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JT Maps User Manual

1. x OG v 1 00 Distance Qm Scale 1 em 250426 m Wiw Zoom iru Advanced Query using SQL query like SQL ORDER BY SQL BETWEEN AND SQL DROP etc can be made to furthermore filter the desired result within huge database Select Menu gt SQL Query or simply click Sql icon from the toolbar The dialog box contains advanced options with drop down menu as shown below Generate SOL Query po Fields Fieis bg Tables IND_ST_1 a Aggregates View Non Spatial Information Functions INO_ST_1 ARE4_ gt 100000 fFurnctons 2 d UCASE column LCASE column MID column startend LEN column INS TA column LEFT fcolurnin nio_of_ chars AlGHT eolumn ano of chars Note Comparisons are case sensitive Group By Order By Close Reset Validate Execute Where JT Maps User Manual Chapter 9 Page 3 Query and Data Manipulation JT Maps also provides the facility of altering the structure of the non spatial records Thus if required you can delete fields from the record set that are no longer needed Choose Data gt Alter Tabel 1 Fields in the table structure l Field Mame Type SIZE 2 Type of field Double click to Character go through the drop oa E down menu to select the a type Delete a particular field 4 Add a new field Changing a field To change a field Double Cl
2. JT Maps User Manual Chapter 7 Page 5 Editing Spatial Objects This feature provides facility to extract the intersection region between any two polygons without modifying the two polygons Select the polygons to be combined Choose In the example below the intersection is marked as C When the operation is executed the polygon C can be obtained as a separate object This feature provides the facility to split overlapping polygons i e it separates the intersection region between two polygons but cut this region from the polygon at the bottom Select the polygons to be combined using shift and click Choose In the example below we have 2 polygons A and B as seen B is on top and A at the bottom The intersection is marked as C When we run the operation we get the polygon C as separate but observe that this region is removed from polygon A which was the bottom one JT Maps User Manual Chapter 7 Page 6 Editing Spatial Objects This feature is slightly different from splitting the polygons In Place of creating a new polygon from the common region it removes this region from the bottom polygon and separates the one on the top Select the polygons to be combined using shift and click aes ence In the example below we have 2 polygons A and B as seen B is on top and A at the bottom The intersection is marked as C When we run the operation we get the polygon B as separate but observe that region C is remove
3. Om XM BEES ee ease Title Bar Spatial Id Status Bar xl gt IND_STATE L Distance 0 m Scale 1 cm 250426 m Mia gt Zoom In x 82 00504 Y 6 31446 into Button Pads appropriate menus Title Bar Operation title in progress Status Bar Miscellaneous information associated with the active and main window Active Window The window the user is currently working on JT Maps User Manual Chapter 2 Page 1 JT Maps User Interface es Creates a new layer Opens an existing layer Chrl ca x Saves a layer ckr S Saves the current layer with a different name Open Workspace Cr Opens the workspace nave AWOrKSpace Saves the map layer order scale and Close Shift Ctrl F4 other information as a project Close All workspace Map Composition f Print Cep Closes the active layer Closes all the opened Layer Exit Opens print layout window Quits the application Shows Layer Control Dialog L Control Ctrl L ae Shows Legend Window Legend Shows the Navigator Window Navigator Opens Info Dialog Box of the Active Layer Info Layer zoom In Zooms in on an area of map window M Zoom Out Zooms out of an Area of Map Full Extent Fa Adlas Fits all layers into the map window zoom to Selection Fiz Zooms the selected area on a map Zooms in by a factor Zooms in by a percentage zoom To Scale F9 Zooms in or out to a given scale zoom by Factor oom to Perce
4. Points to be noted e Always select the layer before changing the settings for any option e Make sure the option is switched on to view the changes on the layer e Whenever you toggle the status of an option in its dialog notice the corresponding visibility icon turns to as it opens that layer ax Layer Name PE a a a oe a oe be IMD state Kix xix KJK Kix 38 xix 5 xix O JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 15 Map Viewing Theme Settings This specifies which Themes are visible on the map It is applicable only when you have applied 1 or more thematic analysis on a map It then provides options of viewing all one or none of the themes on the map It also provides options to changes settings for each individual theme Select the layer in the layer control and click the Themes button The following O opens Theme Control Fie Chart for SPATIAL IDSTATE AREA nd CORE Equal Range for STATE AREA Settings 3 To remove the theme To make the theme visible To change Theme Settings To toggle the position of selected theme Changing Settings for a Theme You can change the settings for a particular theme The dialog provides options to changes the color for the various theme fields It also provides options to show the legend of the theme in the legend Window Select the layer in the layer control and click the Settings button on the Theme Dialog The following dialog opens It a
5. J T Maps User Manual A step by step guide towards a Simplified GIS Overview JT Maps User Manual is intended for those who want to know how JT Maps is used for GIS and Image Processing operations It includes explanations and action procedures to work with JT Maps The JT Maps User Manual provides stepwise detail of how to use JT Maps For those interested in further reading on GIS and Image Processing can refer the Additional Reading section We recommend you to follow the JT Maps User Manual as it describes the fundamentals of GIS with reference to the operations of JT Maps The JT Maps User Manual consists of 12 Chapters They are e Chapter 1 Introduction to GIS 6 This chapter introduces you to the concepts of GIS its functionalities and usage e Chapter 2 JT Maps User Interface 8 This chapter introduces you to various user interfaces of JT Maps e Chapter 3 Maps and Layers 6 This chapter provides an insight of what is a map layer and how to create a map layer e Chapter 4 Map Viewing 16 This chapter covers the ways to view a map and how to use the options associated with Layer Control e Chapter 5 Selecting Objects 5 This chapter explains the various selection features with JT Maps and gives explanation on how one can perform these operations e Chapter 6 Georeferencing 3 Instructions on how the georeferencing module can be used for assign the coordinates to the digital image e C
6. The user specifies a distance that the buffer is to extend from the feature and the GIS create a polygon that encompasses all the points within the specified distance of the feature Buffer analysis is used for identifying areas surrounding geographic features The process involves generating a buffer A zone of a specified distance around coverage features Both constant and variable width buffers can be generated for a set of coverage features based on each features attribute values around existing geographic features and then identifying or selecting features based on whether they fall inside or outside the boundary of the buffer To create buffer zones follow these simple steps 1 Open the Layer on which to create buffer 2 Select the object or objects around which you want to create the buffer 3 Goto Analysis Menu gt Buffer or press Ctrl B the following dialog box opens Displacement Units Kilometers bl f Specify value Use Attribute Value Segments 20 4 f Spherical f Cartesian Output gt f Add To Cosmetic Layer Create A New File JE Documents and Settings Sultan Desktop W Add To Current Map Close Generate 7 Dialog Box to set Buffer Parameters JT Maps User Manual Chapter 11 Page 1 Buffer and Overlay Select the measuring unit Specify the value of buffer zone Select Attribute value Select Segment parameter Toggle between radio buttons
7. All layers are visible by default 4 Editable Indicates whether a layer is editable Only one layer is editable at a time k Selectable Selects a Particular Layer a e Show Label Displays Label information on for the layer By default labels are off for all layers i Transparent Indicates whether a layer is transparent By default all layers are transparent z Show Node Makes visible the Nodes of the active layer P Remove Layer This will remove the layer w Indicates that the options is open on Indicates that the options is locked off JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 11 Map Viewing Selection Settings To change the way objects are selected on the layer Select the layer in the layer control and click the selection button The following dialog opens JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 12 Selection Settings Brush Setting Color Sample ee If Apply Brush Settings Pattern Pen Setting Color Mics Pattern ol Size I Apply Pen Settings Raster Operation Merge Mot Default Map Viewing This is for Brush Settings Color drop down box allows you to select the colour Patter indicates whether the object to be opaque transparent striped etc Provides Pen Setting Options Set the colour Pattern allows to choose the type of line and Size indicates the thickness of line This toggl
8. Hesh ee Oise For Pixel Information go to tnformation menu gt Pixel Info or click Z icon from the toolbar The cursor changes to a Choose a point on the image and click Pixel information of the selected pixel is displayed in tabular form as shown below Sx Hara hh Se Fa Finel Information i TES Pisi Wily 21 H TE Resid Tee IS RO ES CO Z MUHA JT Maps User Manual Chapter 8 Page 5 Query and Data Manipulation JT Maps provides functionalities for the user to analyze view manipulate attribute data and maintain a database The software provides query tool for viewing and manipulating data on a dataset by applying conditions as provided by Structured Query Language To browse the data choose Data gt Browse or press Ctrl D Select the layer for which data is to be displayed and Press OK File View Scroll Raster Digitisation Editing Data Select Analysis Tools Help amp X Dx amp a ni RAG Vo ae lle alan e E55 IND_ state _ O x OL NAMEt Name PARTS_ POINTS_ LENGTH_ ARE A ES rome enacts ae 27 eso eros nono avare rosa of sf sses 1 Gujarat 22 BOS 3084 673 Hd 6 s rr E4829 Y 2341663 Distance 0 m Scale 1 cm 250426 m Mw Zoom Inv Note A browser window appears detailing non spatial data for all the state The selected state is highlighted on the India map blue color with corresponding non spatial data shown in tab
9. and shape of the Network influences the Capacity and the efficiency of the system and how well it will respond to real life situations J T Maps provides several advanced analysis tools for planning and operations and one such tool is Network Analysis which mainly plans manages and optimizes the utility of man made resources such as transportation networks allocation and distribution of resources like natural gas and water sewer disposal location of servicing plants etc Using JT Maps analysis can be performed on the network once a network has been created and its attributes defined The analysis of the network will depend upon the characteristics of the utility under study and its requirements The software has a variety of configurable options within the network analysis module which makes it a comprehensive and highly flexible system The user has the option of attaching weights and impedances to the elements of the network it can specify the direction of flow within the network as well as indicate those elements which are temporarily out of service These options are very helpful in depicting and emulating real world situations like traffic blockades on road networks etc Using this tool the user can perform analysis of various forms like finding shortest path obtaining directions and estimating optimal route To start using Network Analysis the user would require a clean polyline dataset the data has to be clean to ensure correct resu
10. field survey Once the data is stored it can be manipulated and analyzed to reach a particular conclusion Data Management Data management is a process in which the stored data is maintained systematically and allows proper retrieval of data JT Maps User Manual Chapter 1 Page 1 Introduction to GIS Analysis Analysis is an important function of GIS which answers the queries based the geographical feature their location with respect to other features in association with attribute data GIS integrates spatial and other kinds of information within a single system as it offers a consistent framework for analyzing geographical data by putting maps and other kinds of spatial information into digital form GIS allows us to manipulate and display geographical data in new and exciting ways The major advantages of GIS Is that it allows you to identifies the spatial relationship with the map features GIS gives a clear picture of what exists on earth in relation to non spatial attribute GIS stores the data which can be utilized in different ways to serve the different purposes Organizing data GIS software enables you to access manage analyze and present the data with ease It provides systematic organization of spatial database with corresponding map layers to provide rapid access to data elements required for geographic analysis Data integration GIS allows integration of different layers of data sets both spatial amp non spat
11. or Co ordinate transformation To achieve the purpose go to Menu bar gt or press Ctrl F2 The Tab Strip Window opens Set the parameters and press the Convert button ra E Tini Fike F Tom Coia Resull sos amn Transformation Window Transformation Parameter Window Transformation parameter window allows user to choose Projection Parameters Lat Long Mercator etc and select the Datum for layers JT Maps User Manual Chapter 15 Page 1 Projection Transformation Another tool provided by JT Maps is the Unit Converter tool It helps the user to convert an input data with a specified unit to equal values in other unit To get a feel of the same click BABE from Menu bar Go to a opens E Convertor File Edit Options Help OR press Ctrl F3 The following Tab Strip window x Accelaratan Amt of substance Area Computer Concentration Density Angle Distance Energy Flow Force Mass Power Pressure Speed Temprature Time Torque Wolume olume Dry Input Atmosphere Bar Centimeters of Mercury DynefSquare Centimeters KilgranSquare Centimet Kilogram square eters Kilopascal Megapascal Microbar Millibar Millimeters of Mercury Pascal Pounds Square Foots Input in Kilqrarm Square Output in Megqapascal Cutout Atmosphere Bar Centimeters of Mercury DynefSquare Centimeters KilqramSquare Centimet Kilogram square
12. 1 File Translator To import file s go to Tools Menu gt File Translator Choose the file format to be imported Ensure to tick on import radio button Now Click the Add Files button It opens the browser box Select the files to be imported Tick on the Specify option to browse the location for storage of imported file s Click the Convert button to initiate the import process Status area shows the successful importing of the selected file a JT File Translator a E x Choose Format To Import MIF Files rnif Di 2 a t e Sel Add Files Show Files Output Sy Same Folder As Source if Specify fe ast Tiffsexport Browse E3 Overwrite Existing Files Save Log Earners Reading witting Writing Region File Creating DBF File Creating Data File Import Successfully Completed Importing MIF File p_H 20A es mif Checking Input Files Reading Writing Writing Region File Creating DBF File Creating Data File Import Successtully Completed Data Export Following the above described steps user can Export the file s to other formats The export radio button need to be activated and destination directory to be defined Follow the steps as mentioned The status bar will indicate successful export of file s JT Maps User Manual Chapter 14 Page 2 Projection Transformation JT Maps allows user the facility for either file transformation
13. 18 ar JT Maps User Manual Chapter 6 Page 4 Editing Spatial Objects When working with spatial objects we need to edit the existing object or create new objects in a given layer JT Maps provides techniques for data creation and editing which involves conversion of data in analog form such as maps and satellite images into vector form and doing data manipulation Concept of Editable Layer Only one layer can be edited at a time To make a layer editable turn on the editable option for the layer on the layer control dialog box To do this Right Click gt View gt Layer Control Open the Layer Control select the layer and toggle the selectable option for the layer Only one layer can be made editable at a given time Layer Control Ee e x Ta Layer Name a a i oy a ro i EERE x x e x R IND state OR go to Digitization Menu gt Start Editing option and select the layer This option is also available by clicking the e in the drawing toolbar ELE Click the select button and choose the feature you want to edit To stop editing choose Digitization gt Stop Editing option Dialog box will prompt whether to save the changes made to the layer Layer Modified E x The layer has been modified Do you want to save changes You will not be able to undo changes once File is saved e e ewe JT Maps User Manual Chapter 7 Page 1 Editing Spatial Objects Showing Nodes on an Object To show nod
14. Charts On specifying the chart theme type to pie chart the theme generator creates a pie with each specified field forming a part of the pie This kind of theme is generally used when comparing values and observing the amount of share each field has in the entire group Graduated Graduated Theme generates a symbol for each record in your table the size of which is directly proportional to your data values Thus size of the symbol is a clear indication of the data value in the record Dot Dot Density gives a raw account of the field values In this theme every Density dot represents a value and the total number of dots are equal to the total data value of the field Unique The unique value theme is used to create themes where each unique Value value is given to color This kind of thematic maps are used when mapping a large dataset and trying to find out similar values For e g you can generate this theme if you want to find out which Districts in India have a Hospital JT Maps User Manual Chapter 10 Page 2 Thematic Maps Lets generate a Thematic map on Indian State on Range Value Select the Range option from the Create Thematic Map dialog box Set the Range parameters and follow the instructions The result below is the generated Thematic Map Displays your data according to ranges you set The ranges theme divides the data on the basis of number of ranges defined The user can specify the colors to be used with each particular rang
15. Ctrl F2 Ctrl F3 Fl JT Maps User Manual Chapter 2 Page 8 Maps amp Layers Features present on the earth surface like rivers forests trees houses etc are represented on a map through the combination of points lines and polygons GIS enables the user to store data in different set of layers for specific needs By using different colors widths patterns and symbols the features can be distinguished from each other and information can be conveyed about what each point line or area represents Geographic features shown on a map are composed of two types of data e Geographical features or Spatial q data NX e Attributes of these geographical features or non spatial data JT Maps stores all its data as jtv files Data in other formats needs to be converted into JT Maps file format before using with JT Maps software JT Maps provides tools for importing data from different format as well as export data to other formats See Data Exchange Chapter with JT Maps for more information To Open a Map Click on the File menu and select the Open Layer command It can be also accessed be clicking the open button on the In the open layer dialog go to the directory where the map is stored In this case IND_state jtv select it and click the Open button JT Maps User Manual Chapter 3 1 Maps amp Layers E IND country Jky INC district Jtv IND state Jtv Mu Doce My Computer fA es ee File name JIND_st
16. Meters Kilopascal Weqapasc Micrabar Millibar Millimeters of Mercury Pascal Pounds Square Foots OU OSU 6650 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 4 The above example reflects conversion of 1 Kilogram Square to Megapascal JT Maps User Manual Chapter 15 Page 2 Glossary Attribute Azimuth Axis Area Byte Coordinate System Coordinate Data Database Data Set Datum JT Maps User Manual A characteristic of a geographic feature described by numbers characters images and CAD drawings typically stored in tabular format and linked to the feature by a user assigned identifier e g the attributes of a well might include depth and gallons per minute The horizontal direction of a vector measured clockwise in degrees of rotation from the positive Y axis for example degrees on a compass A reference line in a coordinate system A closed figure polygon bounded by one or more lines enclosing a homogenous area and usually represented only in two dimensions Examples are provinces lakes census tracts and forest stands A memory and data storage unit composed of contiguous bits usually eight For example file sizes are measured in bytes or megabytes one million bytes Bytes contain values of 0 to 255 and most often represent integer numbers or ASCII characters e g a byte with an ASCII value of 77 represents a capital M A collection of bytes often 4 or 8 bytes represents real num
17. T Maps User Manual Chapter 7 Page 3 Editing Spatial Objects Select the object Click the Add node icon from the drawing tool bar Reon ae ee And click on the location for the new node Snap Tool Showing location of a node This gives an idea of where you could want your new node to be When you click the add node button the cursor changes to Click on the new location to add the new node New Node Added between the two existing nodes commands are available with the Editing Menu It is important to make the layer editable prior to execution of these functions These options are also available on Right Click pop up menu Select the object and perform the operation as shown in the figure below To Undo or Redo the changes made on a layer use the Undo and Redo options from Editing Menu JT Maps User Manual Chapter 7 Page 4 Editing Spatial Objects ye IT Maps END state al ohet Sot Sethe et Ue Lt Le fee tee tines i oe xXO QQOi sec knape le sew ese eB RD Yamn Distance Dim Seale Tom 2M m This feature provides facility to combine two overlappin olygons into a single polygon Select the polygons to be combines using shift and click EEA In the example below there are two polygons A and B The intersection is marked as C When combining the polygons the result is a single polygon with no intersection region
18. able in a large set of areas of operation JT Maps User Manual Chapter 12 Page 5 Map Composition For printing maps the Map Composition module supports functionalities to create print layouts To access the print layout window select the menu option File gt Map Composition or press Ctrl P Composition Widow provides some options for the user to prepare the layout for printing the map It enables the user to make the map explanatory by adding relevant information about the map like its orientation amp legend Political Map gt G 13 5 Demonsiration Map Noto Scale JT Maps User Manual Chapter 13 Page 1 Map Composition Various options accessible with Map Composition window are available through the toolbar shown below Aal hl Al Alcs alala Page Set Up Tool Helps adjust the size orientation and margin of the paper Print Tool Takes you to standard print option Select an Object Tool Enable to select any object e e F Deselect Tool Undo the previous operation Move Click on the icon and select an object It makes the selected object movable a Add Modify Tool Click on the icon and select the the text to modify or add a new one Modify Text Attribute Helps to change Font Text colour and its orientation a Insert Modify Tool It enables insertion of new Picture or modify an existing one oO Map Margin Tool Toggle it to display or hide the Map margin Legend Disp
19. ar ee eae OR Select View gt Pan Hold the mouse button down and click and drag the map around This feature includes a small navigator window which constantly provides a visual representation of where you are on a map via a Black Cross Bar It consists of a small window showing the map currently displayed on the map window in full extent The size of the rectangle depends on the current zoom extent of the map and encloses whatever is displayed on the map Thus in full extent it encloses the whole map as shown below Select T et IT Hiipa D_i ae Dax Hl amp ani TnI En Ha peA nae L3 SO Y 25 Se Detarnce On Seale 1 om HHI m Moving on the Map Using Navigator Take the cursor over cross hair on the navigator window Click and Drag the cross hair to any location on the map The map also moves in the Same direction JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 8 Map Viewing Zoom on Map and Navigate When zoom in operation is active the navigator window display the map in full extent to locate the position For navigation to an area of interest on the map shift the cross bar to that position d JT Maps IND state Fie View Scroll Raster Digitisation Editing Data Select Analysis Tools Help RQ i BSH kG a Navigation Window m 95 9479 Y 21 02374 Distance 0 m Scale 1 cm 59102 m Mi gt oom Inu A Map Window may have one or more layers open to represent the spatial data appro
20. ate Jtv Open aR Files of type ity Files jtv Cancel My M etrork Po E Open az read only Ms The above shown step opens the map window with the layer selected To minimize maximize and close the Map Window Er hare i_at E i b PEMD Ye 5 Diaa 0m eae om SMG To Close a Map Close the map window by clicking the button OR Click go to the File menu and select Close Layer command JT Maps User Manual Chapter 3 2 Maps amp Layers OR File gt Close Highlight the layer to be closed in this case IND_ state and click OK button If you want to close multiple layers simultaneously use the menu option File gt Close All Layer Click on the File menu and select the New or simply press Ctrl N OR clicking the new button on the Main Toolbar oO Laie me The New File dialog box open which has two tab windows Layer Tab The Layer Tab is for specifying the type of the layer to be created The choice Is between Point Line and Polygon It also provides options to specify the drawing settings of the layer RT x Layer Type 1 C Point C Line Polygon m File 2 Cte jtv 7 m Layer Settings Projection Settings Drawing Settings Specify the type of layer Only one ty
21. bers and integers larger than 255 A reference system used to measure horizontal and vertical distances on a plan metric map A coordinate system is usually defined by a map projection a spheroid of reference a datum one or more standard parallels a central meridian and possible shifts in the x and y directions to locate x y positions of point line and area features Data digitized by recording Cartesian coordinates which define boundary locations Also called polygon line or point based data A logical collection of interrelated information managed and stored as a unit usually on some form of mass storage system such as magnetic tape or disk A GIS database includes data about the Spatial location and shape of geographic features recorded as points lines areas pixels grid cells or tins as well as their attributes A named collection of logically related data items arranged in a prescribed manner A set of parameters and control points used to accurately define the three dimensional shape of the Earth e g as a spheroid The datum Is the basis for a planar coordinate system For example the Digitize Double Precision Easting Feature Format Index Layer Line Longitude Latitude Map Extend JT Maps User Manual Glossary North American Datum for 1983 NAD83 is the datum for map projections and coordinates within the United States and throughout North America 1 To encode geographic f
22. ble Fig 7 Once all the values have been fed and all the points have been registered the user can make corrections if any in the location of the registered points by selecting that point in the table and clicking on FOCUS The selected point will automatically be zoomed into the center of the screen Fig 8 Se one wr eer a Gens ante 7 te a E i Ta fe per oe Pe F aTa r Tajar Loen bee au 4 peia fee aes o ae can _ noe Teeni a eer Ee A E pT Fig 7 Fig 8 JT Maps User Manual Chapter 6 Page 3 Geo Referencing When the selected point is zoomed into the center of the screen the user can make the correction in the location of the point by clicking on GO TO and specifying the correct location where the user wants to shift that point The point will automatically shift from its current position to the new specified position Fig 9 pa Pare ee ek a B ne ee a m te a gpa i ariaa saaa Ma ee e Once all the corrections have been made the user can proceed on to next step by clicking O K on the table menu bar Fig 10 When the user clicks on the O K button the registered image will be saved automatically in the same folder and with the same name in J TV file format Now the user can proceed on to the process of data creation using the registered image in JT Maps THA mng Ar a ee LA BE E DE Da Arin ee i a G A r as bE iiki ea ee i a5 oi et HOG ee
23. ctricity poles banks and house Fig Houses as points Lines A line represents anything having length such as streets highways and rivers Fig River or Road as line Areas or Polygons Areas or polygons are closed figures that represent the shape and location of homogeneous features such as states countries soil types or land use zones and cities Fig An Area as polygon Attribute Data The second type of data used in a GIS Is attribute data An attribute data represents a set of information representative of spatial data For instance the spatial data might represent a country and contain information for city boundaries streets and attribute data giving information about the population area in sq mts and so on ves Spatial data Attribute data JT Maps User Manual Chapter 1 Page 3 Introduction to GIS GIS can be divided into two main types each having different methods of displaying and using maps and the data associating data with them Raster GIS A raster is a grid of cells overlaid on a map or picture On a computer display this is a matrix grid of pixels Each cell location has a value Raster data comprises of satellite imagery aerial photographs scanned images etc It is bulky and requires a large storage capacity Data are stored in a grid or matrix like structure as a set of rows and column Each cell within this grid contains a number representing a particular geographic feature suc
24. d from polygon A which was the bottom one as is now only a part of B Concept of Transparent Layer To do this Right Click gt Layer Control select the layer and enable the transparent option for the layer by clicking More than one layer can be made Transparent at a given time The tick mark indicates that the layer transparency is enabled Layer Control z ix Layer Name f k D IND_district aN an Al G xxix 5 The Streets layer becomes transparent JT Maps User Manual Chapter 7 Page 7 I mage Processing Image Processing is used for data processing to analyze enhance interpret or display satellite images or aerial photographs It has the feature of processing high resolution imagery into quality raster data products The enhancement techniques are employed to increase the contrast brightness of an image Therefore the distinction of features in the scene can easily be performed by visualization This augments the efficiency of image for interpretation JT Maps permit Image Processing through its in built module called J T Spectral Run the JT Maps software and once JT Maps window opens Go To Sine Le ecole OR press JT Spectral window opens or Click icon from tool bar and select the image to open JT Spectral supports various formats like tiff img omp J peg IRS 1C 1D Spot and LISS image JT Spectral allows user to apply Layer Combination Red Green Blue change br
25. e button on the View Toolbar Keeping your finger pressed drag a box over an area on the Map Window Release the mouse button to finish off the operation JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 3 Map Viewing Zoom by Factor This feature allows to zoom in or zoom out on the map by factor of your choice Its useful when you know to what extent you want to view the map To zoom in on the layer by a factor select View gt Zoom By Factor or use the shortcut key Zoom Window E The screenshot below shows the extent of map when we zoom by a factor of 3 oom by factor IT ig DS ctate Fie view Sool Rase Deylicalion Edig Date Seeu Analysis Took Heip Xema vena Diaea Om Seme 1 em SMES im MW Zoom Int Zoom by Percentage This feature allows zooming on the map by a percentage To zoom in on the layer by percentage value Select View Menu gt Zoom to Percentage Zoom Window The screenshot below shows the extent of map when zoomed by 200 Zoom to percentage 200 JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 4 Map Viewing a lt JT Maps IND state File view Scroll Raster Digitisation Editing Data Select Analysis Tools Help Ramin see k na a 85 29348 r 15 21679 Distance U m Seale 1 om 122167 m Mw Zoom Indl Zoom to Select This feature allows to zoom to the selected region on the map Click the select onthe drawing toolbar
26. e an Overlay e peration ktoe Select L to Dissolve TA Dissolve Themes ye eee JIND_state E C Clip Themes Select Field to Dissolve PA C Append Themes Bf Union Themes m pf ff Q OO 1 Choose an Overlay Operation among the Radio Buttons 2 Select the Layer to Perform Overlay 3 Select field 4 Select Output File Path 5 Option to Add the Generated Layer to the Map 6 Click the Generate Button to Perform Overlay JT Maps User Manual Chapter 11 Page 4 Buffer and Overlay To perform the Overlay operations select the dissolve themes from the overlay operation Select layer to dissolve from the various layers opened in the map window Select field to dissolve from the different fields in the attached database Specify the output file name and the path in the output box Click on generate button to get the desired result as shown below Similar operations are performed for Clip themes and Append themes options JT Maps User Manual Chapter 11 Page 5 Network Analysis There are a variety of services available in the real world which depend on the establishment of relationships between one point and another and finding optimal solutions for traversal between these objects it is clear that these utility services use a set of connected linear features called network Hence it can be said that a network forms one of the primary infrastructures of the modern world The form
27. e displayed as an area e g contours roads and streams A digital line begins and ends with a node A line on a map e g a neat line Angular distance in degrees minutes and seconds of a point east or west of the Greenwich meridian Angular distance in degrees minutes and seconds of a point north or south of the Equator 1 The rectangular limits x min y min and x max y max of the area of the Earth s surface displayed Map extent Is specified in the coordinate system of the coverage or other geographic data set used Typically the extent of the geographic database or a portion of it defined by a zoomed in view defines the map extent for display 2 The geographic extent of a geographic data set specified by the minimum bounding rectangle i e x min y min and x max y max Map Projection Nothings Point Polygon Parallel Region Skew Spatial Data Spline JT Maps User Manual Glossary A mathematical model that transforms the locations of features on the Earth s surface to locations on a two dimensional surface Because the Earth is three dimensional some method must be used to depict a map in two dimensions Some projections preserve shape others preserve accuracy of area distance or direction See also coordinate system Map projections project the Earth s surface onto a flat plane However any such representation distorts some parameter of the Earth s surface be it distance area
28. e unit To view Legend cr EES NESSIE DSSS lO Tis ji TRA Fl erage Por AA Gra frien fri TTI fri JT Maps IND state File View Scroll Raster Digitisation Editing Data Ox amni T FG Select ammu amp Kashmir Himachal Pradesh Haryana Arunachal Pradesh gt Individual for AREA _ 0 009534 48 74215 184 9837 268 1571 303 3449 576 0615 1406 825 of fe fe 3117 07 5 Pondicherry m E E E m 105 95047 7 20 09822 hiw Zoom Inri Distance 0 m Scale 1 cm 250426 m JT Maps User Manual Chapter 10 Page 3 Thematic Maps Similarly to create Bar Chart go to Analysis Menu gt Thematic Map Choose Bar option Highlight the field on which bar chart need to be created on a particular layer 1 Select the field parameters either AREA POINTS etc in this case 2 Option to select color scheme as per user requirement 3 Preview of the bar free oe Se bea Diea Th The software will itself guide you to Bar Chart Settings options Set the parameters and click OK button The example below shows bar chart on area of different Indian States Bar Chart Settings E x Title Bar Chart for AREA AREA _ AREA Bar Chart E ar width 7 User Gradient Effect M Show In Legend lw Bar Height 40 a z isible gd Back Cancel OF JT Maps User Manual Chapter 10 Page 4 Thematic Maps Figure bel
29. e you want to add a new field by the name of Population follow the following steps Click on the Field text box When you see a blinking cursor type in the name of the field Populatior Click the button to add the field Type of the field can be defined from the drop down menu bar The final screen looks like JT Maps User Manual Chapter 3 5 Maps amp Layers FieldName Field Type width SFATIAL_ID Mumeric Population Character AL Field Mame Cd Type Character Gize A v ie Back Hest gt gt Finigh Cancel Saving New or Modified Layer To save changes made on a layer click on the File menu and select Save Layer command or simply press Note This options is enabled only when you make changes on a open layer and incase multiple layers are open this command saves changes to only the editable layer Concept of Editable Layer JT Maps allows the user to open more than one layer at a time But it allows editing or modification of only one layer at a time To modify an existing layer make the layer editable JT Maps User Manual Chapter 3 6 Map Viewing JT Maps provides easy access to various commands from toolbar This chapter provides the instructions on viewing maps and moving around a map in JT Maps et JT Mapes IMD state Fin wiew Sool Rasher agitation Eding Cota Select Snake Took Help H Oak bed SY ep ARE r 0100617 Y 7 00041 D
30. eatures in digital form as x y coordinates 2 The process of using a digitizer to encode the locations of geographic features by converting their map positions to a series of X y coordinates stored in computer files Pushing a digitizer button records an x y coordinate A digitized line is created by recording a series of x y coordinates Refers to a level of coordinate accuracy based on the possible number of significant digits that can be stored for each coordinate Whereas single precision coverages can store up to 7 significant digits for each coordinate and thus retain a precision of 1 metre in an extent of 1 000 000 metres double precision coverages can store up to 15 significant digits per coordinate typically 13 14 Significant digits and therefore retain the accuracy of much less than 1 metre at a global extent The x coordinates in a plane coordinate system see northings An object or aspect of the earth s surface such as a road vegetation or town site On a map a map feature The arrangement of data in record or file Special data structure used in a database to speed searching for records in tables or spatial features in geographic data sets Layers organize a database or map library by subject matter e g soils roads and wells Conceptually layers in a database or map library environment are exactly like coverages A set of ordered coordinates that represents the shape of a geographic entity too narrow to b
31. eference an image open the image which is to be geo referenced Spectral gt Raster gt Georeferencing PE kib B r Re ee EN me rr ri E CEJ i ve ny de 2 ee ert ts a A i riche at ee x F Ai PI i r T s 4 oyu i T ai ee 3 i s i e Pae aml l la iim a L Fig 1 Click on raster in the tool bar and select the option of Geo referencing Fig 1 A dialogue window will appear which has the details about the projection types datum types units of projection etc Fig 2 Projection Type Non Earth Mode Projection Type Albers Equal Area Conic Datum ADINDAN Burkina Faso Output Unit Inches ZONE lo WN Input Coordinates in degrees Projection Parameters Central Meridian jo Standard Parallel jo jo second Parallel jo jo Pole Parallel jo jo False Marthingim jo First Parallel Pole Meridian False Easting mi Scale Factor i Note All values are to be given in degrees rea Fig 2 JT Maps User Manual Chapter 6 Page 1 Geo Referencing The user can select the type of projection to be used from the list of projections in the drop down menu Fig 3 Projection Type Albers Equal 4rea Conic Albers Equal 4rea Conic Lambert Azinuthal Equal Area Lambert Conframal conic D atum LatLong Mercator Oblige Mercator Polyconic Input Coordinates in degrees Output Unit Fig 3 User can also select the Da
32. ens Create Thematic Map Q Ranges Parameters Range Type Equal Range tts Title Sei PARTS Range 1 Range 2 Mo of Ranges fS o f Range 3 Roundotf Value Mone Range 4 Range 5 Color Scheme Grey Scale Solid Cancel Next gt gt 1 ___ Select the layer on which to create the thematic map Select the type of theme to be generated A Select the theme options These are specific for the various theme types JT Maps User Manual Chapter 10 Page 1 Thematic Maps Ranges Displays your data according to ranges you set The ranges theme divides the data on the basis of number of ranges defined The user can specify the colors to be used with each particular range unit Equal Ranges The entire range is divided into equal spaced sections and the theme Is created on the basis of it Equal Count the total numbers of units which are being considered for creating the theme are divided into equal sized groups and the theme is generated on the basis of that Quantile The entire data set is divided into quantile groups and the ranging is done on the basis of it Bar Charts Bar Chart theme generator creates bars corresponding to each specified field of theme creation This type of theme can be used to analyze multiple variables per record on the map An instant comparison can be made between the sizes of the bars in each chart to obtain information about records in the data set Pie
33. eographic feature they represent Distortion from the true or symmetrical form A term often used in remote sensing to denote distortion of a digital image due to the earth s rotation or due to the movement of a satellite along its path Information about the location and shape of and relationships among geographic features usually stored as coordinates and topology A mathematical curve used to smoothly represent spatial variation A spline operation inserts vertices to create a curve in an arc See also grain tolerance and density Symbol Symbol Table Vector JT Maps User Manual Glossary A graphic pattern used to represent a feature For example line symbols represent arc features marker symbols points shades symbols polygons and text symbols annotation Many characteristics define symbols including color size angle and pattern See also text symbol marker symbol shade symbol and line symbol Tables which contain information about a database such as the data dictionary and database transactions A coordinate based data structure commonly used to represent linear geographic features Each linear feature is represented as an ordered list of vertices Traditional vector data structures include double digitized polygons and arc node models
34. es on an object Select the object and click button in the drawing toolbar P Object showing nodes Snap Tool The Snap tool indicates the presence of a node on an object It does this by changing the mouse cursor to a crosshair whenever the mouse cursor hovers over a node This helps in pinpointing the location of a node and thus you can select it or drag as per our requirement The cross hair cursor showing presence of a node You can activate the snap tool by checking the Snap option in the Digitization menu or by simply pressing the OMe re To move an object select the object using select tool Keeping the mouse button pressed drag the object to the new location and release the button JT Maps User Manual Chapter 7 Page 2 Editing Spatial Objects Select the object to be resized note the four edit handles click and drag on any of the four edit handles to increase decrease the size of the object Click on any handle and drag inside or outside to increase or decrease size respectively Edit Handles To reshape an object select the object Then click the Show Nodes E icon from the Drawing Toolbar to allow display of nodes Click and drag on the nodes to reshape the object Note Show Nodes will display nodes only if a single object is selected However if more than one object is selected the nodes will disappear automatically as shown below Nodes disappear on multiple select J
35. es the status of preview of the objects in then layer If off the preview cannot be seen and vice versa Default state is on JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 13 Map Viewing Label Settings This specifies where the labels will be placed with respect to every object Select the layer in the layer control and click the Label button The following dialog opens Label Settings x Label Field Spatial_Id Line Label Style Horizontal E Flacement State a On Off Allow Overlapping KO Transparent Labels fw e E cl Text On Mouseover Lash Its a combo box to specify the field in the record set to be used as a label for each object The default field is Spatial_id The offset specifies how far the label will further move from the current position Will specify the orientation of the Line Label It toggles the display of labels Default state is off Specifies the orientation of label within an object Default is Center To set Font Parameters Type Style and Size By Default the labels are displayed in the center and are based on the spatial_ id As shown below JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 14 Map Viewing Changing the Settings 1 Click the drop down menu and select a different field name 2 Change the orientation for the label to top 3 Change the offset to 2 This will further move the label above by 4 The new label display is as follows HARYANA
36. ge 4 Network Analysis To know the direction of travel from the first point to the last point click the Direction button on the dialog box A new window opens giving the direction to be taken to travel from starting point to the destination point The figure below confirms the result ed JT Maps Water_Bodi File View Scroll Raster Digitisation Editing Data Select Analysis Tools Help Dmx Rani nagn kV oe ll a j net txt Notepad i File Edit Format Help Starting from odel Trawel on 5252 for 115 91 Mts Take a right turn from MINOR ROAD onto 2549 Travel on 259 for 50 9 mts Continue straight onto 261 Travel on 261 Tor 63 04 mts Take a left turn from MINOR ROAD onto 5257 Travel on 5257 for 575 85 Mts Take a left turn from MAJOR ROAD onto 277 Travel on 277 for 688 51 Mts Take a right turn from MINOR ROAD onto 5281 Travel on 5281 for 1157 18 pits Continue straight onto 341 Travel on 341 for 1145 6 Mts Continue straight onto 374 Travel on 374 Tor 1171 28 Mts Continue straight onto 3846 a Travel on 386 for 603 2 Mts 2 Take a left turn from MINOR ROAD onto 395 i om a a yY a alge zE pam ae i T f ake per a ee NS wae SSAI E E ANANE age In this manner the system can perform a variety of network related activities The set of configurable options allow the system to be highly flexible and at the same applic
37. h as soil type land use etc A raster is a grid of cells overlaid on a map or picture On a computer display this is a matrix grid of pixels Each cell s location is identified and has a value Vector GIS Vector data records spatial information as x y coordinates in a rectangular planar coordinate system Point features are recorded as single x y locations Line features including the outlines of polygons are recorded as an ordered series of x y coordinates Vector data is suitable for recording the location of discrete geographic features with precise locations like streets boundaries streams telephone poles etc In the vector data model features on the earth are represented as e Points e Lines route e Polygons regions A coordinate system specifies the units used to locate features in two dimensional space and the origin point of those units The most common being latitude and longitude coordinate system often called the geographic coordinate system An intersection of both these values in degrees minutes amp seconds gives the location of geographic feature on the earth surface The Prime Meridian and the Equator are the reference planes used to define longitude and latitude respectively Prime Meridian is referred to the zero degree line that runs from North Pole to South Pole Every country has its own prime meridian and when the sun shines overhead these prime meridians the country observes twelve o cloc
38. hapter 7 Editing Spatial Objects 7 This chapter explains the spatial data creation and editing of spatial objects using JT Maps e Chapter 8 I mage Processing 5 This chapter describes the features supported by the Image Processing module of JT Maps JT Maps User Guide 1 Overview Chapter 9 Query and Data Manipulation 4 This chapter explains the operations related to non spatial attribute data including query analysis on spatial and non spatial data Chapter 10 Thematic Mapping 5 Functionality to create thematic maps through ranges bar amp pie charts have been explained here Chapter 11 Buffer amp Overlay 5 Creation of buffer and options under overlay analysis supported by JT Maps has been explained here in this chapter Chapter 12 Network Analysis 4 Chapter 13 Data Exchange Chapter 14 Map Composition Chapter 15 Projection Transformation JT Maps is comprehensive and easy to use GIS software An integrated system incorporating image processing digitization and analysis will help you work both quickly and efficiently Built in accordance with industry standards it provides exceptional yet intuitive capabilities Designed from ground up JT Maps provides a level of functionality that has never been seen before in a GIS product Key features include Image processing which supports a range of satellite data formats Data Creation Analysis Spatial Analysis Network Analysis SQL support Externa
39. hat contains the length of the line segment of the network Now when defining the network parameters we will assign the weight as the length of the road the impedance as the category of the road namely 1 2 or 3 and the relationship may be multiplication This way a road of category A of length 10 km s will be preferred over a road of category B of 6 kilometers JT Maps User Manual Chapter 12 Page 2 Network Analysis e The one way will define any object which can only be traversed in one direction this field will be used in evaluating possible roads that may not be used when traveling from one direction f The Network Direction parameters define the fields which will be used to create the driving direction instruction set The fields required are i Name of the object li Major landmarks used for defining change in direction lil The unit of the weight of the object g The check box with the name Rebuild should be checked if the user is aware that the same parameters have been used for previously defining the topology but the user would like to force the rebuilding of the network 3 The user will then click the Build Network button to create the topology and prepare the system for the network analysis Once the network is created the user has the option of clicking the destination points on the map using the mouse or using a pre existing point dataset for defining the destinations 4 The nodes clicked can be manipula
40. hi So Select an object To zoom in on the object select View gt Zoom to select JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 5 Map Viewing Zoom to Layer Whenever more than one layer is open select the layer on which to operate zoom function The example below has two layers World Map amp India Map To zoom to a specific layer select the layer as shown in Select Layer dialog box below ee Select INDSTATE and click Ok The INDSTATE map is now displayed on the map window as shown JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 6 Map Viewing ee JT Maps i0 _state alg gt O Fia wew Sool Flaster Cagieeation Cdting Deta Select Analysis Toas Hap 3 X Dox aami ke eo HAREA H alee eo a l i Wapioogr vezo Dintance 0m Scale 1 cm 250M26 m MW Zoom Inv Full Extent This feature scales the map to an extent where it is possible to view all objects in the layer To zoom to a level where it is possible to view all objects in the Layer that is active select OR Click the full extent button from the toolbar y JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 7 Map Viewing Pan This feature refers to moving around the map Its useful when you have zoomed in on the map and want move around at the same extent To move the viewing window up down or sideways to display areas that lie outside the Fi Ut nm window select the Grabber from the view toolb
41. ial where each layer represents a particular type of geographic data A typical example is shown in the figure below Residential Area Ea 5 Road Network i Sewerage Pipeline Open Space gt Vegetative Cover Fig Different layers with specific data Such a combination of data allows the user to identify areas of allocation for various purpose besides helping them to carry overlay analysis generate buffer zones and proximity analysis Making Data Presentable GIS enables presentation of spatial data in different ways For e g thematic map displays only selected kinds of information relating to specific themes such as soil land use population density and so on JT Maps User Manual Chapter 1 Page 2 Introduction to GIS GIS mainly consists of two types of data spatial and attribute data Spatial data consists of the geographical features and attribute data compromises of the numeric data Spatial data Spatial data contains coordinates and identifies information for various map features Spatial data means data pertaining to the location of geographical entities together with their spatial dimensions Spatial data are classified as point line area or surface to describe particular features on maps like buildings streets or cities as points line or area Points Points represents any features that can be described as an x y location on the face of the earth such as shopping centers ele
42. ick on the field The field turns to text mode When an insertion cursor appears type in the new field Look the example below The new field added as abcd To add a field click the Add button To delete a field select the field to be deleted and then click the Delete button Table Structure Field Mame Type Size Field Mame Type S ZE Character Character poe owoae a eej Delete OK JT Maps User Manual Chapter 9 Page 4 Thematic Maps Thematic maps are those maps that show the distribution of a single attribute characteristic or the relationship between several attributes Thematic maps can cover a variety of characteristics from soil types to climate to population density GIS helps display the correct distribution or the relationship between the various attributes either on map in tabular form or both Normally the creation of a thematic map involves a process of compilation which includes the collection and manipulation of data from a variety of sources to produce a new product Scaling of thematic maps depends on the data types and accuracy With better availability of data thematic maps can be made with a larger scale to show more accurate spatial information What makes a good thematic map is its accomplishment mainly with the marks and symbols that one uses to represent the data Creating Thematic Maps To initiate theme choose IN e N or select Ea icon from toolbar The following dialog box op
43. ightness and contrast property of the image for better clarity Example below depicts the same To applying layer combination go to Ven menu gt enna or click i icon from toolbar The following dialog box appears pam Layer Combination a x W Green JLaper 3 V Blue Layer 2 n e we JT Maps User Manual Chapter 8 Page 1 I mage Processing Notice the difference in image quality with different Layer Combination Above left image has Red color as Layer 1 Green as Layer 3 and Blue as Layer 2 The one on the right has Red Green and Blue as Layer 1 2 and 3 respectively Effecting Brightness and Contrast property Raster Menu gt Brightness Contrast Apply settings for best image The image on the right has the best brightness and contrast combination Brightness Contrast 50 Brightness jm 21 Contrast ee eo ex GOO Ss BBG The figure above has the best combination ol brightness and contrast Relish the quality of the image The dialog box shows two screens The one on the left depicts the original and the one on the right previews the change in both these properties to the user before he can apply the new settings Notice the blur ness JT Maps User Manual Chapter 8 Page 2 I mage Processing JT Spectral extends the feature of applying various Filters to the image To apply filters go to SE Men gt Filters You get various filter choices l
44. ike Linear Statistical and Custom Images can also be sharpened to remove blur ness as shown in the image below Disi pl E Se i See Pee g Sr hogs SESS Blurred I mage Sharpened I mage Notice the clarity Ripple marks on water clearly visible The software also facilitates generation of negative image of any given imagery as and when the user needs it Go to Raster Menu gt Negative XHaenDe Ons O EEROR RED Original I mage Generated Negative JT Maps User Manual Chapter 8 Page 3 I mage Processing A raster data satellite imagery aerial photographs etc contains various types of information To retrieve information of the opened image Click on Information Menu and select between any three option The following example shows the same For image Information information Mane gt eran or click A icon on the toolbar ex GQnra bt File Hare East inap bi lives ath 200 liege Hep IUH biraya Liigi 24 4 Ready Scale Aris Roa F LoL J3 hun For Layer Information go to lieformiation menu gt layerinie or click icon on the toolbar SS all ax HE TOT RETZ The Histogram button generates histogram of the said image liM JT Maps User Manual Chapter 8 Page 4 I mage Processing To generate histogram click on the Histogram button as shown above The resulting histogram is shown below ea Se pra Bi lesley Mutoh tae hoe EIS
45. ing case of a Rectangle Select E ui 2 OG eee ee E aa 7 bit oa nea vanan Tames st fakes gt Notice these regions though LAm eena egg regres wae gt within the rectangle are not MEXJIN S ereti NERE selected as shown in the map Fo Hee e eee ae a to Weir Dusas cm Tama a m CE JT Maps User Manual Chapter 5 Page 4 Selecting Objects This ie selects objects based on a SQL query on the non spatial attributes of the layer Generate SOL Query Fields Fis Fis Tables UND_ST_1 OE a Aggregates g 7 View Non Spatial Information Functions IND_ST_1 AREA_ gt 80000 Selects the Layer for Query gt Select the field to perform the query on gt Select the arithmetic operator gt Select the mathematical operation Selects various Query functions Mote Comparisons are case sensitive Group By Order By Close Reset Validate Execute Once the query criteria is fulfilled click Execute button The State with an area greater than 80 000 Sq kms gets highlighted as depicted on the map below eT Magre IND district ND state o l l Pis Vew Sool Raster Dig iaton Edig Data Select Analysis Took Hsp 4 fhi AA LS Ta EO URES RG Z R ye Reo Xe BONS V 71GB Distance Di Seale 1 em 2S m MW Zoom int JT Maps User Manual Chapter 5 Page 5 Geo Referencing To register or to geor
46. istance Om Scale 1 em 250426 m MAW Zoom In The map shown in the figure is in Full Extent mode i e the size of the map is best fit in the given window It provides visibility to all the objects of the layer If required to enlarge a portion of the map for better viewing JT Maps provides various options to zoom in the map Zoom In Some of the ways to zoom in on a map are Zoom in by a factor Zoom in percentage Elastic Zoom Here you provide your own variable area for zooming Fixed zoom in F For fixed zoom in click on o menu and select the _ icon It can be also accessed be clicking the icons on the View Toolbar QRQwit ase JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 1 Map Viewing E Ho ee Eri iho S08 fs 30 a To zoom in by specifying your own area select the z button on the View Toolbar Keeping your finger pressed on the mouse button drag a box over an area on the Map Window then release the mouse button to finish off ae pme Ea Zoom Out It is opposite of zoom in Ways to zoom out on a map are to either zoom out by a factor or provide your own variable area for zooming out se To fix zoom out click on View menu and select the Icon It can be also accessed be clicking the Zoom out button on the View Toolbar QQyi has JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 2 Map Viewing i wer mia a AE Dau eaniesea MOaGPlIO ce To zoom out by specifying your own area select th
47. k in the noon Equator is the zero degree parallel that runs east to west dividing the earth into two similar hemispheres It is also called zero degree latitude Latitude of a point is the angle from the equatorial plane to the vertical direction of a line normal to the reference ellipsoid These are the lines running parallel to equator JT Maps User Manual Chapter 1 Page 4 Introduction to GIS Longitude of a point is the angle between a reference plane and a plane passing through the point both planes being perpendicular to the equatorial plane N Northern Hemisphere Pole Geodetic Height of Point P P L Paint F Blhipsaid Surtace Semi Minor Aces Tangent to Ellipse at Point F Hormal to Longitude Semi Major z Equator Southern Hemisphere Maps are representation of the surface of the earth or of some portion of it showing the relative position of the parts represented usually on a flat surface In general it represents earth features on a sheet of paper in context of its latitude and longitude value to validate its exact location on the earth A map projection is a process to translate features on the globe onto the flat surface of your map In other words it s an attempt to portray the surface of the earth or a portion of the earth on maps There are five methods of projections They are Cylindrical Conical Mercator Stereoscopic and Orthoscopic All Earth s features are
48. l Database connectivity Export Import compatible with industry standard data formats Projection Transformation JT Maps User Guide li Overview Software The desktop PC where you will be installing J T Maps should have e Windows 2000 with SP4 Windows XP with SP1 or above Hardware Minimum configuration required for running JT Maps is e PIII 933MHz with 128MB Ram Recommended hardware e PIV with 256MB Ram JT Maps User Guide ili Introduction to GIS Definition Geographic Information System GIS is a computer based integrated technology where geographic data along with it s attributes from various sources are fed into a system for storage retrieval manipulation and display There are many definitions of GIS with each definition reflecting an individual perception of GIS and the type of problem statement he is addressing to These activities reflect the larger context in which people carry out their work GIS can be broadly segregated into four different classes as shown below Hardware PC Software GIS Image Mainframe Laptops Processing packages Plotters Printers and Operating systems Doer One who Data Maps performs various Imageries Attribute analyses combining all data three elements The Livewire Data I nput Output GIS accepts data from different sources in different forms Some of the main sources of GIS data are digital analog maps aerial photographs satellite imageries and
49. lay Tool Toggel it to make the legend of the map visible or hidden CF Zoom in Click on the icon to zoom the map window iol Zoom out Click on the icon to zoon out of the map window JT Maps User Manual Chapter 13 Page 2 File Translator Geographic Information System incorporates data from various sources hence it becomes imperative that data files with different format need to be imported or exported for compatibility J T Maps supports data import of different format other than jtv thus rendering it compatible with JT Maps software Once imported the data becomes editable for user to effect changes or manipulate as per the requirement We take a look at these options to understand the way its been done Import allows user to bring in data of different formats to a single format JT Maps supports importing of data formats other than jtv files into jtv formats To import data Tools Menu gt The following dialog box appears a JT File Translator EB 4 a o Format To Import les 2 oll ees sient ht nn OeAnet 1 List the details of files to be Sf e imported Output 2 Radio buttons to specify a a C Same Folder As Source ne Specify Browse x Overwrite Existing Files choice In this case Import 3 Specify the output source Status Where to store the imported files 4 List the status done undone of Import Export process JT Maps User Manual Chapter 14 Page
50. le Translator Projection Transtarmation Ctrl F Opens Projection Transformation Dialog Unit Converter Ctrl F Box File Translator Ctrl F Opens Unit Converter Dialog Box JT Maps User Manual Chapter 2 Page 5 JT Maps User I nterface Contents Fi Opens JT Maps User Manual Keyboard Shortcuts Opens keyboard instruction for operation visit Web Site Connects to JT Maps web site About JT Maps Display information about J T Maps Main Toolbar Creates a New Layer Opens an Existing Layer Closes a Layer Saves the Layer Map Toolbar Zoom In Zoom Out Grabber to pan on Map Window Information Tool Fixed Zoom in Fixed Zoom out Full Extent button to view complete map Distance measuring tool Select Toolbar Select Tool LY oe v Line Select a eee Sf Tajir Daaba nala Calaat JT Maps User Manual JT Maps User Interface Drawing Toolbar Editing button to start editing Create point data Create polylines Create polygon Node select Add node to a an object Miscellaneous Toolbar Opens SQL Query dialog box Theme Creation Opens Create Link dialog Chapter 2 Page 7 JT Maps User Interface Key Ctrl N Ctrl O Ctrl S Shift Ctrl F4 Ctrl W Ctrl N Ctrl L F8 F12 F9 F7 F5 F6 Ctrl E Ctrl F Ctrl Z Ctrl X Ctrl C Ctrl V Ctrl G Ctrl D Ctrl A Ctrl Q Ctrl T Ctrl B Ctrl Y Ctrl Ctrl F1
51. llows the user to change minimum maximum value of colour and select options like displaying the Label etc Lat 4 H vl ar bel Jem Demie Ever hd d fae Tg tin Ch Shams be ogee l a ZE s mli 1 cancel m JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 16 Selecting Objects Selection is an important tool which provides information to the software as to what the user wants to act upon It is one of the fundamental tools that the user must know Concept of Selectable Layer A user can perform operations on an object in the layer only if it is highlighted To do this open the Layer Control select the layer and toggle the selectable option for the layer Only one layer can be selected at a given time Layer Control E x iz Layer Name S y ra IND district x x x x x x x x JT Maps provides various selection options One can access the different select options from the Select Menu Opens Dialog Box to Select a Layer to Open Activates Select Tool to Select a Feature Layer Point ji Rectangle Rectangle Select Tool Radial Select Tool Radial Polygon Select Tool al Polygon Opens Query Dialog Box SQL Select Ctrl o These options are also available on the a JT Maps User Manual Chapter 5 Page 1 Selecting Objects The Single Select icon highlights one object at a time Click the on the select toolbar and click on the corresponding map to select the area of in
52. lt are reflected upon analysis After loading the layers the following set of steps must be performed JT Maps User Manual Chapter 12 Page 1 Network Analysis 1 Select Analysis from Menu bar gt Network gt Start or press Ctrl K Dialog box opens to set Network Parameters Network Analysis E x Select Layer Vector ki Parameters Weight Wy eights g Impedence l mpedances gt id eion Oneway Field lt Oneway gt Rebuild a Network Directions Name Names Be Landmark Landmarks bi Units Unita 2 Build Network Add Nodes Using Mouse All Objects in a Paint Laver Select Layer Cancel 2 The user is required to fill in the required set of parameters for building a topology which will further be used for conducting the network analysis The parameters included are a Layer on which the network analysis and topology creation will take place b The weight field will define the weight of each object in the network c The impedance field defines the impedance associated with traveling on that object this impedance is defined as a relationship with the weight of the object d Relationship field defines the relationship between the weight of the object and its corresponding Impedance For e g if we consider a standard road network with three categories of road A B and C We give the values of 1 2 and 3 to A B and C respectively We have a field defined t
53. ntage JT Maps User Manual Chapter 2 Page 2 JT Maps User I nterface Shows Layer Control Dialog L Control Ctrl L m Shows Legend Window Legend Shows the Navigator Window Navigator z Opens Info Dialog Box of the Active Lawer Info zoom In Zooms in on an Area of Map Window MN zoom Gut Zooms out of an Area of Map Full Extent FS Window Fits the Map to Window Zoom to Selection Fiz Zooms the Selected Area on a Map ER ath ou aa eter Zooms in by a Chosen Factor 200m bo Percentage a Zooms in by a Chosen Percentage zoom To Scale Fo Zooms in or out to a Chosen Scale Provides the option to alter the band Band Combination combination of a multispectral image Displays the information for the image Image Information Transparency Creates transparency of an image Opens JT Spectral module for Image Processing E Image Processing Ctrl I JT Maps User Manual Chapter 2 Page 3 Sek Style fF Start Editing Ctrl E Stop Editing H Show Modes Agd Node Snap Finish Object Eri F JT Maps User Interface To set the pen brush setting of a point line or polygon feature Opens the dialog box where you can select the layer to be edited Stops editing Shows nodes of the object in an editable layer Option to add nodes to an object Snaps a node to the nearest existing node Completes the object creation in the given layer KI Undo Ctrl z Topy Ctrl Z J Cut Ct
54. ow shows Bar Chart for Area for different States of India To view Legend Right IT Mapa IMD state A i l Fin Vere Seral Roio Deien Edi Daa Baki Anaya Taah Hii 8 DEXA RADIA EC keOooe Aroan R a E ti anini p r piy ail yp od 1 Il a a rd Ae me 7 _ an Pradesh Netty ete s _ ir P aiis ze Gy hel aaa an 1 a ht a Chhaiiagert Fi Daman ry Wit tie iib ie ae i Bar Chart for ARPA A Ada Priti i E AREA A a ot f i Tard kiah b l i N Fi i oo l E kwam Wet 75g Distance im Seale 1 em a SME m Thus we see that generating Thematic Maps with different set of themes becomes easy using JT Maps The above mentioned steps can be followed to generate Thematic Maps using other theme options provided by the software JT Maps User Manual Chapter 10 Page 5 Buffer and Overlay Functions of GIS not only helps generating Thematic Maps ranged colour maps or symbol maps to denote intensity of a mapped variable or overlaying of different pieces of information but also helps creating buffer areas around selected features In this chapter we take a look at how JT Maps helps generate buffer zones and assist in overlay analysis Among the simpler GIS applications buffering is a process of identifying objects within a specified distance of a reference object The reference object may be a point location a line or a polygon It creates a new polygon around the reference object
55. pe can be chosen at a time Specify the location of the new file Specify the setting for drawing the object JT Maps User Manual Chapter 3 3 Maps amp Layers Settings You can change the drawing settings for each layer type This corresponds to the way the objects of the type will be drawn on the layer Layer Tab The Layer Tab is for specifying the type of layer The choice is between Line Polygon and Point It also provides options to specify the settings for drawing that corresponding object SN x Layer Type 1 Point C Line Polygon File O m Layer Settings Projection Settings Drawing Settings Finish Cancel Specify the type of layer Only one type can be chosen at a time Specify the location of the new file Specify the setting for drawing the object JT Maps User Manual Chapter 3 4 Maps amp Layers Table Tab The table tab provides facility to create the fields for the non spatial record set to be associated with the new layer Field Name Field Type width SFATIAL_ID Mumeric Field Hame Type Character Gize Displays the field names in the non spatial record set Default field is Spatial_ id Enter the name of new field Enter data type for new field Buttons to add or delete fields from the record set Buttons to alter the position of fields Enter size for new field This is applicable only if the data type is character Example Suppos
56. priately With this concept of layering the Layer Control provides a way for the user to specify how the various layers are ordered and various options of controlling the behavior of a layer The Layer Control gets active only when there is at least one layer open It gives the user a collection of layers currently open and all options available to control a layer s behavior JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 9 Map Viewing Select View gt Layer Control or simply right click on the map View gt Layer Control Layer Control Dialog Box opens as shown below Layer Control E X ix Layer Name D j i Gn To DE Tre x gt x I IND_state x x Up Y Down ge Top Bottom jC Remove Refresh gff Settings OK In the above screenshot you see a list of layers open at a time There are 2 layers opened simultaneously Layer Control I nterface Layer Control E peee Be i x Layer Name amp f kal IND state HE IND district Up Wi Down se Top Bottom XX Remove A n a toe E to Roars lel Retre i Fey Settings OK Label Themes Selection JT Maps User Manual Chapter 4 Page 10 Map Viewing The various control options The various options available for a layer for a layer Buttons to toggle the position of a layer Deletes the highlighted Layer Refreshes all Layers Provides options to Label Control Theme amp define Selection Setting options Visible Indicates visibility of a layer
57. represented on the map in terms of the following Point features like post office telephone poles etc Line representative of features like roads streets rivers etc Polygon representative of features like an open area forests agricultural districts etc Note depending on the scale of the map a polygon feature can become a point feature E g A post office can be a polygon if depicted on a scale of 1 500 but is reduced to a point in a scale of 1 250 000 JT Maps User Manual Chapter 1 Page 5 Introduction to GIS GIS as a technology can be applied to discipline like watershed management network analysis of roads and waterways public health care monitoring vehicle routing and many more Analysis of spatial and non spatial data becomes easy and supports querying overlay and buffer analysis One can combine data in new ways to analyze patterns and trends not evident in separate databases Such an analysis can lead to predictive tools for hazards management better decision support system and optimizing sales and services for different sectors Thus the use of GIS technologies helos empower people to make better decisions by increasing access to different dataset in its spatial context JT Maps User Manual Chapter 1 Page 6 JT Maps User Interface Menu Bar Tool Bar ill D ata Select Analysis Tools Help 2 O oe TrA AE Active Window 2 JT Maps IND_state File View Scroll Paster Digitisation Editing
58. rl Paste ikri Clear Combine Selection Split Intersection DiFFerence Conversion arakicule Ckr G JT Maps User Manual Rollback the last change on the editable layer Copies selected object to an editable layer Cuts the selected object Pastes the object to an editable layer Clears the selected object Combine selected Objects Splits second object with respect to the first selected object Creates a common area object between two selected objects Erases the common area from the second selected object with respect to the first selected object Conversion from Line to Polygon amp vice versa Create a grid on a map Chapter 2 Page 4 JT Maps User Interface Opens non spatial data window of one of E Browse Ctrl D the opened layer SOL Query Open query dialog ink i External database link ip Alter Table Opens the interface for changing the non spatial table structure of one of the layer opened Layer Ctrl A Selects all the objects of one of the opened h Point layer AR Activates point select tool to select an t Rectangle object Radial Rectangle select tool fal fog Polygon Radial select tool sq SQL Select CtrHQ Polygon select tool Opens query dialog box Create a thematic map over the current Thematic Map Ctrl T layer Create a buffer from a selection Buffer Ctri 6 Polygon overlay Overlay Ctrl Y To perform network analysis on layer Network F Opens JT Maps Fi
59. shape or direction The y coordinates in a plane coordinate system 1 A single x y coordinate that represents a geographic feature too Small to be displayed as a line or area for example the location of a mountain peak or a building location on a small scale map 2 A coverage feature class used to represent point features or to identify polygons It is not possible to have point and polygon features in the same coverage When representing point features the x y location of the label point describes the location of the feature When identifying polygons the label point can be located anywhere within the polygon Attributes for points are stored in a PAT A coverage feature class used to represent areas A polygon is defined by the arcs that make up its boundary and a point inside its boundary for identification Polygons have attributes PAT that describe the geographic feature they represent A property of two or more lines that are separated at all points by the same distance A horizontal line encircling the earth at constant latitude The equator is a parallel whose latitude is 0 degrees Digital measures of latitude are positive up to 90 degrees above the equator and negative below On maps they are identified by degrees N or S from the equator A coverage feature class used to represent a spatial feature as one or more polygons Many regions can be defined in a single coverage Regions have attributes PAT that describe the g
60. ted by the following set of buttons on the node add dialog window _ _ gt Add a Node t gt Move a particular Node one step above the current location 4 Move a particular Node one step above the current location K Select and delete an existing Node JT Maps User Manual Chapter 12 Page 3 Network Analysis 5 Once the nodes have been selected using either of the two sets of options given the user will click the Calculate button on the dialog box to initiate the network analysis The shortest route from Node 1 to Node 4 Is indicated on the map as a blue line The dialog box details information on distance between each node as shown below Ge JT Maps Water Bodies ector Places City_Area File View Scroll Raster Digitisation Editing Data Select Analysis Tools Help Joa xMIR amp QoiRsee b Vooe lle a r JT Maps Water Bodies Vector Places City Area E i Fie wiew Scroll Raster Digitisation Editing Data Select Analysis Tools Help Dexia a tmi nI EE Network Repat Hodel And Node Distance 18047 7 760777371 Node AndNode3S Distance 9070 92645920001 Node3 And Noded Distance 11051 5570751176 BAE F Tala g m meen n Print Save Directions Ps a P we sey ae Nae TNE e Ak Ke hg ate ail A fe T EAR EKO ENS NS ee b 5 d FAVNE s w in pi JT Maps User Manual Chapter 12 Pa
61. terest The map below shows the selected state of Madhya Pradesh h ETIT Ba e be e ppe big Der b a j f eh oe ek a See T AEO Dy ap Sa ee foe 8 anh ege 1 a q La 1 fa prs ai all ol a l bef ae ess foe lt TON n i i i Li i T P cat E e F pua ia e ir a iha ary pam v To Deselect all click Li from h ahy E n iy ksaibar a This type draws a selection box and selects all within the box Click ki on the toolbar or SEEE Click and Drag to select objects FE HNE E E be E SS See Note The selected portions are highlighted by blue colour JT Maps User Manual Chapter 5 Page 2 Selecting Objects This type draws a circle and selects all within the box J ust click a on the toolbar or Select gt Radial Click and Drag to select objects ee Di bei mia ea e A LOHU ORRO PTE Ieee 2 eT l This type draws a region and selects all within the box Just click at on the toolbar or ne Click to mark the region and double click to finish i mey E Note The selected portions are highlighted by Pink colour JT Maps User Manual Chapter 5 Page 3 Selecting Objects Selection of objects based on Centroid In JT Maps objects are selected only when their centroids lie within the selected region in the case of Rectangle Polygon and Radial Select Thus even if the rectangle includes a part of an object but as its centroid is outside the box it will not be selected For e g observe the follow
62. to define the type of buffer zones Browse define the path and save the new layer as a separate file Click the Generate button to create buffer zone Figure below shows buffer zone indicated in red color around the state of Madhya Pradesh with above depicted buffer parameter i ial Rete Cae Ry Tae leet ae Tee Ei 8 ey Pe i a ae ee ee en rs pikki man E e Ipi E E i ill fais Fao Py y fo Ole A ey i ee Sani AEC EEEL f Sy E JT Maps User Manual Chapter 11 Page 2 Buffer and Overlay Select more than one object on which buffer zones to be created Rest of the steps is same as defined above Examples below suggest the same Ge paie Di Pis Mmi ba jaa Dgr HRAMI TARO ke A oa Tahin es m Mei Ee lm SHE s Wa m Pe e ee eee PEE eg H Ee ee m gru ani T AEn ha Ae eee E Te eri pm ine fos PA er JT Maps User Manual Chapter 11 Page 3 Buffer and Overlay The process of overlaying usually involves taking two layers and combining them by some mathematical operation Layers can be added subtracted multiplied or divided according to the values of certain attributes Buffering is especially powerful when combined with overlaying to extract information To perform Overlay analysis following steps are required 1 Open the Layers on which to perform Overlay 2 Go to Analysis Menu gt Overlay or press Ctrl Y the following dialog box opens Type Dissolve Themes Choos
63. tum you want to apply in the Image that is to be Geo referenced from the list of datums supported by the software Fig 4 Projection Type Albers Equal Area Conic Datum ADINDAN Burkina Faso ADINDAN Burkina Faso ua ine ADINDAN Cameroon ADIN CAN Ethiopia ADINDAN Mali ADINDAN Wear Fig 4 The desired unit in which the user wants the output image can be selected from the various options available in the drop down menu Fig 5 Projection Type Albers Equal Area Conic D atum ADINDAN Burkina Faso Output Unit Inches One lo Iw N Centimeters ie Meters BS in degrees kilometers r Projection Faramete Fig 5 Once all the relevant information has been filled in the dialogue box the user can proceed on to registering the image by marking the co ordinates or points on the image To register a point on the image the user has to click on the tab New on the dialogue window the shape of the cursor will change and thus you can mark the relevant point on the image by taking the cursor to that point and clicking there Fig 6 another dialogue window will appear in which the user has to feed the coordinate values after feeding the coordinate values click O K and the point will be registered and can be seen in the table JT Maps User Manual Chapter 6 Page 2 Geo Referencing Fig 6 Similarly the user can select the next point which is to be registered and feed its relevant values in the ta
64. ular form and highlighted with Yellow color JT Maps User Manual Chapter 9 Page 1 Query and Data Manipulation JT Maps permits the user to make Structured Query on any layer of data and display the same in both spatial and non spatial context Follow the simple step mentioned below to attain that It provides stepwise guideline to the user making query analysis Go to Data Menu gt SQL The Select Query dialog box pops up Select Query Select Layer IND state Select Field AREA Select Operator s ad Where AREA gt 100000 lt q _ _ _____ List Select IDC NAMET NAME Select the layer to perform the select query on Select the field to perform the query on Select the arithmetic operator Specify the condition Details the query result Display the result on the map Displays the computed result JT Maps User Manual Chapter 9 Page 2 Query and Data Manipulation Result of the above query where the states have an area greater than 100 000 sq mts Is displayed in a tabular form and highlighted blue color on the map i JT Maps IND state fi iej Fis View Seol Rotor Cighitnation Editing Daia Select Anhi Tosi Heb 4x JOge HRA h tee eR ee 7 R ey eee a a i ae mo By n Schxut Query Sakia Layi IHD stabs Sakic Fectel AMEA eh Selec Dpto amp Tai where Sree Pradesh Ai dear Hatha Pisce reia

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