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Avaya Configuring PPP Services User's Manual

1. Router A Router B Synchronous Line PPP0004A 2 18 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts LOR Period Packets Router A Packets Router B Outbound Link Transmitted Received Quality Router A 1 100 100 100 2 100 100 100 3 100 100 100 4 100 100 100 5 100 100 100 Outbound average after 5 LQR periods 100 LOR Period Packets Router A Packets Router B Inbound Link Received Transmitted Quality Router A 1 90 100 90 2 90 100 90 3 90 100 90 4 90 100 90 5 90 100 90 Inbound average after 5 LQR periods 90 Figure 2 5 Link Quality Monitoring from Router A s Perspective In addition to LQR packets PPP periodically transmits Echo Request packets when Echo Request is enabled If the peer transmits a user specified number of Echo requests before receiving an Echo reply from its peer router the router disables the link and restarts Note Echo Requests are disabled by default and are in no way related to link quality reporting PPP Data Compression The Bay Networks data compression feature lets you reduce line costs and improve response times over wide area networks WANs running PPP 114068 Rev A 2 19 Configuring PPP Services Data compression eliminates redundancies in data streams When you use compression on your network bandwidth
2. sssssseeeeeeeennennnns 3 2 Defining an IPX Network Number and Node Number for a Remote Peer 3 3 vi 114068 Rev A Weeds Meyer dr dete T Tc 3 4 Defining a Remote AppleTalk Node Number for a Remote Peer 3 4 Defining the Apple Talk Routing Protocol iuis tecti terrace a pera b im iexn 3 4 Epabliing Bridging onan We eS S aoi reb PO rese qe bt ed tta een TR IRE 3 4 Enabling BNG sssrinin E E E E manta 3 5 Enabling Ethernet sg D TTE DO I 3 5 EFC F EDLER NII arosiad eiee Rada ert niente duse RE End cont m nner tar 3 5 Erabling Token Ring Boging 2 dieit nc EU BEER eet denn EE coined Reel PORE EE ee Pe ees 3 5 Enabling VINES support on This Intelldbe uuo date rr oa e eth Cerne et cer 3 6 Enabling DECnet IV Support on This Interface ssssssssseeeeeennnee 3 6 Enabling Data Compression on The IU Tee 1 scsciecceiscsinecctacecticstnccaadeosianciaccteasnetestn 3 7 Specifying the Type of Connection PPP Mode eeeeeeeeeeennnen eene 3 7 Setting Up a PPP Single Line CODDecliall 22i to tiia ene i Sa eeu iR ut ente x aan DE tes ans 3 7 Setting Up a PPP M ltlinie COohfgellol seco eoeocic deo pin espe co IRI o Rei ie REIS daden 3 7 setung Up a PPP Multilink CONGEGNI 2 ucecdeus sp reo pau aaa Duca 3 8 Configuring the Maximum Number of Links in a Multilink Bundle 3 8 Configuring the Maximum Number of Storage Buffers sssssssss
3. This parameter enables or disables the network control protocol for VINES It does not enable or disable VINES routing services for the interface However disabling the network control protocol for VINES stops VINES traffic from being routed over this interface Enabling DECnet IV Support on This Interface If you enabled DECnet IV support when you first configured PPP on this interface this parameter defaults to Enable otherwise the default is Disable To stop DECnet IV traffic from being routed over this interface set this parameter to Disable Site Manager DECnet IV Enable parameter page A 4 This parameter enables or disables the network control protocol for DECnet IV It does not enable or disable DECnet IV routing services for the interface However disabling the network control protocol for DECnet IV stops DECnet IV traffic from being routed over this interface 3 6 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP Enabling Data Compression on This Interface If you enabled data compression when you initially configured this interface then data compression is configured by default for PPP otherwise the default is Disable To stop compression over this interface set this parameter to Disable Site Manager CCP Enable parameter page A 6 This parameter allows or stops data compression It does not enable or disable data compression for the interface but disabling the Compression Control Protocol C
4. Max Configuration Failure Count parameter A 16 B 2 Max Configure Requests parameter A 15 B 2 Index 4 114068 Rev A Max Links parameter A 12 B 2 Max Terminate Requests parameter A 16 B 2 MCTI MCEI 2 13 media multilink 2 13 MIB objects C 1 modem control character 2 21 map 2 21 3 21 modem asynchronous 2 21 monitor congestion 2 12 2 13 link quality 2 17 3 18 monitoring PPP links 2 17 multiline 2 10 comparison with multilink 2 16 protocol prioritization 2 15 specifying A 11 multiline connection 3 7 multilink 2 11 circuit figure 2 12 comparison with multiline 2 16 configuring 2 13 2 14 endpoint discriminator 2 2 media 2 13 packet fragmentation 2 14 protocol prioritization 2 15 resequencing packets 2 14 specifying A 11 statistics 3 22 using 2 12 Multilink Fragmentation parameter A 11 B 2 N NCP See Network Control Protocol negotiated IPX network number 3 3 negotiating network layer protocols 2 8 network connection negotiating 2 8 PPP 2 1 network control protocol 2 2 Index Network Control Protocol NCP disabling 2 25 3 9 network layer 2 1 network security 2 2 2 7 nonmultilink circuit 3 7 normal connection 3 7 O Open Systems Interconnection 2 3 OSI 2 3 OSI Enable parameter A 3 B 1 OSI Network Layer Control Protocol 2 3 outbound link quality 2 18 3 21 Outbound Link Quality parameter A 22 B 3 out of sequence packets 2 14 overview PPP 2 1 P packet fragmentation 2 14
5. 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP When you delete PPP globally PPP no longer operates on the router Be aware that the Technician Interface software does not ask you to confirm your deletions Note Site Manager does not let you delete PPP globally from a router running dial on demand bandwidth on demand or dial backup Where to Go Next Go to Chapter 1 for instructions on how to start PPP on your router Go to Chapter 2 to learn more about PPP concepts and characteristics Go to Appendix A for a list of all PPP parameters Go to Appendix B for a list of PPP parameter default values Go to Appendix C for a list of the PPP statistics that you can view 114068 Rev A 3 25 Appendix A PPP Parameters This appendix lists the parameters for the PPP interfaces that you can configure on the router For each PPP parameter this appendix gives the Site Manager path the default setting all valid parameter options or ranges the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the Management Information Base MIB object ID Refer to Chapter 3 for a full description of the tasks to which these parameters pertain After you enable PPP you can edit all PPP parameters For instructions on using Site Manager to edit PPP parameters refer to Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software as appropriate for your platform Alternatively you can use Technician Interface set and commit co
6. Configuring PPP Services Router Software Version 11 0 Site Manager Software Version 5 0 Part No 114068 Rev A August 1996 n Bay Networks ES Bay Networks 4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street Santa Clara CA 95054 Billerica MA 01821 Copyright 1988 1996 Bay Networks Inc All rights reserved Printed in the USA August 1996 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Bay Networks Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 Gi of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notice for All Other Executive Agencies Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and
7. Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters Echo Reply Acceptable Loss Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 3 packets 1 through 100 Specifies the maximum number of unacknowledged Echo Reply packets that the router will transmit before declaring the point to point link down Accept the default value of 3 If you enter a different value you must set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable to implement your change 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 9 Max Configure Requests Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 10 packets 1 through 100000 Specifies the maximum number of unacknowledged Configure Request packets that the router will transmit before assuming that the peer router on the other end of the link is unable to respond The link is then brought down Valid acknowledgments include Configure ACK Configure NAK or Configure Reject packets Accept the default value of 10 If you enter a different value you must set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable to implement your change 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 10 114068 Rev A Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions M
8. This task oriented manual focuses on what you as a network manager have to do to get PPP up running and customized for your network Refer to this guide for A guide to starting PPP using all default values Chapter 1 Conceptual information to help you decide how you want to configure PPP on your network Chapter 2 Instructions on customizing PPP Chapter 3 Descriptions of PPP parameters Appendix A Default parameter settings Appendix B PPP statistics Appendix C See Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software depending on your platform for information and instructions about the following topics Initially configuring and saving a WAN interface Retrieving a configuration file Rebooting the device with a configuration file 114068 Rev A xiii Configuring PPP Services Before You Begin Before using this guide you must create and save a configuration file that contains at least one WAN interface then retrieve the configuration file in local remote or dynamic mode Refer to Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software depending on your platform for instructions on how to do these tasks Conventions angle brackets lt gt bold text brackets italic text quotation marks Screen text separator gt Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the
9. Response Center in your area for design guidelines prioritization User can specify protocol priority and or traffic filters Grouped bundled The data paths that together Lines in a bundle can have data paths make up a multiline circuit must different speeds share the same speed MTU and encapsulation method Line types Can use leased lines Can use leased as well as switched lines Protocol Automatically enabled Automatically enabled Notuser configurable Automatically assigns highest interrupt priority to LCP packets and assigns all others normal priority continued 2 16 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts Table 2 3 Comparing Multiline and Multilink continued Feature Multiline Multilink Used with these Bay Networks standard PPP only data link types synchronous Frame Relay direct mode e PPP Media supported Synchronous T1 E1 MCE1 MCT1 HSSI e Synchronous T1 E1 MCE1 MCT1 SDN B channel drivers Raise DTR V 25bis modems Packet resequencing Depends on the path selection With address based selection the default packets always arrive in sequence With random path selection packets traveling on different paths can arrive at their destination out of sequence Multilink maintains the sequence of packets sent over different lines of the link Support for bandwidth on demand No Yes Miscellaneous
10. 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 44 A 10 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters PPP Mode Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces Multilink for a dial on demand or bandwidth on demand circuit Normal for a nonmultilink circuit Normal for a nonmultilink circuit Multilink Monitor for a dial on demand or bandwidth on demand circuit Normal Multilink for all other circuit types Specifies the type of multiline or multilink connection on this interface The set of available options depends on the type of circuit you re configuring Select one of the following values Normal to configure a nonmultilink circuit Multilink to enable the multilink feature Monitor to designate the local router as the multilink monitor 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 50 Multilink Fragmentation Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces Permitted Permitted Prohibited This parameter is active only for multilink Allows packet fragmentation on multilink circuits when needed Accept the default Permitted if you want to allow multilink packet fragmentation Otherwise specify Prohibited 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 51 114068 Rev A Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function In
11. 7 10 xx to Version 11 PPP Interoperability Bay Networks implementation of PPP conforms to the RFCs listed in the previous section therefore it can interoperate with routers that also conform to the same standards If you have questions about whether a particular router can interoperate with your Bay Networks router running PPP Version 11 0 please contact the Bay Networks Technical Response Center for your area as listed in About This Guide 2 24 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts Stopping the Flow of Traffic over a PPP Interface To stop traffic from routing over a PPP interface either disable the Network Control Protocol NCP for the upper level routing protocol or disable the upper level protocol itself For example if you disable the NCP for IP even though IP is still enabled on the interface it is no longer able to route traffic over the interface See Disabling Network Control Protocols in Chapter 3 for instructions on disabling NCP parameters Disabling the routing protocol running on top of the PPP interface also automatically disables the NCP for the routing protocol For example if you disable IP on an interface you disable the NCP for IP as well Where to Go Next Go to Chapter 1 for instructions on how to start PPP on your router Go to Chapter 3 for instructions on how to customize a PPP interface Go to Appendix A for a description of PPP parameters Go to Appendix B for a list of PPP parameter default v
12. Accept the default Enable if you want the remote peer router to maintain an LOR timer for the interface Reset this parameter to Disable if you do not want the peer to maintain the LQR timer for the interface Specifying the Link Quality Reporting Period The LQR Reporting Period parameter specifies the maximum number of seconds between the transmission of LQR packets Site Manager LQR Reporting Period parameter page A 21 Enter a number representing the interval between the transmission of LOR packets The value of this parameter can be from 1 through 120 seconds The default value is 3 seconds Specifying the Inbound Link Quality The Inbound Link Quality parameter specifies the minimum acceptable success rate percentage of packets the peer router transmits and this router receives on this interface over the last 5 LQR reporting periods Site Manager Inbound Link Quality parameter page A 22 If the percentage drops below the inbound link quality you specify the router brings down the link until the percentage increases to an acceptable level The default value for this parameter is 90 percent You can specify values in the range 1 through 100 percent 3 20 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP Specifying the Outbound Link Quality The Outbound Link Quality parameter specifies the minimum acceptable success rate percentage of packets the router transmits and the peer router receives on t
13. Address based selection does not always result in even traffic distribution across all data paths Random selection provides for even traffic distribution All lines in a circuit must negotiate and perform multilink You cannot use nonmultilink lines in a circuit with multilink lines All data packets sent over a PPP multilink circuit travel as multilink packets Monitoring PPP Link Quality To ensure that the router can successfully transfer data PPP monitors the quality of the point to point link with Link Quality Monitoring LQM and Link Quality Report LQR packets PPP supports LQM over standard synchronous interfaces only PPP does not support LOM over High speed Serial Interfaces ASSI BNX software however does support LQM and LQR over HSSI interfaces 114068 Rev A 2 17 Configuring PPP Services Note PPP uses LQM and LQR only if you set the Link Quality Protocol parameter to LINKQR The default is None When you enable link quality monitoring through the Link Quality Protocol you are turning on monitoring only for the local router For link quality monitoring to be operational it only has to be enabled on one side of the link If two routers are configured for different link quality reporting periods they negotiate to the lower value so that the LQR period will be the same on both sides of the link LQR packets contain counters of incoming and outgoing data packets for the routers
14. Configuring PPP Services The async control character map consists of 32 bits Each bit corresponds to one control character 0x00 the right end of the map through Ox1F the left end of the map that is O through 31 decimal The actual map is a value used essentially as a mask For example the default map value 0xA0000 655360 decimal allows the escaping of the control characters 0x11 XON and 0x13 XOFF if they occur in the data stream Almost all modems need only this default value The characters Ox7D and Ox7E are special characters that are always escaped in asynchronous data transmission Chapter 3 describes how to build a customized async control character map PPP Line Parameters When you enable PPP on a circuit the default PPP automatically sets the line parameters shown in Table 2 4 These parameters are the same for both synchronous and asynchronous connections Table 2 4 PPP Line Parameter Values Parameter Value BOFL Disable Promiscuous Enable Service Transparent WAN Protocol PPP Depending on the configuration you may have to specify explicitly certain other parameters For more information on these parameters refer to Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software as appropriate for your platform Configuring IP to Run over PPP Interfaces When you enable numbered Internet Protocol IP support on a PPP interface you must also configure an adjacent host
15. PPP Services Editing PPP Line Parameters If you change any of the parameters in the following list and you are dynamically configuring a router that has already negotiated its Link Control Protocol you must force LCP renegotiation on the interface to implement your changes To do this disable and then re enable the Enable LCP parameter Echo Reply Acceptable Loss Max Configure Requests Max Terminate Requests Max Configuration Failure Count Local Authentication Protocol Local PAP ID Local PAP Password Remote PAP ID Remote PAP Password Link Quality Protocol Peer Link Quality Report Timer LQR Reporting Period CHAP Secret CHAP Local Name CHAP Periodic Timer Asynchronous Control Character Map Authentication Timer Convergence Timer Magic Num Disable You can change as many parameters as necessary before forcing the renegotiation After making all your changes to these parameters 1 Set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable and if necessary apply the changes 3 10 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP 2 Reset the Enable LCP parameter to Enable and if necessary apply the changes Enabling Link Control on a Line The Link Control Protocol LCP is enabled by default on the interface Disabling the Enable LCP parameter generates a close event to the LCP and enabling this event generates an open event to the LCP A major use of this sequence is to force LCP renegotiation on the interface duri
16. Request Send Configure Request Send Configure ACK Send Configure ACK 2 LCP opened begin authentication phase PAP or CHAP PAP CHAP Send Authenticate Request gt Challenge gt lt Send Authenticate ACK lt Response Response Match gt Shows Router A initiating authentication Router B can also initiate authentication 3 Authentication complete begin NCP negotiations Send Configure Request Send Configure Request Send Configure ACK Send Configure ACK 4 NCP open begin transmitting data SendData gt Figure 2 2 Initializing the PPP Interface 2 6 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts Authenticating the PPP Link PAP and CHAP In the authentication phase of PPP initialization one or both peer routers enable either Password Authentication Protocol PAP or Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP Authentication is optional for leased lines but required for switched dial up lines You can optionally specify a time limit for authentication on switched lines Password Authentication Protocol PAP imposes network security by requiring the peer router to send a PAP packet that contains a plain text user identifier and password to the originating router before the interface can advance to the network layer protocol phase If PAP fails the network admini
17. Token Ring networks incompatibilities 2 23 traffic congestion monitor 2 13 load balancing 2 14 transmission parameters 3 11 Index U unnumbered interface 3 3 using PPP multilink 2 12 V V 25bis modem 2 13 V 35 2 13 Versions 5 x 7 x 8 x 9 x and 10 x router software 2 23 VINES Enable parameter A 6 B 1 VINES Network Control Protocol 2 3 VINES support enabling 3 6 Virtual Networking System VINES 2 3 W WAN 2 19 data paths 2 10 protocols 1 1 1 2 WAN Protocol synchronous line parameter 2 22 wfPppCircuitEntry MIB 3 22 A 2 wfPppCircuitMaxBuffers 3 22 3 23 wfPppCircuitMaxLinks 3 22 wfPppCircuitMlFragPerm 3 22 wfPppCircuitMIFragTriggerSize 3 22 wfPppLineEntry MIB A 13 wfPppMIStatsAvgTxListLen C 1 wfPppMIStatsBundleSpd C 1 wfPppMlIsStatsCalcPercent C 2 wfPppMlIsStatsCircuitID C 1 wfPppMIStatsEntry MIB 3 23 wfPppMIStatsExceededBufferMax A 13 C 2 wfPppMIStatsHomeSlot C 1 wfPppMlIsStatsLineCnt C 1 wfPppMIStatsLinkIdleEvents C 2 wfPppMlStatsNumPktsFragmented 3 23 C 2 114068 Rev A Index 7 Configuring PPP Services wfPppMIStatsReasmBufferMax 3 23 wfPppMIStatsReasmFails 3 23 C 1 wfPppMIStatsReassmBufferCnt 3 23 C 2 wfPppMIStatsReassmBufferMax C 2 wfPppMIStatsReSeqBufferCnt 3 23 C 2 wfPppMIStatsReSeqBufferMax 3 23 C 2 wfPppMIStatsRxOctets C 1 wfPppMIStatsRxPkts C 1 wfPppMIStatsSeqNumberArrivedLate C 1 wfPppMIStatsSeqNumberLost C 1 wfPppMIStatsTxOctets C 1 wfPppMIStatsTxPkts C 1 wfSyncEntr
18. disable IP routing services for the interface it affects the Network Control Protocol for IP However disabling the Network Control Protocol for IP stops IP traffic from being routed over this interface To stop IP traffic from being routed over this interface set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 12 A 2 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters OSI Enable Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces If you enable Open Systems Interconnect OSI support when you configure PPP on this interface this parameter is automatically set to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the Network Control Protocol for OSI This parameter does not enable or disable OSI routing services for the interface it affects the Network Control Protocol for OSI However disabling the Network Control Protocol for OSI stops OSI traffic from being routed over this interface To stop OSI traffic from being routed over this interface set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 13 XNS Enable Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces If you enable XNS support when you configure PPP on this interface this parameter is automatically set to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the
19. disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Trademarks of Bay Networks Inc ACE AFN BCN BLN BN CN FRE LN Optivity SynOptics SynOptics Communications Wellfleet and the Wellfleet logo are registered trademarks and AN ANH ASN BaySIS BayStack BCNX BLNX BNX EZ Internetwork EZ LAN FN PathMan PhonePlus PPX Quick2Config RouterMan SPEX Bay Networks Bay Networks Press the Bay Networks logo and the SynOptics logo are trademarks of Bay Networks Inc Third Party Trademarks All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Bay Networks Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Bay Networks Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product are Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such po
20. efficiency improves and you can transmit more data over a given amount of network bandwidth Bay Networks data compression services for PPP include e Software based compression for all platforms and all serial interfaces e Hardware based data compression for PPP networks that use the octal synchronous link module for the Backbone Node BN using only FRE 2 processors Bay Networks provides hardware compression as an optional daughterboard that attaches to the octal synchronous link module e Hardware based data compression for PPP networks that use the octal synchronous link module for the Access Stack Node ASN using any link module Bay Networks provides hardware compression as an optional daughterboard You can use data compression on all PPP circuits including multiline multilink bandwidth on demand dial on demand and dial backup lines You can use compression separately on each member of a multilink bundle When you use compression on a bandwidth on demand dial on demand or dial backup circuit the data compression feature automatically configures or deletes compression as lines are added to or removed from the circuit For complete descriptions of hardware and software data compression descriptions of compression parameters and instructions for configuring compression over a PPP interface see Configuring Data Compression Services Synchronous versus Asynchronous Connections When you configure a dial switched cir
21. minimum size for fragmenting 2 15 out of sequence 2 14 resequencing 2 14 PAP 2 2 2 7 2 9 3 13 customizing 3 15 setting parameters A 17 use with dial services 3 15 PAP ID identification mechanism 2 9 local 3 15 remote 3 16 PAP parameters Enable PAP Fallback A 20 B 3 Local PAP ID B 2 local PAP ID A 18 Local PAP Password B 2 local PAP password A 18 Remote PAP ID A 19 B 2 Remote PAP Password A 19 B 2 114068 Rev A Index 5 Configuring PPP Services PAP password local 3 15 remote 3 16 PAP reject allowing 3 16 parameter descriptions A 1 Password Authentication Protocol PAP 2 7 2 9 3 13 setting parameters A 17 peer definition 2 12 IP address 3 2 Peer Link Quality Report Timer parameter A 21 B 3 physical media multilink 2 13 Point to Point network connection 2 1 Point to Point Protocol See PPP PPP concepts 2 1 configuring 1 1 customizing 3 1 data compression 2 19 definition 1 1 deleting 3 24 encapsulated frame 2 9 initializing on an interface 2 4 multiline 2 10 multilink 2 11 parameter descriptions A 1 starting 1 1 statistics C 1 tasks 1 2 PPP Interfaces window A 13 PPP Line Lists window A 13 PPP Mode parameter 2 13 3 7 A 11 B 2 prioritization BNX software 2 15 protocol 2 15 Promiscuous synchronous line parameter 2 22 protocol data link contro 2 2 network control 2 2 2 3 routing 1 2 WAN 1 2 protocol prioritization definition 2 15 multiline and multilink 2 15 pr
22. not have to have the same network number PPP negotiates the higher of the two numbers In addition the negotiated IPX network number can be 0 on both sides of the link In this case IPX defines the link s network number Be aware that the value for this parameter depends on the IPX configuration for this interface For information about IPX and PPP interaction refer to Configuring IPX Services 2 Enter the IPX node number for the remote node to use Site Manager IPX Remote Node Number parameter page A 8 114068 Rev A 3 3 Configuring PPP Services If you want to specify an IPX node number for the remote peer to use enter it here The interface uses this IPX remote node number in its NCP negotiations Configuring AppleTalk To enable AppleTalk on the interface configure an AppleTalk node number and the AppleTalk routing update protocol for the remote peer to use Defining a Remote AppleTalk Node Number for a Remote Peer If you want to specify an AppleTalk node number that the peer router should use enter it here This interface includes this AppleTalk node number in its Network Control Protocol negotiations Enter the AppleTalk node number for the remote peer to use There is no default value you can enter any valid AppleTalk node number Site Manager Remote AppleTalk Node parameter page A 8 Defining the AppleTalk Routing Protocol You can specify the AppleTalk routing update proto
23. of packets e Link configuration packets including Configure Request Configure ACK Configure NAK and Configure Reject packets Link termination packets including Terminate Request and Terminate ACK packets e Link maintenance packets including Code Reject Protocol Reject Echo Request and Echo Reply packets When two routers initialize a PPP dialogue each of them sends a Configure Request packet to the other peer router Each Configure Request packet contains a list of LCP options and corresponding values that the sending router uses to define its end of the link 2 4 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts For example a Configure Request packet may specify the link s maximum transmission unit MTU size and whether the sender wants to use Password Authentication Protocol PAP or Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP The Configure Request packet contains the user configured values which the sender and its peer router may need to negotiate Each router receives a Configure Request packet from its peer Each router responds with one of three types of packets e Configure ACK If a router accepts the proposed LCP options it responds with a Configure Acknowledgment ACK packet When the routers on each side of the link send and receive Configure ACK packets the LCP advances to an open state which means that the PPP interface can advance to the next phase e Configure Reject If the Configure Request p
24. packet 2 4 2 5 3 13 setting maximum number A 16 Configure Reject packet 2 4 2 5 3 13 Configure Request packet 2 4 maximum number 3 12 setting maximum number A 15 configuring multilink 2 13 PPP on a circuit 1 1 configuring PPP interfaces guidelines 2 1 congestion monitor 2 12 2 13 connection multiline 3 7 normal 3 7 single line 3 7 convergence timer 3 13 Convergence Timer parameter A 26 B 3 Customer Service FTP xix customer support See getting help D data compression 2 19 3 7 A 6 enabling on PPP interface A 6 data link control protocol 2 2 authentication 2 7 data link layer 2 1 data path WAN 2 10 datagram encapsulation 2 1 2 8 DECnet IV Enable parameter A 4 B 1 DECnet IV support enabling 3 6 DECnet Phase IV Control Protocol 2 3 defaults interface parameters B 1 line parameters B 2 Index 2 114068 Rev A deleting PPP 3 24 dial backup 2 10 A 23 dial services 2 9 bandwidth on demand 2 10 dial backup 2 10 dial on demand 2 10 identification mechanism 2 7 PPP support 2 9 dial on demand 2 10 A 23 implementation notes 2 15 dial up line PPP support 2 9 See also dial services differences between multiline and multilink 2 16 disabling loopback detection 3 24 A 26 dotted decimal notation 3 2 DSO 2 12 E Echo Reply Acceptable Loss parameter A 15 B 2 Echo Reply packet 2 4 acceptable loss 3 12 Echo Request packet 2 4 2 19 setting interval 3 12 Enable LCP paramete
25. packets transmitted by multilink Comparing this to the numberof packets fragmented wfPppMiStatsNumPktsFragmented helps you see how well the link is doing and whether you need to adjust parameters such as the minimum size of packets to be considered for fragmentation wfPppM1StatsReasmFails is an event counter of failures to reassemble a fragmented packet If this number is high either you re losing fragments or your reassembly buffer count is at or near the maximum number of buffers allowed as indicated in wfPppCircuitMaxBuffers Reset the maximum number of buffers allowed to a higher number wfPppMlIStatsReassmBufferCnt is the number of fragments that the receiver has stored pending reassembly Typically this number is higher in configurations with greatly differing line speeds If this number is constantly at or near the maximum number of buffers allowed as indicated in wfPppCircuitMaxBuffers reset the maximum number of buffers allowed to a higher number wfPppMlStatsReassmBufferMax is the maximum number that wfPppMlStatsReassmBufferCnt ever reached 114068 Rev A 3 23 Configuring PPP Services wfPppMliStatsExceededBufferMax indicates the number of times the sum of wfPppMIStatsReassmBufferCnt and wfPppMIStatsReSeqBufferCnt exceeded the specified maximum allowable number of buffers as indicated in wfPppCircuitMaxBuffers As a side effect of reaching or exceeding wfPppMIStatsExceededBufferMax you may see the value of wfP
26. 180 33 92 966 998 81 3 5402 0173 114068 Rev A xxi Chapter 1 Starting PPP PPP is a standard point to point protocol for sending data packets over serial synchronous and asynchronous lines This chapter tells you how to configure PPP on a circuit using all default values Once you ve done that you can customize the configuration as needed Chapter 2 PPP Concepts gives you detailed background information on PPP to help you make appropriate customizing choices Chapter 3 Customizing PPP describes how to change the default settings after you ve configured the circuit Configuring PPP on a Circuit To configure PPP on a circuit using default values for all parameters 1 Prepare the configuration file e Create and save a configuration file that contains at least one WAN interface Retrieve the configuration file in local remote or dynamic mode e Open the configuration file 2 Select the circuit you want to configure e If this is a local mode configuration file specify the router hardware Select the link or net module connector on which you are enabling PPP 3 Enable PPP on the interface If you are using Site Manager a Select PPP from the WAN Protocols menu 114068 Rev A Configuring PPP Services This menu appears after you select a link or net module connector that requires a WAN circuit b Click on OK to enable default PPP service The Configurat
27. 3 8 Configuring Multilink Fragmentation 12iuidauiueecaacs aduana ea b acuta aci d nian coca asta aeta n 3 9 Disabling Network Control PTODDODIB dios didici ean acted yraiect canis rea erbe ip cba Sedit aui ddsen 3 9 SURO RM PPr EMSS 6e re Fra OR deiade dir dp d saca a arian 3 9 Editing PPP Line Parameters PEE E E EUR d EE dus Rem td TE 3 10 Enabling My aro dos Ro pT R P 3 11 OEIC Iransmissiorr Parametere autc rules ada bnduse ned dne Esa addc txt daia td Fut ENA fau 3 11 oui dis MSSUSPE TIRE duties bi tesa epe bsrtddedio a 3 11 Specifying the Interval between Echo Request Packets ssssssssss 3 12 Specifying the Acceptable Level of Echo Reply Packet Loss 3 12 Specifying the Maximum Number of Configure Request Packets 3 12 Specifying the Maximum Number of Terminate Request Packets 3 12 Specifying the Maximum Configuration Failure Count esssessss 3 13 Setting a Time Limit tor Conver SiC icai aoc crai ded qu pco tend Rie ab Iu R e Ranae ier ahadde 3 13 Customizing PPP Authentication Parameters sssssssseeeeeeennnene 3 13 Setting a Time Limit for Authentication TUE PAPE 3 14 de ue ur rn FA ecarri ETE 3 15 Bpacitying Local PAP IPSIRIIGIOER i iiinadusceas cies padac audebit deaurata nada rdc 3 15 Specifying PAP Parameters for the Remote Peer sses
28. B 1 IPXCP 2 3 ISDN B channel 2 12 2 13 L LCP renegotiating 3 2 3 10 LCP See Link Control Protocol leased line 2 10 Line Lists window A 13 line parameters 3 10 A 13 line statistics calculating and viewing 3 22 Lines button A 13 link establishing 2 4 logical communications line 2 12 routing using PPP 2 3 link configuration packet 2 4 Link Control Protocol definition 2 4 negotiations Configure Ack 2 5 negotiations Configure NAK 2 5 negotiations Configure Reject 2 5 negotiations Configure Request 2 4 renegotiation 3 2 link control enabling 3 11 link maintenance packet 2 4 link monitoring 2 17 setting parameters A 20 link quality inbound 3 20 inbound and outbound 2 18 outbound 3 21 link quality monitoring 2 17 3 18 3 19 compatibility 2 23 Link Quality Protocol parameter 2 2 2 18 A 20 B 3 link quality report 2 17 3 18 3 19 period 3 20 timekeeper 3 19 link termination packet 2 4 LINKQR 2 18 LN 2 11 local authentication protocol 3 14 Local Authentication Protocol parameter A 17 B 2 local name CHAP 3 17 local PAP ID 3 15 Local PAP ID parameter A 18 local PAP password 3 15 Local PAP Password parameter A 18 loopback detection 3 24 A 26 disabling detection 2 23 LOM See link quality monitoring LQR Reporting Period parameter 3 20 A 21 B 3 LQR See link quality report M Magic Num Disable parameter 3 24 A 26 B 3 map async control character 2 21 3 21 Max Buffers parameter A 13 B 2
29. CP stops data compression over this interface Specifying the Type of Connection PPP Mode The PPP Mode parameter indicates the type of connection on this interface single line multiline multilink or multilink monitor This section deals with how you set up each of these PPP modes Setting Up a PPP Single Line Connection Your choice of options depends on the type of circuit you re configuring Site Manager PPP Mode parameter page A 11 For any nonmultilink circuit use Normal as the parameter value This is the default for any nonmultilink circuit Setting Up a PPP Multiline Connection As for a single line connection use Normal as the parameter value for a multiline connection This is the default for any nonmultilink circuit Site Manager PPP Mode parameter page A 11 For a description of the differences between multiline and multilink connections see Differences between Multiline and Multilink in Chapter 2 For more information about multiline connections refer to Configuring Dial Services 114068 Rev A 3 7 Configuring PPP Services Setting Up a PPP Multilink Connection For a multilink connection you have more options Site Manager PPP Mode parameter page A 11 Set the PPP Mode parameter to Multilink to configure the circuit for multilink operation Set it to Monitor if you want the local router to serve as the congestion monitor for the multilink
30. Configure NAK and Configure Reject packets Network options include which network addresses to use and which media types to bridge Once both peer routers agree upon network options the network control protocol reaches the open state The routers then begin transmitting user data packets for any upper layer protocols over the link Datagram Encapsulation Before transmitting data across the link PPP encapsulates data in a frame similar to a high level data link control HDLC frame Figure 2 3 2 8 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts PPP Frame Flag Address Control Protocol Data FCS Flag 1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 2 bytes Variable 20r4 1 byte bytes PPP 0003A Figure 2 3 PPP Encapsulated Frame The parts of the PPP frame function as follows The Flag field marks the beginning and end of a frame Peers on synchronous lines exchange flags continuously when there are no frames to transmit The Address field indicates which device originated the frame The Control field shows the frame type information or administrative The Protocol field indicates the operative network layer protocol The Data field contains the data one link sends to the other Its length is less than or equal to the MTU line size The default maximum length is 1594 bytes LCP negotiations determine the actual length The Frame Check Sequence FCS field shows the sequence order of the frame router hardware computes the FCS A 16 or 32 b
31. IB Object ID Max Terminate Requests Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 2 packets 1 through 100 Specifies the maximum number of unacknowledged Terminate Request packets that the router transmits before assuming that the peer router on the other end of the link is unable to respond The valid acknowledgment is a Terminate ACK packet Accept the default value of 2 If you enter a different value you must set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable to implement your change 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 11 Max Configuration Failure Count Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 10 1 through 100 Specifies the maximum number of Configure NAK packets the router sends before sending a Configure Reject packet for those options that it does not agree with Accept the default value of 10 If you enter a different value you must set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable to implement your change 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 12 A 16 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters Local Authentication Protocol Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines CHAP for dial services None for all others None PAPAUTH CHAP Specifies the type of authentication protocol that this interface uses none PAP Password Auth
32. Network Control Protocol for XNS This parameter does not enable or disable XNS routing services for the interface it affects the Network Control Protocol for XNS However disabling the Network Control Protocol for XNS stops XNS traffic from being routed over this interface To stop XNS traffic from being routed over this interface set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 14 114068 Rev A A 3 Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID DECnet IV Enable Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces If you enable DECnet IV support when you configure PPP on this interface this parameter is automatically set to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the Network Control Protocol for DECnet IV This parameter does not enable or disable DECnet IV routing services for the interface it affects the Network Control Protocol for DECnet IV However disabling the Network Control Protocol for DECnet IV stops DECnet IV traffic from being routed over this interface To stop DECnet IV traffic from being routed over this interface set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 15 AppleTalk Enable Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces If you enable AppleTalk support when you configure PPP on this interface this parame
33. PPP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable LCP Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables the Link Control Protocol LCP on the PPP interface Disabling this parameter generates a close event to LCP Similarly enabling this parameter generates an open event to LCP Disabling then re enabling this parameter forces the interface to renegotiate the link To disable LCP on this interface set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 2 Restart Timer in Seconds Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 3 seconds 1 through 1000 Specifies the number of seconds that the Restart Timer waits before retransmitting data Accept the default value of 3 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 7 Seconds between Xmit of Echo Request Protocols PPP Interfaces Lines 0 seconds 0 through 100 Specifies the number of seconds that the router waits between the transmission of Echo Request packets A value of 0 means that this parameter is turned off Accept the default value of O or enter an integer value in the range 0 through 100 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 8 A 14 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Range Function
34. ROM sent quarterly to all contracted customers is a complete Bay Networks Service troubleshooting knowledge database with an intelligent text search engine The Support Source CD contains extracts from our problem tracking database information from the Bay Networks Forum on CompuServe comprehensive technical documentation such as Customer Support Bulletins Release Notes software patches and fixes and complete information on all Bay Networks Service programs You can run a single version on Macintosh Windows 3 1 Windows 95 Windows NT DOS or UNIX computing platforms A Web links feature enables you to go directly from the CD to various Bay Networks Web pages CompuServe For assistance with noncritical network support issues Bay Networks Information Services maintain an active forum on CompuServe a global bulletin board system This forum provides file services technology conferences and a message section to get assistance from other users The message section is monitored by Bay Networks engineers who provide assistance wherever possible Customers and resellers holding Bay Networks service contracts also have access to special libraries for advanced levels of support documentation and software To take advantage of CompuServe s recently enhanced menu options the Bay Networks Forum has been re engineered to allow links to our Web sites and FTP sites We recommend the use of CompuServe Information Manager software to acce
35. When you enable multilink you can configure a set of links between two peers into a single bundle which can consist of up to 30 links possibly of different bandwidths The practical maximum number of lines depends on factors such as the amount of memory the number of lines configured the speed of those lines the packet sizes and the traffic patterns With multilink configured leased lines in a bundle can be on different router slots Multilink distributes traffic over each logical line in a bundle in an amount roughly proportional to the effective bandwidth of the link With multilink and bandwidth on demand enabled you can configure one side of the link as the congestion monitor This router monitors network traffic and line usage When the traffic exceeds a user specified threshold the bandwidth on demand monitor can bring up a secondary line Figure 2 4 shows a configuration that uses the multilink feature Circuit LAN LAN Bundle with 2 Links PPP0005A Figure 2 4 Multilink Circuit 2 12 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts As Figure 2 4 shows a bundle is a logical connection between two routers Once you have configured a circuit for multilink or bandwidth on demand operation it always uses PPP multilink encapsulation All lines in a circuit must negotiate and perform multilink You cannot pair non multilink lines with multilink lines in a circuit Multilink can resequence packe
36. ace However disabling the network control protocol for the bridge stops traffic from being bridged over this interface Enabling Ethernet Bridging If you want PPP to accept and forward Ethernet encapsulated bridged traffic set this parameter to Enable the default Set this parameter to Disable if you do not want PPP to accept and forward Ethernet encapsulated frames Site Manager Bridge Ethernet parameter page A 9 Enabling FDDI Bridging If you want PPP to accept and forward FDDI encapsulated bridged traffic set this parameter to Enable the default Set this parameter to Disable if you do not want PPP to accept and forward FDDI encapsulated frames Site Manager Bridge FDDI parameter page A 10 Enabling Token Ring Bridging If you want PPP to accept and forward Token Ring encapsulated bridged traffic set this parameter to Enable the default 114068 Rev A 3 5 Configuring PPP Services Set this parameter to Disable if you do not want PPP to accept and forward Token Ring encapsulated frames Site Manager Bridge FDDI parameter page A 10 Enabling VINES Support on This Interface If you enabled VINES support when you first configured PPP on this interface this parameter defaults to Enable otherwise the default is Disable To stop VINES traffic from being routed over this interface set this parameter to Disable Site Manager VINES Enable parameter page A 6
37. acket contains options that the peer router is not willing to negotiate the peer router sends back a Configure Reject packet specifying the nonnegotiable options From that point on Configure Request packets that the originating router sends should eliminate the unacceptable options e Configure NAK If the peer disagrees with some or all of the values of the proposed options in the Configure Request packet it responds with a Configure Negative Acknowledgment NAK packet The Configure NAK packet notes the values that the peer disagrees with and it includes the corresponding values that the peer would like to see in subsequent Configure Request packets LCP negotiations between peers continue until either the routers converge reach an agreement regarding the Configure Request and PPP advances to the next phase until the peer router transmits a user specified number of Configure NAK packets before sending a Configure Reject packet or until the configurable convergence timer expires When the originating router receives a Configure Reject packet the originating router removes the offending options The routers should then converge Figure 2 2 demonstrates how a PPP interface initializes 114068 Rev A 2 5 Configuring PPP Services T f Router A Router B PPP0002A 1 PPP interface comes alive on network begin LCP negotiations Send Configure
38. ads In a configuration with multilink enabled a sending router divides the outbound traffic among all the lines in the bundle The configured external clock speed of each line determines the proportion of the total traffic each receives For example pairing a 9600 bit second line with an ISDN B channel yields a clock speed ratio of roughly 1 6 8 assuming same size packets That is for every packet sent on the slower link the router can send about seven packets on the faster link On the receiving end multilink resequences packets arriving on different links using the sequence number from the multilink header Gaps in the ordering may occur however when packets are corrupted or otherwise lost or when they arrive after packets with later sequence numbers To minimize this situation multilink buffers out of sequence packets in case the preceding sequence numbered packets arrive shortly after the later numbered packets Using Multilink Fragmentation By default PPP multilink allows packet fragmentation With fragmentation enabled PPP splits large datagrams into smaller packets and sends these packets across links in a multilink bundle Enabling fragmentation means that PPP can split packets when necessary for better performance PPP does not arbitrarily split all the packets it transmits Fragmentation improves the distribution of data across multilink lines and uses buffer resources more efficiently thereby improving the flow of data over m
39. alues Go to Appendix C for a list of the PPP statistics that you can view 114068 Rev A 2 25 Chapter 3 Customizing PPP This chapter describes how to customize and enable PPP services It assumes you have configured PPP on the interface using the default parameters as described in Chapter 1 and that you understand the PPP concepts in Chapter 2 You should have read Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software as appropriate for your platform and have 1 Opened a configuration file 2 Specified router hardware if this is a local mode configuration file 3 Selected the link or net module connector on which you are enabling PPP You can enable PPP services most easily by accepting all the default parameter values that the Configuration Manager supplies You do not have to configure any PPP parameters for PPP to run on your system If however you choose to change some or all of the default parameters you ll find the information you need in this chapter For a list of all PPP parameters see Appendix A PPP Parameters Enabling PPP on an Interface If you have already enabled PPP on the circuit that you want to configure go to Setting Up Remote Addresses on page 3 2 If you haven t already done so you must enable PPP on the interface To do this refer to Chapter 1 By default the protocol that you selected when you first configured this interface is enabled If you want to e
40. ange and then reset the parameter to Enable For all dial services you must configure CHAP Secret through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 31 CHAP Local Name Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines None Any text string maximum 20 characters A local CHAP Name informs the peers of each other s identity If you configure CHAP as an authentication protocol you must use CHAP Local Name for router identification on a bandwidth on demand dial on demand or dial backup line If you do not configure CHAP you cannot use CHAP Local Name for identification instead you must configure PAP For all dial services you must configure CHAP Local Name through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 33 114068 Rev A A 23 Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID CHAP Periodic Timer Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 0 disabled Any number of seconds Setting this value to 0 disables the timer A reasonable value for this parameter is 60 Allows for repeated authentication challenges at an interval in seconds that either peer on the link can specify The timer begins counting when an authentication phase has completed A new challenge does not begin until th
41. assembling them on the receiving peer into the proper sequence PPP discards all fragments of an incomplete reassembly The number of fragments is always equal to or less than the number of lines in the bundle Multilink fragmentation is enabled by default When you enable fragmentation you can specify the minimum size packet that you want PPP to consider fragmenting The default minimum size is 256 bytes Site Manager Fragmentation Min Size parameter page A 12 Disabling Network Control Protocols To stop traffic from routing over a PPP interface either e Disable the NCP for the upper level routing protocol For example if you disable the NCP for IP by setting the IP Enable parameter to Disable even though IP is still enabled on the interface it is no longer able to route traffic over the interface e Disable the upper level routing protocol itself If you disable the routing protocol running on top of the PPP interface you also automatically disable the NCP for the routing protocol For example disabling IP on an interface disables the NCP for IP as well Customizing PPP Lines The PPP line parameters specify the characteristics of individual lines within the interface You can edit the default PPP line parameters to fit your particular system requirements Appendix B lists the default PPP line parameters The following sections describe how to customize those parameters 114068 Rev A 3 9 Configuring
42. ay Networks customers and partners A special benefit for contracted customers and resellers is the ability to access the Web Server to perform Case Management This feature enables your support staff to interact directly with the network experts in our worldwide Technical Response Centers A registered contact with a valid Site ID can e View a listing of support cases and determine the current status of any open case Case history data includes severity designation and telephone e mail or other logs associated with the case e Customize the listing of cases according to a variety of criteria including date severity status and case ID e Log notes to existing open cases e Create new cases for rapid efficient handling of noncritical network situations Communicate directly via e mail with the specific technical resources assigned to your case The Bay Networks URL is Attp www baynetworks com Customer Service is a menu item on that home page Customer Service FTP Accessible via URL ftp support baynetworks com 134 177 3 26 this site combines and organizes support files and documentation from across the Bay Networks product suite including switching products from our Centillion and Xylogics business units Central management and sponsorship of this FTP site lets you quickly locate information on any of your Bay Networks products 114068 Rev A xix Configuring PPP Services Support Source CD This CD
43. brackets when entering the command Example if command syntax is ping ip address you enter ping 192 32 10 12 Indicates text that you need to enter command names and buttons in menu paths Example Enter wfsm amp Example Use the dinfo command Example Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines identifies the Lines button on the PPP Interfaces window Indicate optional elements You can choose none one or all of the options Indicates variable values in command syntax descriptions new terms file and directory names and book titles Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book Indicates data that appears on the screen Example Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters Separates menu and option names in instructions and internal pin to pin wire connections Example Protocols gt AppleTalk identifies the AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu Example Pin 7 19 20 Xiv 114068 Rev A vertical line I Acronyms BNCP BNX BOFL CCP CHAP CRC DNCP FCS FDDI HDLC HSSI IP IPCP IPX IPXCP LAN LCP LOM LOR MAC MIB MTU NCP OSI OSINLCP About This Guide Indicates that you enter only one of the parts of the command The vertical line separates choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show at routes nets you enter either show at routes or show at nets but not both Bridge Network Control Protocol Backb
44. cal Response Center xvii xxi technical support xvii BCN 2 11 2 21 BLN 2 11 BN 2 21 BNCP 2 3 BNX software 2 11 and LQM 3 19 HSSI link quality monitoring 2 17 IP Enable parameter A 2 prioritization mechanism 2 15 BOFL synchronous line parameter 2 22 Bridge Enable parameter A 5 B 1 Bridge Ethernet parameter A 9 B 1 Bridge FDDI parameter A 10 B 1 Bridge Network Control Protocol 2 3 Bridge Token Ring parameter A 10 B 2 114068 Rev A Index 1 Configuring PPP Services bridging enabling on a PPP interface 3 4 Ethernet 3 5 FDDI 3 5 Token Ring 3 5 buffer 2 14 bundle multilink 2 13 C CCP 3 7 CCP Enable parameter A 6 B 1 Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP 2 2 2 7 2 9 3 13 customizing 3 17 setting parameters A 17 A 23 use with dial services 3 17 CHAP Local Name identification mechanism 2 9 CHAP parameters Allow PAP Reject A 24 B 3 CHAP Local Name 3 17 A 23 B 3 CHAP Periodic Timer 3 18 A 24 B 3 CHAP Secret 3 17 A 23 B 3 circuit configuring with PPP 1 1 initializing 2 4 nonmultilink 3 7 circuit statistics calculating and viewing 3 22 CN 2 11 Code Reject packet 2 4 comparing multiline and PPP multilink 2 16 compatibility previous versions 2 13 2 23 compression data 2 19 3 7 A 6 compression control protocol CCP 3 7 A 6 CompusServe Bay Networks forum on xx concepts PPP 2 1 configuration failure count 3 13 configuration file 1 1 Configure ACK packet 2 4 2 5 Configure NAK
45. chronous lines asynchronous or ISDN lines When you create or add a line to a dial services modem pool for a line configured to use PPP the parameters that you must supply differ depending on whether it is a synchronous or an asynchronous line Refer to Configuring Dial Services for details on setting up and configuring both synchronous and asynchronous lines Recognizing Asynchronous Modem Control Characters For a link that uses asynchronous modems you can configure PPP to recognize and escape specified control characters that may occur in data packets An example of such control characters is the XON XOFF flow control mechanism that asynchronous modems use The escape mechanism removes spurious control characters that external hardware may have introduced on the link During LCP negotiation both peers negotiate the characters that they will recognize as modem control characters PPP calculates and displays a map value based on this negotiation Each end of the link maintains an asynchronous control character map for both sending and receiving When sending data PPP inserts the escape character 0x7D in front of the control character and does a logical XOR operation combining the control character with the value 0x20 When the receiving peer encounters these characters in the data stream it strips off the escape character and converts the next character to the original asynchronous modem control character 114068 Rev A 2 21
46. circuit Only one side of any connection should be the monitor Configuring the Maximum Number of Links in a Multilink Bundle You can specify the maximum number of links that you want included in any multilink circuit bundle Site Manager Max Links parameter page A 12 The links in a bundle can be either leased or switched lines and can have different transmission speeds Configuring the Maximum Number of Storage Buffers You can specify the maximum number of buffers to allocate for storing packets for this multilink circuit Site Manager Max Buffers parameter page A 13 The optimum number of buffers depends on factors such as e Amount of memory available for buffers e Likelihood of delays in the arrival of packets e Amount and characteristics of network traffic received In general a higher number of buffers uses more memory but allows more latitude for late arriving packets 3 8 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP Configuring Multilink Fragmentation For multilink circuits that include different speed links and that may carry both large and small packets you can enable multilink fragmentation Site Manager Multilink Fragmentation parameter page A 11 PPP fragments packets only if doing so will improve the flow of data over the circuit When necessary PPP splits packets into encapsulated fragments and then sends the fragments over the lines in the multilink bundle re
47. co Ipde E ran A RE ia independ A 2 PPP Line Parameter Descriptions aa A 13 Appendix B Default PPP Configuration Appendix C PPP Statistics Index viii 114068 Rev A Figures Figure 2 1 Point to Point Network Connection DUM 2 1 Figure 2 2 Initializing the PPP Interface sssssssseenene 2 6 Figur 2 3 PPP IEneapaulaled Fea ccissieidcrstecanecerisaciazentsaadhieatesdanionndaucseaced cand cnin 2 9 gc zer E I EDITUS 2 12 Figure 2 5 Link Quality Monitoring from Router A s Perspective 2 19 114068 Rev A Tables Table 2 1 Sample Data Link Control Protocol Options irssi 2 2 Table 2 2 Network Control Protocols and Options orisiirisii a 2 3 Table 2 3 Comparing Multiline rng iultiliniK 35 nir eraat csotces 2 16 Table 2 4 PPP Ling Parameter ValUBE nesinnes nenas exea 2 22 Table B 1 Point to Point PPP Interface Parameters esssssessss B 1 Table B 2 Poihf to Point PPP Line Parameters 12i idis aei B 2 Tube d PPPIUUSDGE cadere dde dbi duced Tuus io bes quss de EAM E MEE MEE C 1 114068 Rev A xi About This Guide This manual describes Point to Point Protocol PPP services and guides you in configuring PPP parameters for your network If you are responsible for configuring and managing Bay Networks routers or BNX switching platforms running over point to point links you need to read this manual
48. col for the peer router to use Site Manager AppleTalk Routing Protocol parameter page A 9 Since the only option for the AppleTalk Routing Protocol is the Routing Table Management Protocol RTMP you can simply accept the default value This interface specifies AppleTalk RTMP as the routing update protocol in NCP negotiations Enabling Bridging on an Interface When bridging is enabled for an interface PPP accepts bridged traffic in the specified encapsulation and forwards it over the PPP network You can enable or disable bridging for Ethernet FDDI and or Token Ring encapsulated packets By default all these parameters are enabled If you change any of these parameters dynamically that is for a router that has already completed its negotiations you must force LCP renegotiation on the interface as previously described 3 4 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP Enabling Bridging Before you can enable a particular type of encapsulated bridged traffic you must enable bridging on the interface You do this by default if you enabled bridging when you initially set up the PPP interface but you can disable or re enable it here To stop traffic from being bridged over this interface set this parameter to Disable Site Manager Bridge Enable parameter page A 5 This parameter enables or disables the network control protocol for the bridge It does not enable or disable bridging services for the interf
49. cuit you can specify whether you want transmission on that circuit to be synchronous or asynchronous Switched services include dial on demand bandwidth on demand and dial backup These function independently of the physical modem communication method In synchronous transmissions the timing of each data transfer has a specific time relationship to the previous and next data transfer Synchronous data transfers are fast because of the low network overhead relative to the amount of data transferred in each block but they require more expensive clock driven data transmission equipment In general you might use synchronous data transmission for large data transfers 2 20 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts Asynchronous communication on the other hand does not rely on a clock to define the beginning and end of a transmission It uses lower cost asynchronous modems and appends a start and a stop bit to each transmission This adds overhead to each data transfer but it is often acceptable in lower speed less than 56KB for example and lower volume data transfers You can for example use an asynchronous modem connected to either a router or a PC to dial into a Bay Networks AN ASN BN or BCN router or terminal server such as a Xylogics 5390 with asynchronous modem banks You configure most of the synchronous asynchronous parameters when you set up dial services on a circuit and configure your modem pools A modem pool can contain syn
50. e amount of time you specify elapses Accept the default or set this parameter to 60 If you have not configured CHAP ignore this field 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 35 Allow PAP Reject Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines Disable Enable Disable Some peers do not use PAP If you set this parameter to Enable your router accepts the Reject message from such a peer and removes PAP from the LCP Configure Request Select Enable or Disable If you have not configured PAP ignore this field 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 39 A 24 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters Async Control Character Map Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 655360 0 through 4294967295 0x00 through OxFFFFFFFF This parameter is relevant only if you use an asynchronous modem During LCP negotiations the peers negotiate the characters that they will recognize as modem control characters The async control character map specifies a value representing one or more asynchronous modem control characters for the peer to recognize escape and that may occur in the data packet Each bit in the map represents a control character from 0x00 through Ox1F The default value serves for almost all modems It escapes the asynchronous modem control sequence XON XOFF 0x11 and 0x13 if they occur in the data stream The values Ox7D and Ox7E are always escaped PPP disp
51. e exceeds the configured congestion threshold Bandwidth on demand brings up these secondary lines one at a time as needed up to a maximum of 30 lines including the primary lines Up to 30 lines can be combined into a multilink bundle depending upon platform constraints total bundle speed variance in member links speeds and traffic characteristics When congestion abates the secondary lines become inactive Please consult the Bay Networks Technical Response Center in your area for design guidelines Dial Backup If a primary PPP Frame Relay or standard line fails and you have enabled dial backup the router automatically establishes a backup line and data transmission continues PPP Multiline Bay Networks PPP services include support for the multiline feature which lets you configure a single circuit that consists of one or more WAN data paths A data path is a logical point to point channel that is a permanent leased line Multiline provides both increased fault tolerance and greater bandwidth between two sites 2 10 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts Refer to the section Differences between Multiline and Multilink on page 2 16 for a comparison of these features For more information about the Bay Networks multiline feature see Configuring Line Services For information on configuring PPP multiline over HSSI interfaces within the BNX environment refer to Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software PPP Mu
52. eer router should use This interface includes this AppleTalk node number in NCP negotiations If you want to specify an AppleTalk node number for the peer router enter it here If this interface has been up and running you must also set the AppleTalk Enable parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the AppleTalk Enable parameter to Enable to implement your changes 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 36 A 8 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters AppleTalk Routing Protocol Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces RTMP RTMP Routing Table Management Protocol Specifies the AppleTalk routing update protocol that this interface wants the peer router to use This interface specifies AppleTalk RTMP as the routing update protocol in NCP negotiations Accept the default RTMP 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 38 Bridge Ethernet Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether this PPP interface accepts bridged traffic that is Ethernet encapsulated then forwards it over the PPP network Set to Disable if you do not want the PPP interface to accept bridged Ethernet encapsulated frames If this interface has been up and running you must also set the Bridge Enable parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the Bridge Enable parame
53. entication Protocol or CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol If you do not want to enable security features on this interface accept the default None To enable Password Authentication Protocol select PAPAUTH Then do the following Define the Local PAP ID and Local PAP Password parameters for this interface Set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable To enable Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol select CHAP Then do the following Define the CHAP Secret CHAP Local Name and CHAP Periodic Timer parameters for this interface Find these parameters by scrolling further through the list of line parameters Set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable For all dial services you must use PAP or CHAP either of which provides an identification mechanism that is essential to bring up demand backup and bandwidth lines You must configure CHAP Local Name CHAP Secret PAP ID and PAP Password through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 15 114068 Rev A Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Local PAP ID Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines None Any text string
54. entry for the peer router See Configuring IP Services for instructions on configuring an adjacent host entry 2 22 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts Detecting Loopback Conditions As part of its network integrity checking PPP tests for a loopback condition in which effectively it is talking to itself and not communicating with the network Normally you would want this feature enabled For test purposes however you can disable this loopback detection feature by using the Technician Interface After disabling this parameter you must explicitly set it to Enable to re enable loopback checking See Disabling Loopback Detection in Chapter 3 for instructions on how to set this parameter PPP Software Compatibility Issues If you need to configure PPP to run over a point to point connection between a Version 5 x and a Version 11 0 router read this section Note This section is not relevant for BNX software The features introduced in Version 11 0 namely asynchronous PPP and multilink fragmentation are available only with this version Version 5 x router software uses a Bay Networks proprietary implementation of PPP Version 7 x Version 8 x Version 9 x Version 10 0 and Version 11 0 routers support a new implementation of PPP The new implementation complies with the established requirements of the following Internet RFCs 1332 1333 1334 1378 1552 1638 1661 1662 1762 1763 and 1764 Version 10 0 and 11 0 routers als
55. er Control None Protocol OSINLCP Xerox Networking System None Control Protocol XNSCP VINES Network Control None Protocol VNCP Bridge Network Control Protocol BNCP MAC Type Selection Routing over a PPP Link You can enable the following protocols over PPP interfaces AppleTalk DECnet Phase IV Internet Packet Exchange IPX Internet Protocol IP Open Systems Interconnection OSI Virtual Networking System VINES Xerox Networking System XNS 114068 Rev A 2 3 Configuring PPP Services The protocol that you selected when you first enabled PPP on the circuit is enabled by default You can enable a different protocol by editing PPP protocol parameters as described in Chapter 3 Transparent Translation Bridge and Source Route Bridge are other routing media that you can enable over any PPP interface The PPP bridge accepts incoming traffic from any media Ethernet FDDI Token Ring and forwards data transparently or translates when necessary Initializing a PPP Interface PPP creates an interface between peer routers to allow them to exchange data The routers initialize the interface in three phases 1 Establishing the PPP link 2 Authenticating the link optional for leased lines 3 Negotiating network layer protocols The following sections describe each phase Establishing the PPP Link PPP s Link Control Protocol LCP helps establish a link LCP generates three types
56. er SONIC ua eite ceive eysucsdenrelmaedonetinies xviii Bay Networks Intormalibr Services ceca cii d e ER rerba nd d Ga rcd bead e eene xix Wor Ei ce Pc xix dT Evae M ee c xix AE SONIS a E R A etian hase ind tls dude EE Rata ad iade tM Md ce EM EE dad XX res SW sianie a Xx DEFA O mc Ecc xxi is Ceci IBS NN NEN DAC INN TUE ERREUR IIT a TECH MMe ce eat mtr eee form treat wir xxi Chapter 1 Starting PPP Coon PPP CMMI dasseni aiea aaa edadean Erase adl bud Pd 1 1 uua Be T LU E 1 2 Verb ID DEOR cio ui ate n o ipe creer adi ad UCM LER Ou aay cence Coa codd 1 3 Chapter 2 PPP Concepts uzub ol e 2 1 uis Pup vnius LM Eg See REC PEN 2 3 Mass d PPPHIBIBITSEB corsa tei i shia I EEbpetU E ERU ioRD Fe cenane e I Spe pL eed ae 2 4 EsplsDIg fie EP ERI a cotra dr e rre ibt ry cree rr a d pac do 2 4 Authenticating the PPP Link PAP and CHAP 2 7 114068 Rev A V Password Authentication Protocol cccccccccccsceseeeecesesseeeeeeseeessueeeeseessuuaeeseeeeseanaes 2 7 Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol cccccccsececsssecssseeeeeeeesseeeeseeeens 2 7 One Way AUIBOPICSUDI ics tiia dioec Meet lode Horde bae Iie 2 8 Negotiating Network Layer Protocols aii RE ee d da rd etie ence 2 8 Datsg sn Enbspsulsgf ranmorda aab Econ ta dut ec Ebo SU E SE S ES M E DOdER 2 8 PPP Dial Services SUPPO Me 2 9 Bret ars DEMIO ane me a es errr Pe een dei Cet Mer EN Fri ud mans U
57. etworks Service sets the industry standard with 24 hour 7 days a week telephone support available worldwide at no extra cost Our complete range of contract and noncontract services also includes equipment staging and integration installation support on site services and replacement parts delivery within approximately 4 hours To purchase any of the Bay Networks support programs or if you have questions on program features use the following numbers Region Telephone Number Fax Number United States and 1 800 2LANWAN enter Express Routing 508 670 8766 Canada Code ERC 290 when prompted 508 436 8880 direct Europe 33 92 968 300 33 92 968 301 Asia Pacific Region 612 9927 8800 612 9927 8811 Latin America 407 997 1713 407 997 1714 In addition you can receive information on support programs from your local Bay Networks field sales office or purchase Bay Networks support directly from your authorized partner xviii 114068 Rev A Technical Support and Online Services Bay Networks Information Services Bay Networks Information Services provide up to date support information as a first line resource for network administration expansion and maintenance This information is available from a variety of sources World Wide Web The Bay Networks Customer Support Web Server offers a diverse library of technical documents software agents and other important technical information to B
58. expires before the negotiation completes the router drops the connection The default value is 10 seconds Customizing PAP When PAP is the authentication protocol you must also specify a local PAP ID a local PAP Password and a remote PAP ID and remote PAP password for the peer During the authentication phase of link creation PPP uses these parameters to verify the peer s right to communicate with the local router Note For dial services that use PAP you must configure the local PAP ID the local PAP password the remote PAP ID and the remote PAP password through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details Specifying Local PAP Parameters If you did not enable PAP on the local peer ignore the local PAP parameters that follow If you set the Local Authentication Protocol to PAPAUTH specify a unique local PAP identifier and local PAP password for this interface During the interface s authentication phase all Password Authenticate Request messages the peer router sends to this interface must include the correct PAP ID and PAP password Otherwise the interface sends an Authenticate NAK message and the link is not created The Local PAP ID parameter specifies the identifier assigned to this interface The identifier can consist of any text string up to 25 characters long There is no default value Site Manager Local PAP ID parameter page A 18 Now set the local PAP password S
59. for a Remote Peer 1 Enter the IP address in dotted decimal notation that you want the remote peer to use 3 2 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP The default is 0 0 0 0 indicating that this is an unnumbered interface You can enter any valid IP address For information about unnumbered IP interfaces refer to Configuring IP Services Site Manager Remote IP Address parameter page A 7 2 Configure IP to run over PPP interfaces When you enable numbered Internet Protocol IP support on a PPP interface you must also configure an adjacent host entry for the peer router See Configuring IP Services for instructions on configuring an adjacent host entry Defining an IPX Network Number and Node Number for a Remote Peer You can specify an IPX network number and an IPX node number that you want the remote peer to use The interface uses these numbers in its NCP negotiations To specify an IPX network number and remote node number do the following 1 Enter the IPX network number in hexadecimal notation for the remote peer to use Site Manager IPX Network Number parameter page A 7 There is no default value you can enter any unique valid unreserved IPX network number consisting of a string of up to eight hexadecimal characters The value Oxffffffff is invalid The negotiated network number must be unique It cannot be a previously assigned network number Note that both sides of the link do
60. he parameter to Enable For dial services that use PAP you must configure the local PAP Password through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 18 A 18 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters Remote PAP ID Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines None Any text string maximum 25 characters Specifies the PAP ID assigned to the remote peer router During the interface s authentication phase this interface must include the correct Remote PAP ID in all Password Authenticate Request messages it sends to the peer router or the peer router sends an Authenticate NAK message and the link is not created If the remote peer does not have PAP enabled ignore this field If the remote peer has PAP enabled specify the remote PAP ID that identifies the remote peer To implement your changes set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable For dial services that use PAP you must configure the remote PAP ID through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 19 Remote PAP Password Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines None Any text string maximum 25 characters Specifies the PAP password assigned to the remote pee
61. he Allow PAP Reject parameter to Enable your router accepts the Reject message from such a peer and removes PAP from the LCP Configure Request Site Manager Allow PAP Reject parameter page A 24 The default value is Disable 3 16 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP Customizing CHAP The Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol imposes network security by requiring that the peers share a plain text secret You specify that secret as well as other CHAP parameters by configuring the parameters described in the next sections If you have not enabled CHAP ignore these parameters Note For dial services that use CHAP you must configure the CHAP secret and the CHAP local name through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details Specifying the CHAP Secret The function of the CHAP secret is similar to a password but its use is slightly different Both peers on a link must have the same secret to correctly calculate responses to challenges either one of them may send to the other during the authentication process and network layer negotiation phase You can assign a text string up to 20 characters long as the CHAP secret for this interface Site Manager CHAP Secret parameter page A 23 If you have enabled CHAP specify the secret There is no default value Specifying the CHAP Local Name A local CHAP name informs the peers of each other s identity Specify the CHAP local name a
62. he Enable PAP Fallback parameter to Enable causes a fallback to PAP if you have selected CHAP as the authentication protocol but the peer rejects CHAP The default value is Disable Set this parameter to Enable if you mix authentication types in the same pool Setting Up Link Quality Monitoring When you turn on the link quality monitoring and reporting function for an interface PPP monitors the quality of the point to point link as a percentage of sent packets received on each end of the link When the average quality falls below the threshold you specify PPP brings down the link The driver software automatically brings the link back up and renegotiates the connection By default link quality monitoring is disabled If you do not want to enable this feature accept the default value 3 18 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP Note PPP supports link quality monitoring over standard synchronous interfaces only PPP does not support link quality monitoring over asynchronous or High Speed Serial Interfaces HSSI BNX software however does support both link quality monitoring and link quality reporting over HSSI interfaces If two routers are configured for different link quality reporting periods they negotiate to the lower value so that the period is the same on both sides of the link Enabling Link Quality Monitoring and Reporting To turn on link quality monitoring and reporting for the interface set the Link Quality P
63. his interface Site Manager Outbound Link Quality parameter page A 22 If the percentage drops below the outbound link quality you specify the router brings down the link until the percentage increases to an acceptable level The default value for this parameter is 90 percent You can specify values in the range 1 through 100 percent Specifying the Asynchronous Modem Control Character Map During LCP negotiations the peers negotiate the characters that they will recognize as asynchronous modem control characters PPP creates a 32 bit map that represents the negotiated control characters Both routers use this map in sending and receiving data packets While the default value serves for almost all modems you can configure the map for other modem control characters if necessary The async control character map specifies a value representing one or more asynchronous modem control characters for the peer to recognize escape and that may occur in the data packet Each bit in the map corresponds to one control character 0x00 the right end of the map through Ox1F the left end of the map that is 0 through 31 decimal The actual map is a value used essentially as a mask For example the default map value 0xA0000 655360 decimal allows the escaping of the control characters 0x11 XON and 0x13 XOFF if they occur in the data stream The values Ox7D and Ox7E are always escaped 114068 Rev A 3 21 Configu
64. ion Manager displays the Select Protocols window If you are running router as opposed to BNX software selecting PPP automatically enables protocol prioritization For detailed information on protocol prioritization refer to Configuring Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization Select the routing protocol that you want to run on this interface PPP is the WAN protocol for the interface You also need to enable an upper level routing protocol such as IP IPX or AppleTalk to run on top of PPP Enabling this protocol allows the routing of traffic over this interface Refer to the appropriate protocol specific guides for information on these protocols When you ve finished these steps you ll have a fully operational PPP connection configured with all default values For a list of the default values see Appendix B Refer to Configuring Routers or Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software depending on your platform for instructions on how to do these tasks PPP Tasks You can configure PPP to perform the following functions Route data over a PPP link Perform data compression Run PPP over dial up lines Run PPP over multiple lines Run PPP over a multilink circuit Set up protocol prioritization on a multiline circuit In addition you can Configure IP to run over PPP interfaces Enable and disable network control protocols Use PPP with asynchronous modems 1 2 114068 Rev A Starting PPP Calcula
65. ioritization protocol 1 2 Protocol Reject packet 2 4 Q quality monitoring and reporting 2 17 R Raise DTR modem 2 13 receive percentages calculating and viewing 3 22 remote address setting 3 2 remote AppleTalk node number 3 4 Remote AppleTalk Node parameter A 8 B 1 Remote IP Address parameter A 7 B 1 remote PAP ID 3 16 Remote PAP ID parameter A 19 remote PAP password 3 16 Remote PAP Password parameter A 19 remote peer IP address 3 2 renegotiating LCP 3 2 3 10 resequencing packets 2 14 restart timer 3 11 Restart Timer in Seconds parameter A 14 B 2 RFCs relevant to PPP 2 14 2 23 routing over a PPP link 2 3 routing protocol 1 2 routing table management protocol RTMP 3 4 Index 6 114068 Rev A S Seconds between Xmit of Echo Request parameter A 14 B 2 secret CHAP 3 17 Service synchronous line parameter 2 22 setting remote address 3 2 single line Normal specifying A 11 single line connection 3 7 source routing over Token Ring networks incompatibilities 2 23 starting PPP 1 1 statistics C 1 calculating and viewing 3 22 multilink 3 22 Support Source CD xx switched line dial up line PPP support 2 9 synchronous connection 2 20 synchronous line parameter BOFL 2 22 Promiscuous 2 22 Service 2 22 WAN Protocol 2 22 T T1 DSO 2 12 Terminate ACK packet 2 4 3 12 Terminate Request packet 2 4 maximum 3 12 threshold 2 12 2 18 3 18 3 20 3 21 Token Ring bridging 3 5
66. ist the default PPP parameter settings Table B 1 Point to Point PPP Interface Parameters Parameter Default IP Enable Enabling support for any of these protocols when OSI Enable you configure PPP on this interface automatically XNS Enable sets the protocol s corresponding Enable DECnet IV Enable AppleTalk Enable IPX Enable Bridge Enable VINES Enable parameter to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable CCP Enable If you enabled data compression on this interface Site Manager automatically sets this parameter to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable 114068 Rev A Remote IP Address 0 0 0 0 IPX Network Number None IPX Remote Node Number None Remote AppleTalk Node None AppleTalk Routing Protocol RTMP Bridge Ethernet Enable Bridge FDDI Enable continued B 1 Configuring PPP Services Table B 1 Point to Point PPP Interface Parameters continued Parameter Default Bridge Token Ring Enable PPP Mode Normal for a nonmultilink circuit Multilink for a multilink circuit Multilink Fragmentation Permitted Fragmentation Min Size 256 Max Links 4 Max Buffers 30 Table B 2 Point to Point PPP Line Parameters Parameter Default Enable LCP Enable Restart Timer in Seconds 3 Seconds between Xmit of 0 Echo Request Echo Reply Acceptable Loss 3 Max Configure Requests 10 Max Terminate Requests 2 Max Configuration Fai
67. it cyclic redundancy check CRC is at the end of each frame PPP Dial Services Support Bay Networks dial services offer access to switched networks through dial up line connections also called switched lines that are active only when you choose to use them In contrast a leased line is always available If you transmit limited amounts of data or if your data transmission is intermittent dial services may let you run your network more effectively and economically PPP is automatically configured on lines that you select for dial services PPP with either CHAP or PAP implements a router identification mechanism that dial services require 114068 Rev A 2 9 Configuring PPP Services Bay Networks provides three types of dial services dial on demand bandwidth on demand and dial backup For information on how to configure dial on demand bandwidth on demand and dial backup lines see Configuring Dial Services Dial on Demand Dial on demand enables you to establish a circuit on demand as opposed to having a leased line connection which is always available By using a circuit on a demand basis you can have a network connection only when you need it and significantly reduce your line costs Bandwidth on Demand Bandwidth on demand uses secondary dial up lines to augment a primary leased line or lines or an initial dial on demand line when the primary line experiences congestion Congestion occurs when traffic volum
68. ite Manager Local PAP Password parameter page A 18 The Local PAP Password parameter specifies the password assigned to this interface The password can consist of any text string up to 25 characters long There is no default value 114068 Rev A 3 15 Configuring PPP Services Specifying PAP Parameters for the Remote Peer If the remote peer does not have PAP enabled ignore the remote PAP parameters that follow During the authentication phase of link creation PPP uses the remote PAP ID and remote password to verify the local peer s right to communicate with the remote router During the authentication phase this interface must include the correct remote PAP ID and remote PAP password in all Password Authenticate Request messages it sends to the local peer router otherwise the peer router sends an Authenticate NAK message and the link is not created If the remote peer has PAP enabled specify the Remote PAP ID parameter which assigns a PAP identifier to the remote peer There is no default value Site Manager Remote PAP ID parameter page A 19 Now set the remote PAP password Site Manager Remote PAP Password parameter page A 19 The Remote PAP Password parameter specifies the password assigned to the remote peer router The password can consist of any text string up to 25 characters long There is no default value Allowing PAP Rejection Some peers do not use PAP If you set t
69. iting of any such intended examination of the Software and Bay Networks may provide review and assistance Notwithstanding any foregoing terms to the contrary if licensee licenses the Bay Networks product Site Manager licensee may duplicate and install the Site Manager product as specified in the Documentation This right is granted solely as necessary for use of Site Manager on hardware installed with licensee s network This license will automatically terminate upon improper handling of Software such as by disclosure or Bay Networks may terminate this license by written notice to licensee if licensee fails to comply with any of the material provisions of this license and fails to cure such failure within thirty 30 days after the receipt of written notice from Bay Networks Upon termination of this license licensee shall discontinue all use of the Software and return the Software and Documentation including all copies to Bay Networks Licensee s obligations under this license shall survive expiration or termination of this license 114068 Rev A Contents Configuring PPP Services About This Guide Bina NE CN aa eic di rat Hace Seed conan din Maske Fade sd d sedis nea AE bisa xiii DOWO NUORNS ooiciisdee ido tepida i Sada cat Merk ul Hiro Se sacha tated dapeudabvea eae idais xiv pet 1819 ce TEM XV Ordering Bay Networks PUDICALIONS 1 uices ti nun nadia eee xvi Technical Support and Online Services Bay Networks Custom
70. lays the decimal number equivalent to the string and uses that value in its link negotiations Accept the default value 655360 0x000A 0000 or enter the value corresponding to the asynchronous control character map for the character s that you want recognized escaped in the data stream It is unusual to require a value other than the default If you must create a different map here s how to do it The map consists of 32 bits Each bit corresponds to one control character 0x00 the right end of the map through Ox1F the left end of the map that is O through 31 decimal If you have a modem that requires control characters different from the default determine the corresponding bit for each character by converting the hex value of the control character to decimal For example Ox1F 31 decimal so to escape that character set the leftmost bit in the map Do the same thing for each control character to be escaped Once you ve decided what bits in the map to set enter either the hex character equivalent to the bit string or the decimal equivalent To set escape all control characters in a packet set the map to OxFFFFFFFF 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 41 114068 Rev A A 25 Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Inst
71. licitly or implicitly except by acceptance of an order for either Software or for a Bay Networks product Equipment that is packaged with Software Each such license is subject to the following restrictions 1 Upon delivery of the Software Bay Networks grants to licensee a personal nontransferable nonexclusive license to use the Software with the Equipment with which or for which it was originally acquired including use at any of licensee s facilities to which the Equipment may be transferred for the useful life of the Equipment unless earlier terminated by default or cancellation Use of the Software shall be limited to such Equipment and to such facility Software which is licensed for use on hardware not offered by Bay Networks is not subject to restricted use on any Equipment however unless otherwise specified on the Documentation each licensed copy of such Software may only be installed on one hardware item at any time Licensee may use the Software with backup Equipment only if the Equipment with which or for which it was acquired is inoperative Licensee may make a single copy of the Software but not firmware for safekeeping archives or backup purposes Licensee may modify Software but not firmware or combine it with other software subject to the provision that those portions of the resulting software which incorporate Software are subject to the restrictions of this license Licensee shall not make the resulting sof
72. ltilink Note BNX software does not support the PPP multilink feature If you use BNX ignore this and the following sections relating to multilink The multilink feature of PPP provides capabilities beyond those of multiline circuits The major characteristics of multilink include the ability to e Use lines that have different speeds proportionally distributing traffic over those lines Balance traffic load and maintain packet sequence e Use switched lines such as ISDN B channels as well as leased lines e Monitor traffic volume Configurations with bandwidth on demand which can activate additional lines in response to increased traffic can find these features particularly useful Multilink is available on all platforms that have more than one WAN line including the following platforms e BLN BCN e LN CN AFN AN ASN 114068 Rev A Configuring PPP Services Using PPP Multilink The routers at each end of a PPP link that is a logical communications line are called peers A link is an individual communication channel between two peers Typical links include one ISDN B channel an aggregation of T1 DSOs one dial up modem connection and one leased T1 line Links can be either leased or switched lines All links must have the same data link encapsulation PPP and all links must have the same maximum transmission unit MTU On non ISDN lines you must configure the clock speed
73. lure Count 10 Local Authentication Protocol CHAP for dial services None for all others Local PAP ID None Local PAP Password None Remote PAP ID None Remote PAP Password None continued 114068 Rev A Default PPP Configuration Table B 2 Point to Point PPP Line Parameters continued Parameter Default Enable PAP Fallback Disable Link Quality Protocol None Peer Link Quality Report Timer Enable LQR Reporting Period 3 Inbound Link Quality 90 Outbound Link Quality 90 CHAP Secret None CHAP Local Name None CHAP Periodic Timer None Allow PAP Reject Disable Async Control Character Map 655360 0x000A000 Authentication Timer 10 Convergence Timer 300 Magic Num Disable Enable 114068 Rev A B 3 Appendix C PPP Statistics Table C 1 summarizes the PPP statistics you can view from the Site Manager Statistics Manager tool or from the Technician Interface Table C 1 PPP Statistics MIB object name What it tells you wfPppMIStatsCircuitID Circuit number for this instance wfPppMIStatsHomeSlot Slot on which this multilink control subsystem exists wfPppMIStatsLineCnt Current count of lines in the multilink bundle wfPppMIStatsBundleSpd Current total bandwidth of the multilink bundle wfPppMIStats TxOctets Number of octets transmitted by multilink wfPppMIStats TxPkts Number of packets transmitted by mul
74. mand backup and bandwidth lines You must configure the CHAP local name CHAP secret PAP ID and PAP password through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details In addition for all dial services failure of either authentication protocol causes the connection to be dropped and no intervention from the network administrator is needed For leased lines the authentication phase is optional You must first specify what if any local authentication protocol this interface uses Site Manager Local Authentication Protocol parameter page A 17 The Local Authentication Protocol parameter specifies the type of authentication protocol that this interface uses None PAP or CHAP If you do not want to enable security features on this interface accept the default None To enable Password Authentication Protocol select PAPAUTH Then define the Local PAP ID and Local PAP Password parameters for this interface To enable Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol select CHAP Then define the CHAP Secret CHAP Local Name and CHAP Periodic Timer parameters for this interface Setting a Time Limit for Authentication You can specify the maximum number of seconds the router waits for a response to its authentication messages by setting the Authentication Timer parameter Site Manager Authentication Timer parameter page A 26 3 14 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP If the timer
75. maximum 25 characters Specifies the PAP ID assigned to this interface During the interface s authentication phase all Password Authenticate Request messages the peer router sends to this interface must include the correct PAP ID Otherwise the interface sends an Authenticate NAK message and the link is not created If you have not enabled PAP ignore this field If you set the Local Authentication Protocol to PAPAUTH specify a unique local PAP ID for this interface To implement your changes set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable For dial services that use PAP you must configure the local PAP ID through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 17 Local PAP Password Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines None Any text string maximum 25 characters Specifies the PAP password assigned to this interface During the interface s authentication phase all Password Authenticate Request messages sent to this interface by the peer router must include the correct PAP password Otherwise the peer router sends an Authenticate NAK message and the link is not created If you have not enabled PAP ignore this field If you set the Local Authentication Protocol to PAPAUTH specify a unique local PAP password for this interface To implement your changes set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset t
76. mmands to modify parameter values in the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager Caution The Technician Interface does not verify the validity of the parameter values that you enter Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration The following sections deal with the parameters in two groups those that pertain to configuring PPP on the interface and those that you use to configure PPP on individual lines on the interface These correspond to Site Manager s PPP Interfaces and PPP Line Lists windows respectively 114068 Rev A A 1 Configuring PPP Services PPP Interface Parameter Descriptions Use the following guidelines to configure the PPP Interface parameters The order of presentation corresponds to the order of fields in the PPP Interfaces window and also approximately to the order of items in the wfPppCircuitEntry MIB Note In BNX software environments only the IP Enable parameter is meaningful In the BNX environment ignore all other PPP interface parameters Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID IP Enable Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces If you enable IP support when you configure PPP on this interface this parameter is automatically set to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the Network Control Protocol for IP This parameter does not enable or
77. multilink for this circuit The choice depends on such factors as the amount of memory available for buffers the likelihood of delays in the arrival of packets and the amount of total network traffic among other variables In general a higher number uses more memory but allows more latitude for late arriving packets Instructions Accept the default 30 or specify a value in the range 10 through 60 If you experience buffer resource problems not enough memory allocated for buffers set this parameter to a lower value If you experience packet loss because of an inadequate number of buffers increase this value You can determine whether buffer resource problems exist by using either the Site Manager Statistics feature or the Technician Interface Check the number of times the number of buffers needing to be stored exceeded the number of buffers available The MIB object wfPppMlStatsExceededBufferMax counts these occurrences MIB Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 64 PPP Line Parameter Descriptions Use the following guidelines to configure the PPP Lines parameters The order of presentation corresponds to the order of fields in the PPP Lines window and also approximately to the order of items in the wfPppLineEntry MIB In the path names that follow bold text indicates that in Site Manager you invoke the PPP Line Lists window by clicking on the Lines button on the PPP Interfaces window 114068 Rev A A 13 Configuring
78. nable a different protocol you can do so as part of the customization The rest of this chapter describes how to configure and customize PPP for your system Follow the instructions that apply to your network requirements 114068 Rev A 3 1 Configuring PPP Services Note If you are dynamically configuring a router that has already negotiated its Link Control Protocol you must force LCP renegotiation on the interface to implement your changes To do this disable and then re enable the corresponding network control protocol s You can change as many parameters as you need to before forcing the renegotiation After making all your changes to any of the addressing or routing protocol enabling parameters 1 Set the corresponding network control protocol parameter for example IP Enable to Disable and if necessary apply the changes 2 Reset the same parameter to Enable and if necessary apply the changes Refer to the description of enabling specific protocols for details Setting Up Remote Addresses You can define an address and node number depending on the requirements of the protocol you ve chosen that you want the remote peer to use That is you can define an e IP address e IPX network number and node number e AppleTalk node number depending on the protocol you enable After enabling the protocol specify the appropriate parameter s as described in the following sections Defining an IP Address
79. network control protocols to connect peer routers PPP also allows peers to negotiate and determine data link and network layer options such as those listed in Table 2 1 and Table 2 2 When negotiations complete successfully PPP encapsulates the data and transmits it over the link Table 2 1 Sample Data Link Control Protocol Options Option Function Maximum Receive Unit Specifies the maximum transmission unit MTU size for the line Authentication Protocol Password Authentication Protocol PAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP Imposes network security by requiring an authentication process Link Quality Protocol Enables or disables link quality monitoring and reporting Multilink Endpoint Discriminator Enables the PPP mulitlink protocol and specifies the identity of the sender of the option 114068 Rev A Table 2 2 PPP Concepts Network Control Protocols and Options Protocol Negotiable Options IP Control Protocol IPCP IP Addresses for backward compatibility IP Address default Internet Packet Exchange Control Protocol IPXCP IPX Network Number IPX Node Number IPX Routing Protocol IPX Router Name IPX Configuration Complete AppleTalk Control Protocol ATCP AppleTalk Network Number AppleTalk Node Number AppleTalk Routing Protocol DECnet Phase IV Control None Protocol DNCP OSI Network Lay
80. ng dynamic reconfiguration Doing so means that any changes you have made to the line parameters are included in the negotiations Site Manager Enable LCP parameter page A 14 To disable LCP on this interface set Enable LCP parameter to Disable To re enable LCP set this parameter to Enable Setting Transmission Parameters You can specify the timing of transmissions and the threshold for considering the link to be down using the parameters described in the following sections Setting the Restart Timer The value of the Restart Timer in Seconds parameter specifies the number of seconds that the restart timer waits before retransmitting data The default value is 3 seconds and the range is 1 through 1000 seconds Site Manager Restart Timer in Seconds parameter page A 14 114068 Rev A 3 11 Configuring PPP Services Specifying the Interval between Echo Request Packets The value of the Seconds between Xmit of Echo Request parameter specifies the number of seconds that the router waits between the transmission of Echo Request packets A value of 0 the default means that this parameter is turned off Site Manager Seconds between Xmit of Echo Request parameter page A 14 Specifying the Acceptable Level of Echo Reply Packet Loss The Echo Reply Acceptable Loss parameter specifies the maximum number of unacknowledged Echo Request packets that the router will transmit before decla
81. o support the multilink feature described in RFC 1717 With the different implementations of PPP each adhering to a different set of RFCs the following functions will not work between a Version 5 x and a Version 9 x Version 10 0 or Version 11 0 router e Link Quality Monitoring LQM e Source routing over Token Ring networks For communication over a synchronous line between a Version 5 x and a Version 9 x Version 10 0 or Version 11 0 router each running PPP make the following configuration checks e On the Version 9 x Version 10 0 or Version 11 0 router 114068 Rev A 2 23 Configuring PPP Services The type of synchronous line service MIB object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 4 5 1 18 wfSyncService must have a value of Transparent This is the default setting for the Service parameter in the Edit Sync Parameters window To access the parameter through the Configuration Manager click on the appropriate sync connector and select Edit Line Details e On the Version 5 x router The LQM Time parameter must have a value of 0 which disables Link Quality Monitoring on the Version 5 x router The Quality of Service parameter must have a value of LLC1 the default setting For information on how to check these Version 5 x parameters refer to your Version 5 x configuration guide For further information on configuring different versions of routers to assure software compatibility see Upgrading Routers from Version
82. on each side of the link Each time a router receives an LQR packet PPP uses that packet to calculate the outbound link quality the percentage of packets the router transmitted that its peer successfully receives and the inbound link quality the percentage of packets that the peer transmitted that this router successfully receives After five LQR reporting periods PPP averages the inbound and outbound link quality and compares these values against a user specified threshold This is a rolling average After the first five LQR reporting periods PPP acquires the data from the next period and drops the oldest data Then it computes the link quality average for that set of five LQR periods and so on If either the inbound or outbound link quality average drops below the threshold PPP brings down the link The driver software automatically brings the link back up and renegotiates the connection PPP monitors the link control packets flowing over the connection and resumes network control protocol packet traffic when the link quality improves For example in Figure 2 5 the acceptable outbound and inbound link quality configured on Router A for the PPP interface is 100 percent After five LOR periods Router A calculates the outbound and inbound link quality averages and determines that the inbound link quality average is below the 100 percent threshold in this case 90 percent As a result Router A disables the link rmm z
83. one LINKQR Enables or disables the Link Quality Protocol for this interface To enable link quality reporting set this parameter to LINKQR When you enable link quality reporting on one side of the connection the router on which you enable it is responsible for monitoring link quality for the connection To implement your changes set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 21 A 20 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters Peer Link Quality Report Timer Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines Enable Enable Disable This parameter deals with the remote peer not the local one The setting determines whether the remote peer runs the Link Quality Report Timer LQR for the connection Setting this parameter enables or disables the remote peer s LQR Timer The peer whose timer is enabled generates one LQR packet for each interval specified in the LQR Reporting Period parameter The peer whose timer is disabled verifies that the other peer did in fact send an LQR If the receiving peer does not receive three successive LQRs it disables the connection Use this parameter only when you have set the Link Quality Protocol parameter to LINKQR Accept the default Enable if you
84. one Node Switch Breath of Life message Compression Control Protocol Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol cyclic redundancy check DECnet Phase IV Control Protocol Frame Check Sequence Fiber Distributed Data Interface high level data link control High Speed Serial Interface Internet Protocol IP Control Protocol Internet Packet Exchange IPX Control Protocol local area network Link Control Protocol link quality monitoring Link Quality Report media access control Management Information Base maximum transmission unit Network Control Protocol Open Systems Interconnection OSI Network Layer Control Protocol 114068 Rev A XV Configuring PPP Services PAP Password Authentication Protocol RFC Request for Comment SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Service SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol VINES Virtual Networking System VNCP VINES Network Control Protocol WAN wide area network XNS Xerox Networking System XNSCP Xerox Networking System Control Protocol Ordering Bay Networks Publications To purchase additional copies of this document or other Bay Networks publications order by part number from the Bay Networks Press at the following telephone or fax numbers Telephone U S Canada 1 888 4BAYPRESS Telephone International 1 510 490 4752 Fax 1 510 498 2609 You can also use these numbers to reques
85. ppMlStatsSeqNumberA rrived Late increase If so it may indicate that you should increase wfPppCircuitMaxBuffers e Inthe wfSyncEntry MIB wfSyncRejectsRx counts the number of times a packet arrives that is larger than a receive buffer wfSyncRejectsTx counts the number of times a packet grows larger than its transmit buffer If either of these conditions occurs lower the size of the maximum transmission unit MTU wfSyncMtu on both the local and remote peers Disabling Loopback Checking For test purposes you can disable the loopback test that the peer normally performs as part of its network integrity checking The loopback test ensures that a peer is talking to the network not to itself Site Manager Magic Num Disable parameter page A 26 To disable loopback detection set the Magic Num Disable parameter to Disable After disabling this parameter you must explicitly set it to Enable to re enable loopback checking Deleting PPP You can delete PPP from a specific circuit by simply reconfiguring that circuit with a different configuration file that does not use PPP The way you delete PPP from all circuits on which it is currently configured depends on the tool you are using For detailed information refer to Configuring Routers Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software or Using Technician Interface Software as appropriate Site Manager Protocols PPP Delete PPP OK 3 24
86. r Max Configuration Failure Count parameter page A 16 Setting a Time Limit for Convergence Convergence occurs when the peers have negotiated all the parameters needed to establish a dial services connection You can limit the amount of time that PPP attempts to negotiate a switched PPP interface by setting the Convergence Timer parameter Site Manager Convergence Timer parameter page A 26 This parameter applies only to a switched PPP interface The convergence timer specifies the maximum number of seconds allowed for the completed negotiations It limits the LCP negotiations and requires at least one NCP to negotiate within the configured amount of time The default value is 300 seconds If the timer expires before the negotiation completes the connection is dropped The convergence timer allots the configured number of seconds for the LCP to negotiate and allots the same period for one NCP to complete negotiations Customizing PPP Authentication Parameters PPP imposes network security by offering support for two types of authentication protocols Password Authentication Protocol PAP and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP The following sections describe how to configure PPP to implement PAP and CHAP 114068 Rev A 3 13 Configuring PPP Services Note For all dial services you must use PAP or CHAP either of which provides an identification mechanism that is essential to bring up de
87. r A 14 B 2 Enable PAP Fallback parameter A 20 encapsulation 2 8 datagram 2 1 frame structure 2 9 endpoint discriminator 2 2 escape characters 2 21 establishing the PPP link 2 4 Ethernet bridging 3 5 F FDDI bridging 3 5 fragmentation Index minimum size 2 15 packet 2 14 Fragmentation Min Size parameter A 12 B 2 frame structure 2 9 G getting help from a Bay Networks Technical Response Center xxi from the Support Source CD xx through CompuServe xx through Customer Service FTP xix through InfoFACTS service xxi through World Wide Web xix H High Speed Serial Interface HSSI 2 17 3 19 HSSI circuit multiline 2 11 l inbound link quality 2 18 3 20 Inbound Link Quality parameter A 22 B 3 incompatibilities software 2 23 InfoFACTS service xxi initializing a PPP interface 2 4 figure 2 6 interface configuring with PPP 1 1 initializing 2 4 initializing with PPP figure 2 6 numbered 3 3 unnumbered 3 3 Interfaces window A 13 Internet Packet Exchange 2 3 Internet Protocol IP 2 3 interoperability one way authentication 2 8 IP 2 3 114068 Rev A Index 3 Configuring PPP Services enabling on a PPP interface 2 22 3 3 IP address remote peer 3 2 IP Enable parameter A 2 B 1 IPX 2 3 negotiated network number 3 3 network number for remote peer 3 3 node number for remote peer 3 3 IPX Enable parameter A 5 B 1 IPX Network Number parameter A 7 B 1 IPX Remote Node Number parameter A 8
88. r router During the interface s authentication phase this interface must include the correct Remote PAP Password in all Password Authenticate Request messages it sends to the peer router Otherwise the peer router sends an Authenticate NAK message and the link is not created If the remote peer has PAP enabled specify the remote PAP password that identifies the remote peer To implement your changes set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable For all dial services you must configure the remote PAP password through the Dial menu See Configuring Dial Services for details 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 20 114068 Rev A Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable PAP Fallback Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines Disable Enable Disable Enabling this parameter causes a fallback to PAP if you have selected CHAP as the authentication protocol and an attempt to negotiate CHAP fails Select Enable or Disable Set this parameter to Enable if you mix authentication types in a pool Remember that you must use an authentication protocol if you are using dial on demand bandwidth on demand or dial backup 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 32 Link Quality Protocol Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines None N
89. ring PPP Services If you have a modem that requires control characters different from the default you can build your own async control character map Determine the corresponding bit for each character by converting the hex value of the control character to decimal For example 0x1F 31 decimal so to escape that character set the leftmost bit in the map Do the same thing for each control character Once you ve decided what bits in the map to set you can enter either the hex character equivalent to the bit string or the decimal equivalent To set escape all control characters in the packet set the map to OXFFFFFFFE For a description of how PPP encodes escaped control characters in the data stream refer to Chapter 2 PPP displays the decimal number equivalent to the string and uses that value in its link negotiations Site Manager Async Control Character Map parameter page A 25 Viewing Line Statistics for Multilink Circuits To view the statistics that PPP collects for multilink circuits use the Technician Interface software to access the PPP MIB For instructions on how to use this software refer to Using Technician Interface Software Appendix C lists the PPP multilink statistics and describes the data that they record The key statistics to check are the following e Inthe wfPppCircuitEntry MIB wfPppCircuitMlFragPerm indicates that fragmentation is enabled wfPppCircuitMlFragTriggerSize indicates the smalles
90. ring the point to point link down The default value is 3 packets Site Manager Echo Reply Acceptable Loss parameter page A 15 Specifying the Maximum Number of Configure Request Packets The Max Configure Requests parameter specifies the maximum number of unacknowledged Configure Request packets that the router transmits before assuming that the peer router on the other end of the link is unable to respond The link is then brought down Valid acknowledgments include Configure ACK Configure NAK or Configure Reject packets The default value is 10 packets Site Manager Max Configure Requests parameter page A 15 Specifying the Maximum Number of Terminate Request Packets PPP uses the Maximum Terminate Requests parameter to specify the maximum number of unacknowledged Terminate Request packets that the router transmits before assuming that the peer router on the other end of the link is unable to respond The valid acknowledgment is a Terminate ACK packet The default value is 2 packets Site Manager Max Terminate Requests parameter page A 16 3 12 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP Specifying the Maximum Configuration Failure Count The Max Configuration Failure Count parameter specifies the maximum number of Configure NAK packets that the router sends before sending a Configure Reject packet for those options that it does not agree with The default value is 10 packets Site Manage
91. rioritization see Configuring Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization 114068 Rev A 2 15 Configuring PPP Services The multilink feature uses the automatically enabled functions of protocol prioritization but only for interrupt queuing You cannot specify either traffic filters or priorities Multilink assigns the highest that is interrupt level priority to link control packets treating all other traffic as normal priority This gives PPP control messages precedence over other types of data while preserving the packet sequencing Differences between Multiline and Multilink Both multiline and multilink use circuits consisting of one or more data paths between two peer routers Each has its special characteristics and advantages described in the following paragraphs and summarized in Table 2 3 Table 2 3 Comparing Multiline and Multilink Feature Multiline Multilink Advantages Fault tolerance Fault tolerance Bandwidth availability Bandwidth availability Uses all lines in the bundle for greatest speed and efficiency Number of Upto 31 concurrent data Up to 30 lines bundle depending physical lines circuit paths group Data paths can either be physical or logical lines multiple independent data paths running over a single physical interface on platform constraints total bundle speed variance in member links speeds and traffic characteristics Please consult the Bay Networks Technical
92. rotocol parameter to LINKQR Site Manager Link Quality Protocol parameter page A 20 When you enable link quality monitoring and reporting through the link quality protocol you are turning on monitoring only for the local router The router on which you enable it is responsible for monitoring link quality for the connection By default link quality monitoring and reporting is disabled If you do not enable link quality monitoring and reporting ignore the rest of the link quality parameters Establishing the Timing of Link Quality Reports You can specify which peer is responsible for running the Link Quality Report Timer and set the maximum interval between the transmission of Link Quality Report packets Designating the Link Quality Report Timekeeper This parameter deals with the remote peer not the local one The setting determines whether the remote peer runs the Link Quality Report LOR timer for the connection Setting this parameter enables or disables the remote peer s LOR timer 114068 Rev A 3 19 Configuring PPP Services The peer whose timer is enabled generates one LQR packet for each interval specified in the LQR Reporting Period parameter The peer whose timer is disabled verifies that the other peer did in fact send an LQR If three successive LQRs are not received the receiving peer disables the connection Site Manager Peer Link Quality Report Timer parameter page A 21
93. rtions of the software were developed by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties ii 114068 Rev A Bay Networks Software License Note This is Bay Networks basic license document In the absence of a software license agreement specifying varying terms this license or the license included with the particular product shall govern licensee s use of Bay Networks software This Software License shall govern the licensing of all software provided to licensee by Bay Networks Software Bay Networks will provide licensee with Software in machine readable form and related documentation Documentation The Software provided under this license is proprietary to Bay Networks and to third parties from whom Bay Networks has acquired license rights Bay Networks will not grant any Software license whatsoever either exp
94. ructions MIB Object ID Authentication Timer Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 10 1 through 1000 seconds Sets the time limit the router waits for a response to its authentication messages Accept the default value 10 seconds or enter an integer in the range 1 through 1000 If you have not configured PAP or CHAP ignore this field 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 43 Convergence Timer Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 300 seconds 1 through 5000 seconds Limits the amount of time PPP attempts to negotiate a dial up connection If the timer expires the connection is dropped This parameter is valid only for switched PPP interfaces Accept the default value 10 seconds or enter an integer in the range 1 through 1000 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 44 Magic Num Disable Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines Enable Enable Disable Disables the loopback test that the peer normally performs as part of its network integrity checking The loopback test ensures that a peer is talking to the network not to itself Accept the default value Enable unless you are testing the connection After disabling this parameter you must explicitly set it to Enable to re enable loopback checking 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 45 A 26 114068 Rev A Appendix B Default PPP Configuration The PPP default configuration depends on which protocols you enable for the interface Tables B 1 and B 2 l
95. s a text string of up to 20 characters There is no default value Site Manager CHAP Local Name parameter page A 23 If you configure CHAP as an authentication protocol you must use CHAP Local Name for router identification on a dial on demand bandwidth on demand or dial backup line If you do not configure CHAP you cannot use CHAP Local Name for identification instead you must configure PAP 114068 Rev A 3 17 Configuring PPP Services Specifying the CHAP Authentication Challenge Interval The CHAP Periodic Timer parameter indicates the interval in seconds that must elapse between CHAP challenges You can specify any number of seconds Setting this value to 0 the default disables the timer A reasonable value for this parameter is 60 Site Manager CHAP Periodic Timer parameter page A 24 PPP allows repeated authentication challenges at an interval in seconds that either peer on the link can specify The timer begins counting when an authentication phase has completed A new challenge does not begin until the amount of time you specify elapses Enabling PAP Fallback If the peer sends a Configure NAK packet rejecting CHAP as the authentication protocol and if you have enabled PAP fallback the router offers PAP as the authentication protocol You must also have enabled PAP and provided a PAP password Site Manager Enable PAP Fallback parameter page A 20 Setting t
96. s is equal to or less than the number of lines available For bundles containing lines of different speeds PPP tries to send the smaller fragments over the slower lines This mechanism ensures a more even flow of data Packets sent over a multilink bundle have an outer header packet that contains a unique packet sequence number and allows for e Fragmentation of the original packets e Assignment of sequence numbers to each fragment e Transmission over a number of links in the bundle e Reassembly of the original sequence and packet size at the receiving peer Using Protocol Prioritization with Multiline and Multilink Note BNX software uses a different protocol prioritization mechanism from that described in this section For information on BNX traffic prioritization and congestion control mechanisms refer to Configuring Customer Access and Trunks BNX Software When you configure a router you can prioritize the different types of traffic sent across a synchronous line This process is called protocol prioritization The ability to prioritize traffic is important because some types of operations require faster responses than other types For example PPP control messages must have precedence over other types of data Selecting PPP on a circuit automatically enables protocol prioritization without specifying any filters With the multi ine feature you can configure both priorities and filters For more information about protocol p
97. sable calculating the percentage of multilink octets received on the line wfPppMIStatsReassmBufferCnt The number of multilink packets currently stored in the Reassembling buffer pools wfPppMIStatsReassmBufferMax The maximum number of multilink packets stored in the Reassembling buffer pools wfPppMIStatsNumPktsFragmented The number of multilink packets that were fragmented 114068 Rev A A address IP remote peer 3 2 AFN 2 11 allow PAP reject 3 16 Allow PAP Reject parameter A 24 AN 2 11 2 21 AppleTalk 2 3 configuring on a PPP interface 3 4 node number for remote peer 3 4 routing protocol 3 4 AppleTalk Control Protocol 2 3 AppleTalk Enable parameter A 4 B 1 AppleTalk Routing Protocol parameter A 9 B 1 ASN 2 11 2 21 async control character map 2 21 Async Control Character Map parameter A 25 B 3 asynchronous connection 2 20 modem 2 21 modem control characters 2 21 3 21 authentication 3 13 CHAP challenge interval 3 18 one way 2 8 timer 3 14 authentication protocols CHAP 2 2 2 7 local 3 14 PAP 2 2 2 7 setting parameters A 17 A 23 use with dial services 2 7 Index Authentication Timer parameter A 26 B 3 balancing traffic loads 2 14 bandwidth on demand 2 10 2 13 with multilink 2 12 Bay Networks CompuServe forum xx Customer Service FTP xix home page on World Wide Web xix InfoFACTS service xxi publications ordering xvi support programs xviii Support Source CD xx Techni
98. set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 19 CCP Enable Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces If you enable data compression when you configure PPP on this interface this parameter is automatically set to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables data compression This parameter does not enable or disable data compression for the interface However disabling the Compression Control Protocol CCP stops data compression over this interface To stop compression over this interface set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 49 A 6 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters Remote IP Address Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces 0 0 0 0 Any valid IP address Specifies the IP address the peer router should use This interface includes this IP address in NCP negotiations If you want to specify an IP address for the peer router enter it here If this interface has been up and running you must also set the IP Enable parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the IP Enable parameter to Enable to implement your changes 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 22 IPX Network Number Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces None Any valid unique unreserved network number This number must be a
99. ss these Bay Networks Information Services resources To open an account and receive a local dial up number in the United States call CompuServe at 1 800 524 3388 Outside the United States call 1 614 529 1349 or your nearest CompuServe office Ask for Representative No 591 When you are on line with your CompuServe account you can reach us with the command GO BAYNET XX 114068 Rev A InfoFACTS Technical Support and Online Services InfoFACTS is the Bay Networks free 24 hour fax on demand service This automated system has libraries of technical and product documents designed to help you manage and troubleshoot your Bay Networks products The system responds to a fax from the caller or to a third party within minutes of being accessed To use InfoFACTS in the United States or Canada call toll free 1 800 786 3228 Outside North America toll calls can be made to 1 408 764 1002 In Europe toll free numbers are also available for contacting both InfoFACTS and CompuServe Please check our Web page for the listing in your country How to Get Help Use the following numbers to reach your Bay Networks Technical Response Center Technical Response Center Telephone Number Fax Number Billerica MA 1 800 2LANWAN 508 670 8765 Santa Clara CA 1 800 2LANWAN 408 764 1188 Valbonne France 33 92 968 968 Sydney Australia 612 9927 8800 612 9927 8811 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 0
100. ssssss 3 16 114068 Rev A vii niensis lE 3 16 EUSTON MUMS GHAR kiss ianuas E Grad asaka ME duet Eae ERN Eb ud 3 17 lec cpuekip d sboubc a E 3 17 Specifying the CHAP Local NAME 5c rrr ra n1 Pr P UI re FH rh n aa 3 17 Specifying the CHAP Authentication Challenge Interval 3 18 Eitalbling PATE TSSIBEDIE sinici ai 3 18 Setting Up Link Quality MOnitOflg 22s eica tuno cha Sanaan btt denk bat nux id au kite anni dn 3 18 Enabling Link Quality Monitoring and Reporting enne enne nnn 3 19 Establishing the Timing of Link Quality Reports see 3 19 Designating the Link Quality Report Timekeeper sesssssess 3 19 Specifying the Link Quality Reporting Period sssssssss 3 20 Specifying the Inbound LINK Quality erre rrr rrr rrr nnn 3 20 Specifying the Cuibaund Link Quality 1 ies etra odi p bn rx ou EP Pk v Re be L dd RR he kd US 3 21 Specifying the Asynchronous Modem Control Character Map sssseuss 3 21 Viewing Line Statistics for Multilink Circuits sssrinin aaan 3 22 Disabling Loopback Checking eee TEN 3 24 DNA Lo oat oe far ER Se E Por MU DE UFERA ero ERU A Pr Es Ea ore E Pobre ellas reds 3 24 Were T5 ES bcs N E epe Do tenet de a dub EM HRK ris Sas habea A Uy ini ce A cere dap b dde 3 25 Appendix A PPP Parameters PPP internace Parameter DOSCHD OS uu aiehidqeu cune e iE octo ORG E
101. strator must change the identifier and password on both peer routers and disable and re enable LCP to reinitialize the line Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP imposes network security by requiring that the peers share a plain text secret The originating peer sends a challenge message to its receiving peer The receiving peer responds with a value it calculates on the basis of knowing the secret The first peer then matches the response against its own calculation of what the response should be If the values match it sends a success message and the LCP establishes the link CHAP uses an incrementally changing identifier and a variable challenge value to provide network security It also allows for repeated challenges at intervals that either router on a link can specify A router may transmit challenge packets not only during the link establishment phase but also at any time during the network layer protocol phase to ensure that the connection retains its integrity If CHAP fails the network administrator must change the identifiers and secret on both peer routers and disable and re enable LCP to reinitialize the line Note For all dial services you must use PAP or CHAP either of which provides an identification mechanism that is essential to bringing up dial on demand bandwidth on demand and dial backup lines Failure of either authentication protocol causes the connection to be dropped without the network administra
102. string of up to eight hexadecimal characters Oxffffffff is invalid Specifies a network number used to negotiate the link The negotiated number must be unique It cannot be a previously assigned network number Enter a valid IPX network number for this PPP interface The network number does not have to be the same on both sides of the link PPP negotiates the higher of the two numbers Note also that the negotiated IPX network number may be 0 on both sides of the link In this case IPX defines the link s network number 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 24 114068 Rev A A 7 Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID IPX Remote Node Number Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces None Any valid IPX node number Specifies the IPX node number the peer router should use This interface includes this IPX remote node number in NCP negotiations If you want to specify an IPX node number for the peer router enter it here If this interface has been up and running you must also set the IPX Enable parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the IPX Enable parameter to Enable to implement your changes 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 26 Remote AppleTalk Node Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces None Any valid AppleTalk node number Specifies the AppleTalk node number the p
103. structions MIB Object ID Fragmentation Min Size Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces 256 bytes 64 through the maximum transmission unit for the circuit This parameter is active only for multilink Specifies the minimum size of a packet that multilink will fragment When packet fragmentation over multilink is permitted accept the default or specify the minimum packet size that PPP will consider fragmenting 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 57 Max Links Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces 4 links 1 through 30 This parameter is active only for multilink It specifies the maximum number of links both leased and switched lines allowed in the multilink bundle for this circuit at any one time Accept the default 4 or enter a value in the range 1 through 30 If this is not a multilink circuit leave this parameter blank Up to 30 lines can be combined into a Multilink bundle depending upon platform constraints total bundle speed variance in member links speeds and traffic characteristics Please consult the Bay Networks Technical Response Center in your area for design guidelines for your particular network needs 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 58 A 12 114068 Rev A PPP Parameters Parameter Max Buffers Path Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces Default 30 buffers Range 10 through 60 buffers Function This parameter is active only for multilink It specifies the maximum allowable number of buffers stored by
104. t a free catalog of Bay Networks Press product publications xvi 114068 Rev A Technical Support and Online Services To ensure comprehensive network support to our customers and partners worldwide Bay Networks Customer Service has Technical Response Centers in key locations around the globe e Billerica Massachusetts e Santa Clara California e Sydney Australia e Tokyo Japan e Valbonne France The Technical Response Centers are connected via a redundant Frame Relay Network to a Common Problem Resolution system enabling them to transmit and share information and to provide live around the clock support 365 days a year Bay Networks Information Services complement the Bay Networks Service program portfolio by giving customers and partners access to the most current technical and support information through a choice of access retrieval means These include the World Wide Web CompuServe Support Source CD Customer Support FTP and InfoFACTS document fax service 114068 Rev A xvii Configuring PPP Services Bay Networks Customer Service If you purchased your Bay Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact that distributor s or reseller s technical support staff for assistance with installation configuration troubleshooting or integration issues Customers can also purchase direct support from Bay Networks through a variety of service programs As part of our PhonePlus program Bay N
105. t size packet that PPP may fragment wfPppCircuitMaxBuffers is the maximum allowable number of buffers for this circuit wfPppCircuitMaxLinks is the maximum number of links allowed in the multilink bundle for this circuit at any one time 3 22 114068 Rev A Customizing PPP e Inthe wfPppMlStatsEntry MIB wfPppMlIStatsReSeqBufferCnt is the current count of packets not fragments that the receiver has buffered because they arrived out of order To analyze the effects of fragmentation periodically observe this value under a typical traffic load without fragmentation enabled on the peer router and then observe the value with fragmentation enabled on the peer router Typically this number is higher in configurations with greatly differing line speeds This number should go down when fragmentation is enabled If this number is constantly at or near the maximum number of buffers allowed as indicated in wfPppCircuitMaxBuffers reset the maximum number of buffers allowed to a higher number In addition the higher the value of wfPppCircuitMaxLinkss the more likely it is you ll need to increase wfPppCircuitMaxBuffers wfPppMIStatsReSeqBufferMax is the maximum that wfPppMlIStatsReSeqBufferCnt ever reached wfPppMiStatsNumPktsFragmented counts the number of packets that have been fragmented transmit only This indicates how often the router judges that fragmentation is necessary wfPppMlIStatsTxPkts counts the total number of
106. te and view line and circuit statistics Configure authentication protocols Set up link quality monitoring Configure echo requests The following chapters describe how to do all of these tasks Where to Go Next Go to Chapter 2 to learn more about PPP concepts and characteristics Go to Chapter 3 for instructions on how to customize a PPP interface Go to Appendix A for a description of PPP parameters Go to Appendix B for a list of PPP parameter default values Go to Appendix C for a list of the PPP statistics that you can view 114068 Rev A Chapter 2 PPP Concepts This chapter describes PPP concepts that may help you decide how to customize the PPP parameters for your system This chapter also addresses special configuration features of Bay Networks Point to Point Protocol PPP services It contains basic guidelines on configuring PPP interfaces PPP Overview Point to Point Protocol PPP is a standard method of routing or bridging datagrams between peer routers or other devices over serial point to point links Figure 2 1 LAN LAN PN Router Synchronous Line PPP0001A Figure 2 1 Point to Point Network Connection PPP serves three major functions e Data link layer connection and management e Network layer connection and management e Datagram encapsulation 114068 Rev A 2 1 Configuring PPP Services PPP uses a suite of data link and
107. ter is automatically set to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the Network Control Protocol for AppleTalk This parameter does not enable or disable AppleTalk routing services for the interface it affects the Network Control Protocol for AppleTalk However disabling the Network Control Protocol for AppleTalk stops AppleTalk traffic from being routed over this interface To stop AppleTalk traffic from being routed over this interface set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 16 A 4 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters IPX Enable Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces If you enable Internet Packet Exchange IPX support when you configure PPP on this interface this parameter is automatically set to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the Network Control Protocol for IPX This parameter does not enable or disable IPX routing services for the interface it affects the Network Control Protocol for IPX However disabling the Network Control Protocol for IPX stops IPX traffic from being routed over this interface To stop IPX traffic from being routed over this interface set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 17 Bridge Enable Pro
108. ter to Enable to implement your changes 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 40 114068 Rev A A 9 Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Bridge FDDI Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether this PPP interface accepts bridged traffic that is FDDI encapsulated then forwards it over the PPP network Set to Disable to refuse bridged FDDI encapsulated frames on this PPP interface If this interface has been up and running you must also set the Bridge Enable parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the Bridge Enable parameter to Enable to implement your changes 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 42 Bridge Token Ring Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces Enable Enable Disable Specifies whether this PPP interface accepts bridged traffic that is Token Ring encapsulated then forwards it over the PPP network The Token Ring network must support source routing the router expects all Token Ring bridged frames to be source routed Set to Disable if you do not want the PPP interface to accept bridged Token Ring encapsulated frames If this interface has been up and running you must also set the Bridge Enable parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the Bridge Enable parameter to Enable to implement your changes 1 3 6
109. tilink wfPppMIStatsAvgTxListLen Average number of packets received in the transient list by the Multilink Transmit gate wfPppMIStatsRxOctets Number of octets received without error wfPppMIStatsRxPkts Number of packets received by multilink wfPppMIStatsReasmFails Number of packet reassembly failures wfPppMIStatsSeqNumberLost Number of multilink packets considered to be lost on the wire wfPppMIStatsSeqNumberArrivedLate Number of multilink packets that arrive containing an old sequence number that is packets with a more current sequence number have already been sent up to NCP continued 114068 Rev A C 1 Configuring PPP Services Table C 1 PPP Statistics continued MIB object name What it tells you wfPppMIStatsReSeqBufferCnt Number of multilink packets currently stored in the ReSequencing buffer pool wfPppMIStatsReSeqBufferMax The maximum number of multilink packets stored in the ReSequencing buffer pool wfPppMIStatsExceededBufferMax The number of times a buffer needed to be stored by the Multilink Receive logic when the count of buffers stored wfPppMIStatsReSeqBufferMax was equal to the maximum allowable for this circuit wfPppCircuitMaxBuffers wfPppMIStatsLinkldleEvents The number of times the Multilink Receive logic detected a stored buffer received on a line what has been declared idle wfPppMIStatsCalcPercent Enable di
110. tocols gt PPP gt Interfaces If you enable the bridge when you configure PPP on this interface this parameter is automatically set to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the Network Control Protocol for the bridge This parameter does not enable or disable bridging services for the interface it affects the Network Control Protocol for the bridge However disabling the Network Control Protocol for the bridge stops traffic from being bridged over this interface To stop traffic from being bridged over this interface set this parameter to Disable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 2 1 18 114068 Rev A A 5 Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID VINES Enable Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces If you enable VINES support when you configure PPP on this interface this parameter is automatically set to Enable Otherwise the default is Disable Enable Disable Enables or disables the Network Control Protocol for VINES This parameter does not enable or disable VINES routing services for the interface it affects the Network Control Protocol for VINES However disabling the Network Control Protocol for VINES stops VINES traffic from being routed over this interface To stop VINES traffic from being routed over this interface
111. tor s intervention 114068 Rev A 2 7 Configuring PPP Services One Way Authentication One way authentication uses an authentication protocol on only one side of a dial up connection The router placing the call disables the authentication protocol for a circuit while the router on the receiving side enables authentication Disabling the outbound authentication lets the router interoperate with other devices that may not allow two way authentication or support CHAP The receiving router can use both PAP and CHAP in the same line pool When the router receives a call it authenticates using the user configured protocol If the calling router rejects the authentication protocol CHAP the receiving router switches to PAP One way authenticationrequires that PAP and CHAP be enabled in the same line pool Set the PPP Local Authentication Protocol parameter to CHAP and enable PAP Fallback You must also configure certain options for the switched circuit itself See Configuring Dial Services for a description of how you must set up dial services to enable one way authentication Negotiating Network Layer Protocols PPP uses various network control protocols to determine the values of parameters during network layer negotiations the final phase of PPP initialization Like the LCP each network control protocol allows peer routers to negotiate various network options over the data link by transmitting Configure Request Configure ACK
112. ts sent over different lines of the link Starting with Version 11 0 PPP supports packet fragmentation and reassembly as described in the section Using Multilink Fragmentation on page 2 14 You can use the multilink feature over the following physical media e V35 e MCTI MCEI e ISDN B channel drivers e Raise DTR modems e V25bis modems Compatibility with Previous Versions A multi ine circuit using PPP cannot communicate with a router running a software version earlier than 9 0 Pre 9 0x versions use a multiline circuit with LCP running on only one line In this situation you must use uniline PPP A multi ink circuit can communicate only with a router running Version 10 0 or later software because earlier versions do not support the multilink feature Attempting to run multilink on a pre 10 0 version results in the multilink circuit dropping back to multiline Configuring Multilink Operation You configure a PPP multilink circuit by selecting the appropriate value in the PPP Mode parameter for the intended circuit This parameter controls whether the local side of the bundle attempts to negotiate the multilink protocol and whether the local circuit operates as the congestion monitor for bandwidth on demand The congestion monitor locally monitors traffic congestion on the circuit Only one side of any connection should be the congestion monitor 114068 Rev A 2 13 Configuring PPP Services Balancing Traffic Lo
113. tware available for use by any third party Neither title nor ownership to Software passes to licensee Licensee shall not provide or otherwise make available any Software in whole or in part in any form to any third party Third parties do not include consultants subcontractors or agents of licensee who have licensee s permission to use the Software at licensee s facility and who have agreed in writing to use the Software only in accordance with the restrictions of this license Third party owners from whom Bay Networks has acquired license rights to software that is incorporated into Bay Networks products shall have the right to enforce the provisions of this license against licensee Licensee shall not remove or obscure any copyright patent trademark trade secret or similar intellectual property or restricted rights notice within or affixed to any Software and shall reproduce and affix such notice on any backup copy of Software or copies of software resulting from modification or combination performed by licensee as permitted by this license 114068 Rev A iil Bay Networks Software License continued 10 11 12 Licensee shall not reverse assemble reverse compile or in any way reverse engineer the Software Note For licensees in the European Community the Software Directive dated 14 May 1991 as may be amended from time to time shall apply for interoperability purposes Licensee must notify Bay Networks in wr
114. ty you specify the router brings down the link until the percentage increases to an acceptable level 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 25 Outbound Link Quality Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 90 percent 0 through 100 Specifies the minimum acceptable success rate percentage of packets the router transmits and the peer router receives on this interface Use this parameter only when you enable the Link Quality Protocol parameter If the percentage drops below the outbound link quality you specify the router brings down the link until the percentage increases to an acceptable level 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 27 A 22 114068 Rev A Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID PPP Parameters CHAP Secret Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines None Any text string maximum 20 characters Specifies the CHAP secret you assign to this interface The CHAP secret must be the same on both sides of the link Both routers on a link must have the same secret to correctly calculate responses to challenges either one of them may send to the other during the authentication process and the network layer negotiation phase If you have not enabled CHAP ignore this field If you have enabled CHAP specify the secret To implement your changes set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the ch
115. ultilink circuits By default multilink fragmentation is enabled Bay Networks routers comply with RFC 1717 which defines PPP multilink Without multilink fragmentation when PPP sends packets over a multilink bundle it sends one packet over each line in sequence in a round robin fashion To optimize performance PPP does attempt to send fewer packets on the slower lines However some packets with higher sequence numbers sent over faster lines could be received earlier than packets with lower sequence numbers sent over slower lines Since PPP maintains the sequence of received packets the receiving peer must store the out of sequence packets until the delayed packet arrives and this can result in slower network performance If the number of packets needing to be resequenced is greater than the available allowed buffer space some packets could be considered late and discarded 2 14 114068 Rev A PPP Concepts When you enable fragmentation you can specify the minimum size packet that you want PPP to consider fragmenting The default minimum size is 256 bytes Even with fragmentation enabled PPP generally avoids splitting packets unless network performance considerations warrant it When necessary PPP splits packets into fragments and then sends the fragments over the lines in the bundle reassembling them on the receiving peer into the proper sequence PPP discards all fragments of an incomplete reassembly The number of fragment
116. want the peer router to maintain an LOR timer for the interface Reset this parameter to Disable if you do not want the peer to maintain the LQR timer for the interface To implement your changes set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 22 LQR Reporting Period Protocols PPP Interfaces Lines 3 seconds 1 through 120 Specifies the maximum number of seconds between the transmission of LOR packets Use this parameter only when you set the Link Quality Protocol parameter to LINKQR Enter a number representing the interval between the transmission of LOR packets To implement your changes set the Enable LCP parameter to Disable apply the change and then reset the parameter to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 9 2 1 1 23 114068 Rev A A 21 Configuring PPP Services Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Path Default Range Function Instructions MIB Object ID Inbound Link Quality Protocols gt PPP gt Interfaces gt Lines 90 percent 0 through 100 Specifies the minimum acceptable success rate percentage of packets the peer router transmits and this router receives on this interface over the last 5 LOR reporting periods Use this parameter only when you enable the Link Quality Protocol parameter If the percentage drops below the inbound link quali
117. y MIB 3 24 wfSyncMtu 3 24 wfSyncRejectsRx 3 24 wfSyncRejectsTx 3 24 World Wide Web Bay Networks home page on XIX X Xerox Network System Control Protocol XNSCP 2 3 Xerox Networking System XNS 2 3 XNS Enable parameter A 3 B 1 Xylogics 2 21 Index 8 114068 Rev A
118. y Renee x tres bad ner tr 2 10 Banowidionr Bamana reino 2 10 Dial BACKUP aia PLUR 2 10 PEPE KUMINE issn e E LEE e eer 2 10 PEE BIBBUE aicsean A EA 2 11 Usina PPP T1 NIRE DTE 2 12 Compatibility with Previous ValsiOItB uueiusisciiepetisst ttes ient aa or 2 13 C ntgurnng Maink OPANG m en 2 13 Balancing manio LOSIS muani D 2 14 Usin Mumink FESORBDUIIGE dscxouo Gassne occu uddeee adeat o a E sbae beds a buius 2 14 Using Protocol Prioritization with Multiline and Multilink sees 2 15 Differences between Multiline and Multilink eee 2 16 Monitoring PPP Link QUOI i ca cette aria yet eene dich aede ac tedas 2 17 PPF Dala om BSSIBIT Goa dvi nad etn ula dd ccu ii rides 2 19 Synchronous versus Asynchronous Connections essssseeeennes 2 20 Recognizing Asynchronous Modem Control Characters sssussss 2 21 PPP Eng Pat amplBES ananisikia drca std dad EM 2 22 ontidurimg IP Hun over PPP IMEISOBE surisi 2 22 Detecting Loopback CODIIBOR sedi e aed E o boe a e Gata ax e bo dass 2 23 PPP Sotware Compatibili IBSllOB iriiria tue ba ada eee 2 23 uilla ipe icu RN RET 2 24 Stopping the Flow of Traffic over a PPP Interface eesssseeeneenne 2 25 pr ELELEE ol er Cmm 2 25 Chapter 3 Customizing PPP Enabling PPP on a Merate uiii renean Gees neon aa Du Ctra E 3 1 Semina Up Remote Adresse Me n 3 2 Defining an IP Address for a Remote Peer

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