MayaDate User`s Manual
Contents
1. thing In keeping with standard practice all LCs in this document will use the leading zero convention and will be presented as five Mayan digits thus 01 02 03 04 05 with appropriate values Back to Top Tutorial Calendric periods The Mayan calendar consists of several independent major and minor periods all running concurrently We have the same situation in our modern world with the Gregorian Chinese 22 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Jewish and other calendars all advancing in lock step We re generally not as aware of this Situation as the Maya were The Long Count Definition The Long Count is the number of days which have elapsed from some date in antiquity continuing into the far future The preceding comments apply directly to the expression of dates in the Long Count The LC is just a number expressed in standard form The least significant digit equals one day a Kin in Maya the next higher digit equals 20 days a Uinal etc However the Maya threw us a curve just so we wouldn t get too cockey Each Mayan digit in the LC can have a value from 0 through 19 with one exception The second digit from the right only goes from 0 to 17 The two low order digits can have values from 90 00 through 17 19 inclusive So the LC date following 00 00 00 17 19 i1800 00 01 00 00 Limiting the number of Uinals to 18 divides the LC into years of 360 days 18 months of 20 days This is one of se2. 0 0 0 0 10 Ahaw 8 Sip 14 Dec 9 897 AD The two lines above Current Calculations are taken from the Information area of the Main Screen as described previously Back to Top Print Current Values The Print Current Values function is used to record the current calculations in a concise format Unlike the Print Screen function Print Current Values does not require a graphic capable printer All output is text The printout looks like this 24 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Output of MayaDate 4 00 03 04 Mar 2007 printed 08 Mar 2007 6 09 PM Demonstration screen LC CR Correlation 0 0 0 0 0 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u Distance Number Calculations Julian 584 285 Sum 0 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u 8 Sep 3 114 BC L 1 5 Imix 9 Kumk u 9 Sep 3 114 BC Difference 0 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u 8 Sep 3 114 BC 1 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 17 19 3 Kawak 7 Kumk u 7 Sep 3 114 BC The two lines above Current Calculations are taken from the Information area of the Main Screen as described previously Back to Top Tutorial How Do I This section describes methods for performing common tasks Note that all CR presentations depend on the LC CR correlation setting The displayed values will change if that correlation is changed Back to Top How Do I Find the CR corresponding to a given LC e Enter the LC in the text box and click Base Date or press Alt B The LC and its associated C
3. Find possible CRs for a partial LC Calculate the distance between two CRs Find the modern date for a Mayan date Find the minor associations for an LC Appendices Correlating Modern Calendars with the Mayan calendar Period Names and Spellings This document provides internal hyperlinks for navigation All of the links should render in blue Some browsers will not honor this setting Even if they re black they should display an underline when the mouse cursor is over the link Whether blue or black they may display an underscore at all times What it does MayaDate performs addition and subtraction in the Mayan calendars and presents the results ina concise and readable format It s a research tool which gives you unprecedented flexibility in working with the inscriptions The Mayan calendar is a complex set of interlocking periods MayaDate supports all of these including the 260 day 360 day and 365 day years plus the 819 day cycle the 9 lords of the night and the four colors and directions MayaDate supports ten full calendric periods unlike some other programs 2 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM The program operates on both the Long Count LC and the Calendar Round CR simultaneously These two calendars are linked such that a given LC will always correspond to a specific CR However MayaDate allows you to change this correlation as desired for investigating different inte
4. are inclusive You can use the base date from the main screen as the search starting date by clicking on the Use Base as Start button or by pressing Alt B 2 Inthe green area enter a mask for the Long Count and Calendar Round components A wild card i e a question mark in any field matches all possibilities 4 specific number or name matches only that value For example to find all Katun endings in the search range enter fat i a question mark in the Katun and higher order boxes and zeroes for the Tun Uinal and Kin Wild cards make the search go faster 00 00 00 0 g 04 0 aw 00 00 00 00 08 18 12 01 04 00 8 Ah K ankin 00 00 00 00 13 18 14 01 04 00 3 Ahaw 18 Tzek 00 00 00 00 16 18 10 01 04 00 8 Ahaw 18 Zak 3 Click on Search or press Alt S This starts 00 00 00 00 19 18 06 01 04 00 8 Ahaw 18 K ayab the search Progress is reported in the caption 00 00 00 01 01 18 12 01 04 00 8 Ahaw 18 Wo above the white output box and on a blue bar graph Matches are displayed in the white box as they are found 4 When the search is done the caption will change and a blue highlight bar will appear on the first entry in the table Long Counts are always displayed with all ten fields and two digits per field Use the arrow keys or mouse to move the highlight bar over the selection you wish to use Selection 5 The selected Long Count Calendar Round 00 00 00 00 05 18 16 01 04 00 8 Ahaw 18 Mol se Ca 6 To paste your select
5. is no undo option available New data will overwrite the previous cell content The previous data cannot be restored When you click on a cell to select it the content of its Location and Conment fields are transferred to the two data input boxes the Location to the box at the upper right and the Comment to the box above the buttons This data will overwrite any data which you may have typed before selecting the cell After selecting the target cell type any desired information into the Location and Comment fields Then click on the Store button to save the entry If the data is a negative Distance Number you can prefix the Location text with a minus sign to remind yourself of that fact Controls The nine control buttons are described below divided into two groups Content Manipulation Buttons and Retrieval and Exit Buttons All buttons have Alt key shortcuts as noted Content Manipulation Buttons Alt Caption Function R Clear Cell Clear all data from the selected cell 17 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Alt Caption Function Copy Cell Copy the selected cell to a new cell See instructions below C Update Comment Paste the entered comment to the selected cell L Update Location Paste the entered location to the selected cell Store Values Paste the data from the Main Screen plus your added locat
6. of LCs to be searched and an LC mask to constrain the values of the LC periods Refer to the Finder Screen documentation for further information Back to Top How Do I Find possible CRs for a partial LC This is the another function of the Finder Screen Refer to the Finder Screen documentation for further information Back to Top How Do I Calculate the distance between two CRs The distance between two CRs is always a constant regardless of the associated LC if such exists at all However since the CR is a continuous cycle envision a circle there are two numbers one going clockwise and one going counter clockwise anti clockwise for our British friends MayaDate can calculate both of these The LC used for the calculations is completely irrelevant It can be any value or zero However a value greater than 18980 00 02 12 13 00 in dotted decimal will prevent arithmetic underflow and red text Set the base LC if desired before proceeding Enter one CR in the Tzolkin and Haab areas Click on Next LC or press AIt N Click on the gt Base button at the left end of the Base Distance row Enter the other CR in the Tzolkin and Haab areas Click on Next LC or press Alt N to calculate one Distance Number Click on Priot LC or press Alt R to calculate the other Distance Number ete ey The Distance Number is displayed in the second row of the Calculation Area in both dotted dec
7. the Main Screen The LC and CR appears as the Value to Store 3 14 07 9 56 AM 38 19 0 0 13 0 9 14 16 16 0 1 Ahaw 18 Yaxk in You access the Memory Screen by pressing one of the four Mem buttons in the Calculation Area of or DN from that row is transferred to the Memory Screen and The entire content of the Memory is saved and recalled with the Project data The content of the Main Screen Comment field appears in the window title bar as a reminder of the data set in use Displayed Fields There are three fields in the top row of which two are read only The third the green box on the right is used for data entry and is described in that section e The left hand field will display the source of the data based on which button you used to access the 16 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM screen Possible contents are Base Date Distance Number Base Distance or Base Distance e The field following Value to Store shows the value transferred from the Main Screen If it s a DN it will be shown as white on blue and the right hand sub field will show the decimal value Otherwise the content will be displayed black on white and the right hand sub field will show the modern date or J D N equivalent The middle area contains the 50 memory cells All are identical There s no difference in what they contain or how they are used As described above DNs will display as whit
8. the range to be searched 2 The search target LC and or CR full or partial Oy Om Ome Om mn 2g 9a Sa A C Oe Oe L The start and end LCs are entered in the two top rows yellow background You can copy the Base Date from the Main Screen into both rows by clicking on the Copy Base LC button in the lower left corner This provides a convenient starting point minimizing the number of mouse clicks required Note that on this screen the spin buttons do not propagate to higher order periods Wrapping through zero or maximum value only affects that digit EEE EEE EEE X Y Y e ba Y Y The two rows in the middle green background contain the search target The upper row is the LC Selection Mask A question mark in a period matches any value in the search results A specific number matches only that value For example if you want only LCs with a Kin value of 0 put a 0 in the Kin position of the mask On the sample screen above we ve constrained four of the LC periods as follows Baktuns 18 Tuns 1 Uinals 4 Kins 1 The search results will only have LCs which contain all four of these values The next row contains masks for the Tzolkin and Haab As with the LC a question mark will match any value Question marks can appear in all some or none of the four terms Controls The Finder Screen has six control buttons as described below All buttons have Alttkey shortcuts as noted Alt Caption Func
9. will You can define any other desired correlation value and select it along with the others using the function keys e LC CR Correlation This sets the correlation of the Long Count with the Calendar Round There is much discussion about this subject and this is not the place to debate the issue You can select either of two standard interpretations or generate any other at will e To set the current base LC with the current CR as displayed in the upper right Tzolkin Haab section press Shift F12 This key sequence won t fit in the table Back to Top Main Screen Help Menu View User s Manual Screen Features Ctrl F Shortcut Keys Ctrl FS Show Period Names Ctl F5 About MayaD ate The View User s Manual selection brings up a dialog which lets you view this help document as a stand alone presentation e book or as an HTML document in your browser Select the browser option if you want a hard copy The Screen Features window is accessed with Control F7 13 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual MayaDate Main Screen Features Screen Colors All data is entered in the yellow areas or with the Spin Buttons in the Data Display Area see below The results of all calculations are displayed in this area Spin Buttons on the Base Date and Distance Number fields can be used to adjust these values This area contains the exit button status displays project identification and LC C
10. Date User s Manual MayaDate Palenque Temple of the Cross Left Panel Distance Number Value to Store 6 14 0 2 440 Cell Contents Location Cell Contents Location 0 9 16 10 0 0 1 Ahaw 3 Sip A3 A5 25 9 3 0 0 0 2Ahaw 18 Muwan 1 26 2 1 13 0 9 16 10 0 0 1 Ahaw 3 Sip QuirF 27 18 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 Ahaw 8 Pohp 1 8 13 0 9 16 10 0 0 33 006 214 800 QuirF 28 29 5 30 18 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 haw 13 Yaxk in 6 9 16 15 0 0 7 Ahaw 18 Pohp QuirD 31 6 8 13 0 9 16 15 0 0 148 206 216 600 QuirD 32 20 0 0 0 0 9 14 13 4 17 12 Kaban 5 K ayab 33 9 34 9 14 13 4 17 12 Kaban 5 K ayab wW IS 10 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 11 3 8 755 200 001 303 E DN 11 20 0 0 0 0 9 16 10 0 0 1 Ahaw 3 Sip IS 36 19 0 0 13 0 9 14 16 16 0 1 haw 18 Yaxk in 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 11 3 8 755 200 001 303 3 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 748 800 000 39 15 9 14 13 4 17 12 Kaban 5 K ayab WIS 40 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 11 3 8 755 200 001 303 E DN 41 9 14 13 4 17 12 Kaban 5 K ayab WIS 17 19 0 0 0 0 9 14 16 16 0 1 Ahaw 13 Yax ECR 42 13 9 9 4 869 18 43 9 15 6 14 6 6 Kimi 4 Tzek 19 44 20 45 21 46 22 47 23 48 24 49 Comment Clear Copy Update Update Store Retrieve Retrieve Retrieve Cell Cell Comment Location Yalues gt Entry gt Base gt DN he Memory Screen is a place to store Long Counts and Distance Numbers There are 50 memory cells which can hold either type of data in any desired order Distance Numbers are shown as hite text on a blue background Long Counts are shown black on white H
11. MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM MayaDate The Ultimate Mayan Calendric Calculator User s Manual for Version 4 0 Document revision 4 0A 11 March 2007 Welcome to the long delayed new version of MayaDate I ve incorporated many new features and functions which I hope you ll find useful Comments and suggestions via e mail are welcome MayaDate is a Registered Trademark Contents Introduction What it does What s new System Requirements Installing the Program Starting and Ending Saving and Restoring Projects Main Screen Introduction to the Screens The Main Screen Display The Data Entry Area Data Entry Calendar Round Entry Controls The Calculation Area Displayed Fields Red Text Data Entry Controls The Information Area Displayed Fields Controls The Menus File Menu Printing Menu The Auto Print Function The Print Current Values Function Tools Menu Options Menu Help Menu 1 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Memory Screen The Memory Screen Display Displayed Fields Data Entry Controls Finder Screen The Finder Screen Display Displayed Fields Data Entry Controls File Menu Tutorials General Concepts Calendric Periods Main Screen Operations Memory Screen Operations Finder Screen Operations How Do l Find the CR for a given LC Find the first CR before or after a given LC Add and subtract LCs Find all LCs for a given CR
12. R appear in the top tier of the Calculation Area The minor periods appear in the lower associated tiers Back to Top How Do I Find the first CR before or after a given LC 1 Enter the LC in the text box and click Base Date or press Alt B 2 Enter the CR in the Tzolkin and Haab entry areas 3 Click on Next LC or press AIt N to find the first CR after the LC 4 Click on Prior LC or press Alt R to find the first CR before the LC The LC and its associated CR appear in the Base Distance row of the Calculation Area You can walk through all possible LCs corresponding to this CR by clicking on DN 18980 or DN 18980 which increment or decrement the DN in 52 year intervals While this works for a few periods it s inconvenient for analyzing a wide range of dates For this you should use the Finder press Ctrl F 25 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Back to Top How Do I Add and subtract LCs Since an LC and a DN have exactly the same form 1 Enter one as the Base Date click on Base Date or press Alt B 2 Enter the other one as the Distance Number Distance Nr or Alt D The sum and difference with their minor periods are displayed in the Base Distance and Base Distance rows Back to Top How Do I Find all LCs for a given CR This is the purpose of the Finder Screen It enables you to enter a desired target CR complete or partial a range
13. R correlation Dual Format Numeric Display Calendar Round PINETA ort 1Muluc 2K ank in Black text on a white background is a Calendar Round date White text on a blue background is a USF Distance Number formatted as a decimal number The Shortcut Keys window is accessed with Control F8 MayaDate Shortcut Keys Help 222222 MayaDate Shortcut Keys Help 222222 Keys Help Alt Key Ctl Key alt B Base Date Entry ctl A Automatic Calendar Select alt C Correlation submenu ctl F Screen Features Help alt D Distance Number Entry ctl G Gregorian Calendar Select alt F File submenu ctlJ Julian Calendar Select alt H Help submenu ctl K Shortcut Keys Help alt L Clear All ctl 0 Open File alt M Modern Calendar submenu ctl P Print alt N Find Next ctl 5 Save File alt O Options submenu ctl T Toggle 8 5 Period Display alt P Find Previous ctl Save File As alt T Target Date Entry ctl X Exit alt X Exit Ctl Function Key ctl F1 584 285 day correlation ctl F2 584 283 day correlation cul F9 User defined correlation The Period Names window is accessed by pressing Ctr1 F5 14 of 28 3 14 07 9 56 AM MayaDate User s Manual MayaDate Period Names Tzolkin Day Names Haab Month Names Traditional Modern Traditional Modern Chicchan Cimi Manik The About screen just shows the program ID I don t bother to show it here Back to Top 3 14 07 9 56 AM The Memory Screen 15 of 28 Maya
14. al notation Leading zeros are not required Decimal integer or dotted decimal notation Leading Distance Number zeros are not required Decimal integer and J D N option must be selected press Julian Day Number Alt J MUST match spelling exactly including apostrophes Calendar Round and upper lower case Decimal integer No restrictions but value must be meaningful in context Calendar Round Entry The two framed areas at the upper right labeled Tzolkin and Haab are used to enter the two components of the Calendar Round The full CR can be typed in the text box as described above and transferred to the CR area by clicking on the Cal Round button Or you can select the desired values using the controls next to the display boxes as described below par up and down arrows next to the display box increment or decrement the value Th value wraps from minimum to maximum and back as the limits are reached The Tzolkin field can have values from 1 through 13 inclusive The Haab coefficients have values from 0 through 19 inclusive except for the last month Wayeb which is limited to 0 through 4 inclusive pooo down arrow next to the display box opens a selection drop down box Click on the desired period name There s a scroll bar on the right to move through the list Controls The nine control buttons are described below All butt
15. ally and you can continue from where you left off This feature can be disabled when you exit as described below To exit Click on the Exit button in the lower right corner or press Ctrl X or Alt X or select Exit from the File menu When closed in this manner the program saves all of its current information which will be restored when you next start the program If you don t want to save the current information press Ctrl W or select this option from the File menu This exits without overwriting any previously saved data Back to Top Saving and Restoring Projects Version 4 of MayaDate introduces the concept of projects A Project consists of the entire state of the program including the Memory Screen A project is saved to a disk file with the extension MDPR You choose the project base name I suggest making it something descriptive but not overly long Project files contain a complete snapshot of your work If you re collaborating with another researcher you can email these back and forth to coordinate your efforts Projects are saved and loaded using options on the File menu which are described later in the tutorial There is no limit to the number of projects which can be saved other than available disk space The files are about 7K bytes Back to Top The MayaDate Screens 4 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Most activities use the Main Screen The Memory S
16. ater S esas O a oa ar or ras oe Nomiwnne Base Distance Base Distance Displayed fields The various fields are described below e The upper tier o Memory access button o Clear button or gt Base button o Ten calendric periods o The full Calendar Round e The lower tier three rows containing the Base Base DN and Base DN o The modern calendar equivalent date or the Julian Day Number o The Long Count in dotted decimal notation o The zero based day number within the 18 980 day Calendar Round o The zero based day number within the 260 day Tzolkin o The zero based day number within the 365 day Haab o The zero based day number within the 819 day cycle 8 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM o The god of the night numbered 1 through 9 o The four directions and colors which are interlocked North White is not shown in the example The Calendar Round Tzolkin and Haab share a common zero date at 2 Ik 0 Pohp for no obvious reason Red text Text is displayed in red rather than black when an arithmetic underflow occurs i e trying to subtract a larger number from a smaller one This does not indicate an error and the displayed values are still correct The red just indicates that the correct value cannot be displayed within the limits of the ten period display Dates in the modern calendar appear in red if they are BC or BCE if you prefer as shown in the example Data Entry Althoug
17. button Click on it or press Alt X or Ctrl X to exit th program and save the current state See the discussion of the File Menu options for other exit options Back to Top The Main Screen Menus The menu options work just as in any other windowed environment Some functions can be invoked using the Control key plus another key These combinations are shown on the menu to the right when available Most functions can be invoked using the Alt key plus another identified by underlining the letter or character in the button legend A couple of functions require other key combinations as noted Back to Top Main Screen File Menu File Printing Tools Options Help Load Project Ctrl L Save Project Ctrl S New Project Exit Without Saving Defaults Ctrl w Save Defaults and Exit Ctrl Alt Ctrli Name Description L L Load Project Load a project file from disk S S Save Project Save a project file to disk N New Project Clear the workspace including Memory W W Exit Without Saving Terminate execution without saving the current Defaults state U U Save Defaults and Exit Save the current program state and terminates Back to Top Main Screen Printing Menu Printing Tools Options Help Auto print toggle Ctr Print Current Values Ctri U Print Screen Ctrl N Eject Page Printer Setup Edit Comment Ctrl E Alt Ctrl Name Description See notes below A A A
18. creen and the Finder screen provide supplemental functions Each of these is described below Back to Top The Main Screen The main program screen looks like this f MayaD ate Mayan Calendric Calculator OO x File Printing Tools Options Help owns Pema Temes Dinane n papapapa an amana a a Ara km D4 D D Dd D D a a i i J Base Distance mon sase 7 fo fo fo fo fo fo fo oe i six skama Base Distance me beam io fs fs is fis fis fis fis fi fis akawak Pome asepsrisc_ 0 o este fie san fear os i Base Distance 9Sep3114BcC 1 6 919 isa 349 238 Gt Base Distance 7Sep3114BC 19 19 19 19 191919191719 6 917 157 347 236 cs 0 0 0 0 0 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u eit This screen is divided into three areas identified by background color The yellow area at the top is where you enter data and initiate calculations The blue area in the middle displays the calculation results E The green area at the bottom contains general information Back to Top Main Screen Data Entry Area 5 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Data Entry Text is entered in the white box at the left The text cursor should always be visible in the box If not click the mouse in the box Type the desired information in the box with the following restrictions Type of data Restrictions Long Count Dotted decim
19. ction Mask may contain as many wild card fields as you wish Entries in fields above the Ending Long Count must be 0 or They are initialized to and may be left so The Long Counts in the search results display always contain ten fields formatted with two digits per field even if the digits are 00 This presents the search results in even columns which are easier to read than variable length fields Ignore the extra zeroes they are of no significance The Selection box includes a field to display the Direction Color and the God of the Night The background color of the display field is the Direction Color Yellow Black White or Red This information is not presented in the main search results because the calculations would slow down the search Finder Screen File Menu Eile Load Search List Ctrl L Save Search List Ctrl S Print Ctrl P Exit The File menu provides the following options 21 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Alt Ctrl Name Description See notes below L L Load Search List Load the search parameters from disk s s Saya S arch Hist A aa to disk with an Print Print the search results X X Exit Return to Main Screen same as Exit button Notes e The Load and Save functions operate only on the contents of the Search results box The search parameters are not saved nor restored Back to Top Tutorial General Co
20. e text on blue All other content is black on white The small green box to the right of each cell is intended to contain the location of the data but can contain any desired text Each cell has an associated coment field The last display line above the control buttons has a long green text box labeled Comment Whenever you click on a cell its comment will be displayed here The comment also shows in a floating text box if you hover the mouse cursor over a cell without clicking on it This line will change to a red box with white text as a warning if you activate the Copy Cell function See the discussion in the Controls section below There are two suggested formats for organizing the memory content e Alternately entering LCs and DNs one after the other filling the first column and continuing in the second e Putting each LCs in a cell in the left hand column and its following DN in the right hand column NOTE If you change the LC CR correlation in the main program after storing values in memory the CR values shown on the Memory Screen will no longer be correct In all cases the LC is the value retrieved from memory and the new correct CR correlation will be displayed on the Main Screen This will be changed in the next release because I don t like it Data Entry NOTE It s very iimportant that you click on the desired target cell before entering data or executing any function There
21. ed Long Count to the 7 entry box on the main screen click on Paste Copy base LC Help Search Stop Paste and Exit and Exit or press lt P To return without pasting click Exit or press Alt or Esc The Finder is used to find Long Counts which match a particular pattern or a given Calendar Round which may be partial or complete This function is of great value when working with effaced or partial inscriptions Full instructions are presented on the page as shown above Basic operation is described below Displayed Fields The upper area of the screen yellow and green backgrounds is used for entering the search parameters The lower area displays the results of the search in two boxes The large one shows every match adding a scroll bar if needed During the search the frame labeled Selection contains a progress bar When the search is completed a highlight bar appears over the first entry in this box You can move the highlight bar with the up and down arrow keys or with the mouse using the scroll bar if needed Additional information about the highlighted entry appears in the small box at the right side of the Selection frame This includes the direction N S E or W the color as the box background 19 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM and the God of the night Data Entry Two sets of data are required to perform a search 1 The start and end LCs inclusive values which define
22. efore October of 1582 is proleptic in the Gregorian calendar Our modern computers are capable of projecting dates backward or forward as far as we may wish But dates recorded in ancient non Mayan texts may be expressed in the Julian or Gregorian calendar according to the practice of the author and the 27 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM locale and cannot be relied upon for astronomical accuracy without further corroboration Back to Top Appendix Period Names and Spellings There are two sets of spellings in common use for the 20 Tzolkin day names and the 19 Haab month names Each of these is shown in the following table When entering CRs in text form the spelling must match the chosen lexicon exactly including apostophes and upper or lower case Tzolkin Days Haab Months Traditional Modern Traditional Modern Ik Ik p Poh Akbal Ak bal p Kan K an aoi i Chicchan Chikchan 1P 1P ee og Zotz Sotz Cimi Kimi Tzec Tzek Manik Manik Xul Xul Lamat Lamat Yaxkin Yaxk in XKL X 1 Muluc Muluc Mol Mol ol ol ss on Chen Ch en Chuen Chuwen y Eb Eb i aa Ben Ben i a S Ceh Keh Ja J Mac Mak Men Men Kanki K ank i Cib Kib a in me in n n Caban Kaban pa 3 Pax Pax Eznab Etz nab Kayab K ayab Cauac Kawak Cumku Kumk u Ahau Ahaw ook ee Uayeb Wayeb 1m x 1m x Back to Top 28 of 28
23. h this area is not primarily intended for data entry you do have the ability to change the values of the LC and DN using the spin buttons adjacent to the display boxes Note that these buttons propagate carry and borrow across the entire Long Count If you decrement a field which is zero the value will increase to maximum and the next higher digit will decrement by one Similarly incrementing a value already at maximum will change that period to zero and increment the next higher period by one Controls There are eight control buttons at the left side divided into three groups e Mem buttons access the Memory Screen Two shortcut combinations are available AIt E is the Base Date entry Alt M is the Distance Number entry See the Memory section for more information e Clear buttons clear the LC on that row to zero e gt Base transfers that row s LC to the Base date This triggers an Auto Print event Back to Top Main Screen Information Area Demonstration screen 0 0 0 0 0 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u Exit Displayed fields The three fields of interest are e A user generated comment or description in the tan box Double click in the box or press Ctrl E to edit the comment e The current LC CR correlation in the light blue box e The Auto Print call out is displayed only when the function is enabled Controls 9 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM The only control in this section is the Exit
24. he Main Screen follow a five step sequence 23 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Enter the Base Date Enter the Distance Number Determine whether the sum or difference is desired Click on the appropriate gt Base button Repeat from step 2 as often as necessary OV ee If Auto Print is enabled step 4 will initiate an Auto Print event Other functions available from this screen include e Invoke the Memory Screen by clicking on any of the four Mem buttons e Invoke the Finder Screen by pressing Ctrl F Back to Top Auto Print The Auto Print function is used to record the sequence of calculations in a format similar to that of the original inscriptions Unlike the Print Screen function Auto Print does not require a graphic capable printer All output is text Each time you click either of the gt Base buttons at the left end of the sum and difference rows you initiate an Auto Print event This causes the current base date the distance number and the sum or difference thereof to be printed The printout looks like this Output of MayaDate 4 00 03 04 Mar 2007 printed 08 Mar 2007 5 03 PM Demonstration screen LC CR Correlation 0 0 0 0 0 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u Current Calculations AutoPrint Mode 0 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u 8 Sep 3 114 BC 11 0 0 0 0 6 Ahaw 8 Mak 11 Jun 1 224 AD 1 2 0 0 0 O 8 Ahaw 8 Mol 13 Mar 5 561 AD Bas Oss 20 O s 20 1 13
25. imal and decimal integer formats Back to Top 26 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM How Do I Find the modern date for a Mayan date The modern calendar date is dislayed on the lower tier for each of the three base date rows in the left most column That column will have a caption of Gregorian Julian or J D N depending on which format has been selected in the Options Menu For the Julian and Gregorian calendars the correlation constant is displayed in parenthesis However it must be emphasized that these are approximations and you should not bet the ranch or anything else important on these values See the Appendix for a discussion of this topic If an accurate date is required for determining astronomical events or similar purposes use the Julian Day Number which is what MayaDate uses internally It should agree with other peoples calculations exactly Back to Top How Do I Find the minor associations for an LC The miscellaneous associations are all shown in the Calculation Area for all three rows involving the Base date No special operations are required to view these periods Back to Top Appendix Correlating Modern Calendars with the Mayan Calendar It s not possible to properly correlate our modern Gregorian calendar with the Mayan calendar because our understanding of the Gregorian calendar is wrong The Gregorian calendar was devised to bring
26. ion and coment fields to the selected cell Retrieval and Exit Buttons Alt Caption Function zal Retrieve gt Entry Return and paste the selected data in the data entry box Retrieve gt Base Return and paste the selected data as the Base Date Retrieve gt DN Return and paste the selected data as the Distance Number x O w ti xit Return to the Main Screen without changing anything there The Copy Cell function requires a sequence of operations arkWwWN Select the cell to be copied by clicking on it Click the Copy Cell button Note the red warning message Double click on the target cell If you change your mind single click on any cell or on the Exit button to abort the operation The red warning message disappears The timing of the double click is operating system dependant and subject to local setup options which are outside the control of the program author Experimentation may be required to determine the proper timing Back to Top The Finder Screen 18 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM w MayaDate Finder File Hablatun Alautun Kinchiltun Kalabtun Piktun Baktun Katun Tun Uinal Kin MayaDate Finder Steps to finding dates 1 Inthe yellow area enter starting and ending Long Counts using the Spin Buttons The dates
27. mulative so you can walk up or down the calendar in 52 year increments For every increase in the DN the Base DN will move forward to a later date and the Base DN will move backward to an earlier date Back to Top Main Screen Calculation Area 7 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM T O O EC weo ca Mj O05 a a a aa a aa l Base Distance men same 0 fo e fo fo fo fo fo e r O sea Base Distance mea pone 5 is fis fis fis fis fis fis fav fis Skewax 7Rumny asepsrissc p w fems fie fe fear os Base Distance 9 Sep 3 114 BC 1 6 919 fiss 349 238 Gi Base Distance 7Sep3114BC 19 19 19 19191919191719 6917 157 347 236 Gs The Calculation Area in the middle blue background consists of four logical rows Base Date has no frame Distance Number displays white text on a dark blue background Base Distance has a frame with a light green background a Base Distance has a frame with a light tan background Due to the limited width of the computer display the three rows which contain the Base Date ar split in two If the screen were wide enough the Calculation Area would look like this Maj eaj 0 24 0 24 0 2 0 24 0 3 frost 0 ao ao o N Sa s zna f ooon 77ae fis 7a iar oo Mom _Ciear G3 03023 04303 04 02 838283 12 062 Base Distance Base Distance mea as o O fo fo fe fe fr fis fe fe swe
28. ncepts Positional arithmetic The base of the Mayan arithmetic system is 20 rather than 10 which we use A single Mayan digit can express any value from 0 through 19 inclusive For multi digit numbers the lowest digit appears on the right with higher order digits to the left just as in our decimal system This is our modern convention Exceptions appear in the actual inscriptions where associated period or unit glyphs eliminate ambiguity The right most digit can hold values from 0 to 19 If you have 19 and add 1 the right most digit returns to zero and the next higher digit increments to 1 So each unit in that position must have a value of 20 In similar fashion higher digits have values of 400 8 000 160 000 etc The value of one unit in the tenth position is 460 800 000 000 Notational conventions We have a problem writing Mayan numbers because we have no way to express the higher values of a digit from 10 through 19 Our solution to the problem is to use a two digit decimal number from 0 to 19 for each Mayan digit We separate adjacent numbers with periods for clarity For example a two digit Mayan number might have a decimal value of 36 The lower digit would be 16 36 20 while the upper digit would be 1 We would write this number as 1 16 with a period separating the two decimal values A leading zero on values less than 10 is optional but desirable So 1 16 and 01 16 mean the same
29. ons initiate a recalculation and update all displayed fields after performing the defined action All buttons have Alt key shortcuts as noted 6 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Data Entry Buttons Uses data Alt Caption Function from 11 displ fiel D ff c Clear All a Clear all displayed fields to zero Does not affect memory contents Text entry F B Base Date B Paste the entered value into the Base Date line OX AA Text entry Paste the entered value into the Distance Number D Distance Nr a box lire y Cal Round Text entry Paste the enteren value into the Tzolkin and Haab box fields to the right Function Buttons Uses data Alt Caption Function See notes below from a Target Date Text entry Calculate the DN i quir d to reach the entered LC 7 box from the current Base Date N Next LC CR entry Calculate the DN required nO reach the next area occurrence of the entered CR ae i h R Prior IC CR entry Calculate the DN required oa reach the previous area occurrence of the entered CR 2 h Di P DN 18980 aa Add 18980 days 52 years to the current Distance Number Z DN 18980 ass eupE reer 18980 days 52 years from the current Distance Number Notes e The DN and 52 year functions are cu
30. rpretations of the inscriptions Calculations follow the natural order of the inscriptions You start with a Base Date in the Long Count then add or subtract a Distance Number to get to the next date The sum or difference becomes the new Base Date with a single mouse click The sequence is repeated for each new phrase in the inscription Since many phrases express negative distances MayaDate displays the LC and CR for both the sum and difference of the Base date and Distance Number enabling you to easily identify the appropriate result Back to Top What s new Major new features in Version 4 include e A 50 cell Memory where you can store LCs and DNs for later retrieval Project support which enables you to store and retrieve entire datasets including Memory Enhanced Finder operation Auto save on exit and auto restore on startup Direct keyboard entry of Calendar Rounds As usual the new release incorporates various bug fixes and clean up Back to Top System Requirements MayaDate runs on Windows XP 2000 or 98 Second Edition or on Linux using Wine not 100 functional MayaDate has not been tested with Vista and probably will not run in that environment MayaDate has no special requirements beyond those of the operating system System configuration A fast CPU and lots of memory will greatly improve the speed of the Finder The target configuration for MayaDate u
31. s the J D N Mayan correlation to 584 283 584 283 days 1 F7 Use Thompson 2 Sets the J D N Mayan correlation to 584 285 584 285 days i h D N M lati F8 User defined correlation PRENG a Mayan correlation to a user defined value s F9 Set User defined Set a J D N Mayan correlation value select with Correlation F8 Z Har enee e Aa Set the LC CR correlation Kumk u 13 0 0 0 0 4 Ah T DAE aa ce a Set the LC CR correlation Kumk u 4 Set the LC CR correlation to a value entered F11 Use i E using Shift F12 b F12 Set base LC 4 Ahaw 8 Sets the LC CR correlation to current base LC Kumk u 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Alt Ctrl Name Description See notes below Sets the LC CR correlation to current base LC current CR Set base LC current CR Notes e The current state of some options is indicated by a check mark in the left margin e Spellings Two versions of period names are in common use Select whichever you prefer e Modern calendars Select either the Gregorian or Julian calendar for date displays You can also display Julian Day Numbers without modern equivalents e Display Format Some people prefer to see only the low five periods e LC J D N Correlation Correlating LC dates with the Julian Day Number series is of importance when studying astronomical events The two most common correlations are built into the program and can be toggled at
32. ses an AMD Athlon 32 or 64 or Intel Pentium IV CPU running at 1 Gigahertz or more with at least 512 Megabytes of RAM MayaDate will run properly on machines with much lower performance The only possible degradation will be in the Finder You won t see any difference in other functions Browser recommendation I recommend using the Firefox browser for viewing this document Click here to download it for free A screen resolution of at least 1024 x 768 should be used for the program and for viewing this file Back to Top 3 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Installing the Program The CD should auto run when inserted in any CD or DVD drive If it doesn t navigate to the CD or DVD root directory and double click on SETUP EXE The program installs in Program Files MayaDate The executable is MayaDate EXE You can create a shortcut to that file on your desktop if you wish It s automatically added to the Start Menu You do not have to restart the computer after installation Back to Top Starting and Ending To start Double click on the desktop icon or select from the Start Menu The program always starts centered on the screen but can be moved The buttons in the upper right can be used to minimize the screen The screen cannot be resized Under most circumstances your previous work will be restored automatic
33. the date of Easter back to its proper place in the astronomical year In order to accomplish this the year of adoption 1582 had only 355 days with ten days being removed from October As a result Thursday October 4a in the Julian th calendar was followed immediately by Friday October 15 in the Gregorian Because of this attempts to calculate dates spanning centuries by simply multiplying the year length by the number of years will fail Following common custom the Gregorian date calculations in MayaDate do not properly subtract this ten day interval As a result the program agrees with most other calculations which are uniformly wrong I chose this approach because I m tired of answering emails from people who don t understand the Gregorian calendar in the first place The Gregorian calendar was adopted by different countries at different times over the next 350 years So trying to correlate a given Mayan date with a calendar in use elsewhere requires som research Although the dates of adoption of the Gregorian calendar postdate the Mayan inscriptions in all cases confusion can arise when trying to work backward from a more modern event to one in contemporary Mayan history or when trying to project the Mayan calendar forward to today Lastly we must deal with the problem of proleptic dates A proleptic date is one expressed in a calendar before that calendar was created For example any date b
34. tion See notes below j h th B Copy basei ai base LC from the Main Screen to both the start and en 20 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Alt Caption Function See notes below H Help Bring up a brief help screen as shown below S Search Start the search T S top Interrupt the search Only available while search is active x Exit Exit making no changes to the Main Screen The ESC key also ea exits p Paste and Fxit ot and paste the selected data to the data entry box on the Main Screen Notes e All controls except Stop are available except while a search is in progress e Only the Stop function is available during a search If you stop a search all results up to that point are available However if you restart those results will be discarded and a new search will begin e Information on the Finder Screen is persistent You can exit the screen then return to find it in the same state However this information is not retained through a program exit and restart The Finder Help screen MayaD ate Finder Help The Spin Buttons on this screen control only the associated value They do not borrow or carry to higher order fields like the Spin Buttons on the main screen Starting and Ending Long Counts LCs have no wild cards A specific date must be entered for each of these The Ending LC must be greater than the Starting LC The Sele
35. to calculate the longer intervals in the Mayan calendar Back to Top Main Screen Options Menu 11 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual Options Help Use Traditional Period Names v Use Modern Period Names Show Period Names F3 F4 v Gregorian Calendar Julian Calendar Julian Day Number Ctl G Ctrl J Ctrl y Toggle 10 period 5 period Display F5 Use Thompson 2 584 283 v Use Thompson 1 584 285 U Ser detined sare undetined Set User defined Correlation FG F7 FB F9 Use 0 0 0 0 0 4 haw 8 Kumk u Ctrl Z Use 13 0 0 0 0 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u Ctrl T Use 13 0 0 0 0 4 haw 8 Kumk u F11 Set base LC 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk u F12 3 14 07 9 56 AM 12 of 28 Set base LC current CR Shift F12 Alt Ctrl Name Description See notes below T F2 Use Traditional Names Use traditional spellings for period names M F3 Use Modern names Use currently accepted spellings for period names N F4 Show Period Names Show both spellings for all period names G g Gregorian Calendar Display equivalent dates using the Gregorian calendar J J Julian calendar Display equivalent dates using the Julian calendar y y Jaltan Day Nuibers Display equivalent dates as Julian Day Numbers F5 Toggle 10 period 5 period Set the display to show all ten periods or only display the low five 2 FG Use Thompson 2 Set
36. uto print toggle Toggle the Auto Print function on or off 10 of 28 MayaDate User s Manual 3 14 07 9 56 AM Alt Ctrl Name Description See notes below y y Print Current Print the Base LC the DN and their sum and difference Values in text form N N Print Screen Prints a graphic image of the entire screen J Eject Page Flush the print buffer and eject the current page T Printer Setup Bring up the standard printer setup dialog Edit Comment Edit the content of the Comment box Notes e Auto Print When on an indicator appears to the right of the copyright notice at the bottom of the screen When you turn Auto Print off it issues a page eject to the printer even if nothing has been printed This is normal e Print Screen renders an exact image of the entire program screen which requires a color graphics printer Click these links for detailed explanations Auto Print or Print Current Values Use the browser s Back to Top Back button to return here Main Screen Tools Menu Tools Options Help Finder Ctrl F Calculator Alt Ctrl Name Description See notes below F F Finder Invoke the Finder screen Invokes the standard calculator available on the system R Calculator if any Notes e Calculator The standard system calculator will not have the numeric precision required
37. veral fundamental periods of the Mayan calendar The 360 day year is named the Tun Thus an LC of 90 00 01 00 00 equals 360 days 00 00 02 00 00 equals 720 days 2 times 360 and 90 01 00 00 00 equals 7200 days 20 times 360 nb We have exactly the same numeration in use today known as the Julian Day Number This is a linear day count with an origin in the year 4713 EC Distance Numbers Definition A Distance Number is an absolute count of days The DN is expressed in exactly the same form as the LC including the limit of 18 periods for the second unit Thus LCs and DNs can be added and subtracted like any other numbers The Calendar Round Definition The Calendar Round is a period of 18 980 days 52 years of 365 days which is created by the junction of two separate calendars the Tzolkin and the Haab running concurrently Definition The Tzolkin is a 260 day period consisting of 13 months of 20 days each Definition The Haab is a 365 day period consisting of 18 months of 20 days plus one month of 5 days The number of possible combinations of these two calendars is 260 365 94 900 Dividing out the common factor of 5 yields a period length of 18 980 days or 52 365 day years This value is very important because it represents the ambiguity of the CR dates expressed in the inscriptions when no LC is present Back to Top Tutorial Main Screen Operations The vast majority of operations on t
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search