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Hitachi L100 User's Manual

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1. 5 5 Introduction Motor Control Accessories 5 2 Introduction A motor control system will obviously include a motor and inverter as well as fuses for safety If you are connecting a motor to the inverter on a test bench just to get started that s all you may need for now But a fully developed system can also have a variety of additional components Some can be for noise suppression while others may enhance the inverter s braking performance The figure below shows a system with several possible optional components and the table gives part number information Thermal switch Breaker MCCB or GFI From power supply Motor L1 L2 L3 1 Inverter RB GND T1 T2 T3 Note The Hitachi part number series for accesso ries includes different sizes of each part type specified by the x suffix Hitachi product litera ture can help match size and rating of your inverter to the proper accessory size Each inverter accessory comes with its own printed instruction manual Please refer to those manuals for complete installation details This chapter gives only an overview of these optional system devices Name Part No Series See page Europe Japan USA AC reactor input side ALI xxx2 HRL x 5 3 RF noise filter input side ZCL xxx ZCL xxx 5 4 EMI filter for CE FFL100 xxx FFL100 xxx 5 4 Capacitive filter CFI x CFI
2. 2 Parameter Settings for Keypad Entry 2 B Introduction Appendix B B 2 Introduction This appendix lists the user programmable parameters for the L100 series inverters and the default values for European and U S product types The right most column of the tables is blank so you can record values you have changed from the default This involves just a few parameters for most applications This appendix presents the param eters in a format oriented toward the keypad on the inverter Parameter Settings for Keypad Entry L100 series inverters provide many functions and parameters that can be configured by the user We recommend that you record all parameters that have been edited in order to help in troubleshooting or recovery from a loss of parameter data Main Profile Parameters Inverter model MFG No L100 This information is printed on the specification label located on the right side of the inverter F Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Func Code Name FE Europe FU USA FR Japan F_01 Output frequency setting 0 0 0 0 0 0 F_02 Acceleration 1 10 0 10 0 10 0 F_03 Deceleration 1 10 0 10 0 10 0 F_04 Keypad Run key routing 00 00 00 L100 Inverter Appendix B B 3 Standard Functions A Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Func Code Name FE Europe FU USA
3. 5 Introduction to Variable Frequency Drives 17 Frequently Asked Questions 22 1 Introduction Getting Started 1 2 Introduction Main Features Congratulations on your purchase of an L100 Series Hitachi inverter This inverter drive features state of the art circuitry and components to provide high performance The housing footprint is exceptionally small given the size of the corresponding motor The Hitachi L100 product line includes more than a dozen inverter models to cover motor sizes from 1 4 horsepower to 10 horsepower in either 230 VAC or 460 VAC power input versions The main features are 200V and 400V Class inverters UL or CE version available V f volts per hertz control algorithm select able for either constant or reduced torque loads Convenient keypad for parameter settings Built in RS 422 communications interface to allow configuration from a PC and for field bus external modules Sixteen programmable speed levels Two step acceleration and deceleration curves PID control adjusts motor speed automatically to maintain a process variable value The design in Hitachi inverters overcomes many of the traditional trade offs between speed torque and efficiency The performance characteristics are Output frequency range from 0 5 to 360 Hz Continuous operation at 100 torque within a 1 10 speed range 6 60 Hz 5 50
4. FR Japan A_01 Frequency source setting 01 01 00 A_02 Run command source setting 01 01 02 A_03 Base frequency setting 50 0 60 0 60 0 A_04 Maximum frequency setting 50 0 60 0 60 0 A_11 O L input active range start frequency 0 0 0 A_12 O L input active range end frequency 0 0 0 A_13 O L input active range start voltage 0 0 0 A_14 O L input active range end voltage 100 100 100 A_15 O L input start frequency enable 01 01 01 A_16 External frequency filter time constant 8 8 8 A_20 Multi speed 0 setting 0 0 0 A_21 Multi speed 1 setting 0 0 5 A_22 Multi speed 2 setting 0 0 10 A_23 Multi speed 3 setting 0 0 15 A_24 Multi speed 4 setting 0 0 20 A_25 Multi speed 5 setting 0 0 30 A_26 Multi speed 6 setting 0 0 40 A_27 Multi speed 7 setting 0 0 50 A_28 Multi speed 8 setting 0 0 60 A_29 Multi speed 9 setting 0 0 0 A_30 Multi speed 10 setting 0 0 0 A_31 Multi speed 11 setting 0 0 0 A_32 Multi speed 12 setting 0 0 0 A_33 Multi speed 13 setting 0 0 0 A_34 Multi speed 14 setting 0 0 0 A_35 Multi speed 15 setting 0 0 0 A_38 Jog frequency setting 1 0 1 0 1 0 Parameter Settings for Keypad Entry Appendix B B 4 A_39 Jog stop mode 00 00 00 A_41 Torque boost method selection 00 00 00 A_42 Manual torque boost value 11 11 11 A_43 Manual torque boost frequency
5. TR4 TR5 TR6 Warranty Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 16 Warranty Warranty Terms The warranty period under normal installation and handling conditions shall be two 2 years from the date of manufacture DATE on product nameplate or one 1 year from the date of installation whichever occurs first The warranty shall cover the repair or replacement at Hitachi s sole discretion of ONLY the inverter that was installed 1 Service in the following cases even within the warranty period shall be charged to the purchaser a Malfunction or damage caused by mis operation or modification or improper repair b Malfunction or damage caused by a drop after purchase and transportation c Malfunction or damage caused by fire earthquake flood lightening abnormal input voltage contamination or other natural disasters 2 When service is required for the product at your work site all expenses associated with field repair shall be charged to the purchaser 3 Always keep this manual handy please do not loose it Please contact your Hitachi distributor to purchase replacement or additional manuals Glossary and Bibliography In This Appendix page Glossary 2 Bibliography 8 A Glossary Appendix A A 2 Glossary Ambient Temperature The air temperature in the chamber cont
6. Ground fault interrupter U V W Motor P24 FW Power Input Inverter L1 L2 L3 Ground fault interrupter U V W Motor GND lug Surge absorber Leading power factor capacitor L100 Inverter xi CAUTION SUPPRESSION FOR NOISE INTERFERENCE FROM INVERTER The inverter uses many semiconductor switching elements such as transistors and IGBTs Thus a radio receiver or measuring instrument located near the inverter is susceptible to noise interference To protect the instruments from erroneous operation due to noise interference they should be used well away from the inverter It is also effective to shield the whole inverter structure The addition of an EMI filter on the input side of the inverter also reduces the effect of noise from the commercial power line on external devices Note that the external dispersion of noise from the power line can be minimized by connecting an EMI filter on the primary side of inverter CAUTION EFFECTS OF POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ON INVERTER In the cases below involving a general purpose inverter a large peak current can flow on the power supply side sometimes destroying the converter module 1 The unbalance factor of the power supply is 3 or higher 2 The power supply capacity is at least 10 times greater than the inverter capacity or the power supply capacity is 500 kVA or more 3 Abrupt power supply changes are expected due to conditions such as a Several inverters are
7. VRS VRS VST VTR 3 VRS VST VTR 3 100 205 202 202 100 1 5 Component Descriptions Motor Control Accessories 5 4 Zero phase Reactor RF Noise Filter The zero phase reactor helps reduce radiated noise from the inverter wiring It can be used on the input or output side of the inverter The example zero phase reactor shown to the right comes with a mounting bracket The wiring must go through the opening to reduce the RF component of the electrical noise Loop the wires three times four turns to attain the full RF filtering effect For larger wire sizes place multiple zero phase reactors up to four side by side for a greater filtering effect EMI Filter The EMI filter reduces the conducted noise on the power supply wiring generated by the inverter Connect the EMI filter to the inverter primary input side The FFL100 series filter is required for compliance to the EMC Class A directive Europe and C TICK Australia See CE EMC Installation Guidelines on page C 2 WARNING The EMI filter has high internal leakage current from power wiring to the chassis Therefore connect the chassis ground of the EMI filter before making the power connections to avoid danger of shock or injury RF Noise Filter Capacitive This capacitive filter reduces radia
8. 1 Several inverters are connected in parallel sharing the same power bus 2 A thyristor converter and an inverter are connected in parallel sharing the same power bus 3 An installed phase advance power factor correction capacitor opens and closes Where these conditions exist or when the connected equipment must be highly reliable you MUST install an input side AC reactor of 3 at a voltage drop at rated current with respect to the supply voltage on the power supply side Also where the effects of an indirect lightning strike are possible install a lightning conductor Example calculation VRS 205V VST 203V VTR 197V where VRS is R S line voltage VST is S T line voltage VTR is T R line voltage Please refer to the documentation that comes with the AC reactor for installation instruc tions AC Reactors Output Side This reactor reduces the vibrations in the motor caused by the inverter s switching waveforms by smoothing the waveforms to approximate commercial power quality It is also useful to reduce the reflected voltage wave phenomenon when wiring from the inverter to the motor is more than 10m in length Please refer to the documentation that comes with the AC reactor for installation instructions Unbalance factor of voltage Max line voltage min Mean line voltage Meanline voltage 100
9. See PID Loop Operation on page 4 32 for more information NOTE The setting A_73 for the integrator is the integrator s time constant Ti not the gain The integrator gain Ki 1 Ti When you set A_73 0 the integrator is disabled A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_71 PID Enable Enables PID function two option codes 00 PID Disable 01 PID Enable 00 00 00 PID SW OFF A_72 PID proportional gain Proportional gain has a range of 0 2 to 5 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 PID P 1 0 A_73 PID integral time constant Integral time constant has a range of 0 0 to 150 seconds 1 0 1 0 1 0 sec PID I 001 0s A_74 PID derivative time constant Derivative time constant has a range of 0 0 to 100 seconds 0 0 0 0 0 0 sec PID D 00 0 A_75 PV scale conversion Process Variable PV scale factor multiplier range of 0 01 to 99 99 1 00 1 00 1 00 PID CONV 01 00 A_76 PV source setting Selects source of Process Variable PV option codes 00 OI terminal current in 01 O terminal voltage in 00 00 00 PID INPT CUR L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 19 Automatic Voltage Regulation AVR Function The automatic voltage regulation AVR feature keeps the inverter output waveform at a relatively constant amplitu
10. voltage or terminal OI current When enabled the PID loop calculates the ideal output frequency to minimize the loop error This means we no longer command the inverter to run at a particular frequency but we specify the ideal value for the process variable That ideal value is called the setpoint and is specified in the units of the external process variable For a pump appli cation it may be gallons minute or it could be air velocity or temperature for an HVAC unit Parameter A_75 is a scale factor that relates the external process variable units to motor frequency The figure below is a more detailed diagram of the PID function PID Calculation Setpoint SP Error Freq Inverter Motor External Process Process Variable PV Sensor PV Monitor P gain I gain D gain Analog input scaling Voltage O OI L Current A GND PID V I input select Process Variable Feedback Scale factor Frequency setting Scale factor Setpoint Target Scale factor reciprocal Multi speed settings Standard setting Frequency source select Potentiometer on keypad Error AT V I input select PV SP D 04 A 75 A 74 A 76 A 14 A 13 A 15 A 12 A 11 A 01 F 01 A 20 A 75 A 72 A 73 to A 75 1 A 35 F 01 L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 33 Configuring the Inverter for Multiple Motors Simultaneous Conne
11. 16 kHz The audible sound decreases at the higher frequencies but RFI noise and leakage current may be increased Refer to the specification derating curves in Chapter 1 to determine the maximum allowable carrier frequency setting for your particular inverter and environmental conditions L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 29 NOTE When DC braking is performed the inverter automatically holds the carrier frequency at 1 kHz NOTE The carrier frequency setting must stay within specified limits for inverter motor applications that must comply with particular regulatory agencies For example a European CE approved application requires the inverter carrier to be less than 5 kHz B_84 B_85 Initialization codes These functions allow you to restore the factory default settings Please refer to Restoring Factory Default Settings on page 6 8 B_86 Frequency display scaling You can convert the output frequency monitor on D_01 to a scaled number engineering units monitored at function D_07 For example the motor may run a conveyor that is monitored in feet per minute Use this formula Scaled output frequency D_07 Output frequency D_01 Factor B_86 B Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units B_32 Reactive current setting Calibrate detection of motor s no load reactive current to impr
12. 168 6 61 180 7 08 128 5 04 5 0 20 5 0 20 7 0 28 Ground Terminal 164 6 46 6 0 24 Air Air Ground Terminal 7 0 28 153 6 02 3 5 0 14 180 7 09 5 0 20 140 5 51 128 5 04 168 6 61 5 0 20 10 0 39 011NFE 022HFE 022HFU Step by Step Basic Installation Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 12 Dimensional drawings continued NOTE Model L100 075LFU has 2 fans All other models in this housing have 1 fan 182 7 17 160 6 30 236 9 29 170 6 69 Air Air 257 10 12 1 7 0 28 7 0 28 7 0 28 6 0 24 Ground Terminal L100 055LFU 075LFU 055HFU 075HFU 055HFE 075HFE L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 13 Prepare for Wiring Step 5 It is very important to perform the wiring steps carefully and correctly Before proceeding please study the caution and warning messages below WARNING Use 60 75 C Cu wire only or equivalent WARNING Open Type Equipment WARNING Suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 5 000 rms symmetrical amperes 240 V maximum For models with suffix N or L WARNING Suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 5 000 rms symmetrical amperes 480 V maximum For models with suffix H HIGH VOLTAGE Be sure to ground the unit Otherwise there is a danger of electric shock and or fire HIGH VOLTAGE Wiring wo
13. 2 EMC installation recommendations C 6 EMI A 3 EMI filter 5 4 Environmental specs 1 9 Error A 3 PID loop 4 26 Error codes trip events 6 5 Event clearing 4 19 External trip 4 15 F F Group functions 3 8 Factory default settings 3 29 Factory settings restoring 6 8 Fan outlet 2 8 2 19 FAQ 1 22 Features 1 2 2 2 Filters noise suppression 5 2 Fine tuning functions 3 22 Forward run command 4 9 Four quadrant operation A 3 Free run stop 3 30 4 12 4 14 A 3 Frequency arrival signals 4 23 Frequency display scaling 3 29 Frequency limits 3 16 Frequency matching 3 30 Frequency setting A 4 Frequency source setting 3 9 Frequency related functions 3 16 Frequently asked questions 1 22 Functions 1 20 2 22 Fuse ratings 2 14 G Glossary of terms A 2 H Harmonics A 4 History of trip events 3 7 Horsepower A 4 L100 Inverter Index 3 I IGBT 1 17 A 4 test method 6 15 Index of terminal functions 4 7 Inertia A 4 Initialization 6 8 Initialization codes 3 29 Input circuits 4 8 Input terminals 2 15 Inspection electrical measurements 6 12 IGBT test method 6 15 measurement techniques 6 14 procedures 6 9 unpacking 2 2 Installation instructions 2 6 Insulation test 6 10 Integral gain 3 18 Intelligent input terminals 3 32 4 8 Intelligent output terminals 3 36 4 21 Intelligent terminal A 4
14. Fine Tuning Functions 22 C Group Intelligent Terminal Functions 32 3 Choosing a Programming Device Configuring Drive Parameters 3 2 Choosing a Programming Device Introduction Hitachi variable frequency drives inverters use the latest electronics technology for getting the right AC waveform to the motor at the right time The benefits are many including energy savings and higher machine output or productivity The flexibility required to handle a broad range of applications has required ever more configurable options and parameters inverters are now a complex industrial automation component And this can make a product seem difficult to use but the goal of this chapter is to make this easier for you As the powerup test in Chapter 2 demonstrated you do not have to program very many parameters to run the motor In fact most applications would benefit only from program ming just a few specific parameters This chapter will explain the purpose of each set of parameters and help you choose the ones that are important to your application If you are developing a new application for the inverter and a motor finding the right parameters to change is mostly an exercise in optimization Therefore it is okay to begin running the motor with a loosely tuned system By making specific individual changes and observing their effects you can achieve a finely tuned system Introduction to Inverter
15. Reverse Dir STOP D_04 Process variable PV PID feedback monitor Displays the scaled PID process variable feedback value A_75 is scale factor PID FB 0000 00 D_05 Intelligent input terminal status Displays the state of the intelli gent input terminals TERM LLL LLLLLL D_06 Intelligent output terminal status Displays the state of the intelli gent output terminals TERM LLL LLLLLL ON OFF 1 2 3 4 5 6 Terminal numbers ON OFF 11 12 Terminal numbers AL L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 7 Trip Event and History Monitoring The trip event and history monitoring feature lets you cycle through related information using the keypad See Monitoring Trip Events History amp Conditions on page 6 5 for more details D_07 Scaled output frequency monitor Displays the output frequency scaled by the constant in B_86 Decimal point indicates range XX XX 0 01 to 99 99 XXX X 100 0 to 999 9 XXXX 1000 to 9999 XXXX 10000 to 99990 Hz Hz01 0 0 00 D Function Run Mode Edit Range and Units Func Code Name SRW Display Description D Function Run Mode Edit Range and Units Func Code Name SRW Display Description D_08 Trip event monitor Displays the current trip event information ERR1 EEPROM ERR1 0 0Hz ERR1 0 0A ERR1 324 3Vdc ERR1 RUN 000000H D_09 Trip
16. Run Mode Edit Output Variable freq control constant torque Variable freq control reduced torque Inverter Control Algorithms D Group Monitoring Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 6 D Group Monitoring Functions Parameter Monitoring Functions You can access important system parameter values with the D Group monitoring functions whether the inverter is in Run Mode or Stop Mode After selecting the function code number for the parameter you want to monitor press the Function key once to show the value on the display In Functions D_05 and D_06 the intelligent terminals use individual segments of the display to show ON OFF status If the inverter display is set to monitor a parameter and powerdown occurs the inverter stores the present monitor function setting For your convenience the display automati cally returns to the previously monitored parameter upon the next powerup D Function Run Mode Edit Range and Units Func Code Name SRW Display Description D_01 Output frequency monitor Real time display of output frequency to motor from 0 0 to 360 0 Hz 0 0 to 360 0 Hz FM 0000 00Hz D_02 Output current monitor Filtered display of output current to motor 100 ms internal filter time constant A Im 0 0A 0 0 D_03 Rotation direction monitor Three different indications F Forward Stop r
17. Some applications must use an input side AC reactor to prevent inverter damage See Warning on next page Radio noise filter Electrical noise interference may occur on nearby equipment such as a radio receiver This magnetic choke filter helps reduce radiated noise can also be used on output EMI filter for CE applications see Appendix D Reduces the conducted noise on the power supply wiring between the inverter and the power distribution system Connect to the inverter primary input side Radio noise filter use in non CE applications This capacitive filter reduces radiated noise from the main power wires in the inverter input side DC link choke Suppresses harmonics generated by the inverter However it will not protect the input diode bridge rectifier Braking resistor This is useful for increasing the inverter s control torque for high duty cycle ON OFF applications and improving the decelerating capability Radio noise filter Electrical noise interference may occur on nearby equipment such as a radio receiver This magnetic choke filter helps reduce radiated noise can also be used on input Output side AC reactor This reactor reduces the vibrations in the motor caused by the inverter s switching waveforms by smoothing the waveform to approximate commercial power quality It is also useful to reduce harmonics when wiring from the inverter to the motor is more than 10m in length LCR filter
18. Standard Functions 3 9 B Group Fine Tuning Functions 3 22 C Group Intelligent Terminal Functions 3 32 Table of Contents xvi Chapter 4 Operations and Monitoring Introduction 4 2 Connecting to PLCs and Other Devices 4 4 Example Wiring Diagram 4 5 Using Intelligent Input Terminals 4 8 Using Intelligent Output Terminals 4 21 Analog Input Operation 4 29 Analog and Digital Monitor Output 4 30 PID Loop Operation 4 32 Configuring the Inverter for Multiple Motors 4 33 Chapter 5 Inverter System Accessories Introduction 5 2 Component Descriptions 5 3 Dynamic Braking 5 5 Chapter 6 Troubleshooting and Maintenance Troubleshooting 6 2 Monitoring Trip Events History amp Conditions 6 5 Restoring Factory Default Settings 6 8 Maintenance and Inspection 6 9 Warranty 6 16 Appendix A Glossary and Bibliography Glossary A 2 Bibliography A 8 Appendix B Drive Parameter Settings Tables Introduction B 2 Parameter Settings for Keypad Entry B 2 Appendix C CE EMC Installation Guidelines CE EMC Installation Guidelines C 2 Hitachi EMC Recommendations C 6 Index L100 Inverter xvii Revisions Revision History Table No Revision Comments Date of Issue Operation Manual No Initial Release of Manual NB576X May 1999 NB576X 1 Revision A Pages 1 4 Specs tables added row for input current changed rated input voltage tolerance corrected dynamic
19. adjustment 10 0 10 0 10 0 A_44 V f characteristic curve selection 00 00 00 A_45 V f gain setting 100 100 100 A_51 DC braking enable 00 00 00 A_52 DC braking frequency setting 0 5 0 5 0 5 A_53 DC braking wait time 0 0 0 0 0 0 A_54 DC braking force during deceler ation 0 0 0 A_55 DC braking time during decelera tion 0 0 0 0 0 0 A_61 Frequency upper limit setting 0 0 0 0 0 0 A_62 Frequency lower limit setting 0 0 0 0 0 0 A_63 A_65 A_67 Jump center frequency setting 0 0 0 0 0 0 A_64 A_66 A_68 Jump hysteresis frequency width setting 0 5 0 5 0 5 A_71 PID Enable 00 00 00 A_72 PID proportional gain 1 0 1 0 1 0 A_73 PID integral time constant 1 0 1 0 1 0 A_74 PID derivative gain 0 0 0 0 0 0 A_75 PV scale conversion 1 00 1 00 1 00 A_76 PV source setting 00 00 00 A_81 AVR function select 02 00 02 A_82 AVR voltage select 230 400 230 460 200 400 A_92 Second acceleration time setting 15 0 15 0 15 0 A_93 Second deceleration time setting 15 0 15 0 15 0 A_94 Select method to switch to second accel decel profile 00 00 00 A Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Func Code Name FE Europe FU USA FR Japan L100 Inverter Appendix B B 5 A_95 Acc1 to Acc2 frequency transi tion point 0 0 0 0 0 0 A_96 Dec1 to Dec2 frequency transi tion point 0 0 0 0 0
20. braking torque corrected product weight lbs Page 2 8 Corrected H dimension for 002 models August 1999 NB576XA 2 Revision B Updated company name on cover contact page and nameplate photo Updated text figures and tables throughout manual per technical corrections or usability improvements Pages xii to xiv Added UL Instructions Page xviii Contact page update Pages 1 5 to 1 8 Added watt loss efficiency data to tables Pages 1 10 to 1 15 Added derating graphs Page 2 16 Added power terminal diagrams Page 4 5 Added system wiring diagram Page 4 7 Added terminal index listing Page 4 8 Added input terminal wiring diagrams Page 4 21 Added output terminal wiring diagrams Pages 5 5 to 5 7 Added braking tables and figures Page 6 10 Added megger test procedure and figure Page 6 15 Added IGBT test method figure and table Pages C 1 to C 6 Added appendix on CE EMC Removed DOP info from Ch3 and Appendix B May 2002 NB576XB 3 Revision C Minor corrections throughout Nov 2002 NB576XC xviii Contact Information NOTE To receive technical support for the Hitachi inverter you purchased contact the Hitachi inverter dealer from whom you purchased the unit or the sales office or factory contact listed above Please be prepared to provide the following inverter nameplate information 1 Model 2 Date of purchase 3 Manufacturing number MFG No 4 Symptoms of any inverter problem
21. input terminal make sure that the AT function is allocated to an intelligent input terminal Be sure to set the frequency source setting A_01 01 to select the analog input terminals Example default input configuration shown for FU models FE and FR models require input configuration see page 3 32 4 20 mA when AT ON 0 10 V when AT OFF See I O specs on page 4 6 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 AT L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 19 Reset Inverter The RS terminal causes the inverter to execute the reset operation If the inverter is in Trip Mode the reset cancels the Trip state When the signal RS is turned ON and OFF the inverter executes the reset operation The minimum pulse width for RS must be 12 ms or greater The alarm output will be cleared within 30 ms after the onset of the Reset command WARNING After the Reset command is given and the alarm reset occurs the motor will restart suddenly if the Run command is already active Be sure to set the alarm reset after verifying that the Run command is OFF to prevent injury to personnel RS Alarm signal 12 ms minimum t 1 0 approx 30 ms 1 0 Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 18 RS Reset Inverter ON The motor output is turned OFF the Trip Mode is cleared if it exists and powerup reset is applied OFF Normal power ON
22. t ON 0 5 Hz 1 5 Hz 60 ms accel decel Thresholds 60 ms 0 L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 25 Overload Advance Notice Signal When the output current exceeds a preset value the OL terminal signal turns ON The parameter C_41 sets the overload threshold The overload detection circuit operates during powered motor opera tion and during regenerative braking The output circuits use open collector transistors and are active low NOTE The example circuit in the table above drives a relay coil Note the use of a diode to prevent the negative going turn off spike generated by the coil from damaging the inverter s output transistor OL Signal C 41 C 41 1 0 ON t ON Current threshold regeneration power running threshold Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Output State Description 03 OL Overload Advance Notice Signal ON when output current is more than the set thresh old for the overload signal OFF when output current is less than the set threshold for the overload signal Valid for outputs 11 12 Required settings C_41 Notes The default value is 100 To change the level from the default set C_41 overload level The accuracy of this function is the same as the function of the output current monitor on the FM terminal see page Analog and Digital Monitor Output on page 4 30 Example requires output confi
23. when using the AVR function In any case the output voltage cannot exceed the input power supply voltage Note 4 To operate the motor beyond 50 60 Hz consult the motor manufacturer for the maximum allowable rotation speed Note 5 The braking torque via capacitive feedback is the average deceleration torque at the shortest deceleration stopping from 50 60 Hz as indicated It is not continuous regenerative braking torque The average deceleration torque varies with motor loss This value decreases when operating beyond 50 Hz Note that a braking unit is not included in the inverter If a large regenerative torque is required the optional regenerative braking unit should be used Note 6 The frequency command is the maximum frequency at 9 8V for input voltage 0 to 10 VDC or at 19 6 mA for input current 4 to 20 mA If this characteristic is not satisfactory for your application contact your Hitachi sales representa tive Note 7 If operating the inverter in an ambient temperature of 40 50 C reduce the carrier frequency to 2 1 kHz derate the output current by 80 and remove the top housing cover Note that removing the top cover will nullify the NEMA rating for the inverter housing Note 8 The storage temperature refers to the short term temperature during transport Note 9 Conforms to the test method specified in JIS C0911 1984 For the model types excluded in the standard specifications contact your Hitachi sales repre sentati
24. 0 0 0 0 0 C_44 PID deviation level setting 3 0 3 0 3 0 C_91 Debug mode enable 00 00 00 Do not edit CE EMC Installation Guidelines In This Appendix page CE EMC Installation Guidelines 2 Hitachi EMC Recommendations 6 C CE EMC Installation Guidelines Appendix C C 2 CE EMC Installation Guidelines You are required to satisfy the EMC directive 89 336 EEC when using an L100 inverter in an EU country To satisfy the EMC directive and to comply with standard follow the guidelines in this section 1 As user you must ensure that the HF high frequency impedance between adjustable frequency inverter filter and ground is as small as possible Ensure that the connections are metallic and have the largest possible contact areas zinc plated mounting plates 2 Avoid conductor loops that act like antennas especially loops that encompass large areas Avoid unnecessary conductor loops Avoid parallel arrangement of low level signal wiring and power carrying or noise prone conductors 3 Use shielded wiring for the motor cable and all analog and digital control lines Allow the effective shield area of these lines to remain as large as possible i e do not strip away the shield screen further away from the cable end than absolutely necessary With integrated systems for example when the adjustable frequency inverter i
25. 002NFE NFU 1 4 50 150 120 004NFE NFU 1 2 50 150 120 005NFE NFU 3 4 50 150 120 007NFE NFU 1 50 150 120 011NFE NFU 1 5 50 100 80 015NFE NFU 2 50 100 80 022NFE NFU 3 20 40 70 70 150 120 037LFU 5 20 40 50 50 110 90 055LFU 7 5 20 30 30 80 80 100 100 150 150 075LFU 10 20 30 30 60 60 80 80 100 100 L100 Inverter Motor Control Accessories 5 7 400V Class Inverters The following tables specify the braking options for 400V class L100 inverters and the braking torque for each option You can connect a single braking unit to the inverter or two braking units for additional braking torque Use one BRD EZ2 braking unit for the braking torque listed in the following table Connect a second braking unit in parallel for additional braking torque listed in the following table Inverter Braking unit Braking unit L100 Inverter 400V Models Braking Torque with BRD EZ2 Braking Unit Model Number HP Braking torque without braking unit Using built in resistor only External resistor added HRB1 x 2 HRB2 x 2 HRB3 x 2 A B A B A B A B 004HFE HFU 1 2 50 150 150 007HFE HFU 1 50 150 150 015HFE HFU 2 50 100 100 022HFE HFU 3 20 60 60 030HFE HFU 4 20 50 50 150 150 040HFE HFU 5 20 40 40 130 130 150 150 055HFE HFU
26. 1 2 Rated capacity 240V kVA 10 0 5 1 0 1 2 1 6 2 0 Rated input voltage 1 phase 200 to 240V 5 10 50 60 Hz 5 3 phase 200 to 240V 5 10 50 60 Hz 5 037LFU 055LFU amp 075LFU 3 phase only Rated input current A 1 phase 3 1 5 8 6 7 9 0 11 2 3 phase 1 8 3 4 3 9 5 2 6 5 Rated output voltage 3 3 phase 200 to 240V corresponding to input voltage Rated output current A 1 4 2 6 3 0 4 0 5 0 Efficiency at 100 rated output 91 5 92 8 93 6 94 1 95 4 Watt loss approximate W at 70 output 13 21 25 31 38 at 100 output 17 29 32 41 51 Braking Dynamic braking approx torque short time stop from 50 60 Hz 5 100 50 Hz 50 60 Hz Capacitive feedback type dynamic braking unit and braking resistor optional individually installed DC braking Variable operating frequency time and braking force Weight kg 0 85 0 85 1 3 1 3 2 2 lb 1 87 1 87 2 87 2 87 4 85 L100 Inverter Specifications Getting Started 1 6 Footnotes for the preceding table and the tables that follow Note 1 The protection method conforms to JEM 1030 Note 2 The applicable motor refers to Hitachi standard 3 phase motor 4 pole When using other motors care must be taken to prevent the rated motor current 50 60 Hz from exceeding the rated output current of the inverter Note 3 The output voltage decreases as the main supply voltage decreases except
27. 4 9 RV 01 Reverse Run Stop 4 9 CF1 02 Multi speed Select Bit 0 LSB 4 10 CF2 03 Multi speed Select Bit 1 4 10 CF3 04 Multi speed Select Bit 2 4 10 CF4 05 Multi speed Select Bit 3 4 10 JG 06 Jogging 4 12 2CH 09 2 stage Acceleration and Deceleration 4 13 FRS 11 Free run Stop 4 14 EXT 12 External Trip 4 15 USP 13 Unattended Start Protection 4 16 SFT 15 Software Lock 4 17 AT 16 Analog Input Voltage current Select 4 18 RS 18 Reset Inverter 4 19 TH 19 Thermistor Thermal Protection 4 20 Intelligent Outputs Symbol Code Name Page RUN 00 Run Signal 4 22 FA1 01 Frequency Arrival type 1 Constant Speed 4 23 FA2 02 Frequency arrival type 2 Over frequency 4 23 OL 03 Overload Advance Notice Signal 4 25 OD 04 Output Deviation for PID Control 4 26 AL 05 Alarm Signal 4 27 Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 8 Using Intelligent Input Terminals Terminals 1 2 3 4 and 5 are identical programmable inputs for general use The input circuits can use the inverter s internal isolated 24V field supply P24 to power the inputs The input circuits are internally connected to the power supply ground As the diagram shows you can use a switch or jumper to activate an input terminal that has been configured If you use an external supply its GND termina
28. 90 70 50 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 055LFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 70 80 90 100 95 85 75 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 075LFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 70 80 90 100 95 85 75 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 Inverter Specifications Getting Started 1 14 Derating curves continued L100 004HFE HFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 40 60 80 100 90 70 50 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 007HFE HFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 40 60 80 100 90 70 50 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 015HFE HFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 40 60 80 100 90 70 50 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 15 Derating curves continued L100 022HFE HFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 40 60 80 100 90 70 50 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 040HFE HFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 40 60 80 100 90 70 50 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 055HFE HFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 70 80 90 100 95 85 75
29. Analog Frequency Monitor PWM pulse width modulated voltage output that has a duty cycle proportional to the inverter output frequency 01 Analog Current Output Monitor PWM pulse width modulated voltage output that has a duty cycle proportional to the inverter output current to the motor It reaches 100 duty cycle when the output reaches 200 of the rated inverter current 02 Digital Frequency Output Monitor FM frequency modulated voltage output with a constant 50 duty cycle Its frequency inverter output frequency L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 39 Output Function Adjustment Parameters The following parameters work in conjunction with the intelligent output function when configured The overload level parameter C_41 sets the motor current level at which the overload signal OL turns ON The range of settings is from 0 to 200 of the rated current for the inverter This function is for generating an early warning logic output without causing either a trip event or a restriction of the motor current those effects are available on other functions The frequency arrival signal FA1 or FA2 is intended to indicate when the inverter output has reached arrived at the target frequency You can adjust the timing of the leading and trailing edges of the signal via two parameters specific to accel eration and deceleration ramps C_42 and C_43 The Error for the PID loop is the magni tud
30. Controls Now open the front panel half door for second level access to reveal additional operator keys for parameter editing as shown to the right In normal operation after installation parameter editing is unnecessary so these controls are hidden from view The front panel controls and indicators are described as follows Run Stop LED ON when the inverter output is ON and the motor is developing torque Run Mode and OFF when the inverter output is OFF Stop Mode Program Monitor LED This LED is ON when the inverter is ready for parameter editing Program Mode It is OFF when the parameter display is monitoring data Monitor Mode Run Key Enable LED is ON when the inverter is ready to respond to the Run key OFF when the Run key is disabled Run Key Press this key to run the motor the Run Enable LED must be ON first Parameter F_04 Keypad Run Key Routing determines whether the Run key generates a Run FWD or Run REV command Stop Reset Key Press this key to stop the motor when it is running uses the programmed deceleration rate This key will also reset an alarm that has tripped Potentiometer Allows an operator to directly set the motor speed when the potenti ometer is enabled for output frequency control Potentiometer Enable LED ON when the potentiometer is enabled for value entry Hz POWER A RUN PRG RUN STOP RESET MIN MAX HITACHI 5 0 0 Paramet
31. If any inverter nameplate information is illegible please provide your Hitachi contact with any other legible nameplate items To reduce unpredictable downtime we recom mend that you stock a spare inverter Hitachi America Ltd Power and Industrial Division 50 Prospect Avenue Tarrytown NY 10591 U S A Phone 1 914 631 0600 Fax 1 914 631 3672 Hitachi Australia Ltd Level 3 82 Waterloo Road North Ryde N S W 2113 Australia Phone 61 2 9888 4100 Fax 61 2 9888 4188 Hitachi Europe GmbH Am Seestern 18 D 40547 D sseldorf Germany Phone 49 211 5283 0 Fax 49 211 5283 649 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd International Sales Department WBG MARIVE WEST 16F 6 Nakase 2 chome Mihama ku Chiba shi Chiba 261 7116 Japan Phone 81 43 390 3516 Fax 81 43 390 3810 Hitachi Asia Ltd 16 Collyer Quay 20 00 Hitachi Tower Singapore 049318 Singapore Phone 65 538 6511 Fax 65 538 9011 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd Narashino Division 1 1 Higashi Narashino 7 chome Narashino shi Chiba 275 8611 Japan Phone 81 47 474 9921 Fax 81 47 476 9517 Hitachi Asia Hong Kong Ltd 7th Floor North Tower World Finance Centre Harbour City Canton Road Tsimshatsui Kowloon Hong Kong Phone 852 2735 9218 Fax 852 2735 6793 Getting Started In This Chapter page Introduction 2 L100 Inverter Specifications
32. Intelligent terminal functions 3 32 Intelligent terminal index 4 7 Inverter 1 22 A 4 Inverter specifications 1 5 Isolation transformer A 4 J Jog command 4 12 Jog frequency settings 3 12 Jogging operation A 4 Jump frequencies 3 17 Jump frequency A 5 K Keypad features 2 21 3 3 navigation 2 23 3 4 navigation trip events 6 7 Keypad features 2 21 Keypads 1 3 3 2 L LEDs 2 21 3 3 Line reactor A 5 Linear accel decel 3 21 Logic terminals 3 32 3 36 4 6 M Main profile parameters 3 8 Maintenance procedures 6 9 Megger test 6 10 Model number 1 4 Model number convention 1 4 Momentum A 5 Monitor mode 2 23 2 26 2 27 3 4 Monitoring functions 3 6 Motor speed calculation 2 27 Motor load A 5 Motor poles 1 23 Motor wiring 2 18 Mounting dimensions 2 9 Mounting location 2 7 Multiple motors configuration 4 33 Multi speed operation 4 10 A 5 Multi speed profiles 1 21 Multi speed settings 3 12 N Nameplate 1 4 Navigational map 2 23 3 4 trip events 6 7 NEC A 5 NEMA A 5 NEMA rating 2 8 Noise filters 5 2 AC reactor 2 5 Index 4 O Open collector outputs 4 21 A 5 Operational modes 3 5 Operator interfaces 1 3 Optional components 2 5 Options 1 2 Output adjustment parameters 3 39 Output circuits 4 21 Output deviation for PID control 4 26 Output frequency 3 8 Output
33. OFF to prevent injury to personnel 4 19 CAUTION The heat sink fins will have a high temperature Be careful not to touch them Otherwise there is the danger of getting burned 4 2 CAUTION The operation of the inverter can be easily changed from low speed to high speed Be sure check the capability and limitations of the motor and machine before operating the inverter Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel 4 2 CAUTION If you operate a motor at a frequency higher than the inverter standard default setting 50Hz 60Hz be sure to check the motor and machine specifications with the respective manufacturer Only operate the motor at elevated frequencies after getting their approval Otherwise there is the danger of equipment damage 4 2 CAUTION It is possible to damage the inverter or other devices if your application exceeds the maximum current or voltage characteristics of a connection point 4 4 L100 Inverter ix Warnings and Cautions for Troubleshooting and Maintenance General Warnings and Cautions WARNING Never modify the unit Otherwise there is a danger of electric shock and or injury CAUTION Withstand voltage tests and insulation resistance tests HIPOT are executed before the units are shipped so there is no need to conduct these tests before operation CAUTION Do not attach or remove wiring or connectors when power is applied Also do not check
34. Resume from motor speed wait time B 03 B_88 00 B_88 01 1 0 t t FRS FRS FW RV 1 0 1 0 1 0 Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 11 FRS Free run Stop ON Causes output to turn OFF allowing motor to free run coast to stop OFF Output operates normally so controlled deceler ation stops motor Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings B_03 B_88 C_11 to C_15 Notes When you want the FRS terminal to be active low normally closed logic change the setting C_11 to C_15 that corresponds to the input C_01 to C_05 that is assigned the FRS function Example requires input configuration see page 3 32 See I O specs on page 4 6 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 FRS L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 15 External Trip When the terminal EXT is turned ON the inverter enters the trip state indicates error code E12 and stops the output This is a general purpose interrupt type feature and the meaning of the error depends on what you connect to the EXT terminal Even if the EXT input is turned OFF the inverter remains in the trip state You must reset the inverter or cycle power to clear the error returning the inverter to the Stop Mode In the graph below the EXT input turns ON during normal Run Mode operation The inverter lets the motor free run to a stop and the alarm output turns ON im
35. There are two ways to program the speeds into the registers A_20 to A_35 1 Standard keypad programming a Select each parameter A_20 to A_35 b Press the key to view the parameter value c Use the and keys to edit the value d Use the key to save the data to memory 2 Programming using the CF switches Set the speed by following these steps a Turn the Run command OFF Stop Mode b Turn each switch ON and set it to Multi speed Display the value of F_01 on the digital operator c Set the desired output frequency by pressing the and keys d Press the key once to store the set frequency When this occurs F_01 indicates the output frequency of Multi speed n e Press the key once to confirm that the indication is the same as the set frequency f Repeat operations in 2 a to 2 e to set the frequency of other Multi speeds It can be set also by parameters A_20 to A_35 in the first procedure 1 a to 1 d Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings F_01 A_01 02 A_20 to A_35 Notes When programming the multi speed settings be sure to press the Store key each time and then set the next multi speed setting Note that when the key is not pressed no data will be set When a multi speed setting more than 50Hz 60Hz is to be set it is necessary to program the maximum frequency A_04 high enough to allow that speed Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name
36. a braking time that is long enough to cause motor overheating If you use DC braking we recommend using a motor with a built in thermistor and wiring it to the inverter s thermistor input see Thermistor Thermal Protection on page 4 20 Also refer to the motor manufacturer s specifications for duty cycle recommendations during DC braking DC braking Free run Running A 53 A 55 t 0 A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_51 DC braking enable Two options select codes 00 Disable 01 Enable 00 00 00 DCB SW OFF A_52 DC braking frequency setting The frequency at which DC braking occurs range is 0 5 to 10 Hz 0 5 0 5 0 5 Hz DCB F 00 5Hz A_53 DC braking wait time The delay from the end of Run command to start of DC braking motor free runs until DC braking begins 0 0 0 0 0 0 sec DCB WAIT 0 0s A_54 DC braking during deceleration Applied level of DC braking force settable from 0 to 100 0 0 0 DCB V 000 A_55 DC braking time for deceleration Sets the duration for DC braking range is 0 1 to 60 0 seconds 0 0 0 0 0 0 sec DCB T 00 0s A Group Standard Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 16 Frequency related Functions Frequency Limits Upper and lower limits can be imposed on the invert
37. a good metallic connection between the shielding of the motor cable the metal PG screw connection the terminal box and the motor housing If necessary carefully remove paint between conducting surfaces L100 Inverter Appendix C C 3 4 Take measures to minimize interference that is frequently coupled in through installa tion cables Separate interfering cables with 0 25m minimum from cables susceptible to inter ference A particularly critical point is laying parallel cables over longer distances If two cables intersect one crosses over the other the interference is smallest if they intersect at an angle of 90 Cables susceptible to interference should therefore only intersect motor cables intermediate circuit cables or the wiring of a rheostat at right angles and never be laid parallel to them over longer distances 5 Minimize the distance between an interference source and an interference sink inter ference threatened device thereby decreasing the effect of the emitted interference on the interference sink You should use only interference free devices and maintain a minimum distance of 0 25 m from the adjustable frequency inverter 6 Follow safety measures in the filter installation Ensure that the ground terminal PE of the filter is properly connected to the ground terminal of the adjustable frequency inverter An HF ground connection via metal contact between the housings of the filter and the
38. adjustable frequency inverter or solely via cable shield is not permitted as a protective conductor connection The filter must be solidly and permanently connected with the ground potential so as to preclude the danger of electric shock upon touching the filter if a fault occurs To achieve a protective ground connection for the filter Ground the filter with a conductor of at least 10 mm2 cross sectional area Connect a second grounding conductor using a separate grounding terminal parallel to the protective conductor The cross section of each single protective conductor terminal must be sized for the required nominal load CE EMC Installation Guidelines Appendix C C 4 L1 L2 L3 PE M 3 L100 inverter with footprint type filter L100 Inverter Appendix C C 5 L1 L2 L3 PE L100 inverter with book type filter M 3 Hitachi EMC Recommendations Appendix C C 6 Hitachi EMC Recommendations WARNING This equipment should be installed adjusted and serviced by qualified personal familiar with construction and operation of the equipment and the hazards involved Failure to observe this precaution could result in bodily injury Use the following checklist to ensure the inverter is within proper operating ranges and conditions 1 The power supply to L100 inverters must meet these specifications Voltage fluctuation 10 or less Voltage imbalance 3 or less Frequenc
39. all the steps in this chapter up to this step The inverter is new and is securely mounted to a non flammable vertical surface The inverter is connected to a power source and motor No additional wiring of inverter connectors or terminals has been done The power supply is reliable and the motor is a known working unit and the motor nameplate ratings match the inverter ratings The motor is securely mounted and is not connected to any load Goals for the Powerup Test If there are any exceptions to the above conditions at this step please take a moment to take any measures necessary to reach this basic starting point The specific goals of this powerup test are 1 Verify that the wiring to the power supply and motor is correct 2 Demonstrate that the inverter and motor are generally compatible 3 Give a brief introduction to the use of the built in operator keypad The powerup test gives you an important starting point to ensure a safe and successful application of the Hitachi inverter We highly recommend performing this test before proceeding to the other chapters in this manual 8 9 Powerup Test Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 20 Pre test and Operational Precautions The following instructions apply to the powerup test or to any time the inverter is powered and operating Please study the following instructions and messages before proceeding with the powerup test 1 The pow
40. cause equipment damage or fire 2 8 WARNING Use 60 75 C Cu wire only or equivalent 2 13 WARNING Open Type Equipment 2 13 WARNING Suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 5 000 rms symmetrical amperes 240 V maximum For models with suffix N or L 2 13 L100 Inverter v Wiring Cautions for Electrical Practices WARNING Suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 5 000 rms symmetrical amperes 480 V maximum For models with suffix H 2 13 HIGH VOLTAGE Be sure to ground the unit Otherwise there is a danger of electric shock and or fire 2 13 HIGH VOLTAGE Wiring work shall be carried out only by qualified personnel Otherwise there is a danger of electric shock and or fire 2 13 HIGH VOLTAGE Implement wiring after checking that the power supply is OFF Otherwise you may incur electric shock and or fire 2 13 HIGH VOLTAGE Do not connect wiring to an inverter or operate an inverter that is not mounted according the instructions given in this manual Otherwise there is a danger of electric shock and or injury to personnel 2 13 WARNING Make sure the input power to the inverter is OFF If the drive has been powered leave it OFF for five minutes before continuing 2 19 CAUTION Fasten the screws with the specified fastening torque in the table below Check
41. debris from entering 4 Check the inverter mounting dimensions for footprint and mounting hole locations 5 Study the caution and warning messages associated with wiring the inverter 6 Connect wiring for the inverter power input 7 Connect wiring to the motor 8 Remove any covers applied in Step 3 from the inverter s ventilation openings CAUTION The inverter is shipped with a plastic cover over the top vent grill REMOVE this cover after the installation is complete Operation with this cover in place will not allow proper cooling and damage to the inverter may result 9 Perform a powerup test 10 Make observations and check your installation L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 7 Choosing a Mounting Location Step 1 Study the following caution messages associated with mounting the inverter This is the time when mistakes are most likely to occur that will result in expensive rework equipment damage or personal injury CAUTION Be sure to install the unit on flame resistant material such as a steel plate Otherwise there is the danger of fire CAUTION Be sure not to place any flammable materials near the inverter Otherwise there is the danger of fire CAUTION Be sure not to let the foreign matter enter vent openings in the inverter housing such as wire clippings spatter from welding metal shavings dust etc Other wise there is the danger of fire CAUTION Be sure to instal
42. for the rated inverter current Rated current for each inverter model See note E THM LVL 03 00A B_13 Electronic thermal characteristic Select from two curves option codes 00 Reduced torque 01 Constant torque 01 01 00 E THM CHAR CRT L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 25 Overload Restriction If the inverter s output current exceeds a preset current level you specify during acceleration or constant speed the overload restriction feature automatically reduces the output frequency to restrict the overload This feature does not generate an alarm or trip event You can instruct the inverter to apply overload restriction only during constant speed thus allowing higher currents for acceleration Or you may use the same threshold for both acceleration and constant speed In the case of controlled deceleration the inverter monitors both output current and DC bus voltage The inverter will increase output frequency to try to avoid a trip due to over current or over voltage due to regeneration When the inverter detects an overload it must decelerate the motor to reduce the current until it is less than the threshold You can choose the rate of deceleration that the inverter uses to lower the output current Motor Current Output frequency B 22 B 23 t t Restriction area 0 0 B Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SR
43. frequency harmonics even though the main goal is to produce lower frequency sine waves These harmonics can be harmful to electronics including motor windings and cause radiated energy that interferes with nearby electronic devices Chokes line reactors and filters are sometimes used to suppress the transmission of harmonics in an electrical system See also Choke Horsepower A unit of physical measure to quantify the amount of work done per unit of time You can directly convert between horsepower and Watts as measurements of power IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor IGBT A semiconductor transistor capable of conducting very large currents when in satura tion and capable of withstanding very high voltages when it is OFF This high power bipolar transistor is the type used in Hitachi invert ers Inertia The natural resistance a stationary object to being moved by an external force See also Momentum Intelligent Terminal A configurable input or output logic function on the Hitachi invert ers Each terminal may be assigned one of several functions Inverter A device that electronically changes DC to AC current through an alternating process of switching the input to the output inverted and non inverted A variable speed drive such as the Hitachi L100 is also called an inverter since it contains three inverter circuits to generate 3 phase output to the motor Isolation Transformer A transformer with 1 1 voltage ratio that provid
44. function or parameter list press and hold the or key to auto increment through the list Action Display Func Parameter Press the key Monitor functions Press the or keys until gt A Group selected Press the key First A parameter Press the key twice Base frequency setting Press the key or Default value for base frequency US 60 Hz Europe 50 Hz Press the or key as needed Set to your motor specs your display may be different Press the key Stores parameter returns to A Group list FUNC d 01 1 2 d 01 FUNC A 01 1 A 03 FUNC 60 5 0 1 2 60 STR A 03 1 2 L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 25 Select the Potentiometer for Speed Command The motor speed may be controlled from the following sources Potentiometer on front panel keypad Control terminals Remote panel Then follow the steps in the table below to select the potentiometer for the speed command the table resumes action from the end of the previous table Select the Keypad for the RUN Command The RUN command causes the inverter to accelerate the motor to the selected speed You can program the inverter to respond to either the control terminal signal or the keypad RUN key Follow the steps in the table below to select the front panel RUN key as the source for the RUN Command the table resumes action from the end of the previous t
45. have it turn OFF at a different frequency during deceleration All transitions have hyster esis to avoid output chatter if the output frequency is near one of the thresholds Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Output State Description 01 FA1 Frequency Arrival Type 1 Constant Speed ON when output to motor is at the set frequency OFF when output to motor is OFF or in any accelera tion or deceleration ramp 02 FA2 Frequency Arrival Type 2 Over frequency ON when output to motor is at or above the set frequency thresholds for even if in acceleration or deceleration ramps OFF when output to motor is OFF or during accelera tion or deceleration before the respective thresh olds are crossed Valid for outputs 11 12 Required settings none Notes For most applications you will need to use only one type of frequency arrival outputs see examples However it is possible assign both output terminals to output functions FA1 and FA2 For each frequency arrival threshold the output anticipates the threshold turns ON early by 1 5Hz The output turns OFF as the output frequency moves away from the threshold delayed by 0 5Hz The delay time of the output signal is 60 ms nominal Example default output configuration shown see page 3 36 See I O specs on page 4 6 RY Inverter output terminal circuit FA1 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 Using Inte
46. history monitor Displays the previous two events and their causes ERR2 EEPROM ERR2 0 0Hz ERR2 0 0A ERR2 330 0Vdc ERR2 RUN 000000H ERR3 EEPROM ERR3 0 0Hz ERR3 0 0A ERR3 328 7Vdc ERR3 RUN 000000H Cumulative operation RUN time monitor Displays total time the inverter has been in RUN mode in hours hours RUN 000000H Trip count Displays cumulative number of trip events trips ERROR COUNT 009 F Group Main Profile Parameters Configuring Drive Parameters 3 8 F Group Main Profile Parameters The basic frequency speed profile is defined by parameters contained in the F Group as shown to the right The set running frequency is in Hz but accelera tion and deceleration are specified in the time duration of the ramp from zero to maximum frequency or from maximum frequency to zero The motor direction parameter determines whether the keypad Run key produces a FWD or REV command This parameter does not affect the intelli gent terminal FWD and REV functions which you configure separately Acceleration 1 and Deceleration 1 are the standard default accel and decel values for the main profile Accel and decel values for an alternative profile are specified by using parameters A_92 through A_93 The motor direction selection F_04 determines the direction of rotation as commanded only from the keypad Output frequency F 01 F 02 F 03 t 0 F
47. injury 2 20 2 24 CAUTION Check the following before and during the powerup test Otherwise there is the danger of equipment damage Is the shorting bar between the 1 and terminals installed DO NOT power or operate the inverter if the jumper is removed Is the direction of the motor rotation correct Did the inverter trip during acceleration or decelera tion Were the rpm and frequency meter readings as expected Were there any abnormal motor vibrations or noise 2 20 L100 Inverter vii Warnings for Configuring Drive Parameters Cautions for Configuring Drive Parameters Warnings for Operations and Monitoring WARNING When parameter B_12 level of electronic thermal setting is set to device FLA rating Full Load Ampere nameplate rating the device provides solid state motor overload protection at 115 of device FLA or equivalent Parameter B_12 level of electronic thermal setting is a variable parameter 3 24 WARNING Use a disconnect switch or breaker to ensure that you do not connect the motor or inverter to live wiring Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock 3 28 CAUTION Be careful to avoid specifying a braking time that is long enough to cause motor overheating If you use DC braking we recom mend using a motor with a built in thermistor and wiring it to the inverter s thermistor input see Thermistor Thermal Protection on pag
48. interconnected with a short bus b A thyristor converter and an inverter are interconnected with a short bus c An installed phase advance capacitor opens and closes Where these conditions exist or when the connected equipment must be highly reliable you MUST install an input side AC reactor of 3 at a voltage drop at rated current with respect to the supply voltage on the power supply side Also where the effects of an indirect lightning strike are possible install a lightning conductor R1 S1 T1 R2 S2 T2 L1 L2 L3 U V W EMI Filter Inverter Motor EMI Filter Inverter noise Motor Remote Operator Completely ground the enclosed panel metal screen etc with as short a wire as possible Grounded frame Conduit or shielded cable to be grounded xii CAUTION When the EEPROM error E08 occurs be sure to confirm the setting values again CAUTION When using normally closed active state settings C_11 to C_15 for exter nally commanded Forward or Reverse terminals FW or RV the inverter may start automatically when the external system is powered OFF or disconnected from the inverter So do not use normally closed active state settings for Forward or Reverse terminals FW or RV unless your system design protects against unintended motor operation CAUTION In all the illustrations in this manual covers and safety devices are occasionally removed to describe the details Whi
49. inverter terminals L1 L2 L3 200V class 200 to 240V 50 60 Hz 400V class 380 to 460V 50 60 Hz Main circuit Ground Insulation Adequate resistance Digital volt meter GND to terminals 5 Meg Ohms or greater Mounting No loose screws Torque wrench M3 0 5 0 6 Nm M4 0 98 1 3 Nm M5 1 5 2 0 Nm Components Overheating Thermal trip events No trip events Housing Dirt dust Visual Vacuum dust and dirt Terminal block Secure connections Visual No abnormalities Smoothing capacitor Leaking swelling Visual No abnormalities Relay s Chattering Aural Single click when switching ON or OFF Resistors Cracks or discoloring Visual Use Ohm meter to check braking resistors Cooling fan Noise Power down manually rotate Rotation must be smooth Dust Visual Vacuum to clean Control circuit Overall No odor discoloring corrosion Visual No abnormalities Capacitor No leaks or deformation Visual Undistorted appearance Display LEDs Legibility Visual All LED segments work Maintenance and Inspection Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 10 Megger Test The megger is a piece of test equipment that uses a high voltage to determine if an insulation degradation has occurred For inverters it is important that the power termi nals be isolated from the Earth GND terminal via the proper amount of insulatio
50. nearby sensitive electrical instruments or devices Certain aspects of an installation such as long motor lead wire lengths tend to increase the chance of EMI Hitachi provides accessory filter components you can install to decrease the level of EMI Four quadrant operation Referring to a graph of torque versus direction a four quadrant drive can turn the motor either forward or reverse as well as decel erate in either direction see also reverse torque A load that has a relatively high inertia and must move in both directions and change directions rapidly requires four quadrant capability from its drive Free run Stop A method of stopping a motor caused when the inverter simply turns OFF its motor output connections This may allow the motor and load to coast to a stop or a mechanical brake may intervene and shorten the deceleration time Glossary Appendix A A 4 Frequency Setting While frequency has a broad meaning in electronics it typically refers to motor speed for variable frequency drives inverters This is because the output frequency of the inverter is variable and is proportional to the attained motor speed For example a motor with a base frequency of 60 Hz can be speed controlled with an inverter output varying form 0 to 60 Hz See also Base Frequency Carrier Frequency and Slip Harmonics A harmonic is a whole number multiple of a base of fundamental frequency The square waves used in inverters produce high
51. not run without outside intervention When USP is active and you need to reset an alarm and resume running either turn the Run command OFF or perform a reset operation by the terminal RS input or the keypad Stop reset key In the figure below the UPS feature is enabled When the inverter power turns ON the motor does not start even though the Run command is already active Instead it enters the USP trip state and displays E13 error code This requires outside intervention to reset the alarm by turning OFF the Run command per this example or applying a reset Then the Run command can turn ON again and start the inverter output Inverter output frequency Inverter power supply USP terminal Alarm output terminal RUN command FW RV Run command Alarm cleared Alarm display E13 t 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Events Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 13 USP Unattended Start Protection ON On powerup the inverter will not resume a Run command mostly used in the US OFF On powerup the inverter will resume a Run command that was active before power loss Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings none Notes Note that when a USP error occurs and it is canceled by a reset from a RS terminal input the inverter restarts running immediately Even when the trip state is canceled by turning the terminal RS ON and OFF after
52. of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 Inverter Specifications Getting Started 1 16 Derating curves continued L100 075HFE HFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 70 80 90 100 95 85 75 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 17 Introduction to Variable Frequency Drives The Purpose of Motor Speed Control for Industry Hitachi inverters provide speed control for 3 phase AC induction motors You connect AC power to the inverter and connect the inverter to the motor Many applications benefit from a motor with variable speed in several ways Energy savings HVAC Need to coordinate speed with an adjacent process textiles and printing presses Need to control acceleration and deceleration torque Sensitive loads elevators food processing pharmaceuticals What is an Inverter The term inverter and variable frequency drive are related and somewhat interchange able An electronic motor drive for an AC motor can control the motor s speed by varying the frequency of the power sent to the motor An inverter in general is a device that converts DC power to AC power The figure below shows how the variable frequency drive employs an internal inverter The drive first converts incoming AC power to DC through a rectifier bridge creating an internal DC bus voltage Then the inverter circuit converts
53. operation Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings none Notes When the control terminal RS input is already ON at powerup for more than 4 seconds the remote operator display is R ERROR COMM lt 2 gt the display of the digital operator OPE J is However the inverter has no error To clear the digital operator error turn OFF the terminal RS input and press one of the operator keys Pressing the Stop Reset key of the digital operator can generate a reset operation only when an alarm occurs A terminal configured with the RS function can only be configured for normally open operation The terminal cannot be used in the normally closed contact state When input power is turned ON the inverter performs the same reset operation as it does when a pulse on the RS terminal occurs The Stop Reset key on the inverter is only operational for a few seconds after inverter powerup when a hand held remote operator is connected to the inverter If the RS terminal is turned ON while the motor is running the motor will be free running coasting Example default input configuration shown see page 3 32 See I O specs on page 4 6 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 RS Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 20 Thermistor Thermal Protection Motors that are equipped with a thermistor can be protected from overheating Input terminal
54. possibility of damage to the inverter and the danger of injury and or fire CAUTION Remarks for using ground fault interrupter breakers in the main power supply Adjustable frequency inverters with CE filters RFI filter and shielded screened motor cables have a higher leakage current toward Earth GND Especially at the moment of switching ON this can cause an inadvertent trip of ground fault interrupters Because of the rectifier on the input side of the inverter there is the possibility to stall the switch off function through small amounts of DC current Please observe the following Use only short time invariant and pulse current sensitive ground fault interrupters with higher trigger current Other components should be secured with separate ground fault interrupters Ground fault interrupters in the power input wiring of an inverter are not an absolute protection against electric shock CAUTION Be sure to install a fuse for each phase of the main power supply to the inverter Otherwise there is the danger of fire CAUTION For motor leads ground fault interrupter breakers and electromagnetic contactors be sure to size these components properly each must have the capacity for rated current and voltage Otherwise there is the danger of fire Power Input Power Output L1 L2 N L3 T1 T2 T3 U V W L N NOTE L N L1 L2 L3 Single phase 200 to 240V 50 60 Hz Three phase 200 to 230V 50 60 Hz Three pha
55. signals during operation CAUTION Be sure to connect the grounding terminal to earth ground CAUTION When inspecting the unit be sure to wait five minutes after tuning OFF the power supply before opening the cover WARNING Wait at least five 5 minutes after turning OFF the input power supply before performing maintenance or an inspection Other wise there is the danger of electric shock 6 2 WARNING Make sure that only qualified personnel will perform maintenance inspection and part replacement Before starting to work remove any metallic objects from your person wristwatch bracelet etc Be sure to use tools with insulated handles Otherwise there is a danger of electric shock and or injury to personnel 6 2 WARNING Never remove connectors by pulling on its wire leads wires for cooling fan and logic P C board Otherwise there is a danger of fire due to wire breakage and or injury to personnel 6 2 CAUTION Do not connect the megger to any control circuit terminals such as intelligent I O analog terminals etc Doing so could cause damage to the inverter 6 10 CAUTION Never test the withstand voltage HIPOT on the inverter The inverter has a surge protector between the main circuit terminals above and the chassis ground 6 10 HIGH VOLTAGE Be careful not to touch wiring or connector terminals when working with the inverters and taking measurements Be sure t
56. terminal circuit OD L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 27 Alarm Signal The inverter alarm signal is active when a fault has occurred and it is in the Trip Mode refer to the diagram at right When the fault is cleared the alarm signal becomes inactive We must make a distinction between the alarm signal AL and the alarm relay contacts AL0 AL1 and AL2 The signal AL is a logic function which you can assign to the open collec tor output terminals 11 or 12 The relay is dedicated to the function AL thus the labeling of its terminals Use an open collector output terminal 11 or 12 for a low current logic signal interface or to energize a small relay 50 mA maximum Use the relay output to interface to higher voltage and current devices 10 mA minimum RUN STOP RESET STOP RESET Run Stop Trip Fault Fault Alarm signal active Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Output State Description 05 AL Alarm Signal ON when an alarm signal has occurred and has not been cleared OFF when no alarm has occurred since the last clearing of alarm s Valid for outputs 11 12 Required settings C_33 Notes When the alarm output is set to normally closed a time delay of less than 2 seconds occurs until the contact is closed when the power is turned ON Terminals 11 and 12 are open collector outputs so the electric specifications of AL are different from the co
57. time less than 1 0 second the inverter may not be able to change rates to Acc2 or Dec2 before reaching the target frequency In that case the inverter decreases the rate of Acc1 or Dec1 in order to achieve the second ramp to the target frequency Accel 1 Accel 2 2CH input Frequency transition point A 95 A_94 00 A_94 01 Output frequency Output frequency t t Accel 1 Accel 2 t Transition via 2CH input Transition via freq level 0 0 1 0 A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_92 Acceleration 2 time setting Duration of 2nd segment of acceleration range is 0 1 to 3000 sec 15 0 15 0 15 0 sec ACC 2 0015 0s A_93 Deceleration 2 time setting Duration of 2nd segment of deceleration range is 0 1 to 3000 sec 15 0 15 0 15 0 sec DEC 2 0015 0s A_94 Select method to switch to Acc2 Dec2 profile Two options for switching from 1st to 2nd accel decel 00 2CH input from terminal 01 transition frequency 00 00 00 ACC CHG TM A_95 Acc1 to Acc2 frequency transition point Output frequency at which Accel1 switches to Accel2 range is 0 0 to 360 0 Hz 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hz ACC CHFr 000 0Hz A_96 Dec1 to Dec2 frequency transition point Output frequency at which Decel1 switches to Decel2 range is 0 0 to 360 0 Hz 0 0
58. x 5 4 DC link choke DCL x xx HDC xxx 5 4 Braking resistor JRB xxx x SRB xxx x JRB xxx x SRB xxx x 5 5 Braking resistor NEMA rated HRB x NSRBx00 x NJRB xxx 5 5 Resistance braking unit BRD xxx BRD xxx 5 5 RF noise filter output side ZCL xxx ZCL xxx 5 4 AC reactor output side ALI x2 xxx HRL xxx 5 3 LCR filter Combination ALI x2 xxx LPF xxx R 2 xxx HRL xxC 5 3 AC reactor RF noise filter EMI filter Capacitive filter DC link choke Braking resistor Braking unit RF noise filter AC reactor or LCR filter L100 Inverter Motor Control Accessories 5 3 Component Descriptions AC Reactors Input Side This is useful in suppressing harmonics induced on the power supply lines or when the main power voltage imbalance exceeds 3 and power source capacity is more than 500 kVA or to smooth out line fluctuations It also improves the power factor In the following cases for a general purpose inverter a large peak current flows on the main power supply side and is able to destroy the inverter module If the unbalanced factor of the power supply is 3 or higher If the power supply capacity is at least 10 times greater than the inverter capacity the power supply capacity is 500 kVA or more If abrupt power supply changes are expected Examples of these situations include
59. 0 A_97 Acceleration curve selection 00 00 00 A_98 Deceleration curve selection 00 00 00 A Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Func Code Name FE Europe FU USA FR Japan Parameter Settings for Keypad Entry Appendix B B 6 Fine Tuning Functions B Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Func Code Name FE Europe FU USA FR Japan B_01 Selection of automatic restart mode 00 00 00 B_02 Allowable under voltage power failure time 1 0 1 0 1 0 B_03 Retry wait time before motor restart 1 0 1 0 1 0 B_12 Level of electronic thermal setting Rated current for each inverter Rated current for each inverter Rated current for each inverter B_13 Electronic thermal characteristic 01 01 00 B_21 Overload restriction operation mode 01 01 01 B_22 Overload restriction setting Rated current x 1 25 Rated current x 1 25 Rated current x 1 25 B_23 Deceleration rate at overload restriction 1 0 1 0 1 0 B_31 Software lock mode selection 01 01 01 B_32 Reactive current setting Rated current x 0 58 Rated current x 0 58 Rated current x 0 58 B_81 FM terminal analog meter adjustment 80 80 80 B_82 Start frequency adjustment 0 5 0 5 0 5 B_83 Carrier frequency setting 5 0 5 0 12 0 B_84 Initialization mode parameters or trip history 00 00 00 B_85 Country code
60. 0 0 0 0 Hz DEC CHFr 000 0Hz L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 21 Accel Decel Standard acceleration and deceleration is linear The inverter CPU can also calculate an S curve acceleration or deceleration curve as shown This profile is useful for favoring the load characteristics in particu lar applications Curve settings for acceleration and decel eration are independently selected To enable the S curve use function A_97 acceleration and A_98 deceleration Acceleration period S curve Linear Accel curve selection Target freq Output frequency t 0 A_97 00 A_97 01 A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_97 Acceleration curve selection Set the characteristic curve of Acc1 and Acc2 two options 00 linear 01 S curve 00 00 00 ACCEL LINE L A_98 Deceleration curve selection Set the characteristic curve of Acc1 and Acc2 two options 00 linear 01 S curve 00 00 00 DEC LINE L B Group Fine Tuning Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 22 B Group Fine Tuning Functions The B Group of functions and parameters adjust some of the more subtle but useful aspects of motor control and system configuration Automatic Restart Mode The restart mode determines how the inverter will resume operat
61. 100 004NFE NFU 0 55 3 4 L100 005NFE 0 75 1 L100 007NFE NFU 15 single ph 10 three ph 1 1 1 1 2 L100 011NFE 1 5 2 L100 015NFE NFU 20 single ph 15 three ph 2 2 3 L100 022NFE NFU 30 single ph 20 three ph 3 7 5 L100 037LFU 30 5 5 7 1 2 L100 055LFU 40 7 5 10 L100 075LFU 50 400V 0 4 1 2 L100 004HFE HFU 3 0 75 1 L100 007HFE HFU 6 1 5 2 L100 015HFE HFU 10 2 2 3 L100 022HFE HFU 10 3 0 4 L100 030HFE 15 4 0 5 L100 040HFE HFU 15 5 5 7 1 2 L100 055HFE HFU 20 7 5 10 L100 075HFE HFU 25 L100 Inverter xv Safety Messages Hazardous High Voltage i General Precautions Read These First ii Index to Warnings and Cautions in This Manual iv General Warnings and Cautions ix UL Cautions Warnings and Instructions xii Table of Contents Revisions xvii Contact Information xviii Chapter 1 Getting Started Introduction 1 2 L100 Inverter Specifications 1 5 Introduction to Variable Frequency Drives 1 17 Frequently Asked Questions 1 22 Chapter 2 Inverter Mounting and Installation Orientation to Inverter Features 2 2 Basic System Description 2 5 Step by Step Basic Installation 2 6 Powerup Test 2 19 Using the Front Panel Keypad 2 21 Chapter 3 Configuring Drive Parameters Choosing a Programming Device 3 2 Using Keypad Devices 3 3 D Group Monitoring Functions 3 6 F Group Main Profile Parameters 3 8 A Group
62. 13 system diagram 4 5 Z Zero phase reactor 5 4
63. 4 C Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units C_01 Terminal 1 function Select function for terminal 1 15 options see next section 00 FW 00 FW 00 FW IN TM 1 FW C_02 Terminal 2 function Select function for terminal 2 15 options see next section 01 RV 01 RV 01 RV IN TM 2 RV C_03 Terminal 3 function Select function for terminal 3 15 options see next section 02 CF1 16 AT 02 CF1 IN TM 3 AT C_04 Terminal 4 function Select function for terminal 4 15 options see next section 03 CF2 13 USP 03 CF2 IN TM 4 USP C_05 Terminal 5 function Select function for terminal 5 16 options see next section 18 RS 18 RS 18 RS IN TM 5 2CH L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 33 The input logic convention is programmable for each of the five inputs Most inputs default to normally open active high but you can select normally closed active low in order to invert the sense of the logic NOTE An input terminal configured for option code 18 RS Reset command cannot be configured for normally closed operation Intelligent Input Terminal Overview Each of the five intelligent terminals may be assigned any of the options in the following table When you program one of the option co
64. 4 5 L P24 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 AL0 AL2 AL1 Terminal Name Description Ratings P24 24V for logic inputs 24VDC 30 mA max do not short to terminal L 1 2 3 4 5 Discrete logic inputs 27VDC max use P24 or an external supply refer enced to terminal L L top row 1 GND for logic inputs sum of input 1 5 currents return 11 12 Discrete logic outputs 50mA maximum ON state current 27 VDC maximum OFF state voltage CM2 GND for logic outputs 100 mA sum of 11 and 12 currents return FM PWM analog digital output 0 to 10VDC 1 mA PWM and 50 duty digital L bottom row 1 GND for analog inputs sum of OI O and H currents return OI Analog input current 4 to 19 6 mA range 20 mA nominal O Analog input voltage 0 to 9 6 VDC range 10VDC nominal input impedance 10 k H 10V analog reference 10VDC nominal 10 mA max AL0 Relay common contact 250 VAC 2 5A R load max 250 VAC 0 2A I load P F 0 4 max 100 VAC 10mA min 30 VDC 3 0A R load max 30 VDC 0 7A I load P F 0 4 max 5 VDC 100mA min AL1 Relay contact normally closed during RUN AL2 Relay contact normally open during RUN L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 7 Terminal Listing Use the following tables to locate pages for intelligent input and output material in this chapter Intelligent Inputs Symbol Code Name Page FW 00 Forward Run Stop
65. 4NFE NFU 0 55 3 4 L100 005NFE 0 9 1 2 0 75 1 L100 007NFE NFU 14 1 1 1 1 2 L100 011NFE 1 5 2 L100 015NFE NFU 12 2 2 3 L100 022NFE NFU 10 3 7 5 L100 037LFU 12 5 5 7 1 2 L100 055LFU 10 1 5 2 0 7 5 10 L100 075LFU 8 400V 0 4 1 2 L100 004HFE HFU 16 0 9 1 2 0 75 1 L100 007HFE HFU 1 5 2 L100 015HFE HFU 2 2 3 L100 022HFE HFU 3 0 4 L100 030HFE 14 4 0 5 L100 040HFE HFU 5 5 7 1 2 L100 055HFE HFU 12 1 5 2 0 7 5 10 L100 075HFE HFU Cable Terminal ring lug Cable support xiv Circuit Breaker and Fuse Sizes The inverter s connections to input power must include UL Listed inverse time circuit breakers with 600V rating or UL Listed fuses as shown in the table below Motor Overload Protection Hitachi L100 inverters provide solid state motor overload protection which depends on the proper setting of the following parameters B_12 electronic overload protection Set the rated current Amperes of the motor s with the above parameters The setting range is 0 5 rated current to 1 2 rated current WARNING When two or more motors are connected to the inverter they cannot be protected by the electronic overload protection Install an external thermal relay on each motor Input Voltage Motor Output Inverter Model Fuse A UL rated class J 600V kW HP 200V 0 2 1 4 L100 002NFE NFU 10 single ph 7 three ph 0 4 1 2 L
66. 5 has the unique ability to sense a thermistor resistance When the resistance value of the thermistor connected to terminal TH 5 and L is more than 3 k Ohms 10 the inverter enters the Trip Mode turns OFF the output to the motor and indicates the trip status E35 Use this function to protect the motor from overheating Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 19 TH Thermistor Thermal Protection Sensor When a thermistor is connected to terminals 5 and L the inverter checks for over temperature and will cause trip E35 and turn OFF the output to the motor Open An open circuit in the thermistor causes a trip and the inverter turns OFF the output Valid for inputs C_05 only Required settings none Notes Be sure the thermistor is connected to terminals 5 and L If the resistance is above the threshold the inverter will trip When the motor cools down enough the thermistor resistance will change enough to permit you to clear the error Press the STOP Reset key to clear the error Example requires input configuration see page 3 32 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 See I O specs on page 4 6 TH thermistor MOTOR L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 21 Using Intelligent Output Terminals The intelligent output terminals are programmable in a similar way to the intelligent input terminals The inverter has several output functions that you can as
67. 7 5 20 30 30 100 100 130 130 075HFE HFU 10 20 20 20 70 70 100 100 L100 Inverter 400V Models Braking Torque with TWO 2 BRD EZ2 Braking Units Model Number HP Braking torque without braking unit Using built in resistor only External resistor added HRB1 x 2 HRB2 x 2 HRB3 x 2 A B A B A B A B 004HFE HFU 1 2 50 150 150 007HFE HFU 1 50 150 150 015HFE HFU 2 50 150 150 022HFE HFU 3 20 130 130 030HFE HFU 4 20 100 100 040HFE HFU 5 20 70 70 055HFE HFU 7 5 20 50 50 150 150 075HFE HFU 10 20 40 40 140 140 Troubleshooting and Maintenance In This Chapter page Troubleshooting 2 Monitoring Trip Events History amp Conditions 5 Restoring Factory Default Settings 8 Maintenance and Inspection 9 Warranty 16 6 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 2 Troubleshooting Safety Messages Please read the following safety messages before troubleshooting or performing mainte nance on the inverter and motor system WARNING Wait at least five 5 minutes after turning OFF the input power supply before performing maintenance or an inspection Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock WARNING Make sure that onl
68. A 64 A 66 A 66 A 68 A 68 A 65 A 67 Hysteresis values 0 A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_63 A_65 A_67 Jump center frequency setting Up to 3 output frequencies can be defined for the output to jump past to avoid motor resonances center frequency Range is 0 0 to 360 0 Hz 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hz JUMP F1 000 0Hz JUMP F2 000 0Hz JUMP F3 000 0Hz A_64 A_66 A_68 Jump hysteresis frequency width setting Defines the distance from the center frequency at which the jump around occurs Range is 0 0 to 10 0 Hz 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 Hz JUMP W1 00 50Hz JUMP W2 00 50Hz JUMP W3 00 50Hz A Group Standard Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 18 PID Control When enabled the built in PID loop calculates an ideal inverter output value to cause a loop feedback process variable PV to move closer in value to the setpoint SP The current frequency command serves as the SP The PID loop algorithm will read the analog input for the process variable you specify the current or voltage input and calcu late the output A scale factor in A_75 lets you multiply the PV by a factor converting it into engineering units for the process Proportional integral and derivative gains are all adjustable
69. F Inverter is in Stop Mode 09 2CH 2 stage Acceleration and Deceleration ON Frequency output uses 2nd stage acceleration and deceleration values OFF Frequency output uses standard acceleration and deceleration values 11 FRS Free run Stop ON Causes output to turn OFF allowing motor to free run coast to stop OFF Output operates normally so controlled deceler ation stops motor 12 EXT External Trip ON When assigned input transitions OFF to ON inverter latches trip event and displays E12 OFF No trip event for ON to OFF any recorded trip events remain in history until Reset 13 USP Unattended Start Protection ON On powerup the inverter will not resume a Run command mostly used in the US OFF On powerup the inverter will resume a Run command that was active before power loss L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 35 15 SFT Software Lock ON The keypad and remote programming devices are prevented from changing parameters OFF The parameters may be edited and stored 16 AT Analog Input Voltage current Select ON Terminal OI is enabled for current input uses terminal L for power supply return OFF Terminal O is enabled for voltage input uses terminal L for power supply return 18 RS Reset Inverter ON The trip condition is reset the motor output is turned OFF and powerup reset is asserted OFF Normal power ON operation 19 PTC PTC Thermistor Thermal Protect
70. Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units F_01 Output frequency setting Standard default target frequency that determines constant motor speed range is 0 to 360 Hz 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hz TM 000 0 0 0Hz F_02 Acceleration 1 time setting Standard default acceleration range is 0 1 to 3000 sec 10 0 10 0 10 0 sec ACC 1 0010 0s F_03 Deceleration 1 time setting Standard default deceleration range is 0 1 to 3000 sec 10 0 10 0 10 0 sec DEC 1 0010 0s F_04 Keypad Run key routing Two options select codes 00 Forward 01 Reverse 00 00 00 INIT DOPE FWD L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 9 A Group Standard Functions Basic Parameter Settings These settings affect the most fundamental behavior of the inverter the outputs to the motor The frequency of the inverter s AC output determines the motor speed You may select from three different sources for the reference speed During application develop ment you may prefer using the potentiometer but you may switch to an external source control terminal setting in the finished application for example The base frequency and maximum frequency settings interact according to the graph below left The inverter output operation follows the constant V f curve until it reaches the full scale output voltage This in
71. H O OI FM CM2 L100 P24 AL1 AL0 AL2 Alarm contacts type 1 Form C Open collector outputs Analog reference R L1 S L2 T N L3 U T1 V T2 W T3 Motor Forward Reverse Intelligent inputs 5 terminals 4 20mA 0 10VDC NOTE For the wiring of intelligent I O and analog inputs be sure to use twisted pair shielded cable Attach the shield wire for each signal to its respective common terminal at the inverter end only Thermistor Meter Analog common Load Freq arrival signal Run signal Load Logic output common Input circuits Logic input common 24V 1 Braking unit optional DC reactor optional Output circuits 5 configurable as discrete input or thermistor input Power source 3 phase or 1 phase per inverter model Breaker MCCB or GFI Example Wiring Diagram Operations and Monitoring 4 6 Specifications of Control and Logic Connections The control logic connectors are located just behind the front panel half door The relay contacts are accessible behind the main door Connector labeling is shown below Specifications for the logic connection terminals are in the following table Note 1 The two terminals L are electrically connected together inside the inverter Relay contacts Logic inputs Analog inputs Analog output Logic outputs 1 2 3
72. HITACHI L100 Series Inverter Instruction Manual Single phase Input 200V Class Three phase Input 200V Class Three phase Input 400V Class After reading this manual keep it handy for future reference Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd Manual Number NB576XC Cover L100 Inverter i Safety Messages For the best results with the L100 Series inverter carefully read this manual and all of the warning labels attached to the inverter before installing and operating it and follow the instructions exactly Keep this manual handy for quick reference Definitions and Symbols A safety instruction message includes a Safety Alert Symbol and a signal word or phrase such as WARNING or CAUTION Each signal word has the following meaning HIGH VOLTAGE This symbol indicates high voltage It calls your attention to items or operations that could be dangerous to you and other persons operation this equipment Read the message and follow the instructions carefully WARNING Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that if not avoided can result in serious injury or death CAUTION Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that if not avoided can result in minor to moderate injury or serious damage to the product The situation described in the CAUTION may if not avoided lead to serious results Important safety measures are described in CAUTION as well as WARNING so be sure to observe them 1 S
73. How could the PID loop feature be useful in my application A You will need to determine the particular main variable in your application the motor affects That is the process variable PV for the motor Over time a faster motor speed will cause a faster change in the PV than a slow motor speed will By using the PID loop feature the inverter commands the motor to run at the optimal speed required to maintain the PV at the desired value for current conditions Using the PID loop feature will require an additional sensor and other wiring and is considered an advanced application Inverter Mounting and Installation In This Chapter page Orientation to Inverter Features 2 Basic System Description 5 Step by Step Basic Installation 6 Powerup Test 19 Using the Front Panel Keypad 21 2 Orientation to Inverter Features Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 2 Orientation to Inverter Features Unpacking and Inspection Please take a few moments to unpack your new L100 inverter and perform these steps 1 Look for any damage that may have occurred during shipping 2 Verify the contents of the box include a One L100 inverter b One Instruction Manual with self adhesive label for the inverter c One L100 Quick Reference Guide d One packet of desic
74. Hz without motor derating Model L100 002NFU L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 3 A full line of accessories from Hitachi is available to complete your application Digital remote operator keypad Dynamic braking unit Radio noise filters CE compliance filters and EMI filters shown below DIN rail mounting adapter 35mm rail size Operator Interface Options The optional SRW 0EX digital operator copy unit is shown to the right It has the additional capability of reading uploading the parameter settings in the inverter into its memory Then you can connect the copy unit on another inverter and write download the parameter settings into that inverter OEMs will find this unit particularly useful as one can use a single copy unit to transfer parameter settings from one inverter to many Other digital operator interfaces may be available from your Hitachi distributor for particular indus tries or international markets Contact your Hitachi distributor for further details EMI Filter Digital Operator Copy Unit Introduction Getting Started 1 4 Inverter Specifications Label The Hitachi L100 inverters have product labels located on the right side of the housing as pictured below Be sure to verify that the specifications on the labels match your power source motor and application safety requirements Model Number Convention The model number for a specific inverter contains use
75. Input State Description Example some CF inputs require input configuration some are default inputs see page 3 32 See I O specs on page 4 6 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 CF2 CF3 CF4 CF1 LSB MSB FUNC 1 2 STR 1 2 STR FUNC Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 12 Jogging Command The Jog input JG is used to command the motor to rotate slowly in small increments for manual operation The speed is limited to 10 Hz The frequency for the jogging opera tion is set by parameter A_38 Jogging does not use an acceleration ramp so we recom mend setting the jogging frequency A_38 to 5 Hz or less to prevent tripping When the terminal JG is turned ON and the Run command is issued the inverter outputs the programmed jog frequency to the motor To enable the Run key on the digital operator for jog input set the value 01 terminal mode in A_02 Run command source The type of deceleration used to end a motor jog operation is selectable by programming function A_39 The options are 00 Free run stop coasting 01 Deceleration normal level and stop 02 Use DC braking and stop JG FW RV Jog decel type Jog speed A 38 A 39 1 0 1 0 t Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 06 JG Jogging ON Inverter is in Run Mode output to motor runs at jog parameter frequency OFF Inverter
76. Operation and Dynamic Braking Break away Torque The torque a motor must produce to overcome the static friction of a load in order to start the load moving Carrier Frequency The frequency of the constant periodic switching waveform that the inverter modulates to generate the AC output to the motor See also PWM CE A regulatory agency for governing the performance of electronic products in Europe Drive installations designed to have CE approval must have particular filter s installed in the application Choke An inductor that is tuned to react at radio frequencies is called a choke since it attenuates chokes frequencies above a particular threshold Tuning is often accomplished by using a movable magnetic core In variable frequency drive systems a choke positioned around high current wiring can help attenuate harmful harmonics and protect equipment See also Harmonics L100 Inverter Appendix A A 3 DC Braking The inverter DC braking feature stops the AC commutation to the motor and sends a DC current through the motor windings in order to stop the motor Also called DC injection braking it has little effect at high speed and is used as the motor is nearing a stop Deadband In a control system the range of input change for which there is no perceptible change in the output In PID loops the error term may have a dead band associated with it Deadband may or may not be desirable it depends on the needs of th
77. Programming The front panel keypad is the first and best way to get to know the inverter s capabilities Every function or programmable parameter is accessible from the keypad The other devices simply imitate the keypad s layout and inverter access while adding another valuable aspect to the system For example the Copy Unit can transfer one inverter s parameter settings to another inverter while still providing standard operator keypad control In this way you can use a variety of programming devices with basically the same keypad skills The following table shows various programming options the features unique to each device and the cables required Device Part Number Parameter Access Parameter setting storage Cables choose one Part number Length Inverter keypad Monitor and program EEPROM in inverter DOP Professional Software for PC DOP PRO Monitor and program PC hard drive or diskette Included with software 2 meters Digital Operator Copy Unit SRW 0EX Monitor and program EEPROM in operator panel ICS 1 1 meter ICS 3 3 meters Operator Monitor OPE J Monitor only none on operator monitor ICJ 1L 1 meter ICJ 3L 3 meters L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 3 Using Keypad Devices Inverter Front Panel Keypad The L100 Series inverter front keypad contains all the elements for both monitoring and programming parameters The ke
78. R Jpn Units A_41 Torque boost method selection Two options 00 Manual torque boost 01 Automatic torque boost 00 00 00 V Boost Mode 0 A_42 Manual torque boost value Can boost starting torque between 0 and 99 above normal V f curve from 0 to 1 2 base frequency 11 11 11 V Boost code 11 A_43 Manual torque boost frequency adjustment Sets the frequency of the V f breakpoint A in graph top of previous page for torque boost 10 0 10 0 10 0 V Boost F 10 0 A_44 V f characteristic curve selection Two available V f curves three select codes 00 Constant torque 01 Reduced torque 00 00 00 CONTROL SLV A_45 V f gain setting Sets voltage gain of the inverter from 50 to 100 100 100 100 V Gain 100 L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 15 DC Braking Settings The DC braking feature can provide additional stopping torque when compared to a normal deceleration to a stop DC braking is particularly useful at low speeds when normal decelera tion torque is minimal When you enable DC braking the inverter injects a DC voltage into the motor windings during deceleration below a frequency you can specify A_52 The braking power A_54 and duration A_55 can both be set You can optionally specify a wait time before DC braking A_53 during which the motor will free run coast CAUTION Be careful to avoid specifying
79. Run Mode OFF when inverter is in Stop Mode 01 FA1 Frequency Arrival Type 1 Constant Speed ON when output to motor is at the set frequency OFF when output to motor is OFF or in any accelera tion or deceleration ramp 02 FA2 Frequency Arrival Type 2 Over frequency ON when output to motor is at or above the set frequency even if in accel or decel ramps OFF when output to motor is OFF or at a level below the set frequency 03 OL Overload Advance Notice Signal ON when output current is more than the set thresh old for the overload signal OFF when output current is less than the set threshold for the overload signal 04 OD Output Deviation for PID Control ON when PID error is more than the set threshold for the deviation signal OFF when PID error is less than the set threshold for the deviation signal 05 AL Alarm Signal ON when an alarm signal has occurred and has not been cleared OFF when no alarm has occurred since the last clearing of alarm s C Group Intelligent Terminal Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 38 Analog Function Summary Table This table shows all three functions for the analog output FM frequency meter terminal Detailed descriptions related parameters and settings and example wiring diagrams are in Analog and Digital Monitor Output on page 4 30 Analog Function Summary Table Option Code Function Name Description 00
80. Sine wave shaping filter for output side Step by Step Basic Installation Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 6 WARNING In the cases below involving a general purpose inverter a large peak current can flow on the power supply side sometimes destroying the converter module 1 The unbalance factor of the power supply is 3 or higher 2 The power supply capacity is at least 10 times greater than the inverter capacity or the power supply capacity is 500 kVA or more 3 Abrupt power supply changes are expected due to conditions such as a Several inverters are interconnected with a short bus b A thyristor converter and an inverter are interconnected with a short bus c An installed phase advance capacitor opens and closes Where these conditions exist or when the connected equipment must be highly reliable you MUST install an input side AC reactor of 3 at a voltage drop at rated current with respect to the supply voltage on the power supply side Also where the effects of an indirect lightning strike are possible install a lightning conductor Step by Step Basic Installation This section will guide you through the following basic steps of installation 1 Study the warnings associated with mounting the inverter 2 Select a suitable mounting location NOTE If the installation is in an EU country study the EMC installation guidelines in Appendix C 3 Place covers over the inverter s ventilation openings to prevent
81. Spare parts 6 11 L100 Inverter Index 5 Specifications derating curves 1 11 general 1 9 inverter 1 5 label 1 4 2 3 logic signals 4 6 Speed control 1 17 1 21 4 10 Speed pot 2 25 Squirrel cage A 7 Standard functions 3 9 Stator A 7 Stop command 4 9 Supply wiring 2 15 Switching frequency 3 28 Symbol definitions i System description 2 5 T Tachometer A 7 Technical support xviii Term definitions A 2 Terminal listing 4 7 Thermal overload 3 24 Thermal protection 4 20 Thermal switch A 7 Thermistor A 7 Thermistor input 4 20 Three phase power A 7 motor phase connections 1 18 Torque 1 18 A 8 Torque boost 3 13 Torque control algorithms 3 5 3 13 Torque specs terminals 2 15 Transistor A 8 Trip A 8 Trip events 3 7 clearing 6 5 error codes 6 5 external 4 15 monitoring 6 5 Trip history 6 7 Trip mode 4 19 Troubleshooting tips 6 3 Two stage accel decel 4 13 U UL instructions xii Unattended start protection 4 16 Unpacking 2 2 V V f control 3 13 Variable torque 3 13 Variable frequency drives introduction 1 17 Velocity profile 1 21 Ventilation 2 8 2 19 Voltage gain 3 14 W Warnings operating procedures 4 3 troubleshooting 6 2 Warranty 6 16 Watt loss A 8 Wiring analog inputs 4 29 gauge 2 14 logic 2 18 logic connector 4 6 output 2 18 power input 2 15 preparation 2
82. Use only short time invariant and pulse current sensitive ground fault interrupters with higher trigger current Other components should be secured with separate ground fault interrupters Ground fault interrupters in the power input wiring of an inverter are not an absolute protection against electric shock 2 17 CAUTION Be sure to install a fuse for each phase of the main power supply to the inverter Otherwise there is the danger of fire 2 17 CAUTION For motor leads ground fault interrupter breakers and electromagnetic contactors be sure to size these components properly each must have the capacity for rated current and voltage Otherwise there is the danger of fire 2 17 CAUTION The heat sink fins will have a high temperature Be careful not to touch them Otherwise there is the danger of getting burned 2 20 CAUTION The operation of the inverter can be easily changed from low speed to high speed Be sure to check the capability and limitations of the motor and machine before operating the inverter Otherwise there is the danger of injury 2 20 CAUTION If you operate a motor at a frequency higher than the inverter standard default setting 50Hz 60Hz be sure to check the motor and machine specifications with the respective manufacturer Only operate the motor at elevated frequencies after getting their approval Otherwise there is the danger of equipment damage and or
83. W Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units B_21 Overload restriction operation mode Select the operating mode during overload conditions three options option codes 00 Disabled 01 Enabled for acceleration and constant speed 02 Enabled for constant speed only 01 01 01 OLOAD MODE ON B_22 Overload restriction setting Sets the level for overload restriction between 50 and 150 of the rated current of the inverter setting resolution is 1 of rated current Rated current x 1 25 A OLOAD LVL 03 75A B_23 Deceleration rate at overload restriction Sets the deceleration rate when inverter detects overload range is 0 1 to 30 0 resolution is 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 OLOAD CONST 01 0 B Group Fine Tuning Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 26 Software Lock Mode The software lock function keeps personnel from accidentally changing parameters in the inverter memory Use B_31 to select from various protection levels The table below lists all combinations of B_31 option codes and the ON OFF state of the SFT input Each Check or Ex indicates whether the corresponding parameter s can be edited The Standard Parameters column below shows access is permit ted for some lock modes These refer to the parameter tables throughout this chapter each of which includes a column titled Run Mode Edit as shown to the right The marks Check
84. able NOTE When you press the STR key in the last step above and the display 02 the Run Enable LED above the RUN switch on the keypad will turn ON This is normal and does not mean the motor is trying to run It means that the RUN key is now enabled DO NOT press the RUN key at this time finish out the programming exercise first TIP If you became lost during any of these steps first observe the state of the PRG LED Then study the Keypad Navigational Map on page 2 23 to determine the current state of the keypad controls and display As long as you do not press the STR key no parameters will be changed by keypad entry errors Action Display Func Parameter Press the key twice Speed command source setting Press the key 0 potentiometer 1 control terminals default 2 keypad Press the key 0 potentiometer selected Press the key Stores parameter returns to A Group list Action Display Func Parameter Press the key Run command source Press the key 1 control terminals default 2 keypad Press the key 2 keypad selected Press the key Stores parameter returns to A Group list 2 A 01 FUNC 01 2 00 STR A 01 1 A 02 FUNC 01 1 02 STR A 02 Using the Front Panel Keypad Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 26 Monitoring Parameters with the Display After using the keypad for parameter editing it s a good idea to swit
85. aining a powered electronic unit A unit s heat sinks rely on a lower ambient temperature in order to dissipate heat away from sensitive electronics Arrival Frequency The arrival frequency refers to the set output frequency of the inverter for the constant speed setting The arrival frequency feature turns on an output when the inverter reaches the set constant speed The inverter has various arrival frequencies and pulsed or latched logic options Auto tuning The ability of a controller to execute a procedure that interacts with a load to determine the proper coefficients to use in the control algorithm Auto tuning is a common feature of process controllers with PID loops Hitachi inverters feature auto tuning to determine motor parameters for optimal commutation Auto tuning is avail able as a special command from a digital operator panel See also Digital Operator Panel Base Frequency The power input frequency for which an AC induction motor is designed to operate Most motors will specify a 50 to 60 Hz value The Hitachi inverters have a programmable base frequency so you must ensure that parameter matches the attached motor The term base frequency helps differentiate it from the carrier frequency See also Carrier Frequency and Frequency Setting Braking Resistor An energy absorbing resistor that dissipates energy from a deceler ating load Load inertia causes the motor to act as a generator during deceleration See also Four quadrant
86. aking is located in Chapter 5 Frequently Asked Questions Getting Started 1 24 Q How will I know if my application will require resistive braking A For new applications it may be difficult to tell before you actually test a motor drive solution In general some applications can rely on system losses such as friction to serve as the decelerating force or otherwise can tolerate a long deceleration time These applications will not need dynamic braking However applications with a combination of a high inertia load and a required short decel time will need dynamic braking This is a physics question that may be answered either empirically or through extensive calcu lations Q Several options related to electrical noise suppression are available for the Hitachi inverters How can I know if my application will require any of these options A The purpose of these noise filters is to reduce the inverter electrical noise so the operation of nearby electrical devices is not affected Some applications are governed by particular regulatory agencies and noise suppression is mandatory In those cases the inverter must have the corresponding noise filter installed Other applications may not need noise suppression unless you notice electrical interference with the operation of other devices Q The L100 features a PID loop feature PID loops are usually associated with chemical processes heating or process industries in general
87. an under voltage protection E09 occurs the USP function will be performed When the running command is active immediately after the power is turned ON a USP error will occur When this function is used wait for at least three 3 seconds after the powerup to generate a Run command Example default input configuration shown for FU models FE and FR models require input configuration see page 3 32 See I O specs on page 4 6 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 USP L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 17 Software Lock When the terminal SFT is turned ON the data of all the parameters and functions except the output frequency depending on the setting of B_31 is locked prohibited from editing When the data is locked the keypad keys cannot edit inverter parameters To edit parameters again turn OFF the SFT terminal input Use parameter B_31 to select whether the output frequency is excluded from the lock state or is locked as well Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 15 SFT Software Lock ON The keypad and remote programming devices are prevented from changing parameters OFF The parameters may be edited and stored Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings B_31 excluded from lock Notes When the SFT terminal is turned ON only the output frequency can be changed Software lock can include the output frequen
88. any mechanical load 5 Turn the potentiometer to the MIN position completely counterclockwise 6 Now press the RUN key on the keypad The RUN LED will turn ON 7 Slowly increase the potentiometer setting in clockwise fashion The motor should start turning when the indicator is in the 9 00 position and beyond 8 Press the STOP key to stop the motor rotation Action Display Func Parameter Press the key A Group selected Press the key three times Output frequency selected Press the key Output frequency displayed Hz POWER A RUN PRG RUN STOP RESET MIN MAX HITACHI 5 0 0 FUNC A 1 d 01 FUNC 0 0 L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 27 Powerup Test Observations and Summary Step 10 Reading this section will help you make some useful observations when first running the motor Error Codes If the inverter displays an error code format is E x x see Monitoring Trip Events History amp Conditions on page 6 5 to interpret and clear the error Acceleration and Deceleration The L100 inverter has programmable acceleration and deceleration values The test procedure left these at the default value 10 seconds You can observe this by setting the potentiometer at about half speed before running the motor Then press RUN and the motor will take 5 seconds to reach a steady speed Press the STOP key to see a 5 second deceleration to a st
89. by step installation process After the section on wiring this chapter will show how to use the front panel keys to access functions and edit parameters Retention screw Housing partition Alarm connector Power and motor connector terminals L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 5 Basic System Description A motor control system will obviously include a motor and inverter as well as a breaker or fuses for safety If you are connecting a motor to the inverter on a test bench just to get started that s all you may need for now But a system can also have a variety of additional components Some can be for noise suppression while others may enhance the inverter s braking performance The figure and table below show a system with all the optional components you may need in your finished application NOTE Note that some components are required for regulatory agency compliance see Chapter 5 and Appendix C Thermal switch Breaker MCCB or GFI From power supply Motor L1 L2 L3 1 Inverter RB GND T1 T2 T3 Name Function Breaker discon nect A molded case circuit breaker MCCB ground fault interrupter GFI or a fused disconnect device NOTE The installer must refer to the NEC and local codes to ensure safety and compliance Input side AC Reactor This is useful in suppressing harmonics induced on the power supply lines and for improving the power factor WARNING
90. cal mass that is moved by the motor and the related friction from guiding mechanisms See also Inertia NEC The National Electric Code is a regulatory document that governs electrical power and device wiring and installation in the United States NEMA The National Electric Manufacturer s Association NEMA Codes are a published series of device ratings standards Industry uses these to evaluate or compare the performance of devices made by various manufacturers to a known standard Open collector Outputs A common logic type discrete output that uses an NPN transistor that acts as a switch to a power supply common usually ground The transistor s collector is open for external connection not connected internally Thus the output sinks external load current to ground Power Factor A ratio that expresses a phase difference timing offset between current and voltage supplied by a power source to a load A perfect power factor 1 0 no phase offset Power factors less than one cause some energy loss in power transmission wiring source to load PID Loop Proportional Integral Derivative A mathematical model used for process control A process controller maintains a process variable PV at a setpoint SP by using its PID algorithm to compensate for dynamic conditions and vary its output to drive the PV toward the desired value For variable frequency drives the process variable is the motor speed See also Error Process Variable A phy
91. cant discard not for human consumption 3 Inspect the specifications label on the side of the inverter Make sure it matches the product part number you ordered Main Physical Features The L100 Series inverters vary in size according to the current output rating and motor size for each model number All feature the same basic keypad and connector interface for consistent ease of use The inverter construction has a heat sink at the back of the housing The larger models include a fan s to enhance heat sink performance The mounting holes are pre drilled in the heat sink for your convenience Never touch the heat sink during or just after operation it can be very hot The electronics housing and front panel are built onto the front of the heat sink The front panel has three levels of physical access designed for convenience and safety First level access for basic use of inverter and editing parameters power ON Second level access for editing parameters and wiring control signals power ON Third level access for wiring the inverter power supply or motor power OFF 1 First level Access View the unit just as it came from the box as shown The four digit display can show a variety of performance parameters LEDs indicate whether the display units are Hertz or Amperes Other LEDs indicate Power external and Run Stop Mode and Program Monitor Mode status Membrane keys Run and Stop Reset and a Min Max
92. celeration 02 DC braking to stop 00 00 00 Jog Mode 0 L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 13 Torque Control Algorithms The inverter generates the motor output according to the V f algorithm selected Parameter A_44 selects the inverter algorithm for generating the frequency output as shown in the diagram to the right The factory default is 00 constant torque Review the following description to help you choose the best torque control algorithm for your application The built in V f curves are oriented toward developing constant torque or variable torque characteristics see graphs below You can select either constant torque or reduced torque V f control Constant and Variable Reduced Torque The graph below left shows the constant torque characteristic from 0Hz to the base frequency A_03 The voltage remains constant for output frequencies higher than the base frequency The graph below right shows the general variable reduced torque curve The range from 0Hz to the base frequency is the variable characteristic Torque Boost The Constant and Variable Torque algorithms feature an adjustable torque boost curve When the motor load has a lot of inertia or starting friction you may need to increase the low frequency starting torque characteristics by boosting the voltage above the normal V f ratio shown at right The boost is applied from zero to 1 2 the base frequency Y
93. ch the inverter from Program Mode to Monitor Mode and close the panel door puts the keys for parameter editing out of sight This will also turn out the PRG LED and the Hertz or Ampere LED indicates the display units For the powerup test monitor the motor speed indirectly by viewing the inverter s output frequency The output frequency must not be confused with base frequency 50 60 Hz of the motor or the carrier frequency switching frequency of the inverter in the kHz range The monitoring functions are in the D list located near the top left of the Keypad Navigational Map on page 2 23 Output frequency speed monitor Resuming the keypad programming from the previous table follow the steps in the table below When the d 0 1 function code appeared the PRG LED went OFF This confirms the inverter is no longer in programming mode even while you are selecting the particular monitoring parameter After pressing the Function key the display shows the current speed is zero at this point Running the Motor If you have programmed all the parameters up to this point you re ready to run the motor First review this checklist 1 Verify the Power LED is ON If not check the power connections 2 Verify the Run Key Enable LED is ON If not review the programming steps to find the problem 3 Verify the PRG LED is OFF If it is ON review the instructions above 4 Make sure the motor is disconnected from
94. codes 00 normally open NO 01 normally closed NC 00 00 00 IN TM O C 5 NO C Group Intelligent Terminal Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 34 Input Function Summary Table This table shows all fifteen intelligent input functions at a glance Detailed descriptions of these functions related parameters and settings and example wiring diagrams are in Using Intelligent Input Terminals on page 4 8 Input Function Summary Table Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Description 00 FW Forward Run Stop ON Inverter is in Run Mode motor runs forward OFF Inverter is in Stop Mode motor stops 01 RV Reverse Run Stop ON Inverter is in Run Mode motor runs reverse OFF Inverter is in Stop Mode motor stops 02 CF1 Multi speed Select Bit 0 LSB ON Binary encoded speed select Bit 0 logical 1 OFF Binary encoded speed select Bit 0 logical 0 03 CF2 Multi speed Select Bit 1 ON Binary encoded speed select Bit 1 logical 1 OFF Binary encoded speed select Bit 1 logical 0 04 CF3 Multi speed Select Bit 2 ON Binary encoded speed select Bit 2 logical 1 OFF Binary encoded speed select Bit 2 logical 0 05 CF4 Multi speed Select Bit 3 MSB ON Binary encoded speed select Bit 3 logical 1 OFF Binary encoded speed select Bit 3 logical 0 06 JG Jogging ON Inverter is in Run Mode output to motor runs at jog parameter frequency OF
95. corre sponding to the analog input range ending point 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hz IN EXE 000 0Hz A_13 O L input active range start voltage The starting point offset for the active analog input range 0 0 0 IN EX S 000 A_14 O L input active range end voltage The ending point offset for the active analog input range 100 100 100 IN EX E 100 A_15 O L input start frequency enable Two options select codes 00 Use offset A_11 value 01 Use 0 Hz 01 01 01 IN LEVEL 0Hz L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 11 A_16 External frequency filter time constant Range n 1 to 8 where n number of samples for avg 8 8 8 Sam ples IN F SAMP 8 A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A Group Standard Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 12 Multi speed and Jog Frequency Setting The L100 inverter has the capability to store and output up to 16 preset frequencies to the motor A_20 to A_35 As in traditional motion terminology we call this multi speed profile capability These preset frequencies are selected by means of digital inputs to the inverter The inverter applies the current acceleration or deceleration setting to change from the current output frequency to the new one The jog speed setting is used whenever the Jo
96. ctions For some applications you may need to connect two or more motors wired in parallel to a single inverter s output For example this is common in conveyor applications where two separate conveyors need to have approximately the same speed The use of two motors may be less expensive than making the mechanical link for one motor to drive multiple conveyors Some of the characteristics of using multiple motors with one drive are The inverter output must be rated to handle the sum of the currents from the motors You must use separate thermal protection switches or devices to protect each motor Locate the device for each motor inside the motor housing or as close to it as possible The wiring for the motors must be permanently connected in parallel do not remove one motor from the circuit during operation NOTE The motor speeds are identical only in theory That is because slight differences in their loads will cause one motor to slip a little more than another even if the motors are identical Therefore do not use this technique for multi axis machinery that must maintain a fixed position reference between its axes to Nth motor U T1 V T2 W T3 Motor 1 Motor 2 L100 U T1 V T2 W T3 Inverter System Accessories In This Chapter page Introduction 2 Component Descriptions 3 Dynamic Braking
97. cy by setting B_31 Software lock by the operator is also possible without the SFT terminal being used B_31 Example requires input configuration see page 3 32 See I O specs on page 4 6 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 SFT Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 18 Analog Input Current Voltage Select The AT terminal selects whether the inverter uses the voltage O or current OI input terminals for external frequency control When intelligent input AT is ON you can set the output frequency by applying a current input signal at OI L When the AT input is OFF you can apply a voltage input signal at O L to set the output frequency Note that you must also set parameter A_01 01 to enable the analog terminal set for control ling the inverter frequency Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 16 AT Analog Input Voltage current Select ON Terminal OI is enabled for current input uses terminal L for power supply return OFF Terminal O is enabled for voltage input uses terminal L for power supply return Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings A_01 01 Notes If the AT option is not assigned to any intelligent input terminal then inverter uses the algebraic sum of both the voltage and current inputs for the frequency command and A_01 01 When using either the analog current and voltage
98. d OFF Inverter is in Stop Mode motor stops 01 RV Reverse Run Stop ON Inverter is in Run Mode motor runs reverse OFF Inverter is in Stop Mode motor stops Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings A_02 01 Notes When the Forward Run and Reverse Run commands are active at the same time the inverter enters the Stop Mode When a terminal associated with either FW or RV function is configured for normally closed the motor starts rotation when that terminal is disconnected or otherwise has no input voltage Example default input configuration shown see page 3 32 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 See I O specs on page 4 6 FW RV Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 10 Multi Speed Select The inverter can store up to 16 different target frequencies speeds that the motor output uses for steady state run condition These speeds are acces sible through programming four of the intelligent terminals as binary encoded inputs CF1 to CF4 per the table to the right These can be any of the five inputs and in any order You can use fewer inputs if you need eight or fewer speeds Note When choosing a subset of speeds to use always start at the top of the table and with the least significant bit CF1 CF2 etc The example with eight speeds in the figure below shows how input switches configured for CF1 CF3 functions can change the motor spee
99. d in real time NOTE Speed 0 is set by the A_20 parameter value Multi speed Input Function CF4 CF3 CF2 CF1 Speed 0 0 0 0 0 Speed 1 0 0 0 1 Speed 2 0 0 1 0 Speed 3 0 0 1 1 Speed 4 0 1 0 0 Speed 5 0 1 0 1 Speed 6 0 1 1 0 Speed 7 0 1 1 1 Speed 8 1 0 0 0 Speed 9 1 0 0 1 Speed 10 1 0 1 0 Speed 11 1 0 1 1 Speed 12 1 1 0 0 Speed 13 1 1 0 1 Speed 14 1 1 1 0 Speed 15 1 1 1 1 CF1 CF2 CF3 FWD t Speed 0th 4th 6th 1st 2nd 5th 7th 3rd 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 02 CF1 Multi speed Select Bit 0 LSB ON Binary encoded speed select Bit 0 logical 1 OFF Binary encoded speed select Bit 0 logical 0 03 CF2 Multi speed Select Bit 1 ON Binary encoded speed select Bit 1 logical 1 OFF Binary encoded speed select Bit 1 logical 0 04 CF3 Multi speed Select Bit 2 ON Binary encoded speed select Bit 2 logical 1 OFF Binary encoded speed select Bit 2 logical 0 05 CF4 Multi speed Select Bit 3 MSB ON Binary encoded speed select Bit 3 logical 1 OFF Binary encoded speed select Bit 3 logical 0 L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 11 While using the multi speed capability you can monitor the current frequency with monitor function D_01 during each segment of a multi speed operation
100. d that you stock spare parts to reduce down time including these parts Capacitor Life Curve The DC bus inside the inverter uses a large capacitor as shown in the diagram below The capacitor handles high voltage and current as it smooths the power for use by the inverter So any degradation of the capacitor will affect the performance of the inverter Capacitor life is reduced in higher ambient temperatures as the graph below demon strates Be sure to keep the ambient temperature at acceptable levels and perform maintenance inspections on the fan heat sink and other components If the inverter is installed on a cabinet the ambient temperature is the temperature inside the cabinet Part description Symbol Quantity Notes Used Spare Cooling fan FAN 1 1 022NF 037LF 015HF to 075HF Case CV 1 1 Front case Key cover Case Bottom cover Power Input Inverter L1 Motor L2 L3 Rectifier Variable frequency Drive Internal DC Bus U T1 V T2 W T3 Con Capacitor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 10 20 30 40 10 Ambient temperature C Years Capacitor Life Curve Operation for 12 hours day Maintenance and Inspection Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 12 General Inverter Electrical Measurements The following table specifies how to measure key system electrical parameters The diagrams on the next page show inverter motor sy
101. de Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units B_01 Selection of restart mode Select inverter restart method four option codes 00 Alarm output after trip no automatic restart 01 Restart at 0Hz 02 Resume operation after frequency matching 03 Resume previous freq after freq matching then decelerate to stop and display trip info 00 00 00 IPS POWR ALM B_02 Allowable under voltage power failure time The amount of time a power input under voltage can occur without tripping the power failure alarm Range is 0 3 to 25 sec If under voltage exists longer than this time the inverter trips even if the restart mode is selected 1 0 1 0 1 0 sec IPS UVTIME 01 0s B_03 Retry wait time before motor restart Time delay after under voltage condition goes away before the inverter runs motor again Range is 0 3 to 100 seconds 1 0 1 0 1 0 sec IPS WAIT 001 0s B Group Fine Tuning Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 24 Electronic Thermal Overload Alarm Setting The thermal overload detection protects the inverter and motor from overheating due to an excessive load It uses a current inverse time curve to determine the trip point First use B_13 to select the torque charac teristic that matches your load This allows the inverter to utilize the best thermal overload characteristic for your application The torq
102. de during power input fluctuations This can be useful if the installation is subject to input voltage fluctuations However the inverter cannot boost its motor output to a voltage higher than the power input voltage If you enable this feature be sure to select the proper voltage class setting for your motor A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_81 AVR function select Automatic output voltage regulation selects from three type of AVR functions three option codes 00 AVR enabled 01 AVR disabled 02 AVR enabled except during deceleration 02 00 02 AVR MODE DOFF A_82 AVR voltage select 200V class inverter settings 200 220 230 240 400V class inverter settings 380 400 415 440 460 230 400 230 460 200 400 V AVR AC 230V A Group Standard Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 20 Second Acceleration and Deceleration Functions The L100 inverter features two stage acceleration and deceleration ramps This gives flexibility in the profile shape You can specify the frequency transition point the point at which the standard acceleration F_02 or deceleration F_03 changes to the second acceleration A_92 or deceleration A_93 Select a transition frequency method via A_94 as depicted below NOTE For A_95 and A_96 if you set a very rapid Acc1 or Dec1
103. des for terminal assignments C_01 to C_05 the respective terminal assumes the function role of that option code The terminal functions have a symbol or abbreviation that we use to label a terminal using that function For example the Forward Run command is FW The physical label on the terminal block connector is simply 1 2 3 4 or 5 However schematic examples in this manual also use the terminal symbol such as FW to show the assigned option The option codes for C_11 to C_15 determines the active state of the logical input active high or active low C Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units C_11 Terminal 1 active state Select logic convention two option codes 00 normally open NO 01 normally closed NC 00 00 00 IN TM O C 1 NO C_12 Terminal 2 active state Select logic convention two option codes 00 normally open NO 01 normally closed NC 00 00 00 IN TM O C 2 NO C_13 Terminal 3 active state Select logic convention two option codes 00 normally open NO 01 normally closed NC 00 00 00 IN TM O C 3 NO C_14 Terminal 4 active state Select logic convention two option codes 00 normally open NO 01 normally closed NC 00 01 00 IN TM O C 4 NC C_15 Terminal 5 active state Select logic convention two option
104. e absolute value of the difference between the Setpoint desired value and Process Variable actual value The PID output deviation signal OD output terminal function option code 04 indicates when the error magnitude has exceeded a magnitude you define Motor current Overload signal C 41 t t 0 1 0 Output frequency Arrival signal C 43 C 42 t t 0 1 0 PID Error PV SP deviation threshold Devia tion sig C 44 t t SP Output PV 0 1 0 C Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units C_41 Overload level setting Sets the overload signal level between 0 and 200 from 0 to two times the rated current of the inverter Rated current for each inverter OV Load 03 00A C_42 Frequency arrival setting for acceleration Sets the frequency arrival setting threshold for the output frequency during acceleration 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hz ARV ACC 000 0Hz C Group Intelligent Terminal Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 40 C_43 Arrival frequency setting for deceleration Sets the frequency arrival setting threshold for the output frequency during deceleration 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hz ARV DEC 000 0Hz C_44 PID deviation level setting Sets the allowable PID loop error magnitude absolute value SP PV range is 0 0 to 100 resolution
105. e inverter s maximum current output capacity Use the following derating curves to help determine the optimal carrier frequency setting for your inverter and to find the output current derating Be sure to use the proper curve for your particular L100 inverter model number L100 002NFE NFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 70 80 90 100 95 85 75 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 004NFE NFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 70 80 90 100 95 85 75 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz Standard ratings at 40 C Ratings at 50 C max with top cover removed Ratings at 55 C max with top cover removed Legend L100 Inverter Specifications Getting Started 1 12 Derating curves continued L100 007NFE NFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 70 80 90 100 95 85 75 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 0015NFE NFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 70 80 90 100 95 85 75 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 022NFE NFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 70 80 90 100 95 85 75 of rated output current Carrier frequency kHz L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 13 Derating curves continued L100 037LF LFU 0 5 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 40 60 80 100
106. e 18 AWG 0 75 mm2 wire for the alarm signal wire AL0 AL1 AL2 terminals Motor Output kW HP Inverter Model Wiring Applicable equipment kW HP Power Lines Signal Lines Fuse UL rated class J 600V 0 2 1 4 L100 002NFE NFU AWG16 1 3 mm2 18 to 28 AWG 0 14 to 0 75 mm2 shielded wire see Note 4 10A single ph 7A three ph 0 4 1 2 L100 004NFE NFU 0 55 3 4 L100 005NFE 0 75 1 L100 007NFE NFU AWG14 2 1 mm2 15A single ph 10A three ph 1 1 1 1 2 L100 011NFE 1 5 2 L100 015NFE NFU AWG12 3 3 mm2 20A single ph 15A three ph 2 2 3 L100 022NFE NFU AWG10 5 3 mm2 30A single ph 20A three ph 3 7 5 L100 037LFU AWG12 3 3 mm2 30A 5 5 7 1 2 L100 055LFU AWG10 5 3 mm2 40A 7 5 10 L100 075LFU AWG8 8 4 mm2 50A 0 4 1 2 L100 004HFE HFU AWG16 1 3 mm2 3A 0 75 1 L100 007HFE HFU 6A 1 5 2 L100 015HFE HFU 10A 2 2 3 L100 022HFE HFU 3 0 4 L100 030HFE AWG14 2 1 mm2 15A 4 0 5 L100 040HFE HFU 5 5 7 1 2 L100 055HFE HFU AWG12 3 3 mm2 20A 7 5 10 L100 075HFE HFU 25A L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 15 Terminal Dimensions and Torque Specs The terminal screw dimensions for all L100 inverters are listed in table below This information is useful in sizing spade lug or ring lug connectors for wire terminations CAUTION Fasten the screws with the specified fastening torque in the table belo
107. e 4 20 Also refer to the motor manufacturer s specifications for duty cycle recommendations during DC braking 3 15 WARNING Be sure to turn ON the input power supply only after closing the front case While being energized be sure not to open the front case Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock 4 3 WARNING Be sure not to operate electrical equipment with wet hands Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock 4 3 WARNING While the inverter is energized be sure not to touch the inverter terminals even when the motor is stopped Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock 4 3 WARNING If the Retry Mode is selected the motor may suddenly restart after a trip stop Be sure to stop the inverter before approaching the machine be sure to design the machine so that safety for personnel is secure even if it restarts Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel 4 3 WARNING If the power supply is cut OFF for a short period of time the inverter may restart operation after the power supply recovers if the Run command is active If a restart may pose danger to personnel so be sure to use a lock out circuit so that it will not restart after power recovery Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel 4 3 WARNING The Stop Key is effective only when the Stop function is enabled Be sure to enable the Stop Key separately from the emergency stop Otherw
108. e application Digital Operator Panel For Hitachi inverters digital operator panel DOP refers first to the operator keypad on the front panel of the inverter It also includes hand held remote keypads which connect to the inverter via a cable Finally the DOP Professional is a PC based software simulation of the keypad devices Diode A semiconductor device that has a voltage current characteristic that allows current to flow only in one direction with negligible leakage current in the reverse direction See also Rectifier Duty Cycle 1 The percent of time a square wave of fixed frequency is ON high versus OFF low 2 The ratio of operating time of a motor braking resistor etc to its resting time This parameter usually is specified in association with the allowable thermal rise for the device Dynamic Braking The inverter dynamic braking feature shunts the motor generated EMF energy into a special braking resistor The added dissipation braking torque is effective at higher speeds having a reduced effect as the motor nears a stop Error In process control the error is the difference between the desired value or setpoint SP and the actual value of a the process variable PV See also Process Variable and PID Loop EMI Electromagnetic Interference In motor drive systems the switch ing of high currents and voltages creates the possibility of generat ing radiated electrical noise that may interfere with the operation of
109. e functions rely on an input signal on a control logic connector terminal or generate output signals in other cases 3 Electrical interfaces This chapter shows how to make connections between the inverter and other electrical devices 4 PID Loop Operation The L100 has a built in PID loop that calculates the optimal inverter output frequency to control an external process This chapter shows the parameters and input output terminals associated with PID loop operation 5 Multiple motors A single L100 inverter may be used with two or more motors in some types of applications This chapter shows the electrical connections involved in multiple motor applications The topics in this chapter can help you decide the features that are important to your application and how to use them The basic installation covered in Chapter 2 concluded with the powerup test and running the motor Now this chapter starts from that point and shows how to make the inverter part of a larger control or automation system Caution Messages for Operating Procedures Before continuing please read the following Caution messages CAUTION The heat sink fins will have a high temperature Be careful not to touch them Otherwise there is the danger of getting burned CAUTION The operation of the inverter can be easily changed from low speed to high speed Be sure check the capability and limitations of the motor and machine before operating the inverter Oth
110. e of terminals R S T U V W and of the inverter and the probe of the DVM by measuring the charging state Table Legend Almost infinite resistance Almost zero resistance 0 NOTE The resistance values for the diodes or the transistors will not be exactly the same but they will be close If you find a significance difference a problem may exist NOTE Before measuring the voltage between and with the DC current range confirm that the smoothing capacitor is discharged fully then execute the tests Part DVM Measured Value Part DVM Measured Value Part DVM Measured Value D1 R 1 D5 S N 0 TR4 U 0 1 R 0 N S U D2 S 1 D6 T N 0 TR5 V 0 1 S 0 N T V D3 T 1 TR1 U TR6 W 0 1 T 0 U 0 W D4 R N 0 TR2 V TR7 RB 0 N R V 0 RB TR3 W RB 0 W 0 RB 0 R S T TR1 TR2 TR3 U V W D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 1
111. e the motor in either direction Separate FW and RV commands select the direction of rotation The motion profile example shows a forward motion followed by a reverse motion of shorter duration The speed presets and analog signals control the magnitude of the speed while the FWD and REV commands determine the direction before the motion starts NOTE The L100 can move loads in both directions However it is not designed for use in servo type applications that use a bipolar velocity signal that determines direction Velocity Profile Speed t Set speed Accel Decel 0 t Speed Maximum speed Acceleration time setting 0 Multi speed Profile Speed t Speed 1 Speed 2 0 Bi directional Profile 0 Speed t Forward move Reverse move Frequently Asked Questions Getting Started 1 22 Frequently Asked Questions Q What is the main advantage in using an inverter to drive a motor compared to alternative solutions A An inverter can vary the motor speed with very little loss of efficiency unlike mechanical or hydraulic speed control solutions The resulting energy savings usually pays for the inverter in a relatively short time Q The term inverter is a little confusing since we also use drive and amplifier to describe the electronic unit that controls a motor What does inverter mean A The terms inverter drive and amplifier are used somewhat interchang
112. eably in industry Nowadays the terms drive variable frequency drive variable speed drive and inverter are generally used to describe electronic micropro cessor based motor speed controllers In the past variable speed drive also referred to various mechanical means to vary speed Amplifier is a term almost exclusively used to describe drives for servo or stepper motors Q Although the L100 inverter is a variable speed drive can I use it in a fixed speed application A Yes sometimes an inverter can be used simply as a soft start device providing controlled acceleration and deceleration to a fixed speed Other functions of the L100 may be useful in such applications as well However using a variable speed drive can benefit many types of industrial and commercial motor applications by providing controlled acceleration and deceleration high torque at low speeds and energy savings over alternative solutions Q Can I use an inverter and AC induction motor in a positioning application A That depends on the required precision and the slowest speed the motor will must turn and still deliver torque If you set the torque boost the L100 can develop starting torque at 100 of its rating However DO NOT use an inverter if you need the motor to stop and hold the load position without the aid of a mechanical brake use a servo or stepper motion control system Q Does the optional digital operator interface or the PC softwa
113. ed for accuracy and does not use the B_81 gain setting when C_23 03 frequency modulation selection Imc Im Ir 100 20 Im Inverter output current measured Imc Monitor display current Ir Inverter rated current 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 33k 82k 1 F Volts See I O specs on page 4 6 T 1 FM Output value 10 Selects FM type output FM C_23 02 50 fixed duty cycle 10V 0V t T FM Output value 1 T 10 PID Loop Operation Operations and Monitoring 4 32 PID Loop Operation In standard operation the inverter uses a reference source selected by parameter A_01 for the output frequency which may be a fixed value F_01 a variable set by the front panel potentiometer or value from an analog input voltage or current To enable PID operation set A_71 01 This causes the inverter to calculate the target frequency or setpoint A calculated target frequency can have a lot of advantages It lets the inverter adjust the motor speed to optimize some other process of interest potentially saving energy as well Refer to the figure below The motor acts upon the external process To control that external process the inverter must monitor the process variable This requires wiring a sensor to either the analog input terminal O
114. el plate Otherwise there is the danger of fire 2 7 CAUTION Be sure not to place any flammable materials near the inverter Otherwise there is the danger of fire 2 7 CAUTION Be sure not to let the foreign matter enter vent openings in the inverter housing such as wire clippings spatter from welding metal shavings dust etc Otherwise there is the danger of fire 2 7 CAUTION Be sure to install the inverter in a place that can bear the weight according to the specifications in the text Chapter 1 Specifica tions Tables Otherwise it may fall and cause injury to personnel 2 7 CAUTION Be sure to install the unit on a perpendicular wall that is not subject to vibration Otherwise it may fall and cause injury to personnel 2 7 CAUTION Be sure not to install or operate an inverter that is damaged or has missing parts Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel 2 7 CAUTION Be sure to install the inverter in a well ventilated room that does not have direct exposure to sunlight a tendency for high tempera ture high humidity or dew condensation high levels of dust corrosive gas explosive gas inflammable gas grinding fluid mist salt damage etc Otherwise there is the danger of fire 2 7 CAUTION Be sure to maintain the specified clearance area around the inverter and to provide adequate ventilation Otherwise the inverter may overheat and
115. er output frequency These limits will apply regardless of the source of the speed refer ence You can configure the lower frequency limit to be greater than zero as shown in the graph to the right The upper limit must not exceed the rating of the motor or capability of the machinery Upper limit Frequency command Lower limit Settable range A 61 A 62 Output frequency 0 A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_61 Frequency upper limit setting Sets a limit on output frequency less than the maximum frequency A_04 Range is 0 5 to 360 0 Hz 0 0 setting is disabled gt 0 1setting is enabled 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hz LIMIT H 000 0Hz A_62 Frequency lower limit setting Sets a limit on output frequency greater than zero Range is 0 5 to 360 0 Hz 0 0 setting is disabled gt 0 1setting is enabled 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hz LIMIT L 000 0Hz L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 17 Jump Frequencies Some motors or machines exhibit resonances at particular speed s which can be destructive for prolonged running at those speeds The inverter has up to three jump frequencies as shown in the graph The hysteresis around the jump frequencies causes the inverter output to skip around the sensitive frequency values Jump frequencies A 63 A 64 Output frequency Frequency command
116. er Display Run Stop LED Program Monitor LED Run Key Enable LED Run Key Stop Reset Key Power LED Display Units Hertz Amperes LEDs Potentiometer Enable LED Potentiometer Function Key Up Down Keys Store Key Hz POWER A RUN PRG RUN STOP RESET MIN MAX HITACHI FUNC STR 1 2 5 0 0 Using the Front Panel Keypad Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 22 Parameter Display A 4 digit 7 segment display for parameters and function codes Display Units Hertz Amperes One of these LEDs will be ON to indicate the units associated with the parameter display Power LED This LED is ON when the power input to the inverter is ON Function Key This key is used to navigate through the lists of parameters and functions for setting and monitoring parameter values Up Down Keys Use these keys alternately to move up or down the lists of parameter and functions shown in the display and increment decrement values Store Key When the unit is in Program Mode and you have edited a parameter value press the Store key to write the new value to the EEPROM Keys Modes and Parameters Purpose of the keypad is to provide a way to change modes and parameters The term function applies to both monitoring modes and parameters These are all accessible through function codes that are primarily 3 character codes The various functions are separated into rela
117. er supply must have fusing suitable for the load Check the fuse size chart presented in Step 5 if necessary 2 Be sure you have access to a disconnect switch for the drive input power if necessary However do not turn OFF power during inverter operation unless it is an emergency 3 Turn the front panel potentiometer to the MIN position fully counter clockwise CAUTION The heat sink fins will have a high temperature Be careful not to touch them Otherwise there is the danger of getting burned CAUTION The operation of the inverter can be easily changed from low speed to high speed Be sure to check the capability and limitations of the motor and machine before operating the inverter Otherwise there is the danger of injury CAUTION If you operate a motor at a frequency higher than the inverter standard default setting 50Hz 60Hz be sure to check the motor and machine specifications with the respective manufacturer Only operate the motor at elevated frequencies after getting their approval Otherwise there is the danger of equipment damage and or injury CAUTION Check the following before and during the powerup test Otherwise there is the danger of equipment damage Is the shorting bar between the 1 and terminals installed DO NOT power or operate the inverter if the jumper is removed Is the direction of the motor rotation correct Did the inverter trip during acceleration or deceleration Were the
118. ernal analog input that can command the output frequency to the motor Voltage input 0 10V and current input 4 20mA are available on separate terminals O and OI respectively Terminal L serves as signal ground for the two analog inputs The analog input settings adjust the curve characteristics between the analog input and the frequency output In the graph below left A_13 and A_14 select the active portion of the input voltage or current range The parameters A_11 and A_12 select the start and end frequency of the converted output frequency range respectively Together these four parameters define a line segment as shown below right When the line does not begin at the origin A_15 defines whether the inverter outputs 0Hz or the A_11 frequency when the analog input value is less than the A_13 setting determines the non linear part of the translation A 12 A 11 A 13 A 14 A 12 A 11 A_15 00 A_15 01 A 13 A 14 Frequency Frequency 0V 4mA 10V 20mA Input scale Input scale 0V 4mA 10V 20mA 0 0 A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_11 O L input active range start frequency The output frequency corre sponding to the analog input range starting point 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hz IN EXS 000 0Hz A_12 O L input active range end frequency The output frequency
119. error will occur when power is restored E 1 2 External trip A signal on an intelligent input terminal configured as EXT has occurred The inverter trips and turns OFF the output to the motor E 1 3 USP When the Unattended Start Protection USP is enabled an error occurred when power is applied while a Run signal is present The inverter trips and does not go into Run Mode until the error is cleared E 1 4 Ground fault The inverter is protected by the detection of ground faults between the inverter output and the motor during powerup tests This feature protects the inverter and does not protect humans E 1 5 Input over voltage When the input voltage is higher than the specified value it is detected 100 seconds after powerup and the inverter trips and turns OFF its output E 2 1 Inverter thermal trip When the inverter internal temperature is above the threshold the thermal sensor in the inverter module detects the excessive temperature of the power devices and trips turning the inverter output OFF E 3 5 Thermistor When a thermistor is connected to terminals 5 and CM1 and the inverter has sensed the temperature is too high the inverter trips and turns OFF the output U Under voltage brown out with output shutoff Due to low input voltage the inverter turns its output OFF and tries to restart If it fails to restart then the alarm trips to record the under voltage error event Error Code Name Cause
120. erup test in this chapter you may need to wire the logic signal connector for your application For new inverter users applica tions we highly recommend that you first complete the powerup test in this chapter without adding any logic control wiring Then you will be ready to set the required parameters for logic control as covered in Chapter 4 Operations and Monitoring 7 To Power Supply To Motor To Chassis Ground L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 19 Uncover the Inverter Vents Step 8 After mounting and wiring the inverter remove any covers from the inverter housing This includes material over the side ventilation ports Remove the square cover panel at the top of the housing WARNING Make sure the input power to the inverter is OFF If the drive has been powered leave it OFF for five minutes before continuing The top housing cover is held in place by four locking tabs To remove the cover squeeze two corners together and push a small screwdriver under one side as shown while pulling upward Hold the screwdriver at the angle shown and DO NOT push the screwdriver or any object through ventilation openings and into the inverter Powerup Test Step 9 After wiring the inverter and motor you re ready to do a powerup test The procedure that follows is designed for the first time use of the drive Please verify the following conditions before conducting the powerup test You have followed
121. erwise it may cause injury to personnel CAUTION If you operate a motor at a frequency higher than the inverter standard default setting 50Hz 60Hz be sure to check the motor and machine specifications with the respective manufacturer Only operate the motor at elevated frequencies after getting their approval Otherwise there is the danger of equipment damage L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 3 Warning Messages for Operating Procedures Before continuing please read the following Warning messages WARNING Be sure to turn ON the input power supply only after closing the front case While being energized be sure not to open the front case Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock WARNING Be sure not to operate electrical equipment with wet hands Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock WARNING While the inverter is energized be sure not to touch the inverter terminals even when the motor is stopped Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock WARNING If the Retry Mode is selected the motor may suddenly restart after a trip stop Be sure to stop the inverter before approaching the machine be sure to design the machine so that safety for personnel is secure even if it restarts Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel WARNING If the power supply is cut OFF for a short period of time the inverter may restart operation after the power supply recovers if the Run command is active I
122. es electrical isola tion between its primary and secondary windings These are typically used on the power input side of the device to be protected An isolation transformer can protect equipment from a ground fault or other malfunction of nearby equipment as well as attenuate harmful harmonics and transients on the input power Jogging Operation Usually done manually a jog command from an operator s panel requests the motor drive system to run indefinitely in a particular direction until the machine operator ends the jog operation L100 Inverter Appendix A A 5 Jump Frequency A jump frequency is a point on the inverter output frequency range that you want the inverter to skip around This feature may be used to avoid a resonant frequency and you can program up to three jump frequencies in the inverter Line Reactor A three phase inductor generally installed in the AC input circuit of an inverter to minimize harmonics and to limit short circuit current Momentum The physical property of a body in motion that causes it to remain in motion In the case of motors the rotor and attached load are rotating and possesses angular momentum Multi speed Operation The ability of a motor drive to store preset discrete speed levels for the motor and control motor speed according to the currently selected speed preset The Hitachi inverters have 16 preset speeds Motor Load In motor terminology motor load consists of the inertia of the physi
123. eters In order to run the motor for the powerup test this section will show how to select the inverter s maximum output frequency to the motor select the keypad potentiometer as the source of motor speed command select the keypad as the source of the RUN command enable the RUN command The following series of programming tables are designed for successive use Each table uses the previous table s final state as the starting point Therefore start with the first and continue programming until the last one If you get lost or concerned that some of the other parameters settings may be incorrect refer to Restoring Factory Default Settings on page 6 8 CAUTION If you operate a motor at a frequency higher than the inverter standard default setting 50Hz 60Hz be sure to check the motor and machine specifications with the respective manufacturer Only operate the motor at elevated frequencies after getting their approval Otherwise there is the danger of equipment damage Setting the Motor Base Frequency The motor is designed to operate at a specific AC frequency Most commercial motors are designed for 50 60 Hz operation First check the motor specifications Then follow the steps in the table below to verify the setting or correct for your motor DO NOT set it for greater than 50 60 Hz unless the motor manufacturer specifically approves operation at the higher frequency TIP If you need to scroll through a
124. etting During normal running When an alarm occurs or power is turned OFF During normal running or power is turned OFF When an alarm occurs AL0 AL2 AL1 AL0 AL2 AL1 AL0 AL2 AL1 AL0 AL2 AL1 Contact Power Run State AL0 AL1 AL0 AL2 N C after initialize C_33 01 ON Normal Closed Open ON Trip Open Closed OFF Open Closed Contact Power Run State AL0 AL1 AL0 AL2 N O set C_33 00 ON Normal Open Closed ON Trip Closed Open OFF Open Closed L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 29 Analog Input Operation The L100 inverters provide for analog input to command the inverter frequency output value The analog input terminal group includes the L OI O and H terminals on the control connector which provide for Voltage O or Current OI input All analog input signals must use the analog ground L If you use either the voltage or current analog input you must select one of them using the logic input terminal function AT analog type If terminal AT is OFF the voltage input O can command the inverter output frequency If terminal AT is ON the current input OI can command the inverter output frequency The AT terminal function is covered in Analog Input Current Voltage Select on page 4 18 Remember that you must also set A_01 01 to select analog input as the frequency source NOTE If no logic input termi
125. ext section 00 A F 00 A F 00 A F MONITOR A F C Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units C_31 Terminal 11 active state FU Select logic convention two option codes 00 normally open NO 01 normally closed NC 00 OUT TM O C 1 NO Reserved FE FR reserved DO NOT EDIT 00 00 not displayed C_32 Terminal 12 active state FU Select logic convention two option codes 00 normally open NO 01 normally closed NC 00 OUT TM O C 2 NO Terminal 11 active state FE FR reserved DO NOT EDIT 00 00 OUT TM O C 1 NO C_33 Alarm relay active state Select logic convention two option codes 00 normally open NO 01 normally closed NC 01 01 01 OUT TM O C RY NO L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 37 Output Function Summary Table This table shows all six functions for the logical outputs terminals 11 12 at a glance Detailed descriptions of these functions related parameters and settings and example wiring diagrams are in Using Intelligent Output Terminals on page 4 21 Output Function Summary Table Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Description 00 RUN Run Signal ON when inverter is in
126. f a restart may pose danger to personnel so be sure to use a lock out circuit so that it will not restart after power recovery Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel WARNING The Stop Key is effective only when the Stop function is enabled Be sure to enable the Stop Key separately from the emergency stop Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel WARNING During a trip event if the alarm reset is applied and the Run command is present the inverter will automatically restart Be sure to apply the alarm reset only after verifying the Run command is OFF Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel WARNING Be sure not to touch the inside of the energized inverter or to put any conductive object into it Otherwise there is a danger of electric shock and or fire WARNING If power is turned ON when the Run command is already active the motor will automatically start and injury may result Before turning ON the power confirm that the RUN command is not present WARNING When the Stop key function is disabled pressing the Stop key does not stop the inverter nor will it reset a trip alarm WARNING Be sure to provide a separate hard wired emergency stop switch when the application warrants it Connecting to PLCs and Other Devices Operations and Monitoring 4 4 Connecting to PLCs and Other Devices Hitachi inverters drives are useful in many types of applications During installation the inverter keypad or other pr
127. for any loosening of screws Otherwise there is the danger of fire 2 15 CAUTION Be sure that the input voltage matches the inverter specifica tions Single Three phase 200 to 240 V 50 60 Hz up to 2 2kW Three phase 200 to 230V 50 60Hz above 2 2kW Three phase 380 to 460 V 50 60Hz 2 16 CAUTION Be sure not to power a three phase only inverter with single phase power Otherwise there is the possibility of damage to the inverter and the danger of fire 2 16 CAUTION Be sure not to connect an AC power supply to the output terminals Otherwise there is the possibility of damage to the inverter and the danger of injury and or fire 2 17 Power Input Power Output L1 L2 L3 T1 T2 T3 U V W L N NOTE L N L1 L2 L3 Single phase 200 to 240V 50 60 Hz Three phase 200 to 240V 50 60 Hz Three phase 380 to 460V 50 60 Hz vi Powerup Test Caution Messages CAUTION Remarks for using ground fault interrupter breakers in the main power supply Adjustable frequency inverters with CE filters RFI filter and shielded screened motor cables have a higher leakage current toward Earth GND Especially at the moment of switching ON this can cause an inadvertent trip of ground fault interrupters Because of the rectifier on the input side of the inverter there is the possibility to stall the switch off function through small amounts of DC current Please observe the following
128. for initialization 01 02 00 B_86 Frequency scaling conversion factor 1 0 1 0 1 0 B_87 STOP key enable 00 00 00 B_88 Restart mode after FRS 00 00 00 B_89 Data select for digital op OPE J 01 01 01 L100 Inverter Appendix B B 7 Intelligent Terminal Functions C Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Func Code Name FE Europe FU USA FR Japan C_01 Terminal 1 function 00 00 00 C_02 Terminal 2 function 01 01 01 C_03 Terminal 3 function 02 16 02 C_04 Terminal 4 function 03 13 03 C_05 Terminal 5 function 18 18 18 C_11 Terminal 1 active state 00 00 00 C_12 Terminal 2 active state 00 00 00 C_13 Terminal 3 active state 00 00 00 C_14 Terminal 4 active state 00 01 00 C_15 Terminal 5 active state 00 00 00 C_21 Terminal 11 function 01 01 01 C_22 Terminal 12 function 00 00 00 C_23 FM signal selection 00 00 00 C_31 Terminal 11 active state FU 00 Reserved FE FR 00 00 C_32 Terminal 12 active state FU 00 Terminal 11 active state FE FR 00 00 C_33 Alarm relay terminal active state 01 01 01 C_41 Overload level setting Inverter rated current Inverter rated current Inverter rated current C_42 Frequency arrival setting for accel 0 0 0 0 0 0 C_43 Arrival frequency setting for decel 0
129. frequency control knob control motor operation These controls and indicators are usually the only ones needed after the inverter installation is complete You can also access the modular jack for connecting a programming or monitoring device such as a PC see Chapter 3 And you can access the two chassis GND screws on the metal tab at the bottom of the inverter L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 3 2 Second level access Locate the lift tab at the right lower corner of the front panel near the safety warning message Lift the corner to swing the half door around to the left This exposes four more control buttons and some connectors The FUNC and STR keys allow an operator to access and change the inverter s functions and parameter values The 7 and 8 position connectors provide the interface for logic level control signals These signals are generally low voltage in nature and are appropriate for second level access Locate the label sheet that came with the manual This is a good moment to apply the self sticking labels as shown below Adhere the larger label for monitor codes and basic functions to the rear of the half door panel Then adhere the remaining trip code label to the area beside the connectors Be careful not to cover the screw access on models like the one shown 1 2 Control signal connectors Lift tab for opening door Controls for mode and parameter changes Orientation to Inve
130. ful information about its operating characteristics Refer to the model number legend below Inverter model number Motor capacity for this model Output Rating Frequency voltage current Manufacturing codes Lot number date etc Specifications label Regulatory agency approvals Power Input Rating frequency voltage phase current L100 004 H F U 5 Version number _ 1 2 Restricted distribution E Europe U USA Input voltage N single or three phase 200V class H three phase 400V class L three phase only 200V class Applicable motor capacity in kW 002 0 2 kW 004 0 4 kW 005 0 55 kW 007 0 75 kW 011 1 1 kW 015 1 5 kW 022 2 2 kW 030 3 0 kW 037 3 7 kW 040 4 0 kW 055 5 5 kW 075 7 5 kW Configuration type F with digital operator keypad Series name L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 5 L100 Inverter Specifications Model specific tables for 200V and 400V class inverters The following tables are specific to L100 inverters for the 200V and 400V class model groups Note that General Specifications on page 1 9 apply to both voltage class groups Footnotes for all specifications tables follow the table below Item 200V Class Specifications L100 inverters 200V models CE version 002NFE 004NFE 005NFE 007NFE 011NFE UL version 002NFU 004NFU 007NFU Applicable motor size 2 kW 0 2 0 4 0 55 0 75 1 1 HP 1 4 1 2 3 4 1 1
131. g In order to avoid equipment damage and get your application running smoothly we recommend drawing a schematic of each connection between the inverter and the other device Include the internal compo nents of each device in the schematic so that it makes a complete circuit loop After making the schematic then 1 Verify that the current and voltage for each connection is within the operating limits of each device 2 Make sure that the logic sense active high or active low of any ON OFF connection is correct 3 Check the zero and span curve end points for analog connections and be sure the scale factor from input to output is correct 4 Understand what will happen at the system level if any particular device suddenly loses power or powers up after other devices Other device Input circuit Output circuit L100 Inverter Input circuit Output circuit P24 1 2 3 4 5 L Input circuits signal signal return return PLC Inverter 24V GND Com L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 5 Example Wiring Diagram The schematic diagram below provides a general example of logic connector wiring in addition to basic power and motor wiring covered in Chapter 2 The goal of this chapter is to help you determine the proper connections for the various terminals shown below for your specific application needs 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 L L
132. g Drive Parameters 3 32 C Group Intelligent Terminal Functions The five input terminals 1 2 3 4 and 5 can be configured for any of fifteen different functions The next two tables show how to configure the five terminals The inputs are logical in that they are either OFF or ON We define these states as OFF 0 and ON 1 The inverter comes with default options for the five terminals These default settings are initially unique each one having its own setting Note that European and US versions have different default settings You can use any option on any terminal and even use the same option twice to create a logical OR though usually not required NOTE Terminal 5 has the ability to be a logical input and to be an analog input for a thermistor device when the PTC function option code 19 is assigned to that terminal Input Terminal Configuration Functions and Options The function codes in the following table let you assign one of fifteen options to any of the five logic inputs for the L100 inverters The functions C_01through C_05 configure the terminals 1 through 5 respectively The value of these particular parameters is not a scalar value but it is a discrete number that selects one option from many available options For example if you set function C_01 00 you have assigned option 00 Forward Run to terminal 1 The option codes and the specifics of how each one works are in Chapter
133. g command is active The jog speed setting range is arbitrarily limited to 10 Hz to provide safety during manual operation The acceleration to the jog frequency is instantaneous but you can choose from three modes for the best method for stopping the jog operation A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_20 Multi speed frequency setting Defines the first speed of a multi speed profile range is 0 to 360 Hz 0 0 0 Hz SPD FS 000 0Hz A_21 to A_35 Multi speed frequency settings Defines 15 more speeds range is 0 to 360 Hz A_21 Speed 2 A_35 Speed 16 see next row see next row see next row Hz SPD 1 000 0Hz SPD 2 000 0Hz SPD 3 000 0Hz SPD 4 000 0Hz SPD 5 000 0Hz SPD 6 000 0Hz SPD 7 000 0Hz SPD 8 000 0Hz SPD 9 000 0Hz SPD 10 000 0Hz SPD 11 000 0Hz SPD 12 000 0Hz SPD 13 000 0Hz SPD 14 000 0Hz SPD 15 000 0Hz A_21 A_22 A_23 A_24 A_25 A_26 A_27 A_28 A_29 A_30 A_31 A_32 A_33 A_34 A_35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 30 40 50 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A_38 Jog frequency setting Defines limited speed for jog range is 0 5 to 9 99 Hz 1 0 1 0 1 0 Hz Jogging 01 00Hz A_39 Jog stop mode Define how end of jog stops the motor three options 00 Free run stop 01 Controlled de
134. grammer will let you read and write inverter EEPROM contents from the programmer This feature is particularly useful for OEMs who need to duplicate a particu lar inverter s settings in many other inverters in assembly line fashion Braking In general braking is a force that attempts to slow or stop motor rotation So it is associ ated with motor deceleration but may also occur even when the load attempts to drive the motor faster than the desired speed overhauling If you need the motor and load to decelerate quicker than their natural deceleration during coasting we recommend installing an optional dynamic braking unit See Introduction on page 5 2 and Dynamic Braking on page 5 5 for more information on the BRD E2 and BRD EZ2 braking units The L100 inverter sends excess motor energy into a resistor in the dynamic braking unit to slow the motor and load For loads that continuously overhaul the motor for extended periods of time the L100 may not be suitable contact your Hitachi distributor The inverter parameters include acceleration and deceleration which you can set to match the needs of the application For a particular inverter motor and load there will be a range of practically achievable accelerations and decelerations L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 21 Velocity Profiles The L100 inverter is capable of sophisticated speed control A graphical representation of that capability will help y
135. guration see page 3 36 RY See I O specs on page 4 6 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 Inverter output terminal circuit OL Using Intelligent Output Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 26 Output Deviation for PID Control The PID loop error is defined as the magnitude absolute value of the differ ence between the Setpoint target value and the Process Variable actual value When the error magnitude exceeds the preset value for C_44 the OD terminal signal turns ON Refer to PID Loop Operation on page 4 32 NOTE The example circuit in the table above drives a relay coil Note the use of a diode to prevent the negative going turn off spike generated by the coil from damaging the inverter s output transistor OD Signal SP PV C 44 C 44 1 0 t ON ON Setpoint Process variable Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Output State Description 04 OD Output Deviation for PID Control ON when PID error is more than the set threshold for the deviation signal OFF when PID error is less than the set threshold for the deviation signal Valid for outputs 11 12 Required settings C_44 Notes The default difference value is set to 3 To change this value change parameter C_44 deviation level Example requires output configuration see page 3 36 RY See I O specs on page 4 6 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 Inverter output
136. he motor independently The optional remote operator is used SRW Are the operational settings between the remote operator and the inverter unit correct Check the operator type setting The direction of the motor is reversed Are the connections of output terminals U T1 V T2 and W T3 correct Is the phase sequence of the motor forward or reverse with respect to U T1 V T2 and W T3 Make connections according to the phase sequence of the motor In general FWD U V W and REV U W V Are the control terminals FW and RV wired correctly Is parameter F_04 properly set Use terminal FW for forward and RV for reverse Set motor direction in F_04 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 4 The motor speed will not reach the target frequency desired speed If using the analog input is the current or voltage at O or OI Check the wiring Check the potentiometer or signal generating device Is the load too heavy Reduce the load Heavy loads activate the overload restriction feature reduces output as needed Is the inverter internally limiting the output frequency Check max frequency setting A_04 Check frequency upper limit setting A_61 The rotation is unstable Is the load fluctuation too great Is the supply voltage unstable Is the problem occurring at a par
137. ifications Getting Started 1 10 Input signal Freq setting Operator panel Up and Down keys Value settings Potentiometer Analog setting External signal 6 0 to 10 VDC input impedance 10k Ohms 4 to 20 mA input impedance 250 Ohms Potentiometer 1k to 2k Ohms 2W FWD REV Run Operator panel Run Stop Forward Reverse run change by command External signal Forward run stop Reverse run stop Intelligent input terminal FW forward run command RV reverse run command CF1 CF4 multi stage speed setting JG jog command 2CH 2 stage accel decel command FRS free run stop command EXT external trip USP startup function SFT soft lock AT analog current input select signal RS reset PTC thermal protection Output signal Intelligent output terminal RUN run status signal FA1 2 frequency arrival signal OL overload advance notice signal OD PID error deviation signal AL alarm signal Frequency monitor PWM output Select analog output frequency monitor analog output current monitor or digital output frequency monitor Alarm output contact ON for inverter alarm 1C contacts both normally open or closed avail Other functions AVR function curved accel decel profile upper and lower limiters 16 stage speed profile fine adjustment of start frequency carrier frequency change 0 5 to 16 kHz frequency jump gain and bias setting process jogging electronic thermal level adj
138. ing B_32 If you do not know the reactive or no load current for your particular motor you can calibrate the L100 as follows 1 Connect the motor directly across the AC line with no load attached to the shaft WARNING Use a disconnect switch or breaker to ensure that you do not connect the motor or inverter to live wiring Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock 2 Run the motor and measure the no load current with an AC current clamp recording the value 3 Disconnect the motor from the AC line connection and connect the motor to the L100 inverter output still with no load attached 4 Run the motor at the base frequency value of parameter A_03 and monitor the motor current with function D_02 5 If the D_02 display value does not match the current clamp value recorded in Step 2 adjust parameter B_32 up or down until the best match is achieved NOTE Parameter setting B_32 affects the inverter s electronic thermal protection B_12 setting and its overload restriction function B_22 setting B_83 Carrier frequency adjustment The internal switching frequency of the inverter circuitry also called the chopper frequency It is called the carrier frequency because the lower AC output frequency of the inverter rides the carrier The faint high pitched sound you hear when the inverter is in Run Mode is characteristic of switching power supplies in general The carrier frequency is adjustable from 500 Hz to
139. ion ANLG When a thermistor is connected to terminals 5 and L the inverter checks for over temperature and will cause trip event and turn OFF output to motor OPEN A disconnect of the thermistor causes a trip event and the inverter turns OFF the motor Input Function Summary Table Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Description C Group Intelligent Terminal Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 36 Output Terminal Configuration The inverter provides configuration for logic discrete and analog outputs shown in the table below The output logic convention is programmable for terminals 11 and 12 The open collector output terminals 11 and 12 default to normally open active low but you can select normally closed active high for these terminals in order to invert the sense of the logic You can invert the logical sense of the alarm relay output as well C Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units C_21 Terminal 11 function Select function for terminal 11 6 options see next section 01 FA1 01 FA1 01 FA1 OUT TM 1 FA1 C_22 Terminal 12 function Select function f or terminal 12 6 options see next section 00 RUN 00 RUN 00 RUN OUT TM 2 RUN C_23 FM signal selection Select function for terminal FM 3 options see n
140. ion after a fault causes a trip event The four options provide advantages for various situations Frequency matching allows the inverter to read the motor speed by virtue of its residual magnetic flux and restart the output at the corresponding frequency The inverter can attempt a restart a certain number of times depending on the particular trip event Over current trip restart up to 3 times Over voltage trip restart up to 3 times Under voltage trip restart up to 16 times When the inverter reaches the maximum number of restarts 3 or 16 you must power cycle the inverter to reset its operation Other parameters specify the allowable under voltage level and the delay time before restarting The proper settings depend on the typical fault conditions for your applica tion the necessity of restarting the process in unattended situations and whether restart ing is always safe Input power Motor speed B 02 B 03 Power fail t 0 0 Power failure lt allowable power fail time B_02 inverter resumes 0 Inverter output free running Input power Motor speed B 02 t 0 0 Power failure gt allowable power fail time B_02 inverter trips 0 Inverter output free running Allowable power fail time Retry wait time Power fail Allowable power fail time L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 23 B Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Co
141. ired to achieve superior performance You can choose various torque curves to fit the needs of your application Constant torque applies the same torque level across the frequency speed range Variable torque also called reduced torque lowers the torque delivered at mid level frequencies A torque boost setting will add additional torque in the lower half of the frequency range for the constant and variable torque curves With the free setting torque curve feature you can specify a series of data points that will define a custom torque curve to fit your application Inverter Input and Three Phase Power The Hitachi L100 Series of inverters includes two sub groups the 200V class and the 400V class inverters The drives described in this manual may be used in either the United States or Europe although the exact voltage level for commercial power may be slightly different from country to country Accordingly a 200V class inverter requires nominal 200 to 240VAC and a 400V class inverter requires from 380 to 460VAC Some 200V class inverters will accept single phase or three phase power but all 400V class inverters require a three phase power supply TIP If your application only has single phase power available refer to L100 inverters of 3HP or less they can accept single phase input power The common terminology for single phase power is Line L and Neutral N Three phase power connections are usually labeled Line 1 L1 Line 2 L2 a
142. is 0 1 3 0 3 0 3 0 OV PID 003 0 C_91 Debug mode selection Reserved DO NOT EDIT 00 00 00 INIT DEBG OFF C Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units Operations and Monitoring In This Chapter page Introduction 2 Connecting to PLCs and Other Devices 4 Using Intelligent Input Terminals 8 Using Intelligent Output Terminals 21 Analog Input Operation 29 Analog and Digital Monitor Output 30 PID Loop Operation 32 Configuring the Inverter for Multiple Motors 33 4 Introduction Operations and Monitoring 4 2 Introduction The previous material in Chapter 3 gave a reference listing of all the programmable functions of the inverter We suggest that you first scan through the listing of inverter functions to gain a general familiarity This chapter will build on that knowledge in the following ways 1 Related functions Some parameters interact with or depend on the settings in other functions This chapter lists required settings for a programmable function to serve as a cross reference and an aid in showing how functions interact 2 Intelligent terminals Som
143. is in Stop Mode Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings A_02 01 A_38 gt B_82 A_38 gt 0 A_39 Notes No jogging operation is performed when the set value of jogging frequency A_38 is smaller than the start frequency B_82 or the value is 0 Hz Be sure to stop the motor when switching the function JG ON or OFF Example requires input configuration see page 3 32 See I O specs on page 4 6 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 JG L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 13 Two stage Acceleration and Deceleration When terminal 2CH is turned ON the inverter changes the rate of acceleration and deceleration from the initial settings F_02 and F_03 to use the second set of accelera tion deceleration values When the terminal is turned OFF the inverter is returned to the original acceleration and deceleration time F_02 acceleration time 1 and F_03 decelera tion time 1 Use A_92 acceleration time 2 and A_93 deceleration time 2 to set the second stage acceleration and deceleration times In the graph shown above the 2CH becomes active during the initial acceleration This causes the inverter to switch from using acceleration 1 F_02 to acceleration 2 A_92 Output frequency FW RV 2CH t target frequency second initial 1 0 1 0 Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 09 2CH 2 stage Accelerati
144. is power source is named Single Phase to differentiate it from three phase power sources Some Hitachi inverters can accept single phase input power but they all output three phase power to the motor See also Three phase Slip The difference between the theoretical speed of a motor at no load determined by its inverter output waveforms and the actual speed Some slip is essential in order to develop torque to the load but too much will cause excessive heat in the motor windings and or cause the motor to stall Squirrel Cage A nick name for the appearance of the rotor frame assembly for an AC induction motor Stator The windings in a motor that are stationary and coupled to the power input of the motor See also Rotor Tachometer 1 A signal generator usually attached to the motor shaft for the purpose of providing feedback to the speed controlling device of the motor 2 A speed monitoring test meter that may optically sense shaft rotation speed and display it on a readout Thermal Switch An electromechanical safety device that opens to stop current flow when the temperature at the device reaches a specific temperature threshold Thermal switches are sometimes installed in the motor in order to protect the windings from heat damage The inverter can use thermal switch signals to trip shut down if the motor overheats See also Trip Thermistor A type of temperature sensor that changes its resistance according to its temperature The
145. ise it may cause injury to personnel 4 3 viii Cautions for Operations and Monitoring WARNING During a trip event if the alarm reset is applied and the Run command is present the inverter will automatically restart Be sure to apply the alarm reset only after verifying the Run command is OFF Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel 4 3 WARNING Be sure not to touch the inside of the energized inverter or to put any conductive object into it Otherwise there is a danger of electric shock and or fire 4 3 WARNING If power is turned ON when the Run command is already active the motor will automatically start and injury may result Before turning ON the power confirm that the RUN command is not present 4 3 WARNING When the Stop key function is disabled pressing the Stop key does not stop the inverter nor will it reset a trip alarm 4 3 WARNING Be sure to provide a separate hard wired emergency stop switch when the application warrants it 4 3 WARNING If the power is turned ON and the Run command is already active the motor starts rotation and is dangerous Before turning power ON confirm that the Run command is not active 4 9 WARNING After the Reset command is given and the alarm reset occurs the motor will restart suddenly if the Run command is already active Be sure to set the alarm reset after verifying that the Run command is
146. isplay d 0 1 to appear and begin blinking Initialization begins when display starts blinking 14 Now release the and keys only after the d 0 1 display function begins blinking Default parameter country code shown during initialization process left most char displays alternating pattern 15 Initialization is complete Function code for output frequency monitor shown FUNC 1 2 b FUNC b 01 1 b 85 FUNC 02 1 2 STR FUNC b 85 2 b 84 FUNC 00 1 01 STR b 84 FUNC 1 2 b 84 STOP RESET b 84 STOP RESET d 01 FUNC 1 2 E U USA d 01 L100 Inverter Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 9 Maintenance and Inspection Monthly and Yearly Inspection Chart Note 1 The life of a capacitor is affected by the ambient temperature See Capacitor Life Curve on page 6 11 Note 2 The inverter must be cleaned periodically If dust accumulates on the fan and heat sink it can cause overheating of the inverter Item Inspected Check for Inspection Cycle Inspection Method Criteria Month Year Overall Ambient environment Extreme temperatures amp humidity Thermometer hygrometer Ambient temperature between 10 to 40 C non condensing Major devices Abnormal noise amp vib Visual and aural Stable environment for electronic controls Power supply voltage Voltage tolerance Digital volt meter measure between
147. istory amp Conditions on page 6 5 Run Mode Edits The inverter can be in Run Mode inverter output is controlling motor and still allow you to edit certain parameters This is useful in applications that must run continuously yet need some inverter parameter adjustment The parameter tables in this chapter have a column titled Run Mode Edit An Ex mark means the parameter cannot be edited a Check mark means the parameter can be edited The Software Lock Setting parameter B_31 determines when the Run Mode access permission is in effect and access permission in other conditions as well It is the responsibility of the user to choose a useful and safe software lock setting for the inverter operating conditions and personnel Please refer to Software Lock Mode on page 3 26 for more information Control Algorithms The motor control program in the L100 inverter has two PWM sinusoidal switching algorithms The intent is that you select the best algorithm for the motor characteristics in your application Both algorithms generate the frequency output in a unique way Once configured the algorithm is the basis for other parameter settings as well see Torque Control Algorithms on page 3 13 Therefore choose the best algorithm early in your application design process RUN STOP RESET FUNC Run Stop Monitor Program RUN STOP RESET STOP RESET Run Stop Trip Fault Fault
148. itial straight line is the constant torque part of the operating characteristic The horizontal line over to the maximum frequency serves to let the motor run faster but at a reduced torque If you want the motor to output constant torque over its entire operating range limited to the motor nameplate voltage and frequency rating then set the base frequency and maximum frequency equal as shown below right Base Frequency Maximum Frequency Base frequency maximum frequency A 03 A 04 A 03 A 04 V V 100 100 f f Constant torque 0 0 A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units A_01 Frequency source setting Three options select codes 00 Keypad potentiometer 01 Control terminal 02 Function F01 setting 01 01 00 F SET SELECT TRM A_02 Run command source setting Two options select codes 01 Control terminal 02 Run key on keypad or digital operator 01 01 02 F R SELECT TRM A_03 Base frequency setting Settable from 50 Hz to the maximum frequency 50 0 60 0 60 0 Hz F BASE 060Hz A_04 Maximum frequency setting Settable from the base frequency up to 360 Hz 50 0 60 0 60 0 Hz F MAX 060Hz A Group Standard Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 10 Analog Input Settings The inverter has the capability to accept an ext
149. kVA 10 6 2 6 8 10 4 12 7 Rated input voltage 3 phase 380 to 460V 10 50 60 Hz 5 Rated input current A 10 0 11 0 16 5 20 0 Rated output voltage 3 3 phase 380 to 460V corresponding to input voltage Rated output current A 7 8 8 6 13 16 Efficiency at 100 rated output 95 4 96 2 96 0 96 5 Watt loss approximate W at 70 output 100 108 156 186 at 100 output 138 151 219 261 Braking Dynamic braking approx torque short time stop from 50 60 Hz 5 40 50Hz 20 60Hz 20 50Hz 20 60Hz Capacitive feedback type dynamic braking unit and braking resistor optional individually installed DC braking Variable operating frequency time and braking force Weight kg 2 8 2 8 5 5 5 7 lb 6 17 6 17 12 13 12 57 Item General Specifications Protective housing 1 IP20 Control method Sine wave pulse width modulation PWM control Output frequency range 4 0 5 to 360 Hz Frequency accuracy Digital command 0 01 of the maximum frequency Analog command 0 1 of the maximum frequency 25 C 10 C Frequency setting resolution Digital 0 1 Hz Analog max frequency 1000 Volt Freq characteristic V f optionally variable V f control constant torque reduced torque Overload current rating 150 60 seconds Acceleration deceleration time 0 1 to 3000 sec linear accel decel second accel decel setting available L100 Inverter Spec
150. l must connect to the L terminal on the inverter to complete the input circuit Current can only flow into each input so they are sinking inputs whether powered internally or externally NOTE We recommend using the top row L logic GND for logic input circuits and the L GND on the bottom row of terminals for analog I O circuits L100 Inverter Input circuits 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 24V Sinking inputs internal supply L100 Inverter Input circuits 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 24V Sinking inputs external supply 24V L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 9 Forward Run Stop and Reverse Run Stop Commands When you input the Run command via the terminal FW the inverter executes the Forward Run command high or Stop command low When you input the Run command via the terminal RV the inverter executes the Reverse Run command high or Stop command low NOTE The parameter F_04 Keypad Run Key Routing determines whether the single Run key issues a Run FWD command or Run REV command However it has no effect on the FW and RV input terminal operation WARNING If the power is turned ON and the Run command is already active the motor starts rotation and is dangerous Before turning power ON confirm that the Run command is not active Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name State Description 00 FW Forward Run Stop ON Inverter is in Run Mode motor runs forwar
151. l the inverter in a place that can bear the weight according to the specifications in the text Chapter 1 Specifications Tables Otherwise it may fall and cause injury to personnel CAUTION Be sure to install the unit on a perpendicular wall that is not subject to vibration Otherwise it may fall and cause injury to personnel CAUTION Be sure not to install or operate an inverter that is damaged or has missing parts Otherwise it may cause injury to personnel CAUTION Be sure to install the inverter in a well ventilated room that does not have direct exposure to sunlight a tendency for high temperature high humidity or dew condensation high levels of dust corrosive gas explosive gas inflammable gas grinding fluid mist salt damage etc Otherwise there is the danger of fire 1 Step by Step Basic Installation Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 8 Ensure Adequate Ventilation Step 2 To summarize the caution messages you will need to find a solid non flamma ble vertical surface that is in a relatively clean and dry environment In order to ensure enough room for air circulation around the inverter to aid in cooling maintain the speci fied clearance around the inverter specified in the diagram CAUTION Be sure to maintain the specified clearance area around the inverter and to provide adequate ventilation Otherwise the inverter may overheat and cause equipment damage or fire Keep Debris Out of Inverter Ve
152. le operating the product make sure that the covers and safety devices are placed as they were specified originally and operate it according to the instruction manual UL Cautions Warnings and Instructions Wiring Warnings for Electrical Practices and Wire Sizes The Cautions Warnings and instructions in this section summarize the procedures necessary to ensure an inverter installation complies with Underwriters Laboratories guidelines WARNING Use 60 75 C Cu wire only or equivalent WARNING Open Type Equipment WARNING Suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 5 000 rms symmetrical amperes 240 V maximum For models with suffix N or L WARNING Suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 5 000 rms symmetrical amperes 480 V maximum For models with suffix H L100 Inverter xiii Terminal Tightening Torque and Wire Size The wire size range and tightening torque for field wiring terminals are presented in the table below Wire Connectors WARNING Field wiring connections must be made by a UL Listed and CSA Certified ring lug terminal connector sized for the wire gauge being used The connector must be fixed using the crimping tool specified by the connector manufacturer Input Voltage Motor Output Inverter Model Wiring Size Range AWG Torque kW HP ft lbs N m 200V 0 2 1 4 L100 002NFE NFU 16 0 6 0 8 0 4 1 2 L100 00
153. lect whether the STOP key on the keypad is enabled two option codes 00 enabled 01 disabled 00 00 00 STOP SW ON B Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units B_88 00 B_88 01 FW RV Motor speed t Resume from 0Hz Zero frequency start t Resume from current speed FW RV Motor speed B 03 Wait time FRS FRS L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 31 B Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units B_88 Restart mode after FRS Selects how the inverter resumes operation when the free run stop FRS is cancelled two options 00 Restart from 0Hz 01 Restart from frequency detected from real speed of motor frequency matching 00 00 00 RUN FRS ZST B_89 Data select for digital operator OPE J Select the monitoring data to send to the optional remote hand held digital operator seven option codes 01 Output frequency D_01 02 Output current D_02 03 Motor direction D_03 04 PID PV feedback D_04 05 Input states for input terminals D_05 06 Output states for output terminals D_06 07 Scaled output frequency D_07 01 01 01 PANEL d01 C Group Intelligent Terminal Functions Configurin
154. lligent Output Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 24 Frequency arrival output FA1 uses the standard output frequency parameter F_01 as the threshold for switching In the figure to the right Frequency Arrival FA1 turns ON when the output frequency gets within 0 5 Hz below or 1 5 Hz above the target constant frequency This provides hysteresis that prevents output chatter near the threshold value The hysteresis effect causes the output to turn ON slightly early as the speed approaches the threshold Then the turn OFF point is slightly delayed The timing is further modified by a small 60 ms delay Note the active low nature of the signal due to the open collector output Frequency arrival output FA2 works the same way it just uses two separate thresholds as shown in the figure to the right These provide for separate acceler ation and deceleration thresholds to provide more flexibility than for FA1 FA2 uses C_42 during acceleration for the ON threshold and C_43 during decel eration for the OFF threshold This signal also is active low and has a 60 ms delay after the frequency thresholds are crossed Having different accel and decel thresholds provides an asymmetrical output function However you can use equal ON and OFF thresholds if desired FA1 signal Output freq F 01 F 01 60 ms 60 ms ON ON t 0 5 Hz 0 5 Hz 1 5 Hz 1 5 Hz 0 t FA2 signal Output freq C 42 C 43
155. mA DC 4 to 20 mA nominal 0 to 9 6 VDC 0 to 10V nominal 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 See I O specs on page 4 6 Analog and Digital Monitor Output Operations and Monitoring 4 30 Analog and Digital Monitor Output In the system design for inverter applications it is useful to monitor the inverter opera tion from a remote location In some cases this requires only a panel mounted analog meter moving coil type In other cases a controller device such as a PLC may command the inverter frequency and other functions Sometimes it is useful to have the inverter transmit the real time output frequency value back to the controller to confirm actual operation The monitor output function FM serves these purposes The inverter provides an analog digital output primarily for frequency monitoring on terminal FM frequency monitor It uses terminal L as analog GND reference You can configure terminal FM to transmit the inverter current output or frequency output in pulse width modulated format PWM You can also config ure terminal FM to output the frequency value in a frequency modulated FM format The following table lists terminal FM configurations Use function C_23 to configure PWM Signal Type The pulse width modulated signal at terminal FM is primarily designed for driving a moving coil meter The PWM signal is automatically averaged by the inertia of the moving coil mecha
156. mediately When the operator initiates a Reset command the alarm and error are cleared When the Reset is turned OFF the motor begins rotation since the Run command is already active EXT terminal RUN command FW RV RS terminal Motor revolution speed Alarm output terminal t free run 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Description 12 EXT External Trip ON When assigned input transitions OFF to ON inverter latches trip event and displays E12 OFF No trip event for ON to OFF any recorded trip events remain in history until Reset Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings none Notes If the USP Unattended Start Protection feature is in use the inverter will not automatically restart after cancelling the EXT trip event In that case it must receive either another Run command OFF to ON transition a keypad Reset command or an RS intelligent terminal input signal Example requires input configuration see page 3 32 See I O specs on page 4 6 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 EXT Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 16 Unattended Start Protection If the Run command is already set when power is turned ON the inverter starts running immediately after powerup The Unattended Start Protection USP function prevents that automatic startup so that the inverter will
157. mmand source A_01 parameter setting correct Is the Run command source A_02 parameter setting correct Make sure the parameter setting A_01 is correct Make sure the parameter setting A_02 is correct Is power being supplied to termi nals L1 L2 and L3 N If so the POWER lamp should be ON Check terminals L1 L2 and L3 N then U T1 V T2 and W T3 Turn ON the power supply or check fuses Is there an error code E X X displayed Press the Func key and determine the error type Eliminate the error cause then clear the error Reset Are the signals to the intelligent input terminals correct Is the Run Command active Is the FW terminal or RV connected to P24 via switch etc Verify the terminal functions for C_01 C_05 are correct Turn ON Run Command enable Supply 24V to FW or RV terminal if configured Has the frequency setting for F_01 been set greater than zero Are the control circuit terminals H O and L connected to the potentiometer Set the parameter for F_01 to a safe non zero value If the potentiometer is the frequency setting source verify voltage at O gt 0V Is the RS reset function or FRS free run stop function ON Turn OFF the command s Inverter outputs U V W are supplying voltage Is the motor load too heavy Reduce load and test t
158. n The circuit diagram below shows the inverter wiring for performing the megger test Just follow the steps to perform the test 1 Remove power from the inverter and wait at least 5 minutes before proceeding 2 Open the front housing panel to access the power wiring 3 Remove all wires to terminals R S T 1 U V and W Most importantly the input power and motor wires will be disconnected from the inverter 4 Use a bare wire and short terminals R S T 1 U V and W together as shown in the diagram 5 Connect the megger to the inverter Earth GND and to the shorted power terminals as shown Then perform the megger test at 500 VDC and verify 5M or greater resis tance 6 After completing the test disconnect the megger from the inverter 7 Reconnect the original wires to terminals R S T 1 U V and W CAUTION Do not connect the megger to any control circuit terminals such as intelli gent I O analog terminals etc Doing so could cause damage to the inverter CAUTION Never test the withstand voltage HIPOT on the inverter The inverter has a surge protector between the main circuit terminals above and the chassis ground Megger 500VDC L100 Disconnect power source R S T U V W Disconnect motor wires Motor Earth GND 1 Add test jumper wire L100 Inverter Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 11 Spare parts We recommen
159. n four options option codes 00 all parameters except B_31 are locked when SFT terminal is ON 01 all parameters except B_31 and output frequency F01 when SFT from terminal is ON 02 all parameters except B_31 are locked 03 all parameters except B_31 and output frequency F_01 setting are locked 01 01 01 S LOCK MD1 B Group Fine Tuning Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 28 Miscellaneous Settings The miscellaneous settings include scaling factors initialization modes and others This section covers some of the most important settings you may need to configure B_32 Reactive current setting The inverter s D_02 monitor function displays the motor current The display accuracy is normally 20 provided that the following conditions exist A single motor with standard frame size and characteristics is connected The inverter s output frequency is at 50 or higher of the maximum output frequency The inverter s output current is within the rated current However it will be necessary to calibrate the display accuracy via B_32 adjustment of the internal no load reactive motor current if any of these conditions exist The motor is smaller than the standard maximum recommended for the inverter The motor is a two pole motor type Two or more motors are connected in parallel to the inverter be sure to multiply the current by the number of motors when sett
160. nal is configured for the AT function then inverter sums the voltage and current input to determine the desired input value Using an external potentiometer is a common way to control the inverter output frequency and a good way to learn how to use the analog inputs The potentiometer uses the built in 10V reference H and the analog ground L for excitation and the voltage input O for the signal By default the AT terminal selects the voltage input when it is OFF Take care to use the proper resistance for the potentiometer which is 1 to 2 k Ohms 2 Watts Voltage Input The voltage input circuit uses terminals L and O Attach the signal cable s shield wire only to terminal L on the inverter Maintain the voltage within specifi cations do not apply negative voltage Current Input The current input circuit uses terminals OI and L The current comes from a sourcing type transmitter a sinking type will not work This means the current must flow into terminal OI and terminal L is the return back to the transmit ter The input impedance from OI to L is 250 Ohms Attach the cable shield wire only to terminal L on the inverter V Ref A GND Voltage input Current input 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 4 20 mA AT ON 0 10 V AT OFF AT V I input select Frequency setting A 01 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 1 to 2k 2W 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 4 to 19 6
161. nd Line 3 L3 In any case the power source should include an earth ground connection That ground connection will need to connect to the inverter chassis and to the motor frame see Wire the Inverter Output to Motor on page 2 18 Output frequency Output voltage V 100 0 Constant torque f L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 19 Inverter Output to the Motor The AC motor must be connected only to the inverter s output terminals The output terminals are uniquely labeled to differentiate them from the input terminals with the designations U T1 V T2 and W T3 This corresponds to typical motor lead connection designa tions T1 T2 and T3 It is often not necessary to connect a particular inverter output to a particular motor lead for a new application The consequence of swapping any two of the three connections is the reversal of the motor direction In applications where reversed rotation could cause equipment damage or personnel injury be sure to verify direction of rotation before attempting full speed operation For safety to personnel you must connect the motor chassis ground to the ground connection at the bottom of the inverter housing Notice the three connections to the motor do not include one marked Neutral or Return The motor represents a balanced Y impedance to the inverter so there is no need for a separate return In other words each of the three Hot connections serve
162. nic type wattmeter Total effective value Output power factor Pfo Calculate the output power factor from the output voltage E output current I and output power W Pf1 W1 3 E1 I1 100 Pf0 W0 3 E0 I0 100 L100 Inverter Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 13 The figures below show measurement locations for voltage current and power measurements listed in the table on the previous page The voltage to be measured is the fundamental wave effective voltage The power to be measured is the total effective power E1 W1 I1 I1 I1 I1 EU V EU V EU V W01 W02 INVERTER MOTOR N U V W N E1 I1 I1 I1 I1 EU V EU V EU V W01 W02 INVERTER MOTOR L1 U V W L1 N W01 W02 E1 E1 I2 I3 L2 T1 T2 T3 L1 T1 T2 T3 L2 L3 L1 Single phase Measurement Diagram Three phase Measurement Diagram Maintenance and Inspection Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 14 Inverter Output Voltage Measurement Techniques Taking voltage measurements around drives equipment requires the right equipment and a safe approach You are working with high voltages and high frequency switching waveforms that are not pure sinusoids Digital voltmeters will not usually produce reliable readings for these waveforms And it is usuall
163. nism converting the PWM signal to an analog representation Be sure to use a 10V full scale DC voltmeter The signal characteristics of terminal FM in PWM configuration is shown below To calibrate the meter reading generate a full scale output always ON at terminal FM Then use parameter B_81 gain setting from 0 to 255 to adjust the corresponding full scale reading of the meter For example when the inverter output frequency is 60 Hz change the value of B_81 so that the meter reads 60 Hz Func Code Description Waveform Full Scale value C_23 00 Output frequency PWM 0 Max frequency Hz 01 Output current PWM 0 200 02 Output frequency FM 0 Max frequency Hz A GND Analog digital Output 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 See I O specs on page 4 6 0 to 10V 1 mA 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 Inverter output current FM Inverter output frequency Pulse width modulation analog PWM scale factor C_23 00 C_23 01 B 81 10V 0V T T 4 ms t FM Output t T t L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 31 TIP When using the analog meter for monitoring adjust the meter so it has a zero reading when the FM output is zero Then use scale factor B_81 to adjust the FM output so the maximum frequency in the inverter corresponds to a full scale reading on the meter The following accuracy notes apply for PWM monitor outputs The m
164. ns Getting Started 1 8 Item 400V Class Specifications L100 inverters 400V models CE version 004HFE 007HFE 015HFE 022HFE UL version 004HFU 007HFU 015HFU 022HFU Applicable motor size 2 kW 0 4 0 75 1 5 2 2 HP 1 2 1 2 3 Rated capacity 460V kVA 10 1 1 1 9 3 0 4 3 Rated input voltage 3 phase 380 to 460V 10 50 60 Hz 5 Rated input current A 2 0 3 3 5 0 7 0 Rated output voltage 3 3 phase 380 to 460V corresponding to input voltage Rated output current A 1 5 2 5 3 8 5 5 Efficiency at 100 rated output 92 0 93 7 95 7 95 8 Watt loss approximate W at 70 output 25 33 48 68 at 100 output 32 44 65 92 Braking Dynamic braking approx torque short time stopping from 50 60 Hz 5 100 50Hz 50 60Hz 40 50Hz 20 60Hz Capacitive feedback type dynamic braking unit and braking resistor optional individually installed DC braking Variable operating frequency time and braking force Weight kg 1 3 1 7 1 7 2 8 lb 2 87 3 75 3 75 6 17 L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 9 General Specifications The following table applies to all L100 inverters Item 400V Class Specifications continued L100 inverters 400V models CE version 030HFE 040HFE 055HFE 075HFE UL version 040HFU 055HFU 075HFU Applicable motor size 2 kW 3 0 4 0 5 5 7 5 HP 4 5 7 5 10 Rated capacity 460V
165. ntact output terminals AL0 AL1 AL2 When the inverter power supply is turned OFF the alarm signal output is valid as long as the external control circuit has power This signal output has the delay time 300 ms nominal from the fault alarm output The relay contact specifications are in Specifica tions of Control and Logic Connections on page 4 6 The contact diagrams for different condi tions are on the next page Example for terminal 11 or 12 requires output configuration see page 3 36 RY Example for terminals AL0 AL1 AL2 default output configuration shown see page 3 36 See I O specs on page 4 6 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 Inverter logic circuit board Relay position shown is during normal running no alarm AL0 AL2 AL1 AL Inverter output terminal circuit AL Load Power supply Using Intelligent Output Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 28 The alarm output terminals are connected as shown below left by default The contact logic can be inverted as shown below right by using the parameter setting C_33 The relay contacts normally open N O and normally closed N O convention uses normal to mean the inverter has power and is in Run or Stop Mode The relay contacts switch to the opposite position when it is in Trip Mode or when input power is OFF N C contacts after initialization N O contact inverted by C_33 s
166. nts Step 3 Before proceeding to the wiring section it s a good time to temporarily cover the inverter s ventilation openings Paper and masking tape are all that is needed This will prevent harmful debris such as wire clippings and metal shavings from entering the inverter during installation The inverter housing comes from the factory with a snap in cover on the top of its housing Ensure it is in place at this time also to be removed later unless the installation must have a NEMA rating Please observe this checklist while mounting the inverter 1 The ambient temperature must be in the range of 10 to 40 C If the range will be up to 50 C you will need to set the carrier frequency to 2 1 kHz or less and derate the output current to 80 or less Chapter 3 covers how to change parameters such as the carrier frequency Remember to remove the top cover unless the installation is to have a NEMA rating 2 Keep any other heat producing equipment as far away from the inverter as possible 2 8 cm 3 15 minimum 10 cm 3 94 minimum 12 cm 4 72 minimum 10 cm 3 94 minimum L100 Clear area Air flow 3 Top cover installed Ventilation holes both sides L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 9 3 When installing the inverter in an enclosure maintain the clearance around the inverter and verify that its ambient temperature is within specification when the enclosure doo
167. nverter is ON Function Key This key is used to navigate through the lists of parameters and functions for setting and monitoring parameter values Up Down Keys Use these keys alternately to move up or down the lists of parameter and functions shown in the display and increment decrement values Store Key When the unit is in Program Mode and you have edited a parameter value press the Store key to write the new value to the EEPROM Function key Up Down keys Store key Hz POWER A RUN PRG RUN STOP RESET MIN MAX HITACHI FUNC STR 1 2 5 0 0 Parameter Display Run Stop LED Program Monitor LED Run Key Enable LED Run Key Stop Reset Key Power LED Display Units Hertz Amperes LEDs Potentiometer Enable LED Potentiometer 1 2 STR Using Keypad Devices Configuring Drive Parameters 3 4 Keypad Navigational Map You can use the inverter s front panel keypad to navigate to any parameter or function The diagram below shows the basic navigational map to access these items NOTE The inverter 7 segment display shows lower case b and d meaning the same as the upper case letters B and D used in this manual for uniformity A to F NOTE The Store Key saves the edited parameter shown in the display to the inverter s EEPROM Upload or download of parameters to from external devices is accomplished through a differen
168. o place the measurement circuitry components above in an insulated housing before using them 6 14 x CAUTION Do not stop operation by switching OFF electromagnetic contactors on the primary or secondary sides of the inverter When there has been a sudden power failure while an operation instruction is active then the unit may restart operation automatically after the power failure has ended If there is a possibility that such an occurrence may harm humans then install an electro magnetic contactor Mgo on the power supply side so that the circuit does not allow automatic restarting after the power supply recovers If the optional remote operator is used and the retry function has been selected this will also cause automatic restarting when a Run command is active So please be careful CAUTION Do not insert leading power factor capacitors or surge absorbers between the output terminals of the inverter and motor CAUTION MOTOR TERMINAL SURGE VOLTAGE SUPPRESSION FILTER For the 400 V CLASS In a system using an inverter with the voltage control PWM system a voltage surge caused by the cable constants such as the cable length especially when the distance between the motor and inverter is 10 m or more and cabling method may occur at the motor terminals A dedicated filter of the 400 V class for suppressing this voltage surge is available Be sure to install a filter in this situation Power Input Inverter L1 L2 L3
169. ogramming device will facilitate the initial configura tion After installation the inverter will generally receive its control commands through the control logic connector or serial interface from another controlling device In a simple application such as single conveyor speed control a Run Stop switch and poten tiometer will give the operator all the required control In a sophisticated application you may have a programmable logic controller PLC as the system controller with several connections to the inverter It is not possible to cover all the possible types of application in this manual It will be necessary for you to know the electrical characteristics of the devices you want to connect to the inverter Then this section and the following sections on I O terminal functions can help you quickly and safely connect those devices to the inverter CAUTION It is possible to damage the inverter or other devices if your application exceeds the maximum current or voltage characteristics of a connection point The connections between the inverter and other devices rely on the electrical input output characteristics at both ends of each connection shown in the diagram to the right The inverter s inputs require a sourcing output from an external device such as a PLC This chapter shows the inverter s internal electrical component s at each I O terminal In some cases you will need to insert a power source in the interface wirin
170. on and Deceleration ON Frequency output uses 2nd stage acceleration and deceleration values OFF Frequency output uses the initial acceleration 1 and deceleration 1 values Valid for inputs C_01 C_02 C_03 C_04 C_05 Required settings A_92 A_93 A_94 00 Notes Function A_94 selects the method for second stage acceleration It must be set 00 to select the input terminal method in order for the 2CH terminal assignment to operate Example requires input configuration see page 3 32 See I O specs on page 4 6 1 2 3 4 5 L P24 2CH Using Intelligent Input Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 14 Free run Stop When the terminal FRS is turned ON the inverter stops the output and the motor enters the free run state coasting If terminal FRS is turned OFF the output resumes sending power to the motor if the Run command is still active The free run stop feature works with other parameters to provide flexibility in stopping and starting motor rotation In the figure below parameter B_88 selects whether the inverter resumes operation from 0 Hz left graph or the current motor rotation speed right graph when the FRS terminal turns OFF The application determines the best setting Parameter B_03 specifies a delay time before resuming operation from a free run stop To disable this feature use a zero delay time Motor speed FW RV Zero frequency start Motor speed
171. onitor accuracy for frequency monitoring after adjustment is about 5 Depending on the motor the accuracy may exceed this value The monitor display accuracy for current normally 20 depending on the connected motor s characteristics can be improved by adjusting parameter B_32 The accuracy of the current reading is given by the equation If precise current measurement is necessary use the moving coil type ammeter between the inverter and the motor PWM Smoothing Circuit You may also wish to smooth the PWM signal at the FM terminal and convert it to an analog signal The FM terminal will then generate a relatively stable DC analog voltage that represents the output value To do this use the circuit shown to the right Note the output impedance of the circuit is at least 82k so the monitoring device needs an input impedance of 1M or greater Other wise the impedance of the smoothing circuit will cause a non linearity in the reading FM Signal Type The frequency modulated output at terminal FM varies its frequency with the inverter output frequency C_23 03 The multiplier is 10 such that the maximum FM signal frequency is 10 x 360 3 6 kHz or 10 times the inverter s maximum output frequency The signal at FM uses the parameter A_04 Maximum frequency setting For example if A_04 60 Hz then the maximum signal value at FM will be 10 x 60 600 Hz This frequency is digitally controll
172. op State of Inverter at Stop If you adjust the motor s speed to zero the motor will slow to a near stop and the inverter turns the outputs OFF The high performance L100 can rotate at a very slow speed with high torque output but not zero must use servo systems with position feedback for that feature This characteristic means you must use a mechanical brake for some applications Interpreting the Display First refer to the output frequency display readout The maximum frequency setting parameter A_04 defaults to 50 Hz or 60 Hz Europe and United States respectively for your application Example Suppose a 4 pole motor is rated for 60 Hz operation so the inverter is config ured to output 60 Hz at full scale Use the following formula to calculate the RPM The theoretical speed for the motor is 1800 RPM speed of torque vector rotation However the motor cannot generate torque unless its shaft turns at a slightly different speed This difference is called slip So it s common to see a rated speed of approxi mately 1750 RPM on a 60 Hz 4 pole motor Using a tachometer to measure shaft speed you can see the difference between the inverter output frequency and the actual motor speed The slip increases slightly as the motor s load increases This is why the inverter output value is called frequency since it is not exactly equal to motor speed You can program the inverter to display output frequency in units more directl
173. open collector type switch to ground NOTE The example circuit in the table above drives a relay coil Note the use of a diode to prevent the negative going turn off spike generated by the coil from damaging the inverter s output transistor FW RV Output freq Run Signal start freq B 82 t ON 1 0 1 0 Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name Output State Description 00 RUN Run Signal ON when inverter is in Run Mode OFF when inverter is in Stop Mode Valid for outputs 11 12 Required settings none Notes The inverter outputs the RUN signal whenever the inverter output exceeds the start frequency specified by parameter B_82 The start frequency is the initial inverter output frequency when it turns ON Example default output configuration shown see page 3 36 RY See I O specs on page 4 6 12 11 L H O OI FM CM2 RU Inverter output terminal circuit L100 Inverter Operations and Monitoring 4 23 Frequency Arrival Signals The Frequency Arrival group of outputs help coordinate external systems with the current velocity profile of the inverter As the name implies output FA1 turns ON when the output frequency arrives at the standard set frequency parameter F_01 Output FA2 relies on programmable accel decel thresholds for increased flexibility For example you can have an output turn ON at one frequency during acceleration and
174. or Ex under the Run Mode Edit column title indicate whether access applies to each parameter as defined in the table below In some lock modes you can edit only F_01 and the Multi speed parameter group that includes A_20 A220 A_21 A_35 and A_38 Jog However it does not include A_19 Multi speed operation selection The editing access to B_31 itself is unique and is specified in the right most two columns below NOTE Since the software lock function B_31 is always accessible this feature is not the same as password protection used in other industrial control devices B_31 Lock Mode SFT Intelligent Input Standard Parameters F_01 and Multi Speed B_31 Stop Run Stop amp Run Stop Run 00 OFF Run mode edit access ON 01 OFF Run mode edit access ON 02 ignored 03 ignored Run Mode Edit L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 27 NOTE To disable parameter editing when using B_31 lock modes 00 and 01 assign the SFT function to one of the intelligent input terminals See Software Lock on page 4 17 B Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units B_31 Software lock mode selection Prevents parameter changes i
175. orque Output freq Tb t Tc Dynamic braking Inverter Braking unit Braking unit Dynamic Braking Motor Control Accessories 5 6 Use one BRD E2 braking unit for the braking torque listed in the following table Note the column meanings in the tables Column A Average braking torque from 60 Hz to 3 Hz Column B Average braking torque from 120 Hz to 3 Hz Connect a second braking unit in parallel for additional braking torque listed in the following table L100 Inverter 200V Models Braking Torque with BRD E2 Braking Unit Model Number HP Braking torque without braking unit Using built in resistor only External resistor added HRB1 HRB2 HRB3 A B A B A B A B 002NFE NFU 1 4 50 150 120 004NFE NFU 1 2 50 150 120 005NFE NFU 3 4 50 150 120 007NFE NFU 1 50 100 80 150 120 011NFE NFU 1 5 50 60 60 100 80 015NFE NFU 2 50 50 50 100 80 022NFE NFU 3 20 50 50 100 80 037LFU 5 20 40 40 60 60 100 100 150 120 055LFU 7 5 20 30 30 50 50 70 70 100 80 075LFU 10 20 20 20 40 40 50 50 80 80 L100 Inverter 200V Models Braking Torque with TWO 2 BRD E2 Braking Units Model Number HP Braking torque without braking unit Using built in resistor only External resistor added HRB1 HRB2 HRB3 A B A B A B A B
176. ors capable of handling high voltages and currents all with high reliability The saturation voltage has been decreasing resulting in less heat dissipation Hitachi inverters use state of the art semiconductors to provide high performance and reliability in a compact package See also IGBT and Saturation Voltage Trip An event that causes the inverter to stop operation is called a trip event as in tripping a circuit breaker The inverter keeps a history log of trip events They also require an action to clear Watt Loss A measure of the internal power loss of a component the difference between the power it consumes and what its output delivers An inverter s watt loss is the input power minus the power delivered to the motor The watt loss is typically highest when an inverter is delivering its maximum output Therefore watt loss is usually specified for a particular output level Inverter watt loss specifica tions are important when designing enclosures Bibliography Title Author and Publisher Variable Speed Drive Fundamentals 2nd Ed Phipps Clarence A The Fairmont Press Inc Prentice Hall Inc 1997 ISBN 0 13 636390 3 Electronic Variable Speed Drives Brumbach Michael E Delmar Publishers 1997 ISBN 0 8273 6937 9 Hitachi Inverter Technical Guide Book Published by Hitachi Ltd Japan 1995 Publication SIG E002 Drive Parameter Settings Tables In This Appendix page Introduction
177. ou set the breakpoint of the boost point A on the graph by using parameters A_42 and A_43 The manual boost is calculated as an addition to the standard straight V f line constant torque curve Be aware that running the motor at a low speed for a long time can cause motor overheating This is particularly true when manual torque boost is ON or if the motor relies on a built in fan for cooling Output A44 V f control constant torque V f control variable torque 00 01 Inverter Torque Control Algorithms Constant torque A_44 00 V 100 Hz 0 Variable torque A_44 01 V 100 Hz 0 Base freq Max freq Base freq Max freq f base 60Hz Torque boost A_42 11 A_43 10 V Hz 100 11 8 30 0Hz 6 0Hz A 0 A Group Standard Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 14 Voltage Gain Using parameter A_45 you can modify the voltage gain of the inverter see graph at right This is specified as a percent age of the full scale setting Automatic Voltage Regulation AVR level in parameter F_03 The gain can be set from 50 to 100 It should be adjusted in accordance with the motor specifi cations The following table shows the methods of torque control selection A 45 V 100 50 Hz Voltage Gain 0 A Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL F
178. ou understand and configure the associated parameters This manual makes use of the velocity profile graph used in industry shown at right In the example acceleration is a ramp to a set speed and deceleration is a decline to a stop Acceleration and deceleration settings specify the time required to go from a stop to maximum frequency or visa versa The resulting slope speed change divided by time is the acceleration or deceleration An increase in output frequency uses the acceleration slope while a decrease uses the deceleration slope The accel or decel time a particular speed change depends on the starting and ending frequencies However the slope is constant corresponding to the full scale accel or decel time setting For example the full scale acceleration setting time may be 10 seconds the time required to go from 0 to 60 Hz The L100 inverter can store up to 16 preset speeds And it can apply separate acceleration and deceleration transitions from any preset to any other preset speed A multi speed profile shown at right uses two or more preset speeds which you can select via intelligent input terminals This external control can apply any preset speed at any time Alterna tively the selected speed is infinitely variable across the speed range You can use the potentiometer control on the keypad for manual control The drive accepts analog 0 10V signals and 4 20 mA control signals as well The inverter can driv
179. ove D_02 display accuracy range is 0 to 32 Amperes 58 rated current A IO 0 00A B_81 FM terminal analog meter adjustment Adjust 8 bit gain to analog meter connected to terminal FM range is 0 to 255 80 80 80 ADJ 080 B_82 Start frequency adjust ment Sets the starting frequency for the inverter output range is 0 5 to 9 9 Hz 0 5 0 5 0 5 Hz Fmin 0 5Hz B_83 Carrier frequency setting Sets the PWM carrier internal switching frequency range is 0 5 to 16 0 kHz 5 0 5 0 12 0 kHz CARRIER 05 0kHz B_84 Initialization mode parameters or trip history Select the type of initialization to occur two option codes 00 Trip history clear 01 Parameter initialization 00 00 00 INIT MODE TRP B_85 Country code for initial ization Select default parameter values for country on initialization four options option codes 00 Japan version 01 Europe version 02 US version 03 reserved do not set 01 02 00 INIT SEL USA B Group Fine Tuning Functions Configuring Drive Parameters 3 30 B_88 Restart Mode Configuration You can configure how the inverter resumes motor output control after a free run stop Setting B_88 determines whether the inverter will ensure the motor always resumes at 0 Hz or whether the motor resumes from its current coasting speed also called frequency matching The Run command may turn OFF b
180. over voltage condition serves as a warning signal that we have exceeded the deceleration capabilities of the system The L100 inverter can connect to an external braking unit which sends the regenerative energy from the motor during deceleration to the optional braking resis tor s The dynamic braking resistor serves as a load developing heat to stop the motor just as brakes on an automobile develop heat during braking A switching circuit and power resistor are the main components of the dynamic braking unit that includes a fuse and thermally activated alarm relay for safety However be careful to avoid overheating its resistor The fuse and thermal relay are safeguards for extreme conditions but the inverter can maintain braking usage in a safe zone Dynamic Braking Usage Dynamic braking usage must follow guide lines to avoid overheating The timing diagram to the right shows the output frequency versus time Dynamic braking is in effect during the deceleration ramp and has the following constraints Dynamic braking maximum duty cycle 10 where Tb Tc 0 1 sec Dynamic braking maximum continuous ON time Tb 10 sec Selecting Braking Resistors for External Braking Units 200V Class Inverters The following tables specify the braking options for 200V class L100 inverters and the braking torque for each option You can connect a single braking unit to the inverter or two braking units for additional stopping t
181. overload 3 25 Output terminals 2 18 Overload advance notice signal 4 25 Overload restriction 3 25 P Parameter editing 2 21 2 24 Parameter settings tables B 2 Parameters 1 20 2 22 PID loop 1 24 A 5 operation 4 32 output deviation 4 26 settings 3 18 PLC connecting to 4 4 Potentiometer 2 25 4 29 Power factor A 5 Powerup test 2 19 observations 2 27 Powerup unattended start 4 16 Process variable A 5 Program mode 2 23 2 27 3 4 Programming device 3 2 Proportional gain 3 18 Pulse width modulation 4 30 PV source setting 3 18 PWM A 6 R Ratings label 1 4 Reactance A 6 Reactive current setting 3 28 Read write copy unit 1 3 3 2 Rectifier A 6 Reduced torque 3 13 Regenerative braking A 6 Regulation A 6 Regulatory agency approvals 1 4 Relay alarm contacts 4 27 Reset function 4 19 Restart Mode 3 30 Reverse run command 4 9 Reverse torque A 6 Revision history xvii RF noise filter 5 4 Rotor A 6 Run command 4 9 Run command source setting 3 9 Run mode 2 27 3 5 Run signal 4 22 Running the motor 2 26 Run time edits 3 5 3 26 4 17 S Safety messages i Saturation voltage A 6 Scaling 3 29 S curve accel decel 3 21 Second accel and decel 3 20 Sensorless vector control A 6 Setpoint A 6 Single phase power A 7 Sinking I O 4 4 Slip A 7 Software lock 3 5 3 26 4 17 Sourcing I O 4 4
182. phy A 8 Braking 1 20 dynamic 5 5 resistive 1 23 settings 3 15 Braking resistor 2 5 A 2 Braking resistor selection 5 5 Braking unit 2 5 Break away torque A 2 C C Group functions 3 32 Capacitor life curve 6 11 Carrier frequency 3 28 A 2 Catching a spinning motor 3 30 Cautions inverter mounting 2 7 operating procedures 4 2 CE approval A 2 CE EMC guidelines C 2 Chassis ground connection 2 18 Choke 2 5 A 2 Choke DC link 5 4 Chopper frequency 3 28 Clearance 2 8 Coasting 3 30 Constant torque 3 13 Constant volts hertz operation 1 18 Contact information xviii Control algorithms 3 13 Copy Unit 1 3 Cover removal 2 19 Current overload 3 25 Index 2 D D Group parameters 3 6 DC braking 3 15 4 12 A 3 DC link choke 5 4 Deadband A 3 Deceleration 1 21 3 8 4 12 characteristic curves 3 21 second function 3 20 two stage 4 13 Default parameter values B 2 Default settings restoring 6 8 Derating curves 1 11 Derivative gain 3 18 Digital operator 2 21 3 3 Digital operator panel A 3 Digital operators 1 3 Dimensions inverter 2 9 terminals 2 15 Diode A 3 Duty cycle A 3 Dynamic braking 1 20 5 5 A 3 usage 5 5 E Editing parameters 2 21 2 24 in Run Mode 3 5 3 26 4 17 Electromagnetic compatibility C 2 Electronic thermal overload 3 24 EMC installation guidelines C
183. r Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 23 Keypad Navigational Map The L100 Series inverter drives have many programmable functions and parameters Chapter 3 will cover these in detail but you need to access just a few items to perform the powerup test The menu structure makes use of function codes and parameter codes to allow programming and monitoring with only a 4 digit display and a few keys and LEDs So it is important to become familiar with the basic navigational map of parame ters and functions in the diagram below You may later use this map as a reference The navigational map shows the relationship of all resources of the inverter in one view In general use the key to move left and right and the arrow keys to move up and down 1 2 2 1 Edit Write data to EEPROM Increment decrement value 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 Select Parameter 2 Return to parameter list 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 Edit Parameter FUNC FUNC FUNC FUNC FUNC STR 000 0 d 09 d 01 C b A F 04 F 01 A 01 A 9 8 b 01 C 9 1 b 9 2 C 01 1 2 3 4 2 1 PRG LED ON PRG LED OFF Program Mode Monitor Mode Select Function or Group powerdown Store as powerup default Display Data FUNC 1 2 Using the Front Panel Keypad Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 24 Selecting Functions and Editing Param
184. r is closed 4 Do not open the main front panel door at any time during operation Check Inverter Dimensions Step 4 Locate the applicable drawing on the following pages for your inverter Dimensions are given in millimeters inches format NOTE Some inverter housings require two mounting screws while others require four Be sure to use lock washers or other means to ensure screws do not loosen due to vibration 4 MODEL H mm in External Dimensions L100 002NFE 002NFU 004NFE 004NFU 107 4 21 107 4 21 107 4 21 107 4 21 67 2 64 110 4 33 120 4 72 5 0 20 10 0 39 80 3 15 4 0 16 7 0 28 H see H chart 2 5 0 10 Step by Step Basic Installation Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 10 Dimensional drawings continued FAN MODEL External Dimensions L100 004HFE 004HFU 007NFE 007NFU 98 3 86 118 4 65 5 0 20 130 5 12 5 0 20 Air Air 98 3 86 118 4 65 L100 007HFE No fan 007HFU No fan 015HFE 015HFU 110 4 33 4 0 16 10 0 39 7 0 28 2 5 0 10 129 5 08 5 0 20 110 4 33 4 0 16 5 0 20 130 5 12 6 0 24 156 6 14 7 0 28 Ground Terminal Ground Terminal MODEL 005NFE L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 11 Dimensional drawings continued FAN L100 015NFE 015NFU L100 022NFE 022NFU 030HFE 037LFU 040HFE 040HFU 140 5 51
185. rameter True for all parameters If you re using the SFT intelligent input software lock function is the SFT input ON Change the state of the SFT input and check the B_31 parameter SFT mode Symptom condition Probable Cause Solution L100 Inverter Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 5 Monitoring Trip Events History amp Conditions Fault Detection and Clearing The microprocessor in the inverter detects a variety of fault conditions and captures the event record ing it in a history table The inverter output turns OFF or trips similar to the way a circuit breaker trips due to an over current condition Most faults occur when the motor is running refer to the diagram to the right However the inverter could have an internal fault and trip in Stop Mode In either case you can clear the fault by pressing the Stop Reset key Additionally you can clear the inverter s cumulative trip history by performing the procedure Restoring Factory Default Settings on page 6 8 setting B_84 00 will clear the trip history but leave inverter settings intact Error Codes An error code will appear on the display automatically when a fault causes the inverter to trip The following table lists the cause associated with the error RUN STOP RESET STOP RESET Run Stop Trip Fault Fault Error Code Name Cause s E 01 Over current event while at constant speed The inverter ou
186. re DOP Professional provide features beyond what is available from the keypad on the unit A Yes However note first that the same set of parameters and functions are equally accessible from either the unit s keypad or from remote devices The DOP Professional PC software lets you save or load inverter configurations to or from a disk file And the hand held digital operator provides hard wired terminals a safety requirement for some installations L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 23 Q Why does the manual or other documentation use terminology such as 200V class instead of naming the actual voltage such as 230 VAC A A specific inverter model is set at the factory to work across a voltage range particular to the destination country for that model The model specifications are on the label on the side of the inverter A European 200V class inverter EU marking has different parameter settings than a USA 200V class inverter US marking The initialization procedure see Restoring Factory Default Settings on page 6 8 can set up the inverter for European or US commercial voltage ranges Q Why doesn t the motor have a neutral connection as a return to the inverter A The motor theoretically represents a balanced Y load if all three stator windings have the same impedance The Y connection allows each of the three wires to alternately serve as input or return on alternate half cycle
187. riefly allowing the motor to coast to a slower speed from which normal operation can resume In most applications a controlled deceleration is desirable However applications such as HVAC fan control will often use a free run stop This practice decreases dynamic stress on system components prolonging system life In this case you will typically set B_88 01 in order to resume from the current speed after a free run stop see diagram below right Note that using the default setting B_88 00 can cause trip events when the inverter attempts to force the load quickly to zero speed NOTE Other events can cause or be configured to cause a free run stop such as power loss see Automatic Restart Mode on page 3 22 or an intelligent input terminal FRS signal If all free run stop behavior is important to your application such as HVAC be sure to configure each event accordingly An additional parameter further configures all instances of a free run stop Parameter B_03 Retry Wait Time Before Motor Restart sets the minimum time the inverter will free run For example if B_03 4 seconds and the cause of the free run stop lasts 10 seconds the inverter will free run coast for a total of 14 seconds before driving the motor again B_86 Frequency scaling conversion factor Specify a constant to scale the displayed frequency for D_07 monitor range is 0 1 to 99 9 1 0 1 0 1 0 Hz01 0 0 00 B_87 STOP key enable Se
188. rk shall be carried out only by qualified personnel Oth erwise there is a danger of electric shock and or fire HIGH VOLTAGE Implement wiring after checking that the power supply is OFF Otherwise you may incur electric shock and or fire HIGH VOLTAGE Do not connect wiring to an inverter or operate an inverter that is not mounted according the instructions given in this manual Otherwise there is a dan ger of electric shock and or injury to personnel 5 Step by Step Basic Installation Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 14 Determining Wire and Fuse Sizes The maximum motor currents in your application determines the recommended wire size The following table gives the wire size in AWG The Power Lines column applies to the inverter input power output wires to the motor the earth ground connec tion and any other component shown in the Basic System Description on page 2 5 The Signal Lines column applies to any wire connecting to the two green 7 and 8 position connectors just inside the front panel half door Note 1 Field wiring must be made by a UL listed and CSA certified closed loop terminal connector sized for the wire gauge involved Connector must be fixed by using the crimping tool specified by the connector manufacturer Note 2 Be sure to consider the capacity of the circuit breaker to be used Note 3 Be sure to use a larger wire gauge if power line length exceeds 66 ft 20m Note 4 Us
189. rpm and frequency meter readings as expected Were there any abnormal motor vibrations or noise Powering the Inverter If you have followed all the steps cautions and warnings up to this point you re ready to apply power After doing so the following events should occur The POWER LED will illuminate The numeric 7 segment LEDs will display a test pattern then stop at 0 0 The Hz LED will be ON If the motor starts running unexpectedly or any other problem occurs press the STOP key Only if necessary should you remove power to the inverter as a remedy NOTE If the inverter has been previously powered and programmed the LEDs other than the POWER LED may illuminate differently than as indicated above If necessary you can initialize all parameters to the factory default settings See Restoring Factory Default Settings on page 6 8 L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 21 Using the Front Panel Keypad Front Panel Introduction Please take a moment to familiarize yourself with the keypad layout shown in the figure below These are the visible controls and indicators when the front panel door is closed The display is used in programming the inverter s parameters as well as monitoring specific parameter values during operation Many functions are applicable only during the initial installation while others are more useful for maintenance or monitoring Parameter Editing
190. rter Features Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 4 3 Third level access First ensure no power source of any kind is connected to the inverter If power has been connected wait five minutes after powerdown and verify the Power LED is OFF to proceed Then locate the recessed retention screw on the left side main front panel it is along the left hinge area on some models or behind the first access door on others Use a small screwdriver Regular or Phillips to loosen the screw Swing the door around to the right to reveal the internal components of the drive The two level tiered 12 position terminal block accepts wires for the power input and wires to the motor Notice the housing partition that lifts out to allow full access to the terminals for wiring as shown Never operate the inverter drive with the partition removed or the full access door opened The alarm circuit connections are accessible on the 3 position connector near the modular connector on the rear of the main panel door The nearby relay provides both normally open and normally closed logic for interface to an external alarm The alarm circuit may carry hazardous live voltages even when the main power to the inverter is OFF So never directly touch any terminal or circuit compo nent A notch in the removable partition serves as the exit path for alarm circuit wiring The following sections will describe the system design and guide you through a step
191. s L100 Inverter Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 7 Trip History and Inverter Status We recommend that you first find the cause of the fault before clearing it When a fault occurs the inverter stores important performance data at the moment of the fault To access the data use the monitor functions D_xx and select D_08 for details about the present fault En or the error code for the past two trip events En 1 and En 2 using the D_09 Trip History function The following Monitor Menu map shows how to access the error codes When fault s exist you can review their details by first selecting the proper function D_08 displays current trip data and D_09 displays trip history Monitor Menu 2 1 Error Code Previous error 1 FUNC FUNC FUNC FUNC FUNC FUNC Error exists Output frequency at trip point Motor current at trip point DC bus voltage at trip point No error Yes No FUNC Error n 1 exists Yes No Error n 2 exists Yes No Previous error 2 FUNC No history No history FUNC FUNC FUNC Trip History 2 1 2 2 Current Trip Conditions d 08 E 09 d 01 d 09 1 0 0 0 25 189 8 ___ E 03 ___ ___ E 05 Restoring Factory Default Settings Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 8 Restoring Factory Default Settings You can restore all inverter parameters to the original factory default
192. s Q Does the motor need a chassis ground connection A Yes for several reasons Most importantly this provides protection in the event of a short in the motor that puts a hazardous voltage on its housing Secondly motors exhibit leakage currents that increase with aging Lastly a grounded chassis generally emits less electrical noise than an ungrounded one Q What type of motor is compatible with the Hitachi inverters A Motor type It must be a three phase AC induction motor Use an inverter grade motor that has 800V insulation for 200V class inverters or 1600V insulation for 400V class Motor size In practice it s better to find the right size motor for your application then look for the inverter to match the motor NOTE There may be other factors that will affect motor selection including heat dissi pation motor operating speed profile enclosure type and cooling method Q How many poles should the motor have A Hitachi inverters can be configured to operate motors with 2 4 6 or 8 poles The greater the number of poles the slower the top motor speed will be but it will have higher torque at the base speed Q Will I be able to add dynamic resistive braking to my Hitachi L100 drive after the initial installation A Yes You can connect a dynamic braking unit to the L100 inverter The resistor in the braking unit must be sized to meet the braking requirements More information on dynamic br
193. s also as a return for the other connections because of their phase relationship The Hitachi inverter is a rugged and reliable device The intention is for the inverter to assume the role of controlling power to the motor during all normal operations There fore this manual instructs you not to switch off power to the inverter while the motor is running unless it is an emergency stop Also do not install or use disconnect switches in the wiring from the inverter to the motor except thermal disconnect Of course safety related devices such as fuses must be in the design to break power during a malfunction as required by NEC and local codes 3 Phase AC Motor U T1 V T2 W T3 Earth GND Introduction to Variable Frequency Drives Getting Started 1 20 Intelligent Functions and Parameters Much of this manual is devoted to describing how to use inverter functions and how to config ure inverter parameters The inverter is micropro cessor controlled and has many independent functions The microprocessor has an on board EEPROM for parameter storage The inverter s front panel keypad provides access to all functions and parameters which you can access through other devices as well The general name for all these devices is the digital operator or digital operator panel Chapter 2 will show you how to get a motor running using a minimal set of function commands or configuring parame ters The optional read write pro
194. s communicating with some type of supervisory controller or host computer in the same control cabinet and they are connected at the same ground PE potential connect the shields of the control lines to ground PE protective earth at both ends With distributed systems for example the communicating supervisory controller or host computer is not in the same control cabinet and there is a distance between the systems we recommend connecting the shield of the control lines only at the end connecting to the adjustable frequency inverter If possible route the other end of the control lines directly to the cable entry section of the supervisory controller or host computer The shield conductor of the motor cables always must connected to ground PE at both ends To achieve a large area contact between shield and ground PE potential use a PG screw with a metallic shell or use a metallic mounting clip Use only cable with braided tinned copper mesh shield type CY with 85 coverage The shielding continuity should not be broken at any point in the cable If the use of reactors contactors terminals or safety switches in the motor output is neces sary the unshielded section should be kept as short as possible Some motors have a rubber gasket between terminal box and motor housing Very often the terminal boxes and particularly the threads for the metal PG screw connections are painted Make sure there is always
195. se 380 to 460V 50 60 Hz Step by Step Basic Installation Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 18 Wire the Inverter Output to Motor Step 7 The process of motor selection is beyond the scope of this manual However it must be an AC induction motor with three phases It should also come with a chassis ground lug If the motor does not have three power input leads stop the installation and verify the motor type Other guidelines for wiring the motor include Use an inverter grade motor for maximum motor life 1600V insulation For standard motors use the AC reactor accessory if the wiring between the inverter and motor exceeds 10 meters in length Simply connect the motor to the terminals U T1 V T2 and W T3 as shown to the right This is a good time to connect the chassis ground lug on the drive as well The motor chassis ground must also connect to the same point Use a star ground single point arrangement and never daisy chain the grounds point to point Use the same wire gauge on the motor and chassis ground wiring as you used on the power input wiring in the previous step After completing the wiring Check the mechanical integrity of each wire crimp and terminal connection Replace the housing partition that covers access to the power connections Close the main door and secure the reten tion screw firmly Logic Control Wiring After completing the initial installation and pow
196. sensing range of thermistors and their ruggedness make them ideal for motor overheating detection Hitachi inverters have built in thermistor input circuits which can detect an overheated motor and shut off trip the inverter output Three phase power An AC power source with three Hot connections that have phase offsets of 120 degrees is a 3 phase power source Usually Neutral and Earth Ground wires accompany the three Hot connections Loads may be configured in a delta or Y configuration A Y connected load such as an AC induction motor will be a balanced load the currents in all the Hot connections are the same There fore the Neutral connection is theoretically zero This is why inverters that generate 3 phase power for motors do not generally have a Neutral connection to the motor However the Earth Ground connection is important for safety reasons and is provided Bibliography Appendix A A 8 Torque The rotational force exerted by a motor shaft The units of measure ment consist of the distance radius from shaft center axis and force weight applied at that distance Units are usually given as pound feet ounce inches or Newton meters Transistor A solid state three terminal device that provides amplification of signals and can be used for switching and control While transistors have a linear operating range inverters use them as high powered switches Recent developments in power semiconductors have produced transist
197. settings for the intended country of use After initializing the inverter use the powerup test in Chapter 2 to get the motor running again To initialize the inverter follow the steps below NOTE Initialization cannot be performed with a remote operator panel Disconnect the device and use the inverter s front panel keypad No Action Display Func Parameter 1 Use the and keys to navigate to the B Group B Group selected 2 Press the key First B parameter selected 3 Press and hold the key until gt Country code for initialization selected 4 Press the key 00 Japan 01 Europe 02 U S 5 Confirm the country code is correct Do not change it unless you are absolutely sure the power input voltage range and frequency match the country code setting To change the country code press or to set to store 6 Press the key Country code for initialization selected 7 Press the key Initialization function selected 8 Press the key 00 initialization disabled clear fault history only 9 Press the key 01 initialization enabled 10 Press the key Initialization now enabled to restore all defaults 11 Press and hold the and keys Do not release yet First part of special key sequence 12 Holding the keys above press and hold the STOP key for 3 sec Final part of special key sequence 13 Release only the STOP key and wait for the d
198. sical property of a process that is of interest because it affects the quality of the primary task accomplished by the process For an industrial oven temperature is the process variable See also PID Loop and Error Glossary Appendix A A 6 PWM Pulse width modulation A type of AC adjustable frequency drive that accomplishes frequency and voltage control at the output section inverter of the drive The drive output voltage waveform is at a constant amplitude and by chopping the waveform pulse width modulating the average voltage is controlled The chopping frequency is sometimes called the Carrier Frequency Reactance The impedance of inductors and capacitors has two components The resistive part is constant while the reactive part changes with applied frequency These devices have a complex impedance complex number where the resistance is the real part and the reactance is the imaginary part Rectifier An electronic device made of one or more diodes that converts AC power into DC power Rectifiers are usually used in combination with capacitors to filter smooth the rectified waveform to closely approximate a pure DC voltage source Regenerative Braking A particular method of generating reverse torque to a motor an inverter will switch internally to allow the motor to become a gener ator and will either store the energy internally deliver the braking energy back to the main power input or dissipate it with a resi
199. sign individu ally to three physical logic outputs Two of the outputs are open collector transistors and the third output is the alarm relay form C normally open and normally closed contacts The relay is assigned the alarm function by default but you can assign it to any of the functions that the open collector outputs use L100 Inverter 12 11 CM2 Open collector outputs Load Load Logic output common L100 Inverter 12 11 CM2 Open collector outputs Logic output common RY RY Sinking Outputs Open Collector The open collector transistor outputs can handle up to 50mA each We highly recommend that you use an external power source as shown It must be capable of providing at least 100mA to drive both outputs at full load To drive loads that require more than 50mA use external relay circuits as shown below Sinking Outputs Open Collector with External Relays If you need output current greater than 50mA use the inverter output to drive a small relay Be sure to use a diode across the coil of the relay as shown reverse biased in order to suppress the turn off spike or use a solid state relay Using Intelligent Output Terminals Operations and Monitoring 4 22 Run Signal When the RUN signal is selected as an intelligent output terminal the inverter outputs a signal on that terminal when it is in Run Mode The output logic is active low and is the
200. stems and the location of measure ment points for these parameters Note 1 Use a meter indicating a fundamental wave effective value for voltage and meters indicating total effective values for current and power Note 2 The inverter output has a distorted waveform and low frequencies may cause erroneous readings However the measuring instruments and methods listed above provide comparably accurate results Note 3 A general purpose digital volt meter DVM is not usually suitable to measure a distorted waveform not pure sinusoid Parameter Circuit location of measurement Measuring instrument Notes Reference Value Supply voltage E1 ER across L1 and L2 ES across L2 and L3 ET across L3 and L1 Moving coil type voltmeter or rectifier type voltmeter Fundamental wave effective value Commercial supply voltage 200V class 200 240V 50 60 Hz 400V class 380 460V 50 60 Hz Supply current I1 Ir L1 Is L2 It L3 Total effective value Supply power W1 W11 across L1 and L2 W12 across L2 and L3 Total effective value Supply power factor Pf1 Output voltage E0 EU across U and V EV across V and W EW across W and U Rectifier type voltmeter Total effective value Output current Io IU U IV V IW W Moving coil ammeter Total effective value Output power Wo W01 across U and V W02 across V and W Electro
201. stor Regulation The quality of control applied to maintain a parameter of interest at a desired value Usually expressed as a percent from the nominal motor regulation usually refers to its shaft speed Reverse Torque The torque applied in the direction opposite to motor shaft rotation As such reverse torque is a decelerating force on the motor and its external load Rotor The windings of a motor that rotate being physically coupled to the motor shaft See also Stator Saturation Voltage For a transistor semiconductor device it is in saturation when an increase in input current no longer results in an increase in the output current The saturation voltage is the voltage drop across the device The ideal saturation voltage is zero Sensorless Vector Control A technique used in variable frequency drives to rotate the force vector in the motor without the use of a shaft position sensor angular Benefits include an increase in torque at the lowest speed and the cost savings from the lack of a shaft position sensor Setpoint SP The setpoint is the desired value of a process variable of interest See also Process Variable PV and PID Loop L100 Inverter Appendix A A 7 Single phase power An AC power source consisting of Hot and Neutral wires An Earth Ground connection usually accompanies them In theory the voltage potential on Neutral stays at or near Earth Ground while Hot varies sinusoidally above and below Neutral Th
202. t command do not confuse Store with Download or Upload 1 2 2 1 Edit Write data to EEPROM Increment decrement value 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 Select Parameter 2 Return to parameter list 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 Edit Parameter FUNC FUNC FUNC FUNC FUNC STR 000 0 d 09 d 01 C b A F 04 F 01 A 01 A 9 8 b 01 C 9 1 b 9 2 C 01 1 2 3 4 2 1 PRG LED ON PRG LED OFF Program Mode Monitor Mode Select Function or Group powerdown Store as powerup default Display Data L100 Inverter Configuring Drive Parameters 3 5 Operational Modes The RUN and PGM LEDs tell just part of the story Run Mode and Program Modes are independent modes not opposite modes In the state diagram to the right Run alternates with Stop and Program Mode alternates with Monitor Mode This is a very important ability for it shows that a technician can approach a running machine and change some parameters without shutting down the machine The occurrence of a fault during operation will cause the inverter to enter the Trip Mode as shown An event such as an output overload will cause the inverter to exit the Run Mode and turn OFF its output to the motor In the Trip Mode any request to run the motor is ignored You must clear the error by pressing the Stop Reset switch See page Monitoring Trip Events H
203. ted groups identifiable by the left most character as the table shows For example function A_04 is the base frequency setting for the motor typically 50 Hz or 60 Hz To edit the parameter the inverter must be in Program Mode PGM LED will be ON You use the front panel keys to first select the function code A_04 After displaying the value for A_04 use the Up Down or keys to edit it NOTE The inverter 7 segment display shows lower case b and d meaning the same as the upper case letters B and D used in this manual for uniformity A to F The inverter automatically switches into Monitor Mode when you access D Group functions It switches into Program Mode when you access any other group because they all have editable param eters Error codes use the E Group and appear automatically when a fault event occurs Refer to Monitoring Trip Events History amp Conditions on page 6 5 for error code details 1 2 STR Function Group Type Category of Function Mode to Access PGM LED Indicator D Monitoring functions Monitor F Main profile parameters Program A Standard functions Program B Fine tuning functions Program C Intelligent terminal functions Program E Error codes 1 2 D Group A Group F Group MONITOR PROGRAM C Group B Group L100 Inverte
204. ted motor HIGH VOLTAGE Dangerous voltage exists until power light is OFF Wait at least five 5 minutes after input power is disconnected before performing maintenance WARNING This equipment has high leakage current and must be permanently fixed hard wired to earth ground via two independent cables L100 Inverter iii WARNING Rotating shafts and above ground electrical potentials can be hazardous Therefore it is strongly recommended that all electrical work conform to the National Electrical Codes and local regulations Installation alignment and maintenance should be performed only by qualified personnel Factory recommended test procedures included in the instruction manual should be followed Always disconnect electrical power before working on the unit CAUTION a Class I motor must be connected to earth ground via low resistive path lt 0 1 b Any motor used must be of a suitable rating c Motors may have hazardous moving parts In this event suitable protection must be provided CAUTION Alarm connection may contain hazardous live voltage even when inverter is disconnected When removing the front cover for maintenance or inspection confirm that incoming power for alarm connection is completely disconnected CAUTION Hazardous main terminals for any interconnection motor contact breaker filter etc must be inaccessible in the final installation CAUTION This equipment should be installed in IP54 or equi
205. ted noise from the main power wires in the inverter input side This filter is not for achieving CE compliance and is applicable to the input side only of the inverter It comes in two versions for 200V class inverters or 400V class inverters Please refer to the documentation that comes with the radio noise filter for installation instructions DC Link Choke The DC choke reactor suppresses harmonics generated by the inverter It attenuates the high frequency components on the inverter s internal DC bus link However note that it does not protect the diode rectifiers in the inverter input circuit ZCL xxx FFL100 xxx L100 Inverter Motor Control Accessories 5 5 Dynamic Braking Introduction The purpose of dynamic braking is to improve the ability of the inverter to stop deceler ate the motor and load This becomes necessary when an application has some or all of the following characteristics High load inertia compared to the available motor torque The application requires frequent or sudden changes in speed System losses are not great enough to slow the motor as needed When the inverter reduces its output frequency to decelerate the load the motor can temporarily become a generator This occurs when the motor rotation frequency is higher than the inverter output frequency This condition can cause the inverter DC bus voltage to rise resulting in an over voltage trip In many applications the
206. tep 1 Indicates a step in a series of action steps required to accomplish a goal The number of the step will be contained in the step symbol NOTE Notes indicate an area or subject of special merit emphasizing either the product s capabilities or common errors in operation or maintenance TIP Tips give a special instruction that can save time or provide other benefits while installing or using the product The tip calls attention to an idea that may not be obvious to first time users of the product Hazardous High Voltage HIGH VOLTAGE Motor control equipment and electronic controllers are connected to hazardous line voltages When servicing drives and electronic controllers there may be exposed components with housings or protrusions at or above line potential Extreme care should be taken to protect against shock Stand on an insulating pad and make it a habit to use only one hand when checking com ponents Always work with another person in case an emergency occurs Disconnect power before checking controllers or performing maintenance Be sure equipment is properly grounded Wear safety glasses whenever working on electronic controllers or rotating machinery ii General Precautions Read These First WARNING This equipment should be installed adjusted and serviced by qualified electrical maintenance personnel familiar with the construction and operation of the equipment and the hazards involved Failure to observe this preca
207. the DC back to AC again to power the motor The special inverter can vary its output frequency and voltage according to the desired motor speed The simplified drawing of the inverter shows three double throw switches In Hitachi inverters the switches are actually IGBTs isolated gate bipolar transistors Using a commutation algorithm the microprocessor in the drive switches the IGBTs on and off at a very high speed to create the desired output waveforms The inductance of the motor windings helps smooth out the pulses Power Input Inverter L1 Motor L2 L3 Rectifier Variable frequency Drive Internal DC Bus U T1 V T2 W T3 Con Introduction to Variable Frequency Drives Getting Started 1 18 Torque and Constant Volts Hertz Operation In the past AC variable speed drives used an open loop scalar technique to control speed The constant volts per hertz operation maintains a constant ratio between the applied voltage and the applied frequency With these conditions AC induction motors inherently delivered constant torque across the operating speed range For some applications this scalar technique was adequate Today with the advent of sophisticated micro processors and digital signal processors DSPs it is possible to control the speed and torque of AC induction motors with unprecedented accuracy The L100 utilizes these devices to perform complex mathematical calculations requ
208. tic ular frequency Increase the motor capacity both inverter and motor Fix power supply problem Change the output frequency slightly or use the jump frequency setting to skip the problem frequency The RPM of the motor does not match the inverter output frequency setting Is the maximum frequency setting A_04 correct Does the monitor function D_01 display the expected output frequency Verify the V f settings match motor specifications Make sure all scaling such as A_11 to A_14 is properly set Inverter data is not correct No downloads have occurred Was power turned OFF after a parameter edit but before pressing the Store key Edit the data and press the Store key once Edits to data are permanently stored at power down Was the time from power OFF to power ON less than six seconds Wait six seconds or more before turning power OFF after editing data A download to the inverter was attempted Was the power turned OFF within six seconds after the display changed from REMT to INV Copy the data to the inverter again and keep power ON for six seconds or more after copying A parameter will not change after an edit reverts to old setting True for certain parameters Is the inverter in Run Mode Some parameters cannot be edited during Run Mode Put inverter in Stop Mode press the Stop reset key Then edit the pa
209. tput was short circuited or the motor shaft is locked or has a heavy load These conditions cause excessive current for the inverter so the inverter output is turned OFF The dual voltage motor is wired incorrectly E 02 Over current event during deceleration E 03 Over current event during acceleration E 04 Over current event during other conditions E 05 Overload protection When a motor overload is detected by the electronic thermal function the inverter trips and turns OFF its output E 07 Over voltage protection When the DC bus voltage exceeds a threshold due to regenerative energy from the motor E 08 EEPROM error When the built in EEPROM memory has problems due to noise or excessive temperature the inverter trips and turns OFF its output to the motor E 09 Under voltage error A decrease of internal DC bus voltage below a thresh old results in a control circuit fault This condition can also generate excessive motor heat or cause low torque The inverter trips and turns OFF its output E 1 1 E 2 2 CPU error A malfunction in the built in CPU has occurred so the inverter trips and turns OFF its output to the motor Monitoring Trip Events History amp Conditions Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 6 NOTE If an EEPROM error E08 occurs be sure to confirm the parameter data values are still correct If the power is turned OFF while the RS Reset intelligent input terminal is ON an EEPROM
210. ue developed in a motor is directly proportional to the current in the windings which is also proportional to the heat generated and temperature over time Therefore you must set the thermal overload threshold in terms of current amperes for parameter B_12 The range is 50 to 120 of the rated current for each inverter model If the current exceeds the level you specify the inverter will trip and log an event error E05 in the history table The inverter turns the motor output OFF when tripped WARNING When parameter B_12 level of electronic thermal setting is set to device FLA rating Full Load Ampere nameplate rating the device provides solid state motor overload protection at 115 of device FLA or equivalent Parameter B_12 level of electronic thermal setting is a variable parameter NOTE For inverter models 005NFE 011NFE and 030HFE the thermal value is less than the rated amperes is the same as models 004NFE 007NFE and 040HFE respec tively Therefore be sure to set the electronic thermal overload according to the actual motor driven by the particular inverter Output frequency Constant torque Reduced torque B_13 01 B_13 00 Torque 5 20 60 120 Hz 100 80 60 0 B Function Run Mode Edit Defaults Func Code Name SRW Display Description FE CE FU UL FR Jpn Units B_12 Level of electronic thermal setting Set a level between 50 and 120
211. ustment retry function trip history monitor Protective function Over current over voltage under voltage overload extreme high low temperature CPU error memory error ground fault detection at startup internal communication error electronic thermal Operat ing Environ ment Temperature Operating ambient 10 to 50 C 7 Storage 25 to 70 C 8 Humidity 20 to 90 humidity non condensing Vibration 9 5 9 m s2 0 6G 10 to 55 Hz Location Altitude 1 000 m or less indoors no corrosive gasses or dust Coating color Light purple cooling fins in base color of aluminum Options Remote operator unit copy unit cables for the units dynamic braking unit braking resistor AC reactor DC reactor noise filter DIN rail mounting Item General Specifications L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 11 Derating Curves The maximum available inverter current output is limited by the carrier frequency and ambient temperature The carrier frequency is the inverter s internal power switching frequency settable from 0 5 kHz to 16 kHz Choosing a higher carrier frequency tends to decrease audible noise but it also increases the internal heating of the inverter thus decreasing derating the maximum current output capability Ambient temperature is the temperature just outside the inverter housing such as inside the control cabinet where the inverter is mounted A higher ambient temperature decreases derates th
212. ution could result in bodily injury WARNING The user is responsible for ensuring that all driven machinery drive train mechanism not supplied by Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd and process line material are capable of safe operation at an applied frequency of 150 of the maximum selected frequency range to the AC motor Failure to do so can result in destruction of equipment and injury to personnel should a single point failure occur WARNING For equipment protection install a ground leakage type breaker with a fast response circuit capable of handling large currents The ground fault protection circuit is not designed to protect against personal injury HIGH VOLTAGE HAZARD OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK DISCONNECT INCOM ING POWER BEFORE WORKING ON THIS CONTROL WARNING Wait at least five 5 minutes after turning OFF the input power supply before performing maintenance or an inspection Otherwise there is the danger of electric shock CAUTION These instructions should be read and clearly understood before working on L100 series equipment CAUTION Proper grounds disconnecting devices and other safety devices and their location are the responsibility of the user and are not provided by Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd CAUTION Be sure to connect a motor thermal disconnect switch or overload device to the L100 series controller to assure that the inverter will shut down in the event of an overload or an overhea
213. valent see EN60529 enclosure The end application must be in accordance with BS EN60204 1 Refer to the section Choosing a Mounting Location on page 2 7 The diagram dimensions are to be suitably amended for your application CAUTION Connection to field wiring terminals must be reliably fixed having two independent means of mechanical support Use a termination with cable support figure below or strain relief cable clamp etc CAUTION A double pole disconnection device must be fitted to the incoming main power supply close to the inverter Additionally a protection device meeting IEC947 1 IEC947 3 must be fitted at this point protection device data shown in Determining Wire and Fuse Sizes on page 2 14 NOTE The above instructions together with any other requirements highlighted in this manual must be followed for continued LVD European Low Voltage Directive compliance Terminal ring lug Cable support Cable iv Index to Warnings and Cautions in This Manual Installation Cautions for Mounting Procedures Wiring Warnings for Electrical Practices and Wire Specifications CAUTION The inverter is shipped with a plastic cover over the top vent grill REMOVE this cover after the installation is complete Operation with this cover in place will not allow proper cooling and damage to the inverter may result 2 6 CAUTION Be sure to install the unit on flame resistant material such as a ste
214. ve Note 10 The input voltage of xxLFU is 230V L100 Inverter Getting Started 1 7 L100 Inverter Specifications continued Item 200V Class Specifications continued L100 inverters 200V models CE version 015NFE 022NFE UL version 015NFU 022NFU 037LFU 055LFU 075LFU Applicable motor size 2 kW 1 5 2 2 3 7 5 5 7 5 HP 2 3 5 7 5 10 Rated capacity 240V kVA 10 2 9 4 1 6 3 9 6 12 7 Rated input voltage 1 phase 200 to 240V 5 10 50 60 Hz 5 3 phase 200 to 240V 5 10 50 60 Hz 5 037LFU 055LFU amp 075LFU 3 phase only Rated input current A 1 phase 16 0 22 5 3 phase 9 3 13 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 Rated output voltage 3 3 phase 200 to 240V corresponding to input voltage Rated output current A 7 1 10 0 15 9 24 32 Efficiency at 100 rated output 95 3 95 6 95 5 96 1 96 2 Watt loss approximate W at 70 output 50 71 118 152 204 at 100 output 70 97 166 216 288 Braking Dynamic braking approx torque short time stop from 50 60 Hz 5 100 50Hz 50 60Hz 40 50Hz 20 60Hz 20 50Hz 20 60Hz Capacitive feedback type dynamic braking unit and braking resistor optional individually installed DC braking Variable operating frequency time and braking force Weight kg 2 2 2 8 2 8 5 5 5 7 lb 4 85 6 17 6 17 12 13 12 57 L100 Inverter Specificatio
215. w Check for any loosening of screws Otherwise there is the danger of fire When connecting wiring use the tightening torque listed in the following table to safely attach wiring to the connectors Wire the Inverter Input to a Supply Step 6 In this step you will connect wiring to the input of the inverter First you must deter mine whether the inverter model you have requires three phase power only or if it can accept either single phase or three phase power All models have the same power connector terminals L1 L2 and N L3 So you must refer to the specifications label on the side of the inverter for the acceptable power source types For inverters that can accept single phase power and are connected that way terminal L2 will remain unconnected The wiring example to the right shows an L100 inverter wired for 3 phase input Note the use of ring lug connectors for a secure connection Connector Number of Screw Terminals Models 002NF 004NF Models 005NF 022NF 037LF 004HF 040HF Models 055LF 075LF 055HF 075HF Screw Diameter Width mm Screw Diameter Width mm Screw Diameter Width mm Power Terminals 12 M3 5 7 1 M4 9 M5 13 Control Signal 15 M2 M2 M2 Alarm Signal 3 M3 M3 M3 Ground Terminals 2 M4 M4 M4 Screw Tightening Torque Screw Tightening Torque Screw Tightening Torque M2 0 2 N m ma
216. x 0 25 N m M3 5 0 8 N m max 0 9 N m M5 2 0 N m max 2 2 N m M3 0 5 N m max 0 6 N m M4 1 2 N m max 1 3 N m 6 Step by Step Basic Installation Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 16 Please use the terminal arrangement below corresponding to your inverter model NOTE An inverter powered by a portable power generator may receive a distorted power waveform overheating the generator In general the generator capacity should be five times that of the inverter kVA CAUTION Be sure that the input voltage matches the inverter specifications Single Three phase 200 to 240 V 50 60 Hz up to 2 2kW Three phase 200 to 230V 50 60Hz above 2 2kW Three phase 380 to 460 V 50 60Hz CAUTION Be sure not to power a three phase only inverter with single phase power Otherwise there is the possibility of damage to the inverter and the danger of fire 1 1 L1 L2 N L3 U T1 V T2 W T3 L2 N L3 U T1 V T2 1 L1 L2 N L3 U T1 V T2 W T3 002NFE NFU 004NFE NFU 005NFE 007 to 022NFE NFU 037LFU 004 to 040HFE HFU 055LFU 075LFU 055HFE HFU 075HFE HFU Jumper Jumper Jumper Chassis Ground Chassis Ground Chassis Ground L1 W T3 L100 Inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation 2 17 CAUTION Be sure not to connect an AC power supply to the output terminals Other wise there is the
217. y qualified personnel will perform maintenance inspec tion and part replacement Before starting to work remove any metallic objects from your person wristwatch bracelet etc Be sure to use tools with insulated handles Otherwise there is a danger of electric shock and or injury to personnel WARNING Never remove connectors by pulling on its wire leads wires for cooling fan and logic P C board Otherwise there is a danger of fire due to wire breakage and or injury to personnel General Precautions and Notes Always keep the unit clean so that dust or other foreign matter does not enter the inverter Take special care in regard to breaking wires or making connection mistakes Firmly connect terminals and connectors Keep electronic equipment away from moisture and oil Dust steel filings and other foreign matter can damage insulation causing unexpected accidents so take special care Inspection Items This chapter provides instructions or checklists for these inspection items Daily inspection Periodic inspection approximately once a year Insulation resistance test L100 Inverter Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 3 Troubleshooting Tips The table below lists typical symptoms and the corresponding solution s Symptom condition Probable Cause Solution The motor will not run The inverter outputs U V W are not supplying voltage Is the frequency co
218. y related to the load speed by entering a constant discussed more in depth on page 3 29 Run Stop Versus Monitor Program Modes The Run LED on the inverter is ON in Run Mode and OFF in Stop Mode The Program LED is ON when the inverter is in Program Mode and OFF for Monitor Mode All four mode combinations are possible The diagram to the right depicts the modes and the mode transitions via keypad NOTE Some factory automation devices such as PLCs have alternate Run Program modes the device is in either one mode or the other In the Hitachi inverter however Run Mode alternates with Stop Mode and Program Mode alternates with Monitor Mode This arrangement lets you program some values while the inverter is operating providing flexibility for maintenance personnel 10 Speed in RPM Frequency 60 Pairs of poles Frequency 120 of poles 60 120 4 1800RPM Run Stop Monitor Program RUN STOP RESET FUNC Configuring Drive Parameters In This Chapter page Choosing a Programming Device 2 Using Keypad Devices 3 D Group Monitoring Functions 6 F Group Main Profile Parameters 8 A Group Standard Functions 9 B Group
219. y risky to connect high voltage signals to oscilloscopes The inverter output semiconductors have some leakage and no load measurements produce misleading results So we highly recommend using the following circuits to measure voltage for performing the equipment inspections HIGH VOLTAGE Be careful not to touch wiring or connector terminals when work ing with the inverters and taking measurements Be sure to place the measurement cir cuitry components above in an insulated housing before using them 220 k 2W 220 k 2W Voltage measurement with load Inverter U T1 V T2 W T3 Voltage measurement without load U T1 V T2 W T3 Additional resistor L1 L L2 L3 N L1 L L2 L3 N Inverter 5 k 30W V Class Diode Bridge Voltmeter 200V Class 600V 0 01A min 300V range 400V Class 100V 0 1A min 600V range V Class Diode Bridge Voltmeter 200V Class 600V 0 01A min 300V range 400V Class 100V 0 1A min 600V range L100 Inverter Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6 15 IGBT Test Method The following procedure will check the inverter transistors IGBTs and diodes 1 Disconnect input power to terminals R S and T and motor terminals U V and W 2 Disconnect any wires from terminals and for regenerative braking 3 Use a Digital Volt Meter DVM and set it for 1 resistance range You can check the status of the charging stat
220. y variation 4 or less Voltage distortion THD 10 or less 2 Installation measure Use a filter designed for L100 inverter 3 Wiring Shielded wire screened cable is required for motor wiring and the length must be less than 50 meters The carrier frequency setting must be less than 5 kHz to satisfy EMC require ments Separate the power input and motor wiring from the signal process circuit wiring 4 Environmental conditions when using a filter follow these guidelines Ambient temperature 10 to 40 C Humidity 20 to 90 RH non condensing Vibration 5 9 m sec2 0 6 G 10 55Hz Location 1000 meters or less altitude indoors no corrosive gas or dust Index A A Group functions 3 9 AC reactors 5 3 Acceleration 1 21 3 8 characteristic curves 3 21 second function 3 20 two stage 4 13 Access levels 3 5 3 26 4 17 Access to terminals 2 2 Accessories 5 2 Air flow 2 8 Alarm signal 4 27 Algorithms torque control 3 5 Ambient temperature 2 8 A 2 Analog input settings 3 10 Analog inputs current voltage select 4 18 operation 4 29 wiring examples 4 29 Analog outputs configuration 3 38 FM type 4 31 operation 4 30 PWM type 4 30 Arrival frequency A 2 Automatic restart 3 22 Automatic voltage regulation 3 19 Auto tuning A 2 AVR 3 19 B B Group functions 3 22 Base frequency A 2 Bibliogra
221. ypad layout is pictured below All other programming devices for the inverter have a similar key arrangement and function Key and Indicator Legend Run Stop LED ON when the inverter output is ON and the motor is developing torque Run Mode and OFF when the inverter output is OFF Stop Mode Program Monitor LED This LED is ON when the inverter is ready for parameter editing Program Mode It is OFF when the parameter display is monitoring data Monitor Mode Run Key Enable LED is ON when the inverter is ready to respond to the Run key OFF when the Run key is disabled Run Key Press this key to run the motor the Run Enable LED must be ON first Parameter F_04 Keypad Run Key Routing determines whether the Run key gener ates a Run FWD or Run REV command Stop Reset Key Press this key to stop the motor when it is running uses the programmed deceleration rate This key will also reset an alarm that has tripped Potentiometer Allows an operator to directly set the motor speed when the potenti ometer is enabled for output frequency control Potentiometer Enable LED ON when the potentiometer is enabled for value entry Parameter Display A 4 digit 7 segment display for parameters and function codes Display Units Hertz Amperes One of these LEDs will be ON to indicate the units associated with the parameter display Power LED This LED is ON when the power input to the i

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