Home

VMware Server User`s Guide

1. Symbol Shifted Symbol Location V Scan Code numeric pad 0x037 Alt left 0x038 Space bar 0x039 Caps Lock 0x03a F1 0x03b F2 0x03c F3 0x03d F4 0x03e F5 0x03f F6 0x040 F7 0x041 F8 0x042 F9 0x043 F10 0x044 Num Lock numeric pad 0x045 Scroll Lock 0x046 Home 7 numeric pad 0x047 Up arrow 8 numeric pad 0x048 PgUp 9 numeric pad 0x049 numeric pad 0x04a Left arrow 4 numeric pad 0x04b 5 numeric pad 0x04c Right arrow 6 numeric pad 0x04d numeric pad 0x04e End 1 numeric pad 0x04f Down arrow 2 numeric pad 0x050 PgDn 3 numeric pad 0x051 Ins 0 numeric pad 0x052 Del numeric pad 0x053 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Table 8 1 V Scan Codes for the 104 Key U S Keyboard Continued Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Symbol Shifted Symbol Location V Scan Code F11 0x057 F12 0x058 Break 0x100 Enter numeric pad Ox11c Ctrl right Ox11d numeric pad 0x135 SysRq 0x137 Alt right 0x138 Home function pad 0x147 Up arrow function pad 0x148 Page Up function pad 0x149 Left arrow function pad 0x14b Right arrow function pad Ox14d End function pad Ox14f Down arrow function pad 0x150 Page Down function pad 0x151 Insert function pad 0x152 Delete function pad 0x153 Windows left 0x15b Windows right 0x15c Menu 0x15d The 84 key keyboard has a Sys Req key on the numeric pad Its v scan code is 0x054 Keyboards outside the U S usually have an extra key often lt gt o
2. Configuring a Virtual Network on page 203 Using the New Virtual Machine Wizard When you create a new virtual machine the result is a set of files that represent a new computer If you are not using a bootable CD or PXE image file the virtual machine includes a blank unformatted hard disk the virtual disk onto which you install the guest operating system NOTE Before you create the virtual machine check the installation notes for the guest operating system you intend to install You can find this information in the VMware Guest Operating System Installation Guide available from the VMware Web site at http www vmware com support guestnotes doc index html RC DRAFT VMware Inc Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines To create a new virtual machine 1 VMware Inc In your Web browser enter the URL of your VMware Server installation http lt host name gt If you are not using port 80 to connect to VMware Server you must include the port number you specified during installation in the connection URL for example http lt host name gt 8222 When you connect remotely you are automatically redirected to the secure http https port The VI Web Access login page appears Enter your user name and password and click Log In In the Commands section of the host workspace click Create Virtual Machine On the Name and Location page enter the name of the virtual machine The name you enter here is
3. Sample Linux vmnetnat conf File The following is a sample Linux vmnetnat conf file Linux NAT configuration file host NAT gateway address ip 192 168 237 2 24 hostMAC 00 50 56 C0 00 08 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network 4 enable configuration disabled by default for security reasons configport 33445 4 VMnet device if not specified on command line device VMnet8 Allow PORT EPRT FTP commands they need incoming TCP stream activeFTP 1 Allows the source to have any OUI Enable this if you change the OUI in the MAC address of your virtual machines aLlowAnyOUI 1 udp Timeout in seconds 0 no timeout default 60 real value might be up to 100 longer timeout 30 incomingtcp 4 Use these with care anyone can enter into your virtual machine through these FTP both active and passive FTP is always enabled 4 ftp localhost 8887 8887 192 168 27 128 21 WEB make sure that if you are using named webhosting names point to 4 your host not to guest And if you are forwarding port other than 80 make sure that your server copes with mismatched port number in Host header lynx http localhost 8888 8888 192 168 27 128 80 SSH ssh p 8889 root localhost 8889 192 168 27 128 22 incomingudp UDP port forwarding example 6000 192 168 27 128 6001 Using Samba for File Sharing on a Linux Host On a Linux host computer
4. Your normal samba server should be at least v 2 0 6 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network You will need to insert specific information for your system at several points indicated in the file by lt text in angle brackets gt Larmor samba server configuration Global settings global Identity Allow several Samba servers on the same machine interfaces lt your real subnet gt lt your real netmask gt bind interfaces only yes Workgroup the host belongs to workgroup VMware SMB name of the host the hostname by default netbios name lt your Windows name gt Description of the host server string Linux running Samba 2 0 6 Access Allow connections from hosts allow lt your real subnet gt lt your real netmask gt Authentication scheme security user encrypt passwords yes Options Automatically load the printer list from etc printcap by default load printers yes Gives better performance socket options TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF 8192 SO_SNDBUF 8192 Files and directories Max log size in KB max log size 1024 Locks lock directory var samba SMB passwords smb passwd file etc samba smbpasswd Name browsing VMware Inc RC DRAFT 257 VMware Server User s Guide Allow the host to participate in master browser elections local master yes Force a local browser election upon startup We need that othe
5. For the bridged network adapter in virtual machine 1 use the networking settings needed for a connection to the external network If the virtual machine gets its IP address from a DHCP server on the external network the default settings will work For the second network adapter in virtual machine 1 manually assign an IP address in the range you are using with VMnet2 Machine 2 Assign an IP address in the range you are using with VMnet2 Machine3 Network adapters are connected to VMnet2 and VMnet3 Assign each adapter an IP address in the range you are using with the virtual network to which it is connected Machine 4 Assign an IP address in the range you are using with VMnet3 Install the necessary application software in each virtual machine RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Changing the Networking Configuration This section describes how you can add virtual network adapters to your virtual machine and change the configuration of existing adapters Refreshing the Network On Windows to configure custom virtual networks you must use the virtual network editor from the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks After you make changes using the virtual network editor you must update the network list in VI Web Access using the Refresh Network List command After refreshing the network the changes made using the virtual network editor appear in the Netw
6. If you are using an XFree86 based server that VMware Server does not recognize as an XFree86 server use this setting instead xkeymap usekeycodeMap TRUE If you are using an XFree86 server running locally and the keyboard does not work correctly report the problem to VMware technical support X Key Codes Compared to Keysyms Pressing a key on the PC keyboard generates a scan code based roughly on the position of the key For example the Z key on a German keyboard generates the same code as the Y key on an English keyboard because they are in the same position on the keyboard Most keys have one byte scan codes but some keys have two byte scan codes with prefix Oxe0 Internally VMware Server uses a simplified version of the PC scan code that is a single nine bit numeric value called a v scan code A v scan code is written as a three digit hexadecimal number The first digit is 0 or 1 For example the left hand Ctrl key has a one byte scan code 0x1d its v scan code is 0x01d The right hand Ctrl key scan code is two bytes Oxe0 0x1d its v scan code is 0x11d An X server uses a two level encoding of keys An X key code is a one byte value The assignment of key codes to keys depends on the X server implementation and the physical keyboard As a result an X application cannot use key codes directly Instead the key codes are mapped into keysyms that have names like space escape x and 2 The mapping can be controlled by an X
7. If you try to power on a virtual machine when insufficient memory is available VMware Server displays a warning dialog box The message shows how much memory the virtual machine is configured to use and how much memory is available To attempt to power on the virtual machine using the available memory click OK Otherwise click Cancel Enabling and Disabling Background Snapshots Taking snapshots in the background allows you to continue working while VMware Server preserves the state of the virtual machine However enabling background snapshots for a host with slow hard disks can adversely affect performance If you experience significant performance problems when taking or restoring snapshots disable background snapshots For additional information on managing snapshots see Using Snapshots on page 187 To enable or disable background snapshots 1 Select the host in the Inventory panel 2 Inthe Commands section of the host Summary tab click Edit Host Settings 3 In the Snapshots section do one of the following RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing VMware Server m To enable background snapshots select the check box m To disable background snapshots deselect the check box 4 Click OK The setting takes effect after the virtual machines are restarted Configuring Virtual Machine Startup and Shutdown Settings You can configure virtual machines to start up and shut down automatically when the host operating system starts
8. on page 216 To add another adapter see Adding a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 Internal DHCP Server The VMware internal DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol server provides IP network addresses to virtual machines in configurations that are not bridged to an external network Host only and NAT network configurations use the DHCP server bridged configurations do not VMware Inc RC DRAFT 205 VMware Server User s Guide 206 Virtual Network Adapter One virtual network adapter also known as a virtual NIC is set up for your virtual machine when you create it with the New Virtual Machine wizard The virtual network adapter uses the Bridged virtual network unless you change the default selection The network adapter appears to the guest operating system as an AMD PCNet Adapter adapter for 32 bit guests or as an Intel Pro 1000 MT Server Adapter for 64 bit and Windows Vista guests VMware Server automatically selects the network driver based on the configuration on your virtual machine For 32 bit guest systems VMware Server supports network adapter morphing to dynamically select the driver The vlance driver is automatically installed when you install a guest operating system The vmxnet driver is automatically installed when you reboot the guest after installing VMware Tools When you edit the network adapter the device type is displayed as Flexible For 64 bit and Windows Vista guest systems the network ad
9. on page 129 The Status section displays the following RC DRAFT VMware Inc Learning VMware Server Basics Using VI Web Access The current power state of the virtual machine whether it is powered on powered off or suspended For information see Changing Virtual Machine Power Settings on page 118 The guest operating system installed in the virtual machine VMware Tools status indicating whether VMware Tools is installed and running and whether you need to upgrade to the latest version See Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools on page 71 The DNS name and IP address of the virtual machine m The Commands section displays Power operations commands A command to start the Add Hardware wizard See Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 Snapshot commands A command to open the virtual machine configuration dialog box A command to create a virtual machine shortcut that enables users to interact directly with the guest operating system See Generating and Sharing Virtual Machine Shortcuts on page 127 m The Relationships section displays the current relationships of the virtual machine the hostname datastores and networks Installing the VMware Remote Console Add On VMware Remote Console allows you to interact directly with the guest operating system You must install VMware Remote Console as a Web browser add on the first time you use it with a Web browser that
10. SCSI Device on page 150 USB Controller See Adding a USB Controller to a Virtual Machine on page 152 Sound Adapter See Adding a Sound Adapter to a Virtual Machine on page 158 Serial Ports See Adding a Serial Port to a Virtual Machine on page 159 Parallel Ports See Adding a Parallel Port to a Virtual Machine on page 170 On the Ready to Complete page do one of the following Click Back or navigate using the Pages panel to make changes If you want to power on the virtual machine immediately after adding the new hardware select Power on your virtual machine now Expand More Hardware to add more virtual hardware to the virtual machine before you finish Each time you finish adding a new device you return to the Ready to Complete page Click Finish to create the virtual machine with the listed hardware The wizard adds the hardware to your virtual machine Installing New Software in a Virtual Machine Installing new software in a virtual machine is like installing it on a physical computer except that you must take these additional steps VMware Inc Make sure that VMware Server can access the media to use for installing the software Verify that the virtual machine has access to the CD ROM drive ISO image file or floppy drive as needed See Chapter 8 Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware on page 135 Set the final memory size for your virtual machine and insta
11. The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard Power on the virtual machine To set up the client side of the connection 1 VMware Inc From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Serial Port For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 Click Use Named Pipe RC DRAFT 185 VMware Server User s Guide 166 3 On the Properties page enter the path and filename for the pipe Depending on the host system enter one of the following m On Windows hosts The pipe name must be in the format pipe lt namedpipe gt The name must begin with pipe m On Linux hosts The pipe name must be tmp lt socket gt or another UNIX socket name of your choice 4 Select This end is the client 5 Select The other end is a virtual machine 6 Optional To connect to the named pipe when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on the default 7 Optional on Windows hosts only Expand I O Mode to select Yield CPU on poll which is deselected by default The kernel in the target virtual machine uses the virtual serial port in polled mode not interrupt mode For more information see Yielding CPU on Poll to Improve Performance When Debugging Windows Hosts Only on page 168 8 Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the
12. VMware Inc Select the virtual machine you want to delete in the Inventory panel Select Virtual Machine gt Remove Virtual Machine You can only select this menu option if the virtual machine is powered off Optional To delete all the virtual machine files from disk select Delete this virtual machine s files from the disk If you do not select Delete this virtual machine s files from the disk the virtual machine is removed from the inventory but all virtual machine files remain intact on the datastore Click OK RC DRAFT i VMware Server User s Guide The virtual machine is deleted or removed from the inventory You can also delete a virtual machine or remove it from the inventory from the host workspace See Removing a Virtual Machine from the Inventory on page 102 Using VMware Remote Console VMware Remote Console allows you to interact directly with the guest operating system VMware Remote Console is installed as a Web browser add on and executed from the add on directory You must install the VMware Remote Console add on the first time you use it with a Web browser that does not already have the add on installed and when a new version of the add on is available For more information see Installing the VMware Remote Console Add On on page 51 and Starting VMware Remote Console from the Console Tab on page 53 You can continue to use VMware Remote Console if you close your Web browser Interacti
13. vmware config or even to the host wide etc vmware config or installation wide usually usr Lib vmware config configuration Configuring How Keysyms Are Mapped When key code mapping cannot be used or is disabled VMware Server maps keysyms to v scan codes It does this using one of the tables in the xkeymap directory in the VMware Server installation usually usr 1ib vmware RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Which table you use depends on the keyboard layout The normal distribution includes tables for PC keyboards for the United States and a number of European countries and languages And for most of these there are both the 101 key or 102 key and the 104 key or 105 key variants VMware Server automatically determines which table to use by examining the current X keymap However its mapping might not be correct In addition each mapping is fixed and might not be completely correct for a given keyboard and X key code to keysym mapping For example a user might have swapped Ctrl and Caps Lock using xmodmap This means the keys are swapped in the virtual machine when using a remote server keysym mapping but are not swapped when using a local server key code mapping Therefore keysym mapping is necessarily inexact To make up for this you can control most of the behavior using configuration settings m xkeymap language lt keyboard type gt Use this setting if VMware Server has a tab
14. Host Configuration Privileges Privilege Name Advanced Configuration Description Sets advanced options in host configuration User interface element Host Configuration tab gt Advanced Settings Inventory hierarchy context menu Affects HC and VC Pair with Object Hosts Effective on Object Hosts Change Date Time Settings Sets time and date settings on the host User interface element Host Configuration tab gt Time Configuration HC and VC Hosts Hosts Change Settings Allows enabling and disabling of background snapshots and setting of lockdown mode User interface element Host Configuration tab gt Security Profile gt Lockdown Mode gt Edit HC and VC Hosts Hosts Change SNMP Settings Edits restarts and stops SNMP agent No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege HC and VC Hosts Hosts Connection Changes the connection status of a host connected or disconnected User interface element Right click Host VC only Hosts Hosts Firmware Allows updates to the host firmware on ESXi hosts No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege HC and VC Hosts Hosts ESXi only Hyper Threading Enables and disables hyperthreading in the host CPU scheduler User interface element Host Configuration tab gt Processors HC and VC Hosts Hosts
15. Network Connection Type If you add a network adapter you can select an existing virtual network For a default installation with no custom networks you have the following options m Bridged Configures your virtual machine as a unique identity on the network separate from and unrelated to its host Other computers on the network can then communicate directly with the virtual machine If your host computer is on a network and you have a separate IP address for your virtual machine or can get one automatically from a DHCP server select Bridged m NAT Configures your virtual machine to share the IP and MAC addresses of the host The virtual machine shares the host s public network identity and has a private identity that is not visible beyond the host NAT can be useful when you are allowed a single IP address or MAC address by your network administrator You might also use NAT to configure separate virtual machines for handling HTTP and FTP requests with both virtual machines running off the same IP address or domain m HostOnly Configures you virtual machine to communicate only with the host and other virtual machines in the host only network This can be useful when you want a secure virtual machine that is connected to the host network but available only through the host machine In this configuration the virtual machine cannot connect to the Internet For more details about VMware Server networking options see Chapter 11
16. User 1 is not assigned individual permissions User 1 logs on User 1 can both power on and take snapshots of virtual machine Example 2 Limiting a user s permissions by overriding group permissions Roles and groups are defined as in Example 1 User 1 Read Only permission is removed on virtual machine Read Only permission is required to power on a virtual machine User 1 can still take snapshots but can no longer power on virtual machine When setting permissions verify that all the object types are set with appropriate privileges for each particular action VMware Inc RC DRAFT 207 VMware Server User s Guide 202 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network The first topics in this chapter introduce the virtual networking components that VMware Server provides and describe how you can use them with your virtual machine The rest of the chapter provides more detail on networking capabilities and specialized configurations This chapter includes the following topics Network Basics on page 203 Components of the Virtual Network on page 204 Common Networking Configurations on page 207 Custom Networking Configurations on page 211 Changing the Networking Configuration on page 215 Advanced Networking Topics on page 222 Understanding NAT on page 239 Using Samba for File Sharing on a Linux Host on page 249 Using the Virtual Network Editor on page 258
17. VMware Server User s Guide 136 Hard Disk Types and Properties Most virtual machines are configured with one or more virtual hard disks A virtual disk is a file or set of files that appears as a physical disk to the guest operating system These files are created in the datastore location that you specify See Managing Datastores on page 103 This section describes the settings you can configure when you add or edit a virtual disk Disk Capacity Setting When you create a new virtual disk specify a maximum disk size in MB or GB Set the maximum size to a value between 1MB and 950GB If the virtual machine does not have a snapshot you can increase the maximum disk size when you edit a SCSI virtual disk Disk File Options Settings New Disk Only When creating a new virtual disk you can specify whether space for the disk files is allocated as needed called a growable disk or allocated all at once when the disk is created called a preallocated disk A growable disk is created by default Growable disk files use less disk space initially and grow to their maximum size only as additional space is needed However it takes longer to write data to growable disks If you select Allocate all disk space now all disk space is preallocated at the time the disk is created This provides better virtual machine performance However you cannot shrink the disk later NOTE Preallocating disk space is a time consuming operation
18. VMware Server can automatically install and configure a Samba server to act as a file server for Microsoft Windows guest operating systems VMware Inc RC DRAFT 249 VMware Server User s Guide 250 You can then use Windows Explorer in the virtual machine to move and copy files between virtual machine and host or between virtual machines on the same network just as you would with files on physical computers that share a network connection The lightly modified Samba server installed by VMware Server runs over the VMware Server virtual Ethernet and the Samba traffic between different operating systems is isolated from actual local area networks The source code differences for the changes in di ff format and based on Samba 2 0 6 are available from VMware For more information see www vmware com download open_sources html If you already have Samba configured on your Linux host the recommended approach is to modify that configuration so it includes the IP subnet used by the VMware Server virtual network adapter VMnet1 You can configure your existing Samba server to work with a host only network All the shares you set up in Samba and in the guest operating system normally appear on the bridged network as well If you need to be sure the shares set up in the guest operating system are seen only on the host only network you might find it easiest to install and use the Samba server provided with VMware Server If you do n
19. VMware Server uses the USB device file system to connect to USB devices In Linux systems that support USB the USB device file system is usually proc bus usb If your host operating system uses a different path to the USB device file system run the following command as root to mount the file system to the expected location mount t usbfs none proc bus usb Do not attempt to add a USB drive s device node for example dev sda directory to the virtual machine as a hard disk How Device Control Is Shared Between Host and Guest Only the host or the guest can have control of a USB device at any one time Device control operates differently depending on whether the host is a Linux or a Windows computer Device Control on a Windows Host When you connect a device to a virtual machine it is unplugged from the host or from the virtual machine that previously had control of the device When you disconnect a device from a virtual machine it is plugged in to the host CAUTION On Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003 hosts you need to take a special step to disconnect USB network and storage devices from the host before connecting them to a virtual machine Use the appropriate system tray icon to disconnect the device from the host On Windows 2000 the icon is called Eject Hardware and on Windows Server 2003 it is called Safely Remove Hardware 156 On Windows hosts when you connect a USB network or storage device t
20. grabs and releases the mouse cursor when the SVGA driver is not installed m On Linux and Solaris guests matches the guests screen resolution to the host s This process starts when you begin an X11 session To use a different mechanism to start the process see Starting the VMware User Process Manually If You Do Not Use a Session Manager on UNIX on page 86 The VMware Tools user process is not installed on NetWare operating systems Instead the vmwtool program is installed It controls the grabbing and releasing of the mouse cursor It also allows you copy and paste text VMware Tools Control Panel The VMware Tools control panel lets you modify settings shrink virtual disks and connect and disconnect virtual devices See Using the VMware Tools Control Panel on page 88 Installing VMware Tools The installers for VMware Tools for Windows Linux FreeBSD Solaris and NetWare guest operating systems are installed with VMware Server as ISO image files When you click Install VMware Tools or Upgrade VMware Tools in the Status section of the virtual machine Summary tab in VI Web Access VMware Server temporarily connects the virtual machines first virtual CD DVD drive to the correct ISO image file for the guest operating system Click the command to install or upgrade VMware Tools The installation procedure varies depending on the operating system VMware Inc RC D RAFT 73 VMware Server User s Guide 74 Manually I
21. on page 138 m To add a network adapter see Adding a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 m To add a CD DVD drive see Adding a CD DVD Drive to a Virtual Machine on page 144 m Toadda floppy drive see Adding a Floppy Drive to a Virtual Machine on page 147 m To add a passthrough generic SCSI device see Adding a Passthrough Generic SCSI Device on page 150 m To add a USB controller one per virtual machine see Adding a USB Controller to a Virtual Machine on page 152 m To add a sound adapter one per virtual machine see Adding a Sound Adapter to a Virtual Machine on page 158 m For information about adding a serial port see Adding a Serial Port to a Virtual Machine on page 159 m To adda parallel port see Adding a Parallel Port to a Virtual Machine on page 170 Each time you finish adding a new device you return to the Ready to Complete page RC DRAFT a VMware Server User s Guide m Ifyou want to power on the virtual machine immediately after creating it select Power on your virtual machine now m Click Finish to create the virtual machine with the listed hardware The wizard creates the files and hardware for your virtual machine After the virtual machine is created continue with Installing a Guest Operating System on page 66 Installing a Guest Operating System 66 A new virtual machine is like a physical computer with a blank hard disk Befo
22. on page 31 VMware Server Product Benefits VMware Server is a free virtualization product for Microsoft Windows and Linux servers It enables you to quickly provision new server capacity by partitioning a physical server into multiple virtual machines You can use VMware Server to provision a wide variety of plug and play virtual appliances for commonly used infrastructure VMware Server supports the following hardware and software VMware Inc Any standard x86 compatible or x86 64 compatible personal computer A wide variety of Windows Linux Solaris and other guest operating systems including 64 bit operating systems Two way Virtual SMP RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide Intel Virtualization Technology Intel VT AMD Virtualization AMT V With VMware Server you can do the following Provision a new server without purchasing more hardware by locating multiple virtual machines on the same host Run Windows Linux and other operating systems and applications without software conflicts because virtual machines are completely isolated from one another and from the physical host Move virtual machines from one physical host to another without having to reconfigure them New Features of VMware Server 2 0 20 This section provides information about key new features of VMware Server 2 0 Web Based Interface Use VMware Infrastructure Web Access VI Web Access to perform host and virtual machine configurati
23. system using the following command rpm e VMware server lt xxxx gt In place of lt xxxx gt the filename contains numbers that correspond to the version and build If you have VMware Server properly installed you can find the VMware Server build number by running rpm qa grep VM Upgrading from VMware Server 1 44 Run the VMware Server 2 installer for your host to upgrade to VMware Server 2 from VMware Server 1 The installer automatically uninstalls the previous version of the software except for tar installations which require you to uninstall the previous version of VMware Server manually RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing VMware Server However there are some feature differences between these product versions VMware Inc VI Web Access and VMware Remote Console replace the VMware Management Interface and VMware Server Console See Chapter 3 Learning VMware Server Basics Using VI Web Access on page 47 VMware Server 2 does not support physical raw disks VMware Server 2 uses datastores to manage virtual machine locations A datastore is a storage location for VMware Server virtual machine files The storage location can be the local file system a CIFS store Windows only or an NFS mounted file system Linux only Virtual machines that were registered in VMware Server 1 are automatically registered in VMware Server 2 However the locations for existing virtual machines are not automatically add
24. the NAT network there is an unavoidable performance penalty Our testing shows that the penalty is minor for dial up and DSL connections and performance is adequate for most VMware Server uses NAT is not perfectly transparent It does not normally allow connections to be initiated from outside the network although you can set up server connections by manually configuring the NAT device The practical result is that some TCP and UDP protocols that require a connection be initiated from the server machine some peer to peer applications for example do not work automatically and some might not work at all RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network A standard NAT configuration provides basic level firewall protection because the NAT device can initiate connections from the private NAT network but devices on the external network cannot normally initiate connections to the private NAT network Using NAT with NetLogon When using NAT networking in a virtual machine with a Windows guest operating system running on a Windows host you can use NetLogon to log on to a Windows domain from the virtual machine You can then access file shares known by the WINS server in the domain To use NetLogon you need to know how WINS servers and Windows domain controllers work This section explains how to set up the virtual machine to use NetLogon The setup process is similar to the way you set up a physical computer on one LAN that is us
25. the drop down list on the right Select the second network adapter in the list of devices then select Custom select VMnet 2 Host only on a Windows host or dev vmnet2 on a Linux host from the drop down list on the right If you need to add one or more network adapters click Add and use the Add Hardware wizard to add an adapter RC DRAFT sili VMware Server User s Guide Now you need to configure the networking components on the host and in the virtual machines The recommended approach uses static IP addresses for all the virtual machines To configure the host and virtual machine networking components 1 Stop the VMnet DHCP server service Windows host From the virtual network editor select DHCP and click Stop service Linux host Stop the vmnet dhcpd service killall TERM vmnet dhcpd Install guest operating systems in each of the virtual machines Install the router software on the host computer or in the third virtual machine depending on the approach you are using Configure networking in the first two virtual machines to use addresses on the appropriate host only network On Windows hosts you can open a command prompt and run ipconfig all to see what IP addresses each host only network is using On Linux hosts you can open a terminal and run ifconfig to see what IP addresses each host only network is using If you are running the router on the host computer assign default router addresses ba
26. 24 available in virtual machine 29 choosing for best performance 268 configuring 269 editing 269 host wide settings 106 267 reserving for virtual machines 107 setting when creating virtual machine 59 swapping in host 107 virtual machine memory size 268 menu options VI Web Access 53 virtual machine 53 message log viewing VMware Remote Console 126 MIDI 157 MMU 122 RC DRAFT 2 VMware Server User s Guide 332 modifying CD DVD drives 146 floppy drives 149 hard disks 139 network adapters 216 parallel ports 171 permissions 199 SCSI controllers 152 serial ports 162 sound adapters 158 mouse driver installed by VMware Tools 72 MP3 157 Mylex SCSI adapter 29 N named pipe 161 164 165 167 NAT advanced configuration 242 and DHCP 240 and DNS 241 and the host computer 240 configuring 261 external access from a NAT network 241 on virtual networks 208 239 sample configuration file for Linux host 248 selecting IP addresses 222 NAT tab in virtual network editor 261 nat conf 244 248 NetWare Novell 92 network adapters adding virtual 215 editing virtual 216 removing virtual 217 teaming 218 229 networks RC DRAFT automatic bridging 218 changing DHCP settings 218 changing subnet settings 218 changing the configuration 215 common configurations 207 components 204 configuring 203 configuring automatic bridging 259 configuring bridged 217 configuring DHCP 261 configuring NAT 261 configuring
27. A 10 Host Local Operations Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Add Host to Installs and uninstalls various agentson HC only Root folder Root folder VirtualCenter a host for example vpxa and aam No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Create Virtual Creates a new virtual machine from HC only Root folder Root folder Machine scratch on a disk without registering it on the host No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Delete Virtual Deletes a virtual machine on disk HC only Root folder Root folder Machine whether registered or not No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Manage User Manages local accounts on a host HC only Root folder Root folder Groups User interface element Users amp Groups tab only presentif the VI Client logs on to the host directly VMware Inc 299 RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide Network Table A 11 Network Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Assign Assigns a network to a virtual machine VC only Virtual Networks Network Machine Virtual Machines Move Network Moves a network between folders HCand VC Network Networks Privilege must be present at both the source and source and destination destination User interface element Inventory drag and drop Delete Removes a network HCand VC
28. A 6 Global Privileges Continued Privilege Name Disable Methods Description Allows servers for VirtualCenter extensions to disable certain operations on objects managed by VirtualCenter No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Affects VC only Pair with Object Any object Effective on Object Root folder Enable Methods Allows servers for VirtualCenter extensions to enable certain operations on objects managed by VirtualCenter No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege VC only Any object Root folder Licenses Sees what licenses are installed and adds or removes licenses User interface element Licenses tab Configuration gt Licensed Features HC and VC Any object Root folder Log Event Logs a user defined event against a particular managed entity User interface element Should ask for a reason when shutting down or rebooting a host HC and VC All objects All inventory objects Manage Custom Attributes Adds removes renames custom attributes for a managed entity User interface element Administration gt Custom Attributes VC only All objects Root folder Proxy Allows access to an internal interface for adding or removing endpoints to or from the proxy No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege VC only All objects Root folde
29. Advanced Networking Topics The following sections describe advanced networking topics Selecting IP Addresses on a Host Only Network or NAT Configuration A host only network uses a private virtual network The host and all virtual machines configured for host only networking are connected to the network through a virtual switch Typically all the parties on this private network use the TCP IP protocol suite although other communication protocols can be used A network address translation NAT configuration also sets up a private network which must be a TCP IP network The virtual machines configured for NAT are connected to that network through a virtual switch The host computer is also connected to the private network used for NAT through a host virtual adapter Each virtual machine and the host must be assigned addresses on the private network This is typically done using the DHCP server that comes with VMware Server This server does not service virtual or physical machines residing on bridged networks Addresses can also be assigned statically from a pool of addresses that are not assigned by the DHCP server If host only networking is enabled when VMware Server is installed the network number to use for the virtual network is automatically selected as an unused private IP network number To find out which network is used on a Windows host select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks and check the subnet numb
30. Datacenter Datacenters Network User interface element Inventory network context menu Edit gt Remove Inventory gt Network gt Remove Performance Table A 12 Performance Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective Name Description Affects Object on Object Modify Creates removes and updates VC only Root folder Root folder Intervals performance data collection intervals User interface element Administration gt VirtualCenter Management Server Configuration gt Statistics a RC DRAFT VMware Inc Defined Privileges Permissions Table A 13 Permissions Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective Name Description Used Object on Object Modify Defines one or more permission rules HCand VC Any object All Permission on an entity or updates rules if already plus parent inventory present for the given user or group on object items the entity User interface element Permissions tab context menu Inventory gt Permissions menu Modify Role Updates a role s name and the HCand VC Any object Root folder privileges User interface element Roles tab context menu toolbar button File menu Reassign Role Reassigns all permissions of a role to HCand VC Any object Root folder Permissions another role User interface element Delete Role dialog box radio button and associated menu Resource Table A 14 Resource Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Apply Asks t
31. Host CIM on page 295 m Host Configuration on page 296 m Host Inventory on page 298 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 289 VMware Server User s Guide m Host Local Operations on page 299 m Network on page 300 m Performance on page 300 m Permissions on page 301 m Resource on page 301 m Scheduled Task on page 303 m Sessions on page 303 m Tasks on page 304 m Virtual Machine Configuration on page 304 m Virtual Machine Interaction on page 307 m Virtual Machine Inventory on page 309 m Virtual Machine Provisioning on page 309 m Virtual Machine State on page 311 Alarms Table A 1 Alarms Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective Name Description Used Object on Object Create Alarm Creates a new alarm VC only Alarm All User interface element Alarms tab object inventory context menu File gt New gt Alarm parent objects Delete Alarm Deletes an existing alarm VC only Alarm All User interface element Alarms tab object inventory context menu parent objects Modify Alarm Changes the properties of an existing VC only Alarm All alarm object inventory User interface element Alarms tab parent objects context menu 1 When creating alarms with a custom action privilege to perform the action is verified when the use creates the alarm 290 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Defined Privileges Datacenter Table A 2 Datacen
32. Machine wizard displays a reasonable default value based on the guest operating system type and the total amount of host memory However you might be able to improve performance by adjusting the setting when you create the virtual machine or by later editing the memory setting See Editing Virtual Machine Memory on page 269 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Performance Tuning for VMware Server Most modern operating systems use significant amounts of memory so allowing a generous virtual machine memory capacity is beneficial for optimal performance The optimal setting depends on the following considerations The recommendations of the operating system vendor The types of applications that are run in the virtual machine Whether multiple virtual machines are contending for memory resources If you plan to run one virtual machine at a time most of the time a good starting point is to give the virtual machine half of the available host memory What applications are run on the host at the same time as the virtual machine The total amount of host memory that all running virtual machines can use See Reserving Host Memory for Virtual Machine Use on page 267 The file system where the virtual machine is stored You cannot allocate more than 2GB of memory to a virtual machine if it is stored on a file system that does not support files larger than 2GB such as FAT16 If you do the virtual machine will not boot For information about h
33. Maintenance Puts the host in and out of maintenance mode shuts down and restarts the host User interface element Host context menu Inventory gt Host gt Enter Maintenance Mode HC and VC Hosts Hosts 296 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Table A 8 Host Configuration Privileges Continued Defined Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Memory Sets configured service consolememory HCand VC Hosts Hosts Configuration reservation This setting is applicable only on ESX hosts User interface element Host Configuration tab gt Memory Network Configures network firewall and HCand VC Hosts Hosts Configuration VMotion network User interface element Host Configuration tab gt Networking Network Adapter DNS and Routing Query Patch Allows querying for installable patches HCand VC Hosts Hosts and installation of patches on the host Security Configures internet services such as HCand VC Hosts Hosts Profile and SSH Telnet SNMP and host firewall Firewall User interface element Host Configuration tab gt Security Profile System Allows extensions to manipulate the file HC and VC Hosts Hosts Management system on the host No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege System Updates the configuration of the system HCand VC Hosts Hosts Resource resource hierarchy Settings User interface element Host C
34. Network Basics VMware Server provides multiple ways you can configure a virtual machine for virtual networking VMware Inc RC DRAFT ee VMware Server User s Guide m Bridged networking Configures your virtual machine as a unique identity on the network separate from and unrelated to its host Other computers on the network can communicate directly with the virtual machine Bridged networking works with Ethernet DSL cable wireless and legacy phone modems See Bridged Networking on page 207 m Network address translation NAT Configures your virtual machine to share the IP and MAC addresses of the host The virtual machine shares the host s public network identity and has a private identity that is not visible beyond the host NAT can be useful when you are allowed a single IP address or MAC address by your network administrator You might also use NAT to configure separate virtual machines for handling HTTP and FIP requests with both virtual machines running off the same IP address or domain NAT works with Ethernet DSL and legacy phone modems See Network Address Translation NAT on page 208 m Host only networking Configures your virtual machine to allow network access only to a private network on the host With host only networking the virtual machine can communicate only with the host and other virtual machines in the host only network This can be useful when you want a secure virtual machine
35. Next and follow the prompts to install the service To configure the cluster service choose Form a New Cluster and specify the following m SQLCLUSTER as the cluster name m The cluster service account created in Step 11 m Both shared disks are managed by the cluster service m The shared disk Q is the quorum disk m Indicate which network adapter is public and which is private m The cluster IP address This is the address that represents the cluster It must be on the same network as the physical Ethernet device To stop the cluster service on the local node node 1 so that the second virtual machine node 2 can access the shared disks right click the node name from Cluster Manager and select Stop Cluster Service You are finished installing Microsoft Clustering Services on the first node VMware Inc 287 VMware Server User s Guide 288 To install Microsoft Clustering Services on the second node 1 2 3 Start the node 2 virtual machine Repeat Step 2 and Step 3 in the procedure for the first node Start the Disk Management tool and assign the first shared disk to Q quorum and the second disk to R data Start dcpromo exe and add this virtual machine as a domain controller in the same domain created in Step 7 for the first node or add it to an existing domain NOTE The setup in node 2 must match the setup in node 1 which you specified in Step 7 for node 1 To start the cluster servic
36. Requirements for IP Addresses If you use bridged networking your virtual machine must have its own identity on the network For example on a TCP IP network the virtual machine needs its own IP address Your network administrator can tell you whether IP addresses are available for your virtual machine and which networking settings to use in the guest operating system Generally your guest operating system can acquire an IP address and other network details automatically from a DHCP server or you might need to set the IP address and other details manually in the guest operating system If you use bridged networking the virtual machine is a full participant in the network It has access to other machines on the network and can be contacted by other machines on the network as if it were a physical computer on the network Be aware that if the host computer is set up to boot multiple operating systems and you run one or more of them in virtual machines you need to configure each operating system with a unique network address People who boot multiple operating systems often assign all systems the same address because they assume only one operating system will be running at a time If you use one or more of the operating systems in a virtual machine this assumption is no longer true How to Edit the Setting Later If you make another selection in the New Virtual Machine wizard and later decide you want to use bridged networking make that chang
37. SCSI Devices 150 Passthrough SCSI devices in the guest operating system have direct access to SCSI devices connected to the host such as scanners tape drives and other data storage devices Using the generic SCSI driver VMware Server allows a virtual machine to access any SCSI device that is supported by the guest operating system In theory generic SCSI is completely device independent but VMware has discovered that it is sensitive to the guest operating system device class and specific SCSI hardware Try any SCSI hardware and report problems to VMware technical support You can add edit and remove generic SCSI devices Adding a Passthrough Generic SCSI Device Add a passthrough SCSI device to a virtual machine to map the SCSI virtual device to a physical passthrough SCSI device on the host Before you begin make sure that you have the following required permissions m On Windows hosts you must run VMware Server as a user with administrator access m On Linux hosts you must be logged on as a user who has read and write permissions to use the device RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware To add a passthrough SCSI device to a virtual machine 1 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Passthrough SCSI Device For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 Select a SCSI device to use A physical
38. SCSI device must be attached to the device and it must be connected to the virtual machine Optional In the Virtual Device Node section select a SCSI adapter and device node from the drop down menus Click OK Editing Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices When you edit a passthrough SCSI device you can change the physical device When the virtual machine is powered off you can also change the virtual device node To edit an existing generic SCSI device 1 2 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the SCSI device to modify and select Edit Optional Under Connection select the physical device to use Optional Under Virtual Device Node select a SCSI device adapter and an available node from the drop down menus Click OK to save your changes Removing Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices You can remove a generic SCSI device from a virtual machine if you no longer want to use that device in the virtual machine To remove an SCSI device 1 2 3 VMware Inc Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the SCSI device and select Remove RC DRAFT 12 VMware Server User s Guide 4 A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the device If you want to remove it click Yes The device is removed Config
39. SDK go to the VMware APIs and SDKs Documentation page of the VMware Web site Using the VMware Tools Command Line Interface The VMware Tools command line interface enables you to do the following m Configure time synchronization in your Linux guest operating system without running X VMware Inc RC D RAFT 99 VMware Server User s Guide Install and uninstall VMware Tools determine the version and so on To use the VMware Tools command line interface 1 100 In the guest operating system change directories to the directory that contains the VMware Tools daemon Depending on the operating system the name and default location of the daemon are as follows m On Microsoft Windows systems the daemon is called VMwareService exe and the location is C Program Files VMware VMware Tools VMwareService exe m On UNIX systems the daemon is called vmware guestd The location of vmware guestd depends on the directory you specify at the time of installation The default location is usr sbin vmware guestd To configure periodic time synchronization use the vmx set_option command Use the following syntax lt daemon gt cmd vmx set_option synctime lt old_val gt lt new_val gt lt daemon gt is vmware guestd on UNIX systems or VMwareService exe on Windows systems lt old_val gt and lt new_val gt are the old and new values respectively Use 0 to mean FALSE and 1 to mean TRUE Following is an example of
40. The physical computer on which the VMware Server software is installed host agent Software that when installed on a virtual machine host performs actions on behalf of a remote client hosted products VMware products including Workstation VMware Player VMware Server VMware ACE and Lab Manager that run as applications on physical machines with operating systems such as Microsoft Windows or Linux By comparison ESX Server is a bare metal product which provides a thin software layer the hypervisor that enables it to run directly on the physical machine host only networking A type of network connection between a virtual machine and the host With host only networking a virtual machine is connected to the host on a private network which normally is not visible outside the host Multiple virtual machines configured with host only networking on the same host are on the same network See also bridged networking custom networking NAT network address translation host operating system An operating system that runs on the host machine See also guest operating system I L IDE Acronym for integrated drive electronics a standard electronic interface used to connect mass storage devices to a computer The ANSI name for IDE is Advanced Technology Attachment ATA VMware Inc 319 Workstation User s Manual 320 independent disk A type of virtual disk that is not affected by snapshots You can configure independent disk
41. Using VI Web Access m Take Snapshot Takes a snapshot of the virtual machine m Revert to Snapshot Reverts to an existing snapshot m Remove Snapshot Removes an existing snapshot m Manage Snapshots Opens the snapshot manager to display information about an existing snapshot m Enter Full Screen Mode Starts VMware Remote Console in full screen mode m Open in a New Window Opens a new VMware Remote Console instance For detailed information about using VI Web Access to perform virtual machine tasks see Chapter 7 Running Virtual Machines on page 115 Administration Menu The Administration menu lists the Manage Roles option for managing VMware Server roles See Chapter 10 Managing Roles and Permissions on page 193 Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Tasks When you click the Tasks tab for the host or a virtual machine VI Web Access displays task information for that host or virtual machine in the workspace The Tasks tab displays a sorted log of the most recent user initiated tasks such as a request to power on a virtual machine or to change a virtual machine or host setting You can sort tasks by clicking the column headers By default tasks appear in reverse chronological order The Tasks tab fields are described in the following table Field Description Triggered Date and time the event occurred Status Indicates tasks success or failure Object The object on which
42. Virtual Device Node Settings When creating a new virtual disk the default adapter type is based on your selected guest operating system An available device node is also selected Virtual disks can be set up as IDE disks for any guest operating system They can be set up as SCSI disks for any guest operating system that has a driver for the LSI Logic or BusLogic SCSI adapter available in a virtual machine The correct SCSI adapter is chosen based on your selected guest operating system NOTE To use SCSI disks in a 32 bit Windows XP virtual machine you need a special SCSI driver available from the Download section of the VMware Web site at http www vmware com download Follow the instructions on the Web site to use the driver with a fresh installation of Windows XP A virtual disk of either type can be stored on either type of physical hard disk That is the files that make up an IDE virtual disk can be stored on either an IDE hard disk or a SCSI hard disk So can the files that make up a SCSI virtual disk They can also be stored on other types of fast access storage media Hard Disk Write Caching Policy Setting The caching policy determines when changes are written to disk VMware Inc RC DRAFT 61 VMware Server User s Guide 62 m Optimize for safety Saves all changes to the virtual disk immediately m Optimize for performance Acknowledges changes to the virtual disk immediately but saves them at a later time
43. a NetWare 6 0 or NetWare 5 1 virtual machine in the system console enter LOAD CD9660 NSS m For a NetWare 4 2 virtual machine in the system console enter load cdrom Mount the VMware Tools CD ROM image by entering cd mount vmwtools In the system console enter one of the following m For NetWare 5 1 6 0 or 6 5 vmwtools setup ncf m For NetWare 4 2 vmwtools setup When the installation finishes the message VMware Tools for NetWare are now running appears in the Logger Screen NetWare 6 5 and NetWare 6 0 guests or the Console Screen NetWare 4 2 and 5 1 guests If you have a NetWare 4 2 guest restart the guest operating system as follows a To shut down the system in the system console enter down b To restart the guest operating system in the system console enter restart server Make sure that the VMware Tools virtual CD ROM image netware iso is not attached to the virtual machine If it is attached disconnect it RC DRAFT a VMware Server User s Guide Starting the VMware User Process Manually If You Do Not Use a Session Manager on UNIX One of the executables used by VMware Tools in UNIX guests is vmware user This program implements fit guest to window and other features Normally vmware user is started automatically after you configure VMware Tools and then log out of the desktop environment and log back in However if you run an X session without a session manager for example by using startx and
44. a Virtual Machine 163 Serial Port General Usage Examples 163 Serial Port Debugging Usage Examples 166 Configuring Parallel Ports 169 Adding a Parallel Port to a Virtual Machine 170 Editing a Virtual Parallel Port 171 Removing a Parallel Port from a Virtual Machine 171 Using Parallel Ports 171 Configuring a Parallel Port on a Windows Host 172 Configuring a Parallel Port on a Linux Host 172 Notes for Using the Iomega Zip Drive 176 Keyboard Mapping on Linux Hosts 176 9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine 185 Suspending and Resuming Virtual Machines 185 Configuring Hard Suspend or Soft Suspend 186 Suspending or Resuming a Virtual Machine 186 Using Snapshots 187 What to Use Snapshots For 187 What Is Captured by aSnapshot 188 Activities That Conflict with Snapshots 188 Enabling and Disabling Background Snapshots for All Virtual Machines 189 Snapshots and a Virtual Machine s Hard Disks 189 Excluding Virtual Disks from Snapshots 189 Taking aSnapshot 190 Reverting to a Snapshot 190 Removing a Snapshot 191 Locking aSnapshot 191 10 Managing Roles and Permissions 193 Access Elements 193 Managing Users 194 8 VMware Inc Contents Managing Groups 195 Managing Roles 195 Creating Roles 196 Editing and Renaming Roles 197 Removing Roles 197 Managing Permissions 198 Creating Permissions 198 Editing Permissions 199 Removing Permissions 200 Access Rules 200 Hierarchical Inheritance 200 Multiple Permission Settings 201 11
45. a library that is missing because you do not have a full installation of FreeBSD 4 5 Before you begin make sure that you have the FreeBSD 4 5 installation CD or access to the ISO image file To install the missing FreeBSD library 1 Reboot the guest operating system 2 Inthe guest in an X terminal enter the following command to start the VMware Tools control panel vmware toolbox amp If the following error message appears the required library was not installed Shared object libc so 3 not found 3 Insert and mount the FreeBSD 4 5 installation CD or access the ISO image file 4 Change directories and run the installation script cd cdrom compat3x instaLL sh Installing VMware Tools in a NetWare Guest System Before you begin make sure that the virtual machine is powered on and the guest operating system is running To install VMware Tools in a NetWare guest operating system 1 In VI Web Access click Install VMware Tools in the Status section of the virtual machine Summary tab If an earlier version of VMware Tools is installed click Upgrade VMware Tools RC DRAFT VMware Inc VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools Click the Console tab The remaining steps take place inside the virtual machine In the guest load the CD ROM driver so the CD ROM device mounts the ISO image as a volume by doing one of the following m For a NetWare 6 5 virtual machine in the system console enter LOAD CDDVD m For
46. a physical switch a virtual switch lets you connect other networking components together Virtual switches are created as needed by VMware Server up to a total of 10 virtual switches on Windows and 255 on Linux Virtual switches can be used in bridged host only and NAT network configurations You can connect one or more virtual machines to a switch On a Windows host you can connect an unlimited number of ports to a virtual switch On a Linux host you can connect up to 32 ports A few networks have default names and switches associated with them m The Bridged network uses VMnet0 as described in Bridged Networking on page 207 m The HostOn1ly network uses VMneti as described in Host Only Networking on page 210 m The NAT network uses VMnet8 as described in Network Address Translation NAT on page 208 The other available switches are VMnet2 VMnet3 VMnet4 and so on To find out what networks are configured on the VMware Server host select the host in VI Web Access The Networks section of the host s Summary tab lists the name VMnet number and network type for each virtual network To find out which networks a virtual machine is using select the virtual machine The network name and type are displayed in the Hardware section of the Summary tab To view or modify network properties click the Network Adapter you want to modify and select Edit For additional information see Editing a Network Adapter
47. a valid username Include the domain or server name for example lt domain_name gt lt username gt or lt server_name gt lt username gt v Enter the corresponding password vi Click OK to add the datastore NOTE VMware Server uses the Windows credential manager for user authentication Because this credential manager feature is not supported on Windows 2000 Server you cannot add a CIFS datastore if VMware Server is installed on a Windows 2000 Server host m To add an NFS datastore Linux host only i Select Network File System ii Enter a valid NFS server name or IP address iii Enter the location of the shared folder iv Click OK to add the datastore The datastore appears in the list of datastores Renaming Datastores You can rename an existing datastore To rename a datastore 1 2 3 4 5 VMware Inc Select the host in the Inventory panel In the Datastores section of the Summary tab click the datastore to rename In the Commands section of the Summary tab click Rename Datastore Enter a new name for the datastore in the Name text box Click OK The renamed datastore appears in the list of datastores RC DRAFT i VMware Server User s Guide Removing Datastores If you no longer want to access a datastore you can remove it from VMware Server Before you can remove a datastore you must remove all virtual machines in the datastore To remove a datastore 1 2 Select the host in the
48. application vendor You can perform quiesced backups on host operating systems running Windows Server 2003 and Windows Server 2008 Only 32 bit Windows Server 2008 hosts are supported The guest operating system must be running Windows Server 2003 or Windows Server 2008 An up to date version of VMware Tools must be installed in the guest operating system For Windows Server 2003 guest systems the VSS Writer uses application VSS writers so that the VSS snapshot is application consistent The snapshot represents the entire state of the VSS aware applications regardless of their backup history and does not modify the backup history For Windows Server 2008 guest systems the VSS Writer does not use application writers and as a result the snapshot is file system consistent NOTE VMware Server allows one snapshot for each virtual machine If a snapshot exists the VSS writer does not quiesce the virtual machines unless you override this default behavior To enable and disable quiesced backups for virtual machines 1 Optional To allow the VSS Writer to overwrite an existing snapshot a Create the file vmvsswriter cfgin the VMware Server installation directory typically C Program Files VMware VMware Server b Add the following parameter to the vmvsswriter cfg file to specify that an existing snapshot can be overwritten so virtual machines can be quiesced before backup vmwriter overwriteSnapshots TRUE If set to TRUE a
49. are not using a virtual network adapter you can remove or disable it DHCP Tab You need to configure the virtual DHCP server if you want to assign IP addresses to each virtual machine and the host on the private network that is if you want to use host only or NAT networking Using DHCP to assign IP addresses is simpler and more automatic than statically assigning them To add anew virtual network to the list click Add In the dialog box that appears select the network you want to add from the drop down list and click OK At this point you cannot change any of the other settings in the DHCP Settings dialog box On the DHCP tab click Apply to activate the new network You can now select the newly added network and change the settings as follows To change DHCP settings for a virtual network select it in the list and click Properties In the DHCP Settings dialog box that appears you can change the range of IP addresses provided by the VMware Server DHCP server on a particular virtual network You can also change the duration of DHCP leases provided to clients on the virtual network If you want to change the subnet settings you need to use the Host Virtual network Mapping tab You can completely stop the DHCP service for all virtual networks by clicking Stop and then clicking Apply If the service is stopped you can start it by clicking Start and then Apply You can also modify DHCP settings by choosing Edit gt Virtual Net
50. can improve performance Shrinking virtual disks reclaims unused space 140 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Defragmenting Virtual Disks Like physical disks virtual disks can become fragmented Defragmentation rearranges data applications and unused space on the virtual disk so that programs run faster and files open more quickly Before you begin make sure that you have adequate free working space on the host system If your virtual disk is contained in a single file for example you need free space equal to the size of the virtual disk Other virtual disk configurations require less free space Defragmentation does not reclaim unused space on a virtual disk For information about how to reclaim unused space see Shrinking Virtual Disks on page 141 To defragment a virtual disk 1 Runa disk defragmentation utility inside the guest operating system For example in a Windows XP guest operating system use the Windows XP Disk Defragmenter utility 2 Runa disk defragmentation utility on the host system Defragmenting disks can take considerable time Shrinking Virtual Disks Shrinking a virtual disk reclaims unused space in the virtual disk If a disk has empty space this process reduces the amount of space the virtual disk occupies on the physical hard disk Only shrink virtual disks when the amount of used space on the virtual hard disk is significantly lower than the size of the vmdk
51. can return to the same state repeatedly take a snapshot as described in Using Snapshots on page 187 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 185 VMware Server User s Guide 186 Configuring Hard Suspend or Soft Suspend You can configure VMware Server to run a VMware Tools script in the guest operating system before suspending the virtual machine This configuration is called a soft suspend Before you begin make sure that VMware Tools is installed in the guest operating system See Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools on page 71 On Windows guests when you do a soft suspend a script releases the IP address if the guest operating system is using DHCP On Linux FreeBSD and Solaris guests the script stops networking for the virtual machine When you resume a Windows guest a script gets a new IP address from DHCP On Linux FreeBSD and Solaris guests networking restarts To configure hard suspend or soft suspend 1 Inthe Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab click Configure VM 2 Click the Power tab 3 In the Power Controls section specify a hard suspend Suspend soft suspend Suspend Guest or default System Default operation When VMware Tools is not installed the System Default action is to suspend the virtual machine without suspending the guest When VMware Tools is installed the System Default action is to suspend the guest before suspending the virtual machine 4 Inthe VMware Tools S
52. configuration file For example if you set scsi1 0 reslckname to VMware Inc Configuring Clustering on Windows Hosts tmp scsi1 0 reslock in the configuration file this name overrides the default lock filename CAUTION You must use the same lock filename for example V tmp scsil 0 reslock for each virtual machine in the cluster You must also use the same SCSI target for each virtual machine when you define scsi1 0 reslckname However the SCSI bus scsil in this case does not need to be the same After SCSI reservation is enabled for a disk you must configure each virtual machine to use this disk See Configuring Hard Disks on page 135 Event Logging When Virtual Disks Are Shared Some disk errors are recorded in the Windows event log in the normal operation of a Windows virtual machine An example error message is The driver detected a controller error on Device Scsi BusLogic3 The errors might appear in the log periodically on the passive node of the cluster and when the passive node is taking over during a failover The errors are logged because the active node of the cluster has reserved the shared virtual disk The passive node periodically probes the shared disk and receives a SCSI reservation conflict error Creating a Cluster in a Box With VMware Server you can create a simple cluster in a box to provide high availability NOTE The ability to take snapshots is disabled in a clustering config
53. configuration file for each virtual machine that shares the disk If SCSI reservation is enabled for the whole bus that is scsil sharedBus is set to virtual this setting is ignored NOTE Do not share resources using two separate buses for example data on SCST1 0 and quorum on SCSI2 0 This causes the configuration file to become invalid If the configuration file is not valid you cannot boot the virtual machine Set the disk Locking parameter to false in the virtual machine configuration file NOTE This setting applies to all disks in the virtual machine Because disk locking is disabled multiple virtual machines can access the shared disk concurrently V CAUTION If any virtual machine that is not configured for SCSI reservation attempts to access the disk concurrently the shared disk is vulnerable to data loss or corruption 280 Naming Reservation Lock Files When SCSI reservation is enabled VMware Server creates a reservation lock file that contains the shared state of the reservation for the given disk The name of this file consists of the SCSI disk filename appended with the RESLCK extension For example if the disk scsi1 0 filename is defined in the configuration file as lt path_to_config gt vmSCSI vmdk the reservation lock file for this disk has the default name lt path_to_config gt vmSCSI vmdk RESLCK You can provide your own lock filename by setting scsi1 0 resLckname in the
54. currently supported operating systems This section provides a simplified list of supported guest operating systems for VMware Server For the most current list of supported guest operating systems including detailed information about the specific operating system versions service packs and updates supported see the VMware Guest Operating System Installation Guide at http pubs vmware com guestnotes This guide also provides notes on installing the most common guest operating systems Operating systems that are not listed are not supported for use in a VMware Server virtual machine Windows 64 Bit Operating Systems m Windows Server 2008 x64 Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition m Windows Vista x64 Business Edition and Ultimate Edition m Windows XP x64 m Windows Server 2003 x64 Standard Edition SP1 SP2 R2 Windows Server 2003 x64 Web Edition SP1 SP2 R2 Windows Server 2003 x64 Enterprise Edition SP1 SP2 R2 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 31 VMware Server User s Guide 32 Windows 32 Bit Guest Operating Systems Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition Windows Vista Business Edition and Ultimate Edition Windows XP SP2 Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition SP1 SP2 R2 Windows Server 2003 Web Edition SP1 SP2 R2 Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition SP1 SP2 R2 Windows Small Business Server 2003 Standard Edition R2 Windows Small Business Server 2003 Premium Edition R2 Windows 2000 Server SP3 SP4 W
55. custom configurations Select one of the other switches Optional To have the network adapter connected to the virtual machine when you power it on select Connect at power on the default Click Next The Ready to Complete page appears and displays the hardware settings Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard Editing a Network Adapter Virtual network adapters can be connected to a labeled network in much the same way that physical network adapters are connected by cables to wall jacks By choosing a labeled network for an adapter you enable the guest operating system to reach the resources of the specified network To edit an existing network adapter 1 2 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the network adapter to modify and select Edit Optional To connect the virtual machine to this network when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on In the Network Connection list select the virtual network name Select Bridged NAT HostOnly or the name of your custom VMnet virtual network from the drop down list Optional In the MAC Address section the current MAC address is displayed in a text box Initially the MAC address is generated by the host You might want to change the MAC address manually if for example m Virtual network adapters on different physical servers share the same
56. debugging information sent from the other the server virtual machine s serial port RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware The following procedures describe how to set up the server and the client to connect to each other using virtual serial ports To set up the server side of the connection 1 9 10 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Serial Port For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 Click Use Named Pipe On the Properties page enter the path and filename for the pipe Depending on the host system enter one of the following m On Windows hosts The pipe name must be in the format pipe lt namedpipe gt The name must begin with pipe m On Linux hosts The pipe name must be tmp lt socket gt or another UNIX socket name of your choice Select This end is the server Select The other end is a virtual machine Optional To connect to the named pipe when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on the default Optional on Windows hosts only Expand I O Mode to select Yield CPU on poll which is deselected by default The kernel in the target virtual machine uses the virtual serial port in polled mode not interrupt mode For more information see Yielding CPU on Poll to Improve Performance When Debugging Windows Hosts Only on page 168 Click Next
57. depend on the operating system m Configure your virtual CD DVD drive so that it is not connected when the virtual machine powers on Only connect to the virtual drive when you want to use it in the virtual machine Disabling Fade Effects in Windows 2000 Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 The fade effects used by Windows 2000 Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 to display menus can make the virtual machine seem less responsive To disable fade effects 1 Right click the guest operating system desktop and select Properties gt Appearance gt Effects on Windows XP or Windows Server 2003 or Properties gt Effects on Windows 2000 2 Deselect the Use transition effects for menus and tool tips check box Disabling Visual Effects in Windows 98 Windows 98 visual effects place unnecessary demands on graphics emulation in VMware Server You might see performance improvements if you turn off these effects VMware Inc RC DRAFT 273 VMware Server User s Guide 274 To disable visual effects 1 Right click the guest operating system desktop and select Properties 2 Click the Effects tab 3 Deselect the Animate windows menus and lists check box 4 Optional If Show window contents while dragging is selected deselect it Configuring Swap File Usage in Windows 95 and Windows 98 You can configure Windows 95 and Windows 98 systems not to use swap files until there is no more available RAM In your system ini file in
58. does not forward the request Network connections that are initiated from outside the NAT network are not transparent However it is possible to configure port forwarding manually on the NAT device so network traffic destined for a certain port can still be forwarded automatically to a virtual machine on the NAT network For details see Advanced NAT Configuration on page 242 File sharing of the type used by Windows operating systems and Samba is possible among computers on the NAT network including virtual machines and the host computer If you are using WINS servers on your network a virtual machine using NAT networking can access shared files and folders on the host that are known by the WINS server so long as those shared files and folders are in the same workgroup or domain Advanced NAT Configuration Read the section that corresponds to your host operating system for information about configuring NAT for your virtual machines Windows Hosts Configure the NAT device using the virtual network editor from the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks then select NAT You can stop restart and start the virtual NAT device by clicking the appropriate button The VMnet host setting lets you select which virtual network uses the NAT device You can select Disable if you do not want to use NAT on any virtual network To edit NAT settings for a virtual network select it from the dr
59. files associated with the virtual disk Before you perform the procedure in this topic make sure that the following prerequisites are met m VMware Tools is installed in the guest operating system m The host system has free disk space equal to the size of the virtual disk you plan to shrink m The disk space is not preallocated for the virtual disk If the disk space is preallocated you cannot shrink the disk Click the hard disk and select Edit to determine how disk space is allocated m The virtual machine does not have a snapshot For information about how to remove an existing snapshot see Removing a Snapshot on page 191 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 141 VMware Server User s Guide 142 If the virtual disk is an independent disk it must be persistent See Disk Mode Settings on page 136 NOTE The shrink process applies to all virtual disks even if you do not prepare all the virtual disks in a virtual machine for shrinking To shrink a virtual disk 1 Launch the VMware Tools control panel m Fora Windows guest double click the VMware Tools icon in the notification area of the taskbar If the icon is not available select Start gt Settings gt Control Panel and double click VMware Tools m Fora Linux Solaris or FreeBSD guest open a terminal window become root and run vmware toolbox If you shrink disks as a nonroot user you cannot wipe the parts of the virtual disk that require root le
60. getting a desktop and not using xdm kdm or gdm you must start the VMware User process manually You must also start vmware user manually after you update to a new version of VMware Tools To start the VMware User process manually if you do not use a session manager Do one of the following m To have vmware user start when you start an X session add vmware user to the appropriate X startup script such as the xsession or xinitrc file The vmware user program is located in the directory where you selected to install binary programs which defaults to usr bin The startup script that needs to be modified depends on your particular system m To start vmware user after a VMware Tools software update or if you notice certain features are not working open a terminal window and enter the following command vmware user Updating VMware Tools 86 Because VMware Tools installers ISO images are installed with VMware Server when you update to a new version of VMware Server a check is performed to determine if a new version of VMware Tools is available When you update from an earlier version of VMware Tools the previous version of VMware Tools might be uninstalled The guest operating system checks for VMware Tools updates only when you power on a virtual machine It compares its version of VMware Tools against the version that is installed on the host For VMware Tools updates on Linux and Windows guests you can set the guest t
61. have enabled Specifically you might have to disable the third party Leak Monitor add on before you install the VMware Remote Console add on Virtual Machine Specifications The following sections describe the devices supported by VMware Server virtual machines Processor m Same processor as the host computer m One virtual processor on a host system with one or more logical processors m Two virtual processors two way virtual symmetric multiprocessing or Virtual SMP on a host system with at least two logical processors The following are all considered to have two logical processors m A multiprocessor host with two or more physical CPUs m Asingle processor host with a multicore CPU m Asingle processor host with hyperthreading enabled See Using Two Way Virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing on page 270 Chip Set m Intel 440BX based motherboard m NS338 SIO m 82093AA IOAPIC BIOS PhoenixBIOS 4 0 Release 6 with VESA BIOS 28 RC D RAFT VMware Inc Introduction and System Requirements Memory m Up to 8GB depending on host memory virtual machine hardware version and guest operating system support m Total memory available for all virtual machines is limited only by the amount of memory on the host computer Graphics m VGA m SVGA IDE Drives Up to four devices Any of these devices can be a virtual hard disk or CD DVD drive IDE virtual disks up to 950GB CD DVD drive can be a physical device on the host or client
62. in the following format to the dhcpd configuration file subnet lt net gt 0 netmask 255 255 255 0 lt net gt is the network number assigned to your host only network for example 192 168 0 This configuration file entry informs dhcpd about the host only network and tells it explicitly not to respond to any DHCP requests it sees coming from it An alternative solution is to explicitly state the set of network interfaces that you want dhcpd to listen to each time you start the program For example if your machine has one Ethernet interface eth0 then each time you start dhcpd list it on the command line dhcpd etho This keeps dhcpd from probing for all available network interfaces If the above solutions do not work for your DHCP server program then it likely is old You can try upgrading to a more current version such as the DHCP software available from the ISC Web site at www isc org DHCP and Dynamic Domain Name Service DDNS DHCP can be used to hand out IP addresses as well as other information such as the identity of a host running a name server and the nearest router or gateway The DHCP server in VMware Server does not provide a means to dynamically establish a relationship between the IP address it assigns and a client s name that is to update a DNS server using DDNS If you want to use names to communicate with other virtual machines you must either edit the DHCP configuration file for VMnet1 etc vmware vmn
63. initiates the network connection This is true for most client applications such as Web browsing Telnet passive mode FTP and downloading streaming video Additional protocol support has been built into the NAT device to allow FTP and ICMP echo ping to work completely transparently through the NAT On the external network to which the host is connected any virtual machine on the NAT network appears to be the host itself because its network traffic uses the host s IP address It is able to send and receive data using TCP IP to any machine that is accessible from the host Before any such communication can occur the NAT device must set up a mapping between the virtual machine s address on the private NAT network and the host s network address on the external network When a virtual machine initiates a network connection with another network resource this mapping is created automatically The operation is perfectly transparent to the user of the virtual machine on the NAT network No additional work needs to be done to let the virtual machine access the external network VMware Inc RC DRAFT 241 VMware Server User s Guide 242 The same cannot be said for network connections that are initiated from the external network to a virtual machine on the NAT network When a machine on the external network attempts to initiate a connection with a virtual machine on the NAT network it cannot reach the virtual machine because the NAT device
64. is taken you can no longer defragment the original disk If you run a defragmentation utility in the guest system when a snapshot exists VMware Server makes all its changes to the redo log rather than the original disk Every sector that changes is copied to the virtual machine redo log The redo log becomes extremely large when the disk is heavily fragmented and you attempt to defragment the disk after taking a snapshot RC DRAFT VMware Inc Performance Tuning for VMware Server Disabling Debugging Mode You can configure virtual machines to record debugging or statistics information However recording debugging information degrades performance significantly During normal use make sure that the virtual machine is not recording debugging information For information about how to enable and disable the recording of runtime information see Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 Disabling CD DVD Drive Polling Many Windows operating systems poll the CD DVD drive approximately every second to see whether a disc is present allowing them to run autorun programs When this polling occurs the virtual machine might to appear to pause while VMware Server connects to the host CD DVD drive and the host drive spins up If you have a CD DVD drive that takes a long time to spin up you can eliminate these pauses using either of the following methods m Disable polling in your guest operating system Specific instructions
65. m Roles A role is a named collection of privileges that can be assigned to users and groups A role is a collection of pre defined privileges that controls user or group access to particular VMware Server objects VMware Server provides system roles listed in Table 10 1 System Roles on page 196 You can also create and manage user defined roles m Permissions A permission is a rule that determines access control It specifies which role set of privileges is granted to a user or group The role and a user or group name make a pair This pair is assigned to a VMware Server object You can choose whether or not the permission is propagated to the child objects in the inventory hierarchy Figure 10 1 Permission inventory object Managing Users A user is an individual authorized to log in to VMware Server Users can access VMware Server using VI Web Access the vmrun command the VIX API or a third party client 194 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing Roles and Permissions To create remove or modify users on a VMware Server system use the mechanisms provided by the host operating system Users removed from a VMware Server host lose access to all VMware Server objects and will not be able to log on again Users that are logged in when they are removed from the host retain their VMware Server permissions only until the next validation period the default is every 24 hours VI Web Access displays a list of existing
66. machines and run programs in the guest operating systems Additional language bindings are available for Perl COM and shell scripts vmrun For more information see the VMware VIX API Release Notes To launch the vmrun application from the command prompt enter vmrun COMMAND OPTION On Linux vmrun is in the directory for VIX API binary files typically usr bin Before using the vmrun command on a Windows host you must do one of the following m Change your working directory to the VMware Server directory The default location is c Program Files VMware VMware Server m Add the VMware VIX directory to the system path On Windows 2000 Server you can change this setting from the Windows control panel RC DRAFT VMware Inc VMware Inc Running Virtual Machines Control Panel gt System gt Advanced gt Environment Variables gt System variables gt Path VMCI Sockets interface This feature is a sockets interface for the Virtual Machine Communication Interface which provides a faster means of communication among applications running on the host and in virtual machines This feature is well suited for developers who want to write client server applications For more information see the VMCI Sockets Programming Guide To allow a virtual machine to communicate with other virtual machines and applications on the host you must add the vmci0 unrestricted configuration file parameter and set it to TRUE as described i
67. machines 150 connecting and disconnecting in VMware Remote Console 125 connecting and disconnecting in VMware Tools 90 disconnecting USB 157 using USB in virtual machines 154 Devices menu VMware Remote Console 125 Devices tab VMware Tools 90 DHCP assigning IP addresses on a virtual network 222 changing settings 218 configuring in virtual network editor 261 configuring on a Linux host 223 configuring on a Windows host 223 on a virtual network with NAT 240 server on virtual network 209 210 servers 205 troubleshooting on a Linux host 228 DHCP tab in virtual network editor 261 dhcpd 228 dial up connections 225 direct memory access See DMA disconnecting CD DVD drives 125 floppy drives 125 floppy image files 125 ISO image files 125 USB devices 157 disk space RC DRAFT required on host computer 24 disks defragmenting 140 DMA and performance 274 growable 60 136 IDE drives in virtual machines 29 IDE drives supported in host 24 preallocated 60 136 SCSI drives in virtual machines 29 SCSI drives supported in host 24 shrinking 140 types supported in host 24 DMA and disk performance 274 275 DNS 241 drivers BusLogic SCSI 61 LSI Logic SCSI 61 video in older versions of Windows 75 DVD drives optical drives supported in host 25 supported in virtual machines 144 See also CD DVD drives dynamic domain name service 228 E editing CD DVD drives 146 floppy drives 149 generic SCSI devices 151 hard disks 13
68. machines are started and shut down automatically but not in a specific order The virtual machines in this category do not start or shut down until all the virtual machines listed in the Specified Order list are started or shut down m Manual Startup These virtual machines are not started automatically when the host is brought up When the host is shut down these virtual machines are shut down according to the shutdown action indicated 3 Click OK to save your settings Customizing the Startup and Shutdown Settings for Individual Virtual Machines You can override the system wide settings for the delay between each virtual machine s startup and shutdown for individual virtual machines 110 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing VMware Server You can change the startup settings for virtual machines that are started automatically but not for virtual machines that are started manually You can change the shutdown settings for any virtual machine To override system wide settings for individual virtual machines 1 Make sure that system wide settings are enabled See Enabling System Wide Startup and Shutdown Settings on page 109 2 Select the virtual machine for which you want to override the system settings and click Edit 3 Optional To override the default system setting for startup select Use specified settings and change one or both of the following m Startup Delay Enter the amount of time in seconds to wait after a vir
69. memory management capabilities of the virtual machine running on an ESX system m Hgfs VMware shared folders driver The shared folders feature is not supported in VMware Server Recommended if you plan to use this virtual machine with VMware Workstation or another product that supports shared folders For example to install everything but the shared folders driver type the following on the command line msiexec i D VMware Tools msi ADDLOCAL ALL REMOVE Hgfs qn The SVGA Mouse BusLogic VMXnet and MemCtl features are children of the Drivers feature This means that the following command skips installation of the SVGA mouse BusLogic vmxnet and MemCt1 drivers msiexec i D VMware Tools msi ADDLOCAL ALL REMOVE Drivers qn RC DRAFT m VMware Server User s Guide 78 To include a feature use it with the ADDLOCAL option To exclude a feature use it with the REMOVE option Installing VMware Tools in a Linux Guest System On a Linux guest you can install VMware Tools within X or from the command line Installing VMware Tools in a Linux Guest Within X Using the RPM Installer You can use a graphical user interface to install VMware Tools in a Linux guest For information about how to install VMware Tool from the command line see Installing VMware Tools from the Command Line with the Tar or RPM Installer on page 79 Before you begin make sure that the virtual machine is powered on and the guest operating sys
70. networking NetBIOS network basic input output system An API that enables applications on different computers to communicate across a LAN NetBIOS provides the name service and offers two communication modes session service for connection oriented communication and datagram distribution service for connectionless communication NIC network interface card An expansion board that provides a dedicated connection between a computer and a network Also called a network adapter VMware Inc O P Glossary nonpersistent mode A disk mode in which all disk writes issued by software running inside a virtual machine appear to be written to the independent disk but are in fact discarded after the virtual machine is powered off As a result a virtual disk or physical disk in independent nonpersistent mode is not modified by activity in the virtual machine See also disk mode persistent mode permission A data object consisting of an authorization role a user or group name and a managed entity reference A permission allows a specified user to access the entity such as a virtual machine with any of the privileges pertaining to the role persistent mode A disk mode in which all disk writes issued by software running inside a virtual machine are immediately and permanently written to a virtual disk that has been configured as an independent disk As a result a virtual disk or physical disk in independent persistent mode behaves li
71. not edit the virtual machine configuration file directly Instead use the Advanced tab of the Configure VM dialog box See Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 vmxf lt vm_name gt vmxf Supplementary virtual machine configuration file Lck lt paging_file gt vmem Lck lt redo_file gt vmdk 1ck lt disk_file gt vmdk 1ck Lock files prevent data consistency problems on virtual disks Lock files are present while a virtual machine is running and are deleted when a virtual machine is powered off normally If the host system crashes while a virtual machine is running a stale lock often remains When the virtual machine is started again it attempts to remove the stale lock To verify that the lock file is stale VMware Server confirms that m The lock was created on the same host where the virtual machine is running m The process that created the lock is not running If either of those conditions is not true a warning message appears indicating that the virtual machine cannot be powered on If you are sure it is safe to do so you can delete the lock files manually VMware Inc RC DRAFT la VMware Server User s Guide 316 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Glossary A alarm An entity that monitors one or more properties of a virtual machine such as CPU load Alarms issue notifications as directed by the configurable alarm definition authorization role A set of privileges gro
72. on Name Description Affects Object Object Create Creates a new virtual machine and HCand VC Parent Virtual allocates resources for its execution folders machine User interface element File menu folders context menu Summary tab New Virtual Machine links Move Relocates a virtual machine in the VC only Virtual Virtual hierarchy machines machines Privilege must be present at both the parent virtual source and destination folders machine folders User interface element Inventory hierarchy drag and drop in Virtual Machines amp Templates view Remove Deletes a virtual machine optionally HCand VC Virtual Virtual removes underlying files from disk machines machines User interface element File menu plus parent context menu Summary tab folders Virtual Machine Provisioning Table A 21 Virtual Machine Provisioning Privileges Pair with Effective on Privilege Name Description Affects Object Object Allow Disk Opens a disk on a virtual machine for n a Virtual Virtual Access random read and write access Used machines machines mostly for remote disk mounting No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Allow ReadOnly Opens a disk on a virtual machine for n a Virtual Virtual Disk Access random read access Used mostly for machines machines remote disk mounting No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Allow Virtual Reads files associated with a virtual HC and Virtual Root fo
73. on page 41 m Configuring VMware Server on Linux Hosts Using vmware config pl on page 43 m Uninstalling VMware Server on a Linux Host on page 44 m Upgrading from VMware Server 1 on page 44 m Where to Go Next on page 46 Installation Prerequisites Installing VMware Server is usually a simple process of running a standard installation wizard This section outlines the tasks you need to perform before starting an installation and which VMware products can be installed on the same computer as VMware Server Preparing to Install VMware Server Before you begin installation be sure you have m Compatible host Verify that the computer and host operating system meet the system requirements for running VMware Server as described in Host System Requirements on page 23 VMware Inc RC D RAFT 35 VMware Server User s Guide 36 m VMware Server installation software VMware Server is available for both Windows and Linux host computers In the packaged distribution of VMware Server the installation software files for both host platforms are included on the same CD In the electronic distribution the installation software is in the file you downloaded m VMware Server serial number Your serial number is on the registration card in your package If you obtained VMware Server online the serial number is sent by email Your serial number allows you to use VMware Server only on the host op
74. on the same host This setup is useful if you are running VMware Server on a Linux host The debugger virtual machine must be running Debugging Tools for Windows WinDbg or Kernel Debugger KD in a Windows guest operating system To prepare the target virtual machine 1 Follow the steps for the server virtual machine in Connecting Two Virtual Machines on page 164 2 When you configure the target virtual machine s virtual serial port you must select Yield CPU on poll The kernel in the target virtual machine uses the virtual serial port in polled mode not interrupt mode To prepare the debugger virtual machine 1 Make sure that you have downloaded Debugging Tools for Windows 2 Follow the steps for the client virtual machine in Connecting Two Virtual Machines on page 164 When you are ready to continue complete the following steps 1 Power on both virtual machines 2 Make sure that the serial port is connected 3 In the debugger virtual machine start debugging with WinDbg or KD Advanced Options for Debugging Applications Certain configuration options are available for serial connections between a virtual machine and the host or between two virtual machines These options are primarily of interest to developers who are using debugging tools that communicate over a serial connection Yielding CPU on Poll to Improve Performance When Debugging Windows Hosts Only When you select Yield CPU on Poll you force the
75. operating system from being compromised before you have a chance to install security software For example it is often recommended that for Windows guest operating systems you use NAT until you install antivirus software How to Set Up NAT A network address translation connection is set up automatically if you select NAT in the New Virtual Machine wizard On Linux hosts this selection is available only if you enable the NAT option when you run vmware config pl Requirements for IP Addresses If you use NAT your virtual machine does not have its own IP address on the external network Instead a separate private network is set up on the host computer Your virtual machine gets an address on that network from the VMware internal DHCP server The VMware NAT device passes network data between one or more virtual machines and the external network using a host network adapter that is visible to the host operating system It identifies incoming data packets intended for each virtual machine and sends them to the correct destination VMware Inc RC DRAFT 209 VMware Server User s Guide 210 How to Edit the Setting Later If you make some other selection in the New Virtual Machine wizard and later decide you want to use NAT you can make that change as described in Changing the Networking Configuration on page 215 For a more thorough discussion of NAT see Understanding NAT on page 239 Host Only Networking Host only net
76. options 258 custom configurations 211 DHCP 222 DHCP server 205 dial up connections 225 dynamic domain name service 228 fault tolerance 217 hardware addresses 225 host virtual network mapping 218 host only 210 host only subnet 222 IP forwarding 224 225 IP packet leaks 224 225 MAC addresses 225 managing host virtual adapters 260 mapping bridged adapters 259 NAT 208 239 NAT as firewall 247 NAT subnet 222 overview of virtual network options 203 packet filtering 225 privileges 300 promiscuous mode on a Linux host 239 refreshing virtual 215 routing between two host only networks 235 VMware Inc VMware Inc routing on a Linux host 227 Samba 249 second bridged network on a Linux host 229 switches 205 teamed NICs 218 229 token ring 209 troubleshooting DHCP on a Linux host 228 two host only networks 232 virtual adapters 206 virtual DHCP server 209 210 Virtual Network Editor 217 220 223 virtual switches 205 NFS datastores 104 NFS root squash option 104 NICS See network adapters nonpersistent virtual disks 61 NTBackup 112 NVRAM file for BIOS settings 313 O operating system installing guest 66 supported guest 31 supported Linux host 26 supported Windows host 25 Options tab VMware Tools 89 overview VI Web Access 48 P packets filtering 225 leaks in host only network 224 leaks in virtual machine 225 parallel ports Index adding 170 and lomega zip drives 176 and the Lin
77. other host wide management tasks see Chapter 6 Managing VMware Server on page 101 Tasks Displays tasks that are performed by users in the VMware Server host See Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Tasks on page 55 Events Displays events that occurred in the VMware Server host See Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Events on page 56 Virtual Machines Displays high level information about the all the virtual machines in the inventory including processor and memory utilization when the virtual machine is powered on From this tab you can create a virtual machine add a virtual machine to the inventory and delete or perform power operations on a selected virtual machine See Adding a Virtual Machine to the Inventory on page 102 and Performing Power Operations on Virtual Machines on page 103 RC DRAFT ii VMware Server User s Guide Permissions Displays and allows you to configure permissions for the host See Chapter 10 Managing Roles and Permissions on page 193 Using the Virtual Machine Workspace 50 When a virtual machine is selected in the Inventory panel the workspace displays information about the virtual machine divided into tabs Summary Displays performance and status information You can view a summary of the virtual machine s state including information about virtual devices and configuration options From this tab you can modify the selected vi
78. power state on off or suspended If the virtual hard disks are not set to independent mode a snapshot also includes the state of the data on all the virtual machine s disks You can take a snapshot when a virtual machine is powered on powered off or suspended See also independent disk suspend To save the current state of a running virtual machine To return a suspended virtual machine to operation use the resume feature See also resume user A user is a principal known to the system virtual disk A file or set of files that appears as a physical disk drive to a guest operating system These files can be on the host machine or on a remote file system See also growable disk preallocated disk virtual hardware The devices that make up a virtual machine The virtual hardware includes the virtual disk removable devices such as the CD DVD and floppy drives and the virtual Ethernet adapter virtual machine A virtualized x86 PC environment in which a guest operating system and associated application software can run Multiple virtual machines can operate on the same host machine concurrently virtual machine administrator A role in which the user is allowed to perform all the virtual machine management functions VMware Inc Glossary virtual machine configuration The specification of which virtual devices such as disks and memory are present in a virtual machine and how they are mapped to host files and devices vi
79. run any virtual machine on a Windows or Linux PC VMware Player runs virtual machines created by VMware Workstation VMware Server or ESX Server and also supports Microsoft virtual machines and Symantec Backup Exec System Recovery disk formats VMware Inc 323 Workstation User s Manual VMware Remote Console VMware Remote Console enables you to interact with the guest operating system running in a virtual machine from the host or a remote client system VMware Remote Console also allows you to connect and disconnect client CD DVD and floppy devices See also VI Web Access VMware Infrastructure Web Access VMware Tools A suite of utilities and drivers that enhances the performance and functionality of your guest operating system Key features of VMware Tools include some or all of the following depending on your guest operating system an SVGA driver a mouse driver the VMware Tools control panel and support for such features as shrinking virtual disks time synchronization with the host VMware Tools scripts and connecting and disconnecting devices while the virtual machine is running 324 VMware Inc VMware Inc Index A About menu option VI Web Access 53 About tab VMware Tools 92 acceleration enabling and disabling in guest 121 272 hardware in Windows Server 2003 274 access inventory objects 193 permissions 198 privileges 289 rules for inheritance 200 rules for propagation 200 Add Hardware wizard adding
80. s Guide Additional Host Operating System Support Newly supported host operating systems include the following Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 5 5 0 and 5 1 Ubuntu Linux 6 10 Edgy 7 04 Fiesty 7 10 Gutsy and 8 04 Hardy SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 and 10 SP1 For a full list of supported 32 bit and 64 bit host operating systems see Host System Requirements on page 23 Additional Guest Operating System Support Newly supported guest operating systems include the following Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition Windows Vista Business Edition and Ultimate Edition Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 5 5 0 and 5 1 Ubuntu Linux 6 10 Edgy 7 04 Fiesty 7 10 Gutsy and 8 04 Hardy SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 and 10 SP1 See Supported Guest Operating Systems on page 31 Improved 64 Bit Guest Support 64 bit guest operating systems that run on Intel EM64T VT capable and AMD64 revision D or later processors are supported See Processor Support for 64 Bit Guest Operating Systems on page 34 64 Bit Sound Driver VMware Tools installs a sound driver in 64 bit Windows guest operating systems Newly created 64 bit Windows virtual machines are now configured with audio hardware by default See Sound on page 31 Native 64 Bit Host Support on Linux VMware Server now runs natively on 64 bit Linux ho
81. select Connect at power on the default 4 Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings 5 Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard Editing a Virtual Sound Adapter You can edit the sound adapter to change the connection type and whether it is connected at power on To edit an existing sound adapter 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 Inthe Hardware section of the Summary tab click the sound adapter to modify and select Edit 158 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware 3 Optional To connect this virtual machine to the network when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on 4 Select the physical sound adapter on the host machine or select Auto Detect to detect the sound adapter automatically 5 Click OK to save your changes Removing a Sound Adapter from a Virtual Machine You can remove the sound adapter from a virtual machine if you no longer want to use the host system s sound device To remove an existing sound adapter 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off 3 Onthe Summary tab click the sound adapter and select Remove 4 A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the device If you want to remove it click Yes The device is removed Configuring Serial Ports You can configure a se
82. select Connect at power on to have the drive connect to the virtual machine when you power on In the Connection section specify whether to connect to a physical drive or toa floppy image Select Physical Drive Floppy Image or New Floppy Image m If you select Physical Drive select a physical drive on the host system from the drop down menu m Ifyou select Floppy Image click Browse to navigate to a file with the flp extension in an existing datastore To enter the path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_ fi lename flp m Ifyou select New Floppy Image click Browse to navigate to a new blank floppy image file with the flp extension in an existing datastore To enter the path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_ fi lename flp Click OK to save your changes RC DRAFT 1 VMware Server User s Guide Removing a Floppy Drive from a Virtual Machine You can remove a floppy drive from a virtual machine if you no longer want to use that device in the virtual machine To remove an existing floppy drive 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off 3 In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the floppy drive and select Remove 4 A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the device If you want to remove it click Yes The device is removed Configuring Passthrough Generic
83. setting time synchronization to TRUE on a Linux guest vmware guestd cmd vmx set_option synctime 0 1 The new setting is written to the tools syncTime property in the virtual machine s configuration vmx file Using this option is equivalent to using the time synchronization option on the Options tab of the VMware Tools control panel To use commands other than cmd use the help command line command RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing VMware Server This chapter describes how to perform host wide configuration tasks including managing your virtual machine inventory and datastores and configuring global memory snapshot and virtual machine startup and shutdown settings It also describes Windows host features for backing up virtual machines using the Volume Shadow Copy Service VSS and logging VMware Server events in the Event Viewer To perform host management operations you must have the required permissions For information about managing individual virtual machines see Chapter 7 Running Virtual Machines on page 115 For information about configuring VMware Server networking see Chapter 11 Configuring a Virtual Network on page 203 This chapter covers the following topics m Managing the Virtual Machine Inventory on page 101 m Managing Datastores on page 103 m Editing Host Wide Memory and Snapshot Settings on page 106 m Configuring Virtual Machine Startup and Shutdown Sett
84. similar to the following mount cdrom Some FreeBSD distributions automatically mount CD ROMs If your distribution uses automounting skip this step Change to a working directory by entering a command such as the following cd tmp Untar the VMware Tools tar file tar zxpf cdrom vmware freebsd tools tar gz If necessary unmount the VMware Tools virtual CD ROM image by entering a command similar to the following umount cdrom If your distribution uses automounting skip this step Run the VMware Tools installer cd vmware tools distrib vmware instal1 pL Log out of the root account exit Optional Start your graphical environment In an X terminal to start the VMware User process enter the following command vmware user Optional To start the VMware Tools control panel enter the following command RC DRAFT sii VMware Server User s Guide 84 vmware toolbox amp In minimal installations of the FreeBSD 4 5 guest operating system sometimes VMware Tools does not start See Install the Missing FreeBSD Library on page 84 To change the default VMware Tools configuration options see Using the VMware Tools Control Panel on page 88 You can run VMware Tools as root or as a normal user To shrink virtual disks or change VMware Tools scripts you must run VMware Tools as root Install the Missing FreeBSD Library If VMware Tools does not start after you install it you might need to install
85. support your host machine must support USB 2 0 m Supports most devices including USB printers scanners PDAs hard disk drives memory card readers and digital cameras as well as streaming devices such as webcams speakers and microphones Keyboard 104 key Windows 95 98 enhanced Mouse and Drawing Tablets m PS 2 mouse m Serial tablets m USB tablets Ethernet Card m Up to 10 virtual Ethernet cards in hardware version 6 and 7 virtual machines m AMD PCnet PCI II compatible m For 64 bit guests Intel Pro 1000 MT Server Adapter compatible 30 RC D RAFT VMware Inc Introduction and System Requirements Virtual Networking m Support for 10 virtual network switches on Windows host operating systems Support for 255 virtual network switches on Linux hosts Three switches are configured by default for bridged host only and NAT networking m Support for most Ethernet based protocols including TCP IP Microsoft Networking Samba Novell Netware and Network File System NFS m Built in NAT supports client software using TCP IP FTP DNS HTTP and Telnet including VPN support for PPTP over NAT Sound m Sound output and input on host system only m Emulates Creative Labs Sound Blaster AudioPCI MIDI input game controllers and joysticks are not supported except for USB devices Supported Guest Operating Systems VMware is continually adding support for new guest operating systems and new versions and updates of
86. system m Click Use an ISO Image to connect the virtual machine s drive to an ISO image file on the host system Click Next Do one of the following on the Properties page m Ifyou selected Use a Physical Drive specify the drive to use m Ifyou selected Use an ISO Image click Browse to navigate to a file with the so extension in an existing datastore To enter the path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_filename iso Optional To have the drive connect to the virtual machine when you power on select Connect at power on the default Optional In the Virtual Device Node section select an adapter and device node from the drop down menus For more information see Choosing a Device Type for the CD DVD Drive on page 144 Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard RC DRAFT 14 VMware Server User s Guide Editing a Virtual CD DVD Drive When you edit a CD DVD drive you can modify the connection status and which physical drive or ISO image file to connect to When the virtual machine is powered off you can also modify the virtual device node To edit an existing CD DVD drive 1 2 6 146 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the CD DVD drive to modify and select Edit Select Host Media to configu
87. system or an ISO image file SCSI Devices m Up to 60 devices Any of these devices can be a virtual hard disk or CD DVD drive m SCSI virtual disks up to 950GB m LSI Logic LSI53C10xx Ultra320 SCSI I O controller For Windows XP guest systems this requires an add on driver from the LSI Logic Web site For more information see the VMware Guest Operating System Installation Guide at http pubs vmware com guestnotes m Mylex BusLogic BT 958 compatible host bus adapter For Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 guest systems this requires an add on driver from the VMware Web site For more information see the VMware Guest Operating System Installation Guide at http pubs vmware com guestnotes PCI Slots Six virtual PCI slots can be divided among the virtual SCSI controllers virtual Ethernet cards virtual display adapter and virtual sound adapter VMware Inc RC DRAFT sii VMware Server User s Guide Floppy Drives m Up to two 1 44MB floppy devices m Physical drives or floppy image files Serial COM Ports m Up to four serial COM ports m Output to serial ports host operating system files or named pipes Parallel LPT Ports m Up to three bidirectional parallel LPT ports Output to parallel ports or host operating system files USB Ports m USB 2 0 support is available only for VMware products that support virtual machine hardware versions 6 and 7 such as VMware Server 2 and Workstation 6 m For USB 2 0
88. system can swap to disk To configure the amount of additional virtual machine memory that can be swapped 1 Select the host in the Inventory panel 2 Inthe Commands section of the host Summary tab click Edit Host Settings 3 Inthe Additional Memory section select one of the following options VMware Inc RC DRAFT 107 VMware Server User s Guide 108 m Fit all virtual machine memory into reserved host RAM Strictly applies the reserved memory limit This setting imposes the tightest restrictions on the number and memory size of virtual machines that can run at a given time Because the virtual machines are running entirely in RAM they have the best possible performance Allow some virtual machine memory to be swapped Allows the host operating system to swap a moderate amount of virtual machine memory to disk if necessary This setting allows you to increase the number or memory size of virtual machines that can run on the host system at a given time It might also result in reduced performance if virtual machine memory must be swapped between RAM and disk Allow most virtual machine memory to be swapped Allows the host operating system to swap the maximum amount of virtual machine memory to disk This setting allows you to run more virtual machines and use more memory than the moderate setting does Performance might be further decreased if virtual machine memory must be swapped between RAM and disk 4 Click OK
89. the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the serial port and select Remove A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the device If you want to remove it click Yes The device is removed Serial Port General Usage Examples A VMware Server virtual machine can use up to four virtual serial ports You can configure virtual serial ports in the following ways Connect a virtual serial port to a physical serial port on the host system Connect a virtual serial port to a file on the host system Connect a virtual machine with an application running on the host system Connect two virtual machines on the same host system This section provides specific examples of the latter two configurations Connecting a Virtual Machine with an Application on the Host System You can configure a virtual serial port to connect to an application on the host system For example you can capture debugging information sent from the virtual machine s serial port to an application on the host VMware Inc RC DRAFT ue VMware Server User s Guide 164 To connect a virtual serial port and an application on the host 1 10 11 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Serial Port For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 Click Use Named Pipe On the Properties page enter the path and filename for the pipe Depending on the
90. the default action is to shut down the guest before powering off the virtual machine RC DRAFT VMware Inc Running Virtual Machines 4 Optional Select the default suspend option for the virtual machine Settings for suspending virtual machines include Suspend and Suspend Guest When VMware Tools is not installed the default action is to suspend the virtual machine without suspending the guest When VMware Tools is installed the default action is to suspend the guest before suspending the virtual machine 5 Optional Select the default reboot option for the virtual machine Settings for rebooting virtual machines include Reset and Restart Guest When VMware Tools is not installed the default action is to reset the virtual machine without shutting down the guest When VMware Tools is installed the default action is to shut down the guest before resetting the virtual machine 6 Optional In the VMware Tools Scripts section select one or more check boxes to run a VMware Tools script After powering on After resuming Before suspending and Before powering off See How VMware Tools Scripts Affect Power States on page 93 7 Optional In the BIOS Setup section select Enter the BIOS setup screen the next time the virtual machine boots if you want to go directly to the BIOS setup screen the next time the virtual machine is powered on After the next power on this setting is deselected 8 Optional In the Advanced section s
91. the proper modules for the parallel port are loaded at boot time add this line to the etc modules conf or etc conf modules file alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc Linux kernels in the 2 6 x series also use a special arbitrator that allows access to the parallel port hardware If the parallel port is in use by the host the guest cannot use it If a virtual machine is using the parallel port the host and any users accessing the host are not given access to the device VMware Server puts a lock on the device and this lock restricts access so that only the virtual machine can use the port VMware Inc RC DRAFT a VMware Server User s Guide Device Permissions Some Linux distributions do not grant the virtual machine access to the 1p and parport devices by default In most of these cases the owner of the device is root and the associated group is lp To allow the VMware user to access the device add the user to the associated group To view the owner and group of the device run this command ls la dev parporte The third and fourth columns of the output show the owner and group respectively To add the user to the device group edit the etc group file On the line beginning with 1p which defines the lp group add the VMware Server user s user name You must make this change as the root user The following line provides an example for a user whose user name is userj lp 7 daemon lp userj The next time the user logs on to
92. the task was performed Name The name of the task such as Power on this Virtual Machine Triggered By Entity that triggered the event such as Administrator Select a task and click View Details to see additional information The additional fields are described in the following table VMware Inc RC D RAFT 55 VMware Server User s Guide Field Description Task ID The identifier for the type of task Target The host or virtual machine name Triggered at The time that the task was requested Completed at The time that the task was completed Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Events When you click the Events tab for the host or a virtual machine VI Web Access displays event information for that host or virtual machine in the workspace The Events tab displays a sorted log of the most recent host or virtual machine transactions such as adding a new role and other events like power operations You can sort events by clicking the column headers By default events appear in reverse chronological order The Events tab fields are described in the following table Field Description Triggered Date and time the event occurred Severity Indicates the warning level such as Information or Alert Description Text explanation of the event Select an event and click View Details to see additional information The additional fields are described in the following table Field Description O
93. to which the host operating system s memory manager can swap virtual machines out of physical RAM These settings affect both virtual machine and overall system performance See Configuring Host Wide Virtual Machine Memory Usage on page 267 Reserving Host Memory for All Virtual Machines You can set the amount of host RAM that VMware Server is allowed to reserve for all running virtual machines To configure the amount of reserved memory for all virtual machines 1 Select the host in the Inventory panel 2 Inthe Commands section of the host Summary tab click Edit Host Settings 3 Inthe Reserved Memory section enter a value for the Size The minimum and maximum settings are displayed If you enter too high a value the host might perform poorly when other applications are running on the host If you enter too low a value virtual machines might perform poorly and you cannot run as many virtual machines at once For more information see Reserving Host Memory for Virtual Machine Use on page 267 4 Click OK or continue to the next section to configure additional host memory settings Configuring Additional Memory for Swapping VMware Server limits the number of virtual machines that can run at the same time based on the amount of memory reserved for all running virtual machines To adjust the number of virtual machines that can be run or their total memory usage specify the amount of virtual machine memory that the host operating
94. users that you can select from when you configure permissions Managing Groups A group is a set of users that you want to manage through a common set of rules You can efficiently manage users that require the same privileges by creating groups Using groups can significantly reduce the time it takes to set up your permissions model To create remove or modify groups on a VMware Server system use the mechanisms provided by the host operating system Group membership is checked each time a user logs in The groups are retrieved either from the Windows domain for VMware Server running on Windows or from the Linux operating system group list for VMware Server running on Linux When you grant privileges on an object to a group they apply to all the users in the group VI Web Access displays a list of existing groups that you can select from when you assign permissions Managing Roles Roles are anamed collection of privileges VMware Server grants access to objects only to users that have permissions for the object By pairing a user or group witha role you grant the user or group access rights to the object VMware Server provides built in system roles The privileges associated with system roles cannot be changed You can also create user defined roles These roles can be modified renamed or removed Table 10 1 lists the predefined system roles VMware Inc RC DRAFT 195 VMware Server User s Guide 196 Table 10 1 Sy
95. uses the virtual serial port in polled mode not interrupt mode For more information see Yielding CPU on Poll to Improve Performance When Debugging Windows Hosts Only on page 168 Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard To add an output file serial port to the virtual machine 1 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Serial Port For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 Click Use Output File to send the output of an application running in the guest system to a file on the host system On the Properties page enter the path and filename for the output file or click Browse to navigate to a file in an existing datastore To enter the path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_filename Optional To connect to the host s output file when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on the default Optional on Windows hosts only Expand I O Mode to select Yield CPU on poll which is deselected by default The kernel in the target virtual machine uses the virtual serial port in polled mode not interrupt mode For more information see Yielding CPU on Poll to Improve Performance When Debugging Windows Hosts Only on page 168 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machi
96. virtual machine s memory m Configuration state Virtual machine settings Disk state State of the virtual machine s virtual disks NOTE The state of independent disks is not preserved when you take a snapshot See Excluding Virtual Disks from Snapshots on page 189 When you revert to a snapshot you return the virtual machine s memory settings and disks to the state they were in when you took the snapshot If you want the virtual machine to be suspended powered on or powered off when you launch it be sure it is in the state you want when you take the snapshot Activities That Conflict with Snapshots When you take a snapshot be aware of other activity going on in the virtual machine and the likely impact of reverting to that snapshot In general it is best to take a snapshot when no applications in the virtual machine are communicating with other computers The potential for problems is greatest if the virtual machine is communicating with another computer especially in a production environment Consider a case in which you take a snapshot while the virtual machine is downloading a file from a server on the network After you take the snapshot the virtual machine continues downloading the file communicating its progress to the server If you revert to the snapshot communications between the virtual machine and the server are lost and the file transfer fails Or consider a case in which you take a snapshot wh
97. vmware config pl configuration program requires all virtual machines to be shut down The program shuts down any running virtual machines automatically If You Are Already Running Samba If you already have Samba running on your Linux host do not install the VMware Server Samba server when you are installing VMware Server on your host The configuration program prompts you Do you want this script to automatically configure your system to allow your virtual machines to access the host file system Answer no Be sure to modify your Samba configuration so it includes the IP subnet used by the VMware Server virtual network adapter VMnet1 To determine what subnet is being used by VMnet1 run sbin ifconfig vmnet1 You must be sure the Samba password file includes entries for all users of the virtual machine who will access the host s file system The user names and passwords in the Samba password file must be the same as those used for logging on to the guest operating system You can add user names and passwords to the Samba password file at any time from a terminal window on your Linux host computer VMware Inc RC DRAFT 255 VMware Server User s Guide 256 To add user names and passwords to the Samba password file from a Linux host 1 Log on to the root account su 2 Run the Samba password command smbpasswd a lt username gt lt username gt is the user name you want to add Follow the onscreen instructions 3 Lo
98. yes to the following question Do you want networking for your Virtual Machines yes no help yes Otherwise answer no to remove all networking If you answer yes to use networking the script prompts you to select the wizard or editor to edit your network configuration Select editor This is the only way to delete virtual network adapters without removing all of them Would you prefer to modify your existing networking configuration using the wizard or the editor wizard editor help wizard editor You see a list of virtual networks that have been configured Select the network corresponding to the adapter you wish to disable The following virtual networks have been defined vmnet is bridged to etho vmnetl is a host only network on subnet 172 16 155 0 vmnet8 is NAT network on a private subnet 172 16 107 0 Which virtual network do you wish to configure 0 99 1 You might be prompted to keep this virtual network If you are sure you want to remove it answer yes to the question The network vmnet1 has been reserved for a host only network You may change it but it is highly recommended that you use it as a host only network Are you sure you want to modify it yes no no yes When prompted about the type of virtual network select none to remove the virtual network What type of virtual network do you wish to set vmnet1 bridged hostonly nat none hostonly none RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide
99. you want to be able to use host only networking in your virtual machines Select yes The wizard reports on host only networks that you have already set up on the host or if no host only network is present configures the first one The wizard asks Do you wish to configure another host only network Select yes Repeat this step until you have as many host only networks as you want Then answer no Complete the remaining steps in the wizard When the wizard is finished it restarts all services used by VMware Server Run ifconfig You should see at least four network interfaces eth0 lo vmnet1 and vmnet2 If the VMnet interfaces do not display immediately wait for a minute and run the command again These four interfaces should have different IP address on separate subnets Configuring the Virtual Machines Now you have two host only interfaces VMnet1 and VMnet2 You are ready to set up your virtual machines for one of the following configurations VMware Inc The virtual machine is configured with one virtual network adapter and that virtual adapter is connected to the default host only interface VMnet 1 The virtual machine is configured with one virtual network adapter and that virtual adapter is connected to the newly created host only interface VMnet2 RC DRAFT 233 VMware Server User s Guide 234 The virtual machine is configured with two virtual network adapters One virtual adapter is connect
100. 386 rpm umount dev cdrom Where lt xxxx gt is the build number of the product release If your Linux distribution automatically mounted the CD ROMs you do not need to use the unmount portion of the command If you attempt to install an RPM installation over a tar installation or the reverse the installer detects the previous installation and must convert the installer database format before continuing Configure VMware Tools RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools Depending on whether you are using the tar installer or the RPM installer do one of the following m For the tar installer enter the following commands to run the installer cd vmware tools distrib vmware instal1 pL Respond to the questions the command line wizard displays on the screen Press Enter to accept the default value The configuration file vmware config tools pl runs after the installer file finishes running m For the RPM installer enter the following command to run the configuration file vmware config tools pl Respond to the questions the command line wizard displays on the screen Press Enter to accept the default value 9 Log out of the root account exit 10 Optional Start your graphical environment 11 Inan X terminal to start the VMware User process enter the following command vmware user 12 Optional To start the VMware Tools control panel enter the following command vmware toolbox amp To chan
101. 9 network adapters 216 parallel ports 171 passthrough SCSI devices 151 permissions 199 roles 197 SCSI controllers 152 serial ports 162 sound adapters 158 VMware Inc VMware Inc EHCI controller 154 Ethernet adapters See network adapters events virtual machine 56 VMware Server 56 Events tab VI Web Access 56 exiting VMware Remote Console 126 extensions privileges 292 F fault tolerance in networks 217 files BIOS in virtual machines 313 redo log 314 sharing on a Linux host using Samba 249 snapshot 315 suspended state 315 used by a virtual machine 313 virtual disk 314 virtual machine configuration 315 virtual machine locking 315 virtual machine log 313 Firefox requirements for VI Web Access 27 requirements for VMware Remote Console 27 using VMware Remote Console 51 firewall 247 floppy drives adding 147 connecting and disconnecting 125 editing 149 removing 150 supported in virtual machines 30 floppy images Index adding 147 connecting and disconnecting 125 editing 149 removing 150 supported in virtual machines 30 folders privileges 293 FreeBSD VMware Tools for 82 FTP 241 full screen mode entering 124 leaving 124 G gated server processes 227 General tab VI Web Access 118 generating VMware Remote Console shortcuts 128 Web shortcuts for virtual machines 127 generic SCSI devices 150 adding 150 editing 151 removing 151 global privileges 293 graphics support in virtual
102. Bit Guest Operating Systems m Solaris x86 Platform Edition 10 update 3 update 4 Sun Solaris 32 Bit Guest Operating Systems m Solaris x86 Platform Edition 10 update 3 update 4 Novell NetWare 32 Bit Guest Operating System m NetWare 6 x Server 6 5 SP6 VMware Inc RC D RAFT 33 VMware Server User s Guide Processor Support for 64 Bit Guest Operating Systems VMware Server supports virtual machines with 64 bit guest operating systems only on host machines that have Intel EM64T VT capable or AMD64 revision D or later processors When you power on a virtual machine with a 64 bit guest operating system VMware Server performs an internal check If the host CPU is not a supported 64 bit processor you cannot power on the virtual machine VMware also provides a standalone utility that you can use without VMware Server to perform the same check and determine whether your CPU is supported for VMware Server virtual machines with 64 bit guest operating systems You can download the 64 bit processor check utility from http www vmware com download 34 RC D RAFT VMware Inc Installing VMware Server This chapter describes how to install VMware Server on your Linux or Windows host system and covers the following topics Installation Prerequisites on page 35 Installing VMware Server on a Windows Host on page 37 m m m Uninstalling VMware Server on a Windows Host on page 41 m Installing VMware Server on a Linux Host
103. CD DVD drives 144 adding floppy drives 147 adding generic SCSI devices 150 adding hard disks 138 adding network adapters 215 adding parallel ports 170 adding passthrough SCSI devices 150 adding serial ports 159 adding sound adapters 158 adding USB controllers 152 using the wizard 130 virtual machine power state 130 adding CD DVD drives 144 datastores 104 floppy drives 147 generic SCSI devices 150 hard disks 138 host virtual adapters 219 network adapters 215 parallel ports 170 passthrough SCSI devices 150 permissions 198 roles 196 serial ports 159 sound adapters 158 USB controllers 152 virtual machine to inventory 102 add on VMware Remote Console 51 addresses assigning IP 223 assigning MAC 225 assigning MAC manually 226 IP on virtual network 222 network address translation 239 using DHCP to assign on virtual network 222 Advanced tab VI Web Access 121 alarms privileges 290 assigning IP addresses 222 MAC addresses 225 ATAPI emulation 144 RC DRAFT a VMware Server User s Guide 326 audio in virtual machines 31 158 AudioPCI sound adapter 158 automatic bridging 218 259 B background snapshots enabling and disabling 108 backups restoring from snapshot 113 restoring quiesced 113 taking quiesced 111 taking using VSS 111 BIOS NVRAM file in virtual machine 313 provided in virtual machine 28 setup when virtual machine boots 119 bridged networking configuring 217 explai
104. Configuring a Virtual Network 203 VMware Inc Network Basics 203 Components of the Virtual Network 204 Virtual Network Switch 205 Internal DHCP Server 205 Virtual Network Adapter 206 Host Virtual Adapter 206 Common Networking Configurations 207 Bridged Networking 207 Network Address Translation NAT 208 Host Only Networking 210 Custom Networking Configurations 211 Changing the Networking Configuration 215 Refreshing the Network 215 Adding a Virtual Network Adapter 215 Editing a Network Adapter 216 Removing a Network Adapter 217 Configuring Bridged Networking Options on a Windows Host 217 Enabling Disabling Adding and Removing Host Virtual Adapters 219 Advanced Networking Topics 222 Selecting IP Addresses on a Host Only Network or NAT Configuration 222 Avoiding IP Packet Leakage in a Host Only Network 224 Maintaining and Changing the MAC Address of a Virtual Machine 225 Controlling Routing for a Host Only Network on a Linux Host 227 Issues with Host Only Networking on a Linux Host 227 Setting Up a Second Bridged Network Interface on a Linux Host 229 Configuring Bridged Networking When Using Teamed Network Interface Cards 229 VMware Server User s Guide 10 Setting Up Two Separate Host Only Networks 232 Routing Between Two Host Only Networks 235 Using Virtual Network Adapters in Promiscuous Mode on a Linux Host 239 Understanding NAT 239 Using NAT 240 The Host Computer and the NAT Network 240 DHCP on the NAT Network 240 D
105. Explorer shortcut creation will fail with a JavaScript error To create a VMware Remote Console desktop shortcut 1 Select the virtual machine from which to generate a desktop shortcut in the Inventory panel 2 Inthe Status section of the Summary tab click Generate Virtual Machine Shortcut 3 Inthe Desktop Shortcut section click Install Desktop Shortcut to lt Virtual Machine gt 4 Confirm that you want to create the shortcut when prompted The shortcut is created on the desktop 5 Click OK to return to the Summary tab Editing Notes in the Virtual Machine Summary Tab 128 The Notes section of the virtual machine Summary tab is an editable text field in which you can enter text up to 1000 characters to describe the virtual machine Saved notes can be viewed by other users of the virtual machine so you can use this section to communicate information about the current state of the virtual machine To enter text that appears in the Notes section 1 Select the virtual machine you want to enter notes for in the Inventory panel 2 In the Notes section of the Summary tab click Edit 3 To save your text click Save If you do not want to save your changes click Cancel RC DRAFT VMware Inc Running Virtual Machines Any saved text appears in the Notes section of the Summary tab Editing the Hardware Configuration of a Virtual Machine The Hardware section of the virtual machine Summary tab lists the virtual hardwar
106. For information about creating a custom script see Creating Scripts to Override Default VMware Tools Scripts on page 94 Shared Folders Tab VMware Server does not support this feature Shrink Tab The Shrink tab of the VMware Tools control panel provides options for reclaiming unused space in a virtual disk If your virtual machine cannot be shrunk this tab displays information explaining why you cannot shrink your virtual disks Shrinking a disk is a two step process a preparation step and the shrink step In the first step VMware Tools reclaims all unused portions of disk partitions such as deleted files and prepares them for shrinking This step takes place in the guest operating system The shrink process is the second step and it takes place outside the virtual machine The VMware application reduces the size of the disk based on the disk space reclaimed during the preparation step If the disk has empty space this process reduces the amount of space the virtual disk occupies on the host drive See Shrinking Virtual Disks on page 141 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 91 VMware Server User s Guide 92 On UNIX guests run VMware Tools as the root user su to shrink virtual disks If you shrink the virtual disk as a nonroot user you cannot prepare to shrink the parts of the virtual disk that require root level permissions About Tab The About tab displays version build number and copyright information In Windows g
107. Forwarding and complete the dialog box that appears as follows m To add anew port for either TCP or UDP click Add in the appropriate section and complete the dialog box that appears as follows m Host port Specify the number of the incoming TCP or UDP port For example incoming HTTP requests are usually on port 80 m Virtual Machine IP address field Specify the IP address of the virtual machine to which you want to forward the incoming requests m Port field on that line Specify the port number you want to use for those requests on that virtual machine This may be the standard port such as 80 for HTTP or a nonstandard port if software running in the virtual machine is configured to accept requests on a nonstandard port m Description optional Specify You might use this field to identify the service being forwarded for example HTTP m To change settings for a port already listed select its name in the list and click Properties DNS This button lets you specify servers to be used by the virtual NAT device You can change the following settings m Policy If you use multiple DNS servers specify the strategy to use for choosing which server to send a request to m Order Send one DNS request at a time in order of the name servers m Rotate Send one DNS request at a time and rotate through the DNS servers m Burst Send to three servers and wait for the first one to respond RC DRAF
108. I Web Access 50 supported guest operating systems 31 supported host operating systems Linux 26 Windows 25 suspending virtual machine files storing state 315 virtual machines 185 SVGA drivers installing in Windows guests 75 SVGA graphics support 29 swap space on a Linux host 266 switches virtual networks 205 system requirements 23 memory 24 processors 24 remote client 27 VI Web Access 27 VMware Remote Console 27 T tabs in VI Web Access 48 Index in VMware Tools control panel 88 tar installer for VMware Server 41 for VMware Tools 79 tasks privileges 304 virtual machine 55 VMware Server 55 Tasks tab VI Web Access 55 teamed network interface cards 218 229 telnet 241 time synchronization between guest and host 89 119 time synchronize options for VMware Tools 90 token ring networks 209 toolbar power operations 116 USB controller 153 tools See VMware Tools U UHCI controller 154 uninstalling host virtual adapters 219 VMware Server on Linux host 44 VMware Server on Windows host 41 VMware Tools 87 unplugging USB devices 157 updating guest operating system 68 virtual machine hardware version 69 upgrading guest operating system 68 Linux kernel reconfiguring VMware RC DRAFT a VMware Server User s Guide Server after 43 virtual machine hardware version 69 USB connecting devices 153 control of devices by host and guest 156 devices in a virtual machine 154 disconn
109. Inventory panel In the Datastores section of the Summary tab click the datastore to remove In the Commands section of the Summary tab click Remove Datastore A confirmation dialog box appears Click OK to remove the datastore The datastore no longer appears in the list of datastores Refreshing Datastores When you refresh a datastore VMware Server updates the capacity and free space available for that datastore The refresh command allows you to see changes in disk capacity and free space caused by operations performed directly on the host system These values are automatically updated when you perform VMware Server operations such as creating or deleting a virtual machine To refresh a datastore 1 2 3 Select the host in the Inventory panel In the Datastores section of the Summary tab click the datastore to refresh In the Commands section of the Summary tab click Refresh Datastore The values for capacity and free space are updated for that datastore Editing Host Wide Memory and Snapshot Settings This section describes how to configure host memory settings and whether or not snapshots are taken in the background Configuring Host Memory In addition to configuring the memory limit for each virtual machine VMware Server allows you to specify the following 106 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing VMware Server m How much of the host system s memory can be used for all running virtual machines m The extent
110. Linux practice that only root can put a network interface into promiscuous mode When you install and configure VMware Server you must run the installation as root VMware Server creates the VMnet devices with root ownership and root group ownership which means that only root has read and write permissions to the devices To set the virtual machine s network adapter to promiscuous mode you must launch VMware Server as root because you must have read and write access to the VMnet device For example if you are using bridged networking you must have access to dev vmnet To grant selected other users read and write access to the VMnet device you can create a new group add the appropriate users to the group and grant that group read and write access to the appropriate device You must make these changes on the host operating system as root su For example you can enter the following commands chgrp lt newgroup gt dev vmnetO chmod g rw dev vmnet lt newgroup gt is the group that should have the ability to set vmnet to promiscuous mode If you want all users to be able to set the virtual network Adapter dev vmnet0 in our example to promiscuous mode you can simply run the following command on the host operating system as root chmod a rw dev vmnet Understanding NAT Network address translation or NAT provides a simple way for virtual machines to use most client applications over almost any type of network conne
111. Mware Inc RC DRAFT 157 VMware Server User s Guide Windows 2000 Windows XP and most recent Linux distributions automatically detect the sound device and install appropriate drivers for it When you install VMware Tools in a 64 bit Windows Vista guest operating system a sound driver is installed For 32 bit Windows Vista guests and Windows 2003 Server guests use Windows Update to install a 32 bit driver Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows 98SE and Windows NT 4 0 do not have drivers for the Sound Blaster AudioPCI adapter To use sound in these guest operating systems download the driver from the Creative Labs Web site www creative com and install it in the guest operating system Creative Labs has a number of Web sites serving various regions of the world The adapter name varies depending on the region but usually includes PCI 128 Adding a Sound Adapter to a Virtual Machine You can add only one sound adapter per virtual machine To add a sound adapter to the virtual machine 1 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Sound Adapter For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 2 On the Properties page select the physical sound adapter on the host machine or select Auto Detect the default to detect the sound adapter automatically 3 Optional To connect this virtual machine to the sound adapter when the virtual machine is powered on
112. NS on the NAT Network 241 External Access from the NAT Network 241 Advanced NAT Configuration 242 Custom NAT and DHCP Configuration on a Windows Host 245 Considerations for Using NAT 246 Using NAT with NetLogon 247 Sample Linux vmnetnat conf File 248 Using Samba for File Sharing on a Linux Host 249 Using the Virtual Network Editor 258 Summary Tab 258 Automatic Bridging Tab 259 Host Virtual Network Mapping Tab 259 Host Virtual Adapters Tab 260 DHCP Tab 261 NAT Tab 261 12 Performance Tuning for VMware Server 265 Configuring and Maintaining the Host System 265 Defragmenting Hard Disks 265 Maintaining Adequate Free Disk Space 266 Enabling Disk Write Caching on Windows Hosts 266 Configuring Swap Space on Linux Hosts 266 Increasing NIC Interrupt Coalescing 266 Calculating Memory Requirements to Allow for Virtual Machine Overhead 267 Configuring Host Wide Virtual Machine Memory Usage 267 Allocating Memory to a Virtual Machine 268 Editing Virtual Machine Memory 269 Using Two Way Virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing 270 Editing Virtual Processors 270 Configuring and Maintaining Guest Operating Systems 271 Monitoring Virtual Machine Performance on Windows Hosts 275 VMware Inc Contents 13 Configuring Clustering on Windows Hosts 277 Overview of Clustering with VMware Server 277 Clustering Software Requirements 278 Applications That Can Use Clustering 278 Using SCSI Reservation to Share Virtual SCSI Disks 278 SCSI
113. Reservation Prerequisites and Restrictions 279 Enabling SCSI Reservation 279 Creating a Cluster ina Box 281 Configuring Virtual Machines for Cluster ina Box 282 Creating a Two Node Cluster with Microsoft Clustering Services 283 A Defined Privileges 289 Alarms 290 Datacenter 291 Datastore 291 Extensions 292 Folders 293 Global 293 Host CIM 295 Host Configuration 296 Host Inventory 298 Host Local Operations 299 Network 300 Performance 300 Permissions 301 Resource 301 Scheduled Task 303 Sessions 303 Tasks 304 Virtual Machine Configuration 304 Virtual Machine Interaction 307 Virtual Machine Inventory 309 Virtual Machine Provisioning 309 Virtual Machine State 311 B Files That Make Up a Virtual Machine 313 Files That Make Up a Virtual Machine 313 VMware Inc 11 VMware Server User s Guide Glossary 317 Index 325 12 VMware Inc About This Book The VMware Server User s Guide provides information about installing and using VMware Server 2 Revision History This manual is revised with each release of the product or when necessary A revised version can contain minor or major changes Table 1 summarizes the significant changes in each version of this manual Table 1 Revision History Revision Description 20080828 First version of the VMware Server 2 0 documentation To view the most current version of the manual see the VMware Web site http www vmware com support pubs server_pubs html Intended Audien
114. T VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network m Autodetect Select this check box to have VMware Server automatically detect available DNS servers m Timeout Specify the number of minutes to keep trying if the NAT is unable to connect to the DNS server m Retries Specify the number of times the NAT should try to connect to the DNS server m To adda DNS server to the list click Add and enter the DNS server s IP address in the IP address field The Description field is optional m To change settings for a server already listed select its name in the list and click Properties m Active FTP Clear this check box if you want to allow only passive mode FTP over the NAT device m Allow any OUI If you change the OUI organizationally unique identifier portion of the MAC address for the virtual machine and subsequently cannot use NAT with the virtual machine you should select this check box m NetBIOS section Use this section to specify NBNS NetBIOS Name Service and NetBIOS Datagram Service timeouts and retry settings VMware Inc RC DRAFT 263 VMware Server User s Guide 264 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Performance Tuning for VMware Server This chapter describes how to optimize VMware Server performance by correctly configuring VMware Server host systems host wide VMware Server settings and virtual machines This chapter covers the following topics m Configuring and Maintaining the Host System
115. Table A 19 Virtual Machine Interaction Continued Privilege Name Power On Description Powers on a powered off virtual machine resumes a suspended virtual machine User interface element Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Power gt Power On Summary tab toolbar button virtual machine context menu Affects HC and VC Pair with Object Virtual machines Effective on Object Virtual machines Reset Resets virtual machine and reboots the guest operating system User interface element Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Power gt Reset Summary tab toolbar button virtual machine context menu HC and VC Virtual machines Virtual machines Suspend Suspends a powered on virtual machine puts guest in standby mode User interface element Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Power gt Suspend Summary tab toolbar button virtual machine context menu HC and VC Virtual machines Virtual machines Tools Install Mounts and unmounts the VMware Tools CD installer as a CD ROM for the guest operating system User interface element Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Guest gt Install Upgrade VMware Tools virtual machine context menu HC and VC Virtual machines Virtual machines 308 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Virtual Machine Inventory Table A 20 Virtual Machine Inventory Privileges Defined Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective
116. The remaining steps take place inside the virtual machine 3 In the guest log in as root su VMware Inc RC D RAFT 79 VMware Server User s Guide 80 If necessary mount the VMware Tools virtual CD ROM image by entering a command similar to the following mount dev cdrom mnt cdrom Some Linux distributions automatically mount CD ROMs If your distribution uses automounting you can skip this step Some Linux distributions use different device names or organize the dev directory differently If your CD ROM drive is not dev cdrom or if the mount point for a CD ROM is not mnt cdrom modify the command to reflect the conventions used by your distribution Change to a working directory by entering a command such as the following cd tmp If a previous installation exists delete the previous vmware tools distrib directory before installing The location of this directory depends on where you placed it during the previous installation Often it is placed in tmp vmware tools distrib Run the installer and unmount the CD ROM image Depending on whether you are using the tar installer or the RPM installer do one of the following m For the tar installer at the command prompt enter tar zxpf mnt cdrom VMwareTools lt xxxX gt tar gz umount dev cdrom Where lt xxxx gt is the build number of the product release m For the RPM installer at the command prompt enter rpm Uhv mnt cdrom VMwareTools lt xxxx gt 1
117. Uhv VMware server lt xxxx gt rpm In place of lt xxxx gt the filename contains numbers that correspond to the version and build 42 RC D RAFT VMware Inc 5 6 Installing VMware Server Run the configuration script vmware config pl Respond to the prompts as described in Configuring VMware Server on Linux Hosts Using vmware config pl on page 43 Configuring VMware Server on Linux Hosts Using vmware config pl This section describes how to use vmware config pl to configure your installation of VMware Server Configuration with vmware config pl is required in the following circumstances When you install VMware Server the first time When you upgrade your version of VMware Server When you upgrade your host operating system kernel It is not necessary to reinstall VMware Server after you upgrade your kernel To reconfigure the networking options for VMware Server for example to add or remove a virtual network NOTE If you run the RPM installer you need to run this program separately from the command line If you install from the tar archive the installer offers to launch the configuration program for you Answer Yes when you see the prompt If you have not already done so open a terminal window and become root before performing the following procedure To configure VMware Server using vmware config pl 1 VMware Inc If vmware config pl is not started by the installation script enter
118. VMware Inc RC DRAFT 153 VMware Server User s Guide 154 To connect a USB device to a virtual machine 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 From the USB controller menu in the toolbar select the device you want to connect to in the Plugged into Host list When the USB device is connected to the virtual machine it appears as selected in the toolbar menu To release a connected USB device 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 From the USB controller menu in the toolbar deselect the device you want to disconnect The USB device returns to the deselected state in the toolbar menu Using USB Devices in a Virtual Machine VMware Server provides a two port USB controller so that you can connect to both USB 1 1 and USB 2 0 devices m USB 1 1 UHCI controller with a transparent virtual hub m USB 2 0 EHCI controller USB 2 0 support is available only for VMware products that support virtual machine hardware version 6 or 7 such as VMware Server 2 and Workstation 6 Your host machine must also support USB 2 0 On the host system when a USB 2 0 device connects to a port the device connects to the EHCI controller and operates in USB 2 0 mode A USB 1 1 device is automatically connected to a UHCI controller and operates in USB 1 1 mode This enables you to connect to high speed or isochronous USB devices such as webcams speakers and microphones Although your host oper
119. VMware Server User s Guide VMware Server 2 0 E vmware VMware Server User s Guide VMware Server User s Guide Revision 20080819 Item EN 000057 00 You can find the most up to date technical documentation on our Web site at http www vmware com support The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates If you have comments about this documentation submit your feedback to docfeedback vmware com 2008 VMware Inc All rights reserved Protected by one or more U S Patent Nos 6 397 242 6 496 847 6 704 925 6 711 672 6 725 289 6 735 601 6 785 886 6 789 156 6 795 966 6 880 022 6 944 699 6 961 806 6 961 941 7 069 413 7 082 598 7 089 377 7 111 086 7 111 145 7 117 481 7 149 843 7 155 558 7 222 221 7 260 815 7 260 820 7 269 683 7 275 136 7 277 998 7 277 999 7 278 030 7 281 102 7 290 253 and 7 356 679 patents pending VMware the VMware boxes logo and design Virtual SMP and VMotion are registered trademarks or trademarks of VMware Inc in the United States and or other jurisdictions All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies VMware Inc 3401 Hillview Ave Palo Alto CA 94304 www vmware com 2 VMware Inc Contents About This Book 13 Log Files 16 1 Introduction and System Requirements 19 VMware Inc VMware Server Product Benefits 19 New Features of VMware Server 2 0 20 Web Based Interface 20 VMware Remote Conso
120. VMware Tools on page 93 Using the VMware Tools Command Line Interface on page 99 Components of VMware Tools VMware Tools is a suite of utilities that enhances the performance of the virtual machine s guest operating system and improves management of the virtual machine Although the guest operating system can run without VMware Tools you lose important functionality and convenience VMware Tools includes the following components VMware Inc VMware Tools service VMware device drivers VMware user process VMware Tools control panel RC DRAFT a VMware Server User s Guide 72 VMware Tools Service The program file is called VMwareService exe on Windows guest operating systems and vmware guestd on Linux FreeBSD and Solaris guests This service performs various duties within the guest operating system Passes messages from the host operating system to the guest operating system Executes commands in the operating system to cleanly shut down or restart a Linux FreeBSD or Solaris system when you select power operations in VMware Server Sends a heartbeat to VMware Server On Windows guests allows the mouse cursor to move freely between the guest and host operating systems On Windows guests matches the guests screen resolution to the host s screen resolution and the reverse Synchronizes the time in the guest operating system with the time in the host operating system Runs scripts that help autom
121. a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 Configure network settings for the inside firewall virtual machine as follows a Select FW 2 in VI Web Access but do not power it on b Usethe Add Hardware wizard to add the VMnet2 HostOnly 1 network adapter to the virtual machine See Adding a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 c Use the Add Hardware wizard to add the VMnet3 HostOnly 2 connection to the virtual machine RC DRAFT 213 VMware Server User s Guide 214 6 10 Configure network settings for the fourth virtual machine as follows a Use the Add Hardware wizard to add the VMnet3 connection to the virtual machine See Adding a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 Determine the network addresses used for VMnet and VMnet3 On Windows hosts open a command prompt and run ipconfig all Note the network addresses used by each virtual adapter On Linux hosts open a terminal and run ifconfig Note the network addresses used by each virtual switch Power on each virtual machine in turn and install the appropriate guest operating system NOTE Ona Windows host for Step 9 you are not required to configure network addresses manually You can instead use VMware Server s DHCP server In the virtual network editor s DHCP tab add VMnet2 and VMnet3 to the list of virtual networks served by the VMware internal DHCP server Configure the networking in each guest operating system Machine 1
122. a network using a common configuration file while providing each machine with its own unique identity Launch each virtual machine with the vmware s command Each virtual machine disk file must be copied into its own directory if it shares its filename with another virtual machine disk file On a Linux host the machine ID passed on the command line takes precedence and is passed to the guest operating system if the following conditions are met m A virtual machine ID is specified in the virtual machine s configuration vmx file which is used to open the virtual machine m You specify a machine ID on the command line Using a String in a Startup Script to Set a Name and IP Address The following example uses a Windows host to illustrate how you can use the service to retrieve a string containing what becomes the virtual machine s machine name and IP address In this example W2K VM is the machine name and 148 30 16 24 is the IP address To use a string in a startup script to set a name and IP address 1 Define the string by using one of the following methods m On the host machine add the following line to your virtual machine s configuration vmx file RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools machine id W2K VM 148 30 16 24 Open the virtual machine using this configuration file m Open the virtual machine from the command line by entering the following on one line C Program Files VMware VMwa
123. a networked environment The address must be in the format 00 50 56 XX YY ZZ RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network XX must be a valid hexadecimal number between 00h and 3Fh and YY and ZZ must be valid hexadecimal numbers between 00h and FFh You must use this format because VMware Server virtual machines do not support arbitrary MAC addresses A value for XX YY ZZ that is unique among your hard coded addresses avoids conflicts between the automatically assigned MAC addresses and the manually assigned addresses Controlling Routing for a Host Only Network on a Linux Host A host only network is a full fledged network It has a network interface associated with it VMnet1 that is marked up at the time the host operating system is booted Consequently routing server processes that operate on the host operating system such as routed and gated automatically discover the network and propagate information about how to reach it unless you explicitly configure them not to do so If either of these processes is being run only to receive routing information the easiest solution is to run the process with a q option so that it does not supply routing information only receives it If however the processes are running because they supply routing information you need to configure them so they do not advertise routes to the host only network The version of routed that comes with many distributions of Linux has no sup
124. achine To perform virtual machine operations you must have the required permissions Many configuration modifications are disabled when the virtual machine is powered on NOTE The only tasks VI Web Access can perform on hardware version 3 virtual machines are power operations and upgrade This chapter describes the most common tasks to manage and use virtual machines and covers the following topics VMware Inc Running VMware Tools on page 116 Changing the Power State of a Virtual Machine on page 116 Changing Virtual Machine Power Settings on page 118 Changing Virtual Machine Name and Guest System Settings on page 117 Changing Virtual Machine Snapshot Settings on page 119 Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 Deleting a Virtual Machine on page 123 Using VMware Remote Console on page 124 Generating and Sharing Virtual Machine Shortcuts on page 127 Editing Notes in the Virtual Machine Summary Tab on page 128 Editing the Hardware Configuration of a Virtual Machine on page 129 RC DRAFT i VMware Server User s Guide m Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 m Installing New Software in a Virtual Machine on page 131 m Advanced Options for Application Developers on page 132 Running VMware Tools For improved guest operating system performance and virtual machine management make sure VMware Tools is installed and r
125. achine Configuration File A virtual machine occasionally synchronizes time with the host even if you use the VMware Tools control panel Options tab to disable periodic time synchronization You can disable time synchronization completely by editing the virtual machine configuration file You can follow these steps to keep a fictitious time in your guest so that the guest is never synchronized with the host To disable time synchronization by editing the virtual machine configuration file 1 Power off the virtual machine 2 Edit the virtual machines configuration file see Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 and set the options listed in Table 5 1 to FALSE Table 5 1 Time Synchronization Options Option name Relates to time synchronization when time synchronize tools startup Powering ona virtual machine Controls whether a one shot time synchronization occurs the next time the guest operating system is booted tools syncTime The virtual machine is running Controls whether the guest operating system s clock is checked once a minute and synchronized if it is found to be lagging behind the host s clock time synchronize restore Reverting to a snapshot time synchronize resume disk Resuming a suspended virtual machine time synchronize continue Taking a snapshot time synchronize shrink Shrinking a virtual disk Devices Tab The Devices tab of the VMware Tools control pane
126. achine Properties dialog box gt Hard Disk but not a raw disk mapping Rename Renames a virtual machine or modifies HCand VC Virtual Virtual the associated notes of a virtual machines machines machine User interface element Virtual Machine Properties dialog box inventory inventory context menu File menu Inventory menu Reset Guest Clears guestinfo variables HCand VC Virtual Virtual Information No user VI Client interface elements are machines machines associated with this privilege Settings Changes general VM settings HCand VC Virtual Virtual User interface element Virtual machines machines Machine Properties dialog box gt Options tab Swap Changes the swapfile placement policy HCandVC Virtual Virtual Placement for a virtual machine machines machines Upgrade Upgrades the virtual machines virtual HCandVC Virtual Virtual Virtual hardware version from a previous machines machines Hardware version of VMware User interface element context menu File menu appears only if vmx file shows a lower configuration number 1 Setting this parameter overrides any other privilege for modifying raw devices including connection states 306 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Virtual Machine Interaction Table A 19 Virtual Machine Interaction Defined Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Answer Resolves issues with VM state HCand VC Virtual Virtual Q
127. achine Workspace on page 50 m Using VI Web Access Menu Options on page 53 m Logging Out on page 56 Typically your next step after familiarizing yourself with VI Web Access is to create a virtual machine The information and steps you need to create a virtual machine are described in Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines on page 57 Logging In to VMware Server Using VI Web Access Any user that has authorization on the host machine can log in to VI Web Access To log in to VI Web Access 1 Launch your Web browser 2 Enter the URL of your VMware Server installation http lt host_name gt VMware Inc RC DRAFT 47 VMware Server User s Guide If you are not using port 80 to connect to VMware Server you must include the port number you specified during installation in the connection URL for example http lt host_name gt 8222 When you connect remotely you are automatically redirected to the secure http https port The VI Web Access login page appears NOTE If the specified URL does not work use the correct host name IP address or localhost as appropriate in the connection URL You can also manually enter the short name and the FQDN or localhost in the etc hosts file Enter the user name and password you use to log in to the host and click Log In After your user name and password are authorized the main application page appears Roles assigned to users determine wha
128. achines with an earlier version of VMware Server or another VMware product you can upgrade the virtual machine version so you can take advantage of new VMware Server 2 features such as increased maximum memory per virtual machine If a virtual machine with new features is migrated to Workstation 6 all the latest VMware Server 2 features are supported However you cannot migrate the virtual machine to most other VMware products For more information see Product Compatibility Virtual Machine Hardware Version on page 59 To upgrade the virtual machine version 1 Select the virtual machine 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off 3 Click Upgrade Virtual Machine in the Status section of the workspace 4 Click OK to confirm that you want to upgrade the virtual machine VMware Inc RC D RAFT 69 VMware Server User s Guide After the virtual machine version is updated you can configure it to use the features supported with the new version 70 RC D RAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools This chapter discusses how to install upgrade and run VMware Tools This chapter contains the following sections Components of VMware Tools on page 71 Installing VMware Tools on page 73 Updating VMware Tools on page 86 Uninstalling VMware Tools on page 87 Repairing or Changing VMware Tools on page 88 Using the VMware Tools Control Panel on page 88 Customizations to
129. adcom based network adapters when used with Broadcom teaming software in the following modes m Generic Trunking FEC GEC 802 3ad Draft Static m Link Aggregation 802 3ad m Smart Load Balance and Fail Over RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network VMware Server supports teamed Intel based network adapters when used with Intel PROSet version 6 4 or higher 32 bit hosts or PROSet version 10 0 or higher 64 bit hosts in the following modes m Adapter Fault Tolerance m Adaptive Load Balancing m Static Link Aggregation 64 bit hosts m FEC 802 3ad Static Link Aggregation 32 bit hosts m GEC 802 3ad Static Link Aggregation 32 bit hosts m IEEE 802 3ad Dynamic Link Aggregation NOTE Express Teaming mode is not supported when you are teaming Intel based network adapters Setting Up the Windows Host When using VMware Server on a Windows host with teamed network adapters and bridged networking the VMware Bridge Protocol must be bound to the teamed network adapter and unbound from the individual physical network adapters To set up bridged networking on a Windows host 1 Open the Windows Control Panel and open Network Connections on a Windows Server 2003 host or open Network and Dial up Connections on a Windows 2000 host 2 Right click the teamed network adapter device and select Properties to bind the VMware Bridge Protocol to the teamed network adapter 3 Check VMware Bridge Protocol 4 Click OK to cl
130. additional space is needed However it takes longer to write data to growable disks If you select Allocate all disk space now all disk space is preallocated at the time the disk is created This provides better performance for your virtual machine However you cannot shrink the disk later RC DRAFT VMware Inc Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines NOTE Preallocating disk space is a time consuming operation that cannot be canceled and requires as much physical disk space as you specify for the virtual disk You are also given the option Split disk into 2GB files Select this option if your virtual disk is stored on a file system that does not support files larger than 2GB Virtual Device Disk Mode Settings Select whether or not to run the disk in Independent Mode Disks in Independent Mode are not affected by snapshots If you select Independent Mode select one of the following m Persistent Disks in persistent mode behave like conventional disk drives on your physical computer All data written to a disk in persistent mode are written out permanently to the disk m Nonpersistent Changes to disks in nonpersistent mode are saved to the disks but are lost when the virtual machine is powered off or reset Nonpersistent mode is for users who want to start with a virtual disk in the previous state Example uses include providing known environments for software testing technical support and demonstrating software
131. ade all the networking changes you want click OK VMware Inc RC DRAFT ui VMware Server User s Guide 244 Linux Hosts Use the NAT configuration file on the host to configure the NAT device This file is etc vmmare vmnet8 nat nat conf The configuration file is divided into sections Each section configures a part of the NAT device Text surrounded by square brackets such as host marks the beginning of a section In each section is a configuration parameter that can be set The configuration parameters take the form ip 192 168 27 1 24 For an example of a NAT configuration file see Sample Linux vmnetnat conf File on page 248 The configuration file variables are described below The host Section ip The IP address that the NAT device should use It can optionally be followed by a slash and the number of bits in the subnet netmask The subnet mask to use for the NAT DHCP addresses are allocated from this range of addresses configport A port that can be used to access status information about the NAT device The VMnet device to use Linux devices are of the format dev vmnet lt x gt VMnet8 is the default NAT device activeFTP A flag that indicates if active FTP is to be allowed Active FTP allows incoming connections to be opened by the remote FTP server Turning this off means that only passive mode FTP works Set the flag to 0 to turn active FTP off The udp Section timeout The number
132. affected virtual machine to yield processor time if the only task it is trying to perform is to poll the virtual serial port RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware This option is useful when the serial port is being used by the guest operating system in polled mode as opposed to interrupt mode Polled mode causes the virtual machine to consume a disproportionate share of CPU time which can cause the host and other guests run sluggishly Changing the Input Speed of the Serial Connection This option increases the speed of your serial connection over a pipe to the virtual machine In principle there is no limit on the output speed which is the speed at which the virtual machine sends data through the virtual serial port In practice the output speed depends on how fast the application at the other end of the pipe reads data being sent to it To change the input speed of the serial connection 1 Use the guest operating system to configure the serial port for the highest setting supported by the application you are running in the virtual machine 2 Power off the virtual machine 3 Add the serial lt n gt pipe charTimePercent parameter to your virtual machine s configuration vmx file as described in Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 and set it to a positive integer value as follows m nis the number of the serial port starting from 0 So the first serial port is serial m The val
133. agging behind the host s If so the guest s clock is moved forward to match the host s clock If you use this option disable all other time synchronization mechanisms For example some guests might have NTP or CMOS clock synchronization turned on by default Regardless of whether you enable this setting time synchronization occurs when the VMware Tools daemon is started such as during a reboot when resuming from a suspend operation and after shrinking a disk When the operating system starts or reboots synchronization can be either forward or backward in time For other events synchronization is forward in time To disable time synchronization completely see Disable Time Synchronization by Editing the Virtual Machine Configuration File on page 90 Show VMware Tools in the taskbar Windows guests only Displays the VMware Tools icon in the notification area of the taskbar The icon indicates whether VMware Tools is running and whether an update is available Notify if update is available Windows guests only Displays the VMware Tools icon with a yellow caution icon when an update is available Update button Windows guests only Becomes enabled when an update is available Clicking this button has the same effect as clicking the Upgrade VMware Tools command in the Status section of the VI Web Access Summary tab RC DRAFT 9a VMware Server User s Guide 90 Disable Time Synchronization by Editing the Virtual M
134. alling VMware Server on several Windows host computers you might want to use the silent installation feature of the Microsoft Windows Installer This feature can be convenient in a large enterprise Before installing VMware Server silently make sure that the host computer has version 2 0 or higher of the MSI runtime engine which is available in Windows beginning with Windows XP and separately from Microsoft For additional details on using the Microsoft Windows Installer see the Microsoft Web site To install VMware Server silently 1 VMware Inc Extract the administrative installation image from the VMware Server installer setup exe a s v TARGETDIR C temp server qn In this example setup exe is the name of the installer on the CD distribution The target directory is the full path to the folder where you want to store the administrative installation image RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide 40 If you are using a downloaded installer the filename is similar to VMware server lt xxxxx gt exe where lt Xxxxxx gt is a series of numbers representing the version and build numbers For a downloaded installer an example command is VMware server lt xxxx gt exe a s v TARGETDIR C temp server qn Run the installation using msiexec and the installation image that you extracted in the previous step Enter the command on one line msiexec i lt InstallTempPath gt VMware Server msi INSTALLDIR lt PathT
135. ally created but it is identical to the role name Enter a descriptive name for each role you create to help identify it 3 Inthe Privileges tree select the privileges to include in the role Expand the tree as necessary to see the privileges in each category 4 Click OK The role is created RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing Roles and Permissions Editing and Renaming Roles When you edit a user defined role you can change any or all of the privileges selected for that role When completed these modified privileges are immediately applied to any user or group assigned the role You can also rename existing roles System roles cannot be edited or renamed To edit a role 1 From the VI Web Access menu bar select Administration gt Manage Roles 2 Inthe Roles list select the role you want to modify 3 Click Modify 4 Ifyou want to rename the role enter the new role name in the Name text box There is no way to enter a description for the role so the description in the Roles list is changed to match the new role name Enter a descriptive name for each role you create to help identify it 5 Ifyou want to change the privileges included in the role select or deselect the appropriate privileges in the Privileges tree Expand the tree as necessary to see the privileges in each category 6 Click OK The changes to the role are made Removing Roles When you remove a user defined role if it is not assigned to any users o
136. an existing datastore To enter the path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_filename Named Pipe Enter the path and filename for the pipe Under Near End specify whether the application running in the guest operating system will function as a server or a client m Select Is a server to start this end of the connection first m Select Is a client to start the far end of the connection first Under Far End specify where the application that the virtual machine will connect to is located m Select Is a virtual machine if the application that the virtual machine will connect to is located on another virtual machine on the host m Select Is an application if the application that the virtual machine will connect to is running directly on the host machine Optional Select Yield CPU on poll RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware The kernel in the target virtual machine uses the virtual serial port in polled mode not interrupt mode For more information see Yielding CPU on Poll to Improve Performance When Debugging Windows Hosts Only on page 168 Click OK to save your changes Removing a Serial Port from a Virtual Machine You can remove a serial port from a virtual machine if you no longer want to use it To remove an existing serial port 1 2 3 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off In
137. and shuts down or allow them to be started and shut down manually You can also specify the order in which virtual machines are automatically started and shut down You can also configure system wide settings that specify a delay between each virtual machine s startup and shutdown and what kind of action is performed at shutdown suspend power off or shut down guest You can optionally override the system wide settings for individual virtual machines Enabling System Wide Startup and Shutdown Settings You can enable virtual machines to be started and shut down automatically and configure how and when virtual machines are started and shut down To enable system wide startup and shutdown settings 1 Select the host in the Inventory panel 2 Inthe Commands section of the host Summary tab click Edit Virtual Machine Startup Shutdown Settings 3 Select Allow virtual machines to start and stop automatically with the system If this option is disabled you cannot configure startup and shutdown settings for any of the virtual machines on the host NOTE To allow virtual machines to be started and shut down on a Windows host system you must also select Allow virtual machines to start and stop automatically with the system during the installation of VMware Server 4 Optional Configure one or more of the following settings Default Startup Delay Enter the amount of time in seconds to wait after a virtual machine is started be
138. application using the XChangeKeyboardMapping function or the xmodmap program You can use xev to view the key codes and keysyms for keys typed into its window A key code corresponds roughly to a physical key while a keysym corresponds to the symbol on the key top For example with an XFree86 server running on a PC the Z key on the German keyboard has the same key code as the Y key on an English keyboard The German Z keysym however is the same as the English Z keysym and different from the English Y keysym For an XFree86 server on a PC there is a one to one mapping from X key codes to PC scan codes or v scan codes which is what VMware Server really uses VMware Server takes advantage of this fact When it is using an XFree86 server on the local host it uses the built in mapping from X key codes to v scan codes This mapping is keyboard independent and is correct for most if not all languages When you are not using an XFree86 server or a local server VMware Server must map keysyms to v scan codes by using a set of keyboard specific tables VMware Inc RC DRAFT 177 VMware Server User s Guide 178 Configuring How Key Codes Are Mapped Key code mapping is simple automatic and foolproof Keysym mapping is more complex and is described later However because the program cannot tell whether a remote server is running on a PC or on some other kind of computer it uses key code mapping only with local X servers This approach m
139. apter uses the e1000 device driver You can create and configure up to 10 virtual network adapters in VMware Server 2 and Workstation 6 virtual machines The limit is four adapters for VMware Server 1 and other older virtual machine versions For more information see Adding a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 Host Virtual Adapter Host virtual adapters allow communication between the host computer and the virtual machines on the host computer A host virtual adapter is used in host only and NAT configurations When you install VMware Server two network adapters are added to the configuration of your host operating system one that allows the host to connect to the host only virtual network and one that allows the host to connect to the NAT virtual network The host virtual adapter is not connected to any external network unless you set up special software on the host computer such as a proxy server to connect the host only adapter to the physical network adapter On a Windows host the software that creates the host virtual adapter is installed when you install VMware Server On a Linux host you must select host only networking when you run vmware config pl to install the host virtual adapter RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Common Networking Configurations The following sections illustrate the networking configurations that are set up when you select one of the standard networking options i
140. aravirtualization Specifying whether and how virtualized MMU support is used Modifying virtual machine configuration file parameters NOTE Donot change any configuration file parameters unless you are instructed to do so in the documentation or by VMware technical support To change virtual machine runtime settings 1 VMware Inc In the Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab click Configure VM Click Advanced In the Settings section select an option m Record runtime information When selected you can select one of the following m Debugging information Collects debugging information You can then provide this information to VMware support to troubleshoot any problems you are experiencing m Statistics information Collects performance statistics You can then provide this information to VMware support to troubleshoot performance problems On Windows hosts the files are stored in the directory lt ALLUSERSPROFILE gt VMware VMware Server hostd stats On Linux host systems the files are stored in the directory var log vmware RC DRAFT G VMware Server User s Guide m Enable logging Enables logging for the virtual machine You can then provide this to VMware support to troubleshoot any problems you are experiencing VMware recommends that you keep logging enabled There is minimal overhead for this logging m Disable acceleration Disables acceleration in the virtual
141. atastores Datastore File User interface element Datastore Browser toolbar button and Datastore context menu VMware Inc RC DRAFT 291 VMware Server User s Guide Table A 3 Datastore Privileges Continued Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Move Moves a datastore between folders VC only Datastore Datastores Datastore Privileges must be present at both the source and Datastore source and destination destination folders User interface element Inventory drag and drop Rename Renames a datastore HC and VC Datastores Datastores Datastore User interface element Datastore Properties dialog Change button host Summary tab context menu File Carries out file operations in the HCand VC Datastores _ Datastores Management datastore browser Allocate Space Allocates space on a datastore for a HCand VC Datastores Datastores virtual machine snapshot or clone Extensions Table A 4 Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Register Registers an extension plugin VC only Root Root Folder Extension Folder Unregister Unregisters an extension plugin VC only Root Root Folder Extension Folder Update Updates an extension plugin VC only Root Root Folder Extension Folder 292 VMware Inc RC DRAFT Defined Privileges Folders Table A 5 Folder Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affe
142. ate guest operating system operations The scripts run when the virtual machine s power state changes The service starts when the guest operating system boots The VMware Tools service is not installed on NetWare operating systems Instead the vmwtool program is installed It synchronizes time and allows you to turn the CPU idler on or off VMware Device Drivers These device drivers include SVGA display driver that provides high display resolution and significantly faster overall graphics performance The vmxnet networking driver for some guest operating systems BusLogic SCSI driver for some guest operating systems VMware mouse driver A kernel module for handling shared folders called hgfs sys on Windows and vmhgfs on Linux and Solaris VMware Server does not support shared folders However the module is included for product compatibility RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools m The Virtual Machine Communication Interface VMCI driver for creating client server applications that are optimized for fast and efficient communication between virtual machines VMware User Process The program file is called VMwareUser exe on Windows guests and vmware user on Linux Solaris and FreeBSD guests This service performs the following tasks within the guest operating system m Enables you to copy and paste up to 64K of plain text between the guest and host operating systems m On Linux and Solaris guests
143. ating system must support USB you do not need to install device specific drivers for your USB devices in the host operating system to use those devices only in the virtual machine NOTE Windows NT and Linux kernels older than 2 2 17 do not support USB On Windows XP guests be sure to install the latest service pack if you want to use USB 2 0 If you use Windows XP with no service packs the driver for the EHCI controller cannot be loaded RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware VMware has tested a variety of USB devices with this release With the appropriate guest operating system drivers you can use PDAs printers storage disk devices scanners MP3 players digital cameras and memory card readers Using USB with a Windows Host When a particular USB device is connected to a virtual machine for the first time the host detects it as a new device named VMware USB Device and installs the appropriate VMware driver On some Windows host systems confirmation is required in the Found New Hardware wizard Select the default action Install the software automatically After the software is installed the guest operating system detects the USB device and searches for a suitable driver When you are synchronizing a PDA such as a Palm handheld or Handspring Visor to a virtual machine for the first time the total time required to load the VMware USB device driver in the host and the PDA driver in the guest migh
144. bject The object on which the task was performed Triggered By Entity that triggered the event Type Type of event that occurred Message Text explanation of action Logging Out You can log out of VI Web Access by clicking Log Out in the upper right corner of any page 56 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines This chapter describes how to create a new virtual machine and covers the following topics m Setting Up a New Virtual Machine on page 57 m Installing a Guest Operating System on page 66 m Updating the Guest Operating System on page 68 m Upgrading the Virtual Machine Version on page 69 Setting Up a New Virtual Machine The New Virtual Machine wizard guides you through the key steps to create a new virtual machine from scratch You can later make changes to your virtual machine setup from the Hardware and Commands sections of the VI Web Access virtual machine workspace Before You Begin As you complete the New Virtual Machine wizard you are prompted to make decisions about many aspects of the virtual machine This section provides information to help you determine which choices you want to make before running the wizard Virtual Machine Location The files that make up a virtual machine are created in a datastore VMware Inc RC DRAFT 57 VMware Server User s Guide A default datastore called standard is created when you install VMware Server but you can
145. can store virtual machines on the server host or locate them on a network share PC Hardware The number of virtual machines you can run concurrently depends on the resources they require VMware Server supports up to 16 way multiprocessor servers with a maximum of four virtual machines running concurrently per processor VMware Server hosts must meet the following requirements m Standard x86 compatible or x86 64 compatible server with up to 16 processors Hosts with 32 bit IA 32 processors and IA 32 processors with 64 bit extensions are supported VMware Inc RC D RAFT 23 VMware Server User s Guide 24 m 733MHz or faster CPU minimum Compatible processors include m Intel Xeon m Dual Core including 5000 series Dempsey 5100 series Woodcrest 3000 series Conroe 7000 series Paxville MP and 7100 series Tulsa m Quad Core including 5300 series Clovertown m Intel Core 2 including E6300 E6400 E6600 and E6700 Conroe Q6600 andQ6700 E Kentsfield and E4300 Allendale Series m AMD Opteron 1000 2000 8000 series Santa Ana Santa Rosa m AMD Opteron 100 200 800 series Venus Troy Athens Denmark Italy Egypt m AMD Athlon 64 Clawhammer Newcastle Winchester Venice San Diego Orleans Lima m AMD Athlon 64 X2 X2 Manchester Toledo Windsor Brisbane Memory You must have a minimum of 512MB of memory 2GB is recommended The total amount of memory you can assign to all virtual machines runnin
146. cases you need two host only interfaces The examples described here outline the simplest case with one virtual machine on each of the host only networks For more complex configurations you can add more virtual machines and host only networks as appropriate Setting Up the First Host Only Interface On Windows hosts the first host only network is set up when you install VMware Server On Linux hosts the first host only network is set up when you run the vmware config pl program after you install VMware Server provided you agree to install host only networking If you did not agree to use host only networking you need to run the script again to set up host only networking To set up the second host only interface on a Windows host 1 From the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks Click Host Virtual Adapters Click Add new adapter Select the virtual network on which you want to use the adapter and click OK a A WwW N Click Apply VMware Inc RC DRAFT 235 VMware Server User s Guide 236 6 Click OK to close the virtual network editor To set up the second host only interface on a Linux host 1 As root su run the VMware Server configuration program vmware config pl V CAUTION To configure VMware Server correctly the vmware config pl configuration program requires all virtual machines to be shut down The program shuts down any running virtual mac
147. ce This book is intended for anyone who needs to install upgrade configure or use VMware Server VMware Server users typically work in small and medium sized businesses doing software development and testing or working with multiple operating systems or computing environments Users include software developers QA engineers trainers salespeople who run demos and anyone who wants to create virtual machines VMware Inc RC DRAFT 13 VMware Server User s Guide Document Feedback VMware welcomes your suggestions for improving our documentation If you have comments send your feedback to docfeedback vmware com Technical Support and Education Resources The following sections describe the technical support resources available to you To access the most current version of this book and other books go to http www vmware com support pubs Online and Telephone Support Use online support to submit technical support requests view your product and contract information and register your products Go to http www vmware com support Customers with appropriate support contracts should use telephone support for the fastest response on priority 1 issues Go to http www vmware com support phone_support html Support Offerings Find out how VMware support offerings can help meet your business needs Go to http www vmware com support services VMware Professional Services VMware Education Services courses offer exten
148. ce configuration ofaset HCandVC Virtual Virtual Resource of VM nodes in a given resource pool machines machines DiskExtend Expands the size of a virtual disk HCand VC Virtual Virtual machines machines Disk Lease Leases disks for VMware Consolidated HCandVC Virtual Virtual Backup machines machines No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Host USB Attaches a host based USB device to a HCand VC Virtual Virtual Device virtual machine machines machines User interface element gt Virtual Machine Properties dialog box Memory Changes the amount of memory HCand VC Virtual Virtual allocated to the VM machines machines User interface element Virtual Machine Properties dialog box gt Memory Modify Device Changes the properties of an existing HCand VC Virtual Virtual Settings device machines machines User interface element Virtual Machine Properties dialog box gt SCSI IDE node selection Raw Device Adds or removes a raw disk mapping HCand VC Virtual Virtual or SCSI pass through device machines machines User interface element Virtual Machine Properties gt Add Remove raw disk mapping VMware Inc 305 RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide Table A 18 Virtual Machine Privileges Continued Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Remove Disk Removes a virtual disk device HCandVC Virtual Virtual User interface element Virtual machines machines M
149. ce receives the data replaces the network address with that of the virtual machine and forwards the data to the virtual machine on the virtual network This translation occurs automatically and requires minimal configuration on the guest and the host The Host Computer and the NAT Network The host computer has a host virtual adapter on the NAT network identical to the host virtual adapter on the host only network This adapter allows the host and the virtual machines to communicate with each other for such purposes as file sharing The NAT never forwards traffic from the host virtual adapter DHCP on the NAT Network To make networking configuration easy a DHCP server is automatically installed when you install VMware Server Virtual machines running on the network with the NAT device can dynamically obtain their IP addresses by sending out DHCP requests The DHCP server on the NAT network which is also used in host only networking configurations dynamically allocates IP addresses in the range of lt net gt 128 through lt net gt 254 where lt net gt is the network number assigned to your NAT network VMware Server always uses a Class C address for NAT networks IP addresses lt net gt 3 through lt net gt 127 can be used for static IP addresses IP address lt net gt 1 is reserved for the host adapter and lt net gt 2 is reserved for the NAT device RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network In addition to the IP addre
150. cility and specify that packets from the host only network should not be sent outside the host computer Consult your operating system documentation for details on how to configure packet filtering Leaks from a Virtual Machine Virtual machines might leak packets as well For example if you use dial up networking support in a virtual machine and packet forwarding is enabled host only network traffic might leak out through the dial up connection To prevent the leakage be sure packet forwarding is disabled in your guest operating system Maintaining and Changing the MAC Address of a Virtual Machine When a virtual machine is powered on VMware Server assigns each of its virtual network adapters an Ethernet media access control MAC address A MAC address is the unique address assigned to each Ethernet network device The software guarantees that virtual machines are assigned unique MAC addresses within a given host system The virtual machine is assigned the same MAC address every time it is powered on if both of the following conditions are true VMware Inc RC DRAFT 225 VMware Server User s Guide 226 m The virtual machine is not moved That is the path and filename for the virtual machine s configuration vmx file remain the same m Nochanges are made to certain settings in the configuration file However VMware Server cannot guarantee that it will automatically assign unique MAC addresses for virtual machines that
151. computer you can make custom configuration settings by editing the NAT and DHCP configuration files If your host operating system is installed on the C drive the configuration files for NAT and DHCP are in the following locations m NAT C Documents and Settings All Users Application Data VMware vmnetnat conf m DHCP C Documents and Settings All Users Application Data VMware vmnetdhcp conf NOTE You can change many key NAT and DCHP settings using the virtual network editor from the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks However if you have made manual changes to the configuration files some or all of those changes might be lost when you use the virtual network editor If you have made manual changes make backup copies of the files before changing any settings in the virtual network editor After making changes in the virtual network editor you can copy your manual changes back into the appropriate configuration files VMware Inc RC DRAFT 245 VMware Server User s Guide 246 Specifying Connections from Ports Below 1024 When a client machine makes a TCP or UDP connection to a server the connection comes from a particular port on the client the source port and connects to a particular port on the server the destination port For security reasons some servers accept connections only from source ports below 1024 If a virtual machine using NAT attempts to connect to a serv
152. console commands See Using VI Web Access Menu Options on page 53 Toolbar Appearing along the top of the page these buttons allow you to act on the selected virtual machine offering one click access to power operations See Changing the Power State of a Virtual Machine on page 116 Task area Appearing along the bottom of the page this area displays tasks recently executed by VMware Server including host level configuration changes You can sort tasks by clicking the column headers By default tasks appear in reverse chronological order most recent tasks first You can double click a task to get more detailed information Using the VMware Server Host Workspace When the host is selected in the Inventory panel the workspace displays information about the VMware Server installation divided into tabs VMware Inc Summary The General section displays the host system s manufacturer name model processor type and utilization and memory capacity and utilization The Datastores section shows the name capacity free space and location of each datastore The Networks section shows the name virtual network VMnet and network type of each virtual network From this tab you can manage your virtual machine inventory add rename or remove datastores create virtual machines and configure global memory snapshot and virtual machine startup and shutdown settings For information about how to perform these and
153. cripts section select one or more check boxes to run a VMware Tools script before suspending or after resuming the guest See Scripts Tab on page 91 5 Click OK For information on additional hard and soft power operations and other power control settings see Changing Virtual Machine Power Settings on page 118 Suspending or Resuming a Virtual Machine The suspend and resume operations allow you save the current state of your virtual machine and continue work later from the same state Before suspending a virtual machine configure the hard suspend or soft suspend settings See Configuring Hard Suspend or Soft Suspend on page 186 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine To suspend a virtual machine 1 Select the virtual machine that is powered on in the Inventory panel 2 Click the Suspend button on the toolbar When you suspend a virtual machine a file with a vmss extension is created in the working directory This file contains the entire state of the virtual machine To resume a virtual machine that is suspended 1 Select the suspended virtual machine in the Inventory panel 2 Click the Play button on the toolbar When you resume the virtual machine its state is restored from the vmss file Using Snapshots Snapshots allow you to preserve the state of the virtual machine so you can return to the same state repeatedly For example you might use snapshots to test software You ca
154. ct Custom and select VMnet1 Host only on a Windows host or dev vmnet1 on a Linux host from the drop down list on the right Select the second network adapter in the list of devices select Custom then select VMnet 2 Host only on a Windows host or dev vmnet2 on a Linux host from the drop down list on the right If you need to add one or more network adapters click Add and use the Add Hardware wizard to add an adapter RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network At this point you can power on the virtual machine and install your guest operating system In configurations 1 and 2 you see one AMD PCNet Adapter In configuration 3 you see two AMD PCNet Adapters within the guest Configure the network adapters as you would physical adapters on a physical computer giving each adapter an IP address on the appropriate VMnet subnet On Windows hosts you can open a command prompt and run ipconfig all to see what IP addresses each host only network is using On Linux hosts you can open a terminal and run ifconfig to see what IP addresses each host only network is using Routing Between Two Host Only Networks If you are setting up a complex test network using virtual machines you might want to have two independent host only networks with a router between them There are two basic approaches In one the router software runs on the host computer In the other the router software runs in its own virtual machine In both
155. ction available to the host The only requirement for NAT is that the network connection must support TCP IP NAT is useful when you have a limited supply of IP addresses or are connected to the network through a non Ethernet network adapter NAT works by translating addresses of virtual machines in a private VMnet network to that of the host machine When a virtual machine sends a request to access a network resource it appears to the network resource as if the request came from the host machine VMware Inc RC DRAFT 239 VMware Server User s Guide 240 NAT uses the host s own network resources to connect to the external network Thus any TCP IP network resource to which the host has access should be available through the NAT connection The chief advantage of NAT is that it provides a transparent easy to configure way for virtual machines to gain access to network resources The following sections provide more information about NAT Using NAT The NAT device is connected to the VMnet8 virtual switch Virtual machines connected to the NAT network also use the VMnet8 virtual switch The NAT device waits for packets coming from virtual machines on the VMnet8 virtual network When a packet arrives the NAT device translates the address of the virtual machine to that of the host before forwarding the packet to the external network When data arrives from the external network for the virtual machine on the private network the NAT devi
156. cts Object Object Create Folder Creates a new folder VC only Folders Folders User interface element Taskbar button File menu context menu Delete Folder Deletes a folder VC only Folders plus Folders User interface element File menu parent object context menu Move Folder Moves a folder VC only Folders Folders Privilege must be present at both the source and source and destination destination User interface element Inventory drag and drop Rename Folder Changes the name of a folder VC only Folders Folders User interface element Inventory pane object text field context menu File menu Global Table A 6 Global Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Cancel Task Cancels a running or queued task HCand VC Any object Inventory User interface element Recent tasks object pane context menu Tasks amp Events related to the context menu Can currently cancel task clone and clone to template Capacity Enables the use of capacity planning for VC only Any object Root folder Planning planning consolidation of physical machines to virtual machines User interface element Consolidation button in toolbar Diagnostics Gets list of diagnostic files log header VC only Any object Root folder binary files or diagnostic bundle User interface element File gt Export gt Export Diagnostic Data Admin System Logs tab VMware Inc 293 RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide Table
157. d a physical network adapter on the host computer This allows you for example to connect the virtual machine to a Token Ring or other non Ethernet network On a Windows host computer you can use host only networking in combination with the Internet connection sharing feature in Windows to allow a virtual machine to use the host s dial up networking adapter or other connection to the Internet See your Windows documentation for details on configuring Internet connection sharing Custom Networking Configurations The virtual networking components provided by VMware Server make it possible for you to create sophisticated virtual networks The virtual networks can be connected to one or more external networks or they can run entirely on the host computer Before attempting to set up complex virtual networks you must have a good understanding of how to configure network devices in your host and guest operating systems The example described in this section illustrates many of the ways you can combine devices on a virtual network Other custom configurations are described in Advanced Networking Topics on page 222 and Understanding NAT on page 239 In this configuration a Web server connects through a firewall to an external network An administrator s computer connects to the Web server through a second firewall VMware Inc RC DRAFT 211 VMware Server User s Guide 212 Figure 11 4 Custom Configuration That Uses Two Fire
158. d parallel port modules is loaded use this command insmod parport_pc This command inserts the parport and parport_pcmodules needed for a parallel port Use this command to load the ppdev module insmod ppdev If you continue to have problems it is possible that the Lp module is loaded If it is the virtual machine cannot use the parallel port correctly If the Lp module is loaded run this command as the root user to remove it rmmod lp Verify that the line referring to the Lp module in the etc modules conf or etc conf modules file is removed or commented out by inserting a hash character at the beginning of the line The name of the configuration file depends on the Linux distribution you are using When you reboot the host after removing this line the configuration file no longer starts the Lp module To ensure that the proper modules for the parallel port are loaded at boot time add this line to the etc modules conf or etc conf modules file alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc Linux kernels in the 2 4 x series also use a special arbitrator that allows access to the parallel port hardware If the parallel port is in use by the host the guest cannot use it If a virtual machine is using the parallel port the host and any users accessing the host are not given access to the device VMware Server puts a lock on the device and this lock restricts access so that only the virtual machine can use the port RC DRAFT VMwar
159. ddress for your host machine recommended Windows Host Operating Systems You must use a Windows server operating system NOTE Operating systems and service packs that are not listed are not supported for use as a host operating system for VMware Server 64 bit host computers can run the following operating systems for 64 bit extended systems m Windows Server 2008 x64 Standard Edition Windows Server 2008 x64 Enterprise Edition NOTE Windows 2008 Server Core installations are not supported m Windows Server 2003 x64 Standard Edition SP1 SP2 R2 Windows Server 2003 x64 Web Edition SP1 SP2 R2 Windows Server 2003 x64 Enterprise Edition SP1 SP2 R2 32 bit host computers can run the following operating systems m Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition VMware Inc RC D RAFT 25 VMware Server User s Guide NOTE Windows 2008 Server Core installations are not supported m Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition SP1 SP2 R2 Windows Server 2003 Web Edition SP1 SP2 R2 Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition SP1 SP2 R2 m Windows Small Business Server 2003 Standard Edition R2 Windows Small Business Server 2003 Premium Edition R2 m Windows 2000 Server SP3 SP4 Windows 2000 Advanced Server SP3 SP4 Linux Host Operating System Requirements Supported distributions and kernels are listed in this section VMware Server might not run on systems that do not meet these re
160. dify from the Inventory panel Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the parallel port to modify To connect to the parallel port when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on Select the connection type and configure it as follows m Physical Select the host parallel port from the drop down menu m File Enter the path and filename for the output file or click Browse to navigate to a file in an existing datastore To enter the path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_filename Click OK to save your changes Removing a Parallel Port from a Virtual Machine You can remove a virtual parallel port from a virtual machine if you no longer want to use it To remove an existing parallel port 1 2 3 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the parallel port to remove and select Remove A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the device If you want to remove it click Yes The device is removed Using Parallel Ports Parallel ports are used by a variety of devices including printers scanners dongles and disk drives VMware Inc RC DRAFT K VMware Server User s Guide 172 Currently VMware Server provides only partial emulation of PS 2 hardware Interrupts reques
161. does not already have the add on installed When a new version of the add on is available you are prompted to install the new version To install the browser add on for VMware Remote Console 1 Click the Console tab If the add on is not installed or a new version of the add on is available the text shown in Figure 3 1 appears VMware Inc RC DRAFT a1 VMware Server User s Guide 52 Figure 3 1 Console Tab When the Add On Is Not Installed II the plug in to access this virtual Click Install plugin If you are using Internet Explorer the File Download Security Warning dialog box is displayed Close all instances of Internet Explorer before continuing The add on cannot be installed if any Internet Explorer windows are open Click Run The Internet Explorer Security Warning installation dialog box is displayed Click Run NOTE Depending on your Internet Explorer security settings you might see a message at the top of the browser This website wants to run the following add on If you see this message click it and allow the add on to run The add on is installed Skip the remaining steps of this procedure If you are using Firefox a message appears at the top of the browser indicating that Firefox prevented the site from asking you to install the software on your computer i Click Edit Options next to the Firefox message The Allowed Sites Add ons Installation page appears ii Click Allow to al
162. e Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Parallel Ports and Linux 2 6 x Kernels Make sure that PC Style Hardware CONFIG_PARPORT_PC is loaded as a module set to m If you are using a 2 6 x kernel the modules that provide parallel port functionality are modprobe lt modulename gt and modprobe parport_pc To check the configuration 1 Determine whether the modprobe lt modulename gt and modprobe parport_pc modules are installed and loaded on your system by running the Lsmod command as the root user You can also look at the proc modules file for the same list In 2 6 x kernels loading parport_pc does not load all modules If none of the listed parallel port modules is loaded use this command modprobe parport_pc amp amp modprobe ppdev This command inserts the modules needed for a parallel port If you continue to have problems it is possible that the Lp module is loaded If it is the virtual machine cannot use the parallel port correctly If the Lp module is loaded run this command as the root user to remove it rmmod lp Verify that the line referring to the Lp module in the etc modules conf or etc conf modules file is removed or commented out by inserting a hash character at the beginning of the line The name of the configuration file depends on the Linux distribution you are using When you reboot the host after removing this line the configuration file no longer starts the Lp module To ensure that
163. e you specify how disk space is allocated as follows m All space for the virtual disk is allocated in advance This corresponds to the preallocated disk type for Virtual Disk Manager m Space allocated for the virtual disk grows as needed This corresponds to the growable disk type for Virtual Disk Manager If you allocate all the disk space for a virtual disk but later need to reclaim some hard disk space on the host you can convert the preallocated virtual disk into a growable disk The new virtual disk is still large enough to contain all the data in the original virtual disk You can also change whether the virtual disk is stored in a single file or split into 2GB files See the VMware technical note about using Virtual Disk Manager Moving Virtual Disks A key advantage of virtual disks is their portability Because the virtual disks are stored as files in a datastore on a local or networked file system you can move them easily to a new location on the same computer or to a different computer You can also create virtual disks on a Windows host to and move them to a Linux computer or the reverse Configuring CD DVD Drives You can use VI Web Access to configure virtual machines to use physical CD DVD drives and ISO images on the host system You can use VMware Remote Console to connect to CD DVD drives and ISO images on your client system as described in Connecting and Disconnecting Client Devices on page 125 Thi
164. e Hardware For more information see Choosing a Device Type for the CD DVD Drive on page 144 7 Click OK to save your changes Removing a CD DVD Drive from a Virtual Machine You can remove a CD DVD drive from a virtual machine if you no longer want to use that device in the virtual machine To remove an existing CD DVD drive 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off 3 In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the CD DVD drive to remove and select Remove 4 A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the device If you want to remove it click Yes The device is removed Configuring Floppy Drives You can use VI Web Access to configure virtual machines to use physical floppy drives and floppy images on the host system You can use VMware Remote Console to connect to floppy drives and floppy images on your client system as described in Connecting and Disconnecting Client Devices on page 125 This section describes how to add edit and remove floppy drives on the host and how to configure drive settings Adding a Floppy Drive to a Virtual Machine You can connect a virtual floppy drive to a physical floppy drive or a floppy image file on the host system You can add up to two floppy drives to your virtual machine A virtual floppy drive can connect to a physical floppy drive on the host system an existing floppy imag
165. e as described in Changing the Networking Configuration on page 215 Network Address Translation NAT NAT gives a virtual machine access to network resources by using the host computer s IP address If you are not able to give your virtual machine an IP address on the external network you might find that NAT is the easiest way to give your virtual machine access to the Internet or other TCP IP network NAT uses the host computer s dial up networking or broadband connection 208 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Figure 11 2 Network Address Translation Setup Y virtual machine virtual network adapter DHCP server QUEEF AA Nei i virtual network switch VMnet8 network If you select NAT the virtual machine can use many standard TCP IP protocols to connect to other machines on the external network For example you can use HTTP to browse Web sites FTP to transfer files and Telnet to log on to other computers NAT also allows you to connect to a TCP IP network using a Token Ring adapter on the host computer Network Basics on page 203 In the NAT configuration computers on the external network cannot initiate connections to the virtual machine That means for example that the default configuration does not let you use the virtual machine as a Web server to send Web pages to computers on the external network This configuration has the advantage of protecting the guest
166. e connection to the device try the following procedure To correct autoconnection problems 1 Disconnect and reconnect the device by unplugging it physically and plugging it back in 2 If you see a dialog box warning that the device is in use disable it in the hotplug configuration files in the etc hotplug directory Disconnecting USB Devices from a Virtual Machine Before unplugging a USB device be sure it is in a safe state Follow the procedures the device manufacturer specifies for unplugging the device from a physical computer This is required whether you are physically unplugging it moving it from host to virtual machine moving it between virtual machines or moving it from virtual machine to host This is especially important with data storage devices such as a Zip drive If you move a data storage device too soon after saving a file and the operating system has not actually written the data to the disk you can lose data Configuring Sound VMware Server provides a sound device compatible with the Creative Labs Sound Blaster AudioPCI adapter and supports sound in a variety of Windows and Linux guest operating systems Sound support includes PCM pulse code modulation output and input For example you can play wav files MP3 audio and Real Media audio MIDI output from Windows guests is supported through the Windows software synthesizer MIDI input is not supported and no MIDI support is available for Linux guests V
167. e file or anew blank floppy image file VMware Inc RC DRAFT 147 VMware Server User s Guide To add a new virtual floppy drive to a virtual machine 1 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Floppy Drive For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 Select an option under Host Media to connect to a floppy drive or floppy image on the VMware Server host m Click Use a Physical Drive to connect the virtual floppy drive to a physical drive on the host system m Click Use a Floppy Image to connect the virtual floppy drive to a floppy image file on the host system Click Next Do one of the following on the Properties page m Ifyou selected Use a Physical Drive select the drive to use m Ifyou selected Use an existing floppy image or Create a blank floppy image click Browse to navigate to a file with the flp extension in an existing datastore To enter the path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_ fi lename flp Optional To have the drive connect to the virtual machine when you power on select Connect at power on the default Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard NOTE By default only one floppy drive is enabled in the virtual machine s BIOS If you are adding a second floppy drive to
168. e following the virtual machine name lt vm_name gt vmdk Growable disks increase in size as data is added Growable disk files use a small amount of space at lt vm_name gt _ lt gt vmdk the beginning of the file for virtual machine overhead lt vm_name gt vmdk Preallocated disks are created at their maximum size lt vm_name gt flat vmdk and do not grow Two files are created for each preallocated virtual sym names 2s vindk disk The file without flat in the name contains metadata about the corresponding disk file lt vm_name gt _ lt gt flat vmdk lt vm_name gt vmdk Preallocated virtual disk files split into 2GB chunks lt vm_name gt f lt gt vmdk The number of files depends on the total size of the virtual disk As data is added to a virtual disk the vmdk files grow to a maximum of 2GB each lt vm_name gt _ lt gt vmdk lt vm_name gt _ lt gt f lt gt vmdk lt vm_name gt vmdk Growable virtual disk files split into 2GB chunks lt vm_name gt s lt gt vmdk The number of files depends on the total size of the virtual disk As data is added to a virtual disk the vmdk files grow to a maximum of 2GB each lt vm_name gt _ lt gt vmdk lt vm_name gt _ lt gt s lt gt vmdk lt vm_name gt lt gt vmdk Redo log files store changes to disks that are included in snapshots These redo files are saved lt vm_name gt _ lt gt lt gt vmdk when the virtual machine is powered off o
169. e in the virtual machine such as processors memory hard disks CD DVD drives and network adapters The virtual machine must be powered off to modify most hardware settings You can edit existing hardware including VMware Inc Processors For information about editing the processor count see Editing Virtual Processors on page 270 and Using Two Way Virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing on page 270 Memory For information about optimal virtual machine memory allocation see Allocating Memory to a Virtual Machine on page 268 For information about how to edit memory allocation for a virtual machine see Editing Virtual Machine Memory on page 269 Hard Disks For information about changing the settings for an existing hard disk see Editing a Virtual Hard Disk on page 139 For information about removing a hard disk see Removing a Hard Disk from a Virtual Machine on page 140 Network Adapters For information about changing the settings for an existing virtual network adapter see Editing a Network Adapter on page 216 CD DVD Drives For information about changing the settings for an existing CD DVD drive see Editing a Virtual CD DVD Drive on page 146 For information about removing a CD DVD drive see Removing a CD DVD Drive from a Virtual Machine on page 147 Floppy Drives For information about changing the settings for an existing CD DVD drive see Editin
170. e in the node 1 virtual machine right click the node name from Cluster Manager and select Start Cluster Service In the node 2 virtual machine repeat Step 13 through Step 17 in To install Microsoft Clustering Services on the first node on page 286 with one exception in Step 17 select Join a Cluster You are now finished configuring the cluster VMware Inc Defined Privileges The following tables list the default privileges that when selected for a role can be paired with a user and assigned to an object The following tables use VC to indicate VirtualCenter Server and HC to indicate host client a standalone ESX ESXi or VMware Server host When setting permissions verify all the object types are set with appropriate privileges for each particular action Some operations require access permission at the root folder or parent folder in addition to access to the object being manipulated Some operations require access or performance permission at a parent folder and a related object See Chapter 10 Managing Roles and Permissions on page 193 for information about applying roles to inventory objects See Table 10 1 System Roles on page 196 for a list of predefined grouped privileges This appendix contains the following topics m Alarms on page 290 m Datacenter on page 291 m Datastore on page 291 m Extensions on page 292 m Folders on page 293 m Global on page 293 m
171. e the second node m Install clustering software on both nodes NOTE The virtual disks used to store the operating system and clustering software for the virtual machines nodes in the cluster do not have to be preallocated virtual disks To create the base virtual machine that serves as the first node in the cluster 1 Log in to your VMware Server host as an Administrator user 2 Create anew virtual machine as described in Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines on page 57 Choose the settings you want such as the size of the virtual disk and the virtual memory limit but make sure that you specify VMware Inc 283 VMware Server User s Guide 284 m Windows 2000 Advanced Server or Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition as the guest operating system m SQL1 as the virtual machine name m The correct datastore m Bridged networking for the virtual machine Add a new network adapter that uses either another external adapter or the VMnetl host only adapter For complete isolation from the host you can also use any unused virtual Ethernet switch typically VMnet2 through VMnet7 For information see Adding a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 This adapter is used as the virtual private Ethernet connection for heartbeat monitoring Add the two shared virtual disks m A shared data disk for example data vmdk m A shared quorum disk to store transactions before they are committed to the data dis
172. ecting devices 157 enabling and disabling the controller 152 on a Linux host 156 on a Windows host 155 port specifications 30 supported device types 155 USB 1 1 154 USB 2 0 154 USB controllers adding 152 removing 153 users configuring 194 managing 194 V VGA graphics support 29 VI Web Access changing guest operating system 118 changing virtual machine name 118 changing virtual machine power settings 103 118 configuring VMware Tools scripts 119 Events tab 56 General tab 118 inventory panel 48 log files 17 logging in 47 logging out 56 RC DRAFT managing virtual machine inventory 101 menu options 53 overview 48 Power tab 118 setting guest operating system 118 setting snapshot options 119 setting virtual machine name 118 setting virtual machine power options 118 Snapshot tab 119 Summary tab 50 Tasks tab 55 Virtual Machines tab 103 workspace 48 Virtual Appliance Marketplace 36 54 Virtual Disk Manager 142 virtual disks adding 138 allocating space 136 caching 61 constituent files 314 defragmenting 140 272 editing 139 growable 60 136 independent mode 61 nonpersistent 61 persistent 61 preallocated 60 136 removing 140 SCSI drivers 61 setting maximum size 136 shrinking 91 140 shrinking in Netware 92 size 29 storing on physical disks 61 137 Virtual Disk Manager 142 Virtual Machine Communication Interface VMCI 72 VMware Inc virtual machines VMware Inc adding CD DVD d
173. ed as datastores It is recommended that you add them manually See Managing Datastores on page 103 VMware Server 2 creates hardware version 7 virtual machines by default If you want to use all features of VMware Server 2 it is recommended that you upgrade virtual machines to hardware version 7 You can import hardware version 3 and above virtual machines However the only tasks VI Web Access can perform on hardware version 3 virtual machines are power operations and upgrade To upgrade the hardware version of older virtual machines see Upgrading the Virtual Machine Version on page 69 VMware Server 2 uses a different permissions model from VMware Server 1 After you install VMware Server 2 log in as an administrator user to create and manage permissions for non administrator users See Chapter 10 Managing Roles and Permissions on page 193 VMware Server 2 automatically names both default and custom virtual networks The Networks section of the VI Web Access host Summary tab shows the name virtual network VMnet and network type of each virtual network If you customize virtual networking after installation you must refresh the network as described in Changing the Networking Configuration on page 215 For upgrades from VMware Server 1 if you bridged mapped virtual networks to specific physical or virtual adapters write down the settings you used Although VMware Server 2 generally preserves network set
174. ed to the default host only interface VMnet1 and the other virtual adapter is connected to the newly created host only interface VMnet2 Configuration 1 Connect to the Default Host Only Interface 1 2 3 4 Create the virtual machine or use an existing virtual machine Launch VI Web Access and select the virtual machine Launch the virtual network editor Select NIC select Custom and select VMnet1 Host only on a Windows host or dev vmnet1 on a Linux host from the drop down list on the right If no network adapter is shown in the list of devices click Add and use the Add Hardware wizard to add an adapter Configuration 2 Connect to the Newly Created Host Only Interface 1 2 3 Create the virtual machine or use an existing virtual machine Launch VI Web Access and select the virtual machine Edit the configuration using the virtual network editor Select NIC select Custom and select VMnet 2 Host only on a Windows host or dev vmnet2 on a Linux host from the drop down list on the right If no network adapter is shown in the list of devices click Add and use the Add Hardware wizard to add an adapter Configuration 3 Connect to Two Host Only Interfaces 1 2 3 Create the virtual machine or use an existing virtual machine Launch VI Web Access and select the virtual machine Edit the configuration using the virtual network editor Select the first network adapter in the list of devices sele
175. elect one or both of the VMware Tools options m Select Check and Upgrade VMware Tools before powering on if you want to automatically upgrade VMware Tools whenever a new version is available m Select Synchronize guest time with host to synchronize the time in the guest operating system with the time in the host operating system See Options Tab on page 89 9 Click OK to save your changes and return to the Summary tab Changing Virtual Machine Snapshot Settings This section describes how to change snapshot settings for the virtual machine With these settings you can do the following m Lock the current snapshot so it cannot be updated m Revert to the current snapshot when powering off For detailed information about using snapshots to preserve the state of the virtual machine see Using Snapshots on page 187 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 119 VMware Server User s Guide 120 Locking the Snapshot Locking the current snapshot prevents it from being overwritten The snapshot must already exist To lock the current snapshot 1 In the Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab click Configure VM Click the Snapshot tab In the Current Snapshot section select Lock this snapshot If this check box cannot be selected it means that no snapshot exists Click OK to save your changes and return to the Summary tab Setting Snapshot Power Off Options You can set a virtual machine to automatically revert
176. elow If your VMware Server host is configured to use teamed network interface cards and you use bridged networking with your virtual machines you need to adjust your network settings You do this by binding the VMware Bridge Protocol to the teamed network adapter and unbinding it from each individual physical network adapter on the host See Setting Up the Windows Host on page 231 Before you start using teamed NICs to network your virtual machines you must have a good understanding of how network teaming works in your host environment Support for Network Adapter Teaming VMware supports teamed NICs on Windows hosts with enterprise class network adapters that can be configured for network adapter teaming If there is a specific teamed networking mode such as 802 3ad Dynamic or 802 3ad Draft Static mode you want to use you must use adapters that support that mode NOTE You might be unable to use Host Teamed Broadcom NICs for a bridged virtual network if you are using teamed Broadcom network adapters set to Smart Load Balance and Fail Over using Broadcom team networking software or if you are not running the latest virtual adapter driver To bridge to a teamed Broadcom device make sure that you have installed the latest driver then recreate the team with Generic Trunking as the Team Type VMware has not tested and does not support network adapter teams with VMware Server on Linux hosts VMware Server supports teamed Bro
177. enus include the following m Application Options relevant to the VI Web Access application interface m Virtual Machine Virtual machine commands Most virtual machine operations are enabled only when a virtual machine is selected in the Inventory panel The available menu options are described in the following sections Application Menu The Application menu includes general VI Web Access options for getting version information browsing the Virtual Appliance Marketplace viewing online help and logging out m About Displays the VI Web Access version number VMware Server version number and VMware copyright information m Enter Serial Number Allows you to enter a new VMware Server serial number if your current serial number is expiring VMware Inc RC D RAFT 53 VMware Server User s Guide 54 Virtual Appliance Marketplace Opens the Virtual Appliance Marketplace Web page Virtual appliances are pre built pre configured ready to run enterprise applications packaged with an operating system inside a virtual machine Check for Updates Opens the VMware Server download page Help Displays online help contents Log Out Logs you out of VI Web Access Virtual Machine Menu The Virtual Machine menu includes options for managing the power state of a virtual machine and for viewing the console The menu includes the following commands which can also be performed using the buttons and other visual e
178. er associated with the virtual network On a Linux host run ifconfig in a terminal A NAT configuration also uses an unused private network automatically selected when you install VMware Server To find out which network is used on a Windows host select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks and check the subnet number associated with the virtual network On a Linux host run ifconfig ina terminal Using DHCP to assign IP addresses is simpler than statically assigning them Most Windows operating systems for example come preconfigured to use DHCP at boot time so Windows virtual machines can connect to the network the first time they are booted without additional configuration If you want your virtual machines to communicate with each other using names instead of IP addresses however you must set up a naming convention a name server on the private network or both In that case it might be simpler to use static IP addresses 222 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network In general if you have virtual machines you intend to use frequently or for extended periods of time it is probably most convenient to assign them static IP addresses or to configure the VMware DHCP server to always assign the same IP address to each of these virtual machines To configure the DHCP server on a Linux host 1 Ona Linux host configure the host only DHCP server by editing the DHCP configuration file for VMnet1 etc vmware
179. er name and password combination Roles assigned to users on VMware Server objects determine what actions users can perform on those objects This chapter contains the following topics Access Elements on page 193 Managing Users on page 194 Managing Groups on page 195 Managing Roles on page 195 Managing Permissions on page 198 Access Rules on page 200 Access Elements Access to VMware Server objects and operations is determined based on the following VMware Inc Login information User name and password Users are created and managed using the mechanisms provided by the host operating system Group Membership A group is collection of users A user can be a member of one or more groups RC DRAFT i VMware Server User s Guide Groups provide a convenient way to manage a collection of users Groups are created and managed using the mechanisms provided by the host operating system m Privileges A privilege is a right to perform an individual action on an object or category of objects For example the ability to power on a virtual machine is a privilege in the category of interactions with the virtual machine object This privilege is typically grouped in a role with other power operations on virtual machines For a complete list of available privileges grouped for convenience by category see Appendix A Defined Privileges on page 289 Privileges cannot be modified
180. er that requires the client to use a source port below 1024 it is important that the NAT device forward the request from a port below 1024 You can specify this behavior in the vmnetnat conf file This behavior is controlled by entries in sections headed privilegedUDP and privilegedTCP You might have to add settings to or modify settings in either or both of these sections depending on the kind of connection you need to make You can set two parameters each of which appears on a separate line autodetect lt n gt The autodetect setting determines whether the VMware NAT device automatically attempts to map virtual machine source ports below 1024 to NAT source ports below 1024 A setting of 1 means true A setting of 0 means false On a Windows host the default is 1 true On a Linux host the default is 0 false port lt n gt The port setting specifies a destination port lt n gt is the port on the server that accepts the connection from the client Whenever a virtual machine connects to the specified port on any server the NAT device attempts to make the connection from a source port below 1024 You can include one or more port settings in the privilegedUDP or privilegedTCP section or in both sections as required for the connections you need to make Each port setting must be entered on a separate line Considerations for Using NAT Because NAT requires that every packet sent and received from virtual machines be in
181. erating system for which you licensed the software For example if you have a serial number for a Windows host you cannot run the software on a Linux host Make sure that you enter the serial number for the correct operating system m Guest operating system After VMware Server is installed you need the operating system installation CDs or OS images to set up your guest systems You can also download a virtual appliance from the Virtual Appliance Marketplace or use a bootable CD or PXE image file m Web browser To manage VMware Server using VI Web Access use a supported Web browser as described in VI Web Access and VMware Remote Console Client System Requirements on page 27 Sharing a VMware Server Host with Other VMware Products You cannot have VMware Server installed on the same host machine with another VMware product such as VMware Workstation VMware GSX Server or VMware ESX You cannot have multiple versions of VMware Server installed on the same host The only VMware products that can share a host machine with VMware Server are the VMware VirtualCenter client VMware Infrastructure Client and server software and VMware Converter If you plan to install VMware Server on a host machine that already contains another VMware product you must uninstall that product first NOTE You cannot currently manage VMware Server 2 0 using VirtualCenter On a Windows host uninstall using Add Remove Programs in the Control Pa
182. erface element Clone Virtual Machine wizard Guest Customization VC only Virtual machines Virtual machines Deploy Template Creates a new virtual machine from a template User interface element Deploy to template File menu context menu items Virtual Machines tab VC only Virtual machines Virtual machines Mark As Template Marks an existing powered off virtual machine as a template User interface element Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Template gt Convert to Template context menu items Virtual Machines tab Summary tab VC only Virtual machines Virtual machines Mark As Virtual Machine Marks an existing template as a VM User interface element Convert to Virtual Machine context menu items Virtual Machines tab VC only Virtual machines Virtual machines 310 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Table A 21 Virtual Machine Provisioning Privileges Continued Defined Privileges Pair with Effective on Privilege Name Description Affects Object Object Modify Creates modifies or deletes VC only Root folder Root folder Customization customization specifications Specs User interface element Customization Specifications Manager Read Views the customization specifications VC only Root folder Root folder Customization defined on the system Specs User interface element Edit gt Customization Specifications Virtual Machine S
183. ering problems is installed or running For information about how to enable and disable acceleration see Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 Avoiding Remote Disk Access Avoid configuring virtual disks that are accessed over the network unless you have a very fast network Managing Snapshots and Virtual Disks If you do not need snapshots run your virtual machine without them for best performance For information about how to remove an existing snapshot see Removing a Snapshot on page 191 When no snapshot exists access performance to the flat files that make up a preallocated virtual disk is comparable to the sequential and random access performance of the underlying physical disk When a snapshot exists and you have made changes to a preallocated virtual disk access performance for the changed disk files is somewhat slower and comparable to that of a growable virtual disk which does not have space allocated in advance If you remove the snapshot performance again reflects that of the underlying disk When a snapshot exists virtual disks often have very good performance for random or nonsequential access But they can potentially become so fragmented that performance is affected You can improve performance for these disks by defragmenting them as described in Defragmenting Virtual Disks on page 141 Before you defragment the disk you must first remove the snapshot NOTE After a snapshot
184. es or locations of your virtual machine files This appendix contains the following topic m Files That Make Up a Virtual Machine on page 313 That Make Up a Virtual Machine A virtual machine is typically stored on the host computer ina set of files in the working directory created by VMware Server for that specific virtual machine The General tab of the Configure VM dialog box in the virtual machine Summary tab displays the location of the virtual machine working directory and the virtual machine configuration file Table B 1 lists virtual machine file types by file extension In these examples lt vm_name gt is the name of the virtual machine Table B 1 Virtual Machine Files Extension File Name Description log vmware log Log files contain detailed information about actions vmware lt gt log performed in the virtual machine Log files are useful for troubleshooting nvram lt vm_name gt nvram The NVRAM file stores the virtual machine s BIOS settings VMware Inc RC DRAFT 313 VMware Server User s Guide Table B 1 Virtual Machine Files Continued Extension File Name Description vmdk Virtual disk files store the information written to a virtual machine s hard disk including the operating system program files and data files A virtual disk is made up of one or more vmdk files If you create more than one virtual disk the corresponding disk files include a number in the filenam
185. et1 conf or use IP addresses that are statically bound to a host name Editing the DHCP server configuration file requires information that is best obtained directly from the DHCP server documentation Consult the manual pages dhcpd 8 and dhcpd conf 8 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Setting Up a Second Bridged Network Interface on a Linux Host If your host computer has two network adapters connected to two different networks you can configure your virtual machines on that host computer to bridge to both network adapters That way the virtual machines can access either or both physical networks When you install VMware Server on a host computer with multiple network adapters you have the option of configuring more than one bridged network You can also configure additional bridged networks at any time by rerunning vmware config pl To set up another Bridged network interface on a Linux host 1 On the host computer become root su and run the VMware Server configuration program vmware config pl V CAUTION To configure VMware Server correctly the vmware config pl configuration program requires all virtual machines to be shut down The program shuts down any running virtual machines automatically 2 If you have more than one physical network adapter one of the prompts you see is similar to this The following bridged networks have been defined vmnet is bridged to etho Do you wish to conf
186. etwork m On Linux run vmware config pl to configure VMnet2 and VMnet3 networks The script automatically refreshes the network when it completes the configuration changes Set up four virtual machines using the New Virtual Machine wizard as described in Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines on page 57 a Create the first virtual machine using the default bridged network VMnet0 so it can connect to an external network with the host computer s network adapter This virtual machine acts as the outside firewall for the DMZ and is named FW 1 in this procedure b Create the other three virtual machines without networking The virtual machine with the Web Server is named WS in this procedure The virtual machine that acts as an internal firewall is named FW 2 in this procedure You will set up their virtual network adapters in later steps You will not install the operating systems until Step 8 Configure network settings for the first virtual machine FW 1 a Select virtual machine FW 1 in VI Web Access but do not power it on b Usethe Add Hardware wizard to add the VMnet2 network HostOnly 1 to the virtual machine See Adding a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 Configure network settings for the Web Server virtual machine as follows a Select WS in VI Web Access but do not power it on b Use the Add Hardware wizard to add the VMnet2 HostOnly 1 network adapter to the virtual machine See Adding
187. ew Virtual Machine wizard to create a virtual machine you specify the guest operating system type and version VMware Server chooses virtual machine configuration defaults based on the guest type and version you select When you want to upgrade a guest operating system to a newer version you must m Update the virtual machine information about the guest operating system type and version as described in this section m Follow the instructions provided by the operating system vendor to update the guest operating system RC DRAFT VMware Inc Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines To update configuration information about the guest operating system 1 Select the virtual machine 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off 3 Inthe Commands section of the workspace click Configure VM 4 In the Guest Operating System section of the General tab select the new guest operating system type and version The setting you specify here is written to the virtual machine s configuration file NOTE This setting does not change the guest operating system itself 5 Power on the virtual machine To update the guest operating system 1 Follow the instructions provided by the operating system vendor to update the guest operating system 2 After the guest operating system is installed use the standard tools within the operating system to configure its settings Upgrading the Virtual Machine Version If you created virtual m
188. f computers to achieve high availability scalability or both To users the cluster appears to be a single system For example to provide high availability a cluster could have a single node serving as a database during normal operation while the other nodes run other applications If the database node crashes the database application can recover by restarting the database on another node VMware Server clustering capabilities are ideally suited for development testing and training applications In a typical virtual machine cluster m Each virtual machine is one node in the cluster m Disks are shared between nodes Shared disks are required when the application uses dynamic data such as mail servers and database servers Shared virtual disks must be preallocated not growable VMware Inc 277 VMware Server User s Guide m Extra network connections between nodes can monitor heartbeat status m A method for redirecting incoming requests is available NOTE Always rigorously test and review your cluster before deploying it in a production environment Clustering Software Requirements The only supported clustering software is Microsoft Clustering Service In Windows 2000 Microsoft Clustering Service provides failover support for two to four node clusters for applications such as databases file servers and mail servers In Windows Server 2003 Microsoft Clustering Service provides failover support for two to eight
189. figuration questions on the screen Press Enter to accept the default value Log out of the root account exit Optional Start your graphical environment In an X terminal to start the VMware User process enter the following command vmware user Optional To start the VMware Tools control panel enter the following command vmware toolbox amp To change the default VMware Tools configuration options see Using the VMware Tools Control Panel on page 88 You can run VMware Tools as root or as a normal user To shrink virtual disks or change VMware Tools scripts you must run VMware Tools as root Installing VMware Tools in a FreeBSD Guest System Before you begin make sure that the virtual machine is powered on and the guest operating system is running 82 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools To install VMware Tools in a FreeBSD guest operating system 1 10 11 12 13 VMware Inc In VI Web Access click Install VMware Tools in the Status section of the virtual machine Summary tab If an earlier version of VMware Tools is installed click Upgrade VMware Tools Click the Console tab The remaining steps take place inside the virtual machine Make sure that the guest operating system is running in text mode You cannot install VMware Tools while X is running In the guest log in as root su If necessary mount the VMware Tools virtual CD ROM image by entering a command
190. fore starting the next virtual machine in the list VMware Inc RC DRAFT 109 VMware Server User s Guide This delay prevents placing an excessive burden on the host resources m Start next VM immediately if the VMware Tools start Select to start the next virtual machine in the startup list immediately after VMware Tools starts in the current virtual machine m Default Shutdown Delay Enter the amount of time in seconds to wait after shutting down a virtual machine before shutting down the next virtual machine in the list This delay prevents placing an excessive burden on the host resources m Shutdown Action Select Power Off Suspend or Shut down guest Specifying the Startup and Shutdown Order for Virtual Machines After virtual machines are configured to start and shut down automatically you can set the order in which the virtual machines are started and shut down To configure the startup and shutdown order for virtual machines 1 Make sure that system wide settings are enabled See Enabling System Wide Startup and Shutdown Settings on page 109 2 Move virtual machines between and within the following lists by selecting one or more virtual machines and clicking Move Up or Move Down m Specified Order These virtual machines are listed in the order in which they are configured to start up The virtual machines are shut down in the reverse order from which they are started m Any Order These virtual
191. g a Parallel Port from a Virtual Machine on page 171 Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine 130 Use the Add Hardware wizard to add new hardware to a virtual machine The virtual machine must be powered off to add most types of hardware You can add a SCSI virtual disk to a hardware version 7 virtual machine when the virtual machine is powered on In some circumstances you can also hot add a virtual machine with an earlier hardware version See Adding a Hard Disk to a Virtual Machine on page 138 To start the Add Hardware wizard 1 2 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel Make sure the virtual machine is powered off unless you are adding a SCSI virtual hard disk If the virtual machine is not already powered off shut down the guest operating system and click Power Off on the VI Web Access toolbar In the Commands section of the Summary tab click Add Hardware The Add Hardware wizard opens Add hardware to an existing virtual machine m Hard Disks See Adding a Hard Disk to a Virtual Machine on page 138 m Network Adapters See Adding a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Running Virtual Machines CD DVD Drives See Adding a CD DVD Drive to a Virtual Machine on page 144 Floppy Drives See Adding a Floppy Drive to a Virtual Machine on page 147 Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices See Adding a Passthrough Generic
192. g a Virtual Floppy Drive on page 149 For information about removing a floppy drive see Removing a Floppy Drive from a Virtual Machine on page 150 Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices For information about changing the settings for an existing passthrough SCSI device see Editing Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices on page 151 For information about removing a passthrough SCSI device see Removing Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices on page 151 RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide USB Controller For information about configuring USB devices see Configuring USB Controllers and Devices on page 152 For information about removing a USB controller see Removing a USB Controller from a Virtual Machine on page 153 Sound Adapter For information about changing the settings for a sound adapter see Editing a Virtual Sound Adapter on page 158 For information about removing a sound adapter see Removing a Sound Adapter from a Virtual Machine on page 159 Serial Ports For information about changing the settings for serial ports see Editing a Virtual Serial Port on page 162 For information about removing a serial port see Removing a Serial Port from a Virtual Machine on page 163 Parallel Ports For information about changing the settings for parallel ports see Editing a Virtual Parallel Port on page 171 For information about removing a parallel port see Removin
193. g and the operating system actually running in the virtual machine Although selecting the wrong guest operating system might degrade the virtual machine s performance it is not likely to cause a virtual machine to run incorrectly Installing VMware Tools Always install VMware Tools in any guest operating system for which a VMware Tools package exists VMware Tools sets up the VMware Tools service to run automatically when the system starts VMware Tools provides improved video and mouse performance and greatly improves the usability of the virtual machine VMware Tools also allows you to synchronize the virtual machine s clock with the host computer s clock which can improve performance for some functions For more information see Running VMware Tools on page 116 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 271 VMware Server User s Guide 272 Installing or Running Applications in a Guest Operating System It is sometimes necessary to temporarily disable acceleration in a virtual machine to resolve problems with a guest operating system application that crashes or seems to hang or reports that it is running under a debugger Usually it is possible to re enable acceleration after installing or starting the application Disabling acceleration degrades virtual machine performance If the problem occurs only during application installation or startup you can improve performance by resuming accelerated operation after the application that was encount
194. g file is created in C Windows system32 or C WINNT system32 On Linux hosts the vmauthd Log file is created in var log vmware VI Web Access Log Files On Windows hosts Tomcat Web server log files are located in the directory lt ALLUSERSPROFILE gt VMware tomcat logs For example C Documents and Settings All Users Application Data VMware tomcat logs On Linux hosts log files are located in the directory var log vmware WebAccess VMware Remote Console Log Files On Windows clients the VMware Remote Console log files are named vmware lt username gt lt nnnn gt Log located in the directory TEMP vmware lt username gt On Linux clients the VMware Remote Console log files are named vmrc lt nnnn gt Log and lt nnnn gt log located in the directory tmp vmware lt username gt VMware Inc RC DRAFT 17 VMware Server User s Guide 18 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Introduction and System Requirements This chapter describes the key product features and benefits of using VMware Server It also describes the system requirements for operating VMware Server This chapter contains the following topics VMware Server Product Benefits on page 19 New Features of VMware Server 2 0 on page 20 Host System Requirements on page 23 VI Web Access and VMware Remote Console Client System Requirements on page 27 Virtual Machine Specifications on page 28 Supported Guest Operating Systems
195. g on a single host system is limited only by the amount of memory on the host computer You must have enough memory to run the host operating system plus the memory required for each guest operating system and for applications on the host and guest systems See Virtual Machine Specifications on page 28 and your guest operating system and application documentation for additional memory requirements The maximum amount of memory per virtual machine is 8GB Disk Drives Guest operating systems typically reside in virtual disk files although you can also boot from CD ROM or from a Preboot Execution Environment PXE server Hard Disk m DE and SCSI hard drives are supported m At least 1 7GB free disk space is required for basic installation You can delete the installer afterwards to reclaim approximately 600MB disk space RC DRAFT VMware Inc Introduction and System Requirements If you use a default setup the disk space needs are approximately the same as those for installing and running the guest operating system and applications on a physical computer Optical CD DVD Drive m IDE and SCSI optical drives are supported m CD ROM and DVD ROM drives are supported m ISO disk image files are supported Floppy Drives Virtual machines can connect to the host s floppy drives Floppy disk image files are also supported Local Area Networking m Any Ethernet controller supported by the host operating system m Static IP a
196. g out of the root account exit Using a Samba Server for Both Bridged and Host Only Networks You can use the Samba server of your choice either the existing Samba server from your host operating system s distribution or the one provided with VMware Server for both host only and bridged networking To do so you must modify one parameter in the smb conf file You can define the interface parameter so your Samba server serves multiple interfaces An example of this is interface ethO vmnet1 This example tells the Samba server that it is to listen to and use both the eth and vmnet1 interfaces the interfaces used by bridged and host only networking respectively Using VMware Server s Samba with an Existing Installation You can also run both your existing Samba server and the VMware Server Samba server at the same time To do this your current Samba server must be version 2 0 6 or higher and must be configured correctly However this approach is not recommended To determine the version of your Samba server run smbd V If you want to try running both Samba servers at the same time use this sample smb conf file as a basis for configuring the regular Samba server on your host computer Sample smb conf for Running Two Samba Servers at the Same Time This file is the recommended smb conf file for your normal Samba server if you want to run it concurrently which we don t advise with the VMware Samba server
197. g the virtual network editor Select NIC select Custom and select VMnet1 Host only on a Windows host or dev vmnet1 on a Linux host from the drop down list on the right If no network adapter is shown in the list of devices click Add and use the Add Hardware wizard to add an adapter Virtual Machine 2 Connected to the Newly Created Host Only Interface 1 2 3 Create the virtual machine or use an existing virtual machine Launch a VMware Server Console and open the virtual machine Edit the configuration using the virtual network editor Select NIC select Custom and select VMnet2 Host only on a Windows host or dev vmnet2 on a Linux host from the drop down list on the right If no network adapter is shown in the list of devices click Add and use the Add Hardware wizard to add an adapter If you plan to run the router software on your host computer you can skip the next section Virtual Machine 3 Connected to Both Host Only Interfaces If you plan to run the router software on a virtual machine set up a third virtual machine for that purpose 1 2 3 VMware Inc Create the virtual machine or use an existing virtual machine Launch a VMware Server Console and open the virtual machine Edit the configuration using the virtual network editor Select the first network adapter in the list of devices select Custom and select VMnet1 Host only on a Windows host or dev vmnet1 on a Linux host from
198. g you to reboot the machine To configure the video driver on older versions of Windows 1 Inthe message box that prompts you to reboot click No 2 Follow the instructions in the Notebook file The instructions are specific to each operating system They provide steps for selecting the VMware SVGA driver usually in the Display Properties Settings dialog box and installing it from the VMware Tools ISO image The English version of the instructions from the Notebook file are reprinted in Knowledge Base article 1001819 at the VMware Web site Automating the Installation of VMware Tools in a Windows Guest If you are installing VMware Tools in a number of Windows virtual machines you can automate its installation This silent installation feature uses the Microsoft Windows Installer runtime engine Make sure that the Microsoft Windows Installer runtime engine version 2 0 or higher is installed in the guest operating system Version 2 0 or higher is included with newer versions of Windows If you are installing VMware Tools in older Windows guest operating systems check the version of the WINDIR system32 msiexec exe file VMware Inc RC D RAFT 75 VMware Server User s Guide 76 If the file version is not 2 0 or higher upgrade the engine by running instmsiw exe instmsia exe for Windows 95 or Windows 98 guests which is included with the VMware Tools installer For more information about using the Microsoft Windows Installer inc
199. ge the default VMware Tools configuration options see Using the VMware Tools Control Panel on page 88 You can run VMware Tools as root or as a normal user To shrink virtual disks or to change any VMware Tools scripts you must run VMware Tools as root Installing VMware Tools in a Solaris Guest System Before you begin make sure that the virtual machine is powered on and the guest operating system is running To install VMware Tools in a Solaris guest operating system 1 In VI Web Access click Install VMware Tools in the Status section of the virtual machine Summary tab If an earlier version of VMware Tools is installed click Upgrade VMware Tools VMware Inc RC DRAFT 81 VMware Server User s Guide 10 Click the Console tab The remaining steps take place inside the virtual machine In the guest log in as root su If necessary mount the VMware Tools virtual CD ROM image Usually the Solaris volume manager vold mounts the CD ROM under cdrom vmwaretoolLs If the CD ROM is not mounted restart the volume manager using the following commands etc init d volmgt stop etc init d volmgt start After the CD ROM is mounted change to a working directory for example tmp and extract VMware Tools by entering the following commands cd tmp gunzip c cdrom vmwaretools vmware solaris tools tar gz tar xf Run the VMware Tools tar installer cd vmware tools distrib vmware instal1 plL Respond to the con
200. h are not shown in this example Any line that starts with a semicolon or a hash is a comment and is ignored In this example we will use a for commentary and a for parts of the config file that you might wish to enable Configuration file for Samba 2 0 6 vmware sn mbd operating on vmnet1 This file was generated by the VMware configuration program and modified for this document If you modify it it will be backed up the next time you run the configuration program SS HH RR HH HHH HH HH HH HH Global settings global This should be polled at install time from the private subnet created by vmware config pl socket address 192 168 183 1 interfaces vmnetl bind interfaces only yes workgroup WORKGROUP netbios name HOSTNAME server string VMware host only security user encrypt passwords yes Note Printers not loaded in this example Resource definitions commented below load printers yes socket options TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF 8192 SO_SNDBUF 8192 VMware extension to use a different shared memory access key on each Samba server running on this host VMware Inc RC DRAFT 251 VMware Server User s Guide 252 sysv shm key dev vmnet1 log file etc vmware vmnet1 smb var 1log smb log level 1 max log size in KB max log size 50 lock directory etc vmware vmnet1 smb var locks smb passwd file etc vmware vmnet1 smb private smbpasswd codepage dir
201. hange the range of IP addresses provided by the DHCP server on a particular virtual network You can also set the duration of leases provided to clients on the virtual network 6 When you have made all the changes you want to make on all tabs of the VMware Network Editor click OK Enabling Disabling Adding and Removing Host Virtual Adapters When you install VMware Server two network adapters are added to the configuration of your host operating system one that allows the host to connect to the host only network and one that allows the host to connect to the NAT network If you are not using these adapters you can remove them users on Windows hosts can disable the adapters instead of removing them The presence of these adapters has a slight performance cost because broadcast packets must go to the extra adapters On Windows networks browsing your network can be slower than usual And in some cases these adapters interact with the host computer s networking configuration in undesirable ways VMware Inc RC DRAFT 219 VMware Server User s Guide 220 To disable a host virtual adapter on a Windows host 1 2 3 4 5 Use the virtual network editor to disable any unwanted adapters from the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks Select the Host Virtual Adapters tab Select the adapter you want to disable Click Disable adapter Click OK To enable a disabled host vi
202. hardware settings 9 Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard 10 Power on the virtual machine Serial Port Debugging Usage Examples You can use Debugging Tools for Windows WinDbg or the command line Kernel Debugger KD to debug kernel code in a virtual machine over a virtual serial port You can download Debugging Tools for Windows from the Windows DDK Web site at http www microsoft com whdc devtools debugging default mspx The following examples illustrate how to use a virtual serial port to debug kernel code m With the debugging application on the VMware Server host Windows host only m With the debugging application in another virtual machine on the same VMware Server host Linux or Windows Either of these methods enables you to debug kernel code on a single system instead of requiring two physical computers a modem or a serial cable RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Debugging an Application in a Virtual Machine from the Windows or Linux Host In this example you have kernel code to debug in a virtual machine called the target virtual machine and are running WinDbg or KD on your Windows host To prepare the target virtual machine 1 Follow the steps in Connecting a Virtual Machine with an Application on the Host System on page 163 and configure the virtual machine s virtual serial port as follows m For the Near End select Is a server m Se
203. hat Conflict with Snapshots on page 188 do not take a snapshot when the virtual machine is communicating with another computer NOTE If your use of virtual machines is strongly performance oriented consider defragmenting the guest operating system s drives before taking a snapshot Use the guest operating system s defragmentation utility See Virtual Disk Maintenance Tasks on page 140 To take a snapshot 1 Inthe Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab expand the Snapshot command if not already expanded and click Take Snapshot 2 Ifa snapshot already exists a dialog box asks you if you want to overwrite the existing snapshot If you want to overwrite it click Yes A new snapshot is created Reverting to a Snapshot You can restore the virtual machine to the point in time that a snapshot was taken The current disk settings and memory states are discarded and the virtual machine reverts to the disk settings and memory states of the snapshot See What Is Captured by a Snapshot on page 188 To revert to a snapshot 1 In the Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab expand the Snapshot command if not already expanded and click Revert to Snapshot 2 A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to revert to the snapshot If you want to revert to the snapshot click Yes You can also configure a virtual machine to automatically revert to the snapshot or to ask you whet
204. he VMnetl host only adapter See Adding a Virtual Network Adapter on page 215 285 VMware Server User s Guide 286 Add the two virtual disks quorum vmdk and data vmdk you previously created See Adding a Hard Disk to a Virtual Machine on page 138 You must select Use an Existing Virtual Disk and browse to quorum vmdk and data vmdk Add the following parameters to the virtual machine configuration file SQL2 vmx as described in Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 m Setscsil sharedBustovirtual m Setdisk lockingto false This enables SCSI reservation which is described in more detail in Using SCSI Reservation to Share Virtual SCSI Disks on page 278 You are finished creating the second node Now that you have virtual machines for both nodes in your two node cluster you can install the clustering services software To install Microsoft Clustering Services on the first node 1 2 Power on the node 1 virtual machine At the Windows setup prompts enter the following m The Windows serial number m The host name SQL1 m The IP addresses of the public and private network adapters NOTE For the public network adapter enter an IP address that belongs to the physical network For the private IP address you can use an address like 192 168 x x with a class C subnet mask 255 255 255 0 At the end of the process Windows reboots Start the Disk Management utility a
205. he 2 2 x kernels that support parallel ports use the parport parport_pc and vmppuser modules Make sure that PC Style Hardware CONFIG_PARPORT_PC is loaded as a module On Linux hosts VMware Server requires that the parallel port PC style hardware option CONFIG_PARPORT_PC be built and loaded as a kernel module set to m VMware Server cannot use parallel port devices if CONFIG_PARPORT_PC is built directly compiled into the kernel This limitation exists because CONFIG_PARPORT_PC does not correctly export its symbols The vmppuser module is supplied by VMware Server to allow virtual machines user level access to the parallel port RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware To check the module configuration 1 Determine whether the parport parport_pc and vmppuser modules are installed and running on your system by running the 1smod command as the root user All three modules must be included in the listing of running modules You can also look at the proc modules file for the same list To load the proper modules run this command insmod lt modulename gt If none of the listed parallel port modules is loaded enter this command insmod parport_pc This command inserts the three modules needed for a parallel port If you continue to have problems it is possible that the 1p module is running If it is the virtual machine cannot use the parallel port correctly If the Lp module is loaded run the f
206. he following m Select the virtual machine from the Inventory panel and click the button in the toolbar that indicates the desired power state RC DRAFT VMware Inc Running Virtual Machines m From the host workspace Virtual Machines tab select the virtual machine and click the button in the toolbar that indicates the desired power state Table 7 1 describes what happens when you change the power state of a virtual machine Table 7 1 Toolbar Power Operations Button Description m Powers off the virtual machine Depending on how you have configured the power options for this virtual machine VMware Server might shut down the guest operating system and execute any scripts associated with this power state change When this icon is depressed the virtual machine is powered off DI Suspends a running virtual machine Depending on how you have configured the power options for this virtual machine VMware Server might put the guest operating system on standby and execute any scripts associated with this power state change When this icon is depressed the virtual machine is suspended g Powers on a stopped virtual machine or resumes a suspended virtual machine Depending on how you have configured the power options for this virtual machine VMware Server might restart or resume the guest operating system and execute any scripts associated with this power state change When this icon is depressed the virtual machine is runn
207. he server to go ahead with a VC only Clusters Clusters Recommenda suggested VMotion tion User interface element Cluster DRS tab Assign Virtual Assigns virtual machines to a resource Cand VC Resource Resource Machine To pool pools pools Pool User interface element New Virtual Machine wizard Create Pool Creates a new resource pool HCand VC Resource Resource User interface element File menu pools pools clusters clusters context menu Summary tab Resources tab VMware Inc RC DRAFT 301 VMware Server User s Guide Table A 14 Resource Privileges Continued Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Migrate Migrates a virtual machine s execution VC only Virtual Virtual to a specific resource pool or host machines machines User interface element Inventory context menu Virtual Machine Summary tab Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Migrate drag and drop Modify Pool Changes the allocations of a resource HCand VC Resource Resource pool pools plus pools User interface element Inventory gt parent Resource Pool gt Remove Resources object tab Move Pool Moves a resource pool HCand VC Resource Resource Privilege must be present at both the pools pools source and destination source and User interface element destination Drag and drop Query Investigates the general VMotion VC only Root folder Root folder VMotion compatibility of a virtual machine wi
208. her you want to revert to the snapshot whenever you power off the virtual machine See Setting Snapshot Power Off Options on page 120 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine Removing a Snapshot Removing the snapshot writes the contents of the snapshot to the virtual disk This action does not destroy any data in the virtual machine Moving forward any changes you make as you run the virtual machine are written to the virtual disk You cannot revert to a previous state because the snapshot no longer exists Removing a snapshot when the virtual machine is powered off can take a long time depending on the size of the snapshot file To remove the snapshot 1 Power off the virtual machine 2 Inthe Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab expand the Snapshot command if not already expanded and click Remove Snapshot 3 A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the snapshot If you want to remove it click Yes The snapshot is removed Locking a Snapshot Locking the current snapshot prevents it from being overwritten You can lock a snapshot after it has been taken See Locking the Snapshot on page 120 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 191 VMware Server User s Guide 192 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing Roles and Permissions This chapter describes how to manage access to VMware Server using roles and permissions VMware Server authenticates users based on the login us
209. hine see Allocating Memory to a Virtual Machine on page 268 you can specify the following host wide VMware Server memory settings m How much of the host system s memory can be used for all running virtual machines m The extent to which the host system s memory manager can swap virtual machines out of physical RAM These settings affect both virtual machine and overall system performance Reserving Host Memory for Virtual Machine Use You can limit the amount of host memory that VMware Server is allowed to consume for all running virtual machines This is the reserved memory limit configured as described in Reserving Host Memory for All Virtual Machines on page 107 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 267 VMware Server User s Guide If you set this value too high the host might perform poorly when other applications are running on the host If you set this value too low virtual machines might perform poorly and fewer virtual machines can run simultaneously Reserved memory is allocated as needed and the amount in use varies while virtual machines are running If multiple virtual machines are running simultaneously they manage the memory between each other Even when multiple virtual machines are running simultaneously VMware Server might be using only a fraction of the reserved memory limit Unused host memory is available for use by other applications However if all the reserved host memory is in use by one or more virt
210. hines automatically Use the wizard to modify your configuration After asking about a NAT network the program asks Do you want to be able to use host only networking in your virtual machines Answer yes The wizard reports on host only networks that you have already set up on the host or if none is present configures the first host only network The wizard asks Do you wish to configure another host only network Answer yes Repeat this step until you have as many host only networks as you want Then answer no Complete the wizard When it is finished it restarts all services used by VMware Server Run ifconfig You should see at least four network interfaces eth0 Lo vmnet1 and vmnet2 If the VMnet interfaces do not show up immediately wait for a minute then run the command again These four interfaces should have different IP address on separate subnets Setting Up the Virtual Machines Now you have two host only network adapters on the host computer Each is connected to its own virtual switch VMnet1 and VMnet2 You are ready to create and configure your virtual machines and connect them to the appropriate virtual switches RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Virtual Machine 1 Connected to the Default Host Only Interface 1 2 3 Create the virtual machine or use an existing virtual machine Launch a VMware Server Console and open the virtual machine Edit the configuration usin
211. host system enter one of the following m On Windows hosts The pipe name must be in the format pipe lt namedpipe gt The name must begin with pipe m On Linux hosts The pipe name must be tmp lt socket gt or another UNIX socket name of your choice For the Near End select Is a server or Is a client Select Is a server if you plan to start this end of the connection first For the Far End select Is an application Optional To connect to the named pipe when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on the default Optional on Windows hosts only Expand I O Mode to select Yield CPU on poll which is deselected by default The kernel in the target virtual machine uses the virtual serial port in polled mode not interrupt mode For more information see Yielding CPU on Poll to Improve Performance When Debugging Windows Hosts Only on page 168 Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard On your host system configure the application that communicates with the virtual machine to use the same pipe name for a Windows host or the UNIX socket name for a Linux host Power on the virtual machine Connecting Two Virtual Machines You can set up the virtual serial ports in two virtual machines to connect to each other For example an application in one virtual machine the client can capture
212. ice node from the drop down menus See Device Type and Node Settings on page 137 Optional In the Disk Mode section select whether or not to run the disk in Independent Mode An independent disk can be persistent or nonpersistent Disks in Independent Mode are not affected by snapshots If you have a snapshot you must remove it to change the disk mode See Removing a Snapshot on page 191 See Disk Mode Settings on page 136 Optional In the Policies section select the write caching policy for the disk See Disk Write Caching Policy Setting on page 137 Click OK to save your changes Removing a Hard Disk from a Virtual Machine When you remove a hard disk from a virtual machine you can choose whether or not the disk files are removed from the host system To remove an existing hard disk 1 2 3 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the hard disk to remove and select one of the following m Remove Removes the hard disk from the virtual machine m Delete from Disk Removes the hard disk from the virtual machine and deletes the associated disk files from the host system A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the disk If you want to remove it click Yes The virtual disk is removed Virtual Disk Maintenance Tasks Defragmenting virtual disks
213. ies page select a physical port from the drop down menu 4 Optional To connect to the host s serial port when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on the default 5 Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings 6 Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard To add an output file parallel port to the virtual machine 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 1 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Parallel Port For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 2 Click Output file 3 On the Properties page type the path and filename for the output file or click Browse to navigate to a file in an existing datastore To enter the path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_filename 4 Optional To connect to the host s serial port when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on the default 5 Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings 6 Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Editing a Virtual Parallel Port You can edit a virtual parallel port to change its configuration settings To edit an existing parallel port 1 2 3 4 6 Select the virtual machine to mo
214. ification area of the guest s Windows taskbar If you cannot find the VMware Tools icon in the notification area use the guest s Windows Control Panel to display it See Using the Windows Control Panel to Display the Taskbar Icon on page 89 m In Linux FreeBSD and Solaris guests open a terminal window and enter the command usr bin vmware toolbox amp m In NetWare guests do one of the following m InaNetWare 5 1 or higher guest select Novell gt Settings gt VMware Tools for NetWare m Ina NetWare 4 2 guest use VMware Tools commands in the system console The VMware Tools program is called vmwtool RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools Using the Windows Control Panel to Display the Taskbar Icon If VMware Tools is installed in a Windows guest operating system but the VMware Tools icon does not appear in the notification area of the Windows taskbar you can use the Windows Control Panel to display it To use the Windows Control Panel to display the taskbar icon 1 2 3 Go to Start gt Control Panel Double click the VMware Tools icon On the Options tab select Show VMware Tools in the taskbar and click Apply Options Tab The Options tab of the VMware Tools control panel provides the following options VMware Inc Time synchronization between the virtual machine and the host operating system Periodically every minute checks whether the guest operating system s time is l
215. ight have undesirable effects This and other behavior related to key code mapping can be controlled by powering off the virtual machine closing the VMware Server window and using a text editor to add configuration settings to the virtual machine s configuration vmx file You might want to use some of the following configuration settings m xkeymap usekeycodeMapIfxXFree86 TRUE Use key code mapping if you are using an XFree86 server even if it is remote m xkeymap usekeycodeMap TRUE Always use key code mapping regardless of server type m xkeymap nokeycodeMap TRUE Never use key code mapping m xkeymap keycode lt code gt lt v scan code gt If you are using key code mapping map key code lt code gt to lt v scan code gt In this example lt code gt must be a decimal number and lt v scan code gt is a C syntax hexadecimal number for example 0x001 The easiest way to find the X key code for a key is to run xev or xmodmap pk Most of the v scan codes are covered in V Scan Code Table on page 180 The keysym mapping tables described in this section are also helpful Use this feature to make small modifications to the mapping For example to swap left Ctrl and Caps Lock use the following settings xkeymap keycode 64 xkeymap keycode 37 OxQ1d 4 X Caps_Lock gt VM left ctrl 0x03a X Control_L gt VM caps lock These configuration lines can be added to your personal VMware Server configuration
216. igure another bridged network yes no no Answer yes 3 If you have additional physical network adapters not yet connected to a bridged network the prompt is repeated showing information about all currently configured bridged networks 4 When you have set up all the bridged networks you want type no Configuring Bridged Networking When Using Teamed Network Interface Cards Network adapter teaming where two or more network interface cards work as one and appear as a single separate device provides a VMware Server host and the virtual machines running on it with a level of network hardware fault tolerance If one physical network adapter fails then network traffic for the host and virtual machines can continue using the remaining network adapters in the team VMware Inc RC DRAFT 229 VMware Server User s Guide 230 Another method for providing fault tolerance is by making sure that automatic bridging is enabled This feature is available on Windows hosts only and is enabled by default For more information see Configuring Bridged Networking Options on a Windows Host on page 217 This method is more limited than using network adapter teaming as it does not allow for load balancing switch fault tolerance fault tolerance to any necessary services running on the host or the ability to specify an adapter as the primary or secondary adapter Certain network adapter teaming modes provide load balancing and are discussed b
217. iguring Virtual Machine Hardware 135 VMware Inc Configuring Hard Disks 135 Hard Disk Types and Properties 136 Adding a Hard Disk to a Virtual Machine 138 Editing a Virtual Hard Disk 139 Removing a Hard Disk from a Virtual Machine 140 Virtual Disk Maintenance Tasks 140 Configuring CD DVD Drives 143 CD DVD Drive Type and Properties 144 Adding a CD DVD Drive to a Virtual Machine 144 Editing a Virtual CD DVD Drive 146 Removing a CD DVD Drive from a Virtual Machine 147 Configuring Floppy Drives 147 Adding a Floppy Drive to a Virtual Machine 147 Editing a Virtual Floppy Drive 149 Removing a Floppy Drive from a Virtual Machine 150 Configuring Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices 150 Adding a Passthrough Generic SCSI Device 150 Editing Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices 151 Removing Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices 151 Configuring SCSI Controllers 152 Configuring USB Controllers and Devices 152 Adding a USB Controller to a Virtual Machine 152 Removing a USB Controller from a Virtual Machine 153 Connecting USB Devices 153 Using USB Devices in a Virtual Machine 154 VMware Server User s Guide Disconnecting USB Devices from a Virtual Machine 157 Configuring Sound 157 Adding a Sound Adapter to a Virtual Machine 158 Editing a Virtual Sound Adapter 158 Removing a Sound Adapter from a Virtual Machine 159 Configuring Serial Ports 159 Adding a Serial Port to a Virtual Machine 159 Editing a Virtual Serial Port 162 Removing a Serial Port from
218. ile an application in the virtual machine is sending a transaction to a database on a separate machine If you revert to that snapshot after the transaction starts but before it has been committed the database could be inconsistent 188 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine Enabling and Disabling Background Snapshots for All Virtual Machines Taking a snapshot is not instantaneous You can edit a host wide setting to take snapshots as a background activity This allows you to continue working while VMware Server preserves the state of the virtual machine However enabling background snapshots for a host with slow hard disks can adversely affect performance If you experience significant performance problems when taking or restoring snapshots disable background snapshots The procedure to configure the host wide setting to enable and disable background snapshots is described in Enabling and Disabling Background Snapshots on page 108 Snapshots and a Virtual Machine s Hard Disks When the virtual machine writes new data to disk after a snapshot is created that data is written to redo log files These files can grow quite large as newly saved data continues to accumulate in them until you take an action that affects the snapshot Be aware of how much disk space these files consume m Remove a snapshot When you remove the snapshot the changes accumulated in the redo log files are written permanently
219. iles are named vmware lt n gt log Also save any dump Windows or core Linux files VMware Host Agent Log File The VMware Host Agent writes information to log files On a Windows and Linux hosts the files are named hostd lt n gt log On Windows hosts the files are located in the directory lt ALLUSERSPROFILE gt VMware VMware Server For example C Documents and Settings All Users Application Data VMware VMware Server On Linux host systems the files are located in the directory var log vmware VMware Authorization Service Log File You can manually enable logging for the VMware Authorization Service named vmware authd on Linux hosts To enable logging for the VMware Authorization Service 1 Ina text editor edit the following file m Windows config ini located in the directory lt ALLUSERSPROFILE gt VMware VMware Server For example 16 RC DRAFT VMware Inc About This Book C Documents and Settings All Users Application Data VMware VMware Server m Linux etc vmware config 2 Add the following lines to the configuration file vmauthd LogEnabled TRUE log vmauthdFileName vmauthd log pref hardLimitDebug 2 3 To enable logging m Ona Windows host select Start gt Administrative Tools gt Services right click VMware Authorization Service and select Restart m Ona Linux host the log file is enabled when you save and close the configuration file On Windows hosts the vmauthd Lo
220. in the drive and run DMACHECK EXE from the SUPPORT UTILS 1386 folder on the CD Alternatively download DMACHECK EXE from the Microsoft Web site http support microsoft com kb q191774 Click the Enabled option for the IDE controller and channel configured for the virtual disk Typically this is channel 0 only unless you have the virtual machine configured with multiple virtual disks and no virtual CD DVD drive Do not enable DMA on an IDE channel with a virtual CD DVD drive attached Monitoring Virtual Machine Performance on Windows Hosts VMware Server provides a set of counters that the Microsoft Performance console can use to collect performance data from running virtual machines VMware Inc RC DRAFT 275 VMware Server User s Guide 276 The Performance console is available only on Windows hosts However you can monitor the performance of any type of guest operating system including Linux guests The VMware Server performance counters can monitor the following data from a running virtual machine m Reads and writes to virtual disks m Memory usage m Virtual network traffic You can track virtual machine performance only when a virtual machine is running The performance counters reflect the state of the virtual machine not the guest operating system For example the counters can determine how often the guest reads from a virtual disk but cannot determine how many processes are running in the guest To add counters t
221. indows 2000 Advanced Server SP3 SP4 Linux 64 Bit Guest Operating Systems Mandriva Linux 2006 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 1 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 0 Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 4 5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 4 5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux WS 4 5 SUSE Linux 9 0 SP1 SP2 SP3 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 0 SP1 SP2 SP3 SP4 SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 10 10 1 10 2 openSUSE 10 2 formerly known as SUSE Linux 10 2 Open Enterprise Server SP1 SP2 Ubuntu Linux 8 04 Ubuntu Linux 7 10 Ubuntu Linux 7 04 Ubuntu Linux 6 10 Ubuntu Linux 6 06 Ubuntu Linux 5 10 Ubuntu Linux 5 04 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Introduction and System Requirements Linux 32 Bit Guest Operating Systems m Mandriva Linux 2006 m Mandrake Linux 10 1 Mandrake Linux 10 0 Mandrake Linux 9 x m Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 1 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 0 Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 4 5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 4 5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux WS 4 5 m SUSE Linux 9 0 9 1 9 2 9 3 m SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 SP1 SP2 SP3 SP4 m SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 10 10 1 10 2 m openSUSE 10 2 formerly known as SUSE Linux 10 2 Open Enterprise Server SP1 SP2 Ubuntu Linux 8 04 Ubuntu Linux 7 10 Ubuntu Linux 7 04 Ubuntu Linux 6 10 Ubuntu Linux 6 06 Ubuntu Linux 5 10 Ubuntu Linux 5 04 Sun Solaris 64
222. ing A Resets the virtual machine Depending on how you have configured the power options for this virtual machine VMware Server might shut down and restart the guest operating system and execute any scripts associated with this power state change NOTE Shutting down or restarting a guest operating system works only when VMware Tools is installed Otherwise the power is turned off or the virtual machine is reset exactly as if you had pushed the power or reset button on a physical machine For information about installing VMware Tools see Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools on page 71 For information about how to use VMware Tools scripts to affect power state behavior see Changing Virtual Machine Power Settings on page 118 and How VMware Tools Scripts Affect Power States on page 93 Changing Virtual Machine Name and Guest System Settings You can change the name and the guest operating system setting of the selected virtual machine VMware Inc RC DRAFT 117 VMware Server User s Guide To change virtual machine name or guest operating system settings 1 3 In the Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab click Configure VM In the General tab change the name or guest operating system setting m Optional To change the display name type a new name in the Virtual Machine Name text box m Optional To change the guest operating system setting for example if you are upg
223. ing Two Way Virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing on page 270 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Performance Tuning for VMware Server To change the number of processors in a virtual machine 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off 3 In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the Processors icon and select Edit 4 Select the number of processors from the Processor Count drop down menu 5 Click OK to save your changes Configuring and Maintaining Guest Operating Systems This section includes recommendations for guest operating system configuration and maintenance to optimize VMware Server performance Installing Linux Guest Operating Systems in Text Mode When you are installing a Linux guest operating system use the text mode installer instead of the graphical installer if possible This makes the installation process faster Selecting the Correct Guest Operating System Make sure that you select the correct guest operating system for each of your virtual machines For information about how to verify or change the guest operating system type see Changing Virtual Machine Name and Guest System Settings on page 117 VMware Server optimizes certain internal configurations based on this setting These optimizations can greatly aid the operating system they target but they can cause significant performance degradation if there is a mismatch between the settin
224. ing a domain controller on another LAN To log on to a Windows domain outside the virtual NAT network the virtual machine needs access to a WINS server for that domain There are two ways you can connect the virtual machine to a WINS server You can connect to the WINS server provided by the DHCP server used on the NAT network provided that the WINS server is already set up on the host If you want to connect from the virtual machine to a WINS server not set up on the host you can manually enter the IP address of the WINS server Using NAT to Connect to an Existing WINS Server Already Set Up on the Host To use this method a WINS server in the same workgroup or domain must be set up on the host These steps use Windows 2000 Windows XP or Windows Server 2003 as a guide The process is similar for Windows NT Windows Me and Windows 9x guests To use NAT to connect to an existing WINS Server 1 In the virtual machine right click on My Network Places and select Properties 2 In the Network Connections window right click the virtual network adapter and select Properties 3 Inthe Properties dialog box select Internet Protocol TCP IP and click Properties 4 Inthe TCP IP Properties dialog box click Advanced 5 Click the WINS tab then under NetBIOS setting select Use NetBIOS setting from DHCP Server 6 Click OK twice and click Close VMware Inc RC DRAFT 247 VMware Server User s Guide 248 Manually Entering the IP Addre
225. ing physical storage resources A datastore is the storage location for virtual machine files The storage location can be the local file system a CIFS store Windows only or an NFS mounted file system Linux only disk mode A property of a virtual disk that defines its external behavior how the virtualization layer treats its data but is completely invisible to the guest operating system Available modes vary by product and include persistent mode changes to the disk are always preserved across sessions and nonpersistent mode changes are never preserved folder A managed entity used to group other managed entities Folder types are determined by the kinds of child entities they contain See also child FQDN fully qualified domain name The name of a host including both the host name and the domain name For example the FQDN of a host named esx1 in the domain vmware com is esx1 vmware com full screen mode A display mode in which the virtual machine s display fills the entire screen group A set of users assigned a common set of privileges A group may contain other groups VMware Inc Glossary growable disk A type of virtual disk in which the disk space is not preallocated to its full size Its files start out small in size and grow as data is written to the disk See also preallocated disk guest operating system An operating system that runs inside a virtual machine See also host operating system H host
226. ings on page 109 m Enabling Quiesced Backups of Virtual Machines on Windows on page 111 Managing the Virtual Machine Inventory After you have installed VMware Server you can create new virtual machines as described in Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines on page 57 These virtual machines are automatically added to your inventory You can also add existing virtual machines to your inventory so you can manage them using VI Web Access VMware Inc RC DRAFT 101 VMware Server User s Guide 102 This section describes how to add and remove virtual machines in the inventory Adding a Virtual Machine to the Inventory When you create a virtual machine using VI Web Access it is automatically added to the inventory This section describes how to add a virtual machine to the inventory if it is on a networked file system or copied from another host Before you can add a virtual machine to the inventory the files that make up the virtual machine must be located in a datastore See Managing Datastores on page 103 To add a virtual machine to the inventory 1 Select the host in the Inventory panel 2 Inthe Commands section of the host Summary tab click Add Virtual Machine to Inventory 3 Click Browse to locate the configuration file vmx file extension for the virtual machine you want to add to the inventory Use the Inventory column to navigate the file system The Contents column lists the conten
227. ings 258 virtual networks 203 207 215 VMware Tools scripts 119 connecting CD DVD drives 125 floppy drives 125 floppy image files 125 ISO image files 125 USB devices 153 Console tab VI Web Access 51 console virtual machine 51 53 core files 16 CPU host requirement 24 provided in virtual machines 28 See also processors 270 creating CD DVD drives 144 datastores 104 floppy drives 147 generic SCSI devices 150 hard disks 138 network adapters 215 parallel ports 170 passthrough SCSI devices 150 permissions 198 roles 196 serial ports 159 sound adapters 158 USB controllers 152 virtual machines 57 VMware Remote Console Index shortcuts 128 Web shortcuts for virtual machines 127 Creative Labs 31 158 D datacenters privileges 291 datastores adding 104 managing 103 removing 106 renaming 105 DDNS 228 debugging effect on performance 273 enabling and disabling virtual machine 121 default scripts for VMware Tools 93 defragmenting physical host disks 265 virtual disks 140 272 deleting CD DVD drives 147 datastores 106 floppy drives 150 hard disks 140 network adapters 217 parallel ports 171 permissions 200 roles 197 serial ports 163 sound adapters 159 USB controllers 153 virtual machines 102 123 desktop shortcut for VMware Server 39 device drivers BusLogic SCSI 61 LSI Logic SCSI 61 RC DRAFT ad VMware Server User s Guide 328 VMware Tools 72 devices configuring SCSI in virtual
228. iption If you configured the power off operation to shut down the guest this script runs when the virtual machine is being powered off If you configured the reset operation to restart the guest this script runs when the virtual machine is being reset This script has no effect on networking for the virtual machine poweron vm default If you configured the power on operation to start the guest this script runs when the virtual machine is being powered on rather than resumed If you configured the reset operation to restart the guest this script runs after virtual machine restarts This script has no effect on networking for the virtual machine resume vm default If you configured the power on operation to start the guest or the reset operation to restart the guest this script runs when the virtual machine is resumed after it was suspended On Windows guests if the virtual machine is configured to use DHCP this script renews the IP address of the virtual machine On Linux FreeBSD and Solaris guests this script starts networking for the virtual machine suspend vm default If you configured the suspend operation to suspend the guest this script runs when the virtual machine is being suspended On Windows guests if the virtual machine is configured to use DHCP this script releases the IP address of the virtual machine On Linux FreeBSD and Solaris guests this script stops networking for the virtual machi
229. is specified all removable devices in the virtual machine are disabled RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools Table 5 2 VMware Tools Commands for Netware Guests Continued vmwtool Command Definition enabledevice lt device name gt Enables the specified device or devices in the virtual machine If no device is specified all removable devices in the virtual machine are enabled synctime on off Lets you turn on or off synchronization of time in the guest operating system with time on the host operating system By default time synchronization is turned off Use this command without any options to view the current time synchronization status idle on off Lets you turn the CPU idler on or off By default the idler is turned on The CPU idler program is included in VMware Tools for NetWare guests The idler program is needed because NetWare servers do not idle the CPU when the operating system is idle As a result a virtual machine takes CPU time from the host regardless of whether the NetWare server software is idle or busy Customizations to VMware Tools Customizations include modifying or writing scripts that run when a virtual machine s power state changes executing commands when you shut down or restart a UNIX guest and passing commands in strings that run in startup scripts How VMware Tools Scripts Affect Power States When VMware Tools is installed if you configure a virtual machine
230. k The file allocation options are displayed and cannot be changed When the virtual machine is powered off you can modify the virtual device node If the virtual machine does not have a snapshot you can also do the following m Increase the disk capacity for a SCSI virtual disk The virtual machine must be powered off m Change the disk mode To edit an existing hard disk 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off 3 In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the hard disk to modify and select Edit The Hard Disk dialog box displays information about the disk including the datastore it is in the location of the first file associated with the disk the disk capacity whether the disk is growable or preallocated and whether the disk spans multiple files 4 Optional For virtual disks with settings that allow you to increase the disk capacity click Increase Capacity and enter a new value in the Increase By or New Capacity field The other field is automatically adjusted to reflect the change If you have a snapshot you must remove it before you can change the disk capacity You can only change the disk capacity for SCSI virtual disks The virtual machine must be powered off See Disk Capacity Setting on page 136 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 139 VMware Server User s Guide Optional In the Virtual Device Node section select an adapter and dev
231. k for example quorum vmdk For information see Adding a Hard Disk to a Virtual Machine on page 138 Add the following parameters to the virtual machine configuration file CSQL1 vmx as described in Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 m Set scsil sharedBus to virtual m Set disk locking to false This enables SCSI reservation which is described in more detail in the section Using SCSI Reservation to Share Virtual SCSI Disks on page 278 You are finished creating the virtual machine for the first node in your cluster The next step is to install a guest operating system in the virtual machine Install the Windows 2000 Advanced Server or Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition guest operating system as described in Installing a Guest Operating System on page 66 NOTE Do not install the clustering services during the installation of the guest operating system For information about your guest operating system see the VMware Guest Operating System Installation Guide available from the VMware Web site VMware Inc 7 Configuring Clustering on Windows Hosts Install VMware Tools in the guest operating system See Installing VMware Tools on page 73 To clone the first virtual machine node 1 a A N Run sysprep exe which is available on the Windows CD in the file support tools deploy cab or from the Microsoft Web site The sysprep exe utility removes the securit
232. k Removes a scheduled task from the VC only Allinventory Allinventory queue objects objects User interface element Scheduled Tasks context menu Inventory gt Scheduled Task gt Remove Edit gt Remove Run Task Runs the scheduled task immediately VC only Allinventory Allinventory User interface element Scheduled objects objects Tasks context menu Inventory gt Scheduled Task gt Run 1 Creating and running a task on demand requires permission to invoke the associated action Sessions Table A 16 Session Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Global Sets the global log in message VC only Root folder Root folder Message User interface element Sessions tab Administration gt Edit Message of the Day Impersonate Impersonates another user This VC only Root folder Root folder User capability is used by extensions VMware Inc 303 RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide Table A 16 Session Privileges Continued Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Validate Verifies session validity VC only Root folder Root folder Session View and Allows viewing of session Forces log VC only Root folder Root folder Terminate out of one or more logged on users Sessions User interface element Sessions tab Tasks Table A 17 Tasks Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object C
233. k to a Virtual Machine Virtual disks are stored as files in a datastore The datastore location can be the local file system a CIFS store Windows only or an NFS mounted file system Linux only See Managing Datastores on page 103 It does not matter whether the datastore location is on an IDE or SCSI physical disk An IDE virtual disk can be stored on either an IDE physical hard disk or on a SCSI physical hard disk So can a SCSI virtual disk You can add a SCSI virtual disk to a hardware version 7 virtual machine when the virtual machine is powered on For earlier virtual machine hardware versions it is possible to add a SCSI virtual disk when the virtual machine is powered on only if a SCSI controller with an available slot already exists SCSI controllers are created as needed but cannot be created when the virtual machine is powered on for virtual machines with hardware versions earlier than 7 It is not possible to add an IDE virtual disk when the virtual machine is powered on NOTE If you have a Windows NT 4 0 guest with a SCSI virtual disk you cannot add both an additional SCSI disk and an IDE disk to the configuration To add a new or existing virtual disk 1 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Hard Disk For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 2 On the Hard Disk page click one of the following m Create a Ne
234. ke a conventional disk drive on a physical computer See also disk mode nonpersistent mode preallocated disk A type of virtual disk where all disk space for the virtual machine is allocated at the time the disk is created See also growable disk privilege Authorization to perform a specific action or set of actions on a managed object or group of managed objects read only user A role in which the user is allowed to view the inventory but not allowed to perform any tasks remote console An interface to a virtual machine that provides nonexclusive access to a virtual machine from the server on which the virtual machine is running and from workstations connected to that server See also VMware Remote Console resume To return a virtual machine to operation from its suspended state When you resume a suspended virtual machine all applications are in the same state they were when the virtual machine was suspended See also suspend VMware Inc 321 Workstation User s Manual V X 322 role A defined set of privileges that can be assigned to users and groups to control access to VMware Server objects shrink To reclaim unused space in a virtual disk If a disk has empty space shrinking reduces the amount of space the virtual disk occupies on the host drive You cannot shrink preallocated virtual disks snapshot A reproduction of the virtual machine just as it was when you took the snapshot including the virtual machine s
235. l networks Or test a virtual machine with multiple network interface cards without using any physical network adapters On Windows hosts the first host only network is set up automatically when you install VMware Server On Linux hosts the first host only network is set up when you run the vmware config pl program after you install VMware Server provided you agree to install host only networking If you did not agree to use host only networking you need to run the script again to set up host only networking To set up the second host only network follow the steps outlined below for your host operating system To set up the second host only interface on a Windows host 1 From the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks Click Host Virtual Adapters Click Add new adapter Select the virtual network on which to use the adapter and click OK Click Apply N oO FF W N Click OK to close the virtual network editor RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network To set up the second host only interface on a Linux host 1 As root su run the VMware Server configuration program vmware config pl V CAUTION To configure VMware Server correctly the vmware config pl configuration program requires all virtual machines to be shut down The program shuts down any running virtual machines automatically After asking about a NAT network the program asks Do
236. l provides options for enabling and connecting to certain devices The controls for connecting and disconnecting certain devices might not be available To connect and disconnect removable devices using VMware Remote Console see Connecting and Disconnecting Client Devices on page 125 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools Scripts Tab From the Scripts tab of the VMware Tools control panel you can edit disable or run scripts that help automate guest operating system operations when you change the virtual machine s power state From this tab you can also specify the location of custom scripts for the Suspend Resume Power On Power Off and Reset buttons On most guest operating systems if VMware Tools is installed and if you configure a virtual machine s power controls to use the guest options one or more default scripts run on the guest whenever you change the power state of the virtual machine For example if you use the virtual machine configuration settings click Configure VM in the Commands section of the virtual machine workspace and click the Power tab and set the Power Off control to use Shut Down Guest then the poweroff vm default script runs when you click the Power Off button in the toolbar This script causes the guest operating system to shut down gracefully A description of each script is provided later in this section in How VMware Tools Scripts Affect Power States on page 93
237. lders Machine machine including vmx disks logs VC machines Download and nvram No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege VMware Inc RC DRAFT 309 VMware Server User s Guide Table A 21 Virtual Machine Provisioning Privileges Continued Privilege Name Allow Virtual Machine Files Upload Description Writes files associated with a virtual machine including vmx disks logs and nvram No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Affects HC and VC Pair with Object Virtual machines Effective on Object Root folders Clone Clones an existing virtual machine and allocates resources User interface element Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Clone context menu Summary tab VC only Virtual machines Virtual machines Clone Template Clones a template User interface element Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Template gt Clone context menu Virtual Machines tab VC only Virtual machines Virtual machines Create Template From Virtual Machine Creates a new template from a virtual machine User interface element Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Template gt Clone to Template context menu Summary tab items VC only Virtual machines Virtual machines Customize Customizes a virtual machine s guest operating system without moving the virtual machine User int
238. le 21 Increased Memory Support 21 Increase in Number of Network Adapters Supported 21 Quiesced Backups of Virtual Machines on Windows 21 Support for High Speed USB 2 0 Devices 21 Additional Host Operating System Support 22 Additional Guest Operating System Support 22 Improved 64 Bit Guest Support 22 64 Bit Sound Driver 22 Native 64 Bit Host Support on Linux 22 Updated VIX API 23 VMCI Sockets Interface 23 About the Host and Guest Computers 23 Host System Requirements 23 PC Hardware 23 Memory 24 Disk Drives 24 Local Area Networking 25 Windows Host Operating Systems 25 Linux Host Operating System Requirements 26 VI Web Access and VMware Remote Console Client System Requirements 27 Virtual Machine Specifications 28 Processor 28 Chip Set 28 BIOS 28 Memory 29 Graphics 29 VMware Server User s Guide IDE Drives 29 SCSI Devices 29 PCI Slots 29 Floppy Drives 30 Serial COM Ports 30 Parallel LPT Ports 30 USB Ports 30 Keyboard 30 Mouse and Drawing Tablets 30 Ethernet Card 30 Virtual Networking 31 Sound 31 Supported Guest Operating Systems 31 Processor Support for 64 Bit Guest Operating Systems 34 2 Installing VMware Server 35 Installation Prerequisites 35 Preparing to Install VMware Server 35 Sharing a VMware Server Host with Other VMware Products 36 Installing VMware Server on a Windows Host 37 Installing VMware Server Silently 39 Uninstalling VMware Server on a Windows Host 41 Installing VMware Server on a Linu
239. le in xkeymap for your keyboard but cannot detect it lt keyboard type gt must be one of the tables in the xkeymap directory See above for location However the failure to detect the keyboard probably means the table is not completely correct for you m xkeymap keysym lt sym gt lt v scan code gt If you use keysym mapping map keysym lt sym gt to lt v scan code gt When you do lt sym gt must be an X keysym name and lt v scan code gt is a C syntax hexadecimal number for example 0x001 The easiest way to find the keysym name for a key is to run xev or xmodmap pk The X header file usr include X11 keysymdef h has a complete list of keysyms The name of a keysym is the same as its C constant without the XK_ prefix Most v scan codes are in V Scan Code Table on page 180 The xkeymap tables themselves are also helpful Use them to fix small errors in an existing mapping m xkeymap fileName lt file path gt Use the keysym mapping table in lt file path gt A table is a sequence of configuration lines using the following format lt sym gt lt v scan code gt where lt sym gt is an X keysym name and lt v scan code gt is a C syntax hexadecimal number for example 0x001 See the explanation of xkeymap keysym above for tips on finding the keysyms and v scan codes for your keyboard VMware Inc RC DRAFT 179 VMware Server User s Guide Compiling a complete keysym mapping is difficult I
240. lect Yield CPU on poll The kernel in the target virtual machine uses the virtual serial port in polled mode not interrupt mode To prepare the host Before you begin make sure that you have a version of Debugging Tools for Windows that supports debugging over a pipe You must have version 4 0 18 0 or higher To debug an application using WinDbg or KD 1 Power on the virtual machine 2 Edit the serial port 3 Make sure that the serial port is connected 4 Confirm the path and filename for the pipe Depending on the host system enter one of the following m On Windows hosts The pipe name must be in the format pipe lt namedpipe gt The name must begin with pipe m On Linux hosts The pipe name must be tmp lt socket gt or another UNIX socket name of your choice 5 At the command prompt on the host system do one of the following m Ifyou are using WinDbg enter the following windbg k com port pipe lt namedpipe gt pipe m Ifyou are using KD enter the following kd k com port pipe lt namedpipe gt pipe 6 Press Enter to start debugging VMware Inc RC DRAFT 167 VMware Server User s Guide 168 Debugging an Application in a Virtual Machine from Another Virtual Machine In this example you have kernel code to debug in a virtual machine the target virtual machine and are running Debugging Tools for Windows WinDbg or Kernel Debugger KD in another virtual machine the debugger virtual machine
241. lect some information This is normal If the VMware support team needs that information a support representative might ask you to run the script again as root The script creates a compressed tgz file in the current directory 3 Include the output file with your support request If your virtual machines are installed in a non standard location the script might not pick up all the required data Make sure that the log and vmx files from your virtual machine folders are included with the files you send To run the support script on a Windows host 1 Open a command prompt 2 Change to the VMware Server program directory The default directory is C Program Files VMware VMware Server 3 Run the support script cscript vm support vbs VMware Inc RC DRAFT 15 VMware Server User s Guide After the script runs it displays the name and location of the zipped output Log Files The following log files are generated by VMware Server and collected by the support script Virtual Machine Log File If a virtual machine exits abnormally or crashes run the support script or save the virtual machine log files before you restart the virtual machine The virtual machine log files are located in the same directory as the virtual machine configuration vmx file In the Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab click Configure VM The path to the configuration file is shown in the General tab On Windows and Linux hosts the f
242. lected the privileges associated with the role are listed in the tree below for your reference Optional Select the Grant this set of permissions to child objects check box If this check box is selected the role is also applied to all child objects of the selected inventory object Click OK The permission is added to the list of permissions for the object The list of permissions includes all users and groups that have roles assigned to the object and indicates the level at which the permission is defined Editing Permissions When you edit a permission you can change the role to pair with the user or group and whether the permission is propagated to child objects The privilege tree is also displayed so you can see the privileges associated with the role you select To edit the permission role for a user or group 1 2 3 4 5 VMware Inc Click the host s or virtual machine s Permissions tab In the Permissions list select the permission you want to modify Click Edit Permission in the Commands section of the tab Select a user or group to which you want to assign a role on this object Select a role to assign from the drop down list When a role is selected the privileges granted with the role are listed in the tree below for your reference Optional Select the Grant this set of permissions to child objects check box If this check box is selected the role is also applied to all child objects of the selec
243. lements of the management interface Create Virtual Machine Starts the New Virtual Machine wizard See Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines on page 57 Add Virtual Machine to Inventory Adds a virtual machine to the host inventory See Managing the Virtual Machine Inventory on page 101 Remove Virtual Machine Removes a virtual machine from the inventory and optionally deletes the virtual machine files This option is enabled if the virtual machine is powered off See Managing the Virtual Machine Inventory on page 101 Power On Resume Powers on a powered off virtual machine or resumes a suspended virtual machine Power Off Powers off the virtual machine immediately This is the same as pulling the plug on a physical computer Suspend Suspends a powered on virtual machine Suspend Guest Suspends the guest operating system VMware Tools executes the script associated with this power state change if any Reset Resets the virtual machine immediately This is the same as pressing the reset button on a physical computer Shut Down Guest Shuts down the guest operating system VMware Tools executes the script associated with this power state change if any Restart Guest Restarts the guest operating system and the virtual machine VMware Tools executes the script associated with this power state change if any RC DRAFT VMware Inc Learning VMware Server Basics
244. ling and Disabling Background Snapshots 108 Configuring Virtual Machine Startup and Shutdown Settings 109 Enabling System Wide Startup and Shutdown Settings 109 Specifying the Startup and Shutdown Order for Virtual Machines 110 Customizing the Startup and Shutdown Settings for Individual Virtual Machines 110 Enabling Quiesced Backups of Virtual Machines on Windows 111 7 Running Virtual Machines 115 Running VMware Tools 116 Changing the Power State of a Virtual Machine 116 Changing Virtual Machine Name and Guest System Settings 117 Changing Virtual Machine Power Settings 118 Changing Virtual Machine Snapshot Settings 119 Locking the Snapshot 120 Setting Snapshot Power Off Options 120 Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings 121 Deleting a Virtual Machine 123 Using VMware Remote Console 124 Interacting with the Guest Operating System 124 6 VMware Inc Contents Entering and Leaving Full Screen Mode 124 Connecting and Disconnecting Client Devices 125 Resetting and Powering Off 126 Viewing the Message Log 126 Quitting VMware Remote Console 126 Generating and Sharing Virtual Machine Shortcuts 127 Generating a Web Shortcut 127 Generating a VMware Remote Console Desktop Shortcut 128 Editing Notes in the Virtual Machine Summary Tab 128 Editing the Hardware Configuration of a Virtual Machine 129 Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine 130 Installing New Software in a Virtual Machine 131 Advanced Options for Application Developers 132 8 Conf
245. ll VMware Tools before you activate the software RC DRAFT Li VMware Server User s Guide Some applications use a product activation feature that creates a key based on the virtual hardware in the virtual machine where it is installed Changes in the configuration of the virtual machine might require you to reactivate the software To minimize the number of significant changes set the memory size and install VMware Tools In the rare instance that VMware Server appears to hang when you install or run software inside a virtual machine consider temporarily disabling acceleration in the virtual machine as described in Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 Generally the problem occurs early in the program s execution This setting slows down virtual machine performance so it is recommended only for getting past the problem with running the program After you pass the point where the program was encountering problems try returning to the Advanced Settings tab and deselecting Disable acceleration Advanced Options for Application Developers 132 Application developers can use the following APIs SDKs and IDEs when writing and debugging applications that run in virtual machines VIX API for writing programs to automate virtual machine operations The API is high level easy to use and practical for both script writers and application programmers API functions allow you to register power on or off virtual
246. low the add on to be installed from the VMware Server host system and click Close You are returned to the Console tab as shown in Figure 3 1 iii Click Install plugin The Software Installation page appears iv Click Install Now RC DRAFT VMware Inc Learning VMware Server Basics Using VI Web Access The add on is installed Firefox requires you to restart your browser Starting VMware Remote Console from the Console Tab Select the Console tab when you want to interact directly with the guest operating system running in a virtual machine If the VMware Remote Console add on is not installed in the Web browser or a new version of the add on is available you are prompted to install it as described in Installing the VMware Remote Console Add On on page 51 When a virtual machine is powered off suspended or unavailable the Console tab displays a message and possible actions For example when the virtual machine is powered off the power on option is available When the virtual machine is powered on you can click anywhere in the Console screen to open VMware Remote Console You see the VMware Remote Console startup screen for a few moments before the guest operating system begins to run For information about using VMware Remote Console see Using VMware Remote Console on page 124 You can continue to use VMware Remote Console if you close your Web browser Using VI Web Access Menu Options VI Web Access m
247. luding command line options go to the Windows Installer page on the MSDN Web site http msdn2 microsoft com en us library aa367449 aspx To automate the installation of VMware Tools in a Windows guest 1 Make sure that the virtual machine s CD DVD drive is connected to the VMware Tools ISO image and that it is configured to connect whenever you power on the virtual machine a b e Select the virtual machine In the Hardware section of the virtual machine Summary tab click the CD DVD drive to modify and select Edit In the Device status section select the Connect at power on check box In the Connection section select ISO Image and browse to the windows iso file located in the directory where you installed VMware Server Click OK 2 Optional In the guest operating system suppress prompts about installing unsigned drivers If you are installing VMware Tools from a beta or RC release candidate version of VMware Server you are asked to confirm the installation of unsigned drivers Follow these steps to suppress these confirmation prompts For all Windows systems except Windows Vista a b c d On the virtual machine s desktop or Start menu right click My Computer and select Properties Click the Hardware tab and click Driver Signing In the Driver Signing Options dialog box click Ignore and click OK Click OK in the System Properties dialog box For Windows Vista a b On the Start menu righ
248. ly the default m Force use of these features when available Do not use these features 4 Click OK to save your changes and return to the Summary tab To add a parameter to the virtual machine configuration file 1 In the Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab click Configure VM 2 Click Advanced 122 RC DRAFT VMware Inc N A GF A Q Running Virtual Machines In the Configuration Parameters section click Add New Entry Enter the name of the parameter in the Name text box Enter the value for the parameter in the Value text box Click OK Click OK to save your changes and return to the Summary tab To edit a parameter in the virtual machine configuration file 1 N oO PP WD N In the Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab click Configure VM Click Advanced In the Configuration Parameters section select the parameter and click Edit Enter the new value for the parameter in the Value text box Click OK Click OK to save your changes and return to the Summary tab Deleting a Virtual Machine VMware Server includes options to remove a virtual machine from the inventory or to completely delete the virtual machine You do not need to manipulate files on the host file system to delete a virtual machine Before you can delete a virtual machine or remove it from the inventory it must be powered off or suspended To delete a virtual machine or remove it from the inventory 1 2
249. machine You might want to temporarily disable acceleration in a virtual machine if you try to install or start a program in a virtual machine and the program seems to hang or crash or reports that it is running under a debugger In many cases you can get past the problem by temporarily disabling acceleration This setting degrades virtual machine performance so use it only to get past a problem running the program After you get past the problem return to the Advanced tab and deselect Disable acceleration You might then be able to run the program with acceleration m Support VMI Paravirtualization If you have a VMware VMI 3 0 enabled kernel in a Linux guest operating system you can enable VMI paravirtualization support to improve performance in the virtual machine For more information about paravirtualization in general see the following VMware Web site http www vmware com interfaces paravirtualization html Available VMI enabled kernels include Ubuntu 7 04 Feisty or later Use the standard image for 32 bit Intel x86 systems VMI currently supports only 32 bit guests m Configure Virtualized MMU Settings Recent CPUs are capable of virtualizing the Memory Management Unit MMU The use of this capability almost always improves virtual machine performance However there might be cases where it is preferable not to virtualize the MMU You can select one of the following choices Allow the host to determine automatical
250. machine 29 groups 193 managing 195 growable virtual disks 60 136 guest operating system defined 23 installing 66 interacting with 124 pressing Ctrl Alt Del 124 supported 31 RC DRAFT aa VMware Server User s Guide upgrading 68 H hard disks adding 138 editing 139 removing 140 hardware version ofvirtual machines 59 69 heartbeat and clustering virtual machines 282 host computer disk space required 24 system requirements 23 host operating system defined 23 supported Linux 26 supported Windows 25 host virtual adapters adding 219 disabling 219 enabling 219 removing 219 Host Virtual Adapters tab in virtual network editor 260 Host Virtual Mapping tab in virtual network editor 259 host virtual network mapping 218 259 host only networking basic configuration 210 selecting IP addresses 222 hosts CIM privileges 295 configuration privileges 296 inventory privileges 298 local operations privileges 299 host wide settings 106 109 ICMP 241 IDE drives in virtual machines 29 drives supported in host 24 importing virtual machines 102 independent virtual disks 61 installing disk space requirements 24 guest operating system 66 Linux guests in text mode 271 on Linux host 41 on Windows host 37 software in a virtual machine 131 VMware Remote Console add on 51 VMware Server 35 VMware Server silently on Windows hosts 39 VMware Tools 73 VMware Tools silently on Windows guests 75 Inte
251. machine interaction 307 virtual machine provisioning 309 virtual machine state 311 processor count configuring 270 RC DRAFT maximum in virtual machine 270 setting when creating virtual machine 59 processors host requirement 24 provided in virtual machines 28 product compatibility 59 product registration 15 promiscuous mode 239 PXE image file 36 60 Q quiesced backups 111 quiet mode install VMware Tools 75 quitting VMware Remote Console 126 R RAM amount required on host 24 available in virtual machine 29 Real Media 157 real time clock requirement on Linux host 41 redo log files 314 refreshing virtual network 215 registration 15 Remote Console See VMware Remote Console removing CD DVD drives 147 datastores 106 floppy drives 150 generic SCSI devices 151 hard disks 140 host virtual adapters 219 network adapters 217 parallel ports 171 passthrough SCSI devices 151 VMware Inc VMware Inc permissions 200 roles 197 serial ports 163 sound adapters 159 USB controllers 153 USB devices 157 virtual machines from inventory 102 123 renaming datastores 105 roles 197 repairing VMware Tools installations 88 reporting problems 15 resources privileges 301 resuming virtual machines 185 roles 193 configuring 195 creating 196 default 196 editing 197 managing 195 privileges lists of 289 removing 197 renaming 197 routed server processes 227 routing between two host only networks 235 fo
252. menu options 53 performing disk maintenance 140 platform specifications 28 power operations 116 processor settings 59 product compatibility 59 provisioning privileges 309 removing CD DVD drives 147 removing floppy drives 150 removing from inventory 102 123 removing hard disks 140 removing parallel ports 171 removing serial ports 163 removing sound adapters 159 removing USB controllers 153 resuming 185 setting guest operating system 117 setting power options 118 setting shutdown order 110 339 VMware Server User s Guide 340 setting snapshot options 119 setting startup order 110 setting the name of 117 starting automatically 109 state privileges 311 status information 50 summary information 50 summary view 50 suspending 185 tasks 55 working directory location 118 313 Virtual Machines tab VI Web Access 103 virtual network adapters 206 Virtual Network Editor 258 virtual networks adding adapters 215 changing the configuration 215 components 204 configuring 203 configuring in virtual network editor 258 DHCP server 210 editing adapters 216 refreshing 215 removing adapters 217 teamed NICs 218 Virtual SMP 270 virtual switches 205 VIX API 23 132 VMCI Sockets interface 132 vmdk file 314 vmem file 315 VMI Virtual Machine Interface 122 vmnet1 conf 228 VMnet8 240 vmrun 132 vmsd file 315 vmsn file 315 RC DRAFT vmss file 315 vmvsswriter cfg file 112 VMware Authorization Service default port 44 log 16 v
253. mware config pl 43 VMware host agent log 16 VMware Remote Console 17 desktop shortcuts 128 full screen mode 124 installing Web browser add on 51 interacting with guest 124 powering off 126 quitting 126 resetting 126 shortcuts 128 starting 53 viewing message log 126 VMware Remote Console shortcuts 128 VMware Server host wide settings 106 logging in 47 logging out 56 serial number for 39 VMware Tools 119 About tab 92 automated install 75 command line interface 99 configuring 88 configuring in a Netware virtual machine 92 control panel 88 device drivers 72 Devices tab 90 for FreeBSD guests 82 for Linux guests 78 79 for Solaris guests 81 installing 73 VMware Inc VMware Inc installing from the command line with the RPM installer 79 installing from the command line with the tar installer 79 installing in Windows guests 74 interacting with VSS 111 modifying installation 88 Options tab 89 repairing installation 88 running 116 running scripts during power state changes 93 Scripts tab 91 Shared Folders tab 91 Shrink tab 91 silent install 75 taskbar icon displaying 89 uninstalling 87 using from command line 92 VMware user process 73 vmwtool commands 92 VMware Tools scripts 119 VMware Tools service executing commands on halt or reboot 96 overview of 72 passing strings from the host 97 VMware user process in VMware Tools 73 vmware user starting manually 86 vmware config pl file 43
254. n Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 If vmci0 unrestricted is not set or set to FALSE the virtual machine cannot communicate with other virtual machines or applications on the host RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide 134 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware This chapter describes how to use various devices with a virtual machine and covers the following topics m Configuring Hard Disks on page 135 m Configuring CD DVD Drives on page 143 m Configuring Floppy Drives on page 147 m Configuring Passthrough Generic SCSI Devices on page 150 m Configuring SCSI Controllers on page 152 m Configuring USB Controllers and Devices on page 152 m Configuring Sound on page 157 m Configuring Serial Ports on page 159 m Configuring Parallel Ports on page 169 m Keyboard Mapping on Linux Hosts on page 176 Configuring Hard Disks Like a physical computer a virtual machine stores its operating system applications and data files on one or more virtual hard disks You can add and remove hard disks in your virtual machine and modify certain settings for existing hard disks You can install a new operating system on a virtual disk without repartitioning a physical disk or rebooting the host system This section describes how to add edit and remove virtual hard disks and how to configure disk settings VMware Inc RC DRAFT 135
255. n URL for example http lt host name gt 8222 When you connect remotely you are automatically redirected to the secure HTTP HTTPS port RC DRAFT VMware Inc 10 11 12 13 14 Installing VMware Server Also on the Server Configuration Information page select Allow virtual machines to start and stop automatically with the system if you want to configure virtual machines to start up and shut down automatically when the host operating system starts and shuts down For more information see Configuring Virtual Machine Startup and Shutdown Settings on page 109 Click Next On the Configure Shortcuts page deselect any shortcuts you do not want the installer to create On the Ready to Install the Program page click Install or click Back to make changes Optional After you click Install on the Registration Information page enter your name company name and serial number and click Next If you skip this step you must enter your serial number later in VI Web Access before you can power on a virtual machine Your serial number is either on the registration card in your package or in an email if you obtained VMware Server online When the wizard displays the Installation Wizard Completed page click Finish Some installations might require that you reboot your computer When you restart you don t need to log in as a user with Administrator privileges Installing VMware Server Silently If you are inst
256. n Windows Server 2003 Windows XP and Windows 2000 DMA is enabled by default Windows 95 OSR2 and Windows 98 can use DMA for faster IDE hard disk access but DMA might not be enabled by default To enable DMA access using the Device Manager in Windows 95 and Windows 98 1 Right click My Computer and select Properties 2 Click the plus sign next to Disk Drives to display the virtual machine s individual drives 3 Right click the entry for each IDE drive to open its Properties dialog box 4 Under Settings select DMA and accept any warnings that Windows displays 5 Restart the Windows guest system The method for changing the setting varies for other Windows operating systems Using DMA in Windows NT Guests on Multiprocessor Host Systems You might experience slower than expected disk I O performance in Windows NT guest operating systems when using IDE virtual disks on multiprocessor host computers The I O limitation is especially noticeable when the virtual machine is booting You can increase performance by enabling DMA on the virtual disk s IDE channel If you have a virtual disk and a CD DVD attached as master and slave to the primary IDE controller channel 0 and you want to enable DMA power off the virtual machine and edit the CD DVD drive to move it to the secondary IDE controller channel 1 at IDE 1 0 You can enable DMA after installing Windows NT Service Pack 3 or higher In the Windows NT guest insert an SP3 or SP4 CD
257. n for a disk that is configured as a passthrough generic SCSI device m VMware Server supports SCSI reservation only with preallocated virtual disks When you create a new virtual machine or add a new virtual disk to an existing virtual machine configure a preallocated virtual disk when using SCSI reservation Support for SCSI reservation with growable virtual disks is not supported m Disks using SCSI reservation can be shared only among virtual machines running on the same VMware Server host If you try to share a disk among virtual machines located on different hosts data loss or corruption is likely The shared disk or disks can be located in any valid datastore m Do not share a disk on the boot disk typically SCSI bus 0 Instead use SCSI reservation on a data disk located on a different bus If you share the boot disk you run the risk of corrupting it because the boot program is not aware that the disk is being shared and can write to the disk regardless of whether or not it is being shared m A virtual SCSI disk can be stored on any type of physical hard disk including IDE SCSI and SATA physical disks m If one virtual machine does not have SCSI reservation enabled for its virtual disk but another virtual machine does have SCSI reservation enabled for the same virtual disk VMware Server still allows the disk to be shared However the virtual machine that is not configured for SCSI reservation can access the shared disk c
258. n take a snapshot before installing different versions of an application to ensure that each test installation begins from the identical baseline To save the current state of your virtual machine temporarily see Suspending and Resuming Virtual Machines on page 185 What to Use Snapshots For The topics in this section describe strategies for using snapshots Use Snapshots as Protection from Risky Changes If you plan to make risky changes in a virtual machine for example testing new software or examining a virus take a snapshot before you begin If you encounter a problem you can restore the virtual machine to the state preserved in that snapshot Snapshots can minimize lost work if something goes wrong If your risky actions cause no problems you can take a new snapshot of the virtual machine in its new state Start a Virtual Machine Repeatedly in the Same State You can configure a virtual machine to revert to a snapshot any time it is powered off as described in Setting Snapshot Power Off Options on page 120 For example you might use this feature when setting up student virtual machines to start each new class at the beginning of the lesson discarding the previous student s work VMware Inc RC DRAFT 187 VMware Server User s Guide What Is Captured by a Snapshot A snapshot captures the entire state of the virtual machine at the time you take the snapshot This includes m Memory state Contents of the
259. n the New Virtual Machine wizard or when you add or edit a virtual network adapter Bridged Networking Bridged networking connects a virtual machine to a network by using the host computer s network adapter If your host computer is on an Ethernet network this is often the easiest way to give your virtual machine access to that network The virtual network adapter in the virtual machine connects to the physical network adapter in your host computer allowing it to connect to the LAN used by the host computer Bridged networking makes the virtual machine visible to other computers on the network and they can communicate directly with the virtual machine Network Basics on page 203 Figure 11 1 Bridged Networking Setup Y virtual machine virtual network adapter OVS NA ee virtual network switch VMnet0 host virtual bridge network adapter _ How to Set Up Bridged Networking Bridged networking is set up automatically if you select Bridged in the New Virtual Machine wizard On Linux hosts this selection is available only if you enable the bridged networking option when you run vmware config pl You can set up additional virtual bridges for custom configurations that require connections to more than one physical network adapter on the host computer Linux and Windows hosts can use bridged networking to connect to both wired and wireless networks VMware Inc RC DRAFT 207 VMware Server User s Guide
260. n you restart the guest operating system Passing a String from the Host to the Guest at Startup To pass a string from the host to the guest at startup you pass the string from your virtual machine s configuration file in the host to the guest operating system when you power on the virtual machine You can pass items like the Windows system ID SID a machine name or an IP address Inside the guest operating system startup script you can have the service retrieve this string The string can then be used in another script to set your virtual machine s system ID machine name or IP address Use this strategy for example to make copies of the same configuration file add a different string to each either in the configuration file itself or at the command line and use these variations of the same configuration file to launch the same virtual disk in nonpersistent mode multiple times in a training or testing environment Passing a string is also useful when you want to deploy virtual machines on a network using a common configuration file while providing each machine with its own unique identity You can pass strings to a virtual machine s guest operating system in one of two ways placing the string in the virtual machine s configuration file or passing the string to the guest from the command line Use this feature only if you have a good understanding of a scripting language for example Perl or NetShell and know how to modify
261. nabled on the host machine If it is enabled disable it Select Start gt Programs gt Administrative Tools gt Routing and Remote Access An icon on the left is labeled with the host name If a green dot appears over the icon IP forwarding is turned on To turn it off right click the icon and disable Routing and Remote Access A red dot appears indicating that IP forwarding is disabled RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Linux Hosts If you find packets leaking out of a host only network on a Linux host computer check to see whether forwarding has mistakenly been enabled on the host machine If it is enabled disable it For many Linux systems disable forwarding by writing a 0 zero to the special file proc sys net ipv4 ip_forward As root enter this command echo 0 gt proc sys net ipv4 ip_forward Other Linux systems have a system configuration option that you can set The method depends on your Linux distribution You can use a control panel specify a setting at the time you compile your kernel or possibly enter a specification when you boot your system Consult your operating system documentation for details on the method to use with your particular distribution Using Filtering If the host computer has multiple network adapters it might be intentionally configured to do IP forwarding In this case you do not want to disable forwarding To avoid packet leakage you must enable a packet filtering fa
262. nd change both shared disks to Basic disks Format both shared virtual disks with NTFS if they are not already formatted Assign the first shared disk to Q quorum and the second disk to R data If you have joined this virtual machine to an existing Active Directory domain skip to Step 10 Run dcpromo exe from the command prompt to start the Active Directory wizard VMware Inc 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Configuring Clustering on Windows Hosts Set up the current machine as a domain controller For the domain name use something similar to lt vmcluster gt lt domain com gt where lt domain com gt is your DNS domain and lt vmcluster gt is your Active Directory domain You can set up this node as a new domain tree or a new domain forest or join it to an existing domain tree or forest Make sure that the DNS server is installed Set the domain permissions as mixed mode unless you have other requirements To add a cluster services account in the domain choose Programs gt Administrative Tools gt Active Directory Users and Computers Add a cluster service account named cluster and specify the following m The user s password m Select the User cannot change password check box m Select the Password never expires check box Insert the Windows CD in the CD ROM drive Choose Control Panel gt Add Remove Programs Select Add Remove Windows Components Select the Cluster Service component Click
263. ne Creating Scripts to Override Default VMware Tools Scripts You can create your own scripts to override the default VMware Tools scripts that control power state changes RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools Scripts are run by the VMware Tools daemon VMwareService exe on Windows and vmware guestd on UNIX Because vmware guestd is run as root on UNIX and as System on Windows the scripts are run in a separate session from the logged in user s session The VMware Tools daemon has no knowledge of desktop sessions which means that it cannot display graphical applications Do not attempt to use custom scripts to display graphical applications Before creating custom scripts make sure that the following conditions are met in the guest operating system The virtual machine is using the latest version of VMware Tools The VMware Tools service is running in the virtual machine Depending on the operation the script performs the virtual machine has a virtual network adapter connected If not the power operation fails UNIX guests only To edit a script by using the Edit button on the Scripts tab xterm and vi must be installed in the guest operating system and must be in your PATH You must be a root user to edit the script To create scripts to override default VMware Tools scripts 1 VMware Inc Determine whether you want to create your custom script by making changes to the default script and saving i
264. ne Hardware 6 Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings 7 Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard To add a named pipe serial port to the virtual machine 1 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Serial Port For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 2 Click Use Named Pipe to connect this virtual machine to an application or another virtual machine running on the host machine 3 On the Properties page enter the path and filename for the pipe Depending on the host system enter one of the following m On Windows hosts The pipe name must be in the format pipe lt namedpipe gt The name must begin with pipe m On Linux hosts The pipe name must be tmp lt socket gt or another UNIX socket name of your choice 4 For Near End select whether the application running in the guest operating system will function as a server or a client m Select Is a server to start this end of the connection first m Select Is a client to start the far end of the connection first 5 For Far End specify where the application that the virtual machine will connect to is located m Select Is a virtual machine if the application that the virtual machine will connect to is located on another virtual machine on the host system m Select Is an application if the application that the vir
265. ned 204 Bridging tab in virtual network editor 259 BusLogic SCSI driver 29 61 152 Cc CD DVD drives accessing directly 144 adding 144 autorun polling in virtual machines 273 connecting and disconnecting 125 editing 146 IDE system requirements 29 removing 147 SCSI system requirements 29 using ATAPI emulation 144 CIFS datastores 104 client devices connecting and disconnecting 125 RC DRAFT clock real time on Linux host 41 synchronize guest and host 89 119 clustering applications 278 cluster in a box 281 configuring virtual machines 282 overview 277 software requirements 278 two node cluster 283 command line interface for VIX API 132 for VMware Tools 99 configuring advanced virtual machine options 121 automatic bridging 218 259 bridged networking 217 CD DVD drives 143 custom virtual networks 211 DHCP on Linux host 223 DHCP on Windows host 223 DHCP settings 218 261 floppy drives 147 groups 195 hard disks 135 host virtual network mapping 218 memory size in virtual machines 269 NAT 242 NAT on Linux host 248 NAT settings 261 network adapters 215 parallel ports 169 processors in virtual machines 270 SCSI controllers 152 SCSI devices 150 second bridged network on a Linux host 229 VMware Inc VMware Inc serial ports 159 sound adapters 157 USB controllers 152 users 194 virtual machine file settings 122 virtual network subnet settings 218 virtual networking sett
266. nel The uninstaller asks whether you want to keep licenses in your registry Do not remove the licenses If you reinstall the VMware product that you uninstalled you do not need to enter the serial number again RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing VMware Server On a Linux host see your product manual for the commands needed to uninstall the product The license remains in place You do not need to take any special action After you have completed the prerequisites and determined which computer you want to use for hosting VMware Server follow the procedure to install VMware Server on your host system Installing VMware Server on a Windows Host Before you perform the installation procedure make sure that you have the VMware Server serial number ready Although you can enter the number after installation it is recommended that you enter it at installation time Enter the serial number that is appropriate for your host operating system The following procedure describes how to run the VMware Server installation wizard NOTE You receive the serial numbers in an email message from VMware The message includes one serial number to use on a Windows host and another serial number to use on a Linux host Enter the serial number that is appropriate for your host operating system To download the software again or request additional serial numbers go to http www vmware com download server If you want to use the command line interface to pe
267. netbios name HOSTNAME server string Samba Host Box Note Printers not loaded in this example Resource definitions commented below printcap name Lpstat load printers yes printing cups socket options TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF 8192 SO_SNDBUF 8192 log file var log samba 1log m max log size 50 security user encrypt passwords yes smb passwd file etc smbpasswd dns proxy no preserve case yes short preserve case yes default case Lower case sensitive no Shared Resources homes comment Home Directories browseable yes writable yes printers VMware Inc RC DRAFT ay VMware Server User s Guide 254 comment ALL Printers path var spool samba browseable yes guest ok yes writable no printable yes create mode 0700 print command lpr cups P p o raw s r using client side printer drivers print command lpr cups P p s using cups own drivers use generic PostScript on clients lpq command lpstat o p lprm command cancel p j system comment System share path valid users username public no browsable yes writable yes printable no Adding User Names and Passwords to the VMware Server Samba Password File You must be sure the Samba password file includes entries for all users of the virtual machine who will access the host
268. ng with the Guest Operating System In general you can use the guest operating system and applications as you would if they were running directly on a physical computer To interact with the guest operating system using your mouse or keyboard Click inside the VMware Remote Console window To transfer control of your mouse and keyboard back to your computer Press Ctrl Alt If VMware Tools is installed in the virtual machine you can move the cursor in and out of the virtual machine to quickly switch mouse and keyboard control between the virtual machine and your computer To press Ctrl Alt Delete Windows clients Press Ctrl Alt Insert instead Ctrl Alt Delete in the virtual machine on Windows client systems You can also select VMware Remote Console gt Troubleshooting gt Send Ctrl Alt Delete Entering and Leaving Full Screen Mode VMware Remote Console allows you to enter and leave full screen mode and control the visibility of the toolbar in full screen mode 124 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Running Virtual Machines To run your virtual machine in full screen mode Click the maximize button on the VMware Remote Console window The desktop expands to fill the screen leaving a toolbar visible at the top of the screen To pin the toolbar so it is always visible Click the pushpin on the toolbar so that it is in a diagonal position To release the toolbar so only a very thin horizontal area is visible Click the pushpin on the t
269. node clusters NOTE VMware does not support clustering in Windows Server 2008 guest systems Applications That Can Use Clustering To take advantage of clustering services applications must be cluster aware Such applications can be stateless such as Web servers and VPN servers Cluster aware applications typically include built in recovery features like those in database servers mail servers file servers and print servers Using SCSI Reservation to Share Virtual SCSI Disks 278 You can share preallocated virtual SCSI disks among multiple virtual machines running on the same host When a virtual disk is shared all virtual machines using the disk must use the SCSI reservation protocol so they can write to the disk concurrently NOTE Only use SCSI reservation if you are familiar with SCSI in general and the SCSI reservation protocol in particular You must install clustering software on each virtual machine that shares a SCSI disk Enabling SCSI reservation does not automatically make the virtual machine a participant in the SCSI reservation protocol The following sections describe how to use SCSI reservation to share virtual disks among multiple virtual machines VMware Inc Configuring Clustering on Windows Hosts SCSI Reservation Prerequisites and Restrictions The use of SCSI reservation is restricted as follows m You can enable SCSI reservation only for virtual SCSI disks You cannot enable SCSI reservatio
270. nstalled click Upgrade VMware Tools Click the Console tab The remaining steps take place inside the virtual machine Depending on whether autorun is enabled one of the following occurs inside the guest operating system m If autorun is enabled in the guest operating system a dialog box appears after a few seconds It asks whether you want to install VMware Tools m If autorun is not enabled the dialog box does not appear automatically Click Start gt Run and enter D setup setup exe where D is your first virtual CD DVD drive Click Yes to launch the InstallShield wizard RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools 4 Follow the onscreen instructions On some Windows operating systems after the SVGA driver is installed you are prompted to reboot to use this new driver 5 Reboot the virtual machine if necessary To change the default configuration options see Using the VMware Tools Control Panel on page 88 Configuring the Video Driver on Older Versions of Windows If you are installing VMware Tools in a virtual machine that has a Windows NT Windows Me Windows 98 or Windows 95 operating system you might need to configure the video driver manually When you click Finish in the VMware Tools installation wizard a message appears indicating that VMware Tools failed to install the SVGA driver appears A Notebook window the Display Properties Settings dialog box and a message box appear promptin
271. nstalling VMware Tools in a Windows Guest System VMware Tools is supported on all Windows guest operating systems Before you click the Install VMware Tools command to install VMware Tools perform the following tasks as necessary If you are running VMware Server on a Windows host and your virtual machine has only one CD DVD drive make sure that the CD DVD drive is configured as an IDE or SCSI CD DVD drive It cannot be configured as a generic SCSI device If necessary add an IDE or SCSI CD DVD drive to the virtual machine See Adding a CD DVD Drive to a Virtual Machine on page 144 Make sure that the virtual CD DVD drive is configured to auto detect a physical drive This task is necessary if you connected the virtual machine s CD DVD drive to an ISO image file when you installed the operating system Change the connection from the ISO image to auto detect a physical drive When you install VMware Tools make sure that the virtual machine is powered on If the guest operating system is a Windows NT Windows 2000 Windows XP Windows Server 2003 or Windows Vista operating system log in as an administrator Any user can install VMware Tools in a Windows 95 Windows 98 or Windows Me guest operating system To install or upgrade VMware Tools in a Windows guest operating system 1 In VI Web Access click Install VMware Tools in the Status section of the virtual machine Summary tab If an earlier version of VMware Tools is i
272. nt users the right to perform specific activities on specific objects For example to configure memory for VMware Server you must have host configuration permissions All changes take effect immediately Users do not need to log out and log in for changes to permissions to take effect NOTE By default all users who are members of the Administrators group on a VMware Server host running on Windows are granted the same access rights as any user assigned to the Administrator role Users who are members of the Administrators group can log in as individuals and have full access Creating Permissions You can assign system or user defined roles to users or groups on VMware Server inventory objects In VMware Server the only inventory objects are the host and individual virtual machines To create a permission 1 Log in to VI Web Access as a user with Administrator privileges 2 With the host or a virtual machine inventory object selected click the Permissions tab RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing Roles and Permissions Click New Permission in the Commands section of the tab Select a user or group to which you want to grant a role on this object When you have a large number of users and groups only some of them are displayed Enter a search value in the Quick Find text box to retrieve users and groups with names or descriptions that contain that value Select a role you want to grant from the drop down list When a role is se
273. ntaining Adequate Free Disk Space For optimal performance keep adequate free disk space on the host physical disk Performance can degrade considerably when VMware Server is using a host disk with little free space to write growable virtual disk snapshot and redo files Enabling Disk Write Caching on Windows Hosts On Windows hosts you can enable and disable write caching for each hard disk from the Policies tab of the disk s Hardware Properties dialog box In some cases you can also enable advanced performance for the disk Enabling one or both of these settings can improve host disk performance in general Enabling these settings on the host disk that contains the virtual machine disk files can improve virtual disk performance especially when VMware Server is making heavy use of the disk Configuring Swap Space on Linux Hosts On Linux hosts the amount of swap space and the size of the tmp directory affect performance Make sure that size of the tmp directory is at least 1 5 times the amount of memory on the host For example if the host system has 1GB of memory make sure that the host s tmp directory is at least 1 5GB in size For more information about configuring swap space and the tmp directory see VMware knowledge base article 844 http www vmware com support kb enduser std_adp php p_faqid 844 Increasing NIC Interrupt Coalescing Interrupt coalescing is a configurable feature in high performance NICs Interrupt coale
274. ny existing snapshots are overwritten without warning and the virtual machines are backed up using quiesced snapshots If not set or set to FALSE the virtual machines are not quiesced if a snapshot exists when the backup is taken 2 Start the VMware VSS Writer Service using the Windows Services control panel 112 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing VMware Server The user running the VSS Writer Service must have permission to perform administrative tasks on virtual machines such as creating snapshots The user must also be able to write to the virtual machine disk file directory You can verify or change the username and password in the Log On tab of the Properties dialog box for the VSS Writer Service You must restart the VSS Writer Service any time you make changes to the vmvsswriter cfg file To restore a virtual machine from a quiesced backup 1 Make sure that any virtual machines you want to restore are powered off 2 Do one of the following m Use the backup software to restore the virtual machines m Restore an individual virtual machine by reverting to the snapshot For information about reverting to a snapshot see Reverting to a Snapshot on page 190 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 113 VMware Server User s Guide 114 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Running Virtual Machines After you have installed VMware Server created a virtual machine and installed a guest operating system and VMware Tools you are ready to run your virtual m
275. o a virtual machine you might see a message on your host that says the device can be removed safely This is normal behavior and you can dismiss the dialog box However do not remove the device from your physical computer Under some circumstances if a USB storage device is in use on the host for example one or more files stored on the device are open on the host an error appears in the virtual machine when you try to connect to the device You must let the host complete its operation or close any application connected to the device on the host and then connect to the device in the virtual machine again RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Device Control on a Linux Host On Linux hosts guest operating systems can use devices that are not already in use by the host devices that are not claimed by a host operating system driver If your device is in use by the host you can unload the device driver manually as root su by using the rmmod command Or if the driver was automatically loaded by hotplug you can disable it in the hotplug configuration files in the etc hotplug directory See your Linux distribution s documentation for details on editing these configuration files Sometimes devices that rely on automatic connection as PDAs often do experience connection problems If you have successfully used autoconnection to connect the device to your virtual machine but later experience problems with th
276. o connect and disconnect client CD DVD and floppy devices See Using VMware Remote Console on page 124 Increased Memory Support The maximum amount of memory that can be allocated per virtual machine is increased from 3 6GB to 8GB The amount of memory that can be used by all virtual machines combined is limited only by the amount of memory on the host computer Increase in Number of Network Adapters Supported You can now have a total of 10 network adapters for a virtual machine Quiesced Backups of Virtual Machines on Windows On Windows hosts you can enable the VMware VSS Writer which uses snapshots to maintain the data integrity of applications running inside the virtual machine when you take backups See Enabling Quiesced Backups of Virtual Machines on Windows Support for High Speed USB 2 0 Devices If the guest operating system has the appropriate USB 2 0 device drivers you can use peripherals that require high speed performance such as speakers webcams next generation printers and scanners fast storage devices MP3 players DVD RW drives and high capacity CD ROM jukeboxes You can also connect to USB 1 1 devices See Connecting USB Devices on page 153 USB 2 0 support is available only for VMware products that support virtual machine hardware versions 6 and 7 such as VMware Server 2 and Workstation 6 For USB 2 0 support your host machine must support USB 2 0 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 21 VMware Server User
277. o track virtual machine performance using the Windows Performance console 1 Select Start gt Programs gt Administrative Tools gt Performance or enter perfmon msc at the Windows command prompt 2 Inthe Performance console select System Monitor and click the plus sign on the toolbar The Add Counters dialog box is displayed 3 In the Performance object list select VMware 4 Select which counters to monitor m All Counters Monitor all counters m Select counters from list Monitor the counters you select from the list To display the description of a counter select the counter and click Explain 5 Select which virtual machines to monitor m Allinstances Monitor all running virtual machines m Select instances from list Monitor the virtual machines you select from the list 6 Click Add to add the counters to the Performance console For more information about using the Performance console use the console in product help or visit the Microsoft Web site RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Clustering on Windows Hosts This chapter describes how to create cluster configurations using VMware Server on Windows hosts This chapter covers the following topics m Overview of Clustering with VMware Server on page 277 m Using SCSI Reservation to Share Virtual SCSI Disks on page 278 m Creating a Cluster in a Box on page 281 Overview of Clustering with VMware Server Clustering enables a group o
278. o update automatically see Options Tab on page 89 or you can perform a manual update On other guests you must manually update RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools When you update VMware Tools any changes you made to the default scripts are overwritten Any custom scripts you created remain untouched but do not benefit from any underlying changes that enhance the default scripts To update VMware Tools for a virtual machine do one of the following In the Options tab of the VMware Tools Control Panel click the Update button In VI Web Access click Upgrade VMware Tools in the Status section of the virtual machine Summary tab A dialog box enables you to select automatic or interactive upgrade m Ifyou select Automatic VMware Tools Upgrade and click Upgrade VMware Tools is upgraded without further user interaction m If you select Interactive VMware Tools Upgrade and click Upgrade the remaining steps take place inside the virtual machine Use the same procedure that you used for installing VMware Tools the first time For platform specific installation instructions see Installing VMware Tools on page 73 You are prompted to select the VMware Tools components to upgrade Uninstalling VMware Tools Occasionally an update of VMware Tools is incomplete You can usually solve the problem by uninstalling VMware Tools and then reinstalling To uninstall VMware Tools Depending on the guest
279. o use is not listed select Other and select a 32 bit or 64 bit system NOTE VMware Server supports 64 bit guest operating systems only on host machines with supported processors 58 RC D RAFT VMware Inc Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines Product Compatibility Virtual Machine Hardware Version In the Product Compatibility section of the Guest Operating System page virtual machine hardware version 7 is selected by default A hardware version 7 virtual machine can use new VMware Server 2 features including m 8GB memory maximum per virtual machine instead of 3 6GB m Ten virtual network adapter maximum instead of three m VMI paravirtualization support on certain Linux guests configured as described in Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 If you migrate a virtual machine with the new features to Workstation 6 x all the latest VMware Server 2 features are supported However you cannot migrate the virtual machine to most other VMware products If you select hardware version 4 the virtual machine is compatible with other current VMware products including Workstation 5 and 6 ESX 3 and VMware Server 1 and 2 For more information see the Virtual Machine Mobility Planning Guide Amount of Memory On the Memory and Processors page the memory size is set to the Recommended Size by default The recommended value is based on the selected guest operating system and the amount of memory in the h
280. oProgramDirectory gt ADDLOCAL ALL REMOVE lt featurename featurename gt qn To install VMware Server in a location other than the default change the INSTALLDIR path Use the optional REMOVE setting to skip installation of certain features The REMOVE setting can take one or more of the values listed in Table 2 1 Table 2 1 Values for the REMOVE Setting Value Description Network Networking components including the virtual bridge and the host adapters for host only and NAT networking Do not remove this component if you want to use NAT or DHCP DHCP Virtual DHCP server NAT Virtual NAT device If you specify more than one value use a comma to separate the values for example REMOVE DHCP NAT If you specify REMOVE Network you do not need to specify DHCP or NAT separately You can customize the installation further by adding any of the following installation properties to the command using the format lt property gt lt value gt A value of 1 means true A value of 0 means false If you use the serial number property enter the serial number with hyphens Xxxxx xxxXX XXXXX XXXXX Table 2 2 PROPERTY Values Property Effect of the Property Default DESKTOP_SHORTCUT Installs a shortcut on the desktop 1 DISABLE_AUTORUN Disables CD autorun on the host 1 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing VMware Server Table 2 2 PROPERTY Values Property Effect of the Property Default REMOVE_LICENSE Uninstall onl
281. of minutes to keep the UDP mapping for the NAT The incomingtcp Section Use this section to configure TCP port forwarding for NAT You can assign a port number to an IP address and port number on a virtual machine The following line shows the format used in this section 8887 192 168 27 128 21 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network This example creates a mapping from port 8887 on the host to the IP address 192 168 27 128 and port 21 When this mapping is set and an external machine connects to the host at port 8887 the network packets are automatically forwarded to port21 the standard port for FIP on the virtual machine with IP address 192 168 27 128 The incomingudp Section Use this section to configure UDP port forwarding for NAT You can assign a port number to an IP address and port number on a virtual machine The following line shows the format used in this section It illustrates a way to forward X server traffic from the host port 6000 to the virtual machine s port 6001 6000 192 168 27 128 6001 This example creates a mapping from port 6000 on the host to the IP address 192 168 27 128 and port 6001 When this mapping is set and an external machine connects to the host at port 6000 the network packets are automatically forwarded to port 6001 on the virtual machine with IP address 192 168 27 128 Custom NAT and DHCP Configuration on a Windows Host If you are an advanced user on a Windows host
282. ollowing command as the root user to remove it rmmod lp Verify that the line referring to the Lp module in the etc modules conf or etc conf modules file is removed or commented out by inserting a hash character at the beginning of the line The name of the configuration file depends on the Linux distribution you are using When you reboot the host after removing this line the configuration file no longer starts the Lp module To ensure that the proper modules for the parallel port are loaded at boot time add the following line to the etc modules conf or etc conf modules file alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc Parallel Ports and Linux 2 4 x Kernels Make sure that PC Style Hardware CONFIG_PARPORT_PC is loaded as a module set to m If you are using a 2 4 x kernel the modules that provide parallel port functionality are parport parport_pc and ppdev Also make sure that you enable support for user space parallel device drivers CONFIG_PPDEV VMware Inc RC DRAFT ve VMware Server User s Guide 174 To check the module configuration 1 Determine whether the parport parport_pc and ppdev modules are installed and loaded on your system by running the 1smod command as the root user All three modules must be included in the listing of loaded modules You can also look at the proc modules file for the same list To load the proper modules run this command insmod lt modulename gt If none of the liste
283. on for VMware Server 2 0 This intuitive web based interface provides a simple and flexible tool for virtual machine management Using VI Web Access you can do the following Create configure and delete virtual machines Add and remove virtual machines from the inventory Perform power operations start stop reset suspend and resume on virtual machines Monitor the operation of virtual machines Generate a Web shortcut for virtual machine users that allows them to interact directly with the guest operating system from a Web browser with the option to limit their view to the console or a single virtual machine Generate a VMware Remote Console desktop shortcut that allows virtual machine users to interact directly with the guest operating system outside of a Web browser Configure host wide VMware Server settings VI Web Access and VMware Remote Console replace the VMware Management Interface and VMware Server Console See Chapter 3 Learning VMware Server Basics Using VI Web Access on page 47 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Introduction and System Requirements VMware Remote Console VMware Remote Console enables you to interact with the guest operating system running in a virtual machine You can run VMware Remote Console on the host or a remote client system After you install it as a Web browser add on from VI Web Access VMware Remote Console can run independently from VI Web Access VMware Remote Console also allows you t
284. on page 265 m Allocating Memory to a Virtual Machine on page 268 m Editing Virtual Machine Memory on page 269 m Editing Virtual Processors on page 270 m Using Two Way Virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing on page 270 m Configuring and Maintaining Guest Operating Systems on page 271 Configuring and Maintaining the Host System This section describes how to configure and maintain host systems to optimize VMware Server performance It also describes host wide VMware Server settings that impact VMware Server performance Defragmenting Hard Disks Disk access performance is degraded when the physical disk that stores the virtual machine disk files and working directory is fragmented Fragmentation of the host hard disk can degrade the access performance of any or all of the following m The files that make up a virtual disk m The files that store newly saved data when you take a snapshot VMware Inc RC DRAFT 265 VMware Server User s Guide 266 m The files that hold information used when suspending and resuming a virtual machine If you are experiencing slow disk performance in the virtual machine or if you want to improve the speed of suspend and resume operations make sure that the host physical disk that stores the virtual machine disk files and working directory is not fragmented If the host disk is fragmented you can improve performance by running a defragmentation utility on that host disk Mai
285. oncurrently potentially causing data loss or corruption m VMware Server virtual machines currently support only the SCSI 2 disk reservation protocol and not applications using SCSI 3 disk reservations Enabling SCSI Reservation SCSI reservation must be enabled in each virtual machine before you can share virtual disks VMware recommends that you configure shared virtual disks on the same SCSI bus which must be a different bus from the one that the guest operating system uses For example if your guest operating system is on the scsi0 bus configure the shared disks on the next available bus typically the scsi1 bus VMware Inc 279 VMware Server User s Guide To enable SCSI reservation in a virtual machine 1 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off Set the scsi lt x gt sharedBus parameter where lt x gt is the number of the SCSI bus being shared to virtual in the virtual machine configuration file as described in Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 For example to enable SCSI reservation for devices on the scsi1 bus set scsil sharedBus to virtual This allows the whole bus to be shared If you do not want to share the whole bus you can selectively allow SCSI reservation for a specific SCSI disk on the shared bus For example if you want to share a SCSI disk located at scsi1 1 set scsil 1 shared to true You must specify the same SCSI target in this example scsi1 1 in the
286. onfiguration tab gt System Resource Allocation Storage Manages VMFS datastore and HCand VC Hosts Hosts Partition diagnostic partitions Scans for new Configuration storage devices Manages iSCSI User interface element Host Configuration tab gt Storage Storage Adapters Host Configuration tab datastore context menu Virtual Changes auto start and auto stop order HCand VC Hosts Hosts Machine of virtual machines on a single host Auto start User interface element Host Configuration Configuration tab gt Virtual Machine Startup or Shutdown VMware Inc 297 RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide Host Inventory Table A 9 Host Inventory Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Add Host To Adds a host to an existing cluster VC only Hosts Clusters Cluster User interface element Inventory context menu File gt New gt Add Host Add Adds a standalone host VC only Hosts Datacenters Stand alone User interface element Toolbar Host folders Host button Inventory context menu Inventory gt Datacenter gt Add Host File gt New gt Add Host Hosts tab context menu Create Cluster Creates a new cluster VC only Clusters Datacenters User interface elements Toolbar Host folders button inventory context menu Inventory gt Datacenter gt New Cluster File gt New gt Cluster Modify Changes the properties of a cluster VC only Clusters Clusters Cl
287. ontinue the installation On the Destination Folder page if you do not want VMware Server installed in the directory that is shown click Change and specify an alternate installation directory Windows and the Microsoft Installer limit the length of a path to a directory on a local drive to 255 characters For a path to a directory on a mapped or shared drive the limit is 240 characters If the path exceeds this limit an error message appears and you must select or enter a shorter path If you specify a directory that does not exist the installer creates it for you You cannot install VMware Server on a network drive Click Next On the Server Configuration Information page if you do not want virtual machine files stored in the directory that is shown click Change and specify an alternate virtual machine directory If you specify a directory that does not exist the installer creates it for you Also on the Server Configuration Information page accept or change the default values for FODN Server HTTP Port and Server HTTPS Port The fully qualified domain name FQDN includes the host name and the domain name For example in the FQDN myserverhost companydomain com myserverhost is the host name and companydomain com is the domain The FQDN is used to create the desktop shortcut that opens VI Web Access If you do not set Server HTTP Port to 80 you must include the port number you specify here in the VI Web Access connectio
288. oolbar so that it is in a horizontal position After a few seconds with no use most of the toolbar disappears To make the toolbar fully visible Move the mouse pointer to the top middle of the screen where the thin horizontal area is visible To reduce the VMware Remote Console display so it is running in a window Click the restore button on the toolbar To return to a window if the mouse pointer is not available Press Ctrl Alt Connecting and Disconnecting Client Devices Use VI Web Access to configure virtual machines to use physical CD DVD and floppy drives and ISO and floppy images on the host system See Chapter 8 Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware on page 135 You can connect and disconnect host devices from VMware Remote Console Devices that are connected to the host system include on Server after the name in the Devices menu You can also use VMware Remote Console to connect virtual machines to CD DVD and floppy drives attached to the client system You can also connect to CD DVD iso and floppy flp image files on the client system Select from the options in the Devices menu and submenus to connect and disconnect physical drives or to browse to an image file A check mark next to the name of a device indicates that it is connected If there is no check mark the device is not connected VMware Inc RC DRAFT 125 VMware Server User s Guide 126 Only one machine the client computer the host com
289. op down menu then click Edit The NAT Settings dialog box appears You can change any of the following NAT settings m Port forwarding lets you send incoming TCP or UDP requests to a specific virtual machine on the virtual network served by the NAT device To set up and configure forwarded ports click Port forwarding A dialog box appears RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network To add a new port for either TCP or UDP click Add If a port is already listed you can change its settings Select its name in the list and click Properties Or click Remove to remove the selected port When you click Add another dialog box appears In the Host port field type the number of the incoming TCP or UDP port For example incoming HTTP requests are usually on port 80 In the first Forwarding IP address field type the IP address of the virtual machine to which you want to forward the incoming requests In the second field on that line type the port number you want to use for those requests on that virtual machine You can enter the standard port such as 80 for HTTP ora nonstandard port if software running in the virtual machine is configured to accept requests on a nonstandard port The Description field is optional You might use it to identify the service being forwarded for example HTTP When you have made these settings click OK You can specify DNS servers to be used by the virtual NAT device To do so click DNS A dialog b
290. operating system do one of the following VMware Inc On a Windows guest use the guest operating system s Add Remove Programs item to remove VMware Tools On any UNIX guest log on as root su and enter the following command vmware uninstall tools pl On a Linux guest that has VMware Tools installed using an RPM installer enter the following command rpm e VMwareTools RC DRAFT I VMware Server User s Guide Repairing or Changing VMware Tools If features do not work after a VMware Tools update you might need to uninstall VMware Tools and reinstall Be sure to follow these steps Do not use the repair or change option in the guest s Add Remove Programs item in the Windows Control Panel To repair or change installed modules 1 Uninstall the old version of VMware Tools as described in Uninstalling VMware Tools on page 87 2 Install the new version of VMware Tools as described in Installing VMware Tools on page 73 Using the VMware Tools Control Panel 88 Use the VMware Tools control panel to modify VMware Tools configuration settings shrink virtual disks and connect and disconnect virtual devices Before you begin make sure that VMware Tools is installed in the guest operating system On Windows Vista guests log in to the operating system as an Administrator user To open the VMware Tools control panel Do one of the following m In Windows guests double click VMware Tools icon in the not
291. or the DHCP settings for a virtual network click the button on the right that corresponds to the virtual network you want to configure then select Subnet or DHCP Changing the Subnet RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network In the Subnet dialog box you can change the subnet s IP address and the subnet mask The address must be a valid network address that is suitable for use with the subnet mask The default subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 a class C network Typically this means you should modify only the third number in the IP address for example x in 192 168 x 0 or 172 16 x 0 In general you should not change the subnet mask Certain virtual network services might not work as well with a customized subnet mask When you modify the network address or subnet mask VMware Server automatically updates the IP address settings for other components such as DHCP NAT and host virtual adapter on that virtual network to reflect the new settings The specific settings that are automatically updated include DHCP lease range DHCP server address NAT gateway address and host virtual adapter IP address However if you have changed any of these settings from its default value even if you have later changed the setting back to the default VMware Server does not update that setting automatically It presumes that custom settings are not to be modified Changing DHCP Settings In the DHCP settings dialog box you can c
292. orks section of the host s Summary tab and you can add these networks to virtual machines To restart the virtual network system 1 Select the host in the Inventory panel 2 Inthe Commands section of the host Summary tab click Refresh Network List Adding a Virtual Network Adapter Virtual network adapters can be connected to a labeled network in much the same way that physical network adapters are connected by cables to wall jacks By choosing a labeled network for an adapter you enable the guest operating system to reach the resources of the specified network To add a virtual network adapter 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off 3 Inthe Commands section of the Summary tab click Add Hardware The Add Hardware wizard opens 4 Click Network Adapter and click Next 5 Select the name of the virtual network adapter Select Bridged NAT HostOnly or a custom network you have configured in the virtual network editor Windows or vmware config pl Linux If you select a custom network you configured in the virtual network editor select name that corresponds to the VMnet virtual network to use from the drop down list VMware Inc RC DRAFT 215 VMware Server User s Guide 216 NOTE VMnet0 VMneti and VMnet8 are normally used for bridged host only and NAT configurations respectively Special steps are required to make them available for use in
293. ose the property sheet 5 Right click the network adapter and select Properties to unbind the VMware Bridge Protocol from each physical network adapter that is being used for bridged networking 6 Clear the VMware Bridge Protocol check box 7 Click OK to close the property sheet Alternately you can use the virtual network editor to either map the teamed network adapter to VMnet0 or exclude the physical adapters from any automatic bridging by VMware Server For information see Configuring Bridged Networking Options on a Windows Host on page 217 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 231 VMware Server User s Guide Changing the Teamed Networking Mode If you change the teamed networking mode you must delete the original network adapter team on the host and create a new team Do not modify a virtual machine s network adapter teaming settings V CAUTION Before you delete the original team power off or suspend all virtual machines on the host to prevent the teaming software from locking up Setting Up Two Separate Host Only Networks 232 For some configurations you might need to set up more than one host only network on the same host computer You might for example want to have two virtual machines connected to one host only network and at the same time have other virtual machines connected to another host only network This setup isolates network traffic on each network Or you might want to test routing between two virtua
294. ost computer Click Recommended Maximum for best performance Optimal memory size is determined by a number of factors described in Allocating Memory to a Virtual Machine on page 268 Click Recommended Minimum to minimize the host memory resources allocated to this virtual machine NOTE Do not enter a value lower than the recommended minimum This could prevent the guest operating system from running The maximum amount of memory per virtual machine is 8GB for a hardware version 6 or 7 virtual machine The total amount of memory you can assign to all virtual machines running on a single host is limited only by the amount of memory on the host system Number of Processors Setting the virtual machine to have multiple processors is supported only for host machines with at least two logical processors VMware Inc RC D RAFT 59 VMware Server User s Guide 60 The following are all considered to have multiple logical processors m Asingle processor host with hyperthreading enabled m Asingle processor host with a multi core CPU A multiprocessor host with two or more CPUs regardless of whether they are multi core or have hyperthreading enabled For information about VMware Server support for virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing SMP see Using Two Way Virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing on page 270 Hard Disk Type and Properties On the Hard Disk page Create a New Virtual Disk is selected by default When you c
295. ost to use for bridged networking You can map specific network adapters to specific virtual networks VMnets To configure bridged networking options on a Windows host 1 VMware Inc Launch the virtual network editor from the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks The virtual network editor appears with the Summary tab active By default the VMnet0 virtual network is set up in bridged mode and bridges to one of the active network adapters on the host computer The choice of which adapter it uses is arbitrary VMware recommends that you let VMware Server select an available physical network adapter for bridging as it provides fault tolerance If a network adapter becomes unavailable for example if it is unplugged or removed from the host the network bridge automatically switches to another network adapter on the host RC DRAFT ali VMware Server User s Guide 218 You can restrict the range of choices by using options on the Automatic Bridging tab Also shown are VMneti the default virtual network for host only networking and VMnet8 the default virtual network for NAT if they are enabled in VMware Server To exclude one or more physical network adapters from the list to which VMnetO can be bridged click the Automatic Bridging tab To exclude a network adapter click Add to add it to the list of excluded devices In the Choose Network Adapters dialog box select
296. ost wide memory settings see Configuring Host Wide Virtual Machine Memory Usage on page 267 Editing Virtual Machine Memory You can change the amount of memory allocated to a virtual machine To edit memory allocation 1 2 3 VMware Inc Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the Memory icon and select Edit Enter the amount of memory in MB or GB in multiples of four NOTE To make sure that the virtual machine can boot allocate at least the Recommended Minimum amount of memory Click OK to save your changes RC DRAFT oa VMware Server User s Guide Using Two Way Virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing For all supported configurations of 32 bit and 64 bit host and guest operating systems running on multiprocessor host machines VMware Server provides support for two way Virtual SMP Virtual SMP enables you to assign two virtual processors to a virtual machine on any host machine that has at least two logical processors The following are all considered to have two or more logical processors m A multiprocessor host with two or more physical CPUs m Asingle processor host with a multicore CPU m Asingle processor host with hyperthreading enabled NOTE On hyperthreaded uniprocessor hosts performance of virtual machines with Virtual SMP might be subpar Guests with more than two vi
297. ot need any shares to appear on your bridged network you can use your existing Samba server and set up the configuration file so it works only on the host only network Samba configurations can be quite complex This section provides several sample configuration files If you need to go beyond the issues covered here see the man page for the smb conf file To view this man page type one of the following commands in a terminal window man smb conf or man 5 smb conf Pay particular attention to the section on encrypted passwords If you have enabled clear text passwords in the guest operating system be sure that smb conf is set up to use clear text passwords Similarly if you are using encrypted passwords you must have the same setting in the guest operating system and in smb conf NOTE Using Samba printer sharing with virtual machines is not supported Consult the man pages for guidance on configuring Samba for printing RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Sample smb conf for Host Only Networking The following sample Samba configuration file is for use with host only networking This configuration is for the 2 0 6 version of Samba installed by VMware Server The configuration files are placed in etc vmware vmnet1 smb by default This is the VMware TM Samba configuration file Read the smb conf 5 manual page to understand the options listed here Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of whic
298. ox appears You can change the Policy for using multiple DNS servers if you prefer to use Rotate or Burst instead of the default setting of Order To add a DNS server to the list click Add Another dialog box appears Enter the DNS server s IP address in the IP address field The Description field is optional When you have made the desired settings click OK To change the settings for a server already in the list select its entry in the DNS dialog box and click Properties To delete an entry select the entry and click Remove When you have made the desired changes click OK You can change the IP address for the NAT device in the Gateway IP address field To change the Netmask click the button on the Host Virtual Network Mapping tab of the virtual network editor and select Subnet To allow only passive mode FTP over the NAT device deselect the Active FTP check box You can change the number of minutes to keep the UDP mapping for the NAT in the UDP timeout field If you change the OUI Organizationally Unique Identifier portion of the MAC address for the virtual machine and subsequently cannot use NAT with the virtual machine you should check the Allow Any OUI check box In the Config port field you can specify a port that can be used to access status information about the NAT This option is used for troubleshooting purposes with VMware technical support only You can change NetBIOS timeout and retry settings When you have m
299. port for specifying that an interface should not be advertised Consult the routed 8 manual page for your system in case you have a more contemporary version of the software The gated process requires some configuration You need to explicitly exclude the VMnetl interface from any protocol activity If you need to run virtual machines on a host only network on a multihomed system where gated is used and have problems doing so contact VMware technical support by submitting a support request at www vmware com requestsupport Issues with Host Only Networking on a Linux Host The following are common issues you might encounter when you are configuring a host only network VMware Inc RC DRAFT 227 VMware Server User s Guide 228 DHCPD on the Linux Host Does Not Work After VMware Server Installation If you were running the DHCP server program dhcpd on your machine before installing VMware Server it probably was configured to respond to DHCP requests from clients on any network interface present on the machine When host only networking is configured an additional network interface VMnet1 is marked up and available for use and dhcpd might notice this 7 In such cases some dhcpd implementations abort if their configuration files do not include a subnet specification for the interface even if dhcpd is not supposed to respond to messages that arrive through the interface The best solution to this problem is to add a line
300. puter or the virtual machine can use CD DVD and floppy drives at any one time If your virtual machine is configured to use the device and if you want to use that device directly on your client or host computer make sure it is disconnected from the virtual machine Resetting and Powering Off You can select these power operations from the VMware Remote Console gt Troubleshoot menu m Reset The reset command affects your virtual machine the same way a reset button affects a physical computer Sending the reset command is like turning the power off then immediately turning it on again m Suspend and Exit If selected VMware Remote Console suspends the virtual machine and closes m Power Off and Exit If selected VMware Remote Console powers off the virtual machine and closes The power off command affects your virtual machine in the same way that turning off the power affects a physical computer Giving the power off command is like turning the power off and leaving it off Viewing the Message Log The Message Log dialog box allows you to open and view VMware Server virtual machine messages and to remove any or all messages from the log Select VMware Remote Console gt Troubleshoot gt Message Log Quitting VMware Remote Console Quit VMware Remote Console before you shut down the computer where VMware Remote Console is running To quit VMware Remote Console do one of the following m Select VMware Remote Con
301. quirements Platforms that are not listed are not supported NOTE As new Linux kernels and distributions are released VMware modifies and tests its products for stability and reliability on those host platforms VMware makes every effort to add support for new kernels and distributions in a timely manner but until a kernel or distribution is added to the list its use is not supported Look for newer prebuilt modules in the Download section of VMware Web site at http www vmware com download 64 bit host computers can run the following operating systems for 64 bit extended systems m Mandriva Corporate Server 4 m Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 1 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 0 Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 4 5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 4 5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux WS 4 5 m SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 SP4 m Ubuntu Linux 8 04 Ubuntu Linux 7 10 Ubuntu Linux 7 04 Ubuntu Linux 6 10 Ubuntu Linux 6 06 26 RC D RAFT VMware Inc Introduction and System Requirements 32 bit host computers can run the following operating systems m Mandrake Linux 10 1 m Mandriva Corporate Server 4 m Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 1 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 0 Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS 4 5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 4 5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux WS 4 5 m SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 SP4 m TurboLinux En
302. r Script Action Schedules a scripted action in conjunction with an alarm User interface element Alarm Settings dialog box VC only All inventory objects All inventory objects Service Managers Allows use of the resxtop command in the Remote CLI No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege HC and VC Hosts Hosts 294 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Table A 6 Global Privileges Continued Defined Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Set Custom Views creates and removes custom VC only All objects All Attributes attribute fields inventory User interface element Any list view objects shows the fields defined and allows setting them Settings Reads and modifies runtime VC VC only All objects Root folder configuration settings User interface element Administration gt VirtualCenter Management Server Configuration VC Server Prepares or initiates a VMotion send VC only All objects Root folder operation or a VMotion receive operation No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Host CIM Table A 7 Host CIM Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object CIM Allows a client to obtain a ticket to use HC and VC Hosts Hosts Interaction for CIM services VMware Inc RC DRAFT 295 VMware Server User s Guide Host Configuration Table A 8
303. r lt gt next to the left shift key The v scan code for this key is 0x056 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 183 VMware Server User s Guide 184 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine Suspending a virtual machine allows you to save the current state so that you can continue work later from the same state Taking a snapshot allows you to preserve the state of a virtual machine so that you can return to the same state repeatedly To perform suspend or snapshot operations you must have the required permissions This chapter includes the following topics m Suspending and Resuming Virtual Machines on page 185 m Using Snapshots on page 187 Suspending and Resuming Virtual Machines The suspend operation saves the current state of the virtual machine When you resume a suspended virtual machine any applications that were running when you suspended the virtual machine are resumed in their running state and the application data is the same as when you suspended the virtual machine The speed of the suspend and resume operations depends on how much data has changed during the time that the virtual machine was running The first suspend operation typically takes longer than later suspend operations When you resume and do additional work in the virtual machine you cannot return to the state that the virtual machine was in at the time it was suspended To preserve the state of the virtual machine so you
304. r a host only network on a Linux host 227 RPM installer for VMware Server 42 for VMware Tools 78 79 running suspended virtual machines 185 Index S Samba already running on a Linux host 255 and file sharing on a Linux host 249 and printer sharing 250 CIFS datastores 104 on both bridged and host only networks 256 password file 254 running two Samba servers 256 sample configuration file 251 252 256 saving virtual machine state 185 187 scan code 177 scheduled tasks privileges 303 scripts creating custom VMware Tools 94 enabling disabling and running 91 running and disabling 96 running during power state changes 93 VMware Tools 119 Scripts tab VMware Tools 91 SCSI controller 152 SCSI devices adding 150 editing 151 generic 150 host requirement 24 in virtual machine 29 passthrough 150 removing 151 SCSI reservation and clustering 278 enabling 279 issues to consider 281 preallocated virtual disks 278 RC DRAFT ag VMware Server User s Guide sharing SCSI disks 278 support 279 serial connections between host application and virtual machine 163 between two virtual machines 164 changing input speed 169 to a serial port on the host 163 yielding CPU on poll 168 serial number 15 36 39 53 serial ports adding 159 configuring 163 editing 162 example usage 163 removing 163 using 163 servers DHCP 205 219 223 228 240 247 DNS 228 241 243 262 Samba 249 WINS 242 247 service VSS Wri
305. r groups the definition is removed from the list of roles When you remove a role that is assigned to any users or groups you can remove all assignments or replace them with an assignment to another role y CAUTION Be sure that you understand how users will be affected before removing role assignments or replacing them System roles cannot be removed To remove an existing role 1 From the VI Web Access menu bar select Administration gt Manage Roles 2 Inthe Roles list select the role you want to remove 3 Click Remove VMware Inc RC DRAFT 197 VMware Server User s Guide 4 To confirm that you want to delete the selected role click OK 5 Ifthe role is assigned to one or more users or groups a warning dialog box appears and you must select one of the radio button options m Remove role Removes the role and all associated permissions Users and groups that have no other permissions assigned will no longer have any privileges m Convert role Reassigns any associated permissions to the role you select from the drop down list 6 Click OK The role is removed from the list and is no longer available to assign to users or groups Managing Permissions 198 In VMware Server a permission consists of a user or group s assigned role for a VMware Server object such as a virtual machine A new permission is created by pairing a user and a role and assigning this pair to an inventory object Permissions gra
306. r must be closed before you can log back in to VI Web Access with full user interface capabilities To create a virtual machine Web shortcut 1 Select the virtual machine from which to generate a Web shortcut in the Inventory panel 2 In the Status section of the Summary tab click Generate Virtual Machine Shortcut 3 In the Web Shortcut section a sample URL is displayed 4 Optional Expand Customize Web Shortcut to select the user interface features m Select Limit workspace view to the console to provide access to virtual machine s Console tab while hiding other details like event logs m Select Limit view to a single virtual machine to disable inventory navigation m Select Obfuscate this URL to generate a URL that obscures the connection information 5 Copy the Web shortcut for future use VMware Inc RC DRAFT 127 VMware Server User s Guide 6 Click OK to return to the Summary tab Generating a VMware Remote Console Desktop Shortcut VMware Remote Console allows you to interact directly with the guest operating system outside of a Web browser After you have installed the VMware Remote Console add on you can create a desktop shortcut that starts VMware Remote Console and connects to the virtual machine NOTE When using Internet Explorer you must restart the Web browser after installing the VMware Remote Console add on and before creating the VMware Remote Console desktop shortcut If you do not restart Internet
307. r reset When you revert to the snapshot the contents of the redo log are discarded Any additional changes are once again accumulated in a new redo log Redo log files that store changes to nonpersistent disks are present while the virtual machine is running and are discarded when the virtual machine is powered off or reset 314 VMware Inc RC DRAFT Table B 1 Extension vmem Virtual Machine Files Continued File Name lt vm_name gt vmem Files That Make Up a Virtual Machine Description The virtual memory paging file backs up the guest main memory on the host file system The virtual machine uses the physical memory on the host The paging file is present while a virtual machine is running and is deleted when a virtual machine is powered off normally lt vm_name gt Snapshot lt gt vmem The snapshot memory file stores the state of the virtual machine s memory for a snapshot taken when a virtual machine is powered on vmsd lt vm_name gt vmsd Stores metadata and information about snapshots vmsn lt vm_name gt Snapshot lt gt vmsn Stores the state of a virtual machine at the time you take the snapshot VMSS lt vm_name gt vmss Stores the state of a suspended virtual machine vmx lt vm_name gt vmx The primary virtual machine configuration file stores settings chosen in the New Virtual Machine wizard and the Configure VM dialog box Do
308. rading the guest operating system version select the type of operating system and then select the operating system version from the drop down menu When you change the operating system version here the setting for the guest operating system is changed in the virtual machine s configuration file The guest operating system itself is not changed For information about updating the guest operating system see Updating the Guest Operating System on page 68 Click OK to save your changes and return to the Summary tab The General tab also displays the location of the virtual machine working directory and the virtual machine configuration file Do not edit the virtual machine configuration file directly Instead use the Advanced tab of the Configure VM dialog box See Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings on page 121 Changing Virtual Machine Power Settings 118 Power control options allow you to define actions that occur when you change the power state of a virtual machine To change power state options 1 In the Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab click Configure VM Click the Power tab Optional Select the default power off option for the virtual machine Settings for powering off virtual machines include Power Off and Shut Down Guest When VMware Tools is not installed the default action is to power off the virtual machine without shutting down the guest When VMware Tools is installed
309. re Server vmware s machine id W2K VM 148 30 16 24 C Virtual Machines win2000 win2000 vmx 2 Do one of the following to retrieve the string in the virtual machine m Ina Windows guest enter the following command to retrieve the string VMwareService cmd machine id get m Ina Linux guest in the operating system s startup script add the following command before the network startup section For example usr sbin vmware guestd cmd machine id get The location of vmware guestd depends on the directory you specify at the time of installation 3 Further customize this startup script so that it uses the string the service retrieved during startup to set the virtual machine s network name to W2K VM and its IP address to 148 30 16 24 4 Place this string in the script before the command to start the network services If you are using a Windows 2000 guest operating system for example you can call the NetShell utility netsh and pass it the contents of the string which uses the string accordingly That is it can set a new IP address for the virtual machine if that is what was passed in the string originally Passing Information Between the Guest and Another Program The VMware Tools service allows you to use VMware programmatic interfaces to manage virtual machines from your own independent programs and from existing frameworks developed by partners and third parties For more information about the VMware Infrastructure
310. re a physical drive or ISO image file on the host system If you want to use a CD DVD drive on a client system select Client Media Using VI Web Access you can only change the device node for client devices as described in Step 6 Use VMware Remote Console to select and connect or disconnect the client device See Connecting and Disconnecting Client Devices on page 125 Optional In the Device Status section select Connect at power on to have the drive connect to the virtual machine when you power on In the Connection section select Physical Drive or ISO Image m Ifyou select Physical Drive select the drive to use and select one of the following m ATAPI Emulation Select if the guest operating system does not work correctly when communicating directly with the CD DVD drive For more information see Using ATAPI Emulation for CD DVD Drives on page 144 m Access the drive directly Select to have the guest operating system communicate directly with the CD DVD drive For more information see Accessing the CD DVD Drive Directly on page 144 m Ifyou select ISO Image click Browse to navigate to a file with the iso extension in an existing datastore To enter the ISO path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_filename iso Optional In the Virtual Device Node section select an adapter and device node from the drop down menus RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machin
311. re you can use it you need to partition and format the virtual disk and install an operating system The operating system s installation program might handle the partitioning and formatting steps for you NOTE If you plan to use a PXE server to install the guest operating system over a network connection you do not need the operating system installation media When you power on the virtual machine the virtual machine detects the PXE server Installing a guest operating system inside your virtual machine is essentially the same as installing it on a physical computer In some host configurations the virtual machine cannot boot from the installation CD You can work around that problem by creating an ISO image from the installation CD and installing from the ISO image This section describes both installation procedures For information about your specific guest operating system see the VMware Guest Operating System Installation Guide available from the VMware Web site NOTE VMware Server supports 64 bit guest operating systems only on host machines with supported processors To install a guest operating system from an installation CD 1 Login to VI Web Access 2 Select the virtual machine into which you are installing the guest operating system from the Inventory panel 3 Insert the installation CD for your guest operating system 4 Inthe Hardware section of the Summary tab click the CD DVD drive s icon and select Edi
312. reate Allows an extension to create a VC only Root folder Root folder user defined task Update Allows an extension to updates a VC only Root folder Root folder user defined task Virtual Machine Configuration Table A 18 Virtual Machine Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Add Existing Adds a virtual disk that refers to an HCand VC Virtual Virtual Disk existing virtual disk machines machines User interface element Virtual Machine Properties dialog box Add New Disk Adds a virtual disk that creates a new HCand VC Virtual Virtual virtual disk machines machines User interface element Virtual Machine Properties dialog box Add or Adds or removes any non disk device HCand VC Virtual Virtual Remove User interface element Virtual machines machines Device Machine Properties dialog box 304 VMware Inc RC DRAFT Table A 18 Virtual Machine Privileges Continued Defined Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Advanced Changes values in extraConfig HCand VC Virtual Virtual User interface element Virtual machines machines Machine Properties dialog box gt Options tab gt Advanced General option gt Configuration Parameters button Change CPU Changes the number of virtual CPUs HCand VC Virtual Virtual Count User interface element Virtual machines machines Machine Properties dialog box Change Changes resour
313. reate a new virtual disk the wizard displays the Properties page from which you can accept or change the default values for disk capacity datastore location file allocation options disk mode virtual device node and caching policy settings A new virtual disk is created and used for the virtual machine based on these settings described later in this section If you want to reuse or share an existing virtual disk click Use an Existing Virtual Disk The wizard displays the Properties page from which you can browse to a virtual disk vmdk file you created previously After you select the existing disk file using the datastore browser its current properties are displayed You can modify the disk mode virtual device node and caching policy settings If you do not need to create a virtual disk for example if you plan to use a bootable CD or PXE image file select Don t Add a Hard Disk Hard Disk Capacity Setting New Disk Only When creating a new virtual disk specify a maximum disk size in MB or GB Set the maximum size to a value between 1MB and 950GB Hard Disk File Options Settings New Disk Only When creating a new virtual disk you can specify whether space for the disk files is allocated as needed called a growable disk or allocated all at once when the disk is created called a preallocated disk By default a growable disk is created The disk files use less disk space initially and grow to their maximum size only as
314. rform a silent installation on many computers see Installing VMware Server Silently on page 39 To install VMware Server on a Windows host 1 Login as the Administrator user or as a user who is a member of the Windows Administrators group Log in as a local administrator that is do not log in to the domain unless your domain account is also a local administrator Although an administrator must install VMware Server a user without administrative privileges can use VMware Server 2 From the Start menu select Run and specify the path to the installer file m If you are installing from a CD enter D setup exe where D is CD DVD drive m Ifyou are installing from a downloaded file browse to the directory where you saved the file and run the installer The filename is similar to VMware server lt xxxx XXXX gt exe where lt XXXX XXXX gt is a series of numbers representing the version and build numbers VMware Inc RC D RAFT 37 VMware Server User s Guide 38 NOTE If you have an earlier version of VMware Server installed on your system the installer removes that version before installing the new version After the uninstallation is complete you might be prompted to restart your computer before the installer can install the new version When the wizard finishes computing space requirements click Next to close the Welcome page On the License Agreement page read and accept the license agreement to c
315. rial port in a virtual machine to use a physical serial port on the host system A virtual serial port enables you to use an external modem or a hand held device in your virtual machine You can also configure a virtual serial port to send its output to a file on the host system The output file enables you to capture the data from an application running in the virtual machine or to quickly transfer a file from the guest system to the host system Adding a Serial Port to a Virtual Machine This section describes how to configure a virtual serial port in a virtual machine to use any of the following m A physical serial port on the host system m An output file on the host system m Anamed pipe VMware Inc RC DRAFT 159 VMware Server User s Guide 160 To add a physical serial port to the virtual machine 1 7 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Serial Port For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 Click Use Physical Serial Port to connect to a physical port on the host machine On the Properties page select a physical port from the drop down menu Optional To connect to the host s serial port when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on the default Optional on Windows hosts only Expand I O Mode to select Yield CPU on poll which is deselected by default The kernel in the target virtual machine
316. rives 144 adding floppy drives 147 adding hard disks 138 adding parallel ports 170 adding serial ports 159 adding sound adapters 158 adding to inventory 102 adding USB controllers 152 and SMP 270 changing guest operating system 117 changing power settings 103 118 changing snapshot settings 119 changing the name of 117 choosing datastore location 57 configuration file 315 configuration file location 118 313 configuration file parameters 122 configuration privileges 304 configuring memory 269 configuring processor count 270 configuring SCSI controllers 152 configuring sound 158 configuring sound adapters 157 console to interact with guest 51 53 constituent files 313 creating 57 creating virtual disks 60 creating VMware Remote Console shortcuts 128 creating Web shortcuts 127 default location 57 deleting 102 123 deleting floppy drives 150 editing CD DVD drives 146 editing floppy drives 149 editing hard disks 139 editing parallel ports 171 RC DRAFT Index editing serial ports 162 editing sound adapters 158 entering BIOS setup at boot 119 events 56 generating VMware Remote Con sole shortcuts 128 generating Web shortcuts 127 hardware specifications 28 hardware version 59 69 host wide settings 109 IDE drives in 29 importing 102 installing software in 131 interaction privileges 307 inventory of 101 inventory privileges 309 location 57 log files 313 managing inventory 101 memory settings 59
317. rk Mapping tab to specify the network adapter used for VMnet0 and for any other virtual networks you want to use for bridged networking Controls on this panel also allow you to specify the subnet to be used by any virtual network For more information see Host Virtual Network Mapping Tab Click the Host Virtual Adapters tab to specify which virtual networks have host virtual adapters virtual network adapters that allow the host computer to connect to the network For more information see Host Virtual Adapters Tab Click the DHCP tab to specify which virtual networks use the virtual DHCP server or to configure DHCP settings for any of those networks For more information see DHCP Tab Click the NAT tab to configure settings for the virtual network address translation NAT device For more information see NAT Tab Automatic Bridging Tab By default VMware Server automatically bridges VMnet0 to the first available physical network adapter on the host To disable automatic bridging clear the check box called Automatically choose an available physical network adapter to bridge to VMnet0 After you deselect this option you can see which physical adapter is bridged to VMnet0 on the Summary tab and on the Host Virtual Network Mapping tab To prevent a specific adapter from automatically bridging to VMnet0 leave the check box selected and in the Excluded adapters section click Add to specify which physical netwo
318. rk adapter you want to prevent from being bridged to VMnet0 See also Host Virtual Network Mapping Tab Host Virtual Network Mapping Tab From this tab you can m Add new virtual network adapters switches m Designate physical network adapters to be used for bridged networking m Remove an adapter VMware Inc RC DRAFT 259 VMware Server User s Guide 260 m Change subnet and netmask settings for a virtual adapter see Changing Subnet and Netmask Settings m Change DHCP settings see Changing DHCP Settings Be careful when you change the bridged adapter mappings If you reassign a physical network adapter to a different virtual network any virtual machine that used the original network is no longer bridged to the external network via that virtual network You must then change the setting for each affected virtual machine s network adapter individually This can be especially troublesome if your host has only one physical network adapter and you reassign it to a VMnet other than VMnet0 Even though the VMnet still appears to bridge to an automatically chosen adapter the only adapter it can use has been assigned to a different VMnet Changing Subnet and Netmask Settings To view or change the subnet settings for a virtual network click the gt button for that virtual network A context menu appears from which you can select Subnet Make any changes you wish and click OK Changing DHCP Settings To
319. rnet Explorer requirements for VI Web Access 27 requirements for VMware Remote Console 27 using VMware Remote Console 51 inventory access to objects 193 inventory panel VI Web Access 48 lomega zip drives and parallel ports 176 IP address assigning 223 IP forwarding 224 225 ISO images connecting and disconnecting 125 330 RC DRAFT VMware Inc VMware Inc K kernel upgrades and VMware Server 43 key code mappings 178 keyboards mapping on a Linux host 176 keysym defined 177 mapping 179 L leaking IP packets in host only network 224 IP packets in virtual machine 225 licensing serial number and 39 Linux guests performance 271 VMware Tools for 78 79 Linux hosts installing VMware Server 41 performance 266 supported operating systems 26 uninstalling VMware Server on 44 location virtual machine configuration file 118 313 working directory 118 313 ck file 315 locking snapshots 120 log file 313 log files authorization service 16 host agent 16 VI Web Access 17 virtual machine 16 VMware Authorization Service 16 VMware host agent 16 VMware Remote Console 17 logging Index enabling and disabling 121 logging in access permissions 193 to VI Web Access 47 logging out VI Web Access 56 LSI Logic SCSI devices 29 LSI Logic SCSI driver 61 152 M MAC addresses 225 226 managing datastores 103 groups 195 users 194 mappings key code 178 keyboard 176 keysym 179 memory amount required on host
320. rtual adapter on a Windows host 1 1 2 3 4 From the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks Click Host Virtual Adapters Select the disabled adapter you want to enable Click Enable adapter Click OK To add a host virtual adapter on a Windows host 1 1 2 3 4 5 From the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks Click Host Virtual Adapters Click Add new adapter Select the virtual network on which you want to use the adapter and click OK Click Apply Click OK to close the virtual network editor To remove a host virtual adapter on a Windows host 1 From the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks Click Host Virtual Adapters Select the adapter you want to remove then click Remove adapter Click OK RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Removing a Host Virtual Adapter from a Linux Host Follow these steps to remove a host virtual adapter from a Linux host 1 Become root and run the VMware Server configuration program su vmware config pl V CAUTION To configure VMware Server correctly the vmware config pl configuration program requires all virtual machines to be shut down The program shuts down any running virtual machines automatically VMware Inc If you still want to use any networking in your virtual machines respond
321. rtual machine configuration file A file containing a virtual machine configuration This vmx file is created when you create the virtual machine It is used to identify and run a specific virtual machine virtual machine user A role in which the user is allowed to perform power operations on virtual machines virtual network A network connecting virtual machines that does not depend on physical hardware connections For example you can create a virtual network between a virtual machine and a host that has no external network connections virtual network editor An editor that runs on the host and is used to view and modify the networking settings for the virtual networks created by VMware Server Virtual SMP The technology that enables a virtual machine to do symmetric multiprocessing Virtual SMP enables you to assign two virtual processors to a virtual machine on any host machine that has at least two logical processors VI Web Access VMware Infrastructure Web Access A user interface that runs in a Web browser and provides a simple and flexible tool to perform all VMware Server management tasks VI Web Access and VMware Remote Console replace the VMware Management Interface and VMware Server Console See also VMware Remote Console VMware authorization service The service that VMware Server employs to authenticate users The process is called vmware authd on Linux hosts VMware Player Free software that enables PC users to easily
322. rtual machine s hardware and perform other virtual machine management tasks See Chapter 7 Running Virtual Machines on page 115 Tasks Displays tasks that users perform in the virtual machine See Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Tasks on page 55 Events Displays events that occurred in the virtual machine See Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Events on page 56 Console Allows you to interact directly with the guest operating system See Installing the VMware Remote Console Add On on page 51 and Starting VMware Remote Console from the Console Tab on page 53 Permissions Displays and allows you to configure permissions for the virtual machine See Chapter 10 Managing Roles and Permissions on page 193 Viewing Virtual Machine Summary Information When you click the Summary tab for a virtual machine VI Web Access displays a summary of the configuration information about that virtual machine in the workspace The Summary tab includes the following sections The Performance section displays the virtual machine processor and memory capacity and current utilization The Notes section displays and allows you to edit text to describe the virtual machine The Hardware section enables you to view edit or remove the virtual machine s hardware To change most settings you must power off the virtual machine See Editing the Hardware Configuration of a Virtual Machine
323. rtual processors are not supported in VMware Server However you can power on and run multiple dual processor virtual machines concurrently NOTE Performance might degrade significantly in an overcommitted Virtual SMP environment if the total number of virtual CPUs in all running virtual machines exceeds the number of physical CPUs or additional applications on the host are competing with VMware Server for CPU resources For information about how to set the number of processors for the virtual machine see Editing Virtual Processors on page 270 The virtual machine Summary tab also displays the number of virtual processors currently configured for the virtual machine If the host is a uniprocessor machine and is not hyperthreaded assigning two processors is neither supported nor recommended A warning message appears when you create the virtual machine You can disregard the warning and assign two processors to the virtual machine but after you finish creating the virtual machine you will not be able to power it on unless you move it to a host machine with at least two logical processors Editing Virtual Processors 270 You can change the number of virtual processors used in a virtual machine Configuring the virtual machine to have two processors is supported only for host machines with at least two logical processors For information about VMware Server support for virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing Virtual SMP see Us
324. run on multiple host systems Avoiding MAC Address Changes To avoid changes in the MAC address automatically assigned to a virtual machine do not move the virtual machine s configuration file Moving it to a different host computer or even moving it to a different location on the same host computer changes the MAC address Also do not change certain settings in the virtual machine s configuration file If you never edit the configuration file by hand and do not remove the virtual network adapter these settings remain untouched If you do edit the configuration file by hand do not remove or change the following options ethernet n generatedAddress ethernet n addressType ethernet n generatedAddressOffset uuid location uuid bios ethernet n present In these options ethernet n is the number of the virtual network adapter for example ethernet NOTE To preserve a virtual network adapter s MAC address you also must be careful not to remove the adapter If you remove the adapter but later re create it the adapter might receive a different MAC address Assigning a Specific MAC Address Manually Assign a specific MAC address using the procedure described in Editing a Network Adapter on page 216 This guarantees the following m The same MAC address is assigned to a given virtual machine every time you power it on even if the virtual machine is moved m A unique MAC address for each virtual machine within
325. rwise it takes a long time before the windows network is browsable preferred master yes Do not try to resolve SMB names using DNS dns proxy no Shared resources 3 Home directories homes comment Home directories browseable no writable yes Printers printers comment All printers path var lpd browseable no guest ok no writable no printable yes Slash comment Whole filesystem path public no writeable yes printable no Using the Virtual Network Editor Using the Virtual Network Editor you can view and change many key settings for networking in your virtual machines and create custom virtual networking configurations These changes affect all virtual machines on the host computer Although any user can view network settings only Administrator users can change them Summary Tab The Summary tab displays a list of the virtual networks currently active on the host 258 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network By default the VMnet0 virtual network is set up in bridged mode and bridges to an active network adapter on the host computer If there are multiple active network adapters on the host the choice of which adapter it uses is arbitrary To restrict the range of choices click the Automatic Bridging tab and specify any adapters you want to exclude For more information see Automatic Bridging Tab Click the Host Virtual Netwo
326. ry You can also delete a virtual machine or remove it from the inventory from the Virtual Machine menu See Deleting a Virtual Machine on page 123 Performing Power Operations on Virtual Machines You can perform power operations on any virtual machines in your inventory from the Virtual Machines tab of the host workspace This is more efficient than performing power operations on each virtual machine from its own workspace To change the power state of a virtual machine from the host workspace 1 2 3 4 Select the host in the Inventory panel Click the Virtual Machines tab In the list of virtual machines select the virtual machine for which you want to change the power state Click the appropriate power button in the toolbar You can also change the power state of a virtual machine from its own workspace For a detailed description of how power operations affect virtual machines see Changing the Power State of a Virtual Machine on page 116 Managing Datastores This section describes how to add rename and remove datastores VMware Inc RC DRAFT 193 VMware Server User s Guide 104 Adding Datastores A datastore is a storage location for VMware Server virtual machine files The storage location can be the local file system a CIFS store Windows only or an NFS mounted file system Linux only Prerequisites for Samba CIFS Datastores Samba CIFS stores require additional configuration You mus
327. s file system The user names and passwords in the Samba password file must be the same as those used for logging on to the guest operating system You can add user names and passwords to the VMware Server Samba password file at any time from a terminal window on your Linux host computer To add user names and passwords to the VMware Server Samba password file 1 Log on to the root account su 2 Run the VMware Server Samba password command vmware smbpasswd vmnet1 a lt username gt lt username gt is the user name you want to add Follow the onscreen instructions NOTE vmware smbpasswd is based on the standard Samba password program If you are familiar with the options used in smbpasswd you can use any of them in vmware smbpasswd RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network 3 Log out of the root account exit You might receive an error message that says Unknown virtual interface vmnet1 This indicates your machine is not using the VMware Server Samba server If your installation of VMware Server does not include the VMware Server Samba server and you want to set it up log on to the root account on your host computer su then run vmware config pl from a terminal on the host The configuration program asks Do you want this script to automatically configure your system to allow your virtual machines to access the host file system Answer yes V CAUTION To configure VMware Server correctly the
328. s in persistent and nonpersistent modes See also nonpersistent mode persistent mode snapshot inventory A hierarchical structure used by VMware Server to organize managed entities This hierarchy is presented as a list that provides a view of all the monitored objects managed entity A managed object that is present in the inventory See also inventory MKS mouse keyboard screen A set of basic input output services for user interaction with a virtual machine MSCS Microsoft Cluster Service Software that distributes data among the nodes of the cluster If one node fails other nodes provide failover support for applications such as databases file servers and mail servers NAT network address translation In hosted networking a type of network connection that enables you to connect your virtual machines to an external network when you have only one IP network address and that address is used by the host computer If you use NAT your virtual machine does not have its own IP address on the external network Instead a separate private network is set up on the host computer Your virtual machine gets an address on that network from the VMware virtual DHCP server The VMware NAT device passes network data between one or more virtual machines and the external network It identifies incoming data packets intended for each virtual machine and sends them to the correct destination See also bridged networking custom networking host only
329. s installed 6 InanXterminal as root su run the following file to configure VMware Tools vmware config tools pl Respond to the questions the command line wizard displays on the screen Press Enter to accept the default value 7 Exit from the root account exit 8 InanXterminal to start the VMware User process enter the following command vmware user 9 Optional To start the VMware Tools control panel enter the following command vmware toolbox amp To change the default VMware Tools configuration options see Using the VMware Tools Control Panel on page 88 You can run VMware Tools as root or as a normal user To shrink virtual disks or to change any VMware Tools scripts you must run VMware Tools as root Installing VMware Tools from the Command Line with the Tar or RPM Installer You can install VMware Tools from the command line in a Linux guest For information about how to install VMware Tool from a graphical user interface see Installing VMware Tools in a Linux Guest Within X Using the RPM Installer on page 78 Before you begin make sure that the virtual machine is powered on and the guest operating system is running To install VMware Tools from the command line with the tar or RPM installer 1 In VI Web Access click Install VMware Tools in the Status section of the virtual machine Summary tab If an earlier version of VMware Tools is installed click Upgrade VMware Tools 2 Click the Console tab
330. s power controls to use the guest or soft power options one or more default scripts run in the guest whenever you change the power state of the virtual machine You change the power state by using menu commands or by clicking the Suspend Resume Power On and Power Off buttons What the default scripts do depends in part on the guest operating system m On most Microsoft Windows guests but not windows NT and Windows Me the default script executed when you suspend a virtual machine releases the IP address of the virtual machine The default script executed when you resume a virtual machine renews the IP address of the virtual machine this affects only virtual machines configured to use DHCP Scripts cannot be run on Windows 95 guests In Windows guests the default scripts are located in the Program Files VMware VMware Tools folder VMware Inc RC D RAFT 93 VMware Server User s Guide 94 m On most UNIX guests the default script executed when you suspend a virtual machine stops networking for the virtual machine The default script executed when you resume a virtual machine starts networking for the virtual machine Scripts cannot be run on NetWare and FreeBSD guests On UNIX the default scripts are located in the etc vmware tools directory You can create your own scripts and use them instead of the default scripts shown in Table 5 3 Table 5 3 Default VMware Tools Scripts Script Name poweroff vm default Descr
331. s section describes how to add edit and remove CD DVD drives on the host and how to configure drive settings VMware Inc RC DRAFT 143 VMware Server User s Guide CD DVD Drive Type and Properties This section describes the settings you can specify for a virtual CD DVD drive You can configure the device adapter type and node For a physical drive you can choose to use ATAPI emulation mode or access the drive directly CD DVD drives can be used to read data DVD ROM discs DVD video is not supported Choosing a Device Type for the CD DVD Drive Like a virtual disk a virtual CD DVD drive is associated with a specific SCSI or IDE device node The type of device does not have to match the type of device on the host An IDE CD DVD drive on the host can be configured as a SCSI virtual CD DVD drive and a SCSI CD DVD drive on the host can be configured as an IDE virtual CD DVD drive However if you want to do more than read data from the drive such as burn discs match the bus types so they are both IDE or both SCSI You can configure up to four bootable virtual CD ROMs Using ATAPI Emulation for CD DVD Drives In some cases the CD DVD drive might not work correctly when the guest operating system is communicating directly with the drive If you encounter problems using your CD DVD drive try editing the CD DVD drive and selecting ATAPI emulation to work around these problems In emulation mode you can only read from data discs If
332. scing provides notification of the reception of a group of network frames to the operating system kernel through hardware interrupts Increasing interrupt coalescing on host NICs can improve performance for workloads involving heavy network traffic to the guest system RC DRAFT VMware Inc Performance Tuning for VMware Server Calculating Memory Requirements to Allow for Virtual Machine Overhead Virtual machines require relatively large amounts of memory to perform well Each virtual machine can use memory up to its allocation limit plus some overhead The amount of overhead needed depends on the size of the virtual disks the amount of memory allocated to the virtual machine and guest system behavior Table 12 1 lists the additional amount of memory needed for overhead based on the amount of memory allocated to the virtual machine Table 12 1 Virtual Machine Allocated Memory and Additional Memory Overhead Virtual Machine Memory Allocated Additional Memory Overhead Needed Up to 512MB Up to 54MB Up to 1000MB Up to 62MB Up to 2000MB Up to 79MB Up to 3600MB Up to 105MB Do not allow total memory allocated for all running virtual machines plus the overhead for VMware Server processes to exceed the amount of physical memory on the host Also keep some memory available for other applications on the host Configuring Host Wide Virtual Machine Memory Usage In addition to configuring the memory capacity for each virtual mac
333. sed on the addresses of the host only adapters on the host computer In the first virtual machine s networking configuration the default router address should be the IP address for the host only adapter connected to VMnet1 In the second virtual machine s networking configuration the default router address should be the IP address for the host only adapter connected to VMnet2 If you are running the router software on the third virtual machine set the default router addresses in the first two virtual machines based on those used by the third virtual machine In the first virtual machine s networking configuration the default router address should be the IP address for the third virtual machine s network adapter connected to VMnet1 In the second virtual machine s networking configuration the default router address should be the IP address for the third virtual machine s network adapter connected to VMnet2 At this point you should be able to ping the router machine from virtual machines one and two And if the router software is set up correctly you should be able to communicate between the first and second virtual machines 238 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Using Virtual Network Adapters in Promiscuous Mode on a Linux Host VMware Server does not allow the virtual network adapter to go into promiscuous mode unless the user running VMware Server has permission to make that setting This follows the standard
334. select the appropriate script event 2 Do one of the following m To disable the script clear the Use Script check box and click OK Default scripts for suspending and resuming work together If you disable the script of one of these actions disable the script for the other action as well m Torun a script immediately click Run Now You can successfully run a script by clicking the Run Now button in the VMware Tools control panel but this same script can fail when run as part of a VMware Server power operation This is because scripts run by clicking Run Now are run as the logged in user and have a different working directory than when scripts are run by the VMware Tools daemon during a power operation Executing Commands After You Power Off or Reset a Virtual Machine Ina Linux Solaris or FreeBSD guest you can use the VMware Tools service to execute specific commands when you shut down or restart the guest operating system This is in addition to any script that you specified to run when you shut down the guest operating system 1 Use a text editor to open the following file etc vmware tools tools conf 2 Add one or both of the following commands to the file m halt command lt command gt lt command gt is the command to execute when you shut down the guest operating system RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools m reboot command lt command gt lt command gt is the command to execute whe
335. sions there are different types of elements in the hierarchy They are m Managed entity These can have permissions defined on them m Virtual machines m Hosts m Global entity These always get their permissions from the root node Examples include RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing Roles and Permissions m Roles Multiple Permission Settings Objects might have multiple permissions but at most one for each user or group If you apply permissions they override each other down the hierarchy If permissions are defined on the same entity a couple of situations are possible m Ifa useris a member of multiple groups with different permissions For each object the group has permissions on the same permissions apply as if granted to the user directly m If multiple group permissions are defined on the same object and the user belongs to two or more of those groups m If there is no permission defined explicitly for the user on that object the user is assigned the union of privileges assigned to the groups for that object m If there is a permission defined explicitly for the user on that object that permission takes precedence over all group permissions Example 1 Expanding a user s permissions Role 1 can power on virtual machines Role 2 can take snapshots of virtual machines Group A is granted Role 1 on virtual machine VM Group B is granted Role 2 on virtual machine VM User 1 belongs to groups A and B
336. sive hands on labs case study examples and course materials designed to be used as on the job reference tools Courses are available onsite in the classroom and live online For onsite pilot programs and implementation best practices VMware Consulting Services helps you assess plan build and manage your virtual environment To access information about education classes certification programs and consulting services go to http www vmware com services 14 RC DRAFT VMware Inc About This Book Reporting Problems If you have problems while running VMware Server report them to the VMware support team You must first register your serial number Then you can report your problems by submitting a support request to http www vmware com requestsupport Log files are needed to diagnose and report problems The required log files depend on the problem you encounter You can simplify the process of collecting the information by running the support script to collect the log files and system information Follow the procedure that applies to your host computer NOTE The support script runs only on the VMware Server host If you encounter problems on a remote client you must collect the log files manually To run the support script on a Linux host 1 Open a terminal window 2 Run the support script as the root user vm support If you do not run the script as root the script displays messages indicating that it cannot col
337. sole gt Disconnect and Exit on Windows or VMware Remote Console gt Disconnect and Quit on Linux m Click the X in the upper right corner of the toolbar When you quit VMware Remote Console using either of these methods the virtual machine is not powered off or suspended Quitting VMware Remote Console disconnects any connected client devices If you have active client device connections you are prompted to confirm that you want to quit RC DRAFT VMware Inc Running Virtual Machines VMware Remote Console closes automatically when the virtual machine is suspended or powered off Generating and Sharing Virtual Machine Shortcuts You can generate a shortcut to enable virtual machine users to interact directly with the guest operating system from a Web browser or VMware Remote Console Generating a Web Shortcut Administrators can generate a Web shortcut to customize the VI Web Access user interface for users You can generate a Web shortcut that displays only the Console tab enables or disables access to the workspace or enables or disables access to the virtual machine inventory The Web shortcut is like any Web browser URL so you can do any of the following m Add it to a list of Web pages m Share it with one or more users in an email message NOTE To test a Web shortcut use a different browser or computer If you use your active VI Web Access browser session to test the Web shortcut all instances of that browse
338. specify any existing datastore To add a new datastore see Adding Datastores on page 104 The following examples show the default location for virtual machine files in the standard datastore m Windows hosts The default location of a virtual machine called My Windows XP Professional is lt installdrive gt Wirtual Machines My Windows XP Professional m Linux hosts The default location of a virtual machine called My Windows XP Professional is var lib vmware Virtual Machines My Windows XP Professional Virtual machine performance might be slower if your datastore is on a network drive For best performance use a datastore on a local drive However if other users need to access the virtual machine consider placing the virtual machine files in a location that is accessible to them Guest Operating System The wizard prompts you to specify which type of operating system you want to install in the virtual machine Examples include Windows 2000 Professional Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 32 bit and Ubuntu Linux 64 bit VMware Server uses this information to Select appropriate default values such as the amount of memory needed Name files associated with the virtual machine Adjust settings for optimal performance Work around special behaviors and known issues within a guest operating system Do not install a 64 bit operating system if you select a 32 bit guest operating system type here If the operating system you want t
339. ss the DHCP server on the NAT network also sends out additional configuration information that enables the virtual machine to operate automatically This information includes the default gateway and the DNS server n the DHCP response the NAT device instructs the virtual machine to use the IP address lt net gt 2 as the default gateway and DNS server This causes all IP packets destined for the external network and DNS requests to be forwarded to the NAT device DNS on the NAT Network The NAT device acts as a DNS server for the virtual machines on the NAT network Actually the NAT device is a DNS proxy and merely forwards DNS requests from the virtual machines to a DNS server that is known by the host Responses come back to the NAT device which then forwards them to the virtual machines If they get their configuration information from DHCP the virtual machines on the NAT network automatically use the NAT device as the DNS server However the virtual machines can be statically configured to use another DNS server The virtual machines in the private NAT network are not themselves accessible using DNS If you want the virtual machines running on the NAT network to access each other by DNS names you must set up a private DNS server connected to the NAT network External Access from the NAT Network In general any protocol using TCP or UDP can be used automatically by a virtual machine on the NAT network so long as the virtual machine
340. ss of a WINS Server Use this method to connect to a WINS server in the same workgroup or domain that is not already set up on the host To manually enter the IP address of a WINS server 1 In the virtual machine right click on My Network Places and select Properties 2 Inthe Network Connections window right click the virtual network adapter and select Properties 3 Inthe Properties dialog box select Internet Protocol TCP IP and click Properties 4 Inthe TCP IP Properties dialog box click Advanced 5 Click the WINS tab and click Add 6 Inthe TCP IP WINS Server dialog box enter the IP address for the WINS server in the WINS server field and click OK The IP address of the WINS server appears in the WINS addresses list on the WINS tab Repeat steps 5 and 6 for each WINS server to which you want to connect from this virtual machine 7 Click OK twice and click Close Now that the virtual machine has an IP address for a WINS server you use NetLogon in the virtual machine to log on to a domain and access shares in that domain For example if the WINS server covers a domain with a domain controller it is possible to access that domain controller from the virtual machine and add the virtual machine to the domain You need to know the user ID and password of the Administrator on the domain controller NOTE Your access is limited to shares of virtual machines that are on the same NAT network or are bridged on the same domain
341. st Only Network Continued Range Address use Example lt net gt 128 lt net gt 253 DHCP assigned 192 168 0 128 192 168 0 253 lt net gt 254 DHCP server 192 168 0 254 lt net gt 255 Broadcasting 192 168 0 255 Table 11 2 Address Use on a NAT Network Range Address use Example lt net gt 1 Host machine 192 168 0 1 lt net gt 2 NAT device 192 168 0 2 lt net gt 3 lt net gt 127 Static addresses 192 168 0 3 192 168 0 127 lt net gt 128 lt net gt 253 DHCP assigned 192 168 0 128 192 168 0 253 lt net gt 254 DHCP server 192 168 0 254 lt net gt 255 Broadcasting 192 168 0 255 Avoiding IP Packet Leakage in a Host Only Network By design each host only network should be confined to the host machine on which it is set up That is no packets sent by virtual machines on this network should leak out to a physical network attached to the host Packet leakage can occur only if a machine actively forwards packets It is possible for the host machine or any virtual machine running on the host only network to be configured in a way that permits packet leakage Windows Hosts Systems using server versions of Windows 2000 are capable of forwarding IP packets that are not addressed to them By default however these systems come with IP packet forwarding disabled If you find packets leaking out of a host only network on a Windows 2000 host computer check to see whether forwarding has been e
342. st operating systems 22 RC D RAFT VMware Inc Introduction and System Requirements Updated VIX API The VMware VIX API formerly known as the Programming API allows you to write scripts and programs to automate virtual machine operations The VIX API is high level easy to use and practical for both script writers and application programmers This release of the VIX API is available in the C language API functions allow you to register power on or off virtual machines and run programs in the guest operating systems Additional language bindings for Perl COM and shell scripts vmrun are available See the VMware VIX API 1 5 Release Notes VMCI Sockets Interface Developers who want to write client server applications for virtual machines can now use this sockets interface for the Virtual Machine Communication Interface VMCI provides a faster means of communication among applications running on the host and in virtual machines See the VMCI Sockets Programming Guide About the Host and Guest Computers The terms host and guest describe your physical and virtual machines m The physical computer on which you install the VMware Server software is called the host computer and its operating system is called the host operating system m The operating system running inside a virtual machine is called a guest operating system Host System Requirements You can install the VMware Server software on a Windows or Linux server You
343. stem Roles Role Description of User Capabilities No Access User Cannot view or change the associated object Tabs associated with the object display without content This is the default role for all users except those users in the Administrators group Read Only User View the state and details about the object View all the tabs except the console tab Cannot perform any actions through the menus and toolbars Administrator All privileges for all objects Add remove and set access rights and privileges for all objects in the VMware Server environment This is the default role for all members of the Administrators group All roles permit the user to schedule tasks by default Users can schedule only tasks they have permission to perform at the time the tasks are created You can modify roles to create privilege sets that match your user needs All changes take effect immediately Users do not need to log out and log in for changes to roles to take effect Creating Roles You can create user defined roles if you have situations that require a combination of access privileges other than those defined in the system roles You can also modify existing user defined roles to suit your needs See Editing and Renaming Roles on page 197 To create a role 1 From the VI Web Access menu bar select Administration gt Manage Roles 2 Enter a name for the role in the Name text box A description for the role is automatic
344. strib RC DRAFT ij VMware Server User s Guide 4 If you are installing from a CD instead of a downloaded file a Mount the CD and change to the Linux directory b Copy the tar archive to a temporary directory on your hard drive cp VMware server lt xxxx gt tar gz tmp In place of lt xxxx gt the filename contains numbers that correspond to the version and build 5 Change to the temporary directory where you copied or saved the installation file cd tmp 6 Unpack the archive tar zxpf VMware server lt xxxx gt tar gz 7 Change to the installation directory cd vmware server distrib 8 Run the installation script vmware install pl ke Respond to the prompts for the directory locations for binary files initialization scripts daemon files library files manual files and documentation files In most cases the default response is appropriate 10 Enter Yes when prompted to run vmware config pl 11 Respond to the prompts as described in Configuring VMware Server on Linux Hosts Using vmware config pl on page 43 To install on a Linux host using the RPM installation file 1 Log in with the user name you plan to use when running VMware Server 2 Ina terminal window use the command to become root for example su 3 If you are installing from the installation media instead of a downloaded file mount the installation media and change to the Linux directory 4 Run RPM specifying the installation file rpm
345. subnet and are assigned the same MAC address causing a conflict m You want to ensure that a virtual network adapter always has the same MAC address If you select Manual you can edit the value of the MAC address in the text box The value you enter must be between 00 50 56 00 00 00 and 00 50 56 3F FF FF RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network See Maintaining and Changing the MAC Address of a Virtual Machine on page 225 Click OK to save your changes Be sure the guest operating system is configured to use an appropriate IP address on the new network If the guest is using DHCP release and renew the lease If the IP address is set statically be sure the guest has an address on the correct virtual network Removing a Network Adapter If you no longer want to use a network adapter in a virtual machine you can remove it To remove an existing network adapter 1 2 3 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel On the Summary tab click the network adapter to remove and select Remove A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the adapter If you want to remove it click Yes The network adapter is deleted Configuring Bridged Networking Options on a Windows Host You can view and change the settings for bridged networking on your host These changes affect all virtual machines using bridged networking on the host You can decide which network adapters on your h
346. system startup scripts String in a Configuration File Place a string in the virtual machine s configuration vmx file by setting the string to the machine id parameter For example you can set this string machine id Hello World Following is an example of portions of two configuration files that point to the same virtual disk Each configuration file contains its own unique string set for the machine id parameter config_file_1 vmx contains ide0 0 present TRUE ide0 0 fileName my_common_virtual_hard_drive vmdk machine id the_string_for_my_first_vm VMware Inc RC D RAFT 97 VMware Server User s Guide 98 config_file_2 vmx contains ide0 0 present TRUE ide0 0 fileName my_common_virtual_hard_drive vmdk machine id the_string_for_my_second_vm To prevent a string from being passed from the host to the guest through the service set the following line in your virtual machine s configuration file isolation tools getMachineID disable TRUE String in a Startup Command Rather than setting the machine id parameter in the configuration file you can pass the string to the guest operating system from the command line when you power on the virtual machine Following is an example of such a startup command entered on one line C Program Files VMware VMware Server vmware s machine id Hello World C Virtual Machines win2000 win2000 vmx Use this method to deploy virtual machines on
347. t 5 The media source is selected at the top of the dialog box RC DRAFT VMware Inc 10 11 12 13 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines NOTE In this release only Host Media is supported Select Connect at power on Select Physical Drive Enter the location of the drive in the Physical Drive text box For example the server s CD DVD drive might be d Windows or dev cdrom Linux Select the SCSI or IDE device node in the Virtual Device Node section Click OK to save your changes Click Power On to power on your virtual machine Click the Console tab to complete the guest operating system installation using VMware Remote Console Follow the instructions provided by the operating system vendor NOTE You might need to change the boot order in the virtual machine BIOS so that the virtual machine attempts to boot from the CD DVD device before trying other boot devices To do so press F2 when prompted during virtual machine startup Install VMware Tools as described in Installing VMware Tools on page 73 To install a guest operating system from an ISO image 1 2 VMware Inc Log in to VI Web Access Select the virtual machine into which you are installing the guest operating system from the Inventory panel In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the CD DVD drive s icon and select Edit Select Connect at power on Select ISO Image Click Browse to navigate to a file
348. t On the Memory and Processors page you can adjust the memory settings or accept the recommended size In most cases it is best to keep the default memory setting If you plan to use the virtual machine to run many applications or applications that need large amounts of memory you might want to use a higher memory setting For more information see Amount of Memory on page 59 Also on the Memory and Processors page select the number of processors for the virtual machine For more information see Number of Processors on page 59 Click Next On the Hard Disk page to configure the virtual disk select one of the following m Create a New Virtual Disk Click to add a new blank hard disk to your virtual machine The wizard displays the Properties page for you to enter the disk capacity datastore file allocation options disk mode virtual device adapter type and node and caching policy settings Make any required changes to the default values on the Properties page and click Next For detailed information about settings you can configure on the Properties page see Hard Disk Type and Properties on page 60 m Use an Existing Virtual Disk Click if you want to reuse or share a virtual hard disk that has already been created The wizard displays the Properties page for you to enter the path or browse to the existing virtual disk vmdk file Select the virtual disk to view the capacity and file allocation op
349. t add the setting create mask 766 to the configuration smb conf file for each Samba CIFS store The user that connects to the Samba server must also have write privileges for the operating system and the Samba server Prerequisites for NFS Datastores Before you can add an NFS datastore you must mount the NFS volume on the host In some cases to protect NFS volumes from unauthorized access NFS administrators might export volumes with the root squash option turned on When root squash is on the NFS server treats access by root as access by any unprivileged users and might refuse the VMware Server host access to the NFS volume To make sure that you can create and manage datastores from your host the NFS administrator must turn off the root squash feature or add the VMware Server host s physical network adapter to the list of trusted hosts To add a datastore 1 Select the host in the Inventory panel 2 Inthe Commands section of the Summary tab click Add Datastore 3 Enter a name for the datastore in the Name text box 4 Enter the information for the local host system or remote directory m To add a local datastore i Select Local Datastore ii Enter the path in the Directory Path text box iii Click OK to add the datastore m To add a CIFS datastore Windows host only i Select CIFS ii Enter a valid server name or IP address iii Enter the location of the shared folder RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing VMware Server iv Enter
350. t click Computer and select Properties Click Advanced system settings gt Hardware gt Windows Update Driver Settings RC DRAFT VMware Inc VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools c Click Never check for drivers when I connect a new device and click OK d Click OK in the System Properties dialog box Open a command prompt and use the following command to install some or all of the VMware Tools components msiexec i D VMware Tools msi ADDLOCAL ALL REMOVE lt component gt an In this command you can optionally use REMOVE lt component gt if you do not want to install a particular component m Toolbox VMware Tools control panel and its utilities Excluding this feature prevents you from using VMware Tools in the guest operating system VMware does not recommend excluding this feature m Drivers Includes the SVGA mouse BusLogic and vmxnet drivers m SVGA VMware SVGA driver Excluding this feature limits the display capabilities of your virtual machine m Mouse VMware mouse driver Excluding this feature decreases mouse performance in your virtual machine m Buslogic VMware BusLogic driver If your virtual machine is configured to use the LSI Logic driver you might want to remove this feature m VMXNet VMware vmxnet networking driver m MemCtl VMware memory control driver Recommended if you plan to use this virtual machine with ESX Excluding this feature hinders the
351. t exceed the device s connection timeout value This causes the device to disconnect itself from the computer before the guest can synchronize with it If this occurs let the guest finish installing the PDA driver dismiss any connection error warnings and try synchronizing the PDA again The second attempt usually succeeds Replacing USB 2 0 Drivers on a Windows 2000 Host To use VMware Server on a Windows 2000 host that has USB 2 0 ports you must use the Microsoft USB 2 0 drivers for the USB controller in the host operating system If your host operating system is using a third party driver a driver supplied by your motherboard vendor for example you must replace it To check the provider of your driver 1 Open the Device Manager as follows a Right click My Computer and select Properties b Click the Hardware tab and click Device Manager 2 Expand the listing for Universal Serial Bus controllers 3 Right click the listing for the controller and select Properties 4 Click the Driver tab If the driver provider shown on that page is Microsoft you have the correct driver already VMware Inc RC DRAFT 155 VMware Server User s Guide If the driver provider is not Microsoft download the latest USB driver for your host operating system from the Microsoft Web site and follow the Microsoft instructions to install it Details are available in Microsoft knowledge base article 319973 Using USB with a Linux Host On Linux hosts
352. t is best to start with an existing table and make small changes V Scan Code Table Table 8 1 shows the v scan codes for the 104 key U S keyboard Table 8 1 V Scan Codes for the 104 Key U S Keyboard Symbol Shifted Symbol Location V Scan Code Esc 0x001 0x002 0x003 0x004 0x005 0x006 0x007 amp 0x008 n 0x009 0x00a Ox00b Ox00c 0x00d Ne oO N a OI H e gt N gt I 4 Backspace 0x00e Tab Ox00f 0x010 0x011 0x012 0x013 0x014 0x015 C lt ilz a z 0x016 0x017 O 0x018 P 0x019 180 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Table 8 1 V Scan Codes for the 104 Key U S Keyboard Continued Symbol Shifted Symbol Location V Scan Code Ox01la Ox01b Enter Ox01c Ctrl left 0x01d Ox01e 0x01f 0x020 0x021 0x022 0x023 0x024 0x025 CIAO Lam 0 ej gt 0x026 j 0x027 0x028 0x029 Shift left 0x02a 0x02b 0x02c 0x02d 0x02e 0x02f 0x030 0x031 z z s lt O x N 0x032 s lt 0x033 a 0x034 2 0x035 Shift right 0x036 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 181 VMware Server User s Guide 182 Table 8 1 V Scan Codes for the 104 Key U S Keyboard Continued
353. t operating system Virtual disks can be configured as IDE disks for any guest operating system They can be set up as SCSI disks for any guest operating system that has a driver for the LSI Logic parallel BusLogic parallel or LSI Logic SAS adapter The correct SCSI adapter is automatically chosen based on your guest operating system If you need to change the adapter type follow the procedure in Configuring SCSI Controllers on page 152 NOTE For Windows XP guest systems the LSI Logic adapter requires an add on driver from the LSI Logic Web site For Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 guest systems the BusLogic adapter requires an add on driver from the VMware Web site See the VMware Guest Operating System Installation Guide at http pubs vmware com guestnotes The files that make up an IDE virtual disk can be stored on either an IDE physical hard disk or a SCSI physical hard disk So can the files that make up a SCSI virtual disk They can also be stored on other types of fast access storage media An available device node is selected by default Disk Write Caching Policy Setting The following options determine when changes are written to disk m Optimize for safety Saves all changes to the virtual disk immediately Optimize for performance Acknowledges changes to the virtual disk immediately but saves them at a later time VMware Inc RC DRAFT 137 VMware Server User s Guide 138 Adding a Hard Dis
354. t to a new location In Windows guests the default scripts are located in the Program Files VMware VMware Tools folder On UNIX the default scripts are located in the etc vmware tools directory Modify the default script and save it with a different name or write a different script On Windows guests if you write a new script create the script as a batch file For UNIX create the script in any executable format such as shell or Perl scripts You can also use the Edit button on the Scripts tab of the VMware Tools control panel to edit a custom script You can also edit scripts manually using any text editor Associate each custom script with its particular power operation a On the Scripts tab of the VMware Tools control panel select the appropriate script event b Select the Use Script check box select Custom script and use the Browse button to point to the script you want to use c Click OK RC DRAFT da VMware Server User s Guide 96 When you reinstall VMware Tools after you update the VMware Server software any changes you made to the default scripts are overwritten Any custom scripts you created remain untouched but do not benefit from any underlying changes that enhance the default scripts Running or Disabling a Script If you are creating a custom script run the script before associating it with a power operation To run or disable a script 1 On the Scripts tab of the VMware Tools control panel
355. t users can see and the actions they can perform in VI Web Access See Chapter 10 Managing Roles and Permissions on page 193 Overview of VI Web Access 48 The VI Web Access page is divided into four main sections Inventory panel Appearing on the left this area displays the virtual machine inventory m Click the host to view summary information about VMware Server in the workspace m Click a virtual machine to view summary information about the virtual machine in the workspace Workspace Appearing on the right this is the main part of the window m When the host is selected in the Inventory panel the workspace includes the Summary Virtual Machines Tasks Events and Permissions tabs These tabs contain detailed information about the VMware Server host and allow you to configure host wide settings See Using the VMware Server Host Workspace on page 49 m When a virtual machine is selected in the Inventory panel the workspace includes the Summary Console Tasks Events and Permissions tabs These tabs contain detailed information about various aspects of the virtual machine and allow you to configure them See Using the Virtual Machine Workspace on page 50 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Learning VMware Server Basics Using VI Web Access Menu bar The menus above the Inventory panel provide access to common application and virtual machine operations including power operations and snapshot and
356. tate Table A 22 Virtual Machine State Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Take Snapshot Creates anew snapshot from the virtual HCand VC Virtual Virtual machine s current state machines machines User interface element virtual machine context menu toolbar button Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Snapshot gt Take Snapshot Remove Removes a snapshot from the snapshot HCand VC Virtual Virtual Snapshot history machines machines User interface element virtual machine context menu toolbar button Inventory menu Rename Renames this snapshot with either a HCand VC Virtual Virtual Snapshot new name or a new description or both machines machines No user VI Client interface elements are associated with this privilege Revert To Sets the VM to the state it was in at a HCandVC Virtual Virtual Snapshot given snapshot machines machines User interface element virtual machine context menu toolbar button Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Snapshot gt Revert to Snapshot Virtual Machines tab VMware Inc RC DRAFT 311 VMware Server User s Guide 312 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Files That Make Up a Virtual Machine Files This appendix contains reference information about virtual machine file management and is not required to use VMware Server Because virtual machine file management is performed automatically by VMware Server you might never need to know the nam
357. ted inventory object Click OK RC DRAFT iw VMware Server User s Guide The permission is modified Removing Permissions Removing a permission for a user or group does not remove the user or group from the list of those available It also does not remove the role from the list of available items It removes the user or group role pair from the selected inventory object To remove a permission role for a user or group 1 Click the hosts or virtual machine s Permissions tab 2 Inthe Permissions list select the permission you want to remove 3 Click Remove Permission in the Commands section of the tab 4 Click OK to confirm that you want to remove the permission The permission is removed Users removed from a VMware Server host lose access to all VMware Server objects and will not be able to log on again Users that are logged in when they are removed from the host retain their VMware Server permissions only until the next validation period the default is every 24 hours Removing a group does not affect the permissions granted individually to the users in that group or those granted as part of inclusion in another group Access Rules 200 The following is a list of general rules to consider when configuring permissions Hierarchical Inheritance Propagation is set per permission not universally applied Permissions defined for a sub object always override those propagated from parent objects With respect to permis
358. ted by a device connected to the physical port are not passed to the virtual machine Also the guest operating system cannot use DMA direct memory access to move data to or from the port For this reason not all devices that attach to the parallel port are guaranteed to work correctly You can attach up to three parallel ports to a virtual machine The virtual parallel port can connect to a parallel port or a file on the host operating system Configuring a Parallel Port on a Windows Host If a virtual machine is configured with a parallel port most guest operating systems detect it at installation time and install the required drivers Some operating systems including Windows NT and Windows 2000 automatically detect the ports at boot time Others like Windows 95 and Windows 98 do not In a Windows 95 or Windows 98 guest after you add the port run the guest operating system s Add New Hardware wizard Start gt Settings gt Control Panel gt Add New Hardware so Windows can detect the new device Configuring a Parallel Port on a Linux Host For the parallel port to work properly in a guest operating system it must first be configured properly on the host system This section discusses issues with parallel port functionality that are a result of the incorrect configuration of the following host settings m The Linux kernel version m Device access permissions m Required modules Parallel Ports and Linux 2 2 x Kernels T
359. tem is running To install VMware Tools in a Linux Guest Within X Using the RPM Installer 1 In VI Web Access click Install VMware Tools in the Status section of the virtual machine Summary tab If an earlier version of VMware Tools is installed click Upgrade VMware Tools Click the Console tab The remaining steps take place inside the virtual machine The guest operating system mounts the VMware Tools installation virtual CD A window manager displaying two files might appear One file is for the RPM installer and one is for the tar installer Alternatively a VMware Tools CD icon might appear on the desktop Do one of the following m Ifyou see a VMware Tools CD icon on the desktop double click it and after it opens double click the RPM installer in the root of the CD ROM m If you see a file manager window double click the RPM installer file In some Linux distributions the VMware Tools CD icon might fail to appear In this case install VMware Tools from the command line as described in Installing VMware Tools from the Command Line with the Tar or RPM Installer on page 79 When prompted enter the root password and click OK The installer prepares the packages Click Continue when the installer presents a dialog box that shows Completed System Preparation RC DRAFT VMware Inc Installing and Using VMware Tools When the installer is done no confirmation window or finish button appears but VMware Tools i
360. ter 111 sessions privileges 303 Shared Folders tab VMware Tools 91 sharing files on a Linux host with Samba 249 shortcut desktop for VMware Server 39 Shrink tab VMware Tools 91 shrinking virtual disks 91 140 virtual disks in Netware 92 shutting down host wide virtual machine RC DRAFT settings 109 order of virtual machines 110 smb conf file 251 252 256 Snapshot tab VI Web Access 119 snapshots as background activity 108 189 eliminating for performance 272 excluding virtual disks from 189 files for storing 315 host wide settings 108 locking 120 power off options 120 190 removing 191 reverting to 190 taking 190 using with VSS backups 112 virtual machine 187 Solaris VMware Tools for 81 sound configuring in virtual machines 157 Sound Blaster 158 support in guest 31 sound adapters adding 158 device compatibility 157 drivers for Windows guests 158 editing 158 removing 159 sound drivers 158 specifications for virtual machines 28 starting suspended virtual machines 185 virtual machines automatically 109 startup host wide virtual machine settings 109 order of virtual machines 110 VMware Inc VMware Inc startup commands used by VMware Tools 98 startup scripts using VMware Tools 97 statistics enabling and disabling 121 stopping order of virtual machines 110 subnet changing settings 218 in NAT configuration 222 on host only networks 222 Summary tab 50 in virtual network editor 258 V
361. ter Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Create Creates a new datacenter VC only Datacenter Datacenter Datacenter User interface element Inventory folders context menu toolbar button and File gt New Datacenter Delete Removes a datacenter VC only Datacenter Datacenters Datacenter User interface element Inventory plus parent context menu Inventory gt Datacenter gt object Remove Edit gt Remove Move Moves a datacenter VC only Datacenter Datacenters Datacenter Privilege must be present at both the sourceand Datacenter source and destination destination folders User interface element Inventory drag and drop Rename Changes the name of a datacenter VC only Datacenter Datacenters Datacenter User interface element Inventory object Inventory context menu Edit gt Rename Inventory gt Datacenter gt Rename Datastore Table A 3 Datastore Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Browse Browses files on a datastore HC and VC Datastores Datastores Datastore User interface element Add existing Datastore disk browse for CD ROM or Floppy folders media serial or parallel port files Delete Removes a datastore HC and VC Datastores Datastores Datastore User interface element Inventory Datastore datastore context menu Inventory gt folders Datastore gt Remove Delete Deletes a file in the datastore HCand VC Datastores D
362. terprise Server 10 m Ubuntu Linux 8 04 Ubuntu Linux 7 10 Ubuntu Linux 7 04 Ubuntu Linux 6 10 Ubuntu Linux 6 06 VI Web Access and VMware Remote Console Client System Requirements VI Web Access enables you to manage virtual machines from a Web browser on the host or a remote client VMware Remote Console enables you to interact with the guest operating system on the host or a remote client It is installed as a Web browser add on To use VI Web Access or install VMware Remote Console run one of the following Web browsers m Mozilla Firefox 2 0 or 3 0 for Linux m Mozilla Firefox 2 0 or 3 0 for Windows m Internet Explorer 6 0 or 7 0 7 0 recommended NOTE Other browsers are not excluded but are not certified by VMware Please refer to your browser vendor s documentation for additional requirements For the best experience make sure that your browser includes all of the security and stability updates recommended by the vendor VMware Inc RC D RAFT 27 VMware Server User s Guide JavaScript XMLHttpRequest and cookies must be enabled in your Web browser settings to use VI Web Access These features are enabled by default To avoid performance degradation disable the Firebug extension to Firefox when using VI Web Access The VMware Remote Console add on might conflict with other Firefox add ons If you experience problems when you attempt to install the VMware Remote Console add on try disabling other add ons you
363. th a set of hosts User interface element Required when displaying the migration wizard for a powered on VM to check compatibility Relocate Cold migrates a virtual machine s VC only Virtual Virtual execution to a specific resource pool or machines machines host User interface element Inventory context menu Virtual Machine Summary tab Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Migrate drag and drop Remove Pool Deletes a resource pool HCand VC Resource Resource User interface element Edit gt pools plus pools Remove Inventory gt Resource Pool gt parent Remove inventory context menu object Resources tab Rename Pool Renames a resource pool HCand VC Resource Resource User interface element Edit gt pools pools Rename Inventory gt Resource Pool gt Rename context menu 302 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Scheduled Task Table A 15 Scheduled Task Privileges Defined Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Create Tasks Schedules a task Requires the VC only Allinventory Allinventory privileges to perform the scheduled objects objects action at the time of scheduling User interface element Scheduled Tasks toolbar button and context menu Modify Task Reconfigures the scheduled task VC only Allinventory Allinventory properties objects objects User interface element Inventory gt Scheduled Tasks gt Edit Scheduled Tasks tab context menu Remove Tas
364. that cannot be canceled and requires as much physical disk space as the amount you specify for virtual disk capacity You are also given the option Split disk into 2GB files Select this option if your virtual disk is stored on a file system such as FAT16 that does not support files larger than 2GB Disk Mode Settings Select whether or not to run the disk in Independent Mode Independent disks add a layer of control and complexity to your virtual disks Disks in Independent Mode are not affected by snapshots RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware If you have a snapshot you must remove it before you can change the disk mode when you edit a virtual disk See Removing a Snapshot on page 191 If you select Independent Mode also select one of the following m Persistent Disks in persistent mode behave like conventional disks on your physical computer All data written to a disk in persistent mode are written permanently to the disk m Nonpersistent Changes to disks innonpersistent mode are discarded when you power off or reset the virtual machine Nonpersistent mode enables you to restart the virtual machine with a virtual disk in the same state every time Changes to the disk are actually written to and read from a redo log file that is deleted when you power off or reset Device Type and Node Settings When creating a new virtual disk the default adapter type is based on your selected gues
365. that is connected to the host network but available only through the host machine In this configuration the virtual machine cannot connect to the Internet See Host Only Networking on page 210 You can set up specialized configurations using the virtual network editor on Windows hosts and vmware config pl on Linux hosts See Custom Networking Configurations on page 211 On a Windows host the software needed for bridged NAT and host only networking configurations is installed when you install VMware Server The New Virtual Machine wizard connects the virtual machine to the virtual network you select the bridged VMnet0 virtual network named Bridged is the default selection You can later set up more specialized configurations by configuring the appropriate settings in the virtual network editor and on your host computer On a Linux host when you install and configure VMware Server you can choose to have bridged host only and NAT networking available to your virtual machines by configuring each option when you run vmware config pl You can later reconfigure networking to add delete or modify virtual networks by rerunning vmware config pl Components of the Virtual Network The following sections describe the devices that make up a virtual network 204 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Virtual Network Switch The virtual switch works like a physical switch but it is used by virtual machines Like
366. the 386enh section add the following line ConservativeSwapFileUsage 1 Enabling Hardware Acceleration in Windows Server 2003 Windows Server 2003 disables hardware acceleration by default This slows down graphics performance and mouse responsiveness in the guest operating system When you install VMware Tools in a Windows Server 2003 guest you are prompted to enable the hardware acceleration setting VMware recommends that you enable hardware acceleration fully To enable hardware acceleration after installing VMware Tools 1 From the Windows control panel select Display 2 Click the Settings tab and click Advanced 3 Click the Troubleshoot tab and drag the Hardware acceleration slider all the way to Full Configuring Direct Memory Access DMA Disk Settings SCSCI physical disks are usually faster than IDE disks that use DMA However in certain situations such as single threaded disk access an IDE disk that uses DMA is as fast as a SCSI disk Ina virtual machine SCSI disks and IDE disks that use DMA have similar performance IDE disks might be very slow in a guest operating system that is not configured to use DMA If supported also enable DMA in SCSI disks The easiest way to configure a Linux guest to use DMA for virtual IDE drives is to install VMware Tools During VMware Tools installation IDE virtual drives are automatically configured to use DMA RC DRAFT VMware Inc Performance Tuning for VMware Server I
367. the Video Driver on Older Versions of Windows 75 Installing VMware Tools in a Linux Guest System 78 Installing VMware Tools in a Solaris Guest System 81 Installing VMware Tools in a FreeBSD Guest System 82 Installing VMware Tools in a NetWare Guest System 84 Starting the VMware User Process Manually If You Do Not Use a Session Manager on UNIX 86 Updating VMware Tools 86 Uninstalling VMware Tools 87 Repairing or Changing VMware Tools 88 Using the VMware Tools Control Panel 88 Using the Windows Control Panel to Display the Taskbar Icon 89 Options Tab 89 Devices Tab 90 Scripts Tab 91 Shared Folders Tab 91 Shrink Tab 91 About Tab 92 VMware Server User s Guide Configuring VMware Tools in a NetWare Guest 92 Customizations to VMware Tools 93 How VMware Tools Scripts Affect Power States 93 Executing Commands After You Power Off or Reset a Virtual Machine 96 Passing a String from the Host to the Guest at Startup 97 Passing Information Between the Guest and Another Program 99 Using the VMware Tools Command Line Interface 99 6 Managing VMware Server 101 Managing the Virtual Machine Inventory 101 Adding a Virtual Machine to the Inventory 102 Removing a Virtual Machine from the Inventory 102 Performing Power Operations on Virtual Machines 103 Managing Datastores 103 Adding Datastores 104 Renaming Datastores 105 Removing Datastores 106 Refreshing Datastores 106 Editing Host Wide Memory and Snapshot Settings 106 Configuring Host Memory 106 Enab
368. the following command to run the script vmware config pl vmware config plislocated in usr bin If this is not in your default path enter the following command to run the script usr bin vmware config pl Respond to the prompts In most cases the default response is appropriate RC DRAFT ii VMware Server User s Guide The following ports are used by default port 902 for the VMware Authorization Service port 8222 for http connections and port 8333 for secure http https connections Change the port number when prompted if you do not want to use the default value If you do not specify port 80 for http connections you must enter the port number when you connect to VMware Server using VI Web Access See Logging In to VMware Server Using VI Web Access on page 47 If the configuration program does not display a message saying the configuration completed successfully run the configuration program again 3 When done exit from the root account exit Uninstalling VMware Server on a Linux Host This section provides instructions for uninstalling a tar installation and an RPM installation Uninstalling a tar Installation of VMware Server If you used the tar installer to install VMware Server remove the software from your system using the following command vmware uninstall pl Uninstalling an RPM Installation of VMware Server If you used the RPM installer to install VMware Server remove the software from your
369. the host the changes take effect Notes for Using the lomega Zip Drive On Windows 95 or Windows 98 guest operating systems using older drivers for the Iomega Zip drive might cause the guest to lock up intermittently at boot time or during installation of the guest operating system The newest Iomega drivers work reliably in VMware tests They are available from the Iomega web site On the Iomega web site www iomega com click Support amp Downloads Keyboard Mapping on Linux Hosts 176 This section addresses the following issues and provides additional details on keyboard mapping in Linux m Some language specific keyboards do not appear to be supported by VMware Server m Some of the keys on the keyboard dont work correctly in the virtual machine m The keyboard works fine when you run a virtual machine locally but not when you run the same virtual machine with a remote X server If your keyboard works correctly with a local X server and you want the same behavior with a remote X server which is also an XFree86 server running on a PC first power off the virtual machine and close the VMware Server window Add the following setting to the virtual machine configuration vmx file or to vmware config xkeymap usekeycodeMapIfXFree86 TRUE RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Make this change on the host machine where you run the virtual machine not on the machine with the remote X server
370. the listing for the adapter you want to exclude then click OK To remove an adapter from the list of excluded adapters select its name in the list and click Remove If you are using teamed network adapters on your host you can exclude the physical network adapters from bridged networking For information about teamed network adapters see Configuring Bridged Networking When Using Teamed Network Interface Cards on page 229 To designate a physical network adapter to be used for bridged networking on virtual switches named VMnet2 VMnet7 click the Host Virtual Network Mapping tab Select an adapter from the drop down list beside the name of the virtual switch you want to use If you are using teamed network adapters on your host you can select the teamed network adapter for VMnet0 CAUTION Be careful when you change the bridged adapter mappings If you re assign a physical network adapter to a different virtual network any virtual machine using the original network loses its network connectivity through that network You must then change the setting for each affected virtual machine s network adapter individually This can be especially troublesome if your host has only one physical network adapter and you reassign it toa VMnet other than VMnet0 Even though the VMnet still appears to be bridged to an automatically chosen adapter the only adapter it can use has been assigned to another VMnet To make changes to the subnet
371. the virtual machine configure the virtual machine to enter the BIOS setup utility when it boots as described in Changing Virtual Machine Power Settings on page 118 On the main screen select Legacy Diskette B and use the plus and minus keys on the numerical keypad to select the type of floppy drive you want to use Press F10 to save your changes and close the BIOS setup utility 148 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Editing a Virtual Floppy Drive When you edit a virtual floppy drive you can modify the connection status and which physical drive or floppy image file to connect to When the virtual machine is powered off you can also change the virtual device node You can connect only one virtual floppy drive to each physical drive on the host system The physical device can be connected to only one virtual machine at a time To edit an existing floppy drive 1 2 VMware Inc Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the floppy drive to modify and select Edit Select Host Media to configure a physical drive or floppy image file on the host system If you want to use a floppy drive on a client system select Client Media Use VMware Remote Console to select and connect or disconnect the client device See Connecting and Disconnecting Client Devices on page 125 Optional In the Device Status section
372. tings during the upgrade it cannot preserve bridge settings created with VMware Server 1 RC DRAFT i VMware Server User s Guide Where to Go Next After you have installed the VMware Server software on the server typical next steps include 1 Create a virtual machine See Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines on page 57 2 Install a guest operating system You need the installation media for your guest operating system See Installing a Guest Operating System on page 66 and the VMware Guest Operating System Installation Guide 3 Install the VMware Tools package in your guest operating system for enhanced performance and features See Installing VMware Tools on page 73 4 Create additional datastores and add existing virtual machines to your inventory See Chapter 6 Managing VMware Server on page 101 5 Start using the virtual machines See Running Virtual Machines on page 115 46 RC D RAFT VMware Inc Learning VMware Server Basics Using VI Web Access This chapter describes how to connect to VMware Server and introduces the VI Web Access management interface VI Web Access provides a simple and flexible tool for virtual machine management This chapter contains the following sections m Logging In to VMware Server Using VI Web Access on page 47 m Overview of VI Web Access on page 48 m Using the VMware Server Host Workspace on page 49 m Using the Virtual M
373. tions which cannot be changed You can modify the disk mode virtual device node and caching policy settings Make any required changes to the default values on the Properties page and click Next For detailed information about settings you can configure on the Properties page see Hard Disk Type and Properties on page 60 m Don t Adda Virtual Disk Click only if you can use a bootable CD or PXE image file and do not need a hard disk to install the operating system 14 On the Network Adapter page select whether or not to add a network adapter 64 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines Add a Network Adapter Select to add a network to your virtual machine The wizard displays the Properties page Select the virtual network for the virtual machine from the drop down menu of existing networks Optionally deselect Connect at Power On if you do not want this network to be connected when the virtual machine is powered on Click Next Don t Add a Network Adapter You can create a virtual machine without networking or add a virtual network later For more information see Network Connection Type on page 62 15 On the Ready to Complete page VMware Inc Click Back or navigate using the Pages panel to make changes Expand More Hardware to add more hardware to the virtual machine before you finish creating it m To add a hard disk see Adding a Hard Disk to a Virtual Machine
374. to the base virtual disk files m Revert to a snapshot When you revert to the snapshot the contents of the redo log files are discarded m Take a snapshot If you take a snapshot when the virtual machine already has a snapshot the changes accumulated in the redo log files are written permanently to the base virtual disk files Any subsequent changes accumulate in new redo logs Excluding Virtual Disks from Snapshots In certain virtual machine configurations you might want to revert some disks to a snapshot while other disks retain all changes For example you might want a snapshot to preserve a disk with your operating system and applications while always keeping the changes to a disk with your documents and data When you add a new virtual disk set the Disk Mode to Independent Mode if you do not want it to be affected by snapshots as described in Adding a Hard Disk to a Virtual Machine on page 138 You can exclude existing virtual disks from a snapshot by changing the disk mode If you have a snapshot you must remove it before you can change the disk mode See Editing a Virtual Hard Disk on page 139 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 189 VMware Server User s Guide 190 Taking a Snapshot You can take a snapshot while a virtual machine is powered on powered off or suspended If you are suspending a virtual machine wait until the suspend operation has finished before taking a snapshot As described in Activities T
375. to the snapshot or to ask you whether you want to revert to the snapshot whenever you power off the virtual machine To set a snapshot power off option 1 In the Commands section of the virtual machine s Summary tab click Configure VM Click the Snapshot tab Select one of the following options in the When powering off section m Just power off Powers off without making any changes to the snapshot m Revert to snapshot Reverts to the current snapshot so the virtual machine always starts in the state it was in when the current snapshot was taken Reverting to the snapshot discards changes For example an instructor might need to discard student answers for a computer lesson when a virtual machine is powered off at the end of class m Ask me Every time you power off a virtual machine you are prompted to specify whether you want to just power off or revert to the current snapshot Click OK to save your changes and return to the Summary tab RC DRAFT VMware Inc Running Virtual Machines Changing Virtual Machine Advanced Settings This section describes how to configure advanced virtual machine settings including the following What kind of information is collected while VMware Server is running Enabling and disabling logging Disabling acceleration if a program cannot be run in your virtual machine Enabling Virtual Machine Interface VMI paravirtualization to increase performance on hosts that support p
376. ts of the current directory The Information column shows detailed information about the selected directory or file 4 When you find the virtual machine configuration file that you want select it from the Contents column and click OK The virtual machine is added to the inventory Removing a Virtual Machine from the Inventory VMware Server includes options to remove a virtual machine from the inventory or to completely delete the virtual machine You do not need to manipulate files on the host file system to delete a virtual machine Before you can delete a virtual machine or remove it from the inventory it must be powered off or suspended To delete a virtual machine or remove it from the inventory 1 Select the host in the Inventory panel 2 Click the Virtual Machines tab 3 Select the virtual machine to delete RC DRAFT VMware Inc Managing VMware Server When the virtual machine is powered off the Remove Virtual Machine command appears in the Commands section of the workspace Click Remove Virtual Machine A confirmation dialog box appears Optional To delete all the virtual machine files from disk select Delete this virtual machine s files from the disk If you do not select Delete this virtual machine s files from the disk the virtual machine is removed from the inventory but all the virtual machine files remain intact on the datastore Click OK The virtual machine is deleted or removed from the invento
377. tual machine is started before starting the next virtual machine in the startup list Continue immediately if the VMware Tools start Select to start the next virtual machine in the startup list immediately after VMware Tools starts in the current virtual machine 4 Optional To override the default system setting for shutdown select Use specified settings and change one or both of the following m Shutdown Delay Enter the amount of time in seconds to wait after shutting down a virtual machine before shutting down the next virtual machine in the shutdown list Perform Shutdown Action Select System Default Power Off Suspend or Shut Down Guest 5 Click OK Enabling Quiesced Backups of Virtual Machines on Windows The Volume Shadow Copy Service VSS provides a backup infrastructure for applications running on Windows operating systems The VMware VSS Writer interacts with VMware Tools running in virtual machines and enables backup applications that use VSS to perform quiesced backups of virtual machines When the VSS enabled application requests a backup the VMware VSS Writer automatically quiesces the virtual machine disk files and creates a snapshot of the virtual machine for the backup application VMware Inc RC DRAFT 111 VMware Server User s Guide NOTE VMware has tested quiesced backups using Windows Backup NTBackup For information about support for third party backup applications contact your backup
378. tual machine will connect to is running directly on the host system 6 Optional To connect to the named pipe when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on the default 7 Optional on Windows hosts only Expand I O Mode to select Yield CPU on poll which is deselected by default The kernel in the target virtual machine uses the virtual serial port in polled mode not interrupt mode For more information see Yielding CPU on Poll to Improve Performance When Debugging Windows Hosts Only on page 168 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 161 VMware Server User s Guide 8 9 Click Next The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard Editing a Virtual Serial Port You can edit an existing virtual serial port to change its configuration settings To edit an existing serial port 1 2 3 4 6 162 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the serial port to modify Optional To connect to the serial port when the virtual machine is powered on select Connect at power on Select the connection type and configure it as follows Physical Select the host serial port from the drop down menu File Enter the path and filename for the output file or click Browse to navigate to a file in
379. ual machines the host and other host applications cannot operate properly The amount of memory that must remain allocated to the host and other host applications depends on the host operating system and the total host memory size Configuring Host Memory for Swapping To prevent virtual machines from affecting each other s performance VMware Server limits the number of virtual machines that can run simultaneously based on the amount of memory reserved for all running virtual machines To adjust the number of virtual machines that can run simultaneously or their total memory usage specify the amount of virtual machine memory that the host operating system can swap to disk You can allow virtual machine memory to be swapped in and out of host RAM or you can require that all virtual machine memory fit in reserved RAM The setting that determines how much memory can be swapped is configured as described in Configuring Additional Memory for Swapping on page 107 If you try to power on a virtual machine when insufficient memory is available VMware Server displays a warning dialog box The message indicates how much memory the virtual machine is configured to use and how much memory is available To attempt to power on the virtual machine using the available memory click OK Otherwise click Cancel Allocating Memory to a Virtual Machine 268 You specify the memory capacity for each virtual machine when you create it The New Virtual
380. ue is a positive integer that specifies the time taken to transmit a character expressed as a percentage of the default speed set for the serial port in the guest operating system For example a setting of 200 forces the port to take twice as long per character or send data at half the default speed A setting of 50 forces the port to take half as long per character or send data at twice the default speed To set the serial port speed appropriately in the guest operating system experiment with this setting Start with a value of 100 and gradually decrease it until you find the highest speed at which your connection works reliably 4 Power on the virtual machine Configuring Parallel Ports Parallel ports are used by a variety of devices including printers scanners dongles and disk drives A virtual parallel port can connect to a parallel port or a file on the host system VMware Inc RC DRAFT 169 VMware Server User s Guide 170 Adding a Parallel Port to a Virtual Machine You can add a virtual parallel port that connects to a physical parallel port or an output file To add a physical parallel port to the virtual machine 1 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click Parallel Port For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 2 Click Use a physical parallel port to connect to a physical port on the host machine 3 On the Propert
381. uestion transitions or runtime errors machines machines User interface element Summary tab Inventory menu context menu Configure CD Changes the backing of a CD ROM HCand VC Virtual Virtual Media device machines machines User interface element Virtual Machine Properties dialog box gt DVD CD ROM Configure Changes the backing of a floppy device HCand VC Virtual Virtual Floppy Media User interface element Virtual machines machines Machine Properties dialog box Summary tab Edit Settings Console Interacts with the virtual machine s HCand VC Virtual Virtual Interaction virtual mouse keyboard and screen machines machines gets screenshot information User interface element Console tab toolbar button Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Open Console inventory context menu Defragment Defragments all disks on the virtual HCand VC Virtual Virtual All Disks machine machines machines Device Changes the connected state of a virtual HCand VC Virtual Virtual Connection machine s disconnectable virtual machines machines devices User interface element Virtual Machine Properties dialog box Summary tab Edit Settings Power Off Powers off a powered on virtual HCand VC Virtual Virtual machine shuts down guest machines machines User interface element Inventory gt Virtual Machine gt Power gt Power Off Summary tab toolbar button virtual machine context menu VMware Inc 307 RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide
382. uests this tab also shows the status of the VMware Tools service Configuring VMware Tools in a NetWare Guest In a NetWare virtual machine using the system console you can configure certain virtual machine options such as time synchronization CPU idling and device configuration with VMware Tools The VMware Tools command line program is called vmwtool To configure VMware Tools in a NetWare guest operating system 1 Open a terminal window system console in the NetWare guest 2 Enter a command that uses the following format vmwtool lt command gt lt command gt is one of the commands listed in Table 5 2 Table 5 2 VMware Tools Commands for Netware Guests vmwtool Command Definition help Displays a summary of VMware Tools commands and options in a NetWare guest partitonlist Displays a list of all disk partitions in the virtual disk and whether or not a partition can be shrunk shrink lt partition gt Shrinks the listed partitions If no partitions are specified all partitions in the virtual disk are shrunk The status of the shrink process appears at the bottom of the system console devicelist Lists each removable device in the virtual machine its device ID and whether the device is enabled or disabled Removable devices include the virtual network adapter CD DVD drives and floppy drives disabledevice lt device Disables the specified device or devices in the virtual name gt machine If no device
383. uired virtual machine hardware In addition to the preceding settings the following are required to share disks 282 VMware Inc Configuring Clustering on Windows Hosts m A secondary virtual SCSI host adapter m One or more preallocated virtual disks that are shared and are attached to the secondary SCSI host adapter Note the following about virtual PCI slots in the virtual machines m Each virtual machine by default has six PCI slots available m This configuration two network adapters and two SCSI host bus adapters uses four of these slots m One more PCI slot is available for a third network adapter if needed The sixth slot is used by the virtual display adapter m If the virtual machine s boot partition is on an IDE virtual disk the partition occupies one of the PCI slots Creating a Two Node Cluster with Microsoft Clustering Services This section describes how to create a two node cluster using Microsoft Clustering Services on a single VMware Server host using the following m SQL1 host name of node 1 of the cluster m SQL2 host name of node 2 of the cluster m SQLCLUSTER public host name of the cluster The procedures to create a two node cluster includes the following high level steps m Create the base virtual machine with two virtual disks that are shared between the virtual machines in the cluster This virtual machine serves as a template for the second node m Clone the base node and use it creat
384. unning in your virtual machine See Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools on page 71 After VMware Tools is installed in a Windows virtual machine the VMware Tools services start when you start the guest operating system The VMware Tools icon appears in the guest s notification area unless you disable the icon VMware Tools icon A 11 43 AM On Windows guests if the VMware Tools icon includes a yellow caution icon it means that an update is available To perform the update double click the icon and on the Options tab that appears click the Update button If the VMware Tools icon appears with a red circle and slash over it this means that the VMware Tools service is not running To start the service select Run from the Windows Start menu and enter services msc In the window that appears start the service called VMware Tools Service If the VMware Tools icon does not appear in the notification area of the Windows guest s taskbar use the VMware Tools control panel in the guest to display it See Using the Windows Control Panel to Display the Taskbar Icon on page 89 To change other VMware Tools properties see Using the VMware Tools Control Panel on page 88 For more information about the properties click Help Changing the Power State of a Virtual Machine 116 You can use VI Web Access to change the power state of the virtual machine To change a virtual machine s power state do one of t
385. uped for convenient identification under names such as Administrator B BIOS basic input output system Firmware that controls machine startup and manages communication between the CPU and other devices such as the keyboard monitor printers and disk drives bridged networking In hosted products a type of network connection between a virtual machine and the host s physical network With bridged networking a virtual machine appears to be an additional computer on the same physical Ethernet network as the host See also custom networking host only networking NAT network address translation Cc child A managed entity grouped by a folder object or another managed entity See also folder cluster A server group in the virtual environment Clusters enable a high availability solution VMware Inc 317 Workstation User s Manual 318 console See VI Web Access VMware Infrastructure Web Access VMware Remote Console custom networking Any type of network connection between virtual machines and the host that does not use the default bridged host only or network address translation NAT configurations For instance different virtual machines can be connected to the host by separate networks or connected to each other and not to the host Any network topology is possible See also bridged networking host only networking NAT network address translation datastore Virtual representations of combinations of underly
386. uration The cluster in a box configuration has the following features m Consists of multiple virtual machines nodes on a single physical machine m Supports shared disks without shared SCSI hardware m Supports a heartbeat network without an extra physical network adapter VMware Inc 281 VMware Server User s Guide Figure 13 1 Two Node Cluster on a Single Physical Machine data vmdk Private virtual Virtual Virtual Ethernet machine machine for heartbeat iai Clustering Clustering pei quorum vmdk BEE EOOSE EE Virtual Ethernet switch Public virtual VMnet1 Ethernet BEEBE OOSEED VMware bridge VMnet0 Requests gt ERE Host Ethernet adapter Host machine hardware The following sections describe how to configure a cluster in a box Configuring Virtual Machines for Cluster in a Box To create a set of clustered virtual machines a cluster in a box configure each of them with the following m A primary virtual SCSI host adapter with one virtual SCSI disk m Two virtual network adapters m A public network adapter bridged to a physical adapter either using VMnet0 or VMnet2 through VMnet8 m A private network adapter connected to VMnet1 host only or another physical adapter VMnet2 through VMnet8 This is the network adapter that the clustering service uses to monitor the heartbeat between nodes The network selection must match in all virtual machines in a cluster m Any other req
387. uring SCSI Controllers SCSI controllers are added and removed automatically as needed VMware Server supports up to four SCSI controllers You can edit the SCSI controller device type V CAUTION Changing the device type before you install the corresponding driver in the guest operating system might prevent the virtual machine from booting See Device Type and Node Settings on page 137 To edit an existing SCSI controller 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the SCSI controller and select Edit 3 Click Modify device type to change the SCSI controller device type The choices are BusLogic or LSI Logic parallel interfaces For hardware version 7 virtual machines you can also select LSI SAS serial interface 4 Click OK Configuring USB Controllers and Devices This section describes how to add and remove a USB controller and how to configure USB devices for virtual machines Adding a USB Controller to a Virtual Machine You can add only one controller per virtual machine but the controller supports multiple USB devices 152 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware To add a USB controller to a virtual machine 1 From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click USB Controller For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 The Read
388. used in the virtual machine inventory list A subfolder with this name is also created to store all the files associated with this virtual machine Also on the Name and Location page select a datastore from the list of existing datastores The datastore determines where virtual machine files are stored After you select a datastore click OK For more information see Virtual Machine Location on page 57 Click Next On the Guest Operating System page select the type of operating system that you intend to install in the new virtual machine Then select the operating system version from the drop down menu For more information see Guest Operating System on page 58 Also on the Guest Operating System page you can expand the Product Compatibility heading to select the virtual machine product compatibility level If you select hardware version 7 the default your virtual machine can use new VMware Server 2 features such as increased maximum memory per virtual machine However the virtual machine cannot be migrated to most other VMware products with the exception of Workstation 6 x If you select hardware version 4 the virtual machine can be used with other current VMware products including Workstation 5 and 6 ESX 3 and VMware Server 1 and 2 RC DRAFT 83 VMware Server User s Guide 10 11 12 13 For more information see Product Compatibility Virtual Machine Hardware Version on page 59 Click Nex
389. usr Lib vmware smb codepages dns proxy no Shared resources Home directories homes comment Home directories browseable no writable yes 4 Printers printers comment All printers path var lpd browseable no guest ok no writable no printable yes HostFS comment VMware host filesystem path public no writeable yes printable no Sample smb conf for Bridged Networking The following sample Samba configuration file is for use with bridged networking This configuration file is based on the 2 0 7 version of Samba and assumes that you are using your existing Samba server as provided with your host computer s Linux distribution The configuration file is placed in etc by default This is the main Samba configuration file Read the smb conf 5 manual page to understand the options listed here Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which are not shown in this example RC DRAFT Configuring a Virtual Network 4 Any Line that starts with a semicolon or a 4 hash is a comment and is ignored In this example we will use a for commentary and a for parts of the config file that you might wish to enable NOTE Whenever you modify this file run the command testparm to check that you have not many any basic syntactic errors Global Settings global interfaces eth0 workgroup WORKGROUP
390. uster User interface element Inventory context menu Inventory gt Cluster gt Edit Settings Summary tab Move Moves a cluster or standalone host VC only Clusters Clusters Cluster Standa between folders source and Host folders lone Host Privilege must be present at both the destination source and destination User interface element Inventory hierarchy Move Host Moves a set of existing hosts into a VC only Hosts source Clusters cluster and Host folders Privilege must be present at both the destination source and destination User interface element Inventory hierarchy drag and drop Remove Deletes a cluster or standalone host VC only Clusters plus Clusters Cluster User interface element Inventory parent object Hosts context menu Edit gt Remove Inventory gt Cluster gt Remove 298 VMware Inc RC DRAFT Table A 9 Host Inventory Privileges Continued Defined Privileges Privilege Pair with Effective on Name Description Affects Object Object Remove Host Removes a host in a cluster or VC only Clusters plus Clusters From Cluster standalone host parent object Host folders User interface element Inventory drag and drop out of cluster context menu Inventory gt Host gt Remove Rename Renames a cluster VC only Clusters Clusters Cluster User interface element Inventory single click inventory hierarchy context menu Inventory gt Cluster gt Rename Host Local Operations Table
391. ux kernel 172 configuring on a Linux host 172 editing 171 in a virtual machine 171 removing 171 paravirtualization 122 passthrough SCSI devices 150 adding 150 editing 151 removing 151 passwords in Samba password file 254 PCI slots in virtual machine 29 limits 29 performance CD DVD drive autorun polling 273 debugging mode 273 disk options 274 DMA and disks 274 eliminating snapshots 272 installing applications in a guest 272 Linux guests 271 memory settings 268 memory usage 267 268 privileges 300 remote disk access 272 Windows 2000 guest 273 Windows 95 and Windows 98 guests 275 permissions 193 198 access 198 creating 198 editing 199 hierarchy of 201 privileges 301 removing 200 settings multiple 201 RC DRAFT 333 VMware Server User s Guide 334 persistent virtual disks 61 physical disks storing virtual disks on 61 137 ping 241 pipe named 161 164 165 167 plug in VMware Remote Console 51 power off snapshot options 120 190 power state changing virtual machine 116 current virtual machine 50 Power tab VI Web Access 118 preallocated virtual disks 60 136 privileges 193 289 alarms 290 configuration 296 datacenter 291 extension 292 folders 293 global 293 host CIM 295 host inventory 298 host local operations 299 network 300 performance 300 permission 301 resource 301 scheduled tasks 303 sessions 303 tasks 304 virtual machine 309 virtual machine configuration 304 virtual
392. vel permissions In the VMware Tools control panel click the Shrink tab If the virtual machine does not allow shrinking the Shrink tab shows the reason Select the virtual disks to shrink and click Prepare to Shrink If you deselect some partitions the whole disk is still shrunk However those partitions are not wiped for shrinking and the shrink process does not reduce the size of the virtual disk as much as it would with all partitions selected VMware Tools reclaims all unused portions of disk partitions such as deleted files and prepares them for shrinking During this phase you can still interact with the virtual machine When VMware Tools finishes wiping the selected disk partitions a prompt to shrink the disks appears Click Yes Shrinking disks can take considerable time Click OK Using VMware Virtual Disk Manager VMware Virtual Disk Manager is a utility that allows you to create manage and modify virtual disk files from the command line or in scripts RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware Unlike a physical disk you can enlarge a virtual disk so that the maximum capacity is larger than it was when you created it This is useful if you need more disk space in a given virtual machine but do not want to add another virtual disk or if you use ghosting software to transfer the data on a virtual disk to a larger virtual disk You can also change disk types When you create a virtual machin
393. view or change DHCP settings for a virtual network click the gt button for that virtual network A context menu appears from which you can select DHCP Make any changes you wish and click OK You can change DHCP settings only if the virtual network adapter is bridged For example if the setting for VMnet3 is Not bridged the context menu displays only Subnet and there is no option for changing DHCP settings See also DHCP Tab Host Virtual Adapters Tab The list on this panel shows which virtual networks have host virtual adapters virtual network adapters that allow the host computer to connect to the network If you install the proper routing or proxy software on your host computer you can establish a connection between the host virtual network adapter and a physical network adapter on the host computer This allows you for example to connect the virtual machine to a Token Ring or other non Ethernet network Use this tab to enable disable add and remove a host virtual adapter You can enable and disable adapters while a virtual machine is running RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network The presence of virtual network adapters has a slight performance cost because broadcast packets must go to the extra adapters On Windows networks browsing your network might be slower than usual And in some cases these adapters interact with the host computer s networking configuration in undesirable ways If you
394. vmnet1 dhcp dhcp conf 2 To configure the DHCP server for the NAT network edit the configuration file for VMnet8 etc vmware vmnet8 dhcp dhcp conf Editing the DHCP server configuration file requires information that is best obtained directly from the DHCP server documentation 3 Consult the manual pages dhcpd 8 and dhcpd conf 8 To configure the DHCP server on a Windows host 1 Ona Windows host you configure the DHCP server using the virtual network editor 2 From the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks 3 Click DHCP 4 Select the virtual network for which you want to change settings and click Properties 5 Make the desired changes then click OK Choosing the Method for Assigning IP Addresses For virtual machines that you do not expect to keep for long use DHCP and let it allocate an IP address For each host only or NAT network the available IP addresses are split up using the conventions shown in the tables below where lt net gt is the network number assigned to your host only or NAT network VMware Server always uses a Class C address for host only and NAT networks Table 11 1 Address Use on a Host Only Network Range Address use Example lt net gt 1 Host machine 192 168 0 1 lt net gt 2 lt net gt 127 Static addresses 192 168 0 2 192 168 0 127 VMware Inc RC DRAFT 223 VMware Server User s Guide 224 Table 11 1 Address Use on a Ho
395. vmwtool program 92 vmx file 315 vmxf file 315 Volume Shadow Copy Service 111 v scan code defined 177 table of codes 180 VSS 111 Index Ww wav file 157 Web shortcuts creating 127 generating 127 Windows Backup 112 Windows credential manager 105 Windows hosts installing VMware Server 37 uninstalling VMware Server 41 working directory 118 313 workspace in VI Web Access 48 X X server and keyboard mapping 177 xFree86 and keyboard mapping 177 Z zip drives on a parallel port 176 RC DRAFT VMware Server User s Guide 342 RC DRAFT VMware Inc
396. w Virtual Disk Click to add a new blank hard disk to your virtual machine The wizard displays the Properties page from which you can accept or change the default values for disk capacity datastore location file allocation options disk mode virtual device node and caching policy settings m Use an Existing Virtual Disk Click if you want to reuse or share a virtual hard disk that has already been created The wizard displays the Properties page from which you can browse to a virtual disk vmdk file you created previously After you select the existing disk file using the datastore browser its current properties are displayed You can modify the disk mode virtual device node and caching policy settings 3 Make any required changes to the default values on the Properties page and click Next RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware For detailed information about settings you can configure on the Properties page see Hard Disk Types and Properties on page 136 The Ready to Complete page displays the hardware settings 4 Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard The wizard creates the new virtual disk The virtual disk appears to your guest operating system as a new blank hard disk Use the guest operating system s utilities to partition and format the new disk Editing a Virtual Hard Disk This section describes how to change the settings for an existing hard dis
397. walls host network adapter virtual bridge ore REE ESE ee virtual network switch virtual virtual virtual network VMneto network network adapter adapter adapter NSE A A A AA Nei E virtual network switch virtual machine 1 Mnet2 firewall virtual machine 2 Web server virtual network switch virtual virtual r network network VMnet3 yira adapter adapter lee Re DE adapter virtual machine 4 virtual machine 3 internal PC firewall In addition to using the default bridged network VMnet0 this configuration requires you to configure VMnet2 and VMnet3 host only virtual networks You will also create four virtual machines and install the appropriate guest operating systems and application software in each virtual machine and make the appropriate networking settings changes in each virtual machine To set up a virtual network that connects to an external network 1 Configure VMnet2 and VMnet3 host only networks m On Windows use the virtual network editor from the Windows Start menu select Programs gt VMware Server gt Manage Virtual Networks to add host virtual adapters for VMnet2 and VMnet3 After you make changes using the virtual network editor you must restart your network using the Refresh Network System command in the Host Summary tab of VI Web Access Then you can add these networks to virtual machines RC DRAFT VMware Inc VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual N
398. with the iso extension in an existing datastore If you enter the path manually you must use the format datastore_name path_and_filename iso Select the SCSI or IDE device node in the Virtual Device Node section RC DRAFT a VMware Server User s Guide 7 Click OK to save your changes 8 Click Power On to power on your virtual machine 9 Click the Console tab to complete the guest operating system installation using VMware Remote Console Follow the instructions provided by the operating system vendor NOTE You might need to change the boot order in the virtual machine BIOS so that the virtual machine attempts to boot from the CD DVD device before trying other boot devices To do so press F2 when prompted during virtual machine startup 10 Ifthe ISO image spans multiple files when you are prompted to insert the next CD a Click the Summary tab b Inthe Hardware section edit the CD settings by clicking the CD DVD drive s icon and choosing Edit c Browse to the location of the next ISO image file and keep all other selections as they are d Click OK e Click the Console tab to return to VMware Remote Console f Inthe guest operating system click OK or otherwise respond to the prompt so that installation can continue g Repeat this process for additional files 11 Install VMware Tools as described in Installing VMware Tools on page 73 Updating the Guest Operating System 68 When you use the N
399. work Settings gt Host Virtual Network Mapping selecting a specific bridged adapter then clicking the gt button for that virtual network NAT Tab Options on the NAT tab let you determine which virtual network is using the virtual NAT device stop and start the NAT service and configure a variety of settings for the NAT device You can stop restart and start the virtual NAT device by clicking the appropriate button The VMnet host setting lets you select which virtual network uses the NAT device You can select Disable if you do not want to use NAT on any virtual network You can change any of the following NAT settings when you click Edit VMware Inc RC DRAFT 261 VMware Server User s Guide 262 Gateway IP address Use this field to change the IP address for the NAT device If you need to change the netmask click the lt button on the Host Virtual Network Mapping tab of the Virtual Network Editor and select Subnet UDP timeout Use this field to change the number of minutes to keep the UDP mapping for the NA Config port field Use this field for troubleshooting purposes with VMware technical support only You will be directed to specify a port that can be used to access status information about the NAT Port forwarding Port forwarding lets you send incoming TCP or UDP requests to a specific virtual machine on the virtual network served by the NAT device To set up and configure forwarded ports click Port
400. working creates a network that is completely contained within the host computer Host only networking provides a network connection between the virtual machine and the host computer using a host network adapter that is visible to the host operating system This approach can be useful if you need to set up an isolated virtual network Figure 11 3 Host Only Networking Setup virtual network adapter DHCP server QOS OR virtual network switch VMnet1 virtual machine host network adapter A host only network is set up automatically if you select HostOnly in the New Virtual Machine wizard On Linux hosts this selection is available only if you enable the host only networking option when you run vmware config pl Requirements for IP Addresses If you use host only networking your virtual machine and the host network adapter are connected to a private Ethernet network Addresses on this network are provided by the VMware internal DHCP server How to Edit the Setting Later If you make another selection in the New Virtual Machine wizard and later want to use host only networking you can make that change as described in Changing the Networking Configuration on page 215 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring a Virtual Network Routing and Connection Sharing If you install the proper routing or proxy software on your host computer you can establish a connection between the virtual network adapter an
401. x Host 41 Configuring VMware Server on Linux Hosts Using vmware config pl 43 Uninstalling VMware Server on a Linux Host 44 Uninstalling a tar Installation of VMware Server 44 Uninstalling an RPM Installation of VMware Server 44 Upgrading from VMware Server1 44 Where to Go Next 46 3 Learning VMware Server Basics Using VI Web Access 47 Logging In to VMware Server Using VI Web Access 47 Overview of VI Web Access 48 Using the VMware Server Host Workspace 49 Using the Virtual Machine Workspace 50 Viewing Virtual Machine Summary Information 50 Installing the VMware Remote Console Add On 51 Starting VMware Remote Console from the Console Tab 53 Using VI Web Access Menu Options 53 Application Menu 53 4 VMware Inc Contents Virtual Machine Menu 54 Administration Menu 55 Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Tasks 55 Viewing VMware Server and Virtual Machine Events 56 Logging Out 56 4 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines 57 Setting Up a New Virtual Machine 57 Before You Begin 57 Using the New Virtual Machine Wizard 62 Installing a Guest Operating System 66 Updating the Guest Operating System 68 Upgrading the Virtual Machine Version 69 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools 71 VMware Inc Components of VMware Tools 71 VMware Tools Service 72 VMware Device Drivers 72 VMware User Process 73 VMware Tools Control Panel 73 Installing VMware Tools 73 Manually Installing VMware Tools in a Windows Guest System 74 Configuring
402. y Removes all stored licenses at 0 uninstall SERIALNUMBER Enters the serial number Check the installation log file to verify that the installation completed successfully The log file indicates whether you need to reboot the host system or if any errors occurred The file is located in the administrator user s temporary directory in the format vminst log_ lt date_and_time_stamp gt _ lt Success_or_Failed gt Log Uninstalling VMware Server on a Windows Host To uninstall VMware Server use the Add Remove Programs control panel Select VMware Server and click Remove Follow the onscreen instructions Installing VMware Server on a Linux Host Before you begin read the following notes and make adjustments to your host system The real time clock function must be compiled in your Linux kernel The parallel port PC style hardware option CONFIG_PARPORT_PC must be built and loaded as a kernel module that is it must be set to m when the kernel is compiled To install VMware Server on a Linux host using a tar installation file 1 2 VMware Inc Log in with the user name you plan to use when running VMware Server In a terminal window use the command to become root for example su On Ubuntu hosts use the command sudo s H If you have a previous tar installation delete the vmware server distrib directory before installing from a tar file again The location of this directory is usually tmp vmware server di
403. y ID assigned to the guest operating system resets the machine information and resets the TCP IP network configuration Shut down the guest operating system and power off the virtual machine Create a virtual machine directory named SQL2 in the same datastore as SQL1 Copy the SQL1 vmdk files to this directory Use the VMware Virtual Disk Manager to change the name of the virtual disk to SQL2 vmdk At a command prompt type vmware vdiskmanager n SQL1 vmdk SQL2 vmdk For more information about the virtual disk manager see Using VMware Virtual Disk Manager on page 142 You are finished cloning the first node Next create the second node in the cluster using the clone To create the second node in the cluster from the clone of the first node 1 2 VMware Inc Log in to your VMware Server host as an Administrator user Create a new virtual machine as described in Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading Virtual Machines on page 57 Choose the settings you want such as the size of the virtual disk and the virtual memory limit but make sure that you specify m Windows 2000 Advanced Server or Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition as the guest operating system m SQL2 as the virtual machine name m The correct datastore m To use the existing virtual disk click Browse and select SQL2 vmdk m Bridged networking for the virtual machine Add a new network adapter that uses either another external adapter or t
404. y to Complete page displays the hardware setting 2 Review the configuration summary and click Finish to complete the wizard When the virtual machine is powered on a USB controller menu appears in the toolbar Use it to connect to USB devices as described in Connecting USB Devices on page 153 Removing a USB Controller from a Virtual Machine You can remove the USB controller from a virtual machine if you no longer want to use USB devices in the virtual machine To remove the USB controller 1 Select the virtual machine to modify from the Inventory panel 2 Make sure that the virtual machine is powered off 3 In the Hardware section of the Summary tab click the USB controller and select Remove 4 A dialog box asks you to confirm that you want to remove the controller If you want to remove it click Yes The USB controller is removed Connecting USB Devices Before you can use USB devices in a virtual machine you must add a USB controller See Adding a USB Controller to a Virtual Machine on page 152 When you physically plug a new USB device into the host system the device is initially connected to the host The device name is also added to the Plugged into Host list in the USB controller toolbar menu so that you can connect it to the virtual machine as described in this section If the physical USB device is connected to the host system through a hub the virtual machine sees only the USB device not the hub
405. you run more than one virtual machine at a time and if their CD DVD drives are in emulation mode start the virtual machines with their CD DVD drives disconnected This ensures that you do not have multiple virtual machines connected to the CD DVD drive at the same time Accessing the CD DVD Drive Directly Select Access the drive directly to have the guest operating system communicate directly with the CD DVD drive Direct communication with a CD DVD drive enables you to read multisession CDs perform digital audio extraction view video and burn discs Adding a CD DVD Drive to a Virtual Machine You can add one or more CD DVD drives to your virtual machine You can connect a virtual drive to a physical drive or ISO image file on the host system 144 RC DRAFT VMware Inc Configuring Virtual Machine Hardware It does not matter whether the CD DVD drive is IDE or SCSI An IDE virtual CD DVD drive can use a physical IDE drive or a physical SCSI drive So can a SCSI virtual CD DVD drive To add a CD DVD drive to a virtual machine 1 VMware Inc From the Add Hardware or New Virtual Machine wizard click CD DVD Drive For information about how to start the Add Hardware wizard see Adding Hardware to a Virtual Machine on page 130 Select an option under Host Media to connect to a drive or ISO image on the VMware Server host m Click Use a Physical Drive to connect the virtual machine s drive to a physical drive on the host

VMware Server User`s Guide

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents