X-AIR Series "F" - Raj Hamsa Ultralight
Contents
1. accident in low height do fly at 70 Km h or more IX STALL To understand perfectly the flight envelope of your machine you must perform a few stalls To do so climb at 1000 ft AGL and begin with stalls engine idle At about 50 Km h the aircraft clean becomes less responsive If you pull the stick further backwards the aircraft will execute a gentle stall break Open throttle and push stick forward the aircraft will recover with less than 20m altitude loss At full power the high nose attitude will be more impressive and the break rougher the maximum altitude loss will be 30 meters in a fully loaded two seater An asymmetrical stall generates a larger loss of altitude recovery comes with stick forward followed by opposite aile ron By design GUMNAM is extremely reluctant to enter into spin X FLYING AT HIGH SPEED Beyond 100 Km h longitudinal self stability will press please longitudinal ure on the the elevator IAS the back pressure on force yo stick to maintain level the stick due to the u to maintain a forward trim in order to can that the trim is cap note Flight or to make use of cel the nose up tendency able o taking care of all the situations in the Speeds are no stress2. Please note that all the controls are strictly conventional Effects of controls Action on controls Effect obtained Press right foot aircraft yaws to the right Press left foot aircraft yaws to the left Stick to the right aircraft banks to the right Stick to the left aircraft banks to the left Stick forward aircraft nose down Stick back aircraft nose up Throttle forward increase power Throttle back reduce power 2 Instruments Standard ASI air speed indicator Altimeter Ball Compass Tachometer RPM Water temperature gauge Charge indicator Options Intercom EGT and other engine monitoring instruments GPS etc 3 Fuel tanks Standard capacity 55 litres in 2 FRP tanks located behind seats Drain on each Breather on each Tank transparency ensures visual fuel level check 4 Other features cockpit doors luggage boot behind seats and wheel pants are standard III PRE FLIGHT CHECK A good pre flight is the foundation of safe flying We sugges flight se 1 Engine Stand in the p the the e the hose condition aspec spark the e t that you go ssion t of fron ropeller and eduction gear ngine support foundations are in good condi the cooling sy
3. t fuel ef Do avoid them XI APPROACH amp LANDING To begin the descent indicated air speed in the reduce thro final flight envelope Ficient and submit your engine to unneces t However high tle and set 70 to 80 Km h Remember that you adjust the speed with the stick and the approach angle with the throttle then come in f the aircraft tends versa if you undershoo airspeed constant It against turbul Maintain a safe alti CO overshoot Ly is tude but airspeed befor in bot the reduced at 3500 surfaces reduce throttle and vice th cases do maintain your that will give you protection lence and gradient while landing threshold of the runway with flaps down second notch 25 throttle RPM no less to keep a clean airflow on the tail and execute a neat rounding off avoiding fiddling with ailerons but rather using rudder if you have to correct the This method is the safest for course at the last moment fields low you landing on unprepared A speed reserve will 5 obstacles such as also be your guarantee against fences wires to keep clear of big rocks etc turbulence and wind gradient non visible and it will
4. A shallow angle powered approach should be used only for landing on full fledge aerodromes with a clear and safe approach After touchdown maintain your stick up till your front wheel naturally touches the ground This is a way to protect your front wheel from hitting roughly a stone or a clod of earth In case of a small field with obstructions a sideslip may come handy GUMNAM is perfectly fit for this manoeuvre at the condition again that you watch your airspeed less ADVICE you feel that your to overshoot and start a fresh circuit XII Don t just keep a bit of landing with the wheel in the wind then rec the second wheel on While with rudder FLYING IN CROSS WIND fly in cross winds in excess of good experience of for as long as possibl final is a mess your aircraft Take off stick into the wind do a crabwise final and C1 fy your heading put the ground Keep nose wheel up and si 70 km h and no don t hesitate 20 Km h unless you have a is not a problem first touch the ground tting teer e till your speed has so much tha towards the In any event exemplary and in many cases distance required ly across a runway lling distance wind event uall shorter the rol relax t the wheel will drop on its own win
5. thes a refer to tha hough e small aircraft variat t any load and speed limit wi t saf impossible to locate G range and which cannot be taken care of tail heaviness in the C G the Weight and elevator trim a standard 1 tions and thin the tations remains Balance t been conceived to carry gold bars 20 kg max please 2 The volume of fuselage behind the boot and the fuel tanks is NOT a cargo bay The cockpit rear partition is there to remind everyone that NOTHING should be stored behind a fur ther complication being the possible interference with the cont trol push pull rods and cables When flown at lower weights solo for short take off and steep rate of climb avoid any abrupt its low wing loading flare remember that an important charac to prevent the example fora be prepared while landing you should aircraft teri stic of from ballooning a microlight is XIV EMERGENCY PROCEDURES amp FORCED LANDINGS a Emergency Procedures Before attempting a forced landing Stay cool relax Pick the largest there is nothing to fear ield available Fasten seat belts full tight exce Lo
6. required II LIST OF CONTROLS limited budgets ted in its standard version with Flight the ROTAX 582 developing 65 bhp the o with 10 degrees of tine circuits and there will be always having extra power at one s flaps 1 Controls Control stick 2 Nos roll Rudder pedals teering wheel s Throt 2 pairs le power Toe brakes only cont Trim handle forward trim tle lever 2 Nos ferential brake on dif Eros AL each main undercarriage wheel controls elevator controls ft hand controls elevator E on left hand between pilot and passenger aircraft nose down udder controls power u brings an added that comfortable finger tips if INSTRUMENTS amp EQUIPMENT pitch yaw and nose push for side rudder pedals tstanding rate of two seater side by tricycle undercarriage elevator and in terms investment R sporting a smaller wing area although EGORY has nothing training within the and ailerons Flaps control lever on cabin ceiling lever down flaps down Two engine ignition switches dual electronic ignition toggle up on Master switch key operated turn clockwise on Self starter switch press to start fuel pump switch toggle up on Choke lever lever up choke open
7. XV DISMANTLING FOR LAND TRANSPORT We suggest operating on grass or a so tubes or spoil damaging A Dismantling The rudder horizontal surfaces may be mobile surfaces during transport and Removal of 1 Remove upper and lower root covers as well as connectin Remove Remove Discon Discon from Discon cop Bee 3 Proceed 9 To disassemb and disconnect well as the cab lower surf upper surf nect nect the wings the 2 wings the jury the wing struts and nect trailing edge to keel and respective pl the pins the tail Face bat Face bat the ailerons laces on S identically wi plane will face to avoid Ft sur ling the sail remain in place or the tens tens control stru folded upwards will be held with bungee to prevent shaking proceeding ts on top only Have a helper holding the wing in any case the the 8 straps From tip to centre cables level at the tip remove the take connecting tru th wrapped in from the st 10 All components in plastic or cl ructure and le the wing f the two compression bars on the trailing edge as trailing edge it carefully luminium should be handled with care and For transport le
8. on the urther fol d leading edge take away the wing Keep all pins ts and brackets the other wing the struts away to keel as well you may separate the aileron Extract gently the sail th should be further protected with NOTE It is a well known Salient fittings foam fact that careless transportation generates more wear and tear than lots of Flying hours B Reassembling Follow exactly structure of assemble wing 8 ailerons control cables enter all th wings with belts ul and complete pre reconnect bo with a caref the wing in the sail the same procedure in truts and jury struts the reverse connect the wing Enter the to the keel reconnect ailerons and bat cover the root tens from root to tip and proceed Fligh t check as described in paragraph XVI We cannot insist enough on your aircraft both engine and airi flights In addition to the daily inspection schedul paragraph you will find in annex 3 a maintenance schedule for both engine and airframe only a strict MAINTENANCE is based on our long st tropical conditions give you the best possible guarantee of troub You may also refer to the ROTAX engine manual spe
9. E a fixed wing Ultralight aircrat side fitted rudder its MNAM S of make it can be used truction responsiveness ideal front engine mounted high wing with conventional 3 axis controls standard version equipped with for recreational the excellent behaviour flying of Ft ailerons this aircraft lete dual controls as well as for docility Forgiveness ly suitable for GUMNAM is an this ac inexpensive aircraf 51 CIVIL in terms ty low landing speed of capital and cos feeling t of operation in flight are even more aircraf a bett example However Cessna 152 similar than its the contro ls layout and the to predecessor those of a light our X AI ter stream from which it has evolved GUMNAM fuselage and very e ined ective FLAPS Et oh criteria the M in CROLIGHT ts by all to envy from undisputed al a reg ternative For imparting ular aeroplane and as such CAT fers an of constrain L of GUMNAM is wat climb at ter cool take fit d ngin off rou safety in feeling of
10. I venturi cover the battens properly positioned and the look of the sail the wing tip secure check the base of the front fuselage tube 4 attachment at the engine frame You are back at the nose your tour is complete and you may now fly with peace of mind 3 Instruments verify ASI functioning and set altimeter verify the proper functioning of all installed instruments before take off for a cross country flight the reading of the compass must be checked against a known reference runway markings for example IV STARTING THE ENGINE 582 Rotax f you respect the following procedure you will avoid problems while starting your engine a Cold engine 1 Check throttle closed 2 Prime the carburettors by mean of electric pump 3 Keep ignition off and choke closed 4 Press starter button amp rotate the propeller for a few seconds 5 Choke full open down Throttle closed 6 Switch both ignitions on 7 Check for CLEAR PROP 8 Press the self starter button the engine should start at once 9 As soon as started open throttle up to 3000 RPM and reduce progressively the choke till closed 10 Warm up the engine for 3 minutes at 3000 RPM WARNING Never forget to close the choke failing which your po
11. Maximum speed for flaps 2nd notch 25 90 km h Maximum engine revs 7000 rpm Maximum revs in constant utilisation 6200 rpm CG range refer to weight amp balance schedule Maximum cross wind component 25 km h ALL AEROBATIC MANEUVERS ARE PROHIBITED ON THIS AIRCRAFT NO INTENTIONAL SPIN 2 TECHNICAL DATA amp PERFORMANCE Wings Leading edge 64 x 2 mm sleeved with 60 x 2 Trailing edge 50 x 2 mm sleeved with 45 x 1 5 Compression struts 38 1 5 qum Thrust drag cables 3 mm Wing tip 25 x 1 5 mm Wing struts special Raj Hamsa aerofoil tube Profile 25 ribs per wing 12 7 x 1 2 mm T 24 ribs per wing 12 7 x 1 2 mm D Sail fabric for all Dacron Polyester 185 gr sq m Ailerons amp flaps Leading edge 38 x 1 5 mm Trailing edge 12 7 x 1 2 mm Profile ribs 10 x 1 mm riveted Fu selage and tail surfaces Fuselage keel Fuselage tubes Tail surfaces 64 x 2 mm sleeved with 60 x 2 mm 25 x 25 x 1 5 mm 1 5 mm amp 12 7x 1 2 riveted S S Seat Upholstered bucket seats with adjustable head rest and 4 points safety harness Nose and main wheels Aluminium cast alloy 8 Tyres 4 plys 3 50 x 8 Landing gear Hydraulic suspension front amp rear Br
12. X AIR Series F Aircraft designed amp manufactured by RAJ HAMSA ULTRALIGHTS PVT LTD INDIA Aircraft denomination X air F France Europe X air F Gumnam India X air Falcon UK USA Canada Australia USER S MANUAL AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL For AIRFRAME amp ENGINE ROTAX 582 2V UL SUMMARY PAGE Description and usage 1 List of controls instruments and equipment l Pre Flight Check 3 IV Starting the engine 4 V Taxiing and the vital actions 5 VI Take off 5 V Turn and evolutions 6 V Flying in turbulence 7 IX Stall 7 X Flying at high speed 7 XI Approach and landing 8 Flying in cross wind 8 Behaviour of the aircraft with respect to weight 9 XIV Emergency procedures forced landings 9 XV Dismantling for transport 10 XVI Maintenance LL XVII Conclusion 12 Annex 1 Aircraft limitations 13 Annex 2 Technical Data amp Performance 13 Annex 3 Maintenance Schedule 16 Annex 4 Controls layout 19 Raj Hamsa Ultralights Pvt Ltd 40 Goshala Road Mahadevpura P O BANGALORE 560048 Tel 91 0 8056965835 Fax 91 0 808518485 Web site http www x air info GUMNAM is RAJ HAMSA ULTRALIGHTS PRIVATE LIMITED X AIR Series USER S MANUAL AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL DESCRIPTION amp USAG
13. ake Drum brakes on main landing gear Controls Type 3 Axis conventional Rudder pedals double acting on front wheel through connecting rods and on rudder through cables Stick double between legs Throttle double at left hand Stick to elevator connection By push pull rod Stick to aileron connection By cables dia 3 mm Miscellaneous Bolts High tensile grade 8 8 quality Fitting tangs Stainless steel 3 mm thickness Paint Epoxy Structural stress resistance at 400 Kg all up weight 6G and A Maximum load on controls Rudder 1380 NEWTON Elevator 1480 NEWTON Aileron 1300 NEWTON Weight and size characteristics Empty weight 240 kg Empty weight to power ratio 3 7 Kg hp Total weight to power ratio 6 9 Kg hp Maximum All Up Weight 450 kg Length 5 7 m Overall height 2 53 m rudder top Wingspan 9 38 m Chord at the root 1 95 m Wing area 14 32 m Dihedral angle 1 5 Sweep back angle 8 Washout angle 1 9 Vertical stabiliser area 0 73 m Rudder area 0 63 m Horizontal stabiliser area 1 51 m Elevator area 0 88 m Aspect ratio 2 6 Wheelbase 1 5 m lateral Wheel track 1 5 m longitudinal C G Load Displacement Due to the concept of the aircraft it is impossible to locate any load out of the CG limits There is only one possi ble load configuration Ref Weight amp Engine Brand Type Cooling Power Maximum At Balance Repo
14. bstruc 4 5 6 Ts mag check conditions bot instrumen choke closed fuel quan litres in the ts check ti tank 8 flaps degrees 8 aircra line up Everything in order VI It is clear that TAKE OFF SUALLY check f all control sur ty check lowered in take off you may take of WARNING Fr Eom ee and correct faces tions loose objects in the cockpit that fere with the controls maximum drop permitted 300 rpm In normal h mags should be ON while flying do NOT take off with less than 10 position 10 first notch ft in approach PILOT QUALIFICATION the in flying course and your following advices that thorised Instructor a are not a you are supposed to have passed with success the theoretical and practical tests under an au 5 required Country Furthermore we wish to warn conventional aeroplane pilots that a few hours of conversion to the type is necessary before flying solo The particular behaviour of a microlight related to its comparatively low wing loading demands a bit of acclimatising Well The breeze is gentle The aircraft is lined up Push progressively the throttle to full open and gradually release the pressure on the front wheel At 50 Km h IAS pu
15. cific to your engine It is also important tha the importance of maintenance discipline applied to Frame will give you peace of mind in tanding experience of observing scrupulously the maintenance of e Pre flight Check comprehensive this schedule Flying under this schedule will modification etc e free operation for more details t you maintain an up to date AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE LOG BOOK where you will record any problem related to your aircraft work This is a mandatory DGCA requirement You will have to comply with the maintenanc the sheets in the bot 3 executed and ticked At then sign amp date schedule of annex tom box after having the respective operations ATTENTION the time of renewal of your PERMIT TO FLY you will have to provide an up to date Journey Log Book and an up to date Maintenance Log Book along with the duly filled Maintenance Schedule sheets ann 3 The in between 100 hours operations of maintenance are very simple and anybody with a sense of ca eanliness and method can do it On the other hand We recommend tha t you send your engine to us We have th xpertise EVERY 100 HOURS easy enough for you to remove th for decarboni
16. d since GUMNAM s behaviour in thanks to the short and land head stronger the wind you will be able to take o Also Taxi with st rolling IMPORTANT ADVICE Never forget has lower engin that an Ultralight aircraf reliability than a cer be submitted Therefore main safe emergency tain suf to unexpected engine ti failure ficient altitude landing field to have the choice of dropped tick cross wind is t due to its very concept fied aircraft and may Never fly over a congested area or a height or hills hostile area at particularly over city Make it a rule to be always within gliding distance of as it was customary in the old days field XIII By any load out of by the trim However there creasing with BEHAVIOUR OF THE the very concept of the C a low f Aviation AIRCRAFT WITH RESPECT TO WEIGHT the aircraf t is ft 1 is a slight tendency towards load to be aware of within limits alt to always well Schedule of your aircra Refer The ct feature allow you respectiv annex 1 O CO is there to take care of fly hands o permitted ranges f course it is clearly understood 1 The luggage boot behind the seats has no
17. e 50 Km h in horizontal flight it shoots up to 70 Km h in a 60 bank You will quickly enjoy the superb manoeuvrability of GUMNAM but never forget that in spite of the fact that the aircraft may eventually manoeuvres aerobatics and it has not b endure the loads applied while executing drastic n designed in view of performing furthermore aerobatic manoeuvres are forbidden with an Ultralight aircraft VIII Thanks to the dihedral in the wing design from its course will fore there FLYING IN TURBULENCE GUMNAM is sel return toa tant for the it is impor Least tension is not necessary just let 1 possible corrections forge mis low altitude while landing part udge of gradient is a too light aircraft the gradient effect which the sweep back and the washout f stable and when dis normal attitude on it pilot to understand t the aircraf In strong wind conditions may induc induced turbed 5 own that fly and do the never cted stalls at last turn t unexp the so beware ticularly in frequent cause of avoid steep banks and at
18. f push immediately the stick forward to maintain manoeuvrable speed and try to land ahead Avoid steep banks that will increase your loss of altitude Do not fiddle with the engine but concentrate on your landing face the wind and keep constantly an eye on your ASI It will help you to relax if you remember that GUMNAM glides very well engine off and remains perfectly manoeuvrable For safety do maintain an air speed of at least 70 Km h f they have already been retracted do not forget to lower the flaps to 2nd notch 25 in final which is a primordial consideration for short landing However it is good to keep in mind that your engine reliability will be fairly high if you scrupulously observe the maintenance Schedule given by the manufacturer please refer to annex 3 VII TURNS amp EVOLUTIONS GUMNAM responds neatly to any stick input in roll Be very gentle with the stick the effect is immediate Keep the banked attitude as long as you need then simply come back to neutral coordinating the manoeuvre with your feet To begin with limit yourself to a gentle bank of not more than 10 to the horizon Watch the ball and seek for perfection Never forget that while banking the stall speed of the aircraft increases with the angle From a mer
19. km h 3 2 m sec LOO to I 60 m 230 m 100 m 230 m 3000 m 10 000 ft 2 sec 18 1 h 3 h approx 300 Km approx 15 Annex 3 ROTAX ENGINE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE The following maintenance is planned and necessary for ROTAX 503 UL DCDI 582 UL DCDI and 582 UL DCDI mod 99 Checks and work 2h 10h 25h 50h 75h 100h 125h 150h 175h 200h 225h 250h 275 130011 Ground run x N Level check of liquids 10 x Retorque cylinder head nuts 1 w A Retorque exhaust manifold screws 1 Check rewind starter rope 10 a o Check electric starter gear Inspect spark plugs x x x x x x 8 Replace spark plugs x x 9 Check ignition system 10 Check and clean inside spart plug caps 11 Checking of V belt tension X 12 Lubricate ball joints 13 Replace exhaust muffler springs 14 Lubricate control cables 3 15 Check propeller balance and tracking 2 3 16 Inspect propeller mounting bolts 3 X 17 Clean and oil air filter 0X 18 Replace fuel filter 19 Check carburetor s and re adjust idle speed cable tension x x x x x x 20 Clean carburetors s and check fo
20. ll back progressively on the stick maintaining your heading by foot control At 55 Km h indicated you are rotating ease the stick forward to level off and increase your speed then climb at 70 Km h up to 100 meters 300 ft full throttle the rate of climb is about 3 meters per second with passenger Note The normal engine RPMs in the take off run should be in the range of 6500 to 6800 In the event of your engine not reaching at least 6000 rpm at full throttle YOU MUST ABORT OFF and investigate the cause of lack of power Cd 1 When you reach the altitude of 100 meters retract the flaps reduce throttle keeping at 60 Km h airspeed and climb gradually up to the safe altitude of 300 m AGL 1000 ft At this altitude you may level off reducing throttle to 5800 rpm and maintaining an economy cruise speed of 90 100 Km h IAS This air speed is also the best handling speed and should be given preference in turbulent air Note Please keep in mind that you are using a NON CERTIFIED ENGINE therefore tree top height circuits are not recommended 200 m 600 ft is just fine In the case of loss of power or worst of engine failure during take of
21. r wear x x 21 Replace jet needle and needle jet 22 Check fuel pump measure fuel pressure 23 Check gearbox oil level x x x 24 Replace gearbox oil 25 Check and adjust gearbox preload of springs type B gearbox 26 Replace rotary valve lubrication oil 27 Inspect cylinder head and piston crown 4 28 Inspect piston rings for free movement 5 29 Check piston diameter 7 3o Piston ring check gap 7 11 31 Piston ring check axial clearance rectang Ring 8 12 32 Check cylinder diameter 7 11 33 Cylinder check for roundness 7 11 34 Replace cylinder head cylinder base and exhaust gasket 8 35 Inspect piston pin and bearing X X X 36 Inspect crankshaft and replace outer seals if necessary 37 General overhaul of engine 9 Checks and Work 2h 40h 25h 50h 75h M00h 125h 150h 175h 2008 j 225h 250h 275h 300h 1 and after every replacement of gasket s 8 If cylinder has been dismantled 2 also after any damage 3 according to instruction of manufacturer Contact authorized distributor or service centre 5 if piston ring sticks clean and replace if necessary 11 Necessary only if piston rings are not freely moving 4 if carbon layer is more than 0 5 mm thick decarbonize 10 To repeat every 10 hou
22. rs 6 if used in very dusty atmosphere T wear limit see Service information 5 UL 91 ANNEXE 3 sheet 3 of 3 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE AIRFRAME Checks amp works executed tick X a 0000 10 11 Check amp lubricate 1 X X X X X Cheek amp adjust contol cables tension tonion X x Replace control eas GENERAL AIRFRAME INSPECTION strip wings and fuselage sail remove cockpit pod amp check all cables joints fittings weldings tubes nuts bolts etc replace components whenever required check instruments 12 8 check wre presse 1 X X X X X FWashsailsufaces 11 a 5 Check wheel safis secured eat X X X X X REPLACE LE SE ee ERU Annex 4 CONTROLS LAYOUT 1 Rudder cables II WARNING 1 CABLES ARE CROSSED _ RUDDER or gt omeu 2 Ailerons cables T EE STICK R wee BOT BOT TICK L Adjusting cables tension When pressing gently in A deflexion of the cable should be about 1 avoid excessive tension on cables as well as excessive slack 4 Elevator push pull rods RELAY 2 ELEVATOR j d A AR nh me 73 oer m COM 281 f TRIM HANDLE cii ML e c ji iif AY Sw Adjustment provided 3 holes in B for comfortable pilot s arm reach No other adjustment possible
23. rt provided with the aircra ROTAX BOMI 582 2V UL liquid cooled 65 bhp 6800 RPM BARD ER ft Duration maximum Capacity Type of Mixture Fuel tank capacity option Self starter Ignition Carburettor brand and number Reduction gear type Ratio Generator output D C supply Propeller Type Rotational speed Maximum power Maximum static thrust Time Between Overhaul uel 3 minutes 580 cc ordinary automotive petrol TT oil 27 ltrs std 54 ltrs Electric Double electronic Ducati 2 BING Gearbox C type 3 to 1 170 watts at 6000 RPM 12 volts Two blades Carbon DUC 2300 rpm 80 bhp 200 Kg 300 hours Performances standard version 410 kg AUW at seal level Minimum speed level flight flaps up flaps down Maximum speed level flight Turbulent air best speed Economic cruise speed Stall speed flaps up flaps down Maximum climb rate Glide ratio engine o Take off roll without wind Take off distance to clear a 15 meter obstacle Landing roll with brakes Landing distance to clear a 15 meter obstacle Useful ceiling bank 30 to 30 Fuel consumption at full load endurance with 60 1 fuel tank range 55 km h 50 km h 140 Km h 90 Km h 90 100 Km h 50 Km h 45
24. sing and overhaul and it is and crate it to us the work will be done quickly and safely To make our task easier Log Book along with the engine XVII We hav manual tried to give a maximum of however flying activities some questions will CONCLUSION it is possible that ngin useful at a reasonable fee we request you to send your Maintenance information in this in the course of your raise in your mind When in doubt our sport do not hesitate given at the beginning of mistakes may be heavy in to contact us at this manual recheck your aircraft till you are the phone numbers Always remember that consequences so check a fully satisfied YOU are responsible no one else for your maintenance your aircraft airworthiness your flying This axiom is foundation t Av of Ultraligh iation granted do not underes the never take anything So timate situations keep your judgement ct Fh in nd sharp at all time and above all NEVER SHOW OFF We wish you many happy landings KKKKK Annex 1 AIRCRAFT LIMITATIONS Maximum all up weight permitted 450 kg Maximum load in luggage compartment 20 kg VNE 160 km h IAS Maximum speed for flaps 1st notch 10 100 km h
25. stem connections 5 t of plug through the the engine and check its bolts no oil leak frame tion tor full ing coolant and radia following checks be Fore each ensure that the rubber no leaks in radiator rubber mountings in good y fitted xhaus the exhaust rubber the exhaust es for ters properly secured Ei foundat fray or maladjustment the ignition units and adjoining leads caps proper fittings and no cracks developing in throttle and choke carburettors and air tions An aircraft engine should always be spotless clean 2 Airframe Start from left looking at the aircraft from front and check the following attachments top of the front fuselage tube base of the same tube plus check the bolts at the main axle assembly the wing struts at the stainless steel tangs and pins safety rings check the right wing the sail condition at the leading edge the wing tip tube fully secured the sail condition at the trailing edge battens properly positioned the wing struts from bottom tang to wing tang the compression struts a
26. t both ends the jury struts the root attachments of the trailing edge and leading edge check ailerons attachments and safety rings check flaps attachments check ailerons cables fittings turnbuckles and pulleys follow the fuselage up to the tail and check the following attachments the elevator hinges the elevator struts on top and bottom the elevator control plates the elevator leading edge connection to the keel the upper part of the rudder amp its general aspect the lower part of the rudder the rudder cables connection with the rudder plates the trim tab connections look into the cockpit and check the sticks and corresponding pulleys cables the rudder cables condition especially between the seats and make sure that they are crossed in the fuselage ref annex 4 the ailerons friction free control cables assembly the throttle cable and choke cable connections in the cockpit are free moving and exempt of fray or damage the fuel tanks air breathers are free fuel cap is closed and the content is sufficient for the flight the fuel filter condition the fuel line connections check the left wing the wing struts stainless steel tangs at the axle the wing struts till the upper tangs on the wing the compression struts at both ends open Velcro flap the jury struts and remove the AS
27. wer the flaps More important LAND INTO WIND After touch down keep nose wheel up i immediately If the 2 notches Switch both ignitions OFF than anything else b On Corns and Crops 25 Field is ploughed do land along the in Bring the aircraft Final WATCH YOUR A it s NORMAL aligned with the wind pt over water RSP ED 6 furrows f you can avoid braking at the lowest possible speed and stall when your wheels are almost to touch the corns or crops This will protect you whatever the plantation from a violent braking ef fect due to c On Water Altitude over water is difficult to judge Release your safety belt Face the wind Make a mental preparation for your landing and try to figure out the best direction to swim away Touch the water as slow as you can slightly nose up Once in the water don t panic leave the aircraft without haste and don t try to take anything with you d In the Trees If possible select preferably low and dense trees fasten your safety belt full tight Keep good speed in final the air is often turbulent on trees As soon as you hear the first leaves brushing your wheels pull the nose up full stick back to cut the speed and good luck
28. wer will be drastically affected in flight Never forget to switch off the electric pump a pump permanently on increases fuel consumption by 30 5 be used only 1 25 in the mergencies due to engin starvation whatever the cause as a preventive measur in case of This pump is a primer or else a back up to following cases misbehaviour rel marginal take o ated to fuel in hostile surroundings for a brief duration say 1 minute b Warm engine throttle idle position pressing the starter is sufficient to restart V TAXIING amp THE VITAL ACTIONS Before anything you should have investigated your aircraft limitations Please refer to annex 1 You are now sitting on board you have tightened your shoulder harness The fron Push the lef On rough sur up At the end o fac Steering con Km h onwards f the taxiway t pedal to turn le we recommend trol with the and be t wheel control is coupled with the r the right pedal tI to taxi faster wi udder urn right wheel to t rudder becomes fore take of th fron fFficien From 15 you are invited to perform the vital actions TN open doors and VI directional movement o 2 3 could inter doors locked no o
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search