Using Your Adapt9S12E128 Microcontroller Module
Contents
1. mounting holes 0 15 typ puts 3 00 0 125 Mp Switc H2 Secondary I O or Memory Expansion i H2 AR 0OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO0OOO AOOOODDODDODDOODODODOOOOOODO O2s DC In TBI PAG 4 R12 ON RESET C2 6 to 12V o zus a Load Run nen C14 A me D U8 ST S O LE DOF 0 c13 2 E oro lez K R RS MODB JB Ada pt9S 12E1 ie ae Oe Low dropout 3 3 5V adjustable regulator AT d o sa Wz Www lechnologicalans com avec G yO mounted on reverse side TOS TS ris o LOO Soe 91 RITO Note tab is not Ground 5 pol 1 119 je ep ae srr 9 O 5 MODA cie 0 a O O 4 pin RS232C 229 lol o J S aio 4 interface 2 las a lt mE Na J A cis iros O3 Ag o on SCI1 Ol gR BS RIs ag C Le oy 4 m6 2 O GL a N E ME Dcn Lall E 5 lt s S C N L o Jo2. lt Data8 16 gt Register Modify CCR lt Data8 gt Set CCR register D lt Data16 gt Set D register PC lt Data16 gt Set PC register PP lt Data8 gt Set PP register SP lt Data16 gt Set SP register X lt Data16 gt Set X register Y lt Data16 gt Set Y register a MEMORY MODIFY BF lt StartAdd gt lt EndAdd gt lt Data8 gt Block fill BFW lt StartAdd gt lt EndAdd gt lt Data16 gt Block fill word MD lt StartAdd gt lt EndAdd gt Memory display MDW lt StartAdd gt lt EndAdd gt Memory display word MM lt Address gt lt Data8 gt Memory modify byte MMW lt Address gt lt Data16 gt Memory modify word NS FLASH FBULK Flash bulk erase FLOAD B M Flash load DEVICE INFO DEVICE Get device name GO HALT GO lt StartAddress gt Start execution HALT Halt execution RESET Reset target ee GUI CON lt Comport gt Connect to target DISCON Disconnect from target EXIT Terminate GUI HELP Display help OP lt Opacity gt Set main GUI opacity see section 2 4 of this manual for details APPENDIX C COMPONENT PLACEMENT AND PINOUT
3. S 6 Sames 8 MHz crystal HS S d o o a O a O J C Spray B oo joo HIS T S cf E oj 10 9 pin female D sub G RS Gime ES Do sca e QO a S TRS SI DAC Out O ONO mo r3 GL JO on SCIO T4 RS232 Olpsags a vee K 13 0 050 typ CODODDOODOOOROOOOOOO is ODODDODDOOOOOOROM OO Ox RS232 RS485 Select for SCI1 5300 H1 Primary I O Pin 1 location f 3 25 all dimensions in inches Adapt9S12E128 CONNECTOR PINOUTS SIGNAL NAME PIN SIGNAL NAME PIN SIGNAL NAME PA7 ADDR15 DATA15 PA6 ADDR14 DATA14 PA5 ADDR13 DATA13 PA4 ADDR12 DATA12 PA3 ADDR11 DATA11 PA2 ADDR10 DATA10 PA1 ADDR9 DATA9 PS4 MISO GROUND PS5 MOSI GROUND PS6 SCK PSO RXDO PS7 SS 5VDC PS1 TXDO PE1 IRQ PT7 10C17 PEO XIRQ PT6 IOC16 RESET PT5 10C15 PE7 NOACC XCLKS PAO ADDR8 DATA8 PT4 10C14 PUO PWM10 10C24 PB7 ADDR7 DATA7 PT3 10C07 PUT PWM11 10C25 PB6 ADDR6 DATA6 PT2 10C06 PU2 PWM1 2 10C26 PB5 ADDR5 DATA5 PT1 IOCO5 PU3 PWM1 3 10C27 PB4 ADDR4 DATA4 PTO IOCO4 PU4 PWM14 PB3 ADDR3 DATA3 PM1 DAC1 PU5 PWM15 PB2 ADDR2 DATA2 PMO DACO PU6 PB1 ADDR1 DATA1 PP5 PMF5 PU7 PBO ADDRO DATAO PP4 PMF4 PS2 RXD1 R W PE2 PP3 PMF3 PE4 ECLK ECLK PE4 PP2 PMF2 PS3 TXD1 LSTRB PE3 PP1 PMF1 VRL IRQ PE1 PPO PMFO VRH PM7 SCL PADO KWADO PAD4 KWAD4 PAD8 KWAD8 PAD1 KWAD1 PAD5 KWAD5 PAD9 KWAD9 PAD2 KWAD2 PAD6 KWAD6 PAD10 KWAD10 PAD3 KWAD3 PAD7 KWAD7 PAD11 KWAD11 OONAOHWDN SOON G Ln E GKM NOTES indicates active low signal 16 PIN 0 125 dia 4 places IIC Connector Rese
4. Adapt9S12DemoH1 shown It includes a light sensor thermistor and a couple of logic MOSFETs If you re interested in more sophisticated software debugging you may wish to consider adding a RAM expansion card Adapt9S12MX1 shown Together with a BDM pod it will enable you to use third party source level debuggers for more productive code development For robotics applications you may wish to consider adding a Servo Sensor Interface Module Adapt9S12SSIM shown to interface to popular hobby servos distance measuring sensors and add sound output and sensing capabilities The SSIM plugs onto H1 of the MCU module Embedded web servers and internet connectivity for microcontrollers are getting a lot of attention these days If you are interested in exploring such applications you may be interested in a 100 BaseT LAN card Adapt9S12LAN shown that works with Adapt9S12E128 running in expanded mode a A 12 APPENDIX A SERIAL MONITOR INTRODUCTION This appendix describes the Freescale 2 Kbyte monitor program for the HC9S12 series MCU This program supports 23 primitive debug commands to allow FLASH EEPROM programming and debug through an RS232 serial interface to a personal computer These include commands to reset the target MCU read or modify memory including FLASH EEPROM memory read or modify CPU registers go halt or trace single instructions In order to allow a user to specify the address of each interrupt
5. only 8 MHz the MCU is capable of running at a much higher speed The phase locked loop feature of the MCU allows you to boost the bus speed by an integer multiple of the crystal frequency so by enabling the PLL you can actually run the MCU at 24MHz 3 8 IRDA A popular wireless interface on PDAs and some personal computers is IrDA The MCU supports the variable bit length protocol required by IrDA so an IrDA physical interface has been included on the module The device used is made by Vishay and the manufacturer s data sheet is included on the CD Consult the data sheet for details on how to use the IR sensitivity and Shutdown features of this device Freescale has prepared an application note and software example for an IrDA stack for the E128 These are also included on the CD 3 9 D BUG12 MODE SELECT Some previous HCS12 chips had versions of Freescale s D Bug12 debug monitor program available for them As of this writing D Bug12 is not available for the E series chips Since the 2K serial monitor debugger is included on chip there is no need for D Bug12 and it is likely not going to be imple mented The Mode Select jumper block was implemented on the circuit board anyway in case some customers wish to implement their own monitor program 4 1 IMPACT OF THE SERIAL MONTIOR When you are working without a BDM pod the Serial Monitor program is the only method available to load and erase flash It is in a protected block of f
6. such claim alleges that the manufacturer was negligent regarding the design or implementation of the product Product features availablility and prices may change without notice All trademarks used in this document are the property of their respective holders 1 1 CONGRATULATIONS With Adapt9S12E128 you are now ready to explore the power and flexi bility of Freescale s most advanced 16 bit microcontroller Whether you re new to Freescale microcontrollers or you ve used some of the earlier ones such as 68HCO05 68HC11 or 68HC12 you ll be impressed with the well thought out design and implementation of the HCS12 family And Adapt9S12E128 gives you the opportu nity to explore the E family s potential at a very affordable price Add to that the proven advantages of our modular design approach and the wide variety of available accessories and you ll see why you picked a real winner 1 2 SUPPORT To help you get the most out of this product and to make the experience as enjoyable and productive as possible we ve put together a comprehensive website loaded with resources support and applications information If you experience any difficulties or need help with your application the World Wide Web is arguably the most valuable resource available to you There you ll find the latest information software and troubleshooting help as well as discussion groups where you can network with people around the globe to get the answers you
7. t be a problem with the existing versions The modified functions are included on the CD ROM to get you started To use the SCI make sure to include E128 _fochar c and E128 _serial c Also you ll need the complete vector file for the E128 which is called E728 _vectors c Unzip E128 C zip and place hcs12e128 h in c icc include or in your equivalent path Make sure to place E128 _Vectors c in the same folder as your project and add it to you project via the add file menu item 4 4 HELLO WORLD PROGRAM First of all create a new project from the Project menu Then create a new file and save it as HelloWorld c Add it to the Project by right clicking in the Project Panel and using Add Files to add it to the Files section Next type in the following code define SC include lt hcs12e128 h gt pragma nonpaged function _ start extern void _ start void entry point in crt12 s extern int _textmode int putchar char c if textmode amp amp c An putchar r while SCOSR1 amp TDRE 0 SCODRL c return C l void main INTR_ON need for the SerialMonitor DDRP 0x01 Enable LED SCIOBD 26 9600 Baud SCIOCR2 Ox0C enable transmitter and receiver puts Hello World pragma abs_address OxFFFE void interrupt_vectors void _ start Reset L Since puts calls putchar we define it before invoking it in main Main has an implicit _Start e
8. 232 port imple mented via SCI1 of the MCU is brought out to a Standard 4 pin Molex connector An op tional serial cable FSCPC9 compatible with this connector is available from Technological Arts An RS 485 transceiver circuit is also attached to SCI1 Use jumper block JB8 to select between the RS485 interface or the second RS232 interface mentioned above RS 485 is commonly used for networking industrial control applications where long cable lengths and good noise immunity are re quired For multi drop operation a jumperable termination resistor RQ is provided via W11 An IrDA transceiver is implemented on the third SCI SCI2 Jumper blocks JB6 and JB7 are used to select parameters for IrDA operation Consult the schematic and the IrDA device datasheet to deter mine the best settings for yopur application To maximize versatility the logic level RXD and TXD signals from all three SCls of the MCU are also brought out to the 50 pin headers H1 and H2 for applications such as MIDI or for use as general purpose l O lines For these applications jumper wires on the board can be cut or removed if neces sary Check the schematic for the relevant pins and jumper wires In passing it should be mentioned that the MCU also supports SPI and IIC also called I2C Since these are logic level protocols meant for local communications among peripheral chips no transceivers are required nor are they provided Commonly used SPI and I2C chips and m
9. GRAMS We ve included a few demo programs on the CD ROM also available from the product webpage to give you a starting point There are some examples in C and some in assembler The sourcecode is included so you re free to modify them all you want 2 3 THE SOUND DEMO A sound demo program is included which uses the two DAC channels to playback a WAV audio file An op amp on the board buffers the DAC outputs so it can drive ste Re y y 15 x reo headphones or amplified speak ers of the sort commonly used with a elie personal computer After loading the sound demo switch to Run Mode via switch SW2 Connect the supplied serial cable between the 9 pin con nector on the module To hear the audio playback emitted from the DAC attach the included 3 wire cable between connector J6 to a pair of amplified speakers such as are com monly used with a personal computer Set the volume control to a moderate level and apply the included power source to your setup You should immediately hear an audio playback Monitor Active Unknow Eror COM2 Device y on the speakers Display Area 2 4 USING THE DEBUG MONITOR uBug12 is a Windows based graphical user interface GUI for the Freescale s HCS12 Serial Monitor program lt aims to emulate the most common debug monitor commands and to provide an easy to use interface The following paragraphs will help you get started with uBug12 Install uBug12 from the included CD simply by unzippi
10. PANDED MODE OPERATION Note this mode is not available on Adapt9S12EQ128 A jumper block JB1 is provided for setting MODA and MODB logic levels These levels are sensed by the MCU after reset to determine the chip s operating mode single chip narrow expanded or wide expanded memory modes You will normally run the MCU in single chip mode so that the monitor functions are available In this mode all I O ports are available for user applications In expanded modes the multiplexed address and data bus lines are formed from PORTA PORTB and PORTK on the second 50 pin connector H2 and are thus not available as I O ports When operated in this mode additional memory can be added externally To 2 make it easier for you a low cost RAM card is available Order Code AD9S12MX1 By HCS12 CPU plugging this card into H2 you can develop your programs in RAM instead of using the MCU s flash memory You ll need to use a BDM pod however since the resident monitor program does not directly support external memory 1 8 COMMUNICATIONS Two RS232C compatible serial inter face ports RX amp TX only are included on Adapt9512E128 allowing communication with a PC or any other device which has an RS 232 serial port The primary RS232 channel implemented on SCIO of the MCU is available via a 9 pin D sub connector In LOAD mode it is used to talk to the resident monitor In RUN mode it is available for your application The second RS
11. Using Your Adapt9S12E128 Microcontroller Module www technologicalarts com Revison 1a DISCLAIMER While we have made every effort to avoid errors in the preparation of this manual we cannot be held responsible for any misinformation or omissions that may have occurred Furthermore as manufacturer of this product Technological Arts sole liability and the buyer s exclusive remedy shall be refund of the amount paid or repair or replacement of the product at the manufacturer s option The manufacturer disclaims all other warranties expressed or implied including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose with respect to the product and accompanying written material hardware and firmware In no event shall the manufacturer or its suppliers be held liable for any damages whatsoever including without limitation damages for loss of business profits business interruption loss of business information or any other loss arising out of the use of or inability to use the product even if the manufacturer has been advised of the possibility of such damages The product is not designed intended nor authorized for use in applications in which the failure of the product could bring about a scenario in which personal injury or death may occur If used in any such unintended or unauthorized application the manufacturer and its suppliers shall be held harmless against all claims even if any
12. al converter on the MCU If you wish to use a precision voltage reference you may insert an LM385 or LM336 or equivalent part in location U2 Make sure it is a TO 92 style package Remove jumper W11 only if you wish to use a VRL other than system ground It is easiest to use a 2 5V reference but you ll have to make sure none of your analog input voltages will exceed 2 5V or you risk burning out the analog input circuits If you use a 5V reference chip you ll need to supply it with more than 5V To supply it from Vin from J1 move link JB9 to the pin1 pin2 location Refer to the board schematic if you re unclear on what to do If you are operating the board in 3Volt mode make sure not to exceed the 3V limit on VRH Consult the MCU datasheet to ensure that you do not exceed the manufacturer s limits on the voltage reference pins 3 4 ABOUT THE ON BOARD VOLTAGE REGULATOR Adapt9512E128 includes an LM1086CT ADJ voltage regulator Housed in a TO 220 package it is capable of dissipating about 500 mW at room temperature Other nice features are reasonably low quiescent current and low dropout voltage it will work with an input voltage down to about 5 Volts making it quite well suited to battery operation It is also designed to withstand reverse polarity One drawback however is that it can become unstable and start to oscillate at low temperatures especially if the input voltage source is connected to J1 via long wires If low temperature operatio
13. e writing software for a completely blank chip and loading it in via a BDM pod you ll need to change these values to work with the default RAM address range see the MCU datasheet this programflashes LED D1 on PPO twice a second include lt hcs12e128 h gt define DUMMY_ENTRY void void OxFFFF pragma nonpaged_function _startextern void _start void entry point in crt12 s void main INTR_ON needed for the SerialMonitor DDRP 0x01 Enable LED port RTICTL 0x7F Set RTI divider for 4Hz time base CRGFLG 0x80 Clear the RTI Flag CRGINT 0x80 Enable the RTI pragma interrupt_handler rt handler void rti_handler CRGFLG 0x80 Clear the RTI Flag PTP 0x01 Toggle LED INTR_ON Enable Interrupts pragma abs_address 0xFFFO void interrupt_vectors void rti_ handler Real Time Interrupt DUMMY_ENTRY IRQ DUMMY ENTRY FXIRQ DUMMY ENTRY SWI DUMMY ENTRY Unimplement Intruction Trap DUMMY_ENTRY COD failure reset DUMMY ENTRY Clock monitor fail reset _ start Reset 4 3 OTHER E128 ISSUES WITH ICC12 Because the register addresses have changed from what they were in HC12 meaning the header file is different for the E128 some library files in ICC12 will need to be re compiled using the new header file if you want to use them Of course if you re not using library functions or you are using functions that don t involve registers then there won
14. er for this monitor to function the SCIO serial interface is used It is assumed that the monitor has exclusive use of this interface User application code should not implement communications on this serial channel This monitor accommodates RS232 serial communications through SCIO at 115 2 kbaud 13 For applications requiring the use of SCIO you should purchase a BDM pod which allows for more advanced debugging VECTOR REDIRECTION AND INTERRUPT USE Access to the user vectors is accomplished via a jump table located within the monitor memory space This table points all interrupt sources to a duplicate vector table located just below the monitor F 780 F7FE The monitor will automatically redirect vector programming operations to these user vectors The user s code should therefore continue to implement the normal non monitor vector loca tions SFF80 FFFE If execution of an interrupt with an un programmed vector is attempted behavior is undefined For this reason the user is strongly encouraged to implement a software trace for all vec tors aS is good programming practice The monitor depends on interrupts being available for monitor re entry after GO or TRACE commands Therefore it is important that the user application executes with interrupts enabled 14 APPENDIX B UBUG12 COMMAND LIST REGISTERS RD Register Display RM lt RegisterName gt
15. fore hitting lt EN TER gt 2 5 NEW TO FREESCALE MICROCONTROLLERS If you ve come from an 8051 PIC or other background or have never used microcontrollers before you should get up to speed on Freescale MCUs by reading Understanding Small Microcontrol lers found on the CD ROM Written by Freescale s Jim Sibigtroth principal design engineer of the HC12 family this excellent book uses an earlier MCU 68HC05 to introduce you to the basic concepts and design philosophy upon which the 9512 was built You should also make sure to have a copy of the HC11 Reference Manual since it contains detailed descriptions and examples for many of the hardware subsystems 2 6 MIGRATING FROM 68HC11 If you are already experienced with the 68HC11 family of microcontrollers writing programs for the HCS12 family will not present a big challenge don t throw away your HC11 Reference Manual the trusty pink book In fact you can use your existing 68HC11 assembly code and re assemble it to run on the CPU12 core but there are a few things to keep in mind Assembler syntax You may need to edit your source file to conform to the syntax and directives requirements of the HC12 assembler you ll be using There are several assemblers available eg AS12 MiniIDE IASM12 MCUez and each has its own syntax to be aware of Register Block Instead of 1000 the register block default location is 0000 through 03FF and there are a few hundred registers Y
16. he protected registers Instead the HC12 implements a WriteOnce rule on sensitive registers What this means is that following reset you have one chance to write them then they become Read Only The advantage of this is that you have more control of when you alter these register values To take advantage of this safeguard you should initialize all the registers that are crucial even if the default values are what you want That way if your code runs amok or there are any glitches which try to change register values they will be protected There are many more differences and you should make sure to read through the Freescale App Note AN1284 on the CD ROM that details the new instructions and addressing modes of the 68HC12 explaining differences from the 68HC11 The book Programming the Freescale 68HC12 Family FPMMO929 available from Technological Arts thoroughly covers all the subsystems of the 68HC12 providing highlights of the differences with respect to 68HC11 and is recommended reading 2 7 MIGRATING FROM THE 68HC912 You gain a lot more speed memory and flexibility but you have a lot more registers to think about and many of their addresses have changed Gone are the Vfp generator and flash voltage switch since the new flash technology uses 5V and has built in self timed algorithms for program and erase functions But your s records must contain an even number of bytes and begin on an even ad dress boundary if you re goi
17. k up some clever way to hack it apart and make it fit inside your robot or product prototype Even then the prototyping area provided is often limited and does not lend itself to re usability And what if you burn out a chip the night before the contest or prod uct demo What a mess to repair or re design The Adapt9S12 system solves all of these problems and more Since it brings out all I O lines and control signals to two standard 50 pin interface connectors it is modular and re usable Interface cards can be unplugged and upgraded or the whole system can be re configured at the last minute And with several connector options to choose from you can use the module in whatever way best suits your needs board stacking end to end planar backplane ribbon cables etc A full range of acceso ries including backplanes prototyping cards and application specific cards is available and more acces sories are being developed all the time Make a point to visit our website from time to time just to see what s new The connector options RA1 supplied in the Evaluation Package support the use of prototyp ing cards on each of the H1 and H2 I O connectors forming a planar arrangement Advantages of this configuration are easy access of all I O pins for probing and measurement and easy prototyping of your Standard Connector Options use NC for no connector apis uauodu
18. lash so there s no way to accidentally erase it There are two modes controlled by switch SW2 Run and Load The monitor mode is determined immediately following reset by checking the position of switch SW2 When working with the monitor program in place there are a few points to be noted 1 while the user vectors are implemented by the monitor at O0xF780 to OxF7FF you don t really have to worry about it because the monitor program will automatically adjust them when your s record is loaded 2 the monitor relocates RAM to the address range 0x2000 to 0x4000 from the default location after MCU reset of 0x0000 to Ox1FFF 3 the monitor program enables the phase locked loop PLL so the target is running at 24Mhz when in LOAD mode and not at the startup speed of 4Mhz 4 the user code must clear the CCR I Bit either via a CLI in assembler or via the INTR_ON in ICC12 5 SCIO cannot be used by the user program when in LOAD mode since it is dedicated to the moni tor program however SCI1 is available to the user 6 COP cannot be disabled in Load mode 4 2 WRITING A SIMPLE C PROGRAM IN ICC12 Before starting you ll need to set up your compiler settings as follows Program Memory 0x4000 0x7FFF 0xC000 0OxFFFF Data Memory 0x2000 Stack Pointer Ox3FCO Note that the Data Memory and Stack Pinter addresses shown are valid only for a device with a resident monitor since the monitor remaps the RAM following reset If you ar
19. lo apis juauodulo apis j UBUOdWOD apis uauodulo apis uauodulo apis uauodulo apis uauodulo apis uauodulo apis uauodulo d RD RD RA MM DD mM WL 6 la om p s ju uodwo 5 F apis j UBUOdWOD interface circuits What s more the detachable nature of the prototyping cards means that you can easily replace them with other cards including some of the application cards available from Technologi cal Arts You can build up a collection of different application circuits and use them all with the same microcontroller board This is especially advantageous in an educational environment where the stu dent can progress from simple to more complex applications throughout a semester or from one course to the next perhaps even incorporating the board into a final project In fact where budgets are tight different students can share the same microcontroller module and plug in their own interface cards when it s their turn to use it 1 5 USING ADAPT9S12E128 WITH SOLDERLESS BREADBOARDS When used with an optional adapter FADHDR50 F the module will easily plug verti cally into any standard solderless breadboard The resulting footprint is equivalent to a 50 pin nar
20. n is anticipated the on board 10uF tantalum capacitor can be replaced with a higher value 47uF or 100uF To compen sate for long lead in wires add capacitance of 100uF or so at or close to the J1 connector A couple of pads are provided on the circuit board to accomodate this Heatsinking Because the regulator is mounted on the underside of the circuit board with the package body parallel to the plane of the board it can be safely attached to a heatsink if desired Many clip on heatsinks are available for use with TO 220 packages Another option is to mount the board on a sheet of aluminum using standoffs If the appropriate length is chosen for the standoffs the tab of the regulator will lie flush with the aluminum sheet and can be coated with silicone grease and bolted or riveted to the plate tightening a nut and bolt will require a little ingenuity Note that the metal tab of the regulator is not Ground it is Vin so in most cases you will need a heatsink insulation kit 3 9 DAC While the on chip two channel DAC pins are brought out to I O connector H1 the signals are also routed through an op amp buffer circuit so that they can be used with headphones or amplified T speakers in audio applications 3 6 IIC The MCU includes an inter integrated circuit interface commonly referred to as IIC or 12C Connector J7 brings out SCL SDA Vcc and Ground for easy access to this interface 3 7 PLL While the supplied crystal is
21. nds to debug your code 9 Z Z Z Z Z Z 2 1 POWER OPTIONS A DC power supply is included with most bundle configurations It is the recommended power source when you re starting out If for some reason it s not convenient eg you don t want an extension cord trailing around behind your robot gt there are a couple of alternatives Option 1 connect a DC voltage of 6 Volts or more absolute maximum 24VDC via the exter nal power connector J1 Your DC supply does not need to be regulated but it should be capable of supplying at least 100 mA more if you will be using a BDM pod or you re driving other circuits as well If your supply is also driving motors make sure to isolate it before feeding it into the module to protect it from electrical noise generated by the motor coils You can do this by putting inductors 10uH nominal in series with both the and leads Preferably use the red amp black power wire provided order code PCJ18 Red is positive and black is negative ground CAUTION Make sure you have the polarity correct Option 2 supply regulated 5VDC or 3V if using 3V mode via the appropriate pins on one of the 50 pin I O connectors H1 or H2 See module pinout diagram or schematic included with your manual for the Vcc and GROUND pins on the headers CAUTION Double check your connec tions before applying power If you are applying 3V be sure to read the notes on 3 Volt operation in chapter 3 2 2 DEMO PRO
22. need So if you still need help or have questions after reading this manual visit our website www technologicalarts com and tap into the collective Pay particular attention to our Support Applications and Resources webpages While on our Support page be sure to join our techart micros online discussion group 1 3 BOARD VARIANTS Adapt9S12E128 was designed as an evaluation and application tool for the Freescale MCS12 E family of microcontrollers Based on the 9512E128 it is also suitable for developing applications for any of the derivatives 9512E64 and 9512E256 All of the subsystems are identical with the differenti ating factor among the chips being the amounts of Flash and RAM offered Freescale offers the chips in two packages 80 pin Quad Flat Pack QFP and 112 pin Thin Quad Flat Pack TQFP The 80 pin version has fewer I O lines and runs only in single chip mode since it lacks a memory expansion bus Modules are availalble for both the 80 pin and 112 pin chip packages Adapt9S12EQ128 and Adapt9S12E128 respectively Unless stated otherwise all references in this manual to Adapt9S12E128 apply equally to both the E and EQ products 1 4 ADAPT9512 VS TRADITIONAL EVALUATION BOARDS Most available evaluation and development systems tend to be too expensive and bulky for embedding into a real application so they lie on a shelf gathering dust once you ve reached a certain point in the learning curve Or maybe you thin
23. ng it onto your C drive Launch the applica tion and then apply power to the module A sign on message will appear in the uBug12 window A full list of uBug12 commands is provided in Appendix A The first step after you have launched uBug12 is to activate the connection to the target device ie Adapt9S12E128 module which is running the Serial Monitor Program This is done via the CON com mand which takes one parameter the number of the comport to which the device is connected eg CON 2 In this example uBug12 will open a connection to the target hardware attached to com2 Then you can choose any of the uBug12 commands One of the most useful commands is FLOAD This command lets you load an S record file into the target device flash If you are loading a file containing linear S2 records just type FLOAD if you are using a banked S2 such as those generated by ImageCraft s ICC12 Metrowerks Codewarrior and other tools use FLOAD B Once you have typed the FLOAD command followed by the ENTER key a dialog box will appear and you will be able to browse to the file you want to load If you have omitted the B parameter only files with an S2 extension will be displayed for loading Before loading another file though make sure to erase flash using the FBULK command One nice feature you ll discover is command line history Use the UP and DOWN arrows on your keyboard to recall previously typed commands You can then edit them as needed be
24. ng to burn them into flash Some assemblers will generate this format for you but others such as the included AS12 don t 3 1 3 VOLT OPERATION One of the nice features of the MCU is that it can operate on 3 to 5 V while maintaining full bus speed capability To support 3 Volt operation the module incorporates an adjustable regulator whose output voltage is set by a resistive voltage divider The circuit has been designed such that simply in serting a shorting jumper causes the regulator s output to shift from 5V to 3 3V When operated at 3V there are a few precautions that should be noted however The logic pins are not 5V tolerant so you will need to take the necessary steps to prevent damage to the I O pins of the MCU Also the maximum VRH voltage is limited to 3 3V so any external voltage or precision voltage reference you supply should be scaled accordingly One last point is that some BDM pods eg MicroBDM12SX will not work with 3V targets so you should check the specs of the BDM pod you intend to use 3 2 RESET Unlike previous HC11 and HC12 designs the 9512E MCU has an on chip low voltage inhibit LVI reset circuit so it is not necessary to provide such a circuit externally A momentary tact switch is pro vided for manual reset and the LVI circuit will provide a clean reset signal upon power up 3 3 USING A PRECISION VOLTAGE REFERENCE Adapt9512E128 uses Vcc as the voltage reference VRH for the analog to digit
25. ntry point which is called after the setup by CRT12 0 which is a module that the ICC12 linker links in as the starting point of the program Besides initializing the stack and other system features it initializes mem ory initialized variables and constants before transferring control to the Main Compile and link the program fixing any syntax errors that may have cropped up Ensure that the Project Options Device Configuration drop down box points to the 9512E128 Flash Mode This sets the link address to start the code section at 0x4000 and the stack at top of RAM 0x4000 4 5 USING A BDM POD If you have a BDM pod you can erase the resident monitor program completely This will free up all the MCU resources for your program most importantly the SCls Without the monitor in place the RAM will be at the default location following reset so make sure to use the correct compiler linker set tings Also the PLL won t be enabled so the bus speed will be 4 MHz 4 6 AUTOMATING S RECORD CONVERSION IN ICC12 You may have to convert the s record file to get it into the proper format for your BDM pod to load correctly ICC12 has a nice feature at Project gt Options gt Compiler gt ExecuteCommandAfterBuild where you can add the sreccvt command mentioned earlier 11 5 GOING FURTHER If you d like to get started interfacing common electronic devices such as LEDs LCDs switches relays etc you may consider purchasing the optional Demo Card
26. odules include serial memory temperature controllers clock calendar chips DACs MP3 decoders etc See the MCU da tasheets for details on these subsystems 16 Key Wakeup 7 Perform a quick visual check of the Module for any damage during transit Connect the Module s RS232 port J4 to a comport of a personal computer using the cable supplied Locate and install the Windows application called uBug12 included on the CD also on webpage Launch uBug12 if you see an error message it means you need to install the NET framework Activate the serial port connection by entering CON x where x is the comport you are using usually 1 or 2 Set switch SW2 to the LOAD position Connect the supplied power source to J1 uBug12 will display a short message followed by its command prompt The Module is now ready for your commands see Appendix B for full list of uBug12 commands 9 Z 18 Z 2 Z OH Z To download one of the supplied example programs into flash and execute it follow these steps Type fbulk lt enter gt at the uBug12 prompt to erase any existing program Type fload lt enter gt From the displayed file browser select one of the example program s output files s19 or s28 file After loading has finished move SW2 to the RUN postion and press the Reset button SW1 The program will run If you wish to debug the program move SW2 back to the LOAD position and press Reset The uBug12 prompt will appear Use uBug12 comma
27. ou ll need to locate the relevant registers for the subsystems you plan to use and make sure they are properly configured RAM location The RAM overlaps the register block area starting at 0000 with register taking priority so the first 1K bytes of RAM are not usable The monitor program re maps RAM to start at 2000 and go to 3FFF This means you would initialize the Stack Pointer to 4000 on the HCS12 the stack pointer points to the address following the top of the stack High speed Bus The default bus speed is half the crystal frequency of 8 MHz so it is 4 MHz If you enable the PLL it will be even higher up to 24 MHz This will mean changing some initialization values for control registers and revising delay constants if you are using any software timing loops I O Ports The digital I O ports on the HCS12 are more flexible than ever Besides selecting the direction of each port pin via a Data Direction Register there are registers controlling output drive level standard and reduced internal pullup and pulldown resistors and output logic polarity ie true or inverted logic COP Watchdog On most flavours of HC11 this was enabled via a bit in the non volatile CON FIG register On the HC12 it is dynamic and automatically enabled following reset Therefore you have to choose whether you re going to service it or disable it Write Once Registers On the HCS12 there is no 64 cycle startup window in which you have to write all t
28. row DIP and has a similar pin numbering sequence ie wraps around the end from pin 25 to 26 Plug the adapter into your breadboard wire up your circuits as required and then plug the module into the adapter If you want to access signals on H2 as well you ll need a 50 pin ribbon cable and a breadboard adapter FADIDC50 M to bring those signals down to the breadboard Perhaps a better alternative is a planar configuration utilizing cards mounted with solderless experimentor cards that plug into H1 and H2 in place of the prototyping cards supplied with your package shown These cards 4AD12EXPH1 FRA1 and AD12EXPH2 FRA1 respectively feature dual row receptacles F style connector next to the breadboard section giving you easy access to all of the I O signals To build your circuit it s just a matter of plugging lengths of ordinary 22 hookup wire between the signals on the recep tacles and the places you need them on the breadboard 1 6 RESIDENT DEBUG MONITOR Residing in a 2K protected block of on chip flash memory is Freescale s versatile Serial Monitor program When used with our free uBug12 Windows application running on a personal computer you can display and edit memory and registers erase and program flash set breakpoints and do instruction tracing In Run Mode your program runs automatically from Flash following reset See Chapter 2 and Appendix A for details on uBug12 and the resident monitor 1 7 EX
29. service routine this monitor redirects interrupt vectors to an unprotected portion of FLASH just below the pro tected monitor program This monitor is intended to be device unspecific this single application with very slight modification should execute on any HC9S12 derivative A user on a tight budget can evaluate the MCU by writing programs programming them into the MCU then debug using only a serial I O cable and free software uBug12 for their personal computer This monitor does not use any RAM other than the stack itself The COP watchdog is utilized for a cold reset function user code should not disable the COP ie by writing 0x00 to COPCTL This develop ment environment assumes you reset to the monitor when you are going to perform debug operations If your code takes control directly from reset and then an SCIO interrupt or a SWI attempts to enter the monitor the monitor may not function because SCIO the phase locked loop PLL and memory initiali zation registers may not be initialized as they would be for a cold reset into the monitor There is no error handling for the PLL If the frequency source is missing or broken the monitor will not function The monitor sets the operating speed of the MCU to 24 MHz Modification of the MCU speed by the user with out considerations for the monitor program will render the monitor nonfunctional If the PLL loses lock during operation the monitor will fail BLOCK PROTECTION In order to pre
30. t button Optional IrDA SCI2 BDM In Precision voltage reference for analog to digital converters user option Optional OpAmp Buffer for DAC Buffered DAC out SIGNAL NAME VCC 5VDC GROUND PK7 ECS PK6 XCS PK5 XADDR19 PK4 XADDR18 PK3 XADDR17 PK2 XADDR16 PK1 XADDR15 PKO XADDR14 PQO FAULTO PQ1 FAULTI PQ2 FAULT2 PQ3 FAULT3 PQ4 I50 PQ5 151 PQ6 152 PM3 PM4 RXD2 PM5 TXD2 PM6 SDA PAD12 KWAD12 PAD13 KWAD1 3 PAD14 KWAD14 PAD15 KWAD15
31. vent accidental changes to the monitor program itself the 2 Kbyte block of FLASH memory where it resides 6F800 FFFF is block protected Additionally all write commands are re stricted from modifying the monitor memory space The only way to change the contents of this pro tected block is to use a BDM based development In the lowest cost applications where the monitor is used with an SCI serial interface to the RS232 serial port on a personal computer there is no way to accidentally erase or modify the monitor software COP CONFIGURATION The monitor as written creates hard reset function by using the COP watchdog timer It does so by enabling the COP and waiting for a COP timeout reset to occur If the user application uses the COP two issues must be considered e If the COP is disabled in the user application the monitor will be unable to perform a hard reset and will soft reset to the start of the monitor instead e The monitor does not service the COP timer If the user application implements COP timer servic ing upon re entry into the monitor a hard reset is likely to occur MEMORY CONFIGURATION 1 Register space is 0000 03FF 2 Flash memory is any address greater than 4000 All paged addresses are assumed to be Flash memory 3 RAM ends at 3FFF and builds down to the limit of the device s available RAM 4 External devices attached to the multiplexed external bus interface are not supported SERIAL PORT USAGE In ord
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search