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Programmable 24-bit RGB LED Color Panel via Bluetooth Technology

1. Time Color Displayed 1 second White 2 seconds Pink 3 seconds Orange 4 seconds Yellow 5 seconds Neon 6 seconds Light Green 7 seconds Green 8 seconds Bright Turquoise 9 seconds Turquoise 10 seconds Turquoise 11 seconds Purple 12 seconds Light Blue 13 seconds Aqua Blue 14 seconds Blue 15 seconds Azure 16 seconds Amaranth Pink 17 seconds Cherry Blossom Pink 18 seconds Bright Pink 19 seconds Carrot Orange 20 seconds Amber 21 seconds Chartreuse Yellow 22 seconds Lime 23 seconds Green Yellow 24 seconds Jade 25 seconds Aqua 26 seconds Cyan Table 8 Actual values for colors that will be generated The starting color is White which has an RGB intensity range of 255 255 and 255 From the initial color the four LEDs will then transition colors in a 41 counter clockwise direction based on the CIE chart The colors will be the transition based on the varying clock pulse For example at time interval 1 sec the transition is from white RGB 255 255 255 to pink RGB 255 17 255 to orange RGB 255 17 17 to yellow 255 255 0 and so on and so forth Part IV Security Tests The purpose of this test was to know if the Bluetooth Chat software could work as a communication medium between the mobile device and the RGB LED Panel Tables 10 and 11 show the expected results for the Communication Tests that are divided into two parts the first test is conn
2. IN Ro V ab L Z FIN pou E gt gt gt gt gt gt n Ho T L H gt Pal Tr 10 3 APPENDIX C Color Spectrum te Ganu of color that Wow combinations of Red Green Blue used in color monitors represents ighi Yellowish Zi Green Greenish Yellow or Temperature in Kelvins See hash marks on black body curve ras i 460 Blue 440 5 54 APPENDIX D Data Sheet of Maxim 6971 General Description The MAXEJ71 ssrialrtadoced LED diver providas 16 open drain comstant ourrant sinking LED driver outputs rated at 264 Tha MAMET cparabes From a dV to supply The 8971 supply and the LEDs supply supplies can power up in any order Tha consbar cur rent culpis programmed together to up te 55m using a single axternal resistor Tha with a 254 6 industry standard d wire sanal interlace The uses the indusiry standard shift ragisher Plusdatch type serial interfaza The driver data shited imo a 1656 shih register using data input and dock input CLE Input data appears at the DOUT output 16 clock cyclas later to cascading of mati ple MAX EO 15 TES labe Fran able LE loads 16 bits of shift ragister date inte a 16 bit output latch 16 set which LEDs are on and which
3. 1N4001 Diode Phone jack CON6AP connectors CON5 connectors Connector Rectangle 17x2 Connector Rectangle 8 pin MAX6971 LED Drivers 100 ohm Resistor 10 ohm Resistor 470 ohm Resistor SPDT switch PIC18F4550 Microcontroller LT1086 3 3 Voltage Regulator LT78L05A Voltage Regulator CD4049UB Buffer 74VHC595 Column Drivers H FH Oo 02 o I w Crystal pin Table 1 List of Materials Table 1 shows the list of materials significant in building of the design The first column of Table 1 indicates the quantity or how many items are 22 required in making the system The second column is the name of the component Hardware Component 2 The researchers setup the proper placements of the main hardware components in the designed PCB as shown in Figure 3 3 Bluetooth Module par B anm Voltage Regulator Supply Figure 3 3 RGB LED Panel Setup Figure 3 3 shows the main part of the design which is the component used to display message that can vary color in the RGB Led Panel The whole panel is powered by a 12V Power supply 1 that will be regulated so that it can be used by the panel components Figure 3 3 shows the setup of the whole design The hardware components of the design are the voltage regulator 2 the Bluetooth Module 3 the Microcontroller 4 the Led Drivers 5 and the
4. LookUp Segment 00 08 14 22 41 00 EOM Segment_holder Case gt LookUp Segment 41 22 14 08 00 00 EOM Segment_holder Case LookUp Segment 02 01 551 09 06 00 EOM Segment_holder Case LookUp Segment 5F 00 EOM Segment_holder Case LookUp Segment 60 60 00 EOM Segment_holder Case LookUp Segment 80 E0 60 00 EOM Segment holder Case 78 LookUp Segment 32 49 79 41 3E 00 EOM Segment_holder Case Else LookUp Segment 00 EOM Segment_holder End Select Return UPPERcase Select Case CHAR String ind Case A Segment holder LookUp Segment 57E 511 11 11 7E 00 EOM Case B Segment holder LookUp Segment 7F 49 49 49 36 00 EOM Case C Segment_holder LookUp Segment 3E 41 41 41 22 00 EOM same as the other syntax below Case D LookUp Segment 7F 41 41 22 1C 00 EOM Segment_holder Case E LookUp Segment 7F 549 49 49 41 00 EOM Segment_holder Case F LookUp Segment 7F 509 509 01 01 500 EOM Segment holder Case G LookUp Segment 3E 41 41 51 32 00 EOM Segment holder Case H LookUp Segment 7F 08 08 08 7F 00 EOM Segment holder Case LookUp Segment 41 7F 41 00 EOM Segment holder Case J LookUp Segment 20 40 41 3F 01 00 EOM Segment holder Case K LookUp Segment 7F 08 14 22 41 00 EOM Segment ho
5. 1 Enables all low priority peripheral interrupts d 0 Disables all low priority peripheral interrupts Symbol TMROIE INTCON 5 TIMERO Overflow Interrupt Enable bit 1 Enables the TIMERO overflow interrupt 0 Disables TIMERO overflow interrupt Symbol TMROIF INTCON 2 TIMERO Overflow Interrupt Flag bit 1 TIMERO register has overflowed must be cleared in software 0 TIMERO register did not overflow INTCONZ Interrupt Control Register 2 Symbol TMROIP INTCON2 2 TIMERO Overflow Interrupt Priority bit 1 High priority T 0 Low priority 68 HFHH HAHAHA SK ORO XE PIRI Peripheral Interrupt Request Register 1 Setup RCON Reset Control Register Symbol IPEN RCON 7 Interrupt Priority Enable bit 1 Enable priority levels interrupts 0 Disable priority levels on interrupts INTCON 0 Disable Interrupts just in case Setup TIMERO TOPS2 0 TOPS1 0 TIMERO Prescaler to 1 2 TOPSO 0 PSA 0 Assign the prescaler TOCS 0 Increment on the internal TOSE 0 O Increment On low to high transition On TOCKI pin TO8BIT 0 TIMERO is configured as a 16 bit counter TIMERO 0 Clear TIMERO TMROON 0 Enable TIMERO off for a while TMROIE 1 Interrrupt Priorities TMROIP 0 IPEN 0 69 KKEKKKEKKKEKKKKKKKKKKEKK Con
6. 17 gt RC5 D MNP Vuas 18 23 0 RDO SPPO lt 19 22 1 RD3 SPP3 RD1 SPP1 lt 20 RD2 SPP2 PIC18F4455 PIC18F4550 Figure 3 4 PIC18F4550 Configuration Figure 3 4 shows the pin configuration of microcontroller chip used in the design The microcontroller serves as the main processor of the design which has the capability to store program that must be implemented in the design The microcontroller used is PIC18F4550 a 40 pin 16 bit with a CMOS flash 24 microcontroller that operates at 48MHz that can do 12 million instructions per second Figure 3 5 Bluetooth Serial Converter UART Interface The prototype will use a RGB led panel the panel will be used to display the message or note from the user that will be sent through Bluetooth The prototype will use a Bluetooth Serial Converter UART Interface also known as a Bluetooth module Figure 3 5 shows the Bluetooth module The Bluetooth module will play a major factor in the system because it translates data between parallel and serial forms The Bluetooth module requires a 3 3V to TEA PREP REE ees OUTPUT GND CO INPUT operate Figure 3 6 Three Terminal Voltage Regulator Figure 3 6 shows the voltage regulator to be used in order to produce 5V for the microcontroller LM7805 is the model name of the voltage regulator used This voltage regulator is a three terminal regulator that produces fixed output v
7. would be responsible for the manipulation of the colors and the conversion of the raw data to its equivalent hexadecimal values Bluetooth technology will act as the communication medium for the transfer of data from the mobile phone to the LED Panel Prototype production After the design was laid out the researchers then proceeded on the production of the design The researchers first accomplished the hardware part before proceeding to the software Testing The prototype has undergone series of testing to ensure the functionality of the design Interpret testing results and modification After undergoing series of testing the researchers evaluated the test results based on the objectives set already If some malfunction happened or some parts didn t match the objectives then it would be modified further by reviewing steps 4 to 6 to satisfy the objectives missed Conclusion and recommendation After the designers completed all the necessary tests and evaluations of the results the researchers made their findings and then gave the necessary recommendation to further improve the design 17 I Data Collection 1 The first step the researchers had taken was to find the perfect RGB LED for the RGB LED display panel that the design was going to use The researchers conducted a study about the different kinds of RGB LED After studying and comparing the RGB LEDs the researchers were able to identify which RGB LED was
8. 1 Then While Demo_bit 1 let the TMRO ISR do its thing infinitely If Demo_flag 1 Then Demo_flag 0 SHOut DTA Isbfirst 00000010 0 0 0 01000000 75 SHOut DTA CLK msbfirst 0 10000001 Total of 56 shifts using 74HC595 for rows of 40 PulsOut Latch_E 10 EndIf If BeginPWM True Then BeginPWM False Ph_Val 4092 2046 Ph_Val Ph_Val gt gt 1 Make the value 7 bits wide Ph_Val Ph_Val 1 Add the offset Phase Phase Ph_Val Add this to the Phase variable To get the three duty cycle values The upper 7 bits of Phase are used as a lookup index to the sine table Offsets of 55 120 degrees and AA 240 degrees are used for the 2nd and 3rd duty cycles Phase 1 Temp Phase HighByte gt gt 1 Make the value 7 bits wide GoSub GetSin Sine value returned in Temp DutyCycle0 Temp Place the Sine value into DutyCyle0 Phase 2 Temp Phase HighByte gt gt 1 Make the value 7 bits wide Temp Temp 55 Phase2 Phasel 55 for the first phase shift of 120 degree GetSin Sine value returned in Temp DutyCyclel Temp Place the Sine value into DutyCyle1 Phase 3 Temp Phase HighByte gt gt 1 Make the value 7 bits wide Temp Temp AA Phase Phasel AA for the second phase shift of 240 degree GetSin Sine value returned in Temp DutyCycle2 Temp Place the Sine value into DutyCyle2 EndIf Wend EndIf Next Loop 76 If Lo
9. 1260 TSSOP MEXEJT LARES 090 0 125902 Bt Names POP Tyo Greultend Selector Guile appear a and ordets chest Pin Configuration Dra MANG NANG DUTI S H MAGANG m TSEOP PDIF Maxim Integrated Producte 1 For pricing delivery and ordering information contact Maxim Direct at 1 888 629 4642 or visit Maxim websiteat waw maxn ic com 55 16 Port 36V Constant Current LED Driver Detailed Description The LED driver comprises a d wira serial mbodaos driving 16 censtani zurrant sinking operi drain output ports Tha outputs drwa LEDs m sithar static or multiplax applications Figure 1 Tha coretan current culputs are quarantead for current accurac not only with chip gupply vekage variations EV 10 and ta 5 541 but alse aver a realistia range of driver output voltage drop 0 2 549 The drivers use cur rent zanzing lesdback not simple current mir rore to ensure wary omal current variations car ha allowad range of output vohaga sae tha Typical Cc ing Charastenstes Tha dire sanal martesa compnsss a 18 shit rag Ster and 18 bit transparent latch Tha shift ragister 15 written through clock input CLE and a data input and the data propagates to a data COUT Tha dala cutout allows multipla divers be casceded and cpamted together The contents of tha 16 bit shit register loaded inte tha transparent l
10. A Holder 3 2 S Holder Str A Holder If S Holder msg Then GoTo MSSG RECEIVE If S Holder ryt Then Color Red Color Red 1 If S Holder Ift Then Color Green Color Green 1 If S Holder fwd Then Color Blue Color Blue 1 If S Holder bck Then Loop bit Loop bit 1 If S Holder dem Then Demo bit 2 Demo bit 1 If Demo bit 1 Then i SHOut Isbfirst 0 0 00011000 0 0 SHOut Isbfirst 0 00011000 Total of 56 shifts using 74HC595 for rows of 40 PulsOut Latch_E 1 F SHOut Isbfirst 0 0 11111111 0 0 SHOut DTA msbfirst 0 00100100 7 Total of ab shifts using 74HC595 for rows of 40 x PulsOut Latch E 10 Demo flag Demo bit TMROON Demo bit EndIf If Demo bit 0 Then StrN CHAR String MAPUATECH BLUETOOTH RGB LED MATRIX DISPLAY ABCDEFGHUKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 1234567890 lt gt 2 TMROON 0 goto Demo Exit 84 endif EndIf GoTo USART_RECEIVE_EXIT MSSG_RECEIVE For ind 0 To 255 CHAR String ind BytesIn ind 5 VULL String Str Dec null Next ind For ind 0 To 255 BytesIn ind 00 Next ind Demo_Exit first_run_bit O StrReload_bit 0 Segment_Count 0 Total_Segment 0 CHAR_Reload 0 Loop_COUNT 0 GoSub CHANGE_CONTENT GoSub STORE_ARRAY For ind 0 A_Holder ind 00 Next ind USART_RECEIVE_EXIT While PIR1 5 1 Keep reading until RCIF is
11. T gt MA toa moa a LN EIER nu x IC fe diss a gt T be E ki 14 4 pm 4 LAN Ses Fig 3 12 The RGB Led Panel The RGB LED panel consists of series of RGB LEDs lined up The actual size of the panel per segment is 8 x 8 RGB The panel has five segments with a total of 320 RGB LEDs At the back side of the panel it has the provision of wires that will be connected to the circuit board thorough via an 8 pin port 1 8 pin port for each segment also 1 8 pin port for each color 33 Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA In this chapter the design was tested to further determine its capability in handling the operation of the whole system This aspect was important for the design to determine whether the design would work out as expected or not Results of the tests are shown below Testing was done in four parts The first part was displaying text messages on the RGB led panel using mobile phone through Bluetooth Technology This was to test if the design could display user defined messages The second part was about changing the font color of the message displayed The third part was to determine whether or not the RGB Quad LED could generate different colors The fourth part was concerned with the software that would act as a bridge between the
12. Table 2 Character Display Alphabet Input Output Table 3 Character Display Numerical Input Character Output Character lt lt gt gt Table 4 Character Display Special Characters The researchers sent characters A to Z to the RGB LED Panel and the same characters were displayed on the RGB LED panel When the researchers sent lower case characters a to z to the RGB LED Panel the output characters remained in their respective upper case equivalent The Panel encountered problems displaying lower case characters that exceeds the 5x7 character frame characters such as j y and that is why the RGB LED Panel is 36 programmed to display all Alphabet characters to be in their respective upper case equivalent The test results for sending numerical characters O to 9 to the RGB Panel are shown in Table 6 The test results for sending special characters are shown in Table 7 Part II Testing the seven colors that can be displayed in the RGB Panel The testing is about changing the font color of the messages displayed on the RGB LED panel It is important to have different font colors for an RGB LED Panel that is designed for product marketing This allows users to have the flexibility on promoting their products by tryin
13. Column1 lt lt 1 EndIf EndIf If Matrix Column1 9 1 Then If Matrix Column2 9 lt gt 1 Then SHOut Isbfirst 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHOut Isbfirst Matrix Column2 0 0 Matrix_Column2 Matrix_Column2 lt lt 1 EndIf EndIf If Matrix Column2 9 1 Then If Matrix Column3 9 lt gt 1 Then SHOut DTA Isbfirst 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHOut DTA Isbfirst Matrix Column3 0 0 0 Matrix_Column3 Matrix_Column3 lt lt 1 EndIf EndIf If Matrix Column3 9 1 Then If Matrix Column4 9 lt gt 1 Then SHOut DTA CLK Isbfirst 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHOut DTA Isbfirst Matrix Column4 0 0 0 0 Matrix_Column4 Matrix_Column4 lt lt 1 EndIf EndIf 74 If Matrix_Column4 9 1 Then Matrix_Column 1 Matrix_Column1 Matrix_Column2 Matrix_Column3 Matrix_Column4 EndIf 1 1 1 1 SHOut DTA CLK msbfirst 0 CHAR_Column Loop Total of 56 shifts using 74HC595 for rows of 40 PulsOut Latch_E 1 And MAX6971 For columns of 8 shifted 8 Bit more than needed 8 bit only To compensate For its 16 Bit Output OE_Col 0 Turn on Column OE_Red Color_Red Mix Colors OE_Green 1 OE_Blue 1 DelayUS 200 OE_Red 1 OE_Green Color_Green OE_Blue 1 DelayUS 200 OE_Red 1 OE_Green 1 OE_Blue Color_Blue DelayUS 200 DelayMS 1 OE_Col 1 Turn off Everything OE_Col 0 OE_Red 1 OE_Green 1 OE_Blue 1 If demo bit
14. Default White White Left Button Aqua Blue Aqua Blue Up Button Blue White Right Button Yellow Yellow Left Button Green Default Up Button Violet Violet Right Button Red Table 6 Actual values for color variation 38 Referring to the results taken during the test each button would result to a different color combination as expected When the default color was displayed this would mean that the red green and blue colors were on resulting to the color white As the left button was pressed the color red would shut off resulting to the color Aqua Blue Going back to the default color white if the right button was pressed this would shut off the color Blue and would display the color Yellow Going back again to the default color white if the up button was pressed the color green would be turned off displaying color Violet Pressing these arrow keys would result to different color combinations This would result to 7 different colors as shown in Table 9 Part III Generate the multi colors produced by the RGB Led The purpose of this test was to verify if the Pulse Width Modulation actually work to the design It also tested if the special command demo which when transmitted from the mobile phone to the RGB LED Panel would actually display different colors continuously for 26 22 seconds The distinct number of colors displayed was not 16 million because a person s eye was not capable of distinguishing every co
15. Internal instruction cycle clock Symbol TOSE TOCON 4 TIMERO Source Edge Select bit 1 Increment high to low transition pin 0 Increment on low to high transition on Symbol PSA TOCON 3 TIMERO Prescaler Assignment bit 66 1 TIMERO prescaler is NOT assigned TIMERO clock input bypasses prescaler i 0 TIMERO prescaler is assigned TIMERO clock input comes from prescaler output Symbol TOPS2 TOCON 2 Symbol TOPS1 TOCON 1 TIMERO Prescaler Select bits Symbol TOPSO 0 L 111 1 256 prescale value 110 1 128 prescale value 101 1 64 prescale value 100 1 32 prescale value 011 1 16 prescale value 010 1 8 prescale value 001 1 4 prescale value 000 1 2 prescale value Interrupt Priority Setup Interrupt Control Register 1 Symbol GIE INTCON 7 Global Interrupt Enable bit When IPEN RCON 7 0 1 Enables all unmasked interrupts 0 Disables all interrupts 67 i When IPEN RCON 7 1 1 Enables all high priority interrupts 0 Disables all interrupt Symbol PEIE INTCON 6 1 Symbol GIEL INTCON 6 Wa Peripheral Interrupt Enable bit When IPEN RCON 7 0 1 Enables all unmasked peripheral interrupts 0 Disables all peripheral interrupts When IPEN RCON 7 1
16. RGB Led panel 6 The 23 main board contains the circuitry of the whole RGB display panel The voltage regulator regulates the voltage that will be coming in from the 12V supply There are two types of led drivers used MAX6971 is the color drivers for Red Blue and Green 74VHC595 led driver is for the RGB LED panel columns The microcontroller will control the drivers on what characters to display and which color to emit The microcontroller will receive signals through the Bluetooth module It will then convert the signals to its equivalent hexadecimal value The RGB Led panel will display the message that the user will input 1 RB7 KBI3 PGD RAWAND 12 4 9 RB6 amp KBI2 PGC RAUANI RB5 KB11 PGM 2 4 7 RB4 AN11 KBI0 CSSPP 5 8 2 RA4ITOCKUCIOUTIRCV 6 gt RB2 AN8 INT2 VMO RASIANS SS HLVDINIC20UT gt RB1 ANTO INTT SCK SCL REDANSICKISPP 18 RB0 AN12 INTO FLTO SDI SDA RET ANS CK2SPP 0 RE2 AN7 OESPP lt 1 10 uw Ve 4 RD7 SPP7 P1D 29 4 RD6 SPP6 P1C 28 RD5 SPP5 P18 OSC2 CLKO RA8 14 27 RD4 SPP4 RCOTIOSO TISCK 15 26 lt RCTIRX DT SDO RCUTIOSIICCP2 UOE L 16 25 RC2 CCP1 P1A
17. ara cH Tha output enable OF gates al 18 outputs on and off and is Fast enough to be used as a PANA input tor LED intensity control For applications requiring LED fault dataction rafar to the MABISA which automatically cpan circuit LEDs For sofety ralated applications requiring a timer radar bo the MAGO which inchides Fal zafe feature that blanks tha display the sanal intarface becomes inactive Tor morne than 1s The MARS 071 is ona cl a Family of 12 shift regeter plus laichtypa LED drivers The family includes B pert and 1 amp pert types with GEY or 204 ratad LED outputs with and without open circuit LED datection and walchdag Al vamions operate trom a W bo 6 64 supply and speciliad over tha 4092 15 412550 temparature range A ations Variabla Message Signs Marques Displays Point o Onder Signs Traffic Signs Gaming Features Architectural Lighting MAXA 16 Port 36V Constant Current LED Driver eatures 25fib industry Standard 4 Wire Serial interface to 5 54 Logic Supply 16 Constant Current LED Outputs Rated at 35V Up to 55m Continuous Current per Output Output Current Programmed by Single Resistor 3 Current Matching Between Outputs 6 Current Matching Between High Dissipation 24 Pin Packages to 126 C Temperature Hanga 26 M Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PH PACKAGE LA LES STC
18. best suited for the design The researchers preferred to use RGB Quad LED over Tri LED because the former was easier to manipulate A typical RGB Tri LED has its Red pin as Anode the Blue and Green pins as Cathode While in RGB Quad LED the fourth pin could be an Anode or Cathode wherein the color could be easily manipulated through the concept of PWM 2 Because the design implements communication via Bluetooth the researchers studied about the latest on Bluetooth technology The device is called Bluetooth module a transceiver will be used in receiving raw data from the input device 3 The group had identified a way to make sure that the Bluetooth connection was secured because almost every mobile phone and laptop had an available Bluetooth device This part of the study is the most crucial part of the design After hours and hours of trial and error the researchers decided to go with a special program called Bluetooth Chat that was installed in the input device Also point to point communication was implemented in the designs Bluetooth 18 communication so that only one user could access the RGB LED display panel at a time 4 The researchers focused on how to display characters in the RGB led panel This was done using the microcontroller that decoded the incoming data and converted it to its hexadecimal value then it was passed to the RGB led drivers The RGB led drivers controlled the RGB leds on which should lit on and what
19. color The RGB led panel matrix was 8x40 where in each character segment was 8x8 5 Furthermore the researchers determined the effective principles that could be used in order to control the desired output The most suited idea that could give the desired variable output was Pulse Width Modulation PWM This principle was responsible for altering the duty cycle which depended on the input current coming from the drivers During the process of designing the project the researchers studied and applied methods and principles of Pulse Width Modulation Pulse Width Modulation was used in the development of the design PWM was responsible for the control of the current directed to the RGB led thus changing the colors that it displayed 19 II Prototype Designing Figure 3 2 Design Block Diagram The researchers established a block diagram to guide the whole process of designing The block diagram served as a backbone of the design Fig 3 2 illustrates the block diagram used by the group These could be broken down to 5 phases 1 The design used RGB Quad LED because it could be easily manipulated through the concept of Pulse Width Modulation 20 2 The design used RGB LED drivers The 8 led drivers were categorized into two The first type was three color drivers for Red Blue and Green The second type was five led drivers for the RGB LED panel columns 3 Construct a program that would be embedded in the microcontroller so that
20. it would be responsible for all the processes in the design which included manipulation of colors in the panel and the conversion of raw data to its equivalent hexadecimal values 4 The design used a component called Bluetooth module a transceiver that would be used in receiving raw data from the input device 5 The design project used 12 volts of power supply in order to operate the whole design The 12 volts supplied the voltage needed by the microcontroller the LED drivers the circuit and the Bluetooth Module Since the microcontroller and the RGB leds needed 5v supply while the Bluetooth module needed 3 3v supply two voltage regulators were used 6 After completing the 5 phases the last step was to make a PCB layout for the connection between the microcontroller the LED drivers and the Bluetooth module and other components in order for the design to work After finalizing the layout the PCB and all the components were fabricated and installed 21 Design Procedure for Actual Design The researchers discussed both software and hardware specifications separately in this section The job done by the software part is discussed later in this section 1 First the group gathered all the materials needed in the development of the design as listed in Table 1 List of Materials Quantity Description 360 RGB quad LED 1 100 uF Capacitor 0 1 uF Capacitor 1000uF Capacitor 20 pF Capacitor
21. the Problem Setting Objectives and Tasks Data Gathering Designing the Prototype Prototype Production Testing and Interpretation of Results Objectives met Yes Figure 3 1 Project Design Flowchart 15 1 Identify the problem Before the start of the project the researchers identified the problem The researchers determined the ineffective means of advertising The existing types of advertising like tarpaulins flyers roadside billboards and other types are more expensive and moreover after the period of time these materials will be thrown away and can cause environmental hazards 2 Set objectives and tasks The researchers set the different objectives and tasks and distributed equally to the members of the group Also the scope and limitations were considered for the outcome of the project 3 Data Gathering Data gathering for the project was done by the researchers Topics from the different fields of the project have been studied These were used during the start of the project 4 Designing After gathering sufficient data for the project the researchers started the design of the project The project generally used RGB LED that would be manipulated using Pulse width modulation to generate multiple colors The design has eight LED drivers three of which would be the color drivers namely Red Green and Blue The remaining drivers were RGB LED column drivers Then the program needed in which it 16
22. to change their messages in real time to reach target audience without delay This can result to a more efficient and economical design that can allow low budget establishments or small businesses to purchase their own display systems Statement of the Problem Marketing techniques help small businesses promote their products or services to the general public More exposure to the public means better revenue This allows small businesses to increase their revenue thus having an opportunity to expand their market Small businesses spend a lot of money for the endorsement of their products Problems may arise using various marketing techniques such as signboards tarpaulin flyers posters etc These marketing techniques are often costly because of printing multiple posters flyers and tarpaulins and will eventually be trashed once the endorsement theme or event is done Moreover the disposal of these materials may cause environmental hazards due to most of the materials are non biodegradable Objective of the Design The general objective of the design is to produce a LED panel that can display user input messages in seven different colors using Bluetooth technology The design aims to 1 Develop a low cost Digital Signage that can be made using available parts and materials locally 2 Develop a compact Digital Signage design which aims to target a specific audience 3 Generate seven different colors that can be used as font c
23. C OFF not write protected WRTD OFF EBTRO OFF Block 0 000800 001FFFh not code Block 1 002000 003FFFh not code Block 2 004000 005FFFh not code Block 3 006000 007FFFh not code Boot block 000000 0007FFh not code Data EEPROM not code protected Block 0 000800 001FFFh not write Block 1 002000 003FFFh not write Block 2 004000 005FFFh not write Block 3 006000 007FFFh not write Boot block 000000 0007FFh not write Configuration registers 300000 3000FFh Data EEPROM not write protected Block 0 000800 001FFFh not protected from table reads executed in other blocks EBTR1 OFF Block 1 002000 003FFFh not protected from table reads executed in other blocks EBTR2 OFF Block 2 004000 005FFFh not protected from table reads executed in other blocks EBTR3 OFF Block 3 006000 007FFFh not protected from table reads executed in other blocks EBTRB OFF Boot block 000000 0007FFh not protected from table reads executed in other blocks CONFIG END Variables Allocations Dim CHAR_String 256 As Byte 63 Dim S_Holder As String 4 Dim BytesIn 256 As Byte Dim A Holder 4 As Byte Dim null As Byte Dim CHAR Column 40 Byte Dim CHAR_count As Word Dim Matrix_Column As Word Dim Matrix_Column1 As Word Dim Matrix_Column2 As Word Di
24. Programmable 24 bit RGB LED Color Panel via Bluetooth Technology By Albert M Agonoy Antonio Rufo R Cuenco Lillette C Daplas Mark Dale A Nieveras A Design Report Submitted to the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Communication Engineering and Computer Engineering in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Mapua Institute of Technology June 2009 Approval Sheet Mapua Institute of Technology School of EE ECE CoE This is to certify that we have supervised the preparation of and read the design report prepared by Albert M Agonoy Antonio Rufo R Cuenco Lillette C Daplas and Mark Dale A Nieveras entitled Programmable 24 bit RGB LED Color Panel via Bluetooth Technology and that the said report has been submitted for final examination by the Oral Malkin o SAU P Ke a Benigng B Agapito Jr Engr Owen Dela Paz der Design Adviser As members of the Oral Examination Committee we certify that we have examined this design report presented before the committee on March 23 2009 and hereby recommended that it be accepted as fulfillment of the design requirement for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering 7 Engr Meo Vincent Caya Panel Member Panel Member 2 E E Jose B Lazaro Jr Panel Member 3 This design report is hereby app
25. UETOOTH RGB LED MATRIX DISPLAY ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 1234567890 lt gt _ ON_HARDWARE_INTERRUPT GoTo Int_Handler ON_HARDWARE_INTERRUPT GoTo PWM_InterruptHandler Declare FSR_CONTEXT_SAVE Off GoSub CHANGE_CONTENT GoSub STORE_ARRAY INTCON 7 1 enable interrupts INTCON 6 1 GoTo Start STORE CHARACTER COLUMN SEGMENTS IN AR RA STORE_ARRAY For ind 0 To CHAR_count Fill in Character Arrays with Segments 5 characters at a time If CHAR_String ind gt A And CHAR_String ind lt _ Then 71 While Segment_holder lt gt EOM GoSub UPPERcase If Segment_holder EOM Then Break If StrReload_bit 1 Then If CHAR_Reload Segment_Count Then Segment_Count 0 CHAR_Column Segment_Count Segment_holder StrReload_bit 0 EndIf EndIf If StrReload_bit 0 Then If Segment_Count lt 40 Then CHAR_Column Segment_Count Segment_holder EndIf Segment_Count Segment_Count 1 Segment Segment 1 If first_run_bit 0 Then Total_Segment Total_Segment 1 Wend Segment 0 Segment_holder 0 EndIf If CHAR String ind gt And CHAR String ind lt 127 Then 2 Then While Segment_holder lt gt EOM GoSub LOWERcase If Segment_holder EOM Then Break If StrReload_bit 1 Then If CHAR_Reload Segment_Count Then Segment_Count 0 CHAR_Column Segment_Count Segment_holder StrReload_bit 0 EndIf EndIf If StrReload_bit 0 Then If Segment_Count lt 40 Then CHAR_Column Segment_C
26. able 7 Expected values for colors that will be generated Table 8 Actual values for colors that will be generated Table 9 BT Chat Acknowledgement Table 10 Point to point connection Table 11 Actual values for BT Chat Acknowledgement Table 12 Actual values for Point to point connection vi Figure 1 1 Figure 2 1 Figure 2 2 Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 3 7 Figure 3 9 LIST OF FIGURES Conceptual Framework C I E Color Chart TPS62260LED Wireless Remote Control design kit Project Design Flowchart Design Block Diagram RGB Led Panel Set up PIC18F4550 Configuration Bluetooth Serial Converter UART Interface Three Terminal Voltage Regulator Schematic Diagram The PIC18F4550 Microcontroller controlling the Led drivers Figure 3 10 System Flowchart Figure 3 11 The Circuit Board Figure 3 12 The RGB Led Panel vii ABSTRACT The design is all about the microcontroller based RGB LED panel This design project is very useful as a form of advertisement for small businesses The design uses Bluetooth technology as its communication medium for the user input device to the RGB Led panel The main purpose of the design project is to aid small businesses on their struggle against high cost advertisement techniques It uses microcontrollers and Led drivers to manipulate the colors produced by the RGB Led panel The design is powered by a 12 volts power supply and is controlled b
27. anel In the second part of the test Table 13 shows what kind of Bluetooth connection is used in the design based on the results of the test the design uses point to point communication Meaning if a mobile phone is connected to the design the design will reject all incoming invitations The design will be available again when the mobile phone that is currently connected decides to disconnect 44 Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion The group was able to develop a design called Programmable 24 Bit RGB LED Panel via Bluetooth Technology using RGB Quad Led to display text messages in different colors The design cannot display the 16 million colors distinctively due to eye limitation which is not capable of seeing each color transition The security of the design is very important to keep the integrity of the data being displayed this was accomplished by improvising application software on mobile phones to limit the use of the design With the use of the system small businesses or stores can have an alternative way to lessen the cost of their advertisement for their products due to sending data via Bluetooth Technology does not require the user to have load on their mobile phones unlike previous designs that used SMS Technology 45 Recommendation More improvements can be made to further enhance the systems functionality and capability Security feature such as authorization of mobile device before changing th
28. atch through a input LE Tha latch is transparant bo the shit ragisbar outputs when high and latches the current stata on the falling of LE Fa 4 Ma Ting Diagram AA X1AA Each diver is an open drain conskani sumant srk that should be connected bo the cathode of athar a single LED cr a series string of LEDs Tha LED anode can ba connected to a supply of up independent of the supply Tha censtant currant capability is up to 55m per output sat for all aight outputs by an extamel rasistar 4Wire Serial Interface The senal rrtarface on tho MAXEJT is a Awirs senal iterace using four inputs DIM CLK LE GE and data output COUT This inteifaoa is used to write dis play data to the 971 The serialantarlaca data word length is 16 bits LOG Sea Figure 2 Tha notons of tha fie interface pins as follows tha input and must ba stable whan i is sampled on the rising adga al CLE Cata shifted in MSE frst This means that data bit 045 is clocked in by 15 mare data bits finishing with tha LZ69XVIN 56 APPENDIX E Bluetooth Serial Converter UART Interface SURE BLUETOOTH SERIAL CONVERTER SUR UART INTERFACE USER S GUIDE Chapterl Bluetooth Serial Converter UART Interface Key Features Bluetooth Spec YAEDA Compilami gt Enhanced Dala Rate EDR compllant
29. clear to flush buffer null RCREG after EOM is received Wend If Demo_bit 1 then PIE1 5 0 If Demo_bit 0 Then PIE1 5 1 PIE1 5 1 Context Restore INTCON 7 1 enable interrupts 85 INTCON 6 1 EndIf PWM_InterruptHandler If TMROIF 1 Then INTCON 7 O disable interrupts INTCON 6 0 Context SAVE TMROON 0 Interrupt Handler for three software PWM signals using the Timer0 interrupt The resolution is 6 bits per channel O to 31 Input DutyCycle0 DutyCyclel and DutyCycle1 hold the 6 bit Duty Cycles for channels 1 to 3 BeginPWM is true when the interrupt is able to have it s duty cycle variables altered TIMERO 63670 165348 35537 Write TIMERO to setup next interrupt interval State Machine for PWM starts from here Dec IntCount Decrement the IntCount variable If IntCount 0 Then If IntCount is O then it is time to start a new PWM signal period IntCount 32 32 Initialise IntCount to 32 BeginPWM True Set flag for main software loop If Demo_bit 1 Then OE_Red 0 OE_Green 0 Set all PWM output pins low OE_Blue 0 EndIf 86 Else Otherwise if IntCount is not zero then check the DutyCycle of the signal Tf it s not the beginning of the PWM period we need to compare each DutyCycle to the value of IntCount This is done by performing a subtraction and checking to see whether the result is O When a match occurs the output p
30. d area away from the sun Wireless Smart Remote Display System WSRD An innovation that is comparable to the group s study is the Wireless Smart Remote Display System developed by Scanning Devices Inc last 2002 This device was designed to provide fast digital readings in industrial and process control situations where a remote display is required for operator convenience According to the developer of WSRD the system consists of e One base station a Bluetooth enabled display linked to the data source by either RS232 or 20 milliamp current loop connection The base station learns transmission characteristics receives data from the source constructs messages manages the Bluetooth Network and transmits messages wirelessly to the remote displays 10 e Up to 7 remote displays any Scanning Devices Smart Remote Display linked to the base station by Bluetooth wireless communications This system uses Bluetooth radio module power class 2 with specified range of only 10 meters and a selection of bright yellow reflective electromechanical and bright red LED displays that provides readability The group s innovation to this design is the implementation of RGB LEDs in the display which can be modulated to control the brightness and to provide excellent readability anytime and anywhere The 10 meter range can also be extended using another version of bluetooth module that can transmit up to 100 meters Pulse Width Modulation Accordin
31. e displayed message is one of the enhancements that the group recommends so that no one can easily change the displayed message in the display panel Also for the Bluetooth range to be extended The display panels can be enlarged as those seen on main highways in the metropolis Additional features like display large images and animated images can further improve this design 46 REFERENCES Thomas E Kissell Industrial Electronics Copyright 2000 Webster Comprehensive dictionary Encyclopedic Edition Ferguson publishing Company Chicago Copyright 2006 Issa Batarseh Power Electronic Circuits Copyright 2004 Myke Predko Programming and Customizing the Microcontroller Mcgraw hill Copyright 1999 Wiliam C Y Lee Wireless and Celluar Telecommunications Mcgraw hill Copyright 2006 Grob Schultz Basic Electronics Mcgraw hill Copyright 2003 Tony Wakefield Introduction to Mobile Communications Auerbach Publications Copyright 2007 Trundle E 2001 Newnes Guide to television and video technology 3 Edition Newnes Miller M 2007 Absolute Beginner s Guide to Computer Basics 47 Edition Que Publishing Gumhalter H 1986 Power supply systems in communications engineering 2 Edition Siemens Aktiengesellschaft 47 APPENDICES APPENDIX A Programmable 24 bit RGB LED Color Panel via Bluetooth Technology User s Manual Prepared by Albert M Agonoy Antonio Rufo R Cuenco Lillette C Dapla
32. e primary colors of red green and blue Scherz 2000 Battery is a device that changes chemical energy into electrical energy It consists of a number of connected units called cells which convert the energy into electrical current Bell 2007 Hardware is the physical components of a computer system Stalling 2006 Bluetooth Technology is a wireless protocol utilizing short range communications technology that facilitates data transmission over short distances from fixed and mobile devices creating wireless personal area networks Wireless and Cellular Telecommunications 2006 RGB Panel Refers to the use of flat panel electronic display devices in the designs case a collection of RGB LEDs Trundle 2001 Microcontroller Is a chip which has a computer processor with all its support functions memory and input output built into the device Programming and customizing the microcontroller 1999 PSOC most closely resembles a microcontroller in Usage since the programs written by a user execute code to interact with the user specified peripheral functions Programming and customizing the microcontroller 1999 Pulse Width Modulation PWM is a signal that involves the modulation of its duty cycle to either convey information over a communications channel or control the amount of power sent to a load Roddy 1995 PCB Printed Circuit Board is used to mechanically support and electrically conn
33. ect electronic components using conductive pathways or traces etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non conductive substrate PCB Design by Chris Stahl Point to point communication is a dedicated transmission link between two devices Introduction to Mobile Communications 2007 Input device is any peripheral piece of computer hardware equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer Miller 2007 Interface is a device or program enabling a user to communicate with a computer or for connecting two items of hardware or software Stone Stone and Jarett 2005 Power Supply pertains to the voltage supply needed by the RGB LED display system for operation Gumhalter 1986 Wireless It is operated by means of transmitted electromagnetic waves No wires or connectors to be used in sending or receiving data Wireless and Cellular Telecommunications 2006 Chapter 2 RELATED LITERATURE In the development of this design the group has explored different materials to help them in the progress of their study The group had consulted online journals as well as publications that tackled and discussed the concepts to be used in the advancement of the prototype The group s design is a Programmable 24 bit RGB LED Color Panel via Bluetooth Technology The concept of the design is to display a message or a note into an RGB LED panel where it can be modu
34. ecting a mobile phone without a Bluetooth Chat to the RGB Panel The researchers assumed that the RGB Panel would not acknowledge the invitation of Mobile Phones without the application Bluetooth Chat The second part is testing whether the Bluetooth communication is a point to point connection or not The researchers assumed that the RGB LED Panel would only accept one user at a time thus rejecting other user invitation while a user is currently connected Table 10 shows the expected comparative result for mobile phones with and without Bluetooth Chat Transmitter Result Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Mobile Phone NOT NOT NOT without BT Chat Acknowledged Acknowledged Acknowledged Mobile Phone with User User User BT Chat Acknowledged Acknowledged Acknowledged 42 Table 9 BT Chat Acknowledgement Table 11 shows the expected results for multiple mobile phones trying to connect to the RGB LED Panel Transmitter Result Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Mobile Phone A with Connected Connected Connected BT Chat Mobile Phone B with Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected BT Chat Table 10 Point to point connection The procedure conducted by the researchers for this part is as follows 1 Connect two mobile phones Nokia N70 Music Edition and a Nokia N90 to the RGB LED Panel via Bluetooth Technology One mobile phone Nokia N70 Music Edition has an applicatio
35. ective of the Design Significance of the Design Conceptual Framework The Scope of Delimitation Definition of Terms Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES RGB LEDs operate in extreme outdoor conditions Wireless Smart Remote Display System WSRD Pulse Width Modulation TPS62260LED Wireless Remote Control RGB LED design kit Chapter 3 DESIGN METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES Design Methodology Design Procedure Project Design Flowchart Data Collection Prototype Designing Design Procedure for Actual Design List of Materials Hardware Component vi vii viii m CJ NMN E Circuit Design Software Design Using Pulse Width Modulation to generate multiple colors System Flowchart Prototype Development Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion Recommendation References Appendices APPENDIX A User s Manual APPENDIX B Diagram for Character Loading APPENDIX C Color Spectrum APPENDIX D Data Sheet of Maxim 6971 APPENDIX E Bluetooth Serial Converter UART Interface APPENDIX F Figures APPENDIX G Source Code 34 45 45 46 47 48 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 List of materials Table 2 Character Display Alphabet Table 3 Character Display Numerical Table 4 Character Display Special Characters Table 5 Expected values for color variation Table 6 Actual values for color variation T
36. egment 3F 40 40 40 3F 00 EOM Segment holder Case v LookUp Segment 1F 20 40 20 1F 00 EOM Segment holder Case w LookUp Segment 7F 20 18 20 7F 00 EOM Segment holder Case x LookUp Segment 63 14 08 14 63 00 EOM Segment holder Case y LookUp Segment 03 04 78 04 03 00 EOM Segment holder Case z LookUp Segment 61 51 49 45 43 00 EOM Segment holder Case 127 LookUp Segment FF FF FF FF FF FF EOM Segment_holder Case Else LookUp Segment 00 EOM Segment_holder End Select Return GetSin Temp Temp amp 01111111 Make sure only 7 bits are present Temp LookUp Temp 16 17 17 18 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 24 24 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 28 29 29 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 29 29 28 28 _ 28 27 27 26 26 25 24 24 23 22 22 21 20 20 19 18 17 17 16 15 15 14 13 _ 12 12 11 10 10 09 08 08 07 06 06 05 05 04 04 04 03 03 02 02 02 02 01 _ 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 02 02 02 02 03 03 04 04 04 05 05 06 06 _ 07 08 08 09 10 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 15 Return lena ANEN ODE NINU EF E Int_Handler USART_Int If PIR1 5 1 Then PIE1 5 0 INTCON 7 O disable interrupts i INTCON 6 0 Context SAVE If RCSTA 1 1 Then WREG RCREG RCSTA 4 0 RCSTA 4 1 GoTo USART_RECEIVE_EXIT EndIf 83 HSerIn 10000 Just_Rx Wait Str BytesIn Just_Rx For ind 0 To 3 A_Holder ind BytesIn ind Next ind
37. en check on whether the Bluetooth Module is sending a message If the Bluetooth Module is sending a message each character in the message will be then checked if each character is in the microcontroller s lookup table If a character is not in the microcontroller s lookup table it will skip this character and move on to the next one Meanwhile if the character is in the microcontroller s lookup table this character will be sent to the Data Array which will be used in displaying the characters It will now check if the character is the end of the message character if not it will go back and get the next character that is sent Meanwhile if it is the end character then it will not display all contents of the Data Array in the RGB Led Panel 31 Prototype Development 6 Last is the development of the circuit board and the RGB LED panel Fig 3 11 The Circuit Board The circuit board consists of several components such as the PIC microcontroller which is the overall controller of the RGB LED panel It also has two types of drivers The first type is the column drivers these drivers manipulate the column segment of the panel The second type is the row and color drivers these manipulate the color of the panel and the row part of the panel The circuit board has five ports of an eight pin connected to the panel Lastly it has a voltage regulator that supplies the power for the whole design project 32
38. ent 7F 49 49 49 36 00 EOM Case c Segment holder LookUp Segment 3E 41 41 41 22 00 EOM same as the other syntax below Case d LookUp Segment 7F 41 41 22 1C 00 EOM Segment holder Case e LookUp Segment 7F 49 49 49 41 00 EOM Segment holder Case f LookUp Segment 7F 09 09 01 01 500 EOM Segment holder Case g LookUp Segment 3E 41 41 51 32 00 EOM Segment holder Case h LookUp Segment 7F 08 08 08 7F 00 EOM Segment holder Case i LookUp Segment 41 7F 41 00 EOM Segment holder Case j LookUp Segment 20 40 41 3F 01 00 EOM Segment holder Case k LookUp Segment 7F 08 14 22 41 00 EOM Segment holder Case 81 LookUp Segment 7F 40 40 40 40 00 EOM Segment_holder Case m LookUp Segment 7F 02 04 02 7F 00 EOM Segment_holder Case n LookUp Segment 7F 04 08 10 7F 00 EOM Segment_holder Case o LookUp Segment 3E 41 41 41 3E 00 EOM Segment_holder Case p LookUp Segment 7F 09 09 09 06 00 EOM Segment holder Case q LookUp Segment 3E 41 51 21 5E 00 EOM Segment holder Case r LookUp Segment 7F 09 19 29 46 00 EOM Segment holder Case s LookUp Segment 46 49 49 49 31 00 EOM Segment holder Case t LookUp Segment 01 01 7F 01 01 00 EOM Segment holder Case u LookUp S
39. es the Input the Process and the Output of the system Based on Figure 1 1 the user must input certain variables for the prototype to operate First the user must input the data he or she wishes to be displayed in the RGB Panel This is done via Bluetooth Technology The user must have a software application called Bluetooth Chat installed in his mobile phone for the data transmission to be successful Lastly when the message is already displayed in the RGB LED display panel the user can change the font color of the displayed message After the users input data it can now go to its processing where the Bluetooth Module converts the raw data that are sent via Bluetooth to its corresponding ASCII characters Then the data are sent to the input port of the microcontroller The microcontroller processes the data and controls the Column 4 and Row drivers of the design to which RGB LED lights up which color to emit After the Processing Stage the user input message or text can now be seen in the RGB LED Panel and displays the desired font color Scope and Delimitation Since it is the objective of the study to develop a cost efficient Digital Signage the design consists of readily available components in the market The design is compact and easy to use with the proposed operation via Bluetooth technology The study also covers the implementation and assessment of the prototype as to its usability in different conditions and the accepta
40. g on different colors to attract audiences Table 8 shows the expected values for color variations of the font colors for the RGB LED Panel The left arrow button of the mobile phone is connected to the Red color driver while the up arrow button of the mobile phone is connected to the Green color driver and the right arrow button of the mobile phone is connected to the Blue color driver Pressing these buttons will result to different color combinations The default color is White Condition Output Color Default White White Left Button Aqua Blue Aqua Blue Up Button Blue White Right Button Yellow Yellow Left Button Green 37 Default Up Button Violet Violet Right Button Red Table 5 Expected values for color variation The procedure conducted by the researchers for this part is as follows 1 First connect the mobile phone N70 Music Edition to the RGB LED Panel via Bluetooth Technology with Bluetooth Chat application to be able to communicate to the RGB LED Panel After a successful connection 2 Type a test message msg FONT COLOR TEST After typing the desired characters 3 Send the message to the RGB LED Panel When the message is already displayed 4 Use the keypad arrows left right and up on the mobile phone to create different color combinations The table below shows the results of the test Condition Output Color
41. g to A K Gelig of IEEE Pulse width modulation PWM of a signal or power source involves the modulation of its duty cycle to either convey information over a communications channel or control the amount of power sent to a load In relation to the group s design changing the duty cycle of each PWM signal can control the average current flowing through each RGB led creating any color desired In this project the duty cycle is the ratio of ON or OFF time to the total time the LED was ON and OFF The mixing of colors from red green and blue to produce any other color is described in the CIE color chart figure 2 1 The CIE chart is a triangular wedge which shows all the colors the eye can see where the top left corner is pure green the bottom right is pure red and the bottom left is pure blue The 11 numbers on the perimeter are corresponding wavelength in nanometers The inscribed triangle is a demonstration of actual color generated For example let s say our RGB LED can generate the following pure wavelengths 700nm red 545nm green and 400nm blue These would correspond to the points plotted on the CIE chart and so we can make any of the colors inside the triangle but none outside of it Figure 2 1 CIE Color Chart To change the duty cycle of the PMW signal to each of the LED a different period of delay should be set for the time it is ON and OFF Consider a LED set to ON state ims and then set to OFF sta
42. in for the PWM channel is set to 0 If Demo bit 1 Then null IntCount DutyCycle0 If null 0 Then OE Red 1 null IntCount DutyCycle1 If null 0 Then OE Green 1 null IntCount DutyCycle2 If null 0 Then OE Blue 1 EndIf EndIf TMROIF 0 Clear the TOIF bit in the INTCON register TMROON 1 INTCON 7 1 enable interrupts INTCON 6 1 Context Restore Context restore and exit the interrupt EndIf End 87
43. is ready for use Using the Mobile Bluetooth Chat 8 9 Press the menu button of the N70 mobile phone Select Connectivity Bluetooth Highlight Bluetooth then press Options Change ON Then press Exit To operate Bluetooth Select My Own Bluetooth Chat To connect the mobile phone to the RGB Panel via Bluetooth select Options Connect When it searches E gizmo Select and press Connect You are now connected to the Panel To disconnect press Option Disconnect 10 To Exit just press the EXIT then it will go back to the My Own Folder TO Send Messages 1 2 Type on the textbox the msg syntax then followed by 5 spaces then type the desired message you want to be displayed Press Options Send 51 3 Then it will display the Message you have sent TO Show the Color spectrum 1 Type on the textbox demo 2 Press Options Send 3 It will show the color spectrum of the Panel 52 ES 13 ane NM EM kA WT PEPE CM NIU HI 11 E m pne HP P SG Paan 7 T sc a SS o L L MAIT TOCS UMMI EJE oped 1 1 1 Z NOXD wc E DE L MMA TOD Le pe Bey SSH em Pep aes Z neo en cren GG pi em M en hemes nme nme ple M rail i e e v nza i i a i
44. lated to produce any color that is desired Data Transferring is achieved through Bluetooth Technology RGB LEDs operate in extreme outdoor conditions One of the important concerns that the group has considered is the location of the RGB LED panel on where it is to be used According to Emily Gleason Avago Technologies developed a series of high brightness SMT tri color LEDs that will enable designers to develop large indoor and outdoor electronic displays that will provide sharper images and graphics The series of high brightness RGB LEDs have been designed to operate in extreme outdoor conditions Typical applications include stadium scoreboards billboards marquee signs and electronic variable messages signs The group s design which is similar to the electronic variable messages signs knows the importance of choosing the suitable RGB LED for the project 9 The group has considered the one that displays most visibility and can be seen at stiff viewing angles the RGB Quad LED offers a viewing angle of 120 for large display In this article it stated that the RGB LED light output can be affected by the PCB temperature where the LEDs are soldered and the elevation temperatures will also result in further degradation of the light output At 55 degrees Celsius it would approximately cost the light output 15 20 lower It is helpful for the group s design so that if the design is to be installed it would be placed in a shade
45. lder Case L 79 LookUp Segment 7F 40 40 40 40 00 EOM Segment_holder Case M LookUp Segment 7F 02 04 02 7F 00 EOM Segment_holder Case N LookUp Segment 7F 04 08 10 7F 00 EOM Segment_holder Case O LookUp Segment 3E 41 41 41 3E 00 EOM Segment_holder Case P LookUp Segment 7F 09 09 09 06 00 EOM Segment_holder Case Q LookUp Segment 3E 541 51 21 5E 00 EOM Segment holder Case R LookUp Segment 7F 09 19 29 46 500 EOM Segment holder Case S LookUp Segment 46 49 49 49 31 00 EOM Segment holder Case T LookUp Segment 01 01 7F 01 01 00 EOM Segment holder Case U LookUp Segment 3F 40 40 40 3F 00 EOM Segment holder Case V LookUp Segment 1F 20 40 20 1F 00 EOM Segment holder Case W LookUp Segment 7F 20 18 20 7F 00 EOM Segment holder Case X LookUp Segment 63 14 08 14 63 00 EOM Segment holder Case Y LookUp Segment 03 04 78 04 03 00 EOM Segment holder Case Z LookUp Segment 61 51 49 45 43 00 EOM Segment holder Case LookUp Segment 80 80 80 80 80 00 EOM Segment_holder Case Else LookUp Segment 00 EOM Segment_holder End Select Return LOWERcase Select Case CHAR_String ind Case a Segment_holder LookUp Segment 7E 11 11 11 7E 00 EOM Case b Segment holder LookUp Segm
46. lor transition The researchers assumed that using Pulse Width Modulation PWM it would display multiple colors Table 10 shows the expected distinguishable colors that would be displayed when the demo was transmitted Time Color Displayed 1 second White 39 2 seconds Pink 3 seconds Orange 4 seconds Yellow 5 seconds Neon 6 seconds Light Green 7 seconds Green 8 seconds Bright Turquoise 9 seconds Turquoise 10 seconds Turquoise 11 seconds Purple 12 seconds Light Blue 13 seconds Aqua Blue 14 seconds Blue 15 seconds Azure 16 seconds Amaranth Pink 17 seconds Cherry Blossom Pink 18 seconds Bright Pink 19 seconds Carrot Orange 20 seconds Amber 21 seconds Chartreuse Yellow 22 seconds Lime 23 seconds Green Yellow 24 seconds Jade 25 seconds Aqua 26 seconds Cyan Table 7 Expected values for colors that will be generated The procedure conducted by the researchers for this part is as follows 1 Connecting the Nokia N70 Music Edition to the RGB LED Panel via Bluetooth Technology The Bluetooth Chat application is Used in order to establish the communication between both parties Then 40 2 The command sent is demo which is the default command for producing multiple colors The demo lasted 26 22 seconds displaying expected color transitions that are shown in Table 11
47. m Matrix_Column3 As Word Dim Matrix_Column4 As Word Dim Matrix_Column5 As Word Dim Segment As Byte Dim Segment holder As Byte Dim Speed As Byte Dim Segment Count As Word Dim Total Segment As Word Dim Loop As Word Dim ind As Word Dim Loop COUNT As Word Dim Ram LEFT As Byte Dim CHAR Reload As Word Dim MSSG END As Word Dim dummy As Word Dim TIMERO As TMROL Word Dim Ph Val As Byte Dim StrReload bit As Bit Dim CHANGE BIT As Bit Dim first run bit As Bit Dim Color Red As Bit Dim Color Green As Bit Dim Color Blue As Bit Dim PWMO As Bit Dim PWM1 As Bit Dim PWM2 As Bit Dim Loop bit As Bit Dim Demo bit As Bit Dim Demo flag As Bit Dim IntCount As Byte Dim DutyCycle0 As Byte 0 Holds duty cycle for PWM channel 64 Dim DutyCycle1 As Byte Holds duty cycle for PWM channel 1 Dim DutyCycle2 As Byte Holds duty cycle for PWM channel 2 Dim PWMFlags Byte Used for software flags Dim Temp As Byte Dim Phase As Word Holds the sinusoidal pointer location Dim BeginPWM As PWMFlags 0 Clear TK K K H H lt K K KKK K H FH XH KKK KKK KKK KK KK Peripherals Setup ONBOARD_USB False Disable the USB and free the extra RAM OPTIMISER_LEVEL 3 Maximum optimiser DEAD_CODE_REMOVE On Remove redundant ASM ALL_DIGITAL True WARNINGS OFF REMINDERS OFF TRISA 00000000 set ports for input or output TRISB 00000001 Make the last four bits of PortB Out
48. mands a form of validation that doesn t need to be quite as empirically based as in other types of research The study was composed of Gathering of the Data and Materials Prototyping Prototype Testing and Validation The design was patterned mainly on the existing LED matrices available in the market This design is a stand alone microcontroller based prototype The design procedure part provides further explanation of the method and a step by step procedure is discussed Design Procedure The design as stated above follows the Constructive research method Figure 3 1 located on the next page further explains the step by step method The design was separated in three parts the first part being the data gathering and prototype designing second is the hardware part and the last part is the software design The data gathering and designing involve the library research and interviews the researchers have done The researchers established a block diagram to guide the whole process of designing The block diagram serves as a backbone of the design as seen on Fig 3 2 Fig 3 2 shows the components to be used The hardware part basically involves building the circuit and this part 14 shows the interconnection of the components based on the design in the first part The software part of the design is the programming part This involves the proton programming to program the microcontroller See each respective part for specific details Identify
49. mobile phone and the RGB LED Panel Part I Display characters The purpose of this test was to display the characters sent via Nokia N70 Music Edition using Bluetooth and to display it to the RGB LED Panel The characters used were alphabets from A to Z numbers from O to 9 and some special characters The researchers assumed that all the characters that were sent would be displayed on the RGB LED panel These included all alphabets numeric and 34 some special characters All sent characters would be displayed with respect to their types and cases The procedure conducted by the researchers for this part is as follows 1 Connect the mobile phone N70 Music Edition to the RGB LED Panel via Bluetooth Technology The mobile phone must have an application called Bluetooth Chat which acts as a communication medium for both parties After a successful connection 2 The researchers typed the default syntax msg then followed by the desired characters for testing After typing the desired characters 3 The researchers send the message to the RGB LED Panel The table below shows the results of the test Input Character Output Character A a A A B b B B Ce C C D d D D E e E E F f F F G g G G H h H H L I I J j J J K k K K L L M m M M N n N N 0 0 0 0 P p P P Q q Q Q R r R R 5 5 5 5 T t mu 35
50. n of Bluetooth Chat which acts aS a communication medium for both parties The other mobile phone Nokia N90 has no application installed Mobile A and Mobile B will try to connect simultaneously to the RGB LED Panel After finishing the first part 2 The researchers followed the second test by which two mobile phones Nokia N70 Music Edition and Nokia N73 would try to connect to the RGB LED Panel via Bluetooth Technology Both mobile phones have an application of Bluetooth Chat to communicate to the RGB LED Panel Both mobile phones will simultaneously try to connect 43 The table below shows the results of both actual tests Transmitter Result Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Nokia N90 without NOT NOT NOT BT Chat Acknowledged Acknowledged Acknowledged Nokia N70 with BT User User User Chat Acknowledged Acknowledged Acknowledged Table 11 Actual values for BT Chat Acknowledgement Transmitter Result Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 N70 with BT Chat Connected Connected Connected N73 with BT Chat Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Table 12 Actual values for Point to point connection Referring to Table 12 the results are clearly seen in the three trials made that the RGB LED Panel only accepts the mobile with the Bluetooth Chat application The Bluetooth Chat application acts as a communication medium between the mobile phone and the RGB LED P
51. nce of both the advertisers and the target audience The Digital Signage displays text data that are sent thru Bluetooth The text input comprises of letters numbers and special characters The letters displayed are all in upper case as a limitation on the matrix of the design The display panel is 8x40 RGB LED matrix The panel displays up to 240 characters per message The design uses Bluetooth from mobile phones to send messages which is advantageous because it doesn t require money every time the user sends a note or a message much cheaper and much efficient compared to SMS developed designs The input device must have a software called Bluetooth Chat installed The Bluetooth Chat software acts as a bridge between the input device and the RGB LED Panel Sending data to the RGB LED Panel via SMS or infrared messaging will not work The limited distance between the mobile phone and the design is up to 10 meters With constraints such as timeframe and funding for the development of the prototype the project is limited only to a small design that can only display text messages of varying colors though it shall consist of components that can display animated images Definition of Terms LED A light emitting diode LED is a semiconductor diode that emits light when an electrical current is applied in the forward direction of the device Basic Electronics 2003 RGB LED is a LED Light Emitting Diode that emits thre
52. ode mara information abour ihe electrical characteristics of ihe linear regulator ses section 4 In 115 document PS KAP alo piga 22004 7004 Sus 58 APPENDIX F Figures 8 8 LED MODULE A m DATA a na EJ COLUMNS DATA 8 x 8 LED MODULE FIVE OF THESE MODULES MAKE UP THE RGB LED PANEL 59 s LED Module Row Drivers LED MODULE ROW DRIVERS 60 8 COLUMNS 1 G _ jl 5 c gt G gt nu 5j lt lt co m gt Ie o J o S 5 m lt m lt O g C lt O 23 T Z fe m L APPENDIX G Source Code TK K K K H KH K H H He K H KK H lt H lt K lt KKK KKK H lt H lt K lt K lt KKK KKK FK XK KKK KKK H lt KKK F lt F lt X lt KKK X lt KK OK Name UNTITLED BAS Author Antonio Rufo R Cuenco Notice Copyright 2008 Strategic Instruments i All Rights Reserved Date 11 26 2008 Version 1 0 Notes Sourcecode to test DM135 shift registers x TE K K H H lt K H KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK X IE OK Device 18F4550 Declare XTAL 20 CONFIG_START PLLDIV 5 prescale Divide by 5 20 MHz oscillator input default 4mhz result in 48mhz with PLL enabled other osc inp
53. olors for the messages that will be displayed in the RGB LED Panel 4 Use Pulse Width Modulation or PWM on four RGB LEDs so that it can display multiple colors that the RGB LED can produce 5 Improvise a software that can act as a bridge between the mobile phone and the RGB LED Panel Significance of the Study The design has a global impact for the business owners With the implementation of this project marketers and business owners will have access to a cost effective medium for advertising their products and services It is not only simple and easy to use but the product itself is also affordable even to the small and medium Entrepreneurs It would be a great advertising tool because it allows users to change their messages in real time to reach target audience without delay The design has an environmental impact With the use of this design it can minimize the use of paper posters flyer advertisements tarpaulins and the like which add to the amount of waste dumped This can help in lessening the garbage in the society The Conceptual Framework Input Process Output Data to be Convert input Display the displayed in the data to ASCII ASCII Panel characters in Define color to the RGB Panel Color of the be used with the data when corresponding displayed color Figure 1 1 Conceptual Framework Figure 1 1 shows the RGB LED display system s structure and functionalities It is divided into three stag
54. oltage which is 5V This is important because the driver voltage of the microcontroller is only 5v Excess voltage may damage the 25 9c weibeig S6SOHARL VIVO 0 XLIH 1934 p o 9087002 AS DIA ven SESDHARL x o 388848845 1422724 n 2422 60 324 1 uwnoQ sur 3128127204 AS 22 pay moy jur 1238 ang Noy Tur 8 1934 NNOO bh St Ob e t n ma eo fofo s E Nd AS 22 AS 22 eL UM kW yr YA 4 JATAH LOD ir A SM pm JJ TETEN ubisag 311241 3 The group laid out the circuit diagram of the whole project to guide the development of the design Figure 3 7 illustrates the circuit diagram of the Power Supply and the Bluetooth Module The Power Supply as two output voltages 3V and 5V The 3V supplies the Bluetooth Module while the 5V supplies the Microcontroller and the other design components which is found in Figure 3 8 Figure 3 8 illustrates the circuit diagram for the Color and the Row Drivers implemented by the researchers It is shown in Figure 3 8 that the Drivers get their voltage input from the Voltage Output that is in Figure 3 7 additional voltage input for the column drivers is taken from the Unregulated Voltage also found in Fig
55. op bit 1 Then Loop COUNT Loop COUNT 1 If Loop COUNT Speed Then Loop COUNT 0 CHAR Reload CHAR Reload 1 If CHAR Reload MSSG END Then CHAR Reload 0 CHAR count 0 Empty total character holder GoSub CHANGE CONTENT EndIf EndIf If CHAR Reload lt gt dummy Then dummy CHAR Reload StrReload bit 1 Segment Count 0 GoSub STORE ARRAY EndIf GoTo Start CHANGE CONTENT D id For ind 0 To 255 If CHAR String ind 00 Then Break CHAR count CHAR count 1 Next ind Return NUMcase Select Case CHAR String ind Case LookUp Segment S00 500 500 500 500 EOM Segment holder Case 1 LookUp Segment S00 542 57F 40 00 00 EOM Segment_holder Case 2 77 LookUp Segment 42 61 51 49 46 00 EOM Segment_holder Case 3 LookUp Segment 21 41 45 4B 31 00 EOM Segment_holder Case 4 LookUp Segment 18 14 12 7F 10 00 EOM Segment_holder Case 5 LookUp Segment 27 45 45 45 39 00 EOM Segment_holder Case 6 LookUp Segment 3C 4A 49 49 30 00 EOM Segment_holder Case 7 LookUp Segment 01 71 09 05 03 00 EOM Segment_holder Case 8 LookUp Segment 36 49 49 49 36 00 EOM Segment_holder Case 9 LookUp Segment 06 49 49 29 1E 00 EOM Segment_holder Case 0 LookUp Segment 3E 51 49 45 3E 00 EOM Segment_holder Case LookUp Segment 00 36 36 00 EOM Segment_holder Case lt
56. ors when demo command is used To create different color combinations the researchers changed the duty cycles of the three PWM outputs over time One way to do this was to control the three PWM duty cycles with a three phase sinusoidal profile This generated a rotating color vector that would sweep smoothly across the chromaticity plane generating a wide range of color combinations The three PWM signal would be used to control the brightness of the Red Green and Blue emitters 5 After the software design was finished the next step was to use the PIC programmer kit in order to transfer the program into the PIC Microcontroller 29 System Flowchart Load default message from the microcontroller and display it until a new message is sent Is Bluetooth Module Sending Data Read from microcontroller s lookup table for the next character to be displayed Is Character in the lookup table Store Character in Data Array which will be used to display character Is Character the end of message Display contents of Data Array in the RGB Led Panel Fig 3 10 System Flowchart 30 Figure 3 10 is the system flowchart of the prototype It briefly shows how the operation of the design starts and when does it end As shown in the figure the process starts as the system is turned ON It will first display the default message that is stored in the Flash storage that is in the microcontroller Then it will th
57. ount Segment_holder EndIf Segment_Count Segment_Count 1 Segment Segment 1 If first_run_bit 0 Then Total_Segment Total_Segment 1 72 Wend Segment 0 Segment_holder 0 EndIf If CHAR_String ind gt And CHAR_String ind lt Then While Segment_holder lt gt EOM GoSub NUMcase If Segment_holder EOM Then Break If StrReload bit 1 Then If CHAR Reload Segment Count Then Segment Count 0 CHAR Column Segment Count Segment holder StrReload bit 0 EndIf EndIf If StrReload bit 0 Then If Segment Count lt 40 Then CHAR Column Segment Count Segment holder EndIf Segment Count Segment Count 1 Segment Segment 1 If first run bit 0 Then Total Segment Total Segment 1 Wend Segment 0 Segment holder 0 EndIf Next ind If first run bit 0 Then MSSG END Total Segment first run bit 2 1 EndIf Return Start Display Char 73 Matrix_Column 1 Matrix_Column1 1 Matrix_Column2 1 Matrix_Column3 1 Matrix_Column4 1 For Loop Loop_START To Loop_END Create a loop of 10 If Matrix_Column 9 lt gt 1 Then SHOut Isbfirst 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHOut DTA CLK Isbfirst Matrix Column Matrix_Column Matrix_Column lt lt 1 EndIf If Matrix Column 9 1 Then If Matrix Column1 9 lt gt 1 Then SHOut Isbfirst 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHOut Isbfirst Matrix Column1 0 Matrix Column1 Matrix
58. puts INTCON2 7 0 Enable Internal PortB Pullup Resistors TRISC 10000000 Just make sure the USART RX Port C 7 is an input TRISD 00000000 and the LCD ports are set up correctly TRISE 00000000 USART Interrupt Setup Declare FSR_CONTEXT_SAVE off Interrupt GoTo USART Int define interrupt handler TNTCON 9611000000 PIE1 5 1 enable interrupt on USART receive RCSTA 90 Enable serial port amp continuous receive TXSTA 20 Enable transmit BRGH 0 65 SPBRG 112 4800 Baud 48MHz 0 0 SPBRGH 2 BAUDCON 3 1 Enable 16 bit baudrate generator RCSTA 90 Enable serial port amp continuous receive TXSTA 24 Enable transmit BRGH 1 SPBRG 225 9600 Baud 48MHz 0 0 SPBRGH 4 BAUDCON 3 1 Enable 16 bit baudrate generator TOCON TIMERO Control Register Interrupt Setup K K K KKK KKK HK H lt H lt H lt KKK KKKK KKK KKK K TOCON TIMERO Control Register Symbol TMROON TOCON 7 TIMERO On Off Control bit 1 Enables TIMERO 0 Stops TIMERO Symbol TO8BIT TOCON 6 TIMERO 8 bit 16 bit Control bit 1 TIMERO is configured as 8 bit timer counter 0 TIMERO Is configured as a 16 bit timer counter Symbol TOCS TOCON 5 TIMERO Clock Source Select bit 1 Transition TOCKI 0
59. roved and accepted by the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Communications Engineering and Computer Engineering as fulfillment of the requirement for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering 5 Galing Dr Felicito 5 Caluyo Dean School of EE ECE CoE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all the greatest engineer God from whom all knowledge flows and all guidance emanates from This report would not have seen completion without the help of the following people who have contributed insights and guidance Our parents for their continuing support and patience which has directed us to the achievement of our goals We are very thankful for having you around Our classmates who have in their own ways contributed pieces of information that led to the completion of this study These individuals participated in lengthy discussions regarding project issues and outcomes Their efforts are greatly appreciated Mr Dela Paz for providing valuable assistance His efforts are gratefully acknowledged And Finally Mr Linsangan for his concern to our group that we may be able to finish the design His patience and understanding is appreciated by the group TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE APPROVAL SHEET ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES ABSTRACT Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Design Background and Introduction Statement of the Problem Obj
60. s Mark Dale A Nieveras Mapua Institute of Technology May 2009 49 ARNINGS To avoid electrical shock refrain from holding any exposed wires of the device e This device is intended for adults use only If the child wants to use the device parents should supervise him her e Avoid prolonged use of the product in dark rooms areas so to avoid eye strains SAFETY PRECAUTIONS v For your safety always unplug the device while it is not in use v The device is mainly used for indoors v The device uses 220 V of electricity v Only use the authorized plug adaptor for this device THE 24 BIT PROGRAMMABLE RGB LED DISPLAY This device is a small scale model for digital display that uses RGB LED light emitting diode This LED displays multiple colors and uses the Bluetooth technology The Bluetooth acts as a communication medium between the display panel and the mobile phone BEFORE USING THE DEVICE e Only Nokia N70 version mobile phones or early Symbian 60 OS mobile phones can interact with the device provided that the mobile phone has an installed application called BT CHAT e Make sure that the operating condition of the area is dry and well ventilated 50 OPERATING THE DEVICE THE RGB LED Panel Display 1 2 3 4 Open the top flip of the box Connect the power adaptor to the panel s power port Plug the power adaptor to the wall outlet The panel shows the pre installed message the panel
61. stants IntCount 32 Initialise IntCount to 32 DutyCycle0 0 DutyCycle1 0 Clear the Duty Cycle Variables DutyCycle2 0 Z Symbol True 1 Symbol False 0 Symbol DTA PORTB 2 Symbol CLK PORTB 3 Symbol Latch_E PORTB 4 Symbol OE_Red PORTB 5 Symbol OE_Green PORTB 6 Symbol OE_Blue PORTB 7 Symbol OE_Col PORTC 2 Symbol EOM 25577 Symbol Loop_START 0 Symbol Loop_END 39 DE XH H lt H H H lt H lt Fe 2 KKKKKEKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK Initial Values Demo_bit 0 63670 Ph_Val 255 Phase 0 Initialise the sinusoidal pointer to 0 first_run_bit 0 Loop_bit 1 Speed 3 Latch_E 1 OE_Red 1 OE_Green 1 OE_Blue 1 OE_Col 1 Color_Red 0 Color_Green 0 Color_Blue 0 HRSOut Type some characters in the terminal window n r _ and they will appear the LCD _ Note that no characters are missed n r _ even though there is a stupidly large delay within the receiving loop n r USART Tx Test 70 Include BUFFERED HSERIN INC Load the USART 1 interrupt handler and buffer read subroutines into memory INIT USART INTERRUPT Initiate the USART 1 serial buffer interrupt CLEAR SERIAL BUFFER Clear the serial buffer and reset its pointers 5 CHAR String MAPUATECH BLUETOOTH MOVING MESSAGE DISPLAY gt gt gt gt gt gt StrN CHAR String MAPUATECH BL
62. te for 3ms since the LED is OFF 3 times longer that it was ON the positive duty cycle is 25 of the time ims 4ms and the negative duty cycle is 75 of the time 3ms 4ms This makes the RGB LED produces other colors 12 TPS62260LED Wireless Remote Control RGB LED design kit Figure 2 2 TPS62260LED Wireless Remote Control RGB LED design kit This design related to the group s study is a new product of Texas Instruments Incorporated According to the author the TPS62260LED Board controls the color and brightness of RGB LEDs or runs an automatic color light animation program It can utilize wireless communication by using eZ430 RF2500 RF development tool which is plugged directly to the board This allows designers to create a lighting network of RF controlled lamps Using wireless technology same as ours flexibility is obtained as well as additional infrastructures are eliminated Using Bluetooth will be more convenient than RF as quoted by Bortman 2002 Bluetooth is a protocol that allows short range communication among computers cell phones printers keyboards mice and other electronic device There are a lot of Bluetooth enabled devices available that can be used to transmit signals 13 CHAPTER 3 DESIGN METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES Design Methodology Constructive research was used as the design methodology Constructive research is perhaps the most common computer science research method This type of approach de
63. ure 3 7 Both illustrations show the interconnection between the Microcontroller the RGB LED drivers the Drivers the Bluetooth Module and the other hardware components The output ports are the ones that are connected to the RGB Led panel Software Design 4 Next is the development of the software component that operates the microcontroller 27 Software Component Column Drivers PIC18F4550 OOOOOOOO Microcontroller Row Drivers OOOOOOO00 Figure 3 9 The PIC18F4550 Microcontroller controlling the Led drivers For the program in the microcontroller the researchers have used Proton a python based compiler to program the PIC18F4550 microcontroller that was used This software is a powerful application with user friendly graphical development environment for Windows with integrated simulator emulator basic compiler assembler disassembler and debugger It supports the Microchip Technology PIC microcontrollers which mostly controls the other parts of the design such as the Color Drivers Figure 3 9 shows the Microcontroller controlling the Column Drivers and the Row Drivers Using Pulse Width Modulation to generate multiple colors Pulse Width Modulation PWM control signal is widely used in embedded control applications for a variety of tasks that include light dimming output voltage control and communication between devices In the groups design PWM 28 is responsible for the demonstration of multiple col
64. ut needs to be prescaled or divided to have a reult of 4mhz example 20 5 4 always should be 411 CPUDIV OSC1 PLL2 postscale OSC1 OSC2 Src 11 96 MHz PLL SIC J 21 USBDIV 2 USB clock source comes from the 96 MHz PLL divided by 2 FOSC HSPLL_HS AHS HS oscillator PLL enabled HS used by USB FCMEN OFF Fail Safe Clock Monitor disabled IESO OFF Oscillator Switchover mode disabled PWRT On PWRT enabled BOR On Brown out Reset enabled in hardware only SBOREN is disabled BORV 3 Minimum setting VREGEN OFF USB voltage regulator disabled WDT OFF HW Disabled SW Controlled WDTPS 1024 1 1024 MCLRE On MCLR pin Disabled RE input pin enabled LPT1OSC On Timer1 configured for low power operation PBADEN OFF lt 4 0 gt pins are configured as digital on Reset CCP2MX On input output is multiplexed with RC1 STVREN OFF Stack full underflow will not cause Reset 62 LVP OFF Single Supply ICSP disabled ICPORT disabled Instruction set extension and Indexed Background debugger disabled RB6 and RB7 configured as general purpose I O pins ICPRT OFF XINST OFF Addressing mode disabled Debug OFF CPO OFF protected CP1 OFF protected CP2 OFF protected CP3 OFF protected CPB OFF protected CPD OFF WRTO OFF protected WRT1 OFF protected WRT2 OFF protected WRT3 OFF protected WRTB OFF protected WRT
65. wih V2 D E 2 of specification for both 2Mbps and 3Mbps modulation modes Class 2 Type Output Power Full Speed Bluetocth Operatian win Full Piconet Suppor Scaltermet Suppan 3 3V Operation Minimum External Components UART interface suppar AMEE Ex eral Flash Onboard Suppor far 802 1100 Existence RoHS Compliant A d r Product Description GL 5B a Class 2 Bluetooth module using Blueczored AudosoOM cnet Tram leading Bluetooth chipset supplier Cambridge Silicon Radio Applications Bluetocth Cars PCS Computer Accessories Access Panis D 2004 7006 ire OPO O cae 1 57 Bluetooth Serial Converter UART Interface Specifications 2 AGHz 2 48GHz unilcensed ISM band VIDEOR c UART Dimangion Specification are subject a change without prior noce Electronics Characteristics Absolute Maximum Ratings Rng Mx Sum Temperaire Supply Other Terminal Voltage VSS 0 4N Racommendad Operating Conditions Operating Conditions Gpecsg Tenperstre Range Guaranteed RF Peromance 40T 150C Range Tyokcal figures are given for RF perfomance between 40 C and 157 Power Consumption Connection UART Rats Type T 115 2 mimemg _ Sary LOW power mode on linear regulator 15 entered and exited automatically when the ch entersilesves Deep Sleep m
66. y the PIC microcontroller The design uses a Bluetooth module to receive data coming from mobile phones laptops and desktop computers The design can be interfaced with desktop personal computers via a hyper terminal that uses RJ11 phone jack Keywords RGB LED microcontroller Bluetooth wireless viii Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Small Businesses are the major job providers in most economies The most common problem faced by small businesses is bankruptcy this is often caused by poor planning rather than economic conditions Poor planning mainly on product marketing on how to advertise their products effectively They can try word of mouth customer referrals yellow pages directories and there are other marketing techniques but are quite expensive like television radio outdoor roadside billboards and internet marketing Another effective way to market a product is by digital signage Digital signage is not yet considered by most business development experts as a marketing technique because they are simply unaware of its value Digital signage costs less compared to that of broad based media such as TV newspapers radio and yellow pages and it is usually a one time investment Another thing to keep in mind is the longevity of the medium All other media stop as soon as you quit paying for it There is a need for a design of an RGB LED Panel via Bluetooth Technology that has commercial features and can allow users

Programmable 24-bit RGB LED Color Panel via Bluetooth Technology

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