Exakta 36mm User's Manual
Contents
1. 3oruseur 10 10105 Buyoa oxd 05 posodxour afpujzes 10 Jaque Z syed vueg 24819 sopuy omexy qu pooquspug jo peq GI vaxuto The 35 EXA is yours now and we wish you good luck with it The camera will give you much pleasure for it is handy easy to operate and ready for use at a moment s notice So it is well suited to your constant companion We would advise you however to read this instruction booklet attentively before setting out to make photographs with your new camera Having acquired sufficient ex perience in correctly manipulating all parts that eventually lead to taking pictures you will obtain better results in every case and avoid damaging the camera mechanism You are no doubt well aware of the unique advantages of the EXA which is single lens rellex camera In iis interior there is a small mirror which reflects the image taken by the lens on to the ground glass focusing screen For that reason the future picture is always strictly the same as the reflex image This image permits critical focusing and composition of the picture on the ground glass screen to an unexcelled degree of precision We hope and wish you will obtain excellent results with the EXA and are at your disposal for all questions concerning your camera DRESDEN A 16 Germany Beiore loading the camera itis advisable to get thorouhgly acquainted with2. Please open these two pages fully so that the two tables are visible and you can refer to them while reading the text All the parts of the EXA that are important for operating the camera bear the same numbers on the tables and in the text HOW TO USE THE 35 mm EXA 3epiooq sn UE suopeajsn rrey pue s opouraourea ay uaamjaq pooy tapuy xapo1 gy sdoo eg Busrosoa 21 sv ust 18109065 gg je Surpupao o10Joq qsng uojnq pumas g sus uo pas Zg amsodxa Bate poi Tg poads aoynus p1 qsen apex pue oruope o X epddnr peuo og aunssaad wy g1 ysoy J opidi pejuoo 62 erat 1 peradg pue jo asrerpzawr 10 qouy paru gz sy poads jsodsuex wq 01 por eseopz eqgaou epz opm pg 6 qouy oseojor ynys 2g aurea aeu g dos 9g 9 oN Buypurmas vq jo yoard 7 Buu oouesip cg qouy 9 we jouofeq suo pasodxa 20 foods dn oye sus ga odsuer uj eo 22 dn oxo 10 foods dn oqwi 10 wy 8 umop pus dn zogrugeur Supoj 10 12 apoa ajasseo
3. The movable release lock 27a acts as a guard against unintentional tripping of the shutter important for storing and carrying the camera The locking lever has to be swung up in order to disengage the release knob If the speed setting lever 14 is set to B the shutter will open upon pressure on the release knob 27 and remain so long as the knob 27 is pressed It will close as soon as the pressure ceases For T setting alter pressure on the release knob 27 the shutter will remain open until a second pressure will close it again a special cable release is available Long exposure times can be easily measured by counting the seconds or checked by a watch In this case itis absolutely necessary to use a tripod tripod bush in camera base or to place the camera on a stable support a table a wall etc Hand held instantaneous exposures however are unconditionally possible After exposure wind the film transport knob 4 In the direction of the arrow as far as it will go With this action the shutter is wound up the film advanced one frame the mirror swung into focusing position the reflex image is visible again and the exposure counter 15 advanced one mark Film advance and shutter winder being coupled double exposure of one section of film is impossible D How to focus the EXA The lens 23 of the EXA is interchangeable but the camera should always be kept with the lens or it will be spoilt by dust The
4. the latter and detach the film end from the centre spool This done remove the take up cartridge and wind up the rest of the film by turning the top of the centre spool 21 80 27 How to change films page 19 If the film is wound on the take up spool be longing to the camera one length of film will take more than 36 exposures Even if the picture counter points to 86 already one or two more exposures can be made until the film transport knob 4 eannot be wound any more Now the film must be rewound in the following manner Holding the camera in your left hand press down the button 16 with the thumb while the other hand turns the rewind ing knob 6 in the direction of the arrow 29 As long as the film is being rewound the film transport knob 4 will rotate in an anti clockwise direction Once the film is re wound into the cartridge the transport knob 4 will stop Now open the camera see Section A and remove the cartridge containing the ex posed film To make the camera ready for loading and regular film transport again make sure that the small reversing lever 17 28 20 m 31 In this case the Ihagee flash unit 32 or any other flash equipment has to be used with its connecting plug inserted into the X contact of the EXA details are given in the Instruction Booklet for The Ihagee Flashgun The F contact closes 11 to 13 ms sooner than the X contact
5. to the object to be photographed so that the photographer can work without being hindered or observed Ill 15 12 The Special Prism see Section permits vertical pictures in direct vision and shows an upright and laterally correct image Control of the ground glass image is also possible when turning the camera upside down and looking up into the finder hood 16 it is necessary when shooting from behind a wall over a crowd ete In order to use the finder hood 18 as a frame finder 18 bring magnifier into working position by moving button 21 upwards and swing protective cover 20 forward The rectangular opening in the finder hood back wall 19 serves as frame finder rear sight Ill 17 The use of the frame finder is parti cularly indicated for sports shots ete The EXA is a two system camera the linder hood is inter changeable and can be replaced a Special Prism Ill 19 and 20 This Special Prism see also Ill 1 and 2 is delivered separately as a camera accessory and specially designed n i E for snapshots The camera is raised to eyelevel position Ill 21 and the object to be photographed is viewed in direct vision through the finder The Special Prism shows an upright and laterally correct reflex image which corre sponds to nature in all details for both vertical and horizontal pictures Ill 22 The image in
6. 2 6 180 154 135 121 106 0 94 erem a one dee estt ice wes 274 249 182 155 138 120 110 097 oss E ee 2 2615 686 417 266 198 Permissible confusion diameter of circle of confusion 0 05 mm Notice The distances given in the above chari have heen obtained by calculation for the purposes of practical work they can be rounded off within reasonable limits E How to use and exchange the finder hood and Special Prism A bright ground glass image visible in the EXA finder hood It is magnilied by the ground glass a plano convex lens to such a degree that acurate focusing is possible For more critical focusing the built in magnifier is employed To bring it into position move the button 21 upward along the guide in the finder hood front wall lll 12 while holding the index finger along top of finder hood front wall To bring the magnifier back to its neutral vertical posi tion move button 21 downwards again The sharp outline of the ground glass image facilitates composition and determination of picture frame While turning the stop ring 26 the varying extent of depth of field can be observed Focusing should always be done at full aperture and the lens stopped down afterwards Normally the camera is held at hest level Ill 13 Illustration 14 shows how to hold it when the magnilier is used When using the finder hood vertical pictures can be taken at right angles
7. may range from 1 50 to 1 19 sec For further Particulars please refer to the slips enclosed with the flash bulbs 28 lug inserted into details are given t for The lhagee to 13 ms sooner means a moment ateisilluminated led to accept the Flashgun III 32 flash equipment rmits employing joderately priced technik Eisenach XM 5 and the or American flash bulbs Amplex No 5 Dura Flash No 5 General use No 5 shutter speed 1 5 sec The actual flash duration is equal of the flash bulb and may range from ss to sec For further to the slips enclosed with the flash bulbs I Treatment and care of camera and lens The camera with lens should always be kept in the everready case or wrapped in a piece of cloth that will not ravel out All easily accessible parts should be kept clean and if necessary dusted with a soft brush Above all the film trad with the film guide 9 the film chambers 2 and 3 the camera back 11 the two springs 12 and the film pressure plate 13 should always be kept clean The reflex mirror of the EXA is surface silvered and extremely liable to sulier from careless handling A very soit hair brush should be used when cleaning it along intervals The EXA must be carefully protected against dust sand etc as well as against moisture in any form Never touch the glass surfaces of the lens with the fingers Ii necessary the lens surfaces may be cleaned w
8. stop double or half the normal exposure time e g if the normal exposure is sec for an aperture 8 of 1 8 it will be as sec for 1 11 or t o sec for 2 5 6 A reduction of lens aperture higher figures produces an increase in depth of field that is to say also points some distance in front of and behind the main subject focused at appear to be sharp For further details see the following table For instance lens set at 5 m stop 8 extent depth of field from 3 02 m to 15 08 m but lens set at 5 m stop 4 extent of depth of field irom 3 76 m to 7 47 m The lenses of the EXA have the distance ring 25 behind the front stop ring 26 Ill 9 11 The depth of field scale engraved in the badk ring of the lens mount tells practically the same as the table The aperture figures diverge from either side of the red index mark The index lines on the left hand side indicate the distance in meters from which sufficient sharpness can be expected those on the right hand side the distance in meters up to which sharpness can be expected range of depth of field The respektive distances are opposite the figures of the aperture chosen If the aperture figure on the right hand side comes to lie to the right of the infinity sign sharpness will extend to infinity Taking Illustration 9 as an example lens set at 5 m stop 8 range of sharpness from about m to nearly 15 m 9 The Meritar 11 lens fo
9. the Special Prism moves in ihe same direction as the objekt Holding the camera at eyelevel it is easy to follow moving subjects Interchange finder hood Close finder hood 18 Push milled knob 28 downwards and lift closed finder hood 18 from camera body 19 When replacing the finder hood insert finder hood carefully in perpendicular direction into the opening and press it down until it snaps in audibly The Special Prism 33 is inserted into and removed from the in exactly the same way as the finder hood 18 Never use force mi 22 16 23 F How to load the EXA The EXA uses perforated miniature cine film 35 mm width for 36 exposures 134 x 1 in 24x36 mm on a strip the usual length of 1 60 m The film is supplied eitherin factoryfilled cartridges or an empty cartridge loaded with refill film or with bulk film For further details apply to your photo dealer When using bulk film nospecial trimming of the film end is necessary except rounding off the angles Open camera bad see Section The film ham ber 2 the EXA is provided with a cassette guide D see legend in margin of illustration The loaded film catridge should therefore be inserted from beneath the camera so that the mouth of the cartridge lies against the edge of the guide The film is then led over the rollers and sprockets to the transport spool 10 Insert pivot 7 of rewinding knob 6 i
10. the camera without film To begin with one should train oneself to master all the movements to release the shutter to open and shut the camera to use the finder hood to compose and focus the picture always handling the camera as though it were loaded with film It is only when a complete mastery of the camera has been achieved that it should be loaded with film To start with the use of an old exposed film is recommended A How to open and shut the camera back Press camera back catch 1 to the left 3 and open hinged back 11 completely When closing the camera care must be taken that the camera back engages correctly in the groove on the body of the camera Press back 11 lightly towards camera body until the catch 1 snaps into position B How to open and shut the finder hood When the catch 22 is pressed inward the finder hood automatically opens into working position Ill 4 A detailed description of the various possibilities which it offers for compo sition and observation of the image will be found in section E of this booklet For the present let us stress the most important fact C Shutter and film transport The EXA camera possesses a very simple and sturdy shutter In order to observe how it works open the back of the unloaded camera or remove the lens see Section D With the release of the shutter for exposure the mirror swings upwards into a position parallel with the focusin
11. filter mount Solt Focus Discs are widely used to catch atmosphere Causing the bright areas to appear sligthly over emphasized towards the darker areas it is their purpose to register sunny atmo sphere in picture The soft focus dises are also pushed on to the lens front mount 27 If you are desirous of further informations we recommend the following EXA Literature Instruction Booklets 1 Macrophotographie Photomicrography 2 The Ihagee Vielzweck Multicombination Our works will be pleased to place these booklets at your disposal if desired Special Literatur Foto Exkursionen mit der EXA by Werner Wurst Published by W Knapp Halle Saale This book is available only in German at special book stores IHAGEE CAMERA WORKS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT DRESDEN A 16 Germany DRESDEN A 16 Printed in Germany Form 215 15 5710 Ag 10 0171 57 86 15 657
12. front element of the lens should be protected by a lens cover whic must be taken off before making an exposure To remove the lens press the lens catch 24 lightly towards the lens Ill 8 and holding the lens by the badk ring turn it to the left until the red mark on the camera 31 comes to lie opposite the red dot on the lens 32 and the lens can be lifted from ihe camera body To insert a lens this procedure is reversed Insert lens 23 into ihe bayonet mount so that the red mark on the lens 81 comes to lie against the red mark on the camera body 32 Now the lens is turned to the right until it is heard to slip into the catch 24 on the camera 7 m s mo The best way to arrive at critical sharpness is to turn the distance ring 25 to and fro until the main subject appears absolutely sharp on the focusing screen in the finder hood The figure on the distance ring 25 that comes to lie opposite the red mark indicates to which distance the lens is set lens to sub ject distance lll 9 11 The diaphragm is adjusted by turning the knurled stop ring 26 until the stop required is opposite the red mark The figures on the ring indicate the effective lens opening i e low figures 2 9 4 ete large aperture short exposure time high figures 22 16 etc small aperture long exposure time When increasing or decreasing the lens aperture shorter or longer exposure time is required namely for one
13. g screen so that no stray light can get into the camera Therefore no image is visible when a picture has been taken and the shutter has not been wound up again The shutter speeds are set by means of the lever 14 it does not matter wether this is done before or after winding up the shutter The mark on the lever must come to lie against the mark of the speed required 6 The figures engraved on the camera top plate indicate fractions of seconds so that e g 25 stands for 1 5 sec Release by pressing the shutter release knob 27 gently lll 7 A cable release can be screwed into the release button 5 m7 4 only The ground glass image is always strict ly the same as the future photograph That is the reason why the ground glass image is the decisive factor for all operations which lead to taking a picture composition choice of frame critical focusing stopping down The degree of brightness of the ground glass image even permits of determining the exposure time fairly accurately If there is no image visible in the finder hood wind the film transport knob 4 once in the direction of the arrow as far as it will go Before shutting the finder hood make sure that the focusing magnifier is in its neutral vertical position Section E Then beginning at either side fold down the side walls the back wall 19 and finally the front part until it snaps into position Ill 5 us 4 screw thread
14. ith a soft chamois leather or a piece of soft linen that will not ravel out We would advise against tampering with the camera mechanism under any circumstances Only expert mechanics being able to do repairs properly our advice to you is to have repairs done in our works whenever that is possible 24 K EXA accessories The EXA takes practically all EXAKTA accessories with the exception the everready case of ihe EXAKTA Special lenses with focal lengths exceed ing 100 mm cannot be used unconditionally in the EXA vignette The EXA Everready Case has been designed to protect the camera without impairing its operative speed All mechanical parts which are important for picture taking can be operated even if the camera in the case A camera retaining screw with tripod socket secures the camera in the carrying case for safety Ill 33 m 33 25 Other accessories The Giant Release Button 34 is screwed into the shutter release knob 27 whose ellec live surface it increases It allows of releasing the shutter with ease and security when wearing gloves or when the fingers are numb with cold Colour Filters Tho purpose of filters in black and white photography is to render the colours of the object to be photographed in the grey tone values that correspond to the impression received by the human eye as the film registers several colours otherwise than the human eye All fillers are corrective fil
15. nto hollow part of cartridge so that the groove of the pivot 7 engages in the bar of the centre spool The cartridge must not be larger than 17 DE ed Filmtransport If there no image visible in the finder hood wind film transport knob 4 up to the stop in the direction of the arrow Release by pressing shutier release knob 27 first blind expo sure Wind knob 4 again up to the stop and release again second blind exposure Wind film transport knob a third time as far as it will go an unexposed piece of film is brought into position in the image frame 8 Now set picture counter 15 by turning the milled knob with the right hand forefinger in the direction of the arrow 27 until No 1 points to the picture 24 the chamber 2 else it will not be possible to shut the camera Make sure that the free end of the film runs straight into the film track 9 film guide the emulsion mal side of the film show ing towards the lens Take care not to pull more than 10 em of film from the cartridge Remove take up spool from film chamber 3 and push free end of film under spring of take up spool until film keeps fast 24 The film is wound into the take up spool with the emulsion side outwards see Diagramm 25 Insert take up spool 5 again and make sure that the groove of the pivot of the film transport knob 4 en gages in the bar of the centre spool The strip of film must r
16. r the EXA has recently become available with pre set iris diaphragm as an optional extra These lenses may recognized by the adjustable stop ringR Having decided the aperture to use for your picture press the knurled stop ring towards the camera body Now turn the normal iris ring until the required stop number is set against the red mark and release the stop ring which will spring back to its original position For critical focusing use the lens at full aperture and immediately before releasing the shutter turn the diaphragm ring up to the stop an operation which is carried out by feel alone and without the necessity to move the camera from the sighting position 10 Extent depth of field 50 mm lenses distances between object to be photographed and image plane are indicated in m s Lens focusing ring set at PERNICE 10 5 33 25 TA uzg 2098 685 400 287 225 184 159 132 114 1905 650 388 281 219 184 148 126 7d 1465 602 336 272 216 178 154 129 112 i 3136 747 297 228 190 153 129 ise 1050 520 205 171 149 125 109 932 322 243 199 158 133 73 430 202 190 1 00 iat 120 1 06 B does L 1508 308 267 215 168 140 i 538 355 264 150 133 114 1 01 SR 00 450 307 240 182 149 mm 333
17. ters they lighten ob jects of their own colour while darkening those of their complementary colour e g a yellow filter will produce tones of a lighter gray for the yellow areas and darker gray tones for the blue areas of the object for to the human eye yellow ap pears tobe thelightest and blue the darkest colour Consequently the blue sky will appear darker in the picture and the white clouds will offer a good contrast The results obtained when using filters 34 26 further depend upon the light conditions and the colour sensitivity of the film used For more detailed information consult the technical literature The filters are pushed on to the lens front mount The filter mounts will take if required lens hood or a soft focus dise As the colour filters cut out certain parts of the light an increase in exposure time is necessary when using them Yellow filters light and medium 2 3 times the normal exposure time Green filters light 8 times the normal exposure time Blue filters light times the normal exposure time Red filters light 8 times the normal exposure time The Lens Hood 34 is far more important than is generally believed It protects the lens not only against frontal stray light when photographing against the sun but in every case against side stray light and glares enhancing thereby the contrasts in the picture The lens hood is pushed on to the lens front mount or the front ring of the
18. un perfectly straight from film tradc to film transport sprockets 10 and take up spool Ill 26 When closing camera back 11 make sure that cartridge film and spool are kept in their proper positions Now to blind exposures must be made Open finder hood 18 as described in Section B 11 25 18 counting mark and the camera is ready for the first real exposure If one does not wish to rewind the exposed film after 36 exposures into the cartridge but to remove it from the camera in a second cartridge the procedure is strictly the same as described above Simply remove take up spool 5 and replace it by a second cartridge Spare cartridges are on sale for this purpose or used ones may be employed In order to load the cartridge open it and fix film on its centre spool Place it into film chamber and make sure that the pivot of the film transport knob 4 engages in the bar of the centre spool and that the film wound up emulsion side outwards Illustration 28 shows the path the film must take 19 29 is pushed at once towards the camera badk and springs bad again Ill 30 Ti on the other hand the film is wound into an empty cartridge instead of into the take up spool only 36 exposures can be made As soon as the counter 15 points to 36 make two more blind exposures so that all 36 exposed frames will disappear into the cartridge Open camera back take out feeder cartridge open
19. which means a moment before the entire picture gate isilluminated The upper contact nipple 29 belongs to the F contact and is designed to accept the contact plug of the Ihagee Flashgun 111 32 or of any other regular flash equipment The EXA F contact permits employing such lamps as the small moderately priced F 19 of RFT Electrotedinik Eisenach the Osram XM 1 and XM 5 and the H Flashlight For flash exposures the EXA has two synchronized contacts the X contact and the F contact The X contact is closed as soon as light falls on the entire picture gate The lower contact nipple 30 belongs to the X contact This is where the contact plugs of Tash tube equipment Ill 81 electronic flash units are inserted The shutter setting in connection with electronic flashes has to be 1 so see The flash duration is equal to the burning period of the flash tube which as is 1 s to 1 so09 sec This is sulliciently short to capture the quickest movement Literature on electronic flash units is available at the special dealers or straight from the manufacturers With the shutter set at the X contact also synchronizes all regular flash units according to the open flash method 22 Philips PF 1 and PF 5 or American flash bulbs Amplex No 5 Dura Flash No 5 General Electric Ph 5 Westinghouse No 5 shutter speed 1 25 sec The actual flash duration is equal to the burning period of the flash bulb and
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