User manual for SecuRbAn and Securipedia
Contents
1. Figure 4 Colour of the tabs Each of these tabs will be described in a dedicated section below 10 3 2 1 Questions tab The Questions tab is the place where you are asked about the characteristics of the area under investigation This is also the pl ace where you fill in your answers and comments about your answers In this tab you can also get support on how to fill in your answers if needed s gt View Renew x Scoring vS3 xism Microsoft Excel say vOe F Question A Name ofthe assessment B Description of objects under consideration mation and versions used for the D Timestamp Questions about assessed are Objects Are there residences 2 Are more than 10 of the residences single family detached homes 3 Is there a concentration of residential dwellings public street 5 Are there shops for these shops Electronics shops e Fashion shops e Sports clothing shops lewellery chans ro i 7 at 2 Ready Z question sheet 4 In the residential area will cars be parked mainly along the 6 Are there parking spaces present that are primarily used 7 Do these shops include one or more of the following types IOI E How tousethistool f EREE ecuRbAn 4 public space but excluding other buildings http en wikipedia org wiki Dublin Heuston railwa google maps 30 05 2013 10 08 lub Use current date h s2. SSS WT Yes AE Help b There are some shops located within the terminal Parking is primarily for railway usage Tobacco goods EBI 100 Figure 5 Question tab of the SecuRbAn tool 3 2 2 Results tab The results tab is where the res ults of the assessment of the area are presented It includes scores for the level of attention required to a number of urban Security issues and mechanisms to compare assessments and find out which questions led to the achieved score CICEU se File Formulas Data f Waterhaven Home Insert 13 Page Layout Scoring v53 xlsm Microsoft Excel 7 Review View A Version 30 05 2013 10 08 B score sheet Heuston Station F G SecuRbAn Waterhaven Highest Indications that attention is required ial E 115 4 Figure 6 The Results tab of the SecuRbAn tool 11 3 2 3 Load and Save tab The load and save tab supports the functionality of loading and saving assessments Assessments that are saved here can be used as basis for comparison in the Results tab E z wo wilis e Scoring v53 xlsm Microsoft Excel File Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View 9 co pp s amp s T6 hi fe A E Selected save slot Illl 5 Save to selected slot Load from selected slot Save button 6 Disclaimer This tool is made available with no warranty of any kind
3. as a replacement for his own judgement and intelligence Use your own judgement The questions in SecuRbAn will often be phrased in terms of is there an increased amount of Are there often Is there close by etcetera One could expect these questions to be more quantitative for example using within a range of 500m instead of close by Where this is possible this has been done Where the questions remain somewhat vague this has been done on purpose because a good answer would be situation dependent For instance close by could mean a range of 1 km in a wide spaced area and 100m in a densely built area Similarly often can have different meanings depending on for example the perception of the inhabitants It is left to the user of the tool to make these situation specific judgements In general it is best to relate these terms to the average of the area s environment Make multiple assessments if needed Whenever the answers to a question depend on the situation such as daytime nighttime holidays festivities taking place etcetera one should consider whether assessing the situation for these specific situations are relevant enough to merit their own assessment an average assessment is best or an assessment of just one of the situations would suffice In either case one needs to be aware that the results will reflect the decision taken here If one answers according to the average situation
4. is a particularly terrorist prone situation for example a district 19 with many consulates and embassies the destruction by fanatics score can be expected to fall above average unless extreme measures have been taken One should realise that whether a score is acceptable or not and whether additional measures are required is a human decision and certainly not an automatism of the tool The tool is meant to make the urban planner aware and to provide insight and inspiration not rigid directives This means that a high score on any particular crime does not necessarily mean crime will take place only that the area is receptive to that particular form of crime This can be interpreted as a sign that if the crime is going to take place it is rather likely it is going to take place in that area This means that one can potentially get a high score for terrorist threats in a country where the threat level from terrorism is very low Although this might be interpreted as conflicting with reality it means the assessed area would be vulnerable for a threat if a threat would arise 4 1 4 3 Difference diagram The difference diagram is meant to provide an easy way to compare the results of two assessments either of two versions of the same urban development or of two different but similar developments To use this diagram e Make sure the reference assessment is saved in one of the save slots see 4 1 5 e Select the appropriate r
5. major social issues prevail and high rise buildings dominate the landscape Option 4 Enhance the modem residential district quarter by delivering a greater mix of complimentary uses given the proximity to the urban core There are a number of options the Urban Planner could consider Figure 3 Example of options under evaluation 2 2 2 Simple Risk Assessment At the outset the urban planner may select to make use of SecuRbAn to perform a simple risk assessment of the existing option areas s he has identified above and direct him her to the most relevant issues The use of SecuRbAn and Urban Securipedia brings direct added value to the urban planner as it ensures that security and connected safety aspects are considering during the planning process A series of questions is posed to determine the attractiveness circumstances and vulnerabilities of the object of the various types of crime For example a risk assessment for Option 1 may identify that given the presence of a football stadium where very large crowds are frequently present there may be some heightened concerns to locate another regional attractor there i e a mixed use including major retail uses scheme SecuRbAn will have direct links to this Urban Securipedia knowledge base where for example information on the impact of large crowds e g pickpocketing vandalism etc can be researched by the urban planner to help him her in the risk assessment and to make a more
6. therefore the same as for using Wikipedia a working internet connection and internet browser 2 2 Use ofthe tools in urban planning In urban development processes security objectives are often included although this is not always made explicit and the objectives are not always defined at the beginning of the project This leads to the pitfall of developing a plan ignoring the security requirements and being faced at the end of the project with parties that require major changes to an almost completely developed plan out of security consideration that were never mentioned before This reactive approach will lead to new requirements that have to be retrofit retrospectively with all its negative consequences at this stage of the development process changes typically are compromises that are less effective and require more effort money and negotiation than necessary We see that if a proactive approach is taken and these consideration and ideally the related parties are involved in the design from the beginning small basic changes to the design can meet security objectives that would have significant cost in money effort and design objectives in later stages For example designing a larger vehicle free zone around a building from the project start can prevent having to take very expensive measures against vehicle bombs at a later stage This is why the STCUP allows the urban planner to integrate security into his plans from the earliest
7. used to include public and private sector town planners urban designers architects civil engineers in short all professions involved in the planning designing and construction of the built urban environment The tool encompasses risk More information about the VITRUV project can be found at http www VITRUV project eu from all forms of harmful intentional human behaviour i e crime in all its forms ranging from pickpocketing to terrorism but excluding cybercrime It relates these subjects to all other aspects the urban planner needs to take in to account such as financial economic aspects safety mobility quality of life etc The tool can be used on urban projects ranging from single building which have a major impact on their direct surroundings such as stadiums to a complete urban district and from renovation to new development An important aspect to realise is that these evidence based tools are designed to support urban planners in making better and more secure plans by means of providing rational advice information and inspiration but not to solve security issues for them This means that the tools will guide urban planners to ask the right questions to inform them about security and its implications for other aspects of the urban planning process and to provide suggestions which might or might not apply to their specific problem but which are intended to inspire the urban planner to design a fitting solution for his specif
8. Questions A D e Questions about the assessed area Questions 1 38 e Questions about the surroundings of the assessed area Questions 39 50 e Questions about measures taken or planned in the assessed area Questions 51 76 4 1 3 1 Particularities for questions A D The answers to these questions are important to identify the assessment and record for later reference what assumption and information underlie the assessment The SecuRbAn question A name of the assessment is used to provide an easy reference to a particular assessment made This name is used to identify the assessment for the user in the save slots The name of an assessment can contain multiple words but only one line A well chosen name can assure the easy retrieval of the correct assessment if multiple and similar assessments exist The name is advised to contain enough information to distinguish it from subsequent assessments for 15 example not Mall but Mall first assessment excluding inner square Be aware that question A should always be filled in as you cannot save an assessment without a name The SecuRbAn question B objects under consideration provides a means to record exactly what boundaries were chosen when making the assessment For example what buildings are in or excluded from assessment Does it only concern public space or are parts of a building included What special circumstances like festivals construction work v
9. User manual for the security Tool for Conceptual Urban Planning STCUP SecuRbAn po i gt ot a as Se as en OS URBAN Securipedia Version 1 0 01 12 2013 VITRUV consortium 2013 A H Nieuwenhuijs TNO PO Box 96864 2509 JG The Hague Netherlands Telephone 31 88 866 3903 Page left empty on purpose Contents 1 GENERALINFORMATION erranei eeii N EE EAN E 4 1 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW siceucstnascercrajeihsaseusvezepismuns EA E E T 4 1 2 ORGANISATION OF THIS USER MANUAL ati cisicwutecesauadanresoarnserseadsnavenndentansesaiadanedanbaeneesancsddasbusueneteaseqsnabdoveioamhies 6 SYSTEM SUMMARY cocceccoscdencsecencuccevetnosseevevecsdesdsusseunncenceunssiessunasacsGecdevcsearnseyoeueauurveussandsfeeteccssesecayeeueiseuves 7 2 1 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AND REQUIREMENTS wsacanseusnies2encasasiearsnwecmeaadeenadaniindwintadaranadansnsqosanteeradanandansenbeeedeaansnse 7 L SUA E EE E E E A E 7 Bete AIO SECU DC OIG E E TAE E EE 7 2 2 USE OF THE TOOLS IN URBAN PLANNING cccecceccseccscceccsccsecneceeceeceecssessecsecseesecseeeecseeaeeeeceeceeceeeeseeeeaeceeeeeenes 7 221 PDI COON SCCM OHO erii t n E atc ENNO OAT nanan ta 7 22 2 SiMmpleRisk Assessment vsaiosec deciccaav soe caagotesieaaae tbesecee iA EEEE NE ENEE EEEE ENRERE 8 2 2 3 Focus on a particular CICIMENL scccccsescccsseeeccsueecccsseccsauseessuneecsaunscssausessaaasessauasessaueeessunsessauasessges 8 2 2 4 Further thoughts on a part
10. acation periods etcetera are included This field is only used for later reference by the user This means the level of detail needed in this field depends on the user s needs to record the exact frame chosen for the assessment but take in mind that delimitations that are obvious at one time can be less obvious at a later stage Providing too much detail in this field is certainly safer than providing too little The SecRbAn question C version of the documents used for an assessment allows the user to record exactly what documents and what version he used to give his answers This allows a transparent trail of the level of knowledge that was used for giving the answers to that particular assessment This field is only used for later reference by the user This means the level of detail such as what documents or statistics were use what versions release dates whether they were approved and by whom etc needed in this field depends on the user s needs to record the exact information that was used for making the assessment Providing too much detail in this field is certainly safer than providing too little The SecRbAn question D Timestamp allows the user to record the moment the assessment was made A button is provided to automatically fill in the current time and date but the date can also be filled in or edited manually Question Answer Comments How to use this tool question sheet Clear answers e C U R DA AN A Name of th
11. but deviates in certain security issues The Difference diagram see 4 1 4 3 can be used to determine the strong and weaker aspects of the area as compared to the reference area Comparison of these differences and their origins such as a different environment or slight differences in function can generate very useful insights in the normative need for improvement and possible migration strategies Indications that attention is required Highest q Difference with reference scenario 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 p i l gt ll A wT oS a gS AY gt f KA lt lt Worse than reference Better than reference gt m Example assessment commercial mall Well know other retail park Figure 14 Examples of result scores of an area and its reference situation 4 1 4 2 Attention required diagram This diagram represents the amount of attention that would be required additionally to the assessed situation in order to create a secure environment The score is determined by the number of positive and negative indications for the particular types of crime taking place following from the answers given As the questions in the questions tab are largely relative to a normal or average situation the results in the results tab will indicate the level of attention required relative to normal This means that if the situation under assessment
12. ced eee New Insights ol plan and re assessed in a new Problems amp Possibilities iteration Figure 2 Use of and relationship between the concept level tools 1 2 Organisation of this user manual In chapter 2 we will explain the general structure of the tools This will include a description of the form of the tools on the concept level their requirements in terms of hardware and software and their intended use in the process of urban planning Chapter 3 will help you getting started it contains instructions for installation and provides an overview of the contents and structure of both tools Chapter 4 is meant to support you in the actual use of the tools It contains help on the functions of the tools and how to navigate them Chapter 5 provides answers to frequently asked questions 2 System summary 2 1 System configuration and requirements 2 1 1 SecuRbAn SecuRbAn has been developed as a Macro enabled Microsoft Excel spreadsheet The tool is built to run on Excel versions 2007 and later This means that the tool is not guaranteed to function on other versions of Excel or even other spreadsheet programs There are no additional requirements for running the tool apart from an up to date instance of Microsoft Excel version 2007 or later 2 1 2 Urban Securipedia Urban Securipedia is a wiki that has been built on the Mediawiki platform the same platform that is used for Wikipedia The requirements for browsing this tool are
13. d 1 76 question features a selection box with possible answers and a free text box for comments The possible answers for each question can be selected by clicking the cell selecting the down arrow to the right of the cell and clicking the desired answer in the list that unfolds Answers can also be selected by exactly typing them in The behind a question links to a page in Urban Securipedia with help specific for the concerning question The comment box behind each question can be used to document any observations and thoughts you have while answering the question such as an answer only applying to a part of the object or being specific to certain circumstances etc The comments do not influence the scoring of results but if used correctly will serve as a useful trail of your security considerations through the versions of your urban development Figure 12 The selection box in the SecuRbAn tool To indicate which questions the user has to answer the cells for the answers are colour coded to show their status The questions required for a complete assessment will depend on the answers you give and consequently the colours of the questions further on can change The colours used have the following meaning Requires answer ee Does not require answer Figure 13 Colour coding of answers The assessment is complete if no orange answer boxes remain Although results are calculated as the answers are given they will not be co
14. e assessment O _ _ o C Description of the information and versions used for the assessment D Timestamp Use current date Ouectinne nhauit nccoccod nron Figure 11 Button for automatic entry of current date and time 4 1 3 2 Particularities for questions 1 38 Questions 1 38 all refer to the area and objects that fall within the delimitation defined in question B This implies that the results of an assessment and their interpretation can depend to a high degree on the boundaries chosen here This underlines the need to choose the demarcation of your assessment carefully and consciously 4 1 3 3 Particularities for questions 39 50 Questions 39 50 all refer to influences outside of the area and objects chosen in question B 16 4 1 3 4 Particularities for questions 51 76 Questions 51 76 all refer to measures taken in the area and objects that fall within the delimitation defined in question B 4 1 3 5 General guidelines for selecting an answer Use the tool as support not guidance SecuRbAn is designed to guide the user helps him ask the right answers and put this into the particular context of the user s particular urban development However the user should realise the tool is not aware of this particular environment and the questions will therefore not be tailored to the specific needs of that urban development This emphasises the need of the user to use the tool as a supportive instrument not
15. e functions also interact the mobility function of a bridge can for instance contribute to the economic function of the city As these interactions are important to keep in mind when looking at the security aspects of urban planning these functions are categorized and described in this knowledge base 3 3 1 4 Threats The urban object is designed to fulfil these functions according to the requirements However the fulfilling of these requirements can be frustrated by the actions of persons who seek to do harm threats This is why the knowledge base will also provide information about the various types of threats their motivation motives and the means they have to their disposal to succeed in their intentions 3 3 1 5 Mitigatory measures The only means at the disposal of the urban planner to mitigate the threats is to take mitigatory measures for mitigation see also crisis management cycle These are provisions taken to lessen the 13 chance of success or impact of an attack The knowledge base will contain information about measures in order to know which measures might be effective against what threat 3 3 1 6 Legal and ethical restrictions The urban planner does not have unlimited liberty in the measures he is allowed to take These are subject to legal and ethical restrictions that enforce additional requirements to the measures that are feasible This is why in this knowledge base also information about the legal an ethical req
16. eference assessment in the drop down box on the Results tab see Figure 15 reference scenario Empty Example assessment commercial mall Figure 15 reference assessment drop down box e The reference scores now appear in yellow in the Attention required diagram and differential scores appear in the Difference diagram The bars can be negative and will be presented in red or positive presented in green A positive score means the current assessment compares favourably to the reference The percentages represent the absolute difference in scores so if for example the current score of a particular security issue would be 30 and the reference score was 50 the difference would be plus 20 4 1 4 4 The sorted attention required diagram This diagram presents the same results as the Attention required diagram but is sorted from security issues requiring the most attention to security issues requiring the least attention This 20 diagram is provided to quickly see which security issues require most attention Security issues that are not scored are presented in front to prevent confusion with scores of zero 4 1 4 5 The score list This list is provided to quickly identify the elements that contribute to or mitigate a security issue The numbers refer to the numbers of the questions in the questions tab If a number is presented after a security issue in this list this means that the answer to this questi
17. either for user friendliness or suitability for a specific purpose The use of the tools is done on the user s own initiative and in no case creates a legal relationship between the user and the Vitruv consortium or any of its members The use of the tool cannot take the place of the user s own assessment for how they should J actin any given situation and the user is encouraged to investigate whether professional advice is necessary in all situations KENE M Questions AWM Load and save J yy ee Ready 2 S 145 y Figure 7 The Load and Save tab of the SecuRbAn tool 3 3 Urban Securipedia structure The information included in the Urban Securipedia both concerns pages that are directly supporting the urban planning process and pages that are included to help the user in the use of the tools Each of these types and their contents will be discussed in the following paragraphs 3 3 1 Pages in direct support of the urban planning process The central concepts that are included in this knowledgebase that are in direct support of the urban planning process concern the following categories e Pages on specific security issues e Pages on specific types of measures e Pages on specific urban objects object types e Pages on specific issues in other expert fields that are related to security The pages will show relations with the other pages The structure of the pages and their relations are graphically de
18. es Getting information on a security issue This list includes links to the Urban Securipedia pages relating directly to the respective security issue 4 1 5 Loading and Saving Assessments made can be saved loaded or deleted in the SecuRbAn tool by using one of three buttons on the Load and save tab of the SecuRbAn tool To use them e First select a slot to load from or save to in the selection drop box both filled or empty slots can be selected e Click the appropriate button 21 yuu es a e Lajon o o5 A R s T u v zj Selected save slot 2 v Cote Fak i 5 Save to selected siot Load from selected stot Delete selected slot e eo re heats Lopi eel cove 2 Figure 16 Load and save tab in SecuRbAn Any assessment that is saved in a save slot can thereafter be used as a reference scenario in the Results tab In total 50 slots are available for storing previous assessments This number is not changeable 4 1 6 Printing Both the Results tab and the Questions tab can be printed To do so click lt file gt lt print gt in the Excel menu or press lt CTRL gt P to open the print screen To cancel click lt home gt in the Excel menu 4 2 Urban Securipedia 4 2 1 How to find the information youre looking for Urban Securipedia is developed to support the urban planner in various ways This is why the information has be designed to be accessible via several ways called entry points Each of these en
19. es the functionality that the user will be prompted to save the spreadsheet if the contents have been changed Furthermore the spreadsheet file will automatically be saved to disk at each save of an assessment in a save slot see 4 1 5 14 4 Using the system 4 1 SecuRbAn 4 1 1 Starting a new assessment To start a new assessment select the Questions tab and if needed click the Clear answers button at the top of the form to start with a blank answers form If at this time you decide you do not want to lose the current answers in this window cancel and save the set of answers to a save slot see 4 1 5 Question Answer Comments stion sheet How to use thistool Clear answers e C U R bA nN A Name ofthe assessment ESS o_ 7 _ ee j a C Naccrintinn af tha infarmatinn and varcinne ticad far tha ae Figure 9 Clear answers button 4 1 2 Getting help To be directed to a concise help page how to use the tool click the help button at the upper right of the Questions tab Question Answer Comments How to use this tool question sheet ee ecu A Name ofthe assessment i B Description of objects under consideration i C Nacrcrintinn af tha infarmatian and varcinane icad far tha i Figure 10 Help button 4 1 3 Answering questions Select the Questions tab in the SecuRbAn tool In This tab you will see several sections e Questions to define what the assessment is about
20. from concept to plan to detail design Based on an all hazard risk approach the tools enable planners e To make well considered systematic qualitative decisions at the concept stage of design e To analyse the susceptibility of urban spaces e g building types squares public transport and their functionalities with respect to new threats at the plan stage of design and e To perform vulnerability analyses of urban spaces by computing the likely damage on individuals buildings traffic infrastructure at the detail stage of design This structure is graphically depicted in Figure 1 Strategic Conceptual Concept Concept Policies a r level Qualitative Tool 1 Tool 2 Tactical Modelling Functor Plan level Empirical ae Susceptibility analysis Detail level Operational Vulnerability analysis Design Details Quantitative K VITRUV Detail Figure 1 Structure of the VITRUV suite of software tools The STCUP is developed to support the urban planner in the concept level of urban development and consist of two components SecuRbAn which is a tool to perform a quick risk assessment of the security issues most relevant to the project area and Urban Securipedia which is a wiki providing information and guidance how to address identified issues The tool is developed to support the urban planner to include security aspects in his plans from an early stage on In this context the term urban planner is
21. ge This is not always the case however sometimes each of the subtypes has its own page as illustrated in Figure 22 Figure 22 Example of subtypes with each its own page In some cases the categorisation is several layers deep In this case one or more sub types can have their own page while others are clustered on one page We find an example of this in the type Social facilities open and civic space in which from the four sub types only Open and civic space has its own page This is illustrated in Figure 23 Figure 23 Example of stacked clusters 25 4 2 1 3 Search on keyword For users interested in other aspects than the ones mentioned a generic search is provided It is explicitly featured on the home page see Figure 24 but can be accessed on any page of the Urban Securipedia on the top of the page as illustrated in Figure 25 3 Enter by specific keyword as per top right of screen Search by specific keyword Figure 24 Search by keyword form on the home page Read View source View history Figure 25 Search by keyword on the top of each page 4 2 1 4 Further entry points Further entry points to the information contained in Urban Securipedia are e Direct links from SecuRbAn to the Security issue pages e Direct links from SecuRbAn to help pages explaining terms and providing support in answering questions 4 2 2 Navigation As the platform for Urban Securipedia is the same engine that power
22. gs button e Goto the Message Bar and check the Show the Message Bar in all applications when active content such as ActiveX controls and Macros has been blocked e Close Excel and open the SecuRbAn spreadsheet again If this does not resolve the problem one might choose to enable all macros e Go tothe Excel Options menu usually found by clicking on the start File button in the top left e Goto the Trust Center and click the Trust Center Settings button e Goto Macro Settings and check the Enable all macros option this is a permanent change that will apply after the spread sheet is closed Remember to reset to Disable all macros with notification when finished This will allow a spread sheet s macros to function When this option is not available greyed out contact your system administrator 5 3 Iuse Excel 2007 and I get an error stating Security alert macros are disabled This can happen when Excel 2007 without service pack 2 being installed decides your virus protection is not adequate to protect you from possible malicious code in the sheet The way to handle this is described in http support microsoft com kb 927150 uk and basically involves installing the latest service pack for Excel 5 4 Answers on the Questions sheet are not coloured according to their status The SecuRbAn tool only provides full functionality in Excel versions 2007 and later 5 5 The sheet exceeds the width of my screen If the sheet is t
23. h project as needed e Open the spreadsheet file SecuRbAn xlsm by double clicking on it or selecting it and pressing lt enter gt in your computer browser e The spreadsheet will open in Microsoft Excel versions 2007 and newer and if you did not make the document a trusted document see below a security message will appear directly below the toolbar asking you for permission to enable the active content Do enable this content as the application will not provide full functionality without it e f you give your permission to run the active content depending on where you saved your file Excel might present a notification asking you if you want to make this document a trusted document Do so if you want to prevent the enable content warning to appear in the future e You are now ready to use SecuRbAn To start Urban Securipedia Urban Securipedia is a web based application and is fully functional by selecting the address securipedia eu in any modern web browser 3 2 SecuRbAn structure Below the SecuRbAn user interface is presented This section does not concern itself with how to use the tool this will be explained in chapter4 The user SecuRbAn user interface is divided in three parts e the Questions tab e the Results tab and e the Load and Save tab Each tab has its own colour orange for the Questions tab red for the Answers tab and blue for the Load and save tab Each tab can be selected by clicking on it
24. ic problem for himself As such the tools do not support legislative or regulatory requirements but serve as a tool an urban planner may choose to quickly gain insight in security issues that otherwise may only be identified late in the project and prevent costly surprises The SecuRbAn and Urban Securipedia tools are designed to complement each other and be used in tandem The combination of the risk assessment and consolidated background information base represents a tangible opportunity for urban planners to ensure that security and connected safety aspects are considered during the urban planning process The visual below illustrates the unique process involved in using the tool components together with the relationship between them as part of an integrated approach Determine existing Urban Planner UP has a project protection idea and wishes to assess measures security and connected safety aspects j v Determine Security Possible attributing l Issues z j circumstances curity Issues Se eae quickly assess potential security issues associated with his plans Determine presence of attractive objects Y to certain crime types Securipedia helps to inform the UP on backgrounds causes effects of and solutions to Risk identified security issues Concrete Goals Assessment via U BAN for Urban mae Redevelopment ape Securipedia Solutions to security issues can be integrated with other j enhancements in an enhan
25. icular project cssecccccssseseccccsesseccccseeseeceususeesecsuuseecessaseeessaaunsecsssaensees 9 2 2 5 Make a project more understandable for StaKCHOICESS cccsseesececsssesececnneesesecaeessesseaeeseesseaansesees 9 GETUNG STARTED escrios A T 10 3 1 MOTALA TION e E E E E sadisnneigisinunaatnen saan ta etlenadin ah oavesaunanaaameisnawen 10 3 2 SECUR BAN IRO TURE anire EA AE E EA AE sana eanesqeenerneess 10 321 QUesUONS lOD rriro riinan ari ETEO N OTA ENEE A EOT OT AEO 11 a ROU O o E E EE 11 BZ oa GG Ove I arae E EE E E O E 12 3 3 URBAN SECURIPEDIA STRUCTURE scrsntarria Ennn r A EEE EEA EE EE AET 12 3 3 1 Pages in direct support of the urban planning PLOCESS ccccseececccesececsesececeescsecesececseseseseeecseseseseees 12 3 4 GUARANTEE OF CONFIDENTIALITY 0ccescsccsccsccsecseceeceecceesseeneeeeeeeeseesseseeeessecseeseeseseeseeceeeeeceeessesaesaeeeeeeeees 14 3 5 ETING AND AVING re co kero E E E E se sawn wala EO EERE E E 14 USING THE SYSTE Nirone sa S E 15 4 1 E E UE A E E E E E E A E PE A E EE E A EE TE teyoree 15 4 1 1 Starting A New assessment ccscccssccnsscceccnsccceccsueeneecsseeeseeeseeesseesaaessaeesaeeeaaeesasesauessuessaessauseauesaaeseas 15 AL dumm 2 11618 cd ee E E A eT EE AEN O E E ENE EE AEEA 15 LLS ASW GUES UONE coors tet nae E AEE AOE OEE OOA ENV OE OAE TORN 15 41A interpreting results cevcccsccsscccnvessccnsccssecvscccevesscvdssesscevsvscusesscuavessecevsccoesesccnsesssscesevsceeedeseasessecee
26. in a page fully spanning the width of the paper without side or top bars This page can also be printed using the standard printing option f your browser L1 4 k iii i WA y 4 ff f fe tes hy ats Ab A a ee fe a i pr r K URBAN Securipedia Navigation Main page Secunpedia structure The Vitruv project Random page Help Toolbox What links here Related changes Speri pagos Penmanent link Browse properties General Vitruv home Helpful contacts Contact us Disclaimer Figure 28 Printable version option in left menu 27 5 Frequently asked questions 5 1 I getan error on opening asking to enable content This is normal see section 3 1 5 2 I donot get the option to enable content and macros are not working As part of Excel s security settings a soreadsheet s ability to run macros automatically is usually disabled This is because macros can be used to run potentially malicious code on your computer without your knowledge Usually if a soreadsheet requires macros to operate it will cause a notification to display for the user in which they can agree to trust the source of the spread sheet and enable the macros temporarily However if this option does not display a user can manually change this setting To enable the message bar e Goto the Excel Options menu usually found by clicking on the start File button in the top left e Goto the Trust Center and click the Trust Center Settin
27. informed decision 2 2 5 Focus ona particular element Next the urban planner may focus on a particular element of a project So if the proposed regeneration scheme includes a significant residential component and the urban planner is considering Option 2 an area where there is a low population base but a dominance of retail activity the SecuRbAn and Urban Securipedia combined will assist the planner in deliberating whether the mixed use including residential scheme would be compatible Is the existing retail stock struggling with theft or other criminal issues What measures have been implemented and how effective have they been Would the provision of further retail use together with the creation of an increased local residential population compound the existing problems or create new solutions such as 24 7 natural surveillance of homes shops and public spaces SecuRbAn will provide an output screen with suggested prioritisation of security issues to be addressed while a series of links to Urban Securipedia will provide the urban planner with the most relevant information pages on these issues 2 2 4 Further thoughts on a particular project Consider the example where an urban planner is project managing the regeneration of the Option 3 area Old quarter in CBD district where limited activity occurs In this scenario the planner must of course balance the regeneration of the area through the delivery of new development and oppor
28. mplete if required answers remain 4 1 4 Interpreting results From the previous phase the tool will output an overview of the assessment results These are depicted in four ways which will be described below 4 1 4 1 Determining whether your scores need improvement The results of the assessment are depicted in levels Whereas high levels indicate potential problems and low levels indicate a low probability of problems arising determining whether intermediate 18 levels would be acceptable or not requires some careful consideration A level that might be acceptable for one situation might require additional measures in another For example pickpocketing at a railway station is hard to completely mitigate but the same level in a residential area would be remarkably high This example indicates there is no uniform level of acceptability of levels To get a good indication whether levels of an assessment are acceptable or not doing an assessment of a known and compatible situation offers a normative reference To create the best reference the reference assessment should be done e Preferably by the same person to assure consistency in scoring e ona well known situation to reduce the amount of effort required to assess the reference area e that is as much alike to the assessment as possible to make the comparison as acute as possible The reference assessment will then show a pattern of results that resembles the assessment done
29. o human intent wilful harmful acts safety concerns all other risk Toolbox Shortly put safety concerns protection from accidents security concerns protection from crime What links here This means that whether a measure is a security measure or a safety measure depends on the Related changes type of risk it is meant to mitigate A reinforced window for example can be both Upload file e When installed to prevent harm coming to the inhabitants coming from a gas tank accidentally Special pages exploding it would be a safety measure Printable version e When installed to protect the inhabitants from terrorist explosions it would be a security Permanent link measure Browse properties Ji A measure can also serve as a security and a safety measure at the same time An example can be found in a door the fire delaying properties of the door might serve as a safety measure while the General fact that it is protecting against unauthorised entry is a security measure A hard hat a typical safety measure against accidents amp 7 Vitruv home Helpful contacts Entry points for safety and security edit Contact us Disclaimer e Constituent elements of risk e Likelihood e Vulnerability e Impact Sources of risk Threats e Safety threats e Security threats Security issues Crime Measures e Types of measures against risk Theoretical background of measures e Points of application for measures Locks a typical security measure against
30. on was relevant to the score on that subject Scores should be interpreted in context Be aware that the context in which an answer was given can influence the relevance of the answer For example if yes was answered to the question Do you expect crowds but you indicated in the comments that this would only be the case between 23 00 and 02 00 in weekends the score would not be affected by the comment but your interpretation of the score should for example measures that only work in the daytime would be useless This example illustrates why keeping a record of your interpretation of the questions in the comments is important without it you would not be able to trace later why you decided for a particular measure and not for a possible much cheaper measure that works only in daylight Tracing the cause for a particular score The list enables you to trace the answers you gave for a particular security issue this trace alone might give you a pretty good idea where the problem originates and what effective measures could be Unscored security issues A symbol indicates the particular security issue is not scored The list of answers that is presented behind it in parentheses indicate the questions that would have to be answered in order for the security issue to be scored Be aware that it is not always possible to score all security aspects Domestic burglary for example will never be scored for an area without residenc
31. oo wide for your screen and you can t see all columns all you have to do is zoom out a little until the sheet does fit This is done by holding lt CTRL gt and scrolling down the mouse wheel 28 or by selecting a magnification level in the view menu using the zoom group To restore the screen width or inflate it hold lt CTRL gt and scroll up on the mouse wheel or again use the view menu 29
32. picted in Figure 8 and further explained in the following paragraphs 12 Urban object s Functions Mobility Economic Urban Social Environment Safety Threats s nse N Legal amp Ethics considerations Figure 8 Structure of the Urban Securipedia knowledge base 3 3 1 1 The urban object Central in the knowledge base is the object that the urban planner is developing This object can be a single building or a more overarching critical infrastructure but might also entail the renovation of a complete quarter of a city 3 3 1 2 The urban environment The urban object will be situated in and indeed part of an urban environment and will influence and be influenced by the adjacent land uses as the activities in a stadium will influence the surrounding urban uses and will play a role in the bigger urban context such as the role of an overpass in the context of a city or even a region The urban environment is therefore an important aspect of the planning process of the urban object 3 3 1 3 Functions This object has to provide in certain functions the added value of an object for its users and other stakeholders such as mobility functions for a new bridge economic functions for a mall social functions for a stadium or safety functions such as protection for the elements or privacy for almost all types of buildings These functions can both be distinguished for the object itself and for its surroundings Thes
33. s Wikipedia navigation is the same Links are indicated by their blue colour in the text as illustrated in Figure 26 Welcome to Urban Securipedia Urban Securipedia is an urban security and connected safety knowled supporting the urban planner to fake more informed deliberations and security and connecte safet ee Pos OE mrm ril laa F Lr mt if Figure 26 Links in Urban Securipedia 26 Some illustrations are clickable If this is the case this is always mentioned in the accompanying text By hovering your mouse over such a picture you will get a tooltip a small text box next to your pointer indicating where this part of the picture leads you Depending on the browser you use the tooltip can be instantaneous or appear only after you kept your pointer stationary for a short time An example of a tooltip is illustrated in Figure 27 2 Enter by urban object type hover over different land TESTAS Figure 27 Example of tooltip in clickable picture 4 2 3 Printing Printing of pages in Urban Securipedia can be done by the standard printing option of your browser such as typing lt ctrl gt P from any page This will result in a print that will reproduce as faithfully as possible what you see on the screen As this does not always have the desired effect each page can be formatted for easy printing To do this click on the Printable version item in the left menu as shown in Figure 28 This will result
34. safety aspects of his her project deliberations So where an urban planner decides to locate an urban regeneration scheme in the Option 4 area see visual above the residents in the other Option areas may feel somewhat aggrieved we need new services and facilities more than the selected area Obviously the planner s choice will be based on a wider range of issues than security and connected safety but the use of SecuRbAn and Urban Securipedia will enhance the decision making process and will help to rationalise the choices made from this perspective enabling the stakeholders to have a transparent and rational communication to the public and interested parties 3 Getting started 3 1 Installation For both SecuRbAn and for Urban Securipedia no installation is required To start using SecuRbAn e f you don t have the spreadsheet SecuRbAn xlsm go to the internet and download it from http www VITRUV project eu downloads html Here you can also download this manual These files can be saved in any desired location on your computer or your network e The downloaded file can be copied and renamed as desired except for the extension which should remain xlsm and used as basis for a particular project For example multiple versions can be saved to assist a municipal planning department in their planning assessment activities and a new version of the Excel tool can be opened each time by a different member of staff for eac
35. sscresssses 18 LLS TOCA GO O e E E E E R E E A 21 LLO CITING r S E E E NE O E E E 22 4 2 PSAN SE UU RP EDI E T A E A E seatn ones 22 4 2 1 How to find the information you re looking fOf ssccccccssessecccsnnssecsscnussecescaueecsssauesecsssauseecsssaansees 22 da NavigaUON ces sceesceciectaesiowwacetesseeaeale a EE SEE EEE E EENE TR 26 a A e E ETE E TEE E A A ENE EEE AEE TNE EE E 27 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS zorrinoiisciirepivecinakise ode noana E NENON ENE EN iE 28 5 1 GET AN ERROR ON OPENING ASKING TO ENABLE CONTENT ccecescecescecsscecnccusneeusnseeeuseeeesueeeseeeseeeesseeeseeeeseeens 28 5 2 DO NOT GET THE OPTION TO ENABLE CONTENT AND MACROS ARE NOT WORKING sccescesscesccescesccesceeeceseeeeeeeeees 28 5 3 USE EXCEL 2007 AND GET AN ERROR STATING SECURITY ALERT MACROS ARE DISABLED 20sscccceeeseeeeeeeseeees 28 5 4 ANSWERS ON THE QUESTIONS SHEET ARE NOT COLOURED ACCORDING TO THEIR STATUS sscsccescesccescescesecaseeaees 28 5 5 THE SHEET EXCEEDS THE WIDTH OF MY SCREEN sacquctciccsedemtaaesacenenssennpantaatwanentertenieusieassneavesausacteenehtenereeweanaueeae 28 1 General information 1 1 System overview TheTool for Conceptual Urban Planning STCUP is part of a suite of tools that are developed within the EU FP7 project VITRUV The objective of VITRUV is the development of software tools for the long and complex screening process which is urban planning along all stages of planning ranging
36. stages just as he would do for other important material social economic and environmental planning considerations 2 2 1 Application Scenario In order to explain how the STCUP i e SecuRbAn and Urban Securipedia is used let us consider a typical scenario that an urban planner may deal with in undertaking his her duties A city is concerned with its poor position in economic competitiveness in comparison with the European average for cities of a similar scale Anumber of weak urban quarters within the city have been identified for an urban regeneration programme intended to stimulate wider development and economic growth and renewal A mixed use scheme to facilitate the delivery of residential dwellings office and retail floor space together with a range of services and facilities is envisaged Limited investment and resources restrict the selection to a single quarter and this will be based on an assessment of available data including demographic socio economic and infrastructural needs An assessment of the security and connected safety of the area will also form part of the process Option 2 Enhance the new city centre i quarter where retail uses Option 3 Renew the old quarter Option 1 dominate but there is a low E siness Redevelop the 1960 s residential population and critica ne Central Business T Bl ae District where limited edge of city quarter where mass to sustain activities activity occurs currently
37. the results will reflect the average situation and the same goes for all other choices In all cases it is advised to record the chosen situation in the answer of question B If more than one situation is deemed relevant enough for assessment one may decide to split the assessment This is done by answering the questions for only one of the situations and updating question B to reflect this reduction of the scope of assessment saving the results in one of the save slots changing the answers to reflect the other situation and updating the answer to question B again and saving that in another save slot Now both situations are assessed independently of each other and can be compared in the result tab Use the comment fields This of course means that if different people give different answers the results of the tool are to some extent subjective This is why using the comments field after each question is important this provides a trace of the interpretations and assumptions used for answering the questions If all assumptions and interpretations are equal though the results should be the same 17 Find out which answers are determining which score The score list described in 4 1 4 5 gives the user a complete directory to all answers relevant to a certain score and thereby provides the user with a directory to the comment field where all underlying assumptions and interpretations can be found 4 1 3 6 Selecting an answer Each numbere
38. try points will be discussed in the sections below On the home page of Urban Securipedia http securipedia eu mediawiki index php Welcome to Urban Securipedia you will find three of these entry points 4 2 1 1 Browse by aspect Users interested in a specific aspect of urban security will find on the home page a matrix providing entry points to pages in the Urban Securipedia on these aspects as shown in Figure 17 1 Enter by aspect select from below Safety Security 22 Figure 17 Matrix with the six aspects of urban security By clicking any of these aspect the user is taken to a page explaining what topics are included in the Urban Securipedia regarding that aspect and providing links to the most relevant pages gt http securipedia eu mediawiki index php Safety_and_Security O BCX Page Discussion Read Edit View history Y Safety and Security Safety and security are two concepts that both indicate the level of protection against risk T3 Navigation Description edit Main page Although safety and security are terms that describe a state they can also be used to describe a form of protection the actions or measures taken to improve Securipedia structure that state The Vitruv project Random page Distinction between safety and security edit _ The distinction between safety and security lies in the type of threat that is at the source of the risk While security concerns risk due t
39. tunity with the protection of the historical and cultural fabric and character of the Old quarter Part of the regeneration programme includes the delivery of a large block of office and retail units In deciding where to locate such uses the urban planner makes use of SecuRbAn to investigate the existing risk and issues which the area faces The surrounding environs is also assessed including an adjoining residential area known for social integration problems in order to build up a more comprehensive picture of the area The risk assessment process generates results which suggest that the area currently has a problem with burglary and theft Upon seeing this the urban planner connects to Urban Securipedia to research what measures can be introduced to alleviate burglary and theft issues The subsequent office and retail component of the project can be sited and adjusted to include appropriate measures to ameliorate these concerns 2 2 5 Make a project more understandable for stakeholders Very often in the planning process the public and concerned stakeholders do not understand why an urban planner came to a decision on a planning application that impacts their community or why a master plan seemed to focus on one element over another The use of SecuRbAn and Urban Securipedia strengthens the evidence based approach to an urban planner s decision making process It allows him her to make more informed decisions within the security and connected
40. uirements is included 3 3 1 7 Interconnectedness The knowledge base intents to show the interconnectedness between all these concepts in a practical applicable way that directly supports the integration of this knowledge in the urban planning decision process right from the start 3 3 1 8 Pages in support of the use of the tools Types of pages that included in the Urban Securipedia that are included to provide support for the use of the tools concern the following categories e Support pages for SecuRbAn questions e General pages and support pages introducing the use of the Urban Securipedia tool component and e Pages providing background support in the interpretation of expert terms and constructs on each field of expertise 3 4 Guarantee of confidentiality The tools are designed to never send any information a user may consider confidential such as answers in the assessment beyond the boundaries of your computer Rather your answers are kept in the spreadsheet file and only in this file They are never saved or communicated outside of this file This guarantees that only persons who are granted access to the spreadsheet file can access this information In Urban Securipedia no user information is stored at all Information flow is strictly one way from Urban Securipedia to the user not reverse 3 5 Exiting and saving As SecuRbAn runs within Microsoft Excel standard functionality of this program still holds This includ
41. wilful acts e Effectiveness of measures e Side effects of measures Relevance of safety and security to the Urban Planner Objective and subjective risk Risk determination and risk assessment methods e Securban Category Threat Figure 18 Entry page for the aspect safety and security 23 4 2 1 2 Browse by urban object type For users searching information on the security issues and solutions for a particular kind of urban object on the home page a section has been created to cater to this need as shown in Figure 19 Figure 19 Section providing information on particular urban object types This section can be used in two ways e Hover over the picture to and click to select the urban object type you are interested in e Click the urban object link to be taken to a page listing all urban object types included in the Urban Securipedia The urban object page presents a clickable graphical overview presented in Figure 20 of all urban object types covered in Urban Securipedia 4 Figure 20 graphical overview of urban object types 24 Not every type of urban object has its own page in Urban Securipedia where urban objects are alike enough the information is often bundeled on one page This is depicted by a coloured box surrounding several urbanobject types as depicted in Figure 21 Figure 21 Example of several urban object types clustered on one pa
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