The Fluke motor & drives presentation
Contents
1. FPLUKE Interpreting voltage unbalance measurements BUL 20kHz Mb HOLD Motor drive FILE ar RECALL gt IHT pa 7 F e Unbalance greater than 3 is problematic and will result in excessive motor winding heat e Possible causes of voltage unbalance on the drive output are One of the phase drive circuits is only partially conducting There is a voltage drop between the ASD s output and the motor terminal due to a poor connection Measuring current unbalance Motor drive e Use a Fluke 4 channel 190 204 S ScopeMeter with a current clamp on all three drive output terminals to measure the current draw on each terminal e 10 unbalance should be the maximum e Diagnostic benefits Extend motor life Avoid catastrophic failure Reduce downtime and economic losses Corrective Actions Symptom eres Voltage Current level Perform phase voltage Disconnect the load on the motor high low output fault measurements will influence and confirm balance changes current balance improvement over load probable Cause Disconnect the motor and EAren confirm Voltage balance changes temperatures improves motor perform then Measure motor temperature winding and insulation measurements Perform phase current Elevated motor Improper operation Measure winding resistance and Confirm Drive rating is or Drive failure insulation compatible with the m2. You can rule out issues that might affect the motor drive or breaker circuits This can save you time and lead to a faster problem resolution In addition by identifying over or under voltage conditions you can avoid nuisance tripping of drive fault circuits and eventual damage to the motor drive itself How much time did you spend trying to fix these kind of problems in the past How much time money do you think you can save by using the a Thermal imager or a 435 PQ analyzer Next steps Talk to your distributor or Fluke representative about scheduling an on site demo or getting more product information Arrive at problem resolution faster Avoid nuisance inverter low voltage fault circuit tripping Avoid damage to motor drive O sman a Introduction to drive output measurements What is DC Bus L1 Main switchgear iF ij fa e DC Bus functions as a voltage buffer e Direct current dc voltage derived from AC rectifiers e Provides constant energy supply to switching circuit e DC bus voltage is 1 414 x the RMS line voltage e 480 Vac drive the DC bus should be 678 Vdc Use a 1000v rated meter e Too low or noisy causes malfunction of drive output due to reduced energy available to the output devices Measuring the DC Bus L1 Main switchgear Recommendations e Fluke Scopemeter e Fluke 87 V e Exceeds safety
3. Fluke Thermal Imagers Capabilities Enhanced problem detection and analysis with IR Fusion Technology only from Fluke e Combines the power of infrared images with visible light images on the same display Optimized for field use in harsh work environments e Withstand a 6 5 foot drop e IP 54 rated for dust and water Delivers clear crisp images to find problems fast e Multiple measurement capabilities e Easy to use with simple navigation through menu driven selections e R OptiFlex focus system and manual focus Smartview Software e Easy high performance analysis and reporting Fluke Thermal Imagers e 11100 Series Lightest rugged easy to use thermal imagers e P3 Series Proven Practical Performance e Ti Series Rugged tools for everyday use FlexCam Series Feature packed for demanding applications PQ Scope Measurements Overview e 3 Voltage Unbalance e 10 Current Unbalance e 5 Frequency e 10 Voltage Nominal Supply 5 THD e 9 Power Factor 7 17 2014 Drive measurement Summary Now you know how to check the output side of the drive and the tools needed These tools help rule out issues that might be affecting the output side of the drive Saving time and money How much time did you spend trying to fix these kind of problems in the past How much time money do you think you can save by using a ScopeMeter and a therma
4. Alignment e Bearings e Imbalance e Looseness e Provides e Root cause of faults e Severity of failures e Location of faults Driven Component Fluke 810 Vibration Tester Diagnostic benefits of Thermal Imaging e Diagnostic benefit Identify hot spots cold spots or unexpected conditions faster Arrive at problems resolution faster Avoid damage to the motor drive motor driven components and connections Avoid catastrophic failure Extend motor life Fluke 125 Thermal Imager on ee _ LA N TAN X l l i d HT 1 Sis SS seminar series ee a Aw 2 SS di DRN N Refer to your seminar packet student reference materials
5. Il ScopeMeter eCapabilities continued Direct storage on internal memory e 15 waveform memory locations internal Stores Scope trace waveform data 4 traces each screen copy and corresponding setup Setup storage allows for instant configuration of tests Isolated USB host port for direct data storage to a USB memory device and easy PC communication USB memory devices expands storage and allows for personal library of measurement and setups Up to 7 hours of battery operation Rugged and shock proof What are the thermal signatures of key components in the motor drive output PLUKE En t3 e Thermal imagers can be used to scan the motor drive output to identify hot spots or abnormal heating conditions e Use a thermal imager to scan the component and look for irregular and non uniform thermal patterns or anomalies Interpreting the thermal signatures of key components in the motor drive output Motor Overheating Increase over Maximum Temperature Rating Insulation Life Reduced by 10 C 18 F 50 20 C 36 F 75 30 C 54 F 88 e High resistance connections phase imbalance and current overload contribute to variations in thermal signatures e Motor overheating can be caused by winding insulation and cooling problems e Diagnostic benefit Identify hot spots or anomalous conditions faster Avoid catastrophic failure Extend motor life
6. check the drive program e An incorrect volts per hertz ratio can create a variety of problem e High motor will overheat e Low Loss of torque e Unstable rough running motor and loss of torque e Unstable frequency Varying speed of the motor e Fluctuating in tandem potential loss of torque e Diagnostic benefit e Reduce excessive heating e Prevent loss of torque Fluke 190 Series Il ScopeMeter Capabilities Combines the power of a high performance oscilloscope and paperless recorder in an easy to use test tool Extend your troubleshooting capabilities by visually inspecting signals amplitude time shape and disturbance or distortion characteristics Connect and View triggering for intelligent automatic triggering on fast slow and even complex signals e Gives you an instant stable display Automatic capture of the last 100 screens to find one time anomalies e No user setup required Fluke 190 Series Il ScopeMeter e Capabilities continued e Four isolated floating channels Safely perform differential or floating measurements on multiple signals simultaneously up to 1000 V e TrendPlot records up to 16 days to catch intermittent faults e ScopeRecord helps you capture glitches as short as 8 ns e CAT III 1000 V CAT IV 600 V ratings Sately perform measurements on equipment that is permanently installed in plant electrical distribution systems Fluke 190 Series
7. introduce reactive power into a power system and typically cause lower power factors A measurement of less than 0 9 may incur financial penalties and require improvement due to contractual obligations with the utility A measurement from 0 9 to 1 indicates a well behaved motor drive e The power factor of a motor will vary depending on it s loading typically the closer to full load the better the power factor Circuits may have to be derated where a consistently low power factor occurs When thinking about low power factor think low efficiency it s costing more to run your equipment as the overall losses will be higher Diagnostic benefits e Identifying and correcting low power factor saves money on utility bills e Prevent voltage drops and overheating by identifying capacity restrictions Drive Line Side Measurements Recommendations Fluke 435 Power Quality Analyzer e With few simple connections the Fluke 435 can completely verify the condition of the power supply to the drive Nominal Voltage Unbalance Voltage Inrush Capture Transients Harmonics Power and Energy Logging Fluke Motors amp Drive Hands on Excercises PLUKE Fluke 435 Power Quality Analyzer e Capabilities Troubleshoot real time e Analyze the trends using the cursors and zoom tools Highest safety rating in the industry e 600 V CAT IV 1000 V CAT Ill rated for use at the service
8. standard 1000 V Cat III and 600 V Cat IV e Low pass filter Peak capture Min Max recording to name a few features Corrective Actions Symptom Measurements Solution Voltage level high Perform min max recording of Correct Drive s AC input low Bus fault the bus DC voltage and AC voltage improper operation ripple noise or Drive failure Improper operation rectifiers or filtering circuits Confirm Drive rating is compatible with the motor and load e Return on investment Hourly cost of downtime x number of hours Cost of replacement equipment Test equipment cost 3 500 Fluke 190 lII Measuring voltage unbalance e Measure the voltage on each terminal at the drive output e Next check the voltage at the motor terminals e Any unbalance could be problematic for the motor Use a Multimeter or ScopeMeter with a low pass filter function Vpwm to measure the effective voltage to the motor Calculating voltage unbalance Example 100 vormaces Fino voutace 442 AVERAGE lotor ae V 474 v 456 y 1372 Motor Load 6 1372 V a a N V 457V FIND LARGEST O FIND VOLTAGE VOLTAGE DEVIATION UNBALANCE Va V V v ze x 100 Ve 474 457 ee es v 100 V 17V u Jes Vi 0 0372 x 100 V 3 72 Voltage V unbalance Max deviation from average V average V x 100 The same calculation is used for current unbalance
9. FLUKE Measurement best practices for troubleshooting motors and drives FLUKE Safety Qualified Person and Motor Drive Installations Safety NFPA 70E Part Il Safety Related Work Practices Chapter 1 General Section 1 5 4 1 Qualified Persons e A qualified person understands the operation of test equipment and follows all manufacturer procedures Conditions vary at every instance FLUKE Category Ratings for test equipment Protected electronic equipment such as the high voltage section of a copier Receptacle connected loads such as home appliances and portable tools 3 distribution such as switchgear and poly phase motors in fixed installations 3 directly connected to utility Test meter certification Is the meter independently verified or just designed to meet RLUKE Poly phase systems in Cat Ill environments e Confirm the test instrument is rated for the use Drives are typically CAT Ill e Use test equipment you can properly operate with your PPE Test equioment is also part of Pre e Combining CAT III instruments with lower rated accessories e Short circuiting floating differential test points with a common ground non isolated multichannel input device FLUKE How We Are Going to Think About This Today e Line Side e Load Side e Driven Component Basic Inverter Technology M
10. a result of a too long cable e Make sure the level does not exceed the motor and cabling insulation ratings FLUKE Interpreting output reflection measurements 191 U LE L Ua D e a a a E e e B 500 U C 500 i0msJI rig AT a FILE SAUE RECALL fo IHT l OPTIOHS e Note the amplitude base and the faster time base e Screen shot on the left has faster time base e Diagnostic benefits e Prolong Drive and motor life e Avoid tripping overvoltage circuits e Reduce potential of cable and winding insulation breakdown Corrective Actions Symptom Measurements Solution Noisy motor Perform phase voltage Shorten cabling between the measurements Peak to peak Drive and the motor or Drive output Install low pass filter series voltage and Measure motor temperature line reactors or RC current faults impedance matching filter Measure winding resistance between the Drive and motor Shorten life of and insulation Drive cabling bearings and Vibration test for bearing motor health Rewind motor windings and cabling with higher insulation rating if reflections not reduced Replace bearings e Return on investment Hourly cost of downtime x number of hours Cost of replacement equipment Test equipment cost 3 500 Fluke 190 Il What ts shaft voltage e High frequency PWM voltages are coupled to the stator and shaft e When shaft voltage exceeds the insulating capa
11. bility of the bearing current flows through the bearing Bearing destruction within a few months of motor operation e Look for shaft voltage higher than 8 volts Breakdown voltage creates higher bearing flashover currents which causes increased damage to the bearings in a shorter amount of time Solutions include a shaft grounding device the most common conductive grease or insulated bearings e Diagnostic benefits Extend bearing life Avoid downtime and associated economic losses What is volt per hertz ratio y Constant Torque m Extra Torque r Extra Constant At Startup Torque 7 67 Whz l From Higher Voltage Load Voltage V Voltage V bi Voltage V e The ratio of voltage to frequency determines the amount of torque produced by an AC induction motor e By keeping this ratio constant the magnetic field inside the motor is kept at a constant level which results in a constant torque Measuring volt per hertz ratio Motor drive a e Use Fluke Scopemeter with Vowm function e Vpwm Replicates the amplitude of the fundamental frequency e Use current clamp to measure the frequency Fluke Scopemeters can simultaneously display the frequency of the pulse width modulation PWM output and a voltage comparable to the motor nameplate rating Interpreting volt per hertz ratio measurements e If V Hz ratio is correct but the speed is off
12. entrance Measure all three phases and neutral e With included four iflex flexible current probes with thin flex design to fit into the tightest places Automatic trending e Every measurement is always automatically recorded without any set up Automatic transient mode e Capture 200 kHz waveform data on all phases simultaneously up to 6 kV Fluke 435 Power Quality Analyzer e Capabilities continued System monitor e Ten power quality parameters on one screen according to EN50160 power quality standard Logger function e Configure for any test condition with memory for up to 600 parameters at user defined intervals View graphs and generate reports e with included analysis software Energy loss calculator e Active and reactive power measurements unbalance and harmonic power are quantified to pinpoint true system energy losses in dollars Fluke 435 Power Quality Analyzer e Capabilities continued PowerWave data capture e Capture fast half cycle RMS data and waveforms to characterize electrical system dynamics generator start ups UPS switching etc Waveform capture e Capture 120 cycles 60 Hz of each event that is detected in all modes without set up Easy to use powerful and complete e Charge the battery load the software and you are ready to go Input Power Summary By checking the input power first
13. fit Interpreting harmonics hoo Motor drive yf Disconnect _ al aas switch qs Tha il pl T pl gme r l t pall pall f 4 1o 13 15 f P j THODC 1 3 E Af i 120V _60H238 UYE _EH50160 a BEET GH OFF e RUN ie ogi m S S i A k a LV Main switchgear e Voltage THD Total Harmonic Distortion greater than 5 Is potentially problematic Diagnostic benefit Avoid repair costs from excessive harmonic distortion Avoid motor and transformer overheating Avoid voltage distortion Corrective Actions Drive faults of current Perform Harmonic and THD Installation of harmonic filters at voltage and overheating measurements working upstream main contributing circuits or loads toward the source and Distortion of voltage downstream towards other loads Correct improper operation of and or current waveforms to find the sources loads Overheat of transformers Redistribute single phase loads connections wiring among the three phase to reduce system components the harmonic effects breakers etc and loads High phase amp neutral currents e Return on investment e Hourly cost of downtime x number of hours Cost of replacement equipment e Test equipment cost 7 500 Fluke 435 What are the thermal signatures of key components in the motor drive input e Athermal signature indicates the apparent heat emi
14. l imager Next steps Talk to your distributor or Fluke representative about scheduling an on site demo Getting more product information or go to Fluke com to learn more about using a ScopeMeter to troubleshoot drives and control electronics wD r a E P A e Arrive at problem resolution faster e Prolong motor drive and motor life e Reduce potential of winding insulation breakdown e Avoid tripping overvoltage circuits Driven Components Vibration testing Why vibration testing Diagnosis Faults Extreme Motor Free End A Bearing Looseness Serious Motor Drive End I 7 Bearing Looseness Moderate Motor Drive End as Y 1 of 6 Repair Details History Details Next e Early Indicators of Machine Health Alignment In motor drivetrains it is how well centerline of two coupled shafts coincide Bearings Operating at reduced efficiency Imbalance Occurs when center of mass is not on center heavy spot Looseness Excessive clearance between parts or mountings that need tightening Fluke 810 Vibration Tester e With the Fluke 810 vibration testing is within reach It s easy to use Provides answers when you need them Includes everything you need to get started immediately e You will understand Root cause of faults and fix it right the first time Severity of failures and prioritize your repairs Locati
15. nt are easier to locate Intermittent are difficult since they can occur random Drives cabling and motors can suffer damage Interpreting transients Motor drive 1200 60H2 38 WYE SEURSORN zoom F C SOR 4 Main switchgear e Transients above nominal voltage are potentially problematic Check with your VFD user manual for exact specifications e Diagnostic benefit Prolong Drive and motor life Avoid tripping overvoltage circuits Identifying transients helps isolate building faults Corrective Actions Voltage high low Perform transient Correct bad connections fault improper measurements working wiring or ground operation or Drive upstream toward the source failure and downstream towards Repair or replace improperly other loads to find the source operating loads Installation of surge Suppressor or transient arrestor e Return on investment e Hourly cost of downtime x number of hours Cost of replacement equipment e Test equipment cost 7 500 Fluke 435 What are harmonics Disconnect switch 7 lt t i 7 Main switchgear e Harmonics are multiple frequency components of the fundamental waveform E g a third harmonic of 60Hz is 180Hz The fifth harmonic of 60Hz is 300HZz Harmonics create additional heat in the system and components They serve no bene
16. of transformer dropping in or out or separate feed for Drive Current unbalance Verify Voltage levels perform Correct unbalanced voltage fault or improper connection measurements levels poor connections or operation back to the source wiring errors e Return on investment e Hourly cost of downtime x number of hours Cost of replacement equipment e Test equipment cost 7 500 e Example 5 500 per hour x 4hrs 1 200 motor cost 23 200 Fluke 435 Input Power Summary e As little as 2 to 3 voltage unbalance on the input to a motor drive inverter can cause voltage notching and excessive current to flow in one or more phases e 10 current unbalance and you can start to have problems e Nominal voltage should be within 10 plus or minus of the intended voltage e Typical power distribution standards allow for deviations no more then 10 but standards vary by country and location e Nominal frequency should be within 0 5Hz of specification e This potential problem is most likely to occur when on backup power since generators can shift in frequency What are transients Captured waveform f i s Ry i a ms i R s i b Voltage Motor drive n i waveform zi Tolerance envelape e Transient temporary unwanted voltage on the AC line inputs Wide range of waveforms amplitudes and durations Consta
17. on of faults and focus your repair work e t requires minimal upfront investment but the Return on investment is significant Fluke 810 Vibration Tester ease of use a Enter description of the system to be tested MEN TE The 810 asks for basic machine information Next component Pump Its onboard Information feature gives field tips for setting up and taking A Press enter to change selection measurements Previous Next Page Page Fluke 810 prompts where to place the vibration sensor The step by step instructions for taking measurements means any team member can collect accurate data GaS Fix it right the first time Moderate Motor Drive nd E E The Fluke 810 identifies the root cause its location and how severe the problem is Fluke 810 Vibration Tester e Capabilities On board diagnosis and location of mechanical faults e Bearings looseness misalignment unbalance and other nonstandard faults Fault severity scale e Slight Moderate Serious and Extreme Prioritized repair recommendations Diagnostic details include e cited peaks and vibration spectra Context Sensitive Help Data export for more detailed Analysis Laser tachometer for accurate machine running speed 100 mV g TEDS tri axial accelerometer Data storage and tracking with VIEWER Software 8 hours battery life rechargeable Driven Component Measurement Tests e IRT Insulation Resistance Te
18. otor load e 3 Phase AC is rectified DC voltage is used by the e Motor produces torque to provide a constant electronic switches gates and motion controlling DC voltage Controlling the on off time of the mechanical load Residual ripple and the electronic switches creates noise is filtered out an output PWM pulse width modulated signal that is voltage and frequency controlled FLUKE Potential Problems We Will Learn How To Test amp Measure Problems DC Buss Voltage Unbalance Current Unbalance Output Transients Reflections Shaft Voltage bearing current Volt to Hertz Ratio DC to AC converter Cable Motor load Mechanical output Motor overload Single phasing Bearing failures Misalignment Mechanical imbalance Looseness Insulation breakdown What is nominal supply voltage current and frequency frequency a Disconnect i switch _ J a e Nominal supply voltage current and frequency are the characteristics of the voltage supplied to the motor drive under normal operating conditions e Measure using the 435 PQ meter to measure the input side of the drive then if needed at the service entrance Don t forget to check for voltage drops across connections that would indicate loose connections FLUKE Interpreting nominal voltage current and frequency 60 00 Hz Motor drive e To test for line side under over voltage
19. otor and load e e Return on investment woe e Hourly cost of downtime x number of hours Cost of replacement equipment e e Test equipment cost 3 500 Fluke 190 lII What are output reflections Captured P i Motox drive waveform Yeo Tolerance i Bh envelope r N Lar 6 lt Voltage mi waveform F Main switchgear e Occur as a result of impedance mismatch or change in the current transmission path e Show up as spikes on the lead and or falling edges of the wave shapes on an oscilloscope display e To use an analogy consider what happens to a garden sprinkler when the flow of water is momentarily changed by someone or something stepping on the rubber pipe e The pressure at the sprinkler head changes peaking as the built up pressure is released Measuring output reflections e Overvoltage reflections can only be measured with an oscilloscope e A four channel version is recommended e Attach the scope to motor terminals e Typically we can not detect transients with a digital multimeter because the duration is extremely short too fast for the capture time of a typical multimeter FLUKE Interpreting output reflection measurements e Reflections gt 50 of nominal voltage are problematic and can be 2 to 3 times the DC bus voltage e Fast switching DC voltage from the IGBT dV dt e Reflections of the PWM signal are
20. ster e Unbalance DMM Clamp e Mechanical Balance Vibration tester e Alignment Alignment tool or Vibration tester e Looseness Vibration tester e Bearing Wear Vibration tester e Temperature Infrared gun or Thermal Imager Driven Component Summary lf not diagnosed and corrected alignment bearings imbalance and looseness can accelerate wear of motors and other mechanical equipment e They can also create catastrophic failure safety problems and damage close proximity equipment How much time did you spend trying to fix these kind of problems in the past How much time money do you think you can save PEM ECRANE Wee by using a Vibration analyzer like the 810 Avoid overheating and failure Next steps ffici d e Talk to your distributor or Fluke representative about TAPENE Cn ADS scheduling an on site demo power consumption e Getting more product information go to Fluke com to e Reduce downtime and learn more about using a Vibration tester to economic losses troubleshoot mechanical equipment Lecture Conclusion Motor load Core temperatures Me Drive amp Drive output chanical Quality with with Fluke 190 io Fluke Thermal Vikranonswih Fluke 435 Series Il ScopeMeter ae Fluke 810 Diagnostic benefits of Input Power e Measuring nominal supply voltage current and ne e Arrive at problem resolution faster e Avoid nuisance inverter low voltage fault circui
21. t tripping e Avoid damage to the Drive e Unbalance measurements e Avoid tripping current overload fault protection e Avoid elevated motor temperatures e Transients e Prolong Drive and motor life e Avoid tripping overvoltage circuits Input Power e Identifying transients helps isolate building faults Quality with e Harmonics Fluke 435 e Avoid repair costs from excessive harmonic distortion e Avoid motor and transformer overheating e Power Factor e identifying and correcting low power factor saves money on utility bills e Prevent voltage drops and overheating by identifying capacity restrictions FLUKE Diagnostic benefits of Drive amp Drive Output e Measuring voltage unbalance e Avoid tripping current overload fault protection e Avoid elevated motor temperatures e Avoid causing current unbalance e Current unbalance measurements e Avoid tripping current overload fault protection e Avoid elevated motor temperatures e Current unbalance can lead to burnt windings e Measuring output reflections e Prolong Drive and motor life k y e Avoid tripping overvoltage circuits Drive amp Drive e Reduce potential of cable and winding insulation breakdown output with e Volts per hertz ratio measurements Fluke 190 Series e Reduce excessive heating ll ScopeMeter e Prevent loss of torque Diagnostic benefits of Motor amp Drive Train e Vibration testing e Diagnostic benefit e Early Indicators of Machine Health e
22. tted from the surface of an object e Thermal signatures can highlight temperature hotspots or deviations from normal operating conditions Interpreting the thermal signatures of key components in the motor drive input e Use a thermal imager to scan the component and look for irregular and non uniform thermal patterns or anomalies e Diagnostic benefit Identify hot spots cold spots or unexpected conditions faster and safer than contact measurements alone Arrive at problem resolution faster Avoid damage to the motor drive What is power factor Resistive load Inductive load Capacitive load Disconnect switch 7 a e Energy is the capacity to do work e Power factor is the ratio of the active power W used in an AC circuit to the apparent power VA in the circuit PF Watts Volts Amps Interpreting power factor DEMO gt 0 00 15 2x Motor drive j Disconnect IH Vine switch s P ll pl Main switchgear e A power factor of less than 1 indicates that the circuit is not operating at full efficiency e A measurement of less than 0 9 indicates a potential problem Power factor should be measured for at least 24 hours anytime changes are made to the power system Power factor A purely resistive load ex a heater has a power factor of 1 0 Inductive loads such as motors transformers and high intensity lighting
23. using a 435 in the dips and swells mode for long term measurements Nominal voltage should be within 10 Nominal frequency should be within 0 5Hz e Diagnostic benefit Arrive at problem resolution faster Avoid nuisance inverter low voltage fault circuit tripping Avoid damage to the Drive What do we mean when we say voltage and current unbalance Motor drive Main switchgear e Occurs when three phase voltages or current differ in magnitude e 2 to 3 line side voltage imbalance has the potential to cause drive problems Interpreting unbalance DEMO gt 0 01 15 E Ge F Une Anes z Unbali 9 1 8 4 15 7 l f Motor drive 5 C Ta A Ufund 1140 854 887 05 Hz BU TE Disconnect L lt al 0 122 24 125 dn swith A U 8 15 D0 0 f CY A B C Afund 27 a6 aT o 01708703 06 56 50 Voltage unbalance Greater than 2 3 is potentially problematic Current unbalance Greater than 10 is potentially problematic If these situations exists verify the Drive is capable of compensating for the unbalance by making measurements on the output Diagnostic benefit Avoid tripping current overload fault protection Avoid elevated motor temperatures Corrective Actions Voltage unbalance Perform voltage Correct bad connections or fault or improper measurements working back wiring operation toward the source Look for single phase load Increase KVA
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