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GE CTR 80 User's Manual

1. MET 46 10 Digital Communication Interface 47 10 1 Serial Communications lee ee ee ee 47 ocn dares ete see 48 os Gee 48 10 1 21 Baud Rate ee rere be ert ey Oe Sov eR ern 48 101 22 Sample Period occi Rev ye 49 101 23 Duplex Mode oce eedem Rey e Rame a 49 10 124 Linefead te ER ORC aah este dea eet 49 10 1 3 Serial Operation ee Hata p o See teet e a Seed 49 10 2 Interface Commands RR IRR 49 11 Calibration Procedure 99 11 1 Calibration Procedure ee eee 53 11 4 Calibration Equipment bx DRE cha ER eae 53 1112 Calibration eed oat ects GREY And bec Ce Y rune 53 12 55 13 Trouble Shooting 6 4 sex Rm e CR o Re cmn an 57 13 1 5 132 CE COMMEN oS 58 132 1 EMC Dirattiya crm eR RI Fad Eat 58 13 2 2 Low Voltage Directive Safety 58 13 3 Wiring Diagram Figures Figure Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Drain Valve Installation IMPORTANT Do Not Over Tighten Foll
2. A A EXIT EXIT Operating up gt Serial Parameters DOWN Interface Menu tj z s U Adj Adj co fiut QUU Adj COOL DOWN Menu o m T gt gt SE c z m ust Rate ple iod 3g 23 Adj 5 Peri e 83 25 o Duplex de V Adj Di Linefeed Eg Linefeed DO NOT CHANGE THESE VALUES SEE MANUAL T Cal Menu o m ET X5 rd Cut E Adj Cut 2 gs gt e m v gt H ELTA gt SB BU Adjust BETA a 33S 5 3S3H L 39NVHO LON OG 9 2 2 9 2 3 9 Controller Operation To set the temperature one must first select the set point memory This function is accessed from the temperature display function by pressing SET The number of the set point memory currently being used is shown at the left on the display followed by the current set point value 10 006 Bath temperature in degrees Celsius SET Access set point memory 250 Set point memory 1 25 C currently used Press SET to accept the new selection and access the set point value SET Accept selected set point memory Set point Value The set point value may be adjusted after selecting the set point memory and pressing SET EET I
3. n 3 3 7 Customer Site 11 A Quick Stan uiu e eae wae he eee a 13 41 eree eens 13 412 ae aa 13 43 iiid Ya e EUIS RE des 14 44 Setting the Temperature 1 ee ee 14 5 17 5 1 BathEnvironment 2 0 0 0 17 52 Dry out Period 2 loce 17 53 Bath Preparation and Filling 2 2 2 ee 7 5 3 1 Drain Valve Installation Instructions 2 RR RRRIRR 17 5 3 2 Filling With HUND et Rb d eaa ed edet rad 18 9 4 POWE ane nena ee SM OA denen Mae oe NS eA 19 b esu ERROR Ww OSS 21 MT 21 d 6 2 6 3 Comparison 21 Calibration of Multiple Probes 22 7 Parts and Controls leeren 23 7 72 73 Control Panel RR 23 Bath Tank and 24 Back Panele eter EREIGNIS 24 8 27 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 Boothe PUI Ante ae a 27 8 1 1 Temperature o 5 eR Ee eR daa ae ae n der ed ades 27 8 12 SRI IR 27 3 13 Specific Hedt i ios d
4. The information in this section is for general information only It is not de signed to be the basis for calibration laboratory procedures Each laboratory will need to write their own specific procedures General Be sure to select the correct fluid for the temperature range of the calibration Bath fluids should be selected to operate safely with adequate thermal proper ties to meet the application requirements Also be aware that some fluids ex pand and could overflow the bath if not watched Refer to General Operation Section8 for information specific to fluid selection and to the MSDS sheet spe cific to the fluid selected The temperature range of any single fluid is likely less than that of the bath itself This means that the type of bath fluid may have to change to cover the full range of the bath see Section8 1 1 Baths are most often set up to operate with a single fluid only over the useful range of that fluid Other baths can be set up with other fluids to cover other temperature ranges required This is generally the most productive and efficient approach The bath generates extreme temperatures Precautions must be taken to prevent personal injury or damage to objects Probes may be extremely hot or cold when removed from the bath Cautiously handle probes to prevent personal in jury Carefully place probes on a heat cold resistant surface or rack until they are at room temperature It is advisable to wipe the probe with a c
5. S I e GE ER er dog 35 927 Sot point Valid eere e e Dedi ste pa P ER 37 9 23 Temperature Scale Units 2 III 37 ed RR ds 38 9 3 1 Scan Control sere eei Dae dee a E dat 38 93 7 Stan ROE osaic eee d eO da cette a ete tei cde Sy lacy Deed RR 38 94 SecndayMen 39 95 HeaterPower 0 0 0 cece ee eee ees 39 96 Proportional Band 2 eee 39 OT CUTOUT eww Si raed he BE dee 4 9 8 Controller Configuration eee 42 9 9 Operating Parameters 2 ee ee ee 42 9 91 Hight Limit Pee aR win dd 42 9592 Low Pose arava ace wee TDI 42 9 93 beides db Soi nahh 43 9 10 Serial Interface Parameters 43 9 Baud e o e Reo OUS RE Poe xd 44 9 102 Saniple Period 2 yr ERE PRIX RE Dp Rawle E Ec edes 44 9 10 3 Duplex Mode sie mes meme eee 44 9 104 Linefde os Wid Yaa MAG E bite dor ale 45 9 11 Calibration Parameters 2 0 0 eee es 45 gM Hard DER a a Pa Ecc 46 DEA Ro eio ade 46 DIR PTT 46 DL A DELTA 2 es sno c eds Roseto ee bv rare rede er d ra uie aen ed 46
6. and pressing SET Linefeed The final parameter in the serial interface menu is the linefeed mode This pa rameter enables or disables OFF transmission of a linefeed charac ter LF ASCII 10 after transmission of any carriage return The default setting is linefeed off The mode may be changed using UP or DOWN and press ing SET Serial Operation Once the cable has been attached and the interface set up properly the control ler will immediately begin transmitting temperature readings at the pro grammed rate The serial communications uses 8 data bits one stop bit and no parity The set point and other commands may be sent via the serial interface to set the temperature set point and view or program the various parameters The interface commands are discussed in Section10 2 All commands are ASCII character strings terminated with a carriage return character CR ASCII 13 Interface Commands The various commands for accessing the calibrator functions via the digital in terfaces are listed in this section see Table 3 These commands are used with the RS 232 serial interface The commands are terminated with a carriage re turn character The interface makes no distinction between upper and lower case letters hence either may be used Commands may be abbreviated to the minimum number of letters which determines a unique command A command may be used to either set a parameter or display a paramet
7. 7103 2 00 Read structure of all commands h elp h list of commands Read all operating parameters all all list of parameters Legend Note Optional Command data Returns either information n Numeric data supplied by user 9 Numeric data returned to user x Character data returned to user When DUPLEX is set to FULL and command is sent to READ the command is returned followed by a car riage return and linefeed Then the value is returned as indicated in the RETURNED column 669 whether or not a value is sent with the command following a character For example s lt CR gt will return the current set point and s 150 0 lt CR gt will set the set point to 150 0 degrees In the following list of commands characters or data within brackets and are optional for the command A slash denotes alternate characters or data Numeric data denoted by may be entered in decimal or exponential notation Characters are shown in lower case although upper case may be used Spaces may be added within command strings and will simply be ignored Backspace BS ASCII 8 may be used to erase the previous character A termi nating CR is implied with all commands 11 1 2 11 Calibration Procedure Calibration Procedure Calibration Procedure Calibration of this instrument should be performed at regularly scheduled inter vals by qualified authorized personnel in accordance with your c
8. CE Comments 13 2 1 EMC Directive This instrument has been tested to meet the European Electromagnetic Compat ibility Directive EMC Directive 89 336 EEC The Declaration of Confor mity for your instrument lists the specific standards to which the unit was tested 13 2 2 Low Voltage Directive Safety In order to comply with the European Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC this instrument has been designed to meet the IEC 1010 1 EN 61010 1 and IEC 1010 2 010 EN 61010 2 010 standards 13 Trouble Shooting L e ds v sO z fepp unies g7 Vi 0905 2700 Bumes einoes OVA OEZ S LL indul 7 on 9ma 3009 V popunoi eq oi syed ejau v 082 sdwy 0 OYA 02 104 MOIS A 092 sdurv Oz OWA St 203 sesny uenis 93 052 sdulv OWA OEZ 104 WVSOVIG 0854 Wiring Diagram 13 3 83 A OSZ sdwy 9 OVA 104 27 00i co1 08 uin ueousuy nid Aon um 1953 60 peyioeds ssejun 9 0 je payes uim umoys saum
9. Customer Support Agreement provides additional phone or FAX technical assistance for installation or program development Contact the Cus tomer Service Department for details Customer Site Assistance Kaye can provide optional onsite assistance with installation initial operation and training of plant personnel Contact the Customer Service Department for details 4 1 4 2 4 Quick Start Quick Start Caution READ SECTION 6 TITLED BATH USE before placing the bath in service Incorrect handling can damage the bath and void the warranty This chapter gives a brief summary of the steps required to set up and operate the bath This should be used as a general overview and reference and not as a substitute for the remainder of the manual Please read Section 5 through 8 carefully before operating the bath Unpacking Unpack the bath carefully and inspect it for any damage that may have oc curred during shipment If there is shipping damage notify the carrier immedi ately Verify that all components are present e CTR 80 Bath e Access Hole Cover e Manual e RS 232 Cable e Report of Test e Drain Valve Set up Caution The drain valve must be installed on the back of the bath before attempting to fill the tank with fluid See Section 5 3 on page 17 for drain installation instructions Warning The instrument is equipped with a soft cutout user settable firm ware and a hard cutout set at the factory Check the fl
10. For safety a user can ad just the High Limit down so the maximum temperature set point is restricted HL i High Limit parameter Press SET to accept the new temperature limit 9 9 2 Low Limit The Low Limit LL Parameter adjusts the lower set point temperature limit The factory default and minimum temperature are set to 90 For safety user can adjust the Low Limit up so the minimum temperature set point is restricted 9 9 3 9 10 9 Controller Operation Press SET to accept the new temperature limit Cooling This menu function allows the operator to disable cooling and corresponds to the remote cooling control function see Table 3 Switching the cooling off temporarily allows the bath to heat up more quickly from a low temperature Cooling can be manually switched off using the cooling switch on the front panel or automatically switched off any time the bath temperature or set point is higher than about 35 C As a result cooling is ON only if the cooling func tion is ON the cooling switch is ON and both the bath temperature and the set point are less than about 35 C The cooling function is indicated by Cool Flashes CooL and then displays the setting Serial Interface Parameters The serial RS 232 interface parameters menu is indicated by SErIAL Serial RS 232 interface parameters menu The serial interface parameters menu contains parameters which determine the operation of the s
11. The correct setting of these parameters is im portant to the safety and proper operation of the bath The calibration parameters menu is indicated by CAL i Calibration parameters menu Press SET five times to enter the menu 9 Controller Operation The calibration parameters R ALPHA DELTA and BETA characterize the resistance temperature relationship of the platinum control sensor These pa rameters may be adjusted by an experienced user to improve the accuracy of the bath 9 11 1 Hard Cutout This parameter is the temperature above which the unit shuts down automati cally The parameter is set at the factory to approximately 120 C and can be changed only through the variable resistor This parameter cannot be changed through the instrument menu or the communications port and is user settable 9 11 2 R This probe parameter refers to the resistance of the control probe at 0 C The value of this parameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy 9 11 3 ALPHA This probe parameter refers to the average sensitivity of the probe between 0 and 100 C The value of this parameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy 9 11 4 DELTA This probe parameter characterizes the curvature of the resistance temperature relationship of the sensor The value of this parameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy 9 11 5 BETA This probe parameter characterizes the low temperatures The
12. equipment to be supplied from the fixed installation Examples include household office and laboratory appliances C TIC Australian EMC mark Safety Information Use this instrument only as specified in this manual Otherwise the protection provided by the instrument may be impaired Refer to the safety information below The following definitions apply to the terms Warning and Caution e Warning identifies conditions and actions that may pose hazards to the user e Caution identifies conditions and actions that may damage the instru ment being used A Warnings To avoid personal injury follow these guidelines GENERAL e DO NOT use the instrument for any application other than calibration work The instrument was designed for temperature calibration Any other use of the unit may cause unknown hazards to the user e DO NOT use the unit in environments other than those listed in the user s guide DO NOT overfill the bath Overflowing extremely cold or hot fluid may be harmful to the operator See Section 5 3 Bath Preparation and Filling for specific instructions e Follow all safety guidelines listed in the user s manual e Calibration Equipment should only be used by Trained Personnel 1 Before You Start e If this equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired e Before initial use or after transport o
13. fr 10 C 12 C 13 35 C 0 810 0 C 0 6 0 0005 co 20 C 0 0014 25 C 0 66 0 C 0 792 20 C 0 45 20 C Water 0 C fr 95 C b NONE 1 25 C 1 00 1 00 0 0014 0 0002 25 C 0 4 75 C Ethylene 30 C fr 90 C b 7 0 1 05 0 8 0 C 0 001 Glycol 50 2 50 C 5020 0 7 100 C Mineral Oil No 7 10 C v 166 C fl 168 C 15 75 C 0 87 25 C 0 48 25 C 0 00025 25 C 0 0007 50 C 5 25 C 5011 5 125 C 0 84 75 C 0 53 75 C 0 81 125 C 0 57 125 C Silicone Oil Type 40 C v 130 fl 133 5 25 0 92 25 C 0 4 0 00028 25 C 0 00105 000 25 C 200 05 5010 0 150 C Silicone Oil Type 30 C v 209 C fl 211 C 10 25 C 0 934 25 0 43 40 C 0 00032 25 C 0 00108 000 25 C 200 10 5012 3 135 C 0 45 100 C 50 150 C 0 482 200 C Silicone Oil Type 10 C v 230 C fl cc 232 C 20 25 C 0 949 25 0 370 40 0 00034 25 C 0 00107 000 25 C 200 20 5013 0 393 100 C 50 150 C 0 420 200 C Silicone Oil Type 30 C v 278 C fl cc 280 C 50 25 C 0 96 25 C 0 4 0 00037 25 C 0 00104 000 25 C 200 50 5014 50 150 C Silicone Oil Type 550 70 v 230 C fl cc 232 C 50 70 C 1 07 25 C 0 358 40 0 00035 25 C 0 00075 00 25 C 5016 300 C fl 10 104 C 0 386 100 C 150 C 0 433 200 C Silicone Oil Type 710 80 v 300 C fl 302 C 50 80 C 1 11 25 C 0 363
14. of Test to restore the test pa rameters 1 Before You Start DO NOT operate this instrument in an excessively wet oily dusty or dirty environment The unit is a precision instrument Although it has been designed for opti mum durability and trouble free operation it must be handled with care Position the unit before the tank is filled with fluid Use the handles pro vided to move the unit Due to the weight of the compressor it may re quire two people to safely move the bath If two people are used place one person in the front and one person in the back of the unit carefully slide hands under the unit and lift in unison The area containing the com pressor will be heavier than the rest of the unit Do not move a unit filled with fluid Most probes have handle temperature limits Be sure that the probe handle temperature limit is not exceeded in the air above the instrument The instrument and any thermometer probes used with it are sensitive in struments that can be easily damaged Always handle these devices with care Do not allow them to be dropped struck stressed or overheated COLD BATHS Refrigerated baths require that the condensing coil be cleaned periodi cally Accumulation of dust and dirt on the condenser will result in pre mature failure of the compressor This bath has been equipped with a brownout and over voltage protection device as a safety feature to protect the system components Mode of Operatio
15. to the displayed value EXIT does not store the new value SP 50 i New sample period 9 10 3 Duplex Mode The next parameter is the duplex mode The duplex mode may be set to full du plex or half duplex With full duplex any commands received by the calibrator via the serial interface are immediately echoed or transmitted back to the device of origin With half duplex the commands are executed but not echoed The du plex mode parameter is indicated by 9 10 4 9 11 9 Controller Operation Linefeed The final parameter in the serial interface menu is the linefeed mode This pa rameter enables on or disables off transmission of a linefeed character LF ASCII 10 after transmission of any carriage return The linefeed parameter is indicated by Calibration Parameters The operator of the CTR 80 controller has access to the Hard Cutout and a number of the bath calibration constants namely R ALPHA DELTA and BETA These values are set at the factory and should not be altered The cor rect values are important to the accuracy and proper and safe operation of the bath Access to these parameters is available to the user only so that in the event that the controller memory fails the user may restore these values to the factory settings The user should have a list of these constants and their settings with the manual Caution DO NOT change the values of the bath calibration constants from the factory set values
16. 40 C 0 00035 25 C 0 00077 00 25 C 5017 7 204 C 0 454 100 C 150 C 0 505 200 C Silicone Oil Type 66 C v 313 C fl oc 315 C 50 66 C 0 96 25 C 0 34 100 C 0 0003 0 00095 00 25 C 210 H 14 204 C 150 C Heat Transfer Salt 180 fr 550 C NONE 34 150 C 2 0 150 C 0 33 0 0014 0 00041 a 5001 6 5 300 C 1 9 300 C 24 500 C 1 7 500 C Limiting Factors b boiling point e high evaporation fl flash point fr freeze point v viscosity Flash point test oc open cup cc closed cup Very low water solubility ice will form as a slush from condensation below freezing 8 1 11 1 Very low water solubility ice will form as a slush from condensation below freezing Limitations and Disclaimer The information given in this manual regarding fluids is intended only to be used as a general guide in choosing a fluid Though every effort has been made to provide correct information we cannot guarantee accuracy of data or assure suitability of a fluid for a particular application Specifications may change and sources sometimes offer differing information GE Kaye Instruments cannot be liable for any personal injury or damage to equipment product or facilities re sulting from the use of these fluids The user of the bath is responsible for col lecting correct information exercising proper judgment and insuring safe operation Operating near the limits of cert
17. As a result aspects of the design are uncommon and the refrig erants are non standard The system is cascaded meaning there are two separate systems with the first one chilling the second This is required to reach temperatures below 40 Normal refrigeration does not use a cascading technique and many refrigera tion technicians are not familiar with such systems The first stage refrigerant is an HFC known as R 507 The second stage per forms the ultra low cooling Its refrigerant is an HFC R 508B also known as SUVA 95 What this means to you e The cascade system is complex and its uncommon nature means that many local refrigeration service technicians may not be able to service it If your bath needs survice call GE Kaye Instruments Customer Service at 1 800 964 KAYE e The compressor manufacturer does not warranty their compressors when used with non standard refrigerants Warranty of these compressors must be handled through GE Kaye Instruments only There is no other way for you to receive parts or service on your compressor You must receive your parts or service from GE Kaye Instruments Temperature Controller The bath temperature is controlled by a special digital temperature controller The controller features a 24 bit analog to digital converter DAC that gives it remarkable accuracy and stability The bath temperature is monitored with a platinum resistance sensor in the con trol probe The controller uses a p
18. GE Kaye CTR 80 World Headquarters GE Kaye Instruments Inc 101 Billerica Avenue Building 7 North Billerica 01862 USA tel 978 262 0005 800 964 5293 US amp Canada fax 978 439 8181 email kaye ge com European Headquaters GE Kaye Europe Sinsheimer Strasse 6 D 75179 Pforzheim Germany tel 49 0 7231 14335 0 fox 49 0 7231 14335 29 email info kaye europe com www gekaye com Subject to change without notice Copyright 2002 Printed in USA Rev 371502 Table of Contents L Before You Stan uoa xU RO sosur ee we ee 1 1 1 Symbols Used eee eee ae 1 1 2 SafetyInformation 2 2 IPLA UD S PED 4 1 3 Customer Service Information 6 2 1 7 3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions 9 3 1 2 eec ER SA vin Rn 9 3 2 Environmental Conditions eee 9 3 3 Hardware Warranty and Assistante llle 10 3 3 1 Instrument Warranty 2 RRRRRRRRRRRR Ic 10 3 9 2 In Warranty Repairs a sses seri eee tede ea db ee e eed 10 3 33 After Warranty Repairs 2 RRRRRRRRRRRRR RR 10 3 3 4 Equipment Maintenance 5 n 3 2 5 Customer SUPPOM mor here aa eed n 3 3 6 Customer Support Agreement
19. abilized before starting the calibration 7 Parts and Controls 7 Parts and Controls 7 1 Control Panel The following controls and indicators are present on the controller front panel see Figure 2 below 1 the digital LED display 2 the control buttons 3 the on off power switch 4 the heater mode light and 5 the cooling on off switch 1 The digital display is an important part of the temperature controller It displays the set point temperature and bath temperature as well as the various other bath functions settings and constants The display shows temperatures according to the selected scale units C or F 2 The control buttons SET DOWN UP and EXIT are used to set the bath temperature set point access and set other operating parameters and access and set bath calibration parameters A brief description of the functions of the buttons follows SET Used to display the next parameter in a menu and to set parame ters to the displayed value DOWN Used to decrement the displayed value of parameters UP Used to increment the displayed value EXIT Used to exit from a menu When EXIT is pressed any changes made to the displayed value will be ignored 3 Theon off switch controls power to the entire bath including the stir ring motor CTR 80 Figure 2 CTR 80 Control Panel N 7 Parts and Controls 4 The heater mode is a red light emitting diode LED This indicator lets th
20. ain properties such as the flash point or viscosity can compromise safety or performance Your company s safety 8 General Operation 8 2 8 3 8 4 8 5 policies regarding flash points toxicity and such issues must be considered You are responsible for reading the material safety data sheets and acting accordingly Stirring Stirring of the bath fluid is very important for stable temperature control The fluid must be mixed well for good temperature uniformity and fast controller response The stirrer is precisely adjusted for optimum performance Power Power to the bath is provided by an AC mains supply See Section 3 1 Specifi cations for power details Refer to and read the CAUTION at the front of this manual concerning brownout and over voltage protection Power to the bath passes through a filter to prevent switching spikes from being transmitted to other equipment To turn on the bath switch the control panel power switch to the ON position The stirring motor will turn on the LED display will begin to show the bath temperature and the heater will turn on or off until the bath temperature reaches the programmed set point When powered on the control panel display will briefly show a four digit number This number indicates the number of times power has been applied to the bath Also briefly displayed is data which indicates the controller hardware configuration This data is used in some cir cumstances for diagnost
21. ash point boiling point or other fluid characteristic applicable to the circumstances of the unit operation Ensure that the soft cutout is adjusted to the fluid charac teristics of the application As a guideline the soft cutout should be set 10 C to 15 C below the flash point of the bath fluid See Section Heat Transfer Fluid for specific information on bath fluids and Section Cut out 4 Quick Start 4 3 4 4 Set up of the bath requires careful unpacking and placement of the bath install ing the drain valve filling the bath with fluid and connecting power Consult Section 5 for detailed instructions for proper installation of the bath Be sure to place the bath in a safe clean and level location Install the drain valve onto the pipe fitting at the back of the bath and make sure the valve is closed See Section 5 3 Bath Preparation and Filling Be sure to place the bath in a safe clean and level location Fill the bath tank with an appropriate liquid For operation at moderate bath temperatures clean distilled water works well For lower temperatures ethanol denatured works well but is NOT USABLE AT HIGHER TEMPERA TURES due to flammability Carefully pour the fluid into the bath tank through the large rectangular access hole above the tank avoiding spilling any fluid The fluid must not exceed a height of 1 2 inch below the top of the tank or be less than 2 inches below the top Power Plug the bath power cord i
22. ath at the con nector labeled RS 232 5 Theremovable vent panel can be removed to access the condensor for cleaning See Section 12 Maintenance 8 1 1 8 1 2 8 1 3 8 General Operation General Operation Bath Fluid Many fluids work with the CTR 80 bath Choosing a fluid requires consider ation of many important characteristics of the fluid Among these are tempera ture range viscosity specific heat thermal conductivity thermal expansion electrical resistivity fluid lifetime safety and cost If the viscosity becomes too great the stirrer may not function Temperature Range One of the most important characteristics to consider is the temperature range of the fluid Few fluids work well throughout the complete temperature range of the bath The temperature at which the bath is operated must always be within the safe and useful temperature range of the fluid Set the cutout to meet the temperature limits of the selected fluid The lower temperature range of the fluid is determined by the freeze point of the fluid or the temperature at which the viscosity becomes too great The upper temperature is usually limited by vaporization flammability or chemical breakdown of the fluid Vaporization of the fluid at higher temperatures may affect temperature stability because of cool condensed fluid dripping into the bath from the lid Viscosity Viscosity is a measure of the thickness of a fluid how easily it can be p
23. ax Tank Capacity 1 gallon 4 liters Cooling Time From 25 C to 80 130 minutes Refrigeration Cascade Two HP compressors Heater Power 500 W Automation Package Interface it software and RS 232 included Power 115 VAC 10 60 Hz 16 or 230 VAC 10 50 Hz 8 A specify 1700 W Size 12 W x 30 H x 24 D 305 x 762 x 610 mm Weight 115 Ib 52 kg Environmental Conditions Although the instrument has been designed for optimum durability and trou ble free operation it must be handled with care The instrument should not be operated in an excessively dusty or dirty environment Maintenance and clean ing recommendations can be found in the Maintenance Section of this manual The instrument operates safely under the following conditions e temperature range 15 30 C 59 86 F 3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 2 3 3 3 e ambient relative humidity 15 50 e pressure 75kPa 106kPa e mains voltage within 10 of nominal e vibrations in the calibration environment should be minimized e altitude less than 2 000 meters Hardware Warranty and Assistance Instrument Warranty GE Kaye Instruments Inc warrants its products against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 12 months from the date of shipment GE Kaye Instruments Inc will at its option repair or replace products which prove defective during this
24. b for immersion depth to reduce the stem effect to a minimum 20 x the diameter of the UUT the sensor length Do not submerge the probe handles If the probe handles get too warm during calibration at high tempera tures a heat shield could be used just below the probe handle This heat shield could be as simple as aluminum foil slid over the probe before inserting it in the bath or as complicated as a specially designed reflective metal apparatus When calibrating over a wide temperature range better results can generally be achieved by starting at the highest temperature and progressing down to the lowest temperature Probes can be held in place in the bath by using probe clamps or drilling holes in the access cover Other fixtures to hold the probes can be designed The ob ject is to keep the reference probe and the probe s to be calibrated as closely grouped as possible in the working area of the bath Bath stability is maximized when the bath working area is kept covered In preparing to use the bath for calibration start by e Placing the reference probe in the bath working area e Placing the probe to be calibrated the UUT in the bath working area as close as feasibly possible to the reference probe Calibration of Multiple Probes Fully loading the bath with probes increases the time required for the tempera ture to stabilize after inserting the probes Using the reference probe as the guide be sure that the temperature has st
25. bration parameter see Sec tion 9 11 2 to make the bath temperature as measured with the standard thermometer match the set point The approximate ratio between a change in RO and a change in temperature at 0 C is about 0 4 to 1 For ex ample if the bath temperature is high by 0 1 C at 0 C then decrease RO by 0 04 e Setthe set point to 100 C and allow adequate time for the bath to reach this temperature and stabilize Adjust the ALPHA calibration parameter see Section 9 11 3 to make the bath temperature as measured with the standard thermometer match the set point The approximate ratio between a change in ALPHA and a change in temperature at 100 C is about 0 00004 to 1 For example if the bath temperature is high by 0 1 C at 100 C then decrease ALPHA by 0 000004 11 Calibration Procedure e Set the set point to 50 C and allow adequate time for the bath to reach this temperature and stabilize Adjust the DELTA calibration parameter see Section 9 11 4 to make the bath temperature as measured with the standard thermometer match the set point The approximate ratio between a change in DELTA and a change in temperature at 50 C is about 4 0 to 1 For example if the bath temperature is high by 0 1 C at 50 C then de crease DELTA by 0 4 Set the set point to 70 C and allow adequate time for the bath to reach this temperature and stabilize Adjust the BETA calibration parameter see Section 9 11 5 to make the bath temperature a
26. ce between the 31xD 3TxD connector DB 9 and the een e pad shield If the unit is used in a 6 DSR heavy industrial setting the se 7 RIS 7 RIS rial cable must be limited to cn ONE METER in length Setup Instrument Computer DTE Connector Connector Before operation the serial in DB 9 Pin DB 25 Pin terface must first be set up by INC 2RxD e 21 programming the baud rate and 3TxD e 3RxD other configuration parameters ANC o 485 5 GND e 505 These parameters pro 6 DSR grammed within the serial inter 7 RIS JL ren face menu The serial interface 805 T 800 is outlined 9NC 20 DTR PATAP EI ARRUS OUT EGIT Figure 5 Serial Cable Wiring Figure 4 on page 36 To enter the serial parameter programming mode first press EXIT while pressing SET and release to en ter the secondary menu Press SET repeatedly until the display reads Press UP until the serial interface menu is indicated with 5E c IRL Finally press SET to enter the serial parameter menu In the serial interface parame ters menu are the baud rate the sample rate the duplex mode and the linefeed parameter Baud Rate The baud rate is the first parameter in the menu The display prompts with the baud rate parameter by showing b RU 8 Press SET to choose to set the baud rate The current baud rate value is displayed The baud rate of the in
27. d its value Eight set point memories are available SET Access set point selection i 25 0 Set point 1 25 0 C currently used Press SET to select this memory and access the set point value SET Access set point value C 25 00 Current value of set point 1 25 00 C Press UP or DOWN to change the set point value Increment display New set point value Press SET to accept the new value The bath begins heating or cooling to the new set point Store new set point Press EXIT and the bath temperature will be displayed again Return to the temperature display 24 13 Bath temperature display The bath heats or cools until it reaches the new set point temperature Turn off the cooling to reach and control at higher temperatures When setting the set point temperature be careful not to exceed the temperature limit of the bath fluid To obtain optimum control stability adjust the proportional band as discussed in Section 9 6 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 3 1 5 Installation Installation A Caution READ SECTION 6 TITLED BATH USE before placing the bath in service Incorrect handling can damage the bath and void the warranty Bath Environment The CTR 80 Bath is a precision instrument which should be located in an ap propriate environment The location should be free of drafts extreme tempera tures and temperature changes dirt etc The surface where the bath is placed must be level Al
28. ds Below is a description of some of the more commonly used fluids and their characteristics Water Distilled Water is often used because of its very low cost availability and excellent tem perature control characteristics Water has very low viscosity and good thermal conductivity and heat capacity which makes it among the best fluids for control stability at low temperatures Temperature stability is much poorer at higher temperatures because water condenses on the lid cools and drips into the bath Water is safe and relatively inert The electrical conductivity of water may pre vent its use in some applications Water has a limited temperature range from a few degrees above 0 C to a few degrees below 100 C At higher temperatures evaporation becomes significant Water used in the bath should be distilled or softened to prevent mineral deposits Consider using an algaecide chemical in the water to prevent contamination Ethanol Denatured ethanol ethyl alcohol is often used at lower temperatures between 80 and 10 C It has good viscosity over its range and is inexpensive Toxic ity vapors and flammability at temperatures higher than 10 C are significant issues that must be considered 8 General Operation 8 1 10 3 8 1 10 4 8 1 10 5 8 1 11 Mineral Oil Mineral oil or paraffin oil is often used at moderate temperatures above the range of water Mineral oil is relatively inexpensive At lower temperatures
29. e user visually see the ratio of heating to cooling When the indicator is lit the heater is on and when it is off the heater is off and the bath is cooling 5 The cooling switch turns on the refrigeration for control below 50 C and rapid cool down 7 2 Bath Tank and Lid The bath tank and lid assembly includes the tank the control probe the stir ring motor the access hole and the access hole cover e The bath tank is constructed of stainless steel It is very resistant to oxida tion in the presence of most chemicals and over a wide range of tempera tures e The control probe provides the temperature feedback signal to the con troller allowing the controller to maintain a constant temperature The control probe is a precision platinum resistance thermometer PRT It is delicate and must be handled carefully The probe is placed in the small hole in the top of the bath so that the probe tip is fully immersed in the bath fluid It is located underneath the motor cover e The stirring motor is mounted on the bath tank lid under the motor cover It drives the stirring propeller to provide mixing of the bath fluid Proper mixing of the fluid is important for good constant temperature stability e On the bath lid is a work area access hole This is used for filling the bath with fluids and placement of thermometers and devices into the bath When possible the access hole should be covered must be covered to reach minimum temperature
30. ed by the natural heating or cooling rate of the instrument This will be less than 10 C min The scan rate function appears in the main menu after the scan control function The scan rate units are in degrees per minute degrees C or F depending on the selected units 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 Controller Operation Press SET to accept the new scan rate and continue Accept scan rate Secondary Menu Functions which are used less often are accessed within the secondary menu The secondary menu is accessed by pressing SET and EXIT simulta neously and then releasing The first function in the secondary menu is the heater power display See Figure 4 on page 36 Heater Power The temperature controller controls the temperature of the bath by pulsing the heater on and off The total power being applied to the heater is determined by the duty cycle or the ratio of heater on time to the pulse cycle time By knowing the amount of heating the user can tell if the calibrator is heating up to the set point cooling down or controlling at a constant temperature Monitoring the percent heater power will let the user know how stable the bath temperature is The heater power display is accessed in the secondary menu Press SET and EXIT simultaneously and release The heater power will be displayed as a percentage of full power 10 00 Bath temperature Heater power in percent To exit out of the secondary
31. ed into the bath Setting the temperature involves two steps 1 select the set point memory and 2 adjust the set point value To protect the refrigeration system from excessive pressures it will not operate above 50 C Programmable Set points The controller stores 8 set point temperatures in memory The set points can be quickly recalled to conveniently set the calibrator to a previously programmed temperature set point 9 Controller Operation Display Temperature v SET v Select Setpoint v Adjust Setpoint Units C F Scan On Off EXIT SET DOWN Display of Rs SET UP EXIT Toggles C F Secondary Functions gt SET EXIT Y Display Power Set Proportional Band Cut out Set Cut out Temp Configuration Menu SET Menu Legend Press SET to step through the menu and to store the parameter value Press EXIT briefly to skip a parameter without storing the parameter value Hold EXIT to exit the menu and display the temperature Figure 4 Controller Operation Flowchart UP
32. er depending on 10 Digital Communication Interface Table 3 Controller Communications Commands Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values Display Temperature Read current set point s etpoint 5 set 999 99 C or F set 90 00 C Set current set point to n s etpoint n s 80 00 Instrument Range Read temperature t emperature t 1 999 99 C or F t 55 6 Read temperature units u nits X C Set temperature units u nits c f CorF Set temperature units to Celsius u nits c Set temperature units to u nits f u f Fahrenheit Read scan mode sc an sc scan ON or OFF scan ON Set scan mode sc an on off sc on ON or OFF Read scan rate sr ate sr srat 99 9 Cor F min srat 12 4C min Set scan rate sr ate n sr 1 1 to 99 9 Secondary Menu Read proportional band setting pr opband pr pb 999 9 pb 15 9 Set proportional band to n pr opband n pr 8 83 Depends on Configuration Read cut out setting cu tout cu 9999 Cor F cu 105 C in Set cut out setting to n degrees cu tout n cu 05 25 to 115 C Read heater power po wer po po 999 9 po 1 0 duty cycle Configuration Menu Operating Parameters Menu Read high limit hl hl hl 999 hl 126 Set high limit hl n hl 90 25 to 100 Read low limit Il 11 999 11 90 Set low limit ll n 90 90 to 25 Read coo
33. erial interface These controls only apply to instruments fitted with the serial interface The parameters in the menu are BAUD rate sample period duplex mode and linefeed Press UP to enter the menu 9 Controller Operation 9 10 1 Baud Rate The baud rate is the first parameter in the menu The baud rate setting deter mines the serial communications transmission rate The baud rate parameter is indicated by Flashes bud and then displays the stetting Current BAUD rate The baud rate of the serial communications may be programmed to 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 baud Use UP or DOWN to change the baud rate value New BAUD rate Press SET to set the baud rate to the new value or EXIT to abort the opera tion and skip to the next parameter in the menu 9 10 2 Sample Period The sample period is the next parameter in the serial interface parameter menu The sample period is the time period in seconds between temperature measure ments transmitted from the serial interface If the sample rate is set to 5 the in strument transmits the current measurement over the serial interface approximately every five seconds The automatic sampling is disabled with a sample period of 0 The sample period is indicated by SPEr Flashes SPEr and then displays the setting a T Adjust the value with UP or DOWN and then use SET to store the sam ple rate
34. f the set point value is correct hold EXIT to resume displaying the well temperature Press UP or DOWN to adjust the set point value 28 00 New set point value When the desired set point value is reached press SET to accept the new value and access the temperature scale units selection If EXIT is pressed in stead of SET any changes made to the set point are ignored SET Accept new set point value Temperature Scale Units The temperature scale units of the controller can be set by the user to degrees Celsius C or Fahrenheit F The selected units are used in displaying the well temperature set point and proportional band Press SET after adjusting the set point value to change display units 9 Controller Operation 9 3 Scan The scan rate can be set and enabled so that when the set point is changed the bath heats or cools at a specified rate degrees per minute until it reaches the new set point With the scan disabled the bath heats or cools at the maximum possible rate 9 3 1 Scan Control The scan is controlled with the scan on off function that appears in the main menu after the set point function Sc OFF i Scan function off Press SET to accept the present setting and continue SET Accept scan setting 9 3 2 Scan Rate The next function in the main menu is the scan rate The scan rate can be set from 1 to 99 9 C min The maximum scan rate however is actually limit
35. fectively increases the viscosity and reduces temperature stability Pumping systems may be rendered ineffective due to ice block age The ice water can be removed occasionally by heating the fluid up to 100 C for brief periods of time Use halocarbon under a fume hood at higher temperatures to remove vapors Toxicity is low but caution is al ways recommended Halocarbon has excellent electrical resistivity This fluid is fairly expensive Fluid Characteristics Table Table 2 on page 31 provides help in selecting a heat exchange fluid media for your constant temperature bath This table provides a numerical representation of most of the physical qualities important in making a selection The list is not all inclusive There may be other useful fluids not shown in this listing The table includes information on a variety of fluids which are often used as heat transfer fluid in baths Because of the temperature range some fluids may not be useful with your bath 8 General Operation Table 2 Table of Various Bath Fluids Fluid Lower Upper Temperature Thermal Thermal Hart Part No Temperature Limit Flash Viscosity Specific Specific Heat Condudivity Expansion Resistivity Limit Point centistokes Gravity cal g C cal s cm C cm cm C 107 0 cm Halocarbon 0 8 100 C v 70 e NONE 5 7 50 C 1 71 40 C 0 2 0 0004 0 0011 5019 0 8 40 C 0 5 70 C Methanol 96 C
36. he factory to a value between 0 5 and 1 0 C The proportional band width may be altered by the user if he desires to optimize the control characteristics for a particular application The proportional band width is easily adjusted from the front panel The width may be set to discrete values in degrees C or F depending on the selected units The proportional band adjustment is be accessed within the secondary menu Press SET and EXIT to enter the secondary menu and show the heater power Then press SET to access the proportional band ser Access heater power in secondary menu To store the new setting press SET Press EXIT to continue without storing the new value SET Accept the new proportional band setting 9 7 9 Controller Operation Cutout As a protection against software or hardware fault or user error the bath is equipped with an adjustable cutout device that shuts off power to the heater if the temperature exceeds a set value This protects the instrument probes and fluid from excessive temperatures The cutout temperature is programmable by the operator from the front panel of the controller The cutout should be set to the temperature limits of the selected fluid If the cutout is activated because of excessive temperature power to the heater shuts off and the instrument cools The bath cools until it reaches a few degrees below the cutout set point temperature At this point the cu
37. ic purposes Heater The power to the bath heater is precisely controlled by the temperature control ler to maintain a constant bath temperature Power is controlled by periodically switching the heater on for a certain amount of time using a solid state relay The front panel LED heater mode shows the state of the heater The indicator glows red when the heater is on and is off when the heater is off The indicator will pulse constantly when the bath is maintaining a stable temperature Refrigeration This bath uses a two stage refrigeration system which requires special refriger ants to enable it to reach low temperatures This section describes some aspects of the cooling system and provides important information regarding refrigerants 8 5 1 8 5 2 8 6 8 General Operation Operation The bath controller automatically switches off cooling when the bath is oper ated above 50 C to protect the system from extreme pressures The refrigera tion system is also protected by a brownout and over voltage protection device that switches off power to the system when the line voltage is outside the safe operating range The display indicates Lo L n E when this condition exists A time delay prevents the refrigeration from restarting for a short time after ade quate line voltage has been restored Important Refrigerant Information The refrigeration system in this bath has been designed to perform at ultra low temperatures
38. ing information available e Model Number e Serial Number e Voltage e Complete description of the problem 2 Introduction Introduction The Kaye CTR 80 is an ultra low temp bath useful in temperature calibration and other applications requiring stable temperatures An innovative state of the art solid state temperature controller has been incorporated which maintains the bath temperature with extreme stability The temperature controller uses a mi cro controller to execute the many operating functions The user interface is provided by the 8 digit LED display and four key switches Digital remote communications is available with an RS 232 interface The CTR 80 was designed to be compact and low cost without compromising performance The CTR 80 operates over a wide temperature range from 80 to 30 C and 50 C 100 C 3 1 3 2 3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions Specifications and Environmental Conditions Specifications Range 80 C to 100 C 112 F to 212 F Ambient Operating Range 15 C to 25 C 59 F to 77 F Stability 0 006 C at 80 C ethanol 0 010 C at 0 C ethanol 0 010 C at 100 C oil Uniformity 0 008 C at 80 C ethanol 0 012 C at 0 C ethanol 0 012 C at 100 C oil Set Point Accuracy 0 5 Set Point Repeatability 0 01 C Resolution 0 01 Access Opening 3 25 x 4 5 86 x 114 mm Immersion Depth 7 180 mm m
39. lation lMPORTANT Do Not Over Tighten Follow the installation instructions above Filling With Fluid The CTR 80 Bath is not provided with a fluid Depending on the desired tem perature range any of the following fluids as well as others may be used in the bath e Water e Ethanol Ethyl Alcohol e Ethylene glycol water e Mineral oil e Silicone oil Halocarbon 0 8 Fluids are discussed in detail in Section 8 1 Remove any access hole cover from the bath and check the tank for foreign matter dirt remnant packing material etc Fill the bath with clean unpolluted fluid Fill the bath carefully through the large square access hole to a level that will allow for stirring and thermal ex pansion DO NOT turn on the bath without fluid in the tank The fluid should never exceed a height of 1 2 below the top of the tank or be less than 2 inches 5 4 5 Installation below the top Carefully monitor the bath fluid level as the bath temperature rises to prevent overflow or splashing Cautiously remove excess hot fluid if necessary Power With the bath power switch off plug the bath into an AC mains outlet of the appropriate voltage frequency and current capacity See Section 3 1 Specifica tions for power details Refer to and read the CAUTION at the front of this manual concerning brownout and over voltage protection 6 1 6 2 6 Bath Use Bath Use A Caution READ this section BEFORE PLACING THE BATH IN SERVICE
40. lean soft cloth or paper towel before inserting it into another bath This prevents the mixing of fluids from one bath to another Always be sure that the probe is completely dry before inserting it into a hot fluid Some of the high temperature fluids react violently to water or other liquid mediums Be aware that cleaning the probe can be dangerous if the probe has not cooled to room temperature For optimum accuracy and stability allow the bath adequate stabilization time after reaching the set point temperature Comparison Calibration Comparison calibration involves testing a probe unit under test UUT against reference probe After inserting the probes to be calibrated into the bath al low sufficient time for the probes to settle and the temperature of the bath to stabilize One of the significant dividends of using a bath rather than a dry well to cali brate multiple probes is that the probes do not need to be identical in construc 2 6 Bath Use 6 3 tion The fluid in the bath allows different types of probes to be calibrated at the same time However stem effect from different types of probes is not to tally eliminated Even though all baths have horizontal and vertical gradients these gradients are minimized inside the bath work area Nevertheless probes should be inserted to the same depth in the bath liquid Be sure that all probes are inserted deep enough to prevent stem effect We suggest a general rule of thum
41. least every month for the first year and regularly thereafter This fluid check provides a baseline for knowledge of bath operation with clean usable fluid Once some fluids have become compromised the break down can occur rapidly Particular attention should be paid to the viscosity of the fluid A significant change in the viscosity can indicate that the fluid is contaminated being used out side of its temperature limits contains ice particles or is close to a chemi cal break down Once data has been gathered a specific maintenance schedule can be outline for the instrument Refer to the General Operation section Section 8 for more information about the different types of flu ids used in calibration baths e Ifa hazardous material is spilt on or inside the equipment the user is re sponsible for taking the appropriate decontamination steps as out lined by the national safety council with respect to the material MSDS sheets ap plicable to all fluids used in the baths should be kept in close proximity to the instrument e Ifthe mains supply cord becomes damaged replace it with a cord with the appropriate gauge wire for the current of the bath If there are any questions call GE Kaye Instruments Customer Service for more informa tion e Before using any cleaning or decontamination method except those rec ommended by Kaye users should check with GE Kaye Instruments Cus 55 12 Maintenance tomer Service to be sure that the pr
42. ling setting co ol cool ON or OFF cool ON Set cooling setting co ol co on ON or OFF Serial Interface Menu Read serial sample setting sa mple sa sa 9 sa 1 Set serial sampling setting sa mple n sa 0 0 to 999 seconds Set serial duplex mode du plex f ull h alf FULL or HALF Set serial duplex mode to full du plex f ull Set serial duplex mode to half du plex h alf du h 10 Digital Communication Interface Controller Communications Commands continued Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values Set serial linefeed mode If eed on of f ON or OFF Set serial linefeed mode to on If eed on lf on Set serial linefeed mode to off If eed of f If of Calibration Menu Read RO calibration parameter r 0 r r0 999 999 r0 100 578 Set RO calibration parameterto r 0 n r 100 324 90 to 110 Read ALPHA calibration parameter al pha al al 9 9999999 al 0 0038573 Set ALPHA calibration parameter al pha n al 0 0038433 002 to 005 to n Read DELTA calibration parameter de lta de de 9 99999 de 1 507 Set DELTA calibration parameter de lta n de 1 3742 0 3 0 Read BETA calibration parameter be ta be be 99 999 03427 Set BETA calibration parameter be 0 342 20 to 20 Functions not on menu Read firmware version number ver sion ver ver 9999 9 99 ver
43. low at least six inches around the bath for air circulation The top surface of the bath may become hot at high temperatures Beware of the danger of accidental fluid spills A fume hood should be used to remove any vapors given off by hot bath fluid Dry out Period Before initial use after transport and any time the instrument has not been en ergized for more than 10 days the bath will need to be energized for a dry out period of 1 2 hours before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety requirements of the IEC 1010 1 Bath Preparation and Filling A Caution Before filling the tank with fluid the drain valve must be installed onto the pipe fitting at the back of the bath Drain Valve Installation Instructions The drain valve attaches to the swage fitting located on the lower backside of the bath See Figure 1 1 Place the valve onto the drain fitting and hand tighten in place by turn ing the hex nut attached to the bath counter clockwise while holding the valve stationary 2 Using open end wrenches hold the valve in place and tighten the hex nub one quarter turn from the hand tightened position above The valve should be secured in place at this point If not repeat step number 2 being careful not to over tighten the assembly 5 Installation 5 3 2 Ensure the valve handle is in the closed position before attempting to add fluid to the tank Je of bath Figure 1 Drain Valve Instal
44. menu hold EXIT To continue on to the propor tional band setting function press EXIT momentarily or SET Proportional Band In a proportional controller such as this the heater output power is proportional to the well temperature over a limited range of temperatures around the set point This range of temperature is called the proportional band At the bot tom of the proportional band the heater output is 100 At the top of the pro portional band the heater output is 0 Thus as the temperature rises the heater power is reduced which consequently tends to lower the temperature back 9 Controller Operation down In this way the temperature is maintained at a fairly constant temperature The temperature stability of the bath and response time depend on the width of the proportional band If the band is too wide the temperature will deviate ex cessively from the set point due to varying external conditions This is because the power output changes very little with temperature and the controller cannot respond very well to changing conditions or noise in the system If the propor tional band is too narrow the temperature may swing back and forth because the controller overreacts to temperature variations For best control stability the proportional band must be set for the optimum width This value is usually two to three times the largest value at which the bath temperature oscillates The proportional band width is set at t
45. mineral oil is quite viscous and control may be poor At higher temperatures vapor emission becomes significant The vapors may be dangerous and use of a fume hood is highly recommended As with most oils mineral oil will expand as temperature increases so be careful not to fill the bath too full that it over flows when heated The viscosity and thermal characteristics of mineral oil is poorer than water so temperature stability will not be as good Mineral oil has very low electrical conductivity Use caution with mineral oil since it is flam mable and may also cause serious injury if inhaled or ingested Silicone Oil Dow Corning 200 05 200 10 200 20 Silicone oils are available which offer a much wider operating temperature range than mineral oil Like most oils silicone oils have temperature control characteristics which are somewhat poorer than water The viscosity changes significantly with temperature and thermal expansion also occurs These oils have very high electrical resistivity Silicone oils are fairly safe and non toxic Silicone oils are fairly expensive Halocarbon 0 8 Halocarbon 0 8 is a low temperature fluid with a wide temperature range It may be used as low as 90 to 100 C before viscosity be comes too great It may be used as high as 70 C before evaporation be comes excessive Halocarbon does not absorb water and will therefore form ice at temperatures below 0 C Ice crystals turn the fluid into a slush which ef
46. must be used if hazardous or bothersome va pors are produced Warning Fluids at high temperatures may pose danger from BURNS FIRE and TOXIC FUMES Use appropriate caution and safety equip ment Fluids may be flammable and require special fire safety equipment and proce dures An important characteristic of the fluid to consider is the flash point The 8 1 9 8 1 10 8 1 10 1 8 1 10 2 8 General Operation flash point is the temperature at which there is sufficient vapor given off so that when there is sufficient oxygen present and a ignition source is applied the va por will ignite This does not necessarily mean that fire will be sustained at the flash point The flash point may be either of the open cup or closed cup type Either condition may occur in a bath situation The closed cup temperature is always the lower of the two The closed cup represents the contained vapors in side the tank and the open cup represents the vapors escaping the tank Oxygen and an ignition source will be less available inside the tank The cutout should be set to meet the temperature limits of the selected fluid Environmentally hazardous fluids require special disposal according to applica ble federal or local laws after use Cost Cost of bath fluids may vary greatly from cents per gallon for water to hun dreds of dollars per gallon for synthetic oils Cost may be an important consid eration when choosing a fluid Commonly Used Flui
47. n This bath needs to be plugged into the line voltage for at least 2 minutes before operation This is only necessary for the first time that the bath is energized or when it is moved from one location to another Turning the bath ON or OFF does not trigger the delay If a High Low voltage condition exists for longer than 5 seconds the bath de energizes An amber indicator on the back panel lights when this con dition exists Re energization is automatic upon correction of the fault condition and af ter a delay cycle of about 2 minutes If a fault condition exists upon appli cation of power the bath will not energize Under and Over Voltage Protection at 115 VAC Voltage Cutout 12 5 101 129 VAC Voltage Cut In 7 5 106 124 VAC Under and Over Voltage Protection at 230 VAC Voltage Cutout 12 5 203 257 VAC 1 Before You Start 1 3 Voltage Cut In 7 5 213 247 VAC Customer Service Information Kaye Instruments can be contacted by writing to World Headquarters GE Kaye Instruments Inc 101 Billerica Avenue Building 7 North Billerica MA 01862 tel 1 978 262 0005 fax 1 978 439 8181 e mail kaye ge com European Headquarters GE Kaye Europe GmbH Sinsheimer Strasse 6 D 75179 Pforzheim Germany tel 49 0 7231 14335 0 fax 49 0 7231 14335 29 e mail info kaye europe com service kaye europe com When contacting Kaye Instruments Customer Service please have the follow
48. naan wo YU main ff PEN DN pr Tui Annn reer aqoid EM oni eos dtm A LI ws PKR su BERBE 5 MEL og oL E Ex fejoy Nid mano 3 901 Nid 894 SOTWNY E D REIN ara Vzocoos said TUO dans T RAN l T ov eese 20951093 dopeuisqoideupupeppv V TN Aa 5 un ber Wo yY ov SNOISIA3H A v Figure 6 Wiring Diagram
49. nductivity distribute heat more quickly and evenly improving bath performance Thermal Expansion Thermal expansion describes how the volume of the fluid changes with temper ature Thermal expansion of the fluid used must be considered since the in crease in fluid volume as the bath temperature changes may cause overflow Excessive thermal expansion may also be undesirable in applications where constant liquid level is important Many fluids including oils have significant thermal expansion Electrical Resistivity Electrical resistivity describes how well the fluid insulates against the flow of electric current In some applications such as measuring the resistance of bare temperature sensors it may be important that little or no electrical leakage oc cur through the fluid In such conditions choose a fluid with very high resistivity Fluid Lifetime Many fluids degrade over time because of evaporation water absorption gel ling or chemical breakdown Often the degradation becomes significant near the upper temperature limit of the fluid substantially reducing the fluid s lifetime Safety When choosing a fluid always consider the safety issues associated Obviously where there are conditions of extreme hot or cold there can be danger to people and equipment Fluids may also be hazardous for other reasons Some fluids may be considered toxic Contact with eyes skin or inhalation of vapors may cause injury A proper fume hood
50. nto a mains outlet of the proper voltage frequency and current capability See Section 3 1 Specifications for power details Refer to and read the CAUTION at the front of this manual concerning brownout and over voltage protection Turn the bath on using the front panel POWER switch The bath will turn on and begin to heat or cool to reach the previously programmed temperature set point The front panel LED display will indicate the actual bath tempera ture Set the cooling switch to OFF for temperatures above approximately 50 C Set the switch to ON for lower temperatures When the cooling switch has been turned on the first stage compressor will power up The second stage will come on automatically when proper conditions are met This will take 2 to 4 minutes Cooling in the bath will not begin until the second stage starts Setting the Temperature In the following discussion and throughout this manual a solid box around the word SET UP DOWN or EXIT indicates the panel button to press while the dotted box indicates the display reading on the front panel Explanation of the button function or display reading is written at the right To view or set the bath temperature set point proceed as follows The front panel LED display normally shows the actual bath temperature 24 68 C Bath temperature display 4 Quick Start When SET is pressed the display shows the set point memory that is cur rently being used an
51. ompany s pol icy Following is the recommended procedure for calibrating this instrument Calibration Equipment Calibration requires a standard thermometer that is adequately accurate and fits properly into one of the reference holes in the block Recommended equipment includes a laboratory grade PRT with a length of 30 to 300 mm 9 to 12 inches and a diameter of 4 76 or 6 35 mm 3 16 or 1 4 inches The combined accu racy of the PRT and the readout which used to display the temperature should be 0 025 C or better Calibration The accuracy of the instrument over the full range is determined by the values of the calibration parameters RO ALPHA DELTA and BETA The calibration procedure involves measuring the error between the instrument and the refer ence thermometer at several temperature throughout the range and adjusting the calibration parameters as necessary to reduce the errors to within acceptable limits The stated accuracy of the instrument can be found in the specification table in Section 3 1 Because of the way the calibration parameters affect the temperature the simplest way to proceed is to measure the errors at 0 C 100 C 50 C and 70 and adjust RO ALPHA DELTA and BETA at each point re spectively Be aware that you must use the appropriate fluid at each tempera ture Follow these steps e Setthe set point to O C and allow adequate time for the bath to reach this temperature and stabilize Adjust the RO cali
52. oposed method will not damage the equipment The condensing coil should be cleaned regularly Inspect the coil through the vented rear panel If any dust or dirt accumulation is visible remove the rear panel to clean out the dust or dirt Use a vacuum with a brush to remove the dirt Do not use compressed air as it might drive the dirt be tween the fins where it may become lodged preventing airflow If the instrument is used in a manner not in accordance with the equip ment design the operation of the bath may be impaired or safety hazards may arise 13 13 1 13 Trouble Shooting Trouble Shooting If problems arise while operating the CTR 80 this section provides some sug gestions that may help you solve the problem A wiring diagram is also included Troubleshooting Below are several situations that may arise followed by suggested actions to take for fixing the problem Incorrect Temperature Reading e Power the unit on and watch the display If the first number displayed is less than 0005 the unit has been re initialized The unit needs to be reprogrammed for RO ALPHA DELTA and BETA These numbers can be found on the Report of Calibration that was shipped with the unit The unit heats slowly e Check the Scan and Scan Rate settings The Scan may be on with the Scan Rate set low If the display flashes any of the following err 1 This error means there is a RAM error err 2 This error means
53. oured and mixed Viscosity affects the temperature stability of the bath With low vis cosity fluid mixing is better which creates a more uniform temperature throughout the bath This improves the bath response time which allows it to maintain a more constant temperature For good control the viscosity should be less than ten centistokes Twenty centistokes is about the upper limit of allow able viscosity Viscosities greater than this cause very poor control stability and may also overheat or damage the stirring motor With oils viscosity may vary greatly with temperature When using fluids with higher viscosities the controller proportional band may need to be increased to compensate for the reduced response time see Sec tion9 6 Otherwise the temperature may begin to oscillate Specific Heat Specific heat is the measure of the heat storage ability of the fluid Specific heat to a small degree affects the control stability It also affects the heating and cooling rates Generally a lower specific heat means quicker heating and cooling The proportional band may require some adjustment depending on the specific heat of the fluid 8 General Operation 8 1 4 8 1 5 8 1 6 8 1 7 8 1 8 Thermal Conductivity Thermal conductivity measures how easily heat flows through the fluid Ther mal conductivity of the fluid affects the control stability temperature unifor mity and probe temperature settling time Fluids with higher co
54. ow the installation instructions 18 CTR 80 Control Panel eee 23 Panel rs Sep Bie aie wd ard eda us 25 Controller Operation Flowchart ooann ee 36 Serial Cable Wiring eee 48 Wiring Didgr im 222 333 99 59 Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 3 International Electrical 5 1 Table of Various Bath Fluids 31 Controller Communications 50 Controller Communications Commands continued 1 Before You Start Before You Start Symbols Used Table 1 lists the International Electrical Symbols Some or all of these symbols may be used on the instrument or in this manual Table 1 International Electrical Symbols Symbol Description AC Alternating Current No AC DC Battery A MAN O gt gt i eo Complies with European Union directives DC Double Insulated Electric Shock Fuse PE Ground Hot Surface Burn Hazard Read the User s Manual Important Information Off On 1 Before You Start 1 2 1 2 1 Symbol Description Canadian Standards Association Us SAri OVERVOLTAGE Installation CATEGORY II Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010 1 refers to the level of Impulse Withstand Voltage protection provided Equipment of OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY II is energy consuming
55. r Operation This section discusses in detail how to operate the bath temperature controller using the front control panel Using the front panel key switches and LED dis play the user may monitor the bath temperature set the temperature set point in degrees C or F monitor the heater output power adjust the controller propor tional band and program the calibration parameters operating parameters and serial interface configuration Operation of the functions and parameters are shown in the flowchart in Figure 4 on page 36 This chart may be copied for reference In the following discussion a button with the word SET UP EXIT or DOWN inside indicates the panel button while the dotted box indicates the display reading Explanation of the button or display reading are to the right of each button or display value Bath Temperature The digital LED display on the front panel allows direct viewing of the actual bath temperature This temperature value is what is normally shown on the dis play The units C or F of the temperature value are displayed at the right For example 10 002 Bath temperature in degrees Celsius The temperature display function may be accessed from any other function by pressing the EXIT button Temperature Set point The temperature set point can be set to any value within the range and resolu tion as given in the specifications Be careful not to exceed the safe temperature limits of any devices insert
56. r after storage in humid or semi hu mid environments or anytime the instrument has not been energized for more than 10 days the instrument needs to be energized for a dry out period of 2 hours before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety re quirements of the IEC 1010 1 If the product is wet or has been in a wet environment take necessary measures to remove moisture prior to apply ing power such as storage in a low humidity temperature chamber operat ing at 50 degree centigrade for 4 hours or more e DO NOT operate high temperature baths 500 C near flammable materi als Extreme temperatures could ignite the flammable material Overhead clearance is required Do not place the instrument under cabi net or other structure Always leave enough clearance to allow for safe and easy insertion and removal of probes e The instrument is intended for indoor use only BURN HAZARD e Extremely cold temperatures may be present in this equipment Freezer burns and frostbite may result if personnel fail to observe safety precau tions e High temperatures may be present in this equipment Fires and severe burns may result if personnel fail to observe safety precautions ELECTRICAL HAZARD e These guidelines must be followed to ensure that the safety mechanisms in this instrument will operate properly This instrument must be plugged into a 115 VAC 60Hz 230 VAC 50Hz optional AC only electric outlet The power cord of the in
57. roportional integral derivative PID algo rithm to determine how much heat the bath needs The bath is heated by a solid state relay SSR controlled 500W heater 8 General Operation The bath is operable within the temperature range given in the specifications For protection against solid state relay failure or other circuit failure a thermo couple cutout automatically turns off the heater anytime the bath temperature exceeds the maximum temperature The controller allows the operator to set the bath temperature with high resolu tion adjust the proportional band monitor the heater output power and pro gram the controller configuration and calibration parameters The controller may be operated in temperature units of degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit The controller is operated and programmed from the front control panel using the four key switches and digital LED display The controller is equipped with a serial RS 232 digital interface for remote operation Operation of the controller using the front control panel is discussed following in Section 9 Operation us ing the digital interfaces is discussed in Section 10 When the controller is set to a new set point the bath heats or cools to the new temperature Once the new temperature is reached the bath usually takes 15 20 minutes for the temperature to settle and stabilize There may be a small amount of overshoot or undershoot 9 1 9 2 9 2 1 9 Controller Operation Controlle
58. s e An insulated access hole cover is provided and should be used to cover the access opening in the top of the bath This improves bath temperature stability prevents excess fluid evaporation or fumes and increases safety with hot fluid The user may drill or cut holes in the cover to accommo date the instruments to be calibrated or immersed in the bath Spare cov ers are available from GE Kaye Instruments An optional access cover which provides locations for two reference thermometers and three wells for units under test is available 7 3 Back Panel On the back of the bath are 1 the system fuses 2 the non removable power cord 3 the drain valve 4 the RS 232 interface connector and 5 removable vent panel 7 Parts and Controls i DRAIN Figure 3 Back Panel 1 The system fuses are 20 amp SB 250V for 115 VAC operation and 10 amp ST 250 V for 230 VAC operation 2 The power cord is rated at 115 VAC 20 amps 230 VAC 10 amps op tional 3 Adrain plug is provided for ease of removing the fluid media from the bath Always use a container of adequate size to hold the FULL LOAD of fluid Some oils are more easily drained at higher temperatures A Caution Do not exceed a 100 C fluid temperature for draining The valve could be damaged if 100 C is exceeded Insulate the container from the floor and other objects 4 The serial RS 232 interface attaches to the back of the b
59. s measured with the standard thermometer match the set point The approximate ratio between a change in BETA and a change in temperature at 70 C is about 1 0 to 1 For example if the bath temperature is high by 0 1 C at 70 C then in crease BETA by 0 1 12 Maintenance 12 Maintenance e The calibration instrument has been designed with the utmost care Ease of operation and simplicity of maintenance have been a central theme in the product development Therefore with proper care the instrument should require very little maintenance Avoid operating the instrument in dirty or dusty environments e If the outside of the bath becomes soiled it may be wiped clean with a damp cloth and mild detergent Do not use harsh chemicals on the surface which may damage the paint e Periodically check the fluid level in the bath to ensure that the level has not dropped A drop in the fluid level affects the stability of the bath Changes in fluid level are dependent upon several factors specific to the environment in which the equipment is used A schedule cannot be out lined to meet each environmental setting Therefore the first year the bath should be checked weekly with notes kept as to changes in bath fluid Af ter the first year the user can set up a maintenance schedule based on the data specific to the application e Heat transfer medium lifetime is dependent upon the type of medium and the environment The fluid should be checked at
60. stics of the application As a guideline the soft cutout should be set 10 C to 15 C below the flash point of the bath fluid See Section Heat Transfer Fluid for specific information on bath fluids and Section Cutout 1 2 2 A Cautions THE DRAIN VALVE MUST BE INSTALLED ON THE BACK OF THE BATH BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO FILL THE TANK WITH FLUID See Section 5 3 page 17 for drain installation instructions Always operate this instrument at room temperature between 41 F and 122 F 5 C to 50 C Allow sufficient air circulation by leaving at least 6 inches 15 cm of clearance around the instrument DO NOT overfill the bath Overflowing liquid may damage the electrical system Be sure to allow for thermal expansion of the fluid as the bath temperature increases See Section 5 3 Bath Preparation and Filling for specific instructions DO NOT change the values of the bath calibration constants from the fac tory set values The correct setting of these parameters is important to the safety and proper operation of the unit The refrigeration may be damaged or the lifetime shortened if the set point temperature is set above 60 C for more than one hour with the refrigeration manually on Ensure that the refrigeration is off when the unit is used above 60 C The Factory Reset Sequence should be performed only by authorized personnel if no other action is successful in correcting a malfunction You must have a copy of the most recent Report
61. stru ment serial communications may be programmed to 300 600 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 baud The baud rate is pre programmed to 2400 baud Use UP or DOWN to change the baud rate value Press SET to set the baud rate to the new value or EXIT to abort the operation and skip to the next parameter in the menu 10 1 2 2 10 1 2 3 10 1 2 4 10 1 3 10 2 10 Digital Communication Interface Sample Period The sample period is the next parameter in the menu and prompted with 5PEr The sample period is the time period in seconds between temperature measurements transmitted from the serial interface If the sample rate is set to 5 the instrument transmits the current measurement over the serial interface ap proximately every five seconds The automatic sampling is disabled with a sample period of 0 Press SET to choose to set the sample period Adjust the period with UP or DOWN and then use SET to set the sample rate to the displayed value Duplex Mode The next parameter is the duplex mode indicated with d U P L The duplex mode may be set to half duplex HALF or full duplex FULL With full duplex any commands received by the thermometer via the serial interface are immediately echoed or transmitted back to the device of origin With half du plex the commands are executed but not echoed The default setting is half du plex The mode may be changed using UP or DOWN
62. strument is equipped with a three pronged grounding plug for your protection against electrical shock hazards It must be plugged directly into a properly grounded three prong receptacle The receptacle must be installed in accordance with local codes and ordi nances Consult a qualified electrician DO NOT use an extension cord or adapter plug e DO use a ground fault interrupt device This unit contains a liquid A ground fault device is advised in case liquid is present in the electrical system and could cause an electrical shock e Always replace the power cord with an approved cord of the correct rat ing and type If you have questions contact Kaye Customer Service 1 Before You Start High voltage is used in the operation of this equipment Severe injury or death may result if personnel fail to observe the safety precautions Before working inside the equipment turn off the power and disconnect the power cord BATH FLUIDS Fluids used in this unit may produce noxious or toxic fumes under certain circumstances Consult the fluid manufacturer s MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet Proper ventilation and safety precautions must be observed The instrument is equipped with a soft cutout user settable firmware and a hard cutout set at the factory Check the flash point boiling point or other fluid characteristic applicable to the circumstances of the unit opera tion Ensure that the soft cutout is adjusted to the fluid characteri
63. there isa NVRAM error err 3 This error means there is a RAM error err 4 This error means there is an ADC set up error err 5 This error means there is an ADC ready error err 6 This error means there is SENSOR error err 7 This error means there is a HtrCTL error e Cycle the power off and on again If the unit repeats the error code con tact GE Kaye Instruments Customer Support for a return authorization and for assistance The bath does not turn on e Ifa fault condition exists upon application of power the bath will not en ergize e This bath needs to be plugged into the line voltage for at least 2 minutes before turning power on This is only necessary for the first time that the bath is energized or when it is moved from one location to another 13 Trouble Shooting e Ifa High Low voltage condition exists for longer than 5 seconds the compressor will be de energized The controller display will flash Lo LinE o and off while the condition exists e Re energization is automatic upon correction of the fault condition and af ter a delay cycle of about 2 minutes High and Low Voltage Protection at 115 VAC Voltage Cutout 12 5 101 129 VAC Voltage Cut In 7 5 96 106 124 VAC High and Low Voltage Protection at 230 VAC Voltage Cutout 12 5 203 257 VAC Voltage Cut In 7 5 213 247 VAC e See the Caution in the front of this manual for additional information 13 2
64. tout resets and al lows normal operation The cutout set point may be accessed within the secondary menu Press SET and EXIT to enter the secondary menu and show the heater power Then press SET twice to access the cutout set point fr Access heater power in secondary menu 18 0 P Heater power in percent CO 80C To accept the new cutout set point press SET SET Accept cutout set point The next function is the configuration menu Press EXIT to resume display ing the temperature 9 Controller Operation 9 8 Controller Configuration The controller has a number of configuration and operating options and calibra tion parameters which are programmable via the front panel These are ac cessed from the secondary menu after the proportional band function by pressing SET Pressing SET again enters the first of three sets of configu ration parameters operating parameters serial interface parameters and cali bration parameters The menus are selected using the UP and DOWN keys and then pressing SET See Figure 4 on page 36 9 9 Operating Parameters The operating parameters menu is indicated by Operating parameters menu The operating parameters menu contains the High Limit Stir Speed and Cool ing parameters 9 9 1 High Limit The High Limit Parameter adjusts the upper set point temperature The factory default and maximum temperature are set to 100 C
65. uently a customer 3 3 4 3 3 5 3 3 6 3 3 7 3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions installed exchange part will solve the problem with minimal inconvenience and expense Factory repairs can frequently be completed on a fixed price basis A base ser vice fee plus labor and materials will be charged in lieu of the fixed repair price upon customer request or if extensive repairs are required Customers are requested to obtain a return authorization number prior to re turning any instrument for service All instruments serviced at the factory will be repaired updated calibrated and completely tested prior to shipment Equipment Maintenance Agreements An optional Equipment Maintenance Agreement provides an annual preventive maintenance visit with certified recalibration plus replacement parts through out the year Contact the Customer Service Department at 800 964 5293 for details and prices European customers contact the Customer Service Depart ment at 49 0 7231 14335 0 Customer Support Within 90 days of shipment from the factory installation and initial configura tion assistance will be provided by a Customer Service Representative via phone or FAX at no charge After 90 days from shipment technical assistance or consultation will be lim ited to identification and resolution of instrument failures unless a Customer Support Agreement has been purchased Customer Support Agreement An optional
66. uke hi pede Rope d hec ub Game eM 27 8 1 4 Thermal RR REO e 28 8 1 5 Thermal Expansi ec ne deter Ree die on eto tah rt 28 8 1 6 Electrical Resistivity RR I ee 28 8 7 aed Ca eA RE 28 BNG SOENE deus S 28 REC M E 29 8 1 10 Commonly Used Fluids Ee per Rd Res 29 8 110 Water Distilled i siaa actore eren Oe EFE DEM 29 8 1022 Ethanol Mi eed dac ee 29 8 1 10 3 Mineral 4 1 rer deque em Ie ee 30 8 1 10 4 Silicone Oil Dow Corning 200 05 200 10 200 20 30 8 1 10 5 Halocarbonm 08 oor dee Gadde Sd 30 8 1 11 Fluid Characteristics Table 30 8 1 11 1 Limitations and Disclaimer 2 2 eee 31 TID 0 TE 32 POWER scp ce E N tC DE RUE wee 32 dj ad Sed ALAA Qala 32 Refrigeration eee 3 32 Operation oa cte sce tare wane e 33 8 5 2 Important Refrigerant Information llli 33 Temperature Controller eee 33 9 35 9 1 9 2 Bath Temperature 5 35 TemperatureSet point 22e 35 92 Programmable Setspoinis i
67. value of this pa rameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy 10 10 1 10 Digital Communication Interface Digital Communication Interface The CTR 80 Bath calibrator is capable of communicating with and being con trolled by other equipment through the digital serial interface With a digital interface the instrument may be connected to a computer or other equipment This allows the user to set the set point temperature monitor the temperature and access any of the other controller functions all using remote communications equipment Communications commands are summarized in Table 3 on page 50 Serial Communications The bath is installed with an RS 232 serial interface that allows serial digital communications over fairly long distances With the serial interface the user may access any of the functions parameters and settings discussed in Section 9 with the exception of the baud rate setting 10 Digital Communication Interface 10 1 1 10 1 2 10 1 2 1 Wiring The serial communications ca RS 232 Cable Wiring for ble attaches to the calibrator E through the DB 9 connector at IBM PC and Compatibles the back of the instrument Fig ure 5 shows the pin out of this Instrument Computer DTE connector and suggested cable mid ponia wiring To eliminate noise the DB 9 Pin DB 9 Pin serial cable should be shielded INC 5 0 2RxD 2 RxD with low resistan
68. warranty period provided they are returned to our facility in Billerica Massachusetts European warranty returns are sent to Pforzheim Germany Repairs necessitated by misuse of this product are not covered by this warranty No other warranties are expressed or implied includ ing but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose GE Kaye Instruments Inc is not liable for consequential damages In Warranty Repairs Customers are requested to discuss their problem with a Kaye Service Repre sentative to insure a prompt and accurate assessment of their needs Frequently a problem can be resolved via phone or FAX with minimal inconvenience or delay If necessary the Customer Service Representative will send replacement parts or authorize the return of the instrument to the factory for repair Instruments serviced in this manner will be repaired completely tested and calibrated prior to shipment When an instrument is returned to the factory the customer must prepay the freight charges Kaye will prepay freight charges for the instrument s return via a comparable shipment method If Field Service is required under the warranty the customer is responsible for travel and living expenses incurred by the Field Service Representative After Warranty Repairs Customers are requested to discuss their problem with a Kaye Service Repre sentative to insure a prompt assessment of their needs Freq

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