Section 4.1 - Florida Gulf Coast University
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1. 109 if Get the temperature a5 an inte e g DSTACK F 170 tempC x10 la75 temperature 10L switch i 0 put i7 PORTC PORTC toggle LED val case i I J a Tam E DSTAL ahd 3 f putche 173 Send the temperature data vis void nain roid anc 474 f Divide by 10 to get the proper lt ray Fe gt gt Messages an FT Errors A wWamngs A Messages i Find i Files 291 Insert Figure 4 13 Screenshot of the CodeVisionAVR IDE with an emphasis on the Errors message window 4 1 1 14 Keep the CodeVisionAVR IDE open and go to the Uploading an Application section 4 2 2 to program the target MCU with the application produced in this section This concludes writing a sample application that can be used to test USART communication where data is sent from the STK500 to the host PC The variables PINA and PORTC shown in the code given in step 4 1 1 11 are the defined in the mega8515 h library header file which is automatically included when the code is generated from steps 4 1 1 9 and 4 1 1 10 These variables allow for control over the physical PORTA and PORTC headers A variable given by PINx accesses all pins of PORTx where x represents an appropriate port letter from A through E Individual pins of a port header can be accessed using the dot operator Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 11 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor follo2. Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor 4 Application Programming 4 1 Writing an Application The C programming language not C is utilized to develop the applications that are uploaded to the microcontroller used in this project However other languages such as Assembly and Pascal can also be utilized as long as the code can be translated into a HEX or ROM file The purposes of these file types are further explained in section 4 2 Uploading an Application The following subsections provide programming examples for the ATmega8515L MCU 4 1 1 STKS00 External Communication Protocol USART The USART available on the STK500 is dependent on the MCU installed in one of the target sockets 1 and it is used to communicate from the target MCU to various other devices 10 In this project the target microcontroller is the ATmega8515L which is installed in socket SCKT3000D3 as shown in Figure 1 6 The USART interface of the STK500 consists of three registers the USART control and status register the USART baud rate register and the USART data register which is either 8 bit or 16 bit depending on the CPU of the target microcontroller 10 The ATmega8515L is an 8 bit AVR e it has an 8 bit RISC CPU so its USART data register 1s an 8 bit register The keywords given to the USART registers by the CodeVisionAVR library for ATmega8sg515L microcontrollers are UCSRA UCSRB UCSRC UBRRH and UBRRL where t
3. Direction Pullup OQutput Value Bit 0 In T Bro BitO In P Bitd Bil In T Bt Bit1 In P Bit 1 Bit2 In T Bit2 Bit2 In P Bit 2 Bita In T Bt3 Bit3 In P Bit 3 Bit4 In T Bit Bir4 In P Bit 4 Bit5 In T Bit 5 Bir In P Bit S bit In Ti Bitb Bit amp In P Bit Bit 7 In T Br Bit In P Bit Figure 4 6 Screenshots of CodeWizardAVR Ports setup for PORTA From left to right PORTA default setup PORTA after toggling all Data Direction values 4 1 1 7 Select the PORTC tab and change the settings to match those in Figure 4 7 This is done by toggling all values in both the Data Direction and Pullup Output Value sections 1 e click on the fields that contain In to change them to Out and then click on the fields that contain 0 to change them to 1 Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 5 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor External IRQ Timers USART External IRAQ Timers USART Analog Comparator SPI 2C 1 Wie Analog Comparator SPI 12C 1 Wire LCD Bit Banged Project Information _ LCD Bit Banged Project Information Chip External SRAM Ports Chip External SRAM Ports PorttA PotB PortC PotD Porte Pot PotB PotC PotD Port Data Direction Pullup Output Value Data Direction Pullup Output Value BitO In T Bio BitO Out 1 Bo Bit1 In T Bit Bit Out 1 Bit Bit2 _In Ti Bit2 Bit2 Out 1 Bit2 Bit3 In T Bit3 Bit3 Out 1 Bit 3 Bit4 In T Bit4 Bit 4 Ou
4. USAF i Generate Save and Exit Interrupt m YA Exit Transmitter Ts Interrupt Figure 4 9 Screenshot of generating and saving a program formed using the CodeWizardAVR within CodeVisionAVR 4 1 1 10 Goto your desired directory say C Documents and Settings Administrator My Documents and create a new folder say STK500_TestProg Note it is good practice in CodeVisionAVR development to save all project files for a project within the same designated folder Go into this folder and give the C file a name say stk500_test_prog as shown by the first pop up window within Figure 4 10 A series of pop up windows will appear for naming other files Simply provide a name for these files they can be named with the same name as the C file but they must be given different extensions as shown in Figure 4 10 Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 7 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor Save C Compiler Source File 203 Save C Compiler Project File Leg Save inc STKS00_TexProg O F eE Savei O STES00_TestProg v tT E E 4 4 PE biy Recent My Recent Documents Documents ri F 4 Desktop Desktop AF a My Document hy Documents al lg 43 y My Computer My Computer a File nama k500_lest_prog c il Save J File name atk S00 test prog sat Save rot a EE ars D i My Met
5. e SDA Bit is set to O and the SCL Bit is set to 1 This parallels the hardware setup established in the Hardware Connectivity section 2 3 2 Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 12 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor External IAG Timers USART LCD Bit B anged Project Information Chip External SRAM Ports Analog Comparator SP 2 1 Wire l2 Port PORTE SDA Bit 0 a SCLBt 1 LM75 D51621 PCFS563 Fi 4 v Enabled Addess M 0 _ Output Active High Temperature L Hyst 75 40 5 80 34 Figure 4 14 Screenshot of the CodeWizardZVR I2C setup The I2C Port is set to PORTE and LM75 is set as Enabled 4 1 3 3 Perform steps 4 1 1 9 through 4 1 1 13 with the following revisions e 4 1 1 9 Perform as given e 4 1 1 10 The same directory can be used C Documents and Settings Administrator My Documents but create a different folder say STKS00_DAQ_ Temp Also use a different name to save the files given by the series of pop up windows say stk500_daq_temp e 4 1 1 11 Add the following code from Appendix section A 2 2 1 instead of the code originally given at this step the areas the following code 1s added are relatively located at the beginning and end of the program given in section A 2 2 1 of the appendix Standard Input Output functions finclude lt stdio h gt 7 Contains pr
6. he UCSRx keywords correspond to the high A middle B and low C sections of the USART Control and Status Register and the UBRRx keywords correspond to the high H and low L sections of the USART Baud Rate Register The USART data register is controlled by the specialized I O functions provided in the avr libc library Such input functions include getc and gets and such output functions include putc puts and printf These are the same functions available in the cstdio header of the C Library libc 11 but they have been revised in the AVR C Library avr libc for USART communication with respect to AVR microcontrollers 10 The required hardware setup to enable the use of the USART on the STK500 is given by the instructions in section 2 2 Appendix section A 2 1 provides a sample program that can be used to test USART communication between the board and its host Sections 3 1 and 3 2 of this Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 1 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor document explain the necessary steps to take before applications development can begin on the host PC The following instructions describe steps to implement the application in Appendix A 2 1 using the CodeVisionAVR IDE 4 1 1 1 Open the CodeVisionAVR IDE on the host by going to Start All Programs CodeVisionA VR and selecting CodeVisionAVR C Compiler Evaluati
7. ia Player 33 Windows Messenger A windows Movie Maker gt Windows Search Sie nacre Figure 4 1 Screenshot of how to start CodeVisionAVR Evaluation Florida Gulf Coast University Spring 2009 Page 2 of 14 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor 4 1 1 2 Go to the File menu and select New within the CodeVisionA VR window shown in Figure 4 2 ike CodeVisionAVR File Edit Search View Project Tools Settings Help D New Ctrl M Open Ctrl 0 ka Reopen b be Code Information 4 EJ Page Setup Exit Figure 4 2 Screenshot of how to create a new source file or project in Code VisionA VR 4 1 1 3 Select Project and click OK in the Create New File pop up window shown in Figure 4 3 B Create New File x File Type Figure 4 3 Screenshot of the CodeVisionAVR pop up selection window to decide whether to create a new source file or project Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 3 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor 4 1 1 4 Select Yes in the Confirm pop up window shown in Figure 4 4 to use a wizard that will automatically generate certain AVR code based on the settings given Confirm You are about to create 4 new project Pd Do you want to use the CodeWizardavR Figure 4 4 Screenshot of the pop up window confirming whether or not t
8. intt and sorintt include lt delay h gt Contains delay_ms include lt stdlibuwh gt Contains abs x x The int 1lm7 75_temperature_10 unsigned char chip function returns the temperature in degrees C times 10 retrieved from Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 13 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor the LM75 sensor with the address chip CAUTION A 300ms delay must be present between two successive calls to this LUNE Lom ry Get the temperature as an integer in degrees Celcius times 10 tempC_x10 lm7 5_temperature_10 0 PORTC PORTC toggle LED values Send the temperature data via USART Divide by 10 to get the proper whole number temperature Append the the decimal value of the temperature to one place by iJ Using modulus 10 princi aisa Un tenpe 10710 cabs tenpe x1 0410 F PORTC PORTC Delay for DELAY_ms amount of time delay_ms DELAY_ms e 4 1 1 12 Perform as given e 4 1 1 13 Perform as given in this case however all of the files compiled and built are from the C file given by stk500_daq_temp c e 4 1 1 14 Perform as given This concludes creating the software that correlates with the DAQ system formed between the STK500 PCB and myTWI Temperature Sensor The CodeVisionAVR User Manual 13 has more information on the functio
9. lf Coast University Page 10 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor Be CodeVisionAVR host Shared Folders truth324 On My Mac Documents COLLEGE FGCU Spring 2009 Courses CEN 4935 Senior Software Eng ogg Fie Edit Search View Project Tools Settings Help Bes Hegooc ABS B A E P Bee eG id annene naglo EN Ssa AGB 2 NO a T r 1 Sl it a i ea i RTTA ie E E Pana ore Arnie i m x i Ea A EFR i lt a i Code Navigator PEI b Code Information O F 0 Whoe Shared Folders uth324 On My Mac Documents COLLEG EJ Code Templates Fa Clipboard History 4 amp M Codevisond VA H ak500_ daq temp c Hotes SkS00_daq_temp c if t a Project stk oul dag t E Includes 153 if bosz fo ali ai Noles 4 Macias 154 ff O S polarity stk500_ dag temp FU Functions 155 im 7S init 0 75 80 0 if i d Headers 156 delay h 157 while 1 a Ej i2c h 158 A i do in 5i hi 159 Place your code here E 4 se z ry meas Sh 160 A fe pile stdang h 161 The int la75 temperature iit while i j stdin kh 162 returns the temperature in de shdlib h 163 the LAMIS sensor with the addre ki Other Files l Function Call Tree 0 22 J 164 Gna fT man al 165 CAUTION A J00asr delay must be be DSTACK Fur 0 Lio ri ca iis o this fume tion 0 pinti 167 f switch E DSTACK Furo 468 Cami 0 pii
10. ns available in the CodeVisionAVR LM75 library given by the 1m75 h header file which is automatically included when the code is generated from instruction 4 1 3 3 Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 14 of 14 Spring 2009
11. o use CodeWizardA VR to generate a new project 4 1 1 5 Under the tab Chip within the CodeWizardA VR window select the target microcontroller in this case the ATmega8515L from the Chip drop down menu and change the Clock setting to the appropriate System Oscillator Clock frequency fosc with respect to the target microcontroller in this case 3 6864 MHz as shown in Figure 4 5 External IRG Timers USART Analog Comparator SFI lC 1 Wire LCD Bi Banged Project Information Chip External SRAM Ports Chip AT mega8515L v Clock 3 6864 4 MHz Check Reset Source Program Type Apolication w Figure 4 5 Screenshot of CodeWizardAVR Chip setup Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 4 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor 4 1 1 6 Select the tab Port and change the settings under the PORTA tab to match those in Figure 4 6 This is done by toggling all values in the Pullup Output Value section 1 e click on the fields that contain T to change them to P External IRQ Timers USART External IRO Timers USART Analog Comparator SFI lC 1 Wire Analog Comparator SFI Lal 1 Wire LCD Bit Banged Project Information LCD BitBanged Project Information Chip External SRAM Ports Chip External SRAM Parts Pot PotB PortC Port D Port E PotA PotB Pot C PotD Port E Data Direction Pullup Output Value Data
12. on as shown in Figure 4 1 Vincent A Rosa My Computer pe ADT 4 Microsoft Visual Stu es CEETIY S Ah e My Network MI ELYIS Places Traditional E 2 Recycle Bin Remote Desktop ei tJ Shortcut to el aipcya icy sy Internet Explorer pi td Chavbeiik ba Hal Administr Internet Internet Explorer E mail Yahoo Mail Dd Microsoft Update Microsoft Visual Stud fo Notepad es HyperTerminal cV CodevisionavR Eval 2 04 0a w Microsoft Office Wor P Shortcut to STKS00_DAQ_HostP Microsoft Update Set Program Access and Defaults Windows Catalog an Accessories fan Administrative Tools T Atmel AVR Tools fm CodeVisionAVR an Games T MATLAB 7 1 fan Microsoft Developer Network an Microsoft Office M Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Codevision YR C Compiler Evaluation EY CodeVisionAVR C Compiler Evaluation Help 5 Uninstall CodeVisionAYR C Compiler Evaluation Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 M Microsoft Windows SDK 6 04 National Instruments M PL 2303 USB Serial Driver M Powerlso Van Startup an Symantec Client Security M winavR 20090313 m windows PowerShell 1 0 winrar M winsce Acrobat Distiller 9 A amp crobat com A Adobe Acrobat 9 Pro lc Adobe LiveCycle Designer ES 8 2 ES Adobe Reader 9 Internet Explorer Ww MSN 4 National Instruments LabVIEW 8 6 A Outlook Express Remote Assistance Windows Med
13. s Codevisiona VA Y Clean Up Gil Save Al shift ctri s m Project stk 500 r ec Motes F Close ea aia stk500_tesl Close All Al Other Files li Convert bo Library Page Setup Print Preview i Motes EB Print Ctrl P Configure Exit m I M LIL l oie Figure 4 11 Screenshots within the CodeVisonAVR IDE From left to right how to save all project files how to build all project files Information Compiler Assembler Chip AT mega 5i5L Clock frequency 3 666400 WHz Program type Application Memon modet Small Optrnize for Sre printf features int width e ecant features int width Promote char te int Yes char is unsigned Yes global const stored in FLASH No 8 bi enum Yes Enhanced core instructions Yes Automatic register allocator ies Smart register allocation Yes 9210 line s compiled No errors a Ho wamings Bit variables size 0 byte s Data Stack area 60h to DFh Data Stack size 128 bytes Estimated Data Stack usage 34 byte s RAM Global variables area EOh to ESh RAM Global variables size 6 byte s Hardware Stack area EGA bo 25F Rh Hardware Stack sre 378 byte s Heap size 0 bytes EEPROM usage 0 byte s O08 of EEPROM Program size 934 words 1868 bytes 22 8c of FLASH Figure 4 12 Screenshot of the CodeVisionAVR Information pop up window that appears after building project Vincent A Rosa Florida Gu
14. t 1 Bit 4 Bit 5 _In T Bits Bit5 Out 1 Bits Bit6 _In U Bit Bit6 Out 1 BitG Bit In T Bit Bit Out 1 Bit Figure 4 7 Screenshot of CodeWizardAVR Ports setup for PORTC From left to right PORTC default setup PORTC after toggling all values 4 1 1 8 Select the USART tab check both Receiver and Transmitter and change the Baud Rate to 115200 The settings should match those given by Figure 4 8 Analog Comparator SP I2C 1 Wire Analog Comparator SPI l2C 1 Wie LCU Bit B anged Project Information LCU Bit B anged Project Information Chip External SRAM Ports Chip External SRAM Ports External IRG Timers USART External IRG Timers USART Receiver Receiver As Interrupt Transmitter Transmitter Tx Interrupt Baud Rate 195200 w 1 x2 Baud Rate Eror 0 22 Communication Parameters 8 Data 1 5top No Parity 4 Mode Asynchronous wt Figure 4 8 Screenshot of CodeWizardAVR USART setup From left to right USART default setup USART after enabling Receiver and Transmitter and setting the Baud Rate Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 6 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a Host PC and Temperature Sensor User Manual 4 1 1 9 Goto the File menu and select Generate Save and Exit as seen in Figure 4 9 4h CodeWizardAVR untitled cwp File Edit Help Ty New Open H Save ac T IE Save As ct Informa 7 Fort ia Program Preview
15. visible delay_ms 1000 printer Goodbyel r n POR EC PORTC 4 1 1 12 Got to the File menu and select Save All as seen in Figure 4 11 to save all changes made to any of the project files 4 1 1 13 Go to the Project menu and select Build All as shown in Figure 4 11 Doing this will build and compile all necessary files including the HEX file used to program the flash memory of the target MCU from the code provided within the target C file in this case from stk500_test_prog c Itis possible for compilation errors to occur during this process but the results within the Information pop up window should look similar to those in Figure 4 12 if none appear If any errors exist they will appear in the Errors message window shown in Figure 4 13 The IDE will provide suggestions within this window on how to fix any incurred compilation errors Click OK within the Information pop up window to proceed Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 9 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor SE CodeVisionAVR hostis SE CodeVisionAVR C Documents and Settings Administra File Edit Search view Project Eile Edit Search View Project Tools Settings Help Ty New Ctr4 N f Be H H77 compie a k Open CO Pe Build Shift F9 f m p E Reopen z KP Rt SS Build All CtrF9 fe Code Navigator l TH Save d
16. vwotk Save at type C Compier files 7c ha Cancel bu Network Save as lype Project files pri w Cancel Save C cvavreval bin untitled cwp As AX 1 E i Savein E STKS00 TestPiog w vy cE fie 4 My Recent Documents iia Desktop oy Hy Documents Pi tly Computer eJ File name atk 500_tast_prog t Sav Y hy Netwwcrk Save as lype Codetwizard VR project files cwpl w Cancel l Figure 4 10 From left to right top to bottom pop up window to save the C source file c extension pop up window to save the C project file prj extension pop up window to save the Code VisionAVR project file cwp extension 4 1 1 11 Add the following code to the same areas shown in the program given in Appendix section A 2 1 these areas are relatively located towards the beginning and end of the provided code include lt delay h gt Contains delay_ms Send the following message via USART communication printf USART Communication Test Succeeded r n Check state of PORTA Pins if PINA OxFF Vincent A Rosa Florida Gulf Coast University Page 8 of 14 Spring 2009 Atmel AVR STK500 Communicating with a User Manual Host PC and Temperature Sensor Tf a button is pressed input pulled low toggle bits on PORTC POR LC PORTC Send the following message via USART communication priantt Hello r n Delay so flashing LED s are
17. wed by the appropriate pin number For example PINB 0 accesses pin 0 of PORTB Le PBO on the board and PIND 7 accesses PD7 4 1 2 myT WI Communication Protocol IC The myTWI Temperature Sensor uses the TWI I C bus to communicate with external devices where I C is a serial data bus developed by Philips Semiconductors in the 1980s and is now a worldwide standard 5 The IC bus is intended for communication of relatively small amounts of data across relatively short distances 5 The serial data SDA and serial clock SCL lines shown in the pinout in Figure 4 14 are the physical elements responsible for IC data communication The software used to parallel these hardware constructs is given in Appendix section A 2 2 1 and is further explained in section 4 1 3 4 1 3 DAQ with the STK500 and myTWI The instructions provided within this section establish a data acquisition system with an STK500 evaluation board a my WI Temperature Sensor and a host PC Performing the following steps will reproduce the program given in Appendix section A 2 2 1 The specifics of the code are explained by the comments given within the application 4 1 3 1 Perform steps 4 1 1 1 through 4 1 1 8 4 1 3 2 Select the I2C tab select PORTE from the I2C Port drop down menu and then check Enabled under the LM75 tab The settings should now match those shown in Figure 4 14 if they do not match change them so they do Notice how th
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