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Avaya Configuring DECnet Services User's Manual

1. 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Chapter 2 Enabling DECnet Services This chapter describes how to enable DECnet Phase IV services It assumes you have read Configuring Routers and that you have 1 Opened a configuration file 2 Specified router hardware if this is a local mode configuration file 3 Selected the link or net module connector on which you are enabling DECnet Phase IV or configured a WAN circuit if this connector requires one When you enable DECnet services you are required to specify only a few parameters The Configuration Manager supplies default values for the remaining parameters If you want to edit these default values refer to Chapter 3 Editing DECnet Parameters Note Although you can accept the default values for most DECnet parameters we recommend that you try to tune your DECnet configuration to closely match your actual configuration Typically when you customize the parameters DECnet uses less local memory enhancing DECnet performance For each DECnet parameter this guide provides the default setting valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the management information base MIB object ID 308619 14 00 Rev 00 2 1 Configuring DECnet Services The Technician Interface lets you modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands that specify the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more i
2. Function Instructions MIB Object ID Max Area 63 1 to 63 Specifies the highest area number in your DECnet network that is the number of areas in your DECnet network You may want to set this value lower than the default to conserve slot memory Refer to your network topology map and then enter the highest area number 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 15 Editing DECnet Interface Parameters To edit a DECnet interface begin at the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 and proceed as follows 1 Select Protocols DECnet IV Interfaces The DECnet IV Interface List window appears Figure 3 3 The window displays all interfaces on which DECnet is enabled 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 9 Configuring DECnet Services DECnet IV Interface List ens Apply Values Help E 7 Enable ENABLE Route Level LEVEL1 LEVEL2 Area ID 1 Node ID 2 Cost Hello Timer Figure 3 3 DECnet IV Interface List Window Click on the interface you want to edit Edit the parameters using the descriptions in the next section as a guide Click on Apply to implement your changes wv ROO Click on Done to exit the window Site Manager returns you to the Configuration Manager window Note When you reconfigure an interface in dynamic configuration mode DECnet restarts on that interface 3 10 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Editing DECnet Parameters DECnet Interface Parameter Description
3. Route Level Level 1 Level 2 Area ID None Node ID None Cost 10 Hello Timer 15s Max Routers 33 Router Priority 64 End Nodes MAC None End Routers MAC None Area Routers MAC None Node Hello Enable Router Hello Enable Level 1 Topology Update Enable Level 2 Topology Update Enable Table A 3 DECnet Static Route Parameters Parameter Default Static Route Enable Enable Route Type Level 2 Route Cost 10 Destination Area ID None Destination Node ID None Next Hop Area ID None Next Hop Node ID None 308619 14 00 Rev 00 DECnet Parameter Default Settings Table A 4 DECnet Static Adjacency Parameters Parameter Default Adjacency Enable Enable Adjacency Type Area Adjacency Priority None Adjacent Host Address None Adjacent Area ID None Adjacent Node ID None Table A 5 DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters Parameter Default DECnet 4 to 5 Transition Enable Enable Area Address Alias 1 hex None 308619 14 00 Rev 00 A 3 A accessing DECnet parameters 3 2 acronyms xiii adding static adjacency 3 24 to 3 27 static route 3 18 Adjacency Enable parameter 3 27 Adjacency Priority parameter 3 28 Adjacency Type parameter 3 27 adjacency See static adjacency Adjacent Area ID parameter 3 29 Adjacent Host Address parameter 3 28 Adjacent Node ID parameter 3 29 Area Address Alias 1 parameter 3 32 Area ID and DEC
4. Select Enable to make the static route record active again in the DECnet routing table If you did not first add a static route no default is displayed and you cannot configure this parameter When you add a static route this parameter defaults to Enable 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 8 1 2 Route Type Level 2 Level 1 Level 2 Specifies the type of traffic that is routed over this interface Level 1 routing is for routing data within an area Level 2 routing is for routing data between areas Select the traffic type for this static route If you did not first add a static route no default is displayed and you cannot configure this parameter When you add a static route this parameter defaults to Level 2 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 8 1 3 3 20 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing DECnet Parameters Route Cost 10 to 63 Specifies the total cost of a route to a destination address Keep in mind that routes with lower costs are preferred routes This means that you can force traffic over particular routes if you like Enter the route cost assigned to the static route If you did not first add a static route no default is displayed and you cannot configure this parameter When you add a static rout
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7. List Window Adding a Static Route To add a static route 1 Click on Add in the DECnet Static Routes List window refer to Figure 3 4 The DECnet Static Routes Configuration window appears Figure 3 5 3 18 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Editing DECnet Parameters DECnet Static Routes CONFIGURATION Cancel 0K Values Help Destination Node ID Next Hop Area ID Next Hop Node ID Figure 3 5 DECnet Static Routes Configuration Window 2 Define the static route parameters using the descriptions in the next section as a guide 3 Click on OK The DECnet Static Routes List window displays the new static route you defined 4 Repeat steps 1 through 3 to add more static routes DECnet Static Route Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as a guide when you configure the parameters in the DECnet Static Routes List and DECnet Static Routes Configuration windows refer to Figure 3 4 and Figure 3 5 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 19 Configuring DECnet Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Static Route Enable Enable Enable Disable Specifies the state active or inactive of the static route record in the DECnet routing tables Select Disable to make the static route record inactive in the DECnet routing table the DECnet router will not consider this static route
8. Nortel Networks router software works with DECnet services and describes the following Organization of end nodes and routers in a DECnet network Transmission of messages from the Nortel Networks router through the DECnet network Routing decision process for a DECnet network DECnet IV to V Transition feature Purpose of static routes Static adjacency support DECnet Network Organization A DECnet network contains two types of nodes end nodes and routers End nodes send and receive messages Routers transmit messages to end nodes and other routers on the network DECnet Phase IV Organization DECnet Phase IV is a networking protocol that supports large networks up to approximately 64 000 nodes You can divide each network into as many as 63 distinct areas each area contains up to 1023 nodes You must assign to each area an Area ID unique to the network You must also assign to each node within an area a Node ID unique to the area 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring DECnet Services Together the Area ID and Node ID form a 16 bit DECnet Phase IV address Figure 1 1 The first 6 bits identify the area in which the node resides the last 10 bits identify the node itself Each DECnet Phase IV address must be unique within the network 6 bits 10 bits OO uu DECO0001A Figure 1 1 DECnet Phase IV Address A Nortel Networks router running the routing software for a DECnet Phase IV network can serv
9. OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Licensee is responsible 308619 14 00 Rev 00 iii for the security of its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedures apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files data or programs 4 Limitation of liability IN NO EVENT WILL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREMENT SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF NORTEL NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO NORTEL NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE 5 Government Licensees This provision applies to all Software and documentation acquired directly or indirectly by or on behalf of the United States Government The Software and documentation are commercial products licensed on the open market at market prices and were developed entirely at private expense and without the use of any U S Government funds The license to the U S Government is granted only with restricted rights and use duplication or disclosure by the U S Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subpar
10. Phase IV Prefix defines the addresses eligible for translation within a local Phase IV routing domain The high order value of the Phase V System ID is AA000400 which is the DECnet architectural constant The Area component of the Phase IV address in the Phase V System ID is the same as the Area field of the Phase V Area Address Figure 1 5 shows how a router maps a DECnet Phase V address so that it is Phase IV compatible 308619 14 00 Rev 00 DECnet Overview DECnet IV address Area Node ID Ee Local Phase IV High Order DECnet IV address prefix AA000400 byte swapped Area address lt System ID gt DECnet V address DEC0005A Figure 1 5 DECnet Phase IV to Phase V Address Mapping The local Phase IV Prefix and Area fields of the Phase IV compatible address make up the Area Address The Area Address identifies the area in a DECnet network where a node resides The High Order and DECnet IV Address fields of the Phase IV compatible address make up the System ID The System ID identifies a node within an area Translating Data Packets With the DECnet IV to V Transition feature enabled a router can always translate a Phase IV data packet to a Phase V CLNP packet However there are restrictions when a router translates a Phase V packet to a Phase IV packet e The packet cannot be fragmented The packet must fit the Phase IV maximum transmission unit MTU size of 1498
11. Table 1 1 Router Forwarding Based on the Destination Address in the Packet Header Router Configuration Level 1 and Level 2 or Destination Address Level 1 Only Router Action Intra area either Forwards the packet toward the destination system Interarea Level 1 and Level 2 Forwards the packet to the next hop router node or end System specified in its forwarding database Interarea Level 1 Only Forwards the packet to the nearest Level 2 router Unknown either Returns the packet to the source node if the return to sender flag is set in the data packet Unreachable Level 1 and Level 2 Drops the packet for example if the maximum hops value is exceeded The Designated Router You assign a designated router to each circuit in a DECnet network If an end node on an Ethernet segment receives a packet it cannot forward either because the destination node s address is not in the end node s destination address cache or the destination node does not reside on the circuit the end node forwards the packet to the designated router The designated router then forwards the packet toward the destination You specify a designated router by assigning a router the highest priority value among all routers on the Ethernet circuit If you do not choose a designated router or if you assign two or more routers the same priority the router assigned with the highest Node ID becomes the designated router by defau
12. a DECnet network a default cost During the decision process the router running DECnet calculates the total path cost of forwarding a datagram along each possible path toward its destination The total path cost is the sum of the costs of the outbound circuits that make up the path Figure 1 3 The least cost path is the one that the router prefers Cost from A to B 12 Cost from B to A 15 Key End Node CL LLL eS Router DEC0003A Figure 1 3 Calculating the Least Cost Path 1 6 308619 14 00 Rev 00 DECnet Overview When deciding among multiple paths to a destination the router chooses the path that is assigned a lower path cost over one assigned a higher cost even if the lower cost path is longer Figure 1 4 If two paths have the same cost the router chooses the path whose next hop has the higher address The amount of traffic on a circuit does not affect the path selected by the router Once the router determines the least cost path to a destination it stores the identity of the corresponding adjacent router in its forwarding database The adjacent router is the next hop on the path toward the destination The router keeps separate forwarding databases for intra area and interarea routing If you configure the router to perform Level 1 Only routing it does not process Level 2 updates Instead it forwards interarea traffic to the nearest Level 2 router The comple
13. bytes 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring DECnet Services Phase IV to Phase V A router running DECnet Phase IV always attempts to forward a Phase IV data packet by looking up the destination address in the DECnet Phase IV forwarding tables If you enable the DECnet IV to V Transition feature the router performs the following actions 1 Ifthe router does not find the destination address in the Phase IV forwarding table the router maps the Phase IV address to a Phase V address and looks up its destination in the Phase V forwarding table 2 Ifthe router finds the destination address in the Phase V forwarding table the router running Phase V translates the source address and Phase IV data packet header to a Phase V CLNP packet header 3 Ifthe router does not find the destination address in the Phase V forwarding table the router running Phase V returns the packet to the router running Phase IV for error processing Phase V to Phase IV In the same way a router running DECnet Phase V always attempts to forward a Phase V CLNP packet by looking up the destination address in the DECnet Phase V forwarding tables If you enable the DECnet IV to V Transition feature and the router does not find the destination address the router performs the following actions 1 Ifthe address is Phase IV compatible the router maps the Phase V address to a Phase IV address and looks up its destination in the Phase IV forwarding table 2 Ifthe ro
14. information base MIB object ID 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 1 Configuring DECnet Services The Technician Interface lets you modify parameters by issuing set and commit commands that specify the MIB object ID This process is equivalent to modifying parameters using Site Manager For more information about using the Technician Interface refer to Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify that the value you enter for a parameter is valid Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration Accessing DECnet Parameters You access all DECnet parameters from the Configuration Manager window Figure 3 1 See Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for instructions on accessing this window Configuration Mode local SNMP Agent LOCAL FILE File Name extra smgr dnet cfg Model Link Node LN MIB Version x9 00 AUTE Description Connectors S405 ual Ethernet ES Sie al ae a CR CONSOLE 1E Figure 3 1 Configuration Manager Window To customize the router software for DECnet services edit any of these DECnet parameters e Global e Interface e Static route e Static adjacency e DECnetIV to V Transition 3 2 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Editing DECnet Parameters Editing DECnet Global Parameters To edit the DECnet global parameters begin at the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 and proceed as follows 1 Select Protocols gt D
15. of California Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement contact Nortel Networks 4401 Great America Parkway PO Box 58185 Santa Clara California 95054 8185 LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT UNDERSTANDS IT AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN NORTEL NETWORKS AND LICENSEE WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST NORTEL NETWORKS UNLESS NORTEL NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT iv 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Contents Preface nee De erii NN T OI DLL xi TT CEPON ONT EE xii PO E dace bep EXE rata d rS rhet aa Fra er daa E bebe Hua cap RR Fa P RR xiii Hard Gopy Technical BASES Luise deiude nanena dues Sox de xe cra Ox d xiv Fon to Get HEI ee ides adetie dn cdce edd aaa a aa XV Chapter 1 DECnet Overview DEC ist Maboorke Oren coude sposi Pra Rae ae ARR EROR EU E EUR OM EQ DNUS 1 1 DEGnat Phase IV Droanlzelidl zuiesescisercadi ct aonaia asecd detested abc dca bb aa nta 1 1 DEGhet Phase V Onanie alah aisida amb dd edu Kx I RAF ea 1 3 Routing DECnet Packets Across the Network ctcccccsccesesseeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeseaeeneeaeeseees 1 4 ThE PRU PIC RBS o voi Er Ee RR ERU
16. recognize that is the maximum number of circuits that this router can recognize We recommend accepting the default value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 9 3 6 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing DECnet Parameters Max Cost 1022 to 1022 Specifies the maximum path cost from this router to any destination node in the local area The path cost is the sum of the individual circuit costs between this router and the destination node The router declares a destination node unreachable if the least cost path to the destination node exceeds this number Determine the maximum path cost between this router and any node in the area and enter it here 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 10 Max Hops 30 1 to 30 Specifies the maximum path length in hops between this router and any other destination node in the local area A hop is the logical distance between two nodes Calculate the maximum path length in hops from this router to any other destination node in the area Double this number and enter it here 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 11 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 7 Configuring DECnet Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Functio
17. the highest Node ID contained within all areas We recommend accepting the default value If you change the default make certain to use the same value for each router in the network 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 6 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 5 Configuring DECnet Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Max Broadcast Non Routers 64 0 to 1023 Specifies the maximum number of end node adjacencies residing on all circuits for a single slot The higher the number of adjacent end nodes the greater the impact on the router s performance and memory use Consult your network topology drawing If there are more than 64 end node adjacencies on any of the router s slots increase this number to reflect your network topology 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 7 Max Broadcast Routers 32 0 to 1023 Specifies the maximum number of router adjacencies on all circuits for a single slot Consult your network topology drawing If there are more than 32 router adjacencies on any of the router s slots increase this number to reflect your network topology Decrease this number if there are fewer than 32 router adjacencies on a single slot 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 8 Max Circuits 1024 to 1024 Specifies the highest circuit number that this router can
18. to 1023 Specifies the Node ID portion of the static adjacency s DECnet address Enter the Node ID assigned to the static adjacency 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 7 1 4 Editing Static Adjacency Parameters To edit the parameters for an existing static adjacency 1 Select Circuits Edit Circuits in the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 The Circuit List window appears refer to Figure 3 6 listing the circuits configured on the router Select a DECnet circuit from this list and click on Edit The Circuit Definition window for the circuit appears refer to Figure 3 7 Select Protocols Edit DECnet IV Static Adjacencies in the Circuit Definition window The DECnet Static Adjacent Hosts List window appears refer to Figure 3 8 Click on the static adjacent host whose parameters you want to modify Edit the parameters you want to change 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 29 Configuring DECnet Services 6 Click on Apply to implement your changes 7 Repeatsteps 4 through 6 to edit additional static adjacencies 8 Click on Done to exit the window Deleting a Static Adjacency To delete a static adjacency 1 Select Circuits gt Edit Circuits in the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 The Circuit List window appears refer to Figure 3 6 listing the circuits configured on the router 2 Select a DECnet circuit from this list and click on Edit The Circuit Definition window fo
19. 00 Editing DECnet Parameters S tirwitlefitim Slot I CONSOLE Figure 3 7 Circuit Definition Window 3 Select Protocols gt Edit DECnet IV gt Static Adjacencies in the Circuit Definition window The DECnet Static Adjacent Hosts List window appears Figure 3 8 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 25 Configuring DECnet Services Done Add Delete Apply Values Help Adjacency Enable Adjacency Type Adjacency Priority Adjacent Host Address Figure 3 8 DECnet Static Adjacent Hosts List Window 4 Click on Add The DECnet Static Adjacency Configuration window appears Fi DECnet Static Adjacency CONFIGURATION Cancel OK Values Help Adjacent Node ID Figure 3 9 DECnet Static Adjacency Configuration Window 5 Enter an adjacent Area ID and an adjacent Node ID using the descriptions in the next section as a guide 3 26 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Editing DECnet Parameters Click on OK to exit the window and save your changes The DECnet Static Adjacent Hosts List window reappears The static adjacency you configured is displayed in the list Repeat steps 4 through 6 to add additional static adjacencies DECnet Static Adjacency Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as a guide when you configure the parameters in the DECnet Static Adjacent Hosts List window refer to Figure 3 8 and the DECnet Static Adjacency Configuration window refer to Figure 3 9 Paramete
20. 1 10 1 11 network organization for 1 1 parameters defaults for A 1 Node ID 2 3 DECnet Phase V 1 3 1 14 address for 1 4 1 10 advertising routes for 1 13 CLNP packet 1 10 1 11 link state packets 1 13 network organization for 1 3 DECnet services 1 4 to 1 9 defaults for DECnet parameters A 1 to A 3 deleting DECnet from the router 3 34 DECnet IV to V Transition 3 33 static adjacencies 3 30 static routes 3 23 designated router 1 9 specifying 3 14 Destination Area ID parameter 3 21 Destination Node ID parameter 3 21 disabling Hello messages 1 16 3 16 3 17 E editing DECnet global parameters 3 3 DECnet interface parameters 3 9 DECnet IV to V Transition parameters 3 31 static adjacency parameters 3 29 static route parameters 3 19 editing parameters 3 1 Enable parameter 3 11 Index 2 enabling DECnet on an interface 2 2 End Nodes MAC parameter 3 15 End Routers MAC parameter 3 15 F Frame Relay multicasting address 3 15 H Hello messages disabling 1 16 3 16 3 17 purpose of 1 6 Hello Timer parameter 3 13 high order value 1 10 hops maximum number of 1 7 3 7 3 8 interarea routing 1 4 intra area routing 1 4 L least cost path calculating 1 6 Level 1 and Level 2 routing configuring for interface 3 11 for router 3 4 defined 1 4 Level 1 Only Area parameter 3 5 Level 1 Only routing configuring area for router 3 5 for interface 3 11 for router 3 4 defined 1 4 Leve
21. 1 to 9 bytes followed by 2 bytes of the Phase IV area address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 6 1 17 3 32 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Editing DECnet Parameters Editing the DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters To edit the DECnet IV to V Transition parameters begin at the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 and proceed as follows 1 Select Protocols gt OSI gt Edit DECnet IV to V Transition The Edit DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters window appears This window contains the same fields as the Create DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters window refer to Figure 3 10 2 Edit the parameters using the descriptions in the previous section as a guide 3 Click on OK to implement your changes and exit the window Deleting the DECnet IV to V Transition To delete the DECnet IV to V Transition feature begin at the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 and proceed as follows 1 Select Protocols OSI Delete DECnet IV to V Transition A window pops up and prompts Do you REALLY want to delete OSI DECnet IV to V Transition 2 Click on OK The Configuration Manager window appears The DECnet IV to V Transition feature is no longer configured on the router 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 33 Configuring DECnet Services Deleting DECnet from the Router To delete the DECnet routing protocol from all router circuits on which it is currently enabled begin at the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 and p
22. BayRS Version 14 00 Part No 308619 14 00 Rev 00 September 1999 4401 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 Configuring DECnet Services NORTEL NETWORKS Copyright 1999 Nortel Networks All rights reserved Printed in the USA September 1999 The information in this document is subject to change without notice The statements configurations technical data and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable but are presented without express or implied warranty Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks NA Inc The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may only be used in accordance with the terms of that license A summary of the Software License is included in this document Trademarks NORTEL NETWORKS is a trademark of Nortel Networks Bay Networks ACE AFN AN BCN BLN BN BNX CN FRE LN Optivity Optivity Policy Services and PPX are registered trademarks and Advanced Remote Node ANH ARN ASN BayRS BaySecure BayStack BayStream BCC BCNX BLNX Centillion EtherSpeed FN IP AutoLearn Passport SN SPEX Switch Node System 5000 and TokenSpeed are trademarks of Nortel Networks Microsoft MS MS DOS Win32 Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation All other trademarks and regist
23. E B UERSUM RTI ERA EIRENE 1 5 Misc Mudo t tee pain rps E E E E E E E ermineneeT aut 1 5 Bulles e 1 6 EUS IGN Nee caused NC 1 6 Forwarding Process Aan is IAE TOT ne rye TUNE The Despues HOUUDE Soon e RR PER pM AE RR TER FERRE IE Na Ra va Reve a RM PRU RUD 1 9 m xara TO WARSI ETT E DO DT 1 10 Translating DEC Het Aas SO oraire pepe tcu Ee eqcmn PEE SURE MIB RENE REOR 1 10 Tamana Date POCO a rd qo dd Leere m a FE enci a Predator 1 11 Phase IV to Phase V sends E E E E LET UD RCEORR T A 1 12 Phase V 1O p ec 1 12 PAVO GUS cnra itnn Seu und oe bust sita A E Sut Uu ee duty S 1 13 DEGnet IY ta V Basic Transition Strategy iusuceosssiae een none re aane eiae 1 14 es J TAT 1 15 Statie C aos CNMI aupasaspadadanguidnaesedrondsrcenrn a bud tao A mre og da Fd Rd 1 16 For More TGV eR 1 18 308619 14 00 Rev 00 V Chapter 2 Enabling DECnet Services Enabling DECnet Phase IV on an Interface r nme ntn menn 2 2 Chapter 3 Editing DECnet Parameters Ac gssing DECIEL Paremelele iiu re npa eb ANAS 3 2 Editing DEOpet Global Parameters issues cecus acide erts Fame RUE Ea RU RD a 3 3 DECnet Global Parameter Descriptions iccen cae tco ta puero estar este e pH ccsa p ber C DERE 3 4 Editing DECnat Interface ParamelelS Luesiosesetn erii Dppo PU er OR CO FLUR GF Gl a 3 9 DECnet Interface Parameter Descriptions Senile sue ee sheen eet ASN CL ING SN MOIE das e
24. ECnet IV gt Global The Edit DECnet Global Parameters window appears Figure 3 2 Edit Decnet Global Parameters Cancel OK Values Help Route Enable ENABLE Route Level MEVEL1 LEVEL2 Level1 Only Area Broadcast Route Timer Route Max Addr Max Broadcast Non Routers Max Broadcast Routers Max Circuits Max Cost Max Hops Figure 3 2 Edit DECnet Global Parameters Window 2 Edit the parameters using the descriptions in the next section as a guide 3 Click on OK to save your changes and exit the window Site Manager returns you to the Configuration Manager window 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 3 Configuring DECnet Services DECnet Global Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as a guide when you configure the parameters in the Edit DECnet Global Parameters window refer to Figure 3 2 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Route Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables DECnet routing on the entire Nortel Networks router Set to Disable only if you want to globally disable DECnet routing on all interfaces where it is configured Otherwise use the default setting 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 2 Route Level Level 1 and Level 2 Level 1 and Level 2 Level 1 Only Determines whether the router performs both Level 1 and Level 2 routing or Level 1 Only rout
25. IV network to a Phase V network 1 All routers run Phase IV with contiguous areas and contiguous Level 2 backbone All routers continue to run Phase IV On an individual basis routers run Phase V with the DECnet IV to V Transition feature enabled All routers running Phase V are contiguous within areas All routers in the routing domain run Phase IV and Phase V with the DECnet IV to V Transition feature enabled Phase IV is turned off on an individual basis continuity is not necessary at this point If Phase IV routing fails for a particular DECnet data packet then the router forwards the packet using Phase V All routers run Phase V Only routers with adjacent Phase IV only end nodes run Phase IV and Phase V with the DECnet IV to V Transition feature enabled A Phase V host runs in Phase IV compatible mode when it is on the same local area network LAN segment as a Phase IV host For details on adding the DECnet IV to V Transition feature and editing the parameters refer to Chapter 3 308619 14 00 Rev 00 DECnet Overview Static Routes Figure 1 7 The Nortel Networks routing software for DECnet services allows you to configure static routes to another network or node for the Nortel Networks router Static routes are manually configured routes that specify the transmission path a datagram must follow based on the datagram s destination address Use static routes and disable the sending o
26. a ID is the first 6 bits of a DECnet node address You specify the Area ID on a circuit by circuit basis because a single Nortel Networks router can have individual circuits residing in different areas Enter the Area ID assigned to this circuit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 4 Note If you set the DECnet global parameter Route Level to Level 1 Only the Area ID you specify in the Edit DECnet Global Parameters window overrides this parameter setting Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Node ID None 1 to 1023 Specifies a unique DECnet Node ID for this circuit The Node ID is the last 10 bits of a DECnet node address Note that individual circuits on a Nortel Networks router can have different Node IDs Enter the Node ID assigned to this circuit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 5 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing DECnet Parameters Cost 10 1 to 63 Specifies the relative cost of routing over this circuit The sum of the individual outbound circuit costs from a source node to a destination node is the total path cost When the router receives a data packet it decides which circuit to forward the packet over based on the least cost path toward the destination If you want the circuit to be used on a regular basis assign it a low c
27. agraph c 1 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause of FAR 52 227 19 and the limitations set out in this license for civilian agencies and subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS 252 227 7013 for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors whichever is applicable 6 Use of Software in the European Community This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May 1991 will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability Licensee agrees to notify Nortel Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Nortel Networks 7 Term and termination This license is effective until terminated however all of the restrictions with respect to Nortel Networks copyright in the Software and user manuals will cease being effective at the date of expiration of the Nortel Networks copyright those restrictions relating to use and disclosure of Nortel Networks confidential information shall continue in effect Licensee may terminate this license at any time The license will automatically terminate if Licensee fails to comply with any of the terms and conditions of the license Upon termination for any
28. ctly attached to it It periodically receives routing control messages from its adjacent routers These routing updates inform the router of the current network topology For example if a circuit on a router fails or another circuit is added the network topology changes The router then generates and transmits routing updates to all adjacent routers informing them of the changes Timers control how often the router sends out updates Routing updates describe which nodes in the local area are reachable called node or Level 1 topology updates and which other areas in the network are reachable called area or Level 2 topology updates Routers use this information to update their routing tables 308619 14 00 Rev 00 1 5 Configuring DECnet Services Listening Process The router periodically receives Hello messages from its adjacent routers informing it of their identity and of the circuits the router can use to reach the adjacent nodes The router stores this information in an adjacency table thus creating a database of next hops to use to forward data packets A hop is the logical distance between two nodes Decision Process The router calculates the least cost paths from itself to all other systems it can reach using information it receives from other routers and stores in routing tables If the least cost path is disabled or a node fails the router finds an alternate path if one exists Site Manager assigns every circuit on
29. cuits or group address SMDS circuits that you obtain from your service provider If you do not specify a value for this parameter broadcast traffic will be sent to all virtual circuits configured on the interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 33 Node Hello Enable Enable Disable When disabled keeps the DECnet router from sending Hello packets to end nodes Use this parameter with a static adjacency to limit the amount of traffic sent over a WAN connection To limit the amount of traffic traversing the WAN connection between static adjacencies set this value to Disable Otherwise accept the default setting 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 34 3 16 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing DECnet Parameters Router Hello Enable Enable Disable When disabled keeps the DECnet router from sending Hello packets to other routers Use this parameter with a static adjacency to limit the amount of traffic sent over a WAN connection To limit the amount of traffic traversing the WAN connection between static adjacencies set this value to Disable Otherwise accept the default setting 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 35 Level 1 Topology Update Enable Enable Disable When disabled keeps the DECnet router fr
30. d Phase V configured 4 Because the destination address of the packet is a Phase V end node the router maps the address to a Phase V address and then looks it up in the Phase V forwarding tables The router then translates the source address and packet header 5 The router then forwards the packet to the Phase V end node Advertising Routes With the DECnet IV to V Transition feature enabled the only routing information exchanged between DECnet Phase IV and Phase V is end node addresses The Phase IV router advertises Phase V end nodes in Level 1 topology update packets The DECnet Phase V router can reside in only one area Therefore the Phase V router advertises Phase IV end nodes in Level 1 link state packets only for the areas in common between Phase IV and Phase V 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring DECnet Services DECnet IV to V Basic Transition Strategy Nortel Networks uses a dual stack approach to support the DECnet IV to V Transition feature This approach provides the following advantages Phase IV and Phase V routing are done in parallel A router routes packets whose source and destination nodes operate the same phase of DECnet using their native routing protocol A router translates a packet when necessary and only once You can transition routers incrementally rather than all at once The following strategy allows you to use the DECnet IV to V Transition feature to support a graceful migration from a Phase
31. d by the University of California Berkeley The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from such portions of the software without specific prior written permission SUCH PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE In addition the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Nortel Networks NA Inc Software License Agreement NOTICE Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre enabled software each of which is referred to as Software in this Agreement BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH NORTEL NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE If you do not accept these terms and conditions return the product unused and in the original shipping container within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price 1 License Grant Nortel Networks NA Inc Nortel Networks grants the end user of t
32. e Example If the command syntax is show at valid route valid routeis one variable and you substitute one value for it Indicates system output for example prompts and system messages Example Set Trap Monitor Filters Shows menu paths Example Protocols IP identifies the IP option on the Protocols menu Separates choices for command keywords and arguments Enter only one of the choices Do not type the vertical line when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip alerts routes you enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes but not both This guide uses the following acronyms AFI CLNP DSP ES IS IDI IDP IS IS authority and format identifier Connectionless Network Protocol domain specific part End System to Intermediate System Initial Domain Identifier initial domain part Intermediate System to Intermediate System 308619 14 00 Rev 00 xiii Configuring DECnet Services MAC media access control MIB management information base MTU maximum transmission unit NSAP Network Service Access Point OSI Open Systems Interconnection SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Service WAN wide area network Hard Copy Technical Manuals You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free directly from the Internet Go to support baynetworks com library tpubs Find the product for which you need documentation Then locate the specific category and model or versio
33. e this parameter defaults to 10 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 8 1 6 Destination Area ID None to 63 Specifies the Area ID portion of the static route s destination DECnet address Enter the Area ID of the area in which the destination of this route resides 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 8 1 4 Destination Node ID None to 1023 Specifies the Node ID portion of the static route s destination DECnet address Enter the Node ID of the destination end system of this static route 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 8 1 5 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 21 Configuring DECnet Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Next Hop Area ID None 1 to 63 Specifies the DECnet Area ID of the intermediate system that is the next hop on the path to the destination end system Enter the Area ID assigned to the next hop intermediate system 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 8 1 7 Next Hop Node ID None 1 to 1023 Specifies the DECnet Node ID of the intermediate system that is the next hop on the path to the destination end system Enter the Node ID assigned to the next hop intermediate system 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 8 1 8 3 22 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Editing DECnet Parameters Editing Static Route Parameters To edit a static route 1 Select the static route that you want to edit from the list in the DECnet Static Routes List window
34. each the neighbor Unless a static adjacency is explicitly deleted from the system it remains in the router s adjacency database even if the router never receives Hello messages from the adjacent host Thus by configuring static adjacencies and disabling Hello message generation you reduce Hello message traffic between the router and its neighbors Note Static adjacencies are recommended over wide area network lines to help reduce overhead traffic Static adjacencies are not recommended over local area network connections because if a remote node is removed from the network the local router does not recognize the topology change For example DECnet Routers A and B reside in the same area Figure 1 8 6 bits 10 bits D L ee eae DECO001A Figure 1 8 Static Adjacencies Defined for Routers Residing in the Same Area The only network information that the routers need to exchange is Level 1 topology information To reduce traffic overhead do the following e Configure a static adjacency for interface S1 that specifies its neighbor interface S2 on Router B 308619 14 00 Rev 00 DECnet Overview e Configure a static adjacency for interface S2 that specifies its neighbor interface S1 on Router A e Set the Router Hello parameter to Disable for both interfaces As a result the routers know about each other s existence even though no Hello messages are exchanged If two Level 2 routers reside in differen
35. ed 1 16 deleting 3 30 editing 3 27 parameter descriptions for 3 27 to 3 29 static route adding 3 18 configuring 3 18 defined 1 15 deleting 3 23 editing 3 23 parameter descriptions for 3 19 to 3 22 Static Route Enable parameter 3 20 support Nortel Networks xv System ID 1 10 T technical publications xiv technical support xv text conventions xii Ww wide area network 1 15 Index 3
36. ered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability Nortel Networks NA Inc reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice Nortel Networks NA Inc does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Portions of the code in this software product may be Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms of such portions are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation advertising materials and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that such portions of the software were develope
37. f Level 1 and Level 2 topology update packets to reduce traffic over wide area networks WANs or slow links Static routes restrict the paths that datagrams follow to paths you specifically configure For example Figure 1 7 shows three Level 2 routers that reside in different areas To configure a static route from Router A to Router C you must specify the source address next hop and destination address Because this is a route from Area 1 to Area 2 the static route type is Level 2 Next Hop Destination Router DEC0007A Static Routes Defined for Routers Residing in Different Areas Refer to Configuring Static Routes in Chapter 3 for details on adding editing and deleting static routes 308619 14 00 Rev 00 1 15 Configuring DECnet Services Static Adjacency Support The Nortel Networks routing software for DECnet services creates and maintains its adjacency database by periodically broadcasting Hello messages to its neighbors In DECnet terminology an adjacency is a directly connected circuit neighbor pair toward which packets are forwarded by the router a neighbor is an adjacent host The neighbor can be a Level 1 or Level 2 router or an end node The Nortel Networks routing software for DECnet services allows you to configure static adjacencies for the Nortel Networks router Static adjacencies specify the DECnet and data link layer address of the neighbor and the circuit used to r
38. he Area ID assigned to this circuit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 3 1 1 Node ID None 1 to 1023 Specifies a unique DECnet Node ID for this circuit The Node ID is the last 10 bits of a DECnet node address Note that individual circuits on a Nortel Networks router may have different Node IDs Enter the Node ID assigned to this circuit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 3 1 2 308619 14 00 Rev 00 2 3 Chapter 3 Editing DECnet Parameters After you enable a DECnet interface you can use Site Manager to e Edit DECnet parameters Add edit or delete a static route a static adjacency or the DECnet IV to V Transition e Delete DECnet globally from the Nortel Networks router The instructions in this chapter assume that you have already configured at least one DECnet interface If you have not yet configured a DECnet interface or if you want to add additional DECnet interfaces refer to Chapter 2 Enabling DECnet Services Note You must configure both DECnet Phase IV and OSI on each network interface participating in a DECnet IV to V Transition If you have a mixed Phase IV and Phase V network see Configuring OSI Services for details on configuring OSI For instructions on configuring DECnet filters see Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager For each DECnet parameter this guide provides the default setting valid parameter options the parameter function instructions for setting the parameter and the management
39. he Software Licensee a personal nonexclusive nontransferable license a to use the Software either on a single computer or if applicable on a single authorized device identified by host ID for which it was originally acquired b to copy the Software solely for backup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software and c to use and copy the associated user manual solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee This license applies to the Software only and does not extend to Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicable Nortel Networks NA Inc Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for such software 2 Restrictions on use reservation of rights The Software and user manuals are protected under copyright laws Nortel Networks and or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and user manuals including any revisions made by Nortel Networks or its licensors The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or user manuals Licensee may not modify translate decompile disassemble use for any competitive analysis reverse engineer distribute or create derivative works from the Software or user manuals or any copy
40. icate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example If the command syntax is ping ip address you enter ping 192 32 10 12 Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter Example Enter show ip alerts routes Example Use the dinfo command Indicate required elements in syntax descriptions where there is more than one option You must choose only one of the options Do not type the braces when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip alerts routes you must enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes but not both Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions Do not type the brackets when entering the command Example If the command syntax is show ip interfaces alerts you can enter either show ip interfaces or show ip interfaces alerts Indicate that you repeat the last element of the command as needed Example If the command syntax is ethernet 2 1 parameter value you enter ethernet 2 1 and as many parameter value pairs as needed Xii 308619 14 00 Rev 00 italic text Screen text separator gt vertical line Acronyms Preface Indicates file and directory names new terms book titles and variables in command syntax descriptions Where a variable is two or more words the words are connected by an underscor
41. ice multiple areas that is you can assign a DECnet Phase IV address to each of the router s individual interfaces rather than to the entire router For example if a router resides in multiple areas has circuits connecting to more than one area you assign an Area ID and Node ID for each area to which it connects A router can also have several interfaces each one with a unique Node ID in the same area In Figure 1 2 circuits E21 and E22 have different DECnet addresses even though they connect to the same router Note that each circuit s address is still unique within its area and within the DECnet network 308619 14 00 Rev 00 DECnet Overview Area 10 Circuit E22 Area 1 Circuit E21 E Area ID 1 Node ID 3 DECnet Phase IV address for circuit E21 1 3 Area ID 10 Node ID 100 Key DECnet Phase IV address for circuit E21 10 100 End Node CL JL AI Router DEC0002A Figure 1 2 Nortel Networks Router with Multiple DECnet Addresses DECnet Phase V Organization DECnet Phase V is an implementation of the Open Systems Interconnection OSI Connectionless mode Network Layer protocols These protocols include Connectionless Network Protocol CLNP End System to Intermediate System ES IS protocol and Intermediate System to Intermediate System IS IS protocol 308619 14 00 Rev 00 1 3 Configuring DECnet Services Each system in a DECnet Phase V netw
42. ided will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 90 days from the date Software is first shipped to Licensee Nortel Networks will replace defective media at no charge if it is returned to Nortel Networks during the warranty period along with proof of the date of shipment This warranty does not apply if the media has been damaged as a result of accident misuse or abuse The Licensee assumes all responsibility for selection of the Software to achieve Licensee s intended results and for the installation use and results obtained from the Software Nortel Networks does not warrant a that the functions contained in the software will meet the Licensee s requirements b that the Software will operate in the hardware or software combinations that the Licensee may select c that the operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or error free or d that all defects in the operation of the Software will be corrected Nortel Networks is not obligated to remedy any Software defect that cannot be reproduced with the latest Software release These warranties do not apply to the Software if it has been i altered except by Nortel Networks or in accordance with its instructions ii used in conjunction with another vendor s product resulting in the defect or iii damaged by improper environment abuse misuse accident or negligence THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND LIMITATIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL
43. ing Select Level 1 and Level 2 routing to maintain paths to all areas within a DECnet network Select Level 1 Only to maintain paths to only those systems within the router s local area If you select Level 1 Only routing you can only configure router interfaces as Level 1 Only 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 16 8 4 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing DECnet Parameters Level 1 Only Area 1 1 to 63 Specifies the DECnet Area ID for all circuits if you configured the router as Level 1 Only The Area ID is the first 6 bits of a DECnet node address Specify the Area ID by entering a number from 1 to 63 You cannot configure this parameter unless you first configure the router to perform Level 1 Only routing 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 20 Broadcast Route Timer 180 1 to 65535 Determines the maximum amount of time in seconds between routing updates that the router issues If no routing update occurs before this timer expires the router generates a routing update automatically Enter a number from 1 to 65535 If you want the Nortel Networks router to generate routing updates more frequently enter a lower value than the current one 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 4 Route Max Addr 1023 1 to 1023 Specifies
44. it All these nodes know the address of the designated router If you do not choose a designated router or if you assign two or more routers the same priority the router with the highest Node ID becomes the designated router by default Enter a router priority value from 0 to 127 If you want this node to be the designated router on this circuit assign it the highest priority value among all routers on the circuit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 7 8 Adjacent Host Address None Depends on the circuit type see below Specifies the address of an adjacent host Enter the adjacent host address by following these guidelines e Tf this circuit is not an X 25 PDN circuit enter the 48 bit Ethernet address of the static adjacency e If this circuit is an X 25 circuit that connects to an X 25 permanent virtual circuit PVC enter an X 25 logical channel number e If this circuit is an X 25 circuit that connects to an X 25 switched virtual circuit SVC then enter a valid X 121 address 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 7 9 3 28 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing DECnet Parameters Adjacent Area ID None 1 to 63 Specifies the Area ID portion of the static adjacency s DECnet address Enter the Area ID assigned to the static adjacency 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 7 1 3 Adjacent Node ID None 1
45. l 1 topology update packets 1 13 1 15 Level 1 Topology Update parameter 3 17 Level 2 backbone 1 14 Level 2 topology update packets 1 15 Level 2 Topology Update parameter 3 17 link state packets 1 13 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Max Area parameter 3 9 Max Broadcast Non Routers parameter 3 6 Max Broadcast Routers parameter 3 6 Max Circuits parameter 3 6 Max Cost parameter 3 7 Max Hops parameter 3 7 Max Routers parameter 3 14 Max Visits parameter 3 8 maximum transmission unit MTU 1 11 N Next Hop Area ID parameter 3 22 Next Hop Node ID parameter 3 22 Node Hello parameter 3 16 Node ID configuring for interface 2 3 3 12 defined 1 2 nodes maximum number of 1 1 types of 1 1 NSAP Network Service Access Point address DECnet Phase V 1 4 NSAP Network Service Access Point address for DECnet phase V 1 10 O Open Systems Interconnection OSI 1 3 3 30 P parameters defaults A 1 parameters See individual parameter names Phase IV prefix 1 10 Phase IV compatible address 1 10 product support xv publications hard copy xiv 308619 14 00 Rev 00 R Route Cost parameter 3 21 Route Enable parameter 3 4 Route Level parameter 3 4 3 11 Route Max Addr parameter 3 5 Route Type parameter 3 20 Router Hello parameter 1 17 3 17 Router Priority parameter 3 14 S Site Manager 3 2 SMDS group address 3 15 3 16 static adjacency adding 3 24 to 3 27 configuring 3 23 defin
46. lt See Chapter 3 for details on assigning the designated router 308619 14 00 Rev 00 1 9 Configuring DECnet Services DECnet IV to V Transition The DECnet IV to V Transition feature provides the following capabilities Routers running DECnet Phase V can map DECnet Phase IV network layer addresses to compatible Phase V NSAP addresses and convert Phase IV data packets to Phase V Connectionless Network Protocol CLNP packets before forwarding them to a Phase V end node Routers running DECnet Phase IV can map DECnet Phase V NSAP addresses to compatible Phase IV addresses and convert Phase V CLNP packets to Phase IV data packets before forwarding them to a Phase IV end node Routers running Phase V can learn and advertise adjacent Phase IV end node addresses Routers running Phase IV can learn and advertise adjacent Phase V end node addresses Routers running DECnet Phase IV or DECnet Phase V can forward packets without translation when routing their native protocols Translating DECnet Addresses With the DECnet IV to V Transition feature enabled a router can always translate a DECnet Phase IV network layer address to a Phase V NSAP address However because a Phase V address is larger than a Phase IV address a router can translate a Phase V address only if it is Phase IV compatible A Phase V address is Phase IV compatible if The leading bytes of the Phase V address match the configured local Phase IV Prefix The local
47. n Instructions MIB Object ID Max Visits 63 to 63 Detects routing loops by enabling the packet lifetime control which limits the number of times a packet can pass through a router If the router receives a packet that 1 is not destined for the router and 2 whose Max Visits value is exceeded the router discards the packet because it has traversed too many nodes Determine the maximum path length in hops between the two nodes farthest apart on the network Enter a number that is at least as large as this value 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 12 Area Max Cost 1022 to 1022 Specifies the maximum path cost from this router to any other area in the network The router declares a destination area unreachable if the least cost path to the destination area exceeds this number Determine the total path cost of the longest path between this router and any other area in the network and enter it here 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 13 Area Max Hops 30 1 to 30 Specifies the maximum path length in hops from this router to any other destination area in the network The router declares a destination area unreachable if the path length to the destination area exceeds this number Determine the maximum path length in hops from this router to any other destination area in the network Double this number and enter it here 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 1 14 3 8 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Editing DECnet Parameters Parameter Default Options
48. n d vex ice vERLH nl FV REL ct ERIT GU VER EVE RN OO 1 2 Nortel Networks Router with Multiple DECnet Addresses 1 3 Calculating tha Least Cost PAIR pricier anneren aniar 1 6 Least Cost Path to a Destination sss 1 8 DECnet Phase IV to Phase V Address Mapping T nu 1 11 Translation of a DECnet Phase IV Data Packet to a Pligse Y CLNP PSSRel oripa Rex area EE sad or Fa vod Had RiE 1 13 Static Routes Defined for Routers Residing in Different Areas 1 15 Static Adjacencies Defined for Routers Residing in the Same Area 1 16 Static Adjacencies Defined for Routers Residing in Different Areas 1 17 DECnet Iv Configuration Wingo Lucius erccce tree pete nece ine erbe iE EEG 2 2 Configuration Manager Window aae cnidemrasatetrktecace ta n 3 2 Edit DECnet Global Parameters Window ET m ia dude DECnet IV Interface Dist Window isa sem iri er EFE Reb Lea Eg Lek VET na 3 10 DECnet Static Routes List WindOW ooa ceret eunti anon h a norint 3 18 DECnet Static Routes Configuration Window ssessssss 3 19 Gre List NON curae vade Een Een pereo cp n a PPP ERR EP 3 24 Circuit Definition Window P ESSERE HUGE Rinnan daa denian 3 25 DECnet Static Adjacent Hosts List Window sssssesssss 3 26 DECnet Static Adjacency Configuration Window 3 26 Create DECnet IV to V Transition Paramete
49. n for your hardware or software product Using Adobe Acrobat Reader you can open the manuals and release notes search for the sections you need and print them on most standard printers You can download Acrobat Reader free from the Adobe Systems Web site www adobe com You can purchase selected documentation sets CDs and technical publications through the collateral catalog The catalog is located on the World Wide Web at support baynetworks com catalog html and is divided into sections arranged alphabetically e The CD ROMs section lists available CDs e The Guides Books section lists books on technical topics e The Technical Manuals section lists available printed documentation sets xiv 308619 14 00 Rev 00 How to Get Help Preface If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance If you purchased a Nortel Networks service program contact one of the following Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers Technical Solutions Center Telephone Number Billerica MA 800 2LANWAN 800 252 6926 Santa Clara CA 800 2LANWAN 800 252 6926 Valbonne France 33 4 92 96 69 68 Sydney Australia 61 2 9927 8800 Tokyo Japan 81 3 5402 7041 308619 14 00 Rev 00 XV Chapter 1 DECnet Overview This chapter shows how
50. net Phase V address mapping 1 10 defined 1 2 specifying for an interface 2 3 3 12 for static adjacency 3 27 for static route 3 21 globally 3 5 Area ID parameter 2 3 3 12 Area Max Cost parameter 3 8 Area Max Hops parameter 3 8 Area Routers MAC parameter 3 16 Broadcast Route Timer parameter 3 5 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Index C Connectionless Network Protocol CLNP packet DECnet phase V 1 10 conventions text xii Cost parameter 3 13 customer support xv D DECnet configuration parameters See individual parameter names defaults A 1 deleting from the router 3 34 enabling on the router 2 2 Level 1 routing 1 4 Level 2 routing 1 4 listening process for 1 6 overview of 1 1 routing process for 1 5 to 1 9 update process for 1 5 DECnet 4 to 5 Transition Enable parameter 3 32 DECnet architectural constant 1 10 DECnet circuit costs assigning for interface 3 13 for router 3 7 3 8 for static route 3 21 calculating the least cost path 1 6 1 7 DECnet Hello messages disabling 1 16 3 17 purpose of 1 6 DECnet hops maximum number of 3 8 DECnet IV to V Transition 1 10 to 1 14 Index 1 advertising routes for 1 13 configuring 3 30 creating 3 31 deleting 3 33 editing 3 31 parameter descriptions 3 31 transition strategy for 1 14 translating data packets for 1 11 to 1 14 translating DECnet network layer addresses for 1 10 to 1 11 DECnet Phase IV data packet
51. nformation about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB refer to Using Technician Interface Software Caution The Technician Interface does not verify that the value you enter for a parameter is valid Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration Enabling DECnet Phase IV on an Interface To enable DECnet Phase IV on an interface 1 Select DECnet from the Select Protocols menu The Select Protocols menu appears after you either select a link or net module connector or finish configuring a WAN circuit The DECnet IV Configuration window appears Figure 2 1 DECNET IV CONFIGURATION Details Help Node ID Figure 2 1 DECnet IV Configuration Window 2 Configure the parameters using the descriptions that follow as a guide 3 When you finish configuring the parameters click on OK To edit the default values for DECnet parameters refer to Chapter 3 for instructions 2 2 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enabling DECnet Services Area ID None 1 to 63 Specifies a unique DECnet Phase IV Area ID for this circuit The Area ID is the first 6 bits of a DECnet Phase IV node address You specify the Area ID on a circuit by circuit basis that is a single router can have individual circuits residing in different areas Enter t
52. ode attempts to send a packet to a destination node that is not in its destination address cache or does not reside on the circuit it sends the packet to the designated router which forwards the packet toward the destination If you do not choose a designated router or if you assign two or more routers the same priority the router with the highest Node ID becomes the designated router by default Enter a router priority value from 0 to 127 If you want this node to be the designated router on this circuit assign it the highest priority value among all routers on the circuit 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 13 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Editing DECnet Parameters End Nodes MAC None Frame Relay multicasting address SMDS group address Assigns the All Endnodes multicast MAC address value to this circuit for use over frame relay and SMDS WAN connections The multicast MAC address value you specify here determines the destination address for DECnet end node broadcast traffic across the frame relay or SMDS cloud This parameter is valid only if this circuit is a frame relay or SMDS circuit Enter the multicasting address frame relay circuits or group address SMDS circuits that you obtain from your service provider If you do not specify a value for this parameter broadcast traffic
53. om sending Level 1 topology update packets to other routers Use this parameter with a static adjacency to limit the amount of traffic sent over a WAN connection To limit the amount of traffic traversing the WAN connection between static adjacencies set this value to Disable Otherwise accept the default setting 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 36 Level 2 Topology Update Enable Enable Disable When disabled keeps the DECnet router from sending Level 2 topology update packets to other routers Use this parameter with a static adjacency to limit the amount of traffic sent over a WAN connection To limit the amount of traffic traversing the WAN connection between static adjacencies set this value to Disable Otherwise accept the default setting 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 40 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring DECnet Services Configuring Static Routes Configure static routes when you want to control which path the router uses to route DECnet traffic to another network or node To configure a static route select Protocols gt DECnet IV gt Static Routes from the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 The DECnet Static Routes List window appears in Figure 3 4 It lists all static routes that are defined If you did not add any static routes none are listed EI DECnet Static Routes List o P Delete Apply Values Help Static Route Enable Route Type Route Cost Figure 3 4 DECnet Static Routes
54. ork is assigned a Network Service Access Point NSAP address Each DECnet Phase V NSAP address must be globally unique and can be from 10 to 20 bytes in length However a local DECnet network does not need a unique address For more information about Phase V network organization and addressing refer to Chapter 1 of Configuring OSI Services Routing DECnet Packets Across the Network The Nortel Networks routing software for DECnet services uses a datagram service to route packets through the DECnet network Routing within an area is called Level 1 or intra area routing routing between areas is called Level 2 or interarea routing You can configure the Nortel Networks routing software to perform either Level 1 and Level 2 routing or to perform Level 1 Only routing e Use Level 1 and Level 2 routing to maintain paths to all areas within a DECnet network e Use Level 1 Only routing to maintain paths to only those systems within the router s local area Level 1 Only routing prevents the sending of Level 2 routing updates thus reducing traffic on an interface By default the Nortel Networks routing software for DECnet services performs both types of routing When the router performs both Level 1 and Level 2 routing you can configure each router interface as either Level 1 and Level 2 or as Level 1 Only When you configure the router to perform Level 1 Only routing the router maintains paths only to those systems within its local a
55. ost similarly assign the circuit a high cost if you do not want it used on a regular basis 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 9 Hello Timer 15 to 8191 Specifies in seconds how often the router broadcasts DECnet Hello messages to all nodes on this circuit Increase the Hello Timer if you want to reduce the amount of traffic traversing a slow line 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 10 Note Inconsistent Hello Timer settings can cause confusion between DECnet routers and end nodes when rerouting occurs We recommend that you set the Hello Timer parameter to the same value throughout your DECnet network 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 13 Configuring DECnet Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Max Routers 33 0 to 33 Specifies the maximum number of routers attached to this circuit including the router on which you are configuring DECnet services We recommend accepting the default value If you change the default refer to your network topology drawing to determine the number of routers and then enter it here 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 12 Router Priority 64 0 to 127 Determines which router becomes the designated router on a circuit The designated router performs additional services for other nodes attached to the circuit All these nodes know the address of the designated router When an end n
56. r Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Adjacency Enable Enable Enable Disable Specifies the state of the static adjacency record in the DECnet router s routing tables Select Disable to make the static adjacency record inactive in the DECnet routing table the router will not consider this static adjacency Select Enable to make this static adjacency record active again This parameter defaults to Enable when you click on Add in the DECnet Static Adjacent Hosts List window 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 7 2 Adjacency Type Area Area Routing IV Non Routing IV Specifies whether the static adjacency is another router or an end node Select Area if the static adjacency is a Level 2 router select Routing IV if the static adjacency is a Level 1 router or select Non Routing IV if the static adjacency is an end node 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 7 7 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 27 Configuring DECnet Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Adjacency Priority None 0 to 127 If the static adjacency is another router this parameter specifies the router s priority for becoming the designated router on the network The designated router performs additional services for other nodes attached to the circu
57. r the circuit appears refer to Figure 3 7 3 Select Protocols Edit DECnet IV Static Adjacencies in the Circuit Definition window The DECnet Static Adjacent Hosts List window appears refer to Figure 3 8 Click on the static adjacent host that you want to delete Click on Delete to delete the static adjacency Repeat steps 4 and 5 to delete additional static adjacencies pt Gg JUGE Click on Done to exit the window Configuring the DECnet IV to V Transition You create edit and delete the DECnet IV to V Transition from the Configuration Manager window The following sections describe how to perform each of these tasks Note You must configure both DECnet Phase IV and OSI on each network interface participating in a DECnet IV to V Transition If you have a mixed Phase IV and Phase V network refer to Configuring OSI Services for details on configuring OSI 3 30 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Editing DECnet Parameters Creating the DECnet IV to V Transition To create the DECnet IV to V Transition 1 In the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 select Protocols OSI Create DECnet IV to V Transition The Create DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters window appears Figure 3 10 Create DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters Cancel OK Values Help DECnet 4 to 5 Transition Enable ENABLE Area Address Alias 1 hex Figure 3 10 Create DECnet IV to V Transition Paramete
58. rea When the router performs Level 1 Only routing you must configure all router interfaces as Level 1 Only 1 4 308619 14 00 Rev 00 DECnet Overview When a Nortel Networks router receives a packet it examines the destination address contained in the packet header If the destination address is within the same area as the router the router forwards the packet toward the destination system using the least cost path If the address is to another area the router behaves differently depending on whether the interface performs Level 1 and Level 2 routing or Level 1 Only routing e If the router interface performs both Level 1 and Level 2 routing the router forwards the packet to the specified area using the least cost path e Ifthe router interface performs Level 1 Only routing the router forwards the packet to the nearest Level 2 router e Ifthe router and all of its interfaces perform Level 1 Only routing the router forwards the packet to the nearest Level 2 router The Routing Process Routing a DECnet packet through the network involves e Updating adjacent routers on the availability of surrounding nodes and circuits Listening for messages from adjacent routers identifying available nodes and circuits e Determining the routing path with the least cost e Forwarding the packet to the specified adjacent node Update Process The Nortel Networks router software for DECnet services continually monitors the circuits dire
59. refer to Figure 3 4 Edit the static route parameters using the descriptions in the previous section as a guide Click on Apply to implement your changes Repeat steps 1 through 3 to edit additional static routes Click on Done to exit the window Deleting a Static Route To delete a static route 1 Select the static route that you want to delete from the list in the DECnet Static Routes List window refer to Figure 3 4 Click on Delete The DECnet Static Routes List window no longer displays the static route Repeat steps 1 and 2 to delete additional static routes Click on Done to exit the window Configuring Static Adjacencies The DECnet router allows you to specify static transmission paths to adjacent hosts The static adjacency may or may not be another router 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 23 Configuring DECnet Services Adding a Static Adjacency To add a static adjacency begin at the Configuration Manager window refer to Figure 3 1 and proceed as follows 1 Select Circuits Edit Circuits The Circuit List window appears which lists the circuits configured on the router Figure 3 6 EC iruitu Configuration Mode local SNMP Agent LOCAL FILE Circuits A Delete Figure 3 6 Circuit List Window 2 Select a DECnet circuit from the list and click on Edit The Circuit Definition window for that circuit appears Figure 3 7 3 24 308619 14 00 Rev
60. roceed as follows 1 Select Protocols DECnet IV Delete DECnet IV A window pops up and prompts Do you REALLY want to delete DECnet IV 2 Click on OK The Configuration Manager window appears DECnet is no longer configured on the router If you examine the Configuration Manager window you see that the connectors for circuits on which DECnet was the only protocol enabled are no longer highlighted You must reconfigure the circuits for these connectors Refer to Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for details on configuring circuits 3 34 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Appendix A DECnet Parameter Default Settings Tables A 1 through A 5 show the default settings for the DECnet Phase IV and DECnet Phase IV to V Transition parameters in Site Manager Use the Configuration Manager to edit any of the default settings listed here refer to Chapter 3 Table A 1 DECnet Phase IV Global Parameters Parameter Default Route Enable Enable Route Level Level 1 Level 2 Level 1 Only Area 1 Broadcast Route Timer 180s Route Max Addr 1023 Max Broadcast Non Routers 64 Max Broadcast Routers 32 Max Circuits 1024 Max Cost 1022 Max Hops 30 Max Visits 63 Area Max Cost 1022 Area Max Hops 30 Max Area 63 308619 14 00 Rev 00 A 1 Configuring DECnet Services Table A 2 DECnet Phase IV Interface Parameters Parameter Default Enable Enable
61. rs Window 3 31 308619 14 00 Rev 00 vii Tables Table 1 1 Router Forwarding Based on the Destination Address in the Packet Header sussss OSTAA Q 1 9 Table A 1 DECnet Phase IV Global Parameters Table A 2 DECnet Phase IV Interface Parameters Table A 3 DEC ner Static Route Parameters 2 aeo tet uin e endi ig oci td E pEEE A 2 Table A 4 DECnet Static Adjacency Parameters Table A 5 DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Preface This guide describes DECnet services and what you do to start and customize DECnet services on a Nortel Networks router Before You Begin Before using this guide you must complete the following procedures For a new router e Install the router see the installation guide that came with your router Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file see Quick Starting Routers Configuring BayStack Remote Access or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network Make sure that you are running the latest version of Nortel Networks BayRS and Site Manager software For information about upgrading BayRS and Site Manager see the upgrading guide for your version of BayRS 308619 14 00 Rev 00 xi Configuring DECnet Services Text Conventions This guide uses the following text conventions angle brackets lt gt bold text braces brackets ellipsis points Ind
62. rs Window 2 Edit the parameters using the following descriptions as a guide 3 Click on OK to save your changes and exit the window DECnet IV to V Transition Parameter Descriptions Use the following descriptions as a guide when you configure the parameters in the Create DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters window refer to Figure 3 10 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 31 Configuring DECnet Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID DECnet 4 to 5 Transition Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables the DECnet IV to V Transition To enable the transition select Enable To turn this feature off select Disable After you enable the DECnet IV to V Transition feature if you select Protocols gt OSI you will see that the edit and delete options are available 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 6 12 2 Area Address Alias 1 hex None Any valid area address Assigns an area address alias to the router The alias is a different area address that is assigned to the same router For the DECnet IV to V Transition feature the area address alias defines the Phase IV prefix and Phase IV area fields of the Phase IV compatible address Refer to Translating DECnet Addresses in Chapter 1 Enter the area address alias in hexadecimal format For the DECnet IV to V Transition feature enter the Phase IV prefix from
63. s Use the following descriptions as a guide when you configure the parameters in the DECnet IV Interface List window refer to Figure 3 3 Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Enable Enable Enable Disable Enables or disables DECnet over this circuit To disable DECnet over this circuit set to Disable Otherwise accept the default setting 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 2 Route Level Level 1 and Level 2 Level 1 and Level 2 Level 1 Only Determines whether the circuit performs both Level 1 and Level 2 routing or Level 1 Only routing If you configured the router as Level 1 Only the router automatically configures all circuits as Level 1 Only and this parameter does not appear in the DECnet IV Interface List window If at a later time you change the router configuration to perform both Level 1 and Level 2 routing all circuits will remain configured as Level 1 Only until you change them Select Level 1 and Level 2 to maintain paths to all areas within a DECnet network Select Level 1 Only to maintain paths to only those systems within the router s local area 1 3 6 1 4 1 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 41 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Configuring DECnet Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Area ID None 1 to 63 Specifies a DECnet Area ID for this circuit The Are
64. t areas you can reduce both Hello message traffic and Level 1 topology traffic between the two systems by disabling the Router Hello parameter and the Level 1 Topology Update parameter for the connecting interfaces Figure 1 9 If you disable the Level 1 Topology Update parameter you prevent the Nortel Networks router running DECnet from sending Level 1 topology update packets to other routers With static adjacencies defined turn off Hello message generation and disable Level 1 topology update generation DEC0009A Figure 1 9 Static Adjacencies Defined for Routers Residing in Different Areas 308619 14 00 Rev 00 1 17 Configuring DECnet Services For More I You can also disable the Level 2 Topology Update parameter if you want to prevent the Nortel Networks router running DECnet from sending Level 2 topology update packets to other routers In this case you use static routes to establish transmission paths between connected routers Refer to Chapter 3 for details about configuring static adjacencies and setting the Router Hello Level 1 Topology Update and Level 2 Topology Update parameters nformation For technical details about DECnet protocol implementation see DECnet Digital Network Architecture Phase IV Routing Layer Function Specification Version 2 0 Digital Equipment Corporation December 1983
65. te distance or number of hops that a packet travels from the source to its destination is the path length The maximum number of hops the routing algorithm will forward a packet to is called the maximum hops value To set the maximum hops value refer to Chapter 3 If the distance between the source and destination exceeds the maximum hops value the packet is returned or dropped 308619 14 00 Rev 00 1 7 Configuring DECnet Services 10 End Node CE Router Router A wants to route a packet to the end node Three different paths are available Router A forwards the packet along path choice 3 because it has the lowest Total Path Cost 12 Path Choice Path Length Path Cost A to B B to EN 2 hops 20 A to D D to EN 2 hops 15 A to C C to D D to EN 3 hops 12 DEC0004A Figure 1 4 Least Cost Path to a Destination Forwarding Process When a router receives a packet it examines the destination address contained in the packet header to determine whether to route the packet locally intra area or forward it to another destination interarea Table 1 1 shows how the router forwards a packet based on the destination address in the packet header and whether the router is configured for Level 1 Only routing or Level 1 and Level 2 routing 1 8 308619 14 00 Rev 00 DECnet Overview
66. te ht Ea a Dn ER Op Lo Pr aa rod CC Sails 3 18 Adding E ri ei ROWE TC p 3 18 DECnet Static Route Parameter Descriptions sssssesess 3 19 Editing Static Route Parameters isse i naa n ep cc daa RF e ca Kad 3 23 Deleting a Static Route m feted iveta P T keh santas T E E 3 23 Configuring Stali AdjacentioS Re ERE 3 23 Adding a Statie AdACENGY METTE aa aaa 3 24 DECnet Static Adjacency Parameter Descriptions essssssssss 3 27 Editing Static Adjacency Parameters ssssssssssseeeeeeennnennnnnns 3 29 Deleting a tao SOCOM oosoatencxsdisuDudan qais eni prio dade OEC ad rud Rd d 3 30 Condigudhag the DE Chet TV to V TEahsfllll sinisisi 3 30 Creating the DEGAS By to Y Trarielligit i epo erbe e dla Ri Gabe 3 31 DECnet IV to V Transition Parameter Descriptions TT DN 3 31 Editing the DECnet IV to V Transition Parameters esee 3 33 Deleting the DECnet IV to V Transition essen 3 33 Deleting DECnet from the Router m oe TEN T T atid T 9 94 Appendix A DECnet Parameter Default Settings Index vi 308619 14 00 Rev 00 Figure 1 1 Figure 1 2 Figure 1 3 Figure 1 4 Figure 1 5 Figure 1 6 Figure 1 7 Figure 1 8 Figure 1 9 Figure 2 1 Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 3 7 Figure 3 8 Figure 3 9 Figure 3 10 Figures DECnet Phase IV Address ausse
67. uter finds the destination address in the Phase IV forwarding table the DECnet router running Phase IV translates the source address and Phase V CLNP packet header to a Phase IV data packet header 3 Ifthe router does not find the destination address in the Phase IV forwarding table the router running Phase IV returns the packet to the router running Phase V for error processing Figure 1 6 illustrates the translation of a DECnet Phase IV data packet to a Phase V CLNP packet Routers in the network are configured either with Phase IV only or with both Phase IV and Phase V 308619 14 00 Rev 00 E DECnet Overview Lj IV Host IV and V IV only IV and V V Host Data packet Phase IV Phase IV router Phase IV router Phase V host is sent to router routes routes packet gives packet to gets Phase V Phase V packet Phase V router packet host for translation DEC0006A Figure 1 6 Translation of a DECnet Phase IV Data Packet to a Phase V CLNP Packet 1 A Phase IV host sends a data packet to a Phase V end node The Phase IV host routes the packet to a router running both Phase IV and Phase V 2 Because the router has Phase IV configured it routes the Phase IV data packet to the next router on the network which also has Phase IV configured 3 This router routes the Phase IV data packet to the next router on the network which has both Phase IV an
68. will be sent to all virtual circuits configured on the interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 31 End Routers MAC None Frame Relay multicasting address SMDS group address Assigns the AllRouters multicast MAC address value to this circuit for use over frame relay and SMDS WAN connections This allows you to specify a destination address for DECnet Level 1 broadcast traffic across the frame relay or SMDS cloud This parameter is valid only if this circuit is a frame relay or SMDS circuit Enter the multicasting address frame relay circuits or group address SMDS circuits that you obtain from your service provider If you do not specify a value for this parameter broadcast traffic will be sent to all virtual circuits configured on the interface 1 3 6 1 4 1 18 3 5 2 2 1 32 308619 14 00 Rev 00 3 15 Configuring DECnet Services Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Parameter Default Options Function Instructions MIB Object ID Area Routers MAC None Frame Relay multicasting address SMDS group address Assigns the AllAreaRouters multicast MAC address value to this circuit for use over frame relay and SMDS WAN connections This allows you to specify a destination address for DECnet Level 2 broadcast traffic across the frame relay or SMDS cloud This parameter is valid only if this circuit is a frame relay or SMDS circuit Enter the multicasting address frame relay cir

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