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Epson 386SX/20 User's Manual

1. Function Both keys used together stop a program Aof F f while it s running Pressing any key again allows you to continue i 17 Both keys used together interrupt a fon rogram while it s running and identify ine where it stops M Table 4 4 Special Functions Chapter 4 Keyboard 4 3 Keyboard Tilt Adjustment Under the rear of the keyboard are two small legs that can be pulled out or pushed in to change the keyboard angles to suit you Figure 4 8 Adjustment of Keyboard Angles Chapter 4 Keyboard 9 ting Troubleshoo Troubleshooting In this chapter you will learn about basics of how to solve software hardware problems when to get technical help for your computer Your computer has been designed to last for years of optimum perfor mance But if some problems do occur more likely than not you will be able to solve them by referring to this chapter No matter whether you are a new or experienced user you should become familiar with the material in this chapter For detailed explana tions of computer problems and how to solve them you are urged to buy personal computer troubleshooting books from your nearest hardware or software dealer Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 2 5 1 Command Problems Often what appears to be a big problem is in fact just a matter of a small Oversight Before taking your computer to the shop for major surgery
2. If you are an experienced user who wants to get to work as soon as possible the Quick Start section at the beginning of this chapter provides you all the information you need to set up the hardware If you want to upgrade your hardware later read Section 2 2 Installa tion If you want to gain a more thorough understanding of your computer read the entire manual Note You may refer to Chapter 7 Glossary for definitions of computer terminology Chapter 1 System Overview 1 2 1 1 Introduction This manual will guide you through the setup of your computer and provide the information necessary to tailor the system to fit your needs If you are a novice you will be able to have your computer up and running with a minimum of fuss You will also gain valuable hands on experience by following the easy step by step instructions If you are an advanced user you will appreciate the affordable power of this system Your system uses an Intel Corporation 80386SX microprocessor which is a 32 bit CPU with a l amp bit external data bus and a 24 bit external address bus It provides the performance benefits of a 32 bit programming architecture and the cost savings associated with 16 bit hardware systems Moreover it is 100 object code compatible with the 386 286 and 8086 microprocessors Therefore your system op timizes both for performance and cost It can access the world s largest existing microcomputer software base
3. Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System shows you how to install or upgrads your system Chapter 3 Operaring Your System shows you the MS DOS functions and the basics of the system setup program Chapter 4 Keyboard explains the keyboard s features layout and basic functions Chapter 5 Trubleshooring covers a simple troubleshooting procedures and provides directions for additional help Chapter 6 Appendix provides some technical specifications for your system Chapter 7 Glossary explains some microcomputer terms How to Use this Manual For the advanced user If you are an experienced PC user and do not want to upgrade your system now and you want to start using your personal computer as soon as possible refer to the Quick Start section at the beginning of chapter one Quick Startwill provide you all the information you need to set up the hardware For the beginner Chapter 1 gives you the basic information you need to use this system Chapter 2 provides greater detail on the hardware and on how to upgrade your system Your system is quite simple to set up However if you are unsure of yourseff find an experienced PC hand to help out XIII view System Over System Overview This chapter covers the basics of your system the system s features and specifications control panel features and connectors outside of the Case how to maintain your computer
4. The reset button allows you to restart the system without turning the lower off If you encounter any problems while using unfamiliar software you can always restart quickly from the RAM test stage by pressing the reset button Note however that any data which have not been saved to disk will be lost Turbo Button The Turbo button allows you to change the running speed of the microprocessor to accommodate software requirements Some software applications must be run at a slow clock speed Indicator Lights These lights indicate the operation status of your computer The green LED is lit when the power is on The yellow LED comes on when Turbo clock speed is ac tivated The red LED comes on when the hard disk is being ac cessed 8 Chapter 7 System Overview Keylock The keylock enables or disables the keyboard In the unlock mode the keyboard is activated In the lock mode the keyboard is disabled to deny unauthorized users access to the computer bl KEER oD Keys for keylock isabl Figure 1 5 Keylock and Two Security Lock Keys Chapter 1 System Overview 9 System Power Switch The system power switch is located on the right side of the case toward the rear Figure 1 6 ON OFF Switch in OFF Position You should always be certain that the power is turned off before modifying the hardware configuration in any way 10 Chapter 1 System Overview 1 8 Rear Panel The rea
5. IRQS 5VDC DRQ2 12VDC OWS 501 412VOC 9 500 GND 10 I O CH ROY SMEMW esd 11 AEN SMEMR EE 12 SA19 IOW A 13 SA18 IOR 14 SA17 D ACK 1 SA16 DRQ3 SA15 SA14 SA13 SA12 SAT RO SA10 TAQ SA9 IRQS 7 SAB 1894 7 SA7 IRQ3 SA6 D ACK2 Be SAS Tc SA4 BALE SA3 5VOC 22 1 SA2 OSC 7 SAI GND SAO 1 J OCHCK 2 507 3 506 4 505 5 504 m 503 7 02 8 ojojo jn amp o m D ES SS s ET TEN D ACK1 DRQ1 REFRESH CLK Figure 6 10 62 Pin Expansion Bus I O Channels Chapter 6 Appendix 23 MEM CS16 l BO10 IRQ11 IRQ12 IRQ15 IRQ14 D DRQO D ACK5 DRQ D ACK6 DRO6 D ACK7 DRQ7 5VDC MASTER GND Figure 6 11 36 Pin Expansion Bus I O Channels Math Coprocessor Control The math coprocessor functions as an I O device through I O port addresses hex OF8 OFA and OFC The microprocessor sends OP codes and operands to I O ports The microprocessor also receives and stores results through the same O ports The busy signal sent by the processor forces the microprocessor to wait until the coproces sor is finished executing The following describes the math coprocessor controls OF0 The latched math coprocessor busy signal can be cleared with an 8 bit out command to port FO The coprocessor will latch busy if it asserts its error signal Data output should be zero OF1 The math coprocessor will reset if an 8 bit out command is sent to
6. W6 Refer to Figure 2 5 below for the location of jumpers W1 W6 and the RAM banks m r Tee Wi we Bank 0 2 Gan zx 250 ES nan lara aaa daa dig raa idera a UM Bank 1 3 EET 2 aata AE SRE RAE RELA NONE aR eee EUN A eng Figure 2 5 RAM Banks amp Jumpers for Bank Selection 8 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System Following figures show the configuration for total onboard system memory Description setting Using one bank or two banks banks O amp 1 with either DIP or SIMM DRAMs as onboard memory Using three or four banks of DIP banks 0 1 and SIMM banks 2 3 DRAMs as onboard memory Table 2 2 Settings of Jumpers W1 W6 Before setting up RAM configuration in BIOS you must refer to the following table to set the watt state and the page interleave mode Particularly you cannot set both 0 wait state and disabled page interleave mode in Turbo mode otherwise your system cannot operate normally even cannot display the screen In order to set both modes normally you should switch the button from Turbo mode to Normal mode ning fne Bank 3 K OK ok Page 12 aec ow x ox o DDE Page 16 RAM access time is 80ns Table 2 3 Total Onboard System Memory Size Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 9 Bank 41256 RAM Module x 2 pieces You may
7. Y N Press lt if you have nothing else to be formatted Chapter 3 Operating Your System Backing up your Diskettes and Files In order not to lose your files through disk damage or accidental deletion it is important to back up all your files and diskettes regularly Backing up a diskette on a two floppy disk drive system At the A gt prompt type the following A gt diskcopy a b Press lt Enter gt and respond to the prompts on your screen Backing up a diskette on a single floppy disk drive system At the A gt prompt type the following A gt diskcopy Press lt Enter gt and respond to the prompts on your screen After your target disk has been copied you will see the following prompt Copy another diskette Y N Press lt N gt if you have nothing else to be copied Backing up a file To back up a single file key in the backup command and directory as follows A gt backup lt path gt lt filename gt lt drive gt A Chapter 3 Operating Your System 5 6 Deleting your Diskettes and Files You may want to erase diskettes or unnecessary files to make room for other data Erasing a diskette To erase a whole directory of files type the following at the drive prompt A gt del 3 lt Enter gt All the files in the open directory are now erased Deleting a file To delete a single file type the following at the drive prompt A gt del filename ext lt Enter gt Chapter 3 Operat
8. Z Software crash the application suddenly displays garbled text on the monitor or the cursor locks up Try to reboot the computer If the problem persists you will need to contact the software dealer from whom you purchased the package He she should replace the package depending on the ser vice contract or have it repaired Hardware error messages These messages are related to the computer s internal components your monitor mouse or printer Hardware problems are usually ones that the user cannot solve alone Professional services are therefore required Error messages generated by MS DOS BASIC or other high level applications These messages relate to problems due to incorrect use or malfunc tion of a high level application under which you might run your software It is still advisable to contact your software dealer for assis tance with such problems Consult your dealer if you have any questions about troubleshooting Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Examples of System Error Messages System crash The cursor cannot be moved and does not respond to the keyboard This could indicate a software crash Mark where you are in your document Reboot your system and reload your software Scroll the cursor to where you last saved your data Retype the information up to where the cursor could not be moved Enter the rest of the data If the cursor continues to function normally the problem was probably caused by accidently pres
9. check the following items Make sure that all devices computer and peripherals have power and are turned on If you encounter a problem while you are working stop what you are doing immediately On paper make notes of what is happening List the actions you have taken and the responses from the computer You may want to print a copy of the screen by using the Shift lt PrtSc gt keys combination Use the diagnostic software on your computer Try to find out the conditions under which the malfunction oc curs Try also to isolate where the problem is occurring Is it with a certain software program or with your hardware If the problem is with software you should probably talk to your software dealer If the problem is with the hardware try to narrow down the source of the problem Is it your disks or disk drives Keyboard Printer Screen If some messages appear on the screen refer to your MS DOS manual for an explanation of the message You may want to write down the message or print it out with the Shift lt PrtSc gt key combination Problems ex cept blackouts can be avoided if you run your system on a dedicated electrical line That is ensure that your computer and peripheral electric cords are not shared by other appliances such as a refrigerator or air conditioner Also it is highly advisable to purchase a surge suppres sor This is a set of electric sockets enclosed in a single housing A surge suppresso
10. disk drive reverse the procedure described above Disconnect the cables undo the mounting screws slide the drive out and remove the mounting guides Chapter 6 Appendix 6 2 Entering 20MHz Turbo Mode The main advantage of your mainboard over ordinary PC AT main boards is its dual clock system This innovation makes it possible for your computer to operate at either of two clock speeds 10MHz or 20MHz Entering 20MHz Turbo Mode Your system supports both a software and hardware switch to toggle between 10MHz and 20MHz Turbo modes The two switches are set up using jumper J3 and are mutually exclusive You must choose either software or hardware if you are setting up the board yourself Software Turbo Switch When jumper J3 is covered with a jumper cap or is connected to a closed hardware Turbo switch the speed can be toggled between Turbo and Normal from the keyboard The clock speed when you turn the system on will be 10MHz or 20MHz To switch the speed to 20MHz or IOMHz do the following press and hold down the control Ctrl and alternate lt Alt gt keys on the keyboard while you press the minus key The Turbo LED on your panel if you have one will light For more information on the Turbo LED refer to the Connectors section Hardware Turbo Switch If your hardware Turbo switch is connected to pins one and two of jumper J3 pushing the switch on and off will toggle between 10MHz Normal mode and 20MHz Turbo
11. including the growing collection of 32 bit software Quality flexibility and functionality are the key design features of your system This system provides optimum performance at an affordable price Operating System Your computer uses the MS DOS operating system For more details on this operating system please refer to the Microsoft MS DOS User s Guide and User s Reference This manual is included with your System Chapter 1 System Overview 1 2 Quick Start If you are an experienced user anxious to start using your computer observe the figure below to set up your personal computer You will still want to use this manual later as a reference book Note Save all packing materials in case you need to ship or resell your computer in the future Figure 1 1 Quick Start Chapter I System Overview 1 3 Features Intel 80386SX 20 microprocessor 32 bit CPU with a 16 bit external data bus and a 24 bit external address bus Intel 80387SX 20 coprocessors optional e Switchable between 10MHz Normal mode and 20MHz Turbo mode by either a software switch or a hardware switch Onboard battery backup for the CMOS configuration table and a real time clock RAM subsystem of 512KI3 640KB 1 MB 1 5MB 2MB 3MB 4MB and 5MB Eight expansion slots six 16 bit slots and two 8 bit slots Sixteen level interrupt Seven channel DMA for disk and special I O 64KB legal BIOS Four layer mainboard LI
12. It consists of either 640KB or 1MB in the form of 256K or 64K by l bit RAM modules Memory refresh forces one memory cycle every 15 microseconds through channel 1 of the timer counter The following functions are performed by the RAM initialization program Write operation to any memory location Initialization of channel 1 of the timer counter to the rate generation mode 15 microseconds Note Memory can be used only after being accessed or refreshed eight times Chapter 6 Appendix Direct Memory Access Eight DMA channels are supported by the system Two Intel 8237 5 DMA controller chips four channels in each chip are used to provide eight DMA channels The DMA channels are assigned as follows Cascade for CTRL 1 SDLC Diskette CH 6 Spare CH7 Table 6 5 DMA Channels DMA Channel Channels 0 through 3 are contained in DMA controller 1 Transfers of 8 bit data 8 bit I O adapters and 8 bit or 16 bit system memory are supported by these channels Each of these channels will transfer in 64KB blocks throughout the 16 megabyte system address space Channels 4 through 7 are contained in DMA controller 2 To cascade channels 0 through 3 to the microprocessor use channel 4 Transfers of 16 bit data between 16 bit adapters and 16 bit system memory are supported by channels 5 6 and 7 DMA channels 5 through 7 will transfer data in 128KB blocks throughout the 16 megabyte system address space These channels will not
13. Protected mode will use one of two different address spaces depend ing on whether or not paging is enabled Every selector has a logical base address of up to 32 bits in length This 32 bit logical base address is added to the effective address to form a final 32 bit linear address If paging is disabled this final linear address reflects physical memory and is truncated so that only the lower 24 bits of this address are used to address the 16 megabyte memory address space if paging is enabled this final linear address reflects a 32 bit address This is translated through the paging unit to form a 16 megabyte physical address Chapter 6 Appendix 17 Real Address Mode In real mode the 386SX microprocessor operates as a very fast 8086 but with a 32 bit extension if desired Real mode is required primarily to set up the processor for protected mode operation The segmentation unit shifts the selector left four bits and adds the result to the effective address to form the linear address This linear address is limited to 1 megabyte In addition real mode has no paging capability System Timers The system has three programmable timer counters controlled by the Intel 8254 2 chip These are channels 0 through 2 defined as follows Channel 0 CLK INO ours Table 6 1 Channel 0 Refresh Request Generator GATE 1 TIED ON CLK IN 1 1 190MHz OSC CLK OUT 1 Request Refresh Cycle Table 6 2 Channel 1 NOTE Channel
14. ard eos 8 Reset deg owes XE ie i Turbo 8 Indicator Lights Sh oat it sad Keyboard Lock sda es Ga Go ge a am am fig CEP System Power Switch Pm l 8 Rear Panel c NU S REL Keyboard Connector CERO 12 Power Cord 13 Display Port ing fette cx take Bord Power Voltage Setting Dose eti Laos tts a escheat Re aN cae 15 l 9 Other Peripherals 16 l 10 Disk Drives 17 Floppy Disks 8 Hard DISKS ater De RE Tee e e om Ae 20 l 11 Keyboard scr doe Sie EUROS 21 l 1 2 Maintaining Your Equipment 22 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 2 1 Motherboard 803865 X CPU Math Coprocessor Chip Insertion Jumper VIC ee Onboard System Memory Size ROM BIOS Chips M 2 2 Installation 2 3 Connection to Power Supply Chapter 3 Operating Your System 3 1 An Introduction to DOS Loading DOS System Messages 3 2 DOS Operations Starting MS DOS Formatting Disks Backing up Your Diskettes and Files Deleting Your Diskettes and Files Finding Out What is on Your Disk 3 3 Hard Disk Drive Format Step 1 Preformat Step 2 Partition Step3 Format 3 4 Helpful Hi
15. at connector J9 which is beside the power supply on the motherboard There are some cables on the power supply Be sure the four black wires of the power supply cables are located at the middle of the power connectors Refer to the figure below Pin 1 is numbered in the picture for your convenience To power supply Four black wires are in the middle Mainboard Power supply connector Figure 2 17 Connecting to a Power Supply Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 21 The pinouts for the connectors at J9 are as follows Table 2 5 Power Supply Pinouts 22 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System ng tem erati Sys Op Your C i S Q Operating Your System In this chapter you will learn L a few MS DOS functions L the basics of the system setup program The software that your system will use falls into two categories First there is the operating system the language that tells the system what to do The operating system in this computer uses is Microsoft Corporation s MS DOS the world s most widely used operating sys tem for PC XT ATs Next there is the application software what you use for work and play Finding application software is a simple matter of going to your nearest PC store Note This is not an MS DOS manual It mentions only a few of the DOS functions available To learn more about DOS refer to your MS DOS User s Guide and Reference manual included with you
16. mode Alternate Use of Both Switches Both the hardware and the software switches may be used alternative ly but this is not advised because you may become confused about the mode of operation When using both switches alternatively the Turbo LED will be the only accurate indicator of the actual mode the LED will be on in Turbo mode and off in Normal mode Chapter 6 Appendix 9 10 6 3 Software Your system supports shadow RAM and Expanded Memory System EMS to increase the system memory capability Note that If you have more than one megabyte memory you may enable or disable the 384K memory as shadow RAM The 384K is always allocated at the same address for shadow RAM even if you disable the shadow RAM Important You can only enter the setup program by pressing lt Esc gt when the power is just switched on You may reset the system to enter the setup program too Shadow RAM Enable For efficient execution of BIOS it is preferable to run BIOS code through RAM rather than through the slower EPROMs Your system can support shadow RAM for BIOS and video To enable shadow RAM follow the steps below 2 Hold down the Esc key to enter the setup program as you turn the power on Select item 6 to enter the NEAT Chip Setup Configuration menu e Select item 1 to enable BIOS or video shadow RAM Refer to the BIOS manual for details EMS Driver Setup The mainboard supports LIM 4 0 EMS Toset up the EMS d
17. reconfigure your system you will need to enter the setup program After starting your computer press the lt Esc gt key quickly before the RAM test finishes If you miss the chance to do so reset your system and repeat the above procedures to enter the setup program Before the setup program appears the following message will appear on the screen SETUP utility will be starting When the system self test is completed the setup program will take over Once you have entered the setup program you will see the following initial screen ROM SETUP PROGRAM VERSION 2 0 C COPYRIGHT DATATECH ENTERPRISES CO LTD 1990 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1 SET UP SYSTEM CONFIGURATION PREFORMAT HARD DISK SET UP BUILT IN UTILITY SET UP PASSWORD SET UP USER DEFINED HARD DISK TYPE SET UP NEAT CHIP SET QUIT SETUP PROGRAM CHOOSE ITEM NUMBER 1 Figure 3 1 Initial Screen Chapter 3 Operating Your System 13 Running the Setup Program The menu of the setup program highlights the selected command You can use the up lt gt and down lt gt arrows to select the desired item Pressing the enter key lt gt confirms your selection or enters the next screen If the option on the screen does not match your configuration you have two ways to make modifications You may either highlight selections and press lt gt to enter the command or use the left lt gt and right lt gt arrows to sho
18. transfer data on odd byte boundaries Chapter 6 Appendix 21 The addresses for the page register are as follows Page Register Hex Address DMA Channel 0 DMA Channel 1 DMA Channel 2 DMA Channel 3 DMA Channel 5 DMA Channel 6 DMA Channel 7 Refresh Table 6 6 I O Hex Address Address generation for the DMA channels is as follows For DMA Channels 3 through 0 Source DMA Page Registers 8237A 5 Address A23 lt gt A16 15 lt gt AO Table 6 7 DMA Channel 3 Through 0 Note To generate the addressing signal byte high enable BHE invert address line AO For DMA Channels 7 through 5 Source DMA Page Registers 8237A 5 Table 6 8 DMA Channels 7 Through 5 Note The BHE and AO addressing signals are forced to a logical 0 DMA channel addresses do not increase or decrease through page boundaries 64KB for channels 0 through 3 and 128KB for channels 5 through 7 22 Chapter 6 Appendix Channel Slots The I O channel supports Refresh of system memory from channel or microprocessors Selection of data accesses either 8 or 16 bit Interrupts 24 bit memory addresses 16MB I O wait state generation I O address space hex 100 to hex 3FF Open bus structure allowing multiple micro processors to share the system s resources including memory DMA channels The pinouts of the expansion bus I O channels are shown as below and on the next page GND RESET DBV 45VDC
19. use either bank as bank 0 Figure 2 6 512KB Total Onboard System Memory 10 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System Bank 0 41256 RAM Module x 2 pieces You may use either bank as bank 0 Figure 2 7 640 KB Total Onboard System Memory Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 11 Bank 0 41256 RAM Module x 2 pieces BA AAAA Bank 1 41256 RAM Module x 2 pieces or Bank 1 44256 X 4 41256 X 2 or Bank 0 44256 X 4 41256 X 2 Jumpers W1 W6 1 1 1 Any bank may be used with any bank 1 Figure 2 8 1 MB Total Onboard System Memory 12 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System Bank 2 41256 RAM Module x 2 pieces Figure 2 9 1 5 MB Total Onboard System Memory Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 13 Bank 2 41256 RAM Module x 2 pleces Figure 2 10 2MB Total Onboard System Memory A Bank 0 411000 RAM Module x 2 pieces Figure 2 11 2MB Total Onboard System Memory B 14 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System Bank 2 411000 RAM Module x 2 pieces Figure 2 12 3MB Total Onboard System Memory Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 15 Bank 0 411000 RAM Module x 2 pieces Figure 2 13 4MB Total Onboard System Memory 16 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System Bank 2 411000 RAM Module x 2 pieces Figure 2 14 5MB Total Onboard System Memory Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 17 ROM BIOS Chips Jumper W7 is used to select the type of BIOS chips BIOS stands for Basic Input Output Sys
20. 1 is programmed to generate a 15 microsecond signal Table 6 3 Channel 2 18 Chapter 6 Appendix The 8254 2 timer counter is treated by system programs as an arran gement of four programmable external I O ports Three are treated as counters the fourth is a control register for mode programming System interrupts Sixteen levels of system interrupts are provided by the 80386SX NMI and two 8259A interrupt controller chips The following shows the interrupt level assignments decreasing priority Microprocessor NMI Parity or Channel Check Interrupt Controllers CTLR1 CTLR2 IRQ 0 Timer Output 0 IRQ 1 Keyboard Output Buffer Full IRQ 2 Interrupt from CTLR 2 Realtime Clock Interrupt Software Redirected to INT OAH IRQ2 Reserved Reserved Reserved Coprocessor Fixed Disk Controller Reserved Serial Port 2 Serial Port 1 Parallel Port 2 Diskette Controller Parallel Port 1 Table 6 4 Interrupt Level Assignment Chapter 6 Appendix 19 20 ROM Subsystem The ROM subsystem has a 32K by 16 bit arrangement consisting of two 32K by 8 bit ROM EPROM modules The odd and even address codes reside in separate modules The top of the first megabyte and the bottom of the last megabyte address space is assigned to ROM hex OF0000 and hex FF0000 Parity checking is not done on ROM BIOS has been provided in this subsystem RAM Subsystem The RAM subsystem starts at address hex 000000 of the 16M address space
21. M 4 0 EMS support Shadow RAM support Choice of either 44256 DIP or 256k 1M SIMM DRAM modules with 80ns Page Interleaved DRAM access method support Power fail detect circuit Address pipeline support 4 Chapter 1 System Overview 1 4 Specifications CPU 80386SX microprocessor 20MHz RAM Subsystem of 512KB 640KB 1 MB 1 5MB 2MB 3MB 4MB and 5MB ROM 64KB legal BIOS Expansion slots Six 16 bit slots and two 8 bit slots Disk Drive s Three 5 25 bays and two 3 5 bays Power Size 165mm X 150mm X 150mm Options Math coprocessor 80387SX 20 Chapter 1 System Overview 5 1 5 Example of a System Configuration The basic system is pictured below You may choose peripherals and upgrades for the system as your needs require Even if your system is different from the one pictured it should operate in the same basic manner Figure 1 2 System Configuration Chapter 1 System Overview 6 1 6 System Unit The system unit may house a motherboard disk drives a power supply and an optional expansion cards 3 5 Disk Drive Bays Turbo Button Reset Button Figure 1 3 System Unit Case Chapter 1 System Overview 7 1 7 Control Panel The control panel provides several useful functions which are ex plained below You are likely to use the front panel frequently so let s start there RESET TURBO figure 14 Front Panel Reset Button
22. PEER 2030 20MHz 386SX SYSTEM ser s Manual PEER 2030 Personal Computer User s Manual Edition 1 2 The following does not apply to any country where such provisions are inconsistent with local law We make no warranties with respect to this documentation eithsr express or implied and provides it as is This includes but is not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose The information in this document is subject to change without notice We assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document IBM PC IBM PC XT and IBM PC AT are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation MS DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation The typeface used in the text of this manual is Helvetica and is used under licence from the Allied Corporation the owner of the typeface All other brand names are registered trademarks of their respective companies The PEER 2030 this manual and all illustrations in it are copyrighted with all rights reserved Under the copyright laws the PEER 2030 this manual and the illustra tions may not be copied without the written consent of Datatech Enterprises Co Ltd Documentation design and writing by Echo Chen Patty Lee Hazel Chen and Alan Patterson 1991 Datatech Enterprises Co Ltd Federal Communications Commission FCC Stateme
23. The 80386SX has superior extended memory support and will execute the new 32 bit programs of the future The 80386SX 20 CPU is vastly superior in capabilities and speed to the 80286 and can handle Concurrent processing e Hardware based multitasking e Superior extended memory support and e Virtual machines Virtual machines can create discrete non interfering operating en vironments for application programs giving each application its own working environment Virtual machines can be created within the ex tended memory by using appropriate control software Your system is switchable between 10 and 20MHz to ensure software compatibility and can be activated with either a hardware or software switch For software that fails to operate at Turbo mode you may switch to the Normal speed Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 3 Math Coprocessor f you process numeric data a math coprocessor will make your work more efficient An optional 80387SX 20 coprocessor can be installed in socket U42 to accelerate processing of calculation intensive applications Jumper W9 is used to enable or disable the 80387SX math coprocessor Remember that you must make sure the dotted end of the chip is lined up with the notched end of the socket Refer to the illustrations below and on the next page to install the Intel 80387SX 20 Refer to Table 2 1 below for jumper W9 and Figure 2 2 on the next page for the 80386SX and the 803875 80387SX Disa
24. Three or four RAM banks W7 ROM Selection 1 amp 2 shorted 27256 chip selected 2 amp 3 shorted 27128 chip selected W8 Pipeline 1 amp 2 shorted Pipeline disable 2 amp 3 shorted Pipeline enable W9 80387SX 1 amp 2 shorted Coprocessor enable 2 amp 3 shorted Coprocessor disable W11 Power Good Selection 1 amp 2 shorted Onboard 2 amp 3 shorted External W12 Display Mode 1 amp 2 shorted Mono 2 amp 3 shorted Color W13 Battery Selection 1 amp 2 shorted External 28 3 shorted Onboard 14 Chapter 6 Appendix J1 CPU Frequency indicator J2 Keylock amp Power LED J3 Turbo Switch J4 Speaker J5 Turbo LED J6 Hardware Reset J7 External Battery Connector J8 Keyboard Connector J9 Power Connector Chapter 6 Appendix 15 16 6 5 Moving Your Computer and Peripherals Your personal computer and its peripheral components are highly sensitive machines that can be damaged easily through bad shipping and handling We recommend that you take the following steps before moving the equipment to another location Short Move An example of this is moving from one location to another in the same building Ensure that you have taken the following steps before moving any items Be sure that all data in your hard disk is backed up onto flop py disks Enter the DOS system program and invoke the PARK com mand This c
25. am by pressing Esc and select item 2 on the initial screen The program will then proceed as below ROM SETUP PROGRAM VERSION 2 0 C COPYRIGHT DATATECH ENTERPRISES CO LTD 1990 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED SET UP SYSTEM CONFIGURATION PREFORMAT HARD DISK DRIVE TO PREFORMAT C D INTERLEAVE RATE 1 2 3 BUILD BAD TRACKS TABLE BEGIN TO PREFORMAT EXIT SELECTION 5 T CHANGE ITEM J ACCEPT Figure 3 3 Preformat Hard Disk Screen 16 Chapter 3 Operating Your System 3 Setting Up Built in Utilities Three system utilities a calculator a hard disk park and a timer are in your system BIOS These utilities are enabled by the setup pro gram Note that these utilities can be used in the SO column text display mode only The calculator and the hard disk park can be used if you press lt Ctrl gt lt Alt gt and lt 5 gt on the key pad Pressing lt Esc gt will exit these Utilities The following is the figure for the calculator CALCULATOR V1 41 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 ms 1 To Select Mn zs Figure 3 4 Calculator Chapter 3 Operating Your System 17 4 Setting Up Password Selecting item 4 in the initial setup menu will lead you to set up a system password A password can deny unauthorized users access to the computer You can key in a password with a maximum of seven alphanumeric units You may press lt F1 gt to see the present password status 5 Setting U
26. anoseconds This is a unit of time measurement for processing speed operating system This is software that controls the execution of programs output Any information or bits of data that are channeled from one electronic device to another partition A disk drive can be divided into several logical sections or partitions each of which becomes a logical device with a drive letter peripheral Output devices which are driven by the computer port A communication channel between a computer and its peripheral components printed circuit board An electronic circuit board sandwiched between fiberglass plates program A series of instructions that command the computer to perform certain tasks prompt Ascreen message or position of the cursor at the begin ning of a line RAM Random Access Memory read write memory The memory in a computer while it is activated When the power is turned off this type of memory is cleared Chapter 7 Glossary ROM Read Only Memory This is data that is stored on an IC in the computer RS 232 RS232 is a standardized communications interface be tween data communication equipment and your com puter setup This section guides you through the preparations you ll need to make before operating your computer If this is your first computer you re advised to read this section carefully Although this system has been designed to be as foolproof as an ordinary televisi
27. ble Table 2 1 Math Coprocessor Jumper W9 4 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System Be rite tines tiie i Bd ER ET ARTES CESAR IR LOSERS RES ee SR BE ERE RI ARREST AA SOROS CO ROSIE OSE SOS STORER 80386SX Notch 80387SX Socket U42 Figure 2 2 The Location of W9 80386SX and 80387SX Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 5 Chip Insertion Remember that when insetting chips you must make sure that the notched or the dotted end of the chip is lined up with the notched end of the socket Gently push the chip into the socket and be careful not to bend the pins Notch Figure 2 3 Chip insertion 6 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System Jumper A jumper is a kind of switch which uses a plastic cap with a metal interior to connect short two pins If a jumper needs to be left open you should save the cap for future use by covering only one pin of a jumper This has no effect on the function of the board while it keeps the cap handy The illustration below shows the side and top views of a three pin jumper in which pins two and three are shorted Top View Figure 2 4 An Example of Three Pin Jumper Setting Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 7 Onboard System Memory Size Jumpers W1 W6 are used to set the RAM size you want on the mainboard The DIP and SIMM DRAM banks can contain from 512KB 640KB 1 MB 1 5MB 2MB 3MB 4MB to 5MB by means of setting jumpers W1
28. e cable connector down securely Your computer gives you a wide range of video options to meet your needs You have a wide choice of the following video standards MGA Monochrome Graphics Adapter also referred to as Hercules CGA Color Graphics Adapter EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter VGA Video Graphics Adapter Refer to the figures below for mono and color display connectors fo Ground 6 1 Secondary Green Red O OH round Secondary Blue Green 0 round Blue O Horizontal Sync M i8 ot Use Horizontal Sync j Vertical Sync Vertical Sync Ground Figure 1 10 Two Kinds of Display Connectors 14 Chapter 1 System Overview Power Voltage Setting The system unit can run on either 115V or 230V as indicated in Figure 1 11 The voltage setting switch is located above the monitor power outlet Refer to Table 1 1 for power cord specifications Figure l I 1 Voltage Switch Power Source Cord Specification UL listed SVT SJT type three conductor rated 10A 125V 15ft in length Appropriate approval listed in that specific country three conductor rated 6A 250V UL listed SVT SJT type three conductor rated 6A 125V 16ft in length 230V U S A only Table 1 1 Power Cord Specifications Chapter 1 System Overview 15 1 9 Other Peripherals To connect other peripherals printer modem etc refer to your expan sion ca
29. e figure below shows a typical keyboard Refer to Chapter 4 for a more detailed description of the keyboard Figure 1 15 Keyboard Chapter 1 System Overview 21 1 12 Maintaining Your Equipment Read and follow carefully all the instructions and warnings in this manual and on these products Only use a damp cloth to clean your system unit and monitor case Do not use detergents Position your system unit monitor and cables wires away from direct sunlight moisture dust oil and thoroughfares Do not submit your equipment to harsh jarring Ensure that all ventilation outlets are always free from obstruction In the event of mechanical power failure or damage do not attempt to repair the system unit monitor s cables wires Refer all such problems to experienced service personnel Ensure that the back of the system unit is at least 3 away from anything that might obstruct the ventilation outlets and cause overheating Ensure that the power source is grounded correctly This product is equipped with a 3 wire grounding type plug This plug will only fit into a grounded power outlet It is recommended not to service this product yourself as opening and removing covers exposes dangerous voltage areas and other risks Refer all servicing to service per sons 22 Chapter 1 System Overview Up ystem tin N R4 Q Set Your Setting Up Your System In this chapter you will learn abo
30. e side of the connector should be at pin 1 when attached to the card Pin 1 is clearly marked on the card See the figure below To Pin 1 of FDC Connector To Drive A Colored Line DATEN Cable Twisted To Pin 1 of HDC Connector To Drive D To Drive C Cable Twisted 95 Colored line To Pin 1 of HDC Data Connector Colored line Figure 6 7 Cables for Disk Drives Follow the same procedure for any additional drives you want to install Removal To remove a drive just reverse the procedure described above Dis connect the cables undo the screws and slide the drive out Chapter 6 Appendix 3 5 Disk Drives The installation of a 3 5 disk drive is similar to that for a 5 25 disk drive Follow the steps below Fasten the drive to the bracket as follows Figure 6 8 installing a 3 5 Disk Drive Z Place the disk drive inside the bay and fasten the bracket to the chassis Refer to the figure on the next page Chapter 6 Appendix 7 8 Figure 6 9 Screwing the 3 5 Disk Drives Connect the power cable and the hard disk controller cables Note that there is only one possible way to connect the power cable and hard disk cables owing to the shape of the connectors so it is impossible to make a mistake The two hard disk controller cables are of different sizes the red wires on the cables should be connected so that they are toward the central portion of the case Removal To remove a 3 5
31. git either 1 or 0 1 or 0 represents a single unit of data boot This means to turn on the power switch and load the operating system DOS into the computer so that it is ready to accept software applications bus This is a set of lines that transmit signals information be tween the components within the computer If the I O channel is 32 bit this means the data travels at least twice as fast as data on a 16 bit data bus byte A group of data units forming a single unit of data There are eight bits in a single byte clock processing speed This measurement usually given in MHz megahertz tells how fast the microprocessor in your computer hand les data The higher the number the faster your com puter CPU Central Processing Unit Also known as a microproces sor This chip processes all the instructions in the com puter computer An electronic device that can receive store and transmit data and process arithmetic or logic operations cursor The blinking moving spot of light that marks the active place on the monitor Chapter 7 Glossary data Any kind of information However this word is generally used to describe computer related information debug A method for correcting computer errors default This is an existing setting in a computer DIP This is an acronym for Dual In line Package which is a method for packaging integrated circuits directory A directory works like a desk drawe
32. gt ot n n s 3 Figure 1 2 System Configuration sss 6 Figure 1 3 System Unit Case gt gt gt s s c oo o o or or 7 Figure 1 4 Front Panel o n nn n n n8 ng ng tB tnt nt I e 8 Figure 1 5 Keylock and Two Security Lock Keys 9 Figure 1 6 ON OFF Switch in OFF Position 10 Figure 1 7 Rear Panel pte Bak Bek oe e uod Figure 1 8 Connecting the Keyboard Coble d t do dee a E Figure 1 9 System Power Cord deer dedo dede eee de Figure 1 10 Two Kinds of Display Connactors IX UL Figure 1 11 VoltageSwitth gt s o o o o n nne 15 Figure 1 12 System Unit Connected to Peripherals 16 Figure 1 1 3 Installing Floppy and Hard Disk Drives 17 Figure 1 14 Copy Protection for a 3 5 Floppy Disk 19 Figure 1 15 Copy Protection for a 5 25 Floppy Disk 19 Figure 1 16 Keyboard hci de Ss w x dre VIII Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System Figure 2 1 Motherboard Layout Figure 2 2 The Location of W9 803865 80387SX Figure 2 3 Chip Insertion i a Figure 2 4 An Example of Three Pin Jumper Setting Figure 2 5 RAM Banks amp Jumpers for Bank Selection Figure 2 6 512KB Total Onboard System Memory PER HEP Figure 2 7 640KB Total Onboard System Memory Figure 2 8 1 MB Total Onboard System Memory E x e cs Figure 2 9 1 5MB Total Onboard System Memory Figure 2 1 0 2MB Total Onboa
33. ing Your System Finding Out What is on Your Disk If you want to find out what files are on a disk you can list its directory by using the lt DIR gt command If you want to display the directory of the disk in drive A you would use the following command DIR A After you hit the enter key all the file information will display on the screen If you use the DIR command without a drive letter MS DOS lists the directory of the disk in the default drive There are three ways to stop the screen from scrolling Z pressing the lt Ctrl gt and the S keys simultaneous Z pressing Pause Z typing DIR P to see one screen each time Chapter 3 Operating Your System 7 8 3 3 Hard Disk Drive Format A hard disk must be formatted before it can be read from or written to If your hard disk requires this you should carry out the following steps Step 1 Preformat The preformat utility is supplied by the system BIOS You can press ESC key quickly just after the RAM test to enter the SETUP program Choosing item 2 from the initial screen to preformat hard disk See Figure 3 1 Step 2 Partition This process creates DOS partitioning on a preformatted hard disk drive The DOS command FDISK handles this partitioning process Insert your DOS diskette in drive A and type a to get A prompt Then type A gt FDISK lt gt The FDISK command displays a serial of menus to help you partition your hard di
34. k makes 4 operative Otherwise the cursor key is activated Activating Num Lock makes 5 operative t Activating Num Lock makes 6 operative Otherwise the cursor key is activated Activating Num Lock makes 1 operative Otherwise end moves the cursor to the end of the line it is on Activating Num Lock makes 2 operative Otherwise the cursor key is activated Activating Num Lock makes 3 operative g Dri Otherwise page down is activated i Activating Num Lock makes 0 operative Otherwise the key ij functions to insert characters at the position of the cursor Used for decimal points Otherwise it deletes characters where the cursor IS positioned Enters commands or inserts invisible paragraph characters c Table 4 1 Function of Numeric Keypad Keys 4 Chapter 4 Keyboard Mode Indicator Lights In addition to the character number and control keys every keyboard has three lights that indicate the typing mode These lights and their functions are explained as follows Num Caps Scroll Lock Lock Lock C Figure 4 4 Indicator Lights Caps Lock When this light is on characters are in uppercase mode Num Lock When this light is off the cursor control function of the numeric keypad is disabled and the numeric mode is activated Scroll Lock When this light is on text can be scrolled without moving the cursor Chapter 4 Keyboard 5 6 Special Keys Below are some
35. lumes of data format The arrangement of data on a magnetic disk Format also means to prepare a disk hardware All physical components of a computer Hz Hertz This signifies one complete cycle of a wave signal VO Input Output The transfer of data between the computer and its peripheral components IC Integrated Circuit Chapter 7 Glossary interface A means for electronic machines to communicate Inter face also means to communicate with a computer and its peripheral components kilobyte KB A single data unit that is composed of 1024 bytes math coprocessor A math coprocessor lets you do arithmetic and calcula tions more efficient megabyte IMB A single data unit that is composed of 1 048 576 bytes memory address A hexadecimal or decimal value given to a memory loca tion microprocessor This is an integrated circuit that receives coded instruc tions for execution It is also referred to as a CPU modem A modem lets your computer communicate with other computers over telephone lines motherboard It is the main printed circuit board in the system case It is also known as a mainboard or systemboard MS DOS The Microsoft Disk Operating System This is the most popular operating system for IBM PCs and compatibles network A network lets everyone in your group communicate with one another or share the cost of high performance resources Chapter 7 Glossary 5 6 ns N
36. m password Z user defined hard disk types Z NEAT chip set The setup program is simple to be used It is extremely important that you respond correctly to the prompts about your computer The following will guide you through the setup program For more information about the setup program refer to your BIOS manual Chapter 3 Operating Your System 11 Entering the Setup Program There are two ways to enter the setup program by pressing lt F1 gt or by pressing lt ESC gt 1 Pressing lt F1 gt to Enter the Setup Program You will need to press F1 to enter the setup program in the following situations Z when your computer is turned on for the first time Z when the rechargeable battery is dead Z when the hardware configuration is changed If the battery for CMOS chip is dead or the system configuration does not match your actual hardware configuration you will have to recon figure your system The computer will give you this screen message Press the F1 key to enter the setup program or press any other key to continue Under the above three conditions pressing F1 will automatically start the setup program Under any conditions within DOS you can use the DOS DEBUG command as follows A gt DEBUG g F000 FF60 lt This command will start the setup program Chapter 3 Operating Your System 2 Pressing lt ESC gt to Enter the Setup Program If you want to set up special functions provided by BIOS or
37. me as that for a floppy disk You may at sometime want to add to or exchange your floppy or hard disk drives Follow the instructions below to do so Be certain to refer to the manuals for both the disk drive and the controller card for any additional specific information regarding them that may be of importance 5 25 Disk Drives To install or remove 5 25 disk drives follow the steps below Open the system unit case as described on Figure 2 16 Screw the metal guides to the disk drive as shown below Figure 6 1 Installing a 5 25 Disk Drive Slide the back end of the disk drive first into the disk drive bay 2 Chapter 6 Appendix Screw the disk drive to the disk drive bay as shown below Figure 6 2 Screwing the 5 25 Disk Drives Next connect the floppy hard disk controller cable and one of the four cables from the power supply The power cable is simple to connect simply plug it in to the correct adapter The shape of the plug ensures that no mistakes will be made See the figures on the following pages Chapter 6 Appendix 3 Figure 6 3 Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive Mainboard Drive B Figure 6 4 Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive to an FDC Card Chapter 6 Appendix 4 Figure 6 5 Connecting a Hard Disk Drive Figure 6 6 Connecting a Hard Disk Drive to an HOC Card Chapter 6 Appendix 5 6 One edge of the ribbon cable is marked with a color line This specific lin
38. nt Radio Frequency Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communica tions However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the inter ference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver Z Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Z Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help Any special accessories needed for compliance must be specified in the instruction manual Warning A shielded type power cord is required in order to meet FCC emission limits and also to prevent interference to nearby radio and television reception It is essential that only the attached power cord be used Use only shielded cables to connec
39. nts 3 5 System Setup Program Entering the Setup Program Running the Setup Program Chapter 4 Key boa Traon Se ik eat Sh GN Ree See 4 Keyboard Layout 4 2 Getting Acquainted with Your Function Keys Numeric Keypad Mode Indicator Lights Special Keys QWERTY keys Cursor Keys Key Combinations 4 3 Keyboard Tilt Adjustment Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 5 Command Problems 5 2 System Error Messages Examples of System Error Messages 5 3 System BIOS Error Messages VI N CO CO O CO CO CO Chapter 6 Appendix 6 1 Installing Disk Drives 5 25 Disk Drives 3 5 Disk Drives 6 2 Entering 20MHz Turbo Mode Entering 20 MHz Turbo Mode SoftwareTurbo Switch Hardware Turbo Switch Alternate Use of Both Switches 6 3 Software Shadow RAM Enable EMS Driver Setup 2 6 4 Quick Reference for Jumper Settings ee QE cg 6 5 Moving Your Computer and Peripherals Short Move Long Move 6 6 Technical information Microprocessor Protected Virtual Address Mode Real Address Mode System Timers System Interrupts ROM Subsystem RAM Subsystem Direct Memory Access DMAChannel Channel Slots Math Coprocessor Control Chapter 7 Glossary E Occo NNN Lo teem E EI ODD RO 17 VII List of Figures Chapter 1 System Overview Figure 1 1 Quick Statt 0 s o o o o on ot ot gt
40. ommand will lock up your hard disk to protect it from damage while the computer is being moved Turn off all power switches Insert the cardboard diskette s supplied with the system unit into the disk drive s and close the disk drive levers Detach all cables and cords Next coil and tie them to protect the connectors Move each item separately Long Move This kind of move involves use of a motor or a vehicle to carry your computer and its peripherals from one location to another Before moving any items follow the instructions stated above Next repack all items in their original packing cases Chapter 6 Appendix 6 6 Technical information Microprocessor The 80386SX is a high performance microprocessor with a 16 bit external data path up to 16 megabytes of directly addressable physi cal memory and up to 64 terabytes of virtual memory space The operating speed of the 80386SX chip is 10MHz in Normal mode and 20MHz in Turbo mode The 80386SX operates in two modes protected virtual address mode and real address mode Protected Virtual Address Mode In protected mode software can perform a task switch to enter virtual 8086 mode tasks Each task behaves with 8086 semantics thus allowing 8086 software an application program or an entire operation system to execute The virtual 8086 tasks can be isolated and protected from one another and the host 386SX microprocessor opera tion system by use of paging
41. on set a careful read ing of this section will help you to ensure the long life and troublefree operation of your computer software Computer programs such as a word processor operating system or programming languages synchronous transmission Syncopated transmission of signals between devices Turbo High speed virtual disk Also referred to as a RAM disk this is a portion of memory used to simulate a hard disk wait state Wait states are pauses Zero wait state means there are no pauses when the contents of the memory chips are being read window An independent screen that can be invoked onto the monitor and in which data can be viewed altered or stored Chapter 7 Glossary 7
42. our typing make sure you don t confuse with Have the correct diskette in the drive Check the contents of the diskette with the D R com mand Specify the correct diskette drive Remember to include the colon when specifying the name of a drive Spell the filename correctly Use the appropriate extension such as DOC or EXE Z Refer to the DOS Reference for additional information if a command still doesn t work Z Print contents of a disk if you have a printer and keep the list with the diskette Z All commands except DISKCOPY and DISKCOMP are files that will work on both diskettes and hard disk drives Z The date and time shown with each directory entry are the date and time of the last addition or change to that file The date and time are not changed during a COPY or a DIS KCOPY 10 Chapter 3 Operating Your System 3 5 System Setup Program A system setup program is included in your BIOS on the motherboard The setup program is used to key in the configuration you want for your system Specifically you can set the date time base memory expan sion memory number of floppy and hard disk drives and display configuration as well as get information on hard disk types Your system BIOS is fully compatible with IBM BIOS In addition many special functions are supported like Z a low level fixed disk format utility Z three system utilities a calculator a hard disk park and a timer Z syste
43. p User Defined Hard Disk Type If none of the drive types 1 47 match the fixed disk drive specifica tions you have select item 5 in the setup menu to set a user defined hard disk type 6 Setting Up NEAT Chip Set Choose item 6 in the setup menu to select a chip set configuration The screen will show as below ROM SETUP PROGRAM VERSION 2 0 C COPYRIGHT DATATECH ENTERPRISES CO LTD 1990 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED NEAT CHIP SETUP CONFIGURATION 1 SHADOW RAM SYSTEM OFF VIDEO OFF 2 DRAM WAIT STATE ZERO WAIT STATE 3 PAGE INTERLEAVE DISABLE 4 EMS INSTALLED 3 DISABLE t CHANGE ITEM 4 ACCEPT Figure 3 5 NEAT Chip Setup Configuration Screen 18 Chapter 3 Operating Your System SF i amp E Q Keyboard Keyboard In this chapter you will learn the basics of your keyboard and its functions how to adjust your keyboard angles A computer keyboard sends messages from you to the computer It has QWERTY keys Function keys Cursor control keys A numeric keypad Special keys Keyboard indicator lights Chapter 4 Keyboard 1 4 1 Keyboard Layout Currently several of keyboard styles are available for PC AT XT com patible computers The most popular are the PC keyboard the PC AT keyboard and the enhanced keyboard Figure 4 1 below illustrates the basic layout of a typical enhanced keyboard Keyboard Special Keys Indicator Ligh
44. parameters for EMS page register I O base address and frame start address Choose the correct configuration as you desire then press F1 to complete setup You will get a warning if you give an incorrect response For example if you give DOOOH as your frame start segment and shadow RAM in the same area the following message will appear DTK NEAT EMS hardware configuration setup Select the option you want for each item C400H C800H C800H CCOOH CCOOH DOOOH D400H D400H D800H D800H DCOOH DCOOH EOOOH EO00H E400H E400H PAGE REGISTER I O BASE ADDRESS FRAME START ADDRESS 4 to o Fl accept Esc Cannot use as frame This address is allocated for Shadow RAM or ROM enable 12 Chapter 6 Appendix f the installation is complete the following will appear The installation is complete Remove the diskette and press Ctrl Alt Del to restart the system Reboot your system The screen will look like this DTK NEAT Expanded Memory Manager Ver 1 10 1990 C Copyright Datatech Enterprise Co Ltd All Rights Reserved 11060790 User specified PAGE PORT 208H User specified PAGE FRAME D000H Test Expanded Memory Page 128 There are 128 PAGEs for EMS NEMM SYS has been installed Chapter 6 Appendix 13 6 4 Quick Reference for Jumper Settings W1 W6 Bank Selection 1 amp 2 shorted One or two RAM banks 2 amp 3 shorted
45. port F1 Again the data output should be zero 24 Chapter 6 Appendix N Glossary Glossary Some of the terms you will come across frequently in this manual are defined here add on card address ASCII This card connects through expansion slots to the motherboard Also known as an adapter an expansion card or an interface card this is used to increase the capabilities of your computer This is a value that is given to specific memory locations so that data can be read or written Make sure that devices do not have the same address Otherwise there will be an address conflict This is an acronym for the American Standard Code for Information Interchange The ASCII code includes both control and graphic characters and is used for exchang ing information between data processing systems data communication systems and related equipment asynchronous communication A type of information vehicle whereby data can be trans mitted at any time without requiring synchronized timing back up v To make a spare copy of a disk or of a file backup n bank A copy of a disk or file The area on a printed circuit board for RAM chips is usually divided into rows These are called banks Chapter 7 Glossary 1 2 BIOS This stands for Basic Input Output System BIOS con trols the real time clock and disk drives as well as the computer s peripheral equipment bit This is a binary data di
46. r panel has all the connections that lead from the system unit to external peripherals and the power source Turn off all power switches before connecting or disconnecting cables wires En sure that cables wires are attached to the peripheral device first and connect to the outlet unit later Turn the system unit power switch off before you plug the power cable into an electrical outlet Expansion Slot Panels Keyboard Connector Cover Screws Power Supply Fan Voltage Switch power Cord Outlet Monitor Power Outlet Figure 1 7 Rear Panel Chapter 1 System Overview 11 Keyboard Connector The keyboard supplied with your system may be plugged into sockets at the back of the case Plug the keyboard cable into the socket as shown below Keyboard Connector Figure 1 8 Connecting the Keyboard Cable Chapter 1 System Overview 12 Power Cord Connector The power supply has two receptacles one supplies power to a monitor the other connects to the main power source If your monitor power plug does not fit the system unit s monitor power outlet you should plug it into a wall electrical outlet Figure 7 9 System Power Cord Chapter 1 System Overview 13 Display Port You will also need to connect your monitor to the system unit at a female display port in one of the expansion slots as shown on the previous page To attach the monitor cable to the display port plug the cable into the port and screw th
47. r prevents sudden pulses of high electric power spikes from damaging the com puter This appliance is inexpensive and can be pur chased at any computer or electronic hardware store Chapter 5 Troubleshooting m00 00 O Are you using a startup disk Is your disk formatted Is the system configuration correct Are all the external and internal connectors are con nected well Make sure that you are running software compatible with your display port because some softwares program can only run on the MGA display mode Is the power fuse burned out If you have gone through the above checklist and your system still does not function properly check the following pages The following instruc tions will help you solve some common problems However you should be aware that other problems might stem from system software applications or other peripherals Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 5 2 System Error Messages Basically there are three levels of system error messages that you might see displayed on your computer These are related to the software you use The following are the ones most commonly en countered Software error messages are a result of Z Software lockup the application becomes stuck and the cursor will not move When this happens remove your ap plication program from the disk drive unless a hard disk is used and reboot your computer If the problem persists contact your nearest software dealer
48. r system Chapter 3 Operating Your System 1 3 1 An Introduction to DOS DOS stands for Disk Operating System This is a set of commands used to control the operations of a computer and its peripheral com ponents DOS makes it easy for you to use applications and create and manage files on your computer DOS also lets you use devices with the computer Loading DOS Loading DOS means to copy all the DOS programs into the computer s electronic memory You should follow the instructions below to start DOS Starting DOS when the computer is off Insert DOS disk 1 into disk drive A and close the drive lever Z Turn on the computer and respond to the prompts displayed on the monitor Starting DOS when the computer is on If you don t have a DOS disk in your disk drive when you start your computer you will see the following message on the screen following the RAM test Non system disk or disk error Replace and strike any key when ready Then you should nsert DOS disk 1 into disk drive A and close the drive lever Press the reset button on your front panel hardware reset or hold down the Ctrl Alt and Del keys at the same time software reset to reboot your system Starting DOS from your hard disk If you have a hard disk install DOS on the disk Your PC will boot automatically whenever you turn on the power System Messages Refer to your MS DOS User s Guide and Reference manual for infor mation on
49. r to keep files It contains not only your files but also the information on the size of the file and the dates they were created and up dated It is always good to organize all the related files in the same directory diskette This refers to removable data storage disks sometimes also called floppies or floppy disks Diskettes generally come in two sizes 5 25 and 3 5 disk drive A device that stores and retrieves data display The information graphics visible on the monitor screen DOS Disk Operating System This is a set of commands is used to control the operations of a computer and its peripheral components DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory This type of RAM chip differs from Static Random Access Memory SRAM Chapter 7 Glossary 4 driver A program that lets a peripheral device and a computer function harmoniously a hard disk driver controls exchan ges between a hard disk and a computer expansion slot This is a slots in which adapters and or cards can be housed file A file is a collection of related information data you store on a diskette or a hard disk drive filename Each file on a disk has a name This name has two parts a filename and an extension In DOS filenames are from one to eight characters long An extension starts with a period has three characters and follows immediately after the filename fixed or hard disk This is a non removable disk used for storage of large vo
50. rd System Memory A Figure 2 11 2MB Total Onboard System Memory B bre UE 3223 Figure 2 12 3MB Total Onboard System Memory Figure 2 13 4MB Total Onboard System Memory KE PTS ads Figure 2 14 5MB Total Onboard System Memory Figure 2 15 Installing ROM a Figure 2 1 6 Unpacking Your Main System a Figure 2 1 7 Connecting to a Power Supply Chapter 3 Operating Your System Figure 3 1 Initial Screen Figure 3 2 Set Up System Configuration Screen Figure 3 3 Preformat Hard Disk Screen Figure 3 4 Calculator Figure 3 5 NEAT Chip Setup Configuration Screen f Chapter 4 Keyboard Figure 4 1 Keyboard Layout Figure 4 2 Function Keys Figure 4 3 Numeric Keypad oe mw Site 2 558 Figure 4 4 Indicator Lights xo voy ce ine RR Figure 4 5 Special Keys Figure 4 6 QWERTY Figure 4 7 Cursor Keys Figure 4 8 Adjustment of Keyboard Angles Chapter 6 Appendix Figure 6 1 Installing a 5 25 Disk Drive Figure 6 2 Screwing the 5 25 Disk Drives Figure 6 3 Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive oe ke Figure 6 4 Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive to an FDC Card Figure 6 5 Connecting a Hard Disk Drive Figure 6 6 Connecting a Hard Disk Drive to an HDC Card wA AS Figure 6 7 Cables for Disk Drives Figure 6 8 Installing a 3 5 Disk Dri
51. rd manuals or peripheral manuals to determine which ports are to be used Your may consult your dealer for more about the expan sion cards available for your system Typical peripherals are shown as the figure below Laser Printer Figure 1 12 System Unit Connected to Peripherals 16 Chapter 1 System Overview 1 10 Disk Drives Your disk drive displays different kinds of composition by installing 5 25 or 3 5 size of floppy or hard disk drives You can decide the composition according to your need More information about how to install disk drives may be found in Chapter 6 Figure 1 13 Installing Floppy and Hard Disk Drives Chapter 1 System Overview 17 Floppy Disks With a floppy disk drive you can format and use double sided or single sided double density or high density floppy disks One double sided double density 5 25 floppy disk can store up to 360KB of data One double sided high density 5 25 floppy disk can store up to 1 2MB of data One standard 3 5 floppy disk can store up to 720KB of data One high density 3 5 floppy disk can store up to 1 44MB of data Quality Tracks Per Inch 525 Double Density 4B TRI 360 KB 720 KB DD DS RH T 96TPI 1 2 MB 1 44 MB Table 1 2 Floppy Disk Specifications Note Only high density floppy disks can be formatted to high capacities of either 1 2M for 5 25 or 1 44M for 3 5 floppy disks You may lose data if you
52. river follow the steps below Hold down the Esc key to enter the setup program Choose item 6 to enter the NEAT Chip Setup Configuration menu From this menu you may enable EMS and select EMS size Refer to the BIOS manual for details Note If you only have one megabyte onboard memory you must disable the shadow RAM function first in order to use 384K extended memory as expanded memory Chapter 6 Appendix Insert the EMS driver diskette into drive A and enter a e Enter this command INSTALL You will see the following screen This program installs the NEAT EMS driver on your hard disk Press Esc key to quit any other key to continue installation The next screen will be as below if you continue setup Enter the path name for the location of NEMM SYS C ANNEMS Press Esc key to quit any other key to continue installation Indicate the path name where NEMM SYS is to be located If you want the program to create a directory with the default name NEMS on your hard drive press the Enter key Otherwise type in the path and directory name of your choice Chapter 6 Appendix 11 A screen like the following will appear DTK NEAT EMS hardware configuration setup Select the option you want for each item 208H 209H PAGE REGISTER 1 0 218H 219H BASE ADDRESS 258H 259H 268H 269H FRAME START ADDRESS 4 2A8H 2A9H 2B8H 2B9H 2E8H 2E9H Fl accept Esc Indicate two
53. sing the wrong key If the problem occurs again go over the same procedure If the problem persists contact your software dealer System does not boot This can be caused by defective hardware or a faulty system disk Turn off your computer and try again If unsuccessful try using your backup system disk because your working disk may be damaged If the problem persists you might have a hardware problem You should contact the dealer from whom you purchased your computer Monitor displays garbled unrecognizable Characters on the screen This usually indicates the monitor is set to an incorrect baud rate Ask your computer dealer the correct baud rate for the computer s output board Locate the baud rate switches on your monitor and reset the baud rate Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 5 6 5 3 System BIOS Error Messages ROM BIOS Checksum Error Indicates an invalid ROM BIOS failure 8254 Error Indicates an 8254 timer controller failure 8237 Error Indicates an 8237 DMA controller failure 74612 Error Indicates a 74612 page register failure 8259 Error Indicates an 8259 interrupt controller failure 8742 Error Indicates an 8742 controller failure Check Battery Indicates a system backup battery disconnection or power loss RTC Checksum Error Indicates that the system memory refresh function does not work Refresh Indicator Error Indicates that the system memory refresh does not work Base 84K Memor
54. sk for MS DOS With the FDISK command you can create a primary partition create an extended partition ichange the active partition idelete an partition display partition data and select the next fixed disk drive for partitioning on a system with multiple fixed disks If your hard disk is 40MB you may have partitions of up to 33MB in size 33MB is the maximum space for a partition allowed by DOS For more information about how to use creating DOS partition see Appendix D in MS DOS User s Guide and Reference Chapter 3 Operating Your System Step 3 Format The DOS command Format verifies the media and moves the system file onto the hard disk drive The command should be keyed in as A gt FORMAT C S if you have two partition you have to format D in DOS prompt The command should be keyed in as A gt FORMAT D If you want to use the partition 1 drive C to start DOS you have to specify the S option when formatting the disk You can use this system disk to boot your system later Note that you don t need to perform this procedure if you want to use new partition for other operating systems like Xenix Novell or Unix Refer to their manuals for details Chapter 3 Operating Your System 9 3 4 Helpful Hints The following may save you some time or help you as you use your computer Z Make copies of your diskettes regularly Z To make sure that a command works you should Check y
55. special keys on your keyboard SS Print Scroll Lock CK YY Page e a t Page Down m e one e 6 M 0 5 Figure 4 5 Special M Check out the above key functions in the table below and in Table 4 1 De Rien Pressing this key together with the shift key will print all data on the screen With Scroli Lock activated you can move text vertically in line units Pressing this key halts the current operation pressing it again allows the operation to continue Moves the cursor for corrections but the line is not deleted from memory Skips to new line Used with alphanumeric keys to enter BASIC key words E Used with another key to execute a command Table 4 2 Functions of Special Keys Chapter 4 Keyboard QWERTY Keys These are the same keys which are used on a typewriter Performs a tab function similar to that of a typewriter Changes lowercase letters to capitals Moves cursor back one space and erases characters Pressing this key activates uppercase letters pressing it again activates lowercase letters Table 4 3 Functions of Special QWERTY Keys Chapter 4 Keyboard 7 8 Cursor Keys These keys move the cursor in the indicated direction Figure 4 7 Cursor Keys Key Combinations The keys shown below have special functions when pressed simul taneously
56. system messages Chapter 3 Operating Your System 3 2 DOS Operations Following is a brief explanation of a few DOS functions If you want a detailed explanation of all the DOS commands refer to your DOS user manual Starting MS DOS If you are using a hard disk with DOS already installed the computer will boot or start itself If you are using a floppy disk drive insert the DOS system disk in drive A and switch on your computer You will see a message similar to the following Current date is Fri 01 01 1990 Enter new date MM DD YY For the new date key in the month day and year separated by hyphens Press lt Enter gt Time is displayed and corrected as follows Current time is O 02 15 00 Enter new time 2 20 Your computer is now booted and ready to run application programs Chapter 3 Operating Your System 3 Formatting Disk You must format a floppy disk before it can be used Formatting high density disk To format a high density disk type the following at the drive prompt C gt Format A lt Enter gt After your disk has been formatted you will see the following prompt Format another diskette Y N Press N if you do have nothing else to be formatted Fomatting a low density disk To format a lowdensity disk type the following at the drive prompt C gt Format A 4 lt Enter gt After your disk has been formatted you will see the following prompt Format another diskette
57. t I O devices to this computer You are cautioned that changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate the equipment This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the radio interference regula tions of the Canadian Department of Communication Le Pr sent appareil num rique n met pas de bruits radio lectriques d passant les limites applicables aux appareils num riques de Class B preescrites dans le r glement sur le brouillage radio lectrique dict parle Minist re des Communications du Canada Warning Reconfiguring To keep the computer from being damaged NEVER recon figure the board while the power is ON f you wish to reconfigure the computer at any time ensure that the power is turned OFF before changing any hardware set tings such as DIP switches or jumpers Contents Chapter 1 System Overview 1 l I INtrOGUCTION iuo en edo eA eR ek ele me deal 2 Operating System sa ee ee es 2 I2 QuickStart lt a uei de RE Rue ed mois 3 l S Featul68S 4 i o vani Uh x e E EUR ORAE EU 4 4 Specifications Sansa s Ue wb NN t 5 l 5 Example of a System Configuration 6 l 5 Systemllnit sv Re See eee heey ee ee he 7 l 7 Control a
58. tem BIOS controls the real time clock disk drives and the computer s peripheral equipment Refer to the Figure 2 5 for the location of jumper W7 and BIOS chips For selection and installation of the ROM BIOS chips refer to the table below and the figure on the next page Type of Type of ROM BIOS ROM chip Configuration Jumper W7 DTK BIOS any other 27256 x 2 U39 High byte of 64KB size U40 Low byte Other BIOS U39 High byte of 32KB size 2 128x2 U40 Low byte Table 2 4 Jumper Settings for Different Types of BIOS 18 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 27256 128 U39 27256 128 omm Burn o D Figure 2 15 Installing ROM If you are not sure what BIOS chips you have you may need to consult your dealer for the right chips Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 19 2 2 Installation The time may come when you want to upgrade your system To do so you may need to remove the cover of the unit This is easily ac complished with the following tools a small flat blade screwdriver and a small Philips screwdriver Be sure that the power to the system is switched OFF before you open the case Your computer interior is as below Figure 2 16 Unpacking Your Main System 20 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 2 3 Connection to Power Supply If your power supply has not been attached to your motherboard you may need to attach the power supply cable to the mainboard
59. ts Function Keys QWERTY Key Area Cursor Control Numeric Keys Keypad Figure 4 1 Keyboard Layout 2 Chapter 4 Keyboard 4 2 Getting Acquainted with Your Keyboard Before you begin using your computer you should become familiar with some keyboard functions Your keyboard is divided into six sections Refer to the previous page for the layout The following gives an explanation of these keys Function Keys These are located on the left or at the top of the keyboard Function keys have specially defined uses preassigned by the software you use They are used independently or in combination with other keys ellie Figure 4 2 Function Keys Numeric Keypad This is located on the right of the keyboard At the center of the keypad are nine numeric keys These keys are used to move the cursor as well as to enter numbers when either the Caps Lock key or Num Lock key is pressed Refer to the figure below Figure 4 3 Numeric Keypad Chapter 4 Keyboard Turns on and off the numeric mode on the numeric keypad Used for division operations Used for multiplication operations Used for subtraction operations Activating Num Lock makes 7 operative Home returns cursor to the beginning of the line it is on Activating Num Lock makes 8 operative Otherwise the up cursor key is active Activating Num Lock makes 9 operative Otherwise page up is active Used for addition operations Activating Num Loc
60. use a low density floppy disk formatted for high density You can t use a high density disk in a low density disk drive 18 Chapter 1 System Overview Copy Protection You can copy protect a floppy disk to prevent accidental storage of information or viral infection onto that disk by covering the notch on the side of a 5 25 floppy disk with a write protect tab or by sliding the small tab on a 3 5 floppy disk to expose the hole Refer to the figures below for how to copy protect floppy disks When a disk is copy protected you cannot add new information to it or change any information on it To enable copying to the disk remove the copy protecting tab on a 5 25 floppy disk or slide the tab to show the hole on a 3 5 floppy disk or Copy Protected Unprotected Figure 1 14 Copy Protection for a 3 5 Floppy Disk Figure 1 15 Copy Protection for a 5 25 Floppy Disk Chapter 1 System Overview 19 Hard Disks Your system is very powerful and versatile To make full use of all its capabilities it is best to use a hard disk A hard disk can raise your efficiency because the hard disk keeps programs and data available at your fingertips Moreover your system gives you a wide range of half high or full high hard disk s of 3 5 or 5 25 to meet your needs 20 Chapter 1 System Overview 1 11 Keyboard Your keyboard has a set of function keys cursor keys and a numeric keypad Th
61. ut how to assemble knocked down system how to upgrade your system Setting up a system is easy and takes only a short time If your dealer has set up your system for you you can skip this chapter With the system set up you are now ready to load your application software and begin work This chapter covers topics you are less likely to need to know right away You may also skip this chapter unless you want to add to or alter your system unit hardware yourself It is recommended to have your dealer or technician upgrade your system if you are a novice Ensure that the power is off before modifying the hardware configuration Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 1 2 2 1 Motherboard The motherboard contains an Intel 80386SX 20 processor a 80387SX math coprocessor socket BIOS chips and expansion slots These parts of your system that you can see and touch are called hardware Below is an illustration of the board layout 1 J7 GO 9 o DRTORARARRRRRARRRARRACARRRARRARRARARAD SUES PROD ED OHNO RS Rechargable Batte Keyboard Connector J8 J110000020 1 2009995 92 Eas 45555 rra 5 J6 Figure 2 1 Motherboard Layout Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System 803865 CPU Your system uses an Intel 80386SX 20 microprocessor running at 20MHz The 80386SX has a number of features that enable a substan tial leap in processing power and capability over the 80286 standard used in AT type microcomputers
62. ve Figure 6 9 Screwing the 3 5 Disk Drives Figure 6 10 62 Pin Expansion Bus 1 0 Channels Figure 6 11 36 Pin Expansion Bus I O Channels CO n5 List of Tables Chapter 1 System Overview Table 1 1 Power Cord Specifications 15 Table 1 2 Floppy Disk Specifications 18 Chapter 2 Setting Up Your System Table 2 1 Math Coprocessor Jumper W9 Table 2 2 Settings of Jumpers W1 W6 Table 2 3 Total Onboard System Memory Size Table 2 4 Jumper Settings for Different pes of BIOS Table 2 5 Power Supply Pinouts OO co co 4 Chapter 4 Keyboard Table 4 1 Functions of Numeric Keypad Keys Table 4 2 Functions of Special Keys Table 4 3 Functions of Special QWERTY Keys Table 4 4 Special Functions A Chapter 6 Appendix Table 6 1 Channel Gals Gh he ak decir 10 Table 6 2 Channel 1T uo 99 vox OX Xo vox ake a 18 Table 6 3 2 18 Table 6 4 Interrupt Level Assignment 18 Table 6 5 DMA Channels LIPS Table 6 6 I O Hex Address 22 Table 6 7 DMA Channel 3 Through O 22 Table 6 8 DMA Channel 7 Through5 22 XI About This Manual XII What s Inside Here s what you ll find in this manual Chapter 1 System Overview gets you acquainted with the basic concepts of your system
63. w different options and select from them If you want to exit a current screen you may press lt Esc gt or select the exit item of the screen The following are some examples of setup program screens you will see in using the program 14 Chapter 3 Operating Your System 1 Setting Up System Configuration If you choose item 1 from the screen on the previous page to configure your system the following will appear ROM SETUP PROGRAM VERSION 2 0 C COPYRIGHT DATATECH ENTERPRISES CO LTD 1990 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED SET UP SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CURRENT DATE 04 26 1990 CURRENT TIME 05 30 00 COPROCESSOR 1 1 BASE MEMORY 640 EXTENDED MEMORY 1280 KB DISKETTE DRIVE A 1 2 M DISKETTE DRIVE B NO FIXED DISK TYPE 40 MFM FIXED DISK TYPE D NO NONE PRIMARY DISPLAY CARD MGA EXIT CHOOSE ITEM NUMBER CHANGE ITEM l ACCEPT Figure 3 2 Set Up System Configuration Screen Once you have entered all appropriate information and exited by choosing item 9 you will be asked to confirm that the configuration data are correct If at a later date you alter the configuration of your system you will need to go through the program again and make the appropriate changes Chapter 3 Operating Your System 15 2 Preformatting Hard Disk If you want to preformat your hard disks reenter the setup progr
64. y Error Indicates that the system s first 64K memory does not work FDC Error User Check Indicates that the floppy diskette controller does not work FDD Seek Failure Indicates a failure of the floppy diskette drive seek operation Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Keyboard Error User Check Indicates the disconnection of the keyboard from the sys tem or a keyboard device failure Parity Error but Segment not Found Press any Key to Continue Indicates that the NMI circuit has detected a RAM parity error System Memory Mismatch Run SETUP Indicates a mismatch of memory size in the CMOS RAM and onboard You need to run the setup program Display Card Mismatch Run SETUP Indicates a mismatch of a record in the CMOS RAM and onboard You need to run the setup program Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 7 Chapter 6 dix Appen Appendix This chapter provides I technical information jumper settings in your system information on moving your computer This manual is not a technical reference manual however this chapter provides some technical information about your system If you need more information you can go to a technical library or bookstore to find technical reference books Chapter 6 Appendix 1 6 1 Installing Disk Drives Three 5 25 floppy hard disk drives and two 3 5 floppy hard disk drives may be installed in the system unit Installation of a hard disk is essentially the sa

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