SWAP USERS MANUAL
Contents
1. os aS lt 2i ES PERE E The scheduler irrigatesfor a single year Enter the month and day of the beginning season in the Start field and the last month and day of the irrigation season in the End field Choose the year from the Year pulldown Mode refers to how surface water is supplied In operations mode the most water that can be supplied to the system is determined by actual canal diversions In planning mode surface inflows are limited only the capacity of each stream connection and water deliveries are calculated to meet all crop demand Click Current Conditions to put the table into current conditions mode In this mode the user can enter a 1 in the cells that were last irrigated This allows the scheduler to account for actual irrigation events that have already occurred The Run button will run the scheduler The table will be populated with the results for the selected View Mode 1 Current Conditions enter a 1 in the service area s row on the date that an irrigation event took place 2 RAM the amount of readily available moisture for each service area 3 RAM Fraction Full the amount of readily available moisture as compared to the total capacity of the readily moisture on that day 4 Flow the amount of water that is at each inflow and stream node 5 Flow Running Total same as the flow except that the each day displays the total amount of flow that has2. 1 2 z 4 5 6 7 8 Sorghum Sudan Grass Vegetables Vineyard Wheat Turf Grass JESI CO HA MAnNHeHeane Hs oO OW MAN SFP OTH wo Vinyard v You can populate the table by selecting either the MRGCD ET Database from the Crop Database drop down list or by selecting an access source using the J button Otherwise enter new crop information in the bottom row Use Save Changes to Database to store the crop property characteristics so they can be imported into other projects Use Add Crops Used by Demands to populate the table with all the crops used in the demand nodes The crop properties dictate how much water the crop has available called RAM or readily available moisture RAM is a function of root depth management allowed depletion and soil moisture holding capacity The root zone for a particular crop will start at the Initial Root Depth when crop consumption use begins and will extend deeper into the soil to the Max Root Depth after the Days to Full Cover have elapsed at which point the root depth will remain constant until crop consumptive use goes to zero 37 5 Crop Data Editor Change Crop Name Tab Use this tab to change crop names in every demand node in the project EE Crop Editor DAK p Crop Properties Change Crop Names Original Crop Name New Crop Name Alfalfa Alfalfa Some strange crop name Some strange crop name Cancel Under Original Crop Name every crop name found in the d
3. CIR Related Info Database Modeling Areas ET Toolbox IDSCU User CIR Projected CIR IDSCU Builder ET Database v lead C ET Database Use Source Erase Database Generate Project Specific Access Database Update from MRGCD Database Cancel Click Cancel when the program asks for the password to allow editing of the database Click OK to save the database selection Click No when the program asks to recalculate crop irrigation requirements Step 2 Generating an Irrigation Schedule In order to generate an irrigation schedule be sure a project is loaded and then click the 2 button on the SWAP toolbar This will bring up the Scheduler Choose Flow in Canal from the View Mode pulldown menu The start and end settings on the Run Parameters are default settings and don t need to be changed Ensure that the view mode is set to Planning and the proper year is selected Click the Run button to execute the scheduling program When it is finished the updated results will be displayed in a tabular format Scheduler BEE Run Parameters Stat BA End 70 31 Year 2009 Mode Planning v CutentCondiions Output By Day Bun View Mode Flow in Canal Units CFS Precision 1 Graph Systeme Intlow Canal 4 30 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 SS SVB 5 7 5 8 5 510 L571 5 Mair Peralta F 0 0 99 975 1261 1436 303 464 782 D4 403 5 San Juan Mai o oF o
4. then change the weight in the Weight of this Source to be the portion of the location that the demand overlaps The Source of CIR is just used for informational purposes to help the user keep track of multiple sources of CIR data for the demand The net crop irrigation requirement for the demand is calculated by first multiplying the CIR for each location by its weight and then summing them together If a CIR location is not present in the CIR database then it will not have an effect on the demand s CIR this means that if the user has CIR databases with different sources then the user can store all the possible CIR locations in the demand 3 Irrigation Info Demand Properties Name no name Crop rea CIR Locations Irrigation Info Soil Characteristics ET Inches All Fields v Monthy Daily Yearly Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2006 1 68 218 383 775 1245 1455 127 757 534 205 O o This tab is for informational purposes only and shows the CIR crop irrigation requirement the RAM readily available soil moisture capacity the crop ET evapotranspiration and the effective precipitation the total rainfall that can be absorbed by the soil The user can change the display units to acre feet inches or millimeters Select individual fields to see how much effect that field has on the CIR for the associated canal service area Click Graph to display a graph of the CIR ET or pre
5. then it will take more than one day to fully irrigate the service area The scheduler uses the max flow to irrigation value if it is less than the irrigation flow value calculated using the number of days to irrigate field Number of Days to Irrigate This is the length of time that it takes to irrigate all the fields in the associated demand nodes assuming that there is no crop demand during that time and that the fields have no readily available moisture If max flow to irrigation is greater than zero then the lower of the two flow values will be used by the scheduler Number of Additional Miles to Add For Seepage Loss Normally no seepage loss is computed for water that flows along a stream node but you can tell the scheduler to reduce the available water in the stream by multiplying the number of additional miles by the seepage loss rate of the canal see the Stream Connection Editor Irrigation Availability If the stream can only provide irrigation water on certain days of the week then the scheduler can be set to not allow any water to be diverted for irrigation on those days that are unchecked Crop Irrigation Requirement for this Canal This is the total crop irrigation water requirement from all the demands associated with this stream for informational purposes only Graph The net water requirement at this stream can be graphed using a daily or monthly timestep 17 Demand Node The demand node represents i
6. 13 07 Quick start for the new version Be sure to download and install the latest version of IDSCU as well Extract the zip file in a temporary location and run setup exe If you follow the defaults the interface will be installed in C Program Files GSWAP V2 and can be run from the start menu in the SWAP V2 group gt GnuwWwing2 gt Mozilla Firefox 3 Beta 4 gt mpscu gt I ActivePerl 5 10 0 Build 1002 All Programs Step 1 Load ET Data An ET Database file has to be downloaded to the SWAP program in order to be able to produce irrigation schedule calendars The interface comes pre configured to use crop evapotranspiration ET and weather data estimates developed by the ET Toolbox for the Middle Rio Grande Water Conservancy District in New Mexico The ET Database file has to be downloaded on a monthly basis which is the month preceding the following month for which the irrigation schedule is required Start the interface and open one of the datasets that were downloaded from the SWAP website Select the CIR tool to bring up the Crop Irrigation Requirement editor Surface Water Accounting Program for MRGCD File Data Edit Tools Help LIS dg sD BAOli RAB me MEAZ gt a Crop Data cr Streams Stream Conns Recalc Demand CIR Demand Calculators Reports Show the CIR Editor A Select the ET Toolbox database by choosing the MRGCD ET Database from the ET Database pull down choices
7. B73 1259 1423 302 463 781 33 402 5 San Juan Maii o 0o o eee o 157 20 as 107 2 San Juan Mair 0 o o 569 559 652 1026 30 30 572 30 3 3 San Juan Mai o o o o o o o o o o o o o San Juan Maii o 0 O0 26 236 525 69 0 o 2359 0 o 3 San Juan Mar pees jor Mania eC o o o 0 o0 o San Juan Mai et neil o jo jo jo o o 153 0 o o o Yop Inigavon Requirement San Juan Maitl iteation of Cana Capacty X jo jo i5 i5 e a1 0 o 253 0 o 3 San Juan Mair Seasonal Totals o 0 o 0 0 0 159 0 0 25 0 o 3l The updated results can be viewed in Microsoft Excel by clicking the Export button on the scheduling window 10 Step 3 Generating a Calendar Click Calendar on the schedule window This will bring up a calendar options window Under the display tab a desired group name and the month can be selected from the pulldown menus Click Create Calenders to have the calendar display in a Microsoft Excel format EE Calendar Options Display Create Edit Group Name Morik lt Alb hd Create Calendars A scheduled calendar displayed in Microsoft Excel format 11 do oc g Sook Microsoft Excel ox Home Inset Pagetayout Farmufas Data Rewew view ax x aE Pme E Qa Ceri u laa g Supe General a a Gams J sr FA Past i aa NES eN 5 gt Fo cea Som amp Find amp ne y B 7 S A E HMen cete S BB a a n r O pene Ctiebeard amp Fort gt sagnet gt Number afes Celti Editing J K L M N o Pr
8. MRGCD ET Database from the Optional ET Toolbox Database drop down list or choosing a local access database using the corresponding J button Normally a dataset is created for each demand node using just the crops that are present in the demand node You can make the CIR database more flexible by clicking IDSCU datasets should compute ET for all crops for all years for each demand The drawback is that the database could potentially become quite a bit larger 34 Po The Available Crops list shows the crop names present in the IDSCU template or project The Missing Crops list shows the crops that are present in the SWAP project that do not have a corresponding crop in the IDSCU template or project You will want to either modifiy the IDSCU source to include the missing crops or change the names of the crops in SWAP to match those in IDSCU Click Create Datasets to generate an IDSCU project for each demand node You will be prompted for a directory to store the new datasets 35 5 Crop Data Editor Crop Properties This is where the available crops and their characteristics are set and is displayed from the Crop Editor button in the toolbar HE Crop Editor Crop Properties Change Crop Names Crop Database Optional Save Changes to Database Add Crops Used by Demands Crop Name Initial Root Depth Max Root Depth Days to Full Cover Management Allowed Depletion Alfalfa Chili Corn Nursery Stock Dats Orchard Pasture
9. Return Flow Efficiency is the amount of surface runoff and deep percolation that can be captured after irrigation events for future irrigation use lf RAM level is Calculated for each Field is checked the scheduler will check the fraction of total readily available moisture that contains water on a per field basis to see if it triggers an irrigation event If it does then every field in the demand will be irrigated Otherwise the current water levels are totalled and then divided by the total RAM of all the fields to determine the fraction full to see if it triggers an irrigation event 54 9 The Data Menu Data Demand Functions HTML Object Recalculate Demands The crop irrigation requirement will be recalculated from the current CIR database Add Demand Name to CIR Source List The name of the demand will be added to every crop irrigation requirement source with a weight of one Create Reports Gel Report Generator Acreage i Soil Crop Requirement FromYear 2000 To 2004 Generate 1 The Acreage report lists the acreage of each crop for the given period of record in each demand node 2 The Soil report lists the average water holding capacity in each demand node for each foot of soil 3 The Crop Requirement report lists either the crop irrigation requirement or the crop evapotranspiration for each field in each demand node in the specified units Output can be limited to a single crop type and grow
10. inflows are supply nodes Links are shown between nodes where water can be routed and represent the canal network In a transportation problem the supply needs to equal the demand in this case however both under supply excess demand and excess supply are possible Therefore to ensure that the system balances a dummy source node is added which will make up the water shortage in the event the system is water short Note that in a water rich scenario flows from the dummy will 42 PT always be zero The scheduling problem is cast as a minimization problem for which the goal is to provide water to the demand nodes with the greatest need for water This is achieved through the use of a ranking system based on water need the use of water delivery from the dummy supply and a set of constraints that satisfy mass balance conditions through the canal network The objective function is as follows Minimize Z MPp o Xp 0 MP D 1 Xp 1 MP D 2 Xp 2 MPp 3 Xp 3 where Z is the sum of a modified priority MP multiplied by the amount of supply X from the dummy supply to each demand node The subscripts refer to the nodal points between which flow occurs i e Xn 1 refers to flow from the Dummy supply to Check 1 and MP p refers to the modified priority of the demand to be satisfied at Check 1 from the Dummy supply node The MP value reflects the need based ranking system where demand nodes with lower available soil moisture are fav
11. programming approach is used to calculate flows to the stream nodes by posing the problem as a minimum cost flow routing optimization The model uses the projected number of days until the soil moisture storage is depleted in a reverse ranking system to prioritize the need for irrigation among stream nodes 41 7 The Scheduler Linear Programming Model A linear programming model is used in SWAP to find the optimum irrigation schedule Linear programming is a method of optimizing a quantity that is defined with a mathematical expression or objective function Constraints on variables within the objective function must be satisfied in determining the optimum solution This process favors water delivery to laterals with more immediate water needs and minimizes delivery to laterals that have sufficient water The following figure shows a simple irrigation network with a supply at the top and a number of laterals that represent crop water demand Inflow I Flow 100 CFS Conveyance Loss 0 25 Capacity 80 CFS Service Area 1 Check 1 Demand 10 CFS Irrigation Efficiency 0 55 Conveyance Loss 0 5 Capacity 80 CFS Service Area 2 Check 2 Demand 15 CFS Irrigation Efficiency 0 45 Conveyance Loss 0 25 Capacity 80 CFS Check 3 Service Area 3 Demand 20 CFS Irrigation Efficiency 0 65 The problem is similar to a transportation problem where the service areas are demand nodes and the
12. service area The Location Field is the CIR location identifier 49 8 Demand Calculators Soil Databases Tab The soil databases tab is used to calculate the average water holding capacity for demand service areas stored in a spatial database You will need a table that contains a field that stores the demand service area a field with the soil polygon area and the field that contains the NRCS soil type identifier MUKEY The NRCS soil database downloaded from http soildatamart nrcs usda gov contains a number of tables The ones used in SWAP are chorizon and component The component table contains the map unit key mukey which is used to lookup the component key cokey The cokey is used in the chorizon table to identify the AWC for a particular soil There are three fields in the chorizon table AWC_L which is the low value AWC_H the high value and AWC_R the representative value This is the value that SWAP is using to calculate the AWC Each AWC value is for a certain soil horizon between the top depth hzdept_r and the bottom depth hzdepb_r SWAP computes and stores the AWC for every inch of soil which is then aggregated into an AWC for each foot of soil horizon e g 1 2 6 The model then computes the weighted average AWC and the readily available moisture RAM for each lateral area demand node Demand Calculators BEE CIR Location Database Soil Databases Irrigated Acteages Database Calculator Soil In
13. the inflows 22 Return Flow Node Le The return flow node captures surface runoff and groundwater from irrigation and returns it back to the system ReturnFlowEditor Name no name Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 0 0 Water flows to the return flow node from upstream stream nodes during irrigation events The amount of water available to be returned to the system is the amount of water that was applied that was not used by the crops or 1 application efficiency total irrigation water applied The earliest water can return is the next day To account for groundwater lag a fraction of the water can be set to return on later days Click the button to add more days and to remove days Enter the percentage of return flow that will be available in the system on each subsequent day Minimum Stream Flow Node E A stream node that requests a minimum flow ES Tail Node Editor BEE Name no name Start Year 2006 EndYear 2006 Desired Flow Delivery CFS Monthly Daily Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2006 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Loss factor for riparian consumption 0 1 0 no loss O Set the period of record for which minimum flows are desired by entering the Start Year End Year and clicking Set Period Enter the desired flows in monthly or daily rates Water can be removed from the stream to reflect loss through consumptive use by entering a fraction
14. used to expand or hide all the nodes that are a part of the aggregate my stream Supernode If true then this aggregate stream represents the top of a group of stream nodes that are not a part of the regular irrigation rotation schedule Normally each stream in the project is given one chance to irrigate during each rotation period Streams in a supernode ignore the streams outside of the subsystem and instead rotate only amongst themselves In other words once all the streams in a supernode have been irrigated once the rotation will reset and they can begin again Type A stream can be classified as either lateral canal or check A lateral represents a main canal and is used to indicate where excess water from inflow nodes will flow if the scheduler is running in operations mode A lateral can only be the top of an aggregate and not downstream of one Otherwise the type is only used to change how the stream node is displayed in the interface Application Efficiency The fraction of the water that is diverted for irrigation that is able to reach the crop root zone The remainder represents the amount of water that is lost 16 Po through deep percolation to groundwater The water lost to deep percolation can be collected in a drain node if one is attached Max Flow To Irrigation This is the largest amount of water that can be diverted to irrigate fields If the crop irrigation demand is greater than the capacity of the ditch
15. water runoff returns to The a is a minimum flow node that is used to direct water through this part of the system regardless of irrigation demand These function as both a stream node and an inflow node Use them in the same way that a stream node is used except that they can t have any demands associated with them Link nodes to each other by dragging the upstream node onto the downstream node Disconnect nodes by right clicking on the upstream node and choosing Disconnect lt node name gt You can customize the image of any node except text nodes by right clicking in the node and choosing Change Image Additional Editors The Sian toolbar button brings up the stream connection editor and is where the maximum capacity of the top of each canal is entered and where 14 PT conveyance loss is computed The 27225 toolbar button displays a summary table of all the streams in the system and the minimum required data needed to produce a schedule 15 Stream Node E The stream node represents a length of either canal lateral or check HTML Object Name Identifies the stream Aggregate If true then this stream is the top of a group of stream nodes A downstream node is a part of this aggregate if it is not a main canal Aggregate streams can be closed up to reduce clutter in the system display and have no effect on the scheduler Aggregate streams will have a box in their upper left corner that can be
16. 4 CIR Editor Database i All crop irrigation requirement data is stored in a database The Crop Irrigation Requirement Editor provides the interface for examining and editing CIR data w CIR Related Info BAE Database Modeling Areas ET Toolbox IDSCU User CIR Projected CIR IDSCU Builder ET Database C Projects Surface Water Accounting System Et Toolbox ETT mdb v EJ Use Source ET Toolbox oy Done Loading Database l Generate Project Specific Access Database Update Local Database 2000 Years to Update Update from MRGCD Database Cancel The ET Database is the source of all CIR data that the project will use If the database contains several sources be sure to select the proper source in the Use Source list If you have internet connectivity you can choose to use the MRGCD ET database that contains all weather data made available in the ET Toolbox Note that if you use this database you will not be able to make any edits to it Clear out all entries for the selected source by clicking Erase Database Click Generate Project Specific Access Database to create a subset of the current ET database that contains only locations in use by the current project s demands Click Update from MRGCD Database if your local database contains ET Toolbox data and you want to get the latest weather data Select the years that you want to refresh or insert from the Years to Update list 28 4 CI
17. R Editor Modeling Areas Tab This tab contains information about the modeling areas crops and the period of record of the current ET Database Click on a modeling area to see the crops that were modeled in that location __ CIR Related Info Database Modeling 4reas ET Toolbox IDSCU User CIR Projected CIR IDSCU Builder Period of record 01 01 00 12 31 08 Modeling Areas Crops 100 284 Alfalfa 100 285 Chili 100 286 Com 100x287 Nursery Stock 100x288 Oats 100289 Orchard 100x290 Pasture 100291 Sorghum 100292 Sudan Grass 100x293 Turf Grass 100x294 Vegetables 101x287 Vinyard 101x288 Wheat Cancel 29 4 CIR Editor ET Toolbox Tab The ET Toolbox tab allows the user to import ET Toolbox weather data from either downloaded data files or from the ET Toolbox website http www usbr gov pmts rivers awards Nm2 riogrande html Click here for documentation __ CIR Related Info Add To Database using ET Toolbox Load from Web Load From File Reach 5 Cancel When using Load from Web the added data is only for the current year To get the full period of record update the database using the Update from MRGCD Database button 30 4 CIR Editor IDSCU Builder Tab The IDSCU model is a consumptive use model developed by IDS For more information see http www ids colostate edu projects idscu T
18. SWAP USERS MANUAL Version 2 1 11 April 14 2010 Table of Contents 1 Introduction 1 1 Description 1 2 Installation 2 Quick Start 2 1 Step 2 2 Step 2 3 Step 3 Network 3 7 Text 3 8 Link Editing 3 9 Zooming the Display IE OAC ETE Data ren cad ore neacrneemcry A sunset A tena a PR 2 Generating an Irrigation Schedule 3 Generating a Calendar IN Tote liao aecte enc rater eeepc ok ge SOR i ee re i 4 CIR Editor 4 2 Modeling Areas Tab 4 3 ET Toolbox Tab 5 Crop Data Editor 5 1 Crop Properties 5 2 Change Crop Name Tab 6 System Data Editors 6 1 Streams Editor 7 1 Overview 7 2 Linear Programming Model 7 3 User 8 3 Irrigated Acreage Database Tab MEAE Greaves erent eee Sarai AE rater emcee A Guaneeme es 8 4 Calculator Tab 9 The Data Menu 9 1 Menu Items 9 2 Data Dialogs 9 3 Data Demand Functions 10 Edit Menu 1 Introduction Description SWAP stands for Surface Water Accounting Program which was specifically developed to to help in the decision making process related to the irrigation water delivery and distribution among users in the Middle Rio Grande Valley SWAP is a decision making tool with the objective of optimizing water routing from its source to the MRGCD lateral canals while still meeting full crop irrigation requirements It does so by calculating crop water requirements and then routing diverted river water through the delivery canals in an optimal fashion to meet those requir
19. al value in the Loss Factor For Riparian Consumption text field Press OK to save your changes and close the editor Click Cancel to close the editor without saving your changes 24 Text Node A A text node displays text in any font color and size Label Editor Draw Border Label Click Draw Border to display a black outline around the text which makes the node easier to resize and move Enter the text to display in the white text field Click Font to change the font size and style of the text Click Color to change the text color Press OK to save your changes and close the editor Click Cancel to close the editor without saving your changes 25 Link Editing The properties of any network links can be edited by right clicking on the link and choosing Edit from the menu The color style width and curvature of the link can be changed Add vertices to a link by double clicking in the link where you want to add the joint Drag vertices by holding down the left mouse button while the mouse is over a link and move the mouse to the new location When it is where you want it release the mouse Delete vertices by clicking on the link once to select it and then right click on the vertex and choose Delete Vertex from the menu If you make a mistake remember you can undo your changes by clicking ctrl z Po Network Zooming the Display You can zoom in and out of the schematic by clicking the aL icons 27
20. atabases Irrigated Acreages Database Calculator Demand Name Location DB Key Soil DB Key Irrigation DB Key my demand ARENAL ACEQUIA SA ARENAL ACEQUIA SA my demand ARMIJO ACEQUIA SA ARMIJO ACEQUIA SA 1 1 1 2 Add Location Data Add Soil Data Add creage Data Double click in the cells under Demand Name to choose the name of a demand node The keys in the rest of row are drawn from each database For example in the above graphic there is a demand node in the SWAP project called my demand This demand overlaps two service areas in the location database and the soil database called ARMIJO ACEQUIA SA and ARENAL ACEQUIA SA The irrigated acreage database service area directly corresponds to the demand and is called my demand as well Click Add Location Data to build the CIR locations list in the Demand Properties of each demand You will be given a choice of clearing out any old CIR locations in order to start from scratch Click Add Soil Data to build the average water holding capacity for the first six feet of soil for each demand These changes are applied to the Soil Characteristics table in the Demand Properties editor of each demand Click Add Acreage Data to build the Crop Area table in the Demand Properties editor of each demand Click Save to close the calculator and store the database selections 52 9 The Data Menu Menu Items HTML Object Fix Label Border Shrink all text node borders to fit t
21. check structures e Li is the canal seepage loss between points i and j e Ri is the demand water requirement at the nodal point indicated by the subscript can be zero if not associated with a lateral diversion point For example the third row refers to activity at check 1 There is an inflow from the headgate LiXo 1 and it is given a negative sign since by convention all inflows are negative The canal seepage loss is represented by the coefficient L There is an outflow to check 2 X1 2 To ensure that the system balances there is also an inflow from the dummy source Xp 1 Because this node represents a demand the solution for this row is constrained to be exactly the demand R If a node represents a source then the solution for the row is constrained to fall between zero and the amount of the inflow which allows the use of less than the total amount of water available if the demand requirements are less than the supplies or if at some point in the network the capacity is insufficient to route the inflow The first row in the constraint equations represents this type of node The canal seepage loss factor specified in the supply network module is a fractional value of flow per mile The canal seepage loss L to be applied in the mass balance equation is calculated by subtracting the fractional value from one and raising it to the number of miles of the canal segment between nodes For example a 3 mile reach with a 0 015 see
22. cipitation in the selected units 4 Soil Characteristics 19 __ Demand Pro perties Crop Area CIR Locations AWC in ft il 1 5 The average water holding capacity of each foot of soil in the canal service area is entered here This is used to determine how much soil moisture the crops can utilize during the growing season When the fields fall below a certain level of soil moisture then the node will request an irrigation event Inflow Node L The inflow node represents a surface water input to the canal network __ Inflow Properties Name my inflow Stat Year 2006 EndYear 2006 Import Spreadsheet Inflow Table per hour Worksheet Flow Through Headgate Jan 10 Year 2006 10 10 Feb Mar Monthy O Daily Jul 10 Import Refresh Dec 10 Nov 10 Cancel Aug Sep Oct 10 10 10 Jun 10 Apr 10 May 10 The Name is an identifier for this node that the scheduler will use when reporting output for this inflow Set the period of record for this inflow by entering the Start Year and End Year and clicking the Set Period button The table at the bottom will expand to display the data for the new period of record The values shown are unitialized and denoted by no data values are internally represented by 999 Inflows units are cubic feet per second and can be entered either manually by typing directly into the table c
23. ells or by pasting data from a spreadsheet Inflows can also be inputted directly from a spreadsheet in a pre defined format with each column containing a month of data Column A has the day of the month columns B M has the flow rate scan for the year until a cell that Then scan for the until a cell that by starting in column B and reading down the rows starts with a four digit number is found start of data by continuing to scan down column B starts with jan is found Start of data will be set to the next row Read each row of the current column until the number of days in the month is reached Set the row counter to start of data row and move 21 Po to next column Example 2006 DAILY DISCHARGE IN CFS MAIN CANAL 0 0 0 99 125 141 4 90 104 122 135 90 93 lo 95 22 ojojo Oo N O NOUO A UO MN 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ojojojojojo 13 ojojojojojojojojojlojojojo N o ojojo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ojolojojojojo ojojo TOTALL o o 1594 f 3667 4012 3806 ACRE FEET 3161 7271 7956 7547 5485 2822 8 MONTH 47384 ACRE TOTAL FEET Click the button to select the spreadsheet file pull down the worksheet with the data from the worksheet pulldown and click Import Refresh to load the inflow data Click Graph to bring up a plot of
24. ells with the mouse 48 8 Demand Calculators CIR Location Database Tab Users can import CIR location information stored in an Access database to the Demand Node CIR Locations table You will need a table that contains a field that stores the demand service area a field with the polygon area if the demand intersects multiple CIR location polygons and the field that stores the CIR location name or identifier EE Demand Calculators CIR Location Database Soil Databases Irrigated Acreages Database Calculator Location Information for determining ET Database C Projects S urface Water Accounting System Et Toolbox et_toolbox_locations mdb B ka Service Area Field Polygon Area Field can be null Location Field v SA_NAME Shape_Area xY ir acres Crop Data hrap hrap in acres2004 hrap_in_acres2004 Quer hrap_in_acres2004_Shag hrap_irr_acres2004_ soils hrap_irr_acres2004_ soils hrap_qpe_union hrap_Shape_Index Location Net Water Requirement ae Select the Access database using the l button Then double click the cell in the Table row to get a list of the tables in the database Select the table that contains the CIR location data Click in the Service Area Field column to get a list of fields in the table you selected earlier and choose the field that identifies the demand service area Repeat with the Polygon Area Field that is used to determine the contribution weight of the CIR location for that demand
25. emand nodes will be listed Enter a new name in the New Crop Name column and when the OK button is pressed the interface will search for the old crop name and replace it with the new one 38 6 System Data Editors Streams Editor This editor allows the user to see a subset of all stream node data in a tabular format Display the editor by clicking the Service Area Properties button in the toolbar EE Stream Summary Editor Service Area Application Efficiency fraction Flow To Irrigation CFS Irrigation Duration days my stream 0 5 The irrigation Application Efficiency the Flow To Irrigation in CFS and the Irrigation Duration in days can be set here Note that if both flow to irrigation and irrigation duration are provided the irrigation duration is converted to a flow and the minimum value is used when calculating irrigation schedules For more information see Stream Node Click OK to update the stream nodes with the new data entries 39 6 System Data Editors Stream Connection Editor This is used to enter information about the links between stream nodes and is displayed using the Canal Connections button in the toolbar Each row refers to a stream link which represents a water conveyance canal You can sort any of the rows by clicking in a column header Stream Length is the span of canal between two service areas This is where canal seepage loss takes place Canal Seepage loss per mile is the rate of l
26. ements Canal Network Weather Planted Acreage Irrigation Schedule The first part of this manual consists of a quick start to allow field staff of MRGCD to easily access the program to generate irrigation scheduling calendars The second part is a detailed technical user s manual for people who want to create their own datasets 1 Introduction Installation Go to http www ids colostate edu projects swap and download the latest version of the interface SWAP input files for each of the four MRGCD divisions Cochiti Albuquerque Belen and Socorro are also available for download Surface Water Accounting Program for MRGCD SWAP Download Files Version 2 1 10 FileName Version Date Description lt SWAP 2 1 10 10 05 09 Next generation of the SWAP model Changelog 10 05 08 Log of changes to the model Albuquerque Main 115 10 SWAP model of Albuquerque Main Belen Highline 1715 10 SWAP model of Belen Highline Cochiti 1 15 10 SWAP model of Cochiti Peralta Main 115 10 SWAP model of Peralta Main Socorro 1 15 10 SWAP model of Socorro El Albuquerque j ET Abu uerque 15 10 Optonal ET database for Albuquerque Main ET Belen Highline 11540 Optonal ET database for Belen Highline ET Cochiti 1 15 10 Optonal ET database for Cochiti ET Peralta Main 1 15 10 Optional ET database for Peralta Main ET Socorro 1715 0 Optional ET database for Socoro Quick Start 6
27. emove a particular crop CIR location or data source To look at existing data choose each entry from the entry s pulldown list and the crop requirement data table will be filled in Use Edit Crop Requirement Data to edit crop irrigation requirement data for a particular source location and crop Use Load to update the table and Save to store the table to the database 32 4 CIR Editor Forecasted CIR Tab This tab is used to project historical ET data into the future in order to generate what if scenarios and calculate water delivery schedules for years where a full year of data is not available __ CIR Related Info x ts Historical Period of Record To Z Year to Forecast 2010 Select Years To Average For Forecasted Year 2000 a z V Copy Acreage Data From Year 2009 2003 To New Forecasted Year For All Demands 2004 2005 2006 zl Build Forecasted Data Enter the year that you want to synthesize crop irrigation requirement data in the Year to Forecast field Click the years that will be averaged in the Select Years To Average For Forecasted Year list Forecasting CIR data is only useful if the demand nodes have crop information for the year being synthesized so you can add acreage data for each demand by clicking Copy Acreage Data From Year and selecting the year to copy from the drop down list Click Build Forecasted Data to add the forecasted year of data to the database Any previous data fo
28. en highlighted in the table in the IDSCU model interface Click Execute to generate output for all datasets that have been highlighted in the table Click Add to Database to add the IDSCU project output to the current ET database 31 4 CIR Editor User Defined CIR Data Tab This tab is used to manually add new data sources CIR modeling areas and crops __ CIR Related Info lof x Database Modeling Areas ET Toolbox IDSCU Builder IDSCU Database User Defined CIR Data Forecasted CIR Source ET Toolbox Name 097273 Crop Chit I Show Precip Add or Delete Source Location and Crops Start Year rnd Year Add Crop Delete Crop Delete Name Delete Source Edit Crop Requirement Data Inches aa Monthly Daily Graph Add To Each Demand Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2000 0 0 0 0 1091 4 9091 8 6836 11 4764 8 9236 2 1382 0 0 0 2001 0 0 0 0 0655 4 0364 9 1855 8 6618 8 2255 1 9855 0 0 0 2002 0 0 0 0 1091 4 0364 5 5855 8 0509 7 2218 0 8945 0 0 0 2003 0 0 0 0 0873 2 2255 5 28 10 0364 6 1527 1 3091 0 0 0 2004 0 0 0 0 0873 5 4764 11 5418 9 84 2 8364 0 4145 0 0 0 2005 0 0 0 0 0655 3 4255 6 9382 10 1891 7 92 1 2436 0 0 0 2006 0 0 0 0 0873 3 3164 8 6182 6 0873 6 1091 0 5891 0 0 0 Cancel Choose the Source Name Crop the Start Year and End Year and then click Add Crop to create a new ET record You can also use Delete Crop Delete Name and Delete Source to r
29. formation for Determining Average Water Holding Capacity Database C Projects Surface Water Accounting System database soils soils mdb Top level Directory Containing NRCS Soil Databases Z Projects MRGCD GIS Table Service Area Field Polygon Area Field NACS Soil Field mrglatsa_nm600 SA_NAME Shape_Area MUKEY rorglatsa_nm612 v SA_NAME Shape_Area MUKEY mrglats_nm600 mrglats_nm600_Shape_ mrglatsa_nm600 mrolatsa_nm600_Shape mrglatsa_nmb612 mrqlatsa nm612 Shape The procedure for setting up the table is the same as for the CIR Locations Tab 50 8 Demand Calculators Irrigated Acreage Database Tab The Irrigated Acreage Database Tab is used to import crop acreage data stored in an Access database into the demand nodes ES Demand Calculators Ce Irrigated Acreage Information Database C Projects4S urface Water Accounting System database acreage NMtest mdb Table Service 4rea Field Year Crop Acreage Field 1 InAvcres Location Crop Year Crop Type Acres 2 Fill DB From Demand The procedure for setting up the table is the same as for the CIR Locations Tab Use Fill DB From Demand to populate an irrigated acreage database from crop data in each demand node 51 8 Demand Calculators Calculator Tab The Calculator Tab is used to assign service area names in each of the databases to demand nodes EE Demand Calculators CIR Location Database Soil D
30. he text Customize Display Change the color width and style of certain classes of node links ES Customization Editor Stream Links Width Style Solid v O Use Curves Restore Defaults Demand Links Width 1 Style Solid v O Use Curves Restore Defaults Inflow Links width Style v O Use Curves Restore Defaults Returnflow Links Width Solid v C Use Curves Restore Defaults Minimize View Size Shrink the network view area to fit the current network 53 9 The Data Menu Data Dialogs HTML Object Initial Conditions Initial Conditions Initial RAM at Start of each Year RAM Level Before Irrigation is Considered or Before Irrigation Can Start Inside of a Rotation Return Flow Efficiency RAM level is Calculated for each Field The Initial RAM at Start of each Year is the fraction of the demand s readily available moisture that is full wnen the scheduler starts In the above graphic the soil moisture available for crop consumption will be half full at the beginning of the schedule A demand requests water delivery when the readily available moisture falls below a certain level set by RAM Level Before Irrigation is Considered or Before Irrigation Can Start Inside of a Rotation A demand can make additional requests for water at a low priority if the demand has already been given its share of water but the RAM level has fallen below the RAM level trigger The
31. his tab is used for importing IDSCU data into the current ET database Use the IDSCU Builder tab to generate IDSCU datasets from demands in the project s schematic CIR Related Info Database Modeling Areas ET Toolbox IDSCU Builder IDSCU Database User Defined CIR Data Foreca 4 gt Scan Directory Open Dataset Execute Add to Database Path Demand Name 1 C tmp S WAP Alamillio cmn Alamillia Z C Mtmpi SWAPS Apodaca Lateral cmn Apodaca Lateral 3 C tmp S wAP Chambron cmn Chambron 4 C tmp SWAPSDI Socorro Main Center cmn DI Socorro Main Center 5 C tmp S WAPSDI Socorro Main South cmn DI Socorro Main South 6 C tmpsS WAPSDI Socorro North Main cmn DI Socorro North Main ry C tmp S WAP Florida Lateral cmn Florida Lateral 8 C tmp S WAPIsla Acequia cmn Isla Acequia g C tmp SWAPJaral Acequia cmn Jaral Acequia 10 C tmp S WAPSLemitar Acequia cmn Lemitar Acequia 11 C tmp S WAPLemitar Lateral cmn Lemitar Lateral 12 C tmp S WAPLemitar Wasteway cmn Lemitar WWasteway zR 13 C tmp S WAPSLuis Lopez Acequia 1 cmn Luis Lopez Acequia 1 14 C tmp S WAPLuis Lopez Acequia 2 cmn Luis Lopez Acequia 2 15 C Stmpi SWAPS Morton Lateral cmn Morton Lateral 16 C Stmpi SWAPS Mosley Lateral cmn Mosley Lateral TA C tmp S WAP Polvadera Acequia cmn Polvadera Acequia Cancel Click Scan Directory to generate a list of all IDSCU datasets in a selected directory Click Open Dataset to open the datasets that have be
32. ing season or include the entire period of record and all crop types Show Demand Selector 55 PT Displays a list of demands that you can navigate to by double clicking on the entry Clear CIR Locations from Demands Remove all crop irrigation requirement location entries from every demand node 56 Edit Menu HTML Object Undo Undo the last change made to the network Multiple changes can be undone by repeatedly clicking ctrl z Redo Redo the last undo operation to the network Multiple changes can be redone by repeatedly clicking ctrl y Cut Remove the selected nodes in the network and insert them into the copy buffer Copy Copy the selected nodes in the network into the copy buffer Paste Insert nodes that have been cut or copied into the network Select All Group all nodes in the network
33. moisture of the service area This is the sum of the root depth multiplied by the water holding capacity of the demand node The difference between TAM and RAM is that RAM accounts for the management allowed depletion 15 Crop Irrigation Requirement The flow rate required to meet the crop irrigation water requirement on each day 16 Irrigation Capacity The flow rate going to irrigation as a fraction of the total irrigation capacity 17 STATS Changes table output to display summary statistics e Number of Days of Crop Stress the total number of days that crops in a demand node were dry 47 PT e Highest Percentage of Days of Crop Stress in a Rotation The highest fraction of days that the demand node fields were dry divided by the number of days in that rotation e Crop Irrigation Requirement The total crop demand of the service area e Diversion Demand The amount of water diverted to irrigation over the whole year for each service area e Acreage the total irrigated crop acreage for the service area Click the View Mode to change the parameter displayed in the table If an output parameter is selected and the model has not yet been run yet the schedule will need to be calculated first Units can be changed by selecting a value from the Units pulldown Change the precision of the table data by entering a value in the Precision field Click Graph to display a graph of the selected rows Select rows by highlighting c
34. n the subsystem Normally a service area is irrigated only once during a rotation However when excess water is available service areas in need of water are added back into the scheduling algorithm with a higher priority The ranking system is implemented by modifying the priorities with respect to the dummy connections effectively reversing the priorities Currently the modified priority MP for the dummy gt node x connection is 100 000 Px For example if the node has a priority of 105 then the priority assigned to the connection is100 000 105 or 952 38 This will force dummy water to be delivered first to the lower priority nodes leaving real water for the high priority nodes The modified priority MP values are represented by the MP variables in the objective function The linear programming software utilized in the DSS is a package called GLPK GNU Linear Programming Kit The software and documentation can be downloaded from http www gnu org software glpk glpk html 45 7 The Scheduler User Interface Scheduler Run Parameters Stat 34 _ End 10 31 Year 2006 Mode Operations Curent Conditions Output By Day View Mode RAM Units AcreFeet Precision 2 System Stream 5 7 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 5 11 5 12 5413 5 14 5 15 5 16 5 17 5718 5 19 my stream 0 22 M O41 o54 o46 0 38 0 31 B3 0o42 o61 05 04 Bg O46 O64 071 0 57 0 43 a downstream canal
35. ored for irrigation The objective function solves a system of mass balance equations representing the actual water and dummy water delivered to demand nodes Constraints on the objective function solution reflect the mass balance relationships throughout the link node network and the canal capacity limits on flow A mass balance constraint is created for each node including the dummy that establishes the inflow and outflow to that node The coefficients of the variables for each constraint are represented as a matrix with a column for every variable in the objective function and a row for every node Inflows are represented as negative values and outflows as positive values Outflow coefficients are always one and inflow coefficients equal the canal seepage loss of the connection The objective function is subject to the following constraints Xi 0 lt l Xi 0 Xo 1 Xp 0 Ro LiXo 1 X1 2 Xd 1 Ri LoX1 2 X23 Xp 2 R2 L3Xo 3 Xp3 Rs Xp 1 Xp 2 Xp 3 lt Where Xo 1 lt Co X1 2 lt Ci 2 X23 lt Co3 All Xi gt 0 43 PT e lis the total available inflow Xi is the flow in a canal reach between points i and j e Ci is the maximum capacity of the canal reach between points i and j e D refers to a dummy supply node that is used to force the demands and supplies to balance The subscript 0 refers to the inflow node and subscripts 1 2 3 refer to nodal points typically located at
36. oss of the canal Maximum flow capacity of the canal is the largest flow rate the canal can carry Canal seepage loss 1 seepage loss rate steam length 40 7 The Scheduler Overview The irrigation scheduling module uses the information provided by the crop demands and inflow nodes to schedule water deliveries to meet crop demand at the lateral level The irrigation scheduling module calculates and displays a rotational schedule for each lateral This schedule indicates how many laterals can be run at a time how long each lateral should run and how often The scheduler runs using a daily time step The irrigation scheduler calculates the daily irrigation schedule using mass balance equations and a linear programming solver Input is created for the linear programming solver the solver is executed and the solver output is read Results are displayed in tabular form and this information can be viewed graphically in the network display on a given day Mass balance calculations used to schedule irrigation timing and duration for lateral canal service areas are based on the consideration that the farm soil root zone is a reservoir for water storage into which irrigation applications are an inflow and CIR is an outflow The mass balance approach is displayed by the following equation RAMi lia Oin F RAM Where RAM is the readily available moisture is inflow O is outflow which includes return flow and t is time A linear
37. ovisional Schedule For Chical Lateral For Year 2009 Total Acres 275 Schedule Subject to Change The Create Edit tab on the Calendar Options dialog allows for the creation of a new schedule calendar A group name can be entered and canal diversion headings selected and stored with the new group name A schedule calendar can then be displayed in Microsoft Excel format as previously explained Calendar Options chical DI San Juan Main Canal 1 DI San Juan Main Canal 2 13 Overview The Linked Node Network Click in the Amgx lt ME toolbar to select the different nodes Either single click on the empty portion of the view to create a node of the default size or click and drag a rectangle to create nodes of arbitrary size The M is a stream node that represents a service area Connect canals to each other by clicking on the upstream canal and dragging it onto the downstream canal The S amp is a demand node that represents a group of irrigated fields Drag these nodes onto the canal that is the source of irrigation water The L is an inflow node that represents a surface water input into the system Drag these nodes onto streams that they feed into The A is a text node that can be used to annotate the project Drop these in any blank section of the project The a is a return flow node that can be used to accumulate runoff from demands Drag stream nodes onto the nodes that surface or ground
38. page loss factor would have a loss of 1 1 0 015 3 or a loss of 0 0443 of the in stream flow to this reach The ranking system used to derive the modified priority MP values for the objective function is a two step process involving assignment of a priority P based on the irrigation need at demand nodes and then a modified priority that effectively reverses the ranking so that nodes with the least need are the preferred recipients for dummy water This results in the actual available water being delivered to the demand nodes with highest irrigation need First a priority P is assigned to each of the demand nodes with smaller values indicating higher needs for irrigation The priority is based on the number of days until the service area utilizes all of the readily available moisture RAM If the service area is not being irrigated 100 is added to the priority which forces the system to favor areas being irrigated until the RAM is full again Subsystems were added to give priority to remaining canals within a 44 Po group on the assumption that if one canal service area in a subsystem is being irrigated it is desirable that the remaining canal services areas in the same group be irrigated as well If a service area is not being irrigated but is in a subsystem that is being irrigated 50 rather than 100 is added to the priority This makes it a higher priority than services areas which are not being irrigated but are not i
39. passed through the inflow or stream node since the schedule started 6 Flow At Bottom of Canal a stream node is considered to be at the bottom of a canal if there is a line of canal nodes between the stream node and an inflow and the stream node has no downstream node The flow shown is 46 Po the difference between the inflow at the top and the water that was used for irrigation or lost to conveyance loss 7 On A 1 will be displayed in the stream node s row if the stream node was providing water for irrigation on that date 8 Canal Seepage Loss The amount of water lost at each stream due to seepage loss This is the sum of all seepage losses from all the upstream nodes flowing into the current node 9 Application Inefficiency The amount of water lost during irrigation of the demand nodes at each stream 10 Rank The priority of the stream node Lower values mean that the service area has a greater need for water 11 Done with Rotation A 1 is displayed if the service area is being irrigated 12 Days Until Dry The number of days that the service area will run out of water If RAM level is Calculated for each Field is checked on then it means that at least one field will be dry in that number of days otherwise the number of days refers to when the RAM will be dry for all fields combined 13 Flow To Irrigation The flow rate diverted to irrigate the demand nodes in the service area 14 TAM The total available
40. r that year will be overwritten 33 4 CIR Editor IDSCU Builder Tab This tab is used to automatically generate IDSCU datasets using the demand nodes in the network __ CIR Related Info Database Modeling4reas ET Toolbox IDSCU User CIR Projected CIR IDSCU Builder Source mrgcd_weather tcmn v la Update IDSCU weather Station v Optional ET Toolbox Database with Weather Station Data C Projects Surface Water Accounting SystemEt ToolboxE TT mdb v sa IDSCU datasets should compute ET for all crops for all years for each demand Available Crops Missing Crops Alfalfa Turf_Grass Wheat Tomatoes Onions Vegetables Pasture Com Create Datasets If you do not have IDSCU installed click the Update IDSCU link This will take you to the IDSCU home page where you can download the IDSCU program Select the template that will be used as the basis for the datasets by selecting it from the Source pulldown You can also use an existing IDSCU model project by selecting it with the button Each demand will need to have a weather station associated with it so you can either choose the weather station from the Weather Station pull down list If the weather stations used for ET Toolbox grid locations are known then the user can have the interface select the same weather stations associated with the grid cells that the demand uses for its CIR source by selecting either the
41. rrigated fields that are served by a stream and has four components 1 Crop Area Demand Pro perties Name no name Crop Area CIR Locations Irrigation Info Soil Characteristics Stat Year 2006 EndYear 2006 Crop 2006 Acres Alfalfa 10 0 Cancel This section contains the type of crop and the acres irrigated in each year Set the period of record for this demand by entering a Start Year and End year and clicking Set Period New fields are entered on the bottom row of the table You can select from crops that have been inputted in the Crop Data Editor by double clicking in the cells under the crop column and clicking on the that appears Otherwise you can enter in your own crop name and enter it into the crop data editor 2 CIR Locations Demand Properties Name my demand Crop Area CIR Locations Irrigation Info Soil Characteristics CIR Modeling Area Source of CIR Weight of this Source 1 100289 lt unset gt 1 2 o A CIR location is an area that has crop irrigation requirements calculated for a selected number of crops for details see the Crop Irrigation Requirement Editor This is crucial to calculating CIR because it links canal service areas to specific weather stations Double click in the cell under the CIR Modeling Area column to access the list of existing CIR locations If this demand 18 Po encompasses only a portion of the CIR location
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