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Addtron Technology WebNet Network Card User Manual

1. editing it and uploading it again See section for more information on the built in editor If you are more in doubt about what went wrong you may want to try the WebScript debugger described in section 6 5 You will have to copy paste the code into the debugger 32 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING and once you submit it you will see the output in one window and the stack contents in another window Often errors in WebScript programs relate to errors in the order of elements on the stack so this stack dump can be a great help WebNet User s Guide 33 1 0 CONSULTING 8 WebNet as an RS232 Gateway A very useful application of the WebNet is as a gateway between an ethernet network and an RS232 equipped device Many existing devices are presently controlled via an RS232 connection and by applying a WebNet to such a device it becomes Internet enabled The user can then e g read status information on a web page and control the equipment by activating web forms The intelligence of the controlling system can be placed either on the WebNet module or on the PC pro s and con s of each are described in section below First we describe a quick way to establish a hole through the RS232 ethernet gateway to see that it works 8 1 Loopback example We wish to establish a connection from the PC to the WebNet through the serial line and a connection back from the WebNet to the PC th
2. or SP1 The PIC entry is only useful on WebRJS boards equipped with a PIC controller The SPO and SP1 entries are the two serial ports On the WebNet Start Kit the accessible RS 232 port is SPO so that is the only valid selection besides none Local IP address is the address of the WebNet module and Remote IP address is the address of the TCP IP node in the other end of the serial connection Note that the local IP address is not the same as the IP address described above When PPP is used the WebNet becomes multi homed that is it has two TCP IP interfaces The ethernet interface and the serial interface The two interfaces must have different IP addresses The local PPP address should be reachable from the equipment in the other end of the serial connection PAP username and PAP password are for authentication with the remote node and should be set up in correspondence with the settings on the remote node When the desired changes have been entered the Save button is pressed and the user is given the possibility to reboot A reboot is necessary for the changes to take effect The Revert button clears the form and re inserts the values of the present configuration 4 3 Software Installation System Maintenance This is the page for transfer of an maintenance file from a web browser to the device Enter the name of the maintenance file and press the Continue button to transfer th
3. 0 CONSULTING HTTP Path Host ccess secup gt Delete Update Username Password faamin A Delete Poo OoOO Create HTTP Path Host Access Poo Poo Create Figure 7 Setup of access rights for web users dir or 1s list files in current working directory on the server Idir list files in current working directory locally on the client cd dirname change directory cd to go backwards on the server lcd change directory 1cd to go backwards locally dirname on the client put file upload a file to the server name get file download a file from the server name bin set transfer mode to binary 8 bit transfer ascii set transfer mode to ascii 7 bit transfer exit Quit ftp session Figure 8 A list of the most useful ftp commands WebNet User s Guide 17 1 0 CONSULTING A list of the most useful ftp commands is provided in Figure 8 Doing an Is after connecting with FTP will show a number of files and directories The most important are shown in Figure 9 WebNet The operating system itself autoexec Configuration file describing which scripts to run at startup cgi bin Root directory of dynamic webpages WebScript scripts etc Directory for configuration files webpages Root directory for static webpages html pages Figure 9 A list of the most important directories on the WebNet 4 1 3
4. 01 0d 1 Open a command line interpreter DOS prompt 2 Make a static entry in the arp table by entering the command arp s 192 168 4 10 00 d0 c8 00 01 0d 3 Ping the WebNet board ping 192 168 4 10 The ping command should result in 4 successive positive answers each starting with Reply from 192 168 4 10 If something has gone wrong the answers start with Request timed out If the pings responded successfully the IP address is now assigned Otherwise check the following list of possible sources of error WebNet User s Guide 13 1 0 CONSULTING Are the WebNet and the PC on the same network segment e Is the connected hub switch or network adapter capable of running 10Mbit Did you type the correct MAC IP addresses in the arp command Check it with arp a lists all arp entries e Is the unit properly connected check the link indicator LED on the hub switch or network adapter that the board is connected to Did you wait approx 10 seconds after power on before issuing the ping The auto IP is typically the way to assign an IP address the first time Setting the IP address permanently is explained in section The IP configuration is detailed in appendix B 3 4 Browsing the WebNet The web server contained in the WebNet module is always active Thus you can browse its contents as soon as you have assigned the module its IP address Simply type the IP address of the WebNet in the location field wh
5. 8 The component side of the WebRISDCE board 0 0 2 2 0 10 a The WebNet module is being inserted into the WebRIS module 1 5__ The WebNet module inserted into the WebRJS module 11 6 The WebNet home page ooo a a a a 15 E EEE E Ee 17 A e ieia ie hk GR a an S 17 9 A list of the most important directories on the WebNet 18 10 Setup of access rights for the FTP users 18 11 The configuration page for network settings ooo a 20 12 The System Maintenance Page for Software installation 21 13 Setup page for the Device Sharing Service 22 14 Configuration box for the serial lines 23 15 The File System Status Page e e o 24 16 The Socket Status Page o ee 25 17 The Test and Service Page e ee 26 18 The Real Time Clock Setup Page o o e e 28 19 The PIC Update Page e 29 20 The WebScript Debugger Tool Page o o e 30 21 Example script displaying the TCP IP configuration 32 22 Principle of the loopback example o e 0222005 34 23 Example of a WebNet architecture e e so 37 6 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING 1 Introduction 1 1 What is the WebNet The WebNet is a small electronic device capable of serving as a gateway between another electronic devi
6. DNS see 6 Hostname is the DNS name of the WebNet When the WebNet has been named be sure the name is inserted in the DNS server the network administrator s job Timeserver is the IP address of a server that runs a time service for setting of the clock in the WebNet SMTP server is the IP address of a server running mail server SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol see e g 4 for more information software for forwarding mails from the WebNet to the proper recipient The PPP Protocol settings should be set if TCP IP communication is done over a serial device e g a modem connected to the RS 232 port WebNet User s Guide 19 1 0 CONSULTING Automatic IP configuration Click here to hide advanced settings Ethernet 00 d0 c3 00 01 bc DHCP inactive F Click to enable RARP inactive T Click to enable AutolP inactive EEIE T Click to enable IP Address 192 168 219 192 168 219 168 2 19 Subnet mask 255 255 255 qf 7 Default Gateway 0000 Domain AE Nameserver A Hostname 100001bc _ Timeserver 0 0 0 0 SMTPserver EA Serial Device sno J Local IP Address 0 0 0 0 o Remote IP Address 0 0 0 0 PAP Username II PAP Password o 7 Revert Save Figure 11 The configuration page for network settings 20 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING The Serial device is chosen from one of none PIC SPO
7. TP port 1010 Conversely data sent to port 1010 of the WebNet are routed to the RS232 interface 8 2 Application on the WebNet or on the PC The system s intelligence can be implemented either on the WebNet or on the PC connected to it When the intelligence of the system is placed on the WebNet some WebScript code runs and interacts with the device continuously The user can at any time connect to the WebNet thus asking this code to generate a web page telling the device s status This may be useful whenever continuous interacting with the device is desirable e g if data logging is needed without a client being connected When the intelligence of the system is placed on the PC a Java applet 7 is put on the WebNet which is then automatically uploaded to the browser upon connection The Java applet can connect directly to the RS232 device and implement all protocol handling data processing and presentation The user can view the status of the device and control it according to the capabilities of the protocol The PC can also run some dedicated application that communicates with the WebNet and interprets and presents the data from the device 8 3 Application on the PC The advantage of having the application run on the PC as a Java applet is that more complex things can be done with a fairly small amount of code on the WebNet For instance graphical representations of data are easily coded in Java Even though the Java applet is
8. from a terminal program A mapping is set up where a serial device is associated with a TCP IP port Thus you can connect via a terminal emulator or telnet applica tion via device sharing to a serial device send data to it from the keyboard and read the responses Serial Port none Bj Server TCP port foo Idle timeout gt Aute connect lr Revert Save Figure 13 Setup page for the Device Sharing service Figure 13 shows the setup parameters for device sharing The serial devices can be the PIC controller if that exists or one of the serial ports SPO or SP1 The server TCP port is the port on the WebNet that a TCP IP host should connect to in order to reach the selected serial port An idle timeout can be defined where 0 means no timeout 4 5 Serial Lines The WebNet board contains 2 serial lines but only one is physically available at the WebRJS board the primary serial line On the page Configuring serial devices the only valid choice is thus sp0 Primary Serial Line The configuration page for each serial line looks like in Figure 14 In the first input box the baud rate bits per second is chosen between 300 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 and 115200 bits per sec In the next box the mode is selected how many bits parity on off and the number of stop bits The choices are a number of combinations like 8N1 where the 8 is the number 22 We
9. kept small its functionality can be complex because it links with objects from the PC s class library at runtime An applet is excecuted inside an HTML page The browser fetches the HTML page from the server and the HTML page contains a reference to the applet The browser then fetches the applet from the server and runs it sending its output to a specific part of the browser screen WebNet User s Guide 35 1 0 CONSULTING As described in section 8 1 above Device Sharing can be used to route TCP traffic to from a WebNet serial port Thus via a TCP connection from the applet to the WebNet the applet can reach the serial ports of the WebNet and hence communicate with an attached device For instance in a temperature surveillance system the WebNet is connected to a temperature sensor via the serial port The sensor outputs temperature data every 10 secs to the serial port from which it is routed on to the ethernet interface Here an applet is listening for data and plots a point in a graph for each value received 8 4 Application distributed on the WebNet and the PC Often it is necessary to split the application so that some of the code runs on the WebNet and some on the PC Consider the above mentioned temperature surveillance system but where the PC only connects once in a while and wants to see the actual temperature plus a temperature curve for the last few hours Then the WebNet has to keep a history of
10. you want to assign to your WebNet is always given in dotted numeric format e g 192 168 26 35 This is only a local IP assigment you must remember to configure the WebNet network settings page accordingly The temp parameter for non Windows is used to assign non permanent ARP entries and is recommended You should replace the 00 s with the the actual MAC addresse of your WebNet e g 00 D0 C8 00 1x xx The MAC address is used as the serial number of the WebNet The if addr which is the IP address of your PC is also given in dotted numeric format e g 192 168 26 7 This parameter is only required in old versions of Windows Use the command arp a to verify that your ARP entry is properly set To avoid system mis configuration delete the added ARP entry after the initial WebNet configuration If the WebNet unit is properly configured with an IP address all ARP tables on the network will now be automatically updated B 3 AutoIP Feature To manually assign WebNet with an IP address using AutoIP perform the following Do a secure reboot to enable AutolIP This step may not be required if factory defaults are active on a new unit See the section above for details Use the arp command to add an entry for your unit and verify the entry using arp a See the section above for details Use the ping command to send IP packets to your WebNet When you receive ping replies the unit has accep
11. S adapter board e An AC adapter 240V 50Hz An ethernet UTP Cat 5 interface cable 2 m e An RS 232 DB9BU interface cable 1 8 m e WebNet User s Guide 2 2 The WebNet DIMM Module The front side of the WebNet module is the one with the IC with the white label on it On Figure 2 the numbers indicate sr tee DA 04104410 49 0 de sel emma ta o bal E Figure 2 The WebNet DIMM module 1 The ethernet status LED s 2 Battery clip for real time clock backup battery from WebNet rev 4 WebNet User s Guide 9 1 0 CONSULTING 3 4 Label with ethernet MAC address hardware address Connector The status LED s on the board indicate Green Server activity level heartbeat Red Internet activity input output via the network Yellow Network activity general activity on the attached ethernet 2 3 The WebRJS Adapter Board The WebRJS adapter board has a component side and a side with the connector for the WebNet DIMM module The component side is shown on Figure 3 and the numbers indicate the following 1 Ze 3 RS 232 socket DB9 female Reset button Ethernet status LED s replicated Ethernet RJ45 socket Power socket 6 5 7 5V DC Debug button Figure 3 The component side of the WebRJS DCE board 10 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING 2 4 Connecting the boards The WebNet DIMM module is inserted into th
12. Setup of FTP users Username Password Root directory admin fensa F Access bits W Get M Put M Delete M Mkadir M Rmdir Update Username Password Root directory demo rere F Access bits W Get L Put C Delete F Mkdir C Emdir Update Figure 10 Setup of access rights for the FTP users The privileges of the two FTP users admin and anonymous can be set up on the Configure FTP Access page For each user there is a Password field and a Root directory field The password field is self explanatory and the root directory field contains a path to the directory that the user sees when he logs in via FTP The user cannot cd backwards towards the root from this directory 18 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING Each user is also assigned a number of privileges Get is the ability to read files from the WebNet download Put is the ability to write files upload Delete is the ability to delete files from the WebNet Mkdir is the ability to create new directories on the WebNet and Rmdir is the ability to remove directories on the WebNet In Figure 10 the default settings are shown 4 2 Network Settings The configuration form for the Network settings initially contains only a small number of entries but can be expanded to show all possible network settings The example in Figure I shows the full form which is accessed by pressing the link Click here to sh
13. WebNet User s Guide I O Consulting A S Preliminary Version 6 April 2001 O 1 0 CONSULTING WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING Contents 7 1 1 What is the WebNet e 7 1 2 The WebNet Start kit 2 2 2 20 e 7 1 3 About this Mamual 200 2 ee 8 2 Unpacking 9 Dy Beret es as eet de ae ee ee ee ge 9 2 2 The WebNet DIMM Module 2 2 20200 20 00 5 9 2 3 The WebRJS Adapter Board 0 0 0 00 a 10 ek Qa Fo oe eG ee ee ee ee Ae ad 11 12 3 1 Connecting to the Network o 02000002 eee eee 12 3 1 1 Connecting toahub a 12 3 1 2 Connecting to a network switch 2 2 2 2 00000 000 12 oh tee ee ee a a ces a 12 foie Oe cee SE he e Ee ee Ee ee ee Ae A 13 any BR are Bk gl ew a le ee Re a 13 3 3 1 Auto IP the details o o e e 13 oe ch iad Ge us Se RR E 13 3 4 Browsing the WebNet 2 0 e ee ee 14 16 4 1 Access Control 2 2 2 aa 16 oes eee oe ee ee pene ee Ss ee ee ed 16 4 1 2 FTP to the WebNet 2 6 s iimg gna eiei g ee ee 16 ge veh fo Te gael pred Bie Ao ee eh Pe i 18 bugs Poco teeth a ie ag ne se te Phe eee a I a 19 wove wd Geb eek woth ae ie ae bk Ble kee eck ak Ae ai 21 AA Remote Access ca fs ek RE ee ee ce cee de ee eel ek eg 22 db Serial eS cis hark ee ik AE ae a poe ee Rk ee ed Ae ag 22 WebNet User s Guide VO CONSULTING 24 5 1 Console output oaoa ee 24 el ete ha Ee e
14. access to the web page hierarchy Other users perhaps with limited privileges can be added by means of the two links on the bottom of the access control page 4 1 1 Setup of web users Web access to certain file trees can be limited to certain hosts and be guarded by user name password protection For each file tree the root directory name is entered and possibly a host name for any host A number of users can then be created with asso ciated passwords One of these username password pairs has to be entered to access a page in the given file tree 4 1 2 FTP to the WebNet FTP File Transfer Protocol is used to read and write files from to the WebNet for instance to upload scripts and web pages You need an FTP client on the PC and Windows 95 98 NT has a command line FTP client built in Alternatively lots of freeware FTP clients exist with more user friendly file manager like interfaces Most new internet browsers support FTP The address URL is here of the form ftp admin admin 192 168 4 10 Netscape is able to upload files using the File menu Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 0 and newer allows copy and paste between your local Windows machine and the WebNet Connecting to the WebNet can be done by opening a DOS prompt and issuing the command ftp 192 168 4 10 You are then prompted for a username and a password and you can use admin admin to gain full access 16 WebNet User s Guide 1
15. all responsiveness of the system can be verified with the LED s test e Seemingly inexplicable behavior can be caused by defective RAM The two RAM tests RAM test 1 and RAM test 2 cover different aspects of RAM test 5 5 2 Firmware Upload A complete firmware replacement can be done by uploading a flash disk image file to the WebNet As the existing flashdisk contents are deleted and then replaced all settings must be restored afterwards Upload is done via a minimal implementation of FTP u FTP that resides in a separate sector of the WebNet Flash not on the flashdisk itself To enable this type of FTP the WebNet must be booted with the y FTP button on the Test and service page After approx 7 seconds the WebNet is ready to receive a new flash image Assuming the flash image is in a file called webnet bin on a floppy in drive A on the PC the steps are as follows 1 Open a DOS prompt and start the FTP client ftp 192 168 4 10 NOTE Only text based FTP clients works with y FTP i e not through browser 2 Set the ftp client to binary transfer with the command bin 3 Delete the existing flash image with the command del flash this command takes a while to return 4 Transfer the new image with the command put A webnet bin the destination file is implicitly the flash file The transfer may take up to a few minutes dependent on the network quality 5 p FTP may reboot the WebNet from the new fl
16. ashdisk with the command quote BOOT 6 Once the WebNet has started close the FTP client using the command bye The Auto IP feature now detects the IP address through the Auto IP feature As men tioned all settings should now be restored WebNet User s Guide 25 1 0 CONSULTING 6 Tools The Tools section contains a number of useful tools and utilities for making more advanced configuration changes to the WebNet 6 1 Adjust Real Time Clock The real time clock can be adjusted to be in synch with the PC connecting to it or to a manually entered time date see Figure Notice that only WebNet boards with a battery inserted in the battery clip can keep the correct time date settings between reboots from WebNet rev 4 Adjust Real Time Clock Use this page to adjust the Real Time Clock Note that hardware not equiped with a battery backed up Real Time Clock time and date must be adjusted at each reboot Current WebNet Time Date 2000 12 14 Time 10 59 48 New Weblet Time Synchronize with computer time Date 2000 12 14 Time 10 53 15 Set manually Date 2000 12 14 yyyy mm dd Time 10 59 30 hh mm ss Figure 18 The Real Time Clock Setup Page After choosing to synchronize or after having set the date and time fields manually the Adjust button is pushed to make the changes effective 6 2 Edit File A simple editor is provided to make it possible to edit a file locally on th
17. bNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING Baud rate 3600 Serial mode BN1 Flow control hardware Figure 14 Configuration box for the serial lines of bits the N is no parity alternatively O for Odd or E for Even parity and the 1 is the number of stop bits The last box determines the type of flow control none hardware RS 485 or Xon Xoff WebNet User s Guide 23 1 0 CONSULTING 5 Monitoring and Statistics The WebNet contains a number of useful monitoring and statistics tools These are accessed from the WebNet home page under the headline Monitoring and Statistics The sections below each correspond to a link in that section of the home page 5 1 Console output The console is where the WebNet outputs status and debugging information As the WebNet does not have a physical output device the console can be reached in one of two ways Either with a terminal or terminal emulator connected to the RS 232 port of the WebNet or with a TCP connection to port 911 On the console output page you will find a Java applet that connects to this port and displays its output Only one connection can be made to this port so only one person can watch the debug output at the same time 5 2 File System Information The status of the file system can be checked with the link File System Information see Figure 15 It tells the names and open mode of any open
18. can configure your WebNet properly it must be assigned a valid IP address This is done automatically if a DHCP BOOTP or RARP server is present in your network or manually with the ARP command using the WebNet AutoIP feature Most products will only have AutoIP enabled by default other features must be enabled by configuration An IP address is a unique address for a host in a TCP IP network For manual configuration including AutoIP it is therefore important for you to have a valid IP address at hand not used by anyone else on the network When WebNet is powered on it will immediately try to obtain an IP address from a DHCP BOOTP or RARP server if any of these services are enabled Automatically assigned network parameters can be verified on the WebNet network settings page B 1 Secure Restart Most WebNet products have a button or a jumper which can be used to perform a secure restart which enables factory default settings during reboot Factory default settings have the AutoIP feature enabled and you can then get access to a WebNet with unknown network settings Secure restart is performed by 1 pressing the control button or jumper about ten seconds until the WebNet LEDs switches off The LEDs may still flicker but this just indicates normal activity 2 then release the button The LEDs will flicking heavily indicating that a secure restart is in progress A new button click during this period cancels the secure res
19. ce and an ethernet network for instance an intranet or the Internet The WebNet can connect to other electronic devices via e g its RS 232 interface The user interface of the WebNet consists of a number of web pages contained in the device and presented by its built in web server A standard web browser is used to view and browse these pages Once connected to the user s RS 232 device further user interface web pages can easily be developed by means of the built in WebScript programming language Thus within short time the user s device can be configured and monitored with a standard web browser as the only necessary application 1 2 The WebNet Start kit The WebNet itself is a sub credit card sized DIMM module which makes it suitable as an add on module for another device For the benefit of this module two different start kits a WebRJS DCE and a WebRJS PIC adapter board is supplied The start kits makes it possible to connect power ethernet and RS 232 via standard sockets The WebRJS DCE and the WebRJS PIC boards can thus be considered motherboards for the WebNet with the specialized purpose of providing RS 232 connectivity Figure 1 shows the WebRJS module with the WebNet module inserted The WebRJS PIC adapter board contains an additional microcontroller PIC16F876 The microcontroller opens possible connections to a wide range of different hardware interface types All I O ports of the microcontr
20. e connector on the WebRJS board at an angle of approx 20 degrees It is pushed gently into the socket and when the connector on the WebNet module cannot be seen anymore the module is pushed towards the WebRJS board until it clicks The modules are now connected Figure 4 show the connector side of the WebRJS board with the WebNet module being inserted Figure 5 show the WebRJS board with the WebNet module properly inserted Figure 4 The WebNet module is being inserted into the WebRJS module EDERAL EC lee Figure 5 The WebNet module inserted into the WebRJS module WebNet User s Guide 11 1 0 CONSULTING 3 Installation 3 1 Connecting to the Network Besides the WebNet Start Kit you need a computer with TCP IP and a web browser installed on it The computer must be equipped with a network adapter You can either connect the WebNet Start Kit directly to the network adapter on the computer or you can connect it to a network hub or switch on the local area network 3 1 1 Connecting to a hub When connecting to a hub to which the computer is attached the straight network cable supplied with the Start Kit is used Make sure that the hub is capable of running 10Mbps Old hubs only run 10Mbps and many new dual speed hubs automatically detects the speed and run either 10 or 100Mbps or is able to switch packets between devices of different speeds but some new hubs only run 100Mbps The only solution in the latte
21. e file Browse Continue The transfer may take minutes depending on the file size and network speed Figure 12 The System Maintenance Page for Software installation Software updates installation on the WebNet module is done by transferring special archive files to the WebNet This is done from the Install software page see Figure The archive file which may be located on the computer that the WebNet is browsed from or on a floppy disk in its floppy drive is located with the Browse button Pressing Continue afterwards transfers the file to the WebNet module The transfer can take minutes depending on the size of the archive file and the network speed Archive files can be found on I O Consulting s WebNet home page 3 WebNet User s Guide 21 1 0 CONSULTING http webnet iocon dk Choose the download section and then the Firmware and standard applications link Here a number of zip files exist each containing a number of applications to try out Unzip the files with e g WinZip and read any read me or readme txt files within the archives for installation instructions WinZip can be obtained from http www winzip com Once the standard application is installed on the WebNet it is accessed through a new link on the Installed demonstration software page 4 4 Remote Access Device sharing is used e g when access to a serial resource is needed via the ethernet inter face
22. e server without having to download it to a PC edit it and upload it again The filename is entered into the first textbox the load key is pressed and the file appears in the editor After editing save is pressed and the file is saved again The size of the editor can be changed by means 28 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING of the resize key and the X and Y fields and the original contents of the file can be restored by means of the Revert key NOTE Be carefull when updating critical files on the WebNet Access to the editor is password protected setup by the page that is described in section 4 1 6 3 Interface Controller Update This function only applies to WebNet on PIC enabled boards The software for the PIC processor can be transferred to the PIC by means of the form shown in Figure MicroChip PIC16 Series Programmer Upload Browse Figure 19 The PIC Update Page The program file must be of the Intel hex format the same format as created by the Microchip assembler mpasm exe The hex file which may be located on the computer that the WebNet is browsed from or on a floppy disk in its floppy drive is located with the Browse button and is then uploaded to the WebPIC s PIC controller with the Upload button The hex file is now being uploaded and parsed by the PIC programming software The actual PIC type is detected and two new buttons appears To compare the content of h
23. ee SRG Se E 24 5 3 Network Quality 2 2 0 00 2 e 25 5A socket Status sos si gee i cacra Ke AA ee E 25 5 5 Test and Service e 26 5 5 1 Hardware Tests ee 26 5 5 2 Firmware Upload e 27 6 _ Tools 28 6 1 Adjust Real Time Clock o 000000 2 eee eee 28 Hedy ae Shahi nh ty Ey he aan TES eo a eh ge ily ee ae S 28 oS Eee Sie a ARS we AS ee aR 29 6 4 Scheduled Script Control 2 2 2 o e 29 6 5 WebScript Debugging Tool 0 2 0 0 e 29 31 Tal What are Scripts FOr ia oe goa aoe ee e ee ee ee ee a ee ee a h 31 beck See oe en SOS ee ese ee eo ae ee i 31 13 Example SCTIP 6 a ha se eed eh ee e ee a a ee a ee 31 LA Running the Script i ace hack eck ek Role a ee ee a ee ee a 32 geodon te BP ee Geet ene ae ra a ee ees Shee eee ee A 32 8 WebNet as an RS232 Gateway 34 par aa A a A A S 34 8 2 Application on the WebNet or on the PC 35 8 3 Application on thePC e 0002 ee ee ee 35 8 4 Application distributed on the WebNet and the PC 36 8 5 Architecture Considerations e 36 38 39 se co Ade Bate a dak beh id See Bat ea ee E 39 aN WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING B 2 Your ARP table B 3_AutolP Feature WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING List of Figures 1 The WebRJS module with the WebNet module inserted T 2 The WebNet DIMM module a 9
24. ent describes how to do it using the ARP command For more information consult section l in the WebNet System Manual Assume your PC is assigned an IP address on the 192 168 26 x subnet and your WebNets MAC address is 00 D0 C8 00 1A BC printed on a white sticker on the WebNet module To assign IP address 192 168 26 7 to the WebNet do the following 1 Connect the WebNet to your Ethernet and apply power 2 Type arp s 192 168 26 7 00 DO C8 00 1A BC in a command prompt on your PC See section 1 2 2 in the WebNet System Manual 3 Type ping 192 168 26 7 and when the WebNet responds to the ping command it has been assigned the IP address 4 Type arp d 192 168 26 7 to remove the static entry from the PCs arp table The WebNet is assigned a valid IP address and ready for use 5 Use a standard web browser to open the network page http 192 168 26 7 To explore all the included features use admin as user and admin as password when you access secure files Note If your browser does not find your WebNet make sure its configured to use your LAN not a Modem If you connect through a proxy server e g win proxy you must disable use of proxy in your browser settings To get hardware and software documentation for the WebNet module and WebPIC or WebRJS i f boards please visit our website at http webnet iocon dk Service 38 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING B WebxNet IP configuration Before you
25. ere you normally type URL s manually of your browser and press enter If you are on a network with a proxy web server a typical company LAN you may ex perience that the browser hangs when trying to connect to the WebNet You probably have to adjust your proxy exceptions so as not to redirect your WebNet traffic to the proxy server In Internet Explorer proxy exception settings are found in Options gt Internet settings gt Connections gt LAN Settings gt Proxy Server Advanced gt Exceptions In Netscape they are found at Edit gt Preferences gt Advanced gt Proxies gt View gt Exceptions In the list of exceptions add the IP address of the WebNet module When all is set up right the home page of the WebNet appears Now would be a good time to read the first 5 bullets on the page which contain lots of useful information about the WebNet Its background its HW and SW architecture and descriptions of lots of features among many other things 14 WebNet User s Guide O 1 0 CONSULTING WebNet The Internet Connection Enable access to your device via the Internet Get the fastest time to market of Internet enabled products Use your existing hardware and software No Internet programming required Update your firmware remotly for inexpensive service System Configuration o Access control o Change network settings o Install software o Installed demonstration soft
26. ex file with the program which is already programmed into the PIC press the Compare button To program the the content of the hex file into the PIC press the Program button More information on the WebPIC and programming the PIC can be found in 6 4 Scheduled Script Control The Scheduled Script Control page shows a number of scripts that are triggered by certain events This can be considered an advanced parameter and should not be adjusted unless working with scheduled or event driven scripts 5 6 5 WebScript Debugging Tool When getting acquainted with the WebScript scripting language or debugging Internet applications the interactive debugging tool comes in handy The layout can be seen in Figure 20 In the top window script script code is typed pasted directly in and submit is pushed The script is executed and if nothing fails the out WebNet User s Guide 29 1 0 CONSULTING Script hello world hello again print Output Stack hello again hello world Submit Revert verbose D Figure 20 The WebScript Debugger Tool Page put window now contains the output from the script and the stack window contains what may be left on the stack The verbose switch enables listing of the CGI parameters and details about the CGI query The procedure for uploading and running scripts is described in section 7 and the WebScript script
27. files the total disk size and the number of used free and free but not reclaimed blocks The size of one block is 510 bytes File System Status Open files 1 Mode Filename E icei bihlesys Disk size 1984K bytes A AA 12 686 J Blocks in use 2834 PM Free blocks 448 Free blocks marked for reclaim Figure 15 The File System Status Page If you experience problems with the file system running full you may want to check the 24 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING logging settings Log files can grow fast if the system is busy 5 3 Network Quality Pinghost is a simple way of indicating the quality of a network connection in terms of reliability and latency It measures the success failure rate the maximum round trip time and the average round trip time of ping packets The results of these measurements are plotted in a graph which is updated every 2 min When the graph is completed it shows statistics for a 24 h period The host that pinghost should send its ping packets to is set up in the PingHost field below the graph It is necessary to boot the WebNet after setting up the PingHost The statistics say nothing about data throughput A simple throughput test can be per formed by transferring a relatively large file to the WebNet via FTP Most FTP client programs tell the average transfer rate after the transfer 5 4 Socket Status On the Socket Status page listening server endpoints passi
28. ing language is described in 5 30 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING 7 Uploading and Running Scripts This section deals with WebScript scripts the built in scripting language in the WebNet More details both on CGI scripts in general and WebScript in particular can be found in 5l 7 1 What are Scripts For Scripts are used in the WebNet to create dynamic web pages Static web pages are written purely in HTML 8 and their contents are thus constant between accesses Dynamic web pages are generated at access time by a script and can thus present content that changes over time The script executes on the server and can thus manipulate server resources and things that is connected to it which is interesting when the server is a WebNet connected to some appliance When the script is executed by the server the script sends the output to the browser connecting to it Thus the script s job is to generate some meaningful html code for the browser to display 7 2 Types of Web Pages Besides the purely static pages we can distinguish between read only dynamic webpages and dynamic webpages with side effects on the server A simple dynamic read only web page typically contains a static header part html header and whatever goes on the top of the page a dynamic contents part the auto generated part and a static footer part whatever goes on the bottom of the page A dynamic web page wi
29. n destructive flash test The test will identify problems with the flash addressing and flash state machine A successful test returns 0 LEDs test initiates a five second synchonous flashing sequence of the system LEDs The result of the test must be manually verified RAM test 1 performs a non destructive RAM test The test will identify problems with the RAM address and data bus A successful test returns 0 RAM test 2 performs a non destructive RAM test The test will identify problems with reading writing the RAM contents A successful test returns 0 Firmware upload Nev firmware can be uploaded as a flash disk file The flash disk is a pre formatted image which includes a complete firmware replacement Refer to the readme file supplied with the flash disk replacement for more information Press the HETP J button to reboot and enter the maintainance FTP server Figure 17 The Test and Service Page The Test and Service page Figure has two main purposes To provide a number of hardware tests in case you suspect that the hardware is defect and to make it possible to boot the WebNet and restart in maintenance FTP mode for firmware upload 5 5 1 Hardware Tests The hardware tests are only used if the WebNet behaves in an unexpected manner 26 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING e Problems with files being corrupted files disappearing and the like can be diagnosed with the Flash test e Over
30. oller is accessable through a connector on the PCB Figure 1 The WebRJS module with the WebNet module inserted WebNet User s Guide 7 1 0 CONSULTING 1 3 About this Manual The purpose of this manual is to make the new WebNet owner acquainted with the WebNet start kit and get started using it First in section 2 we unpack and identify the parts of the start kit Then in section 3 we install the unit and connect to it with a web browser Sections 4 5 and 6 are a tour round the various configuration and monitoring statistics pages of the WebNet In section 7 we look at the basics in writing and running scripts for making dynamic web pages In section 8 we try to get a hole through to the RS 232 interface Section C contains references to further information Updated information documentation and service can be found on the I O Consulting s WebNet home page 3 http webnet iocon dk See also I O Consulting s home page http www iocon dk for information on other services offered by I O Consulting Most of the information in this manual applies to version 1 93 or later of the WebNet software Func tionality user interface and specifications may change in later versions 8 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING 2 Unpacking 2 1 Package Contents The WebNet Start kit consists of the following items e How To Get Started sheet See also apendix A e The WebNet DIMM module e The WebRJ
31. ow advanced settings For more elaborate explanations of the notions briefly described in this section please consult the TCP IP networking literature e g 1 9 The local network administrator should be able to provide the values for the different settings DHCP RARP and AutolIP are ways to obtain network settings automatically at boot time Often a DHCP server exists on the network so probably this method of configuration should be used It is configurable whether the automatically from DHCP e g or the manually entered configurations should be effective If automatic setup of network settings are used the local network administrator should be able to inform You which IP address is assigned to the WebNet All network settings can be set manually IP address is the identification of the WebNet on the TCP IP network Be sure it is a valid vacant address supplied by the network administrator Subnet mask specifies how much of the IP address describes the host address and how much describes the network address for routing purposes Default gateway is the IP address to forward packets to when their address is not within the network described by the IP address Subnet mask combination The gateway will know where to send them Domain is the name of the DNS domain that the WebNet belongs to Nameserver is the IP address of a server in that domain that does name IP translations aka a DNS server For further reading about
32. r case is to replace the hub Also make sure that the WebNet and the computer are on the same segment of the LAN that is no routers or bridges are in between the two devices Hubs or switching hubs are OK 3 1 2 Connecting to a network switch Connecting the WebNet to a network switch before an IP address is configured is not recommended Some network switches might filter out packets addressed to unknown MAC addresses Once the WebNet is properly configured there are no problems in con necting it to a network switch Use the same network cable as when connecting to a hub 3 1 3 Connecting directly to the computer To connect the WebNet directly to the computer a crossed network cable is required the one supplied with the Start Kit is straight and can not be used for this purpose The network adapter in the computer must be capable of running 10Mbps In case of problems configure the network adapter to 10Mbit link speed or auto sense 100Mbit will not work Notice that the link speed cannot be set on all types of network adapters For Windows computers the setting would appear if applicable in Control Panel gt Network gt Adapter name gt Properties gt Advanced gt Link speed The crossed network cable is connected to the network adapter in the computer and to the WebNet 12 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING 3 2 Applying power The AC adapter is connected to the power
33. rough the ethernet connection a loopback connection PC WebNet Terminal emulator Modem Telnet emulation application Serial IF Ethernet IF Ethernet IF Serial IF Figure 22 Principle of the loopback example The example requires a telnet application and a terminal emulator application on the PC Telnet is included in Win95 98 NT and is reached from the DOS prompt They also contain a terminal emulator called Hyper Terminal which is found under start gt programs gt accessories gt communication The following steps are carried out We assume the PC already has network connection to the WebNet e A serial cord is connected to the WebNet RS232 port and to a free COM port on the PC let us say COM2 34 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING e The Terminal emulator is opened and it is set up to connect directly to COM2 check that serial line settings correspond with those of the WebNet e The Device Sharing settings on the WebNet home page is setup to serial port sp0 telnet port 1010 e A telnet session with the WebNet port 1010 is started e g with the command telnet 192 168 4 10 1010 e Now keystrokes entered in the terminal emulator should appear in the telnet appli cation and vice versa Thus the data entered into the RS232 interface is routed through the WebNet and out to TCP
34. sentation of simple textual numeric data while an applet is more suitable if graphical representation is needed A dedicated PC application will probably only be used if it existed before the device was web enabled and just needs to be altered to use network communication instead of RS 232 New applications should be written as Java applets 36 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING The answer to question 3 simply depends on the need to recall a data history If a PC should be able to connect to the WebNet check the data output during the last e g 24 hours and then disconnect the WebNet should store a data history Figure 23 is an example showing a principal schematic of a setup with a device a sensor a WebNet that does both protocol translation data storage and applet serving and a PC The PC displays the web page from the WebNet in its browser including the applet Please refer to for a full introduction and reference to WebScript as well as a number of explained examples to get you started making WebNet applications Sensor device WebNet E Pl Data formatting B Protocol 2nd storage server i Process Zn RS232 Data Applet _histoy Code H Ethernet Figure 23 Example of a WebNet architecture WebNet User s Guide 37 1 0 CONSULTING A How To Get Started Your new WebNet must be assigned a valid IP address before you can use it This docum
35. socket on the WebRJS board and power is switched on The LED s should start flashing after a few seconds and after an additional few seconds the unit has finished booting 3 3 Assigning an IP Address A WebNet module is from the factory configured to run in a so called Auto IP mode The technical details of assigning an IP address with Auto IP mode are explained in section 3 3 1 below but you may want to skip that section and proceed to the description of the necessary steps to assign the IP address in section 3 3 2 3 3 1 Auto IP the details The board has from the factory a hardware MAC address but no IP address Auto IP makes it listen to network packets for its own MAC address and when the first IP packet for that MAC address comes in it takes the receiver IP address from that packet and uses that as its IP address To be able to send such a packet an entry is added to the arp table of the computer where the desired IP address is associated with the MAC address Thus to assign the WebNet an IP address the following steps should be carried out 3 3 2 Auto IP how to assign an IP address The steps described here apply to Windows machines but a similar procedure is possible on e g UNIX machines Check your local flavour of arp by typing arp in a command prompt in case of problems In this example the desired IP address is 192 168 4 10 and the MAC address is from the label on the WebNet module 00 d0 c8 00
36. t print print n print forall lt table gt lt body gt lt html gt print oo Non Ae UNBE Figure 21 Example script displaying the TCP IP configuration 7 4 below 7 4 Running the Script Scripts are either edited with the built in editor see section 6 2 or uploaded via FTP Suppose you have edited the script on the PC in a file called c tcpsettings the file extension conventions regarding WebScript files say that they have no extension you do the following 1 Connect via FTP from the PC to the WebNet ftp 192 168 4 10 2 Log in with username admin and password admin unless you have changed them 3 Change directory to the cgi bin directory where the scripts reside cd cgi bin 4 Upload the file put c tcpsettings tcpsettings You can check that the file has arrived safely by typing dir which shows the files in the cgi bin directory with size information When the script is located in cgi bin you run it by typing in the URL http 192 168 4 10 setup tcpsettings The web page appearing should be the expected list of TCP IP settings The setup part of the above url is a logical path that points to the cgi bin physical path on the WebNet This is for historical reasons 7 5 Debugging Scripts Perhaps the script fails probably meaning that you have made a typing mistake somewhere in the script You can then use the built in editor to correct the mistake instead of ftp ing the script back on the PC
37. tart 3 After about five seconds of uninterrupted LED flickering the WebNet reboots and enters secure mode using its factory default settings The default settings will be active until the next reboot During this period you can use the AutoIP feature to assign a temporary IP address to WebNet This IP address should be used to gain access and reconfigure WebNet properly B 2 Your ARP table When your computer uses TCP TP e g has a Web Browser it also has an ARP table for your ethernet The ARP table translates other units IP addresses to their respective MAC addresses which is required to communicate with other unit on an ethernet network ARP is a caching mechanism which normally does its job silently in the systems background It requires that other units on the network are configured with IP addresses The ARP tables can be monitered and manually updated using the arp command available from a command prompt WebNet User s Guide 39 1 0 CONSULTING Show ARP help arp Show ARP table contents arp a Add ARP perm entry Unix and OS 2 arp s ip_addr 00 00 00 00 00 00 Add ARP temp entry Unix and OS 2 arp s ip_addr 00 00 00 00 00 00 temp Add ARP entry Windows arp s ip_addr 00 00 00 00 00 00 Add ARP entry recent Windows arp s ip_addr 00 00 00 00 00 00 if_addr Delete ARP table entry arp d ip_addr Ping an IP address ping some_ip The ip_addr is the IP address
38. ted its AutoIP assignment and you can delete the ARP entry You can now use you Web browser to properly configure the network settings page of the WebNet and then reboot it 40 WebNet User s Guide 1 0 CONSULTING C References References Ko Douglas Comer Internetworking with TCP IP volume 1 Prentice Hall fourth edition 2000 I O Consulting I O consulting homepage Webpage 2000 http www iocon dk I O Consulting I O consulting webnet home page Webpage 2000 http webnet iocon dk Dougherty et al Sendmail O Reilly second edition 1997 Peter Skov Knudsen Bjarne Madsen and Anders Jorgensen WebScript User s Guide and Reference Manual I O Consulting second edition 1999 Liu and Albitz DNS and BIND O Reilly third edition 1998 Sun Microsystems Sun s java homepage Webpage 1999 http java sun com Dave Raggett Arnaud Le Hors and Ian Jacobs HTML 4 0 specification W3C 1998 WSC http www w3 org TR REC html40 W Richard Stevens TCP IP Illustrated volume 1 Addison Wesley 1994 WebNet User s Guide 41
39. th side effects typically contains among other things forms and on the basis on data supplied by the user in these forms it runs different code on the server possibly changing items in a database or controlling attached hardware 7 3 Example Script A simple script generating a dynamic read only web page could look like in Figure similar to an example in 5 The line numbers are for textual reference only they are not part of the code The script lists the current TCP configuration Line 1 prints the necessary html header information and the title Line 2 prints the page headline Line 3 starts the table definition 4 7 is a loop that iterates over the contents of the tcp directory residing in the etc directory For each entry it starts a new table row a new column prints the parameter name makes a new column with a colon in it makes a new column with the parameter value in it and finally prints a newline In line 8 the table the body part and the whole html page are finished You can try this script by typing it into the WebScript debugging tool see section 6 5 Otherwise you can type it into a file upload it to the WebNet and run it there see section WebNet User s Guide 31 1 0 CONSULTING lt htm1 gt lt head gt lt title gt WebScript test lt title gt lt head gt print Current TCP configuration print lt table gt print etc tcp get exch lt tr gt lt td gt print xprint lt td gt lt td g
40. the temperature that it can send to the PC upon connection but the applet is still best suited to present the data So the data accumulation part of the application is put on the WebNet and the data presentation part is put in the applet Also electronic devices often use a more complex protocol than the above mentioned where the sensor just outputs data at a regular interval to communicate over the serial interface This protocol will then most likely be implemented in the WebNet 8 5 Architecture Considerations The differences in architecture can be expressed by three questions which should be con sidered before designing a WebNet solution 1 Does the WebNet process data or does it merely act as a gateway 2 Does the WebNet generate dynamic web pages serve an applet to the PC or does the PC need to have a dedicated application 3 Does the WebNet store a data history or not The answer to question 1 depends mainly on the intelligence level of the attached device It may be useful to let the WebNet encapsulate very raw and low level protocols in something more high level for the applet or dynamic web pages to use Also if the device should be able to deliver data when a PC is not connected some intelli gence should be in the webnet software buffering data for later reading by the PC The answer to question 2 depends mainly on the complexity of the data presentation needs A dynamic webpage is suitable for pre
41. ve sockets or server sockets and active network connections can be checked Socket status Socket type Local socket Remote socket tcpilisten tcpfestablished AMAS 192 168 4 10m4w Ft 192 168 2 58 1125 tcp time_wait 192 168 4 10 waww 192 168 2 52 1306 tepi fin_vwait_2 192 168 4 10 wwww 192 168 2 58 1124 tcpifin_wait_2 192 1684 10 wew 192 168 2 58 1123 tcpilisten 1010 ho ho o a A tep listen ftp tcp established 192 168 4 10 911 192 168 252 1118 udp 192 168 4 10 dhcpc 192 168 2 53 dhcps Figure 16 The Socket Status Page In the example in Figure three passive sockets exist 41 Port 80 www 2 port 21 ftp and 12 port 1010 WebNet Device Sharing These sockets wait for connection requests from clients and then create new active sockets Two active connections exist one WebNet User s Guide 25 1 0 CONSULTING unnumbered to the telnet server port 911 from a host with IP no 192 168 2 58 and one 4 to the web server from a host with IP no 192 168 2 58 There are unfinished TCP connections 48 web connection to a host with IP no 192 168 2 52 5 and 6 web connections to a host with IP no 192 168 2 58 Finally there is an unnumbered system connection to the DHCP server at IP address 192 168 2 53 5 5 Test and Service Hardware Tests Flash test performs a no
42. ware o Device sharing o Serial lines o System logging Monitoring and Statistics o Console output o File system information o Network quali o Socket status o Jest and service Tools o Adjust realtime clock o Edit flash file o Interface controller update o Scheduled script control o WebScript debugging tool Figure 6 The WebNet home page WebNet User s Guide 15 1 0 CONSULTING 4 Configuration Configuration of the WebNet module is done via the configuration pages accessible from the WebNet home page described above under the headline System Configuration The sections below each describe one such configuration page To access these pages a username and password should be entered By default these are admin and admin but they should be changed see how in section 4 1 below 4 1 Access Control Access control can be implemented at a more or less fine grained level By default an admin user exists with the password admin The admin password can be changed in the access control page The admin user has access to the web pages in the setup section of the web page area that is the web pages we are accessing right now Also admin has full ftp access to the file system with all privileges see section 4 1 2 for more information on FTP An additional user anonymous also exists with the password anonymous This user has read only ftp

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