English - Metabolic Foundation
Contents
1. 1 piece about 40 cm long measure this for your specific tank the length should be the same as the height of the bottom of the inlet hole you drilled minus about 10 cm When connected this piece will drain water from near the bottom of the tank when it fills Ill After each cut file or sand the edges of the pipe to get rid of small pieces of plastic and smooth the edges page 23 of 28 Storage tank construction m 000a Step 39 Gather and lay out your pieces of pipe and fittings and do a dry fit attach them to each other on a table to make sure that everything fits and nothing is missing ll The pipes should connect as shown above lll Take the pieces of pipe apart and prepare to install them in the storage tank barrel Step 40 As you did for the other barrels you will first con nect the inlet and outlet fittings for the storage tank Il Wrap a layer of teflon tape around an inner threaded connection piece Ill Put a gasket around it and screw it into the inlet of the settling tank IV Put another gasket around the other side inside the barrel V Screw an outer threaded connection piece onto the inner piece and tighten the two together with one hand on each until the seal is tight between the gaskets and the sides of the barrel VI For the outlet repeat the process but in the op posite direction with the inner threaded connection inserted outward from the inside to th2. I NV A HOME WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM guide for construction and use ANNY Bi METABOLIC FOUNDATION THAILAB Version 1 June 2014 produced by Thailab and Metabolic Foundation Thailab Introduction System overview Tools needed Materials 25 27 28 Construction guide 11 settling tanks 15 biofilter 23 storage tank User manual 25 initial use 25 cleaning and maintenance 26 monitoring Datasheet Contact information Introduction What is a greywater treatment system A greywater treatment system is an installation which improves household water which was used for uses other than the toilet such as laundry dish washing cleaning or showering The treated water is then safe to discharge into the environment or to be re used for non drinking uses such as cleaning laundry irrigation or dish washing What can treated water be used for Water can be used for watering plants and cleaning as well as laundry and dishwashing Treated water can also be simply discharged into the nearby water bodies as before but with decreased nutrients and fewer negative environmental effects Note water from this system should not be used for drinking without further treatment sufficient to meet drinking water quality standards Greywater treatment Why treat greywater In many households greywater is not treated and is discharged directly into nearby water bodies or into the groun
3. Add a handful of sand to a clear water bottle fill it with water and shake for 10 seconds lll After 4 seconds if you can see the surface of the sand from the side and the water is not clear it is clean enough IV If you cannot see the surface it should be rinsed as you did with the rocks and gravel V Be careful not to rinse it too much Step 28 Using tap water thoroughly rinse out the tank to remove any residue or plastic shavings ll To begin layering the biofilter add 10cm of clean water to the bottom of the empty barrel Ill Pour in 5cm of rocks and gravel starting with the biggest ones and ending with the smallest IV Spread each layer evenly across the entire bot tom Step 29 Add clean water up to 5cm below the outlet Il Pour in bags of coarse sand until it reaches a level 5cm below the outlet using a plank to level it Ill Ideally the layer of sand should be at least 45cm if it is less it will be less effective IV If you want you can use fine sand for the top 5cm of sand to decrease the flow rate V You can also use a mixture of sand and carbon in the bottom 5cm of sand to improve capture of odors and chemicals Filling the biofilter Step 30 Connect the irrigation system to the inlet with the small holes facing down and make sure it is support ed 5cm above the sand layer Il Make sure that no part of it touches the sand Step 31 Add coconut fiber strips to
4. hose clamp for flexible pipe or glue for PVC attach the outlet from the sink to the system IV If necessary use an appropriate adapter Step 35 I Turn on the water CONGRATULATIONS You have built a system that will treat your household wastewater Thailab Storage tank construction Step 36 Identify where the water will enter the storage tank ll This should be at the same level as the outlet of the biofilter Ill Measure the height and mark it on each side of the storage tank with a pencil Step 37 As you did with the other barrels drill two holes on opposite sides of the storage tank at the points you marked earlier Il The hole should be able to tightly fit the thread ed pipe connections and should be approximately 40mm in diameter Ill Remember it is better to drill a slightly smaller hole and to use a file to make it wider until it fits the pipe perfectly IV IMPORTANT make sure that all the inflow and outflow pipes are at the same level and are the same size so that the system does not overflow Greywater treatment optional Step 38 Using a hacksaw cut some pieces of straight pipe to connect the various fittings of the biofilter and to build a structure to gently distribute the entering water Il For the tank you will need 1 piece about 10 cm long to connect to the drainage pipe 5 2 pieces about 4 5 cm long to connect to the inlet and outlet
5. needed 1 power drill 10 small buckets 4 5 liters 2 drill bits 11 large buckets 3mm 8mm and 40mm diameter 20 30 liters 3 small saw or hacksaw 12 dust mask 4 coarse sandpaper 13 friends 5 rounded file 14 sand sifter optional for separating large rocks 6 tape measure 7 utility knife 8 pencil or marker 9 rubber gloves al NON i Greywater treatment page 5 of 28 Materials PVC pipes and connections all 40mm or 112 size dai E COD SS J e 4m of straight pipe elbow connections 1 for each settling tank 5 for each biofilter 1 for each storage tank 2 for overflow drainage T shaped connections 1 for each settling tank 1 for each biofilter Inner threaded connections 2 per tank biofilter outer threaded connections 2 per tank biofilter gaskets 4 per tank biofilter flexible pipe adapter and or funnel to connect to sink as required Plumbing supplies Thailab PVC pipe glue PTFE teflon tape Tanks Materials 50L barrels 1 for each settling tank with removable lids 200L barrel 1 for each biofilter with open top 150 L barrel 1 for each storage tank Alternative materials can also be used such as cement tanks Make sure the material will not leach into the water The biofilter needs at least 60cm of height to function properly Additional biofilter materials Greywater treatment 8 10 vetiver grass plants Chrysopogon zizanioides about
6. sec ond biofilter gp ae ae ean A eee 2 S oust l j aa _ Greywater treatment page 15 of 28 Biofilter construction Step 14 Identify where the water will enter the biofilter Il This should be at the same level as the outlet of the last settling tank Ill Measure the height and mark it on each side of the biofilter with a pencil Step 15 As you did with the settling tanks drill two holes on opposite sides of the biofilter at the points you marked earlier ll The hole should be able to tightly fit the threaded pipe connections and should be approximately 40 mm in diameter Ill Remember it is better to drill a slightly smaller hole and to use a file to make it wider until it fits the pipe perfectly IV IMPORTANT make sure that all the inflow and outflow pipes are at the same level and are the same size so that the system does not overflow Thailab enm pE MLA 2mm Step 16 Using a hacksaw cut some pieces of straight pipe to connect the various fittings of the biofilter and to build a structure to gently distribute the entering water Il For each biofilter you will need 1 piece about 10 cm long to connect to the next tank 5 2 pieces about 4 5 cm long to connect fit tings directly to the inlet and outlet 1 piece about 40 cm long measure this for your
7. 4 bags of coarse sand about bag of fine sand 3 5 bags of activated charcoal pieces about 1 bag of coarse gravel page 7 of 28 Materials Additional biofilter materials Thailab gt 3 5 bags of coconut fiber about 3 bags of chopped coconut fiber 2m plastic fabric mesh cable ties or plastic string 2m flexible plastic tubing tylene support structure materials price varies depending on material e g low cost wooden pallet bamboo and wire or free scrap materials Initial measurements Step 1 Measure the distance between the sink drain and the ground below it ll If there is no sink measure the highest comfortable height to pour wastewater into the treatment system by hand Ill Check if the ground is level If it is not level either prepare it to be level or make sure you account for the slope as you construct your water system Re member that water needs to flow downhill IV If the available space is less than 40cm try to raise the sink up higher or add a pump to bring the water up from the sink drain to the treatment system Alternatively a hole can be dug to hold to lower the water treatment system to below ground level Greywater treatment e a Step 2 Measure the flow of wastewater that you will treat by placing a large bucket under the sink to collect it Il Empty the bucket each time it fills and count how many times it fills during t
8. cover the entire surface of sand up to the top of the irrigation system Il Alternatively you can also use rice husks pearl ite or fireclay all available at gardening stores Rice husks and coconut fiber are more likely to be available from re used sources as they are common agricultural waste products Ill Cover up to 3cm over the irrigation system with coconut fiber IV Add smaller pieces of coconut fiber to the top layer to keep mosquitoes out of the water V NOTE coconut fiber can initially give the water a reddish color VI TIP you can add a layer of EM effective microor ganisms to the top of the sand in order to jumpstart the bacterial growth Greywater treatment Planting the biofilter We used vetiver grass for the biofilter but oth er plants can also be used Plants that grow in local wetlands are good choices It is better not to use edible plants Depending on your waste water the plants can filter out chemicals nu trients and some metals A plant lookup tool for the US can be found here http www conteches com products bio filter plant lookup aspx Step 32 Rinse the soil off the roots of the plants Il Place them in the coconut fiber evenly spaced around the tank Ill Do not put the plants directly above the irrigation system as it can lead to clogging IV Make sure the plants are held securely in place with the coconut fiber V You do not have to bury the roots very d
9. d Untreated greywater can have negative impacts on environmental surface water because of high levels of nutrients which increase processes of eutrophication in water and because of food waste bacteria and oil which can cause unpleasant smells Soaps and detergents can also carry other chemicals that are harmful to water based fish and plants Water is also becoming a scarce resource in many places especially cities where watersheds are overburdened and under served Recycling water improves the sustainability of the city by decreasing water extraction and when combined with urban ag riculture increasing water recharge and decreasing peak flows All while saving households money page 3 of 28 System overview N ZNZN4 S DONS XY N bs 2 The system consists of three main components The first is a simple screen placed in the sink to remove large pieces of food 1 The second involves holding the wastewater in a tank for a period of time to allow for solids to settle to the bottom 2 and oil and grease to float to the top 3 Thailab ce 4 STRAINING SETTLING OIL REMOVAL BIOFILTER The water then moves into the third component the biofilter which uses plants and good bacteria to remove nutrients harmful bacteria and other chemicals from the water 4 After this the water can be can be safely discharged or stored and re used for other purpos es as needed Tools
10. d about 45cm x 45cm of space Limited space suggestions A more compact stacked or underground system could be implemented using a pump 5 The vertical system arrangement is well suited to treat water from second floor sources Convert the space above the settling tanks into a table or drying rack Settling tank construction We suggest using two settling tanks to provide efficient settling of solids and grease collection One person house holds or households that don t cook often might be successful with one set tling tank and larger households or businesses such as restaurants might benefit from either additional settling tanks or larger settling tanks Parts needed FOR EACH TANK 1 50L barrel 1m straight PVC pipe 1 elbow connection 1 T connection 2 inner threaded connections 2 outer threaded connections 4 gaskets Support structure materials Greywater treatment page 11 of 28 Settling tank construction Step 4 Identify where the water will enter the first settling tank ll This should be at a point where the side of the barrel is fairly flat so that the pipes can easily con nect to other parts of the system Ill Mark the point with a pencil Step 5 If necessary make a support structure to lift the settling tanks so that the inlet is about 3cm below the sink or other wastewater drain level Il If the sink or drain is fairly high it is ok to keep the s
11. d to make soap or alternatively sold to grease collectors Greywater treatment Floating food bits can be scooped out and put through a strainer with the collected solids put into the trash or compost and the water put back into the settling tank The solids at the bottom of the settling tank should be cleaned out every 1 3 months depending on how much it is used and how many solids build up A stick can be inserted into the tank to check how much solids are at the bottom Using rubber gloves scoop out the water in the tank with a bucket and place it in anoth er bucket or tank The solids can then be taken off the bottom with a garden shovel or similar After cleaning it the water can be poured back into the system These solids can be thrown away dried in the sun to make fertilizer or composted WARNING it stinks BIOFILTER The vetiver grass needs to be cut every month If it grows a lot this is an indication of high nutrient loads and should be cut more often TIP the leaves of vetiver grass can be used to make woven products page 25 of 28 User manual Mead Monitoring Thailab Make sure the outgoing water is clear and doesn t have solids oil or grease in it If there are solids after 1 month you should add an additional or larger settling tank Make sure the water smells normal If it smells unpleasant you can add charcoal into the collection tank If it still smells bad after two days you
12. e inner and outer pieces do not thread tightly more layers of teflon tape can be added to make it tight Greywater treatment tore 3 tc Step 19 Connect the interior fittings for the outlet as shown in the illustration applying about 2cm of glue to the outer surface of the end of each piece of straight pipe Il Make sure that there is 2cm of space from the bottom of the barrel to the pipe Ill The outlet will draw water from near the bottom of the biofilter IV The inlet will distribute water through a system of pipes to be built and installed in the following sections page 17 of 28 Irrigation system construction TERE nj Eog l na We made a square PVC pipe irrigation system Flexible pipes can also be used but must be properly supported to distribute water evenly at the correct height It is important that the irrigation system does not touch the sand and that it gently and evenly distributes water into the biofilter Step 20 Measure the distance from the inlet fitting to the elbow at the outlet Il Subtract about 5cm and write this number down Ill This is the length Call it L Thailab Step 21 Measure the distance across the barrel just before the elbow Il Check that this distance is the same as that at the other side of the barrel near the inlet lll If they are different u
13. e outside of the barrel VII If the inner and outer pieces do not thread tightly more layers of teflon tape can be added to make it tight Thailab Poor optional om pun aoa Step 41 Connect the interior fittings for the outlet as shown applying about 2cm of glue to the edge of each piece of straight pipe Step 42 Connect the inlet of the storage tank to the outlet of the biofilter using the 10cm pipe you cut earlier Il Connect the outlet of the storage tank to the drainage pipe using appropriate pipe fittings and adapters Initial use It will take about a month before the system is fully up and running during this time you can connect the outflow to your previous drainage system During the first weeks some of the sand and coconut husk might flush out of the system so the water might appear red or dirty After two weeks to a month a healthy layer of bacteria will form in the biofilter This will remove chemicals and bad bacteria from your water After this the water can be used for washing irrigation or putting into the environment Cleaning and maintenance SETTLING TANKS Oil should be cleaned out of the settling tanks once a month for households and twice a month for restaurants This can be done using rubber gloves and a plastic cup or spoon to scrape off the top layer of oil It can then be put into a glass jar or bottle for storage TIP The oil can be use
14. eep the plants will do that themselves page 21 of 28 Connecting everything l Once you have everything built connect the tanks in sequence Il It is best to start from the biofilter and work back wards as the biofilter is heavy and will not easily move Ill Use one 10cm pipe as a link between each pair of tanks IV Gluing these pieces in place is optional If you decide to glue it it will be more difficult to remove or insert components into the system in the future If you decide not to glue it you must be sure to push the pipe on firmly for a tight fit If you notice any leaks you will need to either push the pipe on tighter or add some glue V Put about 1cm of glue around one end of the first pipe if you are gluing and insert it into the biofilter VI Put glue on the other end of the same pipe if you are gluing and attach the outlet end of the sec ond settling tank VII Be sure to firmly press the connection together VIII Repeat the connection steps for the first settling tank IX Be sure to attach the settling tanks in the right orientation with the inlet side having the downward elbow and the outlet side having the T connection Step 34 If you have a sink or other existing wastewater pipe you will need to connect it to the system now ll Using a flexible hose or series of PVC pipes and fittings you will need to align the outlet with the entrance of the system Ill With a
15. emble the water distribution system as shown without using glue Il Push the connections together firmly for a tight fit lll If the pipes do not make a nice rectangle cut any that are too long until it fits together IV Make sure that the rectangle fits into the biofilter between the inlet and outlet with the T connection facing the inlet If it is too big cut the pieces shorter so that it fits i F Paa Cora Sg EY Step 25 Drill about 180 drainage holes of 3mm diameter spaced 30mm apart in the bottom of the irrigation system in 3 or 4 rows Il Drill 5 10 overflow holes of 8 mm diameter spaced evenly around the top of the irrigation sys tem to allow water to escape at high flow volume Ill Do not install the irrigation system yet it will be added in the next section page 19 of 28 Filling the biofilter Before you fill the biofilter with gravel and sand be sure that it is in the right location Once you fill it the biofilter will be extremely heavy and difficult to move Step 26 Clean the rocks and gravel by rinsing in a buck et using clear water until you can see the rocks through the water Il DO NOT USE SOAP Ill You can separate bigger rocks from smaller rocks and layer them in the biofilter from largest to smallest to create a more even flow Thailab Step 27 Make sure the your sand is clean enough Il
16. ettling tank at a lower level Thailab Step 6 Drill holes in the settling tanks at the point identi fied in Step 4 Il The hole should be able to tightly fit the threaded connections and should be approximately 40mm in diameter Ill If you do not have the right size drill bit it is better to drill or cut a smaller hole and make it wider until it fits the pipe perfectly A rounded file can be used to do this The inner threaded connection should be used to check the size IV Drill two holes in each settling tank V If you are placing the tanks in a straight line they should be on opposite sides of each tank at the same height VI If you are arranging the tanks differently drill the holes so that they will connect to each other VII Most plastic barrels have a seam that runs where the two halves were joined when it was made You can use this as a guide to align holes that you need to drill on opposing sides Settling tank construction a m0 00 DD amA Pe 0 a H Step 7 l Using a hacksaw cut some pieces of straight pipe to connect to the various fittings of the settling tanks Il For each barrel you will need 1 piece about 10cm long to connect to the next tank s 2 pieces about 4 5cm long to connect fittings directly to the inlet and outlet 1 piece about 20cm long measure this for your specific tank the length should be the same as the height of the inlet hole you drilled minu
17. g VIII This will filter out larger solids like food scraps that get into the system so that they can be easily com posted or discarded Thailab IX A piece of mesh can also be secured across the opening at the top of the outlet with a hose clamp so that food scraps and grease will not exit the settling tank This is only necessary if the rate of inflow is high enough for the water in the settling tank to reach this level If this happens often the mesh will need to be cleaned periodically Step 12 l Drill one 8mm hole in the lid of each settling tank Il This will permit gases to exit the tank Step 13 Connect the tanks together using the remaining 10cm pieces you cut earlier Il Make sure that everything fits nicely and that the tanks are level Ill Once everything is lined up glue the connecting pipes in place Biofilter construction j Parts needed FOR EACH BIOFILTER v 1 200L open top barrel 2m straight pipe Ld YD 5 elbow connections H yj 3 1 T connection A 2 inner threaded connections H 2 outer threaded connections Ay 4 gaskets EVR i 1 bag coarse gravel SS 4 2 5 bags charcoal T Ti 4 bags coarse sand See bag fine sand de 6 8 bags coconut fiber 8 10 vetiver plants Se ae ae or Ce ee Fl es 7 i J A Wy l We suggest starting off with one biofilter and if the treated water is still smelly or cloudy after one month adding a
18. he day Ill If it is only partly full at the end of the day esti mate how full it is and write down the total number of buckets of wastewater collected during the day IV Multiply the number of buckets by the volume of the bucket V Do this for at least 3 days and calculate the aver age VI This will be used to decide how large your system should be VII If the volume of the bucket is not known use a water bottle to pour water into the bucket until it is full Count how many bottles it takes and multiply this by the volume of the water bottle to get the volume of the bucket page 9 of 28 Initial measurements Step 3 Measure the area where you want to put the water treatment system It will need to be 2 5 3m in length and 55cm wide If the area is smaller or dif ferently shaped you will need to arrange your tanks differently Il Calculate what size your system should be Your system should be able to hold a day of water in the settling tanks s Use the volume of water per day that you measured in Step 2 to determine how big your settling tanks should be or how many For example if you use 100L of water in a day you can use two 50L settling tanks Thailab Ill Plan how you will fit the components of the sys tem into the space keeping in mind that The settling tanks each need 40cm x 40cm of space The biofilter s will need about 55cm x 55cm of space g The storage tank will nee
19. ide of the barrel VI Ifthe female and male pieces do not thread tightly more layers of teflon tape can be added to make it tight Step 10 Connect the interior fittings together as shown above applying about 2cm of glue to the outer sur face of the end of each piece of straight pipe Il The exit should have a space for air to enter above the location of the holes which is where the surface of the water will be and the grease and oil will collect Ill The exit should have a space for air to enter above the location of the holes which is where the surface of the water will be and the grease and oil will collect IV The exit should also have a tube going down so that water leaving the tank will come from the mid dle layer and not include solids or oil and grease page 13 of 28 Settling tank construction Step 11 optional l Cut a piece of plastic mesh that is 1m x 1m for each settling tank or bigger to fit your settling tanks Il Fold the piece in half Ill Fold the bottom edge the short side over twice about 2cm IV Stitch together with string or plastic cable ties one every 10cm V Do the same for the long edge VI Bend a piece of 1m plastic tubing into a circle and attach to the top opening of the bag using string or plastic cable ties VII Fit the completed bag into the settling tank with the inlet tube directed into the middle of the bag and the outlet tube outside of the ba
20. rnment or university to have the water tested if you suspect heavy metals in your water Alternatively heavy metal test kits can be bought online at http kyoritsu lab co jp english seihin list packtest index html Datasheet Date Alkalinity Nitrate Nitrite Dissolved flow turbidity cleaned NO NO oxygen DO 8 June 2014 8 5 720 300 1 5 odorless low clear biofilter rebuilt on June 6th Greywater treatment page 27 of 28
21. s about 15cm This piece directs the water that flows in to go to the bottom of the tank but not so far that it stirs up the sediment 1 piece about 10cm long for the grease trap water intake 1 piece about 5 5cm long for the grease trap air intake Ill After each cut file or sand the edges of the pipe to get rid of small pieces of plastic and smooth the edges Step 8 Gather and lay out your pieces of pipe and fittings and do a dry fit attach them to each other on a table to make sure that everything fits and nothing is missing Il The pipes should look as shown in the top figure for each settling tank lll Take the pieces of pipe apart and prepare to install them in the settling tank barrel Greywater treatment _ C Taa malas ee ee Step 9 For each settling tank wrap a layer of teflon tape around one of the inner threaded connection pieces Il Put a gasket around it and screw it into the inlet of the settling tank Ill Put another gasket around the other side inside the barrel IV Screw a female threaded connection piece onto the male piece and tighten the two pieces together with one hand on each piece until the seal is tight between the gaskets and the sides of the barrel V For the outlet of each settling tank repeat the process but in the opposite direction with the male threaded connection inserted outward from the inside to the outs
22. se the lower number IV Subtract about 3cm and write this number down V This is the width Call it W Step 22 Measure the width that the T connection will occu py in the width of the structure Il This will be the width across the top of the T con nection minus two times the depth into which a pipe fits into each side usually about 2cm Ill Write this number down Call it T Irrigation system construction L aor i Step 23 i m l Using a hacksaw cut some pieces of straight pipe to build the irrigation system ll The lengths are calculated using the measure ments in the previous steps where D is the diameter of pipe that you are using about 40mm as follows 2 pieces for the sides should be L 2xD cm long about 20cm for a 200L barrel This is the length minus the space for two elbows at the corners 1 piece for the long edge should be W 8 cm long about 25cm for a 200L barrel This is the width minus the space for two elbows 2 pieces for either side of the T connection should be W T 2xD 2 cm long about 9cm This is the width minus the size of the T connection minus the space for elbows and divided into two pieces Ill After each cut file or sand the edges of the pipe to get rid of small pieces of plastic and smooth the edges Cc Greywater treatment sT Ii CO cK gt Doro 5 Step 24 Ass
23. should add another bio filter to the system You can get test strips for pH nitrate NO3 nitrite NO2 alkalinity and hardness at scientific supply stores or online at http www legaeng com WaterQuality High hardness is bad for the plants but decreases the dissolved metals in water environment High nitrate and nitrite levels are bad for environmental water but good for plants and gardening High nutrients won t have negative effects for the irrigational or cleaning use Ammonia in particular is a strong cleaning agent and nitrogens and phosphates are powerful fertilizers High nutrient levels can have negative im pacts on environmental water quality of the canal If water is discharged into the canal plants can be added to the biofilter or aquaponic plants directly in collection tank to decrease the nutrient load Low pH levels lt 6 are bad for both plants and the environment High pH levels gt 8 are generally not a problem for plants but in crease the toxicity of ammonia NH3 for fish patel 3 3 4 7 optimal for mosquito larvae limits for the most resistant fish species fish eggs can hatch but deformed young are often produced this range is tolerated by trout tolerable range for most fish optimal for algae High alkalinity will help to stabilize the pH Low alkalinity means the water will be sensi tive to factors affecting pH particularly acid rain Contact your local gove
24. specific tank the length should be the same as the height of the bottom of the inlet hole you drilled minus about 5 cm When connected this piece will draw filtered water from about 2 cm above the bottom of the biofilter in the drainage layer Ill After each cut file or sand the edges of the pipe to get rid of small pieces of plastic and smooth the edges zy Biofilter construction AOO PEDE Step 17 Gather and lay out your pieces of pipe and fittings and do a dry fit attach them to each other on a table to make sure that everything fits and nothing is missing Il The pipes should look as shown in the above figure lll Take the pieces of pipe apart and prepare to install them in the biofilter barrel Step 18 As you did for the settling tanks you will first con nect the inlet and outlet fittings for the biofilter Il Wrap a layer of teflon tape around an inner threaded connection piece Ill Put a gasket around it and screw it into the inlet of the settling tank IV Put another gasket around the other side inside the barrel V Screw an outer threaded connection piece onto the inner piece and tighten the two together with one hand on each until the seal is tight between the gaskets and the sides of the barrel VI For the outlet repeat the process but in the op posite direction with the inner threaded connection inserted outward from the inside to the outside of the barrel VII If th
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