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Garmin G N C 2 5 0 X L GPS Receiver User Manual

1. If your installation includes components to provide any of the information equired on the density altitude page they will be used as the defaults The fuel planning page will display fuel requirements for both direct to naviga ion and programmed routes The fuel planning function requires the pilot to enter he initial amount of fuel on board and the flow rate You may also enter different ground speeds to view various information based on different travel times If your installation is interfaced to a fuel flow sensor the flow rate and other information will be supplied by the fuel flow sensor To perform fuel planning operations 1 Press QQ and rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press twice and rotate until Fuel Plan is highlighted Press RE 3 Rotate to select either wot for direct navigation or the desired route number Press BENA 4 For waypoint waypoint navigation use and to enter the to and from waypoints Press to accept the waypoints To use the present position as a waypoint leave the corresponding waypoint field blank 5 For route calculations choose either cum for cumulative route fuel requirements from beginning to end or the leg desired by rotating If leg is selected it displays the amount of fuel required to fly until that leg is complete For example The fuel required to complete leg 2 is leg 1 leg 2 Fuel required to complete leg 4 is leg 1
2. Ss oa GARMIN GNc 250xL REFERENCE PILOT S GARMIN Software Version 2 01 or above 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 East 151st Street Olathe Kansas 66062 3426 USA GARMIN Europe LTD Unit 5 The Quadrangle Abbey Park Industrial Estate Romsey S051 9AQ UK Web Site Address www garmin com All rights reserved No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any ing for any purpose without the express written permission of GARMIN Information in this document is subject to change without notice GARMIN reserves he right to change or improve their products and to make changes in the content of his material without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements March 1997 190 00067 60 Rev A Printed in USA form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying and record INTRODUCTION Foreword GARMIN GNC 250XL Spell N Find AutoLocate PhaseTrac12 GPSCOM and AutoStore are trademarks of GARMIN and may only be used with permission NavData is a registered trademark of Jeppesen Inc All rights reserved INTRODUCTION Cautions NOTE This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC limits for Class B digital devices This equipment gener ates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruc tions may cause harmful interference to radi
3. 1 Press with the cursor over the ok prompt Once a waypoint has been accepted or rejected the previous page will be dis played If there is more than one waypoint available for a selected identifier the GNC 250XL will display a duplicate waypoint page for you to choose the desired waypoint The waypoint identifier and number of duplicates will be shown at the top of the page with the waypoint type and region of each duplicate indicated below The way points listed are sorted by the distance from your present position To scroll through additional duplicate waypoints 1 Rotate with the cursor active or with the cursor inactive To select the desired waypoint from the duplicates list 1 Activate the cursor and rotate to highlight the desired waypoint 2 Press IEA The waypoint confirmation page will appear 3 Press EMM over the ok prompt to accept the waypoint or ERM to reject the waypoint and return to the duplicate waypoints list WPT KEY SECTION Waypoint Confirmation Duplicate Waypoints Waypoint confirmation page 2286 11836 9 duplicate M ndb S CEN USA ndb CANADA Duplicate waypoints page 55 SECTION WPT KEY Locked Waypoints Waypoint Scanning 22 80 Proximity wet locked 11836 Route wet locked pt comment locked Possible messages for locked waypoints 9S BS 90 to B____ ete__ __ To blank a waypoint field highlight the field and press
4. The message Saving to card is displayed while the GNC 250XL transfers all user data to the User Data card It may take a few minutes to complete the transfer When all user data is transferred the GNC 250XL will instruct you to turn the unit off remove the user card and inseri the Jeppesen NavData card After this is complete the GNC 250XL is ready for normal operation APPENDIX NAVDATA CARD Saving User Data A Insert the card with the thumb tab at the top and the beveled corner on the bottom right or ENT to reinit Data card warning 87 APPENDIX NAVDATA CARD A Saving User Data 2ise 11876 ser card transfer Restore user data Save user data Data transfer page 2ise 11876 Restore from card all data Restore data page 88 To restore user data from a user 1 Install the user data card data card to the GNC 250XL 2 Rotate to highlight Restore user data 3 Press EL The GNC 250XL will ask you which type of data to replace You may choose checklists scheduler messages use comments or all data 4 Rotate to select the typ You may either replace or upda r waypoints proximity waypoints routes waypoint e of data to replace te the information in the database Replacing the data will replace ALL user data with the data from the card Updating the data will not delete unrelated material but will only change what is
5. WPT exists The default waypoint name will be redisplayed and you may enter a different name WPT KEY SECTION Creating Waypoints with AutoStore one in ele AutoStore waypoint with default name 1870 12289 N39 0325 Wa94 2865 Store in rte __ ok The default waypoint name may be changed before saving the waypoint SECTION WPT KEY 3 Proximity Waypoints 52 2280 11836 Proximity waypoints KACY dis 15 0n gt RUSHM dis 5 on Proximity waypoints page Prox alarm press NAV Proximity alarm message Pressing will display the position page with the bearing and distance from the proximity waypoint indicated on the bottom line The second page available from the GNC 250X1s ij key is the proximity waypoints page This page allows you to define an alarm circle around a selected waypoint and is useful in defining alarm circles around towers or obstructions Up to nine proximity waypoints can be entered each with an alarm radius of up to 99 9 nm To create or edit a proximity waypoint 1 Press ial and use to display the Proximity waypoints page 2 Press twice and use to highlight the first available field 3 Use and to enter the identifier It may be an airport VOR NDB intersection or user waypoint Press Eta 4 Use and to enter the radius of the alarm circle Press IR If two proximity waypoints are entered and their regions overlap you will b
6. NAV Menu 1 KIXD gt KTCS 240 68851n gs 120 esa 144005 ete 5 44 Trip planning with values calculated between two waypoints 23 SECTION NAV KEY Density Altitude amp True Airspeed pres 9945 tat 685 dalt 20005 Density altitude true airspeed page gt 36 ng 5SOdon rsv 0 56 Fuel planning page showing calculation from pre sent position to KDAL 24 The density altitude true airspeed function is also accessed from NAV Menu 1 Density altitude is the theoretical altitude at which your aircraft will perform depending on several environmental conditions including air pressure and total air temperature the temperature including the heating effect of speed read on a standard outside tem perature gauge on most aircraft True airspeed considers the same factors To calculate the density altitude and true air speed 1 Press E and rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press twice and rotate to highlight Dalt tas 3 Press to access the density altitude page 4 Use and to enter the indicated altitude ialt and press IEA 5 Use and to enter the calibrated airspeed cas Press EE 6 Use and to enter the air pressure pres and press ERIA 7 Use and to enter the otal air temperature tat 8 Press and the density altitude and true airspeed will be calculated and displayed 9 Press amp amp to remove the cursor
7. Rotate to highlight the bottom field to enter facility name or VOR NDB name 5 Use and O toe nter the location or the name and press QS to finish As the information is entered the GNC 250XL will display any entries in its data base that match the letters you have entered If duplicate entries exist for the entered identifier name or location additional entries may be viewed by rotating Once the desired waypoint is displayed press amp to continue SECTION WPT KEY 9 Entering Waypoints Entering a waypoint by identifier 19 32 Low MO AMBERT ST LOUIS INT Entering a waypoint by city Note that punctua tion marks are not used when entering locations or names Use spaces where appropriate to iden tify these marks For example St Louis would be entered as ST LOUIS without a period 39 Once a waypoint category and identifier have been selected the GNC 250XL will SECTION WPT KEY provide extensive information through a set of waypoint pages for the selected cate gory The pages available for each waypoint category are presented here in the order Airport Information they appear on the waypoint menu page airports VORs NDBs intersections and user waypoints Airport Information Airport Identification Page 12515 12198 ppt KEET N PCEN USA RUTH OR CONSEQUE N A OR CONSEQUENCES MUN Airport Comments Page a oo Airport Position Page n2515 12190 12515 12196 If t
8. pwr is on press G to complete Zig 8 t 1187 i tt 5 If you choose gs exceeds use C to highlight the speed field PIP Imer se Ings 6 Enter the speed using and run when 9s exceeds 166 7 Press IE to accept and press to complete Trip timer settings showing timer active when groundspeed exceeds 100 knots 82 The GNC 250XL can be configured to display data in standard or metric units of measure These apply to distance position speed altitude fuel pressure and UNIT SETTINGS SECTION temperature Units of Measure To change the units of measure 1 Press and hold JG and rotate to display the nav units page 2 Press twice and rotate to highlight the field you would like to change 3 Use to change the unit of measure fpm 4 Rotate to advance to the next field or press QB when finished The available units of measure are position e degrees minutes and seconds dms hddd mm ss s Default units of measure settings e degrees and minutes dm hddd mm mmm altitude feet ft meters mt vertical speed feet per minute fpm meters per minute mpm e meters per second mps nav units e nautical miles and knots nm kt 1 18 70 statute miles and miles per hour mi mh m osn dm al t mpm e kilometers and kilometers per hour km kh mn fuel F fuel gallons gl e imperial gallons ig b e kilograms
9. the comm window the top line of the display and the GPS window the bottom three lines of the display Active Standby Comm Window F T GPS Window The key is used to activate the cursor in a particular window see right to provide access to various comm and navigation features To select the active frequency you must first enter the frequency in the standby field and use the EJ key to move it to the active field To change the standby communication frequency 1 Press QD once to activate the cursor in the comm window 2 Rotate the outer knob Q to select the MHz and the inner knob to select the kHz of the desired frequency To place the standby frequency in the active field press Ej Once you ve entered the active frequency simply repeat steps 1 and 2 to enter the standby frequency After both frequencies have been entered you may elect to keep the comm window hot by leaving the cursor on the standby frequency or remove the cursor by pressing the key twice TAKEOFF TOUR Selecting Comm Frequencies F Status page with cursor active in comm window To switch the active and standby frequencies press the FJ key Switching the active and standby frequencies will not remove the cursor from the comm window TAKEOFF TOUR Position Page The map page combines a moving map display and navigation data for complete situational awareness SEEE The navigation communications N
10. to choose which waypoint type you would like displayed Choose wpt if you would like range and bearing from a specific waypoint to be displayed 4 Press to remove the cursor or If you have selected wpt 5 Rotate to advance the cursor to highlight the identifier field 6 Use the and knobs to enter the identifier name This waypoint identifier can be an airport VOR NDB intersection or user waypoint Press IRA 7 Press to confirm the selection This allows the distance and bearing from any waypoint to be displayed continu ously on the position page which may be useful when trying to locate your position on a sectional chart NAV KEY SECTION Reference Waypoint Field Position page displaying the nearest airport KIXD as the reference waypoint Position page displaying the TOP VOR as the ref erence waypoint This configuration can be used to help monitor your distance and radial from a waypoint of your choice Note The waypoint category is listed as wpt rather than VOR because the GNC 250XL is not using the nearest VOR for the reference waypoint 20 SECTION NAV KEY Satellite Status Page Satellite status page with EPE displayed Estimated Position Error EPE gives an overall measure of your position accuracy in feet or meters Satellite status page with DOP displayed Dilution of Precision DOP measures relative accu
11. 1 Rotate with the cursor inactive or O with the cursor active The active leg identifiers field located at the top left of the page displays the way point identifiers of the route leg you are currently navigating The first waypoint iden tifier displayed is the active from waypoint The second waypoint is the active to waypoint The line connecting these waypoints is known as the active leg If you are navigating a direct to the field will display the destination with a goto designation ROUTES SECTION KSLN 186 71 KCOS _ 420 7m USING THE ACTIVE ROUTE PAGE The GNC 250XL5 active route page provides a working list for the route you are navigating allowing you to view all route waypoints along with distance timing or desired track information The scrolling arrow prompt to the left of the route waypoint list indicates which way to scroll to view additional route waypoints The active route page can also be used to manual ly select your next active to destination using E which allows you to fly directly to any way point in the route without modifying the route itself The GNC 250XL will resume navigation of the remainder of the route in sequence once you arrive at the selected waypoint The leg field can be selected to display cumulative distance or the distance for each SECTION ROUTES route leg If cumulative is selected the first legs distance will be displayed The second leg w
12. 118 76 DI Settings scale Auto Son When the auto CDI setting is selected the GNC 250XL will automatically change the CDI scale when you are within 30 nm of a departure or arrival airport 2199 11876 ag Var Aryl Alarm aad arrival Ham The auto mag setting will automatically calculate the magnetic variation based upon your current position To enable disable airspace boundaries on the map 1 Press and hold ESM then rotate to select the MAP Setup page 2 Press twice and rotate to highlight class B cta class C tma moa restricted or other sua 3 Rotate to select the maximum map scale for the designated airspace type or select off to never display The next page under the settings submenu is the CDI settings page which allows you to define the scale of the GNC 250XIs course deviation indicator To change the CDI scale 1 Press and hold J and rotate to select the CDI Settings page 2 Press GED twice and rotate to select Auto 5 0 nm 1 0 nm or 0 3 nm 3 Rotate to highlight ok and press BENA to approve Note the selected CDI scale will not take effect until approved The scale values represent full scale deflection of the CDI to either side The default setting is 5 0 nm The Auto setting will start the CDI scale at 5 nm en route and gradually ramp down the scale to the 1 nm range once you
13. Alaska ahamas excluding San Salvador Island Canada including ewfoundland Island Canal Zone Caribbean Barbados Caicos Islands Cuba Dom Rep Grd Cayman jamaica Leeward and urks Islands Central America Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras icaragua Mean Value CONUS Cuba Greenland Hayes Peninsula Mexico San Salvador Island North American 1983 Alaska Canada Central America CONUS Mexico Masirah Island Oman NAHRWAN SAUDI ARABIA Saudi Arabia NAHRWAN UNITD ARAB E United Arab Emirates NAPARIMA BWI NETHERLAND TRIAG 21 NOU TRIAG FRANCE NOU TRIAG LUXEMBOURG OBSERVATORIO 1966 OLD EGYPTIAN OLD HAWAIIAN KAUAI OLD HAWAIIAN MAUI OLD HAWAIIAN MEAN OLD HAWAIIAN OAHU Trinidad and Tobago Netherlands France Luxembourg Corvo and Flores Islands Azores Egypt Kauai Maui Mean Value Oahu OMAN ORD SRV GRT BRITAIN PICO DE LAS NIEVES PITCAIRN ASTRO 1967 PORTUGUESE 1973 POTSDAM PROV SO AMERICAN 56 PROV SO CHILEAN 1963 PUERTO RICO QATAR NATIONAL QORNOQ REUNION ROME 1940 RT 90 SANTO DOS SAO BRAZ SAPPER HILL 1943 SCHWARZECK SOUTH AMERICAN 1969 SOUTH ASIA SOUTHEAST BASE SOUTHWEST BASE TANANARIVE OBSV 1925 TIMBALAI 1948 TOKYO TRISTAN ASTRO 1968 USER VITI LEVU 1916 WAKE ENIWETOK 1960 WGS 72 WGS 84 YACARE ZANDERIJ Oman England Isle of Man Scotland Shetland Islands Wales Canary Islands itcairn Island Portuga
14. HERAT NORTH HJORSEY 1955 HONG KONG 1963 HU TZU SHAN INDIAN BNGLDSH NEPAL INDIAN MEAN VALUE INDIAN THAILAND VIETN INDONESIA 74 IRELAND 1965 ISTS 073 ASTRO 1969 JOHNSTON ISLAND 1961 KANDAWALA KERGUELEN ISLAND KERTAU 1948 L C 5 ASTRO LIBERIA 1964 LUZON MEAN VALUE LUZON MINDANAO IS Gizo Island New Georgia Islands Easter Island Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Gibraltar Greece Italy Luxembourg Netherlands orway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Austria Finland Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Finlan orneo Republic of Maldives ew Zealand Greece Guam Island Guadalcanal Island Afghanistan celan Hong Kong Taiwan angladesh India Nepal ndia hailand Vietnam Indonesia reland Diego Garcia johnston Island Sri Lanka erguelen Island West Malaysia Singapore Cayman Brac Island Liberia Philippines Mindanao Island MAP DATUMS APPENDIX APPENDIX MAP DATUMS LUZON PHILIPPINES MAHE 1971 MARCO ASTRO MASSAWA MERCHICH MIDWAY ASTRO 1961 MINNA NAD27 ALASKA NAD27 BAHAMAS NAD27 CANADA NAD27 CANAL ZONE NAD27 CARIBBEAN NAD27 CENTRL AMERICA NAD27 CONUS NAD27 CUBA NAD27 GREENLAND NAD27 MEXICO NAD27 SAN SALVADR IS NAD83 NAHRWAN MASIRAH IS hilippines excluding Mindanao Isl Mahe Island Salvage Islands Eritrea Ethiopia Morocco Midway Island igeria orth American 1927
15. Imperial Gallons i MT Meters ABBREVI ATI ONS INT Intersection Waypoint MUL Multicom JET A Jet Fuel Type A NDB DB Waypoint JET B Jet Fuel Type B NM autical Miles KH Kilometers Per Hour NP on Precision KM Kilometers NR earest KT Knots OBS Omni directional Bearing Select LB Pounds Inbound Course Select LCL Local OTH Other LEN Length C Degrees Celsius LFOB Leftover Fuel On Board F Degrees Fahrenheit LFLOW Left Fuel Flow PC Pilot Controlled LOC Localizer POSN Position LT Liters PRES Barometric Pressure MAG VAR Magnetic Variation Altimeter Setting MB Millibars Of Pressure PROX Proximity MF Mandatory Frequency PRX Proximity MH Statute Miles Per Hour PT Part Time MI Statute Miles PTX Pre Taxi MIC Microphone PWR Power MIN Minimum RDR Radar MIN Minutes REQ Required MOA Military Operations Area RF Reference MPM Meters Per Minute RFLOW Right Fuel Flow MPS Meters Per Second RNG Range RNWY RSTCD RSV RTE RX SAR SEC SEQ SGL SLCT SREC STR TACAN TAS TAT TEMP TMA TRK TRN TRSA TWR TX U UNI URA USER Runway USR Restricted UTC Reserves Route VN Receive Only VNAV Search And Rescue VOR Seconds WPT Sequence WX Signal XFR Select Surface Steer To TACtical Air Navigational Aid True Airspeed Total Air Temperature Temperature ICAO Terminal Control Area Track Angle Turn Angle Terminal Radar Service Area Tower Transmit Only
16. KCOS 42513m Selecting the route edit function 1879 12156 KTOP KSLN KHYS_ KCOS Adding a waypoint to route 2 66 The route action field located at the top right of the page is used to select the desired route operation The following functions are available e Activate activate the route for na vigation e Reverse activate a route in reverse order e Edit create a new route or edit an existing route Delete delete a route e Copy copy the current route to an empty route e CPA calculate the closest point of approach e Search perform search and resc The route editing function allows you to cre ue ladder operations ate new routes and edit existing routes Creating routes before takeoff can help make route operations faster and easier during your flight To create or edit a route from the route catalog _ Use to display the route number you wou 2 Press GED twice 3 Use to select edit Press Gh The rou To add a waypoint 4 Rotate to highlight the first blank waypoi page d like to edit e review page will appear t field or the point where you want to enter the new waypoint The first waypoint field will already be highlighted if you re creating a new route o gt n Press GM to confirm the ok prompt on the Sa Use and to enter the waypoint s identifier Press EEI waypoint confirmation page Repeat steps 4 thro
17. NAVCOM page The NAVCOM page provides a list of the airport frequencies at your departure and arrival airports allowing convenient selection of frequencies you ll need along your flight path To scroll through the list of frequen cies rotate the inner knob in the direction of the arrow prompts at the bottom left of the page The frequencies displayed for the departure and arrival airports are listed in the order you are most likely to use them see left with the available frequencies dis played to the right of the airport identifier If you do not have an active route with a departure airport the NAVCOM page will display the frequencies for the airport nearest your departure position If a frequency has sector or altitude restrictions the frequency will be followed by a brg indication To view restrictions on a frequency 1 Press GE twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate to highlight the brg next to the frequency you wish to view 3 Press to begin viewing restrictions Once you begin viewing restrictions you can view any additional frequencies for the selected airport by rotating Note An arrow prompt displayed next to the air port identifier indicates additional frequencies are available You can also view the other airport information pages by rotating Information contained on these pages is covered in Section 3 To return to the NAVCOM page press MJ Some frequencies in the N
18. The identifiers for any on screen appear on the map showing the individual sectors in the case of Class B or Class C airspace The map display can be configured to display airports navaids user way points airspaces only at certain scales or these items may be disabled entirely see page 76 This allows you to de clutter the map display at larger scale settings The map display can be set to 14 different scale settings from 0 5 to 300 nautical miles statute miles or kilometers The scale represents the top to bottom distance covered by the map display To select 1 WH a map scale Rotate the knob clockwise to increase the map scale and show a larger area Rotate the knob counterclockwise to decrease the map scale and show a smaller area The autozoom feature will automatically adjust from an en route scale of 300 through each lower scale stopping at a scale of 1 as you approach your destination waypoint T on page 76 The orie dtk up or he autozoom feature is turned on off from the map setup page described ntation of the map may be fixed at north up or set to desired track up track up trk up The north up setting will keep the top of the map display fixed on north Track up will cause the map to rotate so the top of the map is the directi on you are heading Desired track up keeps the map display fixed along your desired course Map orientation i
19. activated it is placed into route 0 for navigation until it is cancelled overwritten by activating another route or erased when the GPS is turned off If you want to save a route currently in route 0 be sure to copy it to an open storage route routes 1 19 before it is cancelled overwritten or erased The GNC 250X15 route catalog page is used to create edit delete or copy routes and serves as the main page for a host of functions These include route acti vation determining the closest point of approach and search and rescue operations It also displays a summary of routes currently stored in memory with the departure and arrival route waypoints and total distance for the selected route number To scroll through the available routes rotate A one line user comment may be added to any storage route which will be displayed on the route catalog page To add user comments to any route except route 0 1 Rotate to display the route you would like to add comments to 2 Press GE twice and use to highlight the bottom row 3 Use and to enter comments and press A To erase press BSW then EA ROUTES SECTION Overview Route Catalog Page Route Catalog Page 1 Route selection field 2 Route action field 3 Departure Arrival waypoints 4 Cumulative distance of route 5 Comments Parallel track offset field 65 SECTION ROUTES 9 Creating amp Editing Routes 1879 12156 te 2 Eel edit TOP
20. alt All SUA alert messages 260 rstcd on SUA Settings Page except for prohibited areas may be turned on or off through the GNC 250X15 unit settings options found under the BJ key see page 84 Alerts for prohibited areas will always be displayed regardless of unit settings or operating mode SUA alerts may be turned off so the pilot can avoid continuous alerts in areas with extensive special use airspace Important Turning off the SUA alerts only stops the display of SUA messages Any applicable SUA ale pages will still be available from the IB key The GNC 250XL also features an altitude buffer which may be set to provide a greater level of protection f buffer you can effectively s om penetrating an SUA By specifying an altitude in the tretch an SUAS altitude boundaries in both directions This allows the pilot to add an extra margin of prevention around controlled or restricted airspace For instructions o n setting the altitude buffer see page 84 NRST KEY SECTION Special Use Airspace 3295 12575 B cta on moa on C tma on oth on alt 5065 rstcd on Altitude buffer set at 500 feet This provides an added 500 foot margin beyond the floor and ceil ing limits for an airspace SECTION DIRECT T0 amp ROUTE NAV ROUTE TERMINOLOGY The diagram at the right shows a basic route consisting of five waypoints and four legs The waypoint you are travelling
21. leg 2 leg 3 leg 4 6 Rotate to advance the cursor to fob or gs depending on which is displayed 7 Use and to enter the fuel on board or the ground speed Press Ea 8 Rotate back two positions to highlight the fob or gs field again 9 Rotate to display the other information Press EX 0 Use and to enter the remaining data Press ER 11 Use and to enter the flow rate in units per hour if needed Press EE The GNC 250XL will calculate the range and endurance i e how long the fuel will last of your aircraft These are found in the first field on the bottom row of the page The amount of fuel left on board Ifob and reserve time after the selected direct to leg or route is flown are displayed in the second field on the bottom row NAV KEY SECTION NAV Menu 1 Fuel Planning 12436 KICT gt KDFW flow 1685 Ta Fuel planning page showing calculations between two waypoints endur 3 36 rsv 1 33 Fuel planning page with other information indicating endurance and reserve times 25 SECTION NAV KEY Winds Aloft amp VNAV Functions 12436 dg 349 tas 1465 ind 037 at 31 ead wind is 20 Winds aloft page 1839 12436 r 656005 to 20005 Dy 5am before KOMA at 466fpm activate Vertical navigation page 26 The GNC 250XIs winds aloft function is used to calculate the true direction and speed of
22. 27 28 66 72 Clear key viii 40 41 54 Clock function 29 43 Closest point of approach CPA 68 44 Communication features 33 36 42 Communications pages 33 36 43 4 Communication frequencies 3 33 40 Communication window 3 qg Contrast 81 g4 Controlled airspace 42 58 61 4 Course selec 64 28 Copying routes 68 79 Creating user waypoints 48 50 76 Cursor key viii 3 51 34 D Database 37 Data fields 13 14 16 Date amp time 29 s Deleting user waypoints 53 Deleting routes 67 Deleting waypoints from routes 67 73 Density altitude 24 INDEX APPENDIX G APPENDIX rect to cancelling rect to key rect to navigation play contrast splay mode splaying airports splaying identifiers splaying airspace boundaries DOP yeEyyyYYY Wn T Duplicate waypoints E Editing routes Editing user waypoints ENT key Entering waypoints EPE Emergency channel select ETE estimated time en route F Foreword Frequency restrictions Fuel planning G Going to a nearest airport GPS planning Ground speed Ground track TRK H Hold on a waypoint 9 63 vii 5 63 62 64 8l 8l I T1 20 Downloading data to another GNC 250 87 55 66 72 49 50 53 viii 39 48 50 20 36 16 17 43 24 25 57 30 16 16 14 I nner knob viii nstallation of the GNC 250XL 89 ntersections 38 47 O Outputs 86 K Key functions vii viii Knob functions vii Viti L Locked waypoints 56 M agnetic variat
23. CLR ENT CRSR O The message key is used to view system messages This key is also used to access the GNC 250XIs unit settings See Section 6 for more information on Th Th Th Wi ch en Th or Th messages and unit settings e transfer key flip flops the active and standby frequencies e clear key is used to erase information or cancel an entry e enter key is used to approve an It is also used to confirm informatio operation or complete data entry n such as during power on e cursor key is used to activate or deactivate the cursor in the separate areas of the GNC 250XL Pressing o comm window and enable the pilo aracters in a GPS window field I ry changing information or cycli e outer knob is used to advance t move through data fields Ca nnot fit on the screen all at once nce will activate the cursor in the to change frequencies Pressing twice l activate the cursor in the GPS window indicated by highlighted tis used to highlight fields for data ng through available options hrough pages advance the cursor e inner knob is used to change data or scroll through information that The GARMIN GNC 250XL is a powerful navigational tool that provides pilots with accurate navigational data and communication capability along with a host of database information at your TAKEOFF TOUR fingertips The Takeoff Tour is designed to familiarize you with the operatio
24. Canada H3C 5H7 37 SECTION WPT KEY Waypoint Categories amp Menu Page 1839 Select waypoint type 12436 apt vor ndb int user The waypoint menu page allows you to select the desired waypoint type or category 2515 12156 ICT 133605 av Jet N3 39 80 W097 25 99 ils class C The airport position page shows the position field elevation and available fuels for the selected airport 38 The GNC 250XL organizes waypoints into one of five waypoint categories for your convenience Each waypoint category provides different types of detailed infor mation for a selected facility Airports Ide elevation runw VORs Identifi ntifier city state country facility name position lat lon ays fuel services and communication frequencies er city state country facility name position lat lon frequency magnetic variation co located DME or TACAN and weather broadcast indication NDBs Identifi frequency and weather broadcast indication er city state country facility name position lat lon Intersections Identifier country position lat lon nearest VOR User Identifier name position lat lon reference waypoint To view the waypoint information for a desired waypoint select the waypoint category from the waypoint menu page To choose a waypoint category for viewing information 1 Press and rotate to display the waypoint menu pa
25. JM then rotate to select the MAP Setup page 2 Press twice to highlight the orientation field 3 Rotate to select trk up dtk up or nrth up The automatic zoom feature will automatically adjust the map display scale dur ing your flight Starting at an en route scale of 300 nautical miles statute miles or kilometers the scale will adjust through each lower scale stopping at a scale of 1 as you approach your destination waypoint To turn the automatic zoom feature on or off 1 Press and hold JY then rotate to select the MAP Setup page 2 Press twice and rotate to highlight the auto zoom field 3 Rotate to select on or off The map setup page also allows you to control whether or not the various way point types and the identifiers for these waypoints are displayed Settings for each waypoint type allow you to select the maximum scale at which that feature should be displayed or you may turn that waypoint type off for all scales For example by set ting VOR at 80 VOR waypoints will appear on the map display at all scales from 80 on down but not at 120 200 or 300 To display airports navaids and or user waypoints 1 Press and hold J then rotate to display the MAP Setup page 2 Press twice and rotate to highlight apt vor ndb int or user 3 Rotate to select the maximum map scale for that waypoint type or s
26. P Use and to en Press E Use and to en Press E The latitude and longitude will be calculated for the new waypoint Press ual to confirm er the bearing from your position er the distance from your position he ok prompt and save the waypoint position The GNC 250XIs AutoStore function provides another method of creating user waypoints AutoStore is used to instantly capture your present position as a user waypoint with a touch of a button and add the new waypoint to the end of a specified route if desired To perform an AutoStore 1 Press I and rotate to display the position page or map page 2 Press A This will display the Save waypoint screen which will allow you to rename the waypoint and choose the route to which it should be added The GNC 250XL will assign the next available three digit number as the default waypoint name preceded by a sign This will help you differentiate AutoStore waypoints from other user waypoints To change the default name or route of an AutoStore waypoint 1 Rotate to select the name or route number field 2 Use and to enter the name or route number If you do not want to add the way point to a route be sure to keep the route field blank 3 Press IR to accept 4 Press IEA to confirm the ok prompt If the waypoint name you entered is already assigned to another waypoint you will be informed with the message
27. Rotate to highlight the initial offset and use and to enter the initial offset value and R or L 7 Press three times to accept the operation values and begin navigation After activating a search and rescue you will be informed with an Offset nav in effect message each time you traverse the route offset from the anchor waypoints and the CDI page will guide you along each leg of the ladder pattern Note that bearing and distance information are referenced to the anchor waypoints Once you ve arrived at the destination waypoint the leg increment will be added to your present offset and the route will be automatically reversed If a search and rescue is interrupted note the parallel track direction R or L and distance on the catalog page for route 0 When you resume search and rescue operations use this as the initial offset ROUTES Search amp Rescue Operations SECTION J ANCHOR 2 88 WAYPOINT i i i i i i a a LI LEG LEG INCREMENT INCREMENT INCREMENT DISTANCE DISTANCE i DISTANCE lt gt io INITIAL OFFSET ANCHOR A sadana teed WAYPOINT The map page will show the active leg of the search and rescue pattern as a solid line with the anchor waypoints joined together by 2ise 11876 Route KTOP KFOE initial offst a dashed line L Bon increment R sn Performing a search and rescue operation 69 SECTION ROUTES Parallel Track Offset Navigat
28. This section of Appendix D provides a complete list of GNC 250XL abbreviations and ALT APP APR APT ARTCC ARV ATF ATS AVGS AZM BRG CAS CDI CL B CL C CLR CPA CTA CTAF CTF CTR CTS CUM their meanings MESSAGES amp Altitude DEG Degrees Approach DEP Departure ABBREVIATIONS Approach DIS Distance To Waypoint Airport Waypoint DME Distance Measuring Equipment Air Route Traffic Control Center DOP Dilution of Precision Arrival DTK Desired Track Aerodrome Traffic Frequency ELEV Elevation Automatic Terminal Information ENDUR Endurance Service ATIS EPE Estimated Position Error Aviation Gas ESA Enroute Safe Altitude Azimuth bearing ETA Estimated Time of Arrival Bearing ETE Estimated Time Enroute Calibrated Airspeed FIR Flight Information Region Course Deviation Indicator FLOW Fuel Flow Rate Class B FOB Fuel On Board Class C FPM Feet Per Minute Clearance Delivery FR From Closest Point of Approach FSS Flight Service Station ICAO Control Area FT Fee Common Traffic Advisory FT Full Time Frequency GL Gallons Common Traffic Advisory GND Ground Frequency GPS Global Positioning System Center ARTCC GS Ground Speed Course To Steer HDG Heading Cumulative HG Inches of Mercury Density Altitude IALT Indicated Altitude DALT APPENDIX D 97 ILS Instrument Landing System MSA Minimum Safe Altitude APPENDIX MESSAGES amp IG
29. UTC Time Unicom User Range Accuracy User Waypoint User Waypoint Universal Time Coordinated GMT Zulu VNAV or Vertical Navigation Vertical Navigation VOR Waypoint Waypoint Weather Transfer MESSAGES amp ABBREVIATIONS APPENDIX D 99 APPENDIX F SPECIFICATIONS Subject to accuracy degradation to 100m 2DRMS under the US DOD imposed Selective Availability Program Press any key to continue navigation Whenever the GNC 250XL is connected to the optional remote battery pack and power from the master switch is lost the unit will revert to battery power To continue navigation press any key when the power down page appears PHYSICAL Size Weight Rack Size Rack Weight POWER Input ENVIRON MENTAL Temperature PERFORMANCE Comm Receiver Acq Upd lisition Time ate Rate Accuracy Dyn amics INTERFACES ARI Appendix E Specifications 6 25Wx58Dx H 159mm x 147mm x 51mm 41 ounces 1 16kg 6 32 W x 5 64 D x 27H 161mm x 143mm x 51mm 11 ounces 0 31kg 10 15V DC with power cable aircraft power Optional remote battery pack 115V or 230V AC w optional adapter 4 F to 158 F 20 C to 70 C Operating 67 F to 185 F 55 C to 85 C Storage 760 channel aviation band 118 136 975 MHz 5 watt minimum transmit power 12 channel PhaseTracl2 45 seconds typical 15 seconds warm start with ephemeris 1 per second co
30. Use the GNC 250XL at your own risk To reduce the risk of unsafe operation oroughly practice using the simulator mode prior to actual use When in actual use carefully compare indications from the GNC 250XL to all available navigation sources includ ing the information from other NAVAIDS visual sightings charts etc Fo always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation safety The altitude calculated by the GNC 250XL is geometric height above mean sea level and could vary significantly from altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in air craft Never use GPS altitude for vertical navigation The Jeppesen database incorporated in the GNC 250XL must be updated regular ly in order to ensure that its information is current Updates are released every 28 days A database information packet is included in your GNC 250XL package Pilots using an out of date database do so entirely at their own risk Accessories amp Packing List Congratulations on choosing the finest most advanced panel mount VFR GPSCOM available The GNC 250XL represents GARMIN commitment to provide an accurate easy to use GPS for all of your aviation needs Before installing and getting started with your unit please check to see that your package includes the following items If any parts are missing or damaged please see your GARMIN dealer immediately Standard Package GNC 250XL Unit amp NavData Card e GPS Ant
31. and eta displayed The map page can be divided into three main sections Comm Frequencies oo to KOMA trk 341 CDI page with brg and trk displayed The communication frequencies are located in the upper left corner of the page instead of across the top line as on other pages The top frequency is the active fre quency with the standby frequency directly below Airspace Boundaries Airport Waypoint ELH Present Position The map display occupies the right side of the display Your present position is indi cated by a plane symbol in track up mode or a position diamond in other orienta tion modes with your route displayed as a solid line Nearby airports navaids and user waypoints may be depicted on the map with unique identifying symbols for each waypoint type Boundaries for special use and controlled airspaces can also appear on the map display You may select which features are shown on the map using the map setup page see page 76 Distance to Waypoint Destination cae pik gt 34 1 ork The data fields on the map page indicate distance to destination waypoint desired track ground track ground speed and map scale The destination waypoint name and desired track appear on the left side of the page below the communication frequencies The other data fields are located at the corners of the map display as shown in the illustration above and may be removed by pr
32. course angle between the two notified with a Steep turn ahead message legs would require a bank angle greater than 25 If the leg transition is too short for approximately 90 seconds before arrival at the a smooth transition a Leg not smoothed message will appear and the pilot should 74 active to waypoint expect a rapid change in the CDI deflection Section 6 Messages and Unit Settings The GNC 250X1s BM key provides access to system messages and allows you to customize the unit to your own preferences through a settings submenu Whenever the GNC 250XL needs to alert you to a navigation communication or system message the annunciator light next to the key will flash Some messages are advisory in nature e g the arrival and countdown alarms while others may require your immedi ate attention e g a stuck microphone message For a complete list of GNC 250XL messages please see Appendix D To view a message press REJ Press EY again to return to the previous page The GNC 250X15 settings submenu is also accessed from the JM key To view the settings submenu press and hold J for more than 2 seconds Once the settings submenu has been accessed the following setup pages are available by rotating with the cursor inactive e Map page settings e CDI scale settings Nearest airport search e Mag var arrival alarm settings e Battery saver Display screen settings Backlighting settings Trip timer
33. displayed in the time fields Press IRA 4 Use and to set the local date Press ERI 5 Use and to set the local time Press IRA 6 Press QE to complete The GNC 250XL trip timer will automatically keep track of the duration of your current trip and can be configured to run either when the GNC 250XL is on or when your ground speed exceeds a specified value see section 6 To view or reset the trip timer 1 Press I and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press GED twice and rotate until Trip time is highlighted Press REM The current time of day departure time and time enroute will be displayed 3 To reset the timer press EBA To skip resetting the timer press NAV KEY SECTION Clock Function Trip Timer 1830 612436 Select local icl PS nov 96 9 44 32 25 nov 96 3 44 Ic Clock function set to display local time in the time fields of all other GNC 250XL pages 1839 12430 ime 3 45 To reset the trip timer highlight Reset and press B 29 30 RAIM Prediction Enter the time and date for RAIM prediction eta 6 45 25 nov 96 RAIM Available RAIM available for the entered time date and waypoint location The RAIM Prediction function allows you to confirm that GPS coverage is available for a specific location or waypoint any day of the year Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring performs checks to ensure that the GNC 250XL will have adequate satell
34. the sky The GNC 250XL is in the search the sky WGS 84 because the selected map datum mode Allow the unit to complete data col has been removed from the NavData card ection before turning it off the data card is missing or the data card has Start altitude chng The altitude change entered on the VNAV failed Planning page is about to begin Wpt comment locked At least one waypoint comment is locked Steep turn ahead This message appears approximately 90 sec because the waypoint has been removed onds prior to a turn that requires a bank angle from the Jeppesen NavData the data card in excess of 25 degrees in order to stay on is missing or the data card has failed course Turn anticipation will not be provided Wpt exists__ You have entered a waypoint name on the or the turn AutoStore Page or User Waypoint Catalog Stored data lost Stored user data including waypoints routes Page that already exists in memory Enter a and satellite orbital data have been lost due to waypoint name that does not exist a low memory battery or inadvertent master Wpt memory full The waypoint memory is full You should reset delete unused waypoints to make room for Stuck mic tx disabled The microphone headsets have been transmit new waypoints ting continuously for 35 seconds and the transmitter has been disabled Releasing the transmit key will allow you to transmit again If this message persists check the installation
35. to is called the active to waypoint and the waypoint immediately behind you is called the active from waypoint The course line between the active from and the active to waypoint is called the active leg 62 Section 0 Direct to amp Route Navigation One of the many benefits of GPS navigation is the ability to fly directly to a way point or fly a chain of waypoints without using ground based navigation aids To take advantage of the convenience and efficiency provided by point to point GPS naviga tion the GNC 250XL provides two basic methods of selecting a destination for your flight direct to and route navigation The direct to function provides a fast way to set a course to a destination waypoint from your present position The route function allows the pilot to create a chain of waypoints to fly in sequence KSTL lt gt MAP ACTIVE FROM warront yh Caon TO WAYPOINT SGF O ACTIVE LEG EOS P lt KTUL As you pass each waypoint in the route the GNC 250XIs automatic leg sequenc ing and turn anticipation features will automatically select the next waypoint as the active to waypoint and provide smooth steering guidance around the turn If you are not currently navigating a particular route leg e g your starting position is not a route waypoint the GPS will select the appropriate leg as the active route segment The GNC 250XIs direct to function provides a quick method of settin
36. upper left corner of the page The active frequency is on top To change the map scale rotate the knob clock wise to increase the scale or counterclockwise to decrease the scale To change any of the selectable fields on the CDI page 1 Press GED twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate to highlight the field you would like to change 3 Rotate to change the field to display the desired information 4 Rotate to highlight another field or to finish Comm Frequencies The next page available from the GNC 250XIs key is the map page The map page displays your present position using an airplane symbol in track up mode or a position diamond in other orientation modes along with nearby air ports VORs NDBs intersections user waypoints and airspace boundaries Note If the GNC 250XL is unable to determine a GPS position the present position symbol will not appear on the map page The top left corner of the page indicates the active and standby communica tions frequencies unlike other GNC250XL screens which display both frequen cies across the top line with the active frequency on top The map display occupies the right side of the display and shows your position relative to nearby airports navaids user waypoints and airspaces Different symbols are used to waypoints can also be displayed Special use and controlled airspace boundaries distinguish between waypoint types
37. use it will display military If it is private the GNC 250XL will display private If it is a public airport it will display the fuel type s available e av gas 80 87 octane 100 LL 100 130 octane or mogas is available e jet Jet A Jet A 1 or Jet A fuel is available e av jet Both av gas and jet fuel are available I T 1 la ave Jet Position In degrees minutes or degrees minutes seconds of latitude N3 39 90 WO9 25 99 and longitude ils class Approach Information displays the airport approaches available we no apr No approach is available e np apr Non precision approach is available e loc _Localizer approach is available Airport Position Page e ils ILS approach is available 1 Identifier selectable Controlled Airspace Information displays controlled airspace type 2 Elevation class B e cta 3 Fuel Availability class C tma i POsiiQN Radar displays approach departure radar capability P an E O e radar indicates radar is present 6 Controlled Airspace Radar Capability 42 i The airport communication page displays the radio frequencies and usage for the selected airport as well as sector and altitude restrictions To view the communication page from any of the airport information pages 1 Rotate with the cursor removed to display the communication page 2 Rotate in the direction of the arrow prompt to view additional frequencies You may a
38. 005 To view additional nearest airports rotate the knob r2 apt Maia 1080 234 1178 twr 17680 rnvy 13 31 12800 To review a nearest waypoint highlight the identi fier and press I Once the nearest airport or any other nearest waypoint page is displayed the selected waypoint can be quickly reviewed or selected as a direct to destination To review the selected waypoint from the nearest waypoint list 1 Press twice to activate the waypoint field 2 Press to display the waypoint identification page 3 Rotate to view any additional waypoint information available 4 Press to return to the nearest waypoint page To select a nearest waypoint as a direct to destination 1 ess the key The direct to confirmation page for the selected waypoint will appear 2 Press E to confirm Congratulations You ve now gone through the basic operation of the GNC 250XL We encourage you to experiment with your new GPSCOM to get to know all the advanced navigation features it has to offer If you d like a little more practice try using the built in simulator described in Appendix C An optional AC adapter will even let you plan and simulate flights in the comfort of your home or office To turn the GNC 250XL off 1 Turn the knob to the left until the unit shuts off Section Navigation Key The GNC 250XL features seven navigation pages to provide various position course speed status and
39. 250XL will resume navigating route 0 the active route if available DIRECT 10 SECTION Selecting and Cancelling a Direct To oo to KEOS ete__ _ To select a direct to destination press the key and enter the waypoint identifier using and 2286 11836 ri apt KIXD 10905 158 593 twr 11839 rnvy 1 7 35 r300 To quickly select a direct to from any page that displays a single waypoint identifier e g the nearest airport page press TE followed by EE 63 64 SECTION DIRECT TO Manually Selecting A Course 1820 126 79 90 to apt KICT N37 39 00 WO97 25399 hold crs 200 The waypoint sequencing field located at the bottom left of the direct to confirmation page allows you to hold on a selected route waypoint and prevent the GNC 250XL from sequencing to the next route waypoint If you have selected the hold setting from the waypoint sequencing field your selected course will appear at the bottom left of the CDI page and the map page You may change your selected course right from this field by highlighting the course field and rotating the inner knob Press to confirm the course Whenever you perform a direct to the GNC 250XL will set a point to point great circle course to your destination You can also manually define the course to your destination with the GNC 250XIs course select feature The course select feature is available from the bottom line of the direct
40. 3 44 SECTION WPT KEY Airport Runway Page 2515 12156 ils ITWI 16910 rwOl Airport runway page for KICT To view additional runways rotate the knob in the direction of the arrow prompts The airport runway page displays runway designations length surface and lighting for the selected airport as well as ILS localizer and or pilot controlled light ing frequencies To view the runway page from any of the airport information pages 1 Rotate with the cursor removed to display the runway page 2 To view additional runway information rotate with the cursor removed The scrolling arrow prompt located beside the identifier field indicates which direction to scroll for additional runway information If a localizer and or ILS are used on the same runway rotating will sequence through both sets of information The following descriptions and abbreviations are used on the airport runway page Runway surfaces e hard Hard concrete asphalt etc e turf Turf grass e seal Sealed surface e grav Gravel surface e dirt Dirt surface e soft Unknown soft surface unkn Unknown surface e watr Water landing site Runway lighting e pt lights Part time lights e ft lights Full time lights epc Pilot controlled with frequency lights e no lights No runway lighting VOR Information The GNC 250XL features three VOR waypoint pages VOR identification allows entry of desir
41. 86 The database page will appear showing the current database information on the NavData WORLDWIDE VFR SUA card with the valid operating dates cycle number and database type indicated The database is eff 27 feb 97 9703 updated every 28 days and is available for one time or subscription purchase 9 mar 97 To acknowledge the database information The database confirmation page shows the 1 Press the key Cae the Jeppesen database on the TAKEOFF TOUR Acquiring Satellites 2280 11830 Acquiring epe____ Sat i135 6 9131719 sgl 36 3 2 279 The satellite status page shows the ID numbers for the satellites and the relative signal strength of each satellite received Turn the knob to view additional satellites Search Sky indicates that satellite almanac data is not available or has expired if the unit hasnt been used for six months or more The data will be recollected from the first available satellite Once the database has been acknowledged the satellite status page will appear minutes unit will use the altit working If not you knobs to enter the al If the unit can only obtain eno ude provided will be prom AV message If this message occ itude shown If the GNC 250XL has not bee may have to Search satellite data to estab message annunciator message Searchin 10 minutes The satel H next to t g the Sky To view a sys
42. AVCOM page provides a complete list of airport frequencies at your departure and arrival airports After the GNC 250XL acquires satellites and computes a position the position page will appear automatically and you ll be informed with Ready for navigation on the message page 1839 12439 Altitude MSA or ESA 38 51 245 Waga 55 473 cans rapt KIXD 305 211m osition lat lon I Reference Waypoint Field The position page displays your present latitude and longitude altitude and a reference way point field The altitude and reference waypoint fields are also selectable see Section 1 for more information to allow you to configure the unit to your own preferences The default settings are e Altitude Your present GPS altitude e Present Position Latitude and longitude displayed in degrees minutes Reference Waypoint The bearing and distance to the nearest airport The position page is one of seven pages available under the GNC 250XIs key e CDI page e Map page e NAVCOM page e Position page e Satellite status page e NAV menu 1 e NAV menu 2 During most flights the Position CDI course deviation indicator Map and NAVCOM pages will be the primary pages used for navigation These pages are accessible by pressing the key and rotating the outer knob or by pressing the key repeatedly The GNC 250XL uses direct point to point navigation to guide you from takeoff to touchdown in the VFR environmen
43. AVCOM page have tags which designate their usage tx transmit only rx receive only pt part time frequency To make any of the frequencies on the NAVCOM page the standby frequency 1 Press GED twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate until the desired frequency is highlighted 3 Press to make the highlighted frequency the standby frequency The cursor will auto matically advance to the next frequency on the list SECTION NAV KEY 1 NAVCOM Page clC 13425 bra CLT tats 12115 NAVCOM page with receive only rx frequencies and frequencies with restrictions brg 2199 12036 ACY class C 12468 30 309 Frequency restrictions on 124 60 showing range of applicable radials from 130 through 309 Position Page rapt KIXD 342 6415 The same position page displaying ESA MSA and ESA are computed based on data stored in the NavData card This information cannot be solely relied upon as an absolute measure of safe altitude in your area particularly if the data card is out of date Consult current charts and NOTAMS for more complete information The GNC 250XL position page displays your present latitude and longitude altitude and a reference waypoint field The altitude and reference waypoint fields are selectable to configure the page to your own preferences and current navigation needs Altitude MSA or ESA Position lat lon Reference Waypoint
44. Abbreviations The GNC 250XL uses the Message Page to communicate important information to you Some messages are advisory in nature others are warnings that may require your intervention This appen dix provides a complete list of GNC 250XL messages and their meanings Altitude input fail The altitude serializer input is not available for Cannot chng actv wpt An attempt has been made to modify the position of the GNC 250XL Check the I O settings and or the active to or active fron waypoint The GNC the serializer installation If enough satellites are 250XL will not allow the modifications available for a 3D position fix no pilot action is Cannot nav lockd rte An attempt has been made to activate a route required providing no RAIM warnings are pre containing a locked waypoint The GNC 250XL sent If only a 2D fix is possible the pilot cannot perform navigation in this situation should enter an altitude within 1 000 feet of Cannot ofst goto rte An attempt has been made to engage the offset current indicated altitude navigation feature while the GNC 250XL is nav Arrival at Your craft has entered the arrival alarm circle for the igating using a single waypoint route The GNC indicated waypoint 250XL will not allow offset navigation in this Arrvl at offst ____ Your craft has entered the arrival alarm circle situation for the indicated waypoint offset by the parallel Checkli
45. Field The altitude field can display either the present altitude minimum safe altitude MSA or enroute safe altitude ESA MSA is the recommended minimum altitude within a ten mile radius of your present position ESA is the recommended minimum altitude within a ten mile radius of your course on an active route or direct to MSA and ESA altitudes are calculated from information contained in the database and gen erally include mountains buildings and other permanent features see left To change the altitude field 1 Press QED twice to obtain a cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate until the alt ESA MSA field is highlighted 3 Rotate to display the desired data Press GED to return to normal navigation The position page also features a reference waypoint field located at the bottom of the page to indicate your bearing and distance from a selected waypoint The ref erence waypoint field can display the following e Range bearing and identifier from the nearest airport default VOR NDB intersection or user waypoint e Range bearing and identifier from a user specified waypoint The default setting is to display the nearest airport To change the reference waypoint field to display the nearest airport VOR NDB intersection user waypoint or the range and bearing from a user selected waypoint 1 Press Q twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate to highlight the category field after the fr 3 Use
46. GNC 250XI radio on specific tasks please refer to the Index on page 103 Section 3 Waypoint and Database Information RA key 37 Finding and using database and waypoint information Section 4 Nearest Waypoints B key 0 0 00 57 Finding nearest waypoints SUAs and FSS ARTCC frequencies Section 5 Direct to EEA key amp Route Navigation Gi key 62 Creating and using routes vi INTRODUCTION Table of Contents Section 6 Messages and Unit Settings J key 0 0 0 00 0 75 Appendix A NavData and User Data Card Use 0 0 cece 87 Appendix B Installation and Maintenance of the GNC 250XL 89 Appendix C Simulator 4 2 05 566 oe ee oes ee eis eb aes 90 Appendix D GNC 250XL Messages and Abbreviations 92 Appendix E Specifications 0 0 eee 100 Appendix F Map Datums 00 00 e eee eee 101 Appendix G Index icp enna e vee oie onagwaeeiee tas yiaets 103 Hoe NRST RTE WPT NAV Key et The squelch button ac waypoint and sets a d and Knob Functions he power volume knob controls unit power and radio volume ivates automatic squelch control The direct to key performs an instant direct to allows you to enter a irect course to the destination The nearest key is used to obtain information on the 9 nearest airports VORs NDBs intersecti points of communicati ons user waypoints and 2 neare
47. ON Special Use Airspace 59 SUA Messages SECTION NRST KEY g 4 60 3295 12575 sual ahead 8 5 ANSAS CITY cl MCI 8008 M ground SUA alert page 3295 125 75 MCIT class B 11858 SOUTH OF amp LINE FROM Frequency information for SUA If the informa tion is too long to fit on the display the GNC 250XL will automatically scroll to display the rest of the information The following SUA types can appear in the SUA type field Message Airspace Type alrt Alert caut Caution clB Class B cl C Class C cta ICAO Control Area dngr Danger moa Military Operations Area proh Prohibited rstc Restricted tma ICAO Terminal Control Area trng Training trsa Terminal Radar Service Area unsp Unspecified warn Warning The last line on the SUA alert page displays the SUAS controlling airport identifier and the ceiling and floor altitudes for the SUA alert Controlling agency frequencies may be viewed by highlighting the controlling airport identifier with the cursor and pressing E The following are examples of what can appear in the altitude fields Message Meaning 8000ftM 8000 feet mean sea level MSL 3000ftA 3000 feet above ground level AGL ground Ground level msl Mean sea level notam See Notice to Airmen NOTAM for altitude restrictions not sp Altitude is not specified unlmtd Altitude is unlimited 3295 125 75 B cta on moa on C tma on oth on
48. S 111645 T p Direction bisme djs 141228 bra 341 90 to KOMA ete 1 17 Active Waypoint Time or Direction Field The graphical CDI course deviation indicator at the top left of the page shows your position relative to the desired course the moving D bar to the destination waypoint The TO FROM arrow in the center of the scale indicates whether you are heading to an up arrow the waypoint or if you have passed the waypoint a down arrow The default setting of the CDI scale is 5 0 nm If you are not navigating to a destination the CDI field will display a no actv wpt message and only speed and rack data will be available The CDI field is also used to display the GNC 250XLs urn anticipation and waypoint alert data during route operations see section 5 In addition to displaying your active destination and the course deviation scale he CDI page features four selectable fields for various distance direction and time options This allows you to configure the CDI page to your preferences The default settings are ground speed distance desired track and estimated time enroute The following functions may be displayed in the ground speed field e gs Your present speed over the ground e str Steer direction and distance or digital crosstrack error An T or R indicates which direction to steer while the distance value indi cates how far you are off course The following functions may be di
49. XL is searching the sky for visible satellites You will be informed with the message Searching the Sky Acquiring The GNC 250XL is acquiring satellites for navigation 2D Nav 3D Nav The GNC 250XL is in 2D navigation mode If your installa tion does not include an altitude serializer you must enter the altitude manually see page 2 2D Dif Nav will appear when you are receiving DGPS corrections in 2D mode The GNC 250XL is in 3D navigation mode and will compute altitude 3D Dif Nav will appear when you are receiving DGPS corrections in 3D mode Simulator The GNC 250XL is in simulator mode which should only be used for practice and trip planning Never use simulator mode for actual navigation Poor Cvrg The GNC 250XL cannot acquire sufficient satellites for navi Need Alt gation The GNC 250XL needs altitude in order to start continue navigation Go to the position page and enter the altitude Not Usable The GNC 250XL is unusable due to incorrect initialization or abnormal satellite conditions Turn the unit off and on again Autolocate The GNC 250XL is looking for any satellite whose almanac has been collected This process can take up to five minutes SECTION NAV KEY Receiver Status Field 2280 1183a Acquiring epe____ Sat 1 3 5 6 9131719 sgl 36 3 79 Acquiring satellites for navigation In this case the satellites are being received but the da
50. a specified date To calculate sunrise and sunset times at a waypoint or at your present location 1 Press IR and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press GD twice and rotate to highlight Sunrise Press ER 3 Use and to enter the waypoint identifier or leave blank to use current position Press E 4 Press IEA to accept the waypoint information 5 Use and to enter the date desired 6 Press and the sunrise and sunset times will be calculated and displayed Section 2 Communicating with the GNC 250XL The GNC 250XL features a digital VHF radio that provides a seamless transition from communication to navigation bringing the two most important functions in fly ing together in o ne panel mount unit The GNC 250XL operates in the aviation voice band from 118 000 to 136 975 MHz in 25 kHz steps Communicati frequency field on frequencies are selected by activating the cursor in the standby and using the inner and outer knobs to dial in the desired frequency A frequency may also be quickly selected from the navigation database by simply highlighting the played in the sta key Note that the frequency and pressing the BRM key Once a desired frequency is dis ndby field it may be made the active frequency by pressing the EJ active frequency may not by accessed directly Whenever the cursor is active in the comm window the standby frequency will be highlighted To access the stand
51. ace and lighting information displays ILS ocalizer and or pilot controlled lighting frequencies airport comments allows entry of desired airport by identifier displays user comments for the selected airport Waypoint Type and Identifier Region Country Location city state Facility Name The airport identification page displays a selected airports identifier region and country city state and facility name The identification page is always the first airport page available allowing you to quickly review an airport facility or select another facility by entering the identifier facility name or city of the desired airport SECTION WPT KEY 9 Airport Pages 17156 ats 12515 Ir 12570 gnd 12136 we 11820 uni 12295 Airport communication page The down arrow next to the identifier indicates additional frequen cies may be displayed by rotating the knob ils ITWI 16910 rwO1L Airport runway page The down arrow next to the identifier indicates additional runways may be displayed by rotating the knob The airport position page displays the latitude longitude and elevation of the SECTION WPT KEY selected airport as well as usage or fuel availability available approaches and airport control radar capability The following descriptions and abbreviations are used on the airport position page Airport Position Page Elevation In feet or meters Usage Fuel If the airport is for military
52. ack INSTALLATION amp PRENDIA MAINTENANCE B The GNC 250XL is built to exacting standards and does not require user maintenance If the faceplate and lens require cleaning use a soft cloth and non abrasive cleaner The user data is maintained by an internal battery with a projected life of 3 to 5 years If the GNC 250XL detects a low memory battery you will be informed with the message Memory battery low Failure to have the battery replaced may result in loss of data each time you turn your unit off This will greatly increase satellite acquisition time and no user data will be saved This condition will be accompanied by the message Stored data lost The GNC 250XL contains a crystal oscillator which may drift after many years of operation If the unit detects excessive oscillator drift you will be informed with the message Osc needs adjustment When this occurs contact an authorized GARMIN service center for service Failure to do so may result in severely degraded acquisition performance 89 90 APPENDIX C SIMULATOR 2iso 11876 Selct operating mode Normal Operating mode page 2ise 11876 Selct Jaa mode ok Selecting the simulator mode The GNC 250XI5 simulator mode allows you to plan and practice flights in your home and office using an optional remote battery pack or AC adapter The simula tor is not accessible when the GNC 250XL is running off the master avioni
53. age is used to provide turn anticipation next CDI will be replaced by a flashing Next dtk xox desired track and waypoint arrival information to the pilot The GNC 250X s turn prompt indicating the desired track of the next leg anticipation feature will smooth out the transition between adjacent route legs by When using the map page the desired track read providing CDI guidance along a curved path segment This leg transition is based on out will flash and indicate the dtk for the next leg he aircrafts actual ground speed and the difference between the course angle of the wo legs The GNC 250XL will automatically sequence to the next leg when you are abeam the active to waypoint on the curved transition segment and the to from indicator on the CDI will flip momentarily During the transition the CDI display will be referenced to the dotted line illustrated at the left of this page As you approach a oute waypoint the graphical CDI on the CDI page will be replaced by a flashing L Next dtk xxx prompt and the desired track readout on the map page will flash both indicating the desired track of the next route leg As you approach a route waypoint the graphical If the turn angle and your present speed will Turn anticipation will not be provided if you have set the waypoint sequencing require a bank angle that exceeds 25 you ll be field to hold or your current ground speed and the
54. and press gl to save the new waypoint in internal memory WPT KEY SECTION Creating User Waypoints 1830 12436 is new Selecting a method to enter a new user waypoint Entering the user waypoint s exact position 49 50 SECTION WPT KEY Reference Waypoints Entering a user waypoint by referencing another waypoint To create a user waypoint from your present posi tion leave the reference waypoint field blank and enter a bearing and distance from your present position The GNC 250XL will calculate the new waypoints coordinates automatically To enter edit a user waypoint position from a reference waypoint N If you have chosen to crea your current position you Use and O toe Press RRIS Use and O toe Press Eau Use and O toe Press R amp W The latitu Press ual to confirm bearing and distance at which he waypoi er the reference waypoint s identifier nt s position will appear er the bearing from the reference waypoint er the distance from the reference waypoint de and longitude will be calculated for the waypoint he ok prompt and save the waypoint position e a waypoint at a certain bearing and distance from current position will be displayed and you will enter the you would like the new waypoint to be located To create a user waypoint offset from your present position oO e w
55. and the identifier distance and bearing to the nearest VOR not necessarily the VOR used to define the intersection The intersection com ment page will display any user comments for the selected intersection see page 54 WPT KEY SECTION Intersection Information 2515__ 12196 ATCH FOR CARGO ACF ON TRNG MANUEVR KFOE Intersection comments page 4 SECTION WPT KEY User Waypoints l 35 40 r KTOP 2759 45 9 User waypoint page 1879 122386 sr KSUSM comments SU FOOTBALL STADIUM User waypoint comments page 48 User Waypoint Information In addition to the airport VOR NDB and intersection waypoints contained in your NavData card the GNC 250XL allows you to store up to 1 000 user defined way points Once a user waypoint is created two user waypoint pages will display the fol lowing information e Waypoint identifier e Position in latitude and longitude e Identifier range and bearing from a reference waypoint e User comments To scroll between the user waypoint position page and the user comments page rotate Q User waypoints may be created or modified using the key After select ing the waypoint identifier as shown on page 39 you will be prompted to enter infor mation if the waypoint is new There are three ways to create a user waypoint posi tion from the key 1 Enter the exact position of the new waypoint 2 Reference a known waypoint by range and bearing 3 En
56. any winds and indicates whether you are flying with a head wind or tail wind and the wind speed To calculate winds aloft 1 Press E and rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press EP twice and rotate until Winds is highlighted Press EE 3 Use and to enter your present heading in the hdg field If your installation includes a fuel air data computer this will be displayed automatically Press IENA 4 Use and to enter your true airspeed TAS in the tas field If you have previously The VNAV function calcula or after a specified distance from calculated it using the density altitude true air speed function it will be displayed as the default Press ERM The wind direction and speed and head tail wind will be displayed es vertical speed requirements to reach a desired altitude before a waypoint This is helpful when you d like to descend to a cer tain altitude near an airport or climb to an altitude before reaching a route or direct to waypoint To calculate vertical navigation parameters Press EQ and rotate 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 Press GS twice and Use and to en played as the default Use and O toe Use and O to en Use and O to se or a direct to waypoin QO nti otate until Vnav Plan is highlighted Press EE AV Menu is displayed er the initial from altitude Your current GPS altitude wi
57. aon Deleting route 0 1879 12156 te 0 EEA TOP KCOS 42513 Parallel trk L Baom Reversing route 0 67 The route action field also features a copy function that permits you to copy any SECTION ROUTES route to another open storage route The copy function can be used to save the con tents of the active route route 0 to an open storage route 9 Copy mg Routes To copy a route CPA Function 1 Press Bg and use to display the route catalog page 2 Use to display the route to which you would like to copy to The route must be empty 3 Press GED twice and rotate to select copy Press EEN 2615 121 75 asest pt of appre 4 Use to enter the route you would like to copy The departure arrival identifiers will be oute 3 KDAL KLIT displayed for your reference Press IEN to copy the route a n r TXK 327 25 7m The CPA function calculates the closest distance that a route will pass to a refer ence waypoint and helps when creating new route waypoints referenced to a NAVAID Calculating closest point of approach To calculate the closest point of approach CPA from the route catalog page 1 Use to display the route you would like to use for the CPA function The route must consist of at least two waypoints and the reference facility must fall between the waypoints of a route leg 2 Press GED twice and rotate to select cpa Press EE KLIT 3 Use and to ente
58. are within 30 nm of a departure or arrival airport terminal area For auto CDI scaling to occur you must have an active direct to or route with an airport as your final destination waypoint or be within 30 nm of a departure airport Note that the GNC 250XL uses Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring RAIM to cross check its position The RAIM protection limits listed below follow the selected CDI scale changing auto matically with the Auto setting CDI Scale RAIM Protection 5 0 nm or Auto en route 2 0 nm 1 0 nm or Auto terminal 1 0 nm 0 3 nm 0 3 nm The GNC 250XL has three magnetic variation options true auto or user defined To set the magnetic variation 1 Press and hold JG and use to display the Mag Var Arvl Alarm page 2 Press twice and use to select auto mag true hdg or user mag 3 If user is selected use to highlight the magnetic variation value and use and to enter the value and E or W Press QS to finish If auto mag var is selected all track course and heading information will be corrected to the magnetic variation computed by the GPS The true setting will reference all infor mation to true north and the user setting will correct information to an entered value The GNC 250XIs arrival alarm can be set to notify the pilot with a message when you have reached a user defined distance to a final destination waypoint the d
59. ay ing the waypoint s position firm the ok prompt The position page will now appear and you may now use most of the GNC 250XL navigation features for nav message to remind or practice and planning You ll also receive a Do not use you that the simulator mode should never be used for actual navigation During s imulator operation you will be able to enter a ground speed from the CDI page and define a course to a destination from the direct to con firmation page Altitude may only be entered by using the VNAV function available from the NAV menu 1 page see page 26 To enter a ground speed from the CDI page 2 Press Q twice to activate 4 Use and Ot 3 Rotate to highlight the ground speed fie Press QJ and rotate to display the CDI page he cursor in the GPS window d o enter the desired speed Press BES to accept and GS to finish To exit the simulator mode the GNC 250XL must be turned off by rotating the knob counter clockwise until the unit shuts down All waypoints and routes creat ed in simulator mode will be retained in the GNC 250XLIs internal memory APPENDIX SIMULATOR C 1830 12236 WORLDWIDE VFR SUA eff 27 feb 97 9783 2r mar 9r Database Confirmation Page 1839 122386 Init posn ref KIXN_ N38 5870 WO94 5432 ok Entering an initial position reference Appendix D APPENDIX nara GNC 200XL Messages and
60. ble in the CDI o the GNC 250XL Check the I O settings or uel air data system installation APPENDIX MESSAGES amp ABBREVIATIONS Memory battery low Near SUA lt 2 nm No DGPS position No RTCM input Need alt press NAV Offset nav cancelled 94 soe vong 208 Dp The battery that sustains user memory is low and should be replaced by an authorized GARMIN service center as soon as possible Failure to do so may result in loss of stored data including all user waypoints and routes Your position is within 2 nautical miles of an SUA and your current course will not take you inside ot enough data is available to compute a ifferential GPS DGPS position GPS data in an RTCM SC 104 format is ot available he GNC 250XL needs altitude input in der to start and or continue 2D navigation ress the NAV key and enter your antenna itude on the Position page The altitude enter should be as accurate as possible inaccurate altitude will directly translate to inaccurate position information ffset navigation has been cancelled due to a irect to operation or modification of the active route lt p O Offset nav in effect Ofst too big for rte Osc needs adjustment Poor GPS coverage Prox alarm press NAV Proximity overlap Proximity wpt locked Proximity wpt moved Proximty wpt deleted Pwr down and re init Offset navigation mode is in effect T
61. by frequency press GD This allows you to change the megahertz number to the left of the decimal by rotating and the kilohertz number to the right of the decimal by rotating If you would like to keep the standby field hot ready for an immediate frequency change leave the cursor active in the comm window To remove the cursor press twice after you have selected the desired frequency To make the standby frequency the active frequency press Rg The frequencies will be flip flopped and you ll be able to transmit and receive on the frequency previously entered as standby This can be done at any time regardless of cursor or GPS status SECTION 90 to KFOE etei5S 24 CDI page with cursor inactive 90 to KFOE ete15 14 CDI page with standby field active To flip flop the frequencies press BEB 33 During the course of navigating with the GNC 250XL there may be times when SECTION COMM FEATURES you need to quickly select a comm frequency while you are entering data in the GPS i window Whenever data entry in the GPS window is interrupted by activating the Overview standby frequency field the GPS field in use will become splatted or blocked out Auto Tuning gs g 1830 118 79 trk 356 ri apt KTOP 880 300 166 twr 11879 rnvy 13 31 50005 To auto tune from the nearest airport page press B Once the standby frequency has been entered you may return to data entry b
62. conserve power in the optional battery pack 80 To set the minimum runway length and runway surface 1 Press and hold JM and use to display the Nearest apt search page 2 Press GED twice and use and to enter the minimum runway length upon which your aircraft can land up to 9999 units Press to accept the distance 3 Rotate to display the surface selection you desire Choices include e any surface e hard only surface e soft hard surface e water only surface 4 Use to select ok and press IRA to confirm The GNC 250XIs battery saver feature can be programmed to automatically turn off the backlighting when using the optional remote battery pack This will increase the remote battery life in the event of power failure During this time the GNC 250XL will continue to navigate and track satellites but will not backlight the display until a key is pressed or a knob is turned To set the display timeout 1 Press and hold JEG and rotate to display the Battery saver page 2 Press ED twice to activate the cursor 3 Rotate until the desired value is displayed 0 30 60 or 90 seconds Entering 0 will leave the display on at all times Press QD to finish The GNC 250XL features automatic contrast and backlighting control to adjust the display for optimum viewing in any condition This is done using a photocell at the top left corner of the display bezel It is important that this photocell
63. create a user datum 1 Press and hold J and use to highlight the map datum page 2 Press Ge twice 3 Use to highlight Define user datum Press ERIA 4 Enter the five parameters of the map datum using and Press EEA to accept a field The signs of each value should follow the convention WGS84 local geodetic system 5 Use to highlight ok and press EEI 6 To activate the user datum select USER on the map datum page as described above SECTION UNIT SETTINGS 6 Map Datums 2iso 118768 ap datum GS 84 Define user datum Map datum page showing the default WGS 84 datum This setting should be used unless your paper chart specifies a different datum 11876 166 dy 40 307 da User datum page To use this function you must enter the parameters as differences from the WGS 84 default 85 86 SECTION UNIT SETTINGS T O Settings ff out off I O page settings The last page available under the GNC 250XUs setup menu is the I O setup page The I O setup page lets you configure the GNC 250XL to input RTCM SC 104 correction data output to a RS 232 mapping device or a PC with the optional GARMIN PC Kit or other mapping software and select the appropriate baud rate The I O setup page only provides access to I O channel 2 input output For information on using I O channel 1 please see your GNC 250XL installation manual To change the output sett
64. cs switch All waypoint and route planning done in simulator mode will be saved in the units internal memory To operate the GNC 250XL in simulator mode 1 Turn the unit on by rotating the w knob clockwise The welcome page will appear while he unit conducts a self test Once the self test is complete the welcome page will be replaced by the operating mode page RO Rotate O o move the cursor over the operating mode field Normal 3 Rotate to select Simulator and press the key The cursor will advance to the ok prompt 4 Press BGM to confirm Once the GNC 250XL has been placed in simulator mode the database confirma tion page will appear showing the operating dates cycle number and database type available To acknowledge the database information 1 Press A After the database has been acknowledged the initial position reference page will appear where you may specify the starting position for your simulated trip You can define the initial position by entering a waypoint identifier in the reference field or by manually entering coordinates in the lat lon field To enter an initial position reference by waypoint identifier RO Use and O Press o con ow 4 Press o con Rotate to highlight the waypoint identifier field 0 spell out the identifier of the desired airport navaid or user waypoint firm the identifier The waypoint confirmation page will appear displ
65. cted the direct to N41 1812 W 95 53 62 confirmation page appears to verify the nation are also displayed The graphical CDI located at the top left of the screen dis destination you selected plays your position relative to the desired course and provides turn anticipation and waypoint messages during route navigation I In addition to the destination field and graphical CDI the GNC 250XL CDI page TAKEOFF TOUR features four selectable fields for various navigation data so that the page may be con figured to your own preferences see Section 1 for more information The default set E CDI amp Map Pages tings for the CDI page are e Ground Speed gs Your present speed over the ground in knots e Distance dis The distance to your destination in nautical miles Desired Track dtk The course between active from and to waypoints e Estimated Time Enroute ete The time to your destination based upon your present speed and course in hours and minutes The next page available from the key is the map page The map page com 90 to KOMA etal2 35 bines the primary navigation information from the CDI page distance to waypoint ground speed and track with a moving map display The moving map display shows your current position using an airplane symbol or a diamond symbol relative to near by airports VORs NDBs intersections user waypoints and airspace boundaries CDI page with trk
66. d Turn anticipation 44 44 80 2 22 21 22 2 11 20 22 31 69 75 90 58 61 100 3 17 33 87 59 60 58 61 61 84 32 vii 35 v vi 29 viii 3 33 23 29 82 82 24 14 INDEX APPENDIX G APPENDIX U Unit settings Units of measure User data cards User waypoints y Vertical navigation VNAV Volume VORs W Warranty Waypoint categories Waypoint comment list Waypoint comments page Waypoint confirmation page Waypoint entry Waypoint holding Waypoint identification page Waypoint information Waypoint key Waypoint list Waypoint menu Waypoint scanning Waypoint sequencing Waypoints with comments Winds aloft Z Zoom in out 75 86 83 87 38 48 51 53 26 27 vii 35 38 45 38 37 54 54 55 39 73 74 39 37 56 vii 37 53 37 38 56 73 74 54 26 8 15 Guidance by GARMIN P S GARMIN 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 Fast 151st Street Olathe KS 66062 GARMIN Europe LTD Unit 5 The Quadrangle Abbey Park Industrial Estate Romsey SO51 9AQ UK Web Site Address www garmin com Part No 190 00067 60 Rev A
67. d you are more than 500 feet above or below an SUA you will not be notified with an alert message if you are less than 500 feet above or below an SUA and projected to enter it you will be notified with an alert message The default setting for the altitude buffer is 200 feet To set the warnings or change the altitude buffer 1 Press and hold JG and use to display the SUA settings page 2 Press Gigi twice 3 Rotate to highlight the field you would like to change 4 Use to change to on or off 5 To change the altitude buffer highlight the buffer value and use and to change the data Press EEA to accept 6 Press Qi to complete The NavData card contains over 100 map datums for you to use when navigating By default your unit calculates positions using the WGS 84 map datum If you are using charts based on another datum you must set the GNC 250XL to use the same datum Using a map datum that does not match the charts you are using can result in significant differences in position information If you are using maps for reference only the GNC 250XL will provide correct navigation guidance to the waypoints contained in the database regardless of the datum selected To change the map datum to one listed in Appendix F 1 Press and hold I and use to highlight the map datum page 2 Press GS twice 3 Use to highlight the current map datum 4 Use to change the datum 5 Press QS to complete To
68. e Once you are notified of a SUA alert detailed information concerning the specific SUA is provided by the FEM key To view the SUA alert page 1 Press the BEES key 2 Rotate one stop to the right to view the SUA alert page The SUA alert page contains the following information SUA number Alert type oP ETE if applicable SUA Name or 8 58 controlling gt KANSAS CITY cl Bl lt sua ppe oe MCI 8000 M ground Controlling airport identifier SUA Ceiling altitude SUA Floor altitude The SUA number field displays which SUA you are viewing you may be alerted to up to nine SUAs SUAs are ranked with sual being the highest priority and sua being the lowest priority from your current position The SUA alert field displays the corresponding alert message for this SUA such as near near amp ahead etc see page 58 The ETE esti mated time enroute located at the top right of the page will only be displayed if you are projected to enter the airspace The second line of the SUA alert page displays the name or controlling agency of the SUA along with the type of SUA to which you are being alerted To toggle between the SUA name and controlling agency display 1 Rotate one stop in either direction If the SUA name or controlling agency is too long to fit on the display the GNC 250XL will automatically scroll to display the rest of the information NRST KEY SECTI
69. e informed with the message Proximity overlap This message will be displayed each time you turn on the GNC 250XL for as long as the overlap remains Warning If you enter the overlap area you will only be informed of the nearest proximity waypoint To remove a waypoint from the proximity waypoints page 1 Press GD twice if necessary to obtain a cursor in the GPS window 2 Press GM to erase the name and then E to delete To scroll through the proximity waypoints list 1 Rotate with the cursor inactive or use O with the cursor active to scroll through the available proximity waypoints The scrolling arrow prompt will indicate the direction to scroll to view additional waypoints if available The third page available from the GNC 250XIs key is the user waypoint list which can be used to quickly scan review rename or delete user waypoints To display the user waypoint list 1 Press Fi and use to display the user waypoint list 2 To scroll through the list rotate The total number of user waypoints is displayed at the top of the page with the individual user waypoints listed two at a time in alphabetical order below The scrolling arrow prompt located at the top left of the page will indicate which direc tion to scroll to view additional waypoints The status of each waypoint will be dis played to the right of the identifier when it is the active to waypoint part of an active or stored route or a proximity
70. ed VOR by identifier facility name or city displays region and or country of facility VOR position allows entry of desired VOR by identifier displays latitude longitude and frequency provides magnetic variation weather broadcasts and DME TACAN information VOR comments allows entry of desired VOR by identifier displays user comments for the selected facility VOR information is accessed by entering the desired facility by identifier city or facility name see page 39 on a VOR way comments pages are identical in form and To scroll through the VOR pages 1 Make sure the cursor is not present point page The VOR identification and function to their airport page counterparts If itis press GD 2 Rotate in either direction to scroll through the available pages In addition to displaying the VOR frequency magnetic variation and position the VOR position page indicates if a DME or TACAN is co located at the facility The wx bdcst field indicates that the VOR also tra msmits weather information WPT KEY SECTION VOR Information 3 VOR identification page 2515 12156 or POM 11049 E 15 N34 64 70 W117 4722 tacan x bdcst VOR position page showing co located TACAN facility and weather broadcast 45 SECTION WPT KEY NDB Information NDB identification page 2515 12156 AM comments db X BROADCAST INOP NDB comments page 46 NDB Informatio
71. ed on page 84 I The nearest waypoints for other categories VORs NDBs etc may be viewed by rotating Rotating continuously to the left will stop page selection on the nearest airport category The next page available under the GNC 250XIs key is the SUA special use airspace alert page The SUA alert page will alert you to as many as nine controlled or restricted airspaces near or in your flight path according to the following conditions e If your projected course will take you inside an SUA within the next 10 minutes the message SUA ahead lt 10 min will be displayed e If you are within two nautical miles of an SUA and your current course will take you inside the message SUA Near amp Ahead will be displayed e If you are within two nautical miles of an SUA and your current course will not take you inside the message Near SUA lt 2mm will be displayed If you have entered an SUA the message Inside SUA will be displayed Note that the GNC 250XIs SUA alerts are based on three dimensional data latitude longitude and altitude to avoid nuisance alerts The alert boundaries for controlled air space are also sectorized to provide complete information on any nearby airspace Once you have met one of the described conditions the message annunciator will flash alert ing you of an SUA message To view an SUA message 1 Press the EEA key 2 Press I again to return to the previous pag
72. efore pressing aa 2 Use to highlight the waypoint category you wish to scan 3 Press E to activate the scanning mode name unction being 4 Rotate to place the cursor over the field you want to scan identifier facility or city 5 Use and to enter the letters of the identifier city or facility name The GNC 250XL will scan the database and display the first waypoint that matches your entry 6 Press E to accept the waypoint and EEB again to confirm the waypoint for the used Section 4 Nearest Waypoints The GNC 250XLs key provides detailed information on the nine nearest airports VORs NDBs intersections and user waypoints within 200 nm of your current position In addition it will display the two nearest Flight Service Station FSS and center ARTCC FIR points of communication plus alert you to any Special Use Airspace SUA you may be in or near The key can be used in conjunction with the GNC 250XIs direct to function to quickly set a course to a nearby facility in case of an in flight emer gency To view the nearest waypoint information 1 Press GE This will display the nearest airport to your present position subject to the runway surface type and minimum runway length selected see page 79 To scroll through the next eight nearest airports rotate You may examine both the communication frequencies and the runway information directly from the nearest airport page You may als
73. elect off to dis able the waypoint type entirely To display waypoint identifiers 1 Press and hold JEG then rotate to display the MAP Setup page 2 Press GED twice and rotate to highlight apt ident vor ident ndb ident int ident or user ident 3 Rotate to select the maximum map scale for that waypoint category or select off to disable the waypoint identifiers a The boundaries for airspaces that appear on the map display may be enabled or disabled by airspace type As described above for waypoints you select the maxi mum scale at which the airspace should appear or turn the airspace type off entirely Airspace categories for Class B CTA Class C TMA MOA restricted and other SUAs are provided Other sua includes alert caution danger training and warning areas SECTION UNIT SETTINGS 6 Map Page Setup 21930 11876 AP Setup orientation nrthup auto zoom The automatic zoom feature will automatically adjust the map display through progressively lower scale settings as you approach your destination waypoint 2ise 11876 AP Setup apt 200m apt ident 20m tT A scale setting of 200 for airports will display airport locations on the map display for all scales from 200 on down Airports will not appear on the map display at a scale setting of 300 7 78 SECTION UNIT SETTINGS Map Page Setup CDI Settings
74. enna Installation Rack amp Connectors e Pilots Guide amp Quick Reference Guide e Database Subscription Packet e Warranty Registration Card Optional Accessories Remote Battery Pack AC Adapter PC Software Interface Kit User Data Card 28 to 14 volt DC converter INTRODUCTION Accessories and Packing List To obtain accessories for your GNC 250XL please contact your nearest GARMIN dealer INTRODUCTION Warranty To obtain warranty service see your local dealer or call the GARMIN Customer Service department for a returned merchandise tracking number The unit should be securely packaged with t number clearly marked on the outside of the package and sent freight prepaid and i e tracking sured to a GARMIN authorized warranty service facility GARMIN is fully committed to your sati sfaction as a customer If you have any questions regarding the GNC 250XL please contact our cus service depar O ment at GARMIN International Inc 1200 East 15 1st Street athe KS 66062 3426 913 397 8200 FAX 913 397 8282 omer Every GARMIN GPS is built to exacting standards to provide years of trouble free service GARMIN warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase GARMIN International Inc will at its sole option repair or replace any components which fail in normal use Such repairs o
75. ents the GPS from sequencing to the next waypoint in the route The waypoint sequencing selector may be used in conjunction with the course select feature see page 64 to manually select the course to the hold waypoint ROUTES SECTION On Route Direct To Waypoint Sequencing You can hold on a destination waypoint by setting the waypoint sequencing field to the hold posi tion A user defined course may also be entered in the course select field dis 16128h 261 KSLN eted 2 11 trk 247 Whenever waypoint sequencing is set to hold the desired course is displayed at the bottom left of the CDI page See page 64 for more details 2B To hold on the active to waypoint SECTION ROUTES 1 Press EEE and EGE The direct to confirmation page will appear Waypoint 2 Rotate to highlight the waypoint sequencing field and rotate to select hold Sequencing 3 Press Big The cursor will advance to the course select field where you may manually enter the desired course to the hold waypoint The default course is the GPS course cal culated from your present position 2199 11876 4 Press EG to accept the course select field xt dtk 78 9s 160 dis A438 trk 118 5 Press to confirm the ok prompt The map page will display the inbound course as TOP gt K I xD ete 5 1 a solid line and the outbound course as a dashed line During route operations the CDI p
76. er comments 1 Enter the waypoint identifier from any waypoint page see page 39 and press G to re move the cursor 2 Rotate to display the comments page 3 Press twice and use to highlight either the second or third line 4 Use and to enter the comment 5 Press 0 accept and repeat steps 4 and 5 if necessary to enter information on the other line 6 Press o remove the cursor To view the waypoints with comments list 1 P 2 U The GNC up to six way tion to scroll ess E and use to display the Wpts with comments page se to scroll through the list 250XL will display the waypoints with comments in alphabetical order points at a time The scrolling arrow prompt will indicate which direc o view additional waypoints To view comments for a selected waypoint 1 H 2 R ighlight the desired waypoint and press IENA or press and E to delete otate to display any other available pages for the selected waypoint The GNC 250XIs extensive waypoint database makes it possible for several way points to share the same identifier To ensure that you are selecting the waypoint desired the GNC 250XL will always offer the waypoint confirmation page which shows the waypoints position when an identifier is entered for a particular function To accept the waypoint position 1 Press BGM with the cursor over the ok prompt To reject the waypoint position
77. essing EY TAKEOFF TOUR The map display may be oriented along your ground track track up course desired track up or fixed at north up Desired track up or north up settings show your present position with a dia mond symbol instead of the airplane symbol Communication frequencies are shown in the top left corner of the map page instead of across the top line as shown on other GNC 250XL screens TAKEOFF TOUR Map Scales NAVCOM Page To change the map scale rotate the knob clock wise to increase the scale or counterclockwise to decrease the scale Ltwrs11836 The NAVCOM page lists the frequencies for your departure and arrival airports To place a fre quency from this list on standby highlight the desired frequency and press EA The map display has 14 available ranges from 0 5 to 300 nautical miles statute miles or kilometers representing the vertical height of the map The map scale is con trolled by the inner knob with the current scale displayed in the lower right corner of the page To select a map scale 1 Rotate the knob clockwise to increase the map scale and show a larger area 2 Rotate the knob counterclockwise to decrease the map scale and show a smaller area Another page available under the GNC 250XIs key is the navigation communications NAVCOM page It provides you with a complete list of airport frequencies at your departure and arrival airports allowing c
78. g a course to a destination waypoint Once a direct to destination is activated the GNC 250XL will establish a point to point route line along the great circle from your present position to the destination and provide steering guidance and navigation data to the waypoint until it is cancelled If you are navigating to a waypoint and get off course the direct to function may also be used to re center the d bar to proceed to the same waypoint To select a direct to destination 1 Press the key The CDI page will appear with the destination field highlighted 2 Use and to enter the identifier of the desired waypoint 3 Press iia to confirm the identifier and Mj to accept the direct to confirmation page To re center the d bar to the same active to waypoint 1 Press the EM key followed by BEM twice A direct to may also be quickly activated from many pages that display a single waypoint identifier e g the nearest airport page by simply pressing and B For pages that display a list of waypoints e g the user waypoint list page you must highlight the desired waypoint with the cursor before pressing the key Once a direct to is activated the GNC 250XL will provide navigation guidance until the direct to is cancelled or the unit is turned off To cancel a direct to destination 1 Place the cursor over the destination field on the CDI page 2 Press GY The destination field will go blank 3 Press EEA The GNC
79. gate using visual flight ay continue to rules Your position should be verified every 15 minutes using a CDI scale other t CDI scale may re this message RAIM has detected selected a CDI sca other navigation sources han Au ove the positio e other internal memory I GNC 250XL is u you have selected o selecting a larger conditions causing n errors If you have than Auto selecting a larger CDI scale may remove the conditions causing this message e GNC 250XL has detected a failure in its the message persists the GNC 250XL is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center The GNC 250XL has detected a condition requiring service in the receiver hardware The GNC 250XL should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center The GNC 250XL is ready for navigation The GNC 250XL has detected a failure in the receiver hardware If the message persists the usable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center Remote ENT key stuck The remote ENT key is stuck in the pressed stallation The remote XFR key is stuck in the pressed stallation state Check the i state Check the i ROM failed Route is empty Route is full Route wpt deleted Route wpt locked Route wpt moved RTCM input fail MESSAGES amp ABBREVIATIONS APPENDIX D The GNC 250XL has detected a failure in its permanent
80. ge If pressing ag once does not display the waypoint menu page press a second time 2 Press GE twice and rotate to highlight the desired waypoint category 3 Press EA to accept the waypoint category The waypoint identification or position page for the selected category will appear with the waypoint identifier field ready for entry After a waypoint category is selected information for a waypoint may be viewed by entering the identifier or name of the desired waypoint Airports VORs and NDBs may be entered by either the identifier name or the location city of the facility Intersections and user waypoints must be entered by the identifier To enter a waypoint identifier 1 With the cursor over waypoint identifier he waypoint field use and to enter the As the identifier is entered the GNC 250XLs Spell N Find feature will scroll through the available database displaying those waypoints matching the identifier let ters you have entered to that point When the desired waypoint is displayed press to remove the cursor To obtain waypoint information by entering the facility name of the airport or navaid or its location 1 Press MGM and rotat e to display the waypoint menu page 2 Press GE twice and rotate to highlight the desired waypoint category 3 Press GM to accept the waypoint category 4 Rotate to highlight the middle field to enter location city OR
81. he city or facility name information is too long Apt KICT comments ICT _ 13307 av jet to fit the screen the name will scroll across the l eae FLIGHT eds 39 a l Hga A as page every few seconds so the complete name can be read 12515 12196 12515 12136 ICT 81L 19R 103805 ICTL ats 12515 ard srfc ft lights Ir 12579 gnd 12199 ils ITWI 10910 rw il we 11820 uni 12295 Airport Runway Page Airport Communication Page 2015 1213548 i g l i z F ICT 1330 av Jet a x a x N37 3900 WO9 2599 i S c ass C To scroll through the airport pages 1 Make sure the cursor is not present If it is press GE The airport position page shows the position field elevation and available fuel types for the 2 Rotate in either direction to scroll through the available pages selected airport 40 The GNC 250XL features five airport pages airport identification allows entry of desired airport by identifier facility name or city displays region and or country of facility airport position allows entry of desired airport by identifier displays latitude longitude and elevation indicates usage and fuel availability displays available approaches and airport control radar capability airport communication allows entry of desired airport by identifier displays radio frequencies usage and sector and altitude restrictions airport runway allows entry of desired airport by identifier indicates runway designations length surf
82. he parallel track distance is too large for the active route The GNC 250XL has detected excessive drift in its internal crystal oscillator which may result in longer acquisition time The unit should be taken to an authorized service center immediately The GNC 250XL cannot acquire sufficient satellites necessary to provide navigation Your craft has penetrated the alarm circle of a proximity waypoint Press NAV to see the bearing and distance to the proximity waypoint The circles defined by two proximity way points overlap When entering the area of the overlap the GNC 250XL will warn you of he closest proximity waypoint but not both You should be certain this condition is desirable At least one proximity waypoint is locked because the waypoint has been removed from the Jeppesen NavData the data card is missing or the data card has failed One or more proximity waypoints were moved at least 0 33 arc minutes due to a database change One or more proximity waypoints were deleted while receiving data from the PC Interface Kit The GNC 250XL is unusable until power has been cycled and the unit re initialized Abnormal satellite conditions may exist O RAIM not available RAIM position warn RAM failed Rcvr needs service Ready for navigation Receiver failed Remote XFR key stuck The GNC 250XL is unable to cross check its position using RAIM You navi
83. ill represent the first legs distance plus the second leg and so on The time field may be configured to display the estimated time enroute ete estimated time of arrival eta or desired track dtk for each leg Active Route Page Inserting Waypoints To change the leg and time fields 118 PF 1 With the cursor active rotate to highlight the field you want to change TOP gt KSLN cum dtk 2 Rotate to select the desired setting and press QD KSLN 18523 KCOS 41932 265 The active route page may also be used to create a new route or edit the route you are currently navigating and provides a fast method of selecting any route waypoint as Active route page with cumulative distance cum your next destination waypoint without modifying the active route If you are editing and desired track dtk displayed the active route and want to save it in its original form copy it to an open storage route before editing To add waypoints to the active route 1 Press QED twice if necessary to activate the cursor 213 a 118 7 g 2 Use to highlight the first blank waypoint field or highlight the waypoint before which TOP gt KSLN leg ete you would like to add the new waypoint ae P E 3 Use and to enter the new waypoint identifier Press EE 4 Press ERM to accept or R to cancel The cursor will automatically move to the next waypoint field and the remaining route waypoints if any are present will move down
84. information for thousands of airports VORs NDBs and intersections Each facility in the database is stored as a waypoint with its own latitude longitude identifier up to five let ters and or numbers and other pertinent information Up to 1 000 user waypoints may also be created and stored in the GNC 250XIs internal memory Waypoint Menu Page Proximity Waypoints Page 11838 12436 11830 12436 Select waypoint type Proximity waypoints apt vor ndb KACY dis 15 Bn int user 11838 12536 pte with comments KIXD_ KLAX KSUSM OTTER RUCKR Waypoints with Comments List User Waypoint List Waypoint information is available through four primary waypoint pages accessible from the GNC 250XIs key The waypoint pages may be scrolled through by press ing the key and rotating the outer knob until the desired page is displayed or by pressing the key repeatedly Overview SECTION WPT KEY H Please note that your GNC 250XL uses ICAO identifiers for all airports All U S airport identifiers which contain only letters use the prefix K For example Los Angeles International is KLAX under the ICAO standard Other airports such as Otten Memorial VS that contain numbers in the identifier do not require the K prefix Many foreign countries use two letter prefixes For more information on ICAO identifiers contact Document Sales Unit International Civil Aviation Organization 999 University Street Montreal Quebec
85. ings for I O channel 2 1 Press and hold JEG and rotate until the 1 0 setup page is displayed 2 Press twice and rotate to select off or plotting for output to an RS 232 device 3 Rotate to advance the cursor to the baud rate field 4 Use to select the desired baud rate 300 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 5 Press QD to finish Appendix A NavData and User Data Installation and Operation The NavData card supplied with your GNC 250XL can be installed or removed when the GNC 250XL is on or off Insert the card with the thumb tab at the top and the beveled corner at the bottom If the NavData card is not present when the unit is powered on you will receive a firmation page and you will onl o Jeppesen database message on the database con y be able to use user waypoints for navigation If the NavData card is removed during operation a No data card present warning will appear asking you to reinsert the data card within 30 seconds If the card is not replaced within 30 seconds the also reinitialize the unit manual An optional user data card GNC 250XL will automatically reinitialize You may y by pressing B can be used to make a backup of user waypoints routes etc and transfer inform To save user data to the user 1 Install the user data ca tion to another GNC 250XL data card d 2 Rotate to highlight Save user data Press EN to confirm
86. ion 2199 11876 te search TOP KFOE 37m DEPARTURE WAYPOINT Parallel Track 70 lt gt ARRIVAL F WAYPOINT Parallel trk L Gsm Enter parallel track value after route activation During route navigation it is sometimes desirable to navigate a specified distance away from the active leg to help avoid certain airspaces or regions The GNC 250XIs parallel track feature will automatically guide you along a selected offset from the active leg Bearing and distance information will be to the waypoints along the origi nal course with the CDI on the CDI page centered on the offset course line To use offset navigation or parallel track 1 Press REM and use to display the route catalog page 2 Use to display route 0 parallel track can only be used on the active route 3 Press twice and use to highlight the parallel track value field 4 Use and O to enter the desired distance and direction R or L from the leg 5 Press EA to accept The map page will display the offset route as a solid line and the original route as a dashed line It is important to note that offset navigation is only available on route navigation not direct to navigation When offset navigation is activated an Offset nav in effect message will be displayed with the distance and direction noted on the route catalog page for route 0 If you enter an offset which causes a leg to be reversed you ll be informed w
87. ion 19 Map datums 85 101 102 Map display 6 7 ap orientation 15 Map page 6 8 11 14 16 Map scales 8 15 ap setup display 76 easurement units 83 essages 2 25 31 58 92 96 SG key viii 75 N AVCOM page 4 8 11 16 17 35 avData cards 33 87 88 AV Key vii 4 11 AV menu 1 11 23 28 AV menu 2 11 28 32 DBs 38 46 RST key vii 9 57 Nearest airport Nearest SUA Nearest waypoints o OBS Offset navigation Orientation Outer knob P Packing list Parallel track Position page Power volume knob Power on normal Power off Proximity Waypoints R RAIM prediction RAIM protection Radar information Receiver status Reference waypoint Removal of the GNC 250XL Renaming user waypoints Restoring user data Reversing a route Route catalog page Route comments Route key Route navigation Routes 9 57 79 58 9 57 14 70 15 viii iii 65 70 4 11 18 19 vii 1 10 37 52 30 78 42 21 19 89 53 88 67 65 65 vil 62 62 74 Runway page Runway surface S Satellite acquisition Satellite data page Satellite information Satellite status page Scheduler Search and rescue operations Settings submenus Simulator mode Special Use Airspace SUA Specifications Standby frequency Storing user data SUA alert page SUA altitude fields SUA messages SUA settings page Sunrise sunset planning Squelch T Table of contents Time Transfer key Trip planning Trip timer Trip timer settings True air spee
88. irect to waypoint or the last waypoint in a route Once you have reached the set distance up to 99 9 units an Arrival at message will be displayed To set the arrival alarm distance 1 Press and hold JH and use to display the Mag Var Arvl Alarm page 2 Press twice and use to select the arrival distance field 3 Use and to enter the desired distance Press GS to finish The nearest airport search settings allow you to define the runway length and surface type used in determining the nine nearest airports displayed A minimum runway length and surface type may be entered to prevent airports with small runways or run ways that are not of appropriate surface from being displayed The default settings are 0 ft mt for runway length and any for runway surface type UNIT SETTINGS SECTION Magnetic Variation Arrival Alarm auto mag arrival Setting the arrival alarm to 10 nautical miles min rnwy len 26605 hard only srfc The runway length and surface type settings allow pilots of large high performance aircraft to direct the key function to ignore those airports at which if would be difficult if not impossible to land their aircraft 79 SECTION UNIT SETTINGS Nearest Airport Search Battery Saver 2190 11876 Battery saver turn off backlight 38 s after last keypress Display timeout settings As shown the display backlight will turn off after 30 seconds to
89. ite geometry to work with during your flight RAIM availabil ity will be near 100 in Oceanic En route and Terminal phases of flight To predict RAIM availability 1 Press E and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press twice and rotate to highlight RAIM Prd Press E 3 Rotate to highlight the field which you would like to change 4 Use and to enter the waypoint name or leave it blank to use your current position Press BESA to accept 5 Use and to enter the ETA in hours and minutes in local or UTC time whichever you have selected from the clock display and the day month and year The current date will be displayed automatically Press Ej to accept 6 Rotate to highlight Compute RAIM 7 Press EA to compute information When the computations are complete the GNC 250XL will display whether or not RAIM is available for the specified waypoint at the specified date and time Refer to the table on page 78 for specific RAIM protection limits as they relate to CDI scale figures The scheduler function will display reminder messages such as Change oil Switch fuel tanks Overhaul etc after a specified time has elapsed For example if you enter Change oil to be displayed in 30 hours the message Change oil will be displayed after the GNC 250XL has been running in Normal mode for 30 hours After appearing the message will be disp
90. ith the message Ofst too big for rte If you change the active route in any way or perform a direct to you ll be informed with an Offset nav cancelled message Flying and Modifying the Active Route Once a route has been created and activated the GNC 250XL will provide naviga tion to each route waypoint through the active route and CDI pages From the active route page you may also create and modify the active route The CDI page will dis play detailed navigation data on your progress to each route waypoint and provide turn anticipation waypoint arrival and next desired track information By under standing the relationship between the active route and CDI pages and the role of the waypoint sequencing selector you ll be able to get the most out of the GNC 250XIs advanced route features Whenever the GNC 250XL is navigating an on route direct to or route the active route page will provide a list of the route waypoints in sequence along with dis tance time and course information You may also create and edit a route directly from the active route page If you want to save a route created from the active route page route 0 you must copy it to an open storage route see page 68 before turning the unit off or activating another route The active route page may be displayed by press ing the key and rotating left continuously It will also appear whenever a route is activated To scroll through the active route waypoints
91. justment SECTION UNIT SETTINGS 6 Display Settings 2190 11870 Display contrast 5 mode psty The display contrast may be set to automatically adjust to varying lighting conditions using the built in photocell 121598 Display 11876 contrast auto 56 iela Setting the display mode to negative will display on screen characters as light green on a black background This setting is suitable for night time operation To change the backlighting intensity SECTION UNIT SETTINGS 1 Press and hold JG and rotate to display the Backlight intensity page Backlighting Trip Timer 2 Press GED twice to highlight the mode field 3 Rotate to select auto or manual 4 If manual is selected rotate to highlight the level field and use to select the desired backlighting level ah i i ma g t t The trip timer provides a running clock on NAV Menu 2 see page 29 and can E g INTENS ty be configured to run when power is on or when your ground speed exceeds a user mode auto defined minimum level rok The backlight intensity settings page is used to i _ set adjust the screen backlighting for day or night 1 Press and hold J and use to display the trip timer settings page time operation To change the trip timer settings 2 Press twice to activate the cursor 3 Use to select either pwr is on or gs exceeds 4 If you choose
92. kg e pounds Ib e liters It Units of measure settings with all metric values displayed pressure inches of mercury hg e millibars mb temperature degrees Fahrenheit P e degrees Celsius c SECTION UNIT SETTINGS SUA Settings Altitude Buffer ise 11876 B cta on moa on C tma on oth on alt 166 rstcd on The SUA settings page with all airspace alerts enabled and the altitude buffer set to 100 meters 2199 11876 B cta on moa on C tma on oth off alt 566 rstcd on The SUA settings page with other airspaces dis abled and the altitude buffer set to 500 feet 84 The Special Use Airspace settings page will allow you to turn the controlled restricted airspace message alerts on or off This will not affect the alerts listed on the nearest page It will simply turn off the warning when you are approaching or near an SUA Warnings can be turned on off for the following airspaces class B eta ICAO control area moa Military operations area class C tma ICAO Terminal Control Area other Other areas includes alert rstcd Restricted areas caution danger training warning SUA warnings for prohibited airspace cannot be turned off The alt field located at the bottom of the SUA settings page is an altitude buffer which expands the vertical range of the SUA so you will be notified if you are within a certain range of an SUA For example if the buffer is set at 500 feet an
93. l Germany olivia Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Peru Venezuela South Chile uerto Rico amp Virgin Isl Qatar South Greenland lascarene Island Sardinia Island Sweden Espirito Santo Island Sao Miguel Santa Maria slands Azores East Falkland Island amibia Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Venezuela Trinidad Tobago Singapore orto Santo and Madeira slands Faial Graciosa Pico Sao orge and Terceira Islands Azores ladagascar Brunei and East Malaysia Sarawak and Sabah apan Korea Okinawa Tristan da Cunha User datum Viti Levulsland Fiji Islands arshall Islands World Geodetic System 1972 World Geodetic System 1984 Uruguay Surinam a A Abbreviations Accessory list Activating a route Activating a route in reverse Active frequency Active to amp from waypoints Active route page Adding waypoints to a route irport comments page irport communications page irport runway page irport position page ir ir port identification page port information titude titude buffer pproach information pproach timer rrival alarm setting utomatic zoom oStore o tune Perrrrrrrerrere Ee S z B Battery saver Backlighting Appendix 6 Index C 97 99 Cautions ii ii CDI 4 6 12 78 67 CDI page 4 6 11 13 78 67 CDI sensitivity setting 12 78 3 33 Channel 2 1 0 86 62 Checking GPS coverage 20 21 30 71 Checklists
94. layed each time the GNC250XL is turned on until it is changed or deleted To enter a scheduled message 1 Press IR and rotate to display NAV Menu 2 2 Press twice and rotate until Scheduler is highlighted 3 Press EL 4 Rotate to highlight the message you would like to edit To delete press JEN then EE 5 Use and to enter the message Press EE 6 Use and to set the time to elapse before the message is displayed in hours and minutes up to 99 hours and 59 minutes this time is cumulative and counts whenever the GNC 250XL is on in normal operating mode 7 Press EL You may edit another scheduled message by repeating steps 4 5 6 and 7 or if you are finished press BD NAV KEY SECTION NAV Menu 2 Scheduler 1830 612436 scheduled messages CHANGE OIL 10 0 ANNUAL 57 0 The scrolling arrow prompt indicates which direc tion to scroll to view additional listings The scheduled message will appear after the timer expires and reappear every time the GNC 250XL is powered on until the message is changed 32 SECTION NAV KEY Sunrise Sunset Calculations 1839 612430 Sunr ise sunset pt KROG 25 nov 9 Rise 13 03 Set 23 03 Sunrise sunset planning page showing UTC Zulu sunrise and sunset times for KROG The GNC 250XIs sunrise sunset planning function allows you to calculate the time of sunrise or sunset at any waypoint or your present position for
95. ll be dis Press Ea er the desired final to altitude Press Eta er the distance from the waypoint Press EER Use to select before or after the waypoint Press ESA ect the waypoint identifier it must be a waypoint in the active route Press EE You will now notice that the vertical speed has been calculated based on your present speed If you desire a more rapid climb or descent rate 8 Use and to enter the new desired vertical speed or press MM to accept the calculated value 9 Press to activate the vertical navigation function If you enter a value greater than the value computed by the GNC 250XL the time before the maneuver is to begin will be displayed When the countdown reaches 15 sec onds you will be informed with the message Start altitude chng The VNAV function will automatically be cancelled if the active direct to or route is changed in any way and you will be informed with a VNAV cancelled message The GNC 250XL allows you to create up to nine checklists with 30 items each to remind you of repetitive tasks These checklists can be called up at any time for review and are useful for creating pre flight checklists landing checklists emergency proce dures etc Each name or function can have up to 16 characters each To create a checklist 1 Press I and rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press GD twice and rotate until Chklist is highlighted P
96. lso view additional frequencies with the cursor on the page by rotating the knob The following descriptions and abbreviations are used on the communication page Frequencies without restriction information ats Automatic terminal information service ATIS ptx Pre taxi clr Clearance delivery gnd Ground twr Tower uni Unicom mul Multicom atf Aerodrome traffic frequency ctf Common traffic advisory frequency CTAF mf Mandatory frequency oth Other frequencies Frequencies with restriction information e dep Departure e arv Arrival e cta ICAO control area e class C e apr Approach class B tma ICAO terminal control area trsa Terminal radar service area Receive only frequencies will be followed by an rx indicator while transmit only frequencies will display a tx If a frequency has sector and or altitude restric tions they will also be displayed Sector restrictions define a range of radials from the facility while altitude restrictions may describe an area above below or between altitudes Additional instructions if available will be displayed on the bottom line SECTION WPT KEY Airport Communications Page 2145 CLTL 17136 ats 12115 ats 13210 clr 12715 ond 121s sand 12199 Airport communications page for KCLT Note the rx receive only indication on the ATIS frequencies Frequency page with sector restrictions 4
97. memory If this message occurs the unit is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center An attempt has been empty route An attempt has been 31 waypoints not allow One or while receiving data from the op Interface Kit a ore than 3 ore route waypoints were deleted ade to activate an ade to add more than to a route The GNC 250XL will waypoints per route ional PC At least one route waypoint is locked because he waypoint or the data ca One or more east 0 33 arc change The DGPS da has been removed from the Jeppesen NavData the data card is missing d has failed oute waypoints were moved at minutes due to a database a signal was being received but has now been lost Check wiring 95 SUA ahead lt 10 min The projected course and current speed will APPENDIX MESSAGES amp take you inside an SUA within the next 10 minutes ABBREVI ATIONS SUA near amp ahead Your position is within two nautical miles of an SUA and your current course will take you inside Timer expired The approach timer has expired User data RX started Data receive operations have started Usr data TX complete Data transmit operations are complete VNAV cancelled The VNAV function has been cancelled due to a change in the active route WGS 84 datum selectd The system map datum was changed to Searching
98. n 8a N27 5155 W082 3276 YX bdcst NDB Position Page The GNC 250XL also uses identification position and comments pages for NDB information The NDB waypoint pages are used in the same manner as VOR pages NDB information is accesse see page 39 on the NDB i d by entering the desired facility s identifier city or name dentification page To scroll through the NDB pages 1 Make sure the cursor is not present If it is press ED 2 Rotate in eith The NDB position page er direction to scroll through the available pages see above displays the selected facility s identifier fre quency and position as well as any weather broadcasts available The NDB comment page will display any user comments for the selected NDB see page 54 for instruc tions on entering user com ments Intersection Information oo TA W295 32 07 TOP 173 1678 Intersection Position Page The last database waypoint category available is intersections Two intersection pages are available intersection position and intersection comments Intersections may be entered by identifier only not city or name on either intersection page To scroll through the intersection pages 1 Make sure the cursor is not present If it is press QD 2 Rotate to toggle between the available pages The intersection position page displays the selected facility s identifier region and or country latitude and longitude
99. n of the GNC 250XL including powering up the unit changing frequencies entering data and performing a simple Power On direct to and a limited introduction to the Nearest functions In addition this section also briefly covers the position CDI and frequency pages available from the NAV key These pages will be used for most of your in flight navigation The Takeoff Tour assumes that the GPSCOM and antennas have been properly installed and you have not changed any of the GNC 250XIs default settings If you have 1830 12280 changed any of the factory default settings position format units of measure selectable GNC 250XL v 2 01 fields etc the pictures used may not match your configuration Prior to using your GNC e199 GARM IN Corp 250XL for the first time we recommend that you taxi to a location that is well away from Performing self tes buildings and other aircraft so the unit can collect satellite data without interruption The welcome page appears when the GNC 250XL Powering up the GNC 250XL is turned on During the time this screen is displayed the GNC 250XL performs a self test to The GNC 250XIs power and volume are controlled using the power volume knob ensure proper operation at the bottom left of the unit Rotating it clockwise will turn the unit on and increase the radio volume After turning the unit on a welcome page will be displayed while the unit performs a self test 1836 122
100. n you are finished In addition to the other five pages the GNC 250XL features two menu pages to perform a host of planning and navigation functions NAV Menu 1 provides access to the following functions Trip Planning Density altitude true airspeed calc e Fuel Planning e Winds aloft calculations e VNAV Planning e Checklists To display NAV Menu 1 1 Press E 2 Rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed Trip Plan is the first function listed on NAV Menu 1 and allows the pilot to view distance ESA bearing and estimated time enroute ETE between any two waypoints and for programmed route legs The ground speed can be varied manually to calcu late several possible ETEs To use the trip planning function 1 Press QQ and rotate O until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press GE twice then GM to access trip planning 3 Rotate to select waypoint mode or desired route number and press EEA 4 For direct to navigation use and to enter the to and from waypoints Press to accept the waypoints To use your present position as a waypoint leave the way point field blank 5 For route calculations choose either cum for cumulative data from beginning to end or the leg desired by rotating 6 Use and to enter the ground speed Press BEN to calculate the values and to finish NAV KEY SECTION NAV Menu 1 Trip Planning 1839 12430 rip Plan Dalt tas uel Plan Winds nay Plan Chkl ist
101. necessary to use the data received from the user data card 5 Rotate to select either Replace or Update 6 Press to begin transferring data to the GNC 250XL The GNC 250XL will now transfer all of the data requested 1 7 To continue with more data when ok is highlighted his may take a few minutes transfer types repeat steps 4 5 and 6 Otherwise press 8 Turn the GNC 250XL off and replace the user data card with a NavData card The GNC 250XL is now ready for no mal operation Appendix B Installation Removal and Maintenance of the GNC 250XL The aviation rack is designed to allow easy removal of the GNC 250XL This enables you to use the unit at home to create routes interface to a PC etc using an optional AC adapter To install the GNC 250XL into the aviation rack 1 Insert a 3 32 allen wrench in the small hole adjacent to the dual knob 2 Rotate the wrench counterclockwise until it stops to ensure the pawl latch is in the proper position 3 Insert the GNC 250XL into the aviation rack and rotate the wrench clockwise to secure the unit To ensure proper connector seating gently press on the left side of the unit until tightened 3 32 ALLEN N WRENCH To remove the GNC 250XL from the aviation rack 1 Insert a 3 32 allen wrench in the small hole adjacent to the dual knob 2 Rotate the wrench counterclockwise until the GNC 250XL can be removed from the r
102. not be cov ered to ensure proper display adjustment You may also select manual control of the display contrast and backlighting to tailor the GNC 250XL to your needs To change the display contrast settings 1 Press and hold JW and rotate to show the Display page 2 Press twice and use to select auto or manual control 3 Press JEL 4 If manual is selected use to set the display constrast level If auto is selected you may also change the offset level to your preference 5 Press Qi to complete The mode selection allows you to display on screen characters as black on a light green background positive or light green on a black background negative With the auto setting the photocell selects the best mode for day or night viewing To change the display mode settings 1 Press and hold JEG and rotate to show the Display settings page 2 Press Q twice and use to highlight the mode field 3 Rotate to select pstv ngtv or auto 4 If auto is selected rotate to highlight the threshold level and use to select the level at which the display will switch from positive to negative for night time use Note Some experimentation may be necessary to obtain the desired response level The backlight intensity settings control the backlighting level and allow for automatic adjustment using the built in photocell or manual ad
103. ntinuously 15 meters 49ft RMS 999 knots velocity 3g acceleration C 429 Plotting NMEA 0183 V2 0 Aviation PC Interface Altitude Serializer Fuel Sensor Fuel Air Data Computer ADINDAN AFGOOYE AIN EL ABD 1970 ANNA 1 ASTRO 1965 ARC 1950 ARC 1960 ASCENSION IS 1958 ASTRO B4 SOROL ATOLL ASTRO BEACON E ASTRO DOS 71 4 ASTRONOMIC STN 1952 AUSTRALIAN GEOD 1966 AUSTRALIAN GEOD 1984 AUSTRIA NS BELGIUM 1950 BELLEVUE IGN BERMUDA 1957 BOGOTA OBSERVATORY BUKIT RIMPAH CAMP AREA ASTRO CAMPO INCHAUSPE CANTON ASTRO 1966 CAPE CAPE CANAVERAL CARTHAGE CH 1903 CHATHAM 1971 CHUA ASTRO CORREGO ALEGRE DANISH GI 1934 DJAKARTA BATAVIA Appendix F Map Datums Ethiopia Mali Senegal Sudan Somalia Bahrain Island Saudi Arabia Cocos Islands Botswana Lesotho Malawi Swaziland Zaire Zambia Zimbabwe Kenya Tanzania Ascension Island Tern Island Iwo Jima Island St Helena Island Marcus Island Australia Tasmania Island Australia Tasmania Island Austria Belgium Efate and Erromango Islands Bermuda Islands Colombia Indonesia Antarctica Argentina Phoenix Islands South Africa Florida Bahama Islands Tunisia Switzerland Chatham Island New Zealand Paraguay Brazil Denmark Sumatra Island Indonesia DOS 1968 EASTER ISLAND 1967 EUROPEAN 1950 EUROPEAN 1979 FINLAND HAYFORD 1910 G SEGARA GANDAJIKA BASE GEODETIC DATUM 1949 GGRS 87 GUAM 1963 GUX 1 ASTRO
104. ntrol 1 Press the EJ key Press MJ again to return to automatic squelch Whenever the GNC 250XL is transmitting a tx icon will appear between the active and standby frequency fields If the microphone is stuck or accidentally left in the keyed position or if the headsets continue to transmit after the key is released the radio will automatically timeout after 35 seconds of continuous broadcasting You ll also receive a Stuck mic Tx disabled message as long as the stuck condition exists COMM FEATURES SECTION Auto Tuning Volume amp Squelch 18390 12436 dis 367s trk 260 90 to KFOE etei5 24 TX indicating radio transmission 35 36 SECTION COMM FEATURES Emergency Channel Selection 2158 12436 dis 307s trk 362 90 to KFOE eteil5 24 The emergency channel 121 50 will appear in the active field by pressing FJ for more than two seconds The GNC 250XIs emergency channel select feature provides a quick method of selecting the 121 5 MHz frequency as the active frequency in the event of an in flight emergency The emergency channel select is available whenever the unit is on regardless of GPS or cursor status or loss of the display To automatically tune for emergency transmission 1 Press and hold the BJ key for more than two seconds Section 3 Waypoint and Database Information The GNC 250XL uses a Jeppesen NavData card to provide position and facility
105. o communi cations Furthermore there is no guarantee that interfer ence will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by relo cating the equipment or connecting the equipment to a dif ferent circuit than the affected equipment Consult an authorized dealer or other qualified avionics technician for additional help if these remedies do not correct the problem Operation of this device is subject to the following conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful inter ference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation The GARMIN GNC 250XL does not contain any user serviceable parts Repairs should only be made by an authorized GARMIN service center Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void your warranty and authority to operate this device under Part 15 regulations CAUTION The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment Although the GARMIN GNC 250XL is a precision electronic NAVigation AID NAVAID any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsale carefully review and understand all aspects of this Owners Manual and th
106. o place the displayed frequency into the standby field by pressing a from the nearest airport page To view more comm runway information 1 Press QD twice and rotate to highlight the comm field or the runway field 2 Rotate to scroll through more information if available To perform a direct to on any of the nearest waypoint pages 1 Press ESM The waypoint confirmation page will appear 2 Press to accept the waypoint or ABM to cancel SECTION NRST KEY 4 Overview 2780 1183a ri apt KIXD 10990 150 593a twr 11836 rnwy 17 7 35 73005 Nearest airport with other frequency information If an airport has multiple frequencies available they may be quickly viewed without activating the cursor by pressing the key repeatedly Nearest FSS page To view additional frequencies if available highlight the frequency and rotate the knob 57 58 SECTION NRST KEY Special Use Airspace MCI 8000 M ground Nearest SUA with controlling agency displayed NOTE The GNC 250XL will flash the J next to the EY key to inform you of SUA alerts You do not have to repeatedly check the Nearest Waypoint page for SUA information It is provided to supply more information on the SUA and its boundaries The GNC 250XL will not flash alerts however if it has been turned off or if your altitude is such that you will not enter the buffered airspace Turning off SUA alerts and setting the altitude buffer is describ
107. ons including Approach timer e Clock Date and time Trip Timer e RAIM Prediction Scheduler messages Sunrise and sunset calculations The approach timer acts as either a count up or a count down timer that can be set or reset at any time To activate change view the approach timer 1 Press QQ and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press GE twice and rotate until Appr Time is highlighted Press EEA 3 Rotate to select either Count up or Count down Press BENA 4 Use and to set the time from which to begin counting Press ERIA 5 Rotate to select the desired function Start Stop or Reset Press EE to execute When the count down timer reaches zero you will be informed with a Timer expired message The timer will then begin to count up displaying the time since it expired The timer runs if not altered whenever the GNC 250XL is turned on The GNC 250XL clock function keeps track of both UTC time Greenwich Mean Time or Zulu Time calculated from the satellites and local time allowing you to designate which format to use for all time displays The local time and date can be set without displaying local time on other GNC 250XL pages To set the local date time 1 Press I and rotate until NAV Menu 2 is displayed 2 Press GD twice and rotate until Clock is highlighted Press EEN 3 Use to select either utc or local time to be
108. onvenient selection of frequencies you ll need along your flight path If you do not have an active departure airport the navigation communications page will display the frequencies for the airport nearest your departure position To view the NAVCOM page from the map page rotate one stop to the right The NAVCOM page lists your departure and arrival airports on the left side of the page with all the database frequencies listed in a column down the right side of the page To scroll through the list of frequencies simply rotate the inner knob in the direction of the arrow prompts at the bottom left of the page To place a frequency from the list in the standby field 1 Press the key twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Use the knob to select the desired frequency Press to place the frequency in the standby field The cursor will automatically advance to the next frequency on the list Once a direct to is activated the CDI page will provide navigation to the destina tion until the direct to is cancelled or another direct to destination is activated To cancel a direct to from the CDI page 1 Press the key twice to activate the cursor in the destination field 2 Press E 3 Press EL The GNC 250XIs key provides the nine nearest airports VORs NDBs inter sections user waypoints and any SUA special use airspace alerts as well as the two closest FSS Flight Service Station and center ARTCC frequencies f
109. or your present position The nearest waypoint feature is a handy safety feature that may be used to execute a quick direct to in case of an in flight emergency or to review the closest facil ities to your present position The nearest feature can also be used to quickly find the contact frequency of the nearest airport and enter it in the standby field To view the nine nearest airports 1 Press the key The nearest airport will be displayed with the range and bearing from your present position along with elevation frequency and runway data 2 To review the rest of the nearest airport list rotate the knob to the right To place a nearest airport frequency in the standby field 1 Press EBM Press the RJ key to place the frequency in the active field To view the nearest list for other waypoint categories VOR NDB etc 1 Rotate the knob to the right or press the RE key repeatedly 2 Rotate to scroll through the list TAKEOFF TOUR Cancelling a Direct To Nearest Waypoints 1830 12436 ri apt KTOP 8805 2r3 Saan twr 11876 rnwy 13 31 5000 The nearest airport page shows up to nine nearest airports from your present position 1836 11876 ri apt KTOP 8805 2 73 Baan twr 11879 rnvy 13 31 56605 To place a nearest airport frequency in the stand by field press IA TAKEOFF TOUR Nearest Airports Shutting Down 1836 11876 r2 apt KFOE 10805 234 1178 twr 12089 rnvy 13 31 128
110. planning information The pages may be viewed by pressing the MM key and rotating the outer knob or by pressing the MJ key repeatedly CDI page Map page NAVCOM page 11828 12438 H F 1839 12436 f gs 1 IXD uni 12235 is 141 728 bra 341 0 gnd 12430 i G A Lter511836 NAV Menu 2 Position page 11828 12430 12439 Appr Time Clock It 19115 rip Time RAIM Prd 38 51 245 W094 59473 scheduler Sunrise 11830 12430 11839 12430 rip Plan Dalt tas BD Nav dop 2a uel Plan Winds Sat i 3 5 6 9 131749 nay Plan Chklist sgl 3656 3 79 NAV Menu 1 Satellite status page The CDI map NAVCOM and position pages are the primary pages used during in flight navigation while the nav menu and status pages offer access to planning calculation and status functions Note that rotating the outer knob clockwise will continuously cycle through all the nav pages whereas turning the knob counterclock wise will stop the page selection sequence at the CDI page Whenever the IRE key pages are in use the indicator light next to the key will illuminate If the GNC 250XL requires you to enter data on a navigation page a message prompt with specific instructions will appear and the indicator will flash If you leave the NAV page sequence for another set of pages the last NAV page displayed will appear when you return to the nav sequence NAV KEV Overview SECTION 1 Remember The NAV pages will only displa
111. r replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor The customer is how ever responsible for any transportation costs This warranty does not cover failures due to abuse misuse accident or unauthorized alteration or repairs GARMIN International Inc assumes no responsibility for special incidental punitive or consequential damages or loss of use THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE PART ONE INTRODUCTION Forwood s ccsiiew ae ank acetate sted ded Pha Gan nae tance E dente Coed ead i INTRODUCTION AS exc pn an cen aiean dea ade nek Rabon Roti eae ome ii Table of Contents Accessories Packing List 0 00 iti Wara sos 2 thee Reh E twee eat ide Lhd ede eee thon akon iv TablesorCOMbents se rccspe cag stn nR a eet eee EEA EAE v vi Key and Knob Functions cs acccshe bau s sade wbaderne diri vii viti GNG 250XL Tak O tt TOU morirai doe est ti actenyes e tee a dee dea 1 10 PART TWO REFERENCE Section 1 Navigation with the GNC 250XL J key 11 avigating and planning functions Section 2 Communicating with the GNC 250XL 0 ee 33 E a E AA ae o quickly and easily locate information Using the
112. r the identifier of the reference waypoint 4 Press EA The bearing and distance of the closest point on the route will be displayed 5 Press to add the cpa waypoint to the route or to finish If you do add the cpa waypoint to the route it will be named based on the reference waypoint plus a number 0 9 added to the end e g KMCI3 for KMCI If the waypoint does not fall between waypoints on the route the reference waypoint does not exist or a unique name cannot be assigned to 68 the CPA waypoint you ll be informed with the Invald CPA wpt___ message Closest point of approach to TXK The GNC 250XIs search and rescue function provides navigation guidance for search and rescue operations navigating in a ladder pattern to maximize coverage and efficiency This is done in reference to two waypoints called anchor waypoints The first leg will be a specified distance from the line connecting the anchor waypoints This is called the offset distance The increment distance is the distance between each subsequent leg The ladder can be created on either side of the anchor waypoints To perform a search and rescue operation 1 Create a route of only two waypoints 2 Press and use to display the route catalog page 3 Use to select the 2 waypoint route 4 Press GE twice and use to display search Press EEA 5 Use and to enter the leg increment value and R or L Press Ea 6
113. racy from 1 to 10 The GNC 250XIs satellite status page provides satellite information to monitor GPS coverage and receiver performance This is helpful when you may be experienc ing low signal levels due to poor coverage or installation problems To view the satellite status page 1 Press R and rotate until the satellite status page appears EPE DOP EPE DOP j value Receiver Status Satellites in view Signal strength of Satellite in view satellite being tracked 1 9 but not receiving signal The top line of the status page displays the receiver status and the current posi tion accuracy in DOP or EPE The default setting is DOP The following functions may be displayed in the DOP EPE field e dop Dilution of Precision a measure of the satellite geometry quality and relative accuracy of your position with 1 indicating good geometry and 10 indicating poor e epe Estimated Position Error an overall measure of your positional accuracy in feet or meters using signal and data quality receiver tracking status and DOP To change the DOP EPE field 1 Press QM and rotate to display the satellite status page 2 If the desired field EPE or DOP is not displayed press Ep twice 3 Use to change between epe and dop Press QE to finish The receiver status field located at the top left of the page can display the fol lowing messages under various conditions Search Sky The GNC 250
114. ress IENA 3 Press and use to highlight the checklist you would like to create or edit Press Sua 4 Use and to enter the title of the checklist Press EEN This will display the checklist items page On this page you can enter each task such as Check Fuel 5 Use and to enter the checklist item Press EEN 6 You may repeat step 5 to enter additional items or press to finish NAV KEY SECTION NAV Menu 1 VNAV amp Checklists VNAV displayed on CDI page The VNAV altitude should be compared with the reading on the air craft altimeter to ensure you are on the proper climb descent profile select check list EMERGENCY Checklist catalog page 27 SECTION NAV KEY Checklists Approach Timer v THROTTLE CLOSED aMX_CTRL_IDL_CUTO Executing a checklist Scheduler eda NAV Menu 2 28 To execute a checklist 1 Press IR and rotate until NAV Menu 1 is displayed 2 Press twice and rotate until Chklist is highlighted Press EEN 3 Use to highlight the checklist you would like to see Press IENA 4 Press to check off list items To delete a checklist item or an entire checklist 1 To delete a checklist item highlight the desired item and press EMM followed by JE 2 To delete an entire checklist highlight the desired list and press ESM followed by ESM The GNC 250XLs NAV Menu 2 provides access to various timer and planning func ti
115. s changed on the map setup page described on page 76 SECTION NAV KEY 1 The map page showing only airports and air spaces on the map display The map page showing airports airspaces VORs and NDBs on the map display The data fields located at the corners of the map display may be removed by pressing E SECTION NAV KEY Map amp NAVCOM Pages The NAVCOM page lists the frequencies for your departure or nearest and arrival airports in the following order Departure e Unicom e ATIS Clearance Delivery Clearance Pretaxi e Ground e Tower e Multicom Other Departure e TCA TMA e CTA e ARSA TRSA Arrival e ATIS Approach e Arrival e TCA TMA e CTA e ARSA TRSA e Tower e Multicom Other Ground e Unicom Navigation data is also provided on the map page to guide you during your flight The destination waypoint name and desired track dtk appear on the left side of the page below the communication frequencies Additional data fields may be displayed at the corners of the map display or removed by pressing ER as follows Distance dis to waypoint upper left corner Ground speed gs upper right corner Ground track trk lower left corner Map scale lower right corner cannot be removed 11836 12436 KIXD uni 12255 gnd5124 36 Ltwr511836 The next page available from the GNC 250XIs key is the navigation com munications
116. settings e Navigation units e SUA settings Map datums T O Settings channel 2 only UNIT SETTINGS SECTION Messages amp Settings Submenus Prox alarm press NA To view a message press FE 2ise 11876 DI Settings scale Auto 5 To access the settings submenu pages press and hold the key for two seconds The GNC 250XL will return to the last submenu viewed the next time you access the unit settings 1D SECTION UNIT SETTINGS Map Page Setup orientation trk up auto zoom on Map Setup Page 2ise 11876 AP Setup orientation Marais auto zoom ond The map orientation may be set to north up track up or desired track up This determines what direction the top of the map display is oriented to 76 The GNC 250XIs map page is designed to be a flexible tool that can be custom tailored to your navigation needs The map setup page provides access to many of the features and functions that will help you configure the map page to your own preferences From the map setup page you can set the map orientation automatic zoom and specify which waypoints and airspace boundaries you wish to display The map orientation setting allows you to orient the top of the map display to your current ground track trk up fix the top of the map to north like a paper chart nrth up or set the top of the map along your desired track dtk up To change the map orientation 1 Press and hold
117. splayed in the distance field e dis Distance from present position to the active to waypoint e str Steer direction and distance or digital crosstrack error An T or R indicates which direction to steer while the distance value indi cates how far you are off course The following steering functions may be displayed in the direction field e brg Bearing the direction from your present position to the waypoint g 8 your p p yp cts Course to steer to reduce cross track error and re intercept course e dtk Desired track the course between the active from and to waypoints trk Track the direction of movement relative to the ground 8 trn Turn the direction and degrees to turn to get back on course The following information can be displayed in the time field e eta Estimated Time of Arrival at the active to waypoint e ete Estimated Time Enroute to the active to waypoint e trk Track or the direction of movement relative to the ground e vn Vertical Navigation or VNAV If VNAV has been activated this field indicates either the elapsed time before the VNAV maneuver is to begin or the VNAV altitude the suggested altitude you should be fly ing in order to complete the maneuver NAV KEY SECTION Configuring the 1 CDI Page WPT 2 NORTH WPT 1 SECTION NAV KEY Ree On the map page the active and standby commu nication frequencies are in the
118. st FSS ARTCC on The nearest key also accesses any active SUA information See Section 4 for more information on the nearest waypoints The route key enables you to create edit activate and invert routes Search and rescue parallel offset and closest point of approach functions are also performed using the route key See Section 5 for more route information The waypoint key is used to view information such as runways frequen cies position and comments on airports VORs NDBs intersections and user waypoints See Se ction 3 for more waypoint information The navigation key is used to view navigation and position information Planning operations are also performed using this key See Section 1 for more information on navigation and planning operations INTRODUCTION Key and Knob Functions The GNC 250XL is designed to minimize keystrokes when performing operations There are typically several ways to perform the same opera tion In general using the knobs will decrease key strokes and time spent using the GNC 250XL Experiment to find the most effective way to use the GNC 250XL to your advantage vil INTRODUCTION Key and Knob a Functions This manual will describe entering data using the and knobs Experiment with them and become efficient in entering data with the concentric knobs This will greatly reduce the amount of time required to navigate with the GNC 250XL viii
119. st is full The selected checklist is full No new items can track distance be added until existing items are deleted Battery low The optional remote battery pack is low on COM failed The comm in the GNC 250XL has failed Take power and limited operating time remains The the unit to an authorized GARMIN service cen battery should be recharged for continued ter immediately operation Comment memory full The waypoint comment memory is full You Battery rqrs service A problem has been detected in the optional must delete existing waypoint comments before remote battery pack The battery should be ser adding new ones viced at an authorized GARMIN service center Configuration reset The GNC 250XL has detected a failure in its installation configuration memory Data from MESSAGES amp APPENDIX the user memory has been used to reset the configuration Check the installation settings ABBREV ATIONS 1 for correctness If the message persists the unit is not usable and should be taken to an authorized service center for repair Data card failed The GNC 250XL has detected a problem with the data card The data is not usable and the card should be returned to Jeppesen or an authorized GARMIN service center Inside SUA You have entered a Special Use Airspace Data card write fail The user data card failed to program The Invald CPA wpt___ The closes
120. t Once a destination is selected the unit will TAKEOFF TOUR provide speed course and distance data based upon a direct course from your present n MONN i Direct To position to your destination A destination can be selected from any page with the eas direct to key Navigation To select a direct to destination 1 Press the key The CDI page will appear with the destination field highlighted 2 Rotate the knob to enter the first letter of the destination waypoint identifier The des tination waypoint may be an airport VOR NDB intersection or user waypoint as long as it is in the database or stored in memory as a user waypoint 3 Rotate the knob to the right to move the cursor to the next character position 4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 to spell out the rest of the waypoint identifier The Cor nave without a directo datnanon r 5 Press to confirm the identifier The direct to confirmation page will appear active route appears blank except for ground PI speed GS and track TRK figures 6 Press IE to confirm the destination speed G9 ck TRIO figure 1839 12436 90 to apt KOMA dis 14172 bra 341 90 to KOMA ete 1 17 a Once the direct to destination is confirmed the CDI page will appear with the auto crs 338 destination indicated in the lower left hand corner of the screen Your present speed and track over the ground and the distance and estimated time enroute to your desti When a destination is sele
121. t point of approach cannot be created card should be returned to an authorized from the waypoint entered on the CPA Page GARMIN service center This occurs when the computed point does not Degraded accuracy The GNC 250XL has detected poor satellite fall on one of the route legs or when a unique geometry while RAIM is not available waypoint name for the closest point of approach Additional cross checking with a secondary cannot be found navigation source should be performed to Invalid copy route A non empty route was selected for a copy verify the integrity of the GPS position operation A route must be empty before Do not use for nav The GNC 250XL is in the simulator mode another route can be copied to it and must not be used for actual navigation Invalid CPA route The selected route contains less than two EEPROM write fail The GNC 250XL has detected a failure while waypoints and cannot be used for CPA oper programming its installation configuration ations memory The unit is not usable and should Invalid SAR route The selected route does not contain exactly be taken to an authorized service center two waypoints and cannot be used for SAR Final altitude alert The suggested altitude is within 1000 feet of operations he final altitude entered on the VNAV Leg not smoothed The upcoming leg is too short for smooth Planning page waypoint transitions Expect a rapid change Fuel Air input fail The fuel and or air data input is not availa
122. ta is still being collected before a position can be determined F T Searching the Sky for satellites No satellite almanac data exists in the GNC 250XL It must be recollected from the first available satellite Satellite Data Page azm 618 sgl Viewing individual satellite information 22 The second and third lines of the satellite status page provide the satellite number and signal strength of each satellite in view The satellite status page shows signal strength for up to eight satellites at a time If additional satellites are being received an arrow on the sat line will indicate additional data is available To view additional satellites 1 Rotate to view more satellites Additional information regarding each satellites azimuth elevation and other data is also available To view individual satellite information 1 Press QW and use to display the satellite status page 2 Press twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 3 Use to highlight the satellite number you wish to view and press Ma This will display the satellite data page showing the selected satellite s number elevation angle rise or fall indication User Range Accuracy URA or the range measurement accuracy as determined by the satellite azimuth and signal strength To view other satellites 4 Rotate to view information for the next satellite 5 Rotate and press QD on the satellite status page whe
123. tem message 1 Press EES The message page will appear and display the status or warning information applicable to the receivers current operating condition he Sky to col ish almanac and satellite orbit information which can take 5 to lite status page will display a Search Sky status and the and the GNC 250XL will begin to collect satellite information An Acquiring status will be displayed on the satellite status page and the signal values on the bottom line of the page will begin displaying numeric values This is a good indication that you are receiving signals and satellite lock will occur Following the first time use of your GNC 250XL the time required for a position fix will vary usually from two to five gh satellites for 2D navigation no altitude the by your altitude encoder if one is connected and pted to enter the altitude with a Need alt Press rs press the key and use the and O on your altimeter Press when finished n operated for a period of six months or more it lect new data This means the unit is acquiring he REM key will also flash to alert you of a system To return to the previous page after viewing a message 1 Press EEJ again While the GNC 250XL is acquiring a position let s take a minute to dial in the active and standby frequencies you ll be using for the first phase of your flight The GNC 250X1s display can be broken down into two separate windows
124. ter a range and bearing from your current position To create or edit a user waypoint 1 Press RA 2 Press twice and use O to highlight the user field Press IRIA 3 Use and to enter the waypoint identifier Press BENA If the waypoint identifier entered does not exist you will be prompted to select a method to enter the new waypoints position into memory If the waypoint exists Le you re just reviewing or editing a user waypoint skip step 4 and move on to the next set of instructions 4 Select the desired waypoint entry method using and press EE You will automatically be placed on the latitude and longitude field if you selected enter posn the from field if you select ref wpt or the bearing field if you select mg brg from posn To enter edit the position of the user waypoint 1 Use and to enter the latitude You may select either north or south and enter a latitude up to but not including 90 2 Press aL 3 Use and to enter the longitude You may select either east or west and enter a longitude up to but not including 180 4 Press EL Once the latitude and longitude have been entered the cursor will move to the reference waypoint field where you may enter a reference waypoint to calculate a bearing and distance to the new waypoint position If you are not entering a reference waypoint 5 Press BG to advance the cursor to the ok prompt
125. the list accordingly Active route page with leg distance and estimated time enroute displayed 72 To delete a waypoint from the active route 1 Press twice if necessary to activate the cursor 2 Use to highlight the waypoint you would like to delete from the active route 3 Press IGM followed by GH The next route waypoint if available will move up to take the position of the deleted waypoint The active route page also allows you to select your next destination waypoint manually from the active route waypoint list and resume the remainder of the route in sequence This procedure referred to as an on route direct to allows the pilot to fly directly to any waypoint in the active route without editing the active route itself To perform an on route direct to from the active route page 1 Press wice and rotate C to highlight the desired waypoint 2 Press A followed by J to confirm the ok prompt on the waypoint confirmation page The GNC 250XL will now provide guidance to the selected waypoint and resume navigating the remainder of the route in sequence once you arrive at the next destina tion waypoint The waypoint sequencing field located at the bottom left of the direct to confirmation page allows you to select manual or automatic waypoint sequencing of route waypoints Setting the selector to the hold setting holds your current active to waypoint as your navigation reference and prev
126. the key 56 Because the GNC 25 aa Locked waypoints here may be instances when waypoint information is not available for use Locked waypoints exist when a waypoint contained in a route used as a proximity waypoint or with a comment is not contained on the NavData card or no card is inserted in he unit If this condition exists you ll be alerted with a Proximity wpt locked Route wpt locked or Wpt comment locked message when the unit is powered up The identifier of a locked waypoint will be replaced with a lockd message which indicates you cannot obtain waypoint information or navigate to the waypoint The identifier of a locked waypoint may be displayed by highlighting lockd and pressing OXL relies on a NavData card for most waypoint information may be deleted from routes the proximity waypoints list or waypoints with comments page by following the instructions in the appropriate section of this manual The waypoint scanning feature provides a fast way to scan through airports VORs NDBs and intersections in the database by identifier facility name or city Waypoint scanning may be used from any blank identifier field in the GPS window To enter a waypoint by scanning the identifier facility name or city 1 With the curso highlight the field with the cursor and press r over a blank identifier field press ag If the identifier field is not blank b
127. to confirmation page and works like selecting your desired course on a VOR indicator Waypoint Position Facility Name or City Region selectable Waypoint Identifier Field Waypoint Sequencing Field Course Select Field To manually set a course 1 Press the key The direct to confirmation page will appear 2 Rotate to place the cursor on the course select field 3 Use to begin entry of the selected course the and knobs may be used once you have started editing the course select field 4 Press ERM to accept the course and ERM again to acknowledge the ok prompt The GNC 250XL will now use the selected course for your CDI and DTK steering guidance To reset the course to a GPS calculated course from your present position simply press ERM followed by EA The GNC 250XL lets you create up to 20 routes numbered 0 through 19 with up to 31 waypoints each Routes are created copied and edited through the key which features two route pages selectable from the GNC 250XIs outer knob the active route page and the route catalog page The active route page provides infor mation and editing functions for route 0 which always serves as the route you are currently navigating The route catalog page serves as the main page for creating edit ing activating deleting and copying all routes Routes 1 19 are used as storage routes which are stored in the GNC 250X 5 inter nal memory Once a storage route is
128. ugh 6 to add the next waypoint or press Q to finish To delete a waypoint 1 Rotate to highlight the waypoint you wish to delete 2 Press EE to remove the name then press ig to delete 3 Repeat steps 1 and 2 to delete additional waypoints or press Q to finish To delete an entire route 1 Use to display the route number you would like to delete route 0 for the active route 2 Press GE twice and use O to highlight the action field 3 Use to select delete Press MJ to delete Once a route is defined through the route catalog page it may be activated from the route catalog page Activating or reversing a ro route 0 and overwrites the existing active route ute places the selected route into To activate a route 1 Press Bg and use to display the route catalog page 2 Rotate to display the route you would like to activate 3 Press twice and use to display activate Press IEA After travelling a route or creating a route with the GNC 250XIs AutoStore feature the route activation field may be used to activate the route in reverse order To activate a route in reverse order 1 Press Bg and use to display the route catalog page 2 Use to display the route number you would like to reverse 3 Press GE twice and use to display reverse Press EEA ROUTES SECTION Deleting amp Activating Routes 18750 12156 te 0 AGEA TOP KCOS 42513A Parallel trk L G
129. waypoint To edit rename or delete waypoints the cur sor must highlight the desired waypoint To highlight a waypoint 1 Press QD twice and use to highlight the desired waypoint To edit a highlighted waypoint s position 1 Press E to obtain the waypoint position page Edit the waypoint position as described on page 49 Note The active to waypoint cannot be edited To delete a waypoint from the list 1 Highlight the desired waypoint and press GML Press GM to confirm the deletion To rename a waypoint from the list 1 Highlight the desired waypoint Use and to enter a new identifier for the waypoint 2 Press ia on the confirmation page to change the name or press SM to cancel WPT KEY SECTION User Waypoint User waypoint list showing the current active to waypoint and a proximity waypoint 2280 11830 Rename waypoint old name RUSHM new name RSHMR Renaming a user waypoint 53 Waypoint Comments Entering waypoint comments 1836 12536 pts with comments KIXD_ KLAX KSUSM OTTER RUCKR Waypoints with comments page 54 The last page available through the GNC 250XLs key is the waypoints with comments page which lists all waypoints that have a user comment User com ments may be added to 250 waypoints stored in the user or NavData database and allow you to note two lines of special information concerning a particular waypoint To enter us
130. y pressing the key The cursor will return to the active GPS field at the point 12295 where data entry was interrupted clr 12190 ter 11876 The GNC 250X1s auto tune feature allows you to quickly select any database frequency in the GPS window as your standby frequency To auto t ingle fi displayed in the GPS window To select a frequency from a list highlight the o auto tune a single frequency display W desired frequency and press E 1 Press ESM with the cursor inactive 2 To make the standby frequency the active frequency press BE 34 I To auto tune a frequency from a list displayed in the GPS window 1 Press GED twice to activate the cursor in the GPS window 2 Rotate to highlight the desired frequency 3 Press to make the selected frequency the standby frequency Another useful feature integrating the GNC 250XIs navigation and communication capabilities is the Navigation Communications NAVCOM page which is accessed using the MJ key See pages 16 17 for more on the NAVCOM page The GNC 250XIs automatic squelch and volume controls are located at the bottom left of the unit near the NavData card slot To adjust the radio volume 1 Rotate the wW knob Whenever the GNC 250XL is powered up the automatic squelch will be in the on position allowing only transmissions which are powerful enough for clear broad cast to be received Manual squelch control is not available To override the automatic squelch co
131. y information AFTER the position and navigational information has been calculated from the satellites If you are o page before the unit has calculated a posi n the Position ion you will be able to enter an approximate position and altitude This is helpful in speeding satellite acquisition if the unit has moved a great distance with the power off If you are not sure the GPS is actively cal culating position check the receiver status field for 2D NAV or 3D NAV by pressing the key and rotating the outer knob until the Satellite Status page appears The curren displayed at the top left of the page receiver status is g CDI Page 3216 12016 dis Hasor trk 340 90 to KOMA ete__ _ The TO FROM arrow indicates whether you are heading to an up arrow the waypoint or if you ve passed the waypoint a down arrow 1836 12436 o acty wpt gs 110 The CDI page will display No actv wpt in the CDI field if there is no destination waypoint selected using the key and no active route The GNC 250XIs CDI page provides you with the important information needed to navigate directly to your destination The destination field located at the bottom left of the page displays the current destination waypoint or active route leg being navigated If no direct to destination or route is being navigated the destination field will remain blank Ground Speed Messages PIN 118360 12436 Q

Garmin G N C 2 5 0 X L GPS Receiver User Manual

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