Fluke 9140 User's Manual
Contents
1. Display gt uP Temperature Switch Hold Display Mode DOWN SET Y gt SET DOWN EXIT Select Setpoint Toggles Display of R SET Y ser uP lt EXIT HA Adjust Setpoint I Toggles C F SET Y Secondary Functions e EXIT Units C F y I SET gt set EXIT Y e EXIT Scan On Off Y I lt EXIT Display Power SET I Y SET la EXIT Scan Rate y lt EXIT SetProportional Band A SET EXIT I y Configuration Menu SET EXIT EXIT EXIT uP Serial Interface Menu Operating up gt lt DOWN Parameters DOWN Menu SET a A t gt lt a BAUD Rate Y A a EXIT SET EXIT Adj RO Adjust BAUD Rate SET EXIT SET EXIT Sample lt ALPHA lt Period SET EXIT SET EXIT Adj ALPHA Adj Sample i SET EXIT SET EXIT DELTA puplex SET EXIT gt SET EXIT Adj Duplex Adj DELTA Mode SET EXIT SET EXIT y Linefeed Je SE2. e 15 5 3 2 Probe Sleeves and Tongs us aaa as aa AR AA RR 15 6 General Operation o 17 6 1 Calibrator Set Up 2 264565 sa o sn ocres 17 6 2 Changing Display Units 00 0 17 6 3 Switching to 230 V Operati0M s ss a e o 17 6 4 Setting the Temperature o 18 6 35 Calibrating Probes soosse e ca ai aa a essa 18 7 Controller Operation 21 TA Well Temperature sacre mesa ame ahaa a 0004 21 ij 1 2 7 3 7 4 Lo 7 6 17 7 8 Temperature Set pOMt ss so se o aeii pe nae 21 T2 Programmable Set points o oo 21 7 2 2 Set point Valle mos cs aa ata We dr ta as 23 71 23 Temperature Scale Units n eas eai a eee 23 DCAM a sxe ca nie act ee BS Sw Ge ot ee ke ani sar a ag 24 Raal SCAN CONTO a cs a a ee cee eee e Pee a ra ee ee ee 24 732 SCAMRAE a hase Outs e Ba e o te Matias er Sete es ee ae 24 Temperature Display Hold o o o 25 TAA Hold Temperature Display s a macta aieea aai e o eee 25 7 42 Mode Seting es es Bi rr da odia a 25 7 4 3 Switch WIDE 0 sa aie kid ge Boa et Aa aes Ba Ge he iaa da 25 TAA Switch Test Example g sci s a a e Sw ee ee ee 26 Secondary Menus s pe a iee aaa Se a Bd 26 KL Heater POWEL vo sadia e ae a cat A e a we a 26 TZ Proportional Bandas sui ecc a cdo a 27 Controller Configuration o o e 29 7 6 1 Calibration Parameters 3 4 e n e o d e E wk
3. Hart Scientific 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide Rev 5B1702 Fluke Corporation Hart Scientific Division 799 E Utah Valley Drive e American Fork UT 84003 9775 USA Phone 1 801 763 1600 Telefax 1 801 763 1010 E mail support hartscientific com www hartscientific com Subject to change without notice e Copyright 2005 Printed in USA Rev 5B1702 Table of Contents 1 Before You Start o 1 1 1 Symbols Used s pre ate race ES 1 1 2 Safety Information o oo 2 1 2 1 WARNINGS c e race dada a ae a A Hee ea See ey oe Ae E 2 1 2 2 CAUTIONS o s cece a diced a atea dt 4 1 3 Authorized Service Centers a esor caead a eae a a 5 2 Introduction 7 3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions 9 3 1 Specifications obs est ee ee aS 9 3 2 Environmental Conditions 0 00084 9 33 WAITED ss wr ne ke Ae Pee RE Be eb 10 a Quick Start gt arco aa wl 4 1 Wnpackimg 5 s ca e a eS he Gee Ow aR be be Se ee a SS 11 42 S lUpeodueieek es oh AA A os 11 43 POWEL yan toeea e Some Se a ee Be ee AA 11 4 4 Setting the Temperature 0 12 5 Parts and Controls 13 ill RearP el 2 224246 40453 ido a 50645448 13 Sa Front Pad l iii a da we a a de es 14 5 3 Constant Temperature Block Assembly 15 5 3 1 Constant Temperature Block o ces as e o ooo
4. The correct setting of these parameters is important to the safety and proper operation of the instrument The calibration parameters menu is indicated by CAL Calibration parameters menu Press SET five times to enter the menu The calibration parameters menu contains the parameters R ALPHA and DELTA which characterize the re sistance temperature relationship of the platinum control sensor These parame ters may be adjusted to improve the accuracy of the calibrator This procedure is explained in detail in Section 10 Calibration Procedure The calibration parameters are accessed by pressing SET after the name of the parameter is displayed The value of the parameter may be changed using the UP and DOWN buttons After the desired value is reached press SET to set the parameter to the new value Pressing EXIT causes the parameter to be skipped ignoring any changes that may have been made RO This probe parameter refers to the resistance of the control probe at 0 C The value of this parameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy 29 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 7 6 1 2 ALPHA This probe parameter refers to the average sensitivity of the probe between 0 and 100 C The value of this parameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy 7 6 1 3 DELTA 30 7 7 7 8 7 8 0 1 This probe parameter characterizes the curvature of the resistance te
5. ing and type HIGH VOLTAGE is used in the operation of this equipment SEVERE INJURY or DEATH may result if personnel fail to observe safety precau tions Before working inside the equipment turn power off and discon nect power cord 1 2 2 A CAUTIONS Always operate this instrument at room temperature between 41 F and 122 F 5 C to 50 C Allow sufficient air circulation by leaving at least 6 inches 15 cm of clearance around the instrument Overhead clearance is required DO NOT place unit under any structure Component lifetime can be shortened by continuous high temperature op eration DO NOT leave the sleeve s in the instrument for prolonged periods Due to the high operating temperatures of the instrument the sleeves should be removed after each use and buffed with a Scotch Brite pad or emery cloth See Maintenance Section DO NOT apply any type of voltage to the display hold terminals Apply ing a voltage to the terminals may cause damage to the controller DO NOT use fluids to clean out the well Fluids could leak into electron ics and damage the instrument Never introduce any foreign material into the probe hole of the insert Fluids etc can leak into the instrument causing damage DO NOT change the values of the calibration constants from the factory set values The correct setting of these parameters is important to the safety and proper operation of the calibrator DO NOT slam the probe sheath in
6. is made of aluminum and provides a relatively constant and accu rate temperature environment in which the sensor that is to be calibrated is in serted A 1 25 inch diameter well is provided that may be used for sensors of that size or may be sleeved down with various sized multi hole probe sleeves Heaters surround the block assembly and provides even heat to the sensor A high temperature platinum RTD is imbedded at the base of the block assembly to sense and control the temperature of the block The entire assembly is sus pended in an air cooled chamber thermally isolated from the chassis and electronics CAUTION The block vent cover may be very hot due to the fan blowing upward Please use caution Probe Sleeves and Tongs The calibrator is supplied with a multi hole aluminum probe sleeve for inser tion into the calibrator well and tongs for removing sleeves Probe sleeves of various hole sizes are available to allow the user s probe to fit snugly into the well whatever the diameter of the probe One insert whichever is ordered is shipped with the unit e Insert A variety block 1 2 3 8 3 16 1 8 and 1 16 holes e Insert B comparison block 2 3 8 2 1 4 and 2 3 16 holes e Insert C 1 4 comparison block 6 1 4 holes or Insert B Insert C Insert D 3 16 1 4 1 4 3 mm 4 mm 3 8 6 mm 6 mm 1 4 3 16 4mm Figure 3 Inserts available for the 9140 block assembly 15
7. slowly Scan Rate set low if unit seems to be responding too slowly Improper line voltage Verify that the voltage reading in the bottom of the unit matches the source voltage Unstable display Wait Allow the instrument to stabilize for a few minutes Proportional band may be incorrect Refer to the proportional band on the Report of Calibration 49 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 50 12 2 12 2 1 12 2 2 Problem Possible Causes and Solutions The display shows an error code Controller problem The error messages signify the following problems with the controller Err t aRAMerror Er r 2 aNVRAM error Err 3 a Structure error Err 4 an ADC setup error Err 5 an ADC ready error Er r 6 a defective control sensor Err 1 a heater error Initialize the system by performing the Factory Reset Sequence describe above Temperature can not be set above a certain point Incorrect High Limit parameter The High Limit parameter may be set below 125 C Check this value as described in Section 7 7 Operating Parameters Display is reading incorrectly The instrument was turned off at high temperatures and reenergized too quickly Turn the instrument off until the display is completely off and then reenergize Display flickers when the instru ment is turned off This is normal operation and is more prevalent at high temperatures due to Seebeck Coefficient of the thermoelectric cooling dev
8. when the instrument is set at temperatures less than 50 C Use extreme care when removing hot inserts DO NOT turn off the instrument at temperatures higher than 100 C This could create a hazardous situation Select a set point less than 100 C and allow the instrument to cool before turning it off The high temperatures present in dry wells designed for operation at 300 C and higher may result in fires and severe burns if safety precau tions are not observed For compliance with IEC 1010 1 it is recommended that the cutout mode always be set to the manual mode requiring user intervention to reset the instrument 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide ELECTRICAL SHOCK These guidelines must be followed to ensure that the safety mechanisms in this instrument will operate properly This instrument must be plugged into a 115 VAC 60Hz 230 VAC 50Hz optional AC only electric outlet The power cord of the instrument is equipped with a three pronged grounding plug for your protection against electrical shock hazards It must be plugged directly into a properly grounded three prong receptacle The receptacle must be installed in accordance with local codes and ordi nances Consult a qualified electrician DO NOT use an extension cord or adapter plug If supplied with user accessible fuses always replace the fuse with one of the same rating voltage and type Always replace the power cord with an approved cord of the correct rat
9. 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide e Insert D comparison block 2 each at 3 mm 4 mm and 6 mm 16 6 General Operation Calibrator Set Up 6 1 6 2 6 3 General Operation Calibrator Set Up Place the calibrator on a flat surface with at least 6 inches of free space around the instrument Overhead clearance is required DO NOT place under a cabinet or other structure Plug the power cord into a grounded mains outlet Observe that the nominal voltage corresponds to that indicated on the back of the calibrator Gently insert the probe sleeve into the well The probe sleeve should be of the smallest hole size possible while allowing the probe to slide in and out easily Sleeves of various sizes are available from the manufacturer The well must be clear of any foreign objects dirt and grit before the sleeve is inserted The sleeve is inserted with the two small tong holes positioned upward Turn on the power to the calibrator by toggling the switch at the rear of the in strument to the I on position The fan will begin circulating air through the instrument After a brief self test the controller should begin normal operation showing the well temperature The block will heat or cool until it reaches the programmed set point Changing Display Units The 9140 can display temperature in Celsius or Fahrenheit The temperature units are shipped from the factory set to Celsius To change to Fahrenheit or back to Celsi
10. Access proportional band To accept the new setting press SET Press EXIT to continue without stor ing the new value SET Accept the new proportional band setting 7 Controller Operation Controller Configuration 7 6 7 6 1 7 6 1 1 Controller Configuration The controller has a number of configuration and operating options and calibra tion parameters which are programmable via the front panel These are ac cessed from the secondary menu after the proportional band function by pressing SET Pressing SET again enters the first of three sets of configu ration parameters calibration parameters operating parameters and serial in terface parameters The menus are selected using the UP and DOWN keys and then pressing SET Calibration Parameters The operator of the instrument controller has access to a number of the calibra tion constants namely RO ALPHA and DELTA These values are set at the factory and must not be altered The correct values are important to the accu racy and proper and safe operation of the instrument Access to these parame ters is available to the user so that in the event that the controller memory fails the user may restore these values to the factory settings The user should have a list of these constants and their settings with the instrument manual CAUTION DO NOT change the values of the instrument calibration con stants from the factory set values
11. calibrator as de scribed in the instruction manual 3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions Specifications 3 1 Specifications and Environmental Conditions Specifications The following table lists the specifications for this instrument Accuracy speci fications are applicable for a one year calibration interval In line with normal prudent metrology practices Hart Scientific recommends a short cycle interval of six months for new units during the first year Power 115 VAC 410 4 4 A or 230 VAC 10 2 2 A switchable 500 W Ambient Temperature 550 C 41 122 F Operating Range 35 350 C 95 662 F Resolution 0 1 C or F resolution Readout Switchable C or F Accuracy 0 5 C 0 9 F in holes greater than 1 4 6 35 mm accuracy is 1 C 1 8 F Stability 0 03 C at 50 C 0 05 C at 350 C Uniformity 0 4 C typical 0 1 C with similarly sized wells Controller Digital controller with data retention Heater 500W Heating Time 12 minutes from ambient to 350 C Cooling Time 15 minutes from 350 C to 100 C Cooling 2 speed internal fan Stabilization Time 7 minutes Immersion Depth 124 mm 4 88 inches Fault Protection Sensor burnout and short protection over temperature thermal cut out elec trical fuses Test Wells 31 8 mm dia x 123 7 mm deep 1 25 x 4 87 Multi hole inserts are available Exterior Di
12. enables On or disables OFF transmission of a linefeed charac ter LF ASCII 10 after transmission of any carriage return The default setting is with linefeed on The mode may be changed using UP or DOWN and pressing SET Serial Operation Once the cable has been attached and the interface set up properly the control ler immediately begins transmitting temperature readings at the programmed rate The serial communications uses 8 data bits one stop bit and no parity The set point and other commands may be sent via the serial interface to set the temperature set point and view or program the various parameters The inter 8 Digital Communication Interface Interface Commands 8 2 face commands are discussed in Section All commands are ASCII character strings terminated with a carriage return character CR ASCII 13 Interface Commands The various commands for accessing the calibrator functions via the digital in terfaces are listed in this section see Table 2 These commands are used with the RS 232 serial interface The commands are terminated with a carriage re turn character The interface makes no distinction between upper and lower case letters hence either may be used Commands may be abbreviated to the minimum number of letters which determines a unique command A command may be used to either set a parameter or display a parameter depending on whether or not a value is sent with the com
13. explains the functions available for operating the temperature hold feature An example fol lows showing how to set up and use the hold feature to test a switch Hold Temperature Display The hold feature is enabled by simply pressing the UP button The hold tem perature display shows the hold temperature on the right and the switch status on the left For the status c means the switch is closed and o means the switch is open The status flashes when the switch is in its active position op posite the normal position The hold temperature shows what the temperature of the well was when the switch changed from its normal position to its active position While the switch is in the normal position the hold temperature will follow the well temperature Operation of the hold temperature display is out lined below 143 5 C Well temperature display Access hold display B E YB Switch status and hold temperature To return to the normal well temperature display press DOWN Mode Setting The Hold Function is always in the automatic mode In this mode the normal position is set to whatever the switch position is when the set point is changed For example if the switch is currently open when the set point is changed the closed position then becomes the new active position The normal position is set automatically under any of the following conditions 1 a new set point number is selected 2 the set point value is chang
14. is warranted to operate in accordance with its programmed instruc tions on appropriate Hart products It is not warranted to be error free Hart s obligation under this warranty is limited to repair or replacement of a product which is returned to Hart within the warranty period and is determined upon examination by Hart to be defective If Hart determines that the defect or malfunction has been caused by misuse alteration abuse or abnormal condi tions or operation or handling Hart will repair the product and bill the pur chaser for the reasonable cost of repair To exercise this warranty contact an Authorized Service Center see Section 1 3 Service Centers assume NO risk for in transit damage THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS PURCHASER S SOLE AND EXCLU SIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EX PRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE HART SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM AGES OR LOSS WHETHER IN CONTRACT TORT OR OTHERWISE 4 Quick Start Unpacking 4 1 4 2 4 3 Quick Start Unpacking Unpack the dry well carefully and inspect it for any damage that may have oc curred during shipment If there is shipping damage notify the carrier immediately Verify that the following components are present e 9140 Dry well e Insert e Insert Removal Tool e Power Cord e Ser
15. or disables off transmission of a linefeed character LF ASCII 10 after transmission of any carriage return The linefeed parameter is indicated by 32 8 Digital Communication Interface Serial Communications 8 1 8 1 1 8 1 2 Digital Communication Interface The dry well calibrator is capable of communicating with and being controlled by other equipment through the digital serial interface With a digital interface the instrument may be connected to a computer or other equipment This allows the user to set the set point temperature monitor the temperature and access any of the other controller functions all using remote communications equipment Communications commands are summarized in Table 2 on page 36 Serial Communications The calibrator is installed with an RS 232 serial interface that allows serial dig ital communications over fairly long distances With the serial interface the user may access any of the functions parameters and settings discussed in Section 7 with the exception of the BAUD rate setting Wiring The serial communications cable attaches to the calibrator through the D 9 con nector at the back of the instrument Figure 6 shows the pin out of this connec tor and suggested cable wiring The serial cable should be shielded If the unit is used in a heavy industrial setting the shielded cable must be limited to RS 232 Cable Wiring for ONE meter IBM PC and Compati
16. to the well This type of action can cause a shock to the sensor and affect the calibration 1 Before You Start Authorized Service Centers 1 3 e The instrument and any thermometer probes used with it are sensitive in struments that can be easily damaged Always handle these devices with care DO NOT allow them to be dropped struck stressed or overheated e The Factory Reset Sequence see Section 12 1 Troubleshooting should be performed only by authorized personnel if no other action is successful in correcting a malfunction You must have a copy of the most recent Re port of Calibration to restore the calibration parameters e DO NOT operate this instrument in an excessively wet oily dusty or dirty environment Always keep the well and inserts clean and clear of foreign material e The dry well is a precision instrument Although it has been designed for optimum durability and trouble free operation it must be handled with care Always carry the instrument in an upright position to prevent the probe sleeves from dropping out The convenient handle allows for hand carrying the instrument e Ifa mains supply power fluctuation occurs immediately turn off the in strument Power bumps from brown outs could damage the instrument Wait until the power has stabilized before re energizing the instrument e The probe and the block may expand at different rates Allow for probe expansion inside the well as the block heats Otherwis
17. 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 baud The baud rate is pre programmed to 1200 baud Use UP or DOWN to change the baud rate value Press SET to set the baud rate to the new value or EXIT to abort the operation and skip to the next parameter in the menu Sample Period The sample period is the next parameter in the menu and prompted with SPEr The sample period is the time period in seconds between temperature measurements transmitted from the serial interface If the sample rate is set to 5 for instance then the instrument will transmit the current measurement over the serial interface approximately every five seconds The automatic sampling is disabled with a sample period of 0 Press SET to choose to set the sample pe riod Adjust the period with UP or DOWN and then use SET to set the sample rate to the displayed value Duplex Mode The next parameter is the duplex mode indicated with dUPL The duplex mode may be set to half duplex HALF or full duplex FULL With full duplex any commands received by the thermometer via the serial interface are immediately echoed or transmitted back to the device of origin With half du plex the commands are executed but not echoed The default setting is full du plex The mode may be changed using UP or DOWN and pressing SET Linefeed The final parameter in the serial interface menu is the linefeed mode This pa rameter
18. 9 2 2 Heating and Cooling Rates 2 ee ee 40 9 2 3 Stabilization and Accuracy o oo ee 41 10 Calibration Procedure 43 10 1 Calibration PoimMtS o o e e 43 10 2 Calibration Procedure s s o oc ss o eaa edea 43 10 21 Compute DELTA caca gti a ho ae ed ek RACE comes EE Ae Re 43 102 2 Compute R ALPHA sucia ea eS EAE ORR eR eS 44 10 2 3 Accuracy amp Repeatability 2 2 ee ee 45 11 Maintenance o 47 12 Troubleshooting xs sis KE EADS OE Ree ee 49 12 1 Troubleshooting Problems Possible Causes and Solutions 49 12 2 CE Comments a a it a a ws hae da 50 12 21 EMC Directives ma eS Sok seca eee An we Sed et ec ia ence We ae ls 50 12 2 2 Low Voltage Directive Safety o sc e oo o o e 50 iii Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 9140 Back Panel c se 25 444 G4 29 28 eee eee bea bt 13 9140 Front Panel s 2 42 2s gay ee oe RRR A 14 Inserts available for the 9140 block assembly 15 Controller Operation Flowchart o o 22 Well temperature fluctuation at various proportional band settings 27 serial Cable WINS 40 56 wee ea eM O ae 33 Typical Heating Rates orcas a aa a 41 Typical Cooling Rate y 2 6 25 458 bh ee ba ee BES A EES 41 Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 International Electrical Symbols 0 0 9140 control
19. DOWN key Write these values down as T and R respectively 3 Repeat step 2 for the other two set points recording them as T and R and T and R respectively 4 Using the recorded data calculate new values for the R ALPHA and DELTA parameters using the equations given below Compute DELTA A T T B T T 2 1 43 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide i if p a ool a E R R F R R delta AF BE DE CF T 3 Measured temperature using thermometer R 3 Value of set point resistance from display of 9140 Press SET and DOWN at the same time where T and R are the measured temperature and resistance at 50 0 C T and R are the measured temperature and resistance at 200 0 C T and R are the measured temperature and resistance at 350 0 C 10 2 2 Compute R amp ALPHA a T dena Tf Z a T delta I 1 T 100 100 ne R a Ra a 4 alpha Aich R a Ra delta is the new value of DELTA computed above 5 Program the new values for DELTA delta Rp rzero amp ALPHA alpha into the dry well using the following steps a Press the SET and EXIT keys at the same time and then press SET until RO is displayed 44 10 Calibration Procedure Calibration Procedure 10 2 3 b Press SET then use the UP or DOWN keys until the correct numerical setting is displayed Press SET to accept the new value c Repeat step b for ALPHA an
20. E 200 gt 3 0 150 m 100 Ambient 2 4 6 8 10 12 Time in Minutes Figure 8 Typical Cooling Rate 41 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 42 timate stability will be achieved 10 to 20 minutes after reaching the set temperature Inserting a cold probe into a well will require another period of stabilizing de pending on the magnitude of the disturbance and the required accuracy For ex ample inserting a 25 inch diameter room temperature probe into a sleeve at 300 C will take 5 minutes to be within 0 1 C of its settled point and will take 10 minutes to achieve maximum stability Speeding up the calibration process can be accomplished by knowing how soon to make the measurement It is recommended that typical measurements be made at the desired temperatures with the desired test probes to establish these times 10 Calibration Procedure Calibration Points 10 10 1 10 2 10 2 1 Calibration Procedure Sometimes the user may want to calibrate the dry well to improve the tempera ture set point accuracy Calibration is done by adjusting the controller probe calibration constants RO ALPHA and DELTA so that the temperature of the dry well as measured with a standard thermometer agrees more closely with the set point The thermometer used must be able to measure the well temperature with higher accuracy than the desired accuracy of the dry well By using a good thermometer and following this procedure the dry w
21. Geetha e 29 PARL Bre preet AN 29 ROLI ALPHA prapanca a aa As Bi A da O E 30 ge ee um DELTA ie an nee Oe i EE e A 30 Operating Parameters e deg 84 Ge rias ee e 30 Serial Interface Parameters 2 0200 4 30 TEDT Bard Rate at a eh AS Mek a A Os ta 30 7 8 1 Sample Period pre 6 44 5 6 Heke Se RE SG HS RG ERE ORS 31 78 1 1 Duplex Mode ici ra BG Fk eR a ee ee ee 31 A A Ge elds Bake eee tee tout ded Gre a th aa Sea eee Se eet 32 8 Digital Communication Interface 33 8 1 8 2 Serial Communications 0 0000002 ee 33 8 1 1 Wari eis ey ing eee Gee A Hee we eo aay Meee ee bee 33 8 1 2 GUI iea ey ince fh oder a Ro ap meet fe uses he ee cscs Pas O Re seen 33 Skeet Baud Rate sss ici ar cede we eee Boas a chat bE he daa 34 8 1222 Sample Period 0 at Ged Bear ae be oot aie ae do Ba Een die aes BA ae 34 8 1 23 Duplex Mode 2 2 as cuca es eae a eS RR RE A 34 AAA PU AAA Le eR ile Gale AA 34 8 1 3 Serial Operations se aia ia daa a Baek RoE ABE ae 34 Interface Commands 2 2 0 0000 ee eee ee 35 9 Test Probe Calibration 39 9 1 9 2 Comparison Methods gt o s ye c e oe ea kaka e 39 911 Calibrating a Single Probet a ea a a ae Ra A 39 9 1 2 Comparison Calibration os ass e cd Sei sl A gr oe ee al ae SG 39 9 1 3 Calibration of Multiple Probes scce 2 2 ee ee 40 Dry well Characteristics 2 2 ee ee 40 9 2 1 Vertical Gradient a ai e e aaa de eds a a ned A 40
22. If a problem arises please read this section carefully and attempt to understand and solve the problem If the problem cannot otherwise be solved contact a Hart Scientific Authorized Service Center see Section 1 3 for assistance Be sure to have the model number serial number voltage and problem description available Problem Possible Causes and Solutions Incorrect tempera Incorrect RO ALPHA and DELTA parameters Find the value for RO ALPHA and ture reading DELTA on the Report of Calibration Reprogram the parameters into the instrument see Section Calibration Parameters Allow the instrument to stabilize and verify the accuracy of the temperature reading Controller locked up The controller may have locked up due to a power surge or other aberration Initialize the system by performing the Factory Reset Sequence Factory Reset Sequence Hold the SET and EXIT buttons down at the same time while powering up the instrument The instrument displays shows init the model number and the firmware version Each of the controller parameters and calibration constants must be reprogrammed The values can be found on the Report of Calibration The instrument Incorrect scan and scan rate settings The scan and scan rate settings may be heats or cools too setto unwanted values Check the Scan and Scan Rate settings The scan may be quickly or too off if the unit seems to be responding too quickly The scan may be on with the
23. T EXIT gt Adjust Linefeed SET EXIT re Figure 4 Controller Operation Flowchart 22 7 Controller Operation Temperature Set point 7 2 2 7 2 3 Well temperature in degrees Celsius Press SET to accept the new selection and access the set point value SET Accept selected set point memory Set point Value The set point value may be adjusted after selecting the set point memory and pressing SET 4 200 Set point 4 value in C If the set point value need not be changed then press EXIT to resume dis playing the well temperature To change the set point value press SET and then press UP or DOWN 220 0 i New set point value When the desired set point value is reached press SET to accept the new value and access the temperature scale units selection If EXIT is pressed in stead then any changes made to the set point will be ignored SET Accept new set point value Temperature Scale Units The temperature scale units of the controller maybe set by the user to degrees Celsius C or Fahrenheit F The units are used in displaying the well tem perature set point and proportional band Press SET after adjusting the set point value to change display units Un Scale units currently selected Press UP or DOWN to change the units 23 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s G
24. abort the opera tion and skip to the next parameter in the menu Sample Period The sample period is the next parameter in the serial interface parameter menu The sample period is the time period in seconds between temperature measure ments transmitted from the serial interface If the sample rate is set to 5 the in strument transmits the current measurement over the serial interface approximately every five seconds The automatic sampling is disabled with a sample period of 0 The sample period is indicated by SPEr Serial sample period parameter Press SET to choose to set the sample period The current sample period value will be displayed SP i Current sample period seconds Adjust the value with UP or DOWN and then use SET to set the sample rate to the displayed value Press EXIT to continue without changes New sample period Duplex Mode The next parameter is the duplex mode The duplex mode may be set to full du plex or half duplex With full duplex any commands received by the calibrator via the serial interface are immediately echoed or transmitted back to the device of origin With half duplex the commands are executed but not echoed The du plex mode parameter is indicated by gdUPL i Serial duplex mode parameter 31 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 7 8 1 2 Linefeed The final parameter in the serial interface menu is the linefeed mode This pa rameter enables on
25. bles Setu p Instrument Computer DTE Before operation the serial interface nian ane must first be set up by programming INE 1000 the BAUD rate and other configura 2RxD pe 2RxD tion parameters These parameters are po pes programmed within the serial inter a zan face menu The serial interface pa 7RTS e 7RTS rameters menu is outlined in Figure 4 AA i a on page 22 To enter the serial parameter program ming mode first press EXIT while m Computer OTE pl AN onnector Connector pressing SET and release to enter DB 9 Pin DB 25 Pin the secondary menu Press SET re Hoes mE e xl peatedly until the display reads e 3RxD CAL Press UP until the serial in fon s Fii terface menu is indicated with SE ENC SSR riAL Finally press SET to enter Ay gt eb the serial parameter menu In the se ONC 20 DTR Figure 6 Serial Cable Wiring 33 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 34 8 1 2 1 8 1 2 2 8 1 2 3 8 1 2 4 rial interface parameters menu are the BAUD rate the sample rate the duplex mode and the linefeed parameter Baud Rate The baud rate is the first parameter in the menu The display will prompt with the baud rate parameter by showing BA U g Press SET to choose to set the baud rate The current baud rate value will then be displayed The baud rate of the 9140 serial communications may be programmed to 300 600
26. ce e Do not drop the probe stems into the well This type of action can cause a shock to the sensor e Ifa hazardous material is spilt on or inside the equipment the user is re sponsible for taking the appropriate decontamination steps as outlined by the national safety council with respect to the material e Ifthe mains supply cord becomes damaged replace it with a cord with the appropriate gauge wire for the current of the instrument If there are any questions call Hart Scientific Customer Service for more informa tion e Before using any cleaning or decontamination method except those rec ommended by Hart users should check with Hart Scientific Customer Service to be sure that the proposed method will not damage the equip ment e Ifthe instrument is used in a manner not in accordance with the equip ment design the operation of the dry well may be impaired or safety haz ards may arise 47 Solutions 12 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Problems Possible Causes and 12 12 1 Troubleshooting If problems arise while operating the 9140 this section provides some sugges tions that may help you solve the problem A wiring diagram is also included Troubleshooting Problems Possible Causes and Solutions In the event that the instrument appears to function abnormally this section may help to find and solve the problem Several possible problem conditions are described along with likely causes and solutions
27. cription of the problem 2 Introduction Introduction The Hart Scientific 9140 Mid Range Field Calibrator may be used as a portable instrument or bench top temperature calibrator for calibrating thermocouple and RTD temperature probes The 9140 is small enough to use in the field and accurate enough to use in the lab The instrument features e Rapid heating and cooling e Interchangeable multiple hole aluminum probe sleeves e Convenient hand strap e RS 232 interface capability Built in programmable features include e Temperature scan rate control e Temperature switch hold e Eight Setpoint memory e Adjustable readout in C or F The temperature is accurately controlled by Hart s hybrid analog digital con troller The controller uses a precision platinum RTD as a sensor and controls the well temperature with a solid state relay triac driven heater The LED front panel continuously shows the current well temperature The temperature may be easily set with the control buttons to any desired tempera ture within the specified range The instrument s multiple fault protection de vices insure user and instrument safety and protection The 9140 dry well calibrator was designed for portability low cost and ease of operation Through proper use the instrument will provide continued accurate calibration of temperature sensors and devices The user should be familiar with the safety guidelines and operating procedures of the
28. d DELTA Accuracy amp Repeatability 1 Check the accuracy of the dry well at various points over the calibration range 2 If dry well does not pass specification at all set points repeat Calibration Procedure 45 11 Maintenance 11 Maintenance e The calibration instrument has been designed with the utmost care Ease of operation and simplicity of maintenance have been a central theme in the product development Therefore with proper care the instrument should require very little maintenance Avoid operating the instrument in an oily wet dirty or dusty environment e If the outside of the instrument becomes soiled it may be wiped clean with a damp cloth and mild detergent Do not use harsh chemicals on the surface which may damage the paint e It is important to keep the well of the calibrator clean and clear of any for eign matter Do not use fluid to clean out the well e The dry well calibrator should be handled with care Avoid knocking or dropping the calibrator e For dry wells with removable probe sleeves the sleeves can become cov ered with dust and carbon material If the buildup becomes too thick it could cause the sleeves to become jammed in the wells Avoid this build up by periodically buffing the sleeves clean e Ifa sleeve should be dropped examine the sleeve for deformities before inserting it in the well If there is any chance of jamming the sleeve in the well file or grind off the protuberan
29. e the probe may become stuck in the well e Most probes have handle temperature limits Be sure that the probe handle temperature limit is not exceeded in the air above the instrument If the probe handle limits are exceeded the probe may be permanently dam aged Authorized Service Centers Please contact one of the following authorized Service Centers to coordinate service on your Hart product Fluke Corporation Hart Scientific Division 799 E Utah Valley Drive American Fork UT 84003 9775 USA Phone 1 801 763 1600 Telefax 1 801 763 1010 E mail support hartscientific com Fluke Nederland B V Customer Support Services 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide Science Park Eindhoven 5108 5692 EC Son NETHERLANDS Phone 3 1 402 675300 Telefax 31 402 675321 E mail ServiceDesk fluke nl Fluke Int l Corporation Service Center Instrimpex Room 2301 Sciteck Tower 22 Jianguomenwai Dajie Chao Yang District Beijing 100004 PRC CHINA Phone 86 10 6 5 12 3436 Telefax 86 10 6 5 12 3437 E mail xingye han fluke com cn Fluke South East Asia Pte Ltd Fluke ASEAN Regional Office Service Center 60 Alexandra Terrace 03 16 The Comtech Lobby D 118502 SINGAPORE Phone 65 6799 5588 Telefax 65 6799 5588 E mail antngOsinga fluke com When contacting these Service Centers for support please have the following information available Model Number Serial Number Voltage Complete des
30. ed 3 a new set point is set through the communications channels The operating mode of the temperature hold is set in the primary menu after the scan rate setting Switch Wiring The thermal switch or cutout is wired to the calibrator at the two terminals in the front of the dry well calibrator labeled SWITCH HOLD The switch wires may be connected to the terminals either way Internally the black termi nal connects to ground The red terminal connects to 5V through a 100 kQ re 25 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide sistor The calibrator measures the voltage at the red terminal and interprets 5V as open and OV as closed 7 4 4 Switch Test Example 26 7 5 7 5 1 This section describes a possible application for the temperature hold feature and how the instrument is set up and operated Suppose you have a thermal switch which is supposed to open at about 75 C and close at about 50 C and you want to test the switch to see how accurate and repeatable it is You can use the temperature hold feature and the scan function to test the switch Measurements can be made by observing the display or pref erably by collecting data using a computer connected to the RS 232 port To set up the test do the following steps 1 Connect the switch wires to the terminals on the front of the dry well and place the switch in the well 2 Enable set point scanning by setting the scan to ON in the primary menu see secti
31. ell can be calibrated to an accuracy of better than 0 5 C over its full range Calibration Points In calibrating the dry well RO ALPHA and DELTA are adjusted to minimize the set point error at each of three different dry well temperatures Any three reasonably separated temperatures may be used for the calibration Improved results can be obtained for shorter ranges when using temperatures that are just within the most useful operating range of the dry well The farther apart the calibration temperatures the larger will be the calibrated temperature range but the calibration error will also be greater over the range If for instance 150 C to 350 C is chosen as the calibration range then the calibrator may achieve an ac curacy of say 0 3 C over the range 150 to 350 C Choosing a range of 200 C to 300 C may allow the calibrator to have a better accuracy of maybe 0 2 C over the range 175 to 325 C but outside that range the accuracy may be only 0 5 C Calibration Procedure 1 Choose three set points to use in the calibration of the RO ALPHA and DELTA parameters These set points are generally 50 0 C 200 C and 350 0 C but other set points may be used if desired or necessary 2 Set the dry well to the low set point When the dry well reaches the set point and the display is stable wait 15 minutes or so and then take a reading from the thermometer Sample the set point resistance by holding down the SET key and pressing the
32. f the calibrator is the removable power cord inlet that plugs into an IEC grounded socket Power Switch The power switch is located on the power entry module PEM The PEM also houses the fuses and the dual voltage selector The PEM and Heater Voltage Switch see below allow the unit to be field switchable for 115 VAC 410 or 230 VAC 10 operation Heater Voltage Switch To be used only when changing the input voltage See Section 6 3 for instructions on changing the input voltage Note The input voltage and heater voltage switch settings should always be the same value Serial Port A DB 9 male connector is present for interfacing the calibrator to a computer or terminal with serial RS 232 communications Fan The fan inside the calibrator runs continuously when the unit is being op erated to provide cooling for the instrument It has two speeds a slow speed for control operation and a faster speed for rapid cooling Slots at the top and POWER 115 VAC 6 A 230 VAC 3 A 50 60 Hz HEATER VOLTAGE SWITCH 115V 6AF250V 230V 3 15 A F 250V Figure 1 9140 Back Panel 13 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 5 2 14 around the two corners of the calibrator are provided for airflow The area around the calibrator must be kept clear to allow adequate ventilation The air flow is directed upward and as a result can be extremely hot Front Panel Figure 2 on page 14 Controller Display The d
33. fleed on If on Set serial linefeed mode to off If eed of f If of Miscellaneous Other Commands Read firmware version number ver sion ver ver 9999 9 99 ver 9140 1 21 Read structure of all commands h elp h list of commands Read ALL operating parameters all all list of parameters Legend Optional Command data Returns either information n Numeric data supplied by user 9 Numeric data returned to user x Character data returned to user Note When DUPLEX is set to FULL and a command is sent to READ the command is returned followed by a carriage return and linefeed Then the value is returned as indicated in the RETURNED column 37 9 Test Probe Calibration Comparison Methods 9 1 Test Probe Calibration For optimum accuracy and stability allow the calibrator to warm up for 10 minutes after power up and then allow adequate stabilization time after reach ing the set point temperature After completing operation of the calibrator al low the well to cool by setting the temperature to 100 C for one half hour before switching the power off Comparison Methods For information on automating your testing contact Hart Scientific Calibrating a Single Probe Insert the probe to be calibrated into the well of the dry well calibrator The probe should fit snugly into the calibrator probe sleeve yet should not be so tight that it cannot be easily removed Avoid any dirt or grit that may cause the probe to jam into the s
34. fluctuation at various proportional band settings 27 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 28 The temperature stability of the well and response time depend on the width of the proportional band If the band is too wide the well temperature will deviate excessively from the set point due to varying external conditions This is be cause the power output changes very little with temperature and the controller cannot respond very well to changing conditions or noise in the system If the proportional band is too narrow the temperature may swing back and forth be cause the controller overreacts to temperature variations For best control stabil ity the proportional band must be set for the optimum width The proportional band width is set at the factory to about 15 0 C The propor tional band width may be altered by the user if he desires to optimize the con trol characteristics for a particular application The proportional band width is easily adjusted from the front panel The width may be set to discrete values in degrees C or F depending on the selected units The proportional band adjustment is be accessed within the secondary menu Press SET and EXIT to enter the secondary menu and show the heater power Then press SET to access the proportional band exar Access heater power in secondary menu Flashes SEC for secondary menu and then displays the heater power 12 0P Heater power in percent SET
35. ial Cable e User s Guide e 9930 Software Package Set Up Place the calibrator on a flat surface with at least 6 inches of free space around the instrument Plug the power cord into a grounded mains outlet Observe that the nominal voltage corresponds to that indicated on the back of the calibrator Carefully insert the probe sleeve into the well Probe sleeves should be of the smallest hole diameter possible still allowing the probe to slide in and out eas ily Sleeves of various sizes are available from Hart Scientific The well must be clear of any foreign objects dirt and grit before the sleeve is inserted The sleeve is inserted with the two small tong holes positioned upward Turn on the power to the calibrator by toggling the switch on the power entry module The fan should begin quietly blowing air through the instrument and the controller display should illuminate after 3 seconds After a brief self test the controller should begin normal operation If the unit fails to operate please check the power connection The display will begin to show the well temperature and the well heater will start operating to bring the temperature of the well to the set point temperature After using the calibrator allow the well to cool by setting the temperature to 25 C and waiting for the instrument to reach temperature before turning the in strument off Power Plug the dry well power cord into a mains outlet of the proper voltage fre que
36. ices Some time is required to fully dis charge the switching power supply and to complete the power off cycle The instrument does not reach temperature The specifications for the instrument include an ambient temperature of 23 C If the ambient temperature is above 23 C the instrument may not be able to reach the lowest specified temperature Check the ambient temperature if the instrument does not reach maximum temperature CE Comments EMC Directive Hart Scientific s equipment has been tested to meet the European Electromag netic Compatibility Directive EMC Directive 89 336 EEC The Declaration of Conformity for your instrument lists the specific standards to which the unit was tested Low Voltage Directive Safety In order to comply with the European Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC Hart Scientific equipment has been designed to meet the IEC 1010 1 EN 61010 1 and IEC 1010 2 010 EN 61010 2 010 standards
37. igital display is an important part of the temperature controller because it not only displays set and actual temperatures but also vari ous calibrator functions settings and constants The display shows tempera tures in units according to the selected scale C or F Controller Keypad The four button keypad allows easy setting of the set point temperature The control buttons SET DOWN UP and EXIT are used to set the calibrator temperature set point access and set other operating parameters and access and set calibration parameters Setting the control temperature is done directly in degrees of the current scale It can be set to one tenth of a degree Celsius or Fahrenheit The functions of the buttons are as follows SET Used to display the next parameter in the menu and to store parameters to the displayed value DOWN Used to decrement the displayed value of parameters UP Used to increment the displayed value DOWN UP EXIT SET 00090 DRY WELL 9140 CALIBRATOR Hart Scientific SWITCH HOLD Figure 2 9140 Front Panel 5 Parts and Controls Constant Temperature Block Assembly 1 2 1 16 1 8 5 3 5 3 1 5 3 2 Insert A 1 4 3 16 EXIT Used to exit a function and to skip to the next function Any changes made to the displayed value are ignored Constant Temperature Block Assembly Figure 3 on page 15 Constant Temperature Block The Block
38. ing the front panel keys The procedure is summarized here 1 Press SET twice to access the set point value 2 Press UP or DOWN to change the set point value 3 Press SET to program in the new set point 4 Press EXIT to return to the temperature display When the set point temperature is changed the controller will switch the well heater on or off to raise or lower the temperature The cycle indicator a two color LED will also indicate on red and heating or off green and cooling The displayed well temperature will gradually change until it reaches the set point temperature The well may require 5 to 20 minutes to reach the set point depending on the span Another 5 to 10 minutes is required for the temperature to stabilize Calibrating Probes The dry well block provides a constant temperature environment in which probes may be compared The probes inserted into the block may be compared to the well temperature displayed on the front panel of the calibrator The probes should be inserted the full depth of the well since the temperature at the bottom of the well will most closely agree with the displayed temperature For greater accuracy the probes may be compared to a reference thermometer inserted into the block The reference thermometer may be inserted into one hole while the probes to be calibrated are inserted into another The drawback to this method is that because of tempera
39. leeve Best results are obtained with the probe inserted to the full depth of the well Once the probe is inserted into the well allow ade quate stabilization time to allow the test probe temperature to settle as de scribed above Once the probe has settled to the temperature of the well it may be compared to the calibrator display temperature The display temperature should be stable to within 0 1 C degree for best results CAUTION Never introduce any foreign material into the probe hole of the insert Fluids etc can leak into the calibrator causing damage to the calibrator or binding and damage to your probe Comparison Calibration Comparison calibration involves testing a probe against a similar reference probe The advantage to this method is that better accuracy can be achieved since errors due to dry well inaccuracy stem effect and drift can be reduced After inserting the probes to be calibrated allow sufficient time for the probes to settle and the temperature of the dry well to stabilize Both the reference probe and the probe under test should be the same size and construction Using probes with different lengths diameters and materials will have different stem effects causing an unknown temperature difference All dry wells have horizontal and vertical gradients that change with temperature This is an unknown variable which can be factored out if probes are the same type length diameter and material Probes should be in
40. ler communications commands 9140 controller communications commands continued 1 Before You Start Symbols Used 1 1 Before You Start Symbols Used Table 1 lists the symbols used on the instrument or in this manual and the meaning of each symbol Table 1 International Electrical Symbols Symbol Description Ny AC Alternating Current ING AC DC Battery Mm MA Complies with European Union directives DC Double Insulated Electric Shock Fuse PE Ground Hot Surface Burn Hazard Read the User s Manual Important Information Off O gt l gt E On 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide Symbol Description Canadian Standards Association us OVERVOLTAGE Installation CATEGORY II Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010 1 re CATI fers to the level of Impulse Withstand Voltage protection provided Equipment of OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY II is energy consuming equipment to be supplied from the fixed installation Examples include household office and laboratory appliances The European Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE Directive C TIC Australian EMC 2002 96 EC mark 1 2 Safety Information Use the instrument only as specified in this manual Otherwise the protection provided by the instrument may be impaired Refer to the safety information below and throughout the manual The following definitions apply to the terms Warni
41. mand following a character For example s lt CR gt returns the current set point and s 150 0 lt CR gt sets the set point to 150 0 degrees In the following list of commands characters or data within brackets and are optional for the command A slash denotes alternate characters or data Numeric data denoted by n may be entered in decimal or exponential notation Characters are shown in lower case although upper case may be used Spaces may be added within command strings and will simply be ignored Backspace BS ASCII 8 may be used to erase the previous character A termi nating CR is implied with all commands 35 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide Table 2 9140 controller communications commands Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values Display Temperature Read current set point s etpoint S set 9999 99 C or F set 150 00 C Set current set point to n s etpoint n s 350 Instrument Range Read temperature t emperature t t 9999 9 C or F t 55 6 C Read temperature units u nits u uix u C Set temperature units u nits c f CorF Set temperature units to Celsius u nits c u C Set temperature units to u nits f u f Fahrenheit Read scan mode sc an sc sc ON or OFF sc ON Set scan mode sc an on off sc on ON or OFF Read
42. mension 152 4 mm H x 85 7 mm W x 196 9 mm D 6 x 3 375 x 7 75 Weight 2 7 kg 6 lbs Fuse Rating 115 V 6 A fast acting 250 V 230 V 3 15 A fast acting 250 V Safety OVERVOLTAGE Installation CATEGORY Il Pollution Degree 2 per 1EC1010 1 Environmental Conditions Although the instrument has been designed for optimum durability and trou ble free operation 1t must be handled with care The instrument should not be 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 3 3 operated in an excessively dusty or dirty environment Maintenance and clean ing recommendations can be found in the Maintenance Section of this manual The instrument operates safely under the following conditions e temperature range 5 50 C 41 122 F e ambient relative humidity 15 50 e pressure 75kPa 106kPa e mains voltage within 10 of nominal e vibrations in the calibration environment should be minimized e altitude does not effect the performance or safety of the unit Warranty Fluke Corporation Hart Scientific Division Hart warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for a period as stated in our current product catalog from the date of shipment This warranty extends only to the original purchaser and shall not apply to any product which in Hart s sole opinion has been subject to misuse alteration abuse or abnormal conditions of operation or handling Software
43. mperature relationship of the sensor The value of this parameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy Operating Parameters The operating parameters menu is indicated by PAr Operating parameters menu The operating parameters menu contains NOTHING AT PRESENT Serial Interface Parameters The serial RS 232 interface parameters menu is indicated by SErIAL Serial RS 232 interface parameters menu Press UP to enter the menu The serial interface parameters menu contains parameters which determine the operation of the serial interface These controls only apply to instruments fitted with the serial interface The parameters in the menu are baud rate sample period duplex mode and linefeed Baud Rate The baud rate is the first parameter in the menu The baud rate setting deter mines the serial communications transmission rate The baud rate parameter is indicated by O BARUJ aa Serial baud rate parameter Press SET to choose to set the baud rate The current baud rate value will then be displayed 2400 b Current baud rate The baud rate of the serial communications may be programmed to 300 600 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 baud The default factory setting is 2400 baud Use UP or DOWN to change the BAUD rate value 7 Controller Operation Serial Interface Parameters 7 8 1 7 8 1 1 New baud rate Press SET to set the baud rate to the new value or EXIT to
44. ncy and current capability Refer to Section 3 1 Specifications for power details Turn the dry well on using the rear panel POWER switch The 11 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 4 4 dry well will turn on and begin to heat to the previously programmed tempera ture set point The front panel LED display will indicate the actual dry well temperature Setting the Temperature Section 7 2 explains in detail how to set the temperature set point on the cali brator using the front panel keys The procedure is summarized here 1 Press SET twice to access the set point value 2 Press UP or DOWN to change the set point value 3 Press SET to program in the new set point 4 Press EXIT to return to the temperature display When the set point temperature is changed the controller will switch the well heater on or off to raise or lower the temperature The displayed well tempera ture will gradually change until it reaches the set point temperature The well may require 5 to 10 minutes to reach the set point depending on the span An other 5 to 10 minutes is required to stabilize within 0 1 C of the set point Ul timate stability may take 15 to 20 minutes more of stabilization time 5 Parts and Controls Rear Panel 5 1 Parts and Controls The user should become familiar with the dry well calibrator and its parts Rear Panel Figure on page 13 Power Cord At the rear o
45. ng and Caution Warning identifies conditions and actions that may pose hazards to the user Caution identifies conditions and actions that may damage the instru ment being used 1 2 1 AX WARNINGS To avoid personal injury follow these guidelines GENERAL DO NOT use this instrument in environments other than those listed in the User s Guide Inspect the instrument for damage before each use DO NOT use the in strument if it appears damaged or operates abnormally Follow all safety guidelines listed in the user s manual Calibration Equipment should only be used by Trained Personnel If this equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Before initial use or after transport or after storage in humid or semi hu mid environments or anytime the dry well has not been energized for more than 10 days the instrument needs to be energized for a dry out period of 2 hours before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety re quirements of the IEC 1010 1 If the product is wet or has been in a wet environment take necessary measures to remove moisture prior to apply 1 Before You Start Safety Information ing power such as storage in a low humidity temperature chamber operat ing at 50 C for 4 hours or more DO NOT use this instrument for any application other than calibration work The instrument was designed for tempera
46. ng Explanation of the button or display reading are to the right of each button or display value Well Temperature The digital LED display on the front panel allows direct viewing of the actual well temperature This temperature value is what is normally shown on the dis play The units C or F of the temperature value are displayed at the right For example Well temperature in degrees Celsius The temperature display function may be accessed from any other function by pressing the EXIT button Temperature Set point The temperature set point can be set to any value within the range and with res olution as given in the specifications Be careful not to exceed the safe upper temperature limit of any device inserted into the well Setting the temperature involves two steps 1 select the set point memory and 2 adjust the set point value Programmable Set points The controller stores 8 set point temperatures in memory The set points can be quickly recalled to conveniently set the calibrator to a previously programmed temperature set point To set the temperature one must first select the set point memory This function is accessed from the temperature display function by pressing SET The number of the set point memory currently being used is shown at the left on the display followed by the current set point value 21 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide
47. on 7 3 1 3 Set the scan rate to a low value say 1 0 C min see section 7 3 2 If the scan rate is too high you may lose accuracy because of transient temperature gradients If the scan rate is too low the duration of the test may be longer than is necessary You may need to experiment to find the best scan rate 4 Set the first program set point to a value below the expected lower switch temperature say 40 C in the program menu 5 Set the second program set point to a value above the expected upper switch temperature say 90 C 6 Set the program soak time to allow enough time to collect a number of data points say 2 minutes 7 Collect data on a computer connected to the RS 232 port Refer to Section 8 for instructions on configuring the RS 232 communications interface Secondary Menu Functions which are used less often are accessed within the secondary menu The secondary menu is accessed by pressing SET and EXIT simulta neously and then releasing The first function in the secondary menu is the heater power display See Figure 4 Heater Power The temperature controller controls the temperature of the well by pulsing the heater on and off The total power being applied to the heater is determined by the duty cycle or the ratio of heater on time to the pulse cycle time By knowing the amount of heating the user can tell if the calibrator is heating up to the set point cooling down or controlling at a con
48. scan rate sr ate sr srat 99 9 C min srat 12 4 C min Set scan rate sr ate n sr 1 1 1 to 99 9 Read hold hold ho ho open closed 99 9 C ho open or F 30 5 C Secondary Menu Read proportional band setting _ pr op band pr pb 999 9 pb 15 9 Set proportional band to n pr op band n pr 8 83 Depends on Configuration Read heater power po wer po po 999 9 po 6 5 duty cycle Configuration Menu Calibration Menu Read RO calibration parameter r 0 r r0 999 999 ro 100 7 Set RO calibration parameter ton r 0 n r 100 7 97 0 to 105 Read ALPHA calibration alpha al al 9 999999 al 0 003865 parameter Set ALPHA calibration parameter aj lphaJ n al 0 003865 002 to 006 ton Read DELTA calibration a elta de de 1 50 parameter Read DELTA calibration a elta n de 1 37 de 9 9999 0 3 0000 parameter Operating Parameters Menu Serial Interface Menu Read serial sample setting sa mple sa sa 9 sa 1 Set serial sampling setting ton sa mple n sa 0 0 to 999 seconds Set serial duplex mode du plex f ull h alf FULL or HALF Set serial duplex mode to full du plex f ull du f Set serial duplex mode to half du plex h alf du h 36 8 Digital Communication Interface Interface Commands Table 3 9140 controller communications commands continued Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values Set serial linefeed mode If eed on of f ON or OFF Set serial linefeed mode to on I
49. serted to the same depth in the well The following procedure can be used to calibrate a probe against a reference while eliminating error due to temperature gradients between wells 1 Place the reference probe in one well 39 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 40 9 2 9 2 1 9 2 2 2 Place the probe to be calibrated the unit under test UUT in another well 3 With the reference inserted into one well and the probe under test in serted into a second well make measurements of each 4 Swap the locations of the reference probe and probe under test Allow plenty of time for thermal settling 5 Make another set of measurements of the reference probe and the probe under test 6 Average the two measurements of the reference probe Average the two measurements of the probe under test Averaging the two measurements in this way eliminates error due to temperature gradients between the two wells 7 You may now compare the averaged measurement of the probe under test with the averaged measurement of the reference probe For best results repeat the test several times at the same temperature and at dif ferent temperatures This method can be used with different types of probes but the user must deter mine the uncertainty of the measurement Calibration of Multiple Probes Fully loading the calibrator with probes increases the time required for the tem perature to stabilize after inserting the probes Be s
50. stant temperature Monitoring the percent heater power will let the user know how stable the well temperature 7 Controller Operation Secondary Menu 7 5 2 is With good control stability the percent heating power should not fluctuate more than 1 within one minute The heater power display is accessed in the secondary menu Press SET and EXIT simultaneously and release The heater power will be displayed as a percentage of full power 100 0 C Well temperature ser Hen Access heater power in secondary menu a cet Flashes SEC for secondary menu and then displays the heater power ic OP Heater power in percent To exit out of the secondary menu press EXIT To continue on to the propor tional band setting function press SET Proportional Band In a proportional controller such as this the heater output power is proportional to the well temperature over a limited range of temperatures around the set point This range of temperature is called the proportional band At the bot tom of the proportional band the heater output is 100 At the top of the pro portional band the heater output is 0 Thus as the temperature rises the heater power is reduced which consequently tends to lower the temperature back down In this way the temperature is maintained at a fairly constant level Proportional Band too Narrow Proportional Band too Wide Optimum Proportional Band E Figure 5 Well temperature
51. ture calibration Any other use of the instrument may cause unknown hazards to the user Completely unattended operation is not recommended Overhead clearance is required DO NOT place the instrument under a cabinet or other structure Always leave enough clearance to allow for safe and easy insertion and removal of probes If the instrument is used in a manner not in accordance with the equip ment design the operation of the dry well may be impaired or safety haz ards may arise This instrument is intended for indoor use only BURN HAZARDS DO NOT turn the instrument upside down with the inserts in place the inserts will fall out DO NOT operate near flammable materials Use of this instrument at HIGH TEMPERATURES for extended periods of time requires caution DO NOT touch the well access surface of the instrument The block vent may be very hot due to the fan blowing across the heater block of the dry well The temperature of the well access is the same as the actual display tem perature e g if the instrument is set to 700 C and the display reads 700 C the well is at 700 C For top loading dry wells the top sheet metal of the dry well may exhibit extreme temperatures for areas close to the well access The air over the well can reach temperatures greater that 200 C for high temperature 400 C and higher dry wells Note Probes and inserts may be hot and should only be inserted and removed from the instrument
52. ture variations throughout the block there may be a small temperature difference between one hole and another which can cause errors 6 General Operation Calibrating Probes Using the same hole for the reference thermometer and the test probe may have better results This however requires switching the probes which takes more time One must allow a few minutes after inserting the probes for the tempera ture to stabilize before making measurements Because of temperature varia tions along the length of the well best results are obtained when comparing probes of similar construction and inserting them the same depth into the well 19 7 Controller Operation Well Temperature 7 1 7 2 7 2 1 Controller Operation This chapter discusses in detail how to operate the dry well temperature con troller using the front control panel Using the front panel key switches and LED display the user may monitor the well temperature set the temperature set point in degrees C or F monitor the heater output power adjust the control ler proportional band and program the calibration parameters operating pa rameters and serial interface configuration Operation of the functions and parameters are shown in the flowchart in Figure 4 on page 22 This chart may be copied for reference In the following discussion a button with the word SET UP EXIT or DOWN inside indicates the panel button while the dotted box indicates the display readi
53. uide 24 7 3 7 3 1 7 3 2 New units selected Scan The scan rate can be set and enabled so that when the set point is changed the dry well heats or cools at a specified rate degrees per minute until it reaches the new set point With the scan disabled the dry well heats or cools at the maximum possible rate Scan Control The scan is controlled with the scan on off function that appears in the main menu after the temperature scale units Sc 0FF i Scan function off Press SET to accept the present setting and continue SET Accept scan setting Scan Rate The next function in the main menu is the scan rate The scan rate can be set from 1 to 99 9 C min The maximum scan rate however is actually limited by the natural heating or cooling rate of the instrument This is often less than 100 C min especially when cooling The scan rate function appears in the main menu after the scan control function The scan rate units are in degrees per minute degrees C or F depending on the selected units Press SET to accept the new scan rate and continue SET Accept scan rate 7 Controller Operation Temperature Display Hold 7 4 7 4 1 7 4 2 7 4 3 Temperature Display Hold The 9140 has a display hold function which allows action of an external switch to freeze the displayed temperature and stop the set point from scanning This is useful for testing thermal switches and cutouts This section
54. ure that the temperature has stabilized before starting the calibration Multiple probes may be calibrated simultaneously using either the direct or comparison calibration method Stem effect will cause less error in the compar ison calibration method than with the direct calibration method Dry well Characteristics Vertical Gradient There is a temperature gradient vertically in the test well The heater has been applied to the block in such a way as to compensate for nominal heat losses out of the top of the dry well and minimize vertical temperature gradients How ever actual heat losses will vary depending on the number and types of probes inserted into the calibrator and the block temperature For best results insert probes the full depth of well Heating and Cooling Rates Figures 7 and 8 show typical heating cooling rates of the 9140 dry well calibrator 9 Test Probe Calibration Dry well Characteristics A WARNING DO NOT remove inserts when heating or when the unit is hot 9 2 3 Stabilization and Accuracy The stabilization time of the dry well calibrator will depend on the conditions and temperatures involved Typically the test well will be stable to 0 1 C within 5 minutes of reaching the set point temperature as indicated by the display Ul 350 300 250 200 150 Block Temperature C 100 Ambient 2 4 6 8 10 12 Time in Minutes Figure 7 Typical Heating Rate 350 300 o paa 250 o a
55. us there are two ways 1 Press the SET and UP simultaneously This will change display units 2 Press the SET key three times from the temperature display to show Press the UP or DOWN key to change units Switching to 230 V Operation The 9140 is switchable from 115 VAC to 230 VAC 50 60 Hz Switching the voltage can change the calibration so it is recommended to recalibrate the unit after changing the input voltage To change from 115 VAC to 230 VAC e Unplug the unit e With a small straight slot screwdriver remove the fuse holder located on the rear panel Replace the two 6 amps fuses with 3 amp 250 V fuses e Replace the fuse holder with the 230V in the display window 17 9140 Dry well Calibrator User s Guide 6 4 6 5 e Using the same straight slot screwdriver move the heater switch to dis play 230V See the rear panel drawing in Figure 1 on page 13 A NOTE If the heater switch and the fuse holder do not both read 230V when complete the unit will either not heat or only heat at a fraction of its capacity Ifnot done properly the unit could become damaged and void the calibration and warranty A CAUTION DO NOT plug the unit into 230 V if the heater switch and fuse holder read 115 This will cause the fuse to blow and may damage the in strument Setting the Temperature Section 7 2 explains in detail how to set the temperature set point on the cali brator us
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