509 509THD
Contents
1. 41 5 3 2 Transmit Data Format SX 1D POSITION RANGE STATUS DATA STX 1 BYTE F2H ID 1 BYTE 09H POSITION 1 BYTE RANGE 1 BYTE STATUS 7 BYTE DATA 6 BYTE ETX 1 BYTE F3H Example POSITION DATA FORMAT MSB LSB 0 o 0 BIT3 BIT2 BIT1 BITO LOW BATT 0 INACTIVE 1 LOW BATTERY BIT3 BIT2 BIT1 BITO 0 0 0 0 DOmV 0 0 0 1 AC DC V 0 0 1 0 AC DC pA 0 0 1 1 AC DC mA 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 Ohm Q 0 1 1 0 BEEP 0 1 1 1 DIODE 1 0 0 0 TEMPERATURE C F 1 0 0 1 CAPACITANCE uF 1 0 1 0 FREQUENCY Hz 42 5 3 3 Receive Data Format STX 1 BYTE F2H 10 1 BYTE 09H DATA 1 BYTE ETX 1 BYTE F3H Example DATA FORMAT MSB LSB LONG KEY BIT2 BIT1 BIT4 2 0 LONG KEY INACTIVE 1 LONG KEY ACTIVE BITS BIT2 BIT 1 BIT 0 0 0 0 0 NOKEY 0 0 0 1 RANGE KEY 0 0 1 0 HOLD KEY 0 0 1 1 AC DC KEY 0 1 0 0 RECORD KEY 0 1 0 1 RELATIVE KEY 0 1 1 0 PERCENTAGE KEY 0 1 1 1 COMPARE KEY 1 0 0 0 EDIT KEY 5 3 4 A Sample Program FICOM H The following program is an example of a C language program which helps users to understand the data format and the data interfacing method and also to develop their own programs Interrupt Usage and Selection between COM1 and 2 define COM1 0 define COM2 0 Base addresses of serial ports define COM1BAS2. This Meter directly measures temperature using a K type thermocouple which optionally supplied with this Meter This Meter displays temperature measured in degrees either Celsius or Fahrenheit NOTE This Meter auto matically defaults to the Centigrade scale To measure in Fahrenheit toggle the DC AC button when the rotary switch is set to TEMP position Repeated sharp flexing can break the thermocouple lead To prolong lead life avoid sharp bends in the lead especially near the connector The temperature measurement range of the K type thermocouple supplied with this Meter is 40 C to 1 370 C 40 F to 2 498 F 34 MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES FOR THE BEST ACCURACY Choosing a Proper Thermocouple Probe The thermocouple optionally supplied with this Meter is a bead type thermocouple which is designed for general purpose use For optimum accuracy use the style of probe that is appropriate for each type of application For example use an air probe for air measurements a surface probe for surface measurements and an immersion probe for liquid or gel measurements Thermocouple Adapter The thermocouple adapter supplied with this Meter is made from the same materials as thermocouple wires To avoid error it is very important to use a thermocouple adapter whose materials match the thermocouple you are using To Reduce Errors Ensure that there is a good connection between the thermocouple and the su
3. at 50Hz or 60Hz indicates what percent of harmonic contents is included in the power line Both features are typically found in much more expensive professional power analyzing instruments 30 Follow these steps to measure THD R 96 in the power line Po wo AR Cc Set function and range switch to the AC Volts or Amps range When measuring voltage or amperes in the 50Hz or 60Hz power line press and hold down the DC AC button for 2 seconds to select the THD 9 50 60Hz mode When this Meter enters into the THD mode the digital reading that is the True RMS value of voltage or amperes being measured disappears and the symbol and decimal points are displayed on the LCD After about 2 seconds from this moment the THD R 96 will be displayed To exit this mode press and hold down the DC AC button for 2 seconds again The symbol 96 disappears and the Meter will return to the AC functions 4 6 Measuring Capacitance B CAUTION DISCHARGE ALL CAPACITORS BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO MAKE MEASUREMENTS FAILURE TO DO SO CAN RESULT IN DAMAGE TO THE METER 31 n capacitance the Meter is always autoranging n 1yF range the readings are probably unstable due to 2 environmentally induced EACC electrical noise capacity of the test leads zb rd Therefore directly connect the object to be measured to the input terminals Bar graph does not function in
4. capacitance mode CAP PARALLEL CONNECTION Follow these steps to measure capacitance 1 Insert the test leads into the input terminals 2 Setthe rotary switch to the CAP position 3 Touch the probes to the capacitor and read the display When measuring polarized capacitors connect the positive to the VOHz CAP terminal and the negative to the COM terminal Capacitor dielectric absorption can cause measurement errors If more discharge is necessary the Meter displays di S while the capacitor is discharging 32 4 7 Measuring Frequency n frequency the Meter is PARALLEL always autoranging LN When disconnecting the input terminals the overload sign may be displayed or the display may unsteadily fluctuate This is typical Bar graph functions in frequency measurement Follow these steps to measure frequency 1 Insert the test leads in the input terminals 2 Setthe rotary switch to the Hz position 3 Touch the probes to the test points and read the display If the measured frequency is greater than 200 KHz 0 F L overload is displayed 4 8 Measuring Temperature FA WARNING DO NOT ALLOW TEMPERATURE PROBES TO CONTACT ANY LIVE VOLTAGE THAT MAY EXCEED 30 AC V RMS OR 42 AC V PEAK OR 60 DC V UNPLUG TEMPERATURE PROBE BEFORE TAKING MEASUREMENTS OTHER THAN TEMPERATURE INSTRUMENT AND OR EQUIPMENT DAMAGE COULD RESULT IF THE ABOVE WARNINGS ARE NOT FOLLOWED 33 THERMOCOUPLE
5. exceeding the protection circuit s rating and to ensure a correct measurement NEVER CONNECT THE TEST LEADS TO A SOURCE OF VOLTAGE when the rotary switch is set to Q or di P functions 22 The current applied during resistance measurements could damage some devices The table below lists the test voltage and current available for each resistance measurement range All values are typical RANGE OPEN CIRCUIT FULL SCALE SHORT CIRCUIT VOLTAGE A VOLTAGE B CURRENT C 4000 200mV 740 yA 4KQ 320mV lt 60 yA 40KQ 12V 340mV 11 pA 400 KO lt 340mV 15yA 4MQ lt 340mV 02yA 40 MQ 1mV 0 2 pA NOTE A is the open circuit test voltage at the input terminals in volts B is the voltage drop across a resistance equal to full scale value C is the current through a short circuit at the input terminal 4 2 1 Measuring Resistance Ohms When measuring resistance be sure that the contact between the test leads and the circuit under test is good Dirt oil solder flux or other foreign matter seriously affect the reading value Follow these steps to measure ohms 1 Set the Function switch to the desired Q position 2 Insert the black test lead into the input terminal and the red test lead into the VQHz CAP input terminal 3 Connect the test leads to the circuit to be measured 4 The measured resistance will be displa
6. COM2 define IRQ4 Oc Interrupt Vector for COM1 define IRQ8 70 Interrupt Vector for RTC Real Tlme Clock define IRQ16 0x 1C Interrupt Vector to called Timer define IRQNUM comport COM1 IRQ4 IRQ3 45 Miscellaneous define BUFSIZE 0x4000 Size of comm buffer define BUFFEREMPTY 1 Buffer empty define ON 1 define OFF 0 6 MAINTENANCE AND REPLACEABLE PARTS 6 1 General Maintenance FA WARNING REPAIRS OR SERVICING NOT COVERED IN THIS MANUAL SHOULD ONLY BE PERFORMED BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL TO AVOID ELECTRICAL SHOCK DO NOT SERVICE UNLESS YOU ARE QUALIFIED TO DO SO Periodically wipe the case with a damp cloth and detergent do not use abrasives or solvents Water dirt or contamination in the A or input terminals may harm this Meter Calibrate this Meter once a year to maintain its performance specifications 46 6 2 Battery Replacement The Meter uses a 9V battery NEDA 1604 or IEC 6F22 To replace the battery remove the two screws of the battery com parament from the back of the Meter and lift off the cover of the compartment Replace the battery Reattach the battery compartment to the back of the Meter and reinstall the screws 6 3 Fuse s Test To test the internal fuses of this Meter 1 Set the rotary switch to the position 2 Turn Meter on 3 To test F2 15A 600V insert a test lead into the VOHz CAP input terminal
7. FINEST 509 509THD TRUE RMS MULTIMETER WITH RS 232C Please read before using this equipment USER S MANUAL a world leader in test amp measurement FINEST FINE INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION 341 5 SONGNAE DONG SOSA GU BUCHON SHI KYUNGGI KOREA TEL 82 32 656 8771 4 FAX 82 32 656 5844 E mail finest ktnet co kr Copyright 1999 Fine Instruments Corp All right reserved Specifications subject to change without notice Litho in Korea BH WARNING SOURCES LIKE SMALL HAND HELD RADIO TRANSCEIVERS FIXED STATION RADIO AND TELEVISION TRANSMITTERS VEHICLE RADIO TRANSMITTERS AND CELLULAR PHONES GENERATE ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION THAT MAY INDUCE VOLTAGES IN THE TEST LEADS OF THE MULTIMETER IN SUCH CASES THE ACCURACY OF THE MULTIMETER CANNOT BE GUARANTEED DUE TO PHYSICAL REASONS Measurement Limits DC Voltage 0 1 mV to 1000 V AC Voltage 1 mV to 750 V DC Amps 0 1 pA to 10A AC Amps 0 1 pA to 10A Resistance 0 1 Q to 40 MQ Capacitance 0 001 uF to 999 uF Frequency 0 5 Hz to 200 kHz Temperature 40 C to 1 370 40 F to 2 498 F Continuity Check Beep at Approx 100 Q in the 4 KO range THD 50 60Hz 0 0 99 9 509 THD Only K WARNING READ SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS BEFORE USING THIS METER CONTENTS 1 Introduction 2 Safety Considerations 3 Explanation of Controls and Indicators 4 Basic Electrical Tests and Measurements 5 RS 2
8. R Total Harmonic Distortion as a percent of the total rms value Practically speaking either method is useful when looking at harmonics of a high enough value to create problems When measuring line voltage a maximum THD level of 5 or less is considered acceptable Below the 5 level both measurements THD R and THD F are essentially the same For THD levels above 5 you can convert THD R readings to THD F readings using either the following formula or conversion chart 100 X R _ T0000 R Where F THD F and R THD R F 29 As you can see from this table both THD R 96 and THD F 96 values are essentially the same when measuring line voltage where THD readings are often 596 or less The values differ only when THD levels exist above about 20 The maximum THD levels on line voltage of around 5 and the maximum THD levels on line current of around 2096 are common for a power line THD R 96 versus THD F THD R 20 THD F 0 00 0 00 5 00 5 01 10 00 10 05 15 00 15 17 20 00 20 41 25 00 25 82 30 00 31 45 35 00 37 36 40 00 43 64 50 00 50 39 55 00 57 74 60 00 65 86 65 00 75 00 70 00 85 53 75 00 98 02 80 00 113 39 85 00 133 33 90 00 161 36 95 00 206 47 95 00 304 24 100 00 M CREST FACTOR versus THD R 55 or THD F 26 A CREST FACTOR simply indicates whether harmonic contents are included or not in the power line However THD R 96 or THD F
9. and touch the probe to the A input terminal The display should read about 0 000V If the display reads OFL overload replace the fuse and test again If the display reads any other value have this Meter serviced 4 To test F11 1A 600V move the probe from the A input terminal to the mAWA input terminal The display should read about 1 2V If the display reads OFL overload replace the fuse and test again If the display reads any other value have this Meter serviced 6 4 Fuse s Replacement Follow these steps to replace the internal fuse s 1 Unplug the test leads Remove the rubber boot from the instrument 2 Remove the screws in the rear of the instrument and separate the front and rear housing 3 Replace the fuse s with the same type and size as the one removed 47 4 Snap the front and rear housing back together and reinstall the Screws 5 Reattach the rubber boot 7 ACCESSORIES NOTE When servicing the Meter use only th replaceable parts specified Battery 9 Volts FIT ans Fuse 1A 600V RMS Ross Fuse 15A 600V RMS TET caes Test Lead Set TP1A K type Thermocouple Adapter C2Y x Rubber Boot Yellow K type Thermocouple Optional RS50 RS 232C Interface Cable 1 5m Optional RSA5O RS 232C Interface Adaptor Optional DS50 RS 232C Software Dise Optional 48 8 SPECIFICATIONS 8 1 Specifications Accuracy is given as of reading
10. damage and a dangerous shock hazard could result because this exceeds the rating of this Meter 20 4 2 Measuring Resistance Ohms EA CAUTION TURN OFF POWER AND DISCHARGE ALL CAPACITORS ON CIRCUIT TO BE TESTED BEFORE ATTEMPTING INCIRCUIT RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS FAILURE TO DO SO MAY END UP IN EQUIPMENT AND OR INSTRUMENT DAMAGE THE RESISTANCE MEASURING CIRCUIT APPLIES A KNOWN VALUE OF CONSTANT CURRENT THROUGH THE UNKNOWN RESISTANCE AND THEN MEASURES THE VOLTAGE DEVELOPED ACROSS IT THEREFORE REMOVE ALL POWER TO THE CIRCUIT UNDER TEST WHEN MAKING RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS IF ANY VOLTAGE IS PRESENT IN THE TEST CIRCUIT AN ERRONEOUS READING WILL RESULT THIS METER MAY BE DAMAGED IF VOLTAGE IN EXCESS OF 600V AC IS PRESENT NOTE When measuring critically low ohm values touch tips of test leads together and record the reading Subtract this reading from any additional measurement to obtain the most accurate value 21 When measuring large resistance reading may be unstable due to environmentally induced electrical noise In this case directly connect the resistor to input terminals of the Meter or shield the resistor at potential of the COM input terminal to obtain stable reading For resistance above 1 Megohm the display may take a few seconds to stabilize This is normal for high resistance readings The Meter has a circuit to protect the resistance range from over voltage 600V AC However to prevent accidentally
11. number of least significant digits at 18 C to 28 C with relative humidity up to 8095 for a period of one year after calibration FUNCTION RANGE RESOLUTION ACCURACY REMARKS 400mV 0 1mV ONG ace DC V AN 0 3 2 00 Approx 401 10mV Approx 10MQ 400V 0 1V 1000V 1V 0 75 3 dgts DCA 400uA 0 1uA Voltage Drop 4000 0 5 1 0 100uVmA 40mA 0 01mA 1 2mV mA 400mA 0 1mA 4A 0 001A 1 0 5dgts 75mV A 10A 0 01A 4000 0 10 0 5 10 dgts Open Circuit Ohms 4KQ 10 Voltage 40KQ 100 400KQ 0 1KQ 0 5 3dgts 12V 4MO 1K0 40M 10KQ 1 2 8 dgts 49 FUNCTION RANGE RESOLUTION ACCURACY REMARKS Continuity OPEN CIRCUIT TEST VOLTAGE 1 2V THRESHOLD Approx 1000 Diode OPEN CIRCUIT TEST VOLTAGE 3V Check MAX TEST CURRENT 2 5mA 1uF 0 001yF The accuracy is for capacitors that have 10uF 0 01yF 1 7 5dgts negligible dielectric absorption 100uF 0 1yF Autoranging 1000uF uF 2 5 15 dgts Gate time 200Hz 0 01Hz 0 2 2 dgts 0 5 sec Hz 2KHz 0 1Hz 0 5 sec 0 5Hzto 20KHz 1Hz 0 05 2 dgts 1 0 sec 200KHz 200KHz 10Hz 20 000 counts 1 0 sec gt 200KHz 100Hz 1 0 sec NOTE DC V NORMAL MODE REJECTION RATIO gt 20dB at 50Hz or 60Hz COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO gt 100dB at dc 50Hz 60Hz FUSE PROTECTION pA or mA 1A 600V FAST fuse 1
12. 0Hz 400Hz 5KHz INPUT 6 Unspecified IMPEDANCE 4V imV ipn 5 dgts App 11MQ ACV 40V 10mV 25954 5 dgts 400V 0 1V 0 75 5 dats App 10MQ 750V 1V 0 75 3 5 5 dgts 5 dgts ACA The same accuracy specs as Model 509 NOTE Same above THD Measurement Accuracy at 50 60Hz 0 1Hz Voltage 2 2 dgts Current 2 2 dgts Temperature Specification RANGE RESOLUTION ACCURACY 40 C to 10 C 0 1 C t 3 0 C 1 dgt 40 F to 14 F 0 1 3 0 1 dot 10 to 20 C 0 1 C 29 00 14 F to 68 F 0 1 23 09 20 C to 400 C 0 1 t 1 09 2C 68 F to 400 0 1 1 0 2 400 C to 1 370 C 1 3 0 of reading 400 to 2 49 1 3 0 of reading This specification is effective at the ambient temperature of 23 C only 52 8 2 Maximum Inputs FUNCTION INPUT TERMINAL MAXIMUM INPUT RED LEAD BLACK LEAD Y VOHz CAP co 1000V V VOHz co 750V Q VOHz CAP Co 600V 4 CAP co 600V CAP co 600V VOHz CAP co 600V Hz VOHz CAP col 600V COM 10A 600V mA col 400mA 600V pA mAyA col 400mA 600V Temperature TEMP COM 60V DC or 24V AC RMS 8 3 General Specifications Display LCD Digital Analog Fuse Protection mA or pA A Storage Temperature Operating Temperature Counts 4000 Updates 4 times sec 41 segments Updates 20 times sec 1A 600V HIGH ENERGY FAST FUSE 15A 600V
13. 32C Interface 6 Maintenance and Battery Fuse s Replacement 7 Accessories 8 Specifications 17 36 46 48 49 1 INTRODUCTION This Meter is a handheld and battery operated instrument that is designed and tested according to IEC Publication 1010 1 EN 61010 1 Overvoltage Category Il the EMC Directive EN 50081 1 and EN 50082 1 and other safety standards see Specifications Features E THD 50 60Hz measurement Optional W 3 digit 4000 count with 41 segment bar graph E Auto manual ranging Safety shutter to prevent incorrect connections to current terminals E Fused 10 Amps range E Back light E True RMS on AC voltage and current ranges E Auto Power Off Mode E DC voltage basic accuracy within 0 3 E Fix Hold Automatic reading hold Fix Hold is a trademark of Fine Instruments Corp THD 9 50 60Hz is a registered trademark of Fine instruments Corp E Capacitance measurement li Frequency measurement Temperature measurement E Continuity beeper and diode test W Recording offset and relative mode E Comparator GO NO GO and percentage programming feature E 600 volt input protection on ohm range E Hold and Low battery annunciators 2 E Rubber boot or Safety holster E Large LCD display 68 5 mm x 32 7 mm E RS 232C interface 2 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS Before using this Meter read the following safety information carefully In this manual the word WARNING is used for condit
14. 5A 600V FAST fuse with gt 10000A interrupt rating 50 Specifications for Alternating Current TRUE RMS Model 509 Only FUNCTION RANGE RESOLUTION ACCURACY REMARKS 50Hz 60Hz 45Hz 1KHz 1KHz 30KHz INPUT IMPEDANCE 4V 1mV 2 5 Unspecified Approx 40V 10mV 0 75 5 dgts 11MQ ACV 400V 0 1V 3 dgts 1 0 2 5 5 dgts Approx 750V 1V 0 75 50015 5 0915 Unspecified 10MQ VOLTAGE 45Hz 1KHz DROP 400 0 1pA ACA 4000 0 40 0 01mA 1 0 5 dgts 400mA 0 1mA 1 2mV mA 4A 0 001A 10A 0 01A 1 5 5 dgts 7 5mV A NOTE AC V COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO gt 85dB at dc to 60Hz CREST FACTOR 1 1 through 3 1 For non sinusoidal wave forms 45 Hz to 1KHz add 2 of reading to accuracy FUSE PROTECTION pA or mA 1A 600V FAST fuse A 15A 600V FAST fuse with gt 10000A interrupt reting Model 509THD Only FUNCTION RANGE RESOLUTION ACCURACY REMARKS 50Hz 60Hz 45Hz 400Hz 400Hz 5KHz INPUT IMPEDANCE 6 Approx AN 1 0 75 Sdgts Unspecified 11MQ 40V 10mV 3 dots ACV 400V 0 1V 0 75 2 5 5 dgts Approx 750V 1V 0 75 50915 Sdgts 3 5 45 dats 10MQ ACA The same accuracy specs as Model 509 NOTE Same as above 55 Model 509 Only FUNCTION RANGE RESOLUTION ACCURACY REMARKS 50Hz 60Hz 45Hz 40
15. E 0x03f8 define COM2BASE 0xx02f8 define COMBASE comport COM1 COM1BASE COM2BASE Registers defineTHR COMBASE 0 Transmit Holding Register define RBR COMBASE 0 Receive Buffer Register yi definelER COMBASE 1 Interrupt Enable Register ki definellR COMBASE 2 Interrupt Identification Register defineLCR COMBASE 3 Line Control Register define MCR COMBASE 4 Modem Control Register defineLSR COMBASE 5 Line Status Register defineMSR COMBASE 6 Modem Status Register 44 Parameters to bioscom function define DATABIT7 0X02 Data bit define DATABIT8 0X03 define STOPBIT1 0X00 Stop bit define STOPBIT2 0X04 define NOPARITY 0X00 Parity bit define ODDPARITY 0X08 define EVENPARITY 0X18 define BAUD1200 0X80 Baud rate define BAUD2400 0Xa0 define BAUD4800 0Xc0 define BAUD9600 0Xe0 f 8259 PIC Programmable Interrupt Controller defineIMR 0x21 I O address of OCW1 IMR of 8529 PIC defineOCW 0x20 I O address of OCW2 of 8259 PIC OCW Operation Command Word IMR Interrupt Mask Register define MASKON 0x e7 Mask IRQ3 IRQ4 on gt IMR define MASKOFF 0x18 Mask IRQ3 IRQ4 off gt IMR define EOI 0x20 Non specific End of Interrupt command ocwe Interrupt Request Numbers define IRQO 0x 08 Interrupt Vector for Timer define IRQ3 Ob Interrupt Vector for
16. HIGH ENERGY FAST FUSE 20 C to 60 C 4 to 140 0C to 45 C 32 F to 113 53 Relative Humidity Temperature Coefficient Battery Type Battery Life Without Backlight With Backlight Size Hx Wx L Meter Only With Holster Weight Meter Only With Holster Vibration amp Shock Safety Standards 54 0 to 80 0 to 35 C 32 F to 95 0 to 70 35 C to 45 C 95 to 113 0 05 x Specified Accuracy C lt 18 C or gt 28 C 64 F or gt 82 F 9V NEDA 1604 or 6F22 or 006P 200 hrs typical alkaline 150 hrs typical alkaline 4 0cm x 8 5cm x 19 0cm 5 4cm x 10 3cm x 20 8cm 380g 655g Designed to MIL T 28800 for a Class Il instrument Designed to both IEC 1010 1 Overvoltage Category and the EMC Directive UL 1244 CSA C22 2 No 231 and ISA DS82
17. If the display reads 0 1 in both directions the device is probably open 25 Follow these steps to check a diode 1 Set the Function switch to the position 2 Insert the black test lead into the input terminal and the red test lead into the VOHz CAP input terminal 3 Touch the red test lead to the Anode side non banded end and the black test lead to the Cathode side banded end 4 If the diode is good the reading should indicate 0 3V to 0 8V on the LCD 5 Reverse the red and black leads on the diode if the LCD reads the overload sign the diode is good NOTE A defective diode will read 0 F L the overload sign or 0 00 no matter how the test leads are connected 4 3 3 Microwave Diodes Most microwave diodes can not be tested by a DMM with a diode test function This is because the DMM does not supply enough power to turn these diodes on We offer an accessory test lead model TL60 that boosts the power output so that microwave diodes can be adequately tested Consult your distributor for more details 4 4 Measuring Current Amps FA CAUTION THE CURRENT FUNCTIONS ARE PROTECTED BY A FUSE OF 600 VOLT RATING TO AVOID DAMAGE TO THE INSTRUMENT CURRENT SOURCES HAVING OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGES GREATER THAN 600 VOLTS DC OR AC MUST NOT BE MEASURED 26 NOTE When taking current measurements this Meter must be connected in SERIES with the circuit or circuit element under te
18. Microfarads 1 x 10 Farads 96 Percentage Annunciator in the both Percentage 96 mode and THD 50 60Hz mode The THD 50 60Hz mode is available for Model 509THD Only V Volts mV Millivolts 1 x 10 Volts A Amperes Amps Milliamperes 1 x 10 79 Amps pA Microamperes 1 x 105 Amps Q Ohms KO Kilohm 1 x 109 Ohms Megohm 1 x 109 Ohms Hz Hertz 1 cycle sec KHz _ Kilohertz 1 x 10 cycles sec 15 BOTTOM CASE ty e RS 232C TERMINAL The standard D9 male connector of the RS 232C serial cable RS50 is plugged into this terminal when interfacing to a PC The RS 232C serial cable is optional Auto Power Off Mode If this Meter is on and inactive for approximately 30 minutes 1 hour in the Recording mode this Meter will automatically switch to Auto Power off Mode To resume operation turn the rotary switch back to the OFF position and then turn Meter on again To disable the Auto Power Off Mode turn the rotary switch from OFF to any function ON position while holding down the HOLD button Using Test Leads Use only the same type of test leads as are supplied with the Meter These test leads are rated for 1200 volts Although these test leads are rated for 1200 volts do not try to measure any voltage greater than 1000 volts DC or 750 volts AC NOTE In some DC and AC voltage ranges with the test leads not connected to any circuit the display may show fluciuating readings due to the high
19. a displayed in DATA VIEW EMPTY DATA is displayed if there are no data PRINTER IS NOT READY is displayed when the computer is not connected to a printer Then immediately press ESC to exit DATA PRINT Otherwise the picture on the screen may be damaged GRAPH DISPLAY Select Graph Scale to draw the graph with the data and the press ESC to autosave the graph on SCREEN If GRAPH DISPLAY will be selected after having entered in the other measurement mode the previous SCREEN PCX will be overwritten EMPTY DATA is displayed if there are no data CONFIGURATION COMMUNICATION PORT Select 1 or 2 PRINT PORT Select 1 or 2 SAMPLING TIME Select any rate more than 1 sec EXIT SAVE2 lt ENTER gt EXIT of the FILE MENU enables the program to rerun 40 FILE SPECIFICATION EXTENTION MINUTE HOUR 4 pA MICRO AMPERES MODE MA MILLI AMPERES MODE DATE 10 AMPERES MODE MONTH 1 MILLI VOLTS MODE VOLTS MODE OHM OHM MODE BEEP MODE DIO DIODE MODE TEC C MODE TEF F MODE CAPACITANCE MODE FRE FREQUENCY MODE BEEN E 60000 00 0008 FILE NAME 5 3 Designing Your Own Software You need the following information if you are designing your own software for the RS 232C interface 5 3 1 Communication Parameters Transmission rate 4800 Baud Data Bit 8 Stop Bit 1 Parity
20. computer s 25 pin serial port Plug the D9 male connector into the RS 232C terminal on the back of the Meter The RS 232C driver is powered by 12V supplied from the interfaced computer through DTR and RTS pins of the D25 female connector 36 The RS 232C connector s pin configuration is as follows lt DMM gt lt Computer gt 2 3 27D 4 2007 5 7GND 7 4 RTS MICOM SIDE COMPUTER SIDE 13 we 25 DTR as TXD a 9 Lor i Gia ate o RXD amc i RT RXD 1 9 S fl o 14 RXD js DO 25PIN GND 9PIN Turn on the Meter and Press the RS 232C REL button for 2 seconds to activate the RS 232C communication The symbol RS 232C will appear on the LCD Load the DOS software diskette which is optionally supplied for the Meter on the computer This software requires a VGA or upper class monitor Copy the files from the software diskette to the computer s hard disc to make a back up copy Run the execution file loaded from the DOS software diskette by typing the name of the execution file at the DOS prompt 37 6 Press the enter key and you will see the first screen showing our company s name Press the enter key again you will see the second screen showing features of this Meter Press the enter key again and you will see the measurement screen with the menu 7 Now you can have access to various fun
21. ctions of the Meter using the menu and your computer can log various necessary data and control various to buttons of the Meter NOTE For the operation method in details refer to the README TXT file in the DOS software diskette 38 Don t Forget MOUSE usage LEFT KEY SHORT KEY short press on the DMM button RIGHT KEY LONG KEY long press on the DMM button LEFT KEY RIGHT KEY SET EXIT HOLD SET EXIT BACK LIGHT SET amp SCROLL THRU MAX MIN AVG in the EDIT model EXIT SET EXIT MAX MIN AVG gt in the EDIT model SET EXIT RS 232C Interface RANGE HI LO SET MANUAL RANGE TOGGLE HI LO in the EDIT COMPARE mode SET AUTO RANGE COMPARE SET EXIT 7 in the EDIT mode SET EXIT 4 in the EDIT mode SET EXIT TOGGLE DC AC TOGGLE C SET EXIT THD 50 60 Hz ONE BEEP sounds when an available function is selected TWO BEEPS sound when a unavailable function is selected 39 FILE MENU usage MEASUREMENT Displays STOP MEASUREMENT on the pull down menu pressing ESC enables the Meter to start to measure when the pull down menu disappears STOP MEASUREMENT Enables the Meter to stop measurements and the initial picture appears again when the pull down menu will be disappeared by pressing ESC DATA VIEW Shows the measured date EMPTY DATA is displayed if there are no data DATA PRINT Prints the dat
22. e enables the user measure THD Total Harmonic Distortion in percentage from the 50Hz or 60Hz power line See 4 5 THD 50 60Hz When this Meter enter into the THD 50 60Hz mode the digital reading that is the TRUE RMS value of voltage and amperes being measured disappears and the symbol and decimal points are displayed on the LCD After about 2 seconds from this moment the THD value in percentage will be displayed To exit the THD 50 60Hz mode press and hold down the DC AC button for 2 seconds again The symbol disappears This feature is typically found in much more expensive power analyzing meters OFF Power to the Meter is turned off ROTARY SWITCH Describes functions that are selected by setting the rotary switch HA dc ac mA Milliamperes dc ac 10A Amperes dc ac mV Millivolts dc only V Volts dc ac Q Resistance 11 e 12 Pr Diode test Continuity test Hz Frequency Autoranging only CAP Capacitance Autoranging only TEMP Temperature SAFETY SHUTTER Prevents user from making inadvertent connections to the current terminals Caution ALWAYS REMOVE INPUTS BEFORE TURNING THE ROTARY SWITCH 10A MAX FUSED The maximum current that you can measure at this terminal is 10Amps DC AC This terminal is fuse protected A Refer to the user s manual before using this Meter A Ampered Input Terminal The red test lead is plugged into this termina
23. input impedance This is normal When you connect the test leads to a circuit a real measurement appears 16 Using Holster and Stand The Meter comes with a protective holster that absorbs shocks and protects the Meter from rough handling The holster is equipped with a stand rest 4 BASIC ELECTRICAL TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS 4 1 Measuring Voltage A WARNINGS TO AVOID THE RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK AND INSTRUMENT DAMAGE INPUT VOLTAGES MUST NOT EXCEED 1000V DC OR 750V AC RMS DO NOT ATTEMPT TO TAKE ANY UNKNOWN VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT THAT MAY BE IN EXCESS OF 1000V DC OR 750V AC RMS THIS METER IS DESIGNED FOR MEASUREMENT IN WEAK CURRENT CIRCUITS DO NOT USE IT FOR STRONG CURRENT CIRCUITS POWER LINE IN FACTORIES AND SO ON HAVING LARGE CURRENT CAPACITY USE IN STRONG CURRENT CIRCUITS IS VERY DANGEROUS BECAUSE SURGE VOLTAGE IN FAR EXCESS OF RATING IS OFTEN APPLIED TO THEM NOTE When taking voltage measurements this Meter must be connected in PARALLEL with the circuit or circuit element under test 17 18 PARALLEL CONNECTION In 400mV range displayed value may fluctuate when disconnecting input terminals This is normal AC voltage measuring circuit in this Meter is of root meansquare True RMS value system so this Meter can accurately measure AC voltage of non sinusoidal wave forms including harmonics caused by various non linear loads For an AC voltages or current Meter CREST FACTOR expresses its abilit
24. ions and actions that pose hazard s to the user the word CAUTION is used for conditions and actions that may damage this Meter International Symbols Dangerous Voltage Risk of electric shock Not Applicable to Identified Model Alternating Current AC Direct Current DC Either DC or AC Diode Capacitor Ground Allowable applied voltage range between the input terminal and earth Caution Refer to the user s manual before using this Meter Double Insulation Protection Class Il OP eta 2 oF Fuse FA WARNING OBSERVE ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN MEASURING HIGHER VOLTAGES AND OR CURRENTS TURN OFF POWER TO THE CIRCUIT UNDER TEST SET THIS METER TO THE DESIRED FUNCTION AND RANGE CONNECT THE TEST LEADS TO THIS METER AND THEN TO THE CIRCUIT UNDER TEST REAPPLY POWER IF AN ERRONEOUS READING IS OBSERVED DISCONNECT POWER IMMEDIATELY AND RECHECK ALL SETTINGS AND CONNECTIONS Safety Tips Do not try to measure any voltage that exceeds 1000V DC or 750V AC RMS Voltages above 60V DC or 25V AC RMS may create a serious shock hazard Do not attempt to use this Meter if either the Meter or the test leads have been damaged Turn off power to the circuit under test before cutting desoldering or breaking the circuit Small amounts of current can be dangerous Disconnect the live test lead before disconnecting the common test lead When using the test leads keep your fingers away from probe contac
25. ircuit to be tested 5 Reapply power to the circuit the measured current will appear on the display of the instrument 6 Disconnect power to the circuit before removing the test leads from the circuit wo 4 5 THD 50 60 Hz Mode 509THD Only Today more and more electrical appliances are using high efficiency power supplies and adjustable speed motors to conserve energy These appliances conserve power by drawing current in short pulses using a solid state switch This trend although saving energy creates severe problems in power distribution 28 These solid state switches create non linear loads on the power distribution systems which generate harmonics These harmonics are odd multiples of the fundamental power line frequency and may cause overheating in transformers erratic computer operation and premature tripping of circuit breakers One of the most useful measurements of harmonics is Total Harmonic Distortion THD This measurement requires special and expensive instrumentation to indicate the sum of all the harmonic frequencies present in the signal This Meter is designed to indicate the total rms values of the 3rd harmonic to the infinite order harmonic as a percentage of the total rms value including the rms value of the fundamental frequency in the 50Hz 60Hz power lines In general there are two ways to express the THD value THD F Total Harmonic Distortion as a percent of the fundamental frequency THD
26. is at the very left the number will stay at the same position even if you press the arrow button 9 Relative Readings in the Relative mode A Right shift button when the Meter is in the Editing mode In the Relative mode this Meter displays the difference between the stored reference value and the measured reading value Press the REL button to enter the Relative mode The REL symbol will come on the LCD and the bar graph pointer will be at the center of the scale Press the EDIT button to program the reference value Using the arrow 7 1 and buttons enter the value you want the readings displayed in relation to Once the value is entered press the EDIT button to exit the Editing mode To recall the stored value press the HI LO RANGE button 10 All measurements will be displayed as the difference between the stored value and the measured value Negative readings are lower than the stored value Positive readings are higher than the stored value Pushing the REL button again exits the mode Press the arrow gt button to shift the blinking number position to the left by 1 decimal point when the Meter is in the Editing mode When the blinking number is at the very right the number will stay at the same position even if you press the arrow gt button 96 Readings in the Percentage mode Decrement button when the Meter is in the Editing mode In the Percentage mode this Meter di
27. l for measuring current on the 4A or 10A AC or DC ampere functions mA pA Milliamp Microamp Input Terminal The red test lead is plugged into this terminal for measuring mA or pA on either AC or DC ampere functions MAX AC 750V DC 1000V The maximum voltage that this Meter can measure is 1000V DC or 750V AC RMS A Be extremely careful when making high voltage measurements DO NOT TOUCH TERMINALS OR TEST LEAD PROBE ENDS VQHz CAP TEMP Volts Ohms Diode Test Frequency Capacitance and Temperature Input Terminal The red test lead is plugged into this terminal for all AC V DC V Ohms continuity test diode test frequency and capacitance functions When measuring temperature a thermocouple adapter is plugged into both this terminal and the COM input terminal 9 MAX 600V To avoid electrical shock or instrument damage do not connect the COM input terminal to any source of more than 600V with respect to earth ground COM Common Terminal The black test lead is plugged into this terminal for all measurements When measuring temperature a thermocouple adapter is plugged into this terminal 9909099999 DL EUIS AXE RA A BAD EEG SB BB B Lada d uia AC Displayed when AC measurement function is selected 9 Negative Polarity Automatically indicate negative inputs 13 14 AT Displayed when the Auto Range mode is selected 0 F L Overload Indication Displa
28. nect power to the circuit before removing the test leads from the circuit 19 4 1 2 Measuring AC Volts Follow these steps to measure AC volts 1 Set function and range switch to the desired AC V range If you do not know the value of the voltage to be measured always start with the highest range and reduce the setting as required to obtain a satisfactory reading 2 Plug the red test lead into the VOHz Cap input terminal and the black lead into the COM input terminal of the instrument Disconnect the power from the circuit to be tested Connect the test leads to the circuit to be tested 5 Reapply power to the circuit the measured voltage will appear on the display of the instrument 6 Disconnect power to the circuit before removing the test leads from the circuit Three Phase AC Volts This Meter is designed to primarily measure household AC voltage When measuring THREE PHASE circuits line to line the value of the voltage is actually higher than the rated line to ground 3 phase voltage It is very important that you do not exceed the maximum AC RMS rating of this Meter 750V AC To find the RMS voltage line to line on a 3 phase power line multiply the rated line to ground voltage by the square root of 3 approx 1 732 For example if you connect this Meter to a 480 volts 3 phase line i e 480V line to ground the total available voltage line to line is about 832V AC 480V x 1 732 Severe
29. ode works as an Increment button when the Meter is in the Editing mode Press the CMP button to compare a reading with the stored HI high reference value and the stored LO low reference value The symbol turns on A symbol Hi will be displayed on the LCD if the compared reading is higher than the Hl high reference value and a symbol LO will be displayed on the LCD if the compared reading is lower than the LO low reference value If the compared reading is between the Hl high reference and the LO low reference a symbol PASS will be displayed on the LCD Press the arrow 7 button to increase the blinking number displayed on the LCD by 1 digit when the Meter is in the Editing mode Programming the Reference value Press the EDIT button to program a new reference value by using the arrow 7 4 gt and buttons when this Meter is in the Compare Relative or Percentage mode You don t need an external reference source in these modes When you press the EDIT button the 0 at the right side of the LCD will begin to blink and the arrow at the right of the bar graph will come on This indicates that the value you will put in is the HI high reference value Using the arrow t 2 gt and buttons enter the Hl high reference value that you want your readings to be compared to Use the HOLD button to select sign Once the HI high reference value is entered stored press
30. rface you are measuring For this purpose a thermal conducting compound such as silicone grease can be used between the thermocouple and the surface you are measuring When measuring above ambient temperatures adjust the connection between the thermocouple and the surface until you get the highest temperature reading When measuring below ambient temperatures adjust the connection between the thermocouple and the surface until you get the lowest temperature reading When measuring near ambient temperatures take the reading when the display is most stable 35 Follow these steps to measure temperature 1 Set the rotary switch to the TEMP position 2 Plug the thermocouple adapter into the COM input terminal and the TEMP input terminal observing the proper polarity 3 Plug a K type thermocouple probe connector into the thermocouple adapter observing the proper polarity 4 Read the temperature on the LCD 5 RS 232C INTERFACE 5 1 Introduction RS 232C is an EIA defined standard for a serial communications interface commonly used between computers terminals and modems This Meter is capable of RS 232C interface with a DOS computer by using its bi directional RS 232C serial interface cable and its DOS software supplied as optional accessories along with this Meter 5 2 Interfacing the Meter with a Personal Computer Follow these steps to interface the Meter with a DOS computer 1 Connect the RS 232C cable to the
31. splays the difference in percentage between the stored reference value and the measured value Press the 96 button The symbol will come on the LCD and the bar graph pointer will be at the zero on the scale To recall the stored reference value press the HI LO RANGE button Press the EDIT button Using the arrow buttons enter the value you want the readings displayed as a percentage of Once the value is entered press the EDIT button to exit the mode All measurements will be displayed as the difference in percentage between the stored reference value and the measured value Negative readings are lower than the stored value Positive readings are higher than the stored value Pushing the button again exits the mode Press the arrow 4 button to decrease the blinking number displayed on the LCD by 1 digit when the Meter is in the Editing mode Toggles between DC and AC Toggles between F in the Temperature mode Press the DC AC button to toggle between DC and AC when measuring volts except mV or amperes When the displayed and when the Fahrenheit scale is selected the F symbol is displayed on the LCD t 5078 gt Total Harmonic Distortion measurement of the Line Voltage or Current at 50 60 Hz Model 509THD Only When measuring AC voltage or amperes in the 50Hz or 60Hz power line press and hold down the DC AC button for 2 seconds to select the THD 50 60Hz mode This mod
32. st NEVER CONNECT THE TEST LEADS ACROSS A VOLTAGE SOURCE while the rotary switch is set to Amps This can cause damage to the circuit under test or this Meter G5HHEZTRIN To measure current you must break the circuit and connect the test leads to two circuit connection points The connection must be in series with the current 27 AC current measuring circuit in this Meter is of root meansquare True RMS value system so this Meter can accurately measure AC current of non sinusoidal wave forms including harmonics caused by various non linear loads The AC crest factor of this Meter is 3 for the frequency range of 45Hz to 1KHz When measuring current the Meter s internal shunt resistors develop a voltage across the Meter s terminals called burden voltage This voltage drop affect precision circuits or measurements Follow these steps to measure DC or AC Amps 1 Set function and range switch to the desired DC A or AC A range If you do not know the value of the current to be measured always start with the highest range and reduce the setting as required to obtain a satisfactory reading 2 Plug the red test lead into the mApA input terminal if the 4A or 10A ranges are being used plug the red test lead into the A input terminal and the black test lead into the COM input terminal of the instrument Disconnect the power from the circuit to be tested Connect the test leads in series to the c
33. the HI LO button to enter the LO low reference value into the meter When you press the HI LO button the arrow at the left of the bar graph will come on This indicates that the value you will put in is the LOW low reference value Using the 1 4 and buttons and the HOLD button enter the LO low reference value that you want your readings to be compared to Press the EDIT button to exit this mode Selects the Manual Range mode in the Non Editing mode Enables the Meter to store the high reference value or the LO low reference value in the Compare mode 7 Press the RANGE button to select the Manual Range mode and turn off the AT symbol The meter remains in the range it was when manual ranging was selected Each time you press the RANGE button in the Manual Range mode the range increases and a new value is displayed If you are already in the highest range the meter wraps around to the lowest range To exit the Manual Range mode and return to autoranging press and hold down the RANGE button for 2 seconds The AT symbol turns back on When the range is changed manually the Recording Percentage 96 Compare Relative and Hold modes are disabled Press the HI LO button to enable the Meter to edit and store the HI high reference value or the LO low reference value by toggling between the 2 reference values when the Meter is in the Compare mode Press the HI LO RANGE bu
34. ts Always grip behind the finger guards on the probes Use a current clamp if measuring any current above 10 Amps 3 EXPLANATION OF CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 59 7 NAT NN ERG woe CF e Gee 000 o 6 99 DIGITAL DISPLAY Digital readings are displayed on a 4000 count display with polarity indication and automatic decimal point placement When this Meter is turned on all display segments and symbols appear briefly during a selftest The display updates four times per second ANALOG BAR GRAPH The bar graph provides an analog representation of readings and updates 20 times per second The 41 segment bar graph illuminates from left to right as the input increases If the input equals or exceeds 4000 counts on the range selected the bar graph displays an arrow at the far right of the display in case of positive input an arrow at the far left in case of negative input Display Back Light Press the HOLD button for 2 seconds to turn on the back light Back light turns off automatically after 60 seconds to extend battery life To turn off the back light even before 60 seconds press The HOLD button for 2 seconds again 9 Automatically captures a stable reading beeps to acknowledge and holds it on the LCD But simply freezes a reading when the Meter is in the Recording Compare Relative or Percentage mode Enables GO NO GO test when the Meter is in the compare m
35. tton to recall the stored reference value in the Compare Relative or Percentage mode Maximum Minimum and Average Recording A Left Shift button when the Meter is in the Editing mode Press the REC button to enter the Recording mode The symbol turns on This function allows you to record Maximum Minimum and Average values for a series of measurements on the same function and range This Meter will beep every time a new maximum or minimum value is recorded Press the REC button to scroll through the stored MAX MIN and AVG values When an overload is captured a beeper tone emits and the Meter displays OFL overload This Meter can only record for 24 hours in this mode When this Meter entered the Recordings mode Auto Power Off is disabled and this Meter will automatically switch to Standby Mode after around 1 hour to save battery life unless you disabled the Standby Mode To disable the Standby Mode turn the rotary switch from OFF to any function ON position while holding down the HOLD button If you press any ineffective button to the Recording mode the Meter will sound 2 consecutive beeps to let you know that the button function does not work in the Recording mode To exit this mode and erase recorded readings hold the REC button down for 2 seconds Press the arrow button to shift the blinking number position to the left by 1 decimal point when the Meter is in the Editing mode When the blinking number
36. y to respond to non sinusoidal waveforms CREST FACTOR is defined as the ratio of the peak voltage of an AC waveform to its RMS value The AC crest factor of this Meter is 3 for the frequency range of 45Hz to 1KHz To improve the accuracy of DC voltage measurements taken in the presence of AC voltages such as measuring the DC voltage of an amplifier in the presence of an AC signal measure the AC voltage first Note the just measured AC voltage range and select a DC voltage range that is the same or higher than the AC voltage range This method improves the DC voltage accuracy by preventing the input protection circuits from being activated 4 1 1 Measuring DC Volts Follow these steps to measure DC volts 1 wo Set function and range switch to the desired DC V range If you do not know the value of the voltage to be measured always start with the highest range and reduce the setting as required to obtain a satisfactory reading Plug the red test lead into the VQHz CAP input terminal and the black lead into the COM input terminal of the instrument Disconnect the power from the circuit to be tested Connect the test leads to the circuit to be tested Reapply power to the circuit the measured voltage will appear on the display of the instrument If the red test lead is connected to the negative or lower voltage side of the circuit a minus sign will appear on the display at the left Discon
37. yed on the LCD 23 4 3 Continuity Test Diode Test and Microwave Diodes 4 3 1 Continuity Test This mode helps you check electrical circuits such as wiring speaker cables connections switchers or relays for short or open circuits In continuity test a measured value of approx 1000 or less causes the Meter to emit a continuous tone Follow these steps to check continuity 1 Set the Function switch to the position 2 Insert the black test lead into the input terminal and the red test lead into the VOHz CAP input terminal Connect the test leads to the circuit to be measured 4 This Meter will emit a continuous tone for resistance of less than 100 ohms 29 4 3 2 Diode Test Diode test lets you check diodes transistors and other semiconductors for opens shorts and normal operation NEVER CONNECT THE TEST LEADS TO A SOURCE OF VOLTAGE when the rotary switch is set to 24 PARALLEL CONNECTION In diode test drop voltage in the forward direction is displayed when diode is connected in the forward direction For a germanium diode the typical forward voltage is about 0 4V and in case of a silicon diode about 0 6V Judge the semiconductor device as follows If the digital reading in one direction shows a value and the reading in reverse direction shows an overload 0 F L the device is good If the digital reading is the same in both directions the device is probably shorted
38. yed on the LCD when input value is too large to display Low Battery Battery life warning When first turned on at least 8 hours of battery life remain Replace the battery immediately Never leave a weak or dead battery in the Meter Even leak proof types can leak and damage the Meter Displayed when the Meter is in the continuity test function 2 Displayed when the REC button has been pressed MAX Maximum Value in the Recording mode The value displayed is the maximum reading taken since the Recording mode was entered MIN Minimum Value in the Recording mode The value displayed is the minimum reading taken since the Recording mode was entered AVG Average Value in the Recording mode The value displayed is the true average of all readings taken since the Recording mode was entered REL Relative mode The value displayed is the difference between the present measurement and the previously stored reading P Diode test The value displayed is the forward voltage of semiconductor junction s HOLD Displayed when the Hold mode is selected 19 Compare mode Displayed when the Compare mode is selected This mode allows you to do the GO NO GO test see amp C Centigrade degree The value displayed is the temperature in Centigrade scale F Fahrenheit degree The value displayed is the temperature in Fahrenheit scale The following symbols indicate the unit of the value displayed uF
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