Auto Upkeep: Basic Car Care, Maintenance, and Repair Activities
Contents
1. LOBRIGATION SYSTE 63 CHAPTER 10 THINK SAFETY Prolonged exposure to used oil has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals Wear disposable gloves when changing oil so your skin will not be exposed to this hazard Objectives After reading the Auto Upkeep text and complet ing the following activities you will be able to e Define the purpose of engine oil e Explain oil service and viscosity ratings e Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of synthetic oils e Discuss the importance of oil filters e Change the oil and filter on a vehicle Summary Engine oil lubricates cools cleans and seals engine components While engine oil is a vital component to the longevity of an engine and may seem extremely complex it is not very difficult to service When purchasing oil look for the SAE API and other ratings that meet the manufacturer s recommended requirements Oil filters are used to remove contaminants from the engine oil and should be changed at oil change intervals Synthetic oils are becoming more popular and accepted due to stringent engine tolerances Always check your owner s manual for oil recommendations and change intervals Web Exploring Key Terms Internet Search Words Use a search engine to investigate any of the following terms or phrases Summarize your findings in a research paper AC Delco Oil Filters American Petroleum Institute Castrol Champ Filters European Automotive Ma2. an automotive lift Supplies Shop rags disposable gloves correct type and amount of oil oil filter Cautions Hot oil can cause burns Prolonged contact with used oil may cause skin cancer Directions Check off the boxes LJ when completed When you see a hand 5 next to the task write the information in the activity journal If you have any questions during the duration of this activity stop and ask the instructor if available for assistance Procedure Identify the oil viscosity and quantity needed for the vehicle LJ Warm the engine 5 to 10 minutes to loosen the contaminants and to thin the oil for draining LJ Shut off the engine and remove the key from the ignition LJ Put on eye protection and disposable gloves Q 65 Date Pe Score Raise the end of the vehicle where the engine is located with a jack and support with jack stands or use an automotive lift or drive on ramps with jack stands Apply the parking brake Chock the wheels on the opposite end of the vehicle Locate the drain plug on the oil pan and posi tion the oil drain pan to catch the oil we Use the correct size wrench to loosen the oil drain plug Turn counter clockwise Keep a steady inward pressure on the plug to avoid the hot oil from running down your arm Use a shop rag to protect your hand 1f the oil is extremely hot or allow it to cool some www AutoUpkeep com 66 Auto UpKeerp WORKBOOK LJ Make sure th
3. e car is on level ground Check the oil level on the dipstick and correct if necessary Do not overfill www AutoUpkeep com 68 Auto UpKeerp WORKBOOK LJ Recycle your old oil and filter Do not throw away in the garbage Take them to the proper recycling facilities LJ Ifyou are in a school laboratory setting have the instructor check the oil level before clos ing the hood 5 Activity Journal 0D OOOO Clean and put away all tools and supplies Clean up any oil spills with floor dry Wash your hands thoroughly Fill out and place an oil change sticker in the vehicle Update the vehicle s maintenance record log book Maintenance Record he 1 What oil viscosity rating is required for your vehicle s engine 2 What is the oil capacity for your vehicle s engine 3 What SAE rating did your owner s manual recommend 4 What API rating did your owner s manual recommend 5 Why should the engine be warm when changing the oil 6 Why did you put a thin film of oil on the new oil filter gasket 7 What is the oil change maintenance interval recommended by the vehicle manufacturer 8 What was the condition of the old oil 9 Name two locations that recycle used oil www AutoUpkeep com
4. e oil will hit the oil drain pan 5 ip f _ a j gt Se T J od A AS os a erser 7 Bee ie LJ While the oil is draining use an oil filter wrench to loosen the oil filter LJ Finish removing the oil filter by hand Set the oil filter in the oil drain pan so the oil can drain out of it Q Make certain the old oil filter gasket comes off with the old filter If it is stuck on the oil filter mounting base remove and discard it LJ Read the instructions on the filter Install the LJ Wipe off the oil filter mounting base and the area around the oil drain plug w aih Eara n 4 ast Oil Filter f Mounting 2 Base hi LJ Put a thin film of clean oil on the new oil filter mounting gasket This oil helps to seal the gasket A dry gasket may tear when the filter is installed causing leaks 4 h oil filter by rotating it clockwise by hand Once the gasket contacts the engine tighten it according to the instructions usually 1 2 to 1 full turn A filter wrench may be necessary Do not over tighten 5 oe m vE www AutoUpkeep com CHAPTER 10 LUBRICATION SYSTEM LJ Prior to reinstalling the drain plug wipe off its threads and the sealing surface with a shop rag Make certain that the plug s threads and gasket are in good condition before reinstall ing Replace if necessary Gasket Install the drain plug by hand and temporarily tighten finger
5. nufacturer s Association Exxon Mobil Fram Oil Filters Hastings Oil Filters Havoline How to Change Oil on an Automobile International Lubrication Standardiza tion Approval Committee Motorcraft Oil Filters Oil Recycling Oil Viscosity Pennzoil Phillips 66 Society of Automotive Engineers Valvoline Wix Oil Filters www AutoUpkeep com 64 Auto Upkeep WorkKBooK Name Class Date ell Score Study Questions Lubrication System 1 What does oil do within an engine 2 How does engine oil get dirty 3 What does API stand for and what does it rate 4 What does SAE stand for and what does it rate 5 What is a common price for a quart of conventional oil 6 Why is it not recommended to overfill the engine with oil 7 What is one advantage and one disadvantage of synthetic oils 8 How often should the oil and filter be changed 9 What does an oil filter do 10 Which oil is more viscous 5W30 or 20W50 www AutoUpkeep com CHAPTER 10 LUBRICATION SYSTEM Name Class Oil and Filter Change Activity Objective Upon completion of this activity you will be able to safely change the oil and filter on a vehicle Connections to NATEF General Service Technician Tasks Engine Repair e Perform oil and filter change Tools Safety glasses basic hand tools wrench for oil plug oil filter wrench oil drain pan funnel wheel chocks jack with jack stands or drive on ramps with jack stands or
6. tight Do not cross thread the plug Tighten the plug with the correct size of wrench until it is snug Do not over tighten If unsure how tight to get the plug consult the owner s or service manual for torque speci fications Over tightening can cause thread damage while under tightening may result in oil leakage If you are in a school laboratory setting have the instructor inspect the oil plug and filter Lower the vehicle if you used a jack and jack stands method or an automotive lift Locate and remove the oil filler cap It is usu ally located on the valve cover ba 67 LJ Using a funnel pour the correct amount and et LJ Start the engine and check for leaks Extra at type of oil into the filler opening Make sure the API and SAE ratings match what is listed in your owner s manual rs Sao a a Ko w ae N gt tention should be given to the oil filter gasket and drain plug gasket The oil pressure warn ing light may stay on for up to 5 seconds If the light stays on longer than 5 seconds shut the engine off and check for leaks After about 30 seconds shut off the engine This amount of time 1s ample to circulate the oil through out the engine and to fill the oil filter If you used drive on ramps remove the safety jack stands and chocks and then carefully back down the ramps Let the engine sit for a couple of minutes to ensure a proper reading Be sure th
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