP TLS or EAP Tunneled Transport Layer Security EAP TTLS defines how the authentication takes place B 18 Wireless Networking Basics August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Note For environments with a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS infrastructure WPA supports Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP For environments without a RADIUS infrastructure WPA supports the use of a preshared key Together these technologies provide a framework for strong user authentication WPA Data Encryption Key Management With 802 1x the rekeying of unicast encryption keys is optional Additionally 802 11 and 802 1x provide no mechanism to change the global encryption key used for multicast and broadcast traffic With WPA rekeying of both unicast and global encryption keys is required For the unicast encryption key the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP changes the key for every frame and the change is synchronized between the wireless client and the wireless access point AP For the global encryption key WPA includes a facility the Information Element for the wireless AP to a
47. d PEAP can check LAN access requests with Windows Domain Controllers Active Directories and other existing user databases From a sniffing perspective these options are just as strong as EAP TLS However user passwords are still more likely to be guessed shared or disclosed through social engineering than client side certificates RADIUS Short for Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS is an authentication system Using RADIUS you must enter your user name and password before gaining access to a network This information is passed to a RADIUS server which checks that the information is correct and then authorizes access Though not an official standard the RADIUS specification is maintained by a working group of the IETF router A device that forwards data between networks An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses Glossary 5 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Routing Information Protocol RIP A protocol in which routers periodically exchange information with one another so that they can determine minimum distance paths between sources and destinations router A device that forwards data between networks An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses SSID A Service Set Identification is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying a wireless local area network For the wirel
48. d and you want to exchange files directly between them Both of these configuration options are available with the WG511U Wireless PC Card Infrastructure configuration procedures for basic network connectivity are covered below Advanced infrastructure configuration procedures and ad hoc configuration are covered in Chapter 4 Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard of this manual 3 2 Basic Setup August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U WG511U Default Wireless Configuration Settings If this is a new wireless network installation use the factory default settings to set up the network and verify wireless connectivity If this is an addition to an existing wireless network you will need to identify the wireless configuration and security parameters already defined Your WG511U factory default basic settings are e Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR lig Note In order for the WG511U Wireless PC Card to communicate with a wireless access point or wireless adapter all devices must be configured with the same wireless network name SSID e Network Mode Infrastructure or Ad hoc Infrastructure e Data security WPA PSK encryption Enabled e Default WPA PSK passphrase NETGEAR ULTRA G The section below provides instructions for setting up the WG511U for basic wireless connectivity to an access point The procedures below provide step by step installation instructions fo
49. dBus WG511U ADSL Short for asymmetric digital subscriber line a technology that allows data to be sent over existing copper telephone lines at data rates of from 1 5 to 9 Mbps when receiving data known as the downstream rate and from 16 to 640 Kbps when sending data known as the upstream rate ADSL requires a special ADSL modem ADSL is growing in popularity as more areas around the world gain access CA A Certificate Authority is a trusted third party organization or company that issues digital certificates used to create digital signatures and public private key pairs Certificate Authority A Certificate Authority is a trusted third party organization or company that issues digital certificates used to create digital signatures and public private key pairs The role of the CA in this process is to guarantee that the individual granted the unique certificate is in fact who he or she claims to be Usually this means that the CA has an arrangement with a financial institution such as a credit card company which provides it with information to confirm an individual s claimed identity CAs are a critical component in data security and electronic commerce because they guarantee that the two parties exchanging information are really who they claim to be DHCP An Ethernet protocol specifying how a centralized DHCP server can assign network configuration information to multiple DHCP clients The assigned information includes IP addresses
50. dvertise the changed key to the connected wireless clients If configured to implement dynamic key exchange the 802 1x authentication server can return session keys to the access point along with the accept message The access point uses the session keys to build sign and encrypt an EAP key message that is sent to the client immediately after sending the success message The client can then use contents of the key message to define applicable encryption keys In typical 802 1x implementations the client can automatically change encryption keys as often as necessary to minimize the possibility of eavesdroppers having enough time to crack the key in current use e Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP WPA uses TKIP to provide important data encryption enhancements including a per packet key mixing function a message integrity check MIC named Michael an extended initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism TKIP also provides for the following The verification of the security configuration after the encryption keys are determined e The synchronized changing of the unicast encryption key for each frame e The determination of a unique starting unicast encryption key for each preshared key authentication e Michael Wireless Networking Basics B 19 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U With 802 11 and WEP data integrity is provided by
51. e PE E BSCE Product Support fot WPA IEEE EE AE AT EE gt Appendix C Preparing Your PCs for Network Access Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking sssessssssseresseesrsssssssssrsseesrrnnssseeense C 1 Configuring Windows 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking EE AE EE AEE C 1 Install or Verify Windows Networking Components pianoro EAEE C 1 Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP IP Settings in in Windows 98 kaidi Me C 3 ang Windows iaiia Access Method E E E A Golana Windows 2000 or XP for TCP IP Networkieg VEN AIA ETE AIEI ERTE C 6 Install or Verify Windows Networking Component ssesssssssssssrseeressrrssrrresrressreee C C DHCP Hirden of TUREI in iai XP or 2000 is DHCP Fonica ot TCP IP i in Windows 2000 eich EE A A E Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP or 2000 cccccecceseeeteesteseeeeteeees CF Glossary Last cots became senriske ies aia idoira Ml Index Contents August 2004 Contents August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Chapter 1 About This Manual Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U The WGS511U provides connection for multiple personal computers to the Internet through an external broadband access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem Audience Conventions Publication Date This reference manual assumes that the reader
52. e United States It is recommended that you start using channel and grow to use channel 6 and 11 when necessary as these three channels do not overlap 802 11a Legal Power Output and Wireless Channels IEEE 802 1 1a utilizes 300 MHz of bandwidth in the 5 GHz Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure U NII band Though the lower 200 MHz is physically contiguous the FCC has divided the total 300 MHz into three distinct domains each with a different legal maximum power output Below is a table of summary for different regulatory domains Table B 2 802 11a Radio Frequency Channels U NII Band Low Middle High Frequency GHz 5 15 5 25 5 25 5 35 5 725 5 825 Max Power Output 50 mW for US 250 mW for US e 1 W for US and Australia 200 mW for Canada 200 mW for Europe and 4 W for Canada Europe and Australia Australia 25 mW for Europe e 1 W for Canada Note Please check your local Authority for updated information on the available frequency and maximum power output IEEE 802 11a uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM a new encoding scheme that offers certain benefits over a spread spectrum in channel availability and data rate The 802 11a uses OFDM to define a total of 8 non overlapping 200 MHz channels across the 2 lower bands each of these is divided into 52 sub carriers and each carrier is approximately 300 KHz wide B 4 Wireless Networking Basics August 2
53. e top right of each page of the manual isa PDF of This Chapter link toa PDF file containing just the currently selected chapter of the manual 1 2 About This Manual August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U How to Print this Manual To print this manual you man choose one of the following several options according to your needs e Printing a How To Sequence of Steps in the HTML View Use the Print button E on the upper right of the toolbar to print the currently displayed topic Using this button when a step by step procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer you do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages e Printing a Chapter Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page Click PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page in the chapter you want to print The PDF version of the chapter you were viewing opens in a browser window Note Your computer must have the free Adobe Acrobat reader installed in order to view and print PDF files The Acrobat reader is available on the Adobe web site at http www adobe com Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper an printer ink by selecting this feature Printing the Full Manual Use the PDF button in the toolbar at the top ri
54. e versions of Windows may ask for the original Windows operating system installation files to complete the installation of the WG511U driver software Observing Location and Range Guidelines Computers can connect over wireless networks indoors at a range which vary significantly based on the physical location of the computer with the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U For best results avoid potential sources of interference such as e Large metal surfaces e Microwaves e 2 4 GHz Cordless phones In general wireless devices can communicate through walls However if the walls are constructed with concrete or have metal or metal mesh the effective range will decrease if such materials are between the devices Two Basic Operating Modes The WG511U Wireless PC Card can operate in the following two basic modes e Infrastructure Mode An 802 11 networking framework in which devices and computers communicate with each other by first going through an access point AP For example this mode is used when computers in a house connect to an Access Point that is attached to a router which lets multiple computers share a single Cable or DSL broadband Internet connection Ad Hoc Mode An 802 11 networking framework in which devices or computers communicate directly with each other without the use of an AP For example Ad Hoc Mode is used when two Windows computers are configured with file and print sharing enable
55. each other by first going through an Access Point AP In infrastructure mode wireless devices can communicate with each other or can communicate with a wired network When one AP is connected to wired network and a set of wireless stations it is referred to as a Basic Service Set BSS An Extended Service Set ESS is a set of two or more BSSs that form a single subnetwork Most corporate wireless LANs operate in infrastructure mode because they require access to the wired LAN in order to use services such as file servers or printers Internet Protocol The main internetworking protocol used in the Internet Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol TCP to form TCP IP IP See TCP IP IP Address A four byte number uniquely defining each host on the Internet usually written in dotted decimal notation with periods separating the bytes for example 134 177 244 57 Ranges of addresses are assigned by Internic an organization formed for this purpose ISP Internet service provider LAN A communications network serving users within a limited area such as one floor of a building local area network LAN A communications network serving users within a limited area such as one floor of a building A LAN typically connects multiple personal computers and shared network devices such as storage and printers Although many technologies exist to implement a LAN Ethernet is the most common for connecting personal computers
56. ect Normal or Max if you are running on battery power Preamble A long preamble may provide a more reliable connection or slightly longer range Transmit Power Lowering the output power level lets you reduce the chance of interference with other nearby access points but reduces the range of your adapter Wireless Mode Select the wireless protocols you will use You can choose from the available 802 11 wireless protocols Note that if the wireless network you are communicating with uses the Ultra G mode you must include that in your selection for example if you are using the WGS511U with the NETGEAR WG624U Wireless Firewall Router Fragmentation Threshold This is the maximum packet size used for fragmentation Packets larger than the size programmed in this field will be fragmented The Fragmentation Threshold value must be larger than the RTS CTS Threshold value RTS CTS Threshold The packet size that is used to determine whether to use the CSMA CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection mechanism or the CSMA CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance mechanism for packet transmission CSMA CD is slightly more efficient 4 8 Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard August 2004 Chapter 5 Wireless Security Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the security features of your NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U ama Note These instructions refer to the WG511
57. eed up to 108 Mbps access to your wireless network The WG511U provides e 802 11a Standards based wireless networking at up to 54 Mbps e 802 11b Standards based wireless networking at up to 11 Mbps e 802 11g Standards based wireless networking at up to 54 Mbps e WPA PSK pre shared key authentication without the overhead of RADIUS servers but with all of the strong security of WPA e 64 bit and 128 bit WEP encryption security WEP keys can be generated manually or by passphrase What s in the Box The product package should contain the following items e NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Installation Guide for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WGS511U e NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Resource CD including Driver and Configuration Utility Software User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WGS511U Animated Network Properties Configuration Tutorial PC Networking Tutorial e Warranty card Support information card If any of the parts are incorrect missing or damaged contact your NETGEAR dealer Keep the carton including the original packing materials in case you need to return the product for repair 2 2 Introduction August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U A Road Map for How to Get There From H
58. eet Because walls do not always block wireless signals others outside your immediate area could access your network It is important to take appropriate steps to secure your network from unauthorized access The NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U provides highly effective security features which are covered in Wireless Security Configuration on page 5 1 in this manual Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs What You Need Before You Begin You need to verify your computer meets the minimum system requirements and identify the wireless network configuration settings of the WLAN where you will connect before you can configure your wireless PC card and connect Verifying System Requirements Before installing the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U please make sure that these minimum requirements have been met e You must have a notebook PC with a Pentium 300 MHz or higher compatible processor with an available CardBus slot Note The WG511U requires a CardBus slot If you are not sure about what type of slot your computer has consult the documentation or manufacturer s web site for your computer e A CD ROM drive e 5 Mbytes of free hard disk space Basic Setup 3 1 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U e Windows XP Home Windows XP Professional 2000 Me 98SE or 98 e Som
59. eft on the right Slow blink OFF Power save mode default from power up or reset Alternate Alternate Looking for network association blink blink Power LED goes ON Network LED is OFF then Power LED goes OFF and Network LED goes ON Slow blink Slow blink Associated or joined with network no activity Fast blink Fast blink Associated or joined with network blink rate increases with activity on the network over the air or locally on the network c Verify connectivity to the Internet or network resources Note If you are unable to connect see troubleshooting tips in the Basic Installation section of the Reference Manual on the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WGS5ILU Resource CD Basic Setup 3 7 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U For Windows 2000 amp 98 Me Users Installing a WG511U Install the WG511U driver and configuration utility software g Note Windows 2000 may require you to be S i Install Driver and Utili logged on with administrator rights 4 ii cat View Installation Guide a Power on your notebook let the operating system boot up completely and log in as needed b Insert the Resource CD for the WG511U into your CD ROM drive The CD main ee page shown at the right will load c Click Install Driver and Utility d Follow the InstallShield Wizard steps click Finish when
60. eless local area network Gateway A local device usually a router that connects hosts on a local network to other networks IETF Internet Engineering Task Force Working groups of the IETF propose standard protocols and procedures for the Internet which are published as RFCs Request for Comment at www ietf org An open international community of network designers operators vendors and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet IP Internet Protocol is the main internetworking protocol used in the Internet Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol TCP to form TCP IP Glossary 3 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U IP Address A four byte number uniquely defining each host on the Internet usually written in dotted decimal notation with periods separating the bytes for example 134 177 244 57 Ranges of addresses are assigned by Internic an organization formed for this purpose IPX Short for Internetwork Packet Exchange a networking protocol used by the Novell NetWare operating systems Like UDP IP IPX is a datagram protocol used for connectionless communications Higher level protocols such as SPX and NCP are used for additional error recovery services ISP Internet service provider Infrastructure Mode An 802 11 networking framework in which devices communicate with
61. entication and cipher suite information contained in the information elements to decide which authentication method and cipher suite to use For example if the access point is using the Pre shared key method then the supplicant need not authenticate using full blown 802 1X Rather the supplicant must simply prove to the access point that it is in possession of the pre shared key If the supplicant detects that the service set does not contain a WPA information element then it knows it must use pre WPA 802 1X authentication and key management in order to access the network e Key management WPA features a robust key generation management system that integrates the authentication and data privacy functions Keys are generated after successful authentication and through a subsequent 4 way handshake between the station and Access Point AP Data Privacy Encryption Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP is used to wrap WEP in sophisticated cryptographic and security techniques to overcome most of its weaknesses e Data integrity TKIP includes a message integrity code MIC at the end of each plaintext message to ensure messages are not being spoofed Client with a WPA enabled For example a For example a wireless adapter and WPA enabled AP RADIUS server supplicant A QU Supplicant Authentic ator Authenticating Server pratense Identity gt Identity Request Credentials gt Request Credentials
62. er e g RADIUS 4 The authentication server uses a specific authentication algorithm to verify the client s identity This could be through the use of digital certificates or some other EAP authentication type 5 The authentication server will either send an accept or reject message to the access point 6 The access point sends an EAP success packet or reject packet to the client 7 Ifthe authentication server accepts the client then the access point will transition the client s port to an authorized state and forward additional traffic The important part to know at this point is that the software supporting the specific EAP type resides on the authentication server and within the operating system or application supplicant software on the client devices The access point acts as a pass through for 802 1x messages which means that you can specify any EAP type without needing to upgrade an 802 1x compliant access point As a result you can update the EAP authentication type to such devices as token cards Smart Cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public key authentication or as newer types become available and your requirements for security change IEEE 802 1x offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as providing a vehicle for dynamically varying data encryption keys via EAP from a RADIUS server for example This framework enables using a
63. ere The introduction and adoption of any new technology can be a difficult process Wireless technology has removed one of the barriers to networking running wires It allows more people to try networking while at the same time exposes them to the inherent complexity of networking General networking concepts setup and maintenance can be difficult to understand In addition wireless technology adds issues such as range interference signal quality and security to the picture To help overcome potential barriers to successfully using wireless networks the table below identifies how to accomplish such things as connecting to a wireless network assuring appropriate security measures are taken browsing the Internet through your wireless connection exchanging files with other computers and using printers in the combined wireless and wired network Table 2 1 A Road Map for How to Get There From Here If Want To What s Needed What Do Do How Do I a toa 1 Awireless network 1 Identify the Mee nt U see i wireless ae wireless network apter 3 Basic Setup an network 2 ees i a ia name SSID and follow the instructions provided wireless network For if used the To bout wirel guidelines about the range wireless security sr 9u ae of wireless networks see settings c a ing tec NOOY oee ppendix Wireless Networking Observing Location and 2 Setup the Overview for a general Range
64. ess devices in a network to communicate with each other all devices must be configured with the same SSID This is typically the configuration parameter for a wireless PC card It corresponds to the ESSID in the wireless Access Point and to the wireless network name See also Wireless Network Name and ESSID Subnet Mask A mask used to determine what subnet an IP address belongs to Subnetting enables a network administrator to further divide an IP address into two or more subnets TCP IP The main internetworking protocols used in the Internet The Internet Protocol IP used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol TCP form TCP IP TLS Short for Transport Layer Security a protocol that guarantees privacy and data integrity between client server applications communicating over the Internet The TLS protocol is made up of two layers e The TLS Record Protocol layered on top of a reliable transport protocol such as TCP it ensures that the connection is private by using symmetric data encryption and it ensures that the connection is reliable The TLS Record Protocol also is used for encapsulation of higher level protocols such as the TLS Handshake Protocol e The TLS Handshake Protocol allows authentication between the server and client and the negotiation of an encryption algorithm and cryptographic keys before the application protocol transmits or receives any data TLS is application protocol independent Higher level prot
65. ettings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings automatically radio button is selected and that the Obtain DNS server address O Cen an E oken ematea Use the following IP address automatically radio button is selected e Click the OK button This completes the DHCP configuration in Obtain DNS server address automaticaly Windows XP Use the following DNS server addresses Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 2000 After you install a network card TCP IP for Windows 2000 is configured and set to DHCP without your having to configure it However if there are problems following the steps below to configure TCP IP with DHCP for Windows 2000 Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop This will bring up a window called Network and Dial up Connections e Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties Preparing Your PCs for Network Access C 9 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U i Local Area Connection Properties a 2 General i Zornect using The Local Area Connection Properties 89 NETGEAR MAIN USB Ada rm dialog box appears Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connec
66. g tool can monitor your network for less than a day and decode the encrypted messages In order to use different keys you must manually configure each access point and wireless adapter with new keys Products based on the 802 11 standard alone offer system administrators no effective method to update the keys This might not be too much of concern with a few users but the job of renewing keys on larger networks can be a monumental task As a result companies either don t use WEP at all or maintain the same keys for weeks months and even years Both cases significantly heighten the wireless LAN s vulnerability to eavesdroppers Wireless Networking Basics B 11 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U IEEE 802 1x offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as dynamically varying encryption keys 802 1x ties a protocol called EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol to both the wired and wireless LAN media and supports multiple authentication methods such as token cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public key authentication For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 8 r K S Supplicant Authenticator Authenticating Server 2pratiense Identity 5 Identity Fa Request Request Credentials Credentials y ji 4 Credentials Credentials gt gt uthentica
67. ght in the lower right portion of the Windows task bar and on woe511y System Tray Icon the Windows desktop Basic Setup 3 9 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Configure your WG511U and save the Profile a Click the icon on the Windows desktop or in the system tray to open the WG511U Smart Wireless Settings Utility The utility opens to the Settings tab page b For the Network Name SSID use the default of NETGEAR_11g or type an SSID for your network Tip As an alternative to typing in the SSID you can use the drop down list or the Networks tab to view the available wireless networks and choose the one you want c Click Apply to activate the connection The status monitor icons at the bottom of the utility will turn yellow indicating the connection is established and will also report the speed signal quality and if the security requirements are met d You can also enter a profile name and click Save Profile to store the current settings Tip If you use your desktop PC to connect to a wireless network at work and at home create profiles called work and home Then activate whichever one you need for wherever you are located e N E T G E A R Selected Adapter WG511U Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card v Profiles Click here to open the configuration utility WG511U system tray icon Networks Statistics
68. ght of the browser window Click the PDF button on the upper right of the toolbar The PDF version of the chapter you were viewing opens in a browser window Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper an printer ink by selecting this feature About This Manual 1 3 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 1 4 About This Manual August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Chapter 2 Introduction This chapter introduces the features package contents and a road map of typical applications for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U The WG511U gives you ultimate mobility in your office or while you are traveling It frees you from traditional Ethernet wiring and helps you create a wireless network for sharing your broadband Internet access in and around your home It is designed for notebook computers running Microsoft Windows It is 32 bit CardBus compatible and works in any available CardBus slot Its auto sensing capability allows high packet transfer at up to 108 Mbps for maximum throughput or dynamic range shifting to lower speeds due to distance or operating limitations in an environment with a lot of electromagnetic interference The WG511U provides reliable s
69. guration parameters and put it in a safe place for possible future reference For an existing wireless network the person who set up the network will be able to provide this information e Wireless Network Name SSID The Service Set Identification SSID identifies the wireless local area network Note Some wireless access points will not broadcast their SSID as a security feature In such a case you will need to get the SSID from the wireless network administrator Wireless network name SSID e Passphrase Pre Shared Key How to Configure WPA PSK Advanced Security Follow the steps below to configure WPA PSK Advanced Security 1 Run the WGS511U Smart Wireless Wizard a Make sure the WG511U software is installed and the WG511U is fully inserted in your PC b Open the configuration utility by clicking on the WG511U icon ap on the Windows desktop or in the system tray The Settings tab page opens 2 Configure the Network Name SSID settings Enter the SSID This is also called the Wireless Network Name Tip Click the Networks tab to view a list of the available wireless networks and their SSIDs 5 6 Wireless Security Configuration August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 3 Configure the WPA PSK settings a Under Security select the WPA PSK radio button Settings l Networks Statistics About N E T G E A R Selected Adapter WG511U Do
70. h Bw PC with this version of Windows on your network C 10 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP or 2000 To check your PC s TCP IP configuration 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run The Run window opens 2 Type cma and then click OK A command window opens 3 Type ipconfig all Your IP Configuration information will be listed and should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 4 Type exit Preparing Your PCs for Network Access C 11 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U C 12 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2004 Glossary List of Glossary Terms Use the list below to find definitions for technical terms used in this manual 10BASE T IEEE 802 3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring 100BASE Tx IEEE 802 3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring 802 1x 802 1x defines port based network access control used to provide authenticated network access and automated data encryption key manage
71. has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills However basic computer network Internet firewall and networking technology tutorial information is provided in the Appendices This guide uses the following typographical conventions Table 1 Typographical conventions italics Emphasis books CDs URL names bold User input fixed font Screen text file and server names extensions commands IP addresses This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages gt Note This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest This manual is written f according to these specifications Table 1 1 Firmware Version and Manual Publication Date Firmware Version Manual Publication Date August 2004 Note Product updates are available on the NETGEAR web site at gt www netgear com support main asp About This Manual 1 1 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U How to Navigate this Manual The HTML version of this manual includes a variety of navigation features as well as links to PDF versions of the full manual and individual chapters 1 Be index search e Chapter 1 About This Manual PDF of This Chapter Chapter 2 Introduction 4 Chapter 3 Basic Installation and Configur Observing Placement and Range Guid Cha pter 3 Default Factory Settings
72. he 802 11 infrastructure mode e Ad hoc Mode uses the 802 11 ad hoc mode For more information on 802 11 wireless network modes see Wireless Networking Overview on page B 1 of this manual Connecting to an Access Point in Infrastructure Mode Wireless Access Point Figure 4 1 WG511U Wireless PC Card connecting to a wireless access point This section provides instructions for configuring the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U to connect to a wireless access point 4 2 Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U How to Configure an Infrastructure Mode Profile Use these instructions to configure infrastructure mode profiles for connecting to access points 1 Run the WG511U Smart Wireless Wizard a Make sure the WG511U software is installed and the WG511U is fully inserted in an available CardBus slot in your PC b Open the configuration utility by clicking on the WG511U icon E7 on the Windows desktop or in the system tray The Settings tab page opens Networks Statistics About N E T G E A R Selected Adapter WG511U Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card v Profiles New Profile v Save Profile Del Network Name SSID T f Security NETGEAR_11g v C Disable C WEP WPA PSK Advanced Settings e Nativoik Tipe Passphrase NETGEAR ULTRA G 4Bit v oe Cph Access Point Infrastructure R
73. he wireless local area network For the access point and wireless nodes to communicate with each other all must be configured with the same SSID Note Some wireless access points will not broadcast their SSID as a security feature In such a case you will need to get the SSID from the wireless network administrator Wireless network name SSID e WEP Security Encryption Key The default WEP encryption key number is 1 and the default key size is 64 bits Note The key number as well as the key value used by all wireless nodes must be the same If yours is different you will not be able to connect WEP Encryption Key Size circle one 64 or 128 bits WEP Encryption Passphrase case sensitive if used A Passphrase is used to automatically generate the WEP hexadecimal numbers for the key If the wireless network Access Point uses a Passphrase you can also use that here Otherwise you will have to manually enter the hexadecimal numbers Note Not all wireless networks support the Passphrase method of key generation In such settings instead of Passphrase use the Enter Key Manually option WEP Hexadecimal Numbers not case sensitive 64 bit WEP enter 10 hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F 128 bit WEP enter 26 hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F Use the procedures below to configure WEP security settings in the WG511U Wireless Security Configuration 5 3 August 20
74. hed Note If you cannot connect see the Troubleshooting on page 3 14 Also for problems with accessing network resources the Windows Client and File and Print Sharing software might not be installed and configured properly on your computers Please refer to Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking on page C 1 What s on the Statistics Page The Statistics page provides real time and historical trend information on the data traffic and performance of your wireless adapter Transmit Receive Performance A real time graph identifying the total receive and transmit utilization as a percentage the total possible Total Receive Transmit Graph Identifies the trend of transmit receive data communications over time Transmit Statistics Identifies transmit megabits per second Mbps transmit packets per second Tx Packets s total transmitted packets and transmit errors Receive Statistics Identifies receive megabits per second Mbps receive packets per second Rx Packets s total received packets and received errors Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard 4 7 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Understanding the Advanced Settings Page The Advanced settings should not require adjustment Except for the power saving setting changing any of the settings incorrectly on this page could cause your wireless connection to fail Power Saving Sel
75. in settings as the network printer PC Networking Tutorial on th f g Tutorial on the other Windows computers from the notebook NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps in the combined wireless PC you are using Wi at ireless PC Card 32 bit and wired network to wirelessly CardBus WG511U Resource CD 3 Any Windows networking connect fo the and the Help information security access rights such Res provided in the Windows system as login user name 3 From the File you are using password that have been menu of an assigned in the Windows application such For assistance with setting up network must be provided as Microsoft Word printers in Windows refer to the when Windows prompts for use the Print Help and Support information such information Setup feature to that comes with the version of 4 If so called Windows peer direct your print the Windows operating systems networking is being used output to the you are using the printer needs to be printer in the enabled for sharing network 2 6 Introduction August 2004 Chapter 3 Basic Setup This chapter describes how to install your NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U and set up basic wireless connectivity on your Wireless Local Area Network WLAN Advanced wireless network configuration is covered in Chapter 4 Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard in this manual ama Note Indoors computers can easily connect to 802 11 wireless networks at distances of several hundred f
76. ins 3 12 Interpreting the LED on the WGSTIU sesticciirs scarcer cesses ssiivenvs casareneasenanndedeanneaies 3 12 Interpreting System Tray Ilcon Colors 2 0 cccceseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneneeeeseseneeseeesnnae 3 13 TESS SONNE E E E E E E A E T 3 14 Basie TID assis asstvsdssaanstesautasaoivadinssassseaasanstsnehsamtessiannasseqsualooasseas inagacsistaaemiesmerneniaes 3 14 Troubleshooting Frequently Asked Questions eect entree eee ettteeeeeeetnteeeeeteeee 3 15 Chapter 4 Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard Understanding the Configuration Options s cicisssisreiaincsztecssnedsbereiaressansaisnneaneessibeedepeiuadead 4 1 Using Coniguraton Profiles ccsasricssssncsiereeuniasduistsansadinesind ddd aaia aaa aS 4 1 Contents 1 August 2004 Connecting to an Access Point in Infrastructure Mode How to Configure an Infrastructure Mode Profile ccccecceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 473 Connecting to Another PC in Ad hoc Mode sisisissiisiiinuaiiniiianins iaiaeiaeiaa How to Configure an Ad hoc Mode Network c e ccccecceeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeetaeteteeee AD What s on the Statistics Page ccccesessteeeeeenees EA erect E T EE Understanding the Advanced Settings os E PEIE EAE EAA E Ea Chapter 5 Wireless Security Configuration Understanding the Security OptONS wistcsissiessteniasissiiiernseiiieriiinliansmniarnamenianiieais 5 1 Using WEP Security Bee ere eer a a Basic ON E WEEP enraiar a anes WEP Security Settings
77. l and then click Add c Select Microsoft d Select TCP IP and then click OK If you need to add the Client for Microsoft Networks a Click the Add button b Select Client and then click Add c Select Microsoft d Select Client for Microsoft Networks and then click OK If you need to add File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks C 2 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U a Click the Add button b Select Client and then click Add c Select Microsoft d Select File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks and then click OK 3 Restart your PC for the changes to take effect Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP IP Settings in Windows 98 and Me After the TCP IP protocol components are installed each PC must be assigned specific information about itself and resources that are available on its network The simplest way to configure this information is to allow the PC to obtain the information from a DHCP server in the network You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows Locate your Network Neighborhood icon e Ifthe Network Neighborhood icon is on the Windows desktop position your mouse pointer over
78. laration of Conformity This device is a 2 4 GHz low power RF device intended for home and office use in EU and EFTA member states In some ee N EU EFTA member states some restrictions may apply Ne P Please contact local spectrum management authorities for a further details before putting this device into operation Marking by the above symbol indicates compliance with the Essential Requirements of the R amp TTE Directive of the European Union 1999 5 EC This equipment meets the following conformance standards EN300 328 EN301 489 17 EN60950 Countries of Operation and Conditions of Use in the European Community The user should run the client utility program provided with this product to check the current channel of operation and confirm that the device is operating in conformance with the spectrum usage rules for European Community countries as described in this section This product is certified for Switzerland and all countries of the European Community except France and Spain Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations This device complies with Canada RSS 210 This digital apparatus NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications and complies with Canada ICES 003 Canada ID 4054A WAG5 11v2
79. ment The IEEE 802 1x draft standard offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as dynamically varying encryption keys 802 1x uses a protocol called EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol and supports multiple authentication methods such as token cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public key authentication For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 802 11a IEEE specification for wireless networking at 54 Mbps operating in unlicensed radio bands over SGHz 802 11b IEEE specification for wireless networking at 11 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz 802 11g A soon to be ratified IEEE specification for wireless networking at 54 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz 802 11 g is backwards compatible with 802 11b Ad hoc Mode An 802 11 networking framework in which devices or stations communicate directly with each other without the use of an access point AP Ad hoc mode is also referred to as peer to peer mode or an Independent Basic Service Set IBSS Ad hoc mode is useful for establishing a network where wireless infrastructure does not exist or where services are not required Glossary 1 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit Car
80. mum channel separation will decrease the amount of channel cross talk and provide a noticeable performance increase over networks with minimal channel separation The radio frequency channels used in 802 11b g networks are listed in Table B 1 Table B 1 802 11b g Radio Frequency Channels Channel Center Frequency Frequency Spread 1 2412 MHz 2399 5 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2 2417 MHz 2404 5 MHz 2429 5 MHz 3 2422 MHz 2409 5 MHz 2434 5 MHz 4 2427 MHz 2414 5 MHz 2439 5 MHz 5 2432 MHz 2419 5 MHz 2444 5 MHz 6 2437 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2449 5 MHz 7 2442 MHz 2429 5 MHz 2454 5 MHz 8 2447 MHz 2434 5 MHz 2459 5 MHz 9 2452 MHz 2439 5 MHz 2464 5 MHz 10 2457 MHz 2444 5 MHz 2469 5 MHz 11 2462 MHz 2449 5 MHz 2474 5 MHz 12 2467 MHz 2454 5 MHz 2479 5 MHz 13 2472 MHz 2459 5 MHz 2484 5 MHz Wireless Networking Basics B 3 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Note The available channels supported by the wireless products in various countries are different For example Channels 1 to 11 are supported in the U S and Canada and Channels 1 to 13 are supported in Europe and Australia The preferred channel separation between the channels in neighboring wireless networks is 25 MHz 5 channels This means that you can apply up to three different channels within your wireless network There are only 11 usable wireless channels in th
81. n before you click Apply Here is how you start an Ad Hoc network a Fill in the Network Name SSID b Select the Computer to Computer Ad Hoc network Type c Click initiate Ad Hoc d Accept default settings or make proper changes and click OK e Click on Apply Note Be sure all computers in your Ad Hoc network are configured with static IP address in the same subnet 4 Question How do I remove the WG511U software and utility Answer To remove the WG511U software do the following Run the Uninstall WG511U Utility shortcut in the Start gt Program gt NETGEAR WG511U Adapter menu 5 Question How do I know if my WG5110U card has received a valid IP address from my Wireless Router AP Answer One easy way is to open up the WG511U utility program and check the IP Address in the About tab page Basic Setup 3 15 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 6 Question for XP Professional and XP Home user only How do I use XP s own Wireless configuration utility that came with the Windows XP Answer The NETGEAR WG511U software is designed in such way that user will be asked to choose one of the utility programs during initial software installation Be sure the card is in the notebook and follow these instructions to change your selection Go to Control Panel gt Network Connections gt Wireless Network Connection gt Properties gt Wireless Networks tab g
82. n is subject to change without notice All rights reserved August 2004 Certificate of the Manufacturer Importer It is hereby certified that the Model WG511U Wireless PC Card has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT Amtsbl Vfg 243 1991 and Vfg 46 1992 The operation of some equipment for example test transmitters in accordance with the regulations may however be subject to certain restrictions Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations VCCI Statement This equipment is in the Class B category information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing August 2004 Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas When used near a radio or TV receiver it may become the cause of radio interference Read instructions for correct handling FCC Information to User This product does not contain any user serviceable components and is to be used with approved antennas only Any product changes or modifications will invalidate all applicable regulatory certifications and approvals FCC Guidelines for Human Exposu
83. ng rapidly to accommodate the need for stronger security The following security schemes are supported in Netgear products WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy is an existing widely implemented and supported data encryption protocol for 802 11 wireless networks All wireless nodes on the network are configured with a static 64 bit or 128 bit Shared Key for data encryption but authentication is optional WPA Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a new specification of standards based interoperable security enhancements that increase the level of data protection and access control for wireless networks WPA requires authentication and features strong data encryption that includes dynamic key generation WPA uses the Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP via WPA enables wireless access points using a modified version of the 802 1x protocols to access RADIUS and certificate servers which enable various authentication schemes such as Transport Layer Security TLS and Protected EAP PEAP WPA PSK WPA Pre Shared Key WPA PSK performs authentication and encryption with a only a wireless access point based on a preshared key without needing to access RADIUS or certificate servers via the 802 1x protocols B 6 Wireless Networking Basics August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 802 1x 802 1x defines port based network access control used to provide authenticated network access
84. ocols can layer on top of the TLS protocol transparently Based on Netscape s SSL 3 0 TLS supercedes and is an extension of SSL TLS and SSL are not interoperable WAN A long distance link used to extend or connect remotely located local area networks The Internet is a large WAN 6 Glossary August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U WEB Proxy Server A Web proxy server is a specialized HTTP server that allows clients access to the Internet from behind a firewall The proxy server listens for requests from clients within the firewall and forwards these requests to remote Internet servers outside the firewall The proxy server reads responses from the external servers and then sends them to internal client clients WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy is a data encryption protocol for 802 11 wireless networks All wireless nodes and access points on the network are configured with a 64 bit or 128 bit Shared Key for data encryption wide area network WAN A long distance link used to extend or connect remotely located local area networks The Internet is a large WAN Wi Fi A trade name for the 802 11b wireless networking standard given by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see http www wi fi net an industry standards group promoting interoperability among 802 11b devices Windows Internet Naming Service WINS Windows Internet Naming Service is a server
85. or a network configuration problem Check to make sure that the access point is physically connected to the Ethernet network Make sure that the IP addresses and the Windows networking parameters are all configured correctly Restart the cable or DSL modem router access point and notebook PC 3 14 Basic Setup August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Troubleshooting Frequently Asked Questions 1 Question The product literature says the WG511U can operate at 108 Mbps Why do I see no more than 54 Mbps speed on my WG511U Smart Configuration Utility status line Answer You are probably connecting to standard 802 11g network If you use a wireless device with the 108 Mbps logo such as the NETGEAR WGT624 108 Mbps Wireless Firewall Router you will see network speeds up to 108 Mbps Note 108 Mbps speed is only available in wireless networks that support this proprietary mode 2 Question Why does the utility kept asking me to Save my settings when I m trying to close the utility Answer This is because you ve made changes to the settings and the utility is offering you the chance to save the changes If you want to avoid these Profile setting prompts simply hit Apply before you Close the utility program 3 Question Why doesn t Ad Hoc mode work correctly after I enter a SSID and click Apply Answer You need to click the Initiate Ad Hoc butto
86. or the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Using WEP Security You can strengthen the security of your wireless connection by enabling Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP encryption of the wireless data communications For more information on 802 11 wireless security see Wireless Networking Overview on page B 1 In addition to the WG511U wireless security features configure appropriate LAN network security features such as requiring a user name and password to access shared resources in your network Fill in the worksheet and use the procedures below to configure the WEP encryption settings of your NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Basic Requirements for WEP WEP requires these elements 1 A wireless adapter with WEP enabled 2 A wireless access point or another PC with WEP enabled Fill in the worksheet and use the procedures below to configure the WEP encryption settings of your WG511U 5 2 Wireless Security Configuration August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U WEP Security Settings Worksheet Print this form fill in the configuration parameters and put it in a safe place for possible future reference For an existing wireless network the person who set up the network will be able to provide this information e Wireless Network Name SSID The Service Set Identification SSID identifies t
87. ormation automatically from a DHCP server during startup Configuring Windows 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you may need to install and configure TCP IP on your PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Install or Verify Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking Preparing Your PCs for Network Access C 1 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon The Network window opens which displays a list of installed components CI zx Configuration Identification Access Control The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks NETGEAR M4101 USB Adapter TCP IP Primary Network Logon Client for Microsoft Networks he Eile and Print Sharing Description You must have an Ethernet adapter or an WG511U the TCP IP protocol and the Client for Microsoft Networks gt Note It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter TCP IP or Client for Microsoft Networks If you need to add TCP IP a Click the Add button b Select Protoco
88. packets that fail the Message Integrity Code MIC check within 60 seconds of each other then the network is under an active attack and as a result the access point employs counter measures which includes disassociating each station using the access point This prevents an attacker from gleaning information about the encryption key and alerts administrators but it also causes users to lose network connectivity for 60 seconds More than anything else this may just prove that no single security tactic is completely invulnerable WPA is a definite step forward in WLAN security over WEP and has to be thought of as a single part of an end to end network security strategy Product Support for WPA Starting in August 2003 new NETGEAR Inc Wi Fi certified products will support the WPA standard Existing NETGEAR Inc wireless products that had their Wi Fi certification approved before August 2003 will have one year to add WPA so as to maintain their Wi Fi certification WPA requires software changes to the following e Wireless access points B 20 Wireless Networking Basics August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U e Wireless network adapters e Wireless client programs Check the NETGEAR web site for WPA enabled updates to NETGEAR products For wireless devices in your network from other vendors check with the vendor regarding WPA support Wireless Networking Basics B 21
89. point The access point blocks all other traffic such as HTTP DHCP and POP3 packets until the access point can verify the client s identity using an authentication server e g RADIUS Once authenticated the access point opens the client s port for other types of traffic The basic 802 1x protocol provides effective authentication and can offering dynamic key management using 802 1x as a delivery mechanism If configured to implement dynamic key exchange the 802 1x authentication server can return session keys to the access point along with the accept message The access point uses the session keys to build sign and encrypt an EAP key message that is sent to the client immediately after sending the success message The client can then use contents of the key message to define applicable encryption keys In typical 802 1x implementations the client can automatically change encryption keys as often as necessary to minimize the possibility of eavesdroppers having enough time to crack the key in current use It s important to note that 802 1x doesn t provide the actual authentication mechanisms When using 802 1x you need to choose an EAP type such as Transport Layer Security EAP TLS or Protected EAP PEAP which defines how the authentication takes place The important part to know at this point is that the software supporting the specific EAP type resides on the authentication server and within the operating system or application software on
90. r Windows PCs Use the procedure that corresponds to the version of Windows you are using Basic Setup 3 3 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Basic Installation Instructions Use the procedure below that corresponds to the version of Windows you are using For Windows XP Users Installing a WG511U Install the WG511U driver and configuration utility software g a Power on your notebook let the operating system boot up completely and log in as needed b Insert the Resource CD for the WG511U into your CD ROM drive The CD main LEASED tae page shown at the right will load Visit www netgear com c Click Install Driver and Utility ES Install Driver and Utility View Installation Guide View Manual and Tutorials d Follow the InstallShield Wizard steps WG511U Resource CD and click Finish when done to restart your computer Note If a Windows XP Certification warning appears click Continue j iiae e ae e r ate Anyway to pro c e ed z The InstallShield Wizard will install Wir less lapter Device Driver and Configuration Utility on your computer To continue click Next InstallShield Wizard 3 4 Basic Setup August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Insert the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WGS511U a Locate an available CardB
91. r sharing between the Wireless PC Card 32 bit particular files must be computers CardBus WG511U Resource CD provided when Windows and the Help information prompts for such provided in the Windows system information you are using 4 Ifso called Windows peer Workgroup networking is being used the drive file system directory or file need to be enabled for sharing Introduction 2 5 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Table 2 1 A Road Map for How to Get There From Here If Want To What s Needed What Do Do How Do I Use printers in 1 The notebook computer 1 Use the Windows Windows Domain settings are a combined am using to connect to the Printers and Fax usually managed by corporate wireless and wireless network needs to features to locate Computer support groups wired be configured with the available printers Windows Client and File in the combined Windows Workgroup settings network and Print Sharing wireless and wired are commonly managed by 2 The notebook computer network individuals who want to set up small networks in their homes or am using to connect to the 2 Use the Windows small offices wireless network needs to Add a Printer be configured with the wizard to add For assistance with setting up same Windows Workgroup access to a Wi A i indows networking refer to the or Doma
92. re In order to comply with RF exposure limits established in the ANSI C95 1 standards the user is advised to maintain a distance of at least 1 inch 2 5 cm from the antenna of this device while it is in use Declaration Of Conformity We NETGEAR Inc 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 declare under our sole responsibility that the model WG511U CardBus Card Wireless Adapter complies with Part 15 of FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions e This device may not cause harmful interference and e This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Regulatory Compliance Information This section includes user requirements for operating this product in accordance with National laws for usage of radio spectrum and operation of radio devices Failure of the end user to comply with the applicable requirements may result in unlawful operation and adverse action against the end user by the applicable National regulatory authority NOTE This product s firmware limits operation to only the channels allowed in a particular Region or Country Therefore all options described in this user s guide may not be available in your version of the product FCC Requirements for Operation in the United States Radio Frequency Interference Warnings amp Instructions This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu
93. t for the wireless card and check or uncheck Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings Question I don t understand the LEDs on the WG511U Which is Power and which is network activity Answer The WG511U LED s behavior is as follows both blinking alternately means attempting to connect both blinking together indicates a good connection fast blinking means data transmission off means the card is not plugged in or no power applied to the card Question Is this WG511U IEEE 802 11g standards compliant Answer Yes the WG511 complies with the IEEE 802 11 g a b standards Question It is nice to have a browser based type of Manual on the Resource CD but how do I get a PDF copy of it like the Installation Guide Answer In the Manual html page there is a PDF button image at the top right hand corner of the web page Click on the PDF button brings up the PDF file of the entire manual You can also Print E mail Bookmark pages using the appropriate icons next to the PDF button 3 16 Basic Setup August 2004 Chapter 4 Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard This chapter describes how to use the Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard configuration profiles and monitoring features with your NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WGSII1U aa Note The instructions in this section refer to the NETGEAR WG511U configuration utility For Windows XP users to use the NETGEAR configuration utility the Windows
94. t using box and that the following Zomponenls chec lt ed are used by tkis conrecton two items are displayed and selected in the MI E Client for Microsolt Networks J I File and Pinter Sharing for Micrcsofl Netwerks box of Components checked are used by s this connection e Client for Microsoft Networks and Install Uninstall Propeties e Internet Protocol TCP IP TET Transmission Control P otocol Internet Protocol The defaul Click OK wide area network srotoccl that piovides communication ecross diverse intercornected networks M Show iconin taskbar when connected General A You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports With Internet Protocol TCP IP selected ie capability era you need to ask your network administrator for z the appropriate IP settings click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialogue O oad C Use the following IP address box Verify that oie ir aacres e Obtain an IP address Subnet mask automatically is selected Default gateway a s Obtain DNS server address Obtain DNS server address automatically automatically is selected C Use the following DNS server addresses Preferred DNS 3 Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties Click OK again to complete the configuration process Restart the PC Repeat these steps for eac
95. tandards based 802 11a b g wireless connectivity that is protected with the strongest industry standard WPA and WEP security In addition it offers the faster 54 Mbps speeds of the 802 11a and g standards and can aggregate the 802 11a and 802 11g communications to deliver double the 108 Mbps of either alone It works with Windows 98 Me 2000 and XP operating systems Key Features and Related NETGEAR Products The WG511U Wireless PC Card provides the following features e 802 11aand 802 11b g standards based wireless networking e Supports roaming between access points when configured in Infrastructure mode e Double 108 Mbps aggregation for ultra high speed data transfer Wireless nodes negotiate to operate in the optimal data transfer rate In a noisy environment or when the distance between the wireless nodes is far the wireless nodes automatically fall back to operate at lower transfer rates e High level of data encryption using the strong WPA PSK standard or the older 128 bit Shared Key WEP data encryption method A lower level of data encryption or no data encryption is available to simplify your network setup or to improve data transfer rate Introduction 2 1 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 802 11a and 802 11b g Wireless Networking The WGS511U Wireless PC Card provides 802 1 1a b and g compliant wireless communications providing continuous high sp
96. ternet Activate my To configure your WG511U in Internet over my connection like those from wireless link and Infrastructure Mode see Basic wireless cable or DSL service verify my network nstallation Instructions on network providers connection page 3 4 and locate the section 2 Awireless network Open an Internet t r your vergion df Windows connected to an Internet browser such as For assistance with configuring service through a router as Internet Explorer the TCP IP Internet software on illustrated in Connecting or Netscape a PC see Preparing Your to an Access Point in Navigator Computers for TCP IP infrastructure Moge an Networking on page C 1 or refer page 4 2 to the PC Networking Tutorial on 3 TCP IP Internet networking the NETGEAR Double 108 software installed and Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit configured on my notebook CardBus WG511U Resource CD PC according to the and the Help information requirements of the provided in the Windows system Internet service provider you are using 4 A browser like Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator 2 4 Introduction August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Table 2 1 If Want To between a wirelessly connected notebook computer and other my combined wireless and Exchange files computers ina A Road Map for How to Get There From Here What s Needed
97. the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U When configured for 128 bit encryption 802 11 products typically support four WEP Keys but some manufacturers support only one 128 bit key The 128 bit WEP Key is expressed as 13 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For example 12 34 56 78 90 AB CD EF 12 34 56 78 90 is a 128 bit WEP Key Typically 802 11 access points can store up to four 128 bit WEP Keys but some 802 11 client adapters can only store one Therefore make sure that your 802 11 access and client adapters configurations match e WEP Key Configuration Whatever keys you enter for an AP you must also enter the same keys for the client adapter in the same order In other words WEP key 1 on the AP must match WEP key 1 on the client adapter WEP key 2 on the AP must match WEP key 2 on the client adapter etc Note The AP and the client adapters can have different default WEP Keys as long as the keys are in the same order In other words the AP can use WEP key 2 as its default key to transmit while a client adapter can use WEP key 3 as its default key to transmit The two devices will communicate as long as the AP s WEP key 2 is the same as the client s WEP key 2 and the AP s WEP key 3 is the same as the client s WEP key 3 How to Use WEP Parameters Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption is used when the wireless devices are configured to operate in Shared Key authentication mode
98. the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see http www wi fi net an industry standard group promoting interoperability among 802 11 devices The 802 11 standard offers two methods for configuring a wireless network ad hoc and infrastructure Infrastructure Mode With a wireless access point you can operate the wireless LAN in the infrastructure mode This mode provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverage interacting with wireless nodes via an antenna In the infrastructure mode the wireless access point converts airwave data into wired Ethernet data acting as a bridge between the wired LAN and wireless clients Connecting multiple access points via a wired Ethernet backbone can further extend the wireless network coverage As a mobile computing device moves out of the range of one access point it moves into the range of another As a result wireless clients can freely roam from one access point domain to another and still maintain seamless network connection Wireless Networking Basics B 1 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Ad Hoc Mode Peer to Peer Workgroup In an ad hoc network computers are brought together as needed thus there is no structure or fixed points to the network each node can generally communicate with any other node There is no access point involved in this configur
99. tion Authentication Key le Key EE Uncontrolled Port LAN Resources Controlled Port Figure B 4 802 1x authentication 1 After associating with a wireless access point the client sends an EAP start message This begins a series of message exchanges to authenticate the client 2 The access point replies with an EAP request identity message 3 The client sends an EAP response packet containing the identity to the authentication server 4 The authentication server uses a specific authentication algorithm to verify the client s identity This could be through the use of digital certificates or other EAP authentication type 5 The authentication server will either send an accept or reject message to the access point 6 The access point sends an EAP success packet or reject packet to the client B 12 Wireless Networking Basics August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 7 Ifthe authentication server accepts the client then the access point will transition the client s port to an authorized state and forward additional traffic Initial 802 1x communications begin with an unauthenticated supplicant i e client device attempting to connect with an authenticator i e 802 11 access point The access point responds by enabling a port for passing only EAP packets from the client to an authentication server located on the wired side of the access
100. to complete the installation E You will see the WG511U system tray icon on the lower right portion of the WG511U System Tray Icon Windows task bar Basic Setup August 2004 3 5 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Configure your WG511U a Click the icon on the Windows desktop or in the system tray to open the WGS511U Smart Wireless Settings Utility The utility opens to the Settings tab page For the Network Name SSID use the default of NETGEAR_11g or type an SSID for your network Tip As an alternative to typing in the SSID you can use the drop down list or the Networks tab to view the available wireless networks and choose the one you want c Click Apply to activate the connection The status monitor icons at the bottom of the utility will turn yellow indicating the connection is established and will also report the speed signal quality and if the security requirements are met You can also enter a profile name and click Save Profile to store the current settings Tip Create profiles called work and home Then activate whichever one you need for your current location Click here to open the configuration utility WG511U system tray icon Cars N E T G E A R Selected Adapter WG511U Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card x Profiles New Profile 5 Network Name SSID NETGEAR_119 Networks Statistics
101. ty determination This occurs at the 802 11 level and is communicated through WPA information elements in Beacon Probe Response and Re Association Requests Information in these elements includes the authentication method 802 1X or Pre shared key and the preferred cipher suite WEP TKIP or AES The primary information conveyed in the Beacon frames is the authentication method and the cipher suite Possible authentication methods include 802 1X and Pre shared key Pre shared key is an authentication method that uses a statically configured pass phrase on both the stations and the access point This eliminates the need for an authentication server which in many home and small office environments will not be available nor desirable Possible data encryption options include WEP TKIP and AES Advanced Encryption Standard We ll talk more TKIP and AES when addressing data privacy below e Authentication EAP over 802 1X is used for authentication Mutual authentication is gained by choosing an EAP type supporting this feature and is required by WPA 802 1X port access control prevents full access to the network until authentication completes 802 1X EAPOL Key packets are used by WPA to distribute per session keys to those stations successfully authenticated B 16 Wireless Networking Basics August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U The supplicant in the station uses the auth
102. uble 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card v Profiles New Profile v Save Profile Delete P Network Name SSID NETGEAR z C Disable C WEP WPA PSK Advanced Settings AA Network Type g Gop Access Point Infrastructure Passphrase NETGEAR ULTRA G fes Bit Eneko Maudi Initiate Ad H Computer to computer Ad Hoc NETGEAR 00 09 58 D3 40 4D Signal Cancel Figure 5 2 WPA PSK settings screen b Enter the Passphrase Pre Shared Key c Click OK then click Apply for the changes to take effect and Close to exit the utility 4 Save your settings in a Profile Wireless Security Configuration 5 7 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U 5 8 Wireless Security Configuration August 2004 Appendix A Technical Specifications This appendix provides technical specifications for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Antennae Standards 2 Integrated internal diversity antennas 802 11a 802 11g 802 11b Radio Data Rate Auto Rate Sensing 802 11a 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 and 108 Mbps 802 11b 1 2 5 5 6 11 802 11g 6 9 12 18 24 36 48 54 and 108 Mbps Frequency 2 4 2 5GHz and 5 GHz DSS CCK and OFDM Modulation Power 3 3V Bus powered Emissions FCC CE Bus interface CardBus Provided drivers Weight Microsoft Windows XP 200
103. us slot on the side of your notebook Hold the PC Card with the NETGEAR logo facing up and insert it into the CardBus slot After a short delay the Found New Welcome to the Found New Hardware Wizard This wizard helps you install software for NETGEAR Dual Band Wireless PC Card If your hardware came with an installation CD lt or floppy disk insert it now What do you want the wizard to do instal ihe software automatically Recommended O Install from a list or specific location Advanced Click Next to continue Hardware Wizard displays Found New Hardware Wizard Follow the prompts to complete the wizard Note Click Continue Anyway if you are prompted with a Windows XP Logo testing message b Next you will be prompted to enable the NETGEAR Smart Wireless Settings Utility configuration utility Click Yes to accept this option To fully control your adapter using the NETGEAR Smart Wireless Settings Utility you need to deselect the Windows XP wireless network If you choose No you must read the configuration utiity Windows XP documentation for an To choose the NETGEAR Smart Wireless Settngs Utility click Yes to proceed explanation of how to use the Windows r pont show this message again XP wireless network configuration utility Enable NETGEAR Utility Configuration You will also be prompted to choose the country you are located in Select your location from the list c Click Finish
104. verify that Obtain an IP address automatically is selected 7 Click OK and close all Network and Dialup Connections windows 8 Then restart your PC C 6 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP or 2000 You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP Locate your Network Neighborhood icon e Select Control Panel from the Windows XP Start Menu e Select the Network Connections icon on the Control Panel This will take you to the next step Local Area Connection Network Tasks Y Local Area Connection 3 a Create a new connection Now the Network Connection window See Also displays i Network Troubleshooter The Connections List that shows all the Other Places network connections set up on the PC Be Control Panel located to the right of the window Network G Documents e Right click on the Connection with the Computer wireless icon and choose Status Details Network Connections System Folder Preparing Your PCs for Network Access C 7 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 3
105. ws any device to join the network assuming that the device SSID matches the access point SSID Alternatively the device can use the ANY SSID option to associate with any available access point within range regardless of its SSID e Shared Key Authentication requires that the station and the access point have the same WEP Key to authenticate These two authentication procedures are described below The WEP Open System authentication process is illustrated in below Wireless Networking Basics B 7 August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U Client HE 802 11 Authentication Open System Steps 1 Authentication request sent to AP 2 AP authenticates A 3 Client connects to network gt Access Point AP en Cable or DLS modem attempting to connect Figure B 2 802 11 open system authentication The following steps occur when two devices use Open System Authentication 1 The station sends an authentication request to the access point 2 The access point authenticates the station 3 The station associates with the access point and joins the network The WEP Shared Key authentication process is illustrated in below 802 11 Authentication Shared Key Steps 1 Authentication ___________ request sent to AP Access Point AP x lt 2 AP sends challenge text Cable or DLS modem
106. y the channels in use in your area Note The channel number differs depending on the country The connection speed automatically defaults to the highest speed e Click OK The WG511U will scan the area to determine which channel to use f Click Apply 3 Save your settings in a Profile a Type a descriptive name in the Profiles field b Click Save Profile All the configuration settings are saved in this profile c Click Apply d Click Close to exit the configuration utility 4 Verify wireless connectivity between your peer devices Verify connectivity by using the Ping program 4 6 Netgear Smart Wireless Wizard August 2004 User s Manual for the NETGEAR Double 108 Mbps Wireless PC Card 32 bit CardBus WG511U a On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run m Type the name of a program Folder document or 9 Internet resource and Windows will open it For you Cancel Browse b Assuming the target PC is configured with 192 168 0 1 as its IP address type ping t 192 168 0 1 and then click OK c This will cause a continuous ping to be sent to the device with the 192 168 0 1 static IP address The ping response should change to reply Request timed out Request timed out Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time 46ms TTL 127 Reply from 192 168 6 1 bytes 32 time 4ims TTL 127 Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time 3 ms TTL 127 At this point the connection is establis

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