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3400A Arbitrary Waveform Generator

1. Re pe RI m 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 71 5 System Operations 5 1 Triggering This feature is only available for bursts and sweeps There are three options to choose from internal triggering external triggering and manual triggering The default is the internal triggering in which the waveform generator continuously outputs the selected waveform The Ext Trig connector on the rear panel is used to receive the external trigger signal The waveform generator outputs a burst or a sweep each time the Ext Trig connector receives a TTL pulse One may instruct the waveform generator to trigger on the ascending edge or the descending edge of the external trigger signal In manual triggering the waveform generator outputs a burst or a sweep each time the Trigger button on the front panel is pressed The Trigger button is lit when the waveform generator is waiting for the next trigger event Triggering is disabled when functions other than burst or sweep is chosen How to choose a trigger source 1 Press the Trig Setup softkey after burst or sweep is activated 2 Press the Src softkey and then select among Int internal Ext external and Man manual After your selection is made the trigger setting will be shown on the display 3 Press the DONE softkey to finish the setting Note that the trigger source setting is stored in volatile memory The default setting will be restored after th
2. Manual Burst Count The Burst Count represents the number of cycles appeared in each burst It is only used in the triggered burst mode The default burst count is 1 cycle and the range is from 1 to 50 000 cycles in 1 cycle increment One may also set an infinite burst count When the trigger source is set to internal the waveform generator outputs bursts repeatedly at a rate determined by the specified burst period which represents the time interval between the start times of two consecutive bursts The burst count must be less than the product of the burst period and the waveform frequency BurstCount lt BurstPeriod x WaveformFrequency The waveform generator will automatically increase the burst period up to its maximum allowable value to accommodate the specified burst count The waveform frequency is not affected by burst count The burst count does not apply in the gated mode If a new burst count is specified in the gated mode the waveform generator will remember it and use it when the triggered mode is selected Waveform Frequency The waveform frequency defines the frequency of the output waveform while trigger signal is logic true In the triggered mode the specified number of cycles is outputted at the waveform frequency In the gated 60 mode the waveform frequency is outputted when the external gate signal is true The default waveform frequency is 1 kHz The range is from 1 Hz to 200 kHz
3. 175 status viOpen defaultRM instrDesc VI_NULL VI_NULL amp vi if status VI SUCCESS printf Can not Open device V 9osV An instrDesc return P This program uses low level SCPI commands to configure the function gnerator to output an AM waveform This program also shows how to use state storage to store the instrument configuration in memory viPrintf vi RST n viPrintf vi OUTPut LOAD 50 n Output termination is 50 Ohms viPrintf vi FUNCtion SHAPe SINusoid n shape is sine viPrintf vi FREQuency 6000 VOLTage 3 n Carrier freq is 6 kHz 3 Vpp viPrintf vi AM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid n Modulating shape is sine viPrintf vi AM INTernal FREQuency 300 n Modulation freq 300 Hz viPrintf vi AM DEPTh 90 n Modulation depth 90 viPrintf vi AM STATe ON n Turn AM modulation on viPrintf vi OUTPut ON n Turn on the instrument output viPrintf vi SAV 2 Store state in memory location 2 Use the RCL 2 command to recall the stored state output viClose vi viClose defaultRM Example Linear Sweep This program found in the ExamplesWMLinear Sweep subdirectory on the CDROM creates a linear sweep for a sine wave It sets the start and stop frequencies and the sweep time Linear Sweep include lt visa h gt include lt stdio h gt 176 void main int argc char argv x ViSession defaultRM vi 0 ViStatus
4. eade 54 4 13 BURST OPERATION eee biet tet 59 4 14 PATTERN OUTPUT 64 5 SYSTEM ne ela pen eaa 72 531 TRIGGERING 5 nene lg nto e bane de EE 72 5 2 STORING THE INSTRUMENT STATE 74 5 3 DISPLAY CONTROL e eec et ceo er ep gar e Ado ee 77 5 A BEEPER cono ARR MO 78 DDE od idi t s Cod eM 78 5 6 ERROR DISPLAY tie ettet te E o E Ee TR Hee het d 79 5 7 CALIBRATION s oii hd olet gue PERI ede ete o pe 79 6 REMOTE INTERFACE 6 22 80 6 1 REMOTE INTERFACE CONFIGURATION 80 USB Intetrface si er ep feste p 80 6 1 2 GPIB 80 6 2 3 LAN 81 6 2 REMOTE INTERFACE 84 7 ERROR MESSAGES erecto ere 94 7 4 5 ee Pee 95 7 2 EXECUTION ERRORS I RARE B IR QE 96 7 3 DEVICE DEPENDENT 107 7 4 QUERY ERRORS ne 108 7 5 INSTRUMENT ERRORS ordei oit peque ER Rie V Rien 108 PAO SELF TEST ERRORS itn os v E a do bre tib 108 7 7
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6. 4 11 PWM Waveform 3400A waveform generator provides the capability to output a pulse width modulation PWM for pulse carrier waveforms In PWM the pulse width of the pulse carrier waveform varies with the modulating waveform The pulse width can be expressed either in time units or duty cycle i e percentage of the period Carrier Waveform Pulse waveform is the only waveform that is available for PWM The default period for the carrier pulse is 1 ms and the range is from 100 ns to 2000 s Modulating waveform 3400A accepts either internal or external modulating source but not both at the same time The default source is internal and the default internal modulating waveform is sine wave For internal source one may also choose from square with 50 duty cycle URamp Up or Positive ramp with 100 symmetry DRamp Down or Negative ramp with 0 symmetry triangle ramp with 50 symmetry noise and arbitrary waveforms If an arbitrary waveform is chosen the number of points in the waveform is limited to 4k points with an automatic decimation process The default frequency for internal modulating waveform is 10Hz and the acceptable range is from 2 mHz to 20 kHz When an external source is selected the carrier waveform is modulated with an external waveform coming from the Modulation connector the rear panel 52 Width Deviation The width deviation represents the peak variation in the pulse width of the modulation
7. Figure 4 9 2 Press the Mod button to toggle on the modulation output 3 Press the softkey under Type and press the softkey under AM to select amplitude modulation An amplitude modulation output will be generated with the current parameters 4 Press the softkey under Src to toggle between internal source Int and external source Ext for selecting modulating waveform source 5 If internal source is selected a Press the softkey under Shape to toggle between different types of modulating waveform If arbitrary waveform Arb is selected as modulating signal source the modulating signal source is depending on the previous waveform selection in arbitrary function One may toggle the Mod key to see the arbitrary modulating waveform message that temporarily displayed on the screen b Press the softkey under AM Freq and use numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys to set the desired modulating frequency 6 Press the softkey under AM Depth and use numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys to set the modulation depth 7 Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Remote interface operation Use these commands to output an amplitude modulation waveform 43 FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMp USER FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum AM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMp NRAMp TRIangle NO
8. INV will be returned sq ac CALibration Perform a calibration using the specified calibration value CALibration VALue command You need to enter a correct security code see CALibration SECure STATe before you can calibrate the waveform generator CALibration COUNt Query the number of times the waveform generator has been calibrated Note that your instrument was calibrated before it left the factory Check the calibration count when you receive your waveform generator to determine it initial value CALibration SECure CODE new code Set a new security code You have to first use the old security code to unsecure the waveform generator and then set a new security code A security code may contain up to 12 characters and the first character must be a letter A Z The rest of the characters can be any combination of numbers 0 9 letters and m underscore character CALibration SECure STATe OFF ON lt code gt Unsecure or secure the waveform generator for calibration CALibration SECure STATe Query the secured state of the waveform generator Return 0 OFF or 1 ON CALibration SETup lt 0 1 2 3 94 gt Configure the waveform generator s internal state for each of the calibration step to be performed CALibration SETup Query the calibration setup number Return a value from 70 to 94 131 CALibration STRing lt quoted string gt Record information about calib
9. MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion RAMP SYMMetry lt percent Notes e Symmetry value is stored in volatile memory so the default setting 100 will be restored after power off or a remote interface reset e When you change the output function from ramp wave to another the previously set symmetry is remembered and will be resumed when ramp wave is re selected e The symmetry setting does not apply to the case where ramp wave is used as the modulating wave for AM FM PM or PWM 4 4 Noise Waveform How to generate a noise wave 1 Press the Noise button to select the output function 2 Refer to Chapter 3 for configuring common parameters such as amplitude and dc offset voltage for noise wave 3 Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Output Ott 100 0mVpp MN Vos High Low Figure 4 4 Remote interface operation APPLy NOISe lt frequency DEF gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt FUNCtion RAMP VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum 36 VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum Notes e In the APPL NOIS command the frequency parameter has no effect but you still need to specify a value DEFault for it 4 5 Pulse Waveform A pulse waveform consists of a period a pulse width an ascending edge and a descending edge The parameters are described further below Pulse
10. Time Setup Figure 4 14 2 Press the Sweep button to enable or disable the sweep mode To enable the sweep mode make sure the Sweep button is lit 3 Press the softkey under Linear Log to toggle between the linear or logarithmic mode 4 To specify the start frequency press the softkey under Start Cntr to toggle Make sure both Start and Stop are highlighted Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value Follow the same step to specify the stop frequency under the softkey Stop Span 5 To specify the center frequency press the softkey under Start Cntr to toggle Make sure both Cntr and Span are highlighted Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value Follow the same step to specify the frequency span under the softkey Stop Span 6 To specify a desired sweep time press the softkey under Sweep Time Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value 7 To configure the marker press the softkey under Mkr to toggle between Freq and OFF If Freq is selected Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to set the marker frequency 8 To configure the trigger setting press the softkey under Trig 57 Setup to enter the trigger setup menu a To specify the trigger source press the softkey under Src and then select among Int internal Ext external and Man manual b If internal source or manual trigger is selected you may confi
11. dede de een 153 SERRE AE Su IM 160 LENA dU e arto Cl a eae erat eaten teet ts 160 beoe tte a etc 163 164 SEM ER d o e bte n 165 MES bota a coer mc Med 169 B 4 SCPI Compliance Information sse 169 5 IEEE 488 Compliance 170 B 6 Using Device Clear to Halt 170 GENERALSPECIEICATIONS 172 D APPLICATION 5 173 1 General Information This chapter contains general information about ARRAY 3400 Waveform Generator The information includes Feature Overview Warranty Information Precaution of Operation Upkeep of 3400A Safety Information Symbols and Terms Inspection Options and Accessories You can contact ARRAY Corp via the following telephone number for warranty service or technical support information Telephone 86 25 52801556 Website http www array sh Or contact ARRAY for more help by email Email sales array sh or shirley array sh ek E a Se a Sa is re eee Se 1 1 Feature Overview 3400A offers 50 MHz sine and 25 MHz square wavefor
12. e The specified pulse width must be greater than the total time of one edge Pulse Width 1 6x Edge time 143 e Among the pulse width and pulse duty cycle the FUNC PULS HOLD command determines which of them is to be held and it affects this function when the waveform generator adjusts the period FUNCtion PULSe WIDTh MINimum MAXimum Query the pulse width The pulse width in seconds will be returned FUNCtion PULSe DCYCle lt percent gt Specify the pulse duty cycle in percent The range is from percent to 100 percent The default is 10 percent The minimum value is approximately 0 percent and the maximum value is approximately 100 percent e The definition of the pulse duty cycle is described below Duty Cycle 100 x Pulse width Period Where the pulse width represents the time from the 50 threshold of the rising edge of the pulse to the 50 threshold of the next falling edge The duty cycle is restricted by minimum pulse width and edge time which prevents you from setting exactly 0 percent or 100 percent e The minimum pulse width affects the value of the specified pulse duty cycle as below Duty Cycle 100 x Wmin Period And Duty Cycle lt 100 x 1 Wmin Period where Wmin 20 ns when period is not greater than 10s Wmin 200 ns when period is greater than 10 s but not greater than 100s Wmin 2 us when period is greater than 1004 not greater than 1000s Wmin 20 5 whe
13. generation uses the unit specified in this command When the output termination is set to high impedance you cannot specify the output amplitude in dBm The unit will be automatically converted to Vpp VOLTage UNIT Query the unit of the output amplitude VPP VRMS or DBM will be returned W WAI Wait for all pending operation to complete before executing any additional commands over the interface B 4 SCPI Compliance Information This section encloses a list of commands that are device specific to 3400A Although not included in the 1999 0 version of the SCPI standard these commands are designed with the SCPI format in mind and they follow all of the syntax rules of the standard Many of the required 5 commands are accepted by the waveform generator but are not described in this manual for simplicity or clarity Most of these non documented commands duplicate the functionality of a command already described in this chapter 169 5 IEEE 488 Compliance Information The SCPI commands used in 3400A are in conformance with the SCPI standard Version 1992 0 The common commands are listed below ESE lt NRf gt ESE ESR IDN LRN OPC OPC PSC 0 1 PSC RCL lt 0 111213 4 gt RST SAV lt 0 1 2 3 4 gt SRE lt NRf gt SRE STB TRG TST WAI B 6 Using Device Clear to Halt Measurements Device Clear is a special IEEE 488 low level bu
14. DATA ATTRibute PTPeak lt arb name gt 4 7 Amplitude Modulation Amplitude modulation provides a waveform in which the amplitude of the carrier waveform varies with the modulating waveform Carrier Waveform The default carrier waveform is sine One may also choose from square ramp and arbitrary waveforms but not pulse noise and dc waveforms The default carrier frequency is 1kHz for all waveforms Each carrier waveform has its own acceptable range of frequencies Refer to the table in Section 3 4 To Set Output Frequency Period for details Modulating Waveform 3400A accepts either internal or external modulating source but not both at the same time The default source is internal and the default internal 41 modulating waveform is sine wave For internal source may also choose from square with 50 duty cycle URamp Up or Positive Ramp with 100 symmetry DRamp Down or Negative Ramp with 0 symmetry triangle ramp with 50 symmetry noise and arbitrary waveforms If an arbitrary waveform is chosen the number of points in the waveform is limited to 4k points with an automatic decimation process The default frequency for internal modulating waveform is 100Hz and the acceptable range is from 2 mHz to 20 kHz When external source is selected the carrier waveform is modulated with an external waveform present at the Modulation In connector the rear panel Modulation Depth The modulation depth controls
15. How to Change the Startup Object for an Application The Startup Object property for a project defines the entry point to be called when the application loads generally this is set to either the main form in your application or to the Sub Main procedure that should run when the application starts Since Class Libraries do not have an entry point their only option for this property is None For Windows Applications projects only forms or classes with a Public Sub Main procedure are available as Startup objects unless you check the Startup with custom Sub Main checkbox when this option is checked you must add code in the Sub Main procedure for the form Note When using a custom Sub Main procedure as the Startup object code in the Application events Startup Shutdown Startup Next Instance and Unhandled Exception is not executed The Startup Object property can be set in the Application pane of the Project Designer To change the startup object 1 With a project selected in Solution Explorer on the Project menu 161 2 click Properties Select the Application pane 3 Select a Startup object from the Startup object drop down list To set the startup object for a Windows Application to Sub Main m With a project selected in Solution Explorer on the Project menu click Properties Select the Application pane Check the Startup with custom Sub Main checkbox Select Sub Main from the Startup object drop down list
16. Output data will be in one of formats shown in the table below Type of Output Data Output Data Format Non reading queries lt 80 ASCII character string Single reading IEEE 488 SD DDDDDDDDESDD nl Multiple readings IEEE 488 SD DDDDDDDDESDD nl S Negative sign or positive sign D Numeric digits E Exponent nl newline character cr carriage return character B 3 Command Reference to F AM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP NRAMP TRIangle NOISe USER Specify the modulating waveform for the modulation This applies only when the modulating source is internal Noise can be a modulating waveform but cannot be used as a carrier waveform neither do Pulse nor dc The default modulating waveform is a sine waveform AM INTernal FUNCtion Query the modulating function in amplitude modulation SIN SQU RAMP NRAM TRI NOIS or USER string indicating the modulating function will be returned Square waveform has 50 duty cycle Ramp waveform has 100 symmetry Triangle waveform has 50 symmetry Negative Ramp waveform has 0 symmetry If an Arbitrary USER waveform is chosen to be the modulating waveform it is 125 automatically limited to 4k points Extra points are removed using decimation AM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the frequency of the modulating waveform This applies only when the modula
17. 000920000090006000005000 999899999999999999099999 909090909090909090090 2 5 14 2 2 Factory Default Settings Table 2 1 shows the factory default settings of 3400A when it is powered on the very first time Table 2 1 Factory default settings Parameters marked with a star stored in non volatile memory Output Configuration Default Setting Function Sine wave Frequency 1 kHz Amplitude Offset 100 mVpp 0 000Vdc Output Units Vpp Output Termination 502 Autorange On Modulation 1 kHz Sine AM FM PM FSK Carrier 1 kHz Pulse PWM Mod Waveform AM 100 Hz Sine Mod Waveform PM FM PWM 10 Hz Sine AM Depth 100 FM Deviation 100 Hz PM Deviation 180 degrees FSK Hop Frequency 100 Hz FSK Rate 10 Hz PWM Width Deviation 10 us Modulation State Off 15 Sweep Start Stop Frequency 100 Hz 1 kHz Sweep Time 1 sec Sweep Mode Linear Sweep State Off Burst Burst Count 1 Cycle Burst Period 10 ms Burst Start Phase 0 degree Burst State Off System Related Operations Power Down Recall Disabled Display Mode ON Error Queue 0 errors Stored States Stored Arbs Output State Off Triggering Operations Trigger Source Internal Immediate Remote Interface Configuration GPIB Address 10
18. 211 Trigger ignored AGET or TRG was received but the trigger was ignored 96 221 Settings conflict turned off infinite burst to allow immediate trigger source An infinite burst count is only allowed when an external or bus software trigger source is used 221 Settings conflict infinite burst changed trigger source to BUS An infinite burst count is only allowed when an external or bus software trigger source is used 221 Settings conflict burst period increased to fit entire burst The specified number of cycles in the BURS NYNC command takes priority over the burst period and the waveform generator increased the burst period to accommodate the burst count or the waveform frequency 221 Settings conflict burst count reduced to fit entire burst Since the burst period is currently at its maximum the waveform generator has adjusted the burst count to accommodate the waveform frequency 221 Settings conflict triggered burst not available for noise Noise function is not allowed in the triggered burst mode 221 Settings conflict amplitude units changed to Vpp due to high Z load dBm is not available as unit when the output termination is set to high impedance 221 Settings conflict trigger output disabled by trigger external When using the external trigger source the Trig Out signal is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict trigger output connector used by burst gate If you have enabled burst and
19. 221 Settings conflict not able to modulate noise modulation turned off The waveform generator cannot generate a modulated waveform using the noise function 221 Settings conflict not able to sweep pulse sweep turned off The waveform generator cannot generate a sweep using the pulse function 221 Settings conflict not able to modulate dc modulation turned off The waveform generator cannot generate a dc voltage function 221 Settings conflict Not able to sweep dc sweep turned off The waveform generator cannot generate a sweep using the dc voltage function 221 Settings conflict not able to burst dc burst turned off The waveform generator cannot generate a burst using the dc voltage function 221 Settings conflict not able to sweep noise sweep turned off The waveform generator cannot generate a sweep using the noise function 221 Settings conflict pulse width decreased due to period With edge time at its minimum the waveform generator has adjusted the pulse width to accommodate the specified period 221 Settings conflict pulse duty cycle decreased due to period With edge time at its minimum the waveform generator has adjusted pulse the duty cycle to accommodate the specified period 221 Settings conflict edge time decreased due to period The edge time has been decreased to accommodate the period 221 Settings conflict pulse width increased due to large period 100 The waveform generator has adjusted
20. DHCP On IP Address 169 254 02 020 Subnet Mask 255 255 0 0 Default Getaway 0 0 0 0 DNS Server 0 0 0 0 Host Name None Domain Name None 16 2 3 3400A Operation Panels Brief descriptions are provided in this chapter for all the connectors and buttons on both front and rear panels of 3400A waveform generator 2 3 1 Front Panel e mM On mW BR bh WN Geierator Figure 2 6 Power Graph Local Menu Operation Softkeys in color grey Waveform selection keys Modulation Sweep Burst keys Store Recall Menu Key Utility Menu Key Help Key Knob Cursor Keys Manual Trigger Key Output Key Numeric Keypad Sync output Connector Main signal output Connector X Note When using the Menu Operation Softkeys make sure your selection is highlighted after you press one of the softkeys 17 2 3 2 Ext Trig Figure 2 7 10MHz In External 10 MHz Reference Input Connector 10MHz Out Internal 10 MHz Reference Output Connector Modulation In External Modulation Input Connector Trig In Out FSK Burst Connector LAN Port GPIB Connector Optional USB
21. One may toggle the Mod key to see the arbitrary modulating waveform message that temporarily displayed on the screen b Press the softkey under PM Freq and use numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys to set the desired modulating frequency 6 Press the softkey under PhaseDev to set the phase deviation if needed Use numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys to enter your value 7 Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Remote interface operation Use these commands to output a phase modulation waveform FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMp USER FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum PM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMp NRAMp TRIangle NOISe USER PM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum 49 PM DEViation lt deviation degrees gt MINimum MAXimum PM SOURce INTernal EXTernal PM STATe ON 4 10 FSK Modulation 3400A provides the capability to output FSK Frequency Shift Keying modulation where the frequency of the waveform shifts between two frequencies called carrier frequency and hop frequency The shifting rate is determined by the internal or external modulating signal Carrier Waveform The default carrier waveform is sine One may also choose from square ramp and arbitrary waveforms but not pulse noise and dc waveforms The default carrier f
22. falling edge DIGital PATTern TRIGger SLOPe Inquire and gain the trigger slope status of the pattern DIGital PATTern OUTPut TRIGger OFF ON Set the trigger of the pattern out to be ON or OFF DIGital PATTern OUTPut TRIGger Inquire or gain the trigger status of the pattern out DIGital PATTern OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe POS NEG Set the Trigger slope of the pattern out to be a positive rising edge or a negative falling edge DIGital PATTern OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe Inquire and gain the trigger slope status of the pattern out in positive rising or negative falling edge DATA PATTERN VOLATILE binary block Download binary values into volatile memory You can download from 1 to 262144 256K points per waveform in IEEE 488 2 binary block format Socket pin out structure 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 109 8 7 3 3V 3 3V D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 DO NC Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 Digital Outpu LVTTL Pattern Generator Cable The 40 pin cable is used to connector the socket and you board or device 69 Pattern Generator Cable Pattern Generator Receiver Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd Gnd B 3vp 3vIDi5 p14 p13 p12 D11 D10 D9
23. the waveform is limited to 4k points with an automatic decimation process The default frequency for internal modulating waveform is 10Hz and the acceptable range is from 2 mHz to 20 kHz When external source is selected the carrier waveform is modulated with an external waveform present at the Modulation In connector the rear panel Frequency Deviation The frequency deviation represents the peak variation in the frequency of the modulation output based on that of the carrier waveform The default value is 100 Hz Each type of carrier waveform has a different acceptable range as follows e Sine 1 2 to 25 05 MHz at carrier frequency 25 05 MHz e Square 1yHz to 12 55 MHz at carrier frequency 12 55 MHz e Ramp 1yHz to 150 kHz at carrier frequency 150 kHz e Arbitrary 1uHz to 5 05 MHz at carrier frequency 5 05MHz In addition the maximum allowable value is constrained by the following two conditions e The frequency deviation must not be greater than the carrier frequency e The sum of frequency deviation and the carrier frequency must not be greater than the maximum frequency of the selected carrier waveform plus 100 kHz that is 50 1 MHz for sine 25 1MHz for square 300 kHz for ramp and 10 1 MHz for arbitrary waveforms If a value is set greater than one of the above constraints 3400A will automatically adjust it to the maximum value allowed When external source is selected as the source of modulating w
24. txtAddress Text 3400A Address 185 End Sub Private Sub cmdStartReading Click Command Button 3 Call the routine that sets up the meter cmdStartReading Enabled False startReadings cmdStartReading Enabled True End Sub Private Sub Form Load Forml Load the forms address text box with persistant instrument address from ARRAY IOUtils object txtAddress Text 3400A Address End Sub Private Sub startReadings Dim Average As Double Dim MinReading As Double Dim MaxReading As Double Dim Value As Integer Dim Mask As Integer Dim Task As Integer Continued on next page On Error GoTo StartReadingsError Clear out text box for the data so we can see when new data arrives txtData Text txtData Refresh nnunnunnnnnnnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnunnnnnnnunnnnnnmunnmnmnmnnmumnmnm Setup dmm to return an SRQ event when readings are complete With 3400A Set the address from users text box Output RST Reset dmm Output CLS Clear dmm status registers Output ESE 1 Enable operation complete bit to set standard event bit in status byte Output SRE 32 Enable standard event bit in status byte to pull the IEEE 488 SRQ line Output OPC Assure syncronization Value Input End With Enable the SRO polling so we can poll for SRQ 3400A EnableSRQ True txtData Refresh Configure the meter to take readings and initiate the readings source is set to immediate by
25. 3 4 TO SET OUTPUT 21 3 5 TO SET OUTPUT 23 3 6 To SET DC OFFSET 25 3 7 SET HIGH LEVEL AND LOW LEVEL 26 3 8 To SET WAVEFORM POLARITY 27 3 9 To SET OUTPUT 28 3 10 To ENABLE DISABLE VOLTAGE AUTORANGING 2 2 000000000000000000 enne 28 3 11 To CONTROL OUTPUT 2 0000000000000 29 3 12 ENABLED DISABLE SYNC OUT 2 30 3 13 To RESTORE THE FACTORY DEFAULT 32 4 WAVEFORM OUTPUT OPERATIONS 1 33 4T SINE WAVE 5 es 33 4 2 5 252 34 23 RAMP WAVE emt obe pam es ne ne 35 vi eder qus eR edo M RV RU 36 dq PULSE AV AV EE ORM S eti aed ream i erotica E HR 37 4 6 ARBITRARY WAVEFORM 39 4 7 AMPLITUDE MODULATION coneccion ee eere 41 2 8 FREQUENCY MODULATION decet duc 44 4 9 PHASE MODULATION o ge tede 47 4 TO FSK MODUEATION 5 preter petet 50 4 ll PWMMAVEFOBM zia ct b cag A RW PR HR 52 4 12 FREQUENCY SWEEP
26. CALIBRATION ERRORS 109 7 8 ARBITRARY WAVEFORM 110 APPENDIX M 113 SPECIFICATION LIST aiitem meat eme aee enin 114 REMOTE INTERFACE 120 B 1 1 Command Format Used in This 120 B 1 2 Command Separators 121 B 1 3 Using the MIN and MAX 122 B 1 4 Querying Parameter Settings sss 122 1 5 SCPI Command Terminators 7 1e 123 B 1 6 IEEE 488 2 Common Commands sese 123 B 1 7 SCPI Parameter Types eese tetra 123 B 2 Output Data Formats essere 125 Command 125 E Ed 125 SS ASSI inae de So ta d thea tede ec 125 sc een 128 dct E EE 131 dL M 132 edenda S eds 137 P eandem ER SR 147 ma ME 147 d 148 ss MISSE d bole be pee m ad eb ebat 148 O DERE RR E RE ERE ERE TM 150 ics edem nee 153 Poma ee
27. DAC A possible malfunctioning DAC failed DAC multiplexer U803 channels 108 or associated circuitry 623 Self test failed dc offset DAC 624 Self test failed null DAC 625 Self test failed amplitude DAC A possible malfunctioning DAC failed DAC multiplexer U803 channels or associated circuitry 626 Self test failed waveform filter path select relay 627 Self test failed 10 dB attenuator path 628 Self test failed 20 dB attenuator path 629 Self test failed 20 dB amplifier path These errors indicate that the specified relay is not properly switched or the attenuator amplifier does not provide the expected attenuation or gain These self tests use the internal ADC to verify whether the output path relays output amplifier 20 dB and output attenuators properly operate or not 630 Self test failed internal ADC over range condition A probable ADC failure 631 Self test failed internal ADC measurement error A probable ADC failure 632 Self test failed square pulse DAC test failure A probable failure of the square pulse DAC U1002 7 7 Calibration Errors 701 Calibration error security defeated by hardware jumper The calibration security feature has been disabled by shorting the two CAL ENABLE pads on the internal circuit board 702 Calibration error calibration memory is secured The calibration memory is secured to disallow a calibration from 109 performing Use the CAL SEC STAT ON command with
28. GATED BURSt MODE BURSt NCYCles lt cycles gt INFinity MINimum MAXimum BURSt NCYCles MINimum MAXimum BURSt INTernal PERiod lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum BURSt INTernal PERiod MINimum MAXimum BURSt PHASe lt angle gt MINimum MAXimum BURSt PHASe MINimum MAXimum BURst STATe OFF ON BURst STATe UNIT ANGLe DEGree RAdIAN UNIT ANGLe For triggered burst TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal BUS TRIGger SOURce For external source on Ext Trig connector TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative TRIGger SLOPe For external gated bust Burst GATE POLarity NORMal INVerted Burst GATE POLarity For trigger out OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative OUTPut TRIGger 51 OUTPut TRIGger OFF ON OUTPut TRIGger Arbitrary Waveform Commands DATA VOLATILE value lt value gt 89 DATA DAC VOLATILE binary block value lt value gt FORMat BORDer NORMal SWAPped FORMat BORDer DATA COPY lt destination arb name gt VOLATILE FUNCtion USER lt arb name gt VOLATILE FUNCtion USER FUNCtion USER FUNCtion DATA CATalog DATA NVOLatile CATalog DATA NVOLatile FREE DATA ATTRibute AVERage lt arb name gt DATA ATTRibute CFACtor lt arb name gt DATA ATTRibute POINts lt arb name gt DATA ATTRibute PTPeak lt arb name gt Triggering Commands TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal BUS TRIGger SOURce
29. LISTING D 1 MEASure bas THE Sub Main FUNCTION IS WHERE YOU NEED TO ADD INITIALIZATION CODE Sub Main Dim 3400A As Object Dim Rdg as Double To assign an object reference using CreateObject Set 3400A CreateObject Array IOUtils Address String Grammar for ResourceName Parameter USB board manufacturer ID model code serial number USB interface number INSTR or GPIBO 10 3400A Connect USB 5710 4000 tw00000001 3400A Output RST Reset 3400A 3400A Output CLS Clear 3400A status registers 3400A Output MEASURE CURRENT AC 1A 0 001MA Set to 1 amp ac range Rdg 3400A Input Debug Print Rdg Unload Object 3400A Close Set 3400A Nothing End Sub Using CONFigure with a Math Operation The following example uses CONFigure with the dBm math operation The CONFigure command gives you a little more programming 182 flexibility than the MEASure command This allows you to incrementally change the multimeter s configuration The example is is shown in Visual Basic Creating the Application Create a new Visual Basic project as follows 1 Create a new Standar EXE project 2 To set the startup object a Windows Application to Sub Main 3 Add New Module Declare a Sub Main LISTING D 2 THE CONFigure FUNCTION Sub Main Dim 3400A As Object Dim Rdgs 1 To 5 As Double Dim i As Integer Array Index To assign an object
30. Only one modulation can be enabled at one time 221 Settings conflict FSK turned off by selection of other mode or modulation Only one modulation can be enabled at one time 98 221 Settings conflict FM turned off by selection of other mode or modulation Only one modulation can be enabled at one time 221 Settings conflict AM turned off by selection of other mode or modulation Only one modulation can be enabled at one time 221 Settings conflict PM turned off by selection of other mode or modulation Only one modulation can be enabled at one time 221 Settings conflict PWM turned off by selection of other mode or modulation Only one modulation can be enabled at one time 221 Settings conflict sweep turned off by selection of other mode or modulation Only one modulation can be enabled at one time 221 Settings conflict not able to modulate this function This waveform generator cannot generate an AM FM PM FSK modulated waveform using the pulse noise or dc voltage function 221 Settings conflict PWM only available in pulse function The waveform generator can only generate PWM modulated waveform using pulse function 221 Settings conflict not able to sweep this function The waveform generator cannot generate a sweep using the pulse noise or dc voltage function 221 Settings conflict not able to burst this function The waveform generator cannot generate a burst using the dc voltage function 99
31. Period Frequency The default pulse period is 1 ms or 1kHz in frequency and the allowable value is ranged from 100 ns to 2000s or 10 MHz down to 0 5mHz in frequency Pulse period constrains the other parameters with the following equation PulsePeriod PulseWidth 1 6 x EdgeTime The waveform generator adjusts the other parameters when needed to accommodate the given pulse period Pulse Width The pulse width represents the time from the 50 point of the ascending edge to the 50 point of the following descending edge The default pulse width is 100 us and the possible value is ranged from 20 ns to 2000s The actual allowable range is determined as follows 1 6 x EdgeTime lt PulseWidth lt PulsePeriod 1 6 x EdgeTime Wmin lt PulseWidth lt PulsePeriod Wmin where Wmin is the minimum allowable value determined by the following conditions on PulsePeriod 37 20ns if PulsePeriod lt 10s 200 ns if 105 lt PulsePeriod lt 100s 2us if 100s lt PulsePeriod lt 1000s 20 us if 1000s lt PulsePeriod Wmin If the specified value for PulseWidth is outside of the allowable range the waveform generator will automatically adjust it to accommodate the given pulse period Edge Time The edge time represents the time from the 10 point to the 90 point of an ascending or descending edge The default edge time is 5 ns and the possible value is ranged from 5 ns to 100 ns with the following constraint on the maximum allow
32. Remote Interface Operation FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXImum Notes Each waveform function has its own frequency range but the default frequency is 1 kHz for all functions The table below lists the frequency ranges for different functions Function Frequency Range Sine 1 50 MHz Square 1 uHz 25 MHz 1 Hz 200 kHz Pulse 500 uHz 10 MHz Arbitrary 1 uHz 10 MHz Frequency limitation When you choose a new function and the current frequency setting is larger than the maximum frequency of the new function the waveform generator will automatically adjust the frequency to the smaller maximum value Burst limitation For internally triggered bursts the minimum frequency is 2 001 mHz For sine and square waveforms frequencies above 10 MHz are allowed only with an infinite burst count Duty Cycle Limitation There are some limits on duty cycle for square waveforms When the frequency is greater than 10 MHz the range of the duty cycle is 40 to 60 For other frequencies the range of the duty cycle is 20 to 80 If you set an out of limit duty cycle the waveform generator will adjust 22 automatically to the maximum value of the duty cycle limit range 3 5 To Set Output Amplitude The default amplitude for all functions is 100 mVpp into 50 ohms The procedure to set a new amplitude value is described as follows Output Off 1fJ0 OmVpp i L Vos Figure 3
33. TRIGger TRG For external source on Ext Trig connector TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative TRIGger SLOPe For external gated bust Burst GATE POLarity NORMal INVerted Burst GATE POLarity For trigger out OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative OUTPut TRIGger 51 OUTPut TRIGger OFF ON OUTPut TRIGger State Storage Commands 90 SAV 0 11121314 RCL O 11121314 5 0 1 2 3 4 lt name gt 5 0 1 2 3 4 MEMory STATe DELete 0 1 2 3 4 MEMory STATe RECall AUTO OFF ON MEMory STATe RECall AUTO MEMory STATe VALid 0 1 2 3 4 MEMory NSTates Sysrem related Commands SYSTem ERRor IDN DISPlay OFF ON DISPlay DISPlay TEXT lt quoted string gt DISPlay TEXT DISPlay TEXT CLEar RST TSI SYSTem VERSion SYSTem BEEPer SYSTem BEEPer STATe OFF SYSTem BEEPer STATe SYSTem KLOCk STATe OFF ON SYSTem KLOCk EXCLude NONE LOCal SYSTem KLOCk EXCLude SYSTem SECurity IMMediate LRN OPC OPC WAI Interface Configuration Commands SYSTem COMMunication RLState LOCal REMote RWLock Phase lock Commands 91 PHASe lt angle gt MINimum MAXimum PHASe MINimum MAXimum PHASe REFerence PHASe UNLock ERRor STATe OFF ON PHASe UNLock ERRor STATe UNIT ANGLe DEGree RADian UNIT ANGLe Status Reporting Commands STB SRE enable value S
34. To sweep up in frequency specify a positive frequency span To sweep down in frequency specify a negative frequency span The following equation shows the relationship between frequency span and start stop frequency Frequency span Stop frequency Start frequency FREQuency SPAN MINimum MAXimum The frequency span in hertz will be returned FSKey FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the FSK alternate or hop frequency The range is from 1 Hz to 200 kHz for ramps 1 Hz to 10 MHz for arbitrary waveforms from 1uHz to 25 MHz for square and from 1uHz to 50 MHz for sine and the default is 100Hz FSKey FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Query the hop frequency in FSK The hop frequency in hertz will be returned FSKey INTernal RATE 1 rate in Hz MINimum MAXimum Specify the rate at which the output frequency shifts between the carrier and the hop frequency The range is from 2 mHz to 100 kHz and the default is 10 Hz This FSK rate is used only when the FSK source is internal FSK SOUR INT 141 The modulating waveform is a square wave with a 50 duty cycle FSKey INTernal RATE MINimum MAXimum Query the FSK rate The FSK rate will be returned FSKey SOURce INTernal EXTernal Specify the FSK source The default is Internal FSKey SOURce Query the FSK source INT or EXT string indicating FSK source will be returned FSKey STATe OFF ON Disable or enable FSK Modulation
35. be damaged e The equipment has been strictly tested for quality before delivery from our factory However this equipment must not be used in dangerous situations where damage may result This product should be placed in a safe area in case of unauthorized use The rear protective conduct terminal needs to be connected to the actual earth ground or electrical shock may occur The patent and the copyrights of the related documents for the equipment belong to ARRAY CORP any reproduction would be illegal 1 4 Upkeep of 3400A Although 3400A waveform generator is very durable and weather resistant care should be taken not to expose it to severe impact or pressure Keep 3400A far from water and damp environment Calibration will be taken every year Please contact your local service representative for more information If the incorrect display or abnormal beeps occurred you should stop using the equipment at once Do not use the waveform generator around explosive gas or inflammable vapor To clean the surface of the waveform generator wipe it with a piece of dry and clean cloth 1 5 Safety Information A Caution Please read through the following safety information before using the product To avoid possible electrical shock or personal injury please read and follow these guidelines carefully Follow the guidelines in this manual and DO NOT use the waveform generator if the case is damaged Check the case and termin
36. command FUNCtion USER Select the arbitrary waveform function and output the current arbitrary waveform The selected waveform is output using the current frequency amplitude and offset settings You can use the APPLy command or the FREQ VOLT and VOLT OFFS commands to specify the frequency amplitude and offset The maximum amplitude will be limited if the data points do not span the full range of the output DAC Digital to Analog converter For example the built in sine wave does not use the full range of binary values between 1 and therefore its maximum amplitude is 6 087 Vpp into 50 ohms When you use an arbitrary waveform as your modulating waveform USER the waveform is automatically limited to 4k points Extra waveform points are removed using decimation FUNCtion Query the selection made by FUNCtion USER command One ofthe strings SIN SQU RAMP PULS NOIS DC and USER will be returned I to IDN Query the waveform generator s identification string which contains four fields separated by commas The descriptions of these four fields are shown below Manufacturer s Name Model Number Serial Number Revision Code 147 Revision code contains four numbers separated by dashes Firmware revision number Hardware revision number ASIC1 revision number ASIC2 revision number ASIC3 revision number ze LRN Query the waveform generator an
37. conditions It also contains the general characteristics and accuracy calculations for your convenience A lot of efforts are made to make sure these specifications serve your needs for production engineering and or research purposes All specification applies to 3400A unless noted otherwise 113 Specification List Standard waveforms Graph mode for visual verification of signal settings Sine Square Ramp Triangle Pulse Noise DC Capability Built in arbitrary waveforms Exponential Rise and Fall Negative ramp Sin x x Cardiac WAVEFORM CHARACTERISTIC Frequency 1 uHz to 50 MHz Amplitude Flatness Relative to 1K Harmonic distortion unit dBc Total Harmonic distortion Spurious non harmonic Phase Noise 10K Offset 0 1dB 100KHz 0 15dB 5MHz 0 3dB lt 20MHz 0 5dB lt 50MHz DC to 20 kHz 70 lt 1Vpp 70 2 1Vpp 20 kHz to 100 KHz 65 lt 1Vpp 60 gt 1Vpp 100 kHz to 1 MHz 50 lt 1Vpp 45 gt 1Vpp 1 MHz to 20 MHz 40 lt 1Vpp 35 1Vpp 20 MHz to 50 MHz 35 1Vpp 30 2 1Vpp DC to 20 kHz Output gt 0 5Vpp THD N lt 0 06 DC to 1 MHz 70 dBc 1 MHz to 50 MHz 70 dBc 6 dB octave 115 dBC Hz typical whenf gt 1MHz V gt O 1Vpp Frequency 1 uHz to 25 MHz Rise Fall time 10 ns Overshoot 2 Variable Duty Cycle 20 to 80 to 10 MHz 40 to 60 to 2
38. correct security code to unsecure the calibration memory 703 Calibration error secure code provided was invalid Security code provided in the CAL SEC STAT ON command was invalid 706 Calibration error provide value is out of range The specified calibration value is out of range 707 Calibration error signal input is out of range The analog to digital converter ADC verified that the signal applied to the Modulation In connector on the rear panel is out of range 707 Calibration error cal edge time rise time cal error 707 Calibration error cal edge time fall time cal error 707 calibration error cal edge time default value loaded A failure in the rise time or fall time circuitry has prevented calibration from going forward 850 calibration error setup is invalid Invalid calibration setup number specified 851 calibration error setup is out of order Calibration setup procedures must be performed in a specific sequence in order to be valid 7 8 Arbitrary Waveform Errors 770 Nonvolatile arb waveform memory corruption detected A checksum error was found in the non volatile memory used to store arbitrary waveform As a result The arbitrary waveform cannot be retrieved 781 Not enough memory to store new arb waveform use DATA DELETE 110 All non volatile memory locations are occupied There is no room to store a new waveform 781 Not enough memory to store new arb waveform bad sectors Due to storage hardware fail
39. cycle to 50 specified duty cycle is remembered and will be used when you change the function and then come back to square waves The duty cycle setting does not apply when you use square wave as the modulating wave in AM PM FM or PWM The duty cycle of 50 for square waves is used When you use the square waveforms but then later specify a frequency that cannot produce the current duty cycle the waveform generator automatically adjust the duty cycle to accommodate the newly specified frequency From the remote interface a Settings conflict error will be generated FUNCtion SQUare DCYCle MINimum MAXimum Query the current duty cycle in percent FUNCtion USER lt arb name gt VOLATILE Choose one of the five built in arbitrary waveform functions one of four user defined waveforms or the waveform currently downloaded to volatile memory The names of the five built in arbitrary waveforms are EXP RISE EXP FALL NEG RAMP SINC and CARDIAC The default is EXP RISE If a waveform stored in volatile memory is desired specify the VOLATILE parameter This command does not output the chosen waveform Use FUNCtion USER 146 command to output the waveform If you specify a waveform name that is not currently downloaded a Specified arb waveform does not exist error is generated FUNCtion USER Query the selection of waveform specified by FUNCtion USER lt arb name gt VOLATILE
40. default numberReadings 10 With 3400A Output Configure Voltage dc 10 set dmm to 10 volt dc range Output Voltage DC NPLC 10 set integration time to 10 Power line cycles PLC Output Trigger count amp Str numberReadings set dmm to accept multiple triggers Output Init Place dmm in wait for trigger state Output OPC Set operation complete bit in standard 186 event registers when measurement is complete End With enable the timer to poll gpib once per second tmrPollForSRQ Enabled True give message that meter is initialized give message that configuration is done txtData Text Meter configured and amp vbCrLf amp _ Initialized Exit Sub StartReadingsError Debug Print Start Readings Error Err Description End Sub Private Sub tmrPollForSRQ Timer Timerl This timer when enabled will poll the GPIB and return the status byte to indicate if SRQ is set On Error GoTo pollerror Continued on next page this will also change the timeout statusValue 3400A WaitOnSRQ 100 WaitOnSRQ 100ms Set the timeout back to 10 sec 3400A TimeOut 10000 If statusValue 64 Then SRQ from Operation complete Turn off the timer and stop polling tmrPollForSRQ Enabled False Debug Print SRQ is set getting data Get the Data the meter is ready ReadData End If Exit Sub pollerror Debug Print SRQ yet Poll error Err Description End S
41. for ramps 1 uHz to 25 MHz for square 1 Hz to 10 MHz for pulse and arbitrary waveforms 1 to 50 MHz for Sine In internally triggered burst mode the minimum frequency is 2 001 mHz For sine and square waveforms frequencies greater than 10 MHz are allowed only when an infinite burst count is set Burst Period The burst period represents the time interval between the start times of two consecutive bursts It is only used in the internally triggered burst mode The default burst period is 10 ms and the range is from 1 us to 500 seconds The burst period must be long enough for the generator to output the specified burst count If the burst period is set too short the waveform generator automatically adjusts it to the shortest value that can accommodate the specified burst count and waveform frequency BurstPeriod MEN UN 200ns WaveformFrequency Burst Phase Burst Phase defines the starting phase of a burst The default is 0 degree and the range is from 360 degrees to 360 degrees You can only set the burst phase in degree from the front panel operation while degrees and radians are both available from the remote interface operation For sine square and ramp waveforms zero degree is the point at which the waveform crosses zero volt or the dc offset when ascending For arbitrary waveform it is the first waveform point specified The burst phase has no effect on pulse or noise waveform In the gated burst mode when the gate
42. frequency deviation cannot exceed the carrier frequency The maximum should be limited to 25 05 MHz for sine 12 55 MHz for square carrier waveforms and 5 05 MHz for an arbitrary waveform 222 Data out of range PWM deviation 222 The width deviation is allowed to be in the range of 0 and the width of the underlying pulse waveform while the duty cycle deviation is in the range of and the duty cycle of the underlying pulse waveform But this message indicates that either parameter is further limited by minimum pulse width and edge time parameters Data out of range PWM deviation limited by pulse parameters The PWM deviation width or duty cycle is adjusted to accommodate the current pulse parameters such as pulse width duty cycle period and edge time 106 222 Data out of range duty cycle value clipped to The square wave duty cycle is adjusted to within 20 to 80 222 Data out of range duty cycle limited by frequency value clipped to upper limit The square wave duty cycle is adjusted to within 40 to 60 when the frequency is greater than 10 MHz 223 Too much data An arbitrary waveform specified contains more than 65 536 points Verify the number of points in the DATA VOLATILE or DATA DAC VOLATILE command 224 Illegal parameter value An exact parameter value was expected 7 3 Device Dependent Errors 313 Calibration memory lost memory corruption detected A checksum error was detected in the non volatile
43. function If you change to a function whose minimum period is greater than that for a pulse waveform the period is adjusted to the minimum value allowed for the new function For example if you output a pulse waveform with a period of 200 ns and then change to the ramp function the waveform generator will automatically adjust the period to 5 us the lower limit for ramps A Settings conflict error will be generated and the period will be adjusted PULSe PERiod MINimum MAXimum The period of the pulse waveform will be returned in seconds PWM INTernal FUNCtion Query the modulating function used in PWM SIN SQU RAMP NRAM TRI NOIS or USER string indicating the modulating function will be returned PWM INTernal FREQuency 1 frequency MINimum MAXimum Specify the modulating waveform frequency This applies only when the modulation source is internal PWM SOUR INT The range is from 2 mHz to 20kHz and the default is 10 Hz 156 PWM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Query the internal modulating frequency in PWM The internal modulating frequency in hertz will be returned PWM DEViation lt deviation in seconds MINimum MAXimum Specify the pulse width deviation in seconds Pulse width deviation represents the variation in seconds from the pulse width of the carrier pulse width The range is from 0 to 1000 seconds the default is 10 5 The pulse width deviation cannot exceed
44. health environment and consumer protections 1 7 Inspection Your product package is supplied with the following items One 3400A waveform generator unit 107 H x 224 W x 380 D mm approx 3 6Kg One power cord One USB cable One pattern generator cable One CD including this electronic User s Manual and software applications Optional accessories as you ordered GPIB interface card Optional The 3400A is provided with a Standard Test lead set described below Test Lead Ratings IEC 61010 031 CAT Operating Voltage 1000V DC Current 10 Ampers UL CE Rated Material Probe Body Outer Insulation Santoprene Rubber Banana Plug Body Brass Nickel Plated Spring Beryllium Copper Nickel Plated Insulation Polypropylene Resin Flasme Retardant Grade 2038 Others If any part of the Test Lead Set is damaged please do not use and replace with a new set Warning If users use the Test Lead Set without following the specification of Array Corp the protection of the Test Lead Set could be impaired In addition please don t use a damaged Test Lead Set against the instrument break or personal injury 10 1 8 Options and Accessories The following options and accessories are available from Array for use with 3400A Please refer to Table 1 1 Table 1 1 Accessory list Part Name Part Number GPIB Card M3500A opt04 11 2 Overview This chapter prepares y
45. ignored e To ensure synchronization when the Bus source is selected send the WAI wait command When the WAI command is executed the waveform 163 generator waits for all pending operations to complete before executing any additional commands For example the following command string guarantees that the first trigger is accepted and the operation is executed before the second trigger is recognized TRIG SOUR BUS TRG WAI TRG WAI e You can use the OPC operation complete query command or the OPC operation complete command to signal when the burst is complete The Command returns 1 to the output buffer when the burst is complete The OPC command sets the Operation Complete bit bit 0 in the Standard Event register when the burst is complete TRIGger SOURce Query the trigger source IMM or BUS or EXT string indicating the trigger source will be returned TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative Specify whether the rising positive or falling negative edge of the trigger signal is to be used for an externally triggered sweep The default is POS TRIGger SLOPe Query the trigger slope POS or NEG string indicating the trigger slope will be returned U UNIT ANGLe DEGree RADian Specified the unit of the starting phase for the burst with the BURS PHAS command The default is DEG Radians are not available from the front panel so if switching to the front panel operation
46. interface including an edge selectable clock and 16 bit data You can use this interface to send any data through this interface at the speed 1uHz to 50MHz Press the soft key PATT Mode to select Pattern Mode Output oft Output Setup I O Mode System Set the frequency of the pattern clock 1uHz 50MHz This setting is familiar with Figure 3 3 frequency setting PATTERNOUT ManTRIG Output Ott 100 000 kHz v4 Start End put T Addr Addr W tup Setup Select file name of the pattern such as EXP_RISE EXP_FALL NEG_RAMP SINC CARDIAC This setting is same as arbitrary waveform selection Man Output ort Set the start address min 1 of the pattern 66 Man TRIG PATTERNOUT Man TRIG Built Saved In Worm Set the trigger source of the pattern such as from EXT or BUS Please note that there is no IMM internal trigger Set the Trigger slope of the pattern out to be a positive rising edge or a negative falling edge PATTERNOUT ExtTRIG 0 Set the pattern repeat again yes ON or OFF Select which clock edge to latching data of the pattern positive rising edge or negative falling edge PATTERN OUT Commands Add Pattern Out Commands FUNCtion PATTern data name Select file name of the pattern such as EXP_RISE EXP_FALL NEG_RAMP SINC CARDIAC FUNCtion PATTern Inquire and gain the file name of the patter
47. means that when the modulating signal is at 5V the output will be at its maximum width deviation and when the modulating signal is at 5V the output will be at its minimum duty cycle Lower external signal levels 158 produce less deviation and negative signal levels produce negative deviation Note The operation of this command is affected by FUNC PULS HOLD command FUNC PULS HOLD command decides if the pulse width or the duty cycles are to be held constant as the period varies If the pulse width is held constant so is the pulse width deviation If the duty cycle is held constant so is the duty cycle deviation If one is held constant the other specified in the command will be automatically converted to the equivalent value PWM DEViation DCYCles MINimum MAXimum Query the duty cycle deviation in PWM The duty cycle deviation in percent will be returned PWM SOURce INTernal EXTernal Specify the modulating signal source The waveform generator takes either an internal or an external source The default is internal When choosing an external source the pulse waveform is modulated with an external waveform The width duty cycle deviation is controlled by the 5V signal level shown on the Modulation In connector on the rear panel It means that when the modulating signal is at 5V the output will be at its maximum duty cycle and when the modulating signal is at 5V the output will be at its minimum duty cycle PWM SOURc
48. memory To remove a waveform from volatile memory or any use defined waveforms in non volatile memory use DATA DEL command DATA NVOLatile CATalog List the names of all user defined arbitrary waveforms downloaded to non volatile memory Up to four waveform names will be returned If there is no waveform currently downloaded a null string will be returned To remove any use defined waveforms in non volatile memory use DATA DEL command DATA NVOLatile FREE Query the number of available slots for storing the user defined waveforms DATA DELete arb name Remove the specific arbitrary waveform from memory It can be the waveforms in volatile memory or the user defined waveforms in non volatile memory You cannot delete an arbitrary waveform that is currently output or an error will be generated DATA DELete ALL Remove all user defined waveforms from memory All waveforms in volatile memory and user defined waveforms in non volatile memory will be deleted but the built in waveforms in non volatile memory will not be deleted You cannot delete an arbitrary waveform that is currently output or an error will be generated DATA ATTRibute AVERage arb name gt Query the arithmetic average of all data points for the specified waveform 1 lt lt The default waveform is the currently active one FUNC USER command If you query a waveform which is not stored in memory an error Specified arb waveform d
49. of the sweep time If the Marker is enabled the Sync signal setting will be ignored and the Sync signal is a TTL high at the beginning of the sweep and transitions to low at the marker frequency For a triggered burst the Sync signal becomes a TTL high when the burst is triggered The Sync signal transitions to a TTL low at the end of the specified number of cycles may not be the zero crossing point if the waveform has a non zero phase If the 31 burst count is infinite the Sync signal works the same way described above for continuous waveforms e If the burst generation is externally gated the Sync signal starts at a TTL high with the external gate signal However the sync signal will not transition to a TTL low until the end of the last cycle may not be the zero crossing point if the waveform has a non zero phase e When the output waveform polarity is inverted the associated sync out signal is not affected 3 13 To Restore the Factory Default Settings To reset the waveform generator to its factory default settings press Store Recall button and then choose Set to Def softkey See Figure 3 12 and Figure 3 13 After choosing Yes to make confirmation the waveform generator has been restored to factory default settings Restore all pE mum Figure 3 15 For the default settings please refer to Table 2 1 for 3400A factory default settings To set the power
50. on state please refer to Section 5 2 Storing the instrument state 32 4 Waveform Output Operations This chapter describes each of the waveforms that 3400A provides and also the detailed front panel menu and remote interface operations for outputting the waveforms 4 1 Sine Wave How to generate a sine wave 1 The default waveform output of 3400A is sine wave To select sine wave while the current output function is not it press the Sine button to make the selection 2 Refer to Chapter 3 for configuring common parameters which include frequency period amplitude and dc offset voltage 3 To view the waveform parameters in the graph mode press the Graph button Output Off 14800 000 kHz Amel Perd High Low Figure 4 1 Remote interface operation APPLy SINusoid lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt or FUNCtion SINusoid FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum 33 4 2 Square Wave A square wave consists of instantaneous transitions between two voltage levels The duty cycle of a square wave represents the amount of time in each cycle during which the wave is at the high level assuming that the waveform is not inverted DutyCycle Time Interval at High Level Period x 100 How to generate a square wave 1 Press the Square button to select the square wave functi
51. output based on that of the original pulse carrier waveform The default deviation is 10us and the range is from Os to 1000s In addition it must not be greater than the pulse width of the carrier waveform and is also constrained by the following formulas WidthDeviation lt PulseWidth Wmin WidthDeviations Period PulseWidth Wmin where Wmin is the minimum pulse width as described in Section 4 5 When external source is selected as the source of modulating waveform the modulation is controlled by the specified width deviation and the 5v levels of the external waveform When the external waveform is at 5v the output will reach the maximum pulse width When the external waveform is at 5v the output will reach the minimum pulse width How to set up PWM pulse width modulation 1 Press the Pulse button to select the pulse carrier waveform and then set the waveform parameters as described in Section 4 5 Figure 4 13 2 Press the Mod button to toggle the PWM output 3 Press the softkey under Src to toggle between internal source Int and external source Ext for selecting modulating waveform source 4 If internal source is selected a Press the softkey under Shape to toggle between different types of modulating waveform If arbitrary waveform Arb is selected as modulating signal source the modulating signal source is depending on the previous waveform selection in arbitrary function One may toggle the Mod key to
52. reference using CreateObject Set 3400A CreateObject Array I0Utils Address String Grammar for rsrcName Parameter 3400A Connect USB 5710 4000 tw00000001 USB board manufacturer ID model code serial number USB interface number INSTR 3400A Output RST Reset 3400A 3400A Output CLS Clear 3400A status registers 3400A Output CALC DBM REF 50 50 ohm reference resistance 3400A Output CONF VOLT AC 1 0 001 Set 3400A to 1 amp range 3400A Output DET BAND 200 Select 200 Hz fast ac filter 3400A Output TRIG COUN 5 3400A will accept 5 triggers 3400A Output TRIG SOUR IMM Trigger source is IMMediate 3400A O0utput CALC FUNC DBM Select dBm function 3400A Output CALC STAT ON Enable math 3400A Output READ Take readings send to output buffer Rdgs 3400A Input For LBound Rdgs To UBound Rdgs Debug Print Rdgs i Next i End Sub Using the Status Registers The following example shows how you can use the multimeter s status registers to determine when a command sequence is completed The example is shown in Visual Basic 183 Creating the Application Create a new Visual Basic project as follows 1 Create a new Standar EXE project 2 After you create the application shell lay out the Formi as shown earlier in Figure C 1 3 Configure the control properties as specified in Table C 1 Adding Controls to Your Wind
53. remoter interface reset command 81 If DHCP is used the device will automatically obtain a subnet mask from the DHCP server Default Gateway A gateway is a network device that provides connectivity between two networks The default gateway setting is the IP address of the gateway that the waveform generator is connected to The value is stored in non volatile memory so it is not affected by power cycle or the remoter interface reset command If DHCP is used the device will automatically obtain the IP address of the default gateway from the DHCP server Host Name Host name is the human readable identifier for the device Together with the domain name see below the host name can uniquely represent the device in the networks just like its host IP address Each character in the name can be a number letter dash or underscore Domain Name A domain is an administration unit for managing hosts in the networks The name of a domain just like host name is in human readable format Each character in the name can be a number letter dash or underscore Domains are hierarchically structured There are top domains such as edu com org etc And a sub domain under a top domain usually represents an organization such as a company a school a government office etc The smallest domain is a host itself For example domain www array sh consists of a host name www and three domains Array com a
54. setting automatically enables the Output connector Output connector will be disabled when excessive external voltage is applied to it To re enable it remove the excessive voltage and use this command to enable it again This command changes the state of the output connector by switching the output relay However this command does not zero the voltage to be output before switching the relay Thus the output signal may have glitches for about a millisecond until the signal stabilizes You can minimize these glitches by first setting the amplitude to the minimum using the VOLTage command and the offset to zero using the 150 VOLTage OFFSet command before changing the output state OUTPut 70 or 1 indicating the on off state of the Output connector on the front panel is returned OUTPut LOAD lt ohms gt INFinity Select the desired output termination It can be any value ohms between 10 and 10kQ INF sets the output termination to high impedance gt 10 The default is 50Q The specified value is used for amplitude offset and high low level settings When the output termination is changed the displayed output amplitude offset and high low levels are automatically adjusted and no errors will be generated waveform generator has a fixed series output impedance of 50 ohms to the front panel Output connector If the actual loa
55. signal turns false the waveform generator will complete the current waveform and then stops At this 61 point the output will remain at the same voltage level as the starting burst phase Trigger Source The default trigger source is internal and the available options are internal external and manual When the waveform generator is set to be in the triggered burst mode it generates a burst with specific number of cycles each time a trigger is received Then it stops and waits for the next trigger event to occur When the trigger source is internal the bursts are outputted at a rate determined by the burst period When the trigger source is manual the burst is outputted only when the Trigger button is pressed When the trigger source is external the waveform generator outputs a burst each time a TTL pulse with specified polarity is received at the Ext Trig connector on the rear panel A received trigger signal is ignored during the output of a burst When the trigger source is set to be external or manual the burst count and burst phase remain the same but the burst period is ignored Trigger Out Signal In internally or manually triggered burst mode one may enable to output a trigger out signal at the Ext Trig connector on the rear panel that is synchronized with the burst output When enabled TTL compatible square waveform with either a rising or falling edge is outputted at the Ext Trig connector at the beginning of the bu
56. state you will lose the waveform data and not able to output the waveform The built in exponential rise wave is outputted instead 221 Settings conflict offset changed due to amplitude When the existing offset voltage does not conform the following limitation Voffset Vpp 2 lt Vmax it is adjusted automatically to the maximum dc voltage allowed with the specified amplitude 221 Settings conflict amplitude changed due to offset When the existing amplitude does not conform the following limitation Voffset Vpp 2 lt Vmax it is adjusted automatically to 102 the maximum value allowed with the specified offset voltage 221 Settings conflict low level changed due to high level The high level must always be greater than the low level If you specify a high level that is smaller than the low level the waveform generator will adjust the low level to be 1 mV less than the high level 221 Settings conflict high level changed due to low level The high level must always be greater than the low level If you specify a low level that is greater than the high level the waveform generator will adjust the high level to be 1 mV greater than the low level 222 Data out of range value clipped to upper limit The specified parameter is out of range and is adjusted to the maximum value allowed 222 Data out of range value clipped to lower limit The specified parameter is out of range and is adjusted to the minimum value all
57. the phase deviation in degrees Phase deviation represents the peak variation in phase of the modulated waveform from the carrier waveform The range is from to 360 degrees and the default is 180 degrees When an external source is selected the carrier is modulated with an external waveform The phase deviation is controlled by the 5v signal on the rear panel Modulation In connector It means that when you choose to have a deviation of 180 degrees then a 5 signal level corresponds to a 180 degree phase shift Lower the external signal level is less the deviation is 154 PM DEViation MINimum MAXimum Query the phase deviation in phase modulation The phase deviation in degree will be returned PM SOURce INTernal EXTernal Specify the modulating signal source The default is INTernal When an external source is selected the carrier is modulated with an external waveform The phase deviation is controlled by the 5v signal on the rear panel Modulation In connector It means that when you choose to have a deviation of 180 degrees then a 5V signal level corresponds to a 180 degree phase shift Lower the external signal level is less the deviation is PM SOURce Query the modulating source in phase modulation INT or EXT string indicating the modulating source will be returned PM STATe OFF ON Disable or enable Phase Modulation The default is Off To avoid multiple waveform changes you can enable it after setting
58. time if necessary to accommodate the specified pulse width or duty cycle Edge time lt 0 625 x Pulse width Or Edge time lt 0 625 x Period x Duty cycle 100 FUNCtion PULSe TRANsition MINimum MAXimum Query the edge time The edge time in seconds is returned FUNCtion RAMP SYMMetry lt percent MINimum MAXimum gt Specify the symmetry percentage for ramp waves Symmetry represents the amount of time per cycle that the ramp wave is rising supposing the waveform polarity is not inverted The range is from 0 to 100 and the default is 100 The APPLY command overrides the current symmetry setting and used 100 symmetry e The specified symmetry is remembered and will be used when you change the function and then come back to ramp waves 145 The symmetry setting does not apply when you use ramp wave as the modulating wave in AM or FM FUNCtion RAMP SYMMetry MINimum MAXimum Query the current symmetry setting in percent FUNCtion SQUare DCYCle lt percent gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the duty cycle percentage for square waves Duty cycle represents the time per cycle that a square wave is at its high level supposing the waveform polarity is not inverted The default is 50 The range is from 20 to 80 when the waveform frequency is not greater than 10 MHz and from 40 to 60 when the waveform frequency is greater than 10 MHz The APPLY commands overrides this command sets the duty
59. turn off the beep when needed The beeper setting is stored in non volatile memory so the setting remains even after the waveform generator is turned off or the reset command is issued from the remote operation How to turn on off the beeper 1 Press the Utility button and then press the softkey under System to enter system related submenu 2 Press the Beep softkey to toggle between ON and OFF Remote interface operation SYSTem BEEPer SYSTem BEEPer STATe OFF ON 5 5 Sound 3400A normally sounds when the operation buttons and knob are used One may turn off the sound when needed The sound setting is stored in non volatile memory so the setting remains even after the waveform generator is turned off or the reset command is issued from the remote operation How to turn on off the beeper 1 Press the Utility button and then press the softkey under System to enter system related submenu 2 Press the Sound softkey to toggle between ON and OFF Remote interface operation SYSTem SOUNd SYSTem SOUNd STATe OFF ON 78 5 6 Error Display The waveform generator can store up to 20 syntax or hardware errors in its error queue Each error string may contain up to 255 characters The waveform generator beeps every time it detects an error unless the beeper is turned off Errors are stored in first in first out FIFO order and they are cleared once read To clear the error queue from the remote interface use the CLS command The erro
60. up the modulation parameters The waveform generator allows only one of burst sweep and modulations enabled at one time As long as one is enabled the other will be turned off FM STATe 0 OFF or 1 ON will be returned FORMat BORDer NORMal SWAPped Used only for binary block transfers Select the byte order for binary transfers in the block mode using the DATA DAC command The default is NORM 139 In NORM byte order the most significant byte MSB of each data point is assumed first In SWAP byte order the least significant byte LSB of each data point is assumed first Most computers use the swapped byte order The waveform generator represents binary data as signed 16 bit integers which are sent as two bytes Therefore each waveform data point requires 16 bits which must be transferred as two bytes on the waveform generator s interfaces FORMat BORDer Query the byte order for binary transfers in the block mode NORM or SWAP will be returned FREQuency STARt lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the start frequency in Sweeps The range is from 1yHz to 200 kHz for ramps from 1 2 to 10 MHz for arbitrary waveforms from 1uHz to 25 MHz for square and from 1uHz to 50 MHz for sine The default is 100 Hz The minimum value is 1uHz and the maximum value is 50 MHz FREQuency STARt MINimum MAXimum The start frequency in sweeps will be returned FREQuency STOP freq
61. 0 3500 tw00000001 O gt Connect _bs O gt Address amp bs tr_t myInstrumen tr t printf sWMn char bstr t bstr O gt Output _bstr_t IDN n O gt Input amp bstr printf s n char bstr t bstr O Output bstr t READ Nn O gt Input amp bstr printf sin tc O Close O gt Release har bstr t bstr Uninit so COM is exited clean CoUninitialize return 0 190
62. 2000 IEC61000 4 3 2002 IEC61000 4 4 2004 IEC61000 4 5 1995 A1 2000 IEC61000 4 6 1996 A1 2000 IEC61000 4 8 1993 A1 2000 IEC61000 4 11 1994 A1 2000 172 Application Programs This chapter contains several remote interface example programs to help you develop programs for your own application Remote Interface Reference starting on page 173 lists the syntax for the SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments commands available to program the function generator Introduction Five example programs are included in this chapter to demonstrate controlling the ARRAY 3400A using SCPI commands All of these programs are written in Microsoft Visual C 6 0 and use the NI VISA If you want to modify the example programs or write your own programs and compile them you will need to install the NI VISA e If you are using GPIB The software should have been loaded when you installed your GPIB interface card in your PC e If you are using USB or LAN You must have NI VISA version to support USB and LAN Microsoft and Visual C 6 0 are U S registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation All of the sample application programs in this chapter are example programs intended for use with Microsoft Visual C 6 0 and the NI VISA by USB To use VISA in another Visual C project you have to set the environmental variable in Microsoft Visual C 6 0 The procedures are in the following e In the VC af
63. 3400A cannot produce the current duty cycle it will automatically adjust the duty cycle to the closest possible value for the new frequency When square wave is selected as the modulating waveform the duty cycle is fixed at 50 The duty cycle setting applies to square wave carrier waveform for AM FM PM or PWM 4 3 Ramp Wave A ramp wave is a triangle waveform with adjustable symmetry Symmetry represents the percentage of time in a cycle when the ramp wave is rising assuming that the waveform polarity is not inverted The default symmetry is 100 How to generate a ramp wave 1 2 Freg Press the Ramp button to select the output function Refer to Chapter 3 for configuring common parameters including frequency period amplitude and dc offset voltage Press the softkey under Symmetry for configuring the value Use the knob with the cursor keys to change the symmetry setting Or use the numeric keypad to enter a new value and then press the softkey under to finish the entry or the softkey under Cancel to withdraw the changes Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Output Off 100 000 kHz e 149 Figure 4 3 35 Remote interface operation APPLy RAMP lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt The command generates ramp wave with 100 symmetry Or FUNCtion RAMP FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage lt amplitude gt
64. 5 Front panel Operation 1 Select your desired function by pressing one of the function keys 2 Press the softkey under Ampl High and make sure Ampl is highlighted Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value Remote Interface Operation VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXImum Use this command to set units VOLTage UNIT VPP VRMS DBM Notes e Specifying a high voltage level and a low level Section 3 7 is equivalent to specifying amplitude and DC offset Section 3 6 For example if you set the high level to 2 volts and the low level to 3 volts the resulting amplitude will be 5 Vpp with an offset voltage at 0 5 V Figure 3 6 23 erd ich Figure 3 7 e The default output unit is Vpp but one may also choose from Vrms and dBm But the output unit cannot be set to dBm if the output termination is set to high impedance In such a case the unit is automatically reset to Vpp The unit setting is stored in volatile memory The default unit Vpp will be restored after a power on cycle or a remote interface reset e Offset Voltage limitations The value of output amplitude is constrained by the equation below Vpp lt 2x Vmax Voffset where Vmax is the maximum peak voltage allowed for the selected output termination 5 volts for a 50 load or 10 volts for a high impedance load e Limits with Unit Selection The output amplitude limits may be affected by the o
65. 5 MHz Asymmetry 1 of period 5 ns 50 duty Jitter RMS Frequency Ramp 200 ps whenf gt 1MHz V gt O 1Vpp 1 uHz to 200 kHz Triangle Linearity 0 1 of peak output Symmetry Frequency 0 0 100 0 500 uHz to 10 MHz Pulse width 20 ns minimum 10 ns res period x 10s Variable Edge Time 10 ns to 100 ns Overshoot 2 Jitter RMS Bandwidth Frequency 200 ps whenf gt 50KHz V gt O 1Vpp 20 MHz typical 1 Hz to 10 MHz Length 2to256K Resolution 14 bits including sign Sample Rate 125 MSa s Min Arbitrary Rise Fall Time 30ns typical Linearity lt 0 1 o0f peak output Settling Time 250ns to 0 5 of final value Jitter RMS 6ns 30ppm Non volatile Memory 115 4 waveforms 256K Points COMMON CHARACTERISTIC Resolution Accuracy at 1KHz Amplitude 1uHz 10mVpp to 10Vpp 509 20mVpp to 20Vpp in Hi Z 1 Of setting 1mVpp Units Vpp Vrms dBm Resolution Range 4 digits 5V 500 10 Hi Z 2 of offset setting 0 5 of amplitude setting Impedance 4 digits 50 Q typical Isolation 42 Vpk maximum to earth Protection Peak AC DC Accuracy Resolution Internal Frequency reference Accuracy External Standard Frequency JOption reference External Lock Range short circuit protec
66. ARR Ay 3400A Arbitrary Waveform Generator Printed date 06 2008 Table of Contents TABLE OF 2 1 GENERAL 2 2 1 12 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 4 04 49 5 1 4 FEATURE OVERVIEW nete ete 5 1 2 WARRANTY 2 04022000000000000 6 1 3 PRECAUTION OF OPERATION 7 1 400 2 erre Pr DR PER CY 8 1 5 SAFETY 8 1 6 SYMBOLS AND TERMS 9 5 zoe 10 1 8 OPTIONS AND 55 1 6 0 020 022 0 220 000000000000000 11 2 PURIS 12 2 1 TO ADJUST THE HAND E 12 2 2 FACTORY DEFAULT SETTINGS 15 2 3 3400A OPERATION PANELS 17 2 3 I Front Panel eats 17 COMMON 6 2 42 2400 19 3 1 GRAPH MODE scccscccssvossocecooscvsscosccsscenscevecossesesvceevensvcesoctcosncontevsesusscnscertecvessnavensvenes 19 3 2 NUMERICAL ALPHABETICAL 19 3 3 To SELECT OUTPUT 20
67. D8 D7 D6 Ds D4 D3 D2 D1 Do NC 70 Schematic of Receiver 5 4 Make Z 110Z on traces 0 QPouti15 and PCLK1 J1 J2 ISO 33 C1 CON20 2 O tu Te EN Do s Di 5 Ri D2 7 QPou2 7 D3 ii D4 11 12 4 10K 05 13 OPout5 3 1 De 5 6 15 L16 2 m vee D7 17 18 17 18 OPouti A2 Yi He 228 Do CLK 19 PCLKi 19 20 QPout2 4 Y2 AZ LENIN 22R 01 08 21 QPout8 21 22 OPout3 5 A4 H 228 D2 De 23 9 24 QPou4 6 A5 15 PEA 22R D3 D10 25 10__25 26 5 7 A6 ys H4 B6 A 22R D4 Dit QPouti 27 28 A7 3 R7 22R 05 012 29 OPouti2 30 9 12 LEG 22R De D13 QOPouti3 31 10 11 BA 22R D7 D14 33 QPouti4 aa sore 015 3 QPouti5 35 SN54LVC541A 8 5 pi ACOM ISO 3 3 c2 ST 0 1u CON20 2 ACOM e RIA Dacom u2 c3 cs 1 20 VCC 22u 1000 8 Mes 9 M E R 22R 08 DP 9 4 Fi Yn 22R 09 57 11 2 A 33RD QPoui2 4
68. ISe USER AM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum AM SOURce INTernal EXTernal AM STATe ON Notes e Only one type of modulation can be activated at one time When amplitude modulation is enabled the previously selected modulation is automatically disabled e Amplitude modulation cannot be enabled with sweep or burst mode at the same time When amplitude modulation is enabled sweep or burst mode will be disabled 4 8 Frequency Modulation Frequency modulation provides a waveform in which the frequency of the carrier waveform varies with the modulating waveform Carrier Waveform The default carrier waveform is sine One may also choose from square ramp and arbitrary waveforms but not pulse noise and dc waveforms The default carrier frequency is 1 kHz for all waveforms Each carrier waveform has its own acceptable range of frequencies Refer to the table in Section 3 4 To Set Output Frequency Period for details Modulating Waveform 3400A accepts either internal or external modulating source but not both at the same time The default source is internal and the default internal modulating waveform is sine wave For internal source one may also choose from square with 50 duty cycle URamp Up or Positive ramp with 100 symmetry DRamp Down or Negative ramp with 0 44 symmetry triangle ramp with 50 symmetry noise and arbitrary waveforms If an arbitrary waveform is chosen the number of points in
69. Internal external 117 Internal 50 duty cycle Square Modulation li Ier 3 Frequency 2MHz to 100KHz Internal External Voltage Range 5V full scale Modulation Input Resistance 8 7KQ typical Input Bandwidth DC to 20KHz Waveforms Sine Square Ramp Arb Type Linear or logarithmic Direction up or down Sweep Time 1 ms 500 Trigger Internal External or Manual falling edge of sync signal programmable frequency Marker Waveforms Sine Square Ramp Triangle Noise Arb Type Internal external Start Stop Phase 360 to 360 Internal Period 105 500Sec Gated Source External trigger Trigger Source Internal External or Manual Level TTL compatible Slope Rising or Falling Selectable Trigger Input Pulse width gt 100 ns Impedance gt 10K2 DC coupled Latency lt 500 ns Level TTL compatible into 1 kQ Pulse width gt 400 ns Trigger Output Output Impedance Maximum rate 1MHz Fan out 4 Array 3400As 50 typical 118 Pattern Mode CHARACTERISTIC Maximum rate 50MHz Level TTL compatible into 2 kQ Output Impedance 110 Q typical Length 119 2 to 256 K Remote Interface Reference B 1 An Introduction to the SCPI Language SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments is an ASCII based instrument command language designed for
70. Nimum MAXimum VOLTage MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet MINimum MAXimum VOLTage HIGH lt voltage VOLTage HIGH MINimum MAXimum VOLTage LOW lt voltage MINimum MAXimum VOLTage LOW MINimum MAXimum VOLTage RANGe AUTO OFF ON ONCE VOLTage RANGe AUTO VOLTage UNIT Vpp Vrms dBm VOLTage UNIT FUNCtion SQUare DCYCle lt percent gt MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion SQUare DCYCle MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion RAMP SYMMetry lt percent gt MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion RAMP SYMMetry MINimum MAXimum OUTPut OFF ON OUTPut OUTPut LOAD lt ohms gt INFinity MINimum MAXimum 85 OUTPut LOAD MINimum MAXimum OUTPut POLarity NORMal INVerted OUTPut POLarity OUTPut SYNC OFF ON OUTPut SYNC Pulse Configuration Commands PULSe PERiod lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum PULSe PERiod MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe HOLD WIDTh DCYCle FUNCtion PULSe HOLD WIDTh DCYCle FUNCtion PULSe WIDTh lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe WIDTh MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe DCYCle percent MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe DCYCIe MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe TRANsition 4 seconds MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe TRANsition MINimum MAXimum 1 Amplitude Modulation Commands AM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP NRAMp TRIangle NOISe USER AM INTernal FUNCti
71. OutPut TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative 5 2 Storing the instrument state 3400A provides five storage locations in non volatile memory for user to store instrument state The stored instrument state holds all the parameters for the selected function including the waveform frequency dc offset amplitude duty cycle symmetry modulation type and modulation parameters The first location indexed at 0 is automatically assigned for instrument state at power down but you can use any of these locations 74 for storing a user defined instrument state The location 70 can only be accessed from the remote interface Although you may store an instrument state in it it is always preserved for power down state Anything previously stored in it will be overwritten with the power down state when the waveform generator is turned off Although you may assign a custom name to any of these locations from the remote interface you cannot assign a name for location O from the front panel The name can contains up to 12 characters but the first character has to be a letter and the rest of them can be numbers letters or the underscore character _ How to store recall the instrument state 1 Press the Store Recall button to enter the instrument state submenu Output Off STI DONE 2 To store an instrument state press the softkey under Store State to enter the store state submenu a Press the soft
72. Port Digital Pattern Output LVTTL Power cord Connector 10 Vent Co MN Mg 18 3 Common Operations This chapter describes the basic operations and configurations that are commonly used to set up a waveform output Operations for outputting specific waveforms are covered in chapter 4 3 1 Graph Mode Pressing the Graph button enables the graph mode You can view the waveform visually in the graph mode and change the waveform parameters by using the knob and the cursor keys The parameter values that the knob can reach in the graph mode are limited due to resolution To fine adjust the parameters use the numeric keypad to input the desired value or return to the menu mode Press the Graph button again to leave the graph mode and return to the menu mode Output Off 1 900 000 kHz Figure 3 2 graph mode 3 2 Numerical Alphabetical Entry There are 12 buttons on the numeric keypad two cursor keys and a turning knob on the front panel provided for the numeric entry e Numerical entry When entering a numeric value you can select 19 a desired value directly on the numeric keypad or use the cursor keys to move the cursor on the display and increase or decrease the digit by turning the knob When you use the numeric keypad all the available units for the entry will be shown on the display Press the softkey under the desired unit to finish the entry or press Cancel to withdraw the changes e Alphabetical en
73. RE STATus QUEStionable CONDition STATus QUEStionable EVENt STATus QUEStionable ENABle enable value STATus QUEStionable ENABle ESR ESE enable value ESE CBS STATus PRESet PSC 0 1 OPC Calibration Commands CALibration CALibration COUNt CALibration SECure CODE new code CALibration SECure STATe OFF ON lt code gt CALibration SECure STATe CALibration SETup lt 0 11213 94 gt CALibration SETup CALibration STRing quoted string CALibration STRing CALibration VALue value CALibration VALue 92 IEEE 488 2 Common Commands CLS CLS CLS ESE lt enable value gt ESE ESR IDN LRN OPC OPC PSC 0 1 PSC SAV O 11121314 RCL O 11121314 SRE lt enable value gt SRE STB TRG TST 93 7 Error Messages Error messages are issued when an incorrect remote command is sent to your 3400A waveform generator for execution This may occur for reasons such as incorrect command syntax giving the parameters of a command that violate some system constraints hardware failures and so All possible error messages are categorized and listed in this chapter for your reference If you cannot find a particular error message in this chapter contact your service representative Error messages are stored in an error queue in 3400A and may be retrieved in the first in first out FIFO order The first error returned is the first err
74. SPlay OFF ON Turn off or on the display Disabling the front panel display may speed up the command execution for remote interface operation Remote interface error messages will be shown even when the display is off Displaying a message on the front panel display overrides the display state The display is automatically enabled when the waveform generator has been turned off or after RST command or when you return to local front panel operation The display state is saved when you store the instrument state using SAV command Use RCL command to recall the instrument state and the front panel display will return to the previous state DISPlay Query the display setting Returns 0 OFF or 1 ON DISPlay TEXT quoted string Show a message on the front panel display This command overrides the display 136 state DISP OFF command The allowed message be up to 12 characters in a large font and more characters in a small font Any additional characters will be truncated With a message diaplaying on the front panel display information relating to the output waveform such as frequency is not shown on the display DISPlay TEXT Query the message sent to the front panel display DISPlay TEXT CLEar Clear the message shown on the front panel display If the display is currently enabled this command will clear the message on the front panel display and return the normal front panel display mode If the d
75. St PHASe lt angle gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the starting phase in degrees or radians according to UNIT ANGL command The range is from 360 degrees to 360 degrees or from 2 to 2 radians and the default is 0 degree 0 radians For sine square and ramp waveform zero degrees is the point at which the waveform crosses zero volts or the dc offset in a positive going direction For arbitrary waveform it is the first waveform point downloaded to memory The burst phase has no effect on pulse or noise waveform In the gated burst mode when the gate signal turns false the current waveform is complete and the waveform generator stops and the output remains at the voltage level corresponding to the starting burst phase BURSt PHASe MINimum MAXimum The starting phase in degree or radians will be returned BURSt STATe OFF ON Disable or enable the burst mode To avoid multiple waveform changes you can enable burst after setting the modulation parameters The waveform generator allows only one of burst sweep and modulations enabled at one time As long as one is enabled the other will be turned off BURSt STATe 70 OFF 1 ON will be returned BURSt GATE POLarity NORMal INVerted Specify whether the waveform generator uses true high or true low logic levels on the rear panel Ext Trig connector for an externally gated burst The default is NORM true high logic 130 BUTSt GATE POLarity NORM or
76. The default is Off To avoid multiple waveform changes you can enable it after setting up the modulation parameters Only one type of modulation can be activated at one time Also when FSK modulation is activated sweep or burst mode will be disabled FSKey STATe Query the FSK state 0 OFF or 1 ON will be returned FUNCtion PULSe HOLD WIDTh DCYCle Instruct the waveform generator to hold either the pulse width or the duty cycle When the pulse width is held constant the period is varied Minimum width and edge time restrictions apply If a command specifying the duty cycle is received the duty cycle is converted into equivalent pulse width in seconds If Pulse Width Modulation is turned on the pulse width is held and the width deviation is held too as the period is varied Duty cycle deviation commands are converted to width deviation values e When the duty cycle is held constant the period is varied Minimum width and edge time restrictions apply If a command specifying the pulse width is received the pulse width is converted into equivalent duty cycle in percent If Pulse Width Modulation is turned on the duty cycle is held and the duty cycle deviation is held too as the period is varied Pulse width deviation commands are converted to duty cycle deviation values 142 FUNCtion PULSe HOLD WIDTh DCyYCle Query either the value of the pulse width or the duty cycle being held The value of duty cycle in p
77. able value EdgeTime lt 0 625 x PulseWidth 3400A will alter the edge time when needed to accommodate the specified pulse width Pulse Duty Cycle Specifying pulse duty cycle is another way to define a pulse wave than specifying pulse width Pulse duty cycle is defined as follows DutyCycle PulseWidth PulsePeriod x 100 If the specified pulse duty cycle conflicts with the specified pulse width or vice versa the most recently specified pulse duty cycle or pulse width will be accepted over the other The default duty cycle is 10 and the acceptable range is from 0 to 100 with the following constraints DutyCycle gt Wmin PulsePeriod x 100 DutyCycle x 1 0 Wmin PulsePeriod x 100 where Wmin is the minimum allowable value for pulse width defined in the previous section on pulse width The waveform generator will adjust it to accommodate the given pulse period 38 How to generate a pulse wave 1 Press the Pulse button to choose pulse wave output 2 Refer to Chapter 3 for specifying the common parameters including frequency period amplitude and dc offset voltage 3 Press the softkey under Width Duty to Toggle between setting pulse width or duty cycle 4 Use the knob with the cursor keys to change the value Or use the numeric keypad to enter a new value and then press the softkey under to finish the entry or the softkey under Cancel to withdraw the changes 5 Press the softkey under Edge Time and then fo
78. after using radians on the remote interface operation the waveform generator automatically converts the unit back to degrees for you UNIT ANGLe DEG or RAD indicating the unit of the starting phase for the burst will be returned 164 we M VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the output amplitude The minimum value is 10 mVpp into 500 and the maximum value is the largest amplitude for the chosen function at most 10 Vpp into 500 depending on the chosen function and the offset voltage e The output amplitude and offset voltage are related to Vmax as shown below Voffset Vpp 2 lt Vmax Where Vmax is the maximum peak voltage for the selected output termination 5 volts for a 500 load or 10 volts for a high impedance load The function generator will take the new specified output amplitude but the offset voltage may be reduced accordingly and a Settings conflict error is generated Output Termination Limits When the Output Termination Setting is changed the Output Amplitude is automatically adjusted For instance when you change the output termination from 50 ohms to high impedance your offset voltage doubles thus it affects your output amplitude and when Output Termination has been changed from high impedance to 50 ohms the offset voltage decreases in half Output amplitude dBm is available when the output termination is set to high impedance The un
79. als and make sure all the devices are in the proper positions The waveform generator should be connected to the actual earth ground to avoid electrical shock Do not apply excessive voltage to the waveform generator Apply voltage within the rated range only If you need to open the instrument case or replace any parts follow the instructions in this manual You must be a qualified technician to perform this action The main power supply module contains a fuse rated 3 15A 250V When replacing the fuse BUSSMANN F3 15A250V use only the same types and same rating as specified Do not try to operate the waveform generator if it is damaged Disconnect the power from the equipment and consult the local service representative Return the product to Array service department if necessary 1 6 Symbols and Terms A This symbol indicates hazards that may cause damages to the instrument or even result in personal injury This symbol indicates high voltage may be present Use extra caution before taking any action This symbol indicates the frame or chassis terminal presented need to be connected to the actual earth ground This symbol indicates Protective Conductor Terminal Up Underwriters Laboratories de This symbol indicates earth ground terminal This symbol indicates this product complies with the essential requirements or the applicable European laws or directives with respect to safety
80. amplitude when the modulating signal is at 5v AM SOURce Query the modulating source in amplitude modulation INT or EXT string indicating the modulating source will be returned 126 AM STATe OFF ON Disable or Enable the amplitude modulation The default is OFF To avoid multiple waveform changes you can enable AM after setting the modulation parameters AM STATe 0 OFF or 1 ON will be returned APPLy SINusoid lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Output a sine wave with specific frequency amplitude and offset The waveform is output as soon as the command is executed APPLy SQUare lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Output a square wave with specific frequency amplitude and offset The duty cycle is set automatically to 50 The waveform is output as soon as the command is executed APPLY RAMP lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Output a ramp wave with specific frequency amplitude and offset The symmetry is set automatically to 100 The waveform is output as soon as the command is executed APPLY PULSe lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Output a pulse wave with specific frequency amplitude and offset The waveform is output as soon as the command is executed This command works with the current edge time setting and the current duty cycle or pulse width setting depending on which has been selected
81. and clears all user defined state information user defined arbitrary waveforms and user defined I O settings This command is usually used to clear all memory for security purpose therefore it is not recommended for use in routine applications because of the possibility of unintended loss of data Toss TRIGger Issue an immediate trigger from the remote interface This command can trigger a sweep or burst with any available trigger source TRIG SOUR command TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal BUS Specify a trigger source for the triggered burst mode only The waveform generator accepts a software BUS trigger an immediate internal trigger or a hardware trigger from the rear panel EXT TRIG connector The default is IMM When using the Immediate internal source the frequency at which the burst is generated is determined by the burst period e When using the External source the waveform generator takes hardware trigger from the Trig In connector on the rear panel e When using the Bus software trigger source the waveform generator outputs one burst each time it receives a bus trigger command Use TRG to trigger from the remote interface The Trigger button is lit when the waveform generator is waiting for a trigger e The APPLY automatically sets the trigger source to be Immediate When the External or the Bus source is selected the burst count and the burst phase remain in effect but the burst period is
82. ate 4 Def Figure 4 23 76 6 To restore the instrument state to the factory default press the softkey under Set to Def A message will be displayed for you to confirm the action Press the Yes softkey to confirm or the Cancel key to cancel the operation See Figure 4 19 Remote interface operation SAV 0 1 2 3 4 4011121314 Memory STATe NAME 0 1 2 3 4 lt name gt 5 3 Display Control 3400A provides an option to turn off the front display screen One may choose to do it for security reason or for speeding up the command execution from the remote interface This option is available from the remote operation only Remote interface operation only Use this command to turn off the front panel display DISP OFF Use this command to display a message and turn the display back on DISP TEXT message to display Use this command to clear the current message on display DISP TEXT CLEAR Notes e The display is automatically enabled when the waveform generator is powered on the RST reset command is issued or it is returned to the local front panel operation e Error messages are always displayed even when the display is turned off e The display setting may be saved with the SAV command When the instrument state is restored using the RCL command the display setting will return to the saved state 77 5 4 3400A normally lets out a beeper when an error is detected
83. ation it will be overwritten You can store an instrument state into location 0 only from the remote interface It is not accessible from the front panel Storage location 0 is automatically overwritten when the power is cycled If you store the instrument state for an arbitrary waveform and then delete it later the waveform data is lost and the waveform generator is not able to output the waveform When you store instrument state the selected function frequency amplitude dc offset duty cycle symmetry as well as any modulation parameters are saved also TST Order a complete self test of the waveform generator Returns 70 when the test runs successfully or 1 when the test fails 160 SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic Specify the spacing for the sweep The default sweep mode is Linear which waveform generator sweeps the frequency with spacing calculated in a linear function In logarithmic sweep mode the waveform generator sweeps with spacing calculated in a logarithmic function SWEep SPACing Query the spacing used in sweeps LIN or LOG string indicating the spacing will be returned SWEep TIME lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the time duration in seconds to sweep from the start frequency to the stop frequency The range is from 1 ms to 500 seconds and the default is 1 second The number of discrete frequency points in the sweep will be calculated according to the specifi
84. ault FSK rate is 10 Hz and the range is from 2 mHz to 100 kHz How to generate a FSK waveform 1 Press one of the following function buttons to choose your carrier waveform Sine Square Ramp Arb Specify all the necessary waveform parameters for the carrier waveform as described in Section 4 1 4 2 4 3 and 4 6 Output Off EHH Figure 4 12 2 Press the Mod button to toggle on the modulation output 3 Press the softkey under Type and press the softkey under FSK to select FSK modulation An FSK modulation output will be generated with the current parameters 4 Press the softkey under Src to toggle between internal source Int and external source Ext for selecting modulating waveform source 5 If internal source is selected press the softkey under FSK Rate and set the desired shift rate using the numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys 6 Press the softkey under Hop Freq and set the desired hop frequency using the numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys 7 Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Remote interface operation FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMp USER 31 FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum FSKey FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FSKey INTernal RATe lt rate in 2 gt FSKey SOURce INTernal EXTernal FSKey STATe ON
85. aveform the modulation is controlled by the specified frequency deviation and the 5v signal levels of the external waveform When the external waveform is at 5v the output will reach positive maximum frequency deviation e g 100 kHz increase from carrier frequency if the specified frequency 45 deviation is 100 kHz When the external waveform is at 5v the output will reach negative maximum frequency deviation e g 100 kHz decrease from carrier frequency if the specified frequency deviation is 100 kHz How to set up frequency modulation 1 Press one of the following function buttons to choose your carrier waveform Sine Square Ramp Arb Specify all the necessary waveform parameters for the carrier waveform as described in Section 4 1 4 2 4 3 and 4 6 FM by Sine 1 5 Figure 4 10 2 Press the Mod button to toggle the modulation output 3 Press the softkey under Type and press the softkey under FM to select frequency modulation A frequency modulation output will be generated with the current parameters 4 Press the softkey under Src to toggle between internal source Int and external source Ext for selecting modulating waveform source 5 If internal source is selected a Press the softkey under Shape to toggle between different types of modulating waveform If arbitrary waveform Arb is selected as modulating signal source the modulating signal source is depending on the previous waveform se
86. be automatically converted to the equivalent value PWM DEViation MINimum MAXimum Query the pulse width deviation The pulse width deviation is seconds will be returned PWM DEViation DCYCle lt deviation in percent MINimum MAXimum Specify the duty cycle deviation in percent This value represents the duty cycle variation in the modulated waveform from the duty cycle in the original pulse waveform and it is in the form of a percentage of the period The default duty cycle deviation is 1 and the range is from 0 to 100 The minimum value is 0 and the maximum value is approximately 100 limited by the period minimum pulse width and edge time More over it must not be greater than the pulse duty cycle and is under the following constraints Duty Cycle Deviation lt Duty Cycle 100 X Minimum Width Period And Duty Cycle Deviations 100 Duty Cycle 100 X Minimum Width Period Where Wmin 20 ns for period lt 10s 20 ns for period gt 10 s but x 100 s Wmin 2 ws for period gt 100 s but lt 1000 s Wmin 20 ws for period gt 1000 s The duty cycle deviation also needs to conform to the following rules Duty Cycle DeviationxDuty Cycle 160X Edge Time Period And Duty Cycle Deviationx100 Duty Cycle 160X Edge Time Period When you choose an external source PWM SOUR EXT the duty cycle deviation is controlled by the 5V signal level shown on the Modulation In connector on the rear panel It
87. ble with the current amplitude setting 221 Settings conflict FM deviation cannot exceed carrier The frequency deviation cannot exceed the carrier frequency or the waveform generator will adjust the deviation to a maximum allowed value 101 221 Settings conflict FM deviation exceeds max frequency The sum of the carrier frequency and the deviation cannot exceed the maximum frequency for the chosen function plus 100 kHz 50 1 MHz for sine and square 300 kHz for ramp and 10 1 MHz for arbitrary waveforms If you set the carrier to a value that is not valid the waveform generator will adjust the deviation to the maximum value allowed 221 Settings conflict PWM deviation decreased due to pulse parameters The PWM deviation must follow the limitation concerning the pulse width or duty cycle edge time and period see Ch 4 11 for these limitations or the waveform generator will adjust it automatically 221 Settings conflict frequency forced duty cycle change In the square wave function if you change the frequency to a value that cannot produce the current duty cycle the duty cycle will be automatically adjusted to the maximum value for the new frequency 221 Settings conflict marker forced into sweep span The marker frequency must be a value between the start and the stop frequency 221 Settings conflict selected arb is missing changing selection to default If you delete an arbitrary waveform after storing its instrument
88. ce your voltage shown on the display doubles and when Output Termination has been changed from high impedance to 50 ohms the voltage decreases in half invert the waveform relative to the offset voltage you can use the OUTP POL command VOLTage LOW MINimum MAXimum Query the low voltage level VOLTage RANGe AUTO OFF ON ONCE Disable or enable the voltage auto ranging The default is On where the waveform generator selects an optimal setting for the output amplifier and attenuators When the auto ranging is Off the current setting is used e The ONCE parameter enables the auto ranging selects an optimal setting and then disables it The APPLY command overrides this command and turns the auto ranging on Disabling the auto ranging can avoid momentary disruption caused by attenuators switching while changing amplitudes However the amplitude and offset accuracy may be adversely affected when reducing the amplitude below the expected range change VOLTage RANGe AUTO 0 off or 1 on indicating the auto ranging enable state is returned 168 VOLTage UNIT VPP VRMS DBM Select the unit of the output amplitude The default is VPP The waveform generator used the same unit for front panel and the remote interface so the front panel display in the unit that you select from remote interface If you don t specify the unit in the APPLy or VOLT commands the function
89. d OUTPut SYNC 70 or 1 indicating the enable state of the Sync connector on the front panel will be returned OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative Specify an edge for the trigger out signal When the trigger out signal is enabled by OUTP TRIG command a TTL compatible square waveform with the specified edge is output from the Ext Trig connector on the rear panel at the beginning of the sweep or burst For a pulse with a rising edge use Positive and for a pulse with a falling edge use Negative When using the Immediate internal trigger source the TRIG SOUR IMM command the waveform generator outputs a square waveform with a 50 duty cycle the rising edge is the sweep trigger from the Ext Trig connector on the rear panel The period is equal to the sweep time When using the External trigger source the TRIG SOUR EXT command the waveform generator disables the trigger out signal and the Ext Trig connector is use for sending an externally triggered sweep e When using the Bus software trigger source the TRIG SOUR BUS command the waveform generator outputs a pulse gt 1 s pulse width from the Ext Trig connector at the beginning of the sweep OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe POS or NEG string indicating the edge for the trigger out signal will be returned OUTPut TRIGger OFF Disable or enable the trigger out signal The default is OFF When the trigger out signal is enabled a TTL com
90. d impedance is different than the specified value the displayed amplitude offset and high low levels will be incorrect When the output termination is set to high impedance you cannot specify the output amplitude in dBm The unit will be automatically converted to Vpp OUTPut LOAD MINimum MAXimum Query the current load setting in ohms Return the current load setting or 9 9 37 meaning high impedance OUTPut POLarity 4 NORMal INVerted Invert the waveform relative to the offset voltage The default is NORM in which the waveform goes positive during the first part of the cycle and in INV mode the waveform goes negative during the first part of the cycle The offset remains the same when the waveform is inverted and the Sync signal is not inverted OUTPut POLarity Query the polarity of the waveform NORM or INV indicating the polarity will be returned OUTPut SYNC OFF ON 151 Disable or enable the Sync connector on the front panel The default is ON By disabling the Sync signal you can reduce the output distortion at lower amplitude When the Sync signal is disabled the output level on the Sync connector is a logic low level When waveform is inverted its Sync signal is not inverted This command is overridden by the setting of the MARK command used with the sweep mode therefore when the marker frequency is enabled and the sweep is enabled too the OUTP SYNC is ignore
91. d return a string of SCPI commands containing the current settings learn string You can then send the string back to the instrument to restore this state at a later time For proper operation do not modify the string before sending it back to the waveform generator The string should contain about 1 500 characters To avoid possible instrument errors execute the EST command first and then send the string back to the waveform generator MARKer OFF Disable or enable the frequency marker The default is OFF When the frequency marker is off the signal output from the Sync connector is the normal Sync signal for the carrier waveform The OUTP SYNC command is overridden by the setting of the MARK command so when the marker frequency is turned on and the sweep mode is also turned on the OUTP SYNC command is ignored MARKer 70 or 1 indicating the enable state of the frequency marker will be returned MARKer FREQuency lt frequency MINimum MAXimum Specify the marker frequency The signal on the front panel Sync connector goes to a logic low at the marker frequency during the sweep The range is from 1 to 50 MHz limited to 200 kHz for ramps and 10MHz for arbitrary waveforms and the default is 500 Hz The minimum value is the lower one of the start and stop frequencies and the maximum value is the higher one of the start and stop frequencies 148 The marker frequency must be a value between the sp
92. d string 105 GET not allowed GET is not allowed in a command string 108 Parameter not allowed More parameters than expected were received 109 Missing parameter Fewer parameters than expected were received 112 Program mnemonic too long More characters than allowed in the command header were received 113 Undefined header An invalid command was received 123 Exponent too large A numeric parameter with exponent larger than 32 759 was detected 124 Too many digits 95 A numeric parameter with too many digits was detected 128 Numeric data not allowed A numeric parameter was received when the waveform generator was expecting a string parameter 131 Invalid suffix A suffix was incorrectly specified for a numeric parameter 138 Suffix not allowed A suffix is not supported for this command 148 Character data not allowed A discrete parameter was received when it was not expected 151 Invalid string data An invalid character string was received 158 String data not allowed A character string was received when it was not allowed for this command 161 Invalid block data For a definite length block the number of bytes of data sent does not match the number of bytes that you specified in the block header 168 Block data not allowed This command does not accept the data format 170 to 178 Expression errors Mathematical expressions are not acceptable for the instrument 7 2 Execution Errors
93. e Query the modulating source in PWM INT or EXT string indicating modulating source will be returned PWM STATe OFF ON Disable or enable PWM The default is Off To avoid multiple waveform changes you can enable it after setting up the modulation parameters Only one type of modulation can be activated at one time Also when PWM is activated sweep or burst mode will be disabled PWM is allowed only when pulse is used PWM STATe Query the PWM state 70 OFF or 1 ON will be returned 159 R 0111213 4 Recall the instrument state previously stored in the non volatile storage location Storage location stores the waveform generator s power on state storage location 1 to 4 are empty when the instrument is shipped out from the factory You can not recall state from a storage location which is empty Storage location 0 is automatically overwritten when the power is cycled RST Reset the waveform generator to its factory default independent of the MEM STAT REC AUTO command setting This command does not affect any stored instrument states arbitrary waveforms or the I O settings It also enables the front panel display if it has been turned off This command will abort a sweep or burst in progress PET SAV 0 1 2 3 4 Store the current instrument state to the specified non volatile storage location If there is any instrument state stored the specified loc
94. e LAN interface from a Telnet or socket session Provides control analogous to the IEEE 488 2 commands such as GTL Go To Local over the GPIB and USB interfaces The default is Local which sets the instrument state to local and removes any annunciator and locks the front panel keyboard The Remote parameter sets the instrument state to remote display the annunciators and locks the keyboard The RWLock parameter sets the instrument state to remote with lock and display the rwl annunciator and locks the keyboard SYSTem VERSion Query the waveform generator s current SCPI version A string in the form of YYYY V will be returned YYYY represents the year of the version and V represents the version number SYSTem KLOCk STATe OFF ON Disable or enable the front panel keyboard lock The default is OFF meaning the lock is off When the lock is on the front panel keyboard is locked You can exclude local key when locking the front panel keyboard by using SYST KLOC EXCL LOC before you lock the keyboard SYSTem KLOCk EXCLude NONE LOCal Specify if locking the front panel keyboard including the local key or excluding 162 the local key SYSTem KLOCk EXCLude Query which key is excluded when locking the front panel keyboard SYSTem SECurity IMMediate Clears all instrument memory except for the boot parameters and calibration constants Reset all instrument setting to their RST values This comm
95. e command Other forms such as STA will generate an error Braces enclose parameter choices for a given command string The braces are not sent with the command Vertical bars separate multiple parameter choices for a given command string Triangle brackets lt gt indicate that you must specify value for the enclosed parameter For example the above START command accepts a frequency parameter enclosed in triangle brackets The brackets are not sent with the command string You must specify a value for the parameter such as STAR 6000 Some parameters are enclosed in square brackets The brackets indicate that the parameter is optional and can be omitted The brackets are not sent with the command string If you do not specify a value for an optional parameter the waveform generator uses the default value B 1 2 Command Separators A colon is used to separate a command keyword from a lower level keyword You must insert a blank space to separate a parameter from a command keyword If a command requires more than one parameter you must use a comma between two parameters APPL SIN 5 KHZ 3 0 VPP 2 5 V 121 A semicolon is used to separate commands within the same subsystem and can reduce typing efforts For example sending the following command string BURSt MODE TRIG NCYCles 10 is the same as sending the following two commands BURS MODE TRIG BURS NCYCles 10 Use a col
96. e is out of range and is adjusted 222 Data out of range offset value clipped to The offset voltage is out of range and is adjusted 222 Data out of range frequency in burst mode value clipped to The frequency is adjusted as indicated by the burst period 222 Data out of range frequency in FM value clipped to This message indicates that the carrier frequency is adjusted to the lower boundary determined by the FM DEV command The carrier frequency must be greater than or equal to the frequency deviation 222 Data out of range marker confined to sweep span value clipped to The specified marker frequency is out of range and is adjusted to the 105 start or stop frequency whichever is closer 222 Data out of range pulse width value clipped to The desired pulse width is limited to the upper or lower boundary as indicated by the instrument hardware 222 Data out of range pulse edge time value clipped to The desired edge time is limited to the upper or lower boundary as indicated by the instrument hardware 222 Data out of range FM deviation value clipped to 222 222 The desired frequency deviation is limited to the upper or lower boundary set by the carrier frequency Data out of range FM deviation limited by minimum frequency The frequency deviation is limited to the lower limit Data out of range FM deviation limited by maximum frequency value clipped to upper limit The
97. e largest dc offset for the chosen function and amplitude The output amplitude and offset voltage are related to Vmax as shown below Voffset Vpp 2 lt Vmax Where Vmax is the maximum peak voltage for the selected output termination 5 volts for a 50Q load or 10 volts for a high impedance load The function generator will take the new specified output amplitude but the offset voltage may be reduced accordingly and a Settings conflict error is generated When the Output Termination Setting is changed the offset limits automatically adjusted For instance when you change the output termination from 50 ohms to high impedance your offset voltage doubles thus it affects your output amplitude and when Output Termination has been changed from high impedance to 50 ohms the offset voltage decreases in half For arbitrary waveforms if the waveform data points do not span the full range of output DAC Digital to Analog Converter the maximum offset and amplitude will be limited e Setting a high level and low level is another way to specify the offset For instance you will have an amplitude of 5 Vpp with an associated offset voltage of 500 mV when you set your high level to 2 Vpp and low level to 3 Vpp VOLTage OFFSet MINimum MAXimum Query the dc offset voltage for the current function VOLTage HIGH lt voltage gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the high voltage level The default high le
98. e or enable the automatic recall of the power down state from storage location O when power is turned on The default is OFF and it resets RST command the waveform generator when power is turned on MEMory STATe RECall AUTO Query the state of the automatic recall of the power down state 70 OFF or 1 ON will be returned 149 MEMory STATe VALid 0 1 2 3 49 Query the specified storage location to determine if it currently stores a valid instrument state O is returned when there is no valid state stored in that location and 1 is returned when there is a valid state stored in that location MEMory NSTates Query the number of storage locations available for storing the states 5 is returned z OPC Set the Operation complete bit bit 0 in the Standard Event Register after all of the previous commands have been completed Other commands may be executed before the bit is set This command is used in the triggered sweep or triggered burst modes to provide a way to poll or interrupt the computer when the TRG command is complete OPC Returns 1 to the output buffer after the previous commands have been completed Other commands can not be executed until this command completes OUTPut OFF ON Disable or enable the Output connector on the front panel The default is OFF The Output key is lit when enabled APPLy command overrides the current OUTP command
99. e power is cycled Remote interface operation TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal BUS How to specify the trigger slope with external trigger source 1 After choosing Ext as your trigger source press the softkey under 72 Slope to toggle between rising edge trigger and falling edge trigger 2 Press DONE to finish the setting Remote interface operation TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative Software Triggering In software triggering a bus command is sent through the remote interface to trigger the waveform generator The waveform generator outputs a burst or a sweep when it receives one such command The operation is similar to the Trigger button on the front panel for manual triggering Remote interface operation To trigger the waveform generator from the remote interface choose BUS as the trigger source TRIGger SOURCe BUS and send one of the following commands to trigger TRG TRIGger External Triggering An external signal is applied at the Ext Trig connector on the rear panel in the following five operation modes e Externally modulated FSK mode The carrier frequency is outputted when a logic low level is present at the connector and the hop frequency is outputted when a logic high level is present The maximum shifting rate is 100 kHz e Triggered sweep mode The waveform generator outputs a sweep on the specified edge each time a TTL pulse is received at the Ext Trig connector e Triggered burst mode The waveform g
100. e the IIO interface below You needn t use this interface directly to communicate with instruments extern C interface IIOUtils IDispatch STDMETHOD Count short pVal STDMETHOD TimeOut short pVal STDMETHOD TimeOut short newVal STDMETHOD Open void STDMETHOD Close void STDMETHOD Refresh void STDMETHOD Index short newVal STDMETHOD Index short pVal STDMETHOD Output BSTR newVal STDMETHOD Input BSTR pVal STDMETHOD Address BSTR pVal STDMETHOD Query BSTR newValue BSTR pVal STDMETHOD ErrFlag long pVal STDMETHOD Connect BSTR newVal extern S EEK K kk KK k k k k k k k Ck k k k k Kk k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kk k k k k k kkk kkk kk ke ke kx int main int argc char argv IIOUtils IIO The IO we ll be using to get to the instrument HRESULT hr check return values for failure _variant_t myCmd _variant_t myResult _bstr_t myInstrument strTmp BSTR bstr printf Start CExample program We assume 3400A multimeter on USB 5710 3500 tw00000001 n n Initialize COM 189 CoInitialize NULL Create the ARRAY IOUtils component hr CoCreateInstance CLSID_ARRAYIOUtils NULL CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER IID_IOUtils LPVOID amp IIO if FAILED hr printf CoCreateInstance failed n return 0 Continued on next page Connect String myInstrument USB 571
101. e with a lt new line gt character The IEEE 488 EOI end or identify message is interpreted as a lt new line gt character and can be used to terminate a command string in place of a lt new line gt character A lt carriage return gt followed by a lt new line gt is also accepted Command string termination will always reset the current SCPI command path to the root level B 1 6 IEEE 488 2 Common Commands The IEEE 488 2 standard defines a set of common commands that perform functions like reset self test and status operations Common commands always begin with an asterisk are four to five characters in length and may include one or more parameters The command keyword is separated from the first parameter by a blank space Use a semicolon to separate multiple commands as shown below U RST CLS ESE 32 OPC B 1 7 SCPI Parameter Types The SCPI language defines several different data formats to be used in program messages and response messages 123 Numeric Parameters Commands that require numeric parameters will accept all commonly used decimal representations of numbers including optional signs decimal points and scientific notation Special values for numeric parameters like MINimum MAXimum and DEFault are also accepted You can also send engineering unit suffixes with numeric parameters e g Mhz or Khz If only specific numeric values are accepted the waveform generator will automatically round the inp
102. ecified start and stop frequencies If you select an out of range value a Settings conflict error is generated and the waveform generator will automatically set it to either the start or the stop frequency depending on which is the closer one MARKer FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Query the marker frequency MEMory STATe NAME 0 1 2 3 4 lt name gt Assign a custom name for the specified storage location You can assign a name to a location from either the front panel or the remote interface but you can only recall a state by name from the front panel The custom name can contain up to 12 characters The first character must be a letter A Z but the remaining characters can be letters numbers or the underscore character Blank spaces are not allowed Assigning the same name to different locations is allowed You cannot assign a name to storage location O from the front panel MEMory STATe NAME 0 1 2 3 4 Query the name of the specified storage location If the specified location has no custom name its default name will be returned MEMory STATe DELete 0 1 2 3 4 Erase the instrument state from the specified storage location including the custom name specified to that location if any and restore the default name You cannot recall the instrument state from a storage location that is empty or an error will be generated MEMory STATe RECall AUTO OFF ON Disabl
103. ecify the peak frequency deviation in hertz This value represents the peak variation in frequency of the modulated waveform from the carrier frequency The range is from 1yHz to 150 kHz for ramps from 1uHz to 5 05 MHz for arbitrary waveforms from 1uHz to 12 55 MHz for square waveforms and from 1uHz to 25 05 MHz for sine waveforms and the default is 100 Hz The minimum value is 1 2 but the maximum value is calculated based on the frequency of the carrier waveform as below Maximum deviation carrier frequency if the carrier frequency is less than Maximum frequency 2 Maximum deviation Maximum frequency carrier frequency if the carrier frequency is greater than Maximum frequency 2 The frequency deviation must not be greater than the carrier frequency If a greater value is set to be the deviation 3400A waveform generator will adjust it automatically to the maximum value allowed The sum of frequency deviation and the carrier frequency must not be greater than the maximum frequency of the function used plus 100 kHz 50 1 MHz for sine and 25 1 MHz for square 300 kHz for ramp and 10 1 MHz for arbitrary waveforms If a greater frequency deviation is specified the waveform generator will automatically adjust it to the maximum value allowed When an external source is selected the carrier is modulated with an external waveform The frequency deviation is controlled by the 5v signal on the rear panel Modulation In connector For ins
104. ed sweep time SWEepe TIME Query the sweep time The sweep time in seconds will be returned SWEep STATe OFF ON Disable or enable the sweep mode The default is Off To avoid multiple waveform changes you can enable it after setting up the modulation parameters Only one type of modulation can be activated at one time Also when Sweep is activated modulation or burst mode will be disabled SWEep STATe Query the sweep state 70 OFF or 1 ON will be returned SYSTem ERRor Query and clear one error from the waveform generator s error queue Up to 20 errors can be stored in the queue Errors are retrieved in first in first out FIFO order Each error string may contain up to 255 characters The waveform generator beeps every time it detects an error unless the beeper is turned off 161 Errors are cleared once you read them If more than 20 errors are detected too many Errors show up in the last place of the error queue Unless user read the errors in the queue the additional errors will not be stored If there is no error in the error queue when you read it No error string will be displayed SYSTem BEEPer Issue a single beeping tone SYSTem BEEPer STATe OFF ON Disable or enable the beeper SYSTem BEEPer STATe Query the beeper state Return O OFF or 1 ON SYSTem COMMunicate RLSTate LOCal REMote RWLock Set the remote local state of the waveform generator over th
105. ed when reducing the amplitude below the expected range change And you may not be able to achieve the minimum amplitude that is available when autoranging is on 3 11 To Control Output Connector 3400A output is controlled by the output button The output is disabled at power on by default to protect the equipment connected to 3400A Front panel Operation e To enable disable ouput press the Output button to toggle The Output button becomes lit when output is enabled 29 Remote Interface Operation OUTPut OFF ON Notes e The Output is automatically disabled when an excessive external voltage is applied to the Output connector on the front panel and an error will be generated and the error message will be shown Remove the overload from the Output connector and enable the Output again 3 12 To Enabled Disable Sync Out Signal All the standard output functions except dc and noise can be associated with a sync out signal It is outputted at the Sync connector on the front panel Front panel Operation e To enable disable the sync out signal press the Utility button and then the Sync softkey to toggle the setting Output Off Output Setup I O Mode System Figure 3 13 Remote Interface Operation OUTPut SYNC OFF ON 30 Notes If the Sync connector is disabled the output signal is at a logic low level The Sync setting is stored in non volatile memory so it does not change after power off o
106. enerator outputs a burst each time a TTL pulse with specified polarity is received at the Ext Trig connector e External gated burst mode The waveform generator outputs a continuous waveform when the external signal is true When the external signal turns false the waveform generator completes the 73 current cycle and then stops at the same voltage level as the starting burst phase For noise waveform the output stops immediately when the external signal turns false Trigger Out Signal 3400A may be configured to send out a TTL compatible square wave at the Ext Trig connector on the rear panel with either a rising or a falling edge at the beginning of a sweep or burst e With internal trigger source the trigger out signal is a square wave with 50 duty cycle The period of the trigger out signal is equal to the sweep time or the burst period e With the manual trigger or BUS trigger source the trigger out signal is a pulse with pulse width gt 1 us e With external trigger source there is no trigger out signal as the Ext Trig connector is used to receive the trigger input signal How to set up the trigger out signal 1 After sweep or burst mode is activated press the Trig Setup softkey to enter the trigger setup submenu 2 Press the Trig Out softkey and then select among OFF rising edge trigger and falling edge trigger 3 Press the softkey under DONE to finish the setting Remote interface operation OutPut TRIGger OFF ON
107. ent in two bytes Therefore the total number of bytes is always twice the number of data points in the waveform and must always be an even number For example 32 768 bytes are required to load a waveform with 16 384 points Use the FORM BORD command to select the byte order for binary block transfers If you specify FORM BORD NORM the default setting the most significant byte MSB of each data point is sent first If you specify FORM BORD SWAP the least significant byte LSB of each data point is sent first Most computers use the swapped byte order Notes The values 8191 correspond to the peak values of the waveform if the offset is 0 volts e The maximum amplitude will be limited if the data points do not span the full range of the output DAC Digital to Analog converter For example the built in sinc wave does not use the full range of binary values between 8191 and thus its maximum amplitude is limited to 6 087 Vpp into 50 Q e The DATA DAC command overwrites the previous waveform in the volatile memory and no error will be generated Use the DATA COPY command to copy the waveform to non volatile memory DATA CATalog List all waveform names available for use The names of the five built in waveforms in non volatile memory and all user defined waveforms in volatile 134 memory will be returned Volatile will be returned when a built in waveform is currently downloaded to volatile
108. ercent or the value of pulse width in seconds is returned FUNCtion PULSe WIDTh lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the pulse width in seconds The range is from 20 ns to 2000 seconds The default is 100 us The pulse width represents the time from the 50 threshold of the rising edge of the pulse to the 50 threshold of the next falling edge e The minimum value of the pulse width is 20 ns and the maximum value is 1999 99 seconds e The minimum pulse width is restricted by the period as below Wmin 20 ns when period is not greater than 10s Wmin 200 ns when period is greater than 10 s but not greater than 100s Wmin 2 us when period is greater than 100d not greater than 1000s Wmin 20 ws when period is greater than 1000s e The specified pulse width must be less than the difference between the period and the minimum pulse width Pulse Width lt Period Wmin The waveform generator adjusts the edge time first and then the width if necessary to accommodate the period From the remote interface a Setting conflict error is generated and the pulse width is adjusted e The specified pulse width must be less than the difference between the period and the edge time Pulse Width lt Period 1 6x Edge time The waveform generator adjusts the edge time first and then the width if necessary to accommodate the period From the remote interface a Data out of range error is generated and the pulse width is adjusted
109. ey and then select among Int internal Ext external and Man manual b If internal source or manual trigger is selected you may configure the trigger out signal by pressing the softkey under Trig Out and then select among OFF rising edge trigger and falling edge trigger If external source is selected you may press the softkey under Slope to toggle between rising edge trigger and falling edge trigger d Press the softkey under DONE to finish the trigger setting Figure 4 17 63 4 If internal trigger source is selected press the Burst Perd softkey and enter the desired burst period using the numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys 5 Press the Graph button to view all the burst parameters e External gated burst 1 To specify the polarity of the external signal for gating press the Polar softkey to toggle between Neg and Make sure that your selection is highlighted 2 Press the Start Phase softkey and enter the desired phase using numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys 3 Press the Graph button to view all the burst parameters Remote interface operation FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMp PULSe USER FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum BURSt MODE TRIGgered GATed BURSt GATE POLarity NORMal INVerted gt BURSt NCYCles lt cycles gt INFinity MINimum MAXimum BURSt INTernal PERiod lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum BURSt PHASe lt angle gt MIN
110. ff press the softkey under SubMask to set subnet mask Use only the numeric keys to enter the value Press the softkey under Enter to finish the entry or the softkey under Cancel to withdraw the changes 7 Default Gateway a If DHCP is off press the softkey under Def Gate to set up the IP address of the default gateway Use only the numeric keys to enter the value Press the softkey under Enter to finish the entry or the softkey under Cancel to withdraw the changes 83 8 Press the DONE softkey to return to the LAN submenu DNS Setup Submenu 9 Press the softkey under DNS Setup to enter the submenu 10 Host Name a Press the softkey under Host Name to set the host name for your waveform generator b Use the numeric keys and the knob with the arrow keys to enter your desired letters or symbols 11 Domain Name a Press the softkey under Domain Name b Use the numeric keys and the knob with the arrow keys to enter your desired letters or symbols 12 DNS Server a Press the softkey under DNS Serv b Use the numeric keys to enter the IP address of the DNS server c Press the softkey under Enter to finish the entry or the softkey under Cancel to withdraw the changes 13 Press the DONE softkey to return to the LAN submenu View Current Configuration 14 Press the softkey under Current Conf to display the current LAN configuration 6 2 Remote Interface Commands You may instruct your 3400A waveform generator to output wa
111. ger source the trigger signal is a TTL pulse with specified polarity applied to the Ext Trig connector on the rear panel Note that the trigger period must not be less than 1 ms plus the specified sweep time e If manual trigger is selected the waveform generator sends out a sweep each time the Trigger button on the front panel is pressed Trigger out Signal A trigger out signal is provided on the rear panel Ext Trig FSK Burst connector When enabled a TTL compatible square waveform with either a rising or falling edge is outputted at the Ext Trig FSK Burst connector with the sweep output e With internal trigger source a square waveform with 50 duty cycle is outputted at the Trig Out connector with the sweep output e With external trigger source there is no signal outputted at the 56 Ext Trig FSK Burst connector because it shares the same connector with Ext Trig for receiving the external trigger signal e With manual trigger the waveform generator outputs a pulse with pulse width gt 1 us at the Trig Out connector at the beginning of each sweep How to set up frequency sweep 1 Press one of the following function buttons to choose your waveform for sweeping Sine Square Ramp Arb Specify all the necessary waveform parameters for the waveform as described in Section 4 1 4 2 4 3 and 4 6 Linear Sweep IntTRIG Output UT 0000 0 s Linear Log
112. gure the trigger out signal by pressing the softkey under Trig Out and then select among OFF rising edge trigger and falling edge trigger c If external source is selected you may press the softkey under Slope to toggle between rising edge trigger and falling edge trigger d Press the softkey under DONE to finish the trigger setting Output oft DONE Figure 4 15 9 Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Remote interface operation SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic SWEep TIME lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STARt lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STOP lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency CENTer lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency SPAN lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum MARKer FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum MARKer OFF ON SWEep STATe ON Use this command to specify the trigger source TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal BUS Use this command to specify whether the sweep is triggered on the rising or falling edge TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative 58 Use the following commands to configure the Trig Out signal OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe NEGative OUTPut TRIGger OFF ON 4 13 Burst Operation 3400A offers the burst operation to generate the selected type of waveform with specified number of cycles called a burst Bursts may be triggered internally or manually Bursts can also be triggered or gated externally by the s
113. ignal applied to the Ext Trig FSK Burst connector on the rear panel Sine ramp pulse Square and arbitrary waveforms are allowed to output in both the triggered and gated burst modes Noise is available only in the gated burst mode Triggered Burst Mode This is the default burst mode 3400A outputs a waveform with a specified number of cycles called burst count each time it receives a trigger When the specified number of cycles is outputted the waveform generator pauses and waits for next trigger One may choose to trigger the bursts using internal source to manually press the Trigger button on the front panel to trigger a burst to apply an external signal at the Ext Trig FSK Burst connector on the rear panel or to send a software trigger through the remote interface External Gated Burst Mode In gated burst mode the length of a burst is determined by the voltage level of the external signal applied at the Ext Trig FSK Burst connector on the rear panel During the time when the external signal is logic true the waveform generator outputs a continuous waveform When the gate signal is logic false the output wave remains at the same voltage level as the starting burst phase of the selected waveform The output stops immediately following a noise burst when the gate signal becomes logic false 59 Table 4 13 1 The available parameters in each burst mode Ext Trig Burst Signal Period Polarity
114. ile memory Downloading floating point values using DATA VOLATILE is slower than downloading binary values using DATA DAC VOLATILE but is more convenient when using trigonometric functions which return 132 values from 1 to 1 After downloading the waveform data to memory use the FUNC USER command to choose the active waveform and the FUNC USER command to output it The following statement shows how to use the DATA command to download seven points to volatile memory DATA VOLATILE 1 67 33 0 33 67 1 DATA DAC VOLATILE lt binary block value value Download binary or decimal integer values from 8191 to 8191 into volatile memory You can download from 1 to 65 536 64K points per waveform in IEEE 488 2 binary block format or as a list of values The range of values corresponds to the values available using internal 14 bit DAC digital to Analog Converter codes The waveform generator takes the specified number of points and expands them to fill waveform memory If you download less than 16 384 16K points a waveform with 16 384 points is automatically generated If you download more than 16 384 points a 65 536 point waveform is generated The values 8191 and 8191 correspond to the peak values of the waveform if the offset is O volts For example if you set the output amplitude to 10 Vpp 8191 corresponds to 5V and 8191 corresponds to 5V The maximum amplitude w
115. ill be limited if the data points do not span the full range of the output DAC Digital to Analog converter For example the built in sine wave does not use the full range of binary values between 1 and therefore its maximum amplitude is 6 087 Vpp into 50 ohms The DATA DAC command overwrites the previous waveform in volatile memory and no error will be generated Use the DATA COPY command to copy the waveform to non volatile memory The on volatile memory can store up to four user defined waveforms Use DATA CAT Command to list all waveforms stored in volatile and non volatile memory After downloading the waveform data to memory use the FUNC USER command to choose the active waveform and the FUNC USER command to output it The following statement shows how to use the DATA DAC command to download seven integer points using the binary block format 133 DATA DAC VOLATILE 214 The following statement shows how to use the DATA DAC command to download five integer points in decimal format DATA DAC VOLATILE 8191 4096 0 4096 8191 IEEE 488 2 Binary Block Format In the binary block format a block header precedes the data points The block header follows the format below 5 32768 starts the data block The second number represents the number of digits to follow and the third number represents the number of bytes to follow 32 768 bytes 16 384 points A waveform data point is represented as a 16 bit integer s
116. imum MAXimum UNIT ANGLe DEGree RADian TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal BUS TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative OUTPut TRIGger OFF ON BURSt STATe ON 4 14 Pattern Output In addition to defining arbitrary waveforms as described in Section 4 6 3400A waveform generator provides the capability of outputting a specified pattern of up to 256k points in 16 bit resolution Similar to 64 arbitrary waveforms pattern output provides five built in patterns and up to four user defined patterns that are stored in non volatile memory The built in patterns are exponential rise exponential fall negative ramp sinc and cardiac The default pattern output is an exponential rise wave User defined patterns 3400A supports user defined patterns You may use the Wavepatt waveform and pattern editor to create the patterns you want or import the waveforms from the oscilloscope that you captured previously For more information on the user defined patterns please refer to the on line help of Wavepatt How to set up pattern output 1 Press the Utility button to enter the utility menu 2 Press the softkey under PATT MODE to enter the PATTERN menu 3 Press the softkey under Fclk Perd to toggle between Fclk frequency and Perd period Refer to Section 3 4 for specifying the frequency period value 4 Press the softkey under Start Addr End Addr for setting the start end point of the patte
117. ion frequency amplitude offset This command allows you to append this query response to an APPL command in your programming application and use the result to place the waveform generator in the specified state BURSt MODE TRIGgered GATed Specify the burst mode The default is Triggered mode In the triggered mode the waveform generator outputs a waveform with specified number of cycles burst count each time a trigger is received from the specified trigger source In the gated mode the output waveform is either off based on the external signal level on the Ext Trig connector on the rear panel Use BURS GATE POL command to specify the polarity of Ext Trig connector on the rear panel When the gate signal is true the waveform generator outputs a continuous waveform When the gate signal is false the current waveform is complete and 128 the waveform generator stops while remaining at the voltage level corresponding to the starting burst phase of the selected waveform And the output stops immediately in a noise waveform when the gate signal is false The burst count burst period and trigger source are for triggered burst mode only BURSt MODE TRIG or GAT will be returned BURSt NCYCIes lt cycles INFinity MINimum MAXimum Specify the number of cycles to be output in each burst triggered burst mode only The range is from 1 to 50 000 cycles in 1 cycle increments and the default is 1 c
118. ion4SINusoid SQUare RAMP NRAMp TRIangle NOISe USER PWM INTernal FUNCtion PWM INTernal FREQuency 4 frequency MINimum MAXimum PWM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum 87 PWM DEViation lt deviation seconds gt MINimum MAXimum PWM DEViation MINimum MAXimum PWM DEViation DCYCle lt deviation in percent gt MINimum MAXimum PWM DEViation DCYCle MINimum MAXimum PWM SOURce INTernal EXTernal PWM SOURce PWM STATe OFF ON PWM STATe Sweeps Commands FREQuency STARt lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STARt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STOP frequency MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STOP MINimum MAXimum FREQuency CENTer lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency CENTer MINimum MAXimum FREQuency SPAN lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency SPAN MINimum MAXimum SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic SWEep SPACing SWEep TIME lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum SWEep TIME MINimum MAXimum SWEep STATe OFF ON SWEep STATe TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal BUS TRIGger SOURce TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative TRIGger SLOPe OUTPut TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative OUTPut TRIGger 51 OUTPut TRIGger OFF ON OUTPut TRIGger MARKer FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum MARKer FREQuency MINimum MAXimum MARKer OFF ON MARKer 88 Burst Commands BURSt MODE TRIGgered
119. is out of range and is adjusted 222 Data out of range frequency value clipped to The frequency is out of range and is adjusted 222 Data out of range user frequency value clipped to upper limit The frequency is out of range and is adjusted to the maximum value allowed due to selection of arbitrary waveform 222 Data out of range ramp frequency value clipped to upper limit The frequency is out of range and is adjusted to the maximum value allowed due to selection of ramp waveform 222 Data out of range pulse frequency value clipped to upper limit The frequency is out of range and is adjusted to the maximum value 104 allowed due to selection of pulse waveform 222 Data out of range burst period value clipped to The burst period is out of range and is adjusted 222 Data out of range burst count value clipped to The burst count is out of range and is adjusted 222 Data out of range burst period limited by length of burst value clipped to lower limit The burst period is too short to accommodate the burst count and frequency and is adjusted to the minimum value allowed 222 Data out of range burst count limited by length of burst value clipped to upper limit The burst count is out of range When the immediate trigger source is selected the burst count must be less than the product of the burst period and the waveform frequency 222 Data out of range amplitude value clipped to The amplitud
120. isplay is currently disabled this command will clear the message on the display but the display remains off F FM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP NRAMP TRIangle NOISe USER Specify the shape of the modulating waveform This applies only when the modulation source is Internal FM SOUR INT command Noise can be a modulating waveform but cannot be used as a carrier waveform neither do Pulse nor dc The default modulating waveform is a sine waveform FM INTernal FUNCtion Query the modulating function used in frequency modulation SIN SQU RAMP NRAM TRI NOIS or USER string indicating the modulating function will be returned Square waveform has 50 duty cycle Ramp waveform has 100 symmetry Triangle waveform has 50 symmetry Negative Ramp waveform has 0 symmetry If an Arbitrary USER waveform is chosen to be the modulating waveform it is automatically limited to 4k points Extra points are removed using decimation 137 FM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the frequency of the modulating waveform This applies only when the modulating source is internal The range is from 2 mHz to 20 kHz and the default is 10 Hz FM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Query the modulating frequency in frequency modulation The modulating waveform frequency in hertz will be returned FM DEViation peak deviation in hertz gt MINimum MAXimum Sp
121. its will be Vpp For arbitrary waveforms if the waveform data points do not span the full range of output DAC Digital to Analog Converter the maximum offset and amplitude will be limited Setting a high level and low level is another way to specify the output amplitude For instance you will have an amplitude of 5 Vpp with an associated offset voltage of 500 mV when you set your high level to 2 Vpp and low level to 3 Vpp e While changing amplitude you may notice a momentary disruption in the output waveform at certain voltages due to switching of the output attenuators The amplitude is controlled however so the output voltage will never exceed the current setting while switching ranges You may use the VOLT RANG AUTO command to disable the voltage autoranging to prevent this output disruption e output a dc voltage level select the dc voltage function using the FUNC DC command and then set the offset voltage level using the VOLT OFFS 165 command You can set the dc level to any value between 5 Vdc into 50 ohms or 10 Vdc into an open circuit VOLTage MINimum MAXimum Query the output amplitude for the current function The value is returned in the unit chosen by the VOLT UNIT command VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the dc offset voltage The default is O volts The minimum value is the most negative dc offset for the chosen function and amplitude and the maximum value is th
122. key under your desired location number to choose the location only 1 to 4 are available from front panel operation b You may specify a name for the selected memory location Use the numeric keypad and the knob with the cursor keys for entry c Press the Store State softkey to store the present setting in the memory or the Cancel softkey to cancel T1 CLA GE Off Stat Figure 4 20 75 3 To recall a saved state press the Recall State softkey to enter the recall state submenu a Press the softkey under your desired location number to recall the state from that memory location b Press the Recall State softkey to restore from the selected state in the memory or the Cancel softkey to cancel Output OTF Figure 4 21 4 To delete a saved state press the Del State softkey to enter the delete state submenu a Press the softkey under your desired location number for deletion b Press the Delete State softkey to delete the selected state or the Cancel softkey to cancel Output 112345678901 Figure 4 22 5 To set the power on state i e the instrument state restored when the waveform generator is powered on press the Power On softkey to enter the power on state submenu a Press the softkey under your desired location number or the softkey under State Def factory default b Make sure your selection is present under the Power On softkey 12345678901 State St
123. l signal for modulation 1f using an external signal for PWM connect the signal to the rear panel BNC and use the command PWM SOURce EXTernal viPrintf vi PWM STATe ON n Turn PWM modulation on viPrintf vi OUTPut ON n Turn on the instrument output viClose vi viClose defaultRM Visual Basic Learn how to create and use ARRAY IOUtils components controls data access and more with the Visual Basic sample applications For an overview and installation details see Visual Basic Explore the Samples Visual C In an MFC application you can override ARRAY IOUtils interfaces in a class as well as provide additional interfaces The example in this article illustrates how to override an interface in a class while preserving the original interface implementation so that it can be delegated to by the 180 new interface implementation Browse the Visual C samples code see Visual C DEVQUERY Sample Application Using MEASure for a Single Measurement The following example uses the MEASure command to make a single ac current measurement This is the easiest way to program the multimeter for measurements However MEASure does not offer much flexibility The example is shown in Visual Basic Creating the Application Create a new Visual Basic project as follows 1 Create a new Standar EXE project 2 To set the startup object for a Windows Application to Sub Main 3 Add New Module and declare a Sub Main
124. lection in arbitrary function One may toggle the Mod key to see the arbitrary modulating waveform message that temporarily displayed on the screen b Press the softkey under FM Freq and use numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys to set the desired modulating frequency 6 Press the softkey under FreqDev to set the frequency deviation if needed Use numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys to enter your value 46 7 Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Remote interface operation Use these commands to output a frequency modulation waveform FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMp USER FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum FM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMp NRAMp TRIangle NOISe USER FM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FM DEViation lt peak deviation in Hz gt MINimum MAXimum FM SOURce INTernal EXTernal FM STATe ON Notes e Only one type of modulation can be activated at one time When frequency modulation is enabled the previously selected modulation is automatically disabled e Frequency modulation cannot be enabled with sweep or burst mode at the same time When frequency modulation is enabled sweep or burst mode will be disabled 4 9 Phase Modulation Phase modulation provides a waveform in which the phase of the carrier waveform varies with the m
125. llow step 4 to enter your desired value for both edges 6 Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Output Off 1 00 000 kHz A 129 Width Perd High Low Duty Tine Figure 4 5 Remote interface operation APPLy PULSe lt frequency gt lt amplitude lt offset Or use the following commands for setting parameters of your pulse waveform FUNCtion PULSe FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum PULSe PERiod lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe WIDTh lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum gt FUNCtion PULSe DCYCle percent MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe TRANsition lt percent gt MINimum MAXimum 4 6 Arbitrary Waveform 3400A waveform generator provides five built in arbitrary waveforms and up to four user defined arbitrary waveforms that are stored in non volatile memory The built in waveforms are exponential rise 39 exponential fall negative ramp sinc and cardiac The default arbitrary waveform is an exponential rise wave For each user defined waveform one may create up to 262 144 256k points from the remote interface If you choose an arbitrary waveform as the modulating waveform for AM FM PM or PWM the waveform is automatically limited to 4k points and the extra points will be removed by decimation User defined wavefor
126. memory used to store calibration constant 314 Save recall memory lost memory corruption detected A checksum error was detected in the non volatile memory used to store instrument states 315 Configuration memory lost memory corruption detected A checksum error was detected in the non volatile memory used to store configuration settings 350 Queue overflow More than 20 errors were found and the error queue was full 107 7 4 Query Errors 410 Query INTERRUPTED A command was received but the output buffer contained data from a previous command the previous data is lost 420 Query UNTERMINATED A query command was sent to read the output buffer over the interface but no such command that generates data to the output buffer was previously sent for execution 430 Query DEADLOCKED An executed command generated too much data for the output buffer and the input buffer is also full The command continues to execute but the data is lost 440 Query UNTERMINATED after indefinite response The IDN command must be the last query command within a series of commands in a command string 7 5 Instrument Errors 501 Cross isolation UART framing error 502 Cross isolation UART overrun error Internal hardware failure 580 Reference phase locked loop is unlocked The PHAS UNL ERR STAT has been turned on and the internal phase locked loop is currently unlocked 7 6 Self Test Errors 621 Self test failed square wave threshold
127. ms 14 bits 125 MSa s 256 k point arbitrary waveforms Pulse ramp noise and dc waveforms AM FM PM FSK and PWM modulation types Linear and logarithmic sweeps and burst operation Built in external timebase 10MHz 500Hz synchronization 16 bits pattern out with a synchronized clock up to 50MHz 1 Connection via USB LAN and GPIB optional Graph mode for visual verification of signal settings Store up to 4 waveforms in nonvolatile memory Easy to use shortcut keys and knobs Free and easy to use PC applications Note Full 3400A specifications are included in Appendix A 2 Warranty Information If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Warranty ARRAY CORP guarantees that this product meets its published specifications Under correct installation it should work as expected Warranty Period This equipment is warranted against defects in material and manufacturing for a period of one year from the date of shipment During the warranty period ARRAY is responsible for necessary repairs as long as the product can be proved to be defective For warranty service or repair this product must be returned to a service facility designated by ARRAY Please contact your local service representative for further assistance Excluded Items This warranty does not include consumptive parts such as fuses buttons and rela
128. ms 3400A supports user definded waveforms You may use the Wavepatt waveform and pattern editor to create the waveforms you want or import the waveforms from the oscilloscope that you captured previously For more information on the user defined waveforms please refer to the on line help of Wavepatt How to output a built in arbitrary waveform 1 Press the Arb button to choose arbitrary waveform output 2 Press the softkey under Select Wform and then the softkey under Built In 3 Choose the desired waveform from the five built ins by pressing the corresponding softkey 4 Refer to Chapter 3 for configuring frequency period amplitude and dc offset voltage 5 Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Output Off Aw ios Perd High Law PO Figure 4 6 Output Off EZ Exp Ris Fall Ramp Sinc Card Cancel Figure 4 7 40 Built store In Worm Figure 4 8 Remote interface operation FUNCtion USER EXP_RISE EXP_FALL NEG_RAMP SINC CARDIAC Remote interface operation DATA DAC VOLATILE lt binary block gt lt value gt lt value gt DATA VOLATILE lt value gt lt value gt FORMat BORDer NORMal SWAPped DATA COPY lt destination arb name gt VOLATILE DATA CATalog DATA NVOLatile CATalog DATA NVOLatile FREE DATA ATTRibute AVERage lt arb name gt DATA ATTRibute CFACtor lt arb name gt DATA ATTRibute POINts lt arb name gt
129. n 67 DIGital PATTern FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Set the frequency of the pattern 1uHz 50MHz DIGital FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Inquire and gain the minimum or maximum frequency of the pattern DIGital PATTern STARt lt address gt MINimum MAXimum Set the start address min 1 of the pattern DIGital PATTern STARt MINimum MAXimum Inquire and gain the start address of the pattern DIGital PATTern STOP lt address gt MINimum MAXimum Set the end address of the pattern DIGital PATTern STOP MINimum MAXimum Inquire and gain the end address of the pattern DIGital PATTern REPeat ON OFF Set the pattern repeat again yes ON or no OFF DIGital PATTern REPeat Inquire and gain the pattern out status repeated or not DIGital PATTern CLOCk POS NEG Set the latching data clock of the pattern to be a positive rising edge or a negative falling edge DIGital PATTern CLOCk Inquire and gain the latch data clock status of the pattern in positive rising or negative falling edge DIGital PATTern TRIGger SOURce EXT BUS Set the trigger source of the pattern such as from EXT or BUS Please note that there is no IMM internal trigger DIGital PATTern TRIGger SOURce Inquire and gain the trigger source of the pattern 68 DIGital PATTern TRIGger SLOPe POS NEG Set the Trigger slope of the pattern to be a positive rising edge ora negative
130. n period is greater than 1000s The waveform generator adjusts the pulse duty cycle when needed to accommodate the specified pulse period From the remote interface a Data out of range error is generated and the pulse duty cycle is adjusted e The specified pulse duty cycle may affect the edge time The waveform generator adjusts the edge time first and then the duty cycle if necessary to accommodate the period From the remote interface a Data out 144 of range error is generated and the duty cycle and edge time will be restricted as below Duty cycle 100 x 1 6x Edge time Period And Duty cycle 100 x 1 1 6x Edge time Period Among the pulse width and pulse duty cycle the FUNC PULS HOLD command determines which of them is to be held and it affects this function when the waveform generator adjusts the period FUNCtion PULSe DCYCle MINimum MAXimum Query the pulse duty cycle The duty cycle in percent will be returned FUNCtion PULSe TRANsition seconds MINimum MAXimum Specify the edge time in seconds for both the rising and the falling edges The edge time represents the time from the 10 threshold to 90 threshold of each edge The range for edge time is from 5 ns to 100 ns and the default is 5 ns The minimum value is 5 ns and the maximum value is 100 ns The specified edge time must fit within the specified pulse width as shown below The waveform generator will adjust the edge
131. nd the country domain tw The host name and names of its domains are concatenated with the period in the full domain name of the host DNS Server DNS Domain Name Service is an internet service that translates a domain name into IP address The DNS server address is the IP address of the server 82 that provides this service The setting is stored in non volatile memory so it is not affected by power cycle or the remoter interface reset command How to set up LAN interface 1 Press the Utility button and then the softkey under I O 2 Press the softkey under LAN to enter the LAN submenu You have the options to set up IP address and related parameters under the IP Setup softkey DNS configuration under the DNS Setup softkey or to view the current LAN configuration under the Current Config softkey IP Setup Submenu 3 Press IP Setup softkey to enter the submenu 4 DHCP a Press the softkey under DHCP to toggle between DHCP OFF and DHCP ON With DHCP OFF you need to enter IP address subnet mask and default gateway as the steps shown below With DHCP ON all these settings will be automatically obtained from the DHCP server 5 IP Address a If DHCP is off press the softkey under IP Addr to set an IP address Use only the numeric keys to enter an IP address Press the softkey under Enter to finish the entry or the softkey under Cancel to withdraw the changes 6 Subnet Mask a If DHCP is o
132. o use the APPLy command to select the function frequency amplitude and offset in one shot Notes e Frequency limitation When the newly selected function has a smaller maximum frequency the waveform generator will automatically adjust the frequency from the old value to the new smaller maximum value e Amplitude limitation When the newly selected function has a smaller maximum amplitude the waveform generator will automatically adjust the amplitude from the old value to the new smaller maximum value This may occur when the output units are Vrms or dBm due to the differences in crest factor for the various output functions 3 4 To Set Output Frequency Period The current frequency setting comes from the factory default or a previously set value The steps for setting a new frequency are listed below If you need to set the period instead press the Freq Perd softkey to toggle between frequency and period Output Off kHz Bron NET Ferd High Low metry Figure 3 3 frequency setting Output Off BEJOYTORTUT 2N B Ea Sym Perc Figure 3 4 Period setting 21 Front panel Operation 1 2 Select your desired function by pressing one of the function keys Press the softkey under Freq Perd and make sure Freq is highlighted indicating the frequency mode is selected Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value
133. odulating waveform Carrier Waveform The default carrier waveform is sine One may also choose from square ramp and arbitrary waveforms but not pulse noise and dc waveforms The default carrier frequency is 1 kHz for all waveforms Each carrier waveform has its own acceptable range of frequencies Refer to the table in Section 3 4 To Set Output Frequency Period for details Modulating Waveform 3400A accepts either internal or external modulating source but not both 47 at the same time The default source is internal and the default internal modulating waveform is sine wave For internal source one may also choose from square with 50 duty cycle URamp Up or Positive ramp with 100 symmetry DRamp Down or Negative ramp with 0 symmetry triangle ramp with 50 symmetry noise and arbitrary waveforms If an arbitrary waveform is chosen the number of points in the waveform is limited to 4k points with an automatic decimation process The default frequency for internal modulating waveform is 10Hz and the acceptable range is from 2 mHz to 20 kHz When external source is selected the carrier waveform is modulated with an external waveform present at the Modulation In connector the rear panel Phase Deviation The phase deviation represents the peak variation in the phase of the modulation output based on that of the carrier waveform The range of the phase deviation is from O to 360 degrees and the default is 180 degree
134. oes not exist will be generated DATA ATTRibute CFACtor arb name Query the crest factor of all data points for the specified waveform The crest factor represents the ratio of the peak value to the RMS value of the waveform The default waveform is the currently active one FUNC USER command If you 135 query a waveform which is not stored in memory an error Specified arb waveform does not exist will be generated DATA ATTRibute POINts lt arb name gt Query the number of data points for the specified waveform A value from 1 to 65 536 will be returned The default waveform is the currently active one FUNC USER command If you query a waveform which is not stored in memory an error Specified arb waveform does not exist will be generated DATA ATTRibute PTPeak arb name Query the peak to peak value of all data points for the specified waveform The default waveform is the currently active one FUNC USER command A value from 0 to 741 0 will be returned 1 0 indicates a full amplitude The maximum amplitude will be limited if the data points do not span the full range of the output DAC Digital to Analog converter For example the built in sine wave does not use the full range of binary values between 1 and therefore its maximum amplitude is 6 087 Vpp into 50 ohms If you query a waveform which is not stored in memory an error Specified arb waveform does not exist will be generated DI
135. on 3 6 To Set DC Offset Voltage The default DC offset voltage is 0 volt for all functions To specify a non zero DC offset value follow the steps below Front panel Operation 1 Select your desired function by pressing one of the function keys 2 Press the softkey under Vos Low and make sure Vos is highlighted Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value DC offset setting can also be changed from the Utility menu 1 Press the Utility button 2 Press the softkey under DC to toggle between DC ON and OFF Make sure ON is selected on the display Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value Remote Interface Operation VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXImum Notes e Specifying a high voltage level and a low level Section 3 7 is equivalent to specifying amplitude Section 3 5 and DC offset For example if you set the high level to 2 volts and the low level to 3 volts the resulting amplitude will be 5 Vpp with DC offset at 0 5 25 Output Off BEES Ferd High Low Figure 3 8 Limits with amplitude and output termination DC offset value is constrained by the equation below Vpp 2 where Vmax is the maximum peak voltage allowed for the lt Vmax selected output termination 5 volts for a 50 Q load or 10 volts for a high impedance load If the specified dc offset is not valid the waveform generator automatically adjust
136. on 2 Refer to Chapter 3 for configuring common parameters including frequency period amplitude and dc offset voltage 3 Press the softkey under DutyCycle for configuring the value 4 Use the knob with the cursor keys to change the value or 5 Use the numeric keypad to enter a desired value and then press the softkey under to finish the entry or the softkey under Cancel to cancel the changes 6 To view all the waveform parameters press the Graph button Output Off 1 900 000 kHz Perd High Low Figure 4 2 Remote interface operation APPLy SQUare lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt or FUNCtion SQUare FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion SQUare DCYCle lt percent gt MINimum MAXimum Notes e The default value for duty cycle is 50 and will be restored after power off or a remote interface reset as the setting is stored in 34 volatile memory When you change the output function from square wave to another the previously set duty cycle is remembered and will be resumed when square wave is re selected For square waves with frequency higher than 10 MHz the range of the duty cycle is from 40 to 60 and for square waves with lower frequency the range of the duty cycle is from 20 to 80 If you change frequency to a new value with which
137. on AM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum AM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum AM DEPTh depth in percent MINimum MAXimum AM DEPTh MINimum MAXimum AM SOURce INTernal EXTernal AM SOURce AM STATe OFF AM STATe Frequency Modulation Commands FM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP NRAMp TRIangle NOISe USER FM INTernal FUNCtion FM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum 86 FM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum FM DEViation lt peak deviation in Hz gt MINimum MAXimum FM DEViation MINimum MAXimum FM SOURce INTernal EXTernal FM SOURce FM STATe OFF ON FM STATe Phase Modulation Commands PM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP NRAMp TRIangle NOISe USER PM INTernal FUNCtion PM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency MINimum MAXimum PM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum PM DEViation 4 peak deviation in Hz MINimum MAXimum PM DEViation MINimum MAXimum PM SOURce INTernal EXTernal PM SOURce PM STATe OFF ON PM STATe FSK Commands FSKey FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FSKey FREQuency MINimum MAXimum FSKey INTernal RATE lt rate in Hz MINimum MAXimum FSKey INTernal RATE MINimum MAXimum FSKey SOURce INTernal EXTernal FSKey SOURce FSKey STATe OFF FSKey STATe PWM Commands PWM INTernal FUNCt
138. on and a semicolon to link commands from different subsystems For example in the following command string an error is generated if you do not use both the colon and semicolon BURS STATe ON TRIG SOUR EXT B 1 3 Using the MIN and MAX Parameters You may put MINimum or MAXimum in place of a parameter for many commands For example consider the following command FREQuency STARt lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Instead of specifying a specific frequency value you may use MIN to set the frequency to its minimum value or MAX to its maximum value B 1 4 Querying Parameter Settings You can query the current value of a parameter by adding a question mark to the command For example the following command sets the start frequency to 5000 Hz STAR 5000 You can query the start frequency by executing STAR 122 You can also query the minimum or maximum start frequency allowed for the current waveform function as follows STAR MIN STAR MAX Caution e If you send two query commands without reading the response from the first then when you attempt to read the response you may receive some data from the first response followed by the complete second response To avoid this do not send a query command without reading the response When you cannot avoid this situation send a device clear before sending the second query command B 1 5 SCPI Command Terminators A command string sent to the multimeter must terminat
139. or that was stored 3400A beeps once each time an error occurs and the ERROR annunciator is lit whenever there are error messages in the error queue Only when all the errors in the queue are read the ERROR annunciator is turned off Should more than 20 errors have existed the last error stored in the queue the most recent error is replaced with 350 Queue Overflow No additional errors are saved until errors are read and cleared from the queue If there is no error in the error queue the waveform generator responds with 0 No Error The error queue is cleared with a power cycle or a CLS clear status command The RST reset command does not clear the error queue How to read error messages 5 Press the Help button to enter the help topic selection 6 Use the up and down softkeys to scroll the topic selection until View remote command error queue is highlighted N Press the softkey under Select to display the error messages 92 Press the softkey under DONE to leave the help topics Remote interface operation 94 Use this command to read one error from the error queue SYSTem ERRor Use this command to clear all the errors in the error queue CES 7 1 Command Errors 101 Invalid character An invalid character was detected in the command string 102 Syntax error Invalid syntax was detected in the command string 103 Invalid separator An invalid separator was detected in the comman
140. ou for using the 3400A waveform generator You may want to check if you have all the parts with your waveform generator first All our products are handled and inspected professionally before shipping out to our customers If you find any damaged missing parts or have any doubts about the product please contact your local service representative immediately and do not attempt to operate the damaged product 2 1 To Adjust the Handle You may adjust the carrying handle to suit your needs The following figures show you how to do it I Taking off the handle from the Waveform generator Step 1 Turn up the handle Pull slightly outward on both sides of the handle and slowly rotate it up as shown in Figure 2 1 Figure 2 1 Step 2 Pull out the handle When the handle is turned up to 90 pull out the handle from the waveform generator as shown in Figure 2 2 Figure 2 2 II Adjusting the position for your convenience Here are some example positions for different needs Position 1 The default position is for packing as shown in Figure 2 3 Figure 2 3 13 Position 2 The adjusted position is for operation as shown in Figure 2 4 Figure 2 4 Position 3 The carrying position is shown in Figure 2 5 9 09 9 9090090 999 20009000200090902000 905959569959 o
141. ow The application you are going to build today will have a number of controls on a dialog window as shown in Figure C 1 When the user selects clicks the Start Readings button t the routine that sets up the meter will run Setup 3400A to return an SRQ event when readings are complete Start Readings FIGURE D 1 The application will use a number of standard controls TABLE D 1 PROPERTY SETTINGS FOR THE CONTROLS ON THE APPLICATION DIALOG Object Property Setting Command Button Name cmdSetIO 184 Object Command Button Command Button Label Label TextBox TextBox Timer LISTING D 3 THE SRQFetch FUNCTION Property Caption Name Caption Name Caption Name Caption Name Caption Name Name MultiLine Timerl Interval Enabled Dim 3400A As New IOUtils Dim statusValue As Byte Dim numberReadings As Private Sub cmdClose Click Unload Me End Sub Private Sub cmdSetIO Click Set the io control address to the text box address we do this so the user can change address in text box and it will be reflected in the dialog GPIBO 10 INSTR txtAddress Text txtAddress Text 3400A Connect Long Command Button 1 Command Button 2 Setting Set I O cmdStartReading Start Readings cmdClose Close lblAddress Address Data txtAddress txtData True tmrPollForSRQ 1000 False Put the address from the communication dialog in text box
142. owed 222 Data out of range pulse edge time limited by period value clipped to upper limit The specified edge time does not conform within the existing period and is adjusted to the maximum value allowed 222 Data out of range pulse width time limited by period value clipped to The specified pulse width does not conform to the following condition and is adjusted to accommodate the period PulseWidth lt Period 1 6 x EdgeTime 222 Data out of range pulse duty cycle limited by period value clipped to The specified duty cycle does not conform to the following condition and is adjusted to accommodate the period DutyCycle lt 1 1 6 x Edge time Period x 100 103 222 Data out of range large period limits minimum pulse width The minimum pulse width for pulse waves with period larger than 10 s is larger Refer to the table of minimum pulse width in Section 4 5 for details 222 Data out of range pulse edge time limited by width value clipped to The specified pulse edge time does not conform to the following condition and is adjusted to accommodate the pulse width EdgeTime lt 0 625 x PulseWidth 222 Data out of range pulse edge time limited by duty cycle value clipped to The specified pulse edge time does not conform to the following condition and is adjusted to accommodate the duty cycle EdgeTime lt 0 625 x Period x DutyCycle 222 Data out of range period value clipped to The pulse period
143. patible square waveform with the specified edge is 152 output from the Ext Trig connector on the rear panel at the beginning of the sweep or burst OUTPut TRIGger 70 or 1 indicating the trigger out signal state will be returned P to Z P PHASe lt angle gt MINimum MAXimum Adjust the phase offset of the output waveform in degrees or radians as specified by the previous UNIT ANGL command not available for pulse and noise The range is form 360 degrees to 360 degrees or 2 to 211 radians The default is 0 degrees e The specified phase adjustment causes a bump or hop in the output waveform in order to change the phase relationship to the external signal to which it is currently locked e The phase adjustment for phase lock applications is independent of the burst phase as set by the BURS PHAS command PHASe MINimum MAXimum Query the phase offset in degree or radians PHASe REFerence Set the zero phase reference point immediately without changing the output This command changes the phase reference only and it does not change the phase offset as set with the PHAS command PHASe UNLock ERRor STATe OFF ON Disable or enable the waveform generator to generate an error when the phase lock is lost The default is off When the error is enabled and the phase lock is lost a Reference phase lock loop is unlocked error will be generated The error setting is cleared after
144. peration Use this command for output termination setting OUTPut LOAD lt ohms gt INFinity MINimum MAXimum Notes e The range for Output Termination is from 1 ohm to 10k ohms or Infinite The default is 50 ohms e The output termination setting is stored in non volatile memory and it stays after power off or a remote interface reset e When the output termination is set to be high impedance the units is automatically set to be Vpp if dBm is previously selected 3 10 To Enable Disable Voltage Autoranging The waveform generator by default turns on autoranging at power on and finds optimal settings for the output amplifier and attenuators If autoranging is turned off 3400A uses the current amplifier and attenuator settings To enable disable voltage autoranging follow the steps below 28 Front panel Operation 1 Press the Utility button and then the softkey under Output Setup 2 Press the softkey under Rang to toggle between Auto and Hold for auto ranging setting 3 Press the softkey under DONE to finish the selection Figure 3 11 Remote Interface Operation VOLTage RANGe AUTO OFF ON ONCE Notes e While changing amplitude you may notice a momentary disruption in the output waveform at certain voltages due to switching of the output attenuators You may use disable the voltage autoranging to prevent this output disruption e With auto ranging off the resolution and accuracy of amplitude and offset may be affect
145. r a remote reset command is issued For Sine ramp and pulse waveforms the Sync signal is a square waveform with a 50 duty cycle The Sync signal is a TTL high when the waveform output is positive relative to zero volts discard the dc offset setting The Sync signal is a TTL low when the waveform output is negative relative to zero volts discard the dc offset setting For Square waveforms the Sync signal is a square waveform with the same duty cycle For arbitrary waveforms the Sync signal is a square waveform with a 50 duty cycle The Sync signal is a TTL high when the first waveform point is outputted For internal modulated AM FM PM and PWM the Sync signal is aligned with the modulating waveform and is a square wave with a 50 duty cycle The Sync signal is a TTL high during the first half of the modulating waveform For external modulated AM FM and PWM the Sync signal is aligned with the carrier waveform and is a square wave with a 50 duty cycle For FSK the Sync signal is aligned with shifts in frequency The Sync signal is a TTL high during the output of the hop frequency and low during that of the carrier frequency For frequency sweeps with Marker Off the Sync signal is a square wave with a 50 duty cycle The Sync signal is a TTL high in the first half of the sweep and low in the second half The frequency of the sync signal is equal to the reciprocal
146. r queue will not be cleared by the RST command but be cleared when the waveform generator is turned off Refer to Chapter 7 for more details about the error queue and error messages How to read error messages 1 Press the Help button to enter the help topic selection 2 Use the up and down softkeys to scroll the topic selection until View remote command error queue is highlighted 3 Press the softkey under Select to display the error messages 4 Press the softkey under DONE to leave the help topics Remote interface operation Use this command to read one error from the error queue SYSTem ERRor Use this command to clear all the errors in the error queue CLS 5 7 Calibration You need a security code to calibrate or perform self test on the waveform generator Front panel operation 1 Press the Utility button and then the softkey under System to enter the system related submenu 2 Press the softkey under Test Cal Enter your security code by using the numeric keypad 79 Remote Interface Operations 3400A supports three remote interfaces USB LAN and GPIB IEEE 488 For GPIB you will need an additional GPIB interface card installed This chapter describes the operations for setting up these remote interfaces and lists the SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instrument commands available to control the waveform generator remotely For first time SCPI users refer to Appendix B for the introduc
147. ration For instance the name of the person who did the calibration the date of the last calibration or the date of next scheduled calibration This information is stored in non volatile memory and newly recorded message will overwrite the previous one CALibration STRing Query the information about the calibration Return a quoted string CALibration VALue value Specify the value of the known calibration signal used by the calibration procedure CALibration VALue Query the present calibration value Return a number in the form of 1 0000000000000E 01 sa DATA VOLATILE value value Download floating point values from 1 to 1 into volatile memory You can download from 1 to 65 536 points per waveform The waveform generator takes the specified number of points and expands them to fill waveform memory If the specified number is less than 16 384 the waveform generator automatically generates a waveform with 16 384 points and if the specified number is more than 16 384 a waveform with 65 536 points will be generated The values 1 and 1 correspond to the peak values of the waveform when the offset is zero volts maximum amplitude will be limited if the data points do not span the full range of the output DAC Digital to Analog Converter DATA command overwrites the previous waveforms in volatile memory If you need to save it use DATA COPY command to copy the waveform to non volat
148. requency is 1 kHz for all waveforms Each carrier waveform has its own acceptable range of frequencies Refer to the table in Section 3 4 To Set Output Frequency Period for details Modulating Waveform 3400A accepts either internal or external modulating source but not both at the same time The default source is internal and the only choice is square wave with a 50 duty cycle When external source is selected the carrier waveform is modulated with an external waveform present at the Trig In connector on the rear panel The Trig In connector does not have adjustable edge polarity when used in FSK Hop Frequency The default is 100Hz for all functions Each carrier waveform has its own acceptable range of allowable hop frequency as follows e Sine 1 2 to 50 MHz at carrier frequency 1 2 e Square 1yHz to 25 MHz at carrier frequency 2 e Ramp 1 2 to 200 kHz at carrier frequency 1 2 e Arbitrary 1uHz to 10 MHz at carrier frequency 2 When external source is selected as the source of modulating waveform the modulation is controlled by the signal level of the external waveform 50 When the external waveform is at the logic low level the carrier frequency is outputted When a logic high is present the hop frequency is outputted FSK Rate This is the rate at which the output frequency shifts between the carrier frequency and the hop frequency when internal source is selected The def
149. ric keypad or the knob 3 Press the softkey under DONE to finish the entry 6 1 3 LAN Interface You need to set up a few parameters before you can use the LAN Local Area Network interface Contact your network administrator to obtain the correct LAN settings for your waveform generator These settings and the corresponding configurations are described below IP Address An IP address is a unique identifier assigned to a device in the network It is expressed the dot notation nnn nnn nnn nnn where nnn is a byte value from to 255 The value is stored in non volatile memory so it is not affected by power cycle or the remoter interface reset command If DHCP is used the device will automatically obtain an IP address from the DHCP server in the network If 3400A fails to get an IP address from DHCP the current IP address setting will be used Subnet Mask Networking administrator uses subnetting to divide a network so that the network traffic is well distributed and the administration process is simplified The subnet mask represents the portion of the host address to be used to identify the subnet For example the subnet mask 255 255 255 0 for a host IP address 10 10 3 101 indicates that the host belongs to the subnet of hosts addressed from 10 10 3 1 to 10 10 3 254 10 10 3 0 and 10 10 3 255 are reserved for special purposes The subnet mask setting is stored in non volatile memory so it is not affected by power cycle or the
150. rk with frequency sweep 54 Sweep Mode The default sweep mode is linear where the waveform generator sweeps the frequency with spacing calculated in a linear function In logarithmic sweep mode the waveform generator sweeps with spacing calculated in a logarithmic function Start Frequency and Stop Frequency The waveform generator begins sweeping from the start frequency to the stop frequency The waveform generator will sweep down when the start frequency is greater than the stop frequency The waveform generator will sweep up when the stop frequency is greater than the start frequency The default start frequency is 100 Hz and the stop frequency is 1 kHz The allowable range is 1 2 to 50 MHz for sine 1 uHz to 25 MHz square 1 uHz to 200 kHz for ramp and 1 uHz to 10 MHz for arbitrary waveforms Center Frequency and Frequency Span Center frequency and frequency span provide another way to set the frequency sweep range The default center frequency is 550 Hz The allowable range is 1 uHz to 50 MHz for sine 1 uHz to 25 MHz for square 1 2 to 200 kHz for ramp and 1 uHz to 10 MHz for arbitrary waveforms The default frequency span is 900 Hz The allowable range of the frequency span is depending on center frequency setting and waveform selection Set positive frequency span for sweeping up and negative frequency span for sweeping down Sweep Time The sweep time is the period of time in seconds required to sweep from the s
151. rn to output Use the knob with the cursor keys to change the value Or use the numeric keypad to enter a new value and then press the softkey under Enter to finish the entry or the softkey under Cancel to withdraw the changes 5 Press the softkey under RPT to toggle between ON and OFF to enable disable repeating output of the pattern 6 Press the softkey under Select Pattern to enter selection menu a Press the softkey under Built In and choose the desired pattern from the five built ins by pressing the corresponding softkey b Press the softkey under Store Wform and choose the desired user defined pattern by pressing the corresponding softkey c One may delete a user defined pattern by pressing the softkey under Delete Store and choose the pattern to delete by pressing the corresponding softkey 7 To configure the trigger setting press the softkey under Trig Setup to enter the trigger setup menu 65 a To specify the trigger source press the softkey under Src and then select among Ext external and Man manual b If manual trigger is selected you may configure the trigger out signal by pressing the softkey under Trig Out and then select among OFF rising edge trigger and falling edge trigger c If external source is selected you may press the softkey under Slope to toggle between rising edge trigger and falling edge trigger d Press the softkey under DONE to finish the trigger setting Pattern Out This is a parallel
152. rst The trigger out signal is not available in the externally triggered burst mode as an external trigger signal is applied to the same Ext Trig connector With internal trigger source the trigger out signal is a square waveform with 50 duty cycle With manual trigger source the trigger out signal is a pulse with pulse width gt 1 us How to set up burst output 1 Press one of the function buttons to select the burst waveform dc is not allowed and noise is allowed only in the gated burst mode 62 2 Refer to Section 3 4 for specifying the waveform frequency for the selected function 3 Press the Burst button to toggle the burst mode 4 Press the N Cyc Gated softkey to toggle between the triggered burst mode and the external gated mode Make sure that your selection is highlighted Burst Gated Inf Figure 4 16 Triggered burst mode 1 Press the Cyc Inf softkey to toggle between finite and infinite burst count e To set finite burst count make sure Cyc is highlighted Then set the burst count using the numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys e To set infinite burst count press the Cyc Inf softkey to toggle and make sure Inf is highlighted 2 Press the Start Phase softkey and enter the desired phase using numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys 3 Press the Trig Setup softkey to enter the triggering setup menu To select a trigger source press the Src softk
153. s When external source is selected as the source of modulating waveform the modulation is controlled by the specified phase deviation and the 5v levels of the external waveform When the external waveform is at 5v the output will reach positive maximum phase deviation e g 180 degree phase shift if the specified phase deviation is 180 degrees When the external waveform is at 5v the output will reach negative maximum phase deviation e g 180 degree phase shift if the specified phase deviation is 180 degrees How to set up phase modulation 1 Press one of the following function buttons to choose your carrier waveform Sine Square Ramp Arb Specify all the necessary waveform parameters for the carrier waveform as described in Section 4 1 4 2 4 3 and 4 6 48 Figure 4 11 2 Press the Mod button to toggle the modulation output 3 Press the softkey under Type and press the softkey under PM to select phase modulation A phase modulation output will be generated with the current parameters 4 Press the softkey under Src to toggle between internal source Int and external source Ext for selecting modulating waveform source 5 If internal source is selected a Press the softkey under Shape to toggle between different types of modulating waveform If arbitrary waveform Arb is selected as modulating signal source the modulating signal source is depending on the previous waveform selection in arbitrary function
154. s it to the maximum value allowed with the specified amplitude Arbitrary Waveforms Limitations For arbitrary waveforms if the waveform data points do not span the full range of output DAC Digital to Analog Converter the maximum offset and amplitude will be limited For dc volts the output level is actually controlled by setting the offset voltage You can set the dc level to any value between 5 Vdc into 50 ohms or 10 Vdc into an open circuit 3 7 To Set High Level and Low Level Bounds Setting high level and low level bounds provides an equivalent way to specifying amplitude and DC offset The procedure is as follows Front panel Operation 1 Select your desired function by pressing one of the function keys 2 Press the softkey under Ampl High to toggle and make sure the High is highlighted Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value Press the softkey under Vos Low to toggle and make sure Low is highlighted Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value 26 4 See Figure 3 6 and Figure 3 7 as sample displays Remote Interface Operation VOLTage HIGH lt voltage gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage LOW lt voltage gt MINimum MAXimum 3 8 To Set Waveform Polarity The default waveform polarity mode is Normal in which the waveform goes positive during the first part of the wave cycle One may change it to the Inverted mode where the waveform goes negative during
155. s message It is designed to be used to return the waveform generator to a responsive state Different programming languages and IEEE 488 interface cards provide their own special commands to perform this function The status registers the error queue and all configuration states are left intact when a device clear is performed In particular device clear performs the following actions 170 The input and output buffers are cleared An overlapped command if any will be terminated without Operation Complete indication applies to the TRG command Any sweep or burst in progress will be immediately aborted Get the waveform generator ready to accept a new command string 171 General Specifications item Limitation amp description Power Supply Voltage 100V 240V 50Hz 60Hz 100V 120V 400Hz Power Requirements 50 VA Maximum Operating Humidity 1 0 C 3096RH 3 23 C 4096 RH 5 35 C 8096 RH 2 18 40 4 28 40 6 50 30 Operating Environment 0 to 55 Storage Temperature 40 C to 70 Operating Altitude Up to 2000m Bench Dimensions WxHxD 224mm x 107mm x 380mm Weight 4 08 kg Safety IEC61010 1 2001 EN61010 1 2001 274 Edition UL61010 1 2004 EMC EN61326 1997 A1 1998 A2 2001 A3 2003 EMI CISPR 11 1997 A1 1999 A2 2002 Class A IEC61000 3 2 2000 IEC61000 3 3 1994 A1 2001 EMS IEC61000 4 2 1995 A1 1998 A2
156. se To illustrate the use of the automation layer in a program without the use of smart COM pointers In general I would advise using smart pointers but this example will allow the use of the automation layer without them Note that this is a program and not C that is we use class structures however it is bare bones in the sense we use COM calls directly and no smart pointers standard include for a Microsoft Visual C project include stdio h 188 for include windows h include comdef h This is the Automation object COM class It contains the IIOManger interface below const CLSID CLSID_ARRAYIOUtils OxCF1DC41A 0x5E37 0x455E 0xA3 0 88 0 17 0xB9 0x20 0x14 0x04 0xB1 The IIO allows the opening of a device using its address in the ConnectToInstrument function The IO class above exports this COM interface Continued on next page The IIO function ConnectToInstrument will return the IIO interface this is an instance of the instrument const IID IID IOUtils 0x3E0AC3A2 0xB527 0x4741 0x8D 0x3E 0x83 0xC8 0x13 0x59 0xA5 0xC6 The following are the definitions needed to program the instrument They can be placed in a header file for but are shown here to allow ease of perusal ROK K K k k kk k k KK kk Ck Ck kk k k Kk Ck IR IR k k k k kk kk k k kk k k kk k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k eek This definition is to complet
157. see the arbitrary modulating waveform message that temporarily 53 displayed the screen b Press the softkey under PWM Freq and use numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys to set the desired modulating frequency 5 Press the softkey under Width Dev and set the desired value for width deviation by the numeric keypad or the knob with the cursor keys 6 Press the Graph button to view all the waveform parameters Remote interface operation Use the following commands for PWM FUNC PULSe VOLTage lt amplitude gt MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet lt offset gt MINimum MAXimum PULSe PERiod lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe WIDTh lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe TRANsition lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum FUNCtion PULSe DCYCLe percent PWM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP NRAMp TRIangle NOISe USER PWM INTernal FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum PWM DEViation lt deviation in seconds gt Minimum Maximum PWM DEViation DCYCLe lt deviation seconds Minimum Maximum PWM SOURce INTernal EXTernal PWM STATe ON 4 12 Frequency Sweep Frequency Sweep provides the capability to generate a waveform which gradually steps from a start frequency to a stop frequency at a specified rate It can sweep up or down in frequency with logarithmic or linear spacing Only sine square ramp and arbitrary waveforms are allowed to wo
158. selected gated burst mode the Trig Out signal is automatically disabled 97 221 Settings conflict trigger output connector used by FSK If you have enabled FSK and is using the external trigger source the Trig Out signal is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict trigger output connector used by trigger external When using the external trigger source the Trig Out signal is automatically disabled 221 Settings conflict frequency reduced for user function The maximum output frequency for arbitrary waveform is 10 MHz When you change function from one allowing higher frequency to arbitrary waveform the frequency is adjusted to 10 MHz 221 Settings conflict frequency changed for pulse function The maximum output frequency for pulse waveform is 5 MHz When you change function from one allowing higher frequency to pulse waveform the frequency is adjusted to 5 MHz 221 Settings conflict frequency reduced for ramp function The maximum output frequency for ramp waveform is 200 kHz When you change function from one allowing higher frequency to ramp waveform the frequency is adjusted to 500 kHz 221 Settings conflict frequency made compatible with burst 221 mode The maximum output frequency for an internal triggered burst is 2 001 mHz The waveform generator has adjusted the frequency to be compatible with the current setting Settings conflict burst turned off by selection of other mode or modulation
159. status char instrDesc 2 USBO0 5710 4000 TW00009009 0 INSTR viOpenDefaultRM amp defaultRM status viOpen defaultRM instrDesc NULL VI NULL amp vi if status VI SUCCESS printf Can not Open device s n instrDesc return 2 This program sets up a linear sweep using sinusoid waveform It sets the start and stop frequency and sweep time viPrintf vi RST n viPrintf vi FUNCtion SINusoid n Select waveshape viPrintf vi OUTPut LOAD 50 n Set the load impedance to 50 Ohms default viPrintf vi VOLTage 1 n Set the amplitude to 1 Vpp viPrintf vi SWEep SPACing LINear n Set Linear or LOG spacing viPrintf vi SWEep TIME 1 n Sweep time is 1 second viPrintf vi FREQuency STARt 100 n Start frequency is 100 Hz viPrintf vi FREQuency STOP 20e3 n Stop frequency is 20 kHz Frequency sweep limits may also be set as FREQuency CENTer and viPrintf vi OUTPut ON n Turn on the instrument output viPrintf vi SWEep STATe ON n Turn sweep on viClose vi viClose defaultRM Example A Pulse Waveform This program found in the Examples Pulse subdirectory on the CD ROM configures a pulse waveform setting pulse width period and high low levels The 177 edge time is then incremented A Pulse Waveform include lt visa h gt include lt stdio h gt include lt windows h gt void main int argc char argv ViSession defaul
160. tRM vi 0 ViStatus status char instrDesc USBO 5710 4000 TWO0009009 0 INSTR int i viOpenDefaultRM amp defaultRM status viOpen defaultRM instrDesc VI_NULL VI_NULL amp vi if status 50 55 not Open device s n instrDesc return This program sets up pulse waveshape adjusts the edge time It also shows the use of high and low voltage levels and period The edge time is adjusted by 5 nsec increments viPrintf vi RST n viPrintf vi FUNCtion PULSe n Select pulse waveshape viPrintf vi OUTPut LOAD 50 n Set the load impedance to 50 Ohms default viPrintf vi VOLTage LOW OW Low level 0 V viPrintf vi VOLTage HIGH 0 75 n High level 2 75 V viPrintf vi PULSe PERiod 1e 3 n 1 ms intervals viPrintf vi PULSe WIDTh 100e 6 n Pulse width is 100 us viPrintf vi PULSe TRANsition 10e 9 n Edge time is 10 ns rise time fall time viPrintf vi OUTPut Turn on the instrument output 178 for i 0 i lt 19 i Nary edge by 5 nsec steps viPrintf vi PULSe TRANsition E n 0 00000001 i 0 000000005 Sleep 300 Wait 300 msec viClose vi viClose defaultRM Example Pulse Width Modulation PWM This program found the Examples PWM subdirectory the CD ROM configures a pulse waveform with duty cycle which is then slowly modulated by a triangle waveform Pulse Wid
161. tage you can use the OUTP POL command VOLTage HIGH MINimum MAXimum Query the high voltage level VOLTage LOW lt voltage gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the low voltage level The default low level for all functions is 50 mV The minimum value is the most negative voltage level and the maximum value is the largest voltage level for the chosen function The high and low voltage level must conform the following restriction Vhigh Vlow lt Vpp max and Vhigh Vlow s Vpp max 2 Where Vpp max is the maximum peak to peak amplitude for the chosen output termination 10 Vpp for a 50 ohm load or 20 Vpp for a high impedance 167 load If you specify an invalid voltage level the waveform generator will adjust it automatically to the highest allowed value and Data out of range error is generated e high voltage level should always be greater than the low level If not a Setting conflict error is generated and the waveform generator automatically set the high level to 1 mV larger than the specified low level specifying high level and low level also sets the offset For instance you will have an amplitude of 5 Vpp with an associated offset voltage of 500 mV when you set your high level to 2 Vpp and low level to 3 Vpp e When the Output Termination Setting is changed the voltage levels are automatically adjusted For instance when you change the output termination from 50 ohms to high impedan
162. tance if a deviation of 100kHz is specified then a 5 signal level corresponds to a 100kHz increase in frequency Lower external signal levels produce less deviation and negative signal levels reduce 138 the frequency below the carrier frequency If the deviation causes the carrier waveform to exceed a frequency boundary for the current duty cycle square waveform only 3400A will automatically adjust the duty cycle to the maximum value allowed with the present carrier frequency FM DEViation MINimum MAXimum Query the peak frequency deviation in frequency modulation The peak frequency deviation in hertz will be returned FM SOURce INTernal EXTernal Specify the modulating signal source The default is Internal When an external source is selected the carrier is modulated with an external waveform The frequency deviation is controlled by the signal on the rear panel Modulation In connector For instance if a deviation of 100kHz is specified then a 5V signal level corresponds to a 100kHz increase in frequency Lower external signal levels produce less deviation and negative signal levels reduce the frequency below the carrier frequency FM SOURce Query the modulating source in frequency modulation INT or EXT string indicating the modulating signal source will be returned FM STATe OFF ON Disable or Enable the frequency modulation To avoid multiple waveform changes you can enable it after setting
163. tart frequency to the stop frequency The number of discrete frequency points is calculated by the waveform generator according to the sweep time specified The default sweep time is 1 second and the range is from 1 ms to 500 s Marker Frequency Marker frequency provides a way to control the Sync signal outputted on the front panel Sync connector For sweeps with Marker On the Sync 55 signal is a TTL high at the beginning of the sweep and turns to low at the marker frequency For sweeps with Marker Off the Sync signal is a square waveform with a 50 duty cycle That is the Sync signal is a TTL high at the beginning of a sweep and turns to low at the midpoint of the sweep The frequency of the Sync signal is the reciprocal of the specified sweep time The default marker frequency is 500 Hz The range of the marker frequency is depending on stop frequency setting or frequency span setting The marker frequency must be less than or equal to the maximum output frequency Trigger Source The waveform generator outputs a single sweep when it receives a trigger signal and it keeps outputting the same type of waveform with the start frequency before it receives next trigger and sends out another sweep Trigger Source can be internal external or manual and the default is Internal e With internal trigger source the waveform generator continuously outputs sweeps with the specified sweep time e With external trig
164. ted overload automatically disables main output 10ppm in 90 days 20ppm in 1 year Standard 10 MHz 500 Hz Frequency Input External Frequency Output Phase Offset Level 100mVpp 5Vpp Impedance 1KQ typical AC coupled Lock Time Lock Range lt 2 Sec 10 MHz Level 632mVpp OdBm typical Impedance 50Q typical AC coupled Range 360 to 360 Resolution 0 001 Accuracy ans Modulation Type Modulation AM FM PM FSK PWM Sweep and Burst Carrier Sine Square Ramp Arb Source Internal external Internal Modulation Sine Square Ramp Triangle Noise Arb Frequency Internal 2mHz to 20KHz Depth 0 0 120 0 Carrier Sine Square Ramp Arb Source Internal external Internal Modulation Sine Square Ramp Triangle Noise Arb Frequency Internal 2mHz to 20KHz Deviation DC 25MHz Carrier Sine Square Ramp Arb Source Internal external Internal Modulation Sine Square Ramp Triangle Noise Arb Frequency Internal 2mHz to 20KHz Deviation 0 0 to 360 Carrier Pulse Source Internal Modulation Frequency Internal Internal external Sine Square Ramp Triangle Noise Arb 2mHz to 20KHz Deviation 0 100 of pulse width Carrier Sine Square Ramp Arb Source
165. ter the path Tools Options Directories include has been entered you have to add an Include path offered by NI VISA such as C VXIPNP WinNT include e Add C VXIPNP WinNT lib msc visa32 lib to Project folder The command for USB interface in the following or others will be different on other unit If you have to check the right information please do the procedure of Utility IO Show USB Id for USB interface to get it 173 char instrDesc USBO 5710 4000 TWO0009009 INSTR If the communication is via GPIB or LAN interface you have to revise the following USB command 1 to be GPIB 2 or LAN 3 one 1 char instrDesc USBO 5710 4000 TWO0009009 INSTR 2 char instrDesc GPIBO 10 INSTR control Address 10 3 char instrDesc TCPIPO 192 168 0 123 instO INSTR IP address 192 168 0 123 Program Listings Example A Simple Sine Waveform This program found in the Examples Sine subdirectory on the CDROM selects the function as sine and then sets the frequency amplitude and offset of the waveform A Simple Sine Waveform include lt visa h gt include lt stdio h gt include lt ctype h gt include lt dos h gt void main int argc char argv ViSession defaultRM vi 0 ViStatus status char instrDesc 2 USBO0 5710 4000 TW00009009 INSTR viOpenDefaultRM amp defaultRM status viOpen defaultRM instrDesc NULL VI NULL amp vi if sta
166. testing and measurement instruments It is based on a hierarchical structure also known as a tree system In this system associated commands are grouped together under a common node or root thus forming subsystems A portion of the SOURce subsystem is shown below to explain the tree system SOURCe FREQuency STARt lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum STARt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STOP lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum STOP MINimum MAXimum SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic SPACing SWEep TIME lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum TIME MINimum MAXimum SOURce is the root keyword of the command SWEep FREQuency are second level keywords and STARt and STOP are third level keywords A colon separates a command keyword from a lower level keyword B 1 1 Command Format Used in This Manual The command format used in this manual is shown below STARt lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum 120 Most commands and some parameters are expressed as a mixture of upper and lower case letters The upper case letters indicate the abbreviated part that must be specified for the command For shorter program lines send the abbreviated form For better program readability use the long form For example in the above syntax statement STAR and START are both acceptable forms for the same command You may also mix upper or lower case letters in a command For example START star and Star are all acceptable for the sam
167. th Modulation PWM include lt visa h gt include lt stdio h gt void main int argc char argv ViSession defaultRM vi 0 ViStatus status char instrDesc 2 USBO0 5710 4000 TW00009009 0 INSTR viOpenDefaultRM amp defaultRM status viOpen defaultRM instrDesc NULL VI NULL amp vi if status SUCCESS printf Can not Open device V 9osV An instrDesc return This program uses low level SCPI commands to configure the function gnerator to output an PWM waveform The pulse is set up with a duty cycle of 35 and a depth of 15 and will vary in width from 20 to 50 with the 179 modulation The pulse may also be configured in time units pulse width and deviation rather than duty cycle if preferred viPrintf vi RST n viPrintf vi OUTPut LOAD 50 n Set the load impedance to 50 Ohms default viPrintf vi FUNCtion SHAPe PULSe n Carrier waveshape is pulse viPrintf vi FREQuency 5000 n Carrier frequency is 5 kHz viPrintf vi VOLTage LOW Set parameters to 5 V TTL viPrintf vi VOLTage HIGH 5 n viPrintf vi FUNCtion PULSe DCYCle 35 n Begin with 35 duty cycle viPrintf vi PWM INTernal FUNCtion TRIangle n Modulating waveshape is triangle viPrintf vi PWM INTernal FREQuency 2 n Modulation frequency is 2 Hz viPrintf vi PWM DEViation DCYCle 15 n Modulation depth is 15 viPrintf vi PWM SOURce INTernal n Use interna
168. the current pulse width The minimum value is O seconds and the maximum value is determined by period minimum pulse width and edge time Here s the constraints pulse width deviation has to conform Width Deviation lt Pulse Width Wmin And Width Deviation lt Period Pulse Width Wmin Where Wmin 20 ns for period s 10 s Wmin 20 ns for period gt 10 s but x 100 s Wmin 2 5 for period gt 100 s but lt 1000 s Wmin 20 ws for period gt 1000 s Also Width Deviation s Pulse width 1 6 X Edge time And Width Deviation lt Period Pulse width 1 6 X Edge time When you choose an external source PWM SOUR EXT the width deviation is controlled by the 5V signal level shown on the Modulation In connector on the rear panel It means that when the modulating signal is at 5V the output will be at its maximum width deviation and when the modulating signal is at 5V the output will be at its minimum duty cycle Lower external signal levels produce less deviation and negative signal levels produce negative deviation Note The operation of this command is affected by FUNC PULS HOLD command FUNC PULS HOLD command decides if the pulse width or the duty cycles are to be held constant as the period varies If the pulse width is held constant so is the pulse width deviation If the duty cycle is held constant so is 157 the duty cycle deviation If one is held constant the other specified in the command will
169. the first part of the wave cycle To set the waveform polarity mode follow the steps below Front panel Operation e Press Utility button and then the softkey under Output Setup e Press the softkey under NormInvt to toggle between Normal and Inverted Make sure your choice is highlighted e Press the softkey under DONE to finish the selection Figure 3 9 Remote Interface Operation OUTPut POLarity NORMal INVerted Notes e When a non zero offset is used the waveform is inverted relative to the offset voltage so the offset remains the same in the inverted waveform e When the waveform is inverted the Sync signal associated with the waveform is not inverted 27 3 9 To Set Output Termination A fixed series output impedance of 50 ohms to the front panel Output connector is set in 3400A by default If the actual load impedance does not match the value specified the output amplitude and offset levels will be incorrect To change this setting follow the steps below Front panel Operation 1 Press the Utility button and then press the softkey under Output Setup 2 Make sure the Load softkey is highlighted If not press the softkey to toggle Use the numeric keypad or the knob with cursor keys to change the value 3 If you wish to choose high impedance press the softkey under Load to toggle and make sure High Z is highlighted 4 Press DONE to finish the entry 5 See Figure 3 9 as a sample display Remote Interface O
170. the magnitude of the amplitude variation of the modulation output It is defined as the following formula ModulationDepth MaxAmplitude MinAmplitude Amplitude x 100 where Amplitude is the specified amplitude of the carrier waveform MaxAmplitude and MinAmplitude are the maximum and minimum amplitudes of the resulting modulation waveform 3400A is so designed that when Modulation Depth is 096 the amplitude of the modulation waveform stays at half of the specified amplitude of the carrier waveform As a result MinAmplitude may be negative when ModulationDepth is larger than 100 The default Modulation Depth is 100 and the allowable range is from 0 to 120 When external source is selected as the source of modulating waveform the modulation is controlled by the specified modulation depth and the 5v signal levels of the external waveform When the external waveform is at 5 the amplitude of the output will reach MaxAmplitude When the external waveform is at 5v the amplitude of the output will reach MinAmplitude Note that the modulation output of 3400A will not exceed 5V peak into 42 a 50 ohm load even if the modulation depth is greater than 100 How to set up amplitude modulation 1 Press one of the following function buttons to choose your carrier waveform Sine Square Ramp Arb Specify all the necessary waveform parameters for the carrier waveform as described in Section 4 1 4 2 4 3 and 4 6 AM by Sine
171. the pulse width to a greater minimum determined by the current period 221 Settings conflict edge time decreased due to pulse width The waveform generator adjusts first the edge time then the pulse width or duty cycle then period if needed to accommodate the following the limitation EdgeTime lt 0 625 x PulseWidth In this case the edge time is decreased by the waveform generator to accommodate the specified pulse width 221 Settings conflict edge time decreased due to pulse duty cycle The waveform generator adjusts first the edge time then the pulse width or duty cycle the period if needed to accommodate the following the limitation EdgeTime lt 0 625 x Period x DutyCycle In this case the edge time is decreased by the waveform generator to accommodate the pulse duty cycle 221 Settings conflict amplitude changed due to function When the new function chosen has a smaller maximum amplitude the waveform generator will automatically adjust the amplitude from the old value to the new smaller maximum value This may occur when the output units are Vrms or dBm due to the differences in crest factor for the various output functions 221 Settings conflict offset changed on exit from dc function In the dc voltage function the voltage level is controlled by adjusting the offset voltage the current amplitude is ignored When you select a different function the waveform generator will adjust the offset voltage as needed to be compati
172. the waveform generator has been turned off PHASe UNLock ERRor STATe Query the enable state of the lost phase lock error 153 PM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP NRAMP TRIangle NOISe USER Specify the shape of the modulating waveform This applies only when the modulation source is Internal PM SOUR INT Noise can be a modulating waveform but cannot be used as a carrier waveform neither do Pulse nor dc The default modulating waveform is a sine waveform Square waveform has 50 duty cycle Ramp waveform has 100 symmetry Triangle waveform has 50 symmetry Negative Ramp waveform has 0 symmetry If an Arbitrary USER waveform is chosen to be the modulating waveform it is automatically limited to 4k points Extra points are removed using decimation PM INTernal FUNCtion Query the modulating function used in phase modulation SIN SQU RAMP NRAM TRI NOIS or USER string indicating the modulating function will be returned PM INTernal FREQuency 1 frequency MINimum MAXimum Specify the modulating waveform frequency This applies only the modulation source is internal PM SOUR INT The range is from 2 mHz to 20 kHz and the default is 10 Hz PM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Query the internal modulating frequency in Phase modulation The internal modulating frequency in hertz will be returned PM DEViation peak deviation in hertz gt MINimum MAXimum Specify
173. ting source is internal The range is from 2 mHz to 20 kHz and the default is 100 Hz AM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Query the internal modulating frequency The frequency in hertz of the internal modulating waveform is returned AM DEPth depth in percent Specify the internal modulation depth or percent modulation in percent The range is from 0 to 120 and the default is 100 Notes e When an external source is selected the modulation depth is controlled by the 5v external signal applied at the Modulation In connector on the rear panel Specifically the output will be at the maximum amplitude when the modulating signal is at 5 and the output will be at the minimum amplitude when the modulating signal is at 5v e The modulation output of 3400A will not exceed 5V peak into a 500 load even if the modulation depth is greater than 100 AM DEPth MINimum MAXimum Query the modulation depth in amplitude modulation The modulation depth in percent is returned AM SOURce INTernal EXTernal Specify the modulating signal source If an External source is chosen the carrier waveform is modulated with an external waveform The modulation depth is controlled by the 5v external signal applied at the Modulation In connector on the rear panel Specifically the output will be at the maximum amplitude when the modulating signal is at 5v and the output will be at the minimum
174. to hold FUNC PULS HOLD command However the waveform generator will adjust the pulse width or the edge time to comply with the frequency restrictions for pulse waveforms APPLY NOISe lt frequency DEF gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Output Gaussian pulse wave with the specific frequency amplitude and dc offset The waveform is outputted as soon as the command is executed The specified frequency has no effect on the noise wave but is remembered by the 127 waveform generator will be used on the next function you choose APPLY DC lt frequency gt DEF lt amplitude DEF gt lt offset gt Output a dc voltage with the specified offset level You can set the dc voltage to any value between 5Vdc into 50 ohms or 10Vdc into an open circuit The waveform is output as soon as the command is executed The specified frequency and amplitude have no effect on the pulse wave but are remembered by the waveform generator and will be used on the next function you choose APPLY USER lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt Output an arbitrary waveform currently chosen by the FUNC USER command with the specific frequency amplitude and offset The waveform is output as soon as the command is executed APPLy Query the current configuration and return a quoted string The quoted string includes the function frequency amplitude and offset as in the following format funct
175. tory materials on SCPI commands 6 1 Remote Interface Configuration 3400A have built in a web server one may use the Internet Explorer of Microsoft or Firefox of Mozilla Foundation to remotely control the waveform generator through the LAN interface No extra software is needed 6 1 1 USB Interface How to set up USB interface Connect the proper USB cable to the USB connector on the rear panel and your computer The waveform generator sets up the USB interface automatically once the cable is properly connected You may navigate from the Utility button the IO softkey and then the Show USB Id softkey to verify the USB interface ID 6 1 2 GPIB Interface Before you may set up the GPIB interface you need to insert the GPIB interface card into the interface slot on the rear panel install the 3400A application in your PC and execute the application To set up the GPIB interface connect the waveform generator and your computer with a proper GPIB cable and assign a GPIB address for the waveform generator The factory default GPIB address is 10 It can be set to any number between 0 and 30 The address is stored in non volatile memory so it is not affected by power cycle or a remote interface reset command Avoid using the same address for the GPIB interface card in your computer How to set up GPIB interface 1 Press the Utility button and then the I O softkey 2 Press the softkey under GPIB Addr and enter a GPIB address using the nume
176. try If you are asked to enter a string of alphabetic letters turn the knob until the desired letter appears on the display Use the cursor keys to move the cursor for entering next letter or modify the letter previously entered You may also use the key on keypad to delete the letter previously entered 3 3 To Select Output Function 3400A provides various output functionality e Standard waveforms 3400A provides five standard waveforms sine Square ramp pulse and noise The default waveform output is sine wave e Arbitrary waveforms There are additional five built in arbitrary waveforms available Or you can create your own custom waveform with Wavepatt software which came with the unit e Modulation The waveform generator also provides modulation for sine Square ramp and arbitrary waveforms using AM FM PM or FSK You can also use PWM to modulate pulse waveform e Frequency sweeping Linear logarithmic frequency sweeping modes are available for sine square ramp and arbitrary waveforms e Burst operation The burst waveforms can be generated with any one of the standard or arbitrary waveforms except dc Front panel Operation To select a desired output function press the corresponding button and then set up related parameters as needed Refer to Chapter 4 for setting up each individual waveform type 20 Remote Interface Operation FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP PULSe NOISe DC USER PATTern You may als
177. tus VI SUCCESS printf Can not Open device V 9osV An instrDesc return This program sets a waveform by selecting the waveshape and adjusting the frequency amplitude and offset 174 viPrintf vi RST n viPrintf vi FUNCtion SINusoid n Select waveshape Other options are SQUare RAMP PULSe NOISe DC and USER viPrintf vi OUTPut LOAD 50 n Set the load impedance in Ohms 50 Ohms default May also be INFinity as when using oscilloscope or DMM viPrintf vi FREQuency 12500 n Set the frequency viPrintf vi VOLTage 1 25 n Set the amplitude in Vpp Also see VOLTage UNIT viPrintf vi VOLTage OFFSet 0 5 n Set the offset in Volts Voltage may also be set as VOLTage HIGH and VOLTage LOW for low level and high level viPrintf vi OUTPut ON n Turn on the instrument output viClose vi viClose defaultRM Example Amplitude Modulation This program found in the Examples AM subdirectory on the CDROM configures a waveform with amplitude modulation using lower level SCPI commands It also shows how to use the SAV command to store the instrument configuration in the function generator s internal memory Amplitude Modulation include lt visa h gt include lt stdio h gt void main int argc char argv x ViSession defaultRM vi 0 ViStatus status char instrDesc 2 USBO0 5710 4000 TW00009009 0 INSTR viOpenDefaultRM amp defaultRM
178. ub Private Sub ReadData Once the SRQ is detected this routine will get the data from the meter Called by PollForSRQTimer Timer Dim readings As Double Dim i As Long On Error GoTo ReadDataError dimension the array for the number of readings With 3400A Output Fetch Query for the data in memory readings Input get the data and parse into the array End With Insert data into text box txtData Text 187 For i 0 To UBound readings txtData SelText readings i amp amp vbCrLf Next i Exit Sub ReadDataError Debug Print ReadData Error Err Description End Sub Private Sub Form Terminate On Error Resume Next Set 3400A Nothing End Sub DEVQUERY Sample Application This C sample application is a Win32 console application It illustrates how to use the ARRAY IOUtils COM A Win32 console application is a Win32 application which uses text based input and output not a graphical interface This allows you to quickly create a Win32 application by using simple input and output functions Creating the Application Create a new Visual project as follows 1 Create a new Win32 Console Application project calling the project DEVQUERY 2 Specify that this project will be a simple application in the last AppWizard step LISTING D 4 THE DEVQUERY FUNCTION DEVQUERY cpp Defines the entry point for the console application include stdafx h Purpo
179. uency MINimum MAXimum Specify the stop frequency in Sweeps The range is from 1uHz to 200 kHz for ramps from 1 2 to 10 MHz for arbitrary waveforms from 1uHz to 25 MHz for square and from 1uHz to 50 MHz for sine The default is 1 KHz The minimum value is 1uHz and the maximum value is 50 MHz FREQuency STOP MINimum MAXimum The stop frequency in sweeps will be returned FREQuency CENTer lt frequency Specify the center frequency in sweeps The range is from 1uHz to 200 kHz for ramps from 1 2 to 10 MHz for arbitrary waveforms from 1uHz to 25 MHz for square and from 1uHz to 50 MHz for sine The default is 550 Hz The minimum value is 1uHz and the maximum value is calculated based on the frequency span 140 and the maximum frequency of the function used Maximum center frequency Maximum frequency span 2 FREQuency CENTer MINimum MAXimum The center frequency in sweeps will be returned in hertz FREQuency SPAN lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the frequency span in sweeps The range is from 0 Hz to 200 kHz for ramps from 0 Hz to 10 MHz for arbitrary waveforms from 1uHz to 25 MHz for square and from 1 7 to 50 MHz for sine The default is 900 Hz The minimum value is 0 Hz and the maximum value is calculated based on the center frequency and the maximum frequency of the function used Maximum frequency span 2 X Maximum frequency center frequency
180. up the modulation parameters Only one type of modulation can be activated at one time Also when Phase modulation is activated sweep or burst mode will be disabled PM STATe 0 OFF or 1 ON will be returned PWM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP NRAMP TRIangle NOISe USER Specify the shape of the modulating waveform The default is sine This applies when the modulation source is internal PWM SOUR INT The carrier is a pulse wave in PWM Square waveform has 50 duty cycle Ramp waveform has 100 symmetry Triangle waveform has 50 symmetry Negative Ramp waveform has 0 symmetry If an Arbitrary USER waveform is chosen to be the modulating waveform it is 155 automatically limited to 4k points Extra points are removed using decimation PULSe PERiod lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the pulse period The range is from 200 ns to 2000 seconds The default is 1 ms e The specified period must be greater than the sum of the pulse width and the edge time if not the waveform generator automatically adjust the edge time first and the pulse width if needed to accommodate the period Period Pulse Width 1 6 x Edge Time Or Period Period X Duty Cycle 100 1 6 x Edge Time e The specified period stays when the function changes If you select pulse waveform and specify the period by PULS PER command and then choose another function the period will be used on the new
181. ure new waveforms cannot be saved 782 Cannot overwrite a built in waveform The five built in waveform names EXP RISE EXP RAMP SINC and CARDIAC are reserved and cannot be used with DATA COPY command 784 Name of source arb waveform for copy must be VOLATILE When using the DATA COPY command the data source must be the VOLATILE one 785 Specified arb waveform does not exist Before using DATA COPY command to copy from the volatile memory be sure to download the waveform to it using the DATA VOLATILE or DATA DAC VOLATILE command 786 Not able to delete a built in arb waveform Deleting the built in waveform is not allowed 787 Not able to delete the currently selected active arb waveform Deleting the waveform that is currently outputting is not allowed 788 Cannot copy to VOLATILE arb waveform You can only use DATA COPY command to copy from VOLATILE not to VOLATILE 800 Block length must be even The binary data are represented as 16 bit integers They are sent in groups of two bytes DATA DAC VOLATILE command 810 State has not been stored The storage location specified in the RCL command was never used in 111 previous SAV commands You cannot recall instrument state from an empty storage location 112 Appendix This appendix contains the performance specifications of the 3400A It covers the AC DC Resistance Temperature and Frequency Period characteristics under a variety of
182. ut numeric parameters The following example demonstrates a command with a numeric parameter option FREQuency STARt lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum Discrete Parameters Discrete parameters are used in the settings where only a limited number of values like BUS IMMediate EXTernal are accepted They have the short and long forms just like command keywords You can mix upper and lower case letters Query responses will always return the short form in all upper case letters The following example demonstrates a command with a discrete parameter TRIGger SOURce BUS IMMediate EXTernal Boolean Parameters A Boolean parameter represents a condition that is either true or false For a false condition the waveform generator accepts OFF or O as parameter value For a true condition the multimeter accepts ON or 1 as parameter value When you query a Boolean parameter the instrument will always return O or 1 The following example demonstrates a command with a Boolean parameter SWEep STATe OFF ON String Parameters A string parameter can contain any set of ASCII characters A string must begin and end with matching quotes either with single or double quotes You can include the quote delimiter as part of the string by typing it twice without any characters in between The following example demonstrates a command with a string parameter DISPlay TEXT quoted string 124 B 2 Output Data Formats
183. utput units selected You may encounter this when the units are Vrms or dBm due to the differences in crest factor for the various output functions For instance if you output a 5 Vrms square wave into 50 ohms and then change it to the sine wave function the waveform generator automatically adjust the output amplitude to 3 536 Vrms which is the maximum for sine waves in Vrms e Output Termination Limits When the Output Termination Setting is changed the Output Amplitude is automatically adjusted For instance when you change the output termination from 50 ohms to high impedance your offset voltage doubles thus it affects your output amplitude and when Output Termination has been changed from high impedance to 50 ohms the offset voltage decreases by half e Arbitrary Waveform Limitations For arbitrary waveforms if the data points do not span the full range of the output DAC Digital to Analog converter the maximum amplitude will be 24 limited For example the built in Sinc wave does not span the full 1 range and thus its maximum amplitude is limited to 6 087 Vpp into 50 Q e While changing amplitude you may notice a momentary disruption in the output waveform at certain voltages due to switching of the output attenuators The amplitude is controlled however so the output voltage will never exceed the current setting while switching ranges You may disable the voltage autoranging to prevent this output disrupti
184. veforms using the SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instrument commands after the selected remote interface is appropriately set up This section lists the SCPI commands available for remotely controlling the waveform generator For first time SCPI users refer to Appendix B for the introductory materials on SCPI commands Note that the following conventions are used in SCPI command syntax The triangle brackets lt gt indicate that you must specify a value for the enclosed parameter The square brackets indicate that the parameter is optional and can be omitted The curly braces enclose 84 the parameter choices for a given command string A vertical bar separates several choices for a parameter The APPLy Commands APPLy SINusoid lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt 1 APPLy SQUare lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt 11 APPLy RAMP lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt 11 APPLy PULSe lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt 11 APPLy NOISe lt frequency DEF gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt 11 APPLy DC lt frequency DEF gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt 1 APPLy USER lt frequency gt lt amplitude gt lt offset gt 1 APPLy Output Configuration Commands FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare RAMP PULSe NOISe DC USER FUNCtion FREQuency lt frequency gt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency MINimum MAXimum VOLTage lt amplitude gt MI
185. vel for all functions is 50 mV 166 The minimum value is the most negative voltage level and the maximum value is the largest voltage level for the chosen function The high and low voltage level must conform the following restriction Vhigh lt Vpp max and Vhigh Vlow s Vpp max 2 Where Vpp max is the maximum peak to peak amplitude for the chosen output termination 10 Vpp for a 50 ohm load or 20 Vpp for a high impedance load If you specify an invalid voltage level the waveform generator will adjust it automatically to the highest allowed value and Data out of range error is generated high voltage level should always be greater than the low level If not a Setting conflict error is generated and the waveform generator automatically set the high level to 1 mV larger than the specified low level specifying a high level and low level also sets the offset For instance you will have an amplitude of 5 Vpp with an associated offset voltage of 500 mV when you set your high level to 2 Vpp and low level to 3 Vpp e When the Output Termination Setting is changed the voltage levels are automatically adjusted For instance when you change the output termination from 50 ohms to high impedance your voltage shown on the display doubles and when Output Termination has been changed from high impedance to 50 ohms the voltage decreases in half e To invert the waveform relative to the offset vol
186. ycle The maximum value depends on the burst period and frequency as shown below Specify Infinite to generate a continuous burst waveform When using the Immediate Internal trigger source TRIG SOUR IMM command the burst count must be less than the product of the maximum burst period and the waveform frequency Burst Count Maximum period x Frequency The waveform generator will automatically increase the burst period up to its maximum value to accommodate the specified burst count but it won t change the waveform frequency The burst count does not apply in the gated mode However if you specify a new burst count while in the gated mode the waveform generator will remember it and use it when the triggered mode is selected BURSt NCYCles The burst count will be returned The range is from 1 to 50 000 and 9 9E 37 is returned if Infinite is specified BURSt INTernal PERiod lt seconds gt MINimum MAXimum Specify the burst period for bursts with internal immediate trigger source The burst period is ignored when external or manual trigger source is enabled or when the gated burst mode is chosen The range is from 1 us to 500 seconds and the default is 10 ms The maximum value is 500 s but the minimum value depends on the burst count and frequency as shown below 129 BurstPeriod gt 200ns WaveformFrequency BURSt INTernal PERiod MINimum MAXimum The burst period in seconds will be returned BUR
187. ys Neither does this warranty cover defects caused by improper installation improper or insufficient maintenance unauthorized modification improper operation ignorance of environmental specifications or improper software or interfacing Remarks No other warranty is expressed or implied except for the above mentioned The remedies provided herein are the buyer s sole and exclusive remedies ARRAY shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages Limitation of warranty 1 Our warranties do not cover any damage resulting from unauthorized modification or misuse 2 Unless mentioned elsewhere in this document our warranty does not apply to fuses probes and problems arising from normal wear or user s failure to follow instructions 3 Our warranties do not apply on any direct incidental special or consequential damages 4 The above warranties are exclusive and no other warranty is expressed or implied Array disclaims any implied warranties of MERCHANTABILITY SATISFACTORY QUALITY and FITNESS for any particular reasons 1 3 Precaution of Operation Please carefully read the manual before operating this device This manual is for reference only Please consult your local service representative for further assistance The contents of this manual may be amended by the manufacturer without notice Never dismantle the equipment by any unauthorized person or equipment may

3400A Arbitrary Waveform Generator

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