VIC-20 Final Expansion User Manual
Contents
1. Letters after the selects files with filenames starting with this letters O anaa The at sign sends a command directly to the floppy drive eg S N I Without an argument the floppy status is read and displayed imaa With this shortcut the actual device number is set or displayed Allowed device numbers are 8 to 15 Standard value is 8 Sora Shortcut for LOAD It loads a file with SA 0 this is for BASIC programs e Shortcut for LOAD It loads a file with SA 1 this is for programs at start address in the file If a start address is entered after the second quote sign a cartridge file will be loaded SA 2 Cartridge files doesn t have a start address in the file 28 The lt left arrow gt is a shortcut for SAVE Optionally a start and end address can be entered If the file already exists on the disk the wedge ask what to do replace or update On update always two versions of the file are saved The older version of the file has a filename prefix the character is used to mark the older file version Shortcut for the VERIFY command The file will be compared with the memory if same a OK is displayed otherwise a VERIFY ERROR appears Other commands These commands are available only in direct mode not in RUN mode within a BASIC code The commands can be entered in short form like all other commands by entering the last letter shifted The comma is a command for number conversion mini calculat2. 1 3 BLKD 0 1 2 3 BLKP 0 1 2 3 5 NOIO Loaded games or programs must be started the commands RESET RUN and SYS are available to do this One of the three commands is used depending on the requirements of the program 39 After the Disk Command to change the directory or the disk image the command RELOAD must be used In the new directory or the new D64 Image has to be another LOADER file that must be loaded by the Disk Loader Without the RELOAD command the Disk Loader works with the wrong file and thus the wrong LOADER instructions The statements cannot be executed because for example the file to load is no longer accessible in the directory Example 1 of a LOADER file 10 HW Demo unexpanded 20 hello world b 30 bik 0 1 2 3 5 40 run 50 60 HW Demo 3K 70 hello world b 80 bik 1 2 3 5 90 run 100 110 HW Demo 8K 120 hello world b 130 blk 0 2 3 5 140 run 150 160 HW Demo 16K 40 170 hello world b 180 blk 0 3 5 190 run 200 210 HW Demo 24K 8 3 220 hello world b 230 no blk command 240 run 250 41 FE3 technology and programming The Final Expansion contains 512KB SRAM and 512KB Flash memory In order to access the expanded memory one has to enable it sequentially This is due to the constraints of the address range of the 6502 processor which can only see 64KB at a time On the VIC 20 the free address space is constrained to 4 x 8KB 3KB See memory ma
3. Return gt key the game program will be started 20 Lipo A Dwr ae Ese iaie E e F Ses Se Se aS Lime If more than 17 menu entries available you can switch between pages using the lt F1 gt and lt F3 gt keys The keys lt F5 gt and lt F7 gt set the selection bar to first and last entry of the page This is for fast navigation in the cart loader menu Add entries to Cart Loader The cart loader menu can be configured by adding games and programs to the flash The size of flash memory is 512KB it can be used 480KB for the cart loader The remaining memory of 32K is reserved for the firmware 21 To add programs to the cart loader menu the program must be already configured in the disk loader If this program works fine in disk loader it will work also fine in the cart loader But only if this program doesn t access files The reason is cart loader doesn t change into any disk image or sub directory You can add programs to the cart loader menu from FES Utilities menu this menu is available from main menu The utility menu has a menu point F1 Flash Program Delete Cart Loader entries 22 The 512KB big flash memory of the FE3 is writable byte for byte But deleting is only possible in big blocks This is why flash memory can only deleted completely single entries cannot deleted The cart loader menu is deleted by firmware update FE3 Utilities The menu Utilities is for writing the flash memory of the FE3 Y
4. t winkler net zip Article Final Expansion f r VC20 in the CeVi aktuell Ausgabe 06 2009 http www c64 wiki de index php CeVi aktuell CeVi Aktuell 06 2F2009 LOADER files english http vc20final t winkler net docu loader e him LOADER files german http vc20final t winkler net docu loader html technology and programming english http vc20final t winkler net docu internals e html technology and programming german http vc20final t winkler net docu internals html VC 20 Final Expansion c64 wiki de http www c64 wiki de index php VC 20 Final Expansion Final Expansion Rev 9 assembly instructions http vc20final t winkler net docu aufbau vc20fe3r9 aufbau htm Final Expansion Rev 9 assembly instructions Forum 64 thread http www forum64 de wbb3 board65 neue hardware board284 massenspeicher board283 vc 20 final expansion 30960 vc20 final expansion aufbau rev 9 Final Expansion Rev 10 assembly instructions http www sinchai de index php main page page amp id 10 amp zenid 402afa75cdfb1eaa Ocd5ff0fc57b72af Final Expansion denial wiki http sleepingelephant com denial wiki index php title Fe3 Assembling The Final Expansion 3 is buyable as a kit http www sinchai de index php main_page product_info amp cPath 1 amp products id 77 All parts must be soldered on the PCB Look at the Assembly instructions http www sinchai de index php main page page amp id 10 Firmware installation After assembling the Final Expan
5. the register using AND and OR logic and then poke the resulting number to the Register Register 1 MMMIIIII M Mode of Use Additional Information Register 2 39939 9C03 44 With register 2 the RESOURCES of Final Expansion can be enabled or disabled The Register is located at 39939 9c03 Values are written to the register With POKE 39939 Y Values are read from the Register with PEEK 39939 The VIC 20 has 5 free address ranges memory blocks The Final expansion can make these 5 blocks available independently This means the Final Expansion memory can be made available in one or more blocks to the VIC 20 Banking The lower 5 bits Bit 0 1 2 3 and 4 of Register 2 control the visibility of the 5 memory blocks in the VIC 20 A 0 switches the relevant block on and a 1 switches it off The configuration of individual blocks is needed to enable compatibility with other expansion modules The highest bit Bit 7 of Register 2 controls the visibility of the Registers themselves A 0 makes the Registers visible a 1 hides the Registers Deactivates the Registers ATTENTION if the Registers are deactivated then it is no longer possible for the software to alter the memory configuration Only after a Reset will the Register become visible again Disabling these Registers is used to prevent new software from altering the configuration of the Final Expansion without intention With this facility the compatibility of the Final Exp
6. 20 will start without main menu directly into the BASIC v2 The FE3 wedge is active but without memory expansion 11 Command set extension FE3 wedge The FE3 wedge extends the command set of the VIC 20 These additional commands make it easier to use the VIC and storage devices ulEC and floppy disk Aside from this FE3 wedge speed up the data transfer to Jiffy compatible storage devices like a uIEC SD2IEC Reset Keys The FE3 has two integrated reset keys e Blue button former red Big reset concerns CPLD and VIC 20 e Red button former yellow Small reset concerns VIC 20 only Why two keys Pressing the blue button the configured memory configuration is lost So FE3 menu always appears with the blue key it is like after powering up Sometimes however we want to keep the memory configuration and want only to reset the VIC 20 This applies to nearly all VIC game and tool cartridges For emulating cartridges it makes sense to can seta reset without losing the cartridge So with the red button the FE3 can act as a real cartridge inserted in your VIC The jumper JP7 controls the reset of the uIEC SD2IEC controller If JP7 is set SD2IEC makes a reset same time with VIC 20 As default JP7 is open so IEC doesn t get a reset Normally a uIEC never crashes so a reset is not necessary After a reset the IEC loses the current sub directory and current image file it return to the root directory of the SD card 12 FE3 RAM Mana
7. 3 wedge is copied into the low memory 3K expansion area at block 0 This version of the wedge has a limited command set cause limited space in block 0 33 LOADER files The purpose of the Loader files The loader file is needed by FE3 Disk Loader which is always looking for the file LOADER in the current directory Disk Loader interprets these script files saved in the form of VIC Basic prg files but not actually executable Basic Programs Using these scripts you can select and easily start any games and or programs with no programming skills once you have set them up or downloaded them Once the FE3 Disk Loader can load a program it can also be added to the FE3 Flash Rom The Cart Utilities F6 Flash Program F3 makes use of the Loader scripts to package the files and commands into an executable block of code before flashing to the rom Structure of the file LOADER The LOADER file consists of one or several sections Each section is presented as a menu item in Disk loader A section consists of e aname each section begins with a name in the menu displayed in Disk loader e one or more instructions e comment lines may be added optionally e names begin and end with a quotation mark e Instruction lines always begin with a plus sign e comment lines begin with a colon 34 The section name will begin and end simply with a quotation mark The name can be up to 20 characters and may include any special c
8. 53
9. 6 Because the Final Expansion in START MODE only uses block 5 one can simply deactivate the FE by disconnecting the BLK5 circuit path e g with a switch N B This would require a modification to the Final Expansion or the VIC 20 expansion port The registers are deactivated in START MODE the Lockbit serves as a control for this The lockbit functions only in START MODE in order to avoid incompatibility with other modules that may use the same addresses as Final Expansion for registers The lockbit can be cleared via a POKE to Block 5 A PEEK resets the lockbit again This way programs in Block 5 cannot write to an FE register as long as the FE is in START MODE In START MODE only block 5 is controlled Read operations are from the Flash at address 6000 Flash Block 3 highest block of the first 32k bank Bank 0 Write operations always go to SRAM This way the whole firmware can be simply copied to SRAM Write operations to Block 5 go to SRAM address E000 SRAM Block 7 highest block of the second 32k bank Bank 1 If the SRAM 1 mode is switched to the SRAM Block 7 lies exactly in Block 5 of the VIC 20 SUPER ROM MODE 010zzzzz With Poke 39938 64 the flash memory of the Final Expansion is enabled Read operations come from the ROM Flash i e from the selected Bank 47 Write operations go to the RAM in Bank 1 The Block 0 of the VIC 20 3k expansion is enabled The 512KB of the Flash are divided into 16 page
10. AM and therefore the maximum expansion with memory is achieved The additional information in Register 1 zzzzz controls the selection of the VIC 20 Blocks Bit 4 controls BLK 5 Bit 3 Controls BLK 3 Bit 2 Controls BLK 2 Bit 1 Controls BLK 1 and Bit 0 Controls BLK 0 If the Bit is set to 0 then the RAM Block 0 can only be read not written The Bits of the Blocks 1 to 5 control the access mode If the Bit is not set 0 then access is to the RAM Bank 1 If the Bit is set 1 then read access is to the Bank 0 of the ROM Flash and write access is to the RAM Bank 1 In this way there is access to a mix of RAM and ROM In ROM mode the RAM in Bank 2 can be written to This way one can simply copy ROM code into the RAM Bank Why do we need this The firmware can activate the ROM Block where the code has just been added Simultaneously one can access the remaining RAM Flash Write Mode 001zzzzz With Poke 39938 32 the FLash Mode of the Final Expansion is activated Read access comes from the enabled Bank 52 Write access goes to the ROM Flash in the selected Bank The Block 0 of the VIC 20 3k Expansion is enabled In this mode it is possible to examine and erase the Flash memory In order to do this the special command sequence must be followed as prepared by the manufacturer of the Flash memory See AM29F 040 Data Sheet The Banking follows the same method as Super ROM mode The FE Firmware Flasher fe3flash uses this method
11. Final Expansion 3 for the VIC 20 512 kB RAM 512 kB Flash VI62003 FINAL EXPANSION www forum 64 de 512 KB SRAM 512 KB Flash SD2IEC Real Time Clock Reset button VIC 20 red Reset button FE3 blue Contents Features nen 3 eet EE 3 OMAN core ee 4 Third party software E 5 Reproduction een 6 WEBLINKS Nana ea 6 Assembling ses 8 Firmware installation ect 8 Menu system handling Ak 10 Command set extension FE3 wedge 12 Reset KOVS ns ei 12 FES RAM Manager 13 FES Disk Leeder eege ee dE 17 PEs Cart E le EE 20 FES HE itt et ade EE 23 FES Wede EE 27 LOADER IGS 2 2 een 34 FE3 technology and programming 42 Final Expansion Modes of use 46 Features The VIC 20 Final Expansion is a universal memory expansion for the Commodore VIC 20 home computer The FE3 is a cartridge for the expansion slot of the VIC 20 The current version v3 2 has following features 512 KB memory expansion of main memory 512 KB Flash memory SD card as a mass storage device RTC real time clock and a connector for an LCD display The Final Expansion can start any known VIC 20 software Games and programs will be started by a comfortable menu The FE gives any expected environment for any software and configures memory requirements automatically on startup Hardware In addition to the SRAM 628512 and flash memory AM29F040 chips the PCB contains an Atmel CPLD ATF 1504 and an Atmel cont
12. If the option is set X the software register of the FES are visible If the option is reset the software register of the FE3 are disabled and a reconfiguration is not possible 14 FE3 wedge The lt W gt key toggles the wedge option If the option is set X the command extension FE3 wedge is active If the option is reset the standard BASIC v2 will be started and the additional commands are not available The memory models 24K F4 and 24 3K F5 have the same start message and same amount of free memory is reported by the BASIC interpreter The model 24 3 enables the 3K memory expansion in block 0 The BASIC interpreter of the VIC 20 cannot use the 3K expansion if a 8K expansion is active You can use the 3K expansion for assembler programs or data blocks The memory model All RAM F7 uses all blocks for RAM expansion including block 5 The BASIC interpreter only can use 24K of memory expansion the 3K RAM in block 0 and the 8K RAM in block 5 are free for own code or data The memory model Off F6 disables all memory expansions the VIC 20 starts unexpanded as without FE3 inserted All programs and games which are designed to run on a unexpanded VIC will run fine in this mode Cause no memory is available for FE3 wedge the wedge is disabled even the option is on and your VIC starts with standard BASIC FE3 Wedge in LoMem The memory model All RAM F7 fills all blocks with RAM maximal expansion Thi
13. adecimal RUN Starts a BASIC program RELOAD Restart command to the File Loader runs the Loader script in the current directory The Load Statement loads a file from the SD card or from a floppy Several load instructions can be sequenced if for example games with several parts exist In the simplest case the statement can consist of only one file name The file name consists of up to 16 characters and is enclosed in quotation marks An optional type can be specified and appended to the load command File types are B BASIC P PROGRAM and C cartridge These correspond to the secondary address 0 1 2 of the modified LOAD command in FE3 Wedge The file type BASIC is automatically always loaded at the address where the BASIC memory starts Secondary address 0 This address may vary depending on memory configuration The file type PROGRAM is always loaded at the address that is contained in the file the first two bytes This corresponds to a LOAD with secondary address 1 The load address can optionally be overridden See optional load address The file type CARTRIDGE is for files without a load address These files are often recognized by the exact file size of 4K 4096 8K 8192 or 16K 16384 This file type requires always an indication of the load address 36 The load statement may also have an optional load address appended For file type C the load address is always required The load address must always be hexadec
14. ansion with any conceivable software is ensured Bit 0 Visibility of the VIC 20 memory block 0 BIkO 0400 0FFF Bit 1 Visibility of the VIC 20 memory block 1 BIk1 2000 3FFF Bit 2 Visibility of the VIC 20 memory block 2 BIk2 4000 5FFF 45 Bit 3 Visibility of the VIC 20 memory block 3 BIk3 6000 7FFF Bit 4 Visibility of the VIC 20 memory block 5 BIk5 A000 BFFF Bit 5 1 invert A13 Bit 6 1 invert A14 Bit 7 Visibility of IO 3 Register 1 und 2 Banking In order to access the full memory of the Final Expansion the memory must be switched on in stages In order to achieve this a number of modes are available for use in order to cover every requirement Final Expansion Modes of use START MODE 000zzzzz After a reset with the red button or after initial power on all the bits in the register are set to zero in this way the FE is always in START MODE after a reset With POKE 39938 0 the START MODE can be activated from software Write operations to the FE memory go to RAM in Bank 1 The 0 Block of the VIC 20 3k expansion is disabled The START MODE of Final Expansion is provided for maximum compatibility with other modules In order to avoid possible incompatibility with other expansion modules The Final Expansion controls only Block 5 Memory range A000 BFFF Block 5 must be active otherwise the firmware of the Final Expansion itself cannot be automatically started 4
15. f SRAM enabled 4 x 8KB at the addresses 2000 Block 1 4000 Block 2 6000 Block 3 and A000 Block 5 The usage of SUPER RAM is similar to a Flash read mode except that RAM instead of EEPROM is used so that access to the full 512KB is possible The additional information in the Register zzzzz selects the 32KB Block of the SRAM In 512KB one has 16 x 32KB Blocks The additional information can take the values 0 to 15 What can you do with an 8 Bit computer like the VIC 20 with half a megabyte of RAM Who knows what innovative uses resourceful developers will find one could for example easily save 3 full disks in there RAM ROM MODE 0112zzzz With Poke 39938 96 the RAM ROM mode of the Final Expansion is enabled Read operations come from the RAM Bank 1 or optionally from the ROM Bank 0 Write operations go always to the RAM either in the Bank 1 RAM Mode or in the Bank 2 ROM Mode The Block 0 of the VIC 20 3K Expansion is switched on The Bit 0 of Register 1 controls the write protection 51 There is up to 35KB of SRAM available to configure 4 x 8KB 3KB at the addresses 0400 BLK 0 2000 BLK 1 4000 BLK 2 6000 BLK 3 and A000 BLK 5 The 3KB expansion VIC 20 BLK 0 comes from Bank 0 The first 32KB in SRAM of the SRAM The four 8KB blocks in the VIC 20 BLK 1 BLK 5 come from Bank 1 The second 32KB in SRAM of the SRAM This way all the addressable space in the VIC 20 is filled with R
16. ger Memory Expansion The VIC 20 has in its standard configuration unexpanded a small main memory Only 5KB are free for programs code and data This is the reason why a number of memory expansion cartridges were available soon Memory was very expensive at this time so first expansion had only 3KB But soon there were other memory expansions available with a size of 8KB and 16KB and even more The VIC 20 changes the start address for BASIC programs video memory and if memory expansions are active Se Raw Ram Pee Start RAM RAM Free none 1001 Seit 9600 3583 am mmm 1eoo 9600 6655 em 1201 1000 mm 19967 zm ao 1000 9400 28159 This movement of start addresses many games and programs won t run if a special configuration is missing So some games only run on an unexpanded VIC 20 Other games only run with 3KB expansion and some other needs an 8KB or 16KB cartridge The Final Expansion 3 can be configured by software to emulate any combination of memory expansion So every known game and program can run on a FE3 13 RAM Manager The RAM manager will be started from the main menu of the FE3 firmware by pressing F1 All usually needed memory models are available by selcting a menu point Pressing the corresponding function key will automatically configure the FE3 and start the VIC into BASIC Each memory model can be configured by two options The key toggles the IO register option
17. haracters If the name is longer than 20 characters Disk loader shows only the first 20 Control characters are ignored The instructions in a section are performed when the user activates the menu item in Disk Loader by pressing the RETURN key or the joystick FIRE button Instruction lines always begin with a plus sign The sequence of instructions will be chosen by Disk Loader as follows Disk loader always executes e first LOAD instructions e then BLK and IO instructions and e last RUN SYS or RESET commands The order in the script is only relevant for commands of the same sub type e g multiple LOAD commands The optional comment lines begin with a colon The comment line can be blank Section divider or contain any text strings A comment line does not end the section Comment lines are optional and can therefore be omitted entirely A section ends with the end of the script file or the beginning of a new section Instructions The following statements are recognized by Disk loader and interpreted e Load statement Loads a file from a floppy disk or SD e Disk Command Sends a command to the SD2IEC or to a floppy 35 e BLK BLKP BLKD Instructions for configuring the FE3 hardware block write protect or disable NOIO Instructions for configuring the hardware FE3 Hide FE3 IO registers RESET Instruction to restart the VIC 20 Soft Reset SYS Starts a machine code program at the given address in hex
18. he menu Change a Disk Image You can organize your games and programs on the SD card in subdirectories image files D64 D71 D81 DNP or M2I files The image files are my most favorite method cause this solution is the nearest to real diskettes and very compatible To change into a subdirectory or an image file you can use the disk command CD To leave a subdirectory or an image file you can use CD lt This disk command and any other disk command can be behind a menu entry of the disk loader The first menu entry on the screenshot above shows lt DIR gt this entry bring you back to the root of the SD card back to the image file selection Behind this menu entry is simply the disk command CD lt The menu structure of the disk loader is free configurable have my most important programs packed into some image files D64 files Each disk loader menu comes from a LOADER file The first page loaded by the disk loader is the LOADER file in the root of the SD card it contains links to subdirectories and or D64 image files Behind each of this menu entries to select a image file or subdirectory is a simple CD command for the SD2IEC 18 Disk loader Configuration The Disk loader is free configurable For this we use LOADER files These LOADER files are simple files with filename and same structure as normal BASIC program files Since LOADER files are similar to BASIC programs we can do the same well known procedu
19. imal starting with a sign The load commands are executed in the order given If you intend to load something into the cassette buffer from 330 onwards this must be the last section This is because the Disk Loader uses this area of memory Examples of load commands MOONPATROL EXBASIC2 C A000 AUSTRO COMP B VICMON P 3000 A Disk Command starts with the AT sign followed by the actual command in quotes You can send any possible commands to the target device SD2IEC or floppy provided the device understands the command The main application of the Disk Command may be to change the current directory or the current disk image D64 We can comfortably navigate the SD card this way You do not have to have all the games in a single huge list it can be arranged as you wish 37 As stated any disk command is possible You can for example erase a high score table with an S command or a high score table could be saved by the C Copy or R Rename This is limited only by your imagination Disk Commands can be used before or after a Load command The configuration of the FE3 is only necessary for the specific games and programs If a game or program runs without running a configuration you can do without these instructions There are games and programs that do not run by normal load and start The program does not find the necessary environment and can will therefore not run By configuring the hardware FE3 can s
20. imulate every possible memory expansion hardware and run every known program except for those which require very specific hardware modules e g 80 character card IEEE 488 card RS 232 Modem cards etc The commands BLK BLKD and BLKP configure the memory The block numbers can follow the command in any order 0 1 2 3 5 All five memory blocks are enabled by default and must be turned off to get smaller or unexpanded memory configurations The block numbers correspond to the physical blocks of the VIC 20 0 Block 0 0400 OFFF 1 Block 1 2000 3FFF 2 Block 2 4000 5FFF 3 Block 3 6000 7FFF 5 Block 5 A000 BFFF 38 The blocks can be disabled and protected against overwrite individually e BLKD disable Block e BLKP protect Block BLK is equal to BLKP for backward compatibility Inactive blocks are quasi nonexistent The FE3 acts like it is not populated in the corresponding range of addresses Another cartridge could be used with FE3 in a multi slot expansion in the address blocks that have been disabled Blocks with write protection act like a ROM or EPROM These blocks can only be read from write commands are ignored The command NOIO hides the registers of FE3 After this is set further configuration of the FE3 is no longer possible and the corresponding IO area is free A hardware reset puts the FE3 back to the original state and allows reconfiguration Examples of configurations BLK
21. mation bits in Register 1 zzzzz control the write access to the RAM blocks Bit 4 controls BLK 5 Bit 3 Controls BLK 3 Bit 2 Controls BLK 2 Bit 1 Controls BLK 1 and Bit 0 Controls BLK 0 If the Bit is set to 0 then the RAM Block 0 can only be read not written 1 write protection on Off The bits for Blocks 1 to 5 control the target for the write operation If the bit is not set 0 then the write operation is to Bank 1 of the RAM If the Bit is set to 1 then the write operation is to Bank 2 of the RAM Changing the target for the write operation functions as a kind of write protection A write protection is needed in order to emulate a ROM cartridge First one writes the ROM content to RAM and then one protects it from being overwritten Why do we need this Some game cartridges overwrite themselves intentionally so that they won t run in RAM RAM 2 MODE 110zzzzz With POKE 39938 192 RAM Mode 2 of the Final Expansion is activated Read operations come from the RAM Bank 1 or optionally from Bank 2 Write operations are always to RAM Bank 1 The Block 0 of the VIC 20 8K Expansion is switched on The Bit 0 of Register 1 controls the write protection There is up to 35KB of SRAM available to configure 4 x 8KB 3KB at the addresses 0400 BLK 0 2000 BLK 1 4000 BLK 2 6000 BLK 3 and A000 BLK 5 49 The 3KB expansion VIC 20 BLK 0 comes from Bank 0 The first 32KB in SRAM of the SRAM The four 8KB blocks i
22. must have 4 8 12 or 16 digits Only integers are allowed Usable digits are 0 and 1 Examples A 7 2C 9 PRINT 2F 14 POKE A077 5A Floppy speeder The accelerated access to files is made by Jiffy compatible procedures SULOAD Jiffy DOS is the most favored serial soeeder LOAD and SAVE are speeded up by 6 to 10 times to normal IEC procedures The SD2IEC is much faster than a normal Jiffy floppy especially for small files The reason is SD card doesn t have a motor startup delay and also no sector search delay Jiffy SD2IEC 1541 blocks blocks 32 But not only LOAD and SAVE are sped up by the FE3 wedge all data access is accelerated if the kernel jmp table is used This is cause FE3 wedge changes all of IEC concerning vectors of the VIC 20 CHKIN CKOUT BSOUT BASIN CLALL CLRCH The speeder works with all Jiffy compatible floppy drives including the internal uIEC SD2IEC Normal floppy drives not Jiffy powered run fine but only with normal slow speed If the wedge is running in low memory block 0 floppy speeder is disabled This small version of the FE3 wedge doesn t have this feature because only 3K RAM is available Movable into low Mem The FE3 Wedge normally uses an address range at B upper side of block 5 Block 5 cannot used by BASIC v2 so this is a good location for the wedge By choosing full RAM in the RAM manager F1 F7 whole block 5 will be usable RAM In this case a small version of the FE
23. n the VIC 20 BLK 1 BLK 5 come from Bank 1 The second 32KB in SRAM of the SRAM This way all the addressable space in the VIC 20 is filled with RAM and therefore the maximum expansion with memory is achieved The additional information bits in Register 1 zzzzz control the write access to the RAM blocks Bit 4 controls BLK 5 Bit 3 Controls BLK 3 Bit 2 Controls BLK 2 Bit 1 Controls BLK 1 and Bit 0 Controls BLK 0 If the Bit is set to 0 then the RAM Block 0 can only be read not written The bits for Blocks 1 to 5 control the write operation If the bit is not set 0 then it reads from Bank 1 of the RAM If the Bit is set to 1 then it reads from Bank 2 of the RAM In this way you have 64KB available instead of 32KB This way the RAM in Bank 2 cannot be overwritten The Ram in Bank 2 functions with write protection like ROM Through this you can leave a program running without losing access to the RAM one has a sort of RAM under a ROM like in the C64 Why do we need this one could for example program a machine code monitor to run in Bank 2 and display the contents of the whole of Bank 1 This monitor would need almost no memory for itself SUPER RAM MODE 101zzzzz With Poke 39938 160 the SUPER RAM MODE of Final Expansion is activated 50 Read operations come from the RAM from the selected Bank Write operations go to the RAM in the selected Bank Block 0 of the VIC 20 3K Expansion is switched on There are 32KB o
24. or All arguments are seen as a numeric expression and calculated The result will be displayed in different notations decimal hexadecimal binary and as an ASCII string lt is like a real VIC reset red reset key Other than a SYS64802 it emulates a real reset necessary for some games mostly cartridge games in block 5 to run properly This command makes the same as BLKP it is only for compatibility reasons 29 BLKP This command protects memory blocks against writing After a program is loaded in a block sometimes it is useful to protect it Protected blocks seems to be a ROM the content is read only writing is ignored After the BLKP command One or more numbers are entered separated by commas Possible values are 0 1 2 3 or 5 block numbers BLED una This command disables one or more memory blocks The disabled blocks are physically removed like not existent Disabled blocks can be used by other cartridges After the BLKD command one or more numbers are entered separated by commas Possible values are 0 1 2 3 or 5 block numbers NOIO The NOIO command disables the 2 software register within the CPLD address 39938 and 39939 of the FE3 After this are configuration of the FE3 is no longer possible You can use this for programs which won t run cause it writes into this register addresses The FES register are available until a hard reset of the CPLD occurs red reset key OFF sisisi Switch off
25. ost and you have to reinstall it again If a problem occur while firmware update the FE3 maybe won t start normally no main menu appears In this case you have to install the firmware by the utility program fe3flash Flash Info The Flash Info screen informs you about the allocation of the flash memory 25 This information is useful to see how much memory is free So you can estimate how many programs fit in the flash memory 26 FE3 Wedge Functional range The FE3 Wedge offers this features Extends the command set of the VIC 20 Arithmetic expressions can include binary and hexadecimal numbers Floppy Speeder SD card and Jiffy Floppy Movable into low memory 2 9 LES Ca Pi TE SG FREE FES LE DE GC PO READ Y u kt Hee Aaa i 27 Floppy commands For easy file management new commands are available one letter shortcuts The argument for the shortcuts filename can be used either quoted or stand alone If a quote sign is on the 4 column usually for a directory entry all characters before are ignored This has a reason It is for easy using directory entries as an argument without needs to delete a char For example you list a directory using the shortcut after this you move the cursor up to the file you want now you can load this file simply by writing the shortcut and lt enter gt key G nunnia The dollar sign lists the directory of the selected drive without overwriting the program in memory
26. ou can reach this menu from main menu by pressing F6 It includes 3 menu points e Flash Program e Flash Firmware e Flash Info Flash Program This menu point writes games and programs into the flash memory of the FE3 The games and programs must be already configured properly in the disk loader You will see the same list as in the disk Loader The difference is you don t start this program but write it into the flash If all running fine you will see a screen like this 23 Hg TOTOT Zoo TE 0 Om 4 KS Hi D e E E IID Yoo U lt After flashing is completed without error you can select and start this program now from the cart loader Flash Firmware Use this menu point to update the Firmware of the Final Expansion This doesn t concern the SD2IEC firmware 24 For this you have to copy the new firmware file to the root directory of the SD card The filename of the new firmware always must be fe3firmware or fe3firmware prg After the firmware update a reset is triggered and it should appear the main menu Annotation It must be already installed a properly working firmware to do the update in this manner If no firmware is installed or not properly working for example after assembling the FE3 the firmware must be written by the program fe3flash See also Firmware Installation Caution The firmware update erases the whole flash memory All programs and games in the flash memory are l
27. p 42 N A B T E F 1 Block 2 Block 3 Block 5 Final Expansion Seite 0 1 2 Seite 15 EEPROM 512K x 8 1024K x 8 Seite 0 System 3 Seite 1 Seite 15 31 4 S F Bezeichnung vC 20 Final Expansion 25 05 2009 Memory MAP Blatt Nr Zeichnungs Nr Blattzahl 5 2 Registers 43 The Final Expansion has 2 registers in order to configure it through software The registers are accessed like memory addresses and can be read from PEEKed and written too POKEed The registers have 8 bits as for other memory addresses After a Hard Reset or after switching on the VIC 20 both registers contain Zero Register 1 39938 9C02 With Register 1 the MODE of the Final Expansion can be selected The Register is located at address 39938 9c02 Values are written to the register With POKE 39938 x Values are read from the Register with PEEK 39938 The highest 3 bits Bit 5 6 and 7 control the usage mode of the Final Expansion The lowest 5 bits Bit 0 1 2 3 and 4 provide additional information the selected mode of use It is possible to build a value for
28. res like LOAD SAVE and LIST We can edit LOADER files like normal BASIC programs first LIST the code and edit directly on the screen exactly as we would do with BASIC code We need no utility all editing can be made by VIC 20 standard methods 19 A LOADER file contains a whole menu list for the disk loader all entries in one file one or more pages When the disk loader is started it loads the LOADER file from current drive into memory and lists the first 17 entries The LOADER file contains one chapter for each menu entry Each chapter contains the entry name listed in disk loader menu and one or more commands for this menu entry This commands can be load configure and execute commands Or it can be disk commands like CD to change into another disk image Everyone can make his own set of LOADER files all connected together for navigation between image files to get a big collection of games and programs How to create LOADER files and which options are possible is documented at the section LOADER files FE3 Cart Loader The cart loader will be started from the main menu with the lt F5 gt key With the Cart loader you can start games and programs stored in the flash memory of the Final Expansion The idea of the cart loader is to have all most favorite games and programs in one list and start it easily and quick Start programs Choose from the list of games programs by using the cursor keys or the joystick By pressing the lt
29. roller ATmega644 or ATmega1284 The controller is for the uIEC SD2IEC functionality The CPLD controls the logic of the FE3 in a single chip Software The firmware of the FE3 is contained within the flash memory It starts immediately after power on and when the VIC 20 is being reset The manual describes all features of the firmware The firmware consists of two parts e The menu system for choosing features of the FE3 e The FE3 Wedge extends the command set of the VIC 20 and implements SJLOAD SJSAVE Jiffy compatible load and save Cause the integrated SD2IEC is also Jiffy compatible it is a benefit also with the disk loader The menu system offers the following features e RAM Configuration This menu point allows to configure any known memory configuration of the VIC 20 e Disk loader This menu point exists to load and execute programs on SD card or floppy disk The disk loader is free configurable by the User and supports any kinds of floppy disk drives and of course the integrated SD2IEC ulEC e Cart loader This menu point exists to load and execute programs directly from flash memory The flash provides 480KB from 512KB user space You can fill this user space with most favorite games and programs All kind of programs are possible BASIC programs cartridges to flash into user space e Utilities This are programs to update the firmware and write selected programs and games into the flash memory Third party soft
30. s memory model normally is chosen because the user want do something with block 5 The FE3 firmware and also the FE3 wedge normally run in block 5 So FE3 wedge is moved to block 0 low memory in this memory model In block 0 is only 3KB available so the FE3 wedge has a limited command set Beware block 0 is not protected and could be overwritten Caution be careful with writing to memory POKE don t bite the hand that feeds you 15 Of course you could disable FE3 wedge using the option or disable it after starting BASIC with the wedge command KILL or OFF The start message shows the start address of the FE3 wedge The red message of the wedge shows the address in parentheses If a B is listed the wedge run in block 5 a 05 indicates a address in block 0 2 2S H oz 2 Kai ES LS ee ss a e ELSE ER EK 16 FE3 Disk Loader The disk loader will be started from main menu with the lt F3 gt key With this disk loader you can start pre configured games and programs very comfortable and easy Start programs Choose from the list of games and programs and select it using cursor keys or joystick The lt Return gt key or fire on the stick will start the game program 17 If more than 17 menu entries are available you can change the page using lt F1 gt and lt F3 gt keys The keys lt F5 gt and lt F7 gt selects the first or last entry of the page This makes it possible to navigate very fast within t
31. s of 32KB any one of which can be selected for access These 32KB are further divided into 8KB pieces and are assigned to the addresses 2000 BLK 1 4000 BLK 2 6000 BLK 3 and A000 BLK 5 The additional information in the Register zzzzz select the relevant 32KB block of the Flash memory In 512KB there are 16 x 32KB pages The additional register values can therefore take the values 0 to 15 Readers will notice that the additional register information can hold 5 bits or 32 values Correct the Final Expansion can also address 1MB chips However these are not available to buy in DIL packages therefore this cannot be used RAM 1 MODE 100zzzzz With POKE 39938 128 the SRAM of the Final Expansion is activated Read operations are always from RAM Bank 1 Write operations go to RAM Bank 1 or optionally to Bank 2 The Block 0 of the VIC 20 8K Expansion is switched on The Bit 0 of Register 1 controls the write protection There is up to 35KB of SRAM available to configure 4 x 8KB 3KB at the addresses 0400 BLK 0 2000 BLK 1 4000 BLK 2 6000 BLK 3 and A000 BLK 5 The 3KB expansion VIC 20 BLK 0 comes from Bank 0 The first 32KB in SRAM of the SRAM The four 8KB blocks in the VIC 20 BLK 1 BLK 5 come from Bank 1 The second 48 32KB in SRAM of the SRAM This way all the addressable space in the VIC 20 is filled with RAM and therefore the maximum expansion with memory is achieved The additional infor
32. sion 3 your flash memory is empty and the controller flash also You need to install the FE3 firmware http vc20final t winkler net zip After assembling the Final Expansion 3 no firmware is installed Switching on the VIC 20 you will see same as without connected FE3 normal VIC 20 start message screen You must install the firmware to support the new hardware The FE3 consists of two separate parts so you will need two different firmware e for the FE3 memory expansion e for the integrated SD2IEC ulEC SD The firmware for the SD2IEC must be copied simply to the SD card After power on the SD2IEC searches for an update file on the SD card and will install it automatically if current firmware is older The firmware for the memory expansion will be programmed into the flash memory For this is the program FE3FLASH which is included in every firmware package Caution The program FE3FLASH is necessary only if no firmware is installed or if current firmware doesn t work properly Otherwise the firmware can update itself using the menu system see FES Utilities press key F6 from main menu Menu system handling The FE3 main menu appears after power on your VIC 20 and also after pressing blue reset button Make sure your FES is firmly inserted into the expansion slot of the VIC 20 If the main menu doesn t appear maybe the firmware is missing see also install firmware In the main menu we select one of the available feat
33. the FE3 Wedge All vectors are restored The memory space of the Wedge is free again KU eee Exactly the same as OFF UNNEW After a NEW command or a VIC reset BASIC programs seems to be deleted This command restores the program in memory OLD orsi Exactly the same as UNNEW RENUM will be implemented with release r021 FIND will be implemented with release r021 DBL sissisancsase will be implemented with release r021 30 LOAD and SAVE Beside the accelerated access to files the FE3 has more benefits e Display of start and end address while loading and saving e Loading of files without start address cartridge files by entering a SA 2 e Loading of files with a given start address by using a SA 1 and a additional argument start address e Saving of files with a given start and end address Examples LOAD CARTIDGE 8 2 A000 LOAD CARTRIDGE 8 1 2000 SAVE CARTRIDGE 8 1 2000 4000 Formula evaluation The formula evaluation is extended also within running BASIC programs by binary and hexadecimal numbers This can be used everywhere even for assignments PRINT commands or any parameters for commands The different numerations can be used mixed in any combination 31 Hexadecimal numbers are preceded by a dollar sign The numbers must have 2 or 4 digits Only integers are allowed Usable digits are 0 to 9 and A to F Binary numbers are preceded by a percent sign The numbers
34. ures Configures your FE3 as a memory expansion 10 F3 Disk Loader This menu point starts a game or program from internal SD card or a connected floppy F4 Help A help screen appears which explain helpful information for using FE3 outside the menu system F5 Cart Loader This menu point starts a game or program from internal flash memory F6 FE3 Utilities The utility sub menu is for erasing and writing the internal flash memory F7 BASIC Wedge Starts your VIC into BASIC with enabled FE3 wedge and full memory expansion F8 BASIC normal Starts your VIC into BASIC without FE3 wedge normal BASIC command set and full memory expansion Drive 8 Changes the default device number for storage devices Default is 8 normally this is your internal IEC SD2IEC device The following keys are also available in the main menu D The Credits Screen contain the names of all people who were helpful while developing the FE3 firmware Thanks to all of you on the list for information code fragments and other helpful things it would be more difficult if not impossible without your help Pressing the lt CBM gt key Commodore key while reset or power on the VIC 20 will start as without inserted Final Expansion You will see a normal startup screen no FE3 wedge and no memory expansion Internal uIEC SD2IEC is available normally if connected to IEC port Pressing the lt Shift gt key while reset or power on the VIC
35. ware e Task Switcher for FE3 A Task Switcher for the Final Expansion 3 http sleepingelephant com ipw web bulletin bb viewtopic php p 63388 63388 e RAMDisk for FE3 A RAM Disk for the Final Expansion 3 http sleepingelephant com ipw web bulletin bb viewtopic php t 5342 Reproduction The schematic of the FE is free available and the firmware is open source Everyone can build a FE3 themselves easily It is possible to build a FE3 on a breadboard or a 8 Bit Baby see also Final Expansion v1 There are also kits available at http www sinchai de WEB Links e FE3 20 available at Retro Donald http www sinchai de index php main_page product_info amp cPath 1 amp products id 77 e Homepage of the Final Expansion 3 english http t winkler net dokuwiki doku php id en fe3 start e Homepage of the Final Expansion 3 german http t winkler net dokuwiki doku php id fe3 start e Old Homepage of the Final Expansion english http vc20final t winkler net index_en_old html e Old Homepage of the Final Expansion german http vc20final t winkler net index_old html Forum 64 Final the fe3 is a teamwork http www forum64 de wbb3 board65 neue hardware board284 massenspeicher board283 vc 20 final expansion e Forum 64 development thread http www forum64 de wbb3 board65 neue hardware board284 massenspeicher board283 vc 20 final expansion 28606 vc20 neoram ram rom expansion Source files amp Firmware http vc20final
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