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ADTRAN Express L768 User's Manual

1. IP NAT 29 58 IP proxy ARP 32 IP RIP 28 59 IP route 58 IP static routes 27 IP subnet mask 26 IP UDP relay 31 IPX filter defines 47 IPX map active 52 IPX map IARP 53 IPX map link network 53 IPX menu 33 IPX router 8 IPX routes 75 IPX routing 9 IPX servers 75 IPX frame type 34 IPX mode 33 60 IPX network 33 IPX remote network 60 IPX RIP timer 34 IPX SAP timer 35 IPX seed status 34 IPX triggered 60 IPX type 20 packets 60 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 123 Index L L2 protocol 25 LAN bridge 7 LAN connection 14 LAN port 39 LAN port active 39 LAN port path cost 40 LAN port priority 40 LAN stats 76 LEDs 10 log messages 91 logs menu 17 79 logs connection log 80 logs network log 81 logs PPP log 79 logs sys log host 79 loop status messages 89 M MAC addresses 7 MAC bridging 8 MAC filter defines 45 maint port baud rate 68 maint port data bits 69 maint port parity 69 maint port password 68 maint port password protect 68 maint port stop bits 69 maintenance port 68 maintenance protocol 49 management 65 management maint port 68 management SNMP 67 management Telnet 65 maximum age 39 menu commands 105 menu structure 15 MIB 99 mode 9 24 N NAT 8 29 30 NAT mode 9 NAT Default IP 30 NAT DHCP mode 29 NAT DHCP renewal time 29 NAT web server 29 NEBE 25 NEBEs 25 network connection HDSL 13 network device GetResponse 100 network interface 87 network log 81
2. Message Text message for this event If message is too long to fit on the line another event appears below it continuing the message Connection Log Clear This clears the log when activated Logs Network Log Information pertaining to the routing protocols is placed in this log Network Log Active When set to Yes def call events below or equal the log level are logged into the log Network Log Wrap When set to Yes def new Network events will overwrite old Network events when the log is full All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 81 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Network Log Level In order to log events they must be at or below this level Range is 0 to 6 The default is 3 Network Log View This menu displays the log list The fields are as follows Date Time Date and time event occurred Level Level associated with this event 0 6 Message Text message for this event If message is too long to fit on the line another event appears below it continuing the message Network Log Clear This clears the log when activated 82 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure UTILITIES MENU The Express L768 L1 5 has utilities embedded init to help in managing and testing the network and to facilitate software upgrades Figure 3 14 shows the Utilities menu
3. Simple Network Monitoring Protocol LE EE Stored Program Controlled Switching System SPID RE Service Profile Identifier TCP imet Transmission Control Protocol TEL mS Terminal Endpoint Identifier AAA Trivial File Transfer Protocol UDP e User Datagram Protocol WAN Wide Area Network ZIP Zone Information Protocol 120 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Numerics 10 base T interface 104 2047 loopback 78 A address table 41 address table aging 41 address table forward policy 41 ADTRAN frame port 768 6 agent 99 100 applications frame relay connectivity to ADT RAN frame port 768 6 single user to corporate LAN 5 SOHO to corporate LAN 7 ARP cache 73 authentication 42 56 with Express XL XLT as authentica tor 56 authentication Rx password 57 authentication Rx username 57 authentication Tx method 57 authentication Tx password 57 authentication Tx username 57 baud rate 68 bridge 61 bridge group 1 40 bridge group 1 active 40 bridge group 1 path cost 40 Index bridge group 1 priority 40 bridge group 2 active 40 bridge group 2 path cost 41 bridge group 2 priority 41 bridge map active 53 bridge map bridge group 53 bridge menu 36 bridge mode 8 bridge table 74 bridge address table 41 bridge mode 36 61 bridge spanning tree 38 bridge WAN IP bridge 36 bridge WAN IPX bridge 37 bridging 8 concurrent routing and bridging 9 demand 8 C call log messages 94 channel rate 24 CHAP 44 57 command line
4. Telnet server could not be started due to TCP socket error TFTP can t get to host level 2 TFTP client could not get to host 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 97 Appendix B Log Messages TFTP client unable to open port level 2 TFTP client function could not open a UDP port TFTP error rcvd message level 2 Received error with message from TFTP server TFTP lost communication level 2 Lost communication to TFTP client or server during transfer TFTP server unable to open port level 2 TFTP server function could not open a UDP port 98 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix C SNMP Understanding SNMP As Local Area Network LAN environments became standardized over the past ten years multi vendor equipment grew with competition It became necessary to manage the various vendor equipment from a single control con sole Thus the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP emerged as the de facto standard for managing commercial Transmission Control Proto col Internet Protocol TCP IP networks The term SNMP broadly refers to the message protocols used to exchange in formation between the network and the managed devices as well as to the structure of network management databases SNMP has three basic compo nents e Network Manager This is a control program that collects controls and presents data pertinent to the operation of the network devices I
5. ities Telnet Client Host telclient bad init level 2 Telnet client could not initialize a session Telnet Client Clr TCBF BUFFER flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function Telnet Client Set TCBF DONTBLOCK flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function Telnet Client socket failed level 2 Telnet client function could not open TCP socket Telnet server connect to ip level 4 Telnet server has connected to Telnet client with IP address ip 96 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix B Log Messages Telnet Session Closed level 4 Telnet server has closed connection Telnet Session failed error errnum level 2 Telnet server could not connect to Telnet client due to error TELNETD accept failed level 2 Telnet server could not open TCP socket to incoming Telnet client TELNETD Set TCPC LISTENQ failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet server function TELNETD Clr TCBF BUFFER flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function TELNETD could not obtain peer ip level 2 Telnet server function could not get IP address of Telnet client TELNETD Session failed error level 2 A Telnet server session has failed because of an error TELNETD Set TCBF DONTBLOCK flag failed level 6 Debugging message related to Telnet client function TELNETD SOCKET creation error level 2
6. A setting of No means that the IPX network is to be assigned to the link statically using the IPX Map Link Network parameter The Express L768 L1 5 will always re spond to Inverse ARP requests IPX Map Link Network Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the IPX network of the link or of the other device s LAN When this DLCI becomes active the Express L768 L1 5 will add a route to this network in the IPX routing table This address is also used by the Express L768 L1 5 to respond to Inverse ARP requests If this IPX address is left as 0 the link is treated as unnumbered and the Express L768 L1 5 responds to the Inverse ARP with its Ethernet IPX address DLCI Mapping Bridge Map This menu is used to permit bridging of packets over this DLCI Each DLCI or virtual circuit must be assigned a bridge group The bridge group treats all virtual circuits as one circuit Bridge packets destined to be transmitted out a particular bridge group are copied and transmitted individually out each DLCIin the bridge group However incoming bridge packets received from one DLCI are not retransmitted out the other DLCIs in the same bridge group Any device in the bridge group must transmit to each DLCI This requires a fully meshed circuit meaning each device has a virtual circuit to each other Bridge Map Active Write security 3 Read security 5 When this is set to Yes def the Express L768 L1 5 will bridge packets to and from this DLCI Bridge pack
7. ICMP uc Internet Control Message Protocol ID nes Identification IETF Internet Engineering Task Force Le AA Input Output IP lisse Internet Protocol 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 119 Acronyms IPCP ccso Internet Protocol Control Protocol US GE Internetwork Packet Exchange EE uere Integrated Injected Logic IEC ee Inter Exchange Carrier ISDN Integrated Services Due Network ISO ieu International Standardization Organization ISP ms Internet Service Provider kbps Kilobits per second KHz Kilohertz LAN EE Local Area Network AAA Link Control Protocol LON cocaina Local Directory Number MAC Media Access Control MIB mitosis Management Information Base MP eun Multilink Protocol MRU Maximum Receivable Unit MRRU Maximum Receivable Reconstructable Unit NBP eee Name Binding Protocol NEBE uni Near End Block Errors NIC Network Interface Card NET aueh National ISDN 1 NUT traen Network Termination PBX Private Branch Exchange NEE Personal Computer PING Packet InterNet Groper POTS es Plain Old Telephone Service PPP Point to Point Protocol PRI ems Primary Rate Interface REC e riiseg Request For Comments RIP ues Routing Information Packet Routing Information Protocol RTME Routing Table Maintenance Protoco SAP ien Service Advertising Protocol SNMP
8. PPP Log Cledt trt it pente ab tine er 80 Logs Connection Log 5er esteso ides adit cei EH PCR Tra e 80 Connection Log Active En 80 Connection Log Wrap EE 81 Connection Log Eevel 2 25 1 rrt ette ete t eremi tuts 81 Connection Log View eere nete rette ie Deinen renean 81 Connection T02 Cle r 5 uere ee metet eterne 81 Logs Ne twork Lag oder rere pr ente re nre ice eid ener ere i nee veces 81 Network Log ACUVE iesi er ase i Eie ennt 81 Network Log WIAP erraten oai e ie ASE eana E EaR nara a aitei E 81 Network Log Level sirare tette Phe cere dE 82 Network Log View eee ese ERE Da iere iae 82 Network Log Clear ter nri nter sa 82 Utilities Med odio rmn UU ODER aiio 83 Utilities Ping soi acr tert ren e i mto veces ro e duree ete 83 U hties TelnetC lient iue nie tte ee obe iced ee Ce he Dee e ee er Ee thes 84 Utilities Upgrade Menu etiem Pot e d tee Penta 84 Upgrade Transfer Methoden 84 Upgrade TFETP Host mene eerte een ei e llt 84 psgrade Filename eerte tenter reete e ee eda seine 84 vi Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Table of Contents eo ee TEEN 84 pgrade Start Transfer ccnanoctt onere ip e EXP teen 85 Upgrade Abort Transfer nennen 85 Upegrade LETP SetVet eerte terere teet 85 Utilities Exit ees eA e tee ep Pallet eese eerie haeres 85 Chapter 4 Specification sssrin rsrsrsrs orere res erous tette ENSEN tente tuse EEES SSE entes 87 Specifications and
9. is set to On def RIP Protocol Write security 3 Read security 5 The Express L768 L1 5 can perform version 1 V1 def or version 2 V2 of RIP on this WAN connection RIP Method Write security 3 Read security 5 Split Horizon Only routes not learned on the WAN connection are advertised Poison Reverse def All routes are advertised including routes learned from the WAN connection These routes are poisoned None All routes are advertised including routes learned from the WAN connection No attempt is made to poison these routes RIP Direction Write security 3 Read security 5 Tx and Rx def RIP advertisements are transmitted and listened to on the WAN connection Tx only RIP advertisements are transmitted and not listened to Rx only RIP advertisements are listened to but not transmitted 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 59 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure RIP Triggered Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to Yes only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing table has changed and learned routes are not aged When set to No def updates are sent periodically PPP Profile IPX The IPX menu contains the parameters for exchanging IPX data with the PPP peer IPX Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 Setting to On def will permit this connection profile to negotiate PPP IPXCP with the PPP peer for exchanging of IPX packets IPX Remote Ne
10. the Express L768 L1 5 will answer the request with its own hardware address If set to No the Express L768 L1 5 will only respond to ARP requests received for its own IP address 32 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration IPX The IPX menu is used to set up the IPX parameters for the Express L768 L1 5 Any general IPX related configuration item can be found under this menu Figure 3 5 shows the IPX menu Express L1 5 Conf igurat ion IPX System Info Mode On WAN Network 66 66 66 66 IP Frame Type Ether Type II Seed Status Non Seed Br idge RIP Timer 16 186 66 Security SAP Timer 16 186 66 Frame Relay PPP Profile Management MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z help 11 33 IPX Mode Figure 3 5 Configuration IPX Screen Write security 2 Read security 5 When this option is set to On def the Express L768 L1 5 will route IPX Set ting it to Off will disable all IPX functionality IPX Network Write security 2 Read security 5 The IPX network address for the Ethernet port is set here This is an eight digit hexadecimal value that uniquely identifies the network segment of the Ether net port Accidental selection of an IPX network which is already in use on an other network segment may cause hard to diagnose problems IPX network numbers should be carefully tracked 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User M
11. Features spinenie tiee eeen oE nennen nennen 87 Network Interface sananen dee eer 87 Ethernet Interface LAN 87 Displays diese ope beim ash duele eapite eebe 87 Environmental cene ette eene Ee inane certe dns 87 Physical eet ett tertie titi Hia ot hie e esent 87 e 87 Appendix A Loop Status Messages eese eerte teinte tn tata snos tn tnn 89 Appendix B Log Messages ococonoooononononincncnonononononocononononononononononononononoronononononororonononononos 91 Appendix C SNMP eaor 99 Appendix D Connector Pinout oonocononononononononincnononononononononononononononononononononororonononononos 103 Appendix E Terminal Mode Commandis eese tentent tntntnn 105 G OSSALY 109 jn 119 nig 121 61202192L1 1 Express L768 11 5 User Manual vii Table of Contents viii Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 List of Figures Figure 1 1 Express DEE E 4 Figure 1 2 Single User to Corporate LAN een 5 Figure 1 3 Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 768 6 Figure 1 4 SOHO to Corporate LAN en 7 Figure 1 5 Express L768 L1 5 Front Panels sese 10 Figure 1 6 Express L768 L1 5 Rear Panel sse 11 Figure 3 1 Top Level Terminal Menu 16 Figure 3 2 Configuration Syste
12. L1 5 s firmware can be upgraded using this menu Upgrade Transfer Method The two methods for upgrading are TFTP and XMODEM TFTP requires a TFTP server running somewhere on the network The Express L768 L1 5 starts a TFTP client function which gets the upgrade code from the TFTP serv er Selecting XMODEM will load the upgrade code through the maintenance port using any PC terminal emulator with xmodem capability Upgrade TFTP Host This is required when the transfer method is TFIP It is the IP address or do main name if DNS is configured of the TFTP server Upgrade Filename This is required when the transfer method is TFTP It is the case sensitive file name which is the upgrade code Upgrade Status This appears when TFTP is used It displays the status of the transfer as it hap pens Any error or success message will be displayed here 84 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Upgrade Start Transfer This activator is used when the configurable items in this menu are complete Once started the Express L768 L1 5 Vip Add for erasing the flash When the flash is erased and the upgrade transfer fails do not turn off the unit Retry the transfer until successful Otherwise if power is removed before upgrade has finished the up NOTE grade will have to occur from the maintenance port using XMODEM If this happens set a PC terminal emulation program to 9600 baud
13. L768 L1 5 User Manual 49 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure NOTE NOTE When more than one DLCI mapping is listed the Express L768 L1 5 will try to match the DLCIs learned from the Frame Relay switch with the DLCI values in the map If there is a match the protocols specified in the map are used However if an active DLCI is not in the list it looks for an entry that has 0 in the DLCI field This entry is considered the default entry to use when no match occurs If this default entry is not present the Express L768 L1 5 falls back to using IARP as in the previous paragraph to determine the protocols to use with that particular virtual circuit If a static maintenance protocol is used at least one DLCI mapping must be specified To insert a new profile press the I key when over the Num column A new inserted profile will always be set up with the default parameters To copy parameters from an old profile to this newly inserted profile use the copy C and paste P keys Entire configuration trees can be copied with this method To delete an unused profile use the D key when the cursor is over the number in the Num column Once deleted the profile is gone permanently as soon as the DLCI Map ping is saved Items may be deleted when DEL appears below the status bar DLCI Mapping Active Write security 3 Read security 5 When this parameter is set to Yes def the mapping is used to determine the protocols used I
14. T1 service directly to the pub lic D4 channel banks began to be used for T1 in corporate network topogra phies for voice The advances in computer development also created a demand for T1 data communication which now is a large part of the T1 traffic T1 is a digital service that is delivered to the user over two pairs of wires from the service provider The signal operates at 1 544 Mbps and is usually extend ed by repeaters that are installed about every mile after the first 6000 feet The T1 signal is divided into 24 time slots DS0s which operate at 64 kbps Each time slot is occupied by digitized voice or by data HDSL Overview T1 service traditionally has been delivered from the service provider with an office repeater over metallic facilities with an alternate mark inversion AMI scheme If the customer is beyond 3000 feet a T1 loop repeater is used with ad ditional repeaters spaced at 6000 feet 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 13 Chapter 2 Installation A new technology has been developed for the telcos for delivery of T1 service The technology is known as high bit rate digital subscriber line HDSL HDSL employs a 2B1Q modulation technique across the same types of pairs traditionally encountered with metallic T1 delivery systems HDSL satisfies the telco distance requirements without the use of repeaters LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONNECTION The Express L768 L1 5 has a 10BaseT connector that provides half dupl
15. V2 Secret eei eere Radovic detector ec RE e 29 I BIN EE MEE DEE 29 NATZDEGP Mocde 2 ette e teo hte eb bee ere eoe be i des 29 NAT DHCP Renewal Time 29 INAT Web S EtVet eerte n t eR e t E ED EIE 29 NAT DetatultIB ette tees eat ipei dh te be eie 30 INPUNE METH RR 30 DNS Domain NaMe a 3 none eee toc soba in iet posee et PUER bea PT 30 PNS Server EE 30 DNS S rver EE 30 IP UDP Relay npe neg o ed d een ies 31 UDP RelayZMOde rtt tenet ente reete entes 31 ii Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Table of Contents UDP Relay UDP Relay List un 31 UDP Relay List Relay Address eee 31 UDP Relay List UDP Port Type 31 UDP Relay List UDP Port 1 UDP Port 2 UDP Port 3 31 DT ORY ARP asit tnt A eno CUR Ma e bao dba ators Cornifiguration 4 DX aerei etico d tet ade e e beoe tis TEX MOC vi ihe ets deett reete te eee debt Doll eee eee ese eese de eee eei IPX Network EE JE Frame Large ntt tt eret tre rentrer it e erede lED Gerea RE EE IPX RIP RE EA EN DK EE Configuration Bdee een Bridg MoOde 2 enit reete rte miei ert eret EEN Pa WAN IP Bridge 5e isi inerea koi asteisiin iea ere sd leds AN IP Bridge Network du WAN IP Bridge Netmask WAN IP Bridge Triggered WAN IP DUE Proxys ARD iieri testet iter rie e tude sects 37 Pa WAN IPX Bridge ies et hpe ne 37 AN IPX Bridge EE HQ 38 WAN IPX Bridge Frame Type EE
16. address of SNMP manager If set to 0 0 0 0 any SNMP manager can access the Express L768 L1 5 for this community 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 67 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure NOTE SNMP Traps The Express L768 L1 5 can generate SNMP traps See Appendix C on page 99 for trap types supported This list allows up to four managers to be listed to receive traps Traps Manager Name Write security 2 Read security 4 This is the text string describing the name of the entry It is intended for easy reference and has no bearing on the SNMP trap function Traps Manager IP Write security 2 Read security 4 This is the IP address of the manager that is to receive the traps Management Maint Port The Express L768 L1 5 has an EIA 232 connector on the back of the unit The setup for that port is under this menu Maint Port Password Protect Write security 0 Read security 1 When set to No the maintenance port is not password protected When On def the Express L768 L1 5 will prompt for a password upon startup Maint Port Password Write security 0 Read security 1 This is the text string that is used for comparison when password protecting the maintenance port By default no password is entered The security level for the maintenance port is always set to 0 This gives full access to all menus Maint Port Baud Rate Write security 5 Read security 5 This is the asynchronous ra
17. and attach to the Express L768 L1 5 s maintenance port Press Return to display a simple terminal menu for upgrad ing This menu appears when the flash code has been erased or is corrupt The menu will also appear if you power up with the back panel switch one in the up position Upgrade Abort Transfer Use this activator to cancel any TFTP transfer in progress Upgrade TFTP Server Setting this to Yes allows another Express L768 L1 5 to upgrade its code using TFTP client This in effect turns on the Express L768 L1 5 TFTP server func tion and allows its code to be cloned Setting to No def will deny any re quest from TFTP clients Utilities Exit Write security 5 Read security 5 Activating this feature will exit the terminal session from the maintenance port or Telnet It is equivalent to the key combination Control L 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 85 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure 86 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 4 Specifications SPECIFICATIONS AND FEATURES This section describes the standard specifications and features incorporated in the Express L768 L1 5 Network Interface e RJ 45 for HDSL two wire Express L768 or four wire Express L1 5 ser vice e Signal Format 2B1Q e Max distance per loop 8000 feet at 26 AWG Ethernet Interface LAN Ethernet TEEE 802 3 10BaseT Display Available through terminal interface or Telnet session En
18. interface in the data portion of the packet The IPX Router Specification from Novell notes that Type 20 packets should not be propagated across slow er links with bandwidths of less than 1Mbps like ISDN However when set to Pass def the Express L768 L1 5 will allow these packets to propagate over the WAN connection This facilitates dial on demand applications When set to Block all Type 20 packets are not propagated across the WAN connection PPP Profile Bridge The Bridge menu contains the parameters needed for exchanging bridged packets with the PPP peer Bridge Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to On def the Express L768 L1 5 will attempt to negotiate PPP BCP with the PPP peer Bridging can be used even in route mode only if the PPP peer cannot support certain PPP protocols for that particular routing pro tocol See Bridge WAN IP Bridge on page 36 and Bridge WAN IPX Bridge on page 37 for further details PPP Profile PPP The Express L768 L1 5 supports the IETF standards for the Point to Point Pro tocol The PPP state machine running in the Express L768 L1 5 can be fine tuned to support many applications that can be employed The configurable items under this menu can be changed from their default values for special cases PPP VJ Compression Write security 3 Read security 5 When this item is set to On the Express L768 L1 5 will perform TCP IP head er compression known as Van Jacobson compression t
19. loss of synchronization for high speed synchronous commu nications See phase jitter LATA Local Access and Transport Area One of 161 local telephone serving areas in the United States generally encompassing the largest standard statistical met ropolitan areas Subdivisions established as a result of the AT amp T divestiture that now distinguish local from long distance service Circuits with both end points within the LATA intraLATA are generally the sole responsibility of the local telephone company while circuits that cross outside the LATA in terLATA are passed on to an interexchange carrier loopback A diagnostic procedure where data is sent to the device being tested and the output of the device is fed directly back to its input looped around and the returning data is checked against that which was sent Media Access Control MAC As defined by the IEEE the lower of the two sublayers of the OSI reference model data link layer The MAC sublayer is concerned with media access is sues such as whether token passing or contention is used message The Layer 3 information that is passed between the CPE and SPCS for signal ling multipoint line A communications line having multiple cable access points Name Binding Protocol NBP The AppleTalk transport level protocol that translates a character siig name into the internet address of the corresponding socket client NBP enables Ap pleTalk protocols to understand user def
20. network log messages 95 network log active 81 network log clear 82 network log level 82 network log view 82 network log wrap 81 network manager 99 GetRequest 100 none 28 P packets filtering 44 PAP 44 57 parity 69 password 66 68 pattern filter defines 45 124 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Index physical specifications 87 ping 83 poison reverse 28 59 polling frequency 49 power requirements 87 PPP 8 44 61 PPP log 79 PPP log messages 91 PPP log active 80 PPP log clear 80 PPP log level 80 PPP log view 80 PPP log wrap 80 PPP peer 30 PPP profile 42 56 PPP profile authentication 56 PPP profile bridge 61 PPP profile filters 62 PPP profile IP 58 PPP profile IPX 60 PPP profile PPP 61 PPP max config 62 PPP max failure 62 PPP max timer 62 PPP VJ compression 61 proxy ARP 32 Q quick startup guide 1 R Radius 42 66 Radius server 43 radius server primary server 43 radius server retry count 43 radius server secondary server 43 radius server secret 43 radius server UDP port 43 rate status messages 89 rear panel 11 RIP 8 9 28 59 RIP timer 34 RIP direction 29 59 RIP method 28 59 RIP mode 28 59 RIP protocol 28 59 RIP triggered 60 RIP V2 secret 29 RJ 45 interface 103 route force IP 59 route IP net 58 route netmask 58 routing concurrent routing and bridging 9 demand 8 IP 9 IPX 9 Rx only 29 S SAP 8 9 SAP timer 35 security 12 securi
21. tete e ertet ertt tei mes 18 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual i Table of Contents Read Only Field einige hee bte ee dee 18 Navigation with the Keyboard 19 Security Levels ies ee tette en eene in re eter dee e 21 Configuration Mennu ance cie tie np POOR RM RI EES 22 Configuration System Toto 22 System Names E 22 System Location eese RN 22 System A eerie detener ene ee s 23 AA NEE ero asado A eva ds 23 System Uptime 4o bb ree t em niente ire denar stab 23 IRAK EE 23 ConfigurationZ WAN zi seine ben b eid ien edv re vr ree Day 24 PAINEA LR 24 HDSE e ie EE 24 HDBSE7Chanhnel Rate cla Eerad 24 HDSE NEBES enhn n UIS 25 HDSLEZBEBES z 3 S scettr vtt t rete bdo iere teo a Pos 25 W AN EZ Protocol ttes tire tero ee es E 25 Configuration IP eere eter terrent peremit erger eee sectis 26 NET 26 TP Subnet Ee 26 IP Detault Gateway rtm tete reete teer 26 TP Static Rotes caia EE 27 Static Routes Active uere mre teet tete e EEN 27 Static Routes IP Addreseg eene enne nnns 27 Static Routes Subnet Mask 27 Static Routes Gateway ENEE 27 Static Routes HoOps ee teet de ect 27 Static Routes PrivVate eene enne nennen tenen nete NOE NAE 27 IPAZIPAROULGT O A bee i de CINES 28 IP Router ZMOde 5 ete R eee ett ob eet ee wedges cre RTI 28 DAMES 28 TRE MGC ara it ettet ertet eet e DEL 28 RTR Egeter 28 RIPZMethl0d un nan EEE ATE EU ee IAM 28 RIP Ditectlon emt rto e rev a end ds 29 RIP
22. the IP and IPX routing However certain rules apply for when packets are bridged across a WAN connection When IP routing is active IP packets which include ARP packets are not bridged When IPX routing is active IPX packets are not bridged Also the WAN IP Bridge and WAN IPX Bridge menus allow the WAN connection to bridge packets to the Express L768 L1 5 but get routed as soon as they arrive at the unit Figure 3 6 shows the Bridge menu Express L1 5 Conf igurat ion Br idge System Info Mode On WAN IP Bridge C WAN IPX Bridge Spanning Tree C Address Table C Management IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z he lp 11 34 Figure 3 6 Configuration Bridge Screen Bridge Mode Write security 2 Read security 5 When this option is set to On def the Express L768 L1 5 bridge function will be enabled Setting it to Off will disable all bridge functionality Bridge WAN IP Bridge When IP routing is active the Express L768 L1 5 will allow another WAN de vice to bridge IP packets to it using PPP BCP Normally two IP routers would 36 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure NOTE negotiate PPP IPCP to exchange IP packets However if a device can only sup port PPP BCP IP packets are encapsulated by the device as bridge packets The Express L768 L1 5 can treat the WAN IP Bridge as a virtual Ethernet port connected only to a WAN device which has negotiat
23. to ADTRAN Frame Port 768 e Telecommuter Home Office Access to the corporate LAN e Access to any other router within the Frame Relay Network e User Datagram Protocol UDP broadcasts are relayed to corporate LAN e FramePort 768 part no 1100048L1 provides concentration of up to 24 SDSL interfaces into a single DS 1 W n EN m Router B FRAME TI Frameport RELAY 788 Channel Bank Figure 1 3 Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 768 6 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 Small Office Home Office SOHO to Corporate LAN Connects the small office or home office to the corporate LAN Routes IP and Internet Packet Exchange IPX traffic from multiple devices to the corporate LAN Bridges all non routed traffic e g AppleTalk Low cost alternative to buying a high end router Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices Up to 8 kft L768 L1 5 Server Figure 1 4 SOHO to Corporate LAN The Express L768 L1 5 provides the following basic functions 1 LAN Bridge Bridging provides a point to point connection between two LANs The bridge learning function scans the source and destination me dia access control MAC addresses of all packets on its local LAN and de termines which packets should be transmitted over the HDSL link Ap
24. xx 0 9 separated by Hex Xxxxoox xx 0 9 a f separated by enum sub string or index unsigned digits 0 9 date mm dd yyyy time hh mm ss date time mm dd yyyy hh mm ss activator read only list followed by index with first record being 1 array followed by index with first record being 1 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 105 Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands One of the following key words must be used first info Goes directly to Configuration System Info menu hdsl Goes directly to Configuration WAN HDSL menu ip Goes directly to Configuration IP menu ipx Goes directly to Configuration IPX menu bridge Goes directly to Configuration Bridge menu security Goes directly to Configuration Security menu PPP Goes directly to Configuration PPP Profile menu telnet Goes directly to Configuration Management Telnet menu snmp Goes directly to Configuration Management SNMP menu maint Goes directly to Configuration Management Maint menu status Goes directly to Configuration Status menu test Goes directly to Configuration Test menu logs Goes directly to Configuration Logs menu util Goes directly to Configuration Utilities menu frame Goes directly to Configuration WAN Frame Relay menu Some examples are listed below telnet user 1 name guest sets user name for Telnet user list entry 1 to guest test 2047 starts 2047 test status ip 1 gateway returns the gateway address for IP route table entry 1 1
25. 06 Express L768 11 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands Additional Commands Other commands available from the terminal mode are given below save Saves the configuration to non volatile RAM flash mac Returns the MAC address for the Express L768 L1 5 version Returns the firmware version and routing stack version reset Resets the unit exit Leaves terminal mode and returns to menus download Downloads complete configuration to the terminal screen for capture Download Uploading Configuration The Express L768 L1 5 s configuration can be captured to a text file using the download command The text file can be edited if required Upload of the configuration can be accomplished by sending the text file to the Express L768 L1 5 in terminal mode A baud rate of 9600 is strongly recommended when uploading As soon as the upload has been completed type save to save the new configuration to flash A reset command or power cycle 10 sec onds after the save command is recommended to ensure that the new config uration is complete 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 107 Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands 108 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Glossary 10Base2 IEEE 802 3 specification similar to Ethernet using thin coaxial cable that runs at 10 Mbps with a maximum distance of 185 meters per segment Also known as Thin Ethernet or Thinwire Ethernet 10BaseT IEE
26. 38 WAN IPX Bridge Seed Status EE 38 WAN IPX Bridge Triggered EE 38 Bridge Spanning Tree EE 38 Spanning lree Mode iteram tien me agio ceros 38 Spanning Tree7DPriority iieoodee naci ee mete endete 39 Spanning Tree Maximum Age EE 39 Spanning Tree Hello Time sess eee 39 Spanning Tree Forward Delay sss 39 Spanning Tree LAN Port conooncnconononononnnnnnnnnnrornnnncnnnnornnnnnorananaronnnrnranancnnnnass 39 LAN Port ACve racer atrasa 39 LAN Port Path Cost 3 nacre ee eR e 40 LAN Port Priority iret ertet cree ic A 40 Spanning Tree Bridge Group 40 Bridge Group 1 Active enoconcccocinoncnonncnonnencnonnnnnnnerornnnnnnnnnnrnrnrnnrarananannnnos 40 Bridge Group 1 Path Cost 40 Bridge Group 1 Priority sessin ae aie not ira ei 40 Spanning Tree Bridge Group 2 sess 40 Bridge Group 2 Ace eec dete picem edes e eia efe aed 40 Bridge Group 2 Path Cost 41 Bridge Grou le 41 Bridge Address Table ENNEN 41 Address Table p PATI ciratscee eterni e 41 Address Table Forward Policy EEN 41 Configuration Secure ra e er red tein 42 Security Authentication a AD Security Radius Server 43 Radius Server Primary Server 43 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual iii Table of Contents Radius Server Secondary Server 43 Radius Server UDP Port sccic cc sccsccesesecescscecousticsesstseSsesessuucessesnconsesredesctseseste 43 Radius Server Secret ccccccccscsesccssssssscscsssscssscesess
27. 7 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure NOTE WAN IPX Bridge Network Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the network address of the virtual Ethernet port See IPX Network on page 33 for an explanation of the IPX network number WAN IPX Bridge Frame Type Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the frame type used for the virtual Ethernet port See IPX Frame Type on page 34 for an explanation of the IPX frame type WAN IPX Bridge Seed Status Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the seed status used for the virtual Ethernet port See IPX Seed Status on page 34 menu for an explanation of the IPX seed status WAN IPX Bridge Triggered Write security 2 Read security 5 When set to Yes only IPX RIP and SAP updates are sent when the routing or service table has changed When set to No def updates are sent periodically RIP and SAP periodic rates set for the Ethernet port see IPX RIP Timer on page 34 and IPX SAP Timer on page 35 are used for the WAN IPX bridge port Bridge Spanning Tree The Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol ensures a loop free topology and provides redundancy The protocol parameters can be specifically tuned from their defaults though most applications require no adjustment Spanning Tree Mode Write security 2 Read security 5 When the mode is set to On the Express L768 L1 5 will participate in the Spanning Tree protocol between other bridges When Off def all
28. 7 Index 128 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Product Support Information Presales Inquiries and Applications Support Please contact your local distributor ADTRAN Applications Engineering or ADTRAN Sales Applications Engineering 800 615 1176 Sales 800 827 0807 Post Sale Support Please contact your local distributor first If your local distributor cannot help please contact ADTRAN Technical Support and have the unit serial number available Technical Support 888 4ADTRAN Repair and Return If ADTRAN Technical Support determines that a repair is needed Technical Support will coordinate with the Customer and Product Service CAPS de partment to issue an RMA number For information regarding equipment currently in house or possible fees associated with repair contact CAPS direct ly at the following number CAPS Department 256 963 8722 Identify the RMA number clearly on the package below address and return to the following address ADTRAN Inc CAPS Department 901 Explorer Boulevard Huntsville Alabama 35806 RMA ft
29. 8 L1 5 User Manual 63 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filters LAN to WAN Out Write security 2 Read security 5 The packets which come out toward the WAN from the Express L768 L1 5 can be filtered in three ways Disabled def Turns off packet output filtering No outgoing packets are blocked Block All All outgoing packets to the WAN are blocked except as defined in the Filters Out Exceptions list Forward All All outgoing packets to the WAN are not blocked except as defined in the Filters Out Exceptions list Filters Out Exceptions Write security 2 Read security 5 This is a list of up to 32 filter entries The setup is exactly the same as the Filter In Exceptions list 64 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration Management The Express L768 L1 5 can be managed using Telnet Simple Network Man agement Protocol SNMD or the maintenance port See Appendix C on page 99 for a description of the MIBs supported by the Express L768 L1 5 Each of the three methods can be protected using authentication Figure 3 10 shows the Configuration Management menu Express L1 5 Conf igurat ion Management System Info Telnet 1 WAN SNMP C IP Maint Port C IPX Br idge Security Frame Relay PPP Profile Management MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z help 11 38 Figure 3 10 Configuration Managem
30. 8 L1 5 is to be used in a back to back configuration the line mode must be different for each unit 1 Connecta VT 100 async terminal or personal computer with a terminal emulator running 9600 N 8 1 to the MAINTENANCE port 2 Hold down the Control key and press R then press Enter to display the top menu 3 Using the arrow keys and Enter key to navigate the menu go to the Con figuration WAN HDSL menu Enter the line mode as HTU C or HTU R Each end of an HDSL circuit must be of opposite modes 4 Setthe rate of transfer that will be used Both devices must be set at the same rate 5 Use the left arrow key or the Escape key to go back up the menu tree When asked to save HDSL parameters type y 6 Connectthe HDSL line to the RJ 45 jack labeled HDSL on the rear panel See Appendix D on page 103 for connector pinouts 7 When the Loop LED s remain solid the Express L768 L1 5 is in synchro nization 8 Onthe Express L768 the Link LED will illuminate to indicate that PPP has successfully negotiated 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 1 Quick Startup Guide 2 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 HDSL OVERVIEW High Bit Rate Digital Subscriber Line HDSL is rapidly becoming the service providers technology of choice for the deployment of T1 services according to recent estimates over 60 of today s T1 installations use HDSL technology
31. ADRAN Express L768 and Express L1 5 HDSL Router Bridge USER MANUAL Express L768 1202192L1 Express L1 5 120219212 61202192L1 1B June 1998 Trademark DMS 100 is a trademark of Northern Telecom Inc Ethernet is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation Intel Corporation and Xe rox Corporation ExpertISDN patent number 5 715 241 is a trademark of ADTRAN Inc Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer Inc Novell NetWare and Internetwork Packet Exchange IPX are registered trademarks of Novell Inc Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation 5ESS is a registered trademark of AT amp T ADRAN 901 Explorer Boulevard P O Box 140000 Huntsville AL 35814 4000 Phone 256 963 8000 1998 ADTRAN Inc All rights reserved Printed in USA FCC regulations require that the following information be provided in this manual 1 If this equipment causes harm to the telephone network the telephone company may temporarily discontinue service If possible advance notification is given oth erwise notification is given as soon as possible The telephone company will advise the customer of the right to file a complaint with the FCC 2 The telephone company may make changes in its facilities equipment a or procedures that could affect the proper operation of this equipment advance no tification and the opportunity to maintain uninterrupted service are given 3 If experiencing difficulty
32. AN Stats Read security 5 This menu contains statistics for the Ethernet port Tx Packets Packets transmitted out the Ethernet port Rx Packets Packets received from the Ethernet port Tx Errors Total transmit errors encountered on Ethernet port Single Collisions total single collisions before successful transmission Multiple Collisions total multiple collisions before successful transmission Excessive Collisions total collisions that resulted in packet being dropped De ed Transmissions total packets deferred due to collisions Carrier Sense Errors total carrier sense errors encountered no link integrity Rx Errors Total packets received in error and dropped CRCs total packets detected with CRC errors Giants total packets received that were greater than 1518 bytes Runts total packets received that were less than 64 bytes Rx Collisions total collision occurred during reception Clear Counts When activated clears all LAN Stat counts 76 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Status IP Stats Read security 5 This menu contains IP statistics that can be useful when diagnosing problems All are taken from the SNMP MIB 2 variables TCP failed attempts TCP passive connections TCP current connections TCP segments sent TCP segments received Total TCP resets Active TCP connections Total TCP retransmits UDP datagrams sent No Se at dest port U
33. BDG NetBIOS Datagram port 138 and BootP Specified When set the UDP port 1 to 65535 can be specified in the UDP Port columns up to a maximum of three per server UDP Relay List UDP Port 1 UDP Port 2 UDP Port 3 Write security 3 Read security 5 UDP Port 1 UDP Port 2 and UDP Port 3 are used for specifying UDP ports to be relayed These fields only apply when UDP Port Type is set to Specified 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 31 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IP Proxy ARP Write security 4 Read security 5 This feature allows the network portion of a group of addresses to be shared among several physical network segments The ARP protocol itself provides a way for devices to create a mapping between physical i e Ethernet address es and logical IP addresses Proxy ARP makes use of this mapping feature by instructing a router to answer ARP requests as a proxy for the IP addresses behind one of its ports The device which sent the ARP request will then cor rectly assume that it can reach the requested IP address by sending packets to the physical address that was returned to it This technique effectively hides the fact that a network has been further subnetted If this option is set to Yes def when an ARP request is received on the Ethernet port the address is looked up in the IP routing table If the forwarding port is not on the Ethernet port and the route is not the default route
34. CHAP or EAP CHAP or EAP The connection can be authenticated using CHAP or EAP only EAP The connection will only allow authentication by the peer using EAP Authentication Tx Username Write security 1 Read security 3 This is the username that is used when being authenticated by the PPP peer Authentication Tx Password Write security 0 Read security 1 This is the password or secret that is used when being authenticated by the PPP peer Authentication Rx Username Write security 1 Read security 3 This is the username used to authenticate the PPP peer Authentication Rx Password Write security 0 Read security 1 This is the password or secret that is used to authenticate the PPP peer 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 57 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure PPP Profile IP The IP menu contains the parameters for exchanging IP data with the PPP peer IP Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 Setting to On def will permit this connection profile to negotiate PPP IPCP with the PPP peer for exchanging of IP packets IP NAT Write security 3 Read security 5 The Express L768 L1 5 can perform Network Address Translation This fea ture is most widely used when connecting to the Internet The Ethernet net work can consist of private network numbers When this profile is connected all IP addresses on the Ethernet side are translated into the one real IP address negotiated w
35. DP datagrams received UDP bad packets ICMP redirected messages ICMP packet errors ICMP timeouts received ICMP messages sent ICMP messages received ICMP specif if errors IP datagrams reassembled IP datagrams sent IP datagrams received Total forwarded datagrams IP reassembly timeout Discarded routing entries Total IP fragments Failed fragments IP reassembly failures Disassembled fragments Errorfree discards Routeless discards Default TTL Bad IP addresses Successful fragments Bad header packets Sent datagrams to upper layers Datagrams discarded Bad protocol discards Clear Counts clears all IP stats 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 77 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure TEST MENU The Express L768 L1 5 s Test menu contains built in tests that can be used to diagnose problems Figure 3 12 shows the Test menu screen Express L1 5 Test Configuration Echo Request t 2047 Loopback lt gt Test In Progress none Utilities MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle The following tests can be run Test Menu Echo Request Write security 4 Read security 5 Z help 18 11 Figure 3 12 Test Screen When activated the echo request test will begin sending continuous PPP echo request packets to any open LCP ports Results are displayed on the screen This is not used in the Frame Relay mode Test Menu 2047 Loopback Write security 4 Read security 5
36. DTRAN Frame Port 768 6 Small Office Home Office SOHO to Corporate LAN eneen 7 Routing and Bridging with the Express L768 L41 5 sss 8 Factory Default ea oH HIER GEMEINT RR 8 EE 8 EE 9 IP X Routing ies teme nee indem tease m Eed 9 Concurrent Routing And Bridging EEN 9 Network Address Translation Mode 9 Ivo din P 10 Indicators ona iia 10 Rear Panel eerte eee dre tati 11 Configurations eee tenent iret A p rre RR Cere a senate ced 11 NA 12 Chapter 2 Installation eese esee iira rve tnnt noon ESEE tn EE 13 HDSL Network Connection tereti ette tht treten tene te eee 13 RS EE 13 HDSL Overview ores m tren eei eer erroe rune n er td eren rad 13 Local Area Network Connection sess 14 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure eee 15 Terminal Menu Structure iaeaea i eiae tenente nennen tenentes 15 Configuration ies ome imde d Goa wand ee dte aae pec id teda 15 piu iii 17 RE 17 TORS aes 5e cine ten tee n tee HER I n He e AUR e ADIRE TER aor reis 17 Witilities eiua EE 17 Navigating the Terminal Menus sess nennen 18 General Layout endehetine n e e OH LUP REA REIR POS Pe leas 18 Menu Path pe ere utem dete nde erem dites donee tenes 18 Moving Around cerei tini laete ne redi estne L a Bae gel ida debidos 18 Submenus or DATA n esses eene eerte entren 18 Activation Field EE 18 Editable Data Field
37. E 802 3 specification using unshielded twisted pair cabling and running at 10 Mbps AEP SEP taps Echo Protocol Allows a node on an E network to send a packet to another node and in return receive an echoed copy of the packet ARP Address Resolution Protocol Used for resolving physical address when IP ad dress is unknown B Channel 64 kbps bearer channel used for voice circuit or packet switched data bearer service As defined by CCITT standards a type of telecommunication service that pro vides the capability for the transmission of information between user to net work interfaces Bearer services defined for ISDN are circuit mode and packet mode BOOTP The Bootstrap Protocol allows a network node to determine certain startup in formation such as its IP address Bridge A data communications device that connects two or more networks A bridge stores and forwards complete packets between the networks Bridges operate at the data link layer of the OSI model 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 109 Glossary CCITT Consultative Committee on International Telephony and Telegraphy A body of the International Telegraph Union ITU which prepares recommendations commonly referred to as international standards to resolve technical tele graph and telephone problems central office CO In telephony the phone FOR pay switching facility or center usually a Class 5 end office at which subscribers local loops termin
38. Express L1 5 Utilities Configuration Ping C Telnet Client Upgrade Menu Exit t IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z help 18 11 Figure 3 14 Utilities Screen Utilities Ping Write security 4 Read security 5 The ping menu is used to send ICMP ping messages to hosts The following items are under this menu Start Stop Activator to start and cancel a ping test Host Address IP address or domain name if DNS is configured of device to receive the ping Size Total size of ping to send Range is 40 def to 1500 bytes of Packets Total packets to send every two seconds of Transmits Total packets sent read only of Receives Total packets received read only Loss Percentage loss based on ping returned form host read only 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 83 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Utilities Telnet Client Write security 4 Read security 5 The Telnet menu can be used to activate the Telnet client function in the Ex press L768 L1 5 Host IP address or domain name if DNS is configured of Telnet server By default the standard TCP server port is used However a nonstandard port can be specified here with the IP address or domain name separated by a colon Activate Starts Telnet client function The key combination Control cancels the session Utilities Upgrade Menu Write security 2 Read security 3 The Express L768
39. Instead of traditional methods requiring multiple T1 repeaters HDSL allows the telephone companies to quickly deploy a T1 circuit over Carrier Serving Area CSA loops 9 000 feet on 26 AWG wire or 12 000 feet on 24 AWG wire without the need for loop conditioning or repeater installation The benefits HDSL offers over traditional T1 span lines represent large cost savings for the service provider because HDSL circuits can be deployed in days as opposed to weeks HDSL circuits can be deployed without the need for line repeaters on CSA loops binder group separation bridge tap removal for bridge taps totaling less than 2 500 feet no single bridge tap greater than 2 000 feet HDSL circuits virtually eliminate cross talk and loop impairment prob lems Safer class A3 voltages eliminate need for special training or procedures Adtran provides a full line of HDSL products that are the price performance leaders in the industry 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 3 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 THE EXPRESS L768 L1 5 The Express L768 L1 5 is a standalone device that links two Local Area Net works LANs using a high speed DSL two wire or four wire line The Express L768 has a two wire interface and operates up to 768 kbits per second The Ex press L1 5 has a four wire interface and operates up to 1 536 Mbits per second The Express L1 5 is compatible with the Express L768 in a two wire mode i
40. Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure RIP Direction Write security 3 Read security 5 Tx and Rx def RIP advertisements are transmitted and listened to on the Ethernet port Tx only RIP advertisements are transmitted and not listened to Rx only RIP advertisements are listened to but not transmitted RIP V2 Secret Write security 0 Read security 0 This is a text string used for authenticating advertised routes IP NAT The Network Address Translation general parameters are set up under this menu NAT DHCP Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When this option is set to On the Express L768 L1 5 acts as a DHCP server and will dynamically assign IP network mask default gateway and DNS ad dresses to any device which transmits a broadcast DHCP request The ad dresses assigned are based on the Express L768 L1 5 s own IP address and will be within the same network This mode is most commonly used with the NAT functionality The default is Off NAT DHCP Renewal Time Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the number of hours that the DHCP server should allow the device be fore it is required to send a new DHCP request The default is 15 hours and 0 represents an infinite lease NAT Web Server Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the IP address of a web server on the Ethernet network When an active NAT connection is made to the Internet any HTTP FTP or SM
41. Read security 5 The Ethernet port can be disabled when set to No In this mode no bridge traf fic will be forwarded in or out Setting to Yes def allows the port to partici pate in the spanning tree topology 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 39 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure LAN Port Path Cost Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the cost of using the Ethernet port in the total cost of the path The range is from 1 to 65535 with a default of 100 for 10 Mbits second LAN Port Priority Write security 2 Read security 5 The priority adjusts the relative priority of the Ethernet port among the multi ple bridge ports The range is 0 to 255 with a default of 128 Spanning Tree Bridge Group 1 The Bridge Group 1 is either the first PPP BCP connection or part of multiple DLCI destinations when running Bridge RFC 1490 over Frame Relay Bridge Group 1 Active Write security 2 Read security 5 The Bridge Group 1 port can be disabled when set to No In this mode no bridge traffic will be forwarded in or out Setting to Yes def allows the port to participate in the Spanning Tree topology Bridge Group 1 Path Cost Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the cost of using the Bridge Group 1 in the total cost of the path The range is from 1 to 65535 with a default of 1302 for 768 kbits second Bridge Group 1 Priority Write security 2 Read security 5 The priority adjust
42. Read security 5 The IP network mask to apply to the Far End IP Address and Link IP Address is specified here IP Map Link IP Address Write security 3 Read security 5 The virtual circuit may require an IP address to be specified at this DLCI inter face This is called a numbered interface This address is used by the Express L768 L1 5 to respond to Inverse ARP requests If this IP address is left as 0 0 0 0 the link is treated as unnumbered and the Express L768 L1 5 responds to the Inverse ARP with its Ethernet IP address IP Map RIP Protocol Write security 3 Read security 5 The RIP protocol can be specified per DLCI The possible selections are Off meaning no RIP packets are listened to or sent V1 def which is RIP version 1 or V2 which is RIP version 2 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 51 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IP Map RIP Method Write security 3 Read security 5 The way the RIP protocol sends out its advertisements is specified here None All routes in the router table are advertised out this virtual circuit with no modification of the metrics Split Horizon def Only routes not learned from this particular virtual circuit are advertised Poison Reverse All routes are advertised but the routes learned from this port are poisoned with an infinite metric IP Map RIP Direction Write security 3 Read security 5 This parameter allows the direction at
43. Server The parameters for the radius server are configured in this menu The RADI US server can be used for authenticating a PPP peer if defined under Security Authentication and for Telnet server sessions Radius Server Primary Server Write security 1 Read security 2 This is the IP address of the first RADIUS server that the Express L768 L1 5 should attempt to communicate with when authenticating a PPP peer Radius Server Secondary Server Write security 1 Read security 2 This is the IP address of the back up RADIUS server that the Express L768 L1 5 should attempt to communicate with when the primary server does not respond Radius Server UDP Port Write security 1 Read security 2 This is the UDP port that the Express L768 L1 5 should use when communi cating with the RADIUS server The default is 1645 which is the commonly used port Radius Server Secret Write security 0 Read security 1 The RADIUS server and Express L768 L1 5 share this text string which is used by the RADIUS sever to authenticate the Express L768 L1 5 that is the RADIUS client The factory default is not to use a secret Radius Server Retry Count Write security 1 Read security 2 This is the number of times the Express L768 L1 5 should send a request pack et to the RADIUS server without a response before giving up If the number of attempts to communicate with the primary server is equal to the retry count the secondary server if d
44. TP server re quests from the WAN are translated and sent to this web server Normally 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 29 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure communication across NAT must be initiated from the LAN side of the Ex press L768 L1 5 Web Server allows a single machine on the NAT side to be accessed from the Internet side of NAT This provides outside access to a web server mail or ftp server NAT Default IP This is the IP address used by the Express L768 L1 5 for Network Address Translation when nothing is assigned during the PPP negotiation when PPP mode is active or when nothing is specified in the DLCI Mapping s Link IP Address IP DNS The Domain Name Server parameters used by the Express L768 L1 5 are spec ified here The DNS server addresses can be exchanged between PPP peers When a connection occurs and IPCP is negotiated the Express L768 L1 5 will get the DNS server addresses from the PPP peer If the configured DNS server addresses Server 1 and Server 2 are all zeros the addresses from the PPP peer are used In NAT mode the PPP peer s DNS addresses are always used The DNS addresses set in Server 1 and Server 2 are offered to a PPP peer if so requested DNS Domain Name Write security 3 Read security 5 This is a text string used to represent the domain name used by the Express L768 L1 5 DNS Server 1 Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the IP address for th
45. VCs are like ded icated point to point private lines Since the physical connection is always there in the form of a leased line call setup and tear down is done by a carrier viaa network management system SVCs require setup and tear down and are generally not available from Frame Relay carriers Virtually all Frame Relay communications is done using PVCs The Express L768 L1 5 supports PVCs only A number called the Data Link Connection Identifier DLCI identifies each virtual circuit within a shared physical channel Figure 3 8 shows the Frame Relay menu Express L1 5 Configuration Frame Rela System Info Maintenance Protocol Annex D Polling Frequency 5 36 15 DLCI Mapping C PPP Profile Management MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z help 11 36 Figure 3 8 Configuration Frame Relay Screen 48 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Frame Relay Maintenance Protocol Write security 3 Read security 5 The Frame Relay maintenance protocol is used on the WAN port The main tenance protocol is used to send link status and virtual circuit information be tween Frame Relay switches and other devices such as routers that communicate with them Possible choices are listed below Annex D def This is an ANSI standard and is the most commonly used standard in the US Annex A This is the CCITT European standard LMI This was developed by a ve
46. When activated a loopback command is sent to the far end HDSL device and an internal 2047 pattern is continually transmitted towards the HDSL circuit Loopbacked data is checked and an error count is maintained 78 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure LOGS MENU The Logs menu contain logs displaying important information about the run ning condition of the Express L768 L1 5 The logs can be set to capture diag nostics of error conditions only by way of a log level The levels are divided up as follows level 0 Fatal event causes reset level 1 Critical event level 2 Error event level 3 Warning event level 4 Notify event level 5 Informational event level 6 Debugging event Figure 3 13 shows the Logs menu The three logs available are listed after the figure gs Sys log Host PPP Log Call Log Network Log Utilities IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z help 18 11_ Figure 3 13 Logs Screen Logs Sys log Host Set this to the IP address or domain name if DNS configured of the sys log host device All log events are sent to this device Logs PPP Log Information pertaining to the PPP negotiation and authentication will be logged here 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 79 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure PPP Log Active When set to Yes def PPP events below or e
47. a network device to report an operational anomaly or an alarm condition to the network manager These messages are typically encased within informational packets and trans ported over the LAN or WAN SNMP Embedded Agent The Express L768 L1 5 supports the following groups from MIB II RFC 1213 System Group UDP Group Interfaces Group ICMP Group Address Translation Group IP Group TCP Group Also the Ethernet transmission MIB is supported RFC 1643 The following manager requests are supported Get object Get next object Set object 100 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix C SNMP Communities The Express L768 L1 5 permits up to eight communities to be defined The privilege level of each community can be set The default community is public with read only privileges When the IP address is all zeros any manager of the community can access the Express L768 L1 5 Traps Up to four hosts can be set to receive traps Each host entry requires an IP ad dress of the manager Trap types supported are cold start link up link down and authentication failure 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 101 Appendix C SNMP 102 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix D Connector Pinouts Table D A IBM AT Style ELA 232 Interface Pin Name 1 0 Description CD N C Carrier Detect 2 RD O Receive Data 3 TD Transm
48. a timeout occurs during an edit session all changes are saved User List Level Write security 0 Read security 1 This is the security level privilege that is assigned for this user See Security Levels on page 21 for an explanation of what those levels imply Level 0 is the default 66 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Management SNMP The Express L768 L1 5 is an SNMP agent It can respond to Get Requests Set Requests and generate traps These two lists set up the manager communi ties and levels See Appendix C on page 99 for more information on SNMP SNMP Access Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to No SNMP access is denied When set to On def the Express L768 L1 5 will respond to SNMP managers based on the following lists SNMP Communities This list is used to set up to eight SNMP communities names that the Express L768 L1 5 will allow Factory default sets the community public with Get privileges Communities Name Write security 1 Read security 3 This is a text string for the community name Communities Privilege Write security 1 Read security 3 The access for this manager can be assigned three levels None No access is allowed for this community or manager Get Manager can only read items Get Set Manager can read and set items Communities Manager IP Write security 1 Read security 3 This is the IP
49. amen ee ete tette Eech 68 Maint Porty Data Bits eee eee esee treiben Peta l pe NEEN 69 Maint Port AAA EE ette etnies 69 Maint Port Stop Bits mete deeg pitt 69 Configuration Terminal Mode ee 69 Status Menu crite artes toads nee Re Mee e t ret PER ERE DEAE 70 ELE 71 Sessions PPP Session esee eene nnne iee aeiia akei rs 71 Sessions DECI Table ae rete a ends eere oreet ess vob ie eem ens 72 Sessions Spannidg reg istic emere ne teer i etes 73 Status ARP Cade pete i A EINER Ae 73 Status Bridge Table aire e i iiem iter et ie te 74 SAUS IP ROUtes 5 reete erc da seeds tos Soa eer teet edere ee go ede utes EHE Ra tees 74 Status IPX ROUt S Eeer seele leet seth ocak eos NP cede toe eee te E 75 Stat s Z IP X SERVERS ane dee E EE dees br reete Exi bo eo Caos nes 75 Hats WAN Stats uitae iere D dedi MA IUS 76 Status LA Nit veh item eite diee tm a Dee 76 Status IR Stats ea Te aldea ce 77 Test Menus roto EE 78 Test Menu Echo Request sess eene nennen 78 Lest Menti 2047 T oopback tet eh tete deii itr ttn 78 Logs Men aethere ie o emt e aie aga udi etti estin 79 Logs 5ys log Eleng gege Eege 79 Loge PPP LO nie errem eere nnd thee epe e ird een eed ate n itg 79 PPP Eg FAC either iier eei dere hend e eti RENT IRE Ie Ere ede cand 80 RPP LOS Wiap iste nee ee RI erae ee Pe MR TOT He ED ERE teres 80 RER oe Level uec ene rente rtt ene eet enin tentes 80 PPP E A E E tee tel eq et relatis 80
50. anual 33 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IPX Frame Type Write security 2 Read security 5 The Express L768 L1 5 supports all four defined IPX frame types The possi ble frame types are Ether Type II def Ether 802 3 Raw Ether 802 2 or Ether SNAP 802 2 SNAP Only one frame type can be used at one time IPX Seed Status Write security 2 Read security 5 The seed status defines what the Express L768 L1 5 is to do with the network information on the selected frame type during startup There are three possi ble seeding selections specified Seed The Express L768 L1 5 will listen for an IPX network number being sent by another router including Novell software routers residing on servers on the Ethernet segment connected to this port and use this number if it exists If it does not discover a number in use the Express L768 L1 5 will use the configured IPX network number for the Ethernet segment Non Seed def The Express L768 L1 5 will listen for an IPX network number being sent by another router including Novell software routers residing on servers on the Ethernet segment connected to this port and use this number if it exists If it does not discover a number in use the Express L768 L1 5 will wait indefinitely until a number is sent by another router on the Ethernet segment Auto Seed The Express L768 L1 5 will listen for an IPX network number being sent by another router including Novell s
51. ate Handles a specific pce pus area identified by the first three digits of the local telephone num er Usually the facilities of the local BOC CSMA CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detect A channel access mechanism where devices check the channel for a carrier before transmitting If no carrier is sensed for the specified period of time the device can transmit If two de vices transmit at once a collision occurs and is detected by all colliding devic es This collision subsequently delays their retransmissions for a random length of time CSMA CD is used by Ethernet and IEEE 802 3 D channel The ISDN channel that carriers signalling information to control the call setup teardown or invocation of supplementary services The D Channel may also be used to provide packet mode data service DDS Dataphone Digital Service AT amp T private line service for transmitting data over a digital system The digital transmission system transmits electrical sig nals directly instead of translating the signals into tones of varied frequencies as with traditional analog transmission systems Digital techniques provide more efficient use of transmission facilities resulting in lower error rates and costs than analog systems digital hub Designated office where DDS channels are interconnected and where synchro nous network timing testing access and additional service features are pro vided DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier I
52. bridge ports remain permanently open for forwarding 38 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Spanning Tree Priority Write security 2 Read security 5 This assigns a priority to the Express L768 L1 5 that permits the relative pri ority of multiple bridges to be managed The range is 0 to 65535 with a default of 32768 Spanning Tree Maximum Age Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the timeout value used by the Express L768 L1 5 to test against the root device The value is in one tenth seconds with a range between 60 6 0 sec onds and 400 40 0 seconds The default is 200 20 0 seconds Spanning Tree Hello Time Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the time between the generation of configuration BPDUs Bridging Pro tocol Data Units by the root bridge The value is in one tenth seconds with a range between 10 1 0 second and 100 10 0 seconds The default is 20 2 0 seconds Spanning Tree Forward Delay Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the time spent in the listening and learning state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state The value is in one tenth seconds with a range between 40 4 0 seconds and 300 30 0 seconds The default is 150 15 0 seconds Spanning Tree LAN Port The path cost and priority parameters for the Ethernet port are specified under this menu LAN Port Active Write security 2
53. dentifies each virtual circuit with a shared physical channel Ethernet A local area network used for connecting computers printers workstations a terminals servers etc within the same building or campus Ethernet operates over twisted wire and coaxial cable at speeds up to 10 Mbps Ethernet speci fies a CSMA CD 110 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Glosssary four wire circuits Telephone lines using two wires for transmitting and two wires for receiving offering much higher quality than a 2 wire circuit All long distance circuits are 4 wire Almost all local phone lines and analog phones are 2 wire Frame Relay A streamlined subset of the X 25 packet switching protocol which has been used by many corporations for wide area communications for a number of years group 4 A high speed 56 kbps facsimile protocol specific to ISDN HDSL Hight bit rate Digital Subscriber Line technology is similar to ISDN U inter face but operates at ahigher bit rate It provides bi directional DS1 service over two copper pairs hop count A routing metric used to measure the distance between a source and a desti nation Particularly used by RIP hub 1 Communications center 2 Major routing station for connecting channels 3 DDS connecting center IARP Inverse Address Resolution Protocol Used for resolving the protocol address when the hardware address is known IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engine
54. e Status The Status menu provides options to review and monitor the status of the Ex press L768 L1 5 system See the section Status Menu on page 70 for detailed in formation on the available options Test The Test menu can be used for performing diagnostic testing of the Express L768 L1 5 See the section Test Menu on page 78 for detailed information on the tests available Logs The Logs menu can be used for viewing the operational logs for the Express L768 L1 5 See the section Logs Menu on page 79 for detailed information on the available options Utilities The Utilities menu provides tools for system diagnostics and upgrading the Express L768 L1 5 See the section Utilities Menu on page 83 for detailed infor mation on the available options 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 17 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure NAVIGATING THE TERMINAL MENUS The following sections provide information on how to navigate through the terminal menus General Layout When you first start a terminal mode session the screen shown in Figure 3 1 on page 16 displays The screen is divided into left and right panes The left pane shows the current list of submenus while the right pane shows the con tents of a selected submenu Menu Path The top line of the display shows this session s current position path in the menu tree Figure 3 1 on page 16 shows the top menu level with the cursor on the Configura
55. e easily configured and used once several basic concepts are under stood Factory Default The Express L768 L1 5 comes from the factory configured for MAC Bridging IP routing and IPX routing with no filters or connection information defined An IP address of 10 0 0 1 with a network mask of 255 255 255 0 is preloaded The factory default layer two configuration is PPP which provides the least amount of reconfiguration due to its negotiation oriented nature Bridging In Bridge Mode the Express L768 L1 5 can be used to connect two LAN seg ments In this mode all protocols are supported because they are transported across the HDSL link at the MAC layer The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to guarantee a loop free topology MAC addresses are learned by each Express L768 L1 5 to prevent non WAN packets from being bridged Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 IP Routing The Express L768 L1 5 operates as an IP router when the Configuration IP IP Router Mode option is configured to On In PPP mode the Express L768 L1 5 uses an IP unnumbered WAN interface the IP address and mask assigned to the unit s LAN interface apply to all routing and IP operations for the unit In Frame Relay mode each PVC can be specified as numbered or unnumbered links If a default gateway is specified on the network of the Ethernet interface the unit attempts to reach the gateway through t
56. e primary DNS device Itis the first server that do main name requests are sent DNS Server 2 Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the IP address for the secondary DNS device It is used as a back up in case the primary address does not respond to the request 30 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IP UDP Relay The Express L768 L1 5 can be configured as a relay agent for UDP broadcast packets Normally a router will not forward UDP broadcast packets How ever many network applications use UDP broadcasts to configure addresses host names and other information If hosts using these protocols are noton the same network segment as the servers providing the information the client programs will not receive a response without enabling the UDP relay agent UDP Relay Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When this option is set to On def the Express L768 L1 5 will act as a relay agent UDP Relay UDP Relay List Up to four relay destination servers can be specified in this list UDP Relay List Relay Address Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the IP address of the server that will receive the relay packet UDP Relay List UDP Port Type Write security 3 Read security 5 Standard def The following standard UDP protocols are relayed when set DHCP TFTP DNS NTP Network Time Protocol port 123 NBNS NetBIOS Name Server port 137 N
57. e pub lic utility commission intrastate Includes carriers such as AT amp T Communications Satellite Business Systems GTE Telenet GTE Sprint and MCI information element The name for the data fields within an ISDN Layer 3 message interworking Communication between two types of networks or end equipment This may or may not involve a difference in signalling or protocol elements supported Internet Protocol A TCP IP protocol describing software that tracks the Internet address of nodes routes outgoing message and recognizes incoming messages Used in gateways to connect networks at OSI network Level 3 and above IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange A Novell NetWare protocol used to move in formation across networks ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network A network architecture that enables end to end digital connections The network supports diverse services through in tegrated access arrangements and defines a limited set of standard multipur pose interfaces for GE vendors network providers and customers Interworking with a public switched telephone network is retained jabber An error condition in which a network device continually transmits garbage onto the network In IEEE 802 3 a data packet whose length exceeds that pre scribed in the standard 112 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Glosssary jitter The slight movement of a transmission signal in time or phase that can intro duce errors and
58. eans ports equal to not means port not equal to gt means port greater than means port less than None means the source port is not compared IP destination port number used for comparison Range 0 to 65535 decimal format Type of comparison that is performed means ports equal to not means port not equal to gt means port greater than means port less than None means the destination port is not compared Protocol used for comparison Range 0 to 255 decimal format Type of comparison that is performed means protocols equal to not means protocols not equal to 7 means protocols greater than means protocols less than None means the protocol is not compared Yes only when TCP established No only when TCP not established Ignore ignore TCP flags 46 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filter Defines IPX Filter Defines Write security 2 Read security 3 The IPX filter defines apply to any IPX packet whether it is routed or bridged Also any IPX encapsulation type will be accounted for Up to 32 IPX defines can be specified Name Src Net Src Mask Dest Net Dest Mask Src Socket Src Socket Comp Dest Socket Identifies the filter entry 15 characters max 32 bit source network address Bits in the source network address which are compared hexadecimal format 32 bit destination net
59. ecsescescessscsessscesesseeessseeeess 43 Radius Server Retry Count sese 43 Security PPP inerte petrae ea enhance in ener rint 44 Security Filter Defities iia nobis 44 Filter Defines MAC Filter Defines coococnonccccnonnnconnnacinnaninannn ccoo naninnnncnanos 45 Filter Defines Pattern Filter Defines eee eee 45 Filter Defines IP Filter Defines eeeseeeeeeeeeene nennen 46 Filter Defines IPX Filter Defines eee nennen 47 Configuration Frame Relax 48 Frame Relay Maintenance Protocol ue 49 Frame Relay Polling Frequency sse 49 Frame Relay DLCI Mapping essent 49 DIECI Mapping Active nennen nennen 50 DLCI Mapping DLC een 50 DLCI Mapping IP Map nennen 50 ICMES E 50 Map TAR EE 51 Map Far End IP Address sse 5 Map 1P Netriask needs citet cete ida 5 Map Link IP Address ete emet tees 5 Map RIP Protocol enmt es 5 Map RIP Method neret teet EEGEN 52 Map RIP Directo anima ntc Motero A 52 METAS AAA derer EE a ea E ASA aE SASAS 52 DLCI Mapping IPX Map 52 LES Map ACV O circa hen e ee edes 52 IPX Map IARD teret tet oce peer thee erectae 53 PX Map Link Network AEN 53 DLCI Mapping Bridge Map 53 Bridge Map Active ene nenne 53 Bridge Map Bridge Group 53 DECI Mapping Filters ettet rne 54 Filters Ii from PVC e leet eio error i FR deed 54 Filters In Exceptions ccce ter ee vete EE 54 Filte
60. ed PPP BCP This menu allows the IP parameters for this virtual Ethernet to be set up WAN IP Bridge Network Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the IP address of the virtual Ethernet port WAN IP Bridge Netmask Write security 2 Read security 5 This is the network mask to be applied to the virtual Ethernet port WAN IP Bridge Triggered Write security 2 Read security 5 When set to Yes only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing table has changed When set to No def updates are sent periodically RIP version method and direction are determined by the Ethernet parameters set in the Configuration IP IP Routerl RIP menu WAN IP Bridge Proxy ARP If this option is set to Yes def the Express L768 L1 5 will proxy ARP on the bridge IP port See the section IP Proxy ARP on page 32 for an explanation of the proxy ARP function Bridge WAN IPX Bridge When IPX routing is active the Express L768 L1 5 will allow another WAN device to bridge IPX packets to it using PPP BCP Normally two IPX routers would negotiate PPP IPXCP to exchange IPX packets However if a device can only support PPP BCP IPX packets are encapsulated by the device as bridge packets The Express L768 L1 5 can treat the WAN IPX Bridge as a vir tual Ethernet port connected only to a WAN device which has negotiated PPP BCP This menu allows the IPX parameters for this virtual Ethernet to be set up 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 3
61. efined is tried If the secondary server does not 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 43 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure respond within the retry count the PPP peer or Telnet session is not authen ticated and is dropped The default is 5 Security PPP Write security 1 Read security 2 The PPP peer can be authenticated using three standard methods PAP Pass word Authentication Protocol CHAP Challenge Handshake Protocol and EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol The strength of the authentication is determined in the order EAP CHAP followed by PAP where EAP is the strongest and PAP is the weakest PAP is a clear text protocol which means it is sent over the PPP link in a readable format Care must be taken not to al low highly sensitive passwords to become compromised using this method CHAP and EAP use a one way hashing algorithm which makes it virtually im possible to determine the password EAP has other capabilities which allow more flexibility than CHAP The following selections are possible PAP CHAP or EAP def The Express L768 L1 5 will ask for EAP during the first PPP LCP negotiation and allow the PPP peer to negotiate down to CHAP or PAP CHAP or EAP The Express L768 L1 5 will ask for EAP during the first PPP LCP negotiation and allow the PPP peer to negotiate down to CHAP but not PAP EAP The Express L768 L1 5 will only allow EAP to be negotiated If the PPP peer i
62. ent Screen Management Telnet Any Telnet client application can bring up a session to the Express L768 L1 5 s Telnet server using the standard Telnet TCP port Only one session is support ed ata time All sessions require a user name and password Telnet Server Access Write security 2 Read security 5 This option must be setto On def to access the Express L768 L1 5 via Telnet Turning it Off means that access is denied 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 65 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Telnet User List Up to four users can be configured for access to the Express L768 L1 5 Each user can be assigned a privilege and time out User List Name Write security 1 Read security 3 A text string of the user name for this session User List Authen Method Write security 1 Read security 3 The user can be authenticated in two ways Password The Password field is used to authenticate the user Radius The Radius client is used for authenticating the user User List Password Write security 0 Read security 3 When the authenticating method is password this text string is used for the password User List Idle Time Write security 1 Read security 3 When set to non zero the session is automatically logged out when no activity occurs for this amount of time The range is 0 to 255 and is in minutes The default is 10 minutes and a setting of 0 will never time out the session When
63. ers Professional organization that defines network standards IEEE LAN standards are the predominant LAN standards today and include protocols similar or virtually equivalent to Ether net and Token Ring IEEE 802 1d An algorithm used to prevent bridging loops by creating a spanning tree IEEE 802 2 An IEEE LAN protocol that specifies an implementation of the LLC sublayer of the data link layer It handles errors framing flow control network layer Layer 3 service interface and is used in LANs 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 111 Glossary IEEE 802 3 A physical layer standard specifying a linear bus network LAN with a CSMA CD access method on a bus topology Ethernet follows the 802 3 standard transmitting at 10 megabits per second This is the most common local area network specification Physical variations of IEEE 802 3 include 10Base2 and 10BaseT in band signalling Signalling made up of tones which pass within the voice frequency band and are carried along the same circuit as the talk path being established by the sig nals Virtually all signalling request for service dialing disconnect etc in the U S is in band signalling Most of that signalling is MF Multi Frequency dialing The more modern form of signalling is out of band interexchange carrier Since divestiture any carrier registered with the FCC authorized to carry cus tomer transmissions between LATAs interstate or if approved by a stat
64. ess L768 L1 5 router eth0 Express L768 L1 5 s ethernet port want Express L768 L1 5 s first PPP bundle fr 0 fr 9 Express L768 L1 5 is connected up to 10 DLCIs IP Routes Use Number of times the Express L768 L1 5 has referenced the route IP Routes Flags Important tags associated with this route entry H route is a host route G route is a gateway route D route learned dynamically from RIP I route learned from an ICMP redirect P route is private and is not advertised with RIP T route is to a triggered port updates only when table changes IP Routes Hops Number of routers that must go through to get to destination Ranges from 0 15 or 16 for infinite can t get there from here IP Routes TTL Seconds until address is removed from table or zombied Value of 999 means route is static 74 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Status IPX Routes Read security 5 This lists the contents of the Express L768 L1 5 s IPX router table IPX Routes Network Network destination address IPX Routes Gateway Node or Ethernet address of gateway to receive this packet IPX Routes Port Port gateway is located on local sent directly to the Express L768 L1 5 router eth0 Express L768 L1 5 s ethernet port wan0 Express L768 L1 5 s first PPP bundle fr0 fr9 Express L768 L1 5 is connected up to 10 DLCIs IPX Routes Use Number of times the Ex
65. ess L768 L1 5 s Ethernet port is set here Factory default is 255 255 255 0 IP Default Gateway Write security 3 Read security 5 The default gateway is used by the Express L768 L1 5 for sending IP packets 26 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure whose destination address is not found in the route table If this address is all zeros then the first WAN connection becomes the default gateway IP Static Routes Static Routes can be inserted under this menu Static Routes Active Write security 4 Read security 5 Adds this static route entry to the IP routing table when set to Yes def and removes it if it was previously added if set to No Static Routes IP Address Write security 4 Read security 5 This is the IP address of the host or network address of the device being routed to Static Routes Subnet Mask Write security 4 Read security 5 This mask determines the bits in the previous IP address that are used If this is to be a host route it must be set to all ones 255 255 255 255 Static Routes Gateway Write security 4 Read security 5 This is the IP address of the router to receive the forwarded IP packet Static Routes Hops Write security 4 Read security 5 This is the number of router hops required to get to the network or host Max imum distance is 15 hops Static Routes Private Write security 4 Read security 5 When set to No t
66. et up the ISDN parameters for the Express L768 L1 5 Figure 3 3 shows the WAN menu Express L1 5 Conf igurat ion WAN System Info HDSL C L2 Protocol PPP Management IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Figure 3 3 Configuration WAN Screen WAN HDSL Write security 2 Read security 5 Selects the mode the HDSL line is in HDSL Mode Write security 2 Read security 5 The Express L768 L1 5 can be in two modes HDSL Terminal Unit Central HTU C or HDSL Terminal Unit Remote HTU R def For HDSL synchro nization one unit must be HTU C and one must HTU R HDSL Channel Rate Write security 2 Read security 5 Determines the rate at which data is transferred over the HDSL link Possible rates are 128K 192K 256K 320K 384K 448K 512K 576K 640K 704K 768K and 1 536M available with Express L1 5 only 24 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure HDSL NEBEs Read security 5 This contains the number of Near End Block Errors NEBEs that have been detected by the Express L768 L1 5 s HDSL circuitry Continuous errors can indicate a line problem but a burst at one time is normal HDSL FEBEs Read security 5 This contains the number of Far End Block Errors FEBEs that have been de tected by the HDSL circuitry on the other end of the link Continuous errors can indicate a line problem but a burst at one time is normal WAN L2 Protoc
67. ets are any packets that are not IP or IPX packets except when the router is turned off in which case that particular router s pro tocol packets are bridged A setting of No means that no bridging will occur Bridge Map Bridge Group Write security 3 Read security 5 The bridge group that this DLCI is part of is specified here as Group 1 or Group 2 These groups correspond to the spanning tree protocols Bridge Group 1 and Bridge Group 2 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 53 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure DLCI Mapping Filters The Express L768 L1 5 can block packets in and out of a PVC port by use of the filters They are set up in two steps 1 define the types of packets that would be of interest in the Configuration Security Filter Defines menu and 2 set up the filter type and combination of defines that will cause a packet block Filters In from PVC Write security 2 Read security 5 The packets which come into the Express L768 L1 5 via this PVC can be fil tered in three ways Disabled def Turns off E input filtering No incoming packets from this PVC are blocked Block All All incoming packets from this PVC are blocked except as defined in the Filters In Exceptions list Forward All All incoming packets from this PVC are not blocked except as defined in the Filters In Exceptions list Filters In Exceptions Write security 2 Read security 5 This is a list of up to 32 filter ent
68. ex 10 Mbps operation over a four wire twisted pair Place the switch in the TO HUB position when connecting to a 10BaseT concentrator or Hub Place the switch in the TO NIC position when connecting directly to a computer s 10BaseT net work interface card Other types of ethernet interfaces i e AUI 10Base2 etc can be accommodat ed by obtaining an appropriate converter Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure TERMINAL MENU STRUCTURE The Express L768 L1 5 uses a multilevel menu structure containing both menu items and data fields All menu operations and data display in the ter minal menu window The Express L768 L1 5is shipped in the Factory Default configuration Connect any VT 100 or VT 220 type terminal emulator to the maintenance port The default rate is 9600 baud 8 N 1 The terminal emulator can flow the Express L768 L1 5 off using software flow control Hardware flow control is not used The opening menu the Main menu or top level menu is the access point to all other operations Each Main menu item has several functions and sub menus to identify and access specific parameters Figure 3 1 on page 16 shows the top level terminal menu In order to edit items in the terminal menus you must have the appropriate security level Each menu description in this section indicates the required security level re NOTE quired for write access The maintenance port is alwa
69. f the rate is 768K and below See Figure 1 1 for an illustration of the Express L768 L1 5 The 10BaseT con nector operates at 10 Mbits per second half duplex and accepts standard eth ernet packets encapsulated using IEEE 802 3 or Ethernet II DIX Because the 10BaseT is a four wire interface a crossover switch permits the user to connect to either a hub concentrator or network interface card without the need for special cabling The maintenance port can connect to any asynchronous termi nal emulating a VT 100 terminal for configuration SSS Se VXXPWESS VIR oor wR EY WRK MOON UI Y VRERWESS VA S VEST L1 5 Figure 1 1 Express L768 L1 5 4 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 11 5 Applications Single User to Corporate LAN Telecommuter Home Office Access to the corporate LAN Single device access User Datagram Protocol UDP broadcasts are relayed to corporate LAN Client device can obtain the Internet Protocol IP address dynamically us ing Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP e Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices Up to 8 kft Server Figure 1 2 Single User to Corporate LAN 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 5 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 Frame Relay Connectivity
70. f set to No the Express L768 L1 5 will ignore the virtual cir cuit with this DLCI DLCI Mapping DLCI Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the DLCI associated with this virtual circuit This value can range from 16 to 1007 DLCI Mapping IP Map Write security 3 Read security 5 This menu represents the IP protocol mapping that is to take place for this DL CI IP Map Active Write security 3 Read security 5 When this is set to Yes def the Express L768 L1 5 will attempt to transport IP packets for this DLCI A setting of No means that no IP traffic or route will be exchanged 50 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IP Map IARP Write security 3 Read security 5 When this is set to Yes def the Express L768 L1 5 will send Inverse ARP packets in order to determine the IP address on the other end of the virtual cir cuit If the IARP is responded to a route is placed in the IP route table A set ting of No means that the route address is to be assigned statically using the IP Map Far End IP Address parameter The Express L768 L1 5 will always respond to Inverse ARP requests IP Map Far End IP Address Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the IP address of the device on the other end of the virtual circuit When this DLCI becomes active the Express L768 L1 5 will add a route in the IP routing table IP Map IP Netmask Write security 3
71. fnumz inter dest lt ip gt level 4 An IP address ip could not be used for the interface number inter DHCP couldn t alloc mem level 1 A DHCP response could not be generated due to memory allocation problems DHCP response sent level 4 A DHCP response was successfully sent to requesting device DHCP socket failed level 1 Internal error occurred when attempting to start DHCP server DHCP Host not added to ARP table level 2 The DHCP server could not add requesting host to ARP table Installing bad default route ifnumz inter metric lt hops gt gw lt ip gt level 6 The Express L768 L1 5 did not install a default route because the inter or lt hops gt was zero Rejecting packet with Source Routing option src lt srcip gt dest lt destip gt level 4 The Express L768 L1 5 has dropped a source routed IP packet due to invalid parameters 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 95 Appendix B Log Messages setmask local IP iface 0 not done level 6 Debug error used in determining router stack problems syslog bad host level 2 Syslog function cannot use host name or IP set in Configuration Logs Syslog Host syslog no port level 2 Syslog function cannot open port to send Log entries TEL Telnet Session Closed level 4 Telnet server session has been closed telclient bad host level 2 Telnet client could not use host name or IP address set in Configuration Util
72. guration Con nection List Authentication parameters Tx Method Tx Username and Tx Password are correct Peer failed CHAP authen level 3 The PPP peer s reported CHAP username and or password does not match the Express L768 L1 5 s parameters This is most likely caused by PPP peer sending an incorrect username and or password Make sure the Configura tion Connection List Authentication parameters Rx Username and Rx Pass word are correctly entered Also if using RADIUS check that the server is configured and running properly Peer failed EAP authen level 3 The PPP peer s reported EAP username and or password does not match the Express L768 L1 5 s parameters This is most likely caused by PPP peer send ing incorrect username and or password Make sure the Configuration Con nection List Authentication parameters Rx Username and Rx Password are correctly entered Also if using RADIUS check that the server is configured and running properly 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 93 Appendix B Log Messages Peer failed PAP authen level 3 The PPP peer s reported PAP username and or password does not match the Express L768 L1 5 s parameters This is most likely caused by PPP peer send ing incorrect username and or password Make sure the Configuration Con nection List Authentication parameters Rx Username and Rx Password are correctly entered Also if using RADIUS check that the server is configured and running pr
73. hat interface If no default gateway is specified i e 0 0 0 0 the WAN interface becomes the default gate way recommended for remote applications when there are no other routers on the remote LAN IPX Routing Network routes and services are learned and advertised using Novell s RIP and SAP Concurrent Routing And Bridging The Express L768 L1 5 can route IP and IPX as well as bridge non IP IPX packets simultaneously The PPP profile will by default negotiate PPP net work protocols to support the transmission and reception of IP IPX and Bridge packets If the PPP peer does not accept a protocol the Express L768 L1 5 will fall back to any combination of routing and bridging Network Address Translation Mode NAT is a special mode of operation in which the Express L768 L1 5 obtains a dynamically assigned IP address from the peer router typically an Internet Service Provider This allows a network of computers to appear as a single IP address NAT is enabled if the layer two protocol is PPP and the PPP profile has the IP parameter NAT set to Yes or the layer two protocol is Frame Relay and a DLCI mapping has the IP Map Nat parameter set to Yes The network com puter s IP stack may use DHCP to request an IP address default gateway ad dress and domain name server addresses from the Express L768 L1 5 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 9 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 Front Panel F
74. he Express L768 L1 5 will advertise this static route using RIP Otherwise setting to Yes means that the route is kept private 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 27 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IP IP Router The IP router is configured under this menu as follows IP Router Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 When this option is set to On def the Express L768 L1 5 will advertise and listen to routes from other IP routers If Off the route table is still used but only static routes are used for routing IP packets and only the Ethernet port is used IP packets can be sent over the WAN but only when bridged IP RIP Write security 3 Read security 5 The Routing Information Protocol RIP is supported by the Express L768 L1 5 The following parameters are required for setting up the mode on the Ethernet port RIP Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 This option turns RIP On def or Off RIP Protocol Write security 3 Read security 5 Version can be V1 def or V2 RIP Method Write security 3 Read security 5 Split Horizon Only routes not learned on the Ethernet port are advertised Poison Reverse def All routes are advertised including routes learned from the Ethernet port These routes are poisoned None All routes are advertised including routes learned from the Ethernet port No attempt is made to poison these routes 28 Express L768 L1 5 User
75. he remote machine TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol A set of protocols devel oped by the Department of Defense to link dissimilar computers across many kinds of networks twisted pair Two wires twisted around each other to reduce induction interference from one wire to the other Several sets of twisted pair wires may be enclosed in a single cable Twisted pair is the normal cabling from a central office to your home or office or from your PBX to your office phone Twisted pair wiring comes in various thicknesses As a general rule the thicker the cable is the better the quality of the conversation and the longer cable can be and still get acceptable conversation quality However the thicker it is the more it costs 116 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Glosssary 2B4D 23B D The Basic Rate Interface BRI inISDN A single ISDN circuit divided into two 64 kbps digital channels for voice or data and one 16 kbps channel for low speed data up to 9 600 baud and signalling 2B D is carried on one or two pairs of wires depending on the interface the same wire pairs that today bring a single voice circuit into your home or office See ISDN In ISDN also known as the Primary Rate Interface A circuit with a wide range of frequencies that is divided in twenty three 64 kbps paths for carrying voice data video or other information simultaneously It bears a remarkable similarity to today s T1
76. igurable text string for the location of the Express L768 L1 5 This helps to keep track of the physical location of the unit You can enter 22 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure up to 31 alpha numeric characters in this field including spaces and special characters such as an under bar System Contact Write security 3 Read security 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the contact name This field can contain a name phone number or e mail address of a person responsible for the Express L768 L1 5 You can enter up to 31 alpha numeric characters in this field including spaces and special characters such as an under bar Firmware Revision Read security 5 Displays the current firmware revision level of the Express L768 L1 5 This field is a read only field System Uptime Read security 5 Displays the length of time the Express L768 L1 5 has been running since power up or reset This field is a read only field Date Time Write security 3 Read security 5 Displays the current date and time as programmed in the real time clock This field can be edited Enter the time in 24 hour format such as 23 00 00 to rep resent 11 00 PM Enter the date in mm dd yyyy format for example 09 30 1997 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 23 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration WAN The WAN menu is used to s
77. igure 1 5 shows the front panel of the Express L768 L1 5 The indicators are divided into LAN functions WAN functions and Test functions Indicators TX RX Flashes when transmitting and receiving data on the 10BaseT connector LI Link integrity Illuminates when there is a good connection between the Express L768 L1 5 and the Hub NIC card LOOP LOOP1 Flashes when loop 1 pins 1 and 2 on RJ 45 is not in sync Solid when loop 1 is in sync LINK LOOP2 On Express L768 Illuminates when either PPP or Frame Relay has an active connection On Express L1 5 Flashes when loop 2 pins 4 and 5 on RJ 45 is not in sync Solid when loop 2 is in sync Aw EY ON EN 2 L768 EY ien oon Mm VEST L1 5 Figure 1 5 Express L768 L1 5 Front Panels 10 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 Rear Panel The Express L768 L1 5 has one RJ 45 jack labeled HDSL on the rear panel for network connection see Figure 1 6 There are two sets of switches on the back panel The TO HUB TO NIC switch allows the Express L768 L1 5 to connect directly to a Network Interface Card NIC or a HUB without the need for spe cial cabling The OFF ON switch block is for factory default and firmware downloading With switch 1 in the up or OFF position the Express L768 L1 5 will immediately go into a download mode when power is enabled Switch 1 must be in the down or ON p
78. ilters Out Exceptions Write security 2 Read security 5 This is a list of up to 32 filter entries The setup is exactly the same as the Filter In Exceptions list 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 55 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration PPP Profile The Express L768 L1 5 uses the PPP profile to specify the profile used when connected using PPP Figure 3 9 shows the PPP profile menu Express L1 5 Configuration PPP Profile Authentication IP IPX Bridge PPP Filters MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z help 11 38 Figure 3 9 Configuration PPP Profile Screen PPP Profile Authentication The authentication menu contains the required parameters for the authentica tion of the PPP peer and for being authenticated by the PPP peer Authentication is applied between the Express L768 L1 5 and the PPP peer as follows 56 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Authentication Tx Method Write security 2 Read security 3 This parameter specifies how the Express L768 L1 5 is to be authenticated by the PPP peer There are four possible selections See Security PPP on page 44 for an explanation of the three PPP standard authentication types None def The connection will not allow the PPP peer to authenticate it PAP CHAP or EAP The connection can be authenticated using PAP
79. in the MAC type field used for comparison hexadecimal format Filter Defines Pattern Filter Defines Write security 2 Read security 3 The pattern filter is applied to bridge packets only That is any packet which is forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express L768 L1 5 Up to 32 pattern defines can be specified Name Offset Pattern Mask Identifies the filter entry Offset from beginning of packet of where to start the pattern comparison 64 bits used for comparison hexadecimal format Bits in the pattern to be compared hexadecimal format 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 45 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filter Defines IP Filter Defines Write security 2 Read security 3 The IP filter defines apply to any IP packet whether it is routed or bridged Up to 32 IP defines can be specified Name IP Src Src Mask IP Dest Dest Mask Src Port Src Port Cmpr Dst Port Dst Port Cmpr Proto Proto Cmpr TCP Est Identifies the filter entry IP address compared to the source address dotted decimal format Bits which are used in the source comparison dotted decimal format IP address compared to the destination address dotted decimal format Bits which are used in the destination comparison dotted decimal format IP source port number used for comparison Range 0 to 65535 decimal format Type of comparison that is performed m
80. ined zones and device names by pro viding and maintaining translation tables that map these names to corresponding socket addresses NAT Network Address Translation occurs at the borders of stub domains Its pur pose is to translate the IP address of pa packets by changing all references of one IP address to another Translation is performed as per REC 1631 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 113 Glossary netmask A 32 bit bit mask which shows how an Internet address is to be divided into network subnet and host parts The netmask has ones in the bit positions in the 32 bit address which are to be used for the network and subnet parts and zeros for the host part The mask should contain at least the standard network portion as determined by the address s class and the subnet field should be contiguous with the network portion non ISDN line Any connection from a CPE to a SPCS that is not served by D Channel signal ling non ISDN trunk Any trunk not served by either S57 or D Channel signalling NT1 Network Termination 1 A unit that provides physical and electromagnetic termination of the U interface 2 wire transmission line converts between Lay er 1 formats used at the U and T reference points and performs some main tenance functions phase jitter In telephony the measurement in degrees out of phase that an analog signal deviates from the reference phase of the main data carrying signal Often caused b
81. interface 105 command prompt mode 69 commands 107 communities 101 communities manager IP 67 communities name 67 communities privilege 67 concurrent routing and bridging 9 configuration 11 downloading uploading 107 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 121 Index configuration menu 15 22 configuration bridge 36 configuration frame relay 48 configuration IP 26 configuration IPX 33 configuration management 65 configuration management menu 65 configuration PPP profile 56 configuration security 42 configuration system info 22 configuration terminal mode 69 configuration WAN 24 connection LAN 14 connection list profile deleting 50 connection log 80 connection log active 80 connection log clear 81 connection log level 81 connection log view 81 connection log wrap 81 connector pinouts 103 corporate LAN 5 7 customer and product service 13 D data bits 69 date time 23 default gateway 26 demand bridging 8 demand routing 8 DHCP mode 29 display 87 DLCI mapping 49 DLCI mapping active 50 DLCI mapping bridge map 53 DLCI mapping DLCI 50 DLCI Mapping filters 54 DLCI mapping IP map 50 DLCI mapping IPX map 52 DLCI table 72 DNS 30 DNS server 30 DNS domain name 30 DNS server 1 30 DNS server 2 30 domain name 30 download uploading configuration 107 EAP 44 57 echo request 78 EIA 232 interface 103 embedded agent 100 environmental specifications 87 Ethernet interface 104 Ethernet in
82. interface with associated electrical stone une be tween DCE and DTE The most commonly employed interface between com puter devices and modems RTMP Routing Table Maintenance Protocol The AppleTalk protocol used to estab lish and maintain the routing information that is required by internet routers in order to route datagrams from any source socket to any destination socket in the internet Using RTMP internet routers dynamically maintain routing tables to reflect changes in internet topology service advertising protocol SAP An IPX protocol through which network resources such as servers become known to clients serving area Region surrounding a broadcasting station where signal strength is at or above a stated minimum The geographic area handled by a telephone central office facility Generally equivalent to a LATA SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP provides a means to monitor and set network configuration and runtime parameters spanning tree A loop free subset of the topology of a network SPCS Stored Program Controlled Switch A digital switch that supports call control routing and supplementary services provision under software control All ISDN switches are SPCSs 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 115 Glossary spoofing Spoofing reduces the required bandwidth by having devices such as bridges or routers answer for the remote devices This causes the remote LAN to ap pear as if it is
83. it Data MAINTENANCE 4 DTR N C Data Terminal Ready 5 GND N A Signal Ground DSR N C Data Set Ready 7 RTS Request to Send 8 CTS O Clear to Send 9 RI N C Ring Indicator I Input O Output N A Not Applicable N C Not Connected Table D B RJ 45 HDSL BRI U D D D Pin loop 1 n2 Loop n3 no connection n4 Loop 2 Express L1 5 only Pin 5 Loop 2 Express L1 5 only Pin 8 no connection 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 103 Appendix D Connector Pinouts Table D C 10BaseT Ethernet Switch Position TO NIC TO HUB Pin 1 TX RX1 10BT Pin 2 TX2 RX2 Pin 3 RX1 TX Pin 6 RX2 TX2 NOTE The switch position can be set for either TO NIC or TO HUB on the back panel of the Express L768 L1 5 The rear panel is illustrated in Figure 1 6 on page 11 104 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands The Express L768 L1 5 supports a command line interface All menu options are configurable and readable from the terminal mode Additional commands are also available Menu Commands Every menu item in the menu structure can be accessed through the terminal mode interface Terminal commands are as follows top menu sub menul sub menu2 config item Each config item is entered as shown below TYPE ENTERED AS string printable characters within double quotes password printable characters within double quotes IP address Xx Xx xx
84. ith the PPP peer ISP Multiple stations on the Ethernet side can access the Internet simultaneously See the section IP NAT on page 29 for more global options Setting this option to On will cause the Express L768 L1 5 to perform NAT In the Off def position the unit will route across the connection normally IP Route The IP parameters are configured in this menu Usually the Express L768 L1 5 will automatically discover the PPP peer s networks using PPP IPCP and or RIP Route IP Net Write security 3 Read security 5 The PPP peer s IP address or network can be set here if known Leaving this at 0 0 0 0 means that the Express L768 L1 5 will determine the PPP peer s IP and network using the PPP IPCP Route Netmask Write security 3 Read security 5 This network mask is applied to the IP NET address for determining the PPP peer s network If left as 0 0 0 0 a standard network mask is used 58 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Route Force IP Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to Yes the Express L768 L1 5 will force the PPP peer to use the IP address in the IP Net for this profile as its WAN IP address Normally this is set in the No def position IP RIP The RIP parameters can be adjusted from their defaults under this menu RIP Mode Write security 3 Read security 5 The Express L768 L1 5 will perform RIP over the WAN connection when this
85. link except that T1 carries 24 voice channels In ISDN 23B D gives twenty three channels and one D channel for out of band signal ling However in T1 signalling is handled in band See ISDN two wire circuit A transmission circuit composed of two wires signal and ground used to both send and receive information In contrast a 4 wire circuit consists of two pairs One pee is used to send and one pair is used to receive All trunk cir cuits long distance are 4 wire A 4 wire circuit delivers better reception but also costs more All local loop circuits those coming from a Class 5 central of fice to the subscriber s phone system are 2 wire unless a 4 wire circuit is re quested U interface ZIP A twisted pair subscriber loop that connects the NT1 reference point to the ISDN network as defined in the 1 411 Recommendation This interface pro vides Basic Rate Access with an operating frequency of 160 kbps and an infor mation rate of 144 kbps Under U S regulations this also marks the line of demarcation between customer owned equipment and the public network Zone Information Protocol The AppleTalk session layer protocol used to maintain and discover the internet wide mapping of network number ranges to zone names Zombie Routes Routes that have been identified by the router to be deleted They remain in the router s route table for a specified amount of time with an infinite metric so that all other routers will lea
86. m Info Sereen mocoococinoncnonnnnrnenennnnnrarnannrarnnnnnnnnaso 22 Figure 3 3 Configuration W AN Screen ooococononennnnonnnnnnnnnrarnnnennnanananoanararanancnnnaso 24 Figure 3 4 Configuration IP Screen E 26 Figure 3 5 Configuration IPX Screen sss eee 33 Figure 3 6 Configuration Bridge Screen sss 36 Figure 3 7 Configuration Security Screen sssssssssssseeeeeeet 42 Figure 3 8 Configuration Frame Relay Gecreen sss 48 Figure 3 9 Configuration PPP Profile Screen oconcoconincnonncncnncncnncnrrnrnnonrnooso 56 Figure 3 10 Configuration Management Decreen sss 65 Figure 3 11 Stat s SCEE EE 70 Figure 3 12 Test Screenccs eint d seis Beet Hegel eee tte i Baas ds 78 Figure 3 13 logs Scteen sioe gue Re e HERREN 79 Figure 3 14 Utilities Screeri e eee IN 83 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual ix List of Figures x Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 List of Tables Table D A IBM AT Style EIA 232 Interface ue 103 Table D B RJS ADSL BR Until eee 103 Table D C TOBaseT Ethene Canen nn e en et e ror e EA SEET stows 104 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual xi List of Tables xii Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Quick Startup Guide SETTING UP THE HDSL LINE The Express L768 L1 5 works over leased or dry copper provided by the lo cal telephone company See Chapter 4 on page 87 for specifications on maxi mum distance If the Express L76
87. meters including passwords 1 Access all parameters except passwords 2 Access all parameters except passwords and authentication methods 3 Access all parameters except passwords authentication methods and ISDN parameters 4 Access only test and status menus 5 Access status menus only 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 21 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure CONFIGURATION MENU Configuration System Info The System Info menu provides basic information about the unit and displays data fields for editing information Figure 3 2 displays the submenus avail able under this menu item System Name System Location System Contact Adtran Customer Service 888 423 8726 Firmware Revision A 3 System Upt ime 9 mins 54 secs Security Date Time Thursday May 7 11 16 54 1998 Frame Relay PPP Profile Management MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link doun RATE Idle Z help 11 16_ Figure 3 2 Configuration System Info Screen System Name Write security 3 Read security 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the name of the Express L768 L1 5 This name can help distinguish between different installations You can enter up to 31 alpha numeric characters in this field including spaces and special characters such as an under bar The system name is also used for PPP au thentication and IPX service name System Location Write security 3 Read security 5 Provides a user conf
88. n configuration Listening Port is in the listening state Learning Port is in the learning state Forwarding Port is in the forwarding state with the following possible properties root is the root port designated is designated port Blocking Port is in the blocked state Status ARP Cache Read security 5 This lists the contents of the Express L768 L1 5 s ARP table All resolved cache entries time out after 20 minutes Unresolved entries time out in 3 min utes ARP Cache IP Address IP address used for resolving MAC address ARP Cache MAC Address Ethernet address resolved 02no resolution ARP Cache Time Minutes since entry was first entered 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 73 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Status Bridge Table Read security 5 This lists the contents of the Express L768 L1 5 s bridge table Bridge Cache MAC Address Ethernet address for device learned Bridge Cache Port Port device learned from LAN WANO or WAN1 Bridge Cache TTL Seconds until address is removed from table Status IP Routes Read security 5 This lists the contents of the Express L768 L1 5 s IP router table IP Routes IP Address Network or host destination address IP Routes Netmask Network mask applied to the destination address IP Routes Gateway Host or router to receive this packet IP Routes Port Port gateway is located on local sent directly to the Expr
89. nation MAC address that is not in the bridge table is forwarded to all other ports When set to Known the packet with the unknown destination MAC address is dropped and is not forwarded 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 41 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration Security The Security menu is used to set up the authentication parameters needed to authenticate PPP connection Also the filter defines are placed under this menu Figure 3 7 shows the Security menu System Info Authentication None WAN Radius Server C IP PPP CHAP or EAP IPX Filter Defines Bridge Frame Relay PPP Profile Management MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z help 11 35 Security Authentication Figure 3 7 Configuration Security Screen Write security 1 Read security 2 The method used for authenticating the PPP peer is selected here The possi ble values are None def No attempt is made to authenticate the PPP peer Radius The Express L768 L1 5 will act as a RADIUS client and authenticate the PPP peer using the RADIUS server The Radius server parameters must be set up properly for this to work PPP Profile The PPP profile is used to authenticate the PPP peer See Configuration PPP Profile on page 56 for more information on authenticating 42 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Security Radius
90. ndor consortium and is also known as the consortium management interface specification It is still used by some carriers in the U S Static This should be selected when there is no Frame Relay switch in the circuit The DLCIs are assigned in the DLCI Mapping and must be the same for the device it will communicate with Frame Relay Polling Frequency Write security 3 Read security 5 This parameter is the interval that the Express L768 L1 5 polls the Frame Re lay switch using the maintenance protocol selected above The Express L768 L1 5 is required to poll the Frame Relay switch periodically to determine whether the link is active The value is in seconds and ranges from 5 to 30 sec onds with a default of 15 seconds Frame Relay DLCI Mapping This menu allows each DLCI to be mapped to a particular Frame Relay main tenance protocol Each protocol parameter can be individually configured for each DLCI By factory default the DLCI map is empty When empty and a maintenance protocol other than staticis used the Express L768 L1 5 will poll the switch to determine which DLCIs are active These ac tive DLCIs will attempt to determine the IP and IPX addresses on the other end of the virtual circuit using Inverse ARP IARP If there is a response the net work learned will be added to the router tables and the virtual circuit will be treated as an unnumbered interface Bridge mode is not attemped in this case 61202192L1 1 Express
91. ne ee no rnb P tet nera 62 PPPZMax Fail te c erae EROR taa 62 PPP Profile Eller ee ee aia pie REOS 62 Filters WAN to LAN In eese 62 ADA antennas 63 Filters LAN to W AN Ont eeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeet enne tenen eene nennen nnne 64 Filters Out ExceptlONS unicas n ae tette reet 64 Configuration Management ccccccccccsessscsssssecesscesesssccsesesscecesseeessscsesssscesesesseeeseees 65 anagemerit Telnet svc odios abet ee P e Fede II Hera det nie rare 65 Telnet EE 65 Tel et User FiSE ente eene ete a E Nei 66 User List Name iacere aane De n He SERA 66 User List Authen Method 66 User List Daseword eese rnia ranas ate aaa nanait asiasia 66 User ESA ere EE EE 66 User List Level nuo eerte terere ceteri eec dee en teer ceres 66 Management SNMP esses nennen nennen tenet er tes cano nn entes eser te ennt 67 SNMP Actas sisi a A rad be o ad LN e ondaa 67 GNMP ZCommumittes nc cnn nononnnnc crono raa AREE AnA 67 Gommu nities INamie 5 nonet ld Ite Pecan 67 Communities Privilege EEN 67 Communities Manager IP ENEE 67 KEE 68 Traps Manager Name EE 68 Traps Manager IP esee nente poe ideo e aa gne ates 68 Management Maint POrt connect reed rers 68 Maint Port Password Protect ccoooccnnccncconcccnonnnocinonnninonanonnnnc nnne nnne nenne 68 Maint Port Password 3 3 2 tec 68 61202192L1 1 Express L768 11 5 User Manual v Table of Contents Maint Port Baud Rate
92. o the PPP peer Normal ly this is not necessary over ISDN connections and can be set to Off def to disable it 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure PPP Max Config Write security 3 Read security 5 This valueis the number of unanswered configuration requests that should be transmitted before giving up on a call The possible values are 5 10 def 15 and 20 PPP Max Timer Write security 3 Read security 5 This value is the number of seconds to wait between unanswered configura tion requests The possible values are 1 sec 2 secs def 3 secs 5 secs and 10 secs PPP Max Failure Write security 3 Read security 5 Due to the nature of PPP configuration options may not be agreed upon be tween two PPP peers This value is the number of configuration naks that should occur before an option is configuration rejected This allows a connec tion to succeed that might otherwise fail The possible values are 5 def 10 15 and 20 PPP Profile Filters The Express L768 L1 5 can block packets in and out of a WAN port by use of the filters They are set up in two steps 1 define the types of packets that would be of interest in the Configuration Security Filter Defines menu and 2 set up the filter type and combination of defines that will cause a packet block Filters WAN to LAN In Write security 2 Read security 5 The packets which come into the Exp
93. oftware routers residing on servers on the Ethernet segment connected to this port and use this number if it exists If it does not discover a number in use the Express L768 L1 5 will auto generate a valid number using its routing tables IPX RIP Timer Write security 3 Read security 5 This value specifies how often the Express L768 L1 5 sends out IPX RIP pack ets on the network segment attached to the Ethernet port The RIP packets sent contain routing information about the networks for which this Express L768 L1 5 is responsible The default value is 60 seconds 34 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IPX SAP Timer Write security 3 Read security 5 This value specifies how often the Express L768 L1 5 sends out IPX SAP Ser vice Access Protocol packets on the network segment attached to the Ethernet port The SAP packets sent contain information about the services such as servers printers etc for which this Express L768 L1 5 is responsible The de fault value is 60 seconds 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 35 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration Bridge The Bridge menu is used to set up the bridge parameters for the Express L768 L1 5 The bridging function runs at the Media Access Control MAC level which allows any protocol packets that run over Ethernet to be forwarded Bridging can run concurrently with
94. ol Write security 3 Read security 5 This parameter specifies the layer 2 data link layer transport used When se lected as PPP def the Express L768 L1 5 will negotiate PPP over the HDSL interface This would be used mainly for campus wiring applications Param eters for controlling the PPP negotiation are in the Configuration PPP Profile menu Frame Relay should be selected when the Express L768 L1 5 is con nected to a Frame Relay switch The Configuration WAN Frame Relay menu is used for controlling the Frame Relay parameters 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 25 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration IP The IP menu is used to set up the IP parameters for the Express L768 L1 5 Any general IP related configuration item is under this menu Figure 3 4 shows the IP menu Express L1 5 Conf iguration IP System Info IP Address 10 0 0 1 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Cateway 0 0 0 0 Static Routes C IP Router C NAT C DNS C PPP Profile UDP Relay C Management Proxy ARP Yes MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z help 11 32 Figure 3 4 Configuration IP Screen IP IP Address Write security 2 Read security 5 The IP address assigned to the Express L768 L1 5 s Ethernet port is set here This address must be unique within the network Factory default is 10 0 0 1 IP Subnet Mask Write security 2 Read security 5 The IP network mask to be applied to the Expr
95. operly Peer refused authen level 3 The PPP peer would not allow the Express L768 L1 5 to authenticate it using the method set in Configuration Security PPP Peer refused SpanTree level 4 The PPP peer would not participate in the Spanning Tree protocol This isa warning message only Bridging will still occur across the WAN port so care must be taken that no loop topologies exist across the connection PPPtx x level 6 Advance debugging decode of transmitted PPP configuration packets PPPrx x level 6 Advanced debugging decode of received PPP configuration packets Call Log Messages Power Up last down cause reason level 0 displayed as level 1 after the unit is reset This is the reason for the last reset Most are caused by internal errors Pos sible reasons are Bus Error Bad address occurred on the internal bus Kernel error General operating system error No SBCs Mail resources used up or lost 94 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix B Log Messages Router stack error Fatal error in protocol stack general panic general error no rip rip tasks could not start out of memory out of available memory out of TCP ports all TCP ports are used up unknown error unknown fatal error has occurred Set timer error Cannot set real time clock Software Watch Dog Reset Software watchdog was not updated Network Log Messages Attempting to add bad IP iface route i
96. or almost anyone with a net work The Express L768 L1 5 provides many tools for securing the local net work from hostile users Connections can be authenticated using passwords A RADIUS client can also be used The Telnet configuration can also be protected using the same authentication methods Each menu item in the Express L768 L1 5 has a security level asso ciated with it A telnet session is assigned a privilege level which determines which menu items are accessible to the telnet client See Security Levels on page 21 in Chapter 3 for more information on menu security levels Filters can be defined to prevent certain addresses or protocols from being transferred from LAN to WAN WAN to LAN or WAN to W AN Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 2 Installation After unpacking the unit immediately inspect it for possible shipping dam age If damage is discovered file a claim immediately with the shipping car rier then contact the ADTRAN Customer and Product Service CAPS department see inside back cover for information HDSL NETWORK CONNECTION TI Overview The T1 digital communications link has been used by telephone companies telcos for transmitting voice since the early sixties The D4 channel bank is a T1 digital carrier system that was introduced in the mid seventies and is still widely used by telcos Communication demands of businesses continued to grow to the point that the telcos began offering
97. osition in order to boot up normally Switch 2 in the up or OFF position will force the entire configuration to be factory default ed The Express L768 transfers data up to 768 kbps over a two wire facility The Express L1 5 transfers data up to 1 536 Mbps over a four wire facility This type of service is a permanent connection between endpoints or between the unit and the Frame Relay cloud It is sometimes referred to as a leased connec tion a dedicated connection a nailed up connection or a private circuit Leased connection or leased line is used in this manual to represent these types of services 1202192L1 1202192L2 jl HDSL TO TO 1 HUB NIC o KD Um oz 3 S on BEBE POWER o 10BASET ElA232 l J Figure 1 6 Express L768 L1 5 Rear Panel eh Configuration The Express L768 L 1 5 is configured using a menu based interface This in terface can be accessed via the maintenance port using any asynchronous VT 100 terminal or personal computer running a terminal emulation program or via the LAN using a Telnet client program To use the Telnet interface the Express L768 L1 5 must first have an IP address programmed into it via the maintenance port The factory default is 10 0 0 1 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 11 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 Security Security on network devices is a major concern f
98. peer IPXCP X down level 5 IPX Control Protocol port X has been dropped between Express L768 L1 5 and PPP peer IPXCP X up level 5 IPX Control Protocol port X has been successfully negotiated between Ex press L768 L1 5 and PPP peer LCP X down level 5 Link Control Protocol port X has been dropped between Express L768 L1 5 and PPP peer LCP X up level 5 Link Control Protocol port X has been successfully negotiated between Ex press L768 L1 5 and PPP peer Link is looped back level 3 The Express L768 L1 5 has dialed a location which is looping back all data Essentially it has negotiated PPP with itself 92 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix B Log Messages Negot not converging level 2 Negotiation of the LCP layer is unattainable due to misconfiguration or the Ex press L768 L1 5 or PPP peer is requiring authentication and the other is refus ing No IP addr for peer level 2 The Express L768 L1 5 cannot continue the connection because there was no IP address received from the PPP peer or it was not set in Configuration Con nection List IP Route IP Net parameter No Response from peer level 2 The Express L768 L1 5 has dialed or answered a call and no PPP negotiation packets were seen PAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express L768 L1 5 s username and or pass word used for authenticating Check to make sure the Confi
99. plications include connectivity between single user or small offices to corporate LANs The Express L768 L1 5 uses the Spanning Tree Algo rithm IEEE 802 1d ISO IEC10038 which provides a loop free topology and redundancy 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 7 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 2 IP Router The Express L768 L1 5 can function as an IP router using the Routing Information Protocol RIP for advertising and learning routes among other routers Static routes may also be entered into the routing ta ble IPX Router IPX routers and services can be exchanged between the Ex press L768 L1 5 and other devices using RIP and Service Advertising Pro tocol SAP Watch dog serialization filtering and spoofing can permit the ISDN to be idle during no application traffic periods Network Address Translation NAT Single networks can connect to the Internet with this function The Express L768 L1 5 translates outgoing IP packets over the HDSL to the IP router at the Internet Service Provider Many popular Internet applications are supported PPP or Frame Relay The layer two protocol used to transfer packets can be PPP or Frame Relay RFC 1490 PPP allows a point to point connec tion whereas Frame Relay can provide up to ten permanent virtual cir cuits Routing and Bridging with the Express L768 L1 5 The Express L768 L1 5 is a Router and Transparent Learning Bridge Its fea tures can b
100. press L768 L1 5 has referenced the route IPX Routes Hops Number of routers that must go through to get to destination Ranges from 0 15 or 16 for infinite can t get there from here IPX Routes Ticks Router determined value for representing time packets take to reach the network destination One tick is equivalent to one eighteenth of a second IPX Routes TTL Seconds until address is removed from table Value of 999 means route is static Status IPX Servers Read security 5 This lists the contents of the Express L768 L1 5 s IPX server table IPX Servers Type The server type IPX Servers Name The server name IPX Servers Network The server network address IPX Servers Address The servers node address IPX Servers Socket The servers socket address 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 75 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IPX Ar HUP Number of routers that must go through to get to server Ranges from 0 15 or 16 for infinite IPX Servers TTL Seconds until address is removed from table Value of 999 means server is static Status WAN Stats Read security 5 This menu contains generic WAN statistics on HDLC hardware port HDLC Port Tx Bytes total number of raw bytes sent out HDLC port 1 Rx Bytes total number of raw bytes received in HDLC port 1 Rx CRCs total number of CRC errors detected on HDLC port 1 Clear Counts When activated clears all WAN stat counts Status L
101. qual the log level are logged into the log PPP Log Wrap When set to Yes def new PPP events will overwrite old PPP events when the log is full All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No PPP Log Level In order to log events they must be at or below this level Range is 0 to 6 The default is 3 PPP Log View This menu displays the log list The fields are as follows Date Time Date and time event occurred Level Level associated with this event 0 6 Message Text message for this event If message is too long to fit on the line another event appears below it continuing the message PPP Log Clear This clears the log when activated Logs Connection Log Information pertaining to the connection over the HDSL link Connection Log Active When set to Yes def connection events below or equal the log level are logged into the log 80 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Connection Log Wrap When set to Yes def new connection events will overwrite old connection events when the log is full All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No Connection Log Level In order to log events they must be at or below this level Range is 0 to 6 The default is 3 Connection Log View This menu displays the log list The fields are as follows Date Time Date and time event occurred Level Level associated with this event 0 6
102. r the index number of a list then all of the items in the row of the list are copied For example if the cursor is over the Num field in the Frame Relay Mapping screen all of the information associated with the Map entry is copied P Pastes the item stored in the clipboard if the information in compatible You must confirm all pastes except those to a single editable field gt For certain types of fields when you paste information into the field the value increments by 1 lt For certain types of fields when you paste information into the field the value decrements by 1 I Inserts a new item in a list For example add a new item to the Connection List by pressing I while the cursor is over the index number D Deletes a list item For example delete an item from the Connection List by pressing D while the index number is active 20 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Security Levels Each menu item on the configuration screens has an associated security level The security level ranges from 0 highest security level to 5 lowest security level This level determines whether a Telnet session can access that menu item The Telnet session is assigned a security level set by the user Passwords can only be accessed as security level 0 The maintenance port is always at se curity level 0 The security levels are assigned as follows Level 0 Access all para
103. ress L768 L1 5 can be filtered in three ways Disabled def Turns off packet input filtering No incoming packets are blocked Block All All incoming packets from the WAN are blocked except as defined in the Filters In Exceptions list 62 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Forward All All incoming packets from the WAN are not blocked except as defined in the Filters In Exceptions list Filters In Exceptions Write security 2 Read security 5 This is a list of up to 32 filter entries which can be combined using the opera tions field The operations are performed in the order they appear on the list Active Turns this entry active when set to On Type Selects the filter define list to reference from the Configuration Security Filter Defines MAC Filter Defines list Pattern from the Configuration Security Filter Defines Pattern Filter Defines list IP from the Configuration Security Filter Defines IP Filter Defines list IPX from the Configuration Security Filter Defines IPX Filter Defines list Filter List Name Selects between filters defined in the list Next Oper The next operation to use to combine with the next filter in the list END the last filter to combination AND logically AND this filter with the next filter in the list OR logically OR this filter with the next filter in the list 61202192L1 1 Express L76
104. ries which can be combined using the opera tions field The operations are performed in the order they appear on the list Active Turns this entry active when set to On Type Selects the filter define list to reference MAC from the Configuration Security Filter Defines MAC Filter Defines list Pattern from the Configuration Security Filter Defines Pattern Filter Defines list IP from the Configuration Security Filter Defines IP Filter Defines list IPX from the Configuration Security Filter Defines IPX Filter Defines list Filter List Name Selects between filters defined in the list 54 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Next Oper The next operation to use to combine with the next filter in the list END the last filter to combination AND logically AND this filter with the next filter in the list OR logically OR this filter with the next filter in the list Filters Out to PVC Write security 2 Read security 5 The packets which transmit out this PVC from the Express L768 L1 5 can be filtered in three ways Disabled def Turns off packet output filtering No outgoing packets to this PVC are blocked Block All All outgoing LS to this PVC are blocked except as defined in the Filters Out Exceptions list Forward All All outgoing packets to this PVC are not blocked except as defined in the Filters Out Exceptions list F
105. rn of this router s intention to delete them 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 117 Glossary 118 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Acronyms AFP neg Ape e Echo Protocol AMi esigi Alternate Mark Inversion ARP se Address Resolution Protocol B Channel A 64 kbps digital information channel BCP caia Bridge Control Protocol BONDING Bandwidth On Demand Interoperability Group BOOTDP Bootstrap Protocol BPDU Bridging Protocol Data Unit bps z eee Bits per second BP CA Bytes per second BRI irinse Basic Rate Interface E Call Appearance CCP aseene Compression Control Protocol CCITT s Consultative Committee for International Telegraphy and Telephony e RE Carrier Detect CPE hee Customer Premises Equipment CRC oriris Cyclic Redundancy Check CSMA CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detect DCH iie Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DECI e Data Link Connection Identifier DMS Digital Multiplex Switching DTE Data Terminal Equipment DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequenc EKTS Electronic Key Telephone Service ESS eene Electronic Switching System FAX siiin Facsimile EFEBE Far End Block Errors BER ues File Transfer Protocol HDSL High Bit Rate Digital Subscriber Line HTU C HDSL Terminal Unit Central HTU HR HDSL Terminal Unit Remote
106. rs Outto PV Gis ner Ree te oerte eie ee bate 55 Filters Out Bxceptions EE 55 Config ration PPP Profile i ospite metet eere LER ee Re Er eine cerca tie 56 PPP Profile Authentication esee eren erret er tnt ee nnne nnns 56 Authentication Tx Method 57 Authentication Tx Username esee eene enne 57 Authentication Tx Password essere nennen nnn 57 Authentication Rx Username 57 Authentication Rx Password eese 57 PPP Profile IP etre irte e 58 ISO D e EE 58 MANE roe doit Sas RG b ce x ode i E ke Sos atthe do cL a 58 iv Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Table of Contents IP ROUGE RS TG Me e te ete nus 58 Route ALP Neto titre praet triente eme gas 58 Route Netmask cei enis 58 Ro te Botrce P reete tree ege 59 TPARTP UE mmm 59 RIPZMOCGe 5 6 n oA Mica tno ET UT Uae tai ns EE 59 RIP Protocol doi hs doe Eege 59 RIP Meth d BEE 59 RI EM eeh suere ee eee etre er eer re EE de 59 RIP Trigeered nee ee teen od ERR RO 60 PPP Profile PA icto etie eget ea Ree e Ro meses Ponens 60 MITA AAA i ate o ide e a e i 60 IPX Remote Network 60 IPX TINS SOTO os ed eee tene sh pete eerta e een 60 IPX Type 20 Packets eani eebe 60 PPP Profile Bridge nr re eerte ern eer creen entered 61 Bride Te EE 61 PPP Profile P PPP e A ent etie AE 61 PPPY VJ GOompresSiOn ende reete tke te i eee Pin eee He rand 61 PPP Max Config ciet mentem PODER 62 PPP Ma Deg eege
107. rtual circuit Inactive means the circuit exists but has been deactivated by the Frame Relay switch Exists means the circuit exists at this point and should be activated soon Active means the circuit is fully active Off means the circuit has been turned of by the DLCI mapping active selection Tx Frames Number of Frame Relay packets that have been transmitted via this DLCI Rx Frames Number of Frame Relay packets that have been received via this DLCI Tx Bytes Number of Frame Relay bytes that have been transmitted via this DLCI Rx Bytes Number of Frame Relay bytes that have been received via this DLCI IP SublIfc The IP router port assigned for this DLCI Possible ports are frt fr1 r9 None means that this DLCI not used for routing IP IPX Sublfc The IPX router port assigned for this DLCI Possible ports are fr0 fr1 fr9 None means that this DLCI not used for routing IPX Bridge Group The bridge group that this DLCI belongs to Group 1 or Group 2 None means that this DLCI is not used for bridging 72 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Sessions Spanning Tree Read security 5 When Bridge mode and Spanning Tree mode are active this reflects the cur rent state of the LAN and WAN ports The following can appear Off Appears when Spanning Tree mode is disabled Disabled Port is not connected for WAN or disabled i
108. s for some of those log messages are as follows PPP Log Messages BCP X down level 5 Bridge Control Protocol port X has been dropped between Express L768 L1 5 and PPP peer BCP X up level 5 Bridge Control Protocol port lt X gt has been successfully negotiated between Express L768 L1 5 and PPP peer CCP lt X gt down level 5 Compression Control Protocol port lt X gt has been dropped between Express L768 L1 5 and PPP peer CCP lt X gt up level 5 Compression Control Protocol port lt X gt has been successfully negotiated be tween Express L768 L1 5 and PPP peer CHAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express L768 L1 5 s username and or pass word used for authenticating Check to make sure the Configuration Connec tion List Authentication parameters Tx Method Tx Username and Tx Password are correct 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 91 Appendix B Log Messages EAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express L768 L1 5 s username and or pass word used for authenticating Check to make sure the Configuration Con nection List Authentication parameters Tx Method Tx Username and Tx Password are correct IPCP X down level 5 IP Control Protocol port X has been dropped between Express L768 L1 5 and PPP peer IPCP X up level 5 IP Control Protocol port X has been successfully negotiated between Ex press L768 L1 5 and PPP
109. s not capable of doing EAP then the connection will not succeed Security Filter Defines The Express L768 L1 5 can filter packets based on certain parameters within the packet The method used by the Express L768 L1 5 allows the highest flexibility for defining filters and assigning them to a profile The filters are set up in two steps 1 defining the packet types and 2 adding them to a list un der the PPP profile or DLCI map See the section DLCI Mapping Filters on page 54 for examples of how to set up filter profiles This menu is used to de fine the individual filter defines based on packet type 44 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filter Defines MAC Filter Defines Write security 2 Read security 3 The MAC filter is applied to bridge packets only Bridge packets which are for warded by the bridge functionality of the Express L768 L1 5 are defined here Up to 32 MAC defines can be specified Name Src Addr Src Mask Dest Addr Dest Mask MAC Type Type Msk Identifies the filter entry 48 bit MAC source address used for comparison hexadecimal format Bits in the MAC source address which are compared hexadecimal format 48 bit MAC destination address used for comparison hexadecimal format Bits in the MAC destination address used for comparison hexadecimal format 16 bit MAC type field used for comparison hexadecimal format Bits
110. s the relative priority of the Bridge Group 1 among the mul tiple bridge ports The range is 0 to 255 with a default of 128 Spanning Tree Bridge Group 2 Bridge Group 2 is part of multiple DLCI destinations when running Bridge RFC 1490 over Frame Relay Bridge Group 2 Active Write security 2 Read security 5 This setup is exactly like Bridge Group 1 above 40 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Bridge Group 2 Path Cost Write security 2 Read security 5 This setup is exactly like Bridge Group 1 above Bridge Group 1 Priority Write security 2 Read security 5 This setup is exactly like Bridge Group 1 above Bridge Address Table The Express L768 L1 5 automatically maintains a table of MAC addresses de tected and associates those addresses with the LAN WAN or WANI port from which they were received WAN 0 represents Bridge Group 1 and WAN represents Bridge Group 2 This menu permits the user to adjust the parameters or rules for the table as addresses are learned Address Table Aging Write security 3 Read security 5 This is the maximum time an idle MAC address remains in the table before be ing removed The value is in minutes and can range from 0 which means nev er age to 65535 The default is 5 Address Table Forward Policy Write security 3 Read security 5 When this parameter is set to Unknown def any bridge packet with a desti
111. ssion SENTE 000 Coche rat Test Bridge Table Logs IP Routes Utilities IPX Routes IPX Servers WAN Stats LAN Stats IP Stats MODE IP IPX Bridge LOOP Link down RATE Idle Z help 18 11_ Figure 3 11 Status Screen 70 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Status Sessions This menu contains the current status of all sessions and spanning tree ports Sessions PPP Session Read security 5 This menu reflects the results of PPP negotiations user name time connected and data rates for the session PPP Links Reflects LCP layer active BCP Shows UP if PPP Bridge Control Protocol has negotiated successfully IPCP Shows UP if PPP IP Control Protocol has negotiated successfully IPXCP Shows UP if PPP IPX Control Protocol has negotiated successfully Up Time Displays how long the call has been connected Tx Pkts Number of packets transmitted Rx Pkts Number of packets received Tx Bytes Number of bytes transmitted Rx Bytes Number of bytes received Tx Rate Current application data transmission rate Rx Rate Current application data reception rate 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 71 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Sessions DLCI Table The status of all virtual circuits is displayed here DLCI The DLCI that is associated with this virtual circuit State The state of the vi
112. still connected to the LAN device even though it is not The spoofing saves the WAN bandwidth because no packet is ever sent out on the WAN synchronous 1 The condition occurring when two events happen in a specific time rela tionship with each other both under control of a master clock 2 A method of data transmission requiring the transmission of timing pulses to keep the sender and receiver synchronized in their communication used to send blocks of information Synchronous data transmission is used in high speed data cir cuits because there is less overhead than asynchronous transmission of char acters which contain two extra bits per character to effect timing T1 Also T 1 A digital transmission link with a capacity of 1 544 Mbps T1 uses two pairs of normal twisted wires T1 normally can handle 24 voice conversa tions with each conversation being digitized at 64 kbps With more advanced digital voice encoding techniques it can handle more voice channels T1 is a standard for digital transmission in North America TA Terminal Adaptor A DCE that connects to the ISDN S Interface and enables non ISDN terminal equipment to communicate over the ISDN TE1 Terminal Equipment Type 1 ISDN compatible terminals Telnet The TCP IP standard protocol for remote terminal connection service Telnet allows a user at one site to interact with a remote timesharing system at anoth er site as if the user s terminal were connected directly to t
113. t resides on a network management station e Agent This is a control program that responds to queries and commands from the network manager and returns requested information or invokes configuration changes initiated by the manager It resides in each network device connected e MIB This is an index to the organized data within a network device It defines the operating parameters that can be controlled or monitored When requesting the network manager to retrieve or modify a particular piece of information about a network device the network manager transmits the re quest to that network device The agent in that device interprets the incoming request performs the requested task and sends its response to the network manager The network manager collects all the data from the various network devices and presents it in a consistent form 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 99 Appendix C SNMP Using SNMP Version 1 the network manager can issue three types of com mands GetRequest This command retrieves a single item or the first in a series from a network device GetNextRequest This command retrieves the next item in a series from a network device SetRequest This command writes information to a network device The network device issues two types of messages GetResponse This message is the response to a network manager GetRe quest or GetNextRequest command Trap This is an unsolicited message issued by
114. te that the maintenance port will run The possible values are 300 1200 2400 4800 9600 def 19200 38400 57600 115200 68 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Maint Port Data Bits Write security 5 Read security 5 This is the asynchronous bit rate that the maintenance port will run The pos sible values are 7 or 8 def bits Maint Port Parity Write security 5 Read security 5 This is the asynchronous parity that the maintenance port will run The possi ble values are None def Odd or Even Maint Port Stop Bits Write security 5 Read security 5 This is the stop bit used for the maintenance port The possible values are 1 def 1 5 or 2 Configuration Terminal Mode This is an activator which places the Express L768 L1 5 terminal session into a command prompt mode All menu options are accessible during this mode See Appendix E on page 105 for the command structure and command list Type exit to leave the terminal mode and return to the menus 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 69 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure STATUS MENU The Express L768 L1 5 s Status menu contains comprehensive status and di agnostic information used in verifying configuration and identifying prob lems The menus are divided into protocol types and sessions Figure 3 11 shows the Status menu Express L1 5 Status Configuration Se
115. terface LAN 87 Express L768 L1 5 overview 4 F factory default 8 features 87 FEBE 25 FEBEs 25 filter setting up 44 filter defines 44 filter defines IP filter defines 46 filter defines IPX filter defines 47 filter defines MAC filter defines 45 filter defines pattern filter defines 45 filters 54 62 filters in exceptions 54 63 filters In from PVC 54 filters LAN to WAN out 64 filters out exceptions 55 64 filters Out to PVC 55 filters WAN to LAN in 62 122 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Index firmware revision 23 forward delay 39 frame relay 8 48 frame relay connectivity to ADTRAN frame port 768 6 frame relay DLCI mapping 49 frame relay maintenance protocol 49 frame relay polling frequency 49 frame type 34 front panel 10 front panel indicators 10 G GetNextRequest 100 H HDSL network connection 13 overview 3 13 setting up the line 1 HDSL channel rate 24 HDSL FEBEs 25 HDSL mode 24 HDSL NEBEs 25 hello time 39 indicators 10 installation 13 interface Ethernet 87 network 87 IP filter defines 46 IP map active 50 IP map far end IP address 51 IP map IARP 51 IP map IP netmask 51 IP map link IP address 51 IP Map NAT 52 IP map RIP direction 52 IP map RIP method 52 IP map RIP protocol 51 IP menu 26 IP router 8 28 IP router mode 28 IP routes 74 IP routing 9 IP stats 77 IP default gateway 26 IP DNS 30 IP IP address 26 IP IP router 28 IP mode 58
116. ther menu item of interest Press J and you will jump back to the screen that was displayed the first time you pressed J Press J anytime you want to jump between these items Arrow Keys Selects items and moves between the left and right panes The left arrow key allows you to go back up the menu Enter Activates an item or moves into submenu Escape Cancels an edit Allows you to go back up the menu Also will dismiss the pop up help screens Tab Moves between the left and right panes A Moves to the top of a screen Z Moves to the bottom of a screen Backspace Ascends one menu level Session Management Control L Logs out of the session Control S Invalidates the password entry and returns to the login screen The Password prompt will display Control R Refreshes the screen To save time only the portion of the screen that has changed is refreshed This option should be necessary only if the display picks up incorrect characters 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 19 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration F Restores factory default settings This setting restores the factory defaults based on the location of the cursor Entire submenus can be factory defaulted C Copies selected items to the clipboard The amount of information you can copy depends on the cursor location when you press C For example if the cursor is over an editable field only that item is copied If the cursor is ove
117. tion submenu so the path display shows Express XLT Config uration Moving Around Press Tab or the right arrow key to move the cursor from the left pane to the right pane Press Tab or the left arrow key to move the cursor from the right pane back to the left pane Use the up and down arrows to move around with in each pane Press Enter to activate a menu Press the left arrow key or the Es cape key to go back up the menu The following options display throughout the menus Submenus or DATA Menus that display or DATA indicate that more items are available when selected Activation Field lt gt Menus that display lt gt indicate that an action is to be taken such as activat ing a test Editable Data Field A highlighted menu item indicates that you can enter data in that field Read Only Field An underlined field is a display field that contains read only information Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Navigation with the Keyboard You can use different keystrokes to navigate through the terminal menu Press Control Z to activate a pop up screen with the available keystrokes The fol lowing section provides a list of the available keystrokes and the results General Navigation H Returns to the home screen J Jumps between two menu items Press J while on a menu item of interest and you will jump back to the main screen Go to ano
118. to this unit not expressly approved by ADTRAN will void Y the user s authority to operate the equipment WARNIN CANADIAN EMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference causing equipment standard enti tled Digital Apparatus ICES 003 of the Department of Communications Cet appareil nuerique respecte les limites de bruits radioelectriques applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class A prescrites dans la norme sur le materiel brouilleur Appareils Numeriques NMB 003 edictee par le ministre des Communications CANADIAN EQUIPMENT LIMITATIONS Notice The Canadian Industry and Science Canada label identifies certified equip ment This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective operational and safety requirements The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user s satisfaction Before installing this equipment ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the fa cilities of the local telecommunications company The equipment must also be in stalled using an acceptable method of connection In some cases the company s inside wiring associated with a single line individual service may be extended by means of a certified connector assembly telephone extension cord Compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some sit
119. top level 16 terminal mode 69 terminal mode commands 105 test menu 17 78 test menu 2047 loopback 78 test menu echo request 78 TFTP 84 TFTP host 84 transfer methods 84 Trap 100 traps 101 traps manager IP 68 traps manager name 68 Tx and Rx 29 Tx methods 57 Tx only 29 type 20 packets 60 U UDP port type 31 UDP relay 31 UDP relay list 31 UDP relay list relay address 31 UDP relay list UDP port type 31 126 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Index UDP relay list UDP ports 1 2 3 31 UDP relay mode 31 UDP relay UDP relay list 31 upgrade menu 84 upgrade abort transfer 85 upgrade filename 84 upgrade start transfer 85 upgrade status 84 upgrade TFTP host 84 upgrade TFTP server 85 upgrade transfer method 84 user list 66 user list authen method 66 user list idle time 66 user list level 66 user list name 66 user list password 66 using keyboard to navigate menu 19 utilities menu 17 83 utilities exit 85 utilities ping 83 utilities Telnet client 84 utilities upgrade menu 84 Vv VJ compression 61 W WAN IP bridge 36 WAN IP bridge proxy ARP 37 WAN IP bridge netmask 37 WAN IP bridge network 37 WAN IP bridge triggered 37 WAN IPX bridge 37 WAN IPX bridge frame type 38 WAN IPX bridge network 38 WAN IPX bridge seed status 38 WAN IPX bridge triggered 38 WAN menu 24 WAN stats 76 WAN HDSL 24 WAN L2 protocol 25 X xmodem 84 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 12
120. twork Write security 3 Read security 5 A non zero value in this remote network number will allow the Express L768 L1 5 to add a route to the PPP peer s network to the routing table The Express L768 L1 5 normally will treat the WAN network as an unnum bered link This is usually referred to as being a half router However a PPP peer which wants to assign a network address to the WAN link can do so in which case the Express L768 L1 5 will go into full router mode IPX Triggered Write security 3 Read security 5 When set to Yes only IPX RIP and SAP updates are sent when the routing or service table has changed and learned routes are not aged When set to No def updates are sent periodically based on the RIP and SAP timers set in Configuration IPX RIP Timer and Configuration IPX SAP Timer IPX Type 20 Packets Write security 3 Read security 5 In order for certain protocol implementations like NetBIOS to function in the NetWare environment routes must allow a broadcast packet to be propagated throughout the IPX networks The Type 20 IPX packet is used specifically for 60 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure this purpose This causes special handling of this packet by the Express L768 L1 5 When a router receives this type of packet it rebroadcasts it across all interfaces except the one it is received on and includes the network number of that
121. ty levels 21 security menu 42 security authentication 42 security filter defines 44 security PPP 44 security radius server 43 seed status 34 sessions 71 sessions DLCI table 72 sessions PPP session 71 sessions spanning tree 73 SetRequest 100 signal format 87 SNMP 67 99 SNMP access 67 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 125 Index SNMP communities 67 SNMP traps 68 SOHO small office home office 7 spanning tree 38 73 spanning tree algorithm 7 8 38 spanning tree bridge group 1 40 spanning tree bridge group 2 40 spanning tree forward delay 39 spanning tree hello time 39 spanning tree LAN port 39 spanning tree maximum age 39 spanning tree mode 38 spanning tree priority 39 specifications 87 environmental 87 physical 87 split horizon 28 59 static routes active 27 static routes gateway 27 static routes hops 27 static routes IP address 27 static routes private 27 static routes subnet mask 27 status menu 17 70 status ARP cache 73 status bridge table 74 status IP routes 74 status IP stats 77 status IPX routes 75 status IPX servers 75 status LAN stats 76 status sessions 71 status WAN stats 76 stop bits 69 subnet mask 26 switch position 104 system contact 23 system info menu 22 system location 22 system mame 22 system uptime 23 T T1 overview 13 Telnet 12 65 Telnet client 84 Telnet server access 65 Telnet user list 66 terminal menu navigating 18 structure 15
122. uations Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian mainte nance facility designated by the SUPPE Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment or equipment malfunctions may give the telecommunications com pany cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power utility telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system if present are connected together This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves but should contact the CAUTION appropriate electric inspection authority or an electrician as appropriate The Load Number LN assigned to each terminal device denotes the percentage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop which is used by the device to prevent overloading The termination on a loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the total of the Load Numbers of all devices does not exceed 100 Table of Contents Quick Startup Guid e esotere reiese nenten reour eet ttn intanto tn on tatnen iE Enna s 1 Setting up the HDSL Line edere O iei te a teet 1 Chapter 1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768 L1 5 sse 3 ADSL EE 3 The Express L768 L19 eessen eer A ere 5 Single User to Corporate LAN EE 5 Frame Relay Connectivity to A
123. vironmental e Operating Temperature 0 50 C e Storage Temperature 20 70 C e Relative Humidity Up to 95 non condensing Physical e Dimensions 11 2 Hx9 Wx61 4 D e Weight 9 5 oz Power e 120 VAC 60 Hz 8 W typical 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 87 Chapter 4 Specifications 88 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix A Loop Status Messages The Express L768 L1 5 displays current loop status of the HDSL on the bottom center line of the terminal screen The following messages are defined Connected This is seen when the Express L768 L1 5 HDSL layer 1 is up The rate is de termined by what itis configured for under Configuration WAN HDSL Rate Echo Tx X Rx Y The current transmit and receive count for the PPP echo request test Layer 1 up The Express L768 L1 5 s HDSL layer 1 is up Link down The HDSL link is not synchronized Link In Sync The HDSL link is synchronized but layer 1 is not up NET EOC LOOPBACK Express L768 L1 5 has received an HDSL EOC loopback command from the far end RINGING An incoming call is ringing Rate Status Messages Displays the rate at which the connection has been established 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 89 Appendix A Loop Status Messages 90 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Appendix B Log Messages The Express L768 L1 5 Logs menu contains messages of events that occur The definition
124. which RIP advertisements are sent and listened to be specified Tx and Rx def RIP advertisements are periodically transmitted and are listened to on this virtual circuit Tx Only RIP advertisements are periodically transmitted but are not listened to on this virtual circuit Rx Only RIP is not transmitted on this virtual circuit but they are listened to IP Map NAT The Express L768 L1 5 can perform Network Address Translation over a PVC Setting this option to On will cause the Express L768 L1 5 to translate between the Ethernet addresses and the configured Link IP Address Only one PVC may be used for translation at one time If more than one IP Map is configured for NAT the first PVC which is activated becomes the NAT port DLCI Mapping IPX Map This menu represents the IPX protocol mapping that is to take place for this DCL IPX Map Active Write security 3 Read security 5 When this is set to Yes def the Express L768 L1 5 will attempt to transport IPX packets for this DLCI A setting of No means that no IPX traffic or route will be exchanged 52 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure IPX Map IARP Write security 3 Read security 5 When this is set to Yes def the Express L768 L1 5 will send Inverse ARP packets to determine the IPX network on the other end of the virtual circuit If the IARP is responded to a route is placed in the IPX route table
125. with this equipment please contact ADTRAN see inside back cover for repair and warranty information The telephone company may re quire this equipment to be disconnected from the network until the problem is cor rected or it is certain the equipment is not malfunctioning 4 This unit contains no user serviceable parts To ADTRAN service personnel For continued protection against risk of fire replace F1 with the same type and rating of fuse only 2A 250 V FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENT This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A dig ital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio or TV reception which can be determined by ae the equipment off and on The user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help 6 Changes or modifications
126. work address Bits in the destination network address which are compared hexadecimal format 16 bit value which is the source socket Range 0 65535 Type of comparison that is performed means socket equal to Not means socket not equal to gt means socket greater than means socket less than None no comparison is done on source socket 16 bit value which is the destination socket Range 0 65535 Dest Socket Comp Type of EE that is performed Type Type Comp means socket equal to Not means socket not equal to 7 means socket greater than means socket less than None no comparison is done on destination socket 8 bit value which is the IPX type Type of comparison that is performed means type equal to Not means type not equal to gt means type greater than means type less than None no comparison is done on IPX type 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 47 Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration Frame Relay Frame Relay is a connection oriented service requiring circuits to be config ured by your carrier to establish a physical link between two or more locations Multiple virtual circuits which appear as virtual point to point links can be run through the same physical connection There are two types of virtual circuits supported in Frame Relay Permanent Virtual Circuits PVC and Switched Virtual Circuit SVC P
127. y alternating current components in a telecommunications network point to point protocol PPP An RD of TCP IP which is intended for transmission using tele phone lines PPP provides router to router and host to network connections over both synchronous and asynchronous circuits poison routes Routes which have an infinite metric which to other routers means the net work for the route is inaccessible PRA Primary Rate Access Connects high capacity CPE such as PBXs to the net work In the US this is composed of twenty three 64 kbps channels and one 64 kbps D channel Also known as Primary Rate Interface PRI RFC1490 Request for Comments document which describes an encapsulation method for carrying network interconnect traffic over a Frame Relay backbone RIP Routing Information Protocol A protocol used to exchange routing informa tion among a set of computers connected by a LAN RIP uses hop counts as a routing metric 114 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 61202192L1 1 Glosssary router An interface which finds the best route between two networks Routers for ward packets from one network to another based on network layer informa tion routing metric The method by which a routing algorithm determines one route is better than another This information is stored in routing tables Such tables include reli ability delay bandwidth load MTUs communication costs and hop count RS 232 C An EIA specified physical
128. ys at security level 0 giving full access to all configuration items The Main menu contains the following options Configuration The Configuration menu provides options to set up the operational configura tion for the Express L768 L1 5 See the section Configuration Menu on page 22 for detailed information on the available options 61202192L1 1 Express L768 L1 5 User Manual 15 91 jpnubw Jeep 11 8971 sse1dx3 nual puma 202 dot L 94n614 1 11Z61Z0Z 19 Menu Path Describes the current position in the terminal menu structure System Info Status WAN Test IP Logs IPX Left Pane Utilities Br idge E Security Lists available Frame Relay lt PPP Profile menus Management Terminal Mode Mode Describes current operating mode aS IP IPX Bridge LOOP C C C C C C C C lt gt Loop Status Rate Status Displays current Displays current rate status of HDSL line of connection Right Pane Lists available submenus Additional submenus available through this pane are indicated by the and DATA symbols Link down RATE Navigation Help Displays list of characters you can use to navigate the terminal menus Press Control Z Idle Z help 11 09_ System Time Displays the cur rent time See Date Time on page 23 for details on setting the time INJON S pup uoyoiado nuew puruJe g Jajdoy Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structur

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