voltage __> CPU
Contents
1. S Patent 19112AuO2 TI ONUOJ aBeyoA L DIJ 1O e1OUIB Aouanbazj jun aBe1o18 e dn nur SUBILI uonenjae n 3 s z 5 951 681 1 METHOD AND DEVICE OF PLUGGING AND IMMEDIATELY PLAYING A CPU FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a method and device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU and particularly to a method and device by which a computer system generates a working frequency and voltage which are correspondent to those of the CPU through settings on a system firmware in order to plug and immediately play the CPU BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The CPU manufacturers all around the world such as Intel Cyrix AMD etc make CPUs having special speci fications which are set by the manufacturers Because the CPUs do not have a standard specification therebetween the methods of generating the CPU working frequencies are different For example the method of generating the work ing frequency of Intel 200 is to multiply 66 667 MHz with 3 The working frequency of Cyrix 200 is obtained by multiplying 75 MHz with 2 The working voltages of all the CPUs made by the same manufacturer are not the same For example the working voltage of Intel P54C is 3 3 volts and P55X is 2 8 volts The working voltage of Cryix 6X86 is 3 5 volts while 6X86L is 2 8 volts and 6X86MX is 2 9 volts The working voltage of AMD KS is 3 3 volts while K6 is 2 9 volts2. board BIOS the CPU multiple frequency coefficient and external working frequency are set by the user directly on the monitor screen For example the working frequency of Intel 200 series CPUs is 200 MHz which is obtained by multiplying a base frequency 66 667 MHz with a multiple frequency coefficient 3 The users of Taiwanese Patent Publication No 297872 set the base frequency and multiple frequency coefficient on the monitor screen then a computer system can automatically generate the working frequency needed by the CPU through the settings However most of the users are not familiar with the computer hardware structure When the user buys the computer he generally instructs the model such as Pentium PRO 200 to be bought The numeral 200 represents the working frequency of the 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 2 CPU Therefore the users only know this number and do not know the base frequency and the multiple frequency coef ficient The settings will bother the user The user probably incorrectly takes the base frequency to be the working frequency When it happens the system boots at low speed and when the CPU receives the incorrect settings the computer probably cannot normally run or the CPU breaks down Furthermore the settings of the working frequencies of various CPUs are different the working voltages are different too The first Taiwanese patent provides a method of automatically setti
3. firmware via an I O port 35 When the computer system is booted the state is detected to determine whether the former state data should be aban doned or not If the state is changed when the computer system is booted a warning message is shown to the user Then the user can set the state settings anew to maintain the stability of the computer system and to prevent the incorrect setting from destroying the CPU 10 The sensor can further comprise a state storage unit 34 In conclusion the present invention provides a method and device of plugging and immediately play a CPU After the CPU is mounted on the mother board by the user the working frequency and working voltage of the CPU are 6 directly set on the system firmware without the settings of the jumper in order to achieve the goal of plugging and immediately playing of a CPU The device of the present invention also provides an overrating voltage protection 5 device for the power supply and provides protection means for updating the setting data after the CPU is removed from the CPU socket The method and device of the present invention can maintain the stability of the computer system during changing working frequency and can provide a suitable working voltage based the species of CPU While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to the preferred embodiments it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detai
4. or 3 2 volts The working voltage of K6 which will be available is 2 volts Because the mother board manufac turers do not know that the users will buy what kind of CPU before the users tell it to them thus the available mother boards should have the function of regulatively matching the CPU which is chosen by the user In the well known methods the matching of working frequency is done by changing a CPU multiple frequency coefficient signal and a frequency selection signal of the frequency generator by means of jumpers or switches In the same way the working voltage to be provided to the CPU is changed However the users are not familiar with the matching methods Although a user manual for guidance may be provided the user cannot easily set the jumper or switch It is difficult and inconve nient for the user to do so If the setting of the jumper or switch is wrong the CPU is broken down or the optimum working state of the CPU cannot be set and obtained In view of the above drawbacks several mother board manufacturers proposed some methods to overcome such a problem For example Taiwanese Patent Publication No 297872 discloses a method and device of switching a working frequency of a computer mother board Taiwanese Patent Publication No 304239 discloses a method and device of automatically setting a power voltage of a CPU on a mother board In Taiwanese Patent Publication No 297872 by means of settings similar to those of mother
5. pin the CPU state can be determined 13 The device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 12 wherein the sensor further comprises a state storage unit the detection unit detects the voltage level of the sensing pin and sends the CPU state to the state storage unit the state storage unit stores the state and the computer system can detect the CPU state via an I O port to determine whether the setting set before should be abandoned
6. switches The goal of plugging and immediately playing of a CPU is achieved U S PATENT DOCUMENTS 5 487 181 1 1996 Dailey et al 455 89 13 Claims 7 Drawing Sheets 13 voltage converter storage device initial voltage controller 5 951 681 Sheet 1 of 7 Sep 14 1999 U S Patent 14 19 01uo2 ogej o pertut JIJIDAUODJ 28910A I 92IAap 286101S 5 951 681 Sheet 2 of 7 Sep 14 1999 U S Patent JOJLIJUJS A v nb zi 07 0T 19 JOuo2 2uanba1 2idnau L c ra U S Patent Sep 14 1999 Sheet 3 of 7 5 951 681 30 31 detection FIG 3 32 34 o ex Fa 5 951 681 Sheet 4 of 7 Sep 14 1999 U S Patent roll ve SUE9UI uonenjae yun 33923 peudis Anuanbasy rdnyur 01 Z 9c 5 951 681 Sheet 5 of 7 Sep 14 1999 U S Patent cel 19112AUOO UNTOA Sue 12112AUO2 UTOA MO A cel id HLHOCOOA yun onuo2 OLA TAOD A 0T 5 951 681 Sheet 6 of 7 Sep 14 1999 U S Patent 9 Old 4JOJDIUUOD Ajddns 19Aod XLV NO Sd 1212AUO2 2 3 OA GE SEA SET RUN IMAP on221ozd UNTOA BUNBITIAO cel TAOD A JIVWIATOD UNOA 80D A 01 Pel AS TET 5 951 681 Sheet 7 of 7 Sep 14 1999 U
7. the inside of the CPU 10 the V copgg is not connected to the V o 3 For P55C K6 6X86MX and 6X86L the level of Veorr 1S not equal to that of V In the case that the mother board manufacturers do not know the species of the CPU that is mounted on the mother board selected by the user the mother board should meet the 10 15 20 25 30 40 45 50 55 60 65 4 requirements of all species of CPUs 10 in order to achieve the object of plugging and immediately playing the CPU In the present invention between the Viorr voltage converter 131 and the V voltage converter 132 is a V o control unit 133 which is controlled by the power pin VCC2DET defined by the CPU 10 in order to generate a switching function similar to an ON OFF switch When the VCC2DET output is at high level it represents that the Vcon 1S equal to the Nu When the VCC2DET output is at low level the Vworr is not equal to the V so as to meet the requirements of using all species of CPUs having different voltage levels As shown in FIG 6 in order to prevent the high voltage of system power supply from being directly applied to the CPU 10 due to the breaking down of the voltage converter 13 and thereby destroying the CPU 10 an overrating voltage protection device 134 is placed between the V voltage converter 131 and the CPU 10 The output of the V is connected to the overrating voltage protection device 134 The output of the over
8. US005951681A United States Patent tro 11 Patent Number 5 951 681 Chang 45 Date of Patent Sep 14 1999 54 METHOD AND DEVICE OF PLUGGING AND 5 532 935 7 1996 Ninomiya et al 364 492 IMMEDIATELY PLAYING A CPU 5 613 135 3 1997 Sakai et al 395 800 5 754 798 5 1998 Uehara et al 395 284 75 Inventor Chen Yu Chang Jung He Taiwan Primary Examiner Joseph E Palys 73 Assignee Micro Star International Co Ltd Assistant Examiner Omar A Omar Taipei Taiwan 57 ABSTRACT 21 Appl No 08 980 616 A method and device of plugging and immediately playing nd a CPU The user sets the settings of working frequency and 22 Filed voltage of the CPU through the system firmware of a 511 Inti ei E GO6F 13 10 computer Then the system stores the settings in a storage 52 U S C 713 1 713 300 713 322 device and the CPU is reset by a reset unit thereby the 713 340 713 501 713 600 713 601 multiple frequency controller and voltage converter take 58 Field of Search 395 651 750 01 control of the operation to instruct the CPU to determine the 395 750 03 750 07 556 559 560 713 300 322 working speed by a new multiple frequency ratio and to 240 501 600 601 change the voltage into a working voltage corresponding to the model and brand of the CPU without the use of jumpers 56 References Cited or
9. ately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 1 wherein after the frequency and voltage settings are set on the system firmware the CPU is booted by a low frequency according to a built in multiple frequency ratio 3 The method of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 1 wherein according to species and frequency of the CPU set on the system firmware the base frequency corresponding to the settings is generated and transmitted to the CPU 4 The method of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 1 wherein after the CPU receives a base frequency and the multiple frequency ratio the working frequency corresponding to the settings are set on the system firmware by a user and after the resetting step the new working frequency is the working frequency which is used for calculation operation and booting next time 5 A device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU comprising a working frequency portion and a working voltage portion wherein the working frequency portion comprising um Un 20 35 40 45 50 5 951 681 7 a frequency generator having a serial bus interface for changing a frequency via the serial bus and transmitting a changed frequency to the CPU a multiple frequency controller which generates and latches a multiple frequency ratio according to a fre quency setting set on a system firmware in order to output a multiple frequency signal to the CPU so that the CPU genera
10. cy controller 22 changes the built in mul tiple frequency ratio to be 3 and the 66 667 MHz frequency generated in the frequency generator 20 is changed and gives a 200 MHz working frequency in the phase latch loop 3x66 667 MHz 200 MHz FIG 4 relates to a reset unit of the present invention After the user has set the settings on the system firmware and the set working frequency is generated the CPU 10 transmits this working frequency to the system chip 23 via a bus The system chip 23 contains a decoder and stores the working frequency The decoder decodes the address that stores the working frequency in order to generate a triggering signal 24 which is transmitted via an I O port to the reset unit actuation device 25 which actuates the reset unit 26 in the system chip 23 in order to give a reset signal 27 transmitted to the CPU 10 When the CPU 10 receives the reset signal 27 the low speed frequency which is originally used to boot is converted into the working frequency which is set up by the user Then the step of converting into the working frequency is done When the user sets the working frequency and voltage on the system firmware the computer starts to calculate based on the settings In other words if the user does not set them again in the system firmware the settings in the system firmware are not changed In some special cases such as dismantling changing the species of and upgrading of the CPU 10 the computer system doe
11. e is generated on the computer the soft switch forces the computer to turn off in order to prevent the breaking down of the CPU by the improper high voltage 5 951 681 3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG 1 is a block diagram of the voltage control portion of the present invention FIG 2 is a block diagram of the frequency portion of the present invention FIG 3 is a block diagram of the detection portion of the present invention FIG 4 is a block diagram of the reset unit of the present invention FIG 5 is a block diagram of the voltage converter of FIG 2 FIG 6 is a block diagram of the overrating voltage protection device of the present invention FIG 7 is an integral block diagram of the present inven tion DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the goal of plugging and immediately playing the technical means of the present invention is to provide the settings in the system firmware BIOS set by the user according to the species of the CPU The settings include two portions i e the working frequency portion and working voltage portion for a specific CPU In order to explain the device of the present invention in detail and conveniently the integral block diagram of the circuit FIG 7 is divided into a voltage portion FIGS 1 5 and 6 and a working frequency portion FIGS 2 3 and 4 As shown in FIGS 1 and 7 the power pins VCC2DET and VCC2HL defined by the CPU 10 are
12. ecoder decodes an address that stores the working fre quency in order to generate a triggering signal which via an VO port is transmitted to the reset unit actuation means which actuates the reset unit in the system chip in order to give a reset signal transmitted to the CPU and when the CPU receives the reset signal a low speed frequency which is originally used to boot is converted into the working frequency which is set up by a user 7 The device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 5 wherein the voltage converter com prises a V voltage converter and a V voltage con verter which respectively convert voltages Voorz and Vio needed by the CPU 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 8 8 The device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 7 wherein between the Nur voltage converter and the V voltage converter is a V o control unit which is controlled by a power pin defined by the CPU in order to generate a switching function and to determine whether the voltage V corr and V interact so as to meet the requirements of using all species of CPUs having different voltage levels 9 The device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 5 wherein the working voltage portion further comprises an overrating voltage protection device to prevent high voltage of a system power supply from being directly applied to the CPU due to breakdown of the voltage c
13. iple frequency ratio and to determine the working voltage of the CPU corresponding to the brand and model of the CPU The determination is not done by switching a jumper or a switch to achieve the goal of plugging and immediately playing a CPU It is another object of the present invention to provide an automatic detection function used to prevent the old working frequency and working voltage from destructing the new CPU after the old CPU is removed from the CPU socket and a new different CPU is inserted onto the CPU socket The common grounding pin of the CPU socket is connected to a detection unit which can detect whether the CPU has been removed from the socket The state of the CPU removed or inserted is stored in a state storage unit When the computer system is booted the state of the CPU is detected so as to determine whether the old setting state data is maintained or not If the state is changed when the computer system is booted a warning message is shown to the user Then the user can set the state settings anew to maintain the stability of the computer system and to prevent the incorrect settings from destroying the CPU It is another object of the present invention to provide an overrating voltage protection device used to prevent the high voltage of the system power from being directly applied to the CPU The overrating voltage protection device controls the soft switch pin of an ATX power supply so that when an improper voltag
14. ls may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention Although only the preferred embodiments of this invention were shown and described in the above description it is requested that any modification or combination that comes within the spirit of this invention be protected I claim 1 A method of plugging and immediately playing a CPU which comprises a working frequency setting procedure and a working voltage setting procedure for setting a working frequency and a working voltage on a system firmware the x working frequency setting procedure comprising the steps of changing a frequency by controlling a frequency genera tor via a bus storing a frequency setting in a multiple frequency con troller resetting the CPU so that the multiple frequency control ler takes control of a CPU multiple frequency ratio in order to instruct the CPU to give a new working frequency by the multiple frequency ratio and the working voltage setting procedure comprising the steps of storing a voltage setting from the system firmware via the bus outputting an initial voltage from an initial voltage con troller which is controlled by the CPU via a plurality of pins and converting the initial voltage into the working voltage by means of a control of a voltage converter wherein the working frequency and working voltage of the CPU are changed by the frequency and voltage settings 2 The method of plugging and immedi
15. ng the working frequency but the method of using the different CPU working frequencies is not provided The goal of plugging and immediately playing the CPUs can not be achieved In the second Taiwanese patent at the location of the jumper on the mother board a switch is connected in parallel The voltage levels of the working voltage pin VCC2 DET defined by the CPU respectively represent the using range of working voltage The pin controls the switch on or switch off state of each switch in order to automati cally set the working voltage needed by the CPU However the switching and settings are made to change between 3 3 volts and 2 8 volts and cannot meet the requirements of all kinds and models of CPUs In the second Taiwanese patent the settings are made in view of working voltage only and the working frequency of CPU is not changed Therefore the goal of plugging and immediately playing cannot be achieved SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU by the user s settings of the working frequency and voltage of the CPU through the system firmware of the computer The computer system stores the setting data in the storage device and resets the CPU by means of the reset unit in order to let the multiple frequency controller and voltage converter take control of the operation to instruct the CPU to determine the working speed by a new mult
16. nt working frequencies to selectively control the output of frequency output pin When the computer boots the frequency setting by the system firmware is transmitted to the multiple frequency controller 22 via a bus 21 The output of the multiple frequency controller 22 has a very high output impedance so that the controller 22 does not affect the multiple frequency ratio in the CPU 10 The frequency generated by the frequency generator 20 is input into the phase latch loop PLL which is built in the CPU 10 The CPU working frequency having a low frequency is formed by the frequency in association with the multiple frequency ratio which is built in of the CPU 10 to provide to the computer for booting operation When the user sets the working speed of the CPU 10 through the system firmware the system firmware stores the setting data in the multiple frequency controller 22 When the CPU 10 is reset again the multiple frequency controller 22 takes control of the value of the multiple frequency ratio of the CPU 10 and outputs a CPU multiple frequency control signal to the CPU 10 The CPU frequency generated from the frequency generator 20 gives the CPU working speed set by the user in the phase latch loop inside the CPU 10 Then the CPU 10 takes the 5 951 681 5 working speed changed according to the CPU working speed as the working frequency For example the speed set by the user is the working speed of Intel 200 then the multiple frequen
17. onverter 10 The device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 9 wherein the overrating voltage protection device is placed between the Voor voltage converter and the CPU the overrating voltage protection device has a control signal which is connected to a soft switch pin of an ATX power supply connector and when the Vconr Voltage converter breaks down so that a high voltage occurs the overrating voltage protection device outputs a high level signal to the soft switch pin in order to turn off the ATX power supply to forcibly turn off the CPU 11 The device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 5 further comprising a detection means for detecting whether the CPU is removed or inserted on a CPU socket and for determining whether the setting set before should be abandoned wherein the detection means comprises a detection unit and a sensor and if a CPU state has been changed the system firmware sends a warning message upon booting so that a user can set the setting anew to maintain the stability of a computer system and to prevent an incorrect setting from destroying the CPU 12 The device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 11 wherein the sensor comprises one sensing pin of common grounding pins of the CPU socket which is isolated and connected to a detection unit and a resistor being connected to a power supply VCC and by detecting the voltage level of the sensing
18. rating voltage protection device 134 and the output of the V voltage converter 132 are respec tively connected to the CPU 10 to provide power to the CPU 10 The overrating voltage protection device 134 has a control signal which is connected to the soft switch pin PS ON of the ATX power supply connector 135 When the level of the soft switch pin PS ON is high the ATX power supply forcibly turns off the computer system By using the above characteristic when the output voltage of the V voltage converter 131 is normal the level of the output signal of the overrating voltage protection device 134 is maintained at low level When the Nr voltage converter 131 breaks down so that a high voltage enters the overrating voltage protection device 134 outputs a high level signal to the soft switch pin PS ON in order to turn off the ATX power supply to forcibly turn off the computer thereby the input high voltage does not destroy the CPU 10 As shown in FIGS 2 and 7 the technical means for changing the working frequency of the CPU 10 of the present invention is to change the frequency of the CPU 10 and to change the multiple frequency ratio The working frequency is changed by using a frequency generator 20 having a serial bus interface in the working example of the present invention an FC is used through the transmission of the serial bus interface without the use of any external control pin so that the frequency generator 20 can generate differe
19. s not know that the CPU is replaced by a new one If the user does not set the setting data again the working frequency and voltage of CPU 10 will be determined by the old settings Thus the computer cannot boot because the frequency setting is too high or the CPU 10 is broken down because the working voltage is too high In order to prevent the old working frequency and working voltage from destructing the new CPU 10 after the old CPU is removed from the CPU socket 30 and a new different CPU 10 is inserted onto the CPU socket 30 in the present invention detection circuit which comprises a detec tion unit 32 and a sensor is provided The sensor comprises one pin 31 of the common grounding pins of the CPU socket 30 which is isolated and connected to a detection unit 32 and a resistor 33 which is connected to a power supply VCC When the old CPU 10 is mounted on the CPU socket 30 because the pin 31 and all the other common grounding pins are grounded the site of the pin 31 is grounded When the old CPU 10 is removed from the socket 30 the voltage level of the pin 31 of the socket 30 is increased from grounding voltage to VCC voltage so that the detection unit 32 can detect the state removed or inserted of the CPU in order to detect whether the CPU 10 is removed from the socket 30 or is inserted on the socket 30 When the detection unit 32 has detected the state the state is stored in a state storage unit 34 and is transmitted to the system
20. tes a working frequency defined by the system firmware based on the frequency generator and the multiple frequency ratio and a reset unit which generates a reset signal to the CPU so that an original built in multiple frequency ratio is replaced by a newly set multiple frequency ratio in order to generate a working frequency corresponding to the frequency setting set on the system firmware the working voltage portion comprising a storage means for storing and latching a voltage setting set on the system firmware and transmitted from a bus an initial voltage controller which is controlled by a CPU power control pin the initial voltage controller output ting an initial voltage to the CPU for booting when the CPU is booted and a voltage converter which converts the initial voltage into a working voltage according to the voltage setting on the system firmware wherein after the frequency and voltage settings are set the working frequency and voltage of the CPU are changed by the settings so as to achieve the goal of plugging and playing the CPU 6 The device of plugging and immediately playing a CPU as claimed in claim 5 wherein the reset unit comprises a system chip and a reset unit actuation means after the settings are set on the system firmware and the working frequency is generated the CPU transmits this working frequency to the system chip via a bus the system chip contains a decoder and stores the working frequency the d
21. used to control the voltage The working voltage portion comprises a stor age device 11 an initial voltage controller 12 and a voltage converter 13 The power pins VCC2DET and VCC2HL are connected to the initial voltage controller 12 to output an initial voltage to the voltage converter 13 so that the com puter can boot After the computer system boots and uses the working voltage set by the system firmware via a bus 14 the system firmware transmits the setting voltage to the storage device to store the state set by the user After the CPU 10 is reset the voltage converter 13 changes the initial voltage to the working voltage needed by the CPU 10 according to the setting voltage As shown in FIG 5 the working voltage needed by the CPU 10 is divided into Nr and V o The is the working voltage needed in operating the CPU 10 V is the voltage used to control peripheral devices The voltage Veorr and Vyo are determined based on the species of the CPU The voltage converter 13 includes a Nur voltage converter 131 and a V voltage converter 132 for changing the setting voltage to a corresponding working voltage needed by the CPU 10 According to information provided by the CPU manufacturers the Voor and are summa rized as follows 1 For P54C 6X86 and KS the voltage Veoar and V in the inside of the CPU 10 which are connected therebe tween are equal 2 For P54CTB the level of Voor is equal to that of Vj However in
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