Home

Spider User`s Manual - University of Colorado Boulder

1. E l y i 7 lid TRANS a i bili m QUNM dil i in MT on iil m 6 11879 8 67368 Spider Figure 3 4 Example of Real Time Viewing Accelerogram Plots AT User s Manual Appendix A Safety Factors A 1 Mohr Coulomb With respect to Fig A 1 Spider uses the following equations OA sig3 sig1 2 AB sigi sig3 2 AD O0A sin phi DC c cos phi AC AD DC sf1 AC AB sf2 ft 0A AB sf min sfi sf2 sf max sf 0 A 2 Von Mises For Metals Spider computes the safety factor as the ratio of the von Mises stress divided by the yield stress A 2 Von Mises 49 Safety Factor T c o tan 10 Safety Factor Min SF1 SF2 OA 0 tO 2 o 0 o 0 AC ADIDC g NPFCrCOSP AF 977 SF F 2 __o AB AB 0 0 AE o bate 2 2 Figure A 1 Safety Factor for Cohesive Materials Spider User s Manual Appendix B FFT Transfer Functions and Deconvolution Seismic events originate through tectonic slips and elastic waves p and s traveling through rock soil foundation up to the surface Hence the seismographs usually installed at the foot of the dam record only the manifestation of the event On the other hand modelling the foundation is essential for proper and comprehensive analysis of the dam and as such the seismic excitation will have to be applied at the base of the foundation How
2. Figure 1 9 Regular Mesh Node amp Element Numbering Increments User may want to monitor the evolution of the deformation by viewing the deformed mesh at selected or all increments this is possible by specifying the increments to be viewed Fig 1 10 Note that in this case only the mesh outline is displayed Figure 1 10 Display of Deformed Mesh for Multiple Increments 1 3 2 Vector Plot The vector plot shows vector format post data using vectors extending from each node in the mesh Fig 1 11 Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 15 Post Value Variable Type Displacements gt Display mesh as a amate EME T Display min max Display legend Post Value Range Type liner x Vector Scale gt 0 00e 0 2 98e 3 2 00e 4 Arrowhead size ul gt FN Automatic Value Limits Minimum farmong E Maximum 0200 E T Display Deformed Mesh found mesh as None z 009e 0 3 00e 3 Ege Figure 1 11 Control for Vector Plots Post Value variable Type Vector Plot will display all entities specified in the pst file as tensors of order 1 or vectors For Merlin this includes Velocities Accelerations Displacements Applied Forces Reactions and Residuals Spider will determine and plot the resultant of the 2 or 3 components Display mesh as Mesh outline Mesh Mesh hidden lines or solid filled Display min max Spider will place two marke
3. Epsilon post variable component abes Epsifon vy post variable component abs Epsilon zz post variable component labels Gamma xy post variable component labels Gamma yz post variable component labels Gamma post variable component labes 268 Tensor 3x3 symmetric Stress SIGNOD eoo E Stresses ros variable type ab Suma post variable component abs Siemayy post variable component labels Suma post variable component abes Tauxy post variable component labels Tau yz post variable component labes Tuc post variable component labels stamp yS 3 few Y Table D 3 Post Variable List Spider User s Manual D 3 Incremental Data 67 Solution Status Parameter Trerement Toad factor time 9 oo uw Table D 4 Solution Status Parameter Mesh Size Parameter No of Nodes Corner Coord Elem Max No FE application Nodes Nodes Node Elem nodes elem arrays sme sme 3 am 6 9 Table D 5 Mesh Size Parameter Nodal Coordinates EEE Table D 6 Nodal Coordinates D Element Connectivity one for cach clement Type GroupID Noks 35 1 am 3 a5 0 0 25 1 mo pair 305 399 0 0 39 31 s mop 307 390 0 9 Lu al seed hes Doe drm ES 33 2 71 ero 2885
4. Post Value Range Type is by default set to linear but for problems with strong discontinuity the user may select a logarithmic distribution Vector Scale slider allows the user to set the length of the vector Note that if the scale is set to a value too low small vectors may not be displayed Arrowhead size provides control of the arrowhead to be in proportion with the rest of the graphical display Automatic Value limits is by default set to on However user can overwrite the lower and upper limits to better focus on a range of values Display Deformed Mesh allows the user to display and control the deformation of the deformed mesh One may superimpose to the display the background mesh as None Mesh or Mesh Outline Separate Groups allows the user to pull out all one or more groups through the slider for better view Fig 1 17 is an example of the generated display 1 3 5 Carpet Plot Ed The carpet plot is available for two dimensional meshes only In a carpet plot each node is extended in the third dimension proportional to the post data value at the node Thus the general trends and also spikes in the data is easily visible The carpet plot can be shown as a wire frame solid filled or a shaded object Fig 1 18 The carpet plot displays essentially the same data as the contour plot Post Value variable Type Contour Plot will display any of the followings scalars components of vectors and of tensors eigenvalues of
5. Safety Factor Definition x Failure Yield Stress Mohr Coulomb Criteria Tensile Strength Mohr Coulomb w Mohr Coulomb w Mohr Coulomb w 2D Stress Tensor Based On 3D Stress Tensor Figure 1 43 Factor of Safety Parameter Setting 1 4 4 Cut Mesh Cut Mesh Fig 1 44 restricted to 3D meshes allows the user to slice the mesh into many layers and then display contour lines on the surface of those cut planes When first invoked a grey disk is displayed its size is irrelevant it can be adjusted to properly identify the cutting plane and its location orientation can be adjusted with the appropriate sliders The user can then select the number of cuts and the spacing between plots Then the Apply button will instruct Spider to perform the desired operation for complex 3D meshes this operation is computationally intensive Fig 1 45 illustrates this capability of Spider Note that in this figure the cutting disc is displayed 1 4 5 Split Mesh Split Mesh Fig 1 46 allows the user to split the mesh into two or more subgroups each one with different view characteristics When first invoked a grey disk is displayed its size is irrelevant it can be adjusted to properly identify the cutting plane and its location orientation can be adjusted with the appropriate sliders Once the disk location corresponds to the desired boundary between two different plot regions user must select the Add plot layer Then a new
6. zi Mv Export display in eps or emf format Settings Reset view to original display Pick a node Ma E 3 Display nodal data Clear markers from the main display Adjust center of zoom ER Dynamic control Y K N LE 9 w Program setting MIES Displ polea AE CE DAM gt e View Display regular mesh Display vectors Display contour lines ay principal values Display carpet plot Display surface plot Display shrink plot Control Control regular display Control vectors display Control contour lines display Control principal values display Control carpet plot display Control surface plot display Control shrink plot display 1 2 File Operation 10 1 2 File Operation 1 2 1 Open File This allows the user to load a spider files one with an pst eig or rtv file extension or to export a graphical file Opening a file will allow the user to select the file to be loaded by Spider Note that whereas by Open File 21x Look in Cn single _buttress ex Er bdam 3dbuttress pst bdam_3dbuttress_latrest pst Files of type merlin post files pst Cancel Y files pst 7A Figure 1 2 Open File default Spider loads a binary pst eig rtv file it can also read their ASCII equivalent In addition Merlin can recognize Merlin input data file and display the mesh When 3D pst file are loaded for the first time Spid
7. Displacement vector length Applied forces vector length Reactions vector length Residuals vector length Eigenvalues of Tensors of Order 2 which are internally determined Principal strains Maximum minimum intermediary Principal stresses Maximum minimum intermediar Volumetric strain EVol STE 7533 2 33 Hydrostatic stress o Hyda Tat tga dT Von Mises Stress 4 2 22 o2 03 3 01 2 Display min max Spider will place two marker at the min max locations and the numerical values will be displayed in the lower right corner Display legend to toggle the display of the thermometer which color codes for the contour lines Post Value Range Type is Wire frame solid filled or shaded It is recommended to use shaded the user may select a logarithmic distribution Number of Bands Defaulted to 10 maximum is 29 Automatic Value limits is by default set to on However user can overwrite the lower and upper limits to better focus on a range of values Display Deformed Mesh allows the user to display and control the deformation of the deformed mesh One may superimpose to the display the background mesh as None Mesh or Mesh Outline Separate Groups allows the user to pull out all one or more groups through the slider for better view Examples of contour plots are shown in Fig 1 14 and 1 15 Spider User s Manual 1 3 View Spider 1 17e 1 7 57e 2 3 25e 2 7 58e 3 6
8. 1 8 1 10 is 112 1 13 1 14 1 15 1 16 1 17 1 18 1 19 1 20 1 21 1 22 1 23 1 24 1 25 1 26 1 27 1 28 1 20 1 30 Lal 1 32 1 33 1 34 1 35 1 36 1 37 1 38 1 39 1 40 1 41 1 42 Spider S TOODET Li pua gea SO ne g wae de ag ala We ee Be eee N a 9 Open PH ece eea ee Dee D eh PRA Vo Rae de a ete be EAD EY du de 10 Exporta Pues ok Be he dd wo EE ee RR 11 Control for Regular Mesh uox us eee OS ee Ge ee ee eS 11 A AA ae ew Ce IA 12 Regular Mesh Hidden Line Removed 12 Regular Mesh Mesh Outline o c i s c ae zoe e pa gai pui Rm Sn 13 Filed nt Meshing See eee eee es VEER SSE Ee Ue oe xd x 13 Regular Mesh Node amp Element Numbering 14 Display of Deformed Mesh for Multiple Increments 14 Control for Vector Plots 4 secre 4 4 4 4 ro Roo om yon a dou eee 15 Vector PIS sasiartean ii wee bd a eo Oe ORG exe Re m ee Ru 16 Control for Contour Plots us Goes oe po e A RP RO e we 17 PON Le se Ge Seek ke cea a ae Be ar BOR ees A BR eS 18 Contour Plot Separate Groups 19 Control for Principal Values Plots lt lt lt a e ars sa a ee ERE 19 Principal Siresses Plot 3 99 d Y LA Oe ES e Oe Be Di 20 Control for Carpet Plote 2D ooo em eae rn heme EG she ex A 21 Carpet Plato 6232 pa e ee 399 903 hi bbe we eee eae dd Een 22 Control for Surface Plots 20D e s 414440 Adda puede has aie ax a 22 Surface M
9. 3 NL NC 4 fracture parameters The array name is a STRING and all other parameters are INTEGERs The array name should not be a null string The flag denotes some special kind of application data that can be recognized by the postprocessor The following table summarizes the special types of data currently available in Spider Spider User s Manual D 3 Incremental Data 64 Special Data Type Flag Value XY plotable XYZ plotable fracture parameters The XY plotable data is a table of REAL values that can be plotted in Spider using XY plots If this is the case the labels for the plot must be provided in the label record The XYZ plotable data is a table of REAL values that can be plotted in Spider using XYZ plots If this is the case the labels for the plot must be provided in the label record This option is not available at present version of Spider and will be ignored until this notice is removed The fracture parameters data are used to transfer the results from the fracture mechanics analysis to Spider or PreMERLIN The data type must be either 1 2 or 3 no other values are recognized The number of rows columns and pages must all be greater than or equal to one and their product should be equal to the total number of elements in the array In the case of special type of application data as for example XY plotable or fracture parameters data the rows columns and pages have the followin
10. Hidden Line Removed nag 3 f ss dyni pst Spider TEPSCO User s Manual Spider 1 3 View 13 Figure 1 7 Regular Mesh Mesh Outline Filled Displays a color filled mesh Color is either a single one useful in 3D to view with proper lighting set up or multiple if the user asks for each material group to have its own color Fig 1 8 Figure 1 8 Filled with Mesh Filled with mesh Same as above but with the finite element mesh superimposed shows the mesh as a wire frame Display Deformed Mesh allows the user to display and control the deformation of the deformed mesh One may superimpose to the display the background mesh as None Mesh outline Mesh Filled Filled with Mesh Display Element Nodes Groups allow the user to display those numbers If Display Group is checked than the element number will be color coded to reflect the group to which it belongs Note User may have to adjust the font size through Settings and properly zoom in to properly Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 14 visualize text display Fig 1 9 Note that if there are more than one node sharing the same coordinates Master Slaves then all node number are displayed separated by a Display Stress Failure will display the failure mode shear traction or combined for the non linear 65 6 E rock elements only 7 28 g2 ano pem x
11. val 1 6312e 002 min 2 353e 000 A max6 511e 001 W Ready jeep A Figure 1 31 Nodal Value Displayed on top of Contour Line 1 3 10 3 Values On Contour Plots User can display on top of the contour line the node number and scalar value of a selected node through ES Note 1 If user changes the scalar value to be displayed such as maximum instead of minimum principal stress those values are automatically updated 2 Selected values are displayed along the thermometer on the right 3 Values will be cleared from the screen through selection of Ld 1 3 11 Dynamics This section is associated with the display of real time data rtv files Please consult Chapter 3 1 3 12 Deconvolution Deconvolution of seismic record is an essential part of a good dynamic analysis where the rock is massless The underpinning theory for deconvolution is described in Appendix B Deconvolution can be performed either for data files rtv coming from Merlin or from other external ascii files not yet implemented To perform a deconvolution of a seismic record with Merlin files the user should 1 Select the original surface seismic record 2 Perform three two in 2D separate dynamic analysis In each one of them only one component of the surface seismic record is applied at the base of the foundation In a Merlin Analysis user should specify RealTimeView to monitor the accelerations of at least two nodes Spider User s
12. 72 923 3225 35 2 870 Len 2886 923 921 3220 a5 2 sn 872 2587 924 025 3227 35 2 fer 873 2888 925 926 3228 Cel Table D 7 Element Connectivity Spider User s Manual D 3 Incremental Data 68 Displacements Displacement_u Displacement v Displacement w 134 658 19 01 52 20 138 585 75 48 5 05 Applied Forces Ces Fey J Toez 7992 04 601 90 25 17 0 00 0 00 0 0287 Reactions Reaction x Reaction y Reaction z 1992 04 6901 90 25 17 0 000000 0 00 0 028 Residuals E a 0 Redal Residual y 0 00 0 000 0 00 0 000 0 000 0 00 Strains ai ees rues a D 7 48294 107 2 53439 x 107 6 42840x10 1 34533x10 3 568 x 107 9 4764x 107 3 98371x10 6 9 47294x10 6 9 32848x10 6 9 35271x10 9 2 28563x10 2 37651x10 6 Stresses Sigma yy Tay my uw 1848 5 9549 66 1978 7 3823 2 1299 803 30 ee 52 ae 0 2 SS 9 E 585 ee 77 Table D 8 Nodal Post Variables Spider User s Manual Appendix E eig Post Data file Format eig files contain the result of an eigenvalue analysis typically dynamic but possibly stability and they can also be viewed by Spider which will animate the mode shapes eig files can be ascii or binary The file format is pretty straightforward 1 2 0 Number of Elements Element connectivity a Element id Element_Type Node 1 Node 2 b Mod
13. A a 26 1 3 10 1 1 Full Nodal Information 27 1 3 10 1 2 Value vs Increments 4 4 4 299m gs o RR oes 27 1310 2 Values Along a Line ss kM Sd da pme a Row X 27 13 10 9 Values On Contour Plots e e s a acs oso Rx mo dem 30 URSINI D oo A a a e a Te e ar a a aaa a ae a a T a a a 30 1 3 12 DecouyolutieB sae noo m do se m baw de de Ae eee ok EE nie Me da 30 Mees eee IGG che ke we LAN ee Be OBOE SG eS ee ee a 33 1 3 14 XYZ V Plot 3D Gracks Joints 222 29 a m Ro Ey 3 33 1315 Show Vile 2323 eno nb Oe ROUES Y wm un Rose ae Y e Rem he Om de A 33 LOVE Focus VIEW o eo moos ee eee Pop ko hio Eee ee thee teow SE dE a 36 UT Rest ESMAS eed a ee eR Re LU be ee es 36 13 08 Clear Posse of Interest ec ca s RR RO E ESSS 36 1 23 19 ODIA cc pa nus EIUS GG MUR eges OA RRA XOU ROSE d 36 13 20 SaDa 3064s L ho pue SAS Red LES peut dia nice Y bob d 36 LA eco s a rd ea eae T 36 E A OI c ma ey Bs AN 36 LA GROUPS MMC TT 37 Da DOME ir ek BE ae ORE a BR eke eR eS 37 LAA Cut Mesh 2000 RE ge dia de de ane titans Ge bd bewe de eR RERO RO a 38 LES Sep Mesa ged wh cass e Ra don wd eden RD amp eo 8 38 Jb Te dar RA ER ere bee ee S VC De s 40 LAT Separate Group oo c9 ee du opc Re REO S A a 40 2 Eigenvalue eig Visualizer 42 CONTENTS E F Real Time rtv Viewer Safety Factors A1 MobrCoulomb oe s 4 4 4 au m us ER Rs A2 Voie Mise uude mue aa RER EL R ERR FFT Transfer Functions
14. B 2 Time Frequency Domains The transfer function is the Laplace transform of the output divided by the Laplace transform of the input Hence in 1D we can determine the transfer function as follows 1103 Tw 2 o t O w 3 Transfer Function is T Fr o O w I w B 3 Deconvolution B 3 1 1 D Extending our discussion one step further we introduce the concept of deconvolution which addresses the dilemma posed above and will now require one or more finite element analyses With reference to Fig B 3 1 We record the earthquake induced acceleration on the surface a t and apply it as t at the base of the foundation Spider User s Manual B 3 Deconvolution 52 i t a t 1 H Iw at E Aw DTF e 3 I w TF Aw AQ 4 ej Figure B 3 Deconvolution Definition 2 Perform a transient finite element analysis 3 Determine the surface acceleration a t which is obviously different from i t 4 Compute o E33 r w A w 2 5 a a t 5 Aw 2 5 b 5 Compute transfer function from base to surface as TFr a A w I w 6 Compute the inverse transfer function T F5 4 7 Determine the updated excitation record in the frequency domain I w Ii TF7 A Aw 2 5 c 8 Determine the updated excitation in the time domain i t FEE Tw 2 5 d B 3 2 3 D In 3 D applications the transfer function is a 3x3 matrix each row corresponds to the response to an excitation in a given directio
15. Manual 1 3 View 31 Deconvolution omponen weta GE Il Teste ffejel s rat ode Figure 1 32 Deconvolution of Seismic Records a Node I at the base of the foundation where the input seismic record is applied b Node O output at the top of the foundation where the original seismic record was measured 3 Select Deconvolution Data Format Merlin and Dimension 2D or 3D 4 Select the type of data filter a Low Pass b High Pass c Band Pass d Band Stop along with the filter order 5 For each component Ix where K X Y or Z a Use Browse and select the rtv file corresponding to the analysis in which Ix was applied b Select the input Node and the Output Node 6 Plot a Any of the acceleration history or their FFT b Any of the transfer function or their inverse 7 Perform a Deconvolution Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 32 Plot XY Data x FX Plot from pst file gt Increments Data Accel X_000 s et Data Set increment 000 is C All Increments mY Axis Range i Yin Custom Increments IV Automatic yma On C Last Increment r Multiplot IV Enable T Stack plots Add 2 Plot Frequency Domain Smooth FFT IV Show Data Points T Y Logscale T Plot resultant moment Gnuplot prepend Plot List Save to file Display as Grid Figure 1 33 XY Plot From Finite Element Analysis Program 1 3 13 X Y Plot The pst file may contain Finite Element Applicatio
16. Outline y Number of surfaces fa Display Legend M Post Value Range Type Linear gt IV Automatic Value Limits Minna Marira Laced E Shrink scale qui Figure 1 20 Control for Surface Plots 2D Post Value variable Type Contour Plot will display any of the followings scalars components of vectors and of tensors eigenvalues of tensors of order 2 max minimum and intermediate principal values In addition Spider will internally compute the hydrostatic volumetric and von Mises values associated with a tensor of order 2 It should be noted that internally through a flag in the pst file Spider distinguishes between strain and stress tensors For a Merlin input file the following scalar quantities are displayed Tensors of Order 1 or vectors Velocities vz vy vz Accelerations az a az Displacements u v w Applied Forces F Fy F Reactions Ry Ry Rz Residual Rz Ry Rz Tensors of Order 2 Strains z Eyy Ezz Ezy Exzs Eye Stresses Orr Oyys Ozz Cry 0x2 Cyz Scalar Vector length without components Displacement vector length Applied forces vector length Reactions vector length Residuals vector length Eigenvalues of Tensors of Order 2 which are internally determined Principal strains Maximum minimum intermediary Principal stresses Maximum minimum intermediary Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 23 Volumetric strain ey
17. Stress Components Dre Tensile strength C Manual scaling i C Use limits of current increment Compressive strength C Use limits of all increments EF p Safety Factor Definitions Open and Edit Safety Factor Definitions Edit m File 1 0 Export Path Caviar Temo Browse Apply Dismiss Figure 1 42 Option Setting Colors for background mesh deformed mesh low and high of the thermometer Caption Text Size controls the font size all of them Annotation Size controls the size of the marker identifying user selected nodes Force legend endpoints to power of 10 rounds the legend end point to power of 10 which may facilitate data interpretation Spider User s Manual 1 4 Options 37 Normalized Principal Stress Components allows the user to normalize the maximum positive and minimum negative principal stresses with respect to a user defined value Disable No normalization default Manual scaling allows the user to specify the maximum and minimum normalizing values typ ically the tensile and compressive strength Use limits of current increment normalizes with respect to the maximum and minimum of the current increment hence the legend upper and lower bounds will be 1 Use limits of all increments normalizes with respect to the maximum and minimum of all the increments Factor of Safety Settings Mohr Coulomb or von Mises see Appendix A Fig 1 43
18. Windows Enhanced Metafile EMF Save as JPEG Image Save as BMP image C Save as GIF image JPEG Quality Low High Figure 1 3 Exporting Files 1 3 View View enables the user to describe one or more different type of displays Hence a vector plot can be superimposed on a contour plot Note that through the slice cut feature described below part of the mesh can be viewed with one type of display and one or more other partitions with another type 1 3 1 Regular Plot Control of the regular plot is shown in Fig 1 4 Specify La Ed Current increment Display mesh as Filedwih mesh C All Increments T Display Deformed Mesh Dynamics on increments Display backaround mesh as None y ES C Last Increment Deformation Soe E mii nodeto 30053 300633 T Display Element Numbers 4 Increments 5 5 PF Display Stress Failure Z Tease 9 O 50 50 Figure 1 4 Control for Regular Mesh de provides control for the display of the regular plots Display mesh as in any one of the following format Mesh displays the entire mesh Fig 1 5 Mesh hidden line Displays 3D meshes with hidden lines removed Fig 1 6 Mesh Outline displays only those lines separating different material groups or those defining the boundary of the mesh Fig 1 7 Spider User s Manual 12 1 3 View Figure 1 5 Regular Mesh Ss Figure 1 6 Regular Mesh
19. connectivity of element INTEGER e Last node in connectivity of element INTEGER n is the number of nodes defining the element including mid side nodes plus two This information constitutes an element connectivity record and all n values are INTEGERs The nodal numbering conventions for the various combinations of nodes and geometric configurations Recognizable elements by Spider are shown in Fig D 1 Tables The element group defined to be any subset of elements within a mesh that are of the same element type and have the same geometric attributes and material properties ID corresponds to a set of elements of the same type with the same material properties D 3 2 4 Finite Element Application Data To accommodate finite element data which is program dependent the finite element application data sub block has been included in the incremental data block of the unformatted output file Finite element application data is optional appearing in the file only if the number of finite element application data arrays is non zero An arbitrary number of finite element data application sub blocks can appear in the incremental data block Each finite element application data sub block has three records the header record the array record and the label record The finite element application data header record identifies and describes the array Seven parameters are used to identify and describe the array 1 The array name j 2 The flag
20. shown The user has control on both the ambient and diffuse lighting as well as on the orientation but not location of the light via its euclidian angles Control Lighting Exi IV Enable Lighting Y Show light position Ambient Light Level gt Diffuse Light Level 4 Ej Ej Light Location Euler Angles Angle 1 es Angle 2 fi 47 i 159 za Angle Figure 1 48 Option Lighting 1 4 7 Separate Group This option enables the user to pull out all one or more groups through the slider for better view Fig 1 49 User may want to select only selected group of elements Fig 1 50 Spider User s Manual 1 4 Options 40 m ds 2 ON wr U O N E Figure 1 49 Regular Mesh Separate Groups GUI and Effect Figure 1 50 Regular Mesh Selected Groups Spider User s Manual Chapter 2 Eigenvalue eig Visualizer Some finite element analysis are limited to an eigenvalue one such as in Stability or modal dynamic analysis In those analysis the only relevant quantity to be displayed is the eigenvector Spider recognizes eig files as one resulting from an eigenvalue analysis and allow the display of the eigenvalue Fig 2 1 Once the file has been loaded the user must select the dynamic icon and Eigenmode configuration x w 1 971e 00 rad sec f 3 137e 01 Hz T 3 187e 0 w 2 226e 00 rad sec f 3 542e 01 Hz T 2 823e 06 w 2 889e 00 rad se
21. the incremental data block with the order of presentation for the sub blocks corresponding to their order of appearance on the file D 3 1 Solution Status Parameters The first sub block in the incremental data block contains the solution status parameters Three param eters indicate the status of the solution for the current increment 1 The increment number INTEGER 2 The load factor REAL 3 The time REAL The increment number is an INTEGER and the load factor and time are REAL numbers The presence of the increment number in this information makes it possible to write only those increments to the file that are of interest to the user The load factor is used in conjunction with automatic load scaling algorithms such as the arc length method to indicate the current level of loading with respect to some arbitrary system of applied loads It is included in the file to facilitate restarting of analyses that use these algorithms The time is the total elapsed time for transient analyses It is also included in the file to facilitate restarts D 3 2 Finite Element Data Certain information related to the finite element method can be regarded as generic such as nodal coordinates and element connectivity Because the topology and geometry of a mesh can potentially change during the course of an incremental analysis this information appears in the incremental data block of the unformatted output file However program dependent finite
22. tt Hydrostatic stress oyyq eee Von Mises Stress roa toara esce Number of surfaces Controls the number of internal contour surfaces Display overlay mesh as None wire frame outline or wire frame Display legend to toggle the display of the thermometer which color codes for the contour lines Post Value Range Type Linear or logarithmic Automatic Value limits is by default set to on However user can overwrite the lower and upper limits to better focus on a range of values An examples of surface plot is shown in Fig 1 21 Figure 1 21 Surface mesh Note Continuity of the individual patches into a smooth surface is not always satisfied unless a very fine mesh is used 1 3 7 Shrink Plot P The shrink plot shows the mesh with each element shrunk by a factor This is useful to see if there are holes in a mesh or to check connectivity in the presence of interface elements Shrink plots Fig 1 22 enables the user to control the shrink factor through a slider whether elements are to be displayed as wireframe or as solid and whether node and element sizes should be displayed size controlled by a slider Fig 1 22 An examples of shrink plot is shown in Fig 1 23 Spider User s Manual 1 3 View OSOS Figure 1 23 Shrink mesh 1 3 View 25 1 3 8 Smeared Crack Opening Spider can also display location orientation and opening of smeared cr
23. values In addition Spider will internally compute the hydrostatic volumetric and von Mises values associated with a tensor of order 2 Spider User s Manual 1 3 View Spider Vector Plot Deformation increment test Figure 1 12 Vector Plot Contour Plot Properties x Post Value Variable Type Principal Stresses Roa Neue Variable Maximum x Iv Display min max F Display legend Post Value Range Type Line y Number of Bands 10 E IV Automatic Value Limits Minimum Famoonyz Merimo nen d Display contours as Filled Solid m Display overlay mesh as None Deformation Amplification 4 000er 300873 6 00e3 Figure 1 13 Control for Contour Plots A EP x 3 70e 1 3 29e 1 2 88e 1 2 47e 1 2 05e 1 1 64e 1 1 23e 1 8 22e 0 4 11e 0 O OOe O min 5 332e 000 max 4 109e 001 A um 16 User s Manual 1 3 View 17 It should be noted that internally through a flag in the pst file Spider distinguishes between strain and stress tensors For a Merlin input file the following scalar quantities are displayed Tensors of Order 1 or vectors Velocities vz vy vz Accelerations az a az Displacements u v w Applied Forces Fy Fy F Reactions Rz Ry Rz Residual Rz Ry Rz Tensors of Order 2 Strains Ezr Eyy Ezz Ezy Exzs Eye Stresses Orr Oyy Ozz Cry 0x2 Cyz Scalar Vector length without components
24. 005 Pick data Node id 95 Increment number 1 X coordinate 0 186105 Y coordinate 0 817043 Z coordinate 0 Scalars Vectors Displacements Displacement_u 0 000180527 Displacement v 0 0006695153 Displacements vector length 0 0006934268 Applied Forces Force x O Force y O Applied Forces vector length 0 Reactions Reaction_x 1 607872e 016 Reaction y 8 777701e 016 Reactions vector length 8 923748e 016 Residuals Residual x 1 607872e 016 Residual y 8 777701e 016 Residuals vector length 8 923748e 016 Principal Strains Minimum vector vector u 2 993032e 005 vector v 0 0002328966 Principal Strains Maximum vector vector u 7 360876e 005 vector v 9 45971e 006 Principal Stresses Minimum vector vector u 2 620028e 005 vector v 7 837194e 005 Principal Stresses Maximum vector vector u 0 0005629875 vector v 0 0001882106 Strains Epsilon xx 6 919327e 005 Epsilon yy 0 0002297911 Gamma xy 7 813746e 005 Principal Strains Minimum 0 0002348119 Maximum 7 421412e 005 Principal Strains Minimum vector vector u 2 993032e 005 vector v 0 0002328966 Principal Strains Maximum vector vector u 7 360876e 005 vector v 9 45971e 006 Volumetric Strains Volumetric Strains 0 0001605978 Stresses Sigma xx 0 0005256337 Sigma yy 1 465462e 005 Tau xy 0 0002033485 Principal Stresses Minimum 8 263544e 005 Maximum 0 0005936145 Principal Stresses Minimum vector vector u
25. 2 620028e 005 vector v 7 837194e 005 Principal Stresses Maximum vector vector u 0 0005629875 vector v 0 0001882106 Hydrostatic Stresses Hydrostatic Stresses 0 0001703264 Von Mises Stresses Von Mises Stresses 0 0006389526 Figure 1 26 Sample of Nodal Values Displayed inside Notepad Spider User s Manual 1 3 View FE gnuplot graph Principal Stresses Minimum Volumetric Strains Volumetric Strains b 3 Principal Stresses Maximum 0 109547 0 00217524 vir E Figure 1 27 Plot Options 28 F Volumetric Strains Volumetric Strains E Principal Stresses Minimum i i i H 1 o 04 02 03 04 05 Length along line Figure 1 28 Sample of Gnuplot Generated Stacked Plot 0 000000 0 000826 0 000000 0 001606 0 000000 0 000826 0 000000 0 001606 0 101795 0 007383 0 101795 0 001393 0 122670 0012763 0 122670 0 001357 0 187971 0 008643 0197971 0015458 0 197971 0 001197 0 234486 0 009025 0234486 0 012874 0 234486 0 001149 0 295673 0 015500 0 295673 0017912 0 295673 0 001022 0 349163 0 009171 0349163 0 009943 0 349163 0 000955 0 380400 0 007597 0 380400 0 010059 0 380400 0 000893 0 446323 0 011187 0 446323 0 007657 0 446323 E Figure 1 29 Plotted Data Saved in an Excel alike Grid Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 29 1 3 10 2 Values Along a Line If the nodal value distribution of a selected scalar along two a
26. 3 The data type 1 16 bit integer 2 32 bit integer 3 32 bit floating point A 64 bit floating point 4 Number of rows N R INTEGER lThe odd numbering system is meant to accomodate elements defined in the Merlin library Spider User s Manual Figure D 1 Elements Supported by Spider Spider User s Manual D 3 Incremental Data 63 Element Description Type Number Geometry EN TD Renkrod Linear a 7 Triangle Linear a Triangle Quadratic 1 Quadrilateral Linear A 8 Quadrilateral Quadratic 20 22 Quadrilateral Quadratic 23 2 D Interface Linear EBENEN Quai 25 x Tetrahedron Linear io msn Quadratic 27 Wedge Linear s is Er Re Linear LEX sg mr 1 28 29 8 Brick Linear SENS Er 33 6 Interface Triangle Linear s i meme minge Quadratic Interface Quadrilateral Linear ss i eser Outer Quadro Table D 1 Element Types Supported by Spider XY plottable NR 2 x y XYZ plottable NR 3 x y z fracture parameters NR number of fracture parameters 5 Number of columns NC INTEGER XY plottable NC gt 1 number of data sets XYZ plottable NC gt 1 number of data sets fracture parameters NC 1 6 Number of pages NP INTEGER XY plottable NP gt 1 number of data points XYZ plottable NP gt 1 number of data points fracture parameters NP 1 7 Number of labels NL INTEGER XY plottable NR 2 XYZ plottable VR
27. 6 1 43 1 44 1 45 1 46 1 47 1 48 1 49 1 50 2 1 2 4 3 1 3 4 3 4 A 1 B B 2 B 3 DA Spider Factor of Safety Parameter Setting lt o ceos e aidaa e a AA A A 38 auno Ee Vo o aa a a taa a FO 39 Example of Cut Mesh 4 42 2229 ee sme e 4e ee eS 39 sl LR ak eke ee ae e a SF Bok ue be ead oe eed MISE DIRE 39 Example of Split Mesh 2222222 x Re ee ae a 40 pion MERA ca as os ey Beak eh Ad aE A A BS eG 40 Regular Mesh Separate Groups GUI and Effect 41 Regular Mesh Selected Groups 4 4 o IR ages dau s 41 Lapenyalue Control e 24 ne ee 4 Ea dom Ede be E EER MS Oe Be ed 42 Example of eigenmode Viewing 43 Raal Time Control ek RR m E Rae X ORB e des Yee es a BE dm RO m d 45 Example of Real Time Viewing Ful Display 46 Example of Real Time Viewing Partial Display A7 Example of Real Time Viewing Accelerogram Plots 48 Safety Factor for Cohesive Materials 50 Deconvolution Graphical User Interface 52 Time Frequency DOMAINS i ek 4 oper am gas eae it ge he eG 52 Deconvoelutiob DEAR 05 m RR So BUR ANS rdum RAR RUSSES EA ES 53 Elements Supported by Spider 63 User s Manual List of Tables D 1 Element Types Supported by Spider 64 D 2 File Head
28. 89e 3 2 51e 2 6 30e 1 Figure 1 14 Contour Plot Figure 1 15 Contour Plot Separate Groups Post Value Variable Type Principal Strains g Post Value Components Intermediate one or more agimum Display mesh as Iv Display legend Post Value Range Type Linear Vector Scale mH d 0 00e 0 3 94e 5 8 00e 5 Arrowhead Size gt Y Automatic Value Limits Minimum aono d Maximum 0 000000 E T Display Deformed Mesh Display Beckaroundmesh es None Deformation Amplification 44 y 000e 0 300e 3 6 00e 3 Figure 1 16 Control for Principal Values Plots min 6 304e 001 mex lt 1 870e 000 W 18 User s Manual 1 3 View 19 1 3 4 Principal Plot 5 The principal plot displays the eigenvectors of tensors 2 defined in the pst file and internally computed by Spider which differentiates through a flag in the pst file between engineering and tensorial stains Fig 1 16 Post Value variable Type is restricted to the eigenvectors associated with the tensors of order 2 given to Spider For Merlin files this corresponds to Principal Strains principal Stress and Principal AAR Strains Component User may select one two or three components to be displayed simultaneously Display mesh as Mesh outline Mesh Mesh hidden lines or solid filled Display legend to toggle the display of the thermometer which color codes the magnitude of the vector length
29. ESA is SUN OE SR M eee diabete gg e E 24 Control for Shrink Plols ons e snc xem Raman a ee wx 24 Barm mese dou cgo ec eee ae ur unter UNTERE dad cd deer dated b RR e 25 Display of Smenred Crack sc 2 noces ox o ROO RO hoe ere ee te aS 25 Vertex IDIOMA ION Ll sd Y mom hoo BS OE om mad E Eo oos RR MUR Eee eo 26 Sample of Nodal Values Displayed inside Notepad 28 gro ass eh Eden ba LITT 29 Sample of Gnuplot Generated Stacked Plot 29 Plotted Data Saved in an Excel alike Grid 29 Plot of Selected Scalar Between Two User Selected Nodes 30 Nodal Value Displayed on top of Contour Line 31 Deconvolution of Seismic Records 31 XY Plot From Finite Element Analysis Program 32 Control Panel for the Display of Surface Plots Associated with Cracks Joints 34 Spider Display When user Selects zyz v data Set 34 Example of zyz v 3D Plot of two Data Sets 35 Plot Title without and with Labels 35 MOUSE Lee ed A RGR RAS etal e 36 UNUM ORY coi pre E vy quy hee OO ee pp ee Oe eee debi WW eue E 36 Option Incremerts 6 245 0206 oe ta dates au De REE RR Y X 3 m A 36 Sie 1 1 ndo d xvm ko 9 bbe dade elm ep SUE Na du 37 nul nno muse als Bas Dobe ee Ga Dacre ode ee oe eA 37 LIST OF FIGURES
30. RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITIES WHATSOEVER INCLUDING ANY CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF EPRI TEPSCO OR THEIR REPRESENTATIVES HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES RESULTING FROM YOUR SELECTION OR USE OF THIS REPORT OR ANY INFORMATION APPARATUS METHOD PROCESS OR SIMILAR ITEM DISCLOSED IN THIS REPORT Spider User s Manual Contents 1 Post Processor pst Files 9 L1 Toolbar e s Le us du pas Roe d s RR ad Rab dre 6 t e Ro A eaten dda 9 12 PB OBS L c ee tbh X4 xdb ec3dd eee RE ee a ZA 10 121 Open Bile oi a oe one ee a a ee a ee 10 1 22 Copy do Clipboard olo so lou Lens dom Sm a ee emm BEA SEO 10 Lis EPONE o coloso eee Pe eee bh 4 BER EAA RENE eeu ou t 10 We c DT 11 L3 dBepgular Plob celi 240 09 Lgn nana Pare E OR Mate Re mena 11 134 VEDLOP BIOL 26 64 See Go bee oe hes Ge Poe ox T SR e ise di m d 14 Loo Qontour Plot o ew wor riadas se db Ed ha d ds ax 16 L3 4 Principal Plob 4583 aches ba tea ce RU mew eee e cR ae deen re 18 13 Capit PIE MANI ER ORA m EGER dus 20 L35 6 Surface Plot al iaa Xem be RR ei dB b Sud OH RUP e OR RU oe ed 22 L7 Sie IGG a ne s nc s Rer eon denis Xenia eom aka eR ee de X AS 23 1 48 Smeared Crack Opening o lt s se eea e aaa SOR yh ere e AA Oe A re 26 1 3 9 Reinforcing Steel Stresses Strains 26 L3 10 Vertex Info Mesb Plot coso oz rho i a RR 26 LAIT Nodal Vales a o cce pa aod or s ee ce E SG Mt em ee
31. SPIDER USER S MANUAL Stand Alone Window Based 3D Finite Element Postprocessor Version 2 0 K7 PS ava SX IN avi Vj DA YNZ E Y EY P N WAY m SRN q A ZA K VV VN A EN A ESC EH ex 54d L Prepared by Prof Victor Saouma Department of Civil Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO 80309 0428 Under Contract from Tokyo Electric Power Service Company 3 3 3 Higashiueno Taito ku Tokyo 110 0015 Electric Power Research Institute 3412 Hillview Avenue Palo Alto California 94304 March 24 2008 DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITIES THIS REPORT WAS PREPARED BY VICTOR SAOUMA AS AN ACCOUNT OF WORK SPONSORED OR COSPONSORED BY THE ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC EPRI AND THE TOKYO ELECTRIC POWER SERVICE COMPANY TEPSCO NEITHER EPRI TEPSCO OR SAOUMA NOR ANY PERSON ACTING ON BEHALF OF ANY OF THEM A MAKES ANY WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION WHATSOEVER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED 1 WITH RESPECT TO THE USE OF ANY INFORMATION APPARATUS METHOD PROCESS OR SIMILAR ITEM DISCLOSED IN THIS REPORT INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR II THAT SUCH USE DOES NOT INFRINGE ON OR INTERFERE WITH PRIVATELY OWNED RIGHTS INCLUDING ANY PARTY S INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OR III THAT THIS REPORT IS SUITABLE TO ANY PARTICULAR USER S CIRCUMSTANCES OR B ASSUMES
32. acks Fig 1 24 The data is supplied through the pst file as a scalar quantity crack opening x y z location and direction of the normal to the crack uniassialten pst Spider TEPSCO Option Eie View Controls Help StSt nno PERAN FO Ae Figure 1 24 Display of Smeared Crack 1 3 9 Reinforcing Steel Stresses Strains Whereas there is no explicit commands in Spider to display reinforcement stresses those can be generated by the finite element analysis program and passed to spider as an x y plot 1 3 10 Vertex Info Mesh Plot This powerful feature enables the user to 1 Extract all known values associated with a node 2 Plot variation of a scalar quantity in terms of increments 1 3 10 1 Nodal Values Spider loads the pst file containing all the scalar vectorial and tensorial order 2 associated with each and every node It internally computes the eigenvalues principal associated with the tensors of order 2 and all this data is accessible for display If the user wants a textual display of all those values associated with a node then 1 Select This will enable the pointer 2 Click on one or at most two separate nodes 3 Select View and then Vertex Info Mesh Plot Fig 1 25 Use recent 4 Select k Use Recent Picks alternatively user can directly enter the node number in the appropriate box Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 26 Vert
33. analysis rtv File definition for Real Time View of a lengthy dynamic analysis In this case display is limited to deformation versus time and accelerograms eig File definition for the display of results of an eigenvalue analysis The format of each of those files is separately described in the appendix in which an overview of the system implementation is also described About 2096 of Spider s development can be traced back to an initial research grant from the Electric Power Research Institute EPRI and 8096 to a research grant from the Tokyo Electric Power Service Company TEPSCO In both of them Prof Victor Saouma was the sole and principal investigator Spider was coded by Dr G Haussmann based on an initial development by Mr J Hermanrud and extensively tested by the research team of Prof Saouma Initially Spider was developed as the post processor for the analysis program MERLIN but has since been expanded to be usable with any finite element analysis program Spider User s Manual Chapter 1 Post Processor pst Files This chapter describes Spider s functionality in viewing and displaying results of a finite element analysis It is assumed that the user has loaded a pst file which format is described in Appendix D 1 1 Toolbar Spider s main tool bar is shown in Fig 1 1 The toolbar is composed of five parts SRS enw On Figure 1 1 Spider s Toolbar File Open File sj Copy Screen display
34. and Deconvolution B 1 Fourrier Transform B 2 Transier Punetion emo sos be 9 boxe 9 be we 8 B 3 Deconvolution c aa so 4 4 ia m dd ee RS eas Bn De a d b A eo a DD Th tee Sa dS ge aed mius Ro Xt eed vb Gt ey LSI s B 3 2 1 Simplification c sas s saa si du System Implementation Gl Program stpuetur 2509 9 X omo o n Rom xx C 1 1 The mesh variables C 1 2 The winged and radial edge structures C 1 3 Other structures C 2 General program structure pst Post Data file Format DA Introductorio ac ee aa a om xe i D Post File Structur oc i s 4 4 do ua due ae D File Header Block os 2 eR ee hs be de 112 1 RS 20 Se a de es RS de S3 9 weg 1 22 Stamp Defmition e o 4 44 4 4 544 Lu bi be 142 3 Post Variable List s o o 444444424444 92 D 24 Blok Separator 2 fae da id dun as eo DG Ineremestal Data so eae ie ba mme ag D 3 1 Solution Status Parameters D 3 3 Finite Element Data oa s e eoe 4 s D 3 2 1 Mesh Size Parameters D 3 3 2 Nodal Coordinates sea 4 saa sea aa D 3 2 3 Element Connectivity sa na eei D 3 2 4 Finite Element Application Data D 3 3 Nodal Post Variables D34 Block Separstor 2 29 4292 Fausse eig Post Data file Format rtv Post Data file Format Spider User s Manual List of Figures Lei 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 6 Lr 1 8
35. c f 4 599e 01 Hz T 2 175e 0t w 2 984e 00 rad sec f 4 750e 01 Hz T 2 105e 0 w 3 979e 00 rad sec f 6 333e 01 Hz T 1 579e 0 w 5 221e 00 rad sec f 8 310e 01 Hz T 1 203e 0 w 6 558e 00 rad sec f 1 044e 00 Hz T 9 582e 0 w 7 037e 00 rad sec f 1 120e 00 Hz T 8 328e 0 w 7 405e 00 rad sec f 1 179e 00 Hz T 8 4858 0 w 8 375e 00 rad sec f 1 333e 00 Hz T 7 502e 0 7 Animation speed E Eigenvector scale Dismiss Animate Figure 2 1 Eigenvalue Control then select the desired eigenmode The mode shape is then displayed and the user has control on the deformation factor and can simulate the vibration of the structure User can also control the animation speed Most of the regular features of Regular plots can be activated for eigenmode display in particular group selection and lighting Fig 2 2 Spider Deformation amplification 9 000e 01 w 2 717e 03 rad sec f 4 325e 02 Hz 2312e 07 Ke Laz 42 Deformation amplification 9 000e 01 w 5 863e 03 rad sec f 9 332e 02 Hz T 1072e 07l amp La Deformation amplification 9 000e 01 w 2 017e 03 rod sec f 3 210e 02 Hz T 3 115e 037Be lo Figure 2 2 Example of eigenmode Viewing User s Manual Chapter 3 Real Time rtv Viewer 3D dynamic nonlinear finite element analysis can necessitate many hours of computation The Real Time viewer allows the user to monitor displacements and accelrograms in real time while t
36. e Mode id Eigenvalue w Eigenvector a Node id x coord id y coord id z_id mode shape x mode shape y mode shape z b Note that there is no counter for the number of eigenvalues eigenvectors Appendix F rtv Post Data file Format rtv file or Real Time View file store the nodal displacements and some accelerations during a time history dynamic analysis The file can be viewed by Spider both during and after analysis This feature enables the user to monitor a lengthy dynamic analysis such as a 3D nonlinear one which may take a couple of days and visualize both the displacements and the accelerogram 1 Number of Nodes Number of Elements Number of time increments Number of Accelerations being monitored 2 Nodal coordinates a Node id x coord id y coord id z_id b 3 Element connectivity a number of nodes group number Node 1 Node 2 b 4 For each time step a Time stamp can be an ascii character such as T 1 03 sec b Accelerations at each of the points as fractions of g c Displacements at each of the nodal points
37. ed by the user e The drawing functions takes the mesh wing radial plot and Open GL variables as arguments and draws the plot according to the data present in those structures e The graphics functions takes care of the interface between the drawing functions and Open GL e The data structure functions offers the data structures and operations on the data structures to the rest of the code in the program e The utility functions handle odds and ends such as file checking Each of the various data structures are implemented as a separate module only dependent and relying on lower level data structure modules This makes the data structures easy to maintain and easy to change if there is a need For each of the various plots or other functionality in Spider there are a number of functions that implements the plot s property popup window and drawing routines that are independent of other plots functionality This modularity makes Spider easy to maintain and extend as a new type of plot or other functionality can be added without affecting other plots or other functionality Spider User s Manual Appendix D pst Post Data file Format D 1 Introduction Spider was originally developed as a 3D postprocessor for the finite element code MERLIN which is primarily concerned with fracture mechanics analysis However since its inception Spider was made as general as possible i e no labels information specific to MERLIN were ha
38. edge structure is a more complex structure with more elements than the winged edge structure but the two are used in a similar fashion in Spider Both the winged and radial edge structures are not as complete and general as described in Reference to Winged Edge paper and Reference to Radial Edge paper as the problem of representing a finite element mesh s topology is fairly straightforward C 1 3 Other structures The are two additional structures the plot variables and the phigs variables that are important in Spider C 2 General program structure 55 The plot variables is a structure containing the data specified by the user in the various plot properties popup windows as well as the various computed and temporary data used when creating a plot C 2 General program structure Spider is event driven i e it does not have a main loop but relies on user interface callback functions to call the necessary functions to perform the actions desired by the user The program is built as a number of functions with a user interface layer taking care of the interface between the user and the functionality offered Spider can broadly be split into five parts the user interface functions the drawing functions the graphics functions the data structure functions and the utility functions e The user interface functions handles the visible user interface and fills in the plot variables and calls the drawing functions to create the plot desir
39. element data such as a crack surface definition might also change during the course of an analysis Program dependent data can also be included in the file for use by the finite element application program but this data will be ignored by the post processor Spider User s Manual D 3 Incremental Data 60 D 3 2 1 Mesh Size Parameters The second sub block in the incremental data block contains the mesh size parameters Six parameters indicate the size of the mesh for the current increment 1 The number of nodes in the mesh INTEGER 2 The number of corner nodes in the mesh INTEGER The number of coordinates per node INTEGER The number of elements in the mesh INTEGER The maximum number of nodes per element INTEGER c Qe oe The number of finite element application arrays INTEGER All of the mesh size parameters are INTEGERs Including the number of nodes and elements in the mesh in this sub block allows for consistency checking between the mesh in program memory and the mesh defined in the file If the number of nodes and elements in program memory do not correspond to the number of nodes and elements in the file the mesh definition in the file must be read into program memory If there is no mesh definition data in the file reading of the file must be terminated prematurely The number of corner nodes in the mesh indicates to the post processor how many of the nodes define element corners The information for the co
40. entry is added to the display list At that point the user can select any entry from the list and adjust its display characteristics Fig 1 47 Note that in this figure the cutting disc is displayed and we first have two groups maximum principal stress shown on the left and minimum principal shown on the right In the second case we have added a third layer showing principal plots Spider User s Manual 1 4 Options 38 Generate Cut in Mesh x Specify plane as one point plus normal Point containing plane 1 692 5 y 2 o Cut plane euler angles o Cut Disk Size 05 Number of cuts p Spacing between plots 106 3 JV Make cut plane transparent mea HA ILL liar rend 1 Figure 1 44 Option Cut Figure 1 45 Example of Cut Mesh Split Plot Control E Plot layer list Remove Layer Point containing plane fi 65 X Cut plane euler angles Cut Disk Size os Display split disk Figure 1 46 Option Split Spider User s Manual 1 4 Options 39 a 23042 245e 1 6 70e 1 1 13e 0 1588e 0 2 04e 0 249e 0 295e 0 3 40e 0 3 86e 0 4 31e 0 min 4 310e 000 4 mex2 385e 001 Figure 1 47 Example of Split Mesh 1 4 6 Lighting Lighting can also be controlled Fig 1 48 This feature is critical for proper 3D viewing Lighting can be enabled or disabled and the lighting position can also be
41. er Block o oo s ko e ir AO ORDERED Ret RR 66 D3 Post Variable ASE uu oam Rx uo LL an xb do oL ERE emm Rus 67 DA Solution Statue Parameter uou Ree ceerer wR ee ev OR ko od 68 DS Mesh Size Parameter 2 24 2 2 2 omae E Ha RC RE RE dE eR 68 13 6 Nadal Coordinates uu iu obo Rez Ask eed bb de wet Rd he De Yu d 68 Dit El ment Connectivity oc gon kee Room a 9 09 bem eS REA ee Be BE 4 68 DS Nodal Post Variables x RE um ua ea D da AA Bl ew mu der x 69 LIST OF TABLES 8 SUMMARY Spider is a general purpose 3D post processor for static and dynamic nonlinear finite element analysis results Spider is an OpenGL implementation under Windows There is no Unix implementation yet Spider can read post data of any properly written finite element analysis program as long as it includes nodal coordinates element connectivities and nodal characteristics defined as scalar vector or tensors of order two In addition the Spider can display x y or x y z plots either coming form the finite element analysis through GnuPlot or internally generated In addition Spider can compute the FFT of a data set resultant force and moment if stresses along a line are being plotted Spider display regular meshes shrink plots vector and principal values plots it will internally com pute the eigenvalues eigenmodes of the order two tensors contour carpet and surface plots Three dimensional meshes can be sliced and provide two dimensional displays of
42. er builds the winged and radial edge structures Section C 1 2 This computationally intensive task eliminates internal nodes edges and surfaces before the mesh can be properly displayed Hence to accelerate subsequent viewing of the pst file Spider stores this data structure as a pst radial file 1 2 2 Copy to Clipboard enables the user to copy the current screen display into the clipboard as an extended metafile file emf This rather large file can then be easily imported by applications such as Word Power Point or Adobe Illustrator Note this copy mode is much better than simply printing the screen content as not only does it automatically take care of background color but it also create a scalable image inside the intended target document For 3D displays it is advisable to switch the display mode to Mesh rather than the defaulted setting of Mesh with hidden line 1 2 3 Export d Exports current displays into either one of the following formats as Fig 1 Encapsulated postscript file eps best for ATEX 2 Window Enhanced Metafile em best for Word 3 Bitmap bmp 4 Graphics Interchange Format Gif Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 11 5 Joint Photographic Experts Group jpg with quality control 1 3 User can select path and file name Export to File x Output File name c Tepsco Phase 5 Questions Kasho 2D newmark O Browse C Save as encapsulated postscript EPS C Save as
43. er is built around three central data structures The lowest level is the mesh variables a structure containing the mesh definition and associated data For two dimensional meshes the winged edge data structure Reference to Winged Edge paper is used to represent the mesh s topology and for three dimensional meshes the radial edge data structure Reference to Radial Edge paper is used to represent the mesh s topology There are also other important structures to hold information about the plot to draw and the properties of the various possible plots Spider is written in a modular fashion and parts of the code that do not interact are independent of each other C 1 1 The mesh variables The mesh variables structure contains the data found in the input and post files This includes the node and element definitions the post data type information and the post data as well as the application specific data such as the XY plot and fracture parameter data Computed post data such as the principal values and vector lengths are also stored in the mesh variables structure C 1 2 The winged and radial edge structures The winged and radial edge structures contain a representation of the mesh topology for two and three dimensional meshes respectively Each is a hierarchical structure where the basic elements are vertices edges and faces and the topology of the mesh are represented by the positional relationship of these basic elements The radial
44. ever Fig B 1 if we were to apply at the base the accelerogram recorded on the surface I t the output signal A t at the surface will be different than the one originally recorded unless we have rigid foundation Hence the accelerogram recorded on the surface must be deconvoluted into a new one 7 t such that when the new signal is applied at the base of the foundation the computed signal at the dam base matches the one recorded by the accelerogram B 1 Fourrier Transform Fourrier transforms enables us to transfer a signal from the time domain to the frequency domain Hence the FFT takes us from the time domain to the frequency domain through the following equation oo X w se tas B 1 a t E X w B 2 while the inverse FFT takes us back from the frequency domain to the time domain through x t Xterra B 3 Xo FEES ad B 4 B 2 Transfer Function In dynamic event we can define an input record t which is amplified by h t resulting in an output signal o t Fig B 2 Similarly the operation can be defined in the frequency domain This output to input relationship is of major importance in many disciplines B 3 Deconvolution 51 Deconvolution ompanentV ata GE Il Trestle jeje rat ode Figure B 1 Deconvolution Graphical User Interface i t h t o t Excitation FFT FFT d H 0 O 0 Figure
45. ex Information Figure 1 25 Vertex information 1 3 10 1 1 Full Nodal Information Select Print Vertex One Infoand or Print Vertex Two Info and then Spider will display inside an editable Notepad all known data associated with the respective node Fig 1 26 Note if more than one node is selected during one session new nodal information are not appended at the end of the existing file but rather placed on the top of the file Furthermore the notepad file can be edited and saved on disk 1 3 10 1 2 Value vs Increments gl Allows the user to generate a gnuplot x y for the selected scalar associated with the selected node in terms of all the increments This is most useful in nonlinear analyses Furthermore user can Fig 1 27 1 O 0 N Q C Select multiple scalar values to be plotted by Enabling the Multiplot option 2 Stack those plots Fig 1 28 Note that x y coordinates can be read at the bottom left corner 3 4 Save the data associated with those files into a disk ascii file Display the data as Grid Excel format Fig such that data can be easily exported to an xls file through CTRL C Modify the Y Axis range Select a Log scale for the Y axis Plot the Resultant and first moment useful to convert stresses into force Plot the FFT of the selected data Request additional gnuplot options Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 27 Vertex number 1 of 1 Pick node data Mon Jul 25 10 39 29 2
46. g meaning Application Data XY plotable NR 2 x y number of data sets number of data points XYZ plotable NR 3 x y z number of data sets number of data points fracture parameters NC 1 NP 1 number of parameters The finite element application data array record is the contents of the array Since the header record establishes the type and size of the array it is possible to read the entire array record with one read statement or to skip over it completely as is done in the post processor The finite element application data label record is the list of labels for the application data array The labels are of type STRING Since in most cases the application data block is ignored by the post processor the number of labels in the application data header record can be zero and the label record can be empty Only in the case of special types of data like XY plotable or fracture parameters the labels has to be provided and the number of labels is determined as follows XY plotable NR 2 XYZ plotable NR 3 NL NC4 fracture parameters where the individual labels should be as follows XY plotable 1 menu label 2 graph title label for x axis 3 4 label for y axis 5 label for data set 1 6 7 label for data set NC XYZ plotable 1 menu label 2 graph title 3 label for x axis 4 label for y axis 5 label for z axis Spider User s Manual D 3 Incremental Data 65 Test Problem Title Nu
47. gth Eigenvalues of Tensors of Order 2 which are internally determined Principal strains Maximum minimum intermediary Principal stresses Maximum minimum intermediary Volumetric strain ey Sut eye eae Hydrostatic stress oyyq A Von Mises Stress 4 21 22 t 2 03 tlas 01 a F 7s 71 Display legend to toggle the display of the thermometer which color codes for the contour lines 21 Post Value Range Type is Wire frame solid filled or shaded It is recommended to use shaded the user may select a logarithmic distribution Automatic Value limits is by default set to on However user can overwrite the lower and upper limits to better focus on a range of values Magnification Through this slider the user can control the magnitude of the artificially imposed third dimension of the mesh Fig 1 19 illustrates Carpet Plot Carpet Plot Principal Stresses Maximum increment 7 A ces test Figure 1 19 Carpet Plot Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 22 1 3 6 Surface Plot LU Surface plot displays contour surfaces inside a 3D structure whereas contour lines are displayed on the surface of the 3D structure Surface plots has essentially the same capabilities as contour plots Fig 1 20 Surface Plot Properties Lx Post Value Variable Type Displacements X Post Value Variable Displacement u m Component Display overlay mesh as Wire Frame
48. he analysis is taking place Hence through this immediate feedback one can have the assurance that the analysis is proceeding correctly and that that there are no signs of divergence Similarly upon completion of the analysis the user can play back the structural response and closely monitor key accelerations An rtv file contains nodal coordinates element connectivities and for each time step displacements and accelerations at selected nodes Hence Spider recognizes rtv files as one resulting from a time dependent analysis and allow the display of deformed shapes and accelerograms Fig 3 1 and then the user can control the graphical display Increment allows the user to select the increment number Once entered the deformed mesh is auto matically updated Animate will initialize the dynamic animation of the mesh Speed and mesh deformation can be controlled by the corresponding sliders During animation the accelerogram is being updated If the analysis is running in the background then the graph is continuously being updated If the analysis is completed then a vertical line scrolls along the time axis of the accelerogram to indicate current accelerations corresponding to the deformed mesh Components to Display allows the user to select one or more of the cartesian components of the accelerations and or the root mean square of the acceleration Show Nodes permits the user to select the nodes which accelerations are to be m
49. he full display of rtv files we note the textual information and the varying thermometer Deformation amplification 1 111e O3 0 05 j increment Paps timestamp 4 616 00 RN din 24 i tor X Node 7 X acceleration 2 02e Node Y occeleratior 6 06e 0O2 Node 15 RMS occelerotion 1 16e 01 Vn SX 5RY ege 995 X acceleration 864e 02 Node 15 Y occelerction 7 76e OZ2 7 20e 00 5 70e OO 2 00e 01 5 30e 00 5 80e 00 4 02e 00 5 42e 00 6 82e 00 8 22e 00 1 00e 0 Figure 3 2 Example of Real Time Viewing Full Display associated with each node degree of freedom acceleration In Fig 3 3 textual display was removed Finally the two type of GnuPlot generated plots associated with an rtv file are show in Fig 3 4 Note that this feature can also be used in static nonlinear problems to simply monitor the deformation of the mesh in real time Spider User s Manual Spider Deformation amplification 1 111e 03 7 20e 00 5 70e OO 2 00e 01 5 50e 00 5 80e 00 46 4 02e 00 5 42e 00 6 82e 00 8 22e 00 Figure 3 3 Example of Real Time Viewing Partial Display 1 00e 0 User s Manual o onam P Oo Bu 0 amp E bon amp mom moa mirmem a oi o coU i On d Goo S oO a foco i8 Tn T T Node 15 Y J Node 15 X 7 iy heii Node 15 RMS Node 7 Y
50. ise flag is provided to allow for the specification of characteristic of a post variable type beyond its order and rank In order to allow for deformed structure plots when post processing the additional INTEGER is used to identify displacements Immediately following the stamp definition in the unformatted output file is an integer that indicates the number of nodal post variable types in the file This number must be positive and non zero or post processing cannot be performed A value of zero indicates that the file contains no nodal post variables and a value less than zero is considered to be an error If there are no nodal post variables post processing cannot be performed because the post processor does not recognize integration point information and therefore does not perform an extrapolation of integration point values to the nodes If the unformatted output file is written by a program other than MERLIN nodal extrapolation must be performed by that program for all post variable types that are not already nodal values For each post variable type there is a post variable record containing the information that defines it The information defining a post variable type is in the order of appearance as follows 1 Rank An INTEGER indicating the rank O Scalar 1 Vector 2 Second order tensor 2 Order An INTEGER indicating the order O For a single scalar value the order would be 1 and for scalar list i e a set of unrelated scalar va
51. l display is automatically updated The Animate Stop button allows the user to view a continuous simulation of the mesh as the load is being applied Hence all plots contour vectors and others will be updated as Spider loops through the increments ESTES x Increment E Animate Figure 1 40 Option Increments Spider User s Manual 1 4 Options 36 1 4 2 Groups In the mesh definition provided to Spider each element is assigned a group number The group typically include all those elements with the same element type and same material model Hence the Group Option Fig 1 41 allows the user to select those group identifiers to be displayed When a group is Figure 1 41 Option Groups selected the min max and thermometers are automatically updated to consider only those groups currently displayed 1 4 3 Settings The Settings Option Fig 1 42 allows the user to control a number of control parameters in Spider In particular Spider Settings Xx r Attribute Background C Tex m C Undefomed Mesh C Legend color low Lighting C Deformedmesh C Legend color high r Attribute Color Black Red Yellow Iv Custom Red 0 4000 White Green Gyan Green 0 4000 Grey C Blue Magenta Blue 0 8999 r Text and Caption Display Caption Text Size H 0 0273 Annotation Size SA 00235 Force legend endpoints to powers of 10 r Normalized Principal
52. mber of Post Variable Types Definition of the stamp Table D 2 File Header Block aD label for data set 1 8 label for data set NC fracture parameters 1 label for fracture parameter 1 p 3 label for fracture parameter NR D 3 3 Nodal Post Variables The last sub block in the incremental data block of the unformatted output file is the nodal post variables sub block The nodal post variables sub block is optional appearing only when the number of post variable types is non zero If there are no nodal post variables post processing cannot be performed because the post processor does not recognize integration point information and therefore does not perform an extrapolation of integration point values to the nodes If the unformatted output file is written by a program other than MERLIN nodal extrapolation must be performed by that program for all post variable types that are not already nodal values Nodal post variables are written to the file in post variable records Post variable records contain only REAL numbers There is one post variable record for each node and each record is of the same fixed length The length of the post variable record is the sum of the orders for the post variable types Post variables appear in the same order in the post variable record as the post variable types and their components appear in the file header D 3 4 Block Separator The incremental data block terminates with a pair of stamps
53. n and each column corresponds to the response in a given direction Hence three separate analysis must be performed I I and for each excitation we must determine Spider User s Manual B 3 Deconvolution 53 the three components of the surface acceleration Then we will compute the 3D transfer function Asz w Asylw Azz w TF TF TF TF we Aem 5 B 5 The DE TF Au Am Azz w MV I w IZ Iw TFr_za Hence the excitation to be applied in the frequency domain is given by L2 MES Iw F Alo B 6 1 Alu while in the time domain it is y t B 7 B 3 2 1 Simplification The preceding 3D generalized procedure can be simplified if we were to ignore the off diagonal terms A 0 0 TF 0 0 Li w a TA 0 TE 0 0 ABS o B 8 0 0 TE y Ags w o 0 Fer which will greatly simplify the inversion of the transfer function Ilw Al w Iy w TFpa A w B 9 1 w Al w Iw m I t Tw p 4 L B 10 Ilw 1 t Spider User s Manual Appendix C System Implementation Spider has been under almost continuous development for over 12 years It was first developed on a Sun Unix workstation using PHIGS It was then ported to a Window environment into Open Inventor and finally rewritten in Open GL Its graphical user interface has followed a similar path first written in Open Look then in Motif and finally in Microsoft MFC C 1 Program structure Spid
54. n Data X Y data to be plotted as defined in Sect D 3 2 4 These labelled x y data set can be plotted in Spider Fig 1 33 through Gnuplot If no Application Data are defined in the pst file this entry is greyed out if not the user can 1 Select the Data label is defined by the user who wrote the pst file and the data set whcih usually corresponds to the increment 2 Y axis can be reset by user as opposed to automatic determination of min and max 3 Plot X Y for Current increment loaded by Spider a b c d All increments one plot for each increment superimposed or stacked Custom Increment such as increments 1 5 and 18 last increment Y axis may be plotted on a Log scale FFT or smoothed FFT of the selected data set may be plotted Resultant moment for stresses versus length may also be determined A x qe d Display the data as Grid Excel format Fig such that data can be easily exported to an x1s file through CTRL C 8 Additional Gnuplot commands can also be manually specified 1 3 14 XYZ V Plot 3D Cracks Joints In 3D structures when cracks or joints are present it is often desirable to visualize relative data such as opening sliding or internal pressure T hose data can be supplied by the finite element analysis code in the form of z y z coordinate and a corresponding scalar value v By extension user may submit to Spider such data which are not necessarily associa
55. onitored Gnuplot will send current accelerogram to a gnuplot window for better viewing and possible copying into the clipboard as an emf file Time Limits are by default set to tmin and tmar but they can be overwritten by the user Use global min max allows the user to set the min and max accelerations in the accelerogram y axis to correspond to those of the current display or of the entire data range This greatly facilitate data interpretation and puts them in perspective Display accel Tex will display textual information on the screen Display accel bars will display bars on the screen corresponding to each of the acceleration compo nents he bar is normalized to one unit as defined below It provides a visual feedback on the acceleration of various degrees of freedom Accel Bar magnify is a magnifying factor for the bar accelerations By default it is set to 1 but can be increased to 10 20 50 and 100 44 Transient Real Time X Figure 3 1 Real Time Control Spider User s Manual 45 Display as will include the acceleration units By default it is none but can be set to g gal m s ft s and custom RT file allows the user to specify the acceleration units in the rtv file Spider will then internally perform the appropriate conversion of the input acceleration to be consistent with the display unit For custom units the user can manually set the scaling factor Fig 3 2 shows t
56. r at the min max locations and the numerical values will be displayed in the lower right corner Display legend to toggle the display of the thermometer which color codes the magnitude of the vector length Post Value Range Type is by default set to linear but for problems with strong discontinuity the user may select a logarithmic distribution Vector Scale slider allows the user to set the length of the vector Note that if the scale is set to a value too low small vectors may not be displayed Arrowhead size provides control of the arrowhead to be in proportion with the rest of the graphical display Automatic Value limits is by default set to on However user can overwrite the lower and upper limits to better focus on a range of values Display Deformed Mesh allows the user to display and control the deformation of the deformed mesh One may superimpose to the display the background mesh as None Mesh or Mesh Outline Separate Groups allows the user to pull out all one or more groups through the slider for better view Fig 1 12 is an example of the generated display 1 3 3 Contour Plot 2 The contour plot can show any post data type using contour lines solid filled contour areas or shaded contour areas Fig 1 13 Post Value variable Type Contour Plot will display any of the followings scalars components of vectors and of tensors eigenvalues of tensors of order 2 max minimum and intermediate principal
57. rbitrary nodes is desired then the user should 1 Select N two distinct nodes Use recent 2 Select Use Recent Picks alternatively user can directly enter the node number in the appropriate box 3 Select the scalar values to be displayed along the two selected nodes 4 Plot the curve Fig 1 30 T T T T T T Principal Stresses Maximum e 01 F d Z ojx T T N 4 imum 008 es Maxi hit carriage return Principal Stress um sses Minimi Principal St 5 ES e 0 088045 0 120000 Figure 1 30 Plot of Selected Scalar Between Two User Selected Nodes Note that user can also 1 Select multiple scalar values to be plotted by Enabling the Multiplot option 2 Save the data associated with those files into a disk ascii file 3 Display the data as Grid Excel format Fig such that data can be easily exported to an x1s file through CTRL C Modify the Y Axis range Select a Log scale for the Y axis Plot the Resultant and first moment useful to convert stresses into force Plot the FFT of the selected data 9o NN OF Ot m Request additional gnuplot options Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 30 test_quadratic_2d pst Spider TEPSCO 5 x J File View Controls Options Help SASMeNNR OH PSISRRHE SES RENE X 6 51e 1 1 20e 2 1 59e 2 1 96e 2 2 598 2 3 328 2 4 928 2 6 18e 2 1 07e 1 1 89e 1 Val 2 65888301
58. rdwired and hence it can easily be used a powerful and flexible finite element post processor for virtually any finite element code and is not restricted to stress analysis This is achieved by transferring all relevant nodal information including labels via the generic Spider input data file It should be noted that in all cases only nodal values can be given it remains the responsibility of the FE code to determine nodal stresses from Gauss Points Spider s input data file is composed of various blocks of information some of them listed only once while others may have to be either repeated or not listed at all Spider accept its input in either binary or as ASCII data files In those files unless otherwise stated INTEGER is a 32 bits integer number REAL is a 64 bits floating point number i e double precision STRING is a variable length character string The structure of the file is the same in both cases however there are differences mostly in the representation of the various data types The following table summarizes the various data types in the file and their representation in the ASCII and binary format D 2 File Header Block 57 Data Type Description Format in Format in ASCII File Binary File INTEGER Any integer type data Integer value 4 bytes without decimal point delimited by any whitespaced character REAL Any real type data Real value delimited 8 bytes by any whitespaced character Don t use D fo
59. riables the order would be the number of scalar list items 1 For a 2 D vector quantity the order would be 2 and for a 3 D vector the order would be 3 2 For a 2 by 2 symmetric tensor the order would be 3 for a 2 by 2 unsymmetric tensor the order would be 4 for a 3 by 3 symmetric tensor the order would be 6 and for a 3 by 3 unsymmetric tensor the order would be 9 3 Flag An INTEGER containing the bit wise flags used to identify special case data for the post processor Special cases would include directly and indirectly scaled vectors e g displacements are directly scaled and forces are indirectly scaled or a tensor type e g a tensor of engineering strains must be differentiated from one of true strains The flag indicating that a vector post variable is a displacement vector has a value of 2 i e 10 binary the flag indicating that a tensor post value is a stress tensor has a value of 8 i e 1000 binary and the flag indicating that a tensor post value is an engineering strain tensor has a value of 16 i e 10000 binary 4 Keyword A STRING variable is used to identify the post variable type in the finite element application program when performing a restart This character string is called the keyword It is not appropriate to use a null string as a keyword Spider User s Manual D 3 Incremental Data 59 5 Label A STRING variable is used as a menu label to identify the post variable type in the post processor Thi
60. rmat in in FORTRAN STRING Any character based String of characters String of cha delimited by new line racters pre characters ceeded by an INTEGER indi cating it s length Because binary data files can not be read from a different machine than the one which wrote it and since binary data files are much more compact than their ASCII counterparts tools are available to translate binary to ASCII and ASCII to binary Spider files hence one can run a FE code on a Unix workstation and post process results on a Pentium based machine using compact binary data files D 1 1 Post File Structure The structure of the unformatted output file is described in the following diagram The first block is always the file header followed by the incremental data blocks The number of incremental data blocks is unlimited however there can be only one header block in the file FILE HEADER INCREMENTAL DATA increment 0 INCREMENTAL DATA increment 1 INCREMENTAL DATA increment 2 D 2 File Header Block The first block in the unformatted output file is the file header block It contains the title of the problem the definition of the stamp used as a separator between blocks and a list of the post variables that appear in the file as nodal post variables The list of post variables cannot change for the duration of an analysis so an unformatted output file has only one file header block D 2 1 Title The title is written to the unformat
61. rner nodes must appear before the mid side nodes in the nodal coordinates and nodal post variables sub blocks of the incremental block The number of coordinates per node is non zero only if nodal coordinates are included in the file The maximum number of nodes per element is non zero only if element connectivity is included in the file If the number of coordinates per node is non zero the maximum number of nodes per element must also be non zero and vice versa If the number of coordinates per node is zero the maximum number of nodes per element must also be zero The number of finite element application arrays can be zero indicating that there are no finite element application arrays included in the incremental data D 3 2 2 Nodal Coordinates Nodal coordinates are optional appearing in the unformatted output file only when the number of coordinates per node is non zero MERLIN writes the nodal coordinates to the file for increment zero and then for any other increment where the number of nodes change or the coordinates themselves change By writing the nodal coordinates to the unformatted output file other finite element programs can avoid having to convert their input to MERLIN s input file format for post processing The nodal coordinates for each node are as follows 1 The coordinate 2 The coordinate 3 The coordinate Only the and coordinates are required for 2 D geometries and all three coordinates are required for 3 D geome
62. s character string is called the post variable type label If the post variable type label is a null string this post variable type will be ignored by the post processor 6 Component A list of STRINGs that serve as post variable component labels i e the num ber of strings in the list corresponds to the order of the post variable type The post variable component labels are used by the post processor in the menus that pull down from the menu item from the post variable type label A null string is an acceptable label but the post processor ignores all post variables that have a null string as their label Labels are generally not used by the finite element application program D 2 4 Block Separator The file header block terminates with a pair of stamps which act as an error checking mechanism If both of these integers are not equal to the predefined stamp an alignment error has been encountered and reading of the unformatted output file will be terminated immediately D 3 Incremental Data After the file header block comes the incremental data block which is made up of several sub blocks These sub blocks include solution status parameters finite element data and the nodal post variables The incremental data block can appear in the unformatted output file an arbitrary number of times but it is not necessary to include an incremental data block for every increment of an analysis This section describes the sub blocks comprising
63. scale are also possible User can specify the camera angle set the limits of the v values and specify if a log scale to avoid distortions caused by singularities is required Contour lines may be superimposed on the surface or projected on the base A key aspect of this feature is Spider ability to project the user supplied data points into one of the major planes x y y z or x z It will do its best to determine the optimal one however the user can overwrite Spider s guess Again multiplot is possible and the user can provide additional Gnuplot commands Fig 1 36 1 3 15 Show Title This will simply display the title the Increment No and for each type of plot contour vector carpet principal the corresponding scalar being plotted Fig 1 37 Spider User s Manual 1 4 Options 35 SRSenrPR OE PARAS DNA Figure 1 38 ToolBar Controls for generating XYZ V Plot Figure 1 39 Statusbar 1 3 16 Focus View na T z Rotate and scale with respect to a point selected by ENT can also be activated from 9 1 3 17 Reset Camera will recenter the display inside the window 1 3 18 Clear Points of Interest Will cleat the picked points from the mesh similar to Li 1 3 19 Toolbar Display the toolbar Fig 1 38 1 3 20 Statusbar Display the statusbar Fig 1 39 1 4 Options 1 4 1 Increments Increments Fig 1 40 allows the user to select the load increment to be viewed Once selected the graphica
64. ted output file as a variable length character string of the type STRING The maximum number of characters that can be expected for the title is eighty 80 If the title is a null string i e contains only blanks the length of the string is zero and no string or an empty line appears in the file Spider User s Manual D 2 File Header Block 58 D 2 2 Stamp Definition After the title an INTEGER value called a stamp must be given The stamp is a bit wise coded integer that will be used later in the file as a separator between blocks When used as a separator the stamp appears in pairs The value for the stamp probably should not be zero as a pair of integer zeros or a double precision zero might commonly occur in the file In MERLIN the stamp has all bits turned on which is 1 on most machines If another application were to write an unformatted output file for post processing the choice of the stamp is left to the programmer D 2 3 Post Variable List The list of nodal post variables in the unformatted output file contains a combination of INTEGERs and variable length character STRINGs Each unique post variable appearing in the file is called a post variable type For example displacements and stresses are post variable types for a stress analysis The INTEGERs identify the rank i e scalar vector or tensor and the order i e the number of components for each post variable type An additional INTEGER which is typically a bit w
65. ted with a crack Spider provides the capability of accessing this data set through the graphical user interface shown in Fig 1 34 When this option is activated Spider will display the mesh outline with all data sets and the data set selected by the user 10 in this case will be highlighted Fig 1 35 Spider will use the distinct and unstructured data points and fit them into a grid with a user specified resolution 10 in this case Actual data points used may be displayed or not The shaded surface can be displayed with or without Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 33 Figure 1 34 Control Panel for the Display of Surface Plots Associated with Cracks Joints 011 Crack opening Profiles of crack 010 Crack opening Figure 1 35 Spider Display When user Selects xyz v data Set Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 34 composite plot Profiles_of_crack_011 Crack opening Values 2 dn view 60 0000 30 0000 scale 1 00000 1 00000 Figure 1 36 Example of xyz v 3D Plot of two Data Sets Figure 1 37 Plot Title without and with Labels hidden lines User may also specify a flat reference plane at a given v value such as a critical crack opening This will enable the user to easily determine if part of the plots violates a certain criteria As in other plots data can be either saved into a file or displayed in a grid excel alike format Shading and grey
66. tensors of order 2 max minimum and intermediate principal values In addition Spider will internally compute the hydrostatic volumetric and von Mises values associated with a tensor of order 2 It should be noted that internally through a flag in the pst file Spider distinguishes between strain and stress tensors For a Merlin input file the following scalar quantities are displayed Tensors of Order 1 or vectors Velocities vz vy vz Accelerations az a az Displacements u v w Applied Forces Fy Fy F Spider User s Manual 1 3 View 20 kas 24_dyn1 pst Spider TEPSCO TEPSCO Io x File View Controls Options Help ACTA AAA PED wasp e Figure 1 17 Principal Stresses Plot Carpet Plot Properties x Post Value Variable Type Displacements B Post Value Component Displacement u Y Display mesh as Display Legend F Post Value Range Type Linear IV Automatic Value Limits Minimum pono 4 Maximum pozo 2 Mean ov 0 00e 0 1 00e 4 2 00e 4 Figure 1 18 Control for Carpet Plots 2D Spider User s Manual 1 3 View Reactions Ry Ry Rz Residual Rz Ry Rz Tensors of Order 2 Strains x Eyy Ezz Ezy Exz Eyz Stresses Orr Oyy Ozz Cry 0x2 Cyz Scalar Vector length without components Displacement vector length Applied forces vector length Reactions vector length Residuals vector len
67. the interior Finally and in the context of a nonlinear analysis of concrete structures disks can display the smeared cracks Spider can also handle eigenvalue analysis results through the display of animated eigenmodes and the display of their corresponding eigenfrequencies Finally Spider can also display in real time i e while an analysis is running results of a dynamic or nonlinear analysis For dynamic analysis accelerograms of selected nodes can be monitored along with the corresponding deformed shapes For nonlinear static analysis deformation in real time can be monitored This feature of Spider is particularly useful for monitoring dynamic analysis which is computationally intensive Spider has a mouse oriented graphical user interface which makes the program easy and intuitively to use Hence there is not a command prompt and no directives to memorize The Spider input files are relatively straightforward to define and can be read either as binary or ASCII files Since Spider understands various data types and reads the labels used in the menus along with the post data from the post file the type of analysis a finite element code performs does not affect Spider The menus will be displayed with proper labels and the the plots will visualize the data in the formats described below Hence Spider is not limited or tied to stress analysis This document is broken in three chapters pst File definition for regular finite element
68. tries The coordinate is the x coordinate for plane stress plane strain and generalized 2 and 3 D continuum idealizations and the r coordinate for axisymmetric idealizations The coordinate is the y coordinate for plane stress plane strain and generalized 2 and 3 D continuum idealizations and the z coordinate for axisymmetric idealizations The coordinate is the z coordinate in generalized 3 D continuum idealizations All coordinates are of type REAL Spider User s Manual D 3 Incremental Data 61 D 3 2 3 Element Connectivity Element connectivity is optional appearing in the unformatted output file only when the maximum number of nodes per element is non zero MERLIN writes the element connectivity to the file for increment zero and then for any other increment where the number of elements change or the element connectivity itself changes By writing the element connectivity to the unformatted output file other finite element programs can avoid having to convert their input to MERLIN s input file format for post processing When writing element connectivity to file only the nodes defining the element are actually written In order to facilitate this approach additional information is written to the file along with the connectivity The information defining the connectivity for each element is as follows e The element type INTEGER e The element group ID INTEGER First node in connectivity of element INTEGER Second node in
69. which act as an error checking mechanism If both of these integers are not equal to the predefined stamp an alignment error has been encountered and reading of the unformatted output file will terminate immediately Spider User s Manual D 3 Incremental Data 66 132 vector order 3 scalable displacement DSPTOT keyword S SE Displacements pos variable type label Displacement post variable component labels Displacement post variable component labels Displacement w post variable component Tabes 130 vector order 3 mon scalable FRCTOT keyword Applied Forces post variable type label Toreex post variable component abs Forces post variable component labels Force post variable component abes 130 vector order 3 non scalable REACT Keyword SSS Reactions pos variable pe label Reaction x post variable component abs Reaction post variable component labels Reaction post variable component abs 130 vector order 3 non scalable RESID keyword SSS Residuals post variable pelabal Residual x post variable component abs Residualy post variable component Tabes Residual post variable component Tabes 2616 Tensor 3x3 symmetric Enginccring strain EPSNOD feyo Strains ros variable pe label

Spider User`s Manual - University of Colorado Boulder

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents