- Schulz Electronic GmbH
Contents
1. repairs or balancings only may be carried out by skilled personal who is familiar with allsecurity instructions A The Device must not be used unattended For devices that can be operated while there are touchable dangerous voltages a touch protection by covering the input terminals or by integration in other casings racks etc has to be realized 1 2 Warranty Before the delivery all devices are tested in an excessive quality controlling as well as in an 8 hours lasting continuous operating under full load Early failures will be detected but some components possibly fail later H cherl amp Hackl offers 24 months lasting warranty under pre condition that the device hasn t been changed and the failure has occured while correct operating Defects will be remedied by repair or replacement after they are registered and accepted by H cherl amp Hackl or one of the representatives Since H amp H doesn t know neither the exact application of the electronic loads nor the physical conditions of the units under test no warranty for the correct operation of a whole system in the customer s sense can be given There s no warranty if the device has been damaged because of exceeding the technical specifications especially exceeding the maximum allowed input voltages The replacement of the overvoltage protection diode as well as defects that occured because of wrong poling never are accepted as warrant2. Power Limitation To protect the in built power unit the power limitation observes the consumed power and limits the load current to the allowed value This value is dependent on the temperature of the power unit For a cold power unit heat sink temperature lt 21 C the power limitation allows a short time overpower This value is dependent on the temperature of the performance stage and from the type Please look at technical data point 2 For increasing temperature the load bearing capacity of the device decreases down to the nominal value that can be realized continuously for 21 C If the allowed power is exceeded the voltage and current display blink alternately In this state the device decreases its current consumption until the allowed power is no longer exceeded 35 Over Voltage Protection The device is protected against over voltage upto 20 of the nominal voltage range When reaching the maximal allowed input voltage the device is signalized it by a blinking voltage display energy continuous overvoltage destroy device H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Over Temperature Protection For the protection of the in built power semiconductors there s a semiconductor temperature sensor implemented on every cooling bar that constantly measures the temperature If the temperature exceeds the allowed maximum value of 120 C the
3. H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Industriestr 13 D 94357 Konzell Tel 49 9963 943010 Fax 49 9963 9430184 eMail support hoecherl hackl com Internet hitp www hoecherl hackl com SN Manual Version PL II 05 09 16D E H cherl amp Hackl GmbH f if Electronic Load PL1006 Standard Operating Instructions H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Contents 1 General Information eese eene eene ener nnne nente nnne 3 1 1 Electronic Safety S KI 1 2 Warranty ereinen nd 1 3 Maintenance and Cleanimg u isse cocotte seen 5 1 4 Galibrationiau sseusansasunsanani kanal kn 6 1 5 Operating Environment 6 1 6 Device Symbol i PRSE A SUISSE 7 2 Technical Data aset i Cer Gro eet ree pere HE ee oh 8 3 9 eum 3 1 Control Elements A 3 2 Connections at the Back Panel 3 3 Power Seni rei PER 3 4 Connection of the Unit under Test sess 13 3 5 Isolation Voltages of the Load Terminals 3 6 System bus interface irnir enne rennen nennen 4 Operating R nge erret ee ehe ehren 17 Operating Modes and Load Settings esses eene eene 4 Operating Mode Current sss 4 2 Operating Mode 4 3 Dynamic Operating Mode see 4 4 Load Current Setting by Analog Signal 4 5 Battery xs ones tene
4. The Sense Lines are provided at the following pins of the Analog I O Port Pin 13 Pin 24 Sense Sense Further information is provided in the chapter about the Analog I O Port Connection example with two electronic loads and a bipolar input voltage H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series DS Operating Manual A When connecting the unit under test please obey the following aspects e Before connecting the unit under test the device input labeled Input has to be deactivated the LED LOAD ON must be offl e care for the right polarity wrong poling can damage the device e Don t use higher voltages than the maximal allowed input voltage at the terminals Higher voltages can damage the device e Use cables with sufficient cross section for connections e For the operating with touch dangerous voltages all touchable parts of the input copper bars screws parts of the cables or cable terminals have to be covered or protected against inadvertently touching by fitting the device in racks or comparable units e cables should not be longer than 2m because of the stability of the current regulation 15 3 5 A Isolation Voltages of the Load Terminals At connection of device or integration into a test system the following operating states have to be taken into account A As soon as the voltage between either the positive load input or the negativ
5. upto 500 ms LR SETTING A SETTING A The rise and fall time of the two load levels take place with maximal controlling speed of the device Controlling dynamic load levels by external pulse The load levels can be switched using a signal at the Analog I O Port Push the two buttons EXTERN and DYN The following pins of the Analog I O Port are used A B Pin 2 20 If nothing is loaded the setting of the potentiometer for SETTING B is activated By setting line A B to Pull Up the setting of the potentiometer for SETTING A will be activated Trigger Output for dynamic load changes For triggering external measuring instruments or for an exact time measuring using counters a synchronous trigger signal is provided at the Analog Port The following pins of the Analog I O Port are used Pin 15 Pin 1 TRG_OUT GND_EXT The line TRG_OUT provides a signal with 5 V Pre Setting To preset the load current or the load resistance for the dynamic operating mode the dynamic function has to be deactivated The presetting occurs as described in the sections 5 1 and 5 2 When activating the dynamic function all statically set values are preserved H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 4 4 Load Current Setting by Analog Signal The amount of the load current can be set using an external analog control signal At the Analog I O Port two inputs
6. 1 the resonance condition is fulfilled and the system begins to oscillate This state is no fault of the electronic load but a normal state but not desired for test situations This state can be compensated by interrupting the pre requisite for the resonance condition In practice it s possible to fit a capacitor parallel to the load input Sometimes a small MKT capacitor of about realises a stabilisation Loading voltage sources with inductive impedance like transformer with rectifier but without capacitors can also cause stability problems because the inductance itself current regulating The current can only be regulated by one device inductance or electronic load therefore instability can occur 39 11 2 Couplings by Current Lines Especially in the operating mode resistance it s possible that there is an in coupling of the current leading load cables affecting the voltage measurement of the device when using sense lines As in the operating mode resistance the exact measurements of the voltages at the unit under test are used as set point for the current a magnetic coupling in the sense line can cause the system to become instable As a first step decrease the coupling Separate the sense lines from the current leading load lines and of course all other current leading cables power lines etc The best method is to twist the sense lines to compensate the magnetically
7. current is shut down This state is signalized by simultaneous blinking of current and voltage display After cooling the power units the current will be reactivated Reverse Connection Protection The input is protected against reverse connection of the connector terminals In such a case the input voltage will be short circuited by a diode function The resulting short circuit current mustn t exceed the allowed continuous current of the device short circuit currents can destroy the device The sense connections provided for devices upto a nominal voltage of 120V are protected against reverse connection 36 Under Voltage display Under voltage is recognized when the input voltage of the device is too low to keep the set load The voltage display blinks 9 Load until Short Circuit For devices with sense connections up to 120 V a loading of voltage sources until a full short circuit can be realized using an external current supply extended operating range by auxiliary voltage 1 max The external current supply is used to compensate the minimum voltage of the load The current supply must be able to provide the maximum current of the load or at least the maximum current that will be set The output voltage has to amount to a value which compensates the minimum voltage of the load i e about 2V The output voltage of the additional current source must not be too high because
8. display accuracy The recommended calibration interval amounts to 1 year If there are deviations exceeding the specified tolerance the device should be checked and recalibrated immediately You can send the device to H cherl amp Hackl where it will be checked and recalibrated for a fixed price 1 5 Operating Environment 14 The allowed environment temperature ranges from 5 C to 40 C For storage and transport the temperature must not exceed a range between 25 C and 65 C During the storage no condensation and freeze is permitted because of sudden temperature changes Dewfall is inadmissible The maximum operating heigth of the devices amounts to 2000m over NN According DIN EN 61010 the devices support the pollution degree 1 and over voltage category 2 The allowed humidity comes to 80 upto 31 C linear decreasing to 50 upto 40 C The devices should be operated in clean dry rooms They mustn t be operated in environments with very high dust contents in the air under the danger of explosion or in face of aggressive chemical influences The device has to be operated in the specified alignment Connection lines for the device mustn t be longer than 3m The load lines shall be twisted If you use sense lines twist them also But do NOT twist the load lines with the sense lines H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual In IEEE488 operation a high qualit
9. for the levels 0 5VforO and 0 10 V for O are provided The operating mode resistance supports no controlling To switch to the controlling by an analog signal push button EXTERN The setting potentiometers are not effective for this situation t The load current setting occurs linear with the height of the control signal The device follows the set point with maximal controlling speed For reaching the maximum current a voltage of either O 5V or O 10V can be used At the Analog Port the following pins are provided for the control signal 10V EXT 10V Pin 18 Pin 6 EXT _5V EXT _5V Pin 5 Pin 19 When setting the control voltage take care to use the correct polarity The input resistance amounts to 40 kQ for the control input 10V 20 kQ for the control input 5V A Ground Wire For using the analog control inputs there s often the danger of GND loops Take care of the leading of the grounding wire for the control signal with reference to the negative load input if your are using the analog control inputs The current flow over the load cables mustn t affect the control inputs Otherwise there is the danger of an inexact current setting or self oscillation To eliminate such problems the analog control input is realized as difference input The negative potential of the control inputs may vary at 2V compared to the negative load
10. genen ve duse Rude 4 6 Operating Mode Voltage using the Battery Test 23 4 7 Loading up to Short Circuit nene 23 5 Load on off ater ette e e eee 24 6 _ Master Slave Mode n0000000000000B0 24 7 Analog eid 2 SR qni hee sire 7 1 Signals and Functions 7 2 Allowed Levels 7 3 Connector Pin Assignment 7 4 Analog Control Signals ts 7 5 External Load Activation antenne eoe douse ae H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 7 6 Stat s Signal for Overloads 24 reete 33 8 Protection Facilities and Overload 34 9 Load until Short Circuit SRI RUDI RP ehem 36 10 Vem Filling iii diei eet vel dea E EDU ET 38 11 Troubleshooting a teritur E pera aeneo 39 11 1 Stability Problems by Fulfilling the Resonance Condition 39 11 2 Couplings by Current 11 3 Distorted Current Rise for Dynamic Operating 11 4 Measuring the Current Rise Time 11 5 Distorted Anlaog Measurement Signals Declaration of Conformity esses eene nennen nnne nennen nene nne 41 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 1 General Information After unpacking the device should be checked for mechanical damages an
11. the load has to consume the product of voltage and set current as additional dissipated power Please notice that the load doesn t consider this support voltage and H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual though can t recognize the corresponding power increase A using a support voltage for loads up to short circuit the maximum load of the device must not be exceeded The general power is calculated as l In this way the device can be used to acquire current limitation characteristics until full short circuit The devices has to be connected as shown in the following figure El Load PL SENSE The unit under test and the auxiliary power supply are connected in series The sense lines are lead across the auxiliary power supply to the output of the unit under test Select the operating mode Battery Test Function see Battery Test The potentiometer SETTING A discharge voltage has to be set to zero to allow operating until short circuit The load is set using potentiometer SETTING B 37 The discharge voltage function of the device prevents that the voltage of the unit under test is reversed When reaching Zero Volt the current is reduced down to short circuit current so that the voltage is controlled A further increasing of the current setting causes no increasing load current for the case of short circuit Measuri
12. age for the unit under test is set at the power supply unit 22 At the load the discharge current is adjusted using the potentiometer SETTING B Now potentiometer SETTING A is turned on until the current flow stops By adjusting the potentiometer for this point the exact discharge voltage can be determined A second method for presetting the discharge voltage is the following calculation Calculate setting value Ix Ix Ue Inom Unom Unom Nominal voltage of the device Inom Nominal current of the device Ue Discharge voltage Ix required current according the discharge voltage Example Device PL312 Inom 20A Unom 120 V Desired discharge voltage 21V Ix 21 V 20 120V 3 5 For the setting first deactivate the battery discharge function push the key SET LOC and adjust the calculated value at the potentiometer SETTING A Now the battery discharge function can be activated H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 4 6 Operating Mode Voltage using the Battery Test Function Using the battery test function the operating mode constant voltage can be adjusted Activate the Battery Test Function see Battery Tests The potentiometer SETTING A has to be set to 0 to allow an operating down to the minimal voltage of the device The load SETTING B is set using potentiometer The potentiometer SETTING B will be turned on until the unit unde
13. d loose parts inside of the casing If there are damages or loose parts the device mustn t be operated If the device has been damaged while transportation please contact the car rier write a report down on the consignment bill and cause the carrier to sign it Please remember that any complaints later than three days after receiving the goods generally aren t accepted by the carrier Please inform immediately the supplier of the device 1 1 Electronic Safety The device has been manufactured and tested according to DIN EN61010 Part 1 protection measures for electronic measuring devices and controllers According to protection class 1 all touchable parts of the casing are con nected to the grounding wire For the operating of the devices all protection contact systems have to be established A It s inadmissible to remove the protection contact connection for the power cable or inside the device A If the operating could be dangerous the device has to be de activated immediately and to be secured against an inadvertant operating This can be the case if the device shows mechanical damages the device contains loose parts build up of smoke the device has been overheated liquids have poured into the device A Before opening the device voltage sources have to disconnected H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual A Checkings with open device
14. d and deactivated using the switch LOAD ON For the pushed position On the connected unit under test receives the load for non pushed position the load input becomes high impedance In the deactivated status the input resistance of the device amounts to gt 50kQ Loading using the extern control input The activation and deactivation can also take place extern using a control input at the Analog Port The control input ON_EXT has to be set on GND The following pins of the Analog I O Port are used ON EXT GND EXT Pin 4 Pin 1 This extern control input is connected to a switch at the front panel using an OR function To realize the control function exclusively over the control input the switch LOAD ON has to be deactivated 6 Master Slave Mode To increase power or current the loads of the series PL can be switched parallel using the master slave mode An input voltage can t be increased by a serial arrangement If different devices are used the different ranges for power current and voltage have to be considered At the slave devices the operating mode constant current has to be adjusted and the slave device has to be set to EXT The load terminals of the devices have to be connected to the unit under test The setting of the devices occurs at the master device Operating Mode The master device controls the current consumption of the slave devices and determines th
15. e interrupted and the quality of the measuring signals gets better H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Declaration of Conformity This declaration is valid for following product Equipment Electronic Load Type Series PL Hereby the equipment is confirmed to comply with the requirements set out in the Council Directive on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility 2004 108 EEC and the Council Directive relating to Low Voltage 73 23 EEC 2006 95 EEC The following company is responsible for this declaration H cherl amp Hackl GmbH IndustriestraBe 13 94357 Konzell The measurements were carried out in accredited laboratories For the evaluation of above mentioned Council Directives for Electromagnetic Compatibility and for Low Voltage following standards were consulted DIN EN 61326 1 DIN EN 61000 3 2 DIN EN 61000 3 3 DIN EN 61010 1 LIU Konzell 22 09 2008 Signature of responsible Persons Place Date 41 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH E lectronic Loads Series PL Your distributor Schulz 9 Electronic Professional Power Supplies Schulz Electronic GmbH Dr Rudolf Eberle Stra e 2 D 76534 Baden Baden Fon 49 7223 9636 30 Fax 49 7223 9636 90 Operating Manual 42
16. e load input exceeds 60V a touch protection for the load inputs has to be used A The voltage at the positive and negative load terminal must never exceed the max input voltage of the load A The following sketches show the maximum permissible voltages at the electronic load These are the absolute maximum ratings and must not be exceeded Please take care of the sum of the voltages at different polarity Units being damaged because of exceeding the isolation voltages are not covered by warranty H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Maximale Betriebsspannungen Maximum operating voltages 16 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 3 6 System bus interface If the device has got an IEEE488 interface the system bus input may not be connected H amp H therefore prevents connecting the system bus input in this case 4 Operating Range P short time The operating range of the device is determined by the minimum or maximum operating voltage the maximum current and the maximum power consumption Voltage The minimal operating voltage amounts to about 1 4 V Using a decreased load current it s possible to load voltages which are far under this range If the input voltage is not sufficient to control the set load the voltage display will blink 17 Current The maximum settable load current amounts to ca 102 of the specifi
17. e operating mode If the master is in the operating mode current all slaves follow the current operating of the master If the master is switched into the operating mode resistance it controls also the current of the slaves as if they were in the operating mode resistance When using devices with different current ranges or different power for the master slave operating it has to be taken in account that this mode is only possible as long as every device operates in the allowed operating range Load Distribution H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual When using only one device type for the parallel operating every device carries the same current share as well as the same power For parallel switched devices with different current ranges in the operating mode master slave the device with the higher current range carries a corresponding higher share of the overall current For parallel switched devices with considerably differing current ranges the power can t be improved considerably The devices have to be connected like this Analog I O Master Analog I O Slave 1 Analog I O Slave 2 25 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 7 Analog I O Port At the back panel a 25 pin Sub D port provides different measuring and control lines At this port analog control signals for the connection of further measuring Another dig
18. e series PL have the same alignment According the device type the front panels only differ in their widths Front Panel NM PLikecrnonc Lose 1 j cernome SSS See mom Zn m ee BE oe a OUS eee mmm Vas REM z ES SS Mer oes Phe Je fe 4 Power Switch Push button for Load Presettings Switch for Operating Mode R or Alternation Switch for Setting Potentiometer A or B Switch for Dynamic Operating Switch for Load Setting by External Signal Switch for Load on off Setting Potentiometer for Values A and B Voltage Display Current Display Setting Potentiometer for Modulator Times A and B 11 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 3 2 Connections at the Back Panel MOCHERL 4 HACKL Power Connection Selection Switch for Line Voltage Analog I O Port Load Input PL3XX for PL6XX and PL9XX at the opposite Side Connection for Protective Ground RS 232 Port IEEE 488 Port IEEE 488 Address Switch RS 232 Configuration Switch 0 System Bus Port 12 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series DS Operating Manual 3 3 Power Connection Before connecting the device to the power supply ensure that the value set at the selection switch for line voltage matches with the power connection The selection switch for line voltage can have two positions 115 V or 230 V The allowed
19. ed nominal current If there are set resistance values in the operating mode resistance that would require higher currents at corresponding input voltage the current will be limited and this state will be indicated by a blinking current display Power The device has got two limiting values for the load consumption a the nominal load b the short term load The continuous load can be consumed steadily by the device The short term load can amount upto 3 3 times as much as the continuous load The duration of the short term load depends on the height of the overload and the temperature of the power unit Beginning in a cold status cooler temperature 21 C 3 3 times of the nominal load can be consumed for about 5 seconds If the allowed power limit is exceeded the voltage display and the current display blink alternately When the unit is assembled in a 19 rack there max power because of the conditions cannot be taken restricted cooling H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Operating Modes and Load Settings The device can be used in the following operating modes Operating Mode Current C Operating Mode Resistance R The appropriate operating mode is selected using the C R Switch If the button is pushed down the operating mode R is selected If the button is not pushed down the device operates in the operating mode current C provides two sett
20. evice 3 Remove the screws of the lid at the side where the widening has to be installed 4 Mount the widening using this screws 5 Fasten the provided frames with the grip at the widening side 6 Remove the front screws of the lid at the other side 7 Mount the second frame with these screws 38 Two devices with each 2 19 Width 2 PL5XX To fit two devices with each 2 19 in one 19 rack the devices have to be connected using the assembly kit ESPLO5 2 Follow these steps 1 Remove the feet from both devices Mount the connection plates using the supplied screws M4 x 6mm 3 Remove the front screws of the lid 4 Mount a frame at the left and at the right using this screws One Device 19 PL10XX or PL15XX For the assembly of a device with 19 width the assembly kit ES PL2 is used The assembly kit is mounted according the following steps 1 Remove the front screws from the lid of the device 2 Mount frames at the left and at the right using these screws H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 11 Troubleshooting 11 1 Stability Problems by Fulfilling the Resonance Condition When testing power supplies or other circuits that stabilise an output quantity using a control loop two controllers are connected when connecting the electronic load Under certain conditions i e when the phase shift is higher than 180 and the amplification is greater than
21. inducted voltage Never twist the sense lines with current leading lines The current leading lines could be twisted too or should be at least lead parallel so that the magnetic fields are compensated partly And of course Keep all lines as short as possible If those measures don t remedy the problem try to fit a blocking capacitor for the sense lines at the Analog I O Port 11 3 Distorted Current Rise for Dynamic Operating To reach the best current rise in the dynamic operating mode several conditions have to be fulfilled H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual a The dynamic internal resistance of the voltage source has to be very low For the quickest possible current change the load can t additionally react on changes in the voltage source b The resistance of the external lines has to be very low see a c external lines have to be free from inductions Inductive external lines every cable has got an inductive component result in combination with the ohmic resistance in a limitation of the maximal possible current rise time The load can t react on a fast current rise when the connecting cables reduce the speed Moreover the external lines act als energy storage self induction and supply current in the load and the unit under test when the load is released 11 4 Measuring the Current Rise Time The measuring of the rise times must happen using a cli
22. ing SETTING A and The device potentiometers SETTING B The potentiometers are equivalent Depending on the selected operating mode the load current or the load resistance will be set Using the Switch A B the potentiometers are changed For the dynamic operating the in built clock generator is responsible for this change The LEDs beneath the potentiometers show which potentiometer is the active one For dynamic tests the LEDs are blinking in the pulse of the load change 18 4 1 Operating Mode Current The set current is independent of the input voltage A high precise current regulation guarantees that changes of the input voltage won t affect the load current Usage Load testing of power supplies Measurement of the internal resistance of voltage sources Measurement of capacitance of batteries and accumulators If the input voltage is too low to control the set load the voltage display will blink Pre Setting To pre set the current without a connected unit under test push the key labeled SET LOC The amperemeter display shows the current that will flow after connecting the unit under test For tests where the unit under test mustn t be pre loaded for setting aspects for example for the capacity measurement of batteries the load values can be set using this method H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual If the unit under test is alread
23. input Pre Setting When controlling the load current by the analog control input of the Analog Port the key SET LOC shows what current the voltage at the control input will set 4 5 Battery Tests H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual For testing batteries and accumulators the device provides a settable discharge voltage When reaching the discharge voltage the discharge current is reduced The device changes in a constant voltage operating mode and the over discharging of the cells is avoided The battery test function is activated by connecting the following lines of the Analog Port VMIN Pin 17 GND EXT Pin 1 If the line VMIN is connected with GND EXT the LED at the potentiometer for SETTING A blinks This potentiometer determines the discharge voltage The potentiometer for SETTING B determines the discharge current Battery discharging can take place in the operating modes current and resistance as well as controlled by an external analog control signal Dynamic loads are not possible Pre Setting For presetting the load values the presetting function is used that has been already described with the other operating modes For the support of presetting the discharge voltage a power supply unit can be used First the potentiometer for the discharge voltage is turned to zero as far to the left as possible Afterwards the required discharge volt
24. ital signal is provided for the recognition of a device The device input can be controlled using this jack The parallel switching of several devices takes place by connections at the analog port The inputs of the Analog port must not exceed 125VDC against protective ground Look at chapter 3 5 The cable at the analog I O port should be not longer than 2m instruments can be read 7 1 Signals and Functions Analog Measuring Outputs Signal Pin Direction level union PPROP E 9 Output O 10V power proportional measuring signal MASTER control nz for parallel switching REF_EXT 18 Output ca 10 2V referencevoltage lt GNDA_EXT er GND for analog measuring signals 20 Trigger Functions Signal Pin Direction level Function TRG IN TTL E Trigger input for interface trigger functions TRG OUT TIL A Trigger output for dynamic loads load potentiometers A B 2 Input TTL E Switchable input for SETTING A B 26 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Sense Lines Signal Pin Direction Level Function N 13 Input Input Leading line sense for the voltage measuring voltage only by 60V and 120V devices SENSE 24 Input Input Leading line sense for the voltage measuring voltage only by 60V and 120V devices Analog Control Inputs Signal__ Pin Direction level Function mI ee Control a for an e
25. l amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 7 5 External Load Activation The load activation and deactivation can take place over a control input of the I O port Set the control input ON EXT as GND This external control input has to be connected to the switch at the front panel using an OR function To set the control function exclusively over the control input the switch LOAD ON has to be deactivated The switching of the load input can take place using different methods a by the normally open contact of an external relay SPS etc For a closed relay or switch contact the load input will be activated b by an activated transistor If the control voltage Ue is so high that the transistor gets activated the load input will be activated c by a logic output with active low For a low level at the gate the load input will be activated 7 6 Status Signal for Overload At the Analog I O Port a output with open collector is provided 16 To receive a TIL Status Signal this output can be connected to the built in pull up resistor Pin 14 The output will go HIGH as long as one of the following protection facilities is activated Over Temperature Protection OTP Over Power Protection OPP Over Current Protection OCP Over Voltage Protection OVP H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 8 Protection Facilities Overview Overload Dis
26. measuring The power proportional signal Pprop is provided at pin 9 of the port and is measured against GNDA pin 7 or pin 20 of the port The measuring output can be loaded with minimum 1kQ 31 Master Output MASTER The measuring signal MASTER provides an analog voltage for adjusting the current set point It is used as control signal for the master slave operating of several devices It provides 0 10V for a current range of 0 Imax of the device The master signal MASTER is provided at pin 21 of the port and is measured against GNDA pin 7 or pin 20 of the port When the device input LOAD ON is deactivated the master signal provides a negative voltage of about 12V and causes the connected slaves to deactivate the current Pin 21 Pin 12 lt The measuring output can be loaded with minimum 1kQ H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Reference Output REF_EXT The measuring signal REF_EXT provides a stable reference voltage of about 10 2V This voltage is provided for an external usage for example the remote controlling using an external potentiometer The reference REF_EXT is provided at pin 8 of the port and is measured against GNDA pin 7 or pin 20 of the port Pin 8 lt Pin 720 The measuring output can be loaded with minimum 1kQ 32 Example for the remote controlling using an external potentiometer H cher
27. ng Characteristic U I Curves If the load current is set higher than the short circuit current several voltage points can be set by varying the discharge voltage at the potentiometer SETTING A The corresponding load current is shown at the ammeter In this way it s possible to simulate the operating mode Constant Voltage In the operating mode resistance it s not possible to load up to full short circuit because a resistance setting down to 0Q is not possible When the sense terminals are connected the short circuit is controlled up to the position where the sense terminals are connected to the output terminals of the unit under test That means the resistance of the load cables will be taken in account and controlled The load terminals even can get slightly negative to compensate the power loss at the load cables In this way it s even possible to set a real short circuit using longer cables what s not possible by power switches H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 10 19 Fitting For the assembly of the devices in a 19 rack several assembly kits are provided One Device Y2 19 PL5XX To fit a device with 19 in a 19 rack the assembly kit ESPLO5 1 is used to widen the device The assembly kit is mounted according the following steps 1 Decide whether the device shall be on the left or on the right side of the rack 2 Remove the feet of the d
28. operating range amounts to 10 of the line voltage A Ensure the correct connection of the grounding wire The device must not be operated if the grounding wire is not connected Schutzleiteranschluss l x 13 After establishing the connection with the voltage line the device is activated by pushing the switch labeled Power The device is active when the button is pushed down Pushing the button again will deactivate the device EMC reasons require that the device case must be connected to the potential earth of the complete system with a wire of a minimum cross section of 2 5qmm AWG13 For this the 4mm female at the device s rear panel must be used Safety earth screw H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 3 4 _ Connection of the Unit under Test Depending on the device type the unit under test can be connected at the back of the device using touchsafe terminals or power bars Connection of the Unit under Test The terminals labeled Input are the live inputs For the devices upto 120V nominal voltage there are additional leading lines sense for the voltage measuring This leading lines are provided at the Analog Port and have to be lead in separate lines upto the voltage measurement If there is no connection at the terminals labeled Sense the voltage will be 14 measured automatically at the terminals labeled Input
29. p on probe of sufficient speed for example Tektronix Current Measurement The current measuring using shunts results often in wrong values because the most measuring shunts are not free of induction Such measurings inevitably result in slower rise times with considerable overshoot 40 11 5 Distorted Anlaog Measurement Signals Especially for the testing of pulsed current supplies it can happen that the measuring signals for voltage current etc at the Anlaog Port are distorted The reason is founded in the construction of the measuring circuit Pulsed current supplies have got filters in the output circuit including so called Y condensators that are switched from the output to the grounding wire of the device Moreover the electronic load and other measuring instruments contain filters EMV Because of the Common Mode disturbing voltage voltage that both output connections of the current supply have against the grounding wire a fault current flows through the fault clearance condensator crossing the load or connected measuring instruments back to the load output This disturbing current often results in high frequency overlays at the measuring signals Especially high disturbing voltages are caused for dynamic tests Supply the electronic load and or the further connected measuring instruments with low coupling capacity using an isolating transformator The disturbing current circuit will b
30. play and Overload Display AMP VOLT Current Limitatoin Several protection facilities have been tem Over Voltage realised to protect the device against AMP L VOLT _1 Under Voltage overload They prevent the damaging of EEEE the device if it s operated incorrectly or AMP VOLT if the unit under test is defect The 4 t Power following protection facilities are er CET Limitation provided AMP VOLT Current Limitation pT TTT Ta p7777777 Over e _ Power Limitation L AMP p VOLT 4 Temperature e OverVoltage Protection 8 LLLLLLLLN Over Temperature Protection I blinking Reverse Connection Protection EHRE e _ Under Voltage Recognition If one of the protection facilities is triggered this will be signalized by a blinking voltage and or current display At the Analog Port a control signal is provided that signalizes the overload of the device Detailled description see Analog I O Port 34 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Current Limitation In the operating mode resistance the in built current limitation can be triggered The current limitation is activated when the load current amounts to about 110 of the set current range The device limits the current to the maximum allowed value and continues as soon as the current is back in the nominal range If the current limitation takes place the current display blinks
31. portional to the adjusted input voltage It provides O 10V for an input voltage from 0 Unom of the device Detailled information is provided in the technical data sheet The measuring signal references always to the nominal input voltage of the device The current proportional measuring signal Uprop is provided at pin 22 of the port and is measured against GNDA_EXT pin 7 or pin 20 oft the port The measuring output can be loaded with minimum 1kQ 30 Current Proportional Measuring Signal E The measuring signal IPROP E provides an analog voltage that is proportional to the flowing load current It provides O 10V for a load current of 0 Inom of the device Detailled information about the accuracy is provided in the technical data sheet proportional The current measuring signal IPROP is provided at pin 10 of the port and is measured against GNDA pin 7 or pin 20 of the port The measuring output can be loaded with minimum 1kQ H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Power Proportional Measuring Signal PPROP_E The measuring signal PRPOP_E provides an analog voltage that is proportional to the consumpted power It provides 0 10V for a load consumption of 0 PMAX of the device PMAX is the short term consumption of the devices load Detailled information about the accuracy is provided in the technical data sheet
32. r test gets into current limitation When the voltage at the unit under test breaks down the input voltage decreases down to the minimal voltage of the device Now this setting can be adjusted by turning on potentiometer SETTING A By varying the voltage at potentiometer SETTING A different voltage points can be adjusted The voltmeter shows the adjusted voltage the amperemeter shows the corresponding current When the sense terminals connected the voltage is controlled at the position where the sense terminals are connected to the output terminals of the unit under test 23 4 7 Loading up to Short Circuit The devices with sense terminals all 60V and 120V models can load DUTs up to total short circuit using an external power supply The power supply must be able to supply the maximum load current of the application The voltage should be about 2V or 3V You have to set battery test mode see chapter 5 5 Potentiometer A must be set to 0 Potentiometer B adjusts the load current is connected as The power supply shown Sense electronic If potentiometer A is at O the current is reduced when reaching short circuit At most the short circuit current flows If potentiometer B is opened maximum the variation of potentiometer A simulates a voltage opertion mode down to OV H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 5 Load on off The load is activate
33. rged At expiration of the guarantee period H amp H repair Material and work time are charged The repair takes place at H amp H Forwarding expenses to H amp H and the back dispatch are to be paid by the orderer Repair locally Material and work time for the repair are charged The costs for travelling driven km and if necessary overnight accommodation are charged 1 3 Maintenance and Cleaning For the maintenance of the devices all cooling paths have to be cleaned regularly because of the force ventilation there will be dust on the cooling bars and fans This dust can cause that the device doesn t fulfil its nominal performance and maybe is shutoff because of overtemperature Do the cleaning with compressed air Deactivate the device and disconnect it from all voltages Now the top and bottom plate can be removed to allow access to all positions Blow the air also through the back panel at the cooling bars because there can be a lot of dust The cover and the front panel may only be cleaned by a cloth moistured by pure water Obstinate dirt may be removed by using glass detergent When cleaning the cover make sure that no liquids flow into the device H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 1 4 Calibration De Several important settings of the devices should be checked in regularly time intervals for example the setting precision and the
34. tage 1 4 V for full nominal current linear derating to OV Max Load Current 100A Rise and Fall Time 75 us 1096 90 Inom Operating Modes Constant Current Constant Resistance I U Operating Setting Ranges Current 0 100A Resistance from 0 05 Ohm Setting Accuracy Current 0 496 of Setting 0 05 96 of Current Range Resistance 5 96 of Setting 0 5 96 of Current Range between 5 to 100 of Voltage Range Long time Stability better 0 2 96 Temperature Coefficient 200 ppm C Presetting Function Current with direct display of the setting in A Accuracy 0 296 plus Setting Accuracy in the particular operating mode Dynamic Functions Two adjustable Load Levels O 100 A Two Activation Times 0 5 ms 500 ms 10 96 0 2 ms Analog Programming 0 10V for Current Setting O 100A 0 5Vfor Current Setting O 100A Accuracy 10V 0 5 of setting 20mV 5V 1 5 of setting 20mV Input Resistance 20 10 kQ for 10V 5V Allowed Potential 2V of the GND Control Input to negative Load Input H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Measurement Outputs 0 10V for Current 100 A Voltage 60 V Power 1800 W Master for Master Slave Connection Reference 10 5V 4 Accuracy Current 0 3 96 of setting 20 mV Voltage 0 2 96 of setting 20 mV Power 5 of setting 30mV Parallel Operation Upto 5 devices in Master Slave Mode Connections Load Input FK8 Sense Inp
35. ut SUB D Input Resistance gt 50kQ for deactivated Input Cooling Two phased temperature controlled fan cooling Mains Supply 115 230V 10 50 60Hz Mains Input Fuse at 230V 2 TT 5 x 20mm 250V serial at 115V 2 TT 0 44 5 x 20mm 250V parallel Power Consumption 50 VA Mechanics Dimensions Width 19 444mm Height 2HU 88 9mm Depth 390mm Weight 12 kg Noise 59 dBA Safety EMV see CE Declaration Security Power Limitation Current Limitation Overvoltage Limitation Overtemperature Protection Transient Protection Reverse Connection Protection up to max load current Potential of the inputs terminals the input terminals are isolated against the earth potential It may be shifted with max 125 V from the earth potential H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Programming Setting Functions Current 12 Bit Resolution 100 A 4096 Resistance 12 Bit Resolution non linear because of the function 1 x Measurement Functions Current 13 Bit Resolution 100 A 8192 Voltage 13 Bit Resolution 60 V 8192 Power is calculated using voltage and current measurements Accuracy 0 3 3 LSB Measurement Rate ca 100 ms The indicated accuracies refer to an ambient temperature of 25 C 5 C 10 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 3 Operating 3 1 Control Elements The control elements of all devices of th
36. xternal analog control signal O E I GND fr ET ee a an external analog control signal 0 signal 10V eq e CND for control input for an external analog control signal 0 Digital Control Inputs Pin ON EXT 4 TTL E Control input for external load activation NMIN 17 Switchable input for battery test function GND EXT 1 Ground fer digital signals Digital Control Signals Pin Function STAT OL 16 Status output for overlaod In built Pull Up Resistance Pin Function PULUP 14 sv Pull Up Resistance 2 2 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Not connected Pins Pin Funcion Fundion 7 2 Allowed Levels Description Open Collector max 30 V DC 100 mA 0 5V TTL A internal Pull Up about 8 kO Level for Active High 30 V DC 28 H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 7 3 Connector Pin Assignment OONOORWN 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 29 A Attention Never connect a pin of the Analog I O Port with the negative or positive input of the device The device could be damaged H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 7 4 Analog Control Signals Voltage Proportional Measuring Signal UPROP_E The measuring signal UPROP_E provides an analog voltage that is pro
37. y connected and shouldn t be loaded while setting the load input LOAD ON has to be deactivated For the presetting the key SET LOC has to be pushed and the desired set point has to be adjusted using the selected setting potentiometer The amperemeter shows the load value that is put onto the unit under test after activating the input 19 4 2 Operating Mode Resistance The current conforms to Ohm s Law and changes linearly with the input voltage Ampere Usage Replacement of power resistors Measurement of the V C transition of power supplies If the input voltage is too low to control the set load the voltage display will blink Pre Setting To preset the resistance the load voltage has to be put onto the input If the key labeled Set Local is pushed the amperemeter shows the current that would flow through the set resistance The set resistance is calculated using the input voltage at the current display H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Pull Up Pin 14 4 3 Dynamic Operating Mode Dynamic loads are supported under the operating modes activate a dynamic load push the button DYN Using the potentiometers for SETTING A and SETTING B two different load levels are adjustable The duty cycles for the load values A and B determined using the potentiometers TIME A und TIME B The setting range amounts to 0 5 ms
38. y 1 6 Device Symbols IEEE488 cable with good shielding shall be used Sufficient cooling has to be provided The air input i e the front panel as well as the air output i e the back panel have to be free to provide a sufficient cooling The distance between back panel and wall or other things has to be at least 70 cm to avoid heat build ups When fitting the device into a rack a free air output has to be guaranteed A Never operate the device while the back door is shut A For back doors with integrated air grid the performance of the device can decrease A For higher environment temperatures a performance derating has to be taken in account see Technical Data Meaning Direct Current DC Alternating Current AC Direct or Alternating Current Three Phase Alternating Current Grounding Protective Grounding Wire Chassis Ground Equipotential Connection On Energy Off Energy Continuous Double or Encreased Isolating Wire Warning Dangerous Electrical Voltage Warning Danger Area H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual 2 Technical Data Electronic Load Model PL1006 Standard Limits Continuous Power 1000 W for T4 upto 21 C Short term Power 1800 W Duration and Height are dependent on the temperature of the cooling aggregate Derating 1 2 C for Ty gt 21 C Max Input Voltage 60 V Min Input Vol
39. y cases Warranty excludes expendable parts and consumer material as well as fuses relays contactors and air filters Defects originating from the transportation are also excluded from the warranty Location of the warranty fulfillment is 94357 Konzell It s the client s duty to deliver the faulty device together with a detailled description of the detected faults carriage free Please provide a telephone number and a contact person for queries For warranty repairs at the clients location the travelling expenses will be debited For the delivery by carrier or packet delivery services it s recommended to use the original packing Devices starting from a size of 6HU are to be fastened on a pallet We advise against delivery by postal services If the original packing is not available you can order it by H cherl amp Hackl cost price Please specify the device type Packages that are not carriage free will not be accepted H amp H Service Within the guarantee period H amp H guarantee H cherl amp Hackl GmbH Electronic Loads Series PL Operating Manual Material and work time are free The repair takes place at H amp H Forwarding expenses to H amp H are to be paid by the orderer H amp H takes over the costs of the back dispatch Guarantee locally Material and work time locally are free The costs for travelling driven km and if necessary overnight accommodation are cha
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